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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before sleek \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11933882/beyond-vaccines-biotech-is-booming-in-the-bay-area-despite-a-cooling-economy\">biotech campuses\u003c/a> and venture capital arrived, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/south-san-francisco\">South San Francisco\u003c/a> had a very different identity. For much of the 20th century, it absorbed the Bay Area’s mess — industries that were noisy, dirty, politically inconvenient, or simply unwanted elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slaughterhouses. Steel mills. Shipyards. Freight terminals. Businesses that needed elbow room and cheap land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1923, the city declared its role in giant white letters on a hillside above town: “South San Francisco The Industrial City.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“South San Francisco, like Emeryville, were industrial suburbs,” said Richard Walker, a professor emeritus of economic and urban geography at the University of California, Berkeley. “These were set up expressly to shelter industry from taxes, from protest, from labor, and they worked very effectively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Town councils limited housing, zoned big swaths for heavy industry, and kept taxes and rules light. The idea was to park loud, polluting businesses far from residential neighborhoods — and make them easy to operate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075369\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1473\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED-160x118.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED-1536x1131.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aerial view of South San Francisco’s Sign Hill, circa 1930. \u003ccite>(Courtesy South San Francisco Public Library Local History Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond town borders, the Bay Area as a whole was comfortable with risk and experimentation, a mindset that goes all the way back to the Gold Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You had a lot of young people, a lot of skilled workers, and a lot of capital,” Walker said of the Bay Area. “So this was an intellectual center, an industrial center, a capitalist center because of Bank of America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A risk-tolerant region meets a risky science\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Those conditions mattered when a new science arrived in the 1970s. Biotechnology required not just smart people and money, but a tolerance for uncertainty and perceived risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists were learning how to cut and paste genes — editing code, but for living things. The technique, called recombinant DNA, made it possible to insert genetic instructions into bacteria and harness them to manufacture human hormones and medicines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early days, that power was both thrilling and unsettling. Scientists worried that engineered microbes could behave unpredictably — escape the lab, spread through air or water, or create entirely new biological risks they didn’t yet know how to contain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concerns were serious enough that, in 1975, many molecular biologists took an extraordinary step: they voluntarily halted their own research. About 150 scientists gathered at an oceanside retreat in Pacific Grove called Asilomar. For four days, they debated the dangers, negotiated boundaries, and ultimately agreed on a set of guidelines for conducting recombinant DNA research safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Public backlash\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But then the public learned about what was happening inside labs. To some, tinkering with DNA felt apocalyptic because scientists might create new life they couldn’t control. News headlines leaned into worst-case scenarios: superbugs and lab accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the era of the Andromeda Strain,” said Robin Wolfe Scheffler, historian of biology and medicine at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[aside postID=news_12074947 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00252_TV-KQED.jpg']Trust in science and government was low. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11861810/no-the-tuskegee-study-is-not-the-top-reason-some-black-americans-question-the-covid-19-vaccine\">Tuskegee syphilis study\u003c/a> had recently been exposed, revealing profound abuses. Americans were reckoning with the health impacts of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11617827/this-vietnam-paratrooper-was-exposed-to-agent-orange-today-he-lives-with-parkinsons\">Agent Orange\u003c/a>. Nuclear anxiety lingered after the meltdown at \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/three/\">Three Mile Island\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Backlash spread quickly. Cities began debating whether they should regulate or ban genetic engineering. In Cambridge, Mass., officials considered outlawing it altogether. In Berkeley and San Francisco, protesters marched, chanting slogans like, “We will not be cloned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For researchers hoping to commercialize their discoveries, this created a bottleneck. Biotech startups needed large laboratories, sewer hookups, industrial equipment, and stable local rules. They needed places without residential neighbors ready to revolt. A place like South San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Proof of concept\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By the mid-1970s, South San Francisco’s leaders were actively searching for a new economic base. The steel mills were mostly gone. Meatpacking was shrinking. Shipping was slowing. When a young venture capitalist named Bob Swanson arrived with an idea that scared much of the country, they didn’t recoil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swanson was newly laid off from a venture capital firm and living in San Francisco, broke and uncertain about his future. Convinced biotechnology was poised to take off, he cold-called a scruffy, long-haired biochemist named Herbert Boyer at the University of California, San Francisco, who agreed to a 20-minute meeting on a Friday afternoon. The casual meeting was so successful that they decided to pool $1,000 and start a new company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074375\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074375\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Genentech headquarters at 1 DNA Way in South San Francisco on Feb. 23, 2026. South San Francisco was historically an industrial area, housing shipyards, slaughterhouses and a steel mill. Now it’s a biotech hub. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Swanson floated the name Herbob — for Herb and Bob. Boyer vetoed it and suggested Genentech, short for Genetic Engineering and Technology. More marketable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They couldn’t afford office space in San Francisco. Plus, keeping a private company inside UCSF’s public labs raised thorny questions about who owned the science. (Those tensions would later surface in a long-running patent dispute between UCSF and Genentech tied to some of the earliest recombinant DNA research, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/1999/11/genentech-pays-off-ucsf/\">a case\u003c/a> the two sides settled in 1999.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They landed in South San Francisco. Genentech’s first office sat off East Grand Avenue, next door to a pornography studio. There were few residents to complain, and plenty of industrial space suitable for fermentation tanks and pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the national debate over genetic engineering raged, Genentech’s scientists worked quietly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1977, they produced the first synthetic human insulin using genetically engineered bacteria, a breakthrough that transformed diabetes care and proved biotechnology could work at scale. Until then, people with diabetes relied on insulin extracted from cows and pigs: lifesaving, but imperfect. Genentech’s insulin was identical to the human version.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The success triggered a cascade. Former Genentech scientists founded new companies nearby to develop drugs for HIV and cancer. Warehouses filled. A cluster emerged. Today, South San Francisco is one of the most valuable square miles in American science, with more than 250 biotechnology companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Hey everyone. I’m Olivia Allen-Price, and this is Bay Curious.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today we head to South San Francisco. You pass it when you’re driving north from the airport along Highway 101– there are giant white letters carved into a hillside. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They read: “The Industrial City.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Faris Alikhan: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It used to be meatpacking plants and steel foundries.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Faris Alikhan grew up in South San Francisco, went to high school there — and about half his graduating class went on to work in biotech. His mom did too.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Faris Alikhan: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Why did it become this hub of biotechnology? People move here from all around the world to work in that one industry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biotechnology is a process. Scientists take a living cell, like yeast or bacteria, and program them to make medicine. They grow those cells in massive tanks — like a brewery — and harvest what the cells produce to make vaccines, antibiotics, and cancer treatments. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today, there are more than 250 biotech companies in South San Francisco, including Genentech. Faris wondered why \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">South San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and not closer to an educational hub, like Stanford or Berkeley? How and why did this stretch of waterfront become the birthplace of biotechnology? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Turns out he’s not alone in wondering this. Today’s question won a public voting round on \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://baycurious.org\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">BayCurious.org\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED health correspondent Lesley McClurg headed to South San Francisco to find out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When you drive down DNA way in South San Francisco it’s a little like a science fiction set. Shuttle buses glide between glass towers. Doctoral students sip matcha with CEOs. Researchers slip in workouts between experiments. Every amenity is available inside a self-contained city. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Low rumble of a freight train\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But 100 years ago this stretch of land was nicknamed the smokestack capital of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Peninsula\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">… Freight terminals. Shipyards. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cb>Archival clip:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> By July 1944 nearly 16,000 men and women were employed in the shipyards all playing a role in the country’s victory.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was a dirty, loud, industrial area. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Walker:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> South San Francisco, like Emeryville, they were industrial suburbs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Richard Walker is a professor emeritus of economic and urban geography at UC Berkeley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Walker:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> These were these were set up expressly to shelter industry from taxes, from protest, from labor and they worked very effectively. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the early and mid-20th century, local governments actively steered factories, warehouses, and refineries into these fringe cities. Town councils zoned big swaths of land for heavy industry. They limited housing, and kept taxes and rules light. The idea was to park the loud, dirty stuff far from residential neighborhoods — and make it easy for companies to operate. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beyond the town’s borders, Walker says the Bay Area as a region was also unusually comfortable with risk and experimentation, a mindset that goes all the way back to the Gold Rush.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Walker: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">You had a lot of young people, a lot of skilled workers, and a lot of capital. So this was an intellectual center, an industrial center, a capitalist center because of Bank of America, lots of capital available through San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All of that mattered when a new science came along in the 70s. Biotech needed smart people and money — AND it needed places willing to tolerate risk. And that’s where South San Francisco stood apart. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Robin Wolfe Scheffler is a historian of biology and medicine at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology or MIT. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A community that was very used to dealing with potentially hazardous or unpleasant and industrial neighbors. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And those industries were already in flux. The steel mills were mostly gone. Meatpacking was shrinking. Shipping was slowing. South San Francisco had space, infrastructure that was up for grabs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For people seeking to work with recombinant DNA in the late 1970s, that was actually perfect. Because many of the cities next to academic centers of molecular biology research were very concerned about its potential health hazards.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Genetic research was controversial. And in some cities, like Berkely or Palo Alto, very unwelcome.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NewsHour clip:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The hottest scientific controversy since man learned to split the atom is now raging over a new branch of biology called genetic engineering. This tampering with the most basic ingredients of life raises moral and ethical problems as grave as nuclear fission did.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scientists had just learned how to cut and paste genes — kind of like editing code, but for living things. This technique, called recombinant DNA, allows researchers to use special enzymes to slip pieces of genetic material into bacteria. Suddenly it seemed possible to rewrite the instructions inside living things. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was both exciting and terrifying. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NewsHour clip: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It might be a new drug of tremendous value in fighting disease, or it might be a new virus terribly dangerous to man. Some scientists want the research banned, and a large number want it controlled. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even molecular biologists were spooked by the possibilities. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The scientific community was divided over how hazardous this potential technique was.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They were so worried that they called a halt to their own work – and decided to convene a meeting. In 1975, about 150 scientists gathered in California at an oceanside retreat in Pacific Grove called Asilomar. For four days they argued, negotiated, and finally agreed on a set of guidelines for doing recombinant DNA research safely.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But then the public learned about what was happening inside labs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is the era of the Andromeda strain, this is the era of Three Mile Island, this is a a moment when overall there’s a huge amount of social concern over the impact of technology and science on the environment. and trust in the institutions of science and technology to regulate themselves is at a low ebb.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Americans had learned that the government had secretly let Black men suffer and die in the Tuskegee syphilis study. They were also just beginning to reckon with the health fallout of Agent Orange from the Vietnam War. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To some, tinkering with DNA felt apocalyptic. People worried engineered bacteria could escape the lab — through the air, water, or sewers — and make people sick. Others feared scientists were crossing an ethical line, creating new life they couldn’t control. Headlines leaned into worst-case scenarios: superbugs and lab accidents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">By 1975, there is a national conversation about what regulations should be placed on the use of recombinant DNA technology, and individual municipalities begin to consider whether or not they can regulate it as well. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Cambridge, Massachusetts, city officials considered banning the new technology altogether. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>News clip: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The debate over the new experiments has filled over into the streets. “We science for the people are here to try to bring the issues of this controversy to the public. To the people. Because the people are at risk and will benefit from the experiments that are being done with recombinant DNA.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The same was true in San Francisco and Berkeley. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">People marching down the street chanting, we will not be cloned. And so this is a concern for anybody seeking to move outside of an academic laboratory to set up a fledgling biotechnology company because these companies need laboratories, they need space to work. They want to connect to sewers, they want to have the assurance that they’re going to be able to sort of operate on a stable basis.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cue South San Francisco. It’s a community that was very used to dealing with potentially hazardous or unpleasant products. Plus, the 1970s were a time of deindustrialization and so…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The city leaders were very concerned to find a new economic base.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So when a young venture capitalist came knocking with an idea that could revive South San Francisco – city leaders welcomed him.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Music starts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When we return – a behemoth is born. Stay with us.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sponsor message\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the 1970s, South San Francisco leaders were concerned about the dwindling industries that propped up its tax base. Little did they know the next big thing was waiting at their doorstep. KQED’s Lesley McClurg.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the time Bob Swanson was an unemployed MIT graduate living in San Francisco. He’d just been laid off by the venture capital firm Kleiner and Perkins. According to his wife Judy he was living on peanut butter and jelly sandwiches. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Judy Swanson: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He had no extra money, and he was really scared that what am I going to do next? I don’t want to be a failure in life.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He started reading about biotechnology. And was quickly convinced this was the moment it could take off. So, he called a scruffy long haired biochemist named Herb Boyer at UCSF, who agreed to a 20 minute meeting on a Friday afternoon. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Judy Swanson: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bob showed up in his you know three piece vests outfit and and they hit it off. They decided to go get a beer afterwards. So the two of them decided to put what money they had which was five hundred dollars each to create a company.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bob wanted to call it Herbob. For Herb and Bob. Herb thought that was a terrible idea. His suggestion was Genentech for Genetic Engineering and Technology. They couldn’t afford office space in San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And keeping a private company inside UCSF’s public labs raised thorny questions about who owned the science. Those tensions would later surface in a long-running patent dispute between UCSF and Genentech tied to some of the earliest recombinant DNA research, a case the two sides settled in 1999. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Long before the lawyers got involved, Bob looked south of the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Judy Swanson: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He rented the most inexpensive office space that he could rent, which was in South San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The offices were in a nondescript building off East Grand Avenue.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Judy Swanson: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">South San Francisco was nothing then really, and they were welcoming, you know, of any idea. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Genentech’s new office was next door to a pornography studio. Because there were so few residential areas – nobody griped about what was in their backyard. And most importantly — there were plenty of empty warehouses large enough to handle vats, pipes, and fermentation columns that are key to biotechnology.\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, as the nation argued over the risks of genetic engineering. Scientists at Genentech were quietly at work in South San Francisco, on the verge of transforming diabetes care.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NBC News clip from 1977: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scientists around the country today were paying close attention to reports from California that genetic engineering in a laboratory may be able to produce an insulin gene that could have all kinds of effects.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Until then, people with diabetes relied on insulin taken from cow and pig pancreases. It kept them alive, but it wasn’t an exact match for human insulin and could trigger immune reactions. Genentech made the first synthetic human insulin — identical to what our bodies produce, using genetically engineered bacteria. Production began in 1978. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cb>NBC News, 1977:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Genetic engineering has become big business\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Within a decade, companies founded by former Genentech scientists began filling nearby warehouses.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cb>NBC News, 1977: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">nd entirely new firms have emerged solely devoted to genetic engineering.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A cluster formed. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And over time, South San Francisco became one of the most valuable square miles in American science.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the years that followed, work done here led to HIV drugs that changed the course of the AIDS epidemic. And cancer treatments were developed that are now standard care.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While much of the country hesitated, South San Francisco made room. What had been noisy, polluted, and overlooked proved well suited for a risky new science — one that grew into a multibillion-dollar industry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That was KQED Health Correspondent Lesley McClurg. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This question was part of a Bay Curious voting round. Did you know we have a new one up on our website every month? This month, here’s what’s up for consideration…\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cb>Question 1: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Why is there truly a taco truck on every corner in San Francisco and San Mateo?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Question 2: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Why are there huge fans over the tunnels near the Golden Gate Bridge?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Question 3: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What’s the story with the abandoned cop car in front of the airport off of 101? Everyone knows no actual cop is in it, so what’s the scoop with leaving there?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Voting takes just a click — no registering or drama, I promise. Do it at \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://baycurious.org\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">BayCurious.org\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED. You can become a member today, and enjoy all sorts of nice benefits — the biggest one though. Those warm fuzzies you get knowing you support shows like ours. Thanks!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Curious is made by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale and me, Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey, Katherine Monahan, and everyone on Team KQED.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before sleek \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11933882/beyond-vaccines-biotech-is-booming-in-the-bay-area-despite-a-cooling-economy\">biotech campuses\u003c/a> and venture capital arrived, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/south-san-francisco\">South San Francisco\u003c/a> had a very different identity. For much of the 20th century, it absorbed the Bay Area’s mess — industries that were noisy, dirty, politically inconvenient, or simply unwanted elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slaughterhouses. Steel mills. Shipyards. Freight terminals. Businesses that needed elbow room and cheap land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1923, the city declared its role in giant white letters on a hillside above town: “South San Francisco The Industrial City.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“South San Francisco, like Emeryville, were industrial suburbs,” said Richard Walker, a professor emeritus of economic and urban geography at the University of California, Berkeley. “These were set up expressly to shelter industry from taxes, from protest, from labor, and they worked very effectively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Town councils limited housing, zoned big swaths for heavy industry, and kept taxes and rules light. The idea was to park loud, polluting businesses far from residential neighborhoods — and make them easy to operate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075369\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1473\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED-160x118.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260304-South-San-Francisco-Archival-01-KQED-1536x1131.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aerial view of South San Francisco’s Sign Hill, circa 1930. \u003ccite>(Courtesy South San Francisco Public Library Local History Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond town borders, the Bay Area as a whole was comfortable with risk and experimentation, a mindset that goes all the way back to the Gold Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You had a lot of young people, a lot of skilled workers, and a lot of capital,” Walker said of the Bay Area. “So this was an intellectual center, an industrial center, a capitalist center because of Bank of America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A risk-tolerant region meets a risky science\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Those conditions mattered when a new science arrived in the 1970s. Biotechnology required not just smart people and money, but a tolerance for uncertainty and perceived risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists were learning how to cut and paste genes — editing code, but for living things. The technique, called recombinant DNA, made it possible to insert genetic instructions into bacteria and harness them to manufacture human hormones and medicines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early days, that power was both thrilling and unsettling. Scientists worried that engineered microbes could behave unpredictably — escape the lab, spread through air or water, or create entirely new biological risks they didn’t yet know how to contain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concerns were serious enough that, in 1975, many molecular biologists took an extraordinary step: they voluntarily halted their own research. About 150 scientists gathered at an oceanside retreat in Pacific Grove called Asilomar. For four days, they debated the dangers, negotiated boundaries, and ultimately agreed on a set of guidelines for conducting recombinant DNA research safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Public backlash\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But then the public learned about what was happening inside labs. To some, tinkering with DNA felt apocalyptic because scientists might create new life they couldn’t control. News headlines leaned into worst-case scenarios: superbugs and lab accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the era of the Andromeda Strain,” said Robin Wolfe Scheffler, historian of biology and medicine at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Trust in science and government was low. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11861810/no-the-tuskegee-study-is-not-the-top-reason-some-black-americans-question-the-covid-19-vaccine\">Tuskegee syphilis study\u003c/a> had recently been exposed, revealing profound abuses. Americans were reckoning with the health impacts of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11617827/this-vietnam-paratrooper-was-exposed-to-agent-orange-today-he-lives-with-parkinsons\">Agent Orange\u003c/a>. Nuclear anxiety lingered after the meltdown at \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/three/\">Three Mile Island\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Backlash spread quickly. Cities began debating whether they should regulate or ban genetic engineering. In Cambridge, Mass., officials considered outlawing it altogether. In Berkeley and San Francisco, protesters marched, chanting slogans like, “We will not be cloned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For researchers hoping to commercialize their discoveries, this created a bottleneck. Biotech startups needed large laboratories, sewer hookups, industrial equipment, and stable local rules. They needed places without residential neighbors ready to revolt. A place like South San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Proof of concept\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By the mid-1970s, South San Francisco’s leaders were actively searching for a new economic base. The steel mills were mostly gone. Meatpacking was shrinking. Shipping was slowing. When a young venture capitalist named Bob Swanson arrived with an idea that scared much of the country, they didn’t recoil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swanson was newly laid off from a venture capital firm and living in San Francisco, broke and uncertain about his future. Convinced biotechnology was poised to take off, he cold-called a scruffy, long-haired biochemist named Herbert Boyer at the University of California, San Francisco, who agreed to a 20-minute meeting on a Friday afternoon. The casual meeting was so successful that they decided to pool $1,000 and start a new company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074375\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074375\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SOUTHSF00325_TV-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Genentech headquarters at 1 DNA Way in South San Francisco on Feb. 23, 2026. South San Francisco was historically an industrial area, housing shipyards, slaughterhouses and a steel mill. Now it’s a biotech hub. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Swanson floated the name Herbob — for Herb and Bob. Boyer vetoed it and suggested Genentech, short for Genetic Engineering and Technology. More marketable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They couldn’t afford office space in San Francisco. Plus, keeping a private company inside UCSF’s public labs raised thorny questions about who owned the science. (Those tensions would later surface in a long-running patent dispute between UCSF and Genentech tied to some of the earliest recombinant DNA research, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/1999/11/genentech-pays-off-ucsf/\">a case\u003c/a> the two sides settled in 1999.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They landed in South San Francisco. Genentech’s first office sat off East Grand Avenue, next door to a pornography studio. There were few residents to complain, and plenty of industrial space suitable for fermentation tanks and pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the national debate over genetic engineering raged, Genentech’s scientists worked quietly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1977, they produced the first synthetic human insulin using genetically engineered bacteria, a breakthrough that transformed diabetes care and proved biotechnology could work at scale. Until then, people with diabetes relied on insulin extracted from cows and pigs: lifesaving, but imperfect. Genentech’s insulin was identical to the human version.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The success triggered a cascade. Former Genentech scientists founded new companies nearby to develop drugs for HIV and cancer. Warehouses filled. A cluster emerged. Today, South San Francisco is one of the most valuable square miles in American science, with more than 250 biotechnology companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Hey everyone. I’m Olivia Allen-Price, and this is Bay Curious.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today we head to South San Francisco. You pass it when you’re driving north from the airport along Highway 101– there are giant white letters carved into a hillside. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They read: “The Industrial City.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Faris Alikhan: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It used to be meatpacking plants and steel foundries.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Faris Alikhan grew up in South San Francisco, went to high school there — and about half his graduating class went on to work in biotech. His mom did too.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Faris Alikhan: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Why did it become this hub of biotechnology? People move here from all around the world to work in that one industry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biotechnology is a process. Scientists take a living cell, like yeast or bacteria, and program them to make medicine. They grow those cells in massive tanks — like a brewery — and harvest what the cells produce to make vaccines, antibiotics, and cancer treatments. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today, there are more than 250 biotech companies in South San Francisco, including Genentech. Faris wondered why \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">South San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and not closer to an educational hub, like Stanford or Berkeley? How and why did this stretch of waterfront become the birthplace of biotechnology? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Turns out he’s not alone in wondering this. Today’s question won a public voting round on \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://baycurious.org\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">BayCurious.org\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED health correspondent Lesley McClurg headed to South San Francisco to find out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When you drive down DNA way in South San Francisco it’s a little like a science fiction set. Shuttle buses glide between glass towers. Doctoral students sip matcha with CEOs. Researchers slip in workouts between experiments. Every amenity is available inside a self-contained city. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Low rumble of a freight train\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But 100 years ago this stretch of land was nicknamed the smokestack capital of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Peninsula\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">… Freight terminals. Shipyards. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cb>Archival clip:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> By July 1944 nearly 16,000 men and women were employed in the shipyards all playing a role in the country’s victory.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was a dirty, loud, industrial area. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Walker:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> South San Francisco, like Emeryville, they were industrial suburbs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Richard Walker is a professor emeritus of economic and urban geography at UC Berkeley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Walker:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> These were these were set up expressly to shelter industry from taxes, from protest, from labor and they worked very effectively. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the early and mid-20th century, local governments actively steered factories, warehouses, and refineries into these fringe cities. Town councils zoned big swaths of land for heavy industry. They limited housing, and kept taxes and rules light. The idea was to park the loud, dirty stuff far from residential neighborhoods — and make it easy for companies to operate. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beyond the town’s borders, Walker says the Bay Area as a region was also unusually comfortable with risk and experimentation, a mindset that goes all the way back to the Gold Rush.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Walker: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">You had a lot of young people, a lot of skilled workers, and a lot of capital. So this was an intellectual center, an industrial center, a capitalist center because of Bank of America, lots of capital available through San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All of that mattered when a new science came along in the 70s. Biotech needed smart people and money — AND it needed places willing to tolerate risk. And that’s where South San Francisco stood apart. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Robin Wolfe Scheffler is a historian of biology and medicine at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology or MIT. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A community that was very used to dealing with potentially hazardous or unpleasant and industrial neighbors. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And those industries were already in flux. The steel mills were mostly gone. Meatpacking was shrinking. Shipping was slowing. South San Francisco had space, infrastructure that was up for grabs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For people seeking to work with recombinant DNA in the late 1970s, that was actually perfect. Because many of the cities next to academic centers of molecular biology research were very concerned about its potential health hazards.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Genetic research was controversial. And in some cities, like Berkely or Palo Alto, very unwelcome.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NewsHour clip:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The hottest scientific controversy since man learned to split the atom is now raging over a new branch of biology called genetic engineering. This tampering with the most basic ingredients of life raises moral and ethical problems as grave as nuclear fission did.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scientists had just learned how to cut and paste genes — kind of like editing code, but for living things. This technique, called recombinant DNA, allows researchers to use special enzymes to slip pieces of genetic material into bacteria. Suddenly it seemed possible to rewrite the instructions inside living things. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was both exciting and terrifying. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NewsHour clip: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It might be a new drug of tremendous value in fighting disease, or it might be a new virus terribly dangerous to man. Some scientists want the research banned, and a large number want it controlled. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even molecular biologists were spooked by the possibilities. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The scientific community was divided over how hazardous this potential technique was.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They were so worried that they called a halt to their own work – and decided to convene a meeting. In 1975, about 150 scientists gathered in California at an oceanside retreat in Pacific Grove called Asilomar. For four days they argued, negotiated, and finally agreed on a set of guidelines for doing recombinant DNA research safely.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But then the public learned about what was happening inside labs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is the era of the Andromeda strain, this is the era of Three Mile Island, this is a a moment when overall there’s a huge amount of social concern over the impact of technology and science on the environment. and trust in the institutions of science and technology to regulate themselves is at a low ebb.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Americans had learned that the government had secretly let Black men suffer and die in the Tuskegee syphilis study. They were also just beginning to reckon with the health fallout of Agent Orange from the Vietnam War. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To some, tinkering with DNA felt apocalyptic. People worried engineered bacteria could escape the lab — through the air, water, or sewers — and make people sick. Others feared scientists were crossing an ethical line, creating new life they couldn’t control. Headlines leaned into worst-case scenarios: superbugs and lab accidents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">By 1975, there is a national conversation about what regulations should be placed on the use of recombinant DNA technology, and individual municipalities begin to consider whether or not they can regulate it as well. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Cambridge, Massachusetts, city officials considered banning the new technology altogether. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>News clip: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The debate over the new experiments has filled over into the streets. “We science for the people are here to try to bring the issues of this controversy to the public. To the people. Because the people are at risk and will benefit from the experiments that are being done with recombinant DNA.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The same was true in San Francisco and Berkeley. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">People marching down the street chanting, we will not be cloned. And so this is a concern for anybody seeking to move outside of an academic laboratory to set up a fledgling biotechnology company because these companies need laboratories, they need space to work. They want to connect to sewers, they want to have the assurance that they’re going to be able to sort of operate on a stable basis.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cue South San Francisco. It’s a community that was very used to dealing with potentially hazardous or unpleasant products. Plus, the 1970s were a time of deindustrialization and so…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Robin Wolfe Scheffler: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The city leaders were very concerned to find a new economic base.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So when a young venture capitalist came knocking with an idea that could revive South San Francisco – city leaders welcomed him.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Music starts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> When we return – a behemoth is born. Stay with us.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sponsor message\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the 1970s, South San Francisco leaders were concerned about the dwindling industries that propped up its tax base. Little did they know the next big thing was waiting at their doorstep. KQED’s Lesley McClurg.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the time Bob Swanson was an unemployed MIT graduate living in San Francisco. He’d just been laid off by the venture capital firm Kleiner and Perkins. According to his wife Judy he was living on peanut butter and jelly sandwiches. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Judy Swanson: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He had no extra money, and he was really scared that what am I going to do next? I don’t want to be a failure in life.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He started reading about biotechnology. And was quickly convinced this was the moment it could take off. So, he called a scruffy long haired biochemist named Herb Boyer at UCSF, who agreed to a 20 minute meeting on a Friday afternoon. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Judy Swanson: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bob showed up in his you know three piece vests outfit and and they hit it off. They decided to go get a beer afterwards. So the two of them decided to put what money they had which was five hundred dollars each to create a company.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bob wanted to call it Herbob. For Herb and Bob. Herb thought that was a terrible idea. His suggestion was Genentech for Genetic Engineering and Technology. They couldn’t afford office space in San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And keeping a private company inside UCSF’s public labs raised thorny questions about who owned the science. Those tensions would later surface in a long-running patent dispute between UCSF and Genentech tied to some of the earliest recombinant DNA research, a case the two sides settled in 1999. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Long before the lawyers got involved, Bob looked south of the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Judy Swanson: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He rented the most inexpensive office space that he could rent, which was in South San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The offices were in a nondescript building off East Grand Avenue.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Judy Swanson: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">South San Francisco was nothing then really, and they were welcoming, you know, of any idea. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Genentech’s new office was next door to a pornography studio. Because there were so few residential areas – nobody griped about what was in their backyard. And most importantly — there were plenty of empty warehouses large enough to handle vats, pipes, and fermentation columns that are key to biotechnology.\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, as the nation argued over the risks of genetic engineering. Scientists at Genentech were quietly at work in South San Francisco, on the verge of transforming diabetes care.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>NBC News clip from 1977: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scientists around the country today were paying close attention to reports from California that genetic engineering in a laboratory may be able to produce an insulin gene that could have all kinds of effects.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Until then, people with diabetes relied on insulin taken from cow and pig pancreases. It kept them alive, but it wasn’t an exact match for human insulin and could trigger immune reactions. Genentech made the first synthetic human insulin — identical to what our bodies produce, using genetically engineered bacteria. Production began in 1978. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cb>NBC News, 1977:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Genetic engineering has become big business\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Within a decade, companies founded by former Genentech scientists began filling nearby warehouses.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cb>NBC News, 1977: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">nd entirely new firms have emerged solely devoted to genetic engineering.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lesley McClurg:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A cluster formed. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And over time, South San Francisco became one of the most valuable square miles in American science.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the years that followed, work done here led to HIV drugs that changed the course of the AIDS epidemic. And cancer treatments were developed that are now standard care.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While much of the country hesitated, South San Francisco made room. What had been noisy, polluted, and overlooked proved well suited for a risky new science — one that grew into a multibillion-dollar industry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That was KQED Health Correspondent Lesley McClurg. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This question was part of a Bay Curious voting round. Did you know we have a new one up on our website every month? This month, here’s what’s up for consideration…\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cb>Question 1: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Why is there truly a taco truck on every corner in San Francisco and San Mateo?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Question 2: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Why are there huge fans over the tunnels near the Golden Gate Bridge?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Question 3: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What’s the story with the abandoned cop car in front of the airport off of 101? Everyone knows no actual cop is in it, so what’s the scoop with leaving there?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Voting takes just a click — no registering or drama, I promise. Do it at \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://baycurious.org\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">BayCurious.org\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED. You can become a member today, and enjoy all sorts of nice benefits — the biggest one though. Those warm fuzzies you get knowing you support shows like ours. Thanks!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Curious is made by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale and me, Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey, Katherine Monahan, and everyone on Team KQED.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>"
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"content": "\u003cp>Nearly every member of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> congressional delegation said they will be voting yes on Wednesday on a resolution authored by South Bay Rep. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ro-khanna\">Ro Khanna\u003c/a> that calls for President Donald Trump to end \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075251/iranian-americans-react-to-us-israel-war-on-iran\">military action against Iran\u003c/a> unless he seeks authorization from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House vote comes one day after the U.S. Senate failed to pass a similar \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-joint-resolution/98/cosponsors\">resolution \u003c/a>cosponsored by California’s Sens. Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-concurrent-resolution/38/text\">resolution \u003c/a>coauthored by Khanna and Kentucky Republican Rep. Thomas Massie also calls for the immediate withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iran. While unlikely to pass —and almost certainly be vetoed by the president if it did — the resolution asserts Congress’s power to declare war under the Constitution and calls for an end to military action “unless explicitly authorized by a declaration of war or specific authorization for use of military force.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if it fails, the resolution will symbolically force lawmakers to go on the record and take a position on the war in Iran ahead of what’s expected to be a competitive midterm election to decide the control of Congress for the second half of Trump’s term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In remarks on the House floor on Wednesday, Khanna — a longtime opponent of foreign military intervention — framed the decision before lawmakers as not a procedural vote, but a “profoundly moral” one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The world needs a new moral vision. America needs a new vision. We are seeing militarism erode the soul of our nation, leading to a regime change war in Iran and utter human devastation in Gaza. Simply put, we have lost our way. We’re back to the law of the jungle, where might makes right and where the Middle East descends into a Hobbesian war of all against all,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075140\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075140\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20260302_IRANWARPROTEST_GC-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20260302_IRANWARPROTEST_GC-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20260302_IRANWARPROTEST_GC-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20260302_IRANWARPROTEST_GC-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A prayer is held during a rally in response to U.S.-Israeli attacks on Iran, at Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on March 2, 2026. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Six American soldiers have died since military strikes began last weekend, according to the Pentagon, and nearly 800 people are believed to have been killed in Iran, including 160 children and staff at a school. Scores more have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/how-many-people-have-been-killed-us-israel-war-iran-2026-03-03/\">killed \u003c/a>across the region as the conflict spreads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comments on the Senate floor on Wednesday, Schiff slammed the Trump administration for not making the case for war to the American public or to Congress before it began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at war, having had no national debate over whether we should enter into war. We are at war, having no authorization by Congress, a power explicitly given by our founders to the Congress to declare war,” he said. “This resolution is about stopping that war, but it is also about reasserting Congress’s vital role as a check on the executive and the abuse of the authority to bring a nation to war.”[aside postID=news_12075199 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2263689274-2000x1367.jpg']Among the coauthors of Khanna’s House resolution are eight Democratic members of Congress from the Bay Area: Pelosi, Oakland Rep. Lateefah Simon, Napa Rep. Mike Thompson, East Bay Reps. Mark DeSaulnier, John Garamendi and Eric Swalwell, North Bay Rep. Jared Huffman, and South Bay Rep. Zoe Lofgren.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12045408/im-furious-bay-area-leaders-criticize-trump-for-foregoing-congress-on-iran-strikes\">Many of those same lawmakers\u003c/a> cosponsoring the resolution also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074989/bay-area-lawmakers-rebuke-trump-over-iran-strikes-war-authority\">spoke out against the war \u003c/a>over the weekend, in the immediate aftermath of the first American strikes\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are two debates going on here,” Pelosi said on the House floor on Wednesday. “One is a debate as to the Constitution of the United States. The other is whether Iran should have a nuclear weapon, which we all agree they should not. But that doesn’t mean the Constitution of the United States should be a casualty of that because you want to take a shortcut to the war.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservatives have attacked Pelosi’s position in recent days, noting that she \u003ca href=\"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/pelosis-war-powers-flip-flop-exposed-resurfaced-obama-era-clip-contradicts-trump-criticism\">defended\u003c/a> former President Barack Obama’s unilateral decision to bomb Libya in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her spokesman, Ian Krager, said there’s a difference between those limited operations in Libya and “a broader, escalating war” with Iran, and that she’s been consistent in her position that Congress should weigh in when there is the prospect of “expansive or prolonged hostilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/GettyImages-2244433247-scaled-e1762811972609.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Nancy Pelosi speaks during a campaign event in support of Proposition 50 in San Francisco, on Monday, Nov. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gabrielle Lurie/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And on Wednesday, Pelosi said on the House floor that there should be a debate about the merits of the actions in Iran — after Congress asserts its power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José Rep. Sam Liccardo said he was troubled that the Trump administration has not clearly articulated the objectives of the war, calling such an explanation necessary both under the Constitution and morally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing Iraq, Afghanistan, Vietnam, and recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069211/after-maduros-capture-venezuela-faces-old-u-s-shadows-and-uncertain-future\">U.S. military operations in Venezuela\u003c/a>, he said in a written statement that the American public doesn’t have the appetite for “more protracted engagement,” and called for “immediate action” from Congress on the war powers resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12065389\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12065389\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251124-SJHUDCUTS-JG-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251124-SJHUDCUTS-JG-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251124-SJHUDCUTS-JG-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251124-SJHUDCUTS-JG-07-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Sam Liccardo speaks during a press conference in San José about changes to a federal housing program’s funding by the Trump administration on Nov. 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Trump justified last year’s attacks on Iran by claiming that he ‘obliterated’ Iran’s nuclear capabilities; if true, he wouldn’t need this year’s war to do so,” Liccardo wrote. “Trump urges regime change, yet no mere bombing campaign — no matter how horrific or brutal — can deliver that outcome. Americans deserve the truth, and Congress cannot continue to acquiesce to the unconstitutional expansion of presidential war powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, 21 California members of Congress are cosponsoring Khanna’s resolution, all Democrats. Cosponsors outside the Bay Area include: Reps. Sara Jacobs, Lou Correa, Doris Matsui, Laura Friedman, Nannette Barragan, Maxine Waters, Judy Chu, Robert Garcia, Ami Bera, Dave Min, Scott Peters and Mike Levin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Josh Harder, whose district includes parts of the far East Bay, didn’t respond to an inquiry about his position on the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Nearly every member of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> congressional delegation said they will be voting yes on Wednesday on a resolution authored by South Bay Rep. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ro-khanna\">Ro Khanna\u003c/a> that calls for President Donald Trump to end \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075251/iranian-americans-react-to-us-israel-war-on-iran\">military action against Iran\u003c/a> unless he seeks authorization from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House vote comes one day after the U.S. Senate failed to pass a similar \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-joint-resolution/98/cosponsors\">resolution \u003c/a>cosponsored by California’s Sens. Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-concurrent-resolution/38/text\">resolution \u003c/a>coauthored by Khanna and Kentucky Republican Rep. Thomas Massie also calls for the immediate withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iran. While unlikely to pass —and almost certainly be vetoed by the president if it did — the resolution asserts Congress’s power to declare war under the Constitution and calls for an end to military action “unless explicitly authorized by a declaration of war or specific authorization for use of military force.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if it fails, the resolution will symbolically force lawmakers to go on the record and take a position on the war in Iran ahead of what’s expected to be a competitive midterm election to decide the control of Congress for the second half of Trump’s term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In remarks on the House floor on Wednesday, Khanna — a longtime opponent of foreign military intervention — framed the decision before lawmakers as not a procedural vote, but a “profoundly moral” one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The world needs a new moral vision. America needs a new vision. We are seeing militarism erode the soul of our nation, leading to a regime change war in Iran and utter human devastation in Gaza. Simply put, we have lost our way. We’re back to the law of the jungle, where might makes right and where the Middle East descends into a Hobbesian war of all against all,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075140\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075140\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20260302_IRANWARPROTEST_GC-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20260302_IRANWARPROTEST_GC-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20260302_IRANWARPROTEST_GC-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20260302_IRANWARPROTEST_GC-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A prayer is held during a rally in response to U.S.-Israeli attacks on Iran, at Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on March 2, 2026. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Six American soldiers have died since military strikes began last weekend, according to the Pentagon, and nearly 800 people are believed to have been killed in Iran, including 160 children and staff at a school. Scores more have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/how-many-people-have-been-killed-us-israel-war-iran-2026-03-03/\">killed \u003c/a>across the region as the conflict spreads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comments on the Senate floor on Wednesday, Schiff slammed the Trump administration for not making the case for war to the American public or to Congress before it began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at war, having had no national debate over whether we should enter into war. We are at war, having no authorization by Congress, a power explicitly given by our founders to the Congress to declare war,” he said. “This resolution is about stopping that war, but it is also about reasserting Congress’s vital role as a check on the executive and the abuse of the authority to bring a nation to war.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Among the coauthors of Khanna’s House resolution are eight Democratic members of Congress from the Bay Area: Pelosi, Oakland Rep. Lateefah Simon, Napa Rep. Mike Thompson, East Bay Reps. Mark DeSaulnier, John Garamendi and Eric Swalwell, North Bay Rep. Jared Huffman, and South Bay Rep. Zoe Lofgren.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12045408/im-furious-bay-area-leaders-criticize-trump-for-foregoing-congress-on-iran-strikes\">Many of those same lawmakers\u003c/a> cosponsoring the resolution also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074989/bay-area-lawmakers-rebuke-trump-over-iran-strikes-war-authority\">spoke out against the war \u003c/a>over the weekend, in the immediate aftermath of the first American strikes\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are two debates going on here,” Pelosi said on the House floor on Wednesday. “One is a debate as to the Constitution of the United States. The other is whether Iran should have a nuclear weapon, which we all agree they should not. But that doesn’t mean the Constitution of the United States should be a casualty of that because you want to take a shortcut to the war.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservatives have attacked Pelosi’s position in recent days, noting that she \u003ca href=\"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/pelosis-war-powers-flip-flop-exposed-resurfaced-obama-era-clip-contradicts-trump-criticism\">defended\u003c/a> former President Barack Obama’s unilateral decision to bomb Libya in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her spokesman, Ian Krager, said there’s a difference between those limited operations in Libya and “a broader, escalating war” with Iran, and that she’s been consistent in her position that Congress should weigh in when there is the prospect of “expansive or prolonged hostilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/GettyImages-2244433247-scaled-e1762811972609.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Nancy Pelosi speaks during a campaign event in support of Proposition 50 in San Francisco, on Monday, Nov. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gabrielle Lurie/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And on Wednesday, Pelosi said on the House floor that there should be a debate about the merits of the actions in Iran — after Congress asserts its power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José Rep. Sam Liccardo said he was troubled that the Trump administration has not clearly articulated the objectives of the war, calling such an explanation necessary both under the Constitution and morally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing Iraq, Afghanistan, Vietnam, and recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069211/after-maduros-capture-venezuela-faces-old-u-s-shadows-and-uncertain-future\">U.S. military operations in Venezuela\u003c/a>, he said in a written statement that the American public doesn’t have the appetite for “more protracted engagement,” and called for “immediate action” from Congress on the war powers resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12065389\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12065389\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251124-SJHUDCUTS-JG-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251124-SJHUDCUTS-JG-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251124-SJHUDCUTS-JG-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251124-SJHUDCUTS-JG-07-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Sam Liccardo speaks during a press conference in San José about changes to a federal housing program’s funding by the Trump administration on Nov. 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Trump justified last year’s attacks on Iran by claiming that he ‘obliterated’ Iran’s nuclear capabilities; if true, he wouldn’t need this year’s war to do so,” Liccardo wrote. “Trump urges regime change, yet no mere bombing campaign — no matter how horrific or brutal — can deliver that outcome. Americans deserve the truth, and Congress cannot continue to acquiesce to the unconstitutional expansion of presidential war powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, 21 California members of Congress are cosponsoring Khanna’s resolution, all Democrats. Cosponsors outside the Bay Area include: Reps. Sara Jacobs, Lou Correa, Doris Matsui, Laura Friedman, Nannette Barragan, Maxine Waters, Judy Chu, Robert Garcia, Ami Bera, Dave Min, Scott Peters and Mike Levin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Josh Harder, whose district includes parts of the far East Bay, didn’t respond to an inquiry about his position on the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/santa-clara-county\">Santa Clara County\u003c/a> jury on Wednesday returned mostly guilty verdicts against a Los Gatos woman accused of hosting drunken parties with sexual activity for her teenage son and his friends, in what became known as the “Party Mom” case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A jury convicted Shannon O’Connor of 48 charges, including the most serious charges of sexually assaulting two girls by proxy because she allowed them to get so intoxicated that they were unable to consent. She was also found guilty of additional charges, including annoying and molesting a child and dissuading witnesses from testifying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ktvu.com/video/fmc-fbtmfdt48cx7bie6\">press conference\u003c/a> after the verdict reading, Santa Clara County District Attorney Jeff Rosen said O’Connor is likely to face 30 years or more in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This defendant took advantage of children, manipulated children, hurt children emotionally, mentally, physically and did that for her own perverse reasons,” Rosen said. “And today, there’s justice for what she had done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The verdict followed a four-month trial featuring testimony from some of the dozen-plus victims — many of whom were around 14 years old — who were invited to parties O’Connor hosted between 2020 and 2021 at her Los Gatos home, short-term rentals and hotels. Jurors viewed video recordings showing teenagers so intoxicated that they were falling over, vomiting and in some cases, losing consciousness, court records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors contended that O’Connor not only supplied alcohol but also fostered an environment where minors were vulnerable and facilitated sexual encounters that she sometimes watched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Connor would have rooms available at her parties for the minors to perform sexual acts, and pressure girls to go in, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://files.santaclaracounty.gov/exjcpb1551/migrated/SOF-O'Connor_0.pdf?VersionId=lib6tTnkU2qtAdvIwqesS6TvMF8AByWo\">statement of facts\u003c/a> by investigator Christina Hanks. At one party in December 2020, O’Connor was present when a boy digitally penetrated a girl in the hot tub while she was so intoxicated that she struggled to keep her head above water, Hanks wrote. At another, she handed an underage boy a condom and pushed him into a room with an intoxicated girl.[aside postID=news_12073875 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260208-superbowlsunday00908_TV_qed.jpg']The document also shows that O’Connor communicated with the teenagers on Snapchat, encouraging them to lie to their parents and discussing their sexual interests. She bullied and threatened to spread rumors about minors who broke her rule of not telling anyone about the parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the trial, O’Connor’s attorney, Stephen Prekoski, focused on disputing the most serious felony charges, including sexual assault-related charges, annoying and molesting a child charges, witness dissuasion and felony child endangerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s obviously not the result we were hoping for,” Prekoski told reporters outside the courthouse on Wednesday. He noted that O’Connor received four favorable verdicts, but said those were not the charges the defense considered their highest priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Connor was arrested in 2021 in Idaho and was extradited to Santa Clara County, where she has remained in jail for four and a half years. She pleaded not guilty to all charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She did not testify at trial. However, in December, she told \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2025/12/31/los-gatos-mom-party-shannon-oconnor-trial/\">\u003cem>The Mercury News\u003c/em>\u003c/a> she intended to create a “safe space” for teenagers struggling during pandemic lockdowns. She acknowledged poor judgment in allowing alcohol but denied criminal intent, arguing that the teens were incentivized to blame her in order to avoid consequences themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the guilty verdicts, O’Connor now faces decades in prison and will have to register as a sex offender. She will be sentenced later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/santa-clara-county\">Santa Clara County\u003c/a> jury on Wednesday returned mostly guilty verdicts against a Los Gatos woman accused of hosting drunken parties with sexual activity for her teenage son and his friends, in what became known as the “Party Mom” case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A jury convicted Shannon O’Connor of 48 charges, including the most serious charges of sexually assaulting two girls by proxy because she allowed them to get so intoxicated that they were unable to consent. She was also found guilty of additional charges, including annoying and molesting a child and dissuading witnesses from testifying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ktvu.com/video/fmc-fbtmfdt48cx7bie6\">press conference\u003c/a> after the verdict reading, Santa Clara County District Attorney Jeff Rosen said O’Connor is likely to face 30 years or more in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This defendant took advantage of children, manipulated children, hurt children emotionally, mentally, physically and did that for her own perverse reasons,” Rosen said. “And today, there’s justice for what she had done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The verdict followed a four-month trial featuring testimony from some of the dozen-plus victims — many of whom were around 14 years old — who were invited to parties O’Connor hosted between 2020 and 2021 at her Los Gatos home, short-term rentals and hotels. Jurors viewed video recordings showing teenagers so intoxicated that they were falling over, vomiting and in some cases, losing consciousness, court records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prosecutors contended that O’Connor not only supplied alcohol but also fostered an environment where minors were vulnerable and facilitated sexual encounters that she sometimes watched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Connor would have rooms available at her parties for the minors to perform sexual acts, and pressure girls to go in, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://files.santaclaracounty.gov/exjcpb1551/migrated/SOF-O'Connor_0.pdf?VersionId=lib6tTnkU2qtAdvIwqesS6TvMF8AByWo\">statement of facts\u003c/a> by investigator Christina Hanks. At one party in December 2020, O’Connor was present when a boy digitally penetrated a girl in the hot tub while she was so intoxicated that she struggled to keep her head above water, Hanks wrote. At another, she handed an underage boy a condom and pushed him into a room with an intoxicated girl.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The document also shows that O’Connor communicated with the teenagers on Snapchat, encouraging them to lie to their parents and discussing their sexual interests. She bullied and threatened to spread rumors about minors who broke her rule of not telling anyone about the parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the trial, O’Connor’s attorney, Stephen Prekoski, focused on disputing the most serious felony charges, including sexual assault-related charges, annoying and molesting a child charges, witness dissuasion and felony child endangerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s obviously not the result we were hoping for,” Prekoski told reporters outside the courthouse on Wednesday. He noted that O’Connor received four favorable verdicts, but said those were not the charges the defense considered their highest priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Connor was arrested in 2021 in Idaho and was extradited to Santa Clara County, where she has remained in jail for four and a half years. She pleaded not guilty to all charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She did not testify at trial. However, in December, she told \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2025/12/31/los-gatos-mom-party-shannon-oconnor-trial/\">\u003cem>The Mercury News\u003c/em>\u003c/a> she intended to create a “safe space” for teenagers struggling during pandemic lockdowns. She acknowledged poor judgment in allowing alcohol but denied criminal intent, arguing that the teens were incentivized to blame her in order to avoid consequences themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the guilty verdicts, O’Connor now faces decades in prison and will have to register as a sex offender. She will be sentenced later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>SUNNYVALE — Sitting on the sofa in her \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sunnyvale\">Sunnyvale\u003c/a> apartment, Aby Peña blew a kiss into her pink cellphone as she said goodbye to her husband, Ulises Peña López, 2,000 miles away in Uruapan, Mexico. It wasn’t their first call of the day, and it wouldn’t be their last. They’ve talked often since Ulises, 31, was deported in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been a year since the couple woke up together in this apartment and began what they thought would be a mundane morning of family errands. Ulises, a carpenter, went downstairs to warm up the car, while Aby got their then-3-year-old daughter Emily ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour later, Ulises would be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">in the emergency room\u003c/a> at El Camino Health in Mountain View, barely conscious, with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers stationed near his bed. His lawyers would later tell a court that ICE agents had beaten Ulises so severely he suffered a heart attack and a stroke, allegations the agency has denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Aby would be on the phone with the local Rapid Response Network, frantically trying to locate her husband while soothing her wailing daughter, who had watched from the window as the agents forced her father from the car at gunpoint, wrestled him into handcuffs and drove away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened that February day, in the early weeks of President Donald Trump’s second term, prefigured the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/10/13/nx-s1-5566785/ice-dhs-immigration-tactics-more-violent\">often-violent immigration arrests\u003c/a> that have unfolded across the country over the past year. And the lasting trauma, upheaval and financial strain for this one Bay Area family is an early example of how Trump’s campaign of mass deportation has upended life for countless American children and families in the months that followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, the right side of my body is paralyzed. I’ve lost vision and hearing and sensation,” Ulises said by phone from Mexico. “Before that day, I was a normal person working in construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 400,000 people were arrested by ICE last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-2-immigration-1st-year\">more than four times\u003c/a> the number in 2024. Public attention has focused on the crackdown in cities like Los Angeles and Minneapolis, where federal agents have killed at least two people and observers have documented their use of aggressive tactics. But even in Northern California, where a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061294/federal-immigration-agents-in-the-bay-what-we-know-and-dont-know\">planned Border Patrol\u003c/a> surge was called off at the last minute last fall, immigration arrests have more than doubled. Ulises’ detention was just one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña leaves her husband’s belongings as he left them at their home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the help of pro bono lawyers, Ulises has appealed his deportation and the family has filed personal injury claims against ICE. KQED reviewed legal filings in those cases, as well as government documents, and interviewed Ulises, Aby, their lawyers and outside experts about what the last year has been like for the family and how it illustrates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/12/25/nx-s1-5645006/how-trumps-mass-deportation-efforts-have-affected-families-this-year#:~:text=Transcript-,The%20centerpiece%20of%20the%20Trump%20administration's%20second%20term%20has%20been,Good%20morning.\">what is now unfolding\u003c/a> for tens of thousands of other families across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under previous administrations, ICE sometimes violated the civil rights of immigrants — and its own policies — said Elena Hodges, an immigration attorney with Pangea Legal Services who’s part of the team representing Ulises. But now the intensity is escalating, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This level of violence is becoming more common and is increasingly embraced as just the routine course of operations,” she said. “High-profile harms to people, where they end up in the hospital, their car window is smashed … that tracks with a new level of political acceptance and encouragement that we’re seeing from the Trump administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past year, the administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/policywatch/trump-administration-closes-three-dhs-offices-focused-on-civil-rights-and-oversight/\">dismantled\u003c/a> many of the internal watchdog offices at the Department of Homeland Security, enabling agents to act with impunity, said Doris Meissner, a senior fellow at the non-partisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we are seeing them be more aggressive and less likely to be called to account,” Meissner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The arrest\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It was a little after 7 a.m. on Feb. 21, 2025. Ulises was in the carport starting up his red Ford Explorer when unmarked SUVs suddenly blocked him in and armed men surrounded the car, shouting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when it all started,” Ulises said. He said officers yelled racist epithets, pushed him to the ground, kicked him, then yanked him up and handcuffed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said they did not show a warrant (the administrative warrant ICE eventually produced was dated four days after the arrest).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074621\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña sits in the kitchen at her home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Aby looked on in horror from the terrace outside their second-floor apartment as her daughter watched from the window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just remember seeing him shaking really bad,” she said. “I didn’t know, was it a panic attack or what was happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aby said she screamed to the agents that Ulises had a life-threatening medical condition and an important appointment the following day. Doctors had recently diagnosed a tear inside an artery in his neck that put him at risk of a stroke, court filings show. They were treating him with medications and closely monitoring him, Aby said. As the arrest was unfolding, she ran to the bathroom, threw his prescriptions in a plastic bag and handed them to an officer.[aside postID=news_12073728 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260218-George-Retes-01-KQED.jpg']Ulises said officers drove him to a nearby alley and beat him again, his hands still cuffed behind his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they were going to kill me,” he said. “Suddenly, I couldn’t feel anything. I couldn’t see anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He came to with an officer pressing on his chest, performing CPR. He heard another man call an ambulance. The next thing he knew, he was in the hospital, hooked up to tubes and wires and handcuffed to the bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s arrest report tells the story differently. There’s no mention of officers striking Ulises. The report said they handcuffed him without incident, but once he was in the ICE vehicle, Ulises told them he had a heart condition and “appeared to be panicking.” They gave him a pill from one of the prescription bottles, but he started coughing and spitting out pill fragments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE said Ulises threw up a red substance and began convulsing, at which point officers uncuffed him and laid him on the ground. He began “violently coughing up phlegm and grabbing his chest,” ICE said. When he lost consciousness, they performed chest compressions until an ambulance arrived, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE did not reply to requests for comment for this story. Last year, shortly after the arrest, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">responded\u003c/a> to KQED and denied mistreating Ulises. At the time, an ICE spokesperson called the allegation that Ulises was beaten by officers “absolutely inaccurate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The aftermath\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the hospital, according to Ulises’ appeal to the Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, “his hands and arms were bandaged, his face was swollen, and he could not move his right arm or hand.” A doctor indicated that Ulises had had a heart attack, the brief said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hodges, the attorney, said she waited many hours before ICE allowed her to see her client at the hospital — briefly, with armed officers present. Likewise, she said, ICE prevented him from speaking privately with doctors or his wife. When Aby was finally allowed 30 minutes with him the next morning, ICE officers took her cellphone away so she couldn’t photograph him, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, Ulises was transported to Golden State Annex, a privately run immigration jail in northern Kern County, where his lawyers say he didn’t receive consistent medication or meaningful follow-up care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074623\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Family photos hang on the wall at Aby Peña and Ulises Peña Lopez’s home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Peña Lopez was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the following days, ICE took Ulises to a local emergency room twice, for chest pain, trouble breathing and neurological symptoms. “A CT scan confirmed that he had had a stroke — either that day or during his arrest, or both,” according to his legal brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the nearly eight months Ulises spent in ICE detention, first at Golden State Annex and then east of Bakersfield at the California City Detention Center, his pain and neurological symptoms worsened, Hodges said. He suffered nightmares and flashbacks to the assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ICE officers’ physical assaults and verbal abuse during the arrest, “shock the conscience,” according to his claim for damages under the Federal Tort Claims Act. And California Democrats, including Silicon Valley Rep. Ro Khanna, have recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069220/south-bay-rep-ro-khanna-horrified-after-visit-to-california-city-ice-detention-center\">called out deplorable conditions\u003c/a> at ICE detention centers, including at California City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Ulises said, he walks with a cane, still in pain. Unable to work, he has no health insurance in Mexico. An aunt took him in. And Aby sends some money. But the doctors he needs are expensive, and a two-hour bus ride away in Morelia, the capital of Michoacan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m certain that if I had gotten adequate medical attention at the time, I wouldn’t be suffering like this now,” he said. “It would be a totally different story if I’d gotten care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Those left behind\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not only the physical ailments that linger. Aggressive immigration enforcement not only harms immigrants, but their family members, many of whom — like Aby and Emily — are U.S.-born citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abrupt family separations are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/66102/how-immigration-raids-traumatize-even-the-youngest-children\">traumatic for children\u003c/a>, said Dr. Lisa Fortuna, who chairs the psychiatry department at UC Riverside. But when a young child like Emily watches the violent arrest of a parent, the experience can leave lasting scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Providing treatment early and effectively can really help children,” Fortuna said. “But it is an emotional injury nonetheless, and it’s quite serious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074620\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074620\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña holds a pink dress she bought for her daughter’s next birthday at her home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike many children who witness immigration arrests, Emily sees a therapist. But the little girl who used to sleep peacefully now wakes up screaming nightly. She’s fearful of strangers and jumpy when a car door slams. A year on, she is still replaying the event in her mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did a video call just two days ago, and my daughter asked, ‘Papi, are the men going to come back and hit you again? Does it still hurt?’” Ulises said. “That just broke me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dislocation in Emily’s life only compounded after her father’s arrest. Aby, 32, who’d been a stay-at-home mom, had to go back to work as a licensed vocational nurse. Needing child care on an unpredictable schedule, she moved Emily in with her parents in Chico. Aby typically works three 14-hour shifts, then drives the four hours north to spend a couple of days with her daughter before starting the work week again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She doesn’t have me or her dad nearby now,” Aby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrangement runs counter to therapists’ suggestion that Emily’s recovery depends on a predictable routine, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s always having to say goodbye,” Aby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Aby is home in Sunnyvale, the apartment feels empty. Her daughter’s closet is still full of toys and small pink dresses. Her husband’s watch is still on his nightstand, his razor in the bathroom – comforting reminders of the life they used to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pair met a decade ago when she went to a restaurant where he was working. She was in nursing school, and he was training with the carpenters’ union. She admired that he was a hard worker and was happy to find that he loved to cook. When Emily was born, and Aby was recovering from a difficult pregnancy, Ulises soothed the baby to sleep on his chest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ulises was 18 when he came to the U.S. in 2013. According to his appeal to the Ninth Circuit, he was fleeing the Jalisco Cartel after its members extorted his family and beat him, then — when he reported it to the police — murdered his uncle and cousins. Lawyer Priya Patel, with the California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice, believes Ulises should have been considered for asylum at the time. Instead, he was swiftly deported under an expedited removal order. He crossed the border again, undetected, came to the Bay Area and built a life, unaware of that deportation order or the fact that it could be reinstated at any time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal documents show that early last year, ICE’s Law Enforcement Support Center flagged Ulises’ whereabouts for the San Francisco field office. The ICE arrest report mentions several misdemeanor convictions from his 20s. The most serious is a 2019 assault. Patel said Ulises pleaded no contest, following a verbal fight with his wife after he’d been out drinking. He was given a suspended sentence, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña speaks by phone with her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, from their home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Peña Lopez was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There are four convictions, none of them resulted in jail time, other than one day,” Patel said. “And none of it involved physical violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, the convictions may have marked Ulises as a target for ICE, under priorities spelled out by Trump’s border czar Tom Homan early last year to focus on convicted criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan’s pledge to stay focused on the “worst of the worst” \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071374/under-trump-ice-is-far-more-likely-to-arrest-people-with-no-criminal-record-data-shows\">buckled\u003c/a> in the face of Trump’s call for a million deportations in his first year, though. As of Jan. 6, just \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-2-immigration-1st-year\">one in four people\u003c/a> in ICE detention had a criminal conviction, according to the Migration Policy Institute. Ulises’ misdemeanors put him in that category.[aside postID=news_12073215 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/CORECIVICCALCITY2-KQED.jpg']That’s likely to make his appeal harder. But his lawyers hope to convince the judges of the Ninth Circuit that Ulises was deported without due consideration of the risk of persecution he faced in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Aby keeps working to support her daughter and herself and help Ulises get the medical care he needs in Mexico. She wonders if she should move to Chico to be with Emily. And then she wonders if she and Emily should move to Mexico to be with Ulises — though he doesn’t want his daughter to grow up there. Mostly, she’s hoping against hope that her husband will someday be able to return to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trauma and strain Aby, Ulises and Emily are experiencing, a year after the arrest, is multiplied thousands of times across the country, as the government’s mass deportation campaign continues, said Fortuna, the psychiatry professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a public health issue,” she said. “It’s creating psychological distress, at minimum, for youth and children and families and whole communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the future uncertain, Aby and Ulises try to stay connected through frequent calls and — when his internet connection is strong enough — video chats. And both agree, their prime motivation is ensuring Emily gets well and has a bright future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whenever I call them, I can hear their smiles,” Ulises said. “I know what it means to be a parent: Your children are the engine that drives you, and you never give up. And that’s how it is for my wife and me. Whatever happens, we’re not giving up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SUNNYVALE — Sitting on the sofa in her \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sunnyvale\">Sunnyvale\u003c/a> apartment, Aby Peña blew a kiss into her pink cellphone as she said goodbye to her husband, Ulises Peña López, 2,000 miles away in Uruapan, Mexico. It wasn’t their first call of the day, and it wouldn’t be their last. They’ve talked often since Ulises, 31, was deported in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been a year since the couple woke up together in this apartment and began what they thought would be a mundane morning of family errands. Ulises, a carpenter, went downstairs to warm up the car, while Aby got their then-3-year-old daughter Emily ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour later, Ulises would be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">in the emergency room\u003c/a> at El Camino Health in Mountain View, barely conscious, with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers stationed near his bed. His lawyers would later tell a court that ICE agents had beaten Ulises so severely he suffered a heart attack and a stroke, allegations the agency has denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Aby would be on the phone with the local Rapid Response Network, frantically trying to locate her husband while soothing her wailing daughter, who had watched from the window as the agents forced her father from the car at gunpoint, wrestled him into handcuffs and drove away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened that February day, in the early weeks of President Donald Trump’s second term, prefigured the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/10/13/nx-s1-5566785/ice-dhs-immigration-tactics-more-violent\">often-violent immigration arrests\u003c/a> that have unfolded across the country over the past year. And the lasting trauma, upheaval and financial strain for this one Bay Area family is an early example of how Trump’s campaign of mass deportation has upended life for countless American children and families in the months that followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, the right side of my body is paralyzed. I’ve lost vision and hearing and sensation,” Ulises said by phone from Mexico. “Before that day, I was a normal person working in construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 400,000 people were arrested by ICE last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-2-immigration-1st-year\">more than four times\u003c/a> the number in 2024. Public attention has focused on the crackdown in cities like Los Angeles and Minneapolis, where federal agents have killed at least two people and observers have documented their use of aggressive tactics. But even in Northern California, where a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061294/federal-immigration-agents-in-the-bay-what-we-know-and-dont-know\">planned Border Patrol\u003c/a> surge was called off at the last minute last fall, immigration arrests have more than doubled. Ulises’ detention was just one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña leaves her husband’s belongings as he left them at their home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the help of pro bono lawyers, Ulises has appealed his deportation and the family has filed personal injury claims against ICE. KQED reviewed legal filings in those cases, as well as government documents, and interviewed Ulises, Aby, their lawyers and outside experts about what the last year has been like for the family and how it illustrates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/12/25/nx-s1-5645006/how-trumps-mass-deportation-efforts-have-affected-families-this-year#:~:text=Transcript-,The%20centerpiece%20of%20the%20Trump%20administration's%20second%20term%20has%20been,Good%20morning.\">what is now unfolding\u003c/a> for tens of thousands of other families across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under previous administrations, ICE sometimes violated the civil rights of immigrants — and its own policies — said Elena Hodges, an immigration attorney with Pangea Legal Services who’s part of the team representing Ulises. But now the intensity is escalating, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This level of violence is becoming more common and is increasingly embraced as just the routine course of operations,” she said. “High-profile harms to people, where they end up in the hospital, their car window is smashed … that tracks with a new level of political acceptance and encouragement that we’re seeing from the Trump administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past year, the administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/policywatch/trump-administration-closes-three-dhs-offices-focused-on-civil-rights-and-oversight/\">dismantled\u003c/a> many of the internal watchdog offices at the Department of Homeland Security, enabling agents to act with impunity, said Doris Meissner, a senior fellow at the non-partisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we are seeing them be more aggressive and less likely to be called to account,” Meissner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The arrest\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It was a little after 7 a.m. on Feb. 21, 2025. Ulises was in the carport starting up his red Ford Explorer when unmarked SUVs suddenly blocked him in and armed men surrounded the car, shouting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when it all started,” Ulises said. He said officers yelled racist epithets, pushed him to the ground, kicked him, then yanked him up and handcuffed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said they did not show a warrant (the administrative warrant ICE eventually produced was dated four days after the arrest).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074621\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña sits in the kitchen at her home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Aby looked on in horror from the terrace outside their second-floor apartment as her daughter watched from the window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just remember seeing him shaking really bad,” she said. “I didn’t know, was it a panic attack or what was happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aby said she screamed to the agents that Ulises had a life-threatening medical condition and an important appointment the following day. Doctors had recently diagnosed a tear inside an artery in his neck that put him at risk of a stroke, court filings show. They were treating him with medications and closely monitoring him, Aby said. As the arrest was unfolding, she ran to the bathroom, threw his prescriptions in a plastic bag and handed them to an officer.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ulises said officers drove him to a nearby alley and beat him again, his hands still cuffed behind his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they were going to kill me,” he said. “Suddenly, I couldn’t feel anything. I couldn’t see anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He came to with an officer pressing on his chest, performing CPR. He heard another man call an ambulance. The next thing he knew, he was in the hospital, hooked up to tubes and wires and handcuffed to the bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s arrest report tells the story differently. There’s no mention of officers striking Ulises. The report said they handcuffed him without incident, but once he was in the ICE vehicle, Ulises told them he had a heart condition and “appeared to be panicking.” They gave him a pill from one of the prescription bottles, but he started coughing and spitting out pill fragments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE said Ulises threw up a red substance and began convulsing, at which point officers uncuffed him and laid him on the ground. He began “violently coughing up phlegm and grabbing his chest,” ICE said. When he lost consciousness, they performed chest compressions until an ambulance arrived, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE did not reply to requests for comment for this story. Last year, shortly after the arrest, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">responded\u003c/a> to KQED and denied mistreating Ulises. At the time, an ICE spokesperson called the allegation that Ulises was beaten by officers “absolutely inaccurate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The aftermath\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the hospital, according to Ulises’ appeal to the Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, “his hands and arms were bandaged, his face was swollen, and he could not move his right arm or hand.” A doctor indicated that Ulises had had a heart attack, the brief said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hodges, the attorney, said she waited many hours before ICE allowed her to see her client at the hospital — briefly, with armed officers present. Likewise, she said, ICE prevented him from speaking privately with doctors or his wife. When Aby was finally allowed 30 minutes with him the next morning, ICE officers took her cellphone away so she couldn’t photograph him, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, Ulises was transported to Golden State Annex, a privately run immigration jail in northern Kern County, where his lawyers say he didn’t receive consistent medication or meaningful follow-up care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074623\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Family photos hang on the wall at Aby Peña and Ulises Peña Lopez’s home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Peña Lopez was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the following days, ICE took Ulises to a local emergency room twice, for chest pain, trouble breathing and neurological symptoms. “A CT scan confirmed that he had had a stroke — either that day or during his arrest, or both,” according to his legal brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the nearly eight months Ulises spent in ICE detention, first at Golden State Annex and then east of Bakersfield at the California City Detention Center, his pain and neurological symptoms worsened, Hodges said. He suffered nightmares and flashbacks to the assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ICE officers’ physical assaults and verbal abuse during the arrest, “shock the conscience,” according to his claim for damages under the Federal Tort Claims Act. And California Democrats, including Silicon Valley Rep. Ro Khanna, have recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069220/south-bay-rep-ro-khanna-horrified-after-visit-to-california-city-ice-detention-center\">called out deplorable conditions\u003c/a> at ICE detention centers, including at California City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Ulises said, he walks with a cane, still in pain. Unable to work, he has no health insurance in Mexico. An aunt took him in. And Aby sends some money. But the doctors he needs are expensive, and a two-hour bus ride away in Morelia, the capital of Michoacan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m certain that if I had gotten adequate medical attention at the time, I wouldn’t be suffering like this now,” he said. “It would be a totally different story if I’d gotten care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Those left behind\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not only the physical ailments that linger. Aggressive immigration enforcement not only harms immigrants, but their family members, many of whom — like Aby and Emily — are U.S.-born citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abrupt family separations are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/66102/how-immigration-raids-traumatize-even-the-youngest-children\">traumatic for children\u003c/a>, said Dr. Lisa Fortuna, who chairs the psychiatry department at UC Riverside. But when a young child like Emily watches the violent arrest of a parent, the experience can leave lasting scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Providing treatment early and effectively can really help children,” Fortuna said. “But it is an emotional injury nonetheless, and it’s quite serious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074620\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074620\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña holds a pink dress she bought for her daughter’s next birthday at her home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike many children who witness immigration arrests, Emily sees a therapist. But the little girl who used to sleep peacefully now wakes up screaming nightly. She’s fearful of strangers and jumpy when a car door slams. A year on, she is still replaying the event in her mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did a video call just two days ago, and my daughter asked, ‘Papi, are the men going to come back and hit you again? Does it still hurt?’” Ulises said. “That just broke me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dislocation in Emily’s life only compounded after her father’s arrest. Aby, 32, who’d been a stay-at-home mom, had to go back to work as a licensed vocational nurse. Needing child care on an unpredictable schedule, she moved Emily in with her parents in Chico. Aby typically works three 14-hour shifts, then drives the four hours north to spend a couple of days with her daughter before starting the work week again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She doesn’t have me or her dad nearby now,” Aby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrangement runs counter to therapists’ suggestion that Emily’s recovery depends on a predictable routine, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s always having to say goodbye,” Aby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Aby is home in Sunnyvale, the apartment feels empty. Her daughter’s closet is still full of toys and small pink dresses. Her husband’s watch is still on his nightstand, his razor in the bathroom – comforting reminders of the life they used to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pair met a decade ago when she went to a restaurant where he was working. She was in nursing school, and he was training with the carpenters’ union. She admired that he was a hard worker and was happy to find that he loved to cook. When Emily was born, and Aby was recovering from a difficult pregnancy, Ulises soothed the baby to sleep on his chest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ulises was 18 when he came to the U.S. in 2013. According to his appeal to the Ninth Circuit, he was fleeing the Jalisco Cartel after its members extorted his family and beat him, then — when he reported it to the police — murdered his uncle and cousins. Lawyer Priya Patel, with the California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice, believes Ulises should have been considered for asylum at the time. Instead, he was swiftly deported under an expedited removal order. He crossed the border again, undetected, came to the Bay Area and built a life, unaware of that deportation order or the fact that it could be reinstated at any time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal documents show that early last year, ICE’s Law Enforcement Support Center flagged Ulises’ whereabouts for the San Francisco field office. The ICE arrest report mentions several misdemeanor convictions from his 20s. The most serious is a 2019 assault. Patel said Ulises pleaded no contest, following a verbal fight with his wife after he’d been out drinking. He was given a suspended sentence, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña speaks by phone with her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, from their home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Peña Lopez was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There are four convictions, none of them resulted in jail time, other than one day,” Patel said. “And none of it involved physical violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, the convictions may have marked Ulises as a target for ICE, under priorities spelled out by Trump’s border czar Tom Homan early last year to focus on convicted criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan’s pledge to stay focused on the “worst of the worst” \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071374/under-trump-ice-is-far-more-likely-to-arrest-people-with-no-criminal-record-data-shows\">buckled\u003c/a> in the face of Trump’s call for a million deportations in his first year, though. As of Jan. 6, just \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-2-immigration-1st-year\">one in four people\u003c/a> in ICE detention had a criminal conviction, according to the Migration Policy Institute. Ulises’ misdemeanors put him in that category.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That’s likely to make his appeal harder. But his lawyers hope to convince the judges of the Ninth Circuit that Ulises was deported without due consideration of the risk of persecution he faced in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Aby keeps working to support her daughter and herself and help Ulises get the medical care he needs in Mexico. She wonders if she should move to Chico to be with Emily. And then she wonders if she and Emily should move to Mexico to be with Ulises — though he doesn’t want his daughter to grow up there. Mostly, she’s hoping against hope that her husband will someday be able to return to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trauma and strain Aby, Ulises and Emily are experiencing, a year after the arrest, is multiplied thousands of times across the country, as the government’s mass deportation campaign continues, said Fortuna, the psychiatry professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a public health issue,” she said. “It’s creating psychological distress, at minimum, for youth and children and families and whole communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the future uncertain, Aby and Ulises try to stay connected through frequent calls and — when his internet connection is strong enough — video chats. And both agree, their prime motivation is ensuring Emily gets well and has a bright future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whenever I call them, I can hear their smiles,” Ulises said. “I know what it means to be a parent: Your children are the engine that drives you, and you never give up. And that’s how it is for my wife and me. Whatever happens, we’re not giving up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "democratic-candidates-for-california-governor-defy-pressure-to-end-campaigns",
"title": "Democratic Candidates for California Governor Defy Pressure to End Campaigns",
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"headTitle": "Democratic Candidates for California Governor Defy Pressure to End Campaigns | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Low-polling Democratic \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074679/new-poll-finds-race-for-california-governor-remains-deadlocked\">candidates for governor\u003c/a> of California struck a defiant tone on Tuesday in the face of mounting pressure from party leaders to drop out before a key deadline this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With nine major Democrats still vying for the state’s top job, party insiders have fretted for weeks about a splintered primary vote that could result in the two leading Republicans — commentator \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071133/former-fox-news-host-steve-hilton-lays-out-vision-for-california-governorship\">Steve Hilton\u003c/a> and Riverside County Sheriff Chad Bianco — finishing first and second in the June 2 primary and ensuring a GOP victor in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://cadem.org/open-letter-to-the-democratic-candidates-for-governor/\">open letter\u003c/a> to campaigns published Tuesday, California Democratic Party Chair Rusty Hicks called that scenario implausible, but “not impossible” and urged Democratic candidates to make an honest assessment of their chances before Friday — the deadline to file and officially appear on the ballot in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you do not have a viable path to make it to the General Election, do not file to place your name on the ballot for the Primary Election,” Hicks wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But candidates who have been mired in single-digits for months, including State Superintendent of Public Instruction \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11962489/california-education-chief-tony-thurmond-announces-run-for-governor-in-2026-race\">Tony Thurmond\u003c/a> and former state Controller \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073301/former-state-controller-betty-yee-says-shes-the-best-gubernatorial-candidate-to-fix-californias-budget-deficit\">Betty Yee\u003c/a>, showed no immediate signs of heading toward the exits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Alameda County Registrar of Voters office in Oakland, Yee filed the paperwork to officially place her name on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071108\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260226-GOVRACEFORUM-67-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260226-GOVRACEFORUM-67-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260226-GOVRACEFORUM-67-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260226-GOVRACEFORUM-67-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Yee, former California State Controller, speaks during a state gubernatorial forum at the UCSF Mission Bay campus in San Francisco on Jan. 26, 2026. The Urban League of the Bay Area hosted the forum. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When I was signing the declaration of candidacy, my hands were shaking, because I just thought about my mother, who is 102, and how within a generation she’s able to see her daughter do this,” Yee told KQED. “We’re undergoing a process of constant assessment, and every time we do that, we just see that this is still a wide-open race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thurmond, who is Black and Latino, accused the state party of “essentially telling every candidate of color in the race for governor to drop out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aren’t we supposed to be the party who embraces democracy — a party of, by, and for the people?” Thurmond said in \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/TonyThurmond/status/2028941112845713495\">a video\u003c/a> posted to social media. “Well, the establishment might not be, but our campaign is, and that’s why we’re in this race to win it.”[aside postID=news_12074679 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-GAZA-DEMS-GH-09-KQED.jpg']Hicks did not call on any specific candidates to leave the race, but asked those who continue their campaigns beyond this week to “be prepared to suspend your campaign and endorse another candidate on or before April 15 if your campaign cannot show meaningful progress towards winning the Primary Election in the coming weeks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chair’s plea comes weeks after Democratic delegates failed to agree on an endorsement at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073986/california-democrats-descend-on-sf-as-party-rifts-emerge\">state party convention\u003c/a> in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, polling in the race has been largely static, with investor Tom Steyer (who has spent tens of millions of dollars on television ads) being the only Democrat to see significant traction in recent surveys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Eric Swalwell, former Rep. Katie Porter and Steyer were the top polling Democrats in polls released last month by Emerson College and the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below that trio is a crowded field of Democratic hopefuls that includes Thurmond and Yee, along with former Health and Human Services Secretary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074132/xavier-becerra-on-why-his-upbringing-and-career-give-him-an-edge-over-other-gubernatorial-candidates\">Xavier Becerra\u003c/a>, former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, San José Mayor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071306/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-announces-run-for-california-governor\">Matt Mahan\u003c/a> and former Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073866/californias-first-millennial-lawmaker-ian-calderon-makes-his-case-for-governor\">Ian Calderon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Hilton and Bianco have faced little competition for the Republican primary vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jon Slavet, a GOP tech entrepreneur who was polling at around 1%, suspended his campaign on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072282\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12072282\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CAGovDebateAP1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CAGovDebateAP1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CAGovDebateAP1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CAGovDebateAP1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Xavier Becerra, Steve Hilton, Matt Mahan, Tom Steyer, Tony Thurmond, Antonio Villaraigosa and Betty Yee stand on the stage during the California gubernatorial candidate debate on Tuesday, Feb. 3, 2026, in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Laure Andrillon/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The last few months have been a gift,” said Slavet, in a video posted on social media. “It’s also shown me that building a winning coalition, brick by brick, will take time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Slavet out of the field, a primary election \u003ca href=\"https://toptwoca.com/\">simulator\u003c/a> created by Paul Mitchell, vice president of Political Data Inc., \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/paulmitche11/status/2028854561059053751?s=20\">put the chances\u003c/a> of a Republican vs. Republican general election at roughly 25%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his letter, Hicks said a Bianco-Hilton general election would not only upend Democratic leadership of state government, but also depress Democratic turnout in the California congressional districts that the party is hoping to flip in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The result would present a real risk to winning the congressional seats required and imperil Democrats’ chances to retake the House, cut Donald Trump’s term in half, and spare our Nation from the pain many have endured since January 2025,” Hicks wrote. “We simply can’t let that happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Low-polling Democratic \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074679/new-poll-finds-race-for-california-governor-remains-deadlocked\">candidates for governor\u003c/a> of California struck a defiant tone on Tuesday in the face of mounting pressure from party leaders to drop out before a key deadline this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With nine major Democrats still vying for the state’s top job, party insiders have fretted for weeks about a splintered primary vote that could result in the two leading Republicans — commentator \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071133/former-fox-news-host-steve-hilton-lays-out-vision-for-california-governorship\">Steve Hilton\u003c/a> and Riverside County Sheriff Chad Bianco — finishing first and second in the June 2 primary and ensuring a GOP victor in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://cadem.org/open-letter-to-the-democratic-candidates-for-governor/\">open letter\u003c/a> to campaigns published Tuesday, California Democratic Party Chair Rusty Hicks called that scenario implausible, but “not impossible” and urged Democratic candidates to make an honest assessment of their chances before Friday — the deadline to file and officially appear on the ballot in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you do not have a viable path to make it to the General Election, do not file to place your name on the ballot for the Primary Election,” Hicks wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But candidates who have been mired in single-digits for months, including State Superintendent of Public Instruction \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11962489/california-education-chief-tony-thurmond-announces-run-for-governor-in-2026-race\">Tony Thurmond\u003c/a> and former state Controller \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073301/former-state-controller-betty-yee-says-shes-the-best-gubernatorial-candidate-to-fix-californias-budget-deficit\">Betty Yee\u003c/a>, showed no immediate signs of heading toward the exits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Alameda County Registrar of Voters office in Oakland, Yee filed the paperwork to officially place her name on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071108\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260226-GOVRACEFORUM-67-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260226-GOVRACEFORUM-67-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260226-GOVRACEFORUM-67-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260226-GOVRACEFORUM-67-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Yee, former California State Controller, speaks during a state gubernatorial forum at the UCSF Mission Bay campus in San Francisco on Jan. 26, 2026. The Urban League of the Bay Area hosted the forum. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When I was signing the declaration of candidacy, my hands were shaking, because I just thought about my mother, who is 102, and how within a generation she’s able to see her daughter do this,” Yee told KQED. “We’re undergoing a process of constant assessment, and every time we do that, we just see that this is still a wide-open race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thurmond, who is Black and Latino, accused the state party of “essentially telling every candidate of color in the race for governor to drop out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aren’t we supposed to be the party who embraces democracy — a party of, by, and for the people?” Thurmond said in \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/TonyThurmond/status/2028941112845713495\">a video\u003c/a> posted to social media. “Well, the establishment might not be, but our campaign is, and that’s why we’re in this race to win it.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Hicks did not call on any specific candidates to leave the race, but asked those who continue their campaigns beyond this week to “be prepared to suspend your campaign and endorse another candidate on or before April 15 if your campaign cannot show meaningful progress towards winning the Primary Election in the coming weeks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chair’s plea comes weeks after Democratic delegates failed to agree on an endorsement at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073986/california-democrats-descend-on-sf-as-party-rifts-emerge\">state party convention\u003c/a> in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, polling in the race has been largely static, with investor Tom Steyer (who has spent tens of millions of dollars on television ads) being the only Democrat to see significant traction in recent surveys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Eric Swalwell, former Rep. Katie Porter and Steyer were the top polling Democrats in polls released last month by Emerson College and the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below that trio is a crowded field of Democratic hopefuls that includes Thurmond and Yee, along with former Health and Human Services Secretary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074132/xavier-becerra-on-why-his-upbringing-and-career-give-him-an-edge-over-other-gubernatorial-candidates\">Xavier Becerra\u003c/a>, former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, San José Mayor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071306/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-announces-run-for-california-governor\">Matt Mahan\u003c/a> and former Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073866/californias-first-millennial-lawmaker-ian-calderon-makes-his-case-for-governor\">Ian Calderon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Hilton and Bianco have faced little competition for the Republican primary vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jon Slavet, a GOP tech entrepreneur who was polling at around 1%, suspended his campaign on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072282\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12072282\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CAGovDebateAP1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CAGovDebateAP1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CAGovDebateAP1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CAGovDebateAP1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Xavier Becerra, Steve Hilton, Matt Mahan, Tom Steyer, Tony Thurmond, Antonio Villaraigosa and Betty Yee stand on the stage during the California gubernatorial candidate debate on Tuesday, Feb. 3, 2026, in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Laure Andrillon/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The last few months have been a gift,” said Slavet, in a video posted on social media. “It’s also shown me that building a winning coalition, brick by brick, will take time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Slavet out of the field, a primary election \u003ca href=\"https://toptwoca.com/\">simulator\u003c/a> created by Paul Mitchell, vice president of Political Data Inc., \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/paulmitche11/status/2028854561059053751?s=20\">put the chances\u003c/a> of a Republican vs. Republican general election at roughly 25%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his letter, Hicks said a Bianco-Hilton general election would not only upend Democratic leadership of state government, but also depress Democratic turnout in the California congressional districts that the party is hoping to flip in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The result would present a real risk to winning the congressional seats required and imperil Democrats’ chances to retake the House, cut Donald Trump’s term in half, and spare our Nation from the pain many have endured since January 2025,” Hicks wrote. “We simply can’t let that happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "advocates-worry-california-immigrant-truckers-still-face-uncertainty-after-license-debacle",
"title": "Advocates Worry California Immigrant Truckers Still Face Uncertainty After License Debacle",
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"headTitle": "Advocates Worry California Immigrant Truckers Still Face Uncertainty After License Debacle | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Advocates for about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074694/judge-says-california-must-allow-20000-immigrant-drivers-to-reapply-for-commercial-licenses\">20,000 immigrants facing the cancellation\u003c/a> of their commercial driver’s licenses due to an administrative error worried that a California judge’s recent ruling would not be enough to protect those impacted from financial harm and continued uncertainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Karin Schwartz in Alameda County ordered the DMV on Tuesday to issue corrected licenses to eligible drivers within a reasonable timeframe, according to state law, even as the Trump administration threatened to punish California if it did so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Impacted truckers, transit and municipal drivers — including many Indian Sikh asylum seekers who have valid federal work permits — could still lose driving privileges and income as the DMV, which plans to revoke the licenses on March 6, complies with the judge’s ruling with no set deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are disappointed that the DMV has not been required to provide immediate relief,” said Deep Singh, executive director of the Jakara Movement, in a statement. The Fresno-based nonprofit sued the DMV in December, along with several drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We strongly urge the DMV to automatically correct these licenses without requiring impacted drivers to reapply, repay fees, or jump through additional bureaucratic hurdles,” he said. “The onus falls on the state to correct its own errors in order to prevent further harm to our immigrant communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DMV did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency argued in Alameda County Superior Court that the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, which oversees the state’s commercial licensing program, ordered it to stop issuing the contested cards until a compliance review is finished. FMCSA first uncovered clerical errors that produced licenses that expired after the holders’ work authorization.[aside postID=news_12074694 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/ImmigrantTruckLicensesAP.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defying the federal government’s directive means California could lose funding and its authority to license hundreds of thousands more commercial drivers, state attorneys said. Transportation officials already penalized California by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069236/retribution-bay-area-lawmakers-slam-160-million-loss-in-federal-highway-funds\">withholding $158 million\u003c/a> for highway safety over the issue, a decision the state challenged in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz acknowledged the federal conflicts, but ruled the DMV must post on or before March 6 an update on its website alerting drivers that they can immediately reapply, and issue licenses to lawful applicants within a reasonable time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Petitioners have demonstrated that the manner in which their commercial drivers licenses (“CDLs”) were cancelled — without a right to challenge cancellation, to reapply, or to request a hearing — violated state law requirements,” Schwartz wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision followed a new U.S. Department of Transportation rule published last month, which excludes an estimated 190,000 immigrants from holding commercial driver’s licenses, arguing it will improve public safety after a series of fatal highway collisions involving noncitizen truckers. Drivers and unions sued, aiming to block that regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before federal changes, states issued non-domiciled commercial driver’s licenses to immigrants who passed knowledge and driving tests and presented valid federal work permits, but who did not have a green card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, the DMV sent 17,300 non-domiciled commercial drivers 60-day cancellation letters that did not offer a way to challenge the revocations or submit updated work permit records. The agency later notified an additional 2,700 drivers that their licenses would also be canceled without recourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By mid-December, DMV officials said they \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12067557/california-plans-to-reissue-contested-drivers-licenses-to-thousands-of-immigrants\">had planned\u003c/a> to start reissuing the contested licenses, but paused after the FMCSA said it may not do so yet. After public uproar, the DMV extended the revocation dates to March 6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A state judge ordered the Department of Motor Vehicles to reissue non-domiciled commercial driver’s licenses, which were set to be canceled under pressure from the Trump administration. It’s unclear when drivers will regain their licenses.",
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"title": "Advocates Worry California Immigrant Truckers Still Face Uncertainty After License Debacle | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Advocates for about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074694/judge-says-california-must-allow-20000-immigrant-drivers-to-reapply-for-commercial-licenses\">20,000 immigrants facing the cancellation\u003c/a> of their commercial driver’s licenses due to an administrative error worried that a California judge’s recent ruling would not be enough to protect those impacted from financial harm and continued uncertainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Karin Schwartz in Alameda County ordered the DMV on Tuesday to issue corrected licenses to eligible drivers within a reasonable timeframe, according to state law, even as the Trump administration threatened to punish California if it did so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Impacted truckers, transit and municipal drivers — including many Indian Sikh asylum seekers who have valid federal work permits — could still lose driving privileges and income as the DMV, which plans to revoke the licenses on March 6, complies with the judge’s ruling with no set deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are disappointed that the DMV has not been required to provide immediate relief,” said Deep Singh, executive director of the Jakara Movement, in a statement. The Fresno-based nonprofit sued the DMV in December, along with several drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We strongly urge the DMV to automatically correct these licenses without requiring impacted drivers to reapply, repay fees, or jump through additional bureaucratic hurdles,” he said. “The onus falls on the state to correct its own errors in order to prevent further harm to our immigrant communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DMV did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency argued in Alameda County Superior Court that the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, which oversees the state’s commercial licensing program, ordered it to stop issuing the contested cards until a compliance review is finished. FMCSA first uncovered clerical errors that produced licenses that expired after the holders’ work authorization.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defying the federal government’s directive means California could lose funding and its authority to license hundreds of thousands more commercial drivers, state attorneys said. Transportation officials already penalized California by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069236/retribution-bay-area-lawmakers-slam-160-million-loss-in-federal-highway-funds\">withholding $158 million\u003c/a> for highway safety over the issue, a decision the state challenged in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz acknowledged the federal conflicts, but ruled the DMV must post on or before March 6 an update on its website alerting drivers that they can immediately reapply, and issue licenses to lawful applicants within a reasonable time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Petitioners have demonstrated that the manner in which their commercial drivers licenses (“CDLs”) were cancelled — without a right to challenge cancellation, to reapply, or to request a hearing — violated state law requirements,” Schwartz wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision followed a new U.S. Department of Transportation rule published last month, which excludes an estimated 190,000 immigrants from holding commercial driver’s licenses, arguing it will improve public safety after a series of fatal highway collisions involving noncitizen truckers. Drivers and unions sued, aiming to block that regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before federal changes, states issued non-domiciled commercial driver’s licenses to immigrants who passed knowledge and driving tests and presented valid federal work permits, but who did not have a green card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, the DMV sent 17,300 non-domiciled commercial drivers 60-day cancellation letters that did not offer a way to challenge the revocations or submit updated work permit records. The agency later notified an additional 2,700 drivers that their licenses would also be canceled without recourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By mid-December, DMV officials said they \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12067557/california-plans-to-reissue-contested-drivers-licenses-to-thousands-of-immigrants\">had planned\u003c/a> to start reissuing the contested licenses, but paused after the FMCSA said it may not do so yet. After public uproar, the DMV extended the revocation dates to March 6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Advocates Fear Supreme Court Is ‘Going After the Transgender Community Deliberately’",
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"content": "\u003cp>An emergency Supreme Court ruling to temporarily bar California from enforcing a state law that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021521/new-year-new-law-know-more-about-your-rights-as-a-trans-student-in-california-schools\">prevents public schools from outing transgender students\u003c/a> has advocates raising concerns about its potential to further roll back protections for transgender youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s conservative majority on Monday sided with a group of Christian parents who alleged that the law violates their religious and due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision comes as the court also considers this spring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069570/california-advocates-fearful-as-supreme-court-weighs-bans-of-trans-student-athletes\">whether to bar transgender girls\u003c/a> from participating in public school sports and strike down a law \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-539_3f14.pdf\">banning conversion therapy\u003c/a> for minors in Colorado. Last year, the court upheld a law barring some gender-affirming care for minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the fifth anti-trans decision that the Supreme Court has done,” said Jorge Reyes Salinas, the communications director for Equality California. “It is disappointing, and it is alarming that the Supreme Court has chosen to do this and once again disregard the safety and well-being and privacy of transgender people, specifically transgender youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is very clear to the American people that the Supreme Court is going after the transgender community deliberately,” he continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960230\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960230\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED.jpg\" alt='A crowd of people in an indoor setting including some holding signs, one of which reads \"Let Queer & Trans Kids Be Kids Too!\"' width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People hold up signs in support of gay and transgender student rights during the Chino Valley Unified School District board meeting at Don Lugo High School in Chino on Thursday night, July 20, 2023. \u003ccite>(Will Lester/MediaNews Group/Inland Valley Daily Bulletin via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California law in question, enacted in 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12019618/california-bans-schools-from-forcing-teachers-to-out-lgbtq-students\">prevents schools\u003c/a> from automatically fulfilling parents’ requests for information if their child changes their pronouns or gender expression at school. This week’s ruling blocks the state from enforcing the law as it is challenged in lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, a group of parents and teachers opposed the policy in District Court, and in December, a federal judge ruled that school officials cannot withhold such information about students if parents request it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, a three-judge panel of appellate judges temporarily blocked that District Court order pending a challenge by California Attorney General Rob Bonta, who said the lower court misunderstood state law. He said it is “far from categorically forbidding disclosure of information about students’ gender identities to parents,” and that it allows, and in some cases requires, disclosure when there is a risk of serious harm to a student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta has also argued that violating students’ “reasonable expectation of privacy” by disclosing information without their consent is a form of sex discrimination violating the state Equal Protection Clause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appellate panel sided with Bonta in a preliminary ruling, temporarily blocking the lower court’s decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heron Greenesmith, the deputy director of policy for the Transgender Law Center, said the Supreme Court’s decision to halt enforcement of the law prevents schools from ensuring that students are safe.[aside postID=news_12065312 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/LYFY_WEB_Ep3_A.png']“School districts can go ahead and enact policies saying that students must be outed to people in their life, regardless of safety, moving forward,” they told KQED. “Trans youth deserve autonomy, trans youth deserve safety. And if the people who are physically in control of them do not have their best interests or safety in mind, it is up to other adults in that youth’s life to help that youth access better safety. That’s what the California law is doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, State Sen. Scott Wiener called the decision “dangerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The issue of forced outing has life or death consequences for far too many LGBTQ kids,” he said via email. “Some will die. Some will get kicked out and become homeless. Some will be sent to conversion therapy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents challenging the law have suggested the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two parents who signed onto the suit allege that they were not informed that their middle-school-aged child had started to use male pronouns and changed his name at school until he attempted suicide and was hospitalized. Another set of parents said that they confronted school leaders about using their child’s preferred pronouns and name, and were told that state law prevented the school from informing parents without their child’s permission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s policy of hiding a child’s gender transition from mom and dad was not only unconstitutional, but it was also dangerous. No school should ever place ideology above a child’s well-being or a parent’s God-given authority,” Greg Burt, the vice president of the California Family Council, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their decision, the Supreme Court majority said parents are likely to succeed in the case, based on arguments that California’s law violates free exercise and due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12049926\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12049926\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Calder Storm waves a transgender flag at a rally and vigil, honoring transgender patients affected by Kaiser’s decision to halt gender-affirming care to minors, outside of Kaiser Permanente on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Parents with religious objections have argued that they have “sincere religious beliefs about sex and gender” and “feel a religious obligation to raise their children in accordance with those beliefs,” according to the court. Other parents say it violates their 14th Amendment right to “have primary authority with respect to ‘the upbringing and education of children.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s nondisclosure policy thus quite obviously excludes parents from highly important decisions about their child’s mental health … and is unlikely to satisfy heightened scrutiny. Our resolution of the parents’ likelihood of success on this claim is dictated by existing law,” the decision reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Elena Kagan dissented, along with Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson. Kagan cautioned that the court’s decision, before hearing any oral arguments in the case or a full decision by the appellate court, is hasty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Court is impatient: It already knows what it thinks, and insists on getting everything over quickly,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also criticized the court’s decision to use “shortcut procedures” to vacate the appeals court decision more quickly — pointing to a similar case out of Massachusetts that the Supreme Court is considering hearing.[aside postID=news_12069570 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230705-SUPREME-COURT-SCOTUS-AP-JM-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Instead of adding that case to its docket to decide on the merits, the court elected to intervene on the California matter under an emergency basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision by the U.S. Supreme Court to intervene in this case is deeply disturbing,” Equality California’s Executive Director Tony Hoang said in a statement after the ruling. “By stepping in on an emergency basis, the Court has effectively upended California’s student privacy protections without hearing full arguments and before the judicial process has run its course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While not surprising, this move reflects a dangerous willingness to short-circuit the established judicial process to dismantle protections for transgender youth,” Hoang continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many have expressed outrage with the way the court went about its ruling, Greenesmith said that the Transgender Law Center, which is involved with multiple cases arguing to expand protections for trans people in state courts across the country, isn’t exactly hoping that the high court takes up more cases regarding transgender rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t say with full certainty that we are looking for any of these cases to go to the Supreme Court under circumstances in which they have shown a reluctance to understand basic constitutional principles like substantive due process, for example, from which our understanding of protections and sexual orientation and gender identity bases have sprung,” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court’s other rulings affecting transgender youth are expected this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think I’m alone in saying that I am not expecting the court to support the rights of trans students to be able to access sports and teams and fun with their friends in the spring,” Greenesmith told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, the court’s decision blocking California’s law will be applicable until the appellate court reaches a final decision. The timeline of that case is not yet known.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s heartbreaking for us to hear stories from transgender youth and their families who really just want to have a day where they’re able to breathe and they’re to enjoy their lives and their privacy,” said Reyes Salinas, with Equality California. “And it’s unfortunate that their own government is doing everything in their power to not let that happen for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>An emergency Supreme Court ruling to temporarily bar California from enforcing a state law that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021521/new-year-new-law-know-more-about-your-rights-as-a-trans-student-in-california-schools\">prevents public schools from outing transgender students\u003c/a> has advocates raising concerns about its potential to further roll back protections for transgender youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s conservative majority on Monday sided with a group of Christian parents who alleged that the law violates their religious and due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision comes as the court also considers this spring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069570/california-advocates-fearful-as-supreme-court-weighs-bans-of-trans-student-athletes\">whether to bar transgender girls\u003c/a> from participating in public school sports and strike down a law \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-539_3f14.pdf\">banning conversion therapy\u003c/a> for minors in Colorado. Last year, the court upheld a law barring some gender-affirming care for minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the fifth anti-trans decision that the Supreme Court has done,” said Jorge Reyes Salinas, the communications director for Equality California. “It is disappointing, and it is alarming that the Supreme Court has chosen to do this and once again disregard the safety and well-being and privacy of transgender people, specifically transgender youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is very clear to the American people that the Supreme Court is going after the transgender community deliberately,” he continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960230\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960230\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED.jpg\" alt='A crowd of people in an indoor setting including some holding signs, one of which reads \"Let Queer & Trans Kids Be Kids Too!\"' width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230806-Kids-Pronouns-Protest-Getty-WL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People hold up signs in support of gay and transgender student rights during the Chino Valley Unified School District board meeting at Don Lugo High School in Chino on Thursday night, July 20, 2023. \u003ccite>(Will Lester/MediaNews Group/Inland Valley Daily Bulletin via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California law in question, enacted in 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12019618/california-bans-schools-from-forcing-teachers-to-out-lgbtq-students\">prevents schools\u003c/a> from automatically fulfilling parents’ requests for information if their child changes their pronouns or gender expression at school. This week’s ruling blocks the state from enforcing the law as it is challenged in lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, a group of parents and teachers opposed the policy in District Court, and in December, a federal judge ruled that school officials cannot withhold such information about students if parents request it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, a three-judge panel of appellate judges temporarily blocked that District Court order pending a challenge by California Attorney General Rob Bonta, who said the lower court misunderstood state law. He said it is “far from categorically forbidding disclosure of information about students’ gender identities to parents,” and that it allows, and in some cases requires, disclosure when there is a risk of serious harm to a student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta has also argued that violating students’ “reasonable expectation of privacy” by disclosing information without their consent is a form of sex discrimination violating the state Equal Protection Clause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appellate panel sided with Bonta in a preliminary ruling, temporarily blocking the lower court’s decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heron Greenesmith, the deputy director of policy for the Transgender Law Center, said the Supreme Court’s decision to halt enforcement of the law prevents schools from ensuring that students are safe.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“School districts can go ahead and enact policies saying that students must be outed to people in their life, regardless of safety, moving forward,” they told KQED. “Trans youth deserve autonomy, trans youth deserve safety. And if the people who are physically in control of them do not have their best interests or safety in mind, it is up to other adults in that youth’s life to help that youth access better safety. That’s what the California law is doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, State Sen. Scott Wiener called the decision “dangerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The issue of forced outing has life or death consequences for far too many LGBTQ kids,” he said via email. “Some will die. Some will get kicked out and become homeless. Some will be sent to conversion therapy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some parents challenging the law have suggested the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two parents who signed onto the suit allege that they were not informed that their middle-school-aged child had started to use male pronouns and changed his name at school until he attempted suicide and was hospitalized. Another set of parents said that they confronted school leaders about using their child’s preferred pronouns and name, and were told that state law prevented the school from informing parents without their child’s permission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s policy of hiding a child’s gender transition from mom and dad was not only unconstitutional, but it was also dangerous. No school should ever place ideology above a child’s well-being or a parent’s God-given authority,” Greg Burt, the vice president of the California Family Council, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their decision, the Supreme Court majority said parents are likely to succeed in the case, based on arguments that California’s law violates free exercise and due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12049926\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12049926\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_KaiserTransProtest_GC-31_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Calder Storm waves a transgender flag at a rally and vigil, honoring transgender patients affected by Kaiser’s decision to halt gender-affirming care to minors, outside of Kaiser Permanente on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Parents with religious objections have argued that they have “sincere religious beliefs about sex and gender” and “feel a religious obligation to raise their children in accordance with those beliefs,” according to the court. Other parents say it violates their 14th Amendment right to “have primary authority with respect to ‘the upbringing and education of children.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s nondisclosure policy thus quite obviously excludes parents from highly important decisions about their child’s mental health … and is unlikely to satisfy heightened scrutiny. Our resolution of the parents’ likelihood of success on this claim is dictated by existing law,” the decision reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Elena Kagan dissented, along with Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson. Kagan cautioned that the court’s decision, before hearing any oral arguments in the case or a full decision by the appellate court, is hasty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Court is impatient: It already knows what it thinks, and insists on getting everything over quickly,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also criticized the court’s decision to use “shortcut procedures” to vacate the appeals court decision more quickly — pointing to a similar case out of Massachusetts that the Supreme Court is considering hearing.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Instead of adding that case to its docket to decide on the merits, the court elected to intervene on the California matter under an emergency basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision by the U.S. Supreme Court to intervene in this case is deeply disturbing,” Equality California’s Executive Director Tony Hoang said in a statement after the ruling. “By stepping in on an emergency basis, the Court has effectively upended California’s student privacy protections without hearing full arguments and before the judicial process has run its course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While not surprising, this move reflects a dangerous willingness to short-circuit the established judicial process to dismantle protections for transgender youth,” Hoang continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many have expressed outrage with the way the court went about its ruling, Greenesmith said that the Transgender Law Center, which is involved with multiple cases arguing to expand protections for trans people in state courts across the country, isn’t exactly hoping that the high court takes up more cases regarding transgender rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t say with full certainty that we are looking for any of these cases to go to the Supreme Court under circumstances in which they have shown a reluctance to understand basic constitutional principles like substantive due process, for example, from which our understanding of protections and sexual orientation and gender identity bases have sprung,” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court’s other rulings affecting transgender youth are expected this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think I’m alone in saying that I am not expecting the court to support the rights of trans students to be able to access sports and teams and fun with their friends in the spring,” Greenesmith told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, the court’s decision blocking California’s law will be applicable until the appellate court reaches a final decision. The timeline of that case is not yet known.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s heartbreaking for us to hear stories from transgender youth and their families who really just want to have a day where they’re able to breathe and they’re to enjoy their lives and their privacy,” said Reyes Salinas, with Equality California. “And it’s unfortunate that their own government is doing everything in their power to not let that happen for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Candidates for Nancy Pelosi’s Seat See Attacks on Iran as Repeating Iraq War Mistakes",
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"content": "\u003cp>Leading candidates for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a>’s 11th Congressional District seat in the U.S. House of Representatives, a seat held by Speaker Emerita \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/nancy-pelosi\">Nancy Pelosi\u003c/a> for nearly four decades, are largely unified in criticizing the recent airstrikes the United States and Israel launched over the weekend in Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Demonstrations in support and opposition of military involvement in Iran have sprung up across the Bay Area in the days since attacks over the weekend, including one that killed Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and a US-Israeli strike on an Iranian girls’ school that left more than 100 people dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in the race to succeed Pelosi said President Donald Trump is acting recklessly and should employ diplomatic talks rather than violent military interventions, which could unsettle communities all across the Middle East and the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Donald Trump does not have the best interest of the American people on his agenda. What he has been doing consistently is really self-centered and aggressive and frankly ignorant,” said Supervisor Connie Chan, a progressive candidate for the seat. “It’s not strategic, and it is most definitely putting American people and our national security at great risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Scott Wiener, considered a leading contender, echoed those criticisms of the president, saying, “Trump is not doing this to help Iranians. He’s doing it for his own political purposes. And I am so deeply worried that this is going to lead into a complete morass for our country, that it’s going to put Iran into a state of chaos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The leading candidates all agreed that the U.S. military actions this week are reminiscent of the Iraq War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12069059\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12069059\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-07-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-07-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-07-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-07-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Saikat Chakrabarti, a candidate for California’s 11th Congressional District, participates in a forum with other candidates at UC Law San Francisco on Jan. 7, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It feels like déjà vu . It feels like we’re doing Iraq all over again. And just like George Bush did in Iraq, it seems like Trump and Hegseth believe they could just come in, decapitate the Iranian leadership and call it a day that democracy would prevail,” said Saikat Chakrabarti, a former software engineer and chief of staff for New York Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, referring to Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth. “Of course, that’s not what happened in Iraq.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am so deeply worried … that this is going to become either another forever war for the U.S., or Trump will do what he often does, which is to cut and run and then leave the people of Iran to clean up the mess, potentially with an even worse government in place,” Wiener said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marie Hurabiell, the most recent candidate to join the race and a moderate Democrat, said that “the last thing we need is another Iraq 2.0.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hurabiell, who Trump previously appointed to the Presidio Trust Board of Directors, drew a stark line between herself and her opponents when it came to whether the president acted legally in Iran.[aside postID=news_12069081 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-16-BL_qed.jpg']“I’m a pragmatist, and I’m a lawyer, so under Article 2 of the War Powers, this is a legal action,” she said. “The president can make strikes like this. Many presidents have used this ability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others disagreed with Hurabiell, who is the director of the local moderate group ConnectedSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To start a war without any plan is clearly an illegal action without the authorizations from Congress. And most importantly, this has no reason,” Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wanna be clear, this war that Trump just started is illegal. Congress has not authorized this war, and it’s horrific, and we need to stop it,” Chakrabarti, who also worked on Sen. Bernie Sanders’ 2016 presidential campaign, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the fighting continues and has already inched into nearby nations and territories and resulted in American casualties, U.S. Reps. Ro Khanna, a California Democrat, and Thomas Massie, a Kentucky Republican, are pushing for a vote on a resolution that would require Trump to seek congressional authorization to use military force in Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every San Francisco candidate said they would support the resolution. Wiener, Chan and Chakrabarti all said that if they were in office, they would vote no on any war with Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hurabiell said she wasn’t clear on whether she would actually vote yes or no to authorize the president’s war powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12069070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12069070\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-37-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-37-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-37-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-37-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Supervisor Connie Chan, a candidate for California’s 11th Congressional District, participates in a forum with other candidates at UC Law San Francisco on Jan. 7, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The president needs to explain his plan on this before I could make a decision on whether or not to support an ongoing war. We don’t need to know the strategy, obviously, we would not want to violate any kind of military intelligence or put our troops in danger in any way,” she said. “I just don’t have the information at this point to make a decision on war. And I really hope it does not come to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S.-Israeli airstrikes killed Khamenei on March 1, ending his 37-year rule. Candidates all criticized Khamenei’s regime and extended sympathy to Iranian Americans who are celebrating his death or have mixed feelings about what comes next. But several maintained that war with Iran would not lead to better outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look, Khamenei was bad, but so was Saddam Hussein. Us going to war in these countries with bad leaders, it just always makes a bad situation worse. We did the same thing in Afghanistan, in Libya, in Syria. And every single time, it got worse, not better,” said Chakrabarti, referring to the former Iraqi leader. “We destroy the infrastructure. We create this power vacuum, and then chaos comes in. And then millions of people end up dying from all kinds of horrific causes, from drinking dirty water, from not having access to hospitals, from not having access to electricity. And that’s unfortunately where I fear this is gonna go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Iranian regime has inflicted indescribable trauma on the people of Iran and on the Iranian diaspora. So many Iranians in California have fled Iran, have family members who are in Iran now, and they are terrified for family members. So I completely understand why there are members of the Iranian diaspora who are celebrating what Trump has done because the Ayatollah was a deeply evil, horrific human being,” Wiener said. “But I am, you know, I also know that Trump is both chaotic and unreliable. And so I don’t have any confidence that he has the best interests of the Iranian people in his heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039671\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039671\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. Scott Wiener speaks during a press conference in Union Square, San Francisco, on Feb. 18, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It is the role of the U.S. government to make sure that we’re acting for peace, and that we must stand with all people around the world to make sure that they are being empowered to have the power of self-determination and the ability to seek democracy,” Chan said. “But we know right now that is not what Donald Trump is doing. We know that there’s no intention to provide meaningful support for them to rebuild their country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw all over the United States over the weekend, the just incredible joy from the Iranian people to know that this rain is over,” Hurabiell said. “There are many unknowns, which is very concerning, but I’m very hopeful that this will be a new era for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a press conference this week, Marco Rubio said the U.S. launched airstrikes over the weekend after Israel was already planning an attack, highlighting another point of friction between the candidates and support for Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a forum in January, before Hurabiell joined the race, each of the candidates was asked during a 10-question lightning round series to answer “yes” or “no” over whether they believed Israel is committing genocide in Gaza. Chan and Chakrabarti said yes while Wiener, who is Jewish, did not answer the question, causing a roaring response and boos from the live audience. He later took to social media to clarify his position, saying that he does believe Israel is committing genocide in Gaza, but that he believes the issue is more complicated than a simple yes or no answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chakrabarti this week said it was shameful for the U.S. to back Israel in another war zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“America got dragged into this war by Israel. And now you got Trump going up there saying that ‘Americans must die. That’s what happens in a war,’” he said. So Americans have to die now, and we have to spend trillions of dollars just because Israel wants us to. It’s absolutely awful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Leading candidates for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a>’s 11th Congressional District seat in the U.S. House of Representatives, a seat held by Speaker Emerita \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/nancy-pelosi\">Nancy Pelosi\u003c/a> for nearly four decades, are largely unified in criticizing the recent airstrikes the United States and Israel launched over the weekend in Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Demonstrations in support and opposition of military involvement in Iran have sprung up across the Bay Area in the days since attacks over the weekend, including one that killed Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and a US-Israeli strike on an Iranian girls’ school that left more than 100 people dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in the race to succeed Pelosi said President Donald Trump is acting recklessly and should employ diplomatic talks rather than violent military interventions, which could unsettle communities all across the Middle East and the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Donald Trump does not have the best interest of the American people on his agenda. What he has been doing consistently is really self-centered and aggressive and frankly ignorant,” said Supervisor Connie Chan, a progressive candidate for the seat. “It’s not strategic, and it is most definitely putting American people and our national security at great risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Scott Wiener, considered a leading contender, echoed those criticisms of the president, saying, “Trump is not doing this to help Iranians. He’s doing it for his own political purposes. And I am so deeply worried that this is going to lead into a complete morass for our country, that it’s going to put Iran into a state of chaos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The leading candidates all agreed that the U.S. military actions this week are reminiscent of the Iraq War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12069059\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12069059\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-07-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-07-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-07-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-07-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Saikat Chakrabarti, a candidate for California’s 11th Congressional District, participates in a forum with other candidates at UC Law San Francisco on Jan. 7, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It feels like déjà vu . It feels like we’re doing Iraq all over again. And just like George Bush did in Iraq, it seems like Trump and Hegseth believe they could just come in, decapitate the Iranian leadership and call it a day that democracy would prevail,” said Saikat Chakrabarti, a former software engineer and chief of staff for New York Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, referring to Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth. “Of course, that’s not what happened in Iraq.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am so deeply worried … that this is going to become either another forever war for the U.S., or Trump will do what he often does, which is to cut and run and then leave the people of Iran to clean up the mess, potentially with an even worse government in place,” Wiener said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marie Hurabiell, the most recent candidate to join the race and a moderate Democrat, said that “the last thing we need is another Iraq 2.0.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hurabiell, who Trump previously appointed to the Presidio Trust Board of Directors, drew a stark line between herself and her opponents when it came to whether the president acted legally in Iran.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I’m a pragmatist, and I’m a lawyer, so under Article 2 of the War Powers, this is a legal action,” she said. “The president can make strikes like this. Many presidents have used this ability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others disagreed with Hurabiell, who is the director of the local moderate group ConnectedSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To start a war without any plan is clearly an illegal action without the authorizations from Congress. And most importantly, this has no reason,” Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wanna be clear, this war that Trump just started is illegal. Congress has not authorized this war, and it’s horrific, and we need to stop it,” Chakrabarti, who also worked on Sen. Bernie Sanders’ 2016 presidential campaign, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the fighting continues and has already inched into nearby nations and territories and resulted in American casualties, U.S. Reps. Ro Khanna, a California Democrat, and Thomas Massie, a Kentucky Republican, are pushing for a vote on a resolution that would require Trump to seek congressional authorization to use military force in Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every San Francisco candidate said they would support the resolution. Wiener, Chan and Chakrabarti all said that if they were in office, they would vote no on any war with Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hurabiell said she wasn’t clear on whether she would actually vote yes or no to authorize the president’s war powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12069070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12069070\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-37-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-37-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-37-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260107-SFCongressionalCandidateForum-37-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Supervisor Connie Chan, a candidate for California’s 11th Congressional District, participates in a forum with other candidates at UC Law San Francisco on Jan. 7, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The president needs to explain his plan on this before I could make a decision on whether or not to support an ongoing war. We don’t need to know the strategy, obviously, we would not want to violate any kind of military intelligence or put our troops in danger in any way,” she said. “I just don’t have the information at this point to make a decision on war. And I really hope it does not come to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S.-Israeli airstrikes killed Khamenei on March 1, ending his 37-year rule. Candidates all criticized Khamenei’s regime and extended sympathy to Iranian Americans who are celebrating his death or have mixed feelings about what comes next. But several maintained that war with Iran would not lead to better outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look, Khamenei was bad, but so was Saddam Hussein. Us going to war in these countries with bad leaders, it just always makes a bad situation worse. We did the same thing in Afghanistan, in Libya, in Syria. And every single time, it got worse, not better,” said Chakrabarti, referring to the former Iraqi leader. “We destroy the infrastructure. We create this power vacuum, and then chaos comes in. And then millions of people end up dying from all kinds of horrific causes, from drinking dirty water, from not having access to hospitals, from not having access to electricity. And that’s unfortunately where I fear this is gonna go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Iranian regime has inflicted indescribable trauma on the people of Iran and on the Iranian diaspora. So many Iranians in California have fled Iran, have family members who are in Iran now, and they are terrified for family members. So I completely understand why there are members of the Iranian diaspora who are celebrating what Trump has done because the Ayatollah was a deeply evil, horrific human being,” Wiener said. “But I am, you know, I also know that Trump is both chaotic and unreliable. And so I don’t have any confidence that he has the best interests of the Iranian people in his heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039671\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039671\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250218-SFDowntown-03-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. Scott Wiener speaks during a press conference in Union Square, San Francisco, on Feb. 18, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It is the role of the U.S. government to make sure that we’re acting for peace, and that we must stand with all people around the world to make sure that they are being empowered to have the power of self-determination and the ability to seek democracy,” Chan said. “But we know right now that is not what Donald Trump is doing. We know that there’s no intention to provide meaningful support for them to rebuild their country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw all over the United States over the weekend, the just incredible joy from the Iranian people to know that this rain is over,” Hurabiell said. “There are many unknowns, which is very concerning, but I’m very hopeful that this will be a new era for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a press conference this week, Marco Rubio said the U.S. launched airstrikes over the weekend after Israel was already planning an attack, highlighting another point of friction between the candidates and support for Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a forum in January, before Hurabiell joined the race, each of the candidates was asked during a 10-question lightning round series to answer “yes” or “no” over whether they believed Israel is committing genocide in Gaza. Chan and Chakrabarti said yes while Wiener, who is Jewish, did not answer the question, causing a roaring response and boos from the live audience. He later took to social media to clarify his position, saying that he does believe Israel is committing genocide in Gaza, but that he believes the issue is more complicated than a simple yes or no answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chakrabarti this week said it was shameful for the U.S. to back Israel in another war zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“America got dragged into this war by Israel. And now you got Trump going up there saying that ‘Americans must die. That’s what happens in a war,’” he said. So Americans have to die now, and we have to spend trillions of dollars just because Israel wants us to. It’s absolutely awful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "It’s Expensive to Build Housing. California Lawmakers Say Factory-Built Is the Future",
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"content": "\u003cp>As the cost of living continues to pinch Californians, state lawmakers have a new focus: bringing down the cost of housing construction to get more homes built quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their solution, so far, is to industrialize the building process by facilitating prefab, modular and manufactured housing. Earlier this year, a group of California lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://committees.assembly.ca.gov/selectcommitteeonhousingconstructioninnovation/hearings/all-hearings\">held a series of hearings\u003c/a> as part of the Select Committee on Housing Construction Innovation to understand what barriers stand in the way of scaling up factory-built construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes after lawmakers last year passed a series of bills that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12046558/california-lawmakers-approve-major-overhaul-of-landmark-environmental-law\">streamlined environmental reviews\u003c/a> for housing developments and transformed the way \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042670/controversial-housing-near-transit-bill-advances-to-next-stop-in-legislature\">housing is built near transit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A key piece of making housing more affordable is bringing down the cost of construction,” Committee Chair and Assemblymember Buffy Wicks, D-Berkeley, said in a statement to KQED. “Factory-built housing is not a silver bullet, but it can be part of the solution to our housing crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://ternercenter.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/PathwaystoScaleInnovativeConstruction2026.pdf\">report, published Monday\u003c/a>, from UC Berkeley’s Terner Center for Housing Innovation, found factory-built housing, also known as prefab and manufactured housing, could cut costs by up to 20% and slash building timelines in half — a key innovation needed to ramp up construction and meet the state’s goal of building \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/05/14/governor-newsom-unveils-proposal-to-cut-red-tape-and-fast-track-housing-and-development/\">2.5 million homes by 2030\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075106\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Factory OS employee works on the assembly process of modular homes at the Vallejo warehouse on Aug. 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, these projects face big hurdles in securing financing and overcoming a patchwork of regulatory approvals that can vary by jurisdiction. Following the committee’s Construction Innovation hearings, state lawmakers now plan to introduce their own package of bills aiming to streamline the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those efforts will dovetail with legislation at the federal level, where lawmakers are also trying to solve the nation’s growing housing affordability crisis, caused in part by a construction slump. Federal legislators are currently working on \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48732\">two \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48849\">separate\u003c/a> bill packages taking aim at red tape and outdated safety standards, which lawmakers on both sides of the aisle argue have prevented factories from churning out housing for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while there has historically been resistance from unions to factory-built housing, there is a growing recognition of the benefits to workers. Jeremy Smith, deputy legislative director for the State Building and Construction Trades Council of California, said during a committee hearing that while the trades \u003ca href=\"https://committees.assembly.ca.gov/system/files/transcipt-select-committee-on-housing-construction-innovation-hearing-2-january-14-2026.pdf\">prefer on-site construction methods\u003c/a>, modular-built housing “provides a solution to building — to actually building — more housing for people of all income levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to Fullstack Modular, a construction company with a factory in Carson, California, which employs about 200 unionized workers to construct modular homes. He said working in a factory, as opposed to commuting long hours to job sites, benefits employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of the consistent work hours and the factory location within the community, trades workers and more craftspeople are able to consider the trades and still accommodate childcare and other life needs,” he said. “Workers who have not secured reliable transportation, for example, can more easily get to the stationary location of the Carson factory, making their transition into the building trades easier.”[aside postID=news_12068746 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250618-NewTeacherHousing-18-BL_qed.jpg']Factory-built housing is not necessarily new in California. For years, a number of construction firms have offered modular housing or prefabricated units, which can be manufactured miles away and assembled on site. But many of those firms have \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2023/11/27/prefab-home-builder-veev-reportedly-shutting-down-after-reaching-unicorn-status-last-year/\">failed to scale up\u003c/a> and have \u003ca href=\"https://www.vallejosun.com/vallejo-modular-home-manufacturer-to-close-laying-off-all-employees/\">shuttered\u003c/a> their factories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Boyd, chief strategy officer for Terner Labs, a nonprofit incubator program connected to the Terner Center, said the construction industry hasn’t changed in decades and neither have the laws or financing systems surrounding it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The construction industry has worked the way it’s worked for 100 years,” she said. “And there are many different silos. Every player has their own little piece of the puzzle on how you put a house together or an apartment together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But industrialized construction consolidates that system into one factory, and that, in turn, runs up against regulatory and financing norms, which makes it difficult for new types of construction to successfully enter — and stay — in the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to regulations, the Terner Center’s report details inconsistencies between local governments’ building codes as one barrier to be removed. Although the state has adopted a set of standards for housing built in factories, local governments still require certain plan reviews and inspections, which can change a standardized product into a bespoke project for each city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the finance side, banks and insurance agencies have funded traditional site-built housing for decades, so they understand the risks involved. But factory-built construction has yet to meet mainstream adoption, which means financial institutions have less data and experience to gauge risk. That makes it harder to access capital needed to get projects off the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075099\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Factory OS employees work on different parts of the assembly process of modular homes at the Vallejo warehouse on Aug. 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boyd said that because developers sometimes have trouble finding financing, it means deals can fall through, resulting in holes in the factories’ production pipeline. When that happens, she said, “They can’t sustain that because they have to pay the wages, and so they close.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she argues that the state could work to assume some of the risk of the transaction and stabilize the pipeline so those holes don’t exist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the main policy areas that we uncovered is a role potentially for the state in helping hold some of that risk, so we’re not really asking these developers to risk losing a lot of money or having the deal go upside down halfway through,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taken together, Boyd said, these proposed reforms, if implemented, could have the potential to jumpstart the industry, bringing down the cost of construction for builders, and hopefully, for homeowners too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "According to a new report from UC Berkeley’s Terner Center for Housing Innovation, manufactured housing could play a big role in bringing down the cost of construction. But first, the legislature needs to clear the red tape. \r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the cost of living continues to pinch Californians, state lawmakers have a new focus: bringing down the cost of housing construction to get more homes built quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their solution, so far, is to industrialize the building process by facilitating prefab, modular and manufactured housing. Earlier this year, a group of California lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://committees.assembly.ca.gov/selectcommitteeonhousingconstructioninnovation/hearings/all-hearings\">held a series of hearings\u003c/a> as part of the Select Committee on Housing Construction Innovation to understand what barriers stand in the way of scaling up factory-built construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes after lawmakers last year passed a series of bills that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12046558/california-lawmakers-approve-major-overhaul-of-landmark-environmental-law\">streamlined environmental reviews\u003c/a> for housing developments and transformed the way \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042670/controversial-housing-near-transit-bill-advances-to-next-stop-in-legislature\">housing is built near transit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A key piece of making housing more affordable is bringing down the cost of construction,” Committee Chair and Assemblymember Buffy Wicks, D-Berkeley, said in a statement to KQED. “Factory-built housing is not a silver bullet, but it can be part of the solution to our housing crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://ternercenter.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/PathwaystoScaleInnovativeConstruction2026.pdf\">report, published Monday\u003c/a>, from UC Berkeley’s Terner Center for Housing Innovation, found factory-built housing, also known as prefab and manufactured housing, could cut costs by up to 20% and slash building timelines in half — a key innovation needed to ramp up construction and meet the state’s goal of building \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/05/14/governor-newsom-unveils-proposal-to-cut-red-tape-and-fast-track-housing-and-development/\">2.5 million homes by 2030\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075106\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/030_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Factory OS employee works on the assembly process of modular homes at the Vallejo warehouse on Aug. 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, these projects face big hurdles in securing financing and overcoming a patchwork of regulatory approvals that can vary by jurisdiction. Following the committee’s Construction Innovation hearings, state lawmakers now plan to introduce their own package of bills aiming to streamline the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those efforts will dovetail with legislation at the federal level, where lawmakers are also trying to solve the nation’s growing housing affordability crisis, caused in part by a construction slump. Federal legislators are currently working on \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48732\">two \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48849\">separate\u003c/a> bill packages taking aim at red tape and outdated safety standards, which lawmakers on both sides of the aisle argue have prevented factories from churning out housing for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while there has historically been resistance from unions to factory-built housing, there is a growing recognition of the benefits to workers. Jeremy Smith, deputy legislative director for the State Building and Construction Trades Council of California, said during a committee hearing that while the trades \u003ca href=\"https://committees.assembly.ca.gov/system/files/transcipt-select-committee-on-housing-construction-innovation-hearing-2-january-14-2026.pdf\">prefer on-site construction methods\u003c/a>, modular-built housing “provides a solution to building — to actually building — more housing for people of all income levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to Fullstack Modular, a construction company with a factory in Carson, California, which employs about 200 unionized workers to construct modular homes. He said working in a factory, as opposed to commuting long hours to job sites, benefits employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of the consistent work hours and the factory location within the community, trades workers and more craftspeople are able to consider the trades and still accommodate childcare and other life needs,” he said. “Workers who have not secured reliable transportation, for example, can more easily get to the stationary location of the Carson factory, making their transition into the building trades easier.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Factory-built housing is not necessarily new in California. For years, a number of construction firms have offered modular housing or prefabricated units, which can be manufactured miles away and assembled on site. But many of those firms have \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2023/11/27/prefab-home-builder-veev-reportedly-shutting-down-after-reaching-unicorn-status-last-year/\">failed to scale up\u003c/a> and have \u003ca href=\"https://www.vallejosun.com/vallejo-modular-home-manufacturer-to-close-laying-off-all-employees/\">shuttered\u003c/a> their factories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle Boyd, chief strategy officer for Terner Labs, a nonprofit incubator program connected to the Terner Center, said the construction industry hasn’t changed in decades and neither have the laws or financing systems surrounding it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The construction industry has worked the way it’s worked for 100 years,” she said. “And there are many different silos. Every player has their own little piece of the puzzle on how you put a house together or an apartment together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But industrialized construction consolidates that system into one factory, and that, in turn, runs up against regulatory and financing norms, which makes it difficult for new types of construction to successfully enter — and stay — in the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to regulations, the Terner Center’s report details inconsistencies between local governments’ building codes as one barrier to be removed. Although the state has adopted a set of standards for housing built in factories, local governments still require certain plan reviews and inspections, which can change a standardized product into a bespoke project for each city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the finance side, banks and insurance agencies have funded traditional site-built housing for decades, so they understand the risks involved. But factory-built construction has yet to meet mainstream adoption, which means financial institutions have less data and experience to gauge risk. That makes it harder to access capital needed to get projects off the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075099\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Factory OS employees work on different parts of the assembly process of modular homes at the Vallejo warehouse on Aug. 6, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boyd said that because developers sometimes have trouble finding financing, it means deals can fall through, resulting in holes in the factories’ production pipeline. When that happens, she said, “They can’t sustain that because they have to pay the wages, and so they close.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she argues that the state could work to assume some of the risk of the transaction and stabilize the pipeline so those holes don’t exist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the main policy areas that we uncovered is a role potentially for the state in helping hold some of that risk, so we’re not really asking these developers to risk losing a lot of money or having the deal go upside down halfway through,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taken together, Boyd said, these proposed reforms, if implemented, could have the potential to jumpstart the industry, bringing down the cost of construction for builders, and hopefully, for homeowners too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Newsom Expands Mental Health Court Program — and Calls Out SF for Falling Behind",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom announced Monday that California is expanding resources to support its first-of-its-kind \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12007175/care-court-was-supposed-to-help-those-hardest-to-treat-heres-how-its-going\">mental health court program\u003c/a>, but threatened to divert those funds from counties, including multiple in the Bay Area, where implementation is falling behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years after the launch of the CARE Court program, which aims to connect unhoused Californians suffering from psychosis with housing and treatment plans, Newsom’s office awarded an additional $291 million toward housing and behavioral health services. The governor’s office is also adding accountability measures to speed up the adoption of CARE Court programs for counties like San Francisco, where the programs are struggling to connect people to services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Through CARE Court, we have seen inspirational stories of recovery and resilience, but many counties continue to lag behind their peers,” Newsom said in a statement. “Local leaders have a moral and legal obligation to deliver this transformational tool for those who need it most. We will not accept failure and excuses when lives are on the line.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October 2023, counties across the state began rolling out CARE Court programs created by the Community Assistance, Recovery, and Empowerment Act. All 58 counties implemented the programs by the end of 2024. The legislation aims to make it easier for first responders, doctors and family members to petition the court to help people suffering from psychosis due to schizophrenia and other behavioral health challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a case is accepted, a civil court judge presents a voluntary treatment plan, which can include access to housing, mental health counseling, medication and other services. If the person refuses, a judge can compel them into treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073589/californias-care-court-is-falling-short-of-expectations\">failed to keep up with expectations\u003c/a> in some parts of the state. While Newsom’s office predicted CARE could reach \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12007175/care-court-was-supposed-to-help-those-hardest-to-treat-heres-how-its-going\">7,000 to 12,000 people annually\u003c/a> when it was introduced, only about 3,800 CARE petitions have been submitted to courts. An additional 4,000 cases where people have been considered for CARE have been diverted by connecting them with services without court participation, Newsom’s office said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12047982\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12047982\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/230707-ORANGE-COUNTY-CARE-COURT-AD-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/230707-ORANGE-COUNTY-CARE-COURT-AD-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/230707-ORANGE-COUNTY-CARE-COURT-AD-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/230707-ORANGE-COUNTY-CARE-COURT-AD-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orange County Superior Court will technically house the local CARE Court, though judges say they will more likely hold meetings with patients at a more neutral site, like a conference room at the county health office. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Le Ondra Clark Harvey, the CEO of the advocacy organization California Council of Community Behavioral Health Agencies, said she had “expected more” when the program was initially announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do believe that the trickle [of cases] may represent that there’s not enough thoughtfulness and planning around coordination and tracking,” she told KQED. “We know as providers on the ground that every handoff matters and that people can easily fall through the safety net if that’s not done and crafted very well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, CARE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059464/newsom-expands-care-court-mental-health-law-to-reach-more-californians\">expanded in October\u003c/a> to include people experiencing psychotic symptoms as a result of bipolar disorder. Now, Newsom is throwing additional resources behind the program — and calling out counties, like San Francisco, that are underperforming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said that his office would direct $131.8 million in Proposition 1 funding to eight Homekey+ affordable housing projects, which provide supportive housing with services for veterans, people who are at-risk or experiencing homelessness, or living with behavioral health challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s office estimates that the funding will create 443 additional homes across the communities, including in Stockton and Contra Costa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other $159 million is in newly awarded Homeless Housing Assistance and Prevention funding, which will go toward 20 regions throughout the state to create permanent housing, sustain interim housing and “accelerate proven local interventions.”[aside postID=news_12073589 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CARECourt_SFChronicle-2000x1333.jpg']Among those counties is Alameda, which Newsom called a “shining example” of CARE implementation. The county has one of the highest rates of petitions submitted per capita, and has seen an 11% drop in unsheltered homelessness since 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and Santa Clara counties, by contrast, are among 10 that have struggled to implement CARE programs. Both had fewer than 100 petitions in 2025, according to a new state dashboard, and San Francisco has seen a significantly lower percentage decrease in unsheltered homelessness than the state average since 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are counties that haven’t gotten it done, like Santa Clara County,” Newsom said. “We’re calling [San Francisco] out as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re the care court ICU,” Newsom said, referring to the term his office has coined for the 10 “bottom” counties in terms of implementation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara recorded just 47 CARE petitions in 2025, equaling a rate of about two petitions per 100,000 residents, compared to the state’s six. New state data tracking counties’ progress on reducing unsheltered homelessness says that the county does not have publicly available data. But last year’s point-in-time count in its most populous city, San José — where Mayor Matt Mahan has also cracked down on street homelessness and encampments — reported a 10% drop between 2023 and 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Long before the creation of CARE Court, the County of Santa Clara has been at the forefront of innovative strategies to address the behavioral health crisis facing California,” Santa Clara County Executive James Williams said in a statement. “Our approach is grounded in what works: rapidly connecting people to clinically appropriate treatment and housing, rather than defaulting to lengthy, costly, and often inadequate court-based processes that do not produce better outcomes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams called the CARE program “one tool among many. He said via email that counties need sustained funding and partnership, not “reducing a complex system to a single scorecard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, San Francisco Mayor Daniel Lurie’s office, which has been focused on the homelessness crisis since taking office in 2024, said it “has been using every tool in our toolbox to address the crisis on our streets — reimagining street outreach and adding recovery and treatment resources so we can get people off the street and connected to the support they need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, encampments are at record lows, more people are getting connected to shelter and treatment, and San Franciscans feel safer than they have in years,” a spokesperson for the office said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12070970\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12070970\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260123-SIGNATUREKICKOFF00606_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260123-SIGNATUREKICKOFF00606_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260123-SIGNATUREKICKOFF00606_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260123-SIGNATUREKICKOFF00606_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mayor Daniel Lurie speaks on his support for California Senate Bill 63 at a press conference at Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on Jan. 23, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"https://www.accountability.ca.gov/county/san-francisco/housing/\">state data shows\u003c/a> that the city has seen just a 1% decline in unsheltered homelessness since 2023, compared to California’s 9% drop. Fifty CARE petitions were filed in 2025. As of last September, about two-thirds of submitted petitions were dismissed, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/mental-health/2025/09/care-court-2025-data/\">investigation by \u003cem>CalMatters\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state dashboard notes that the city has increased its number of beds available for unhoused residents by nearly 10% since 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clark Harvey said flagging the counties that are performing both well and poorly is important to identify what is and isn’t working, and help bring struggling counties up to speed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really now time to drill down and say, ‘Why aren’t things working well for these 10 counties? What can we do to support them? And what can we do to ensure that people aren’t cycling back through the system?’” she said.[aside postID=news_12074462 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_003-KQED.jpg']\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But Monica Porter Gilbert with the advocacy group Disability Rights California said she was concerned about how the governor’s office is measuring a county’s performance on its new accountability dashboard.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> “We’re not seeing a ton of rigor in how the governor is defining performance or underperformance,” she told KQED. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She said she was concerned about the number of petitions a county receives being considered a marker of success. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“What CARE Court does is it orders people into services without increasing access to them,” she told KQED. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She said that the program’s first annual report found that more than half of CARE participants were unable to receive at least one mental health service that was part of their treatment plan, such as peer support, medication or therapy. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report cited administrative delays like pending applications for services, or a lack of availability of some services in some counties, as well as coordination mishaps that led to these issues.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“The California Legislature did some analysis this past summer and found CARE Court to be — and this is a quote from them — a very expensive way to coordinate but not directly provide important services,” Gilbert said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite awarding San Francisco \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12070144/lurie-newsom-tout-millions-in-homelessness-funding-for-san-francisco-amid-budget-blows\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nearly $40 million\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in HHAP funding in January, the governor suggested that money could be diverted from those counties in his May budget revision if they don’t improve implementation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“I’m happy to direct every damn penny in these programs to the counties that are getting things done,” Newsom said. “I’m not interested in funding failure.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">KQED’s \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/vrancano\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vanessa Rancaño\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> contributed to this report. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom announced Monday that California is expanding resources to support its first-of-its-kind \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12007175/care-court-was-supposed-to-help-those-hardest-to-treat-heres-how-its-going\">mental health court program\u003c/a>, but threatened to divert those funds from counties, including multiple in the Bay Area, where implementation is falling behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years after the launch of the CARE Court program, which aims to connect unhoused Californians suffering from psychosis with housing and treatment plans, Newsom’s office awarded an additional $291 million toward housing and behavioral health services. The governor’s office is also adding accountability measures to speed up the adoption of CARE Court programs for counties like San Francisco, where the programs are struggling to connect people to services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Through CARE Court, we have seen inspirational stories of recovery and resilience, but many counties continue to lag behind their peers,” Newsom said in a statement. “Local leaders have a moral and legal obligation to deliver this transformational tool for those who need it most. We will not accept failure and excuses when lives are on the line.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October 2023, counties across the state began rolling out CARE Court programs created by the Community Assistance, Recovery, and Empowerment Act. All 58 counties implemented the programs by the end of 2024. The legislation aims to make it easier for first responders, doctors and family members to petition the court to help people suffering from psychosis due to schizophrenia and other behavioral health challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a case is accepted, a civil court judge presents a voluntary treatment plan, which can include access to housing, mental health counseling, medication and other services. If the person refuses, a judge can compel them into treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073589/californias-care-court-is-falling-short-of-expectations\">failed to keep up with expectations\u003c/a> in some parts of the state. While Newsom’s office predicted CARE could reach \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12007175/care-court-was-supposed-to-help-those-hardest-to-treat-heres-how-its-going\">7,000 to 12,000 people annually\u003c/a> when it was introduced, only about 3,800 CARE petitions have been submitted to courts. An additional 4,000 cases where people have been considered for CARE have been diverted by connecting them with services without court participation, Newsom’s office said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12047982\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12047982\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/230707-ORANGE-COUNTY-CARE-COURT-AD-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/230707-ORANGE-COUNTY-CARE-COURT-AD-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/230707-ORANGE-COUNTY-CARE-COURT-AD-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/230707-ORANGE-COUNTY-CARE-COURT-AD-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orange County Superior Court will technically house the local CARE Court, though judges say they will more likely hold meetings with patients at a more neutral site, like a conference room at the county health office. \u003ccite>(April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Le Ondra Clark Harvey, the CEO of the advocacy organization California Council of Community Behavioral Health Agencies, said she had “expected more” when the program was initially announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do believe that the trickle [of cases] may represent that there’s not enough thoughtfulness and planning around coordination and tracking,” she told KQED. “We know as providers on the ground that every handoff matters and that people can easily fall through the safety net if that’s not done and crafted very well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, CARE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059464/newsom-expands-care-court-mental-health-law-to-reach-more-californians\">expanded in October\u003c/a> to include people experiencing psychotic symptoms as a result of bipolar disorder. Now, Newsom is throwing additional resources behind the program — and calling out counties, like San Francisco, that are underperforming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said that his office would direct $131.8 million in Proposition 1 funding to eight Homekey+ affordable housing projects, which provide supportive housing with services for veterans, people who are at-risk or experiencing homelessness, or living with behavioral health challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s office estimates that the funding will create 443 additional homes across the communities, including in Stockton and Contra Costa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other $159 million is in newly awarded Homeless Housing Assistance and Prevention funding, which will go toward 20 regions throughout the state to create permanent housing, sustain interim housing and “accelerate proven local interventions.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Among those counties is Alameda, which Newsom called a “shining example” of CARE implementation. The county has one of the highest rates of petitions submitted per capita, and has seen an 11% drop in unsheltered homelessness since 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and Santa Clara counties, by contrast, are among 10 that have struggled to implement CARE programs. Both had fewer than 100 petitions in 2025, according to a new state dashboard, and San Francisco has seen a significantly lower percentage decrease in unsheltered homelessness than the state average since 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are counties that haven’t gotten it done, like Santa Clara County,” Newsom said. “We’re calling [San Francisco] out as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re the care court ICU,” Newsom said, referring to the term his office has coined for the 10 “bottom” counties in terms of implementation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara recorded just 47 CARE petitions in 2025, equaling a rate of about two petitions per 100,000 residents, compared to the state’s six. New state data tracking counties’ progress on reducing unsheltered homelessness says that the county does not have publicly available data. But last year’s point-in-time count in its most populous city, San José — where Mayor Matt Mahan has also cracked down on street homelessness and encampments — reported a 10% drop between 2023 and 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Long before the creation of CARE Court, the County of Santa Clara has been at the forefront of innovative strategies to address the behavioral health crisis facing California,” Santa Clara County Executive James Williams said in a statement. “Our approach is grounded in what works: rapidly connecting people to clinically appropriate treatment and housing, rather than defaulting to lengthy, costly, and often inadequate court-based processes that do not produce better outcomes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams called the CARE program “one tool among many. He said via email that counties need sustained funding and partnership, not “reducing a complex system to a single scorecard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, San Francisco Mayor Daniel Lurie’s office, which has been focused on the homelessness crisis since taking office in 2024, said it “has been using every tool in our toolbox to address the crisis on our streets — reimagining street outreach and adding recovery and treatment resources so we can get people off the street and connected to the support they need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, encampments are at record lows, more people are getting connected to shelter and treatment, and San Franciscans feel safer than they have in years,” a spokesperson for the office said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12070970\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12070970\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260123-SIGNATUREKICKOFF00606_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260123-SIGNATUREKICKOFF00606_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260123-SIGNATUREKICKOFF00606_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260123-SIGNATUREKICKOFF00606_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mayor Daniel Lurie speaks on his support for California Senate Bill 63 at a press conference at Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on Jan. 23, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"https://www.accountability.ca.gov/county/san-francisco/housing/\">state data shows\u003c/a> that the city has seen just a 1% decline in unsheltered homelessness since 2023, compared to California’s 9% drop. Fifty CARE petitions were filed in 2025. As of last September, about two-thirds of submitted petitions were dismissed, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/mental-health/2025/09/care-court-2025-data/\">investigation by \u003cem>CalMatters\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state dashboard notes that the city has increased its number of beds available for unhoused residents by nearly 10% since 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clark Harvey said flagging the counties that are performing both well and poorly is important to identify what is and isn’t working, and help bring struggling counties up to speed.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really now time to drill down and say, ‘Why aren’t things working well for these 10 counties? What can we do to support them? And what can we do to ensure that people aren’t cycling back through the system?’” she said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But Monica Porter Gilbert with the advocacy group Disability Rights California said she was concerned about how the governor’s office is measuring a county’s performance on its new accountability dashboard.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> “We’re not seeing a ton of rigor in how the governor is defining performance or underperformance,” she told KQED. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She said she was concerned about the number of petitions a county receives being considered a marker of success. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“What CARE Court does is it orders people into services without increasing access to them,” she told KQED. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She said that the program’s first annual report found that more than half of CARE participants were unable to receive at least one mental health service that was part of their treatment plan, such as peer support, medication or therapy. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report cited administrative delays like pending applications for services, or a lack of availability of some services in some counties, as well as coordination mishaps that led to these issues.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“The California Legislature did some analysis this past summer and found CARE Court to be — and this is a quote from them — a very expensive way to coordinate but not directly provide important services,” Gilbert said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite awarding San Francisco \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12070144/lurie-newsom-tout-millions-in-homelessness-funding-for-san-francisco-amid-budget-blows\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nearly $40 million\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in HHAP funding in January, the governor suggested that money could be diverted from those counties in his May budget revision if they don’t improve implementation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“I’m happy to direct every damn penny in these programs to the counties that are getting things done,” Newsom said. “I’m not interested in funding failure.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">KQED’s \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/vrancano\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vanessa Rancaño\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> contributed to this report. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "the-eccentric-personalities-behind-sunnyside-conservatory-a-120-year-old-garden-in-san-francisco",
"title": "The Eccentric Personalities Behind Sunnyside Conservatory, a 120-Year-Old Garden in San Francisco",
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"headTitle": "The Eccentric Personalities Behind Sunnyside Conservatory, a 120-Year-Old Garden in San Francisco | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco’s \u003c/a>Sunnyside neighborhood, just west of Glen Park, isn’t actually very sunny. In fact, it’s one of the foggier places in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of its main thoroughfares, Monterey Boulevard, carries drivers west towards tonier places like St. Francis Wood, passing many houses and apartment buildings along the way. But slow down a little, and you might catch a glimpse of a building that feels out of the ordinary in this residential place — Sunnyside Conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Set back from the street and tucked behind a wrought iron gate, the octagonal redwood building has two stories of windows surrounded by a lush garden of towering palms, ferns and flowering bushes. It’s beautiful and old-world feeling, a unique Victorian gem on an otherwise busy street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Mary Balmana often uses Monterey Boulevard to get to her home in Mission Terrace. She’s seen the conservatory hundreds of times, but hasn’t noticed anyone going inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know anything about it, but I’ve passed it my whole life,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074410\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074410\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunnyside resident and historian Amy O’Hair poses for a portrait at Sunnyside Conservatory in San Francisco on February 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, she wants answers. What is the conservatory doing here in Sunnyside, who owns it and could she rent it out?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>An inventor’s oasis\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Sunnyside Conservatory was built by William Augustus Merralls, a British inventor and eccentric. He bought a house along what is now Monterey Boulevard in 1897, when the area was mostly rural. Land was cheap, so he also bought up seven lots around his house and then set about making the grounds his own private oasis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He collected exotic plants, and he liked to have a place for them,” said Amy O’Hair, Sunnyside resident,\u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/\"> local historian\u003c/a> and author of the forthcoming book, \u003cem>History Walks in Sunnyside\u003c/em>. She’s currently writing a book about the conservatory’s history.[aside postID=news_12074121 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260123-ITALIANNORTHBEACH-06-BL-KQED.jpg']Merralls made his money designing and patenting mining equipment. He had more than 20 different patents, mostly for machines that helped extract ever smaller amounts of gold from rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He did well, but whatever he got he spent on his projects,” O’Hair said. “He had a restless mind, always wanting to invent new things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of his inventions were practical, others less so. He invented an automobile starter, a refrigerator and a “deep breathing developer,” a contraption for his wife, Temperance Laura, who was fascinated by alternative medicine. The details of how it actually worked have been lost to time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1902, he built the conservatory, a building beautifully crafted out of redwood in Victorian style. In addition to collecting exotic plants, Merralls also loved astronomy. He built himself an observatory on the back of his house. And he loved luxury items; his house had two grand pianos and a private bowling alley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He apparently didn’t need to live amongst his peers,” O’Hair said. “He was a very independent-minded man, and he was happy out here in his own enclave with all of his toys in the house and all of those plants out here in the conservatory and a wife he loved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his wife, Temperance Laura, lived in Sunnyside, enjoying their house and its grounds until 1914, when Merralls tragically died in a train accident while visiting a friend in Alameda. By that point, he had sunk all his money into various pursuits that hadn’t paid off, and when he died, Temperance Laura couldn’t afford to keep living on their estate in Sunnyside. The bank repossessed the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Second act as swindler’s hideout\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The property sat empty and neglected for three years before another odd couple, Ernest and Angele Van Beckh, came along and \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/2023/07/18/the-king-of-the-clairvoyants-the-man-who-bought-the-sunnyside-conservatory/\">bought it in 1919\u003c/a>. Ernest Van Beckh was a con man, a member of the \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/2023/07/18/the-king-of-the-clairvoyants-the-man-who-bought-the-sunnyside-conservatory/\">“Big Five” \u003c/a>whose exploits selling worthless mining shares to unsuspecting people and stealing their money were splashed across the newspapers in 1916.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the district attorney brought charges against Van Beckh, he got off when witnesses the prosecution had lined up to testify “just kind of went away,” as Amy put it. One went back to Montana. Another decided not to press charges. And Ernest avoided jail time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074414\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074414\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1341\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED-1536x1030.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunnyside Conservatory circa 1975, when it had fallen into disrepair. Here, the east wing still stands, but it was later knocked down. \u003ccite>(Greg Gaar/San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They made millions of dollars in the 1910s,” O’Hair said. “And some of that money went towards buying this property. This was their hideout.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Van Beckhs would live here for decades. Ernest died in 1951, but Angele stayed on through the early ‘60s, although she too started to have money problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She slowly sold off all the property to a neighbor,” O’Hair said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighbors were friends who built their own house on the other side of the conservatory — what is now 234 Monterey Boulevard. While Angele was living there, the two families enjoyed the conservatory and its grounds as one shared yard. But when they moved away, the property lines became a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Saving the conservatory again and again\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 1974, Angele’s friends sold their house at 234 Monterey Boulevard and the property with the conservatory on it to a man named Robert Anderson. He started delineating the different lots with an eye to \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/2025/04/18/saving-sunnyside-conservatory/\">developing the property\u003c/a> further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, neighbors started getting interested in preserving the conservatory as a historic landmark. The \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysideassociation.org/\">Sunnyside Neighborhood Association\u003c/a> had just formed, and its members started researching the conservatory’s history with a goal to get it landmarked by the city.[aside postID=news_11958380 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/BlueHouse_Flickr.png']“They wanted to save it from demolition,” O’Hair said. After World War II, \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/2025/12/07/sunnyside-upzoned/\">Sunnyside was rezoned \u003c/a>to allow for more apartment buildings, which started popping up along Monterey Boulevard throughout the 1950s, 60s and 70s. “And they didn’t want to see this property go for apartment buildings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neighbors were successful in getting the \u003ca href=\"https://default.sfplanning.org/Preservation/bulletins/HistPres_Bulletin_09.PDF\">conservatory landmarked in 1975\u003c/a>, which theoretically should have preserved it. However, the owner, Robert Anderson, still managed to get a permit to demolish it. Neighbors had no idea about his plan until they spotted construction equipment at work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was riding my bicycle along Monterey Boulevard,” neighbor \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v70K3B-inOg\">Greg Garr said in an interview with Amy O’Hair\u003c/a>. “I think I was going to City College at that time. And I passed by the Sunnyside Conservatory, and I saw heavy equipment in there. And part of the building had been removed. And I said, ‘What the heck? I mean, are they demolishing it?’ I knew it was a registered historic landmark.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called his representative and City Hall, clamoring to stop the demolition. Those efforts were successful, but the damage had been done. The structure was damaged, and almost all the windows had been knocked out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an emergency now,” O’Hair said. “The city needed to buy the property. What good is a landmark if you don’t own the property under it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074238\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074238\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A stock certificate of William Merralls, who built Sunnyside Conservatory, is shown by Amy O’Hair at Sunnyside Conservatory in San Francisco on February 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1980, the city bought the land from Robert Anderson using the \u003ca href=\"https://generalplan.sfplanning.org/I3_Recreation_and_Open_Space.htm#:~:text=San%20Francisco%20values%20its%20recreation,the%20combination%20of%20the%20two.\">Open Space Fund\u003c/a>. And for many years after, the Sunnyside Neighborhood Association did its best to look after the building, but it fell into disrepair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All those years in the 90s when it had no glass, and you could climb right over [the fence], there was always graffiti and beer bottles,” O’Hair remembered. “And Rec and Park didn’t really take care of the grounds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, it was another neighbor, \u003ca href=\"https://calhortsociety.org/2020/01/29/ted-kipping/\">Ted Kipping\u003c/a>, who tended the beautiful trees and plants William Merralls had planted all those years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One time, when I was talking to him, he said, ‘I spent $1,000 a month on water,’” O’Hair said. “I don’t know if it’s true. But he was very important to preserving some of the specialness of the grounds, for which I’m thankful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Renovating the conservatory\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 1999, another neighborhood group formed — \u003ca href=\"https://www.sunnysideconservatory.org/about\">Friends of Sunnyside Conservatory\u003c/a>. They set ambitious fundraising goals and worked with San Francisco Rec and Park to execute a multimillion-dollar renovation of the building that would restore it to its original glory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the building was under renovation, yet another neighbor came forward with a piece of history to share. When the building and grounds were sold in 1974, and it looked like the old place might be demolished by Robert Anderson, this neighbor had saved the wooden spire from the top of the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074241\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074241\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunnyside Conservatory contains a sign indicating that it is a city landmark in San Francisco on February 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He kept it in his garage for 30 years, bringing it out and offering it to the builders as they renovated. Unfortunately, by then it was rotting, but the builders made an exact replica and covered it in copper. That spire sits on top of the building to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a community-led effort, top to bottom,” O’Hair said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory has since become a symbol for Sunnyside residents. It was the first campaign that brought neighbors together, fighting for something that makes their corner of San Francisco special and unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Rec and Park now maintains the building and grounds, but \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/665/Sunnyside-Conservatory\">they do rent it out\u003c/a>. Sunnyside neighborhood groups get a bit of a deal, but there have been plenty of weddings, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> If you’ve been listening to the show for a while you may have intuited by now, but San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park is one of my absolute favorite places. I love all its nooks and crannies, the unique playgrounds, those long undulating pathways. But I’d argue the crown jewel of the park is the Conservatory of Flowers, partly because of the incredible and rare plants housed inside…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>News Clip: \u003c/strong>The rare corpse flower at the Conservatory of flowers is now open to view and smell.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Like the corpse flower, which only blooms for 48 hours every 3-5 years! And stands more than 6 feet tall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Conservatory of Flowers is also renowned for its architecture. A Victorian glass building – delicate, intricate – topped with a stately domed roof. It’s like nothing else in the city! Or so I thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out San Francisco has \u003cem>another\u003c/em> conservatory across town near Glen Park. It’s much smaller, only a quarter the size, but still lovely. I’m talking about Sunnyside Conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mary Balmana: \u003c/strong>My name is Mary Balmana. I live in the Mission Terrace area of San Francisco, and I don’t know anything about it, but I’ve passed it my whole life, basically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>Mary drives by Sunnyside Conservatory on Monterey Boulevard often, but never sees anyone going in or out. She wants to know its history – and how such a curious building ended up in what is otherwise a very residential area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious editor and producer Katrina Schwartz is here to tell us all about it. Hi, Katrina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Hi Olivia\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Maybe you could start by just painting a picture of the conservatory as it looks now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The Sunnyside Conservatory is set back from the street a little ways and is surrounded by a lush garden with huge palm trees, ferns and beautiful flowering bushes. It kind of feels like a cloud forest right in the middle of a residential neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> What about the building itself?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The building is made of redwood and features a two story octagonal center that dominates the senses. Two levels of windows that let in beautiful amounts of light…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> What kind of fabulous plants are inside? Anything to rival the corpse flower?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Sadly, this conservatory no longer has plants inside at all. It’s now used as an events space. But when it was first built in 1902, it was the pride of its owner – who was just the first of a line of quirky residents the property has had over its 100 or so years. Let’s meet some of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>It was built by an eccentric and unique man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Amy O’Hair runs the Sunnyside History Project and lives nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>He was an inventor, William Augustus Merralls, he moved here to Sunnyside when there was very little on Monterey Boulevard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Even though Sunnyside is part of San Francisco now, back then the area was rural. Picture a smattering of houses and dairy farms. Merralls bought a big house here in 1897 and then several adjoining plots of land over the next few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>He accumulated seven lots, and then built his conservatory in 1902. He collected exotic plants and he liked to have a place for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Merralls made his money engineering mining equipment — but his true heart’s desire was invention. Over the years he invented dozens of things, some useful stuff, and some less so. Amy actually met his great grandson, who had some of Merralls’ old papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>I thought I’d show you some stuff. Things that belonged to William Merrill’s like his patents. So I have all the patents for things that he made. This is a stamp mill. That’s a thing that crushes rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/strong>Look at those seals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Yes, they’re very fancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>This is a letter he wrote while he was in New York City raising money for the automobile starters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/strong>Will you read a little bit of it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Darling, you should see the Merralls starter at work on that big engine. You would be tickled to pieces. It is a dandy. And when you come on for Thanksgiving, you shall be the first lady to ride in an automobile that has the only commercial, perfect self-starter in the world, and that one is a Merralls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/strong>He’s like promoting himself to his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>To his wife, for God’s sake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> The thing is, Merralls probably had his hand in one too many projects. He had a tendency to move on before things were finished and he was sued a number of times. By the time of his death in 1914, he was having money problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Mmm. Unfortunately, you can’t just create the thing, but you have to sell it too…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Yes, and unfortunately that meant that when he died, the bank repossessed the whole property, including the conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> What happened to it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> The house and its grounds sat empty for three years and then another couple bought it. The next in the line of curious owners…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>The name of this couple was Ernest and Angel Van Beck. They were very strange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Ernest Van Bech was essentially a scam artist. He made a boatload of money selling worthless mining bonds to people…basically swindling them out of their money. The district attorney even brought charges, but when the witnesses didn’t show up to testify, they had to let Ernest go. And he lived out his life on the property with the conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Ernest would not show his face. There were a lot of rumors about him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Kind of the Boo Radley of Sunnyside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> He really was. The neighborhood kids were all afraid of him. But after decades living in the house next to the conservatory he died in 1951. His wife, Angele, kept living there, but she needed money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>She slowly sold off all the property to a neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The neighbors were friends of hers. They built a house on the other side of the conservatory — the east wing of the building was actually in their backyard. At the time, that wasn’t a big deal because Angele and her friends basically shared the conservatory and its grounds like one big yard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>But eventually Angele moved away and her friends sold their home – and they leave behind the conservatory, which now straddles two properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Is this foreshadowing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>This is foreshadowing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>We’ll find out what happened after this quick break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sponsor message\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Alright, Katrina, you were telling us what happened to the conservatory after Angele Van Beck and her friends next door moved away and sold the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> The bulk of the conservatory and its grounds ended up in the hands of a man named Robert Anderson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>It’s 1975 by now, and there’s a lot of local interest in the conservatory as a historic structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>People who live nearby had grown attached to the conservatory. They view it as a symbol of the neighborhood. A group called the Sunnyside Neighborhood Association forms and they start researching the history of the conservatory in order to get it landmarked as a historic building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>They wanted to save it from demolition because in the 50s and 60s and 70s, along Monterey Boulevard, we’d had so many empty lots, and it was rezoned after the war, that apartment buildings were growing up all the way along it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The neighbors succeeded in getting the building landmarked, but that didn’t keep it safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>But then Robert Anderson decided he actually would build some apartment buildings and he got a permit to demolish the conservatory, which he attempted to do at the end of 1978. And it was only saved because of two people who had their eye on the conservatory. Greg Gaar is one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greg Garr: \u003c/strong>Well, I was riding my bicycle along Monterey Boulevard. I think I was going to City College at that time. And I passed by the Sunnyside Conservatory and I saw heavy equipment in there. And part of the building had been removed. And I said, what the heck? I mean, are they demolishing it? I knew it was a registered historic landmark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Greg Garr and other neighbors started frantically calling city hall and they got the demolition halted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>When they were done, the glass was knocked out of most of the windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music starts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> This seems like an impasse. Robert Anderson can’t knock the conservatory down and build anything new – but he owns it. So what happens?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Well, the city buys the land from him. But there wasn’t any money to renovate the building then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Sunnyside Neighborhood Association tried to get it renovated and they looked after it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>They scraped graffiti off the building and boarded up all the broken windows to keep rain out. But unfortunately the whole thing was falling into disrepair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some point in the 1980s, the east wing of the conservatory – the part that crossed over onto another property – it gets knocked down, leaving the building looking kind of lopsided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>And it is a loss, because it’s no longer, it’s whole, whole self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Wait, after saving it from being knocked down by the developer…part of it was still demolished?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Yes, sadly. Amy says the circumstances are a bit mysterious, but that eastern wing is in photos of the conservatory through early 1980 and then it’s just gone. If you go there now, there’s a fence right up against the main part of the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Sounds like these neighbors really had to be vigilant to keep this thing from being torn down completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> You know, they did their best. And there was a man who lived behind the conservatory…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Whose name was Ted Kipping. And he was a professional botanist, arborist, and plant collector, and photographer, speaker. Very ambitious, very dedicated. He took care of the grounds in the 90s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> The conservatory becomes something of a pet project for him. A very expensive one…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>One time, when I was talking to him, he said, I spent $1,000 a month on water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> How does it turn into the beautiful building it is today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>A group called the Friends of Sunnyside Conservatory forms in 1999 and spend about 10 years raising money and getting San Francisco Rec and Park on board. They did a big multimillion dollar renovation in the 2000s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reopening video clip: \u003c/strong>We’re here at the Sunnyside’s Conservatory that’s re-opening and this has been a long fought community effort to make this happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>There was a big party at the conservatory to celebrate its reopening in 2009. Then mayor Gavin Newsom was there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Gavin Newsom: \u003c/strong>In a hundred years they’ll be talking about, in 2009…\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Everyone was so excited that this neighborhood gem had been restored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reopening video clip: \u003c/strong>Here’s the original spire. It was somewhere up there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>The conservatory has a spire?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Yes — the original 1902 building that William Merralls built had a redwood spire on top. And a neighbor kept that spire in his garage for 30 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>This man volunteered this finial, redwood finial from the original building and said, well, here it is. You know, you can put it back on the new building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> And did they?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Well, by then it was fairly rotten. So, instead they made an exact replica, covered it in copper and that’s what’s now on top of the current building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> A bit of a cherry on top, if you will. So now the neighborhood has this pretty special place for everyone to enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Not only that, but working to preserve the conservatory brought the community together\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>Thanks for sharing this history with us, Katrina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> My pleasure. And if you haven’t been to the Sunnyside Conservatory, you should really check it out!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> One thing I love about the Bay Area is that most neighborhoods have little gems like this one. They’re usually not things people would go out of their way to visit…but they do make each little corner of this area special. If you’ve got a spot near you that you’ve always wondered about, head on over to bay curious dot org and submit a question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re interested to know more about Sunnyside, Amy O’Hair has a book called \u003cem>History Walks of Sunnyside\u003c/em> coming out very soon. So keep your eyes peeled for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’ve been enjoying the double dose of Bay Curious we’ve been putting out this month, consider making a donation to KQED to support our work. Every little bit helps, just head over to KQED dot or slash donate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale and me, Olivia Allen Price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey and everyone on team KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Have a great week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "The Eccentric Personalities Behind Sunnyside Conservatory, a 120-Year-Old Garden in San Francisco | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco’s \u003c/a>Sunnyside neighborhood, just west of Glen Park, isn’t actually very sunny. In fact, it’s one of the foggier places in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of its main thoroughfares, Monterey Boulevard, carries drivers west towards tonier places like St. Francis Wood, passing many houses and apartment buildings along the way. But slow down a little, and you might catch a glimpse of a building that feels out of the ordinary in this residential place — Sunnyside Conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Set back from the street and tucked behind a wrought iron gate, the octagonal redwood building has two stories of windows surrounded by a lush garden of towering palms, ferns and flowering bushes. It’s beautiful and old-world feeling, a unique Victorian gem on an otherwise busy street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Mary Balmana often uses Monterey Boulevard to get to her home in Mission Terrace. She’s seen the conservatory hundreds of times, but hasn’t noticed anyone going inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know anything about it, but I’ve passed it my whole life,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074410\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074410\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-sunnysideconservatory00188_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunnyside resident and historian Amy O’Hair poses for a portrait at Sunnyside Conservatory in San Francisco on February 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, she wants answers. What is the conservatory doing here in Sunnyside, who owns it and could she rent it out?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>An inventor’s oasis\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Sunnyside Conservatory was built by William Augustus Merralls, a British inventor and eccentric. He bought a house along what is now Monterey Boulevard in 1897, when the area was mostly rural. Land was cheap, so he also bought up seven lots around his house and then set about making the grounds his own private oasis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He collected exotic plants, and he liked to have a place for them,” said Amy O’Hair, Sunnyside resident,\u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/\"> local historian\u003c/a> and author of the forthcoming book, \u003cem>History Walks in Sunnyside\u003c/em>. She’s currently writing a book about the conservatory’s history.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Merralls made his money designing and patenting mining equipment. He had more than 20 different patents, mostly for machines that helped extract ever smaller amounts of gold from rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He did well, but whatever he got he spent on his projects,” O’Hair said. “He had a restless mind, always wanting to invent new things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of his inventions were practical, others less so. He invented an automobile starter, a refrigerator and a “deep breathing developer,” a contraption for his wife, Temperance Laura, who was fascinated by alternative medicine. The details of how it actually worked have been lost to time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1902, he built the conservatory, a building beautifully crafted out of redwood in Victorian style. In addition to collecting exotic plants, Merralls also loved astronomy. He built himself an observatory on the back of his house. And he loved luxury items; his house had two grand pianos and a private bowling alley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He apparently didn’t need to live amongst his peers,” O’Hair said. “He was a very independent-minded man, and he was happy out here in his own enclave with all of his toys in the house and all of those plants out here in the conservatory and a wife he loved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his wife, Temperance Laura, lived in Sunnyside, enjoying their house and its grounds until 1914, when Merralls tragically died in a train accident while visiting a friend in Alameda. By that point, he had sunk all his money into various pursuits that hadn’t paid off, and when he died, Temperance Laura couldn’t afford to keep living on their estate in Sunnyside. The bank repossessed the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Second act as swindler’s hideout\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The property sat empty and neglected for three years before another odd couple, Ernest and Angele Van Beckh, came along and \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/2023/07/18/the-king-of-the-clairvoyants-the-man-who-bought-the-sunnyside-conservatory/\">bought it in 1919\u003c/a>. Ernest Van Beckh was a con man, a member of the \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/2023/07/18/the-king-of-the-clairvoyants-the-man-who-bought-the-sunnyside-conservatory/\">“Big Five” \u003c/a>whose exploits selling worthless mining shares to unsuspecting people and stealing their money were splashed across the newspapers in 1916.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the district attorney brought charges against Van Beckh, he got off when witnesses the prosecution had lined up to testify “just kind of went away,” as Amy put it. One went back to Montana. Another decided not to press charges. And Ernest avoided jail time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074414\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074414\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1341\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260224-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY-CIRCA-1975-KQED-1536x1030.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunnyside Conservatory circa 1975, when it had fallen into disrepair. Here, the east wing still stands, but it was later knocked down. \u003ccite>(Greg Gaar/San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They made millions of dollars in the 1910s,” O’Hair said. “And some of that money went towards buying this property. This was their hideout.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Van Beckhs would live here for decades. Ernest died in 1951, but Angele stayed on through the early ‘60s, although she too started to have money problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She slowly sold off all the property to a neighbor,” O’Hair said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighbors were friends who built their own house on the other side of the conservatory — what is now 234 Monterey Boulevard. While Angele was living there, the two families enjoyed the conservatory and its grounds as one shared yard. But when they moved away, the property lines became a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Saving the conservatory again and again\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 1974, Angele’s friends sold their house at 234 Monterey Boulevard and the property with the conservatory on it to a man named Robert Anderson. He started delineating the different lots with an eye to \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/2025/04/18/saving-sunnyside-conservatory/\">developing the property\u003c/a> further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, neighbors started getting interested in preserving the conservatory as a historic landmark. The \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysideassociation.org/\">Sunnyside Neighborhood Association\u003c/a> had just formed, and its members started researching the conservatory’s history with a goal to get it landmarked by the city.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“They wanted to save it from demolition,” O’Hair said. After World War II, \u003ca href=\"https://sunnysidehistory.org/2025/12/07/sunnyside-upzoned/\">Sunnyside was rezoned \u003c/a>to allow for more apartment buildings, which started popping up along Monterey Boulevard throughout the 1950s, 60s and 70s. “And they didn’t want to see this property go for apartment buildings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neighbors were successful in getting the \u003ca href=\"https://default.sfplanning.org/Preservation/bulletins/HistPres_Bulletin_09.PDF\">conservatory landmarked in 1975\u003c/a>, which theoretically should have preserved it. However, the owner, Robert Anderson, still managed to get a permit to demolish it. Neighbors had no idea about his plan until they spotted construction equipment at work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was riding my bicycle along Monterey Boulevard,” neighbor \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v70K3B-inOg\">Greg Garr said in an interview with Amy O’Hair\u003c/a>. “I think I was going to City College at that time. And I passed by the Sunnyside Conservatory, and I saw heavy equipment in there. And part of the building had been removed. And I said, ‘What the heck? I mean, are they demolishing it?’ I knew it was a registered historic landmark.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called his representative and City Hall, clamoring to stop the demolition. Those efforts were successful, but the damage had been done. The structure was damaged, and almost all the windows had been knocked out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an emergency now,” O’Hair said. “The city needed to buy the property. What good is a landmark if you don’t own the property under it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074238\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074238\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00222_TV-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A stock certificate of William Merralls, who built Sunnyside Conservatory, is shown by Amy O’Hair at Sunnyside Conservatory in San Francisco on February 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1980, the city bought the land from Robert Anderson using the \u003ca href=\"https://generalplan.sfplanning.org/I3_Recreation_and_Open_Space.htm#:~:text=San%20Francisco%20values%20its%20recreation,the%20combination%20of%20the%20two.\">Open Space Fund\u003c/a>. And for many years after, the Sunnyside Neighborhood Association did its best to look after the building, but it fell into disrepair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All those years in the 90s when it had no glass, and you could climb right over [the fence], there was always graffiti and beer bottles,” O’Hair remembered. “And Rec and Park didn’t really take care of the grounds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, it was another neighbor, \u003ca href=\"https://calhortsociety.org/2020/01/29/ted-kipping/\">Ted Kipping\u003c/a>, who tended the beautiful trees and plants William Merralls had planted all those years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One time, when I was talking to him, he said, ‘I spent $1,000 a month on water,’” O’Hair said. “I don’t know if it’s true. But he was very important to preserving some of the specialness of the grounds, for which I’m thankful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Renovating the conservatory\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 1999, another neighborhood group formed — \u003ca href=\"https://www.sunnysideconservatory.org/about\">Friends of Sunnyside Conservatory\u003c/a>. They set ambitious fundraising goals and worked with San Francisco Rec and Park to execute a multimillion-dollar renovation of the building that would restore it to its original glory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the building was under renovation, yet another neighbor came forward with a piece of history to share. When the building and grounds were sold in 1974, and it looked like the old place might be demolished by Robert Anderson, this neighbor had saved the wooden spire from the top of the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074241\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074241\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260221-SUNNYSIDECONSERVATORY00362_TV-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunnyside Conservatory contains a sign indicating that it is a city landmark in San Francisco on February 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He kept it in his garage for 30 years, bringing it out and offering it to the builders as they renovated. Unfortunately, by then it was rotting, but the builders made an exact replica and covered it in copper. That spire sits on top of the building to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a community-led effort, top to bottom,” O’Hair said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory has since become a symbol for Sunnyside residents. It was the first campaign that brought neighbors together, fighting for something that makes their corner of San Francisco special and unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Rec and Park now maintains the building and grounds, but \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/665/Sunnyside-Conservatory\">they do rent it out\u003c/a>. Sunnyside neighborhood groups get a bit of a deal, but there have been plenty of weddings, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> If you’ve been listening to the show for a while you may have intuited by now, but San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park is one of my absolute favorite places. I love all its nooks and crannies, the unique playgrounds, those long undulating pathways. But I’d argue the crown jewel of the park is the Conservatory of Flowers, partly because of the incredible and rare plants housed inside…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>News Clip: \u003c/strong>The rare corpse flower at the Conservatory of flowers is now open to view and smell.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Like the corpse flower, which only blooms for 48 hours every 3-5 years! And stands more than 6 feet tall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Conservatory of Flowers is also renowned for its architecture. A Victorian glass building – delicate, intricate – topped with a stately domed roof. It’s like nothing else in the city! Or so I thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out San Francisco has \u003cem>another\u003c/em> conservatory across town near Glen Park. It’s much smaller, only a quarter the size, but still lovely. I’m talking about Sunnyside Conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mary Balmana: \u003c/strong>My name is Mary Balmana. I live in the Mission Terrace area of San Francisco, and I don’t know anything about it, but I’ve passed it my whole life, basically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>Mary drives by Sunnyside Conservatory on Monterey Boulevard often, but never sees anyone going in or out. She wants to know its history – and how such a curious building ended up in what is otherwise a very residential area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious editor and producer Katrina Schwartz is here to tell us all about it. Hi, Katrina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Hi Olivia\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Maybe you could start by just painting a picture of the conservatory as it looks now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The Sunnyside Conservatory is set back from the street a little ways and is surrounded by a lush garden with huge palm trees, ferns and beautiful flowering bushes. It kind of feels like a cloud forest right in the middle of a residential neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> What about the building itself?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The building is made of redwood and features a two story octagonal center that dominates the senses. Two levels of windows that let in beautiful amounts of light…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> What kind of fabulous plants are inside? Anything to rival the corpse flower?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Sadly, this conservatory no longer has plants inside at all. It’s now used as an events space. But when it was first built in 1902, it was the pride of its owner – who was just the first of a line of quirky residents the property has had over its 100 or so years. Let’s meet some of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>It was built by an eccentric and unique man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Amy O’Hair runs the Sunnyside History Project and lives nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>He was an inventor, William Augustus Merralls, he moved here to Sunnyside when there was very little on Monterey Boulevard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Even though Sunnyside is part of San Francisco now, back then the area was rural. Picture a smattering of houses and dairy farms. Merralls bought a big house here in 1897 and then several adjoining plots of land over the next few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>He accumulated seven lots, and then built his conservatory in 1902. He collected exotic plants and he liked to have a place for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Merralls made his money engineering mining equipment — but his true heart’s desire was invention. Over the years he invented dozens of things, some useful stuff, and some less so. Amy actually met his great grandson, who had some of Merralls’ old papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>I thought I’d show you some stuff. Things that belonged to William Merrill’s like his patents. So I have all the patents for things that he made. This is a stamp mill. That’s a thing that crushes rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/strong>Look at those seals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Yes, they’re very fancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>This is a letter he wrote while he was in New York City raising money for the automobile starters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/strong>Will you read a little bit of it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Darling, you should see the Merralls starter at work on that big engine. You would be tickled to pieces. It is a dandy. And when you come on for Thanksgiving, you shall be the first lady to ride in an automobile that has the only commercial, perfect self-starter in the world, and that one is a Merralls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/strong>He’s like promoting himself to his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>To his wife, for God’s sake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> The thing is, Merralls probably had his hand in one too many projects. He had a tendency to move on before things were finished and he was sued a number of times. By the time of his death in 1914, he was having money problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Mmm. Unfortunately, you can’t just create the thing, but you have to sell it too…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Yes, and unfortunately that meant that when he died, the bank repossessed the whole property, including the conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> What happened to it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> The house and its grounds sat empty for three years and then another couple bought it. The next in the line of curious owners…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>The name of this couple was Ernest and Angel Van Beck. They were very strange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Ernest Van Bech was essentially a scam artist. He made a boatload of money selling worthless mining bonds to people…basically swindling them out of their money. The district attorney even brought charges, but when the witnesses didn’t show up to testify, they had to let Ernest go. And he lived out his life on the property with the conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Ernest would not show his face. There were a lot of rumors about him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Kind of the Boo Radley of Sunnyside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> He really was. The neighborhood kids were all afraid of him. But after decades living in the house next to the conservatory he died in 1951. His wife, Angele, kept living there, but she needed money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>She slowly sold off all the property to a neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The neighbors were friends of hers. They built a house on the other side of the conservatory — the east wing of the building was actually in their backyard. At the time, that wasn’t a big deal because Angele and her friends basically shared the conservatory and its grounds like one big yard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>But eventually Angele moved away and her friends sold their home – and they leave behind the conservatory, which now straddles two properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Is this foreshadowing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>This is foreshadowing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>We’ll find out what happened after this quick break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sponsor message\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Alright, Katrina, you were telling us what happened to the conservatory after Angele Van Beck and her friends next door moved away and sold the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> The bulk of the conservatory and its grounds ended up in the hands of a man named Robert Anderson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>It’s 1975 by now, and there’s a lot of local interest in the conservatory as a historic structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>People who live nearby had grown attached to the conservatory. They view it as a symbol of the neighborhood. A group called the Sunnyside Neighborhood Association forms and they start researching the history of the conservatory in order to get it landmarked as a historic building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>They wanted to save it from demolition because in the 50s and 60s and 70s, along Monterey Boulevard, we’d had so many empty lots, and it was rezoned after the war, that apartment buildings were growing up all the way along it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The neighbors succeeded in getting the building landmarked, but that didn’t keep it safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>But then Robert Anderson decided he actually would build some apartment buildings and he got a permit to demolish the conservatory, which he attempted to do at the end of 1978. And it was only saved because of two people who had their eye on the conservatory. Greg Gaar is one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greg Garr: \u003c/strong>Well, I was riding my bicycle along Monterey Boulevard. I think I was going to City College at that time. And I passed by the Sunnyside Conservatory and I saw heavy equipment in there. And part of the building had been removed. And I said, what the heck? I mean, are they demolishing it? I knew it was a registered historic landmark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Greg Garr and other neighbors started frantically calling city hall and they got the demolition halted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>When they were done, the glass was knocked out of most of the windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music starts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> This seems like an impasse. Robert Anderson can’t knock the conservatory down and build anything new – but he owns it. So what happens?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Well, the city buys the land from him. But there wasn’t any money to renovate the building then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Sunnyside Neighborhood Association tried to get it renovated and they looked after it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>They scraped graffiti off the building and boarded up all the broken windows to keep rain out. But unfortunately the whole thing was falling into disrepair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some point in the 1980s, the east wing of the conservatory – the part that crossed over onto another property – it gets knocked down, leaving the building looking kind of lopsided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>And it is a loss, because it’s no longer, it’s whole, whole self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Wait, after saving it from being knocked down by the developer…part of it was still demolished?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Yes, sadly. Amy says the circumstances are a bit mysterious, but that eastern wing is in photos of the conservatory through early 1980 and then it’s just gone. If you go there now, there’s a fence right up against the main part of the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> Sounds like these neighbors really had to be vigilant to keep this thing from being torn down completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> You know, they did their best. And there was a man who lived behind the conservatory…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>Whose name was Ted Kipping. And he was a professional botanist, arborist, and plant collector, and photographer, speaker. Very ambitious, very dedicated. He took care of the grounds in the 90s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> The conservatory becomes something of a pet project for him. A very expensive one…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>One time, when I was talking to him, he said, I spent $1,000 a month on water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> How does it turn into the beautiful building it is today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>A group called the Friends of Sunnyside Conservatory forms in 1999 and spend about 10 years raising money and getting San Francisco Rec and Park on board. They did a big multimillion dollar renovation in the 2000s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reopening video clip: \u003c/strong>We’re here at the Sunnyside’s Conservatory that’s re-opening and this has been a long fought community effort to make this happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>There was a big party at the conservatory to celebrate its reopening in 2009. Then mayor Gavin Newsom was there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Gavin Newsom: \u003c/strong>In a hundred years they’ll be talking about, in 2009…\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Everyone was so excited that this neighborhood gem had been restored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reopening video clip: \u003c/strong>Here’s the original spire. It was somewhere up there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>The conservatory has a spire?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Yes — the original 1902 building that William Merralls built had a redwood spire on top. And a neighbor kept that spire in his garage for 30 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Amy O’Hair: \u003c/strong>This man volunteered this finial, redwood finial from the original building and said, well, here it is. You know, you can put it back on the new building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> And did they?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Well, by then it was fairly rotten. So, instead they made an exact replica, covered it in copper and that’s what’s now on top of the current building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> A bit of a cherry on top, if you will. So now the neighborhood has this pretty special place for everyone to enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Not only that, but working to preserve the conservatory brought the community together\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>Thanks for sharing this history with us, Katrina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> My pleasure. And if you haven’t been to the Sunnyside Conservatory, you should really check it out!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> One thing I love about the Bay Area is that most neighborhoods have little gems like this one. They’re usually not things people would go out of their way to visit…but they do make each little corner of this area special. If you’ve got a spot near you that you’ve always wondered about, head on over to bay curious dot org and submit a question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re interested to know more about Sunnyside, Amy O’Hair has a book called \u003cem>History Walks of Sunnyside\u003c/em> coming out very soon. So keep your eyes peeled for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’ve been enjoying the double dose of Bay Curious we’ve been putting out this month, consider making a donation to KQED to support our work. Every little bit helps, just head over to KQED dot or slash donate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale and me, Olivia Allen Price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey and everyone on team KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Have a great week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>"
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"title": "Hundreds Rally in San Francisco Against US-Israel Strikes on Iran",
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"content": "\u003cp>Protesters gathered Saturday outside the federal building in San Francisco to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074989/bay-area-lawmakers-rebuke-trump-over-iran-strikes-war-authority\">denounce U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran\u003c/a>, rallying less than a day after the military action was announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the plaza, demonstrators marched into downtown streets, chanting against war and calling for an end to U.S. involvement in the region. Signs criticized military spending and condemned both major political parties, with some participants voicing opposition to immigration enforcement and others carrying anti-war slogans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The protest came amid heightened tensions between the United States and Iran. President Donald Trump said Saturday that the latest strikes had killed Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the nation’s supreme leader for nearly 37 years and a long‑time foe of both Israel and the United States — a development that could trigger a major political and regional shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yasmine Mortazavi, an Iranian American and member of the Party for Socialism and Liberation, said she learned of the strikes after waking up Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still in a bit of shock,” she told KQED. “I’m not surprised. This is what I would expect from a U.S.-Israeli action like this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075009\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075009\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_019-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_019-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_019-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_019-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of demonstrators march near Seventh and Market streets after departing the San Francisco Federal Building during a “Hands Off Iran” rally Feb. 28, 2026, in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mortazavi said her immediate family members were recently in Iran and that she has extended family there as well. She has not heard from her immediate family since the strikes but said friends are evacuating.[aside postID=news_12074989 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2263410238-1-scaled.jpg']She acknowledged that Iranian Americans hold a range of political views, including some who support U.S. intervention, but said she believes the future of Iran should be determined by its people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Iranian people in Iran can decide the future of their country,” she said. “War, I don’t think, is going to help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to the crowd, Mortazavi challenged what she described as a narrative that Iranians broadly support U.S. and Israeli military action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want you to believe that every Iranian … is cheering on the United States and Israel,” she said. “That is unequivocally false.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She urged attendees to continue organizing beyond the rally and announced plans for additional demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075006\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075006\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_008-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_008-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_008-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_008-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A demonstrator holds an Iranian flag as protesters gather outside the San Francisco Federal Building during a “Hands Off Iran” rally Feb. 28, 2026, in San Francisco. The demonstration called for an end to U.S. involvement in the strikes on Iran. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dina Saadeh, an organizer with the Palestinian Youth Movement, said multiple groups mobilized quickly in response to the strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m angered today,” Saadeh told KQED. “People here don’t want to see our country engaged in more endless war.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saadeh described the protest as part of a broader effort to oppose sanctions, military escalation and what she called U.S. imperialism. She said participants were calling on elected officials to redirect public funds toward domestic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want money for jobs and education, not for war and occupation,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mbernal\">María Fernanda Bernal\u003c/a> contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Protesters gathered Saturday outside the federal building in San Francisco to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074989/bay-area-lawmakers-rebuke-trump-over-iran-strikes-war-authority\">denounce U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran\u003c/a>, rallying less than a day after the military action was announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the plaza, demonstrators marched into downtown streets, chanting against war and calling for an end to U.S. involvement in the region. Signs criticized military spending and condemned both major political parties, with some participants voicing opposition to immigration enforcement and others carrying anti-war slogans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The protest came amid heightened tensions between the United States and Iran. President Donald Trump said Saturday that the latest strikes had killed Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the nation’s supreme leader for nearly 37 years and a long‑time foe of both Israel and the United States — a development that could trigger a major political and regional shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yasmine Mortazavi, an Iranian American and member of the Party for Socialism and Liberation, said she learned of the strikes after waking up Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still in a bit of shock,” she told KQED. “I’m not surprised. This is what I would expect from a U.S.-Israeli action like this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075009\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075009\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_019-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_019-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_019-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_019-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of demonstrators march near Seventh and Market streets after departing the San Francisco Federal Building during a “Hands Off Iran” rally Feb. 28, 2026, in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mortazavi said her immediate family members were recently in Iran and that she has extended family there as well. She has not heard from her immediate family since the strikes but said friends are evacuating.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>She acknowledged that Iranian Americans hold a range of political views, including some who support U.S. intervention, but said she believes the future of Iran should be determined by its people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Iranian people in Iran can decide the future of their country,” she said. “War, I don’t think, is going to help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to the crowd, Mortazavi challenged what she described as a narrative that Iranians broadly support U.S. and Israeli military action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want you to believe that every Iranian … is cheering on the United States and Israel,” she said. “That is unequivocally false.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She urged attendees to continue organizing beyond the rally and announced plans for additional demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075006\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075006\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_008-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_008-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_008-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_008-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A demonstrator holds an Iranian flag as protesters gather outside the San Francisco Federal Building during a “Hands Off Iran” rally Feb. 28, 2026, in San Francisco. The demonstration called for an end to U.S. involvement in the strikes on Iran. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dina Saadeh, an organizer with the Palestinian Youth Movement, said multiple groups mobilized quickly in response to the strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m angered today,” Saadeh told KQED. “People here don’t want to see our country engaged in more endless war.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saadeh described the protest as part of a broader effort to oppose sanctions, military escalation and what she called U.S. imperialism. She said participants were calling on elected officials to redirect public funds toward domestic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want money for jobs and education, not for war and occupation,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mbernal\">María Fernanda Bernal\u003c/a> contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"radiolab": {
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"reveal": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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