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"content": "\u003cp>After legislative leaders failed to reach an agreement with Gov. Gavin Newsom about how to close California’s projected multibillion-dollar deficit, the Legislature passed a placeholder state budget on Thursday, just ahead of a mandatory deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With only a few weeks left until the start of the new fiscal year on July 1, both sides refuse to publicly discuss what specific issues are holding up a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s office and his Department of Finance declined to answer questions about the remaining differences with the Legislature that still need to be worked out. Representatives for Senate President Pro Tem \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/mike-mcguire-93\">Mike McGuire\u003c/a> and Assembly Speaker \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/robert-rivas-165041\">Robert Rivas\u003c/a>, who are in charge of negotiating with the governor, would not make them available to the media on Thursday after their members approved a spending plan that almost certainly will not be the actual budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a shared set of priorities,” Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/jesse-gabriel-160858\">Jesse Gabriel\u003c/a>, an Encino Democrat who leads the Assembly budget committee, told reporters following the vote. “It’s more about what are the most effective solutions, what are the programs and services that we think are the best way to go forward versus others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His counterpart on the Senate budget committee — Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/scott-wiener-100936\">Scott Wiener\u003c/a>, a San Francisco Democrat — did not respond to an interview request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/05/california-budget-deficit-newsom-may-proposal/\">presented a plan last month\u003c/a> to address what his administration estimates is a remaining funding shortfall of $56 billion over the next two years, including dipping into reserve accounts, deferring school funding, eliminating government jobs and cutting or delaying money for infrastructure, health and climate programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990469\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990469\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas talks to reporters at the Capitol in Sacramento on April 11, 2024, after the Assembly approved a measure to reduce the state budget deficit. \u003ccite>(Rich Pedroncelli/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Democratic leaders in the Legislature, where the party holds supermajorities in both houses, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/capitol/2024/05/california-budget-deficit-legislature-democrats/\">released a counterproposal a few weeks later\u003c/a>. Among the major discrepancies is a push for more substantial \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2024/05/californa-prison-closures-deficit/\">reductions to prison funding\u003c/a> to reverse some of Newsom’s proposed cuts to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2024/05/california-financial-aid-2/\">college scholarships for middle-income students\u003c/a>, public health programs, subsidized child care slots and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2024/05/may-revise-2024-homeless-housing/\">housing development\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor and the Legislature must also decide whether to repurpose billions of dollars that were \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/05/medi-cal-health-care-budget/\">earmarked to increase payments\u003c/a> for health care providers who treat lower-income patients, as Newsom has suggested, and whether to further delay \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/05/minimum-wage-health-care-deadline/\">minimum wage increases for health care workers\u003c/a>, which could potentially save the state billions of dollars but faces strong opposition from unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabriel defended the process as “exceptionally transparent,” pointing to dozens of legislative budget hearings in which he said “there’s been a very public vetting of these issues” and “opportunities for Californians to weigh in.” He said he did not think any of the final solutions would come as a surprise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11985798,news_11986893,news_11989857\"]“I think Californians have a good understanding of what the major issues are that are at stake in this process,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite ongoing negotiations over undisclosed provisions, Democratic lawmakers voted on Thursday to adopt their version of the spending plan because they must pass a balanced budget by midnight on Saturday in order to get paid. The bill passed by a vote of 29–8 in the Senate and 59–14 in the Assembly, along largely partisan lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans criticized the proposal as out of touch with Californians’ needs. They raised objections to provisions pausing some tax deductions for businesses to raise additional revenue and reversing previous commitments on expanded health care spending. Several members called out the inclusion of billions of dollars for the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2023/03/california-high-speed-rail/\">state’s troubled high-speed rail project\u003c/a> and to expand \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2023/12/undocumented-health-insurance-new-california-laws-2024/\">health care access for undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> while other programs are cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a shameful budget,” Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/kate-sanchez-165419\">Kate Sanchez\u003c/a>, a Rancho Santa Margarita Republican, said during floor debate. “This budget is heartless, it’s divisive and it’s completely detached from the reality and the struggles that Californians are actually facing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a shared set of priorities,” Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/jesse-gabriel-160858\">Jesse Gabriel\u003c/a>, an Encino Democrat who leads the Assembly budget committee, told reporters following the vote. “It’s more about what are the most effective solutions, what are the programs and services that we think are the best way to go forward versus others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His counterpart on the Senate budget committee — Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/scott-wiener-100936\">Scott Wiener\u003c/a>, a San Francisco Democrat — did not respond to an interview request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/05/california-budget-deficit-newsom-may-proposal/\">presented a plan last month\u003c/a> to address what his administration estimates is a remaining funding shortfall of $56 billion over the next two years, including dipping into reserve accounts, deferring school funding, eliminating government jobs and cutting or delaying money for infrastructure, health and climate programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990469\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990469\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/041124-Rivas-Budget-AP-CM-01-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas talks to reporters at the Capitol in Sacramento on April 11, 2024, after the Assembly approved a measure to reduce the state budget deficit. \u003ccite>(Rich Pedroncelli/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Democratic leaders in the Legislature, where the party holds supermajorities in both houses, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/capitol/2024/05/california-budget-deficit-legislature-democrats/\">released a counterproposal a few weeks later\u003c/a>. Among the major discrepancies is a push for more substantial \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2024/05/californa-prison-closures-deficit/\">reductions to prison funding\u003c/a> to reverse some of Newsom’s proposed cuts to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2024/05/california-financial-aid-2/\">college scholarships for middle-income students\u003c/a>, public health programs, subsidized child care slots and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2024/05/may-revise-2024-homeless-housing/\">housing development\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor and the Legislature must also decide whether to repurpose billions of dollars that were \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/05/medi-cal-health-care-budget/\">earmarked to increase payments\u003c/a> for health care providers who treat lower-income patients, as Newsom has suggested, and whether to further delay \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/05/minimum-wage-health-care-deadline/\">minimum wage increases for health care workers\u003c/a>, which could potentially save the state billions of dollars but faces strong opposition from unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabriel defended the process as “exceptionally transparent,” pointing to dozens of legislative budget hearings in which he said “there’s been a very public vetting of these issues” and “opportunities for Californians to weigh in.” He said he did not think any of the final solutions would come as a surprise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I think Californians have a good understanding of what the major issues are that are at stake in this process,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite ongoing negotiations over undisclosed provisions, Democratic lawmakers voted on Thursday to adopt their version of the spending plan because they must pass a balanced budget by midnight on Saturday in order to get paid. The bill passed by a vote of 29–8 in the Senate and 59–14 in the Assembly, along largely partisan lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans criticized the proposal as out of touch with Californians’ needs. They raised objections to provisions pausing some tax deductions for businesses to raise additional revenue and reversing previous commitments on expanded health care spending. Several members called out the inclusion of billions of dollars for the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2023/03/california-high-speed-rail/\">state’s troubled high-speed rail project\u003c/a> and to expand \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2023/12/undocumented-health-insurance-new-california-laws-2024/\">health care access for undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> while other programs are cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a shameful budget,” Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/kate-sanchez-165419\">Kate Sanchez\u003c/a>, a Rancho Santa Margarita Republican, said during floor debate. “This budget is heartless, it’s divisive and it’s completely detached from the reality and the struggles that Californians are actually facing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "what-the-supreme-court-ruling-on-the-abortion-pill-means-for-access-in-california",
"title": "What the Supreme Court Ruling on the Abortion Pill Means for Access in California",
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"content": "\u003cp>Medication abortion will remain widely available to Californians after the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-235_n7ip.pdf\">rejected a bid by anti-abortion groups\u003c/a> to challenge the Food and Drug Administration’s approval of the drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a unanimous vote, the High Court on Thursday said plaintiffs did not have standing to claim the FDA had inappropriately expanded access to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/abortion-in-california-laws/#9f19d20d-aa0d-463f-a93f-1f63820093df\">mifepristone\u003c/a>, also known as the abortion pill. In doing so, justices temporarily upheld FDA regulations allowing clinicians to prescribe the pill via telehealth appointment and mail-order delivery of the drug and sent the case back to the lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Specifically, FDA’s regulations apply to doctors prescribing mifepristone and to pregnant women taking mifepristone. But the plaintiff doctors and medical associations do not prescribe or use mifepristone. And FDA has not required the plaintiffs to do anything or to refrain from doing anything,” Justice Brett Kavanaugh wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine, a group representing doctors and others opposed to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/abortion/\">abortion\u003c/a>, had argued that relaxed mifepristone regulations could compel doctors with moral or religious objections to treat patients arriving at the emergency room with complications related to taking the pill. However, the ruling stated that federal law already provides comprehensive protections for clinicians who object to performing abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kavanaugh wrote, “Plaintiffs have not shown — and cannot show — that FDA’s actions will cause them to suffer any conscience injury.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision is the first abortion challenge to make it to the High Court since justices overturned Roe v. Wade and eliminated federal abortion protections in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although advocates for abortion and reproductive rights were quick to celebrate the decision, many cautioned that the case could work its way through the court system once again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While a sigh of relief, SCOTUS’ decision today was decided on standing — not merits,” Gov. Gavin Newsom said on X, formerly known as Twitter. “Make no mistake: radical anti-abortion activists will stop at nothing to deny women their rights to access reproductive care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Far from over’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Similarly, California Attorney General Rob Bonta said in a statement that the “fight for reproductive rights across the country is far from over” and reaffirmed the Department of Justice’s commitment to protecting access in California.[aside label=\"more abortion coverage\" tag=\"abortion\"]“No matter how many lawsuits they file or challenges they bring, they cannot change the facts: mifepristone is safe and effective,” Bonta said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the Supreme Court decision overturning the right to an abortion, California has \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/abortion-in-california-laws/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">strengthened abortion rights\u003c/a> and welcomed patients from states that have prohibited the procedure. Most recently, Newsom signed a law granting \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/04/california-abortion-ban-arizona/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">abortion providers from Arizona\u003c/a> an expedited licensing pathway in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alliance Defending Freedom, the group representing the plaintiffs in the abortion pill case, said in a statement that it would continue the legal battle. A lower court judge has already ruled that three states — Idaho, Missouri and Kansas — can join the case as plaintiffs. Legal experts say states often have a stronger standing argument because they have to provide access to health care services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we’re disappointed with the court’s decision, we will continue to advocate for women and work to restore commonsense safeguards for abortion drugs — like an initial office visit to screen for ectopic pregnancies. And we are grateful that three states stand ready to hold the FDA accountable for jeopardizing the health and safety of women and girls across this country,” Erin Hawley, senior counsel for the group, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Abortion pill access\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Medication abortion is the most commonly used abortion method, accounting for nearly two-thirds of all U.S. abortions, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/2024/03/medication-abortion-accounted-63-all-us-abortions-2023-increase-53-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Guttmacher Institute\u003c/a>, a national reproductive health policy center advocating for abortion rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mifepristone, the pill at the heart of the Supreme Court decision, is part of a two-drug regimen for medication abortion. It halts pregnancy by \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/questions-and-answers-mifepristone-medical-termination-pregnancy-through-ten-weeks-gestation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">blocking the hormone progesterone\u003c/a> before the second drug, misoprostol, empties the uterus by causing it to contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA approved mifepristone in 2000 and made it easier to access in 2021 when the COVID-19 pandemic made in-person dispensing requirements impossible. It is now used in nearly all medication abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cathren Cohen, a staff attorney with the UCLA Center on Reproductive Health, Law and Policy, said a ruling against the FDA could have had a destabilizing effect on all pharmaceuticals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The court, they’re not scientists, so for them to be second-guessing the people with actual authority, which is the FDA, that’s concerning,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center submitted an amicus brief to the Supreme Court on behalf of 300 reproductive health researchers detailing mifepristone’s safety record. Dozens of studies have demonstrated its safety and efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, researchers from \u003ca href=\"https://bixbycenter.ucsf.edu/news/telehealth-medication-abortion-just-safe-and-effective-person-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UCSF’s Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health\u003c/a> conducted the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-024-02834-w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">largest study of telehealth abortions\u003c/a> and found that medication abortions obtained via telehealth appointments are just as safe as those obtained through in-person medical care, with 98% of patients completing the abortion without needing additional medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Newsom announced the state would stockpile misoprostol, the second drug in the medication abortion regimen, in case the Supreme Court decision resulted in a shortage. That \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/03/abortion-pill-california-stockpile/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">stockpile has since been depleted,\u003c/a> and it was not immediately clear whether the state would replenish it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Misoprostol can be safely used alone for abortions but is more likely to have side effects when not paired with mifepristone, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6309472/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">studies show\u003c/a>. Both drugs are also commonly used to manage miscarriages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Supported by the California Health Care Foundation (CHCF), which works to ensure that people have access to the care they need, when they need it, at a price they can afford. Visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.chcf.org\u003c/a> to learn more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In its first ruling on reproductive rights since overturning Roe v. Wade, the U.S. Supreme Court on Thursday rejected a lawsuit that questioned the FDA’s approval of the abortion pill mifepristone.",
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"title": "What the Supreme Court Ruling on the Abortion Pill Means for Access in California | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Medication abortion will remain widely available to Californians after the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/23-235_n7ip.pdf\">rejected a bid by anti-abortion groups\u003c/a> to challenge the Food and Drug Administration’s approval of the drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a unanimous vote, the High Court on Thursday said plaintiffs did not have standing to claim the FDA had inappropriately expanded access to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/abortion-in-california-laws/#9f19d20d-aa0d-463f-a93f-1f63820093df\">mifepristone\u003c/a>, also known as the abortion pill. In doing so, justices temporarily upheld FDA regulations allowing clinicians to prescribe the pill via telehealth appointment and mail-order delivery of the drug and sent the case back to the lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Specifically, FDA’s regulations apply to doctors prescribing mifepristone and to pregnant women taking mifepristone. But the plaintiff doctors and medical associations do not prescribe or use mifepristone. And FDA has not required the plaintiffs to do anything or to refrain from doing anything,” Justice Brett Kavanaugh wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine, a group representing doctors and others opposed to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/abortion/\">abortion\u003c/a>, had argued that relaxed mifepristone regulations could compel doctors with moral or religious objections to treat patients arriving at the emergency room with complications related to taking the pill. However, the ruling stated that federal law already provides comprehensive protections for clinicians who object to performing abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kavanaugh wrote, “Plaintiffs have not shown — and cannot show — that FDA’s actions will cause them to suffer any conscience injury.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision is the first abortion challenge to make it to the High Court since justices overturned Roe v. Wade and eliminated federal abortion protections in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although advocates for abortion and reproductive rights were quick to celebrate the decision, many cautioned that the case could work its way through the court system once again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While a sigh of relief, SCOTUS’ decision today was decided on standing — not merits,” Gov. Gavin Newsom said on X, formerly known as Twitter. “Make no mistake: radical anti-abortion activists will stop at nothing to deny women their rights to access reproductive care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Far from over’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Similarly, California Attorney General Rob Bonta said in a statement that the “fight for reproductive rights across the country is far from over” and reaffirmed the Department of Justice’s commitment to protecting access in California.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“No matter how many lawsuits they file or challenges they bring, they cannot change the facts: mifepristone is safe and effective,” Bonta said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the Supreme Court decision overturning the right to an abortion, California has \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/abortion-in-california-laws/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">strengthened abortion rights\u003c/a> and welcomed patients from states that have prohibited the procedure. Most recently, Newsom signed a law granting \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/04/california-abortion-ban-arizona/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">abortion providers from Arizona\u003c/a> an expedited licensing pathway in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alliance Defending Freedom, the group representing the plaintiffs in the abortion pill case, said in a statement that it would continue the legal battle. A lower court judge has already ruled that three states — Idaho, Missouri and Kansas — can join the case as plaintiffs. Legal experts say states often have a stronger standing argument because they have to provide access to health care services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we’re disappointed with the court’s decision, we will continue to advocate for women and work to restore commonsense safeguards for abortion drugs — like an initial office visit to screen for ectopic pregnancies. And we are grateful that three states stand ready to hold the FDA accountable for jeopardizing the health and safety of women and girls across this country,” Erin Hawley, senior counsel for the group, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Abortion pill access\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Medication abortion is the most commonly used abortion method, accounting for nearly two-thirds of all U.S. abortions, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/2024/03/medication-abortion-accounted-63-all-us-abortions-2023-increase-53-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Guttmacher Institute\u003c/a>, a national reproductive health policy center advocating for abortion rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mifepristone, the pill at the heart of the Supreme Court decision, is part of a two-drug regimen for medication abortion. It halts pregnancy by \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/questions-and-answers-mifepristone-medical-termination-pregnancy-through-ten-weeks-gestation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">blocking the hormone progesterone\u003c/a> before the second drug, misoprostol, empties the uterus by causing it to contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA approved mifepristone in 2000 and made it easier to access in 2021 when the COVID-19 pandemic made in-person dispensing requirements impossible. It is now used in nearly all medication abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cathren Cohen, a staff attorney with the UCLA Center on Reproductive Health, Law and Policy, said a ruling against the FDA could have had a destabilizing effect on all pharmaceuticals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The court, they’re not scientists, so for them to be second-guessing the people with actual authority, which is the FDA, that’s concerning,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center submitted an amicus brief to the Supreme Court on behalf of 300 reproductive health researchers detailing mifepristone’s safety record. Dozens of studies have demonstrated its safety and efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, researchers from \u003ca href=\"https://bixbycenter.ucsf.edu/news/telehealth-medication-abortion-just-safe-and-effective-person-care\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UCSF’s Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health\u003c/a> conducted the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-024-02834-w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">largest study of telehealth abortions\u003c/a> and found that medication abortions obtained via telehealth appointments are just as safe as those obtained through in-person medical care, with 98% of patients completing the abortion without needing additional medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Newsom announced the state would stockpile misoprostol, the second drug in the medication abortion regimen, in case the Supreme Court decision resulted in a shortage. That \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/03/abortion-pill-california-stockpile/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">stockpile has since been depleted,\u003c/a> and it was not immediately clear whether the state would replenish it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Misoprostol can be safely used alone for abortions but is more likely to have side effects when not paired with mifepristone, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6309472/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">studies show\u003c/a>. Both drugs are also commonly used to manage miscarriages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Supported by the California Health Care Foundation (CHCF), which works to ensure that people have access to the care they need, when they need it, at a price they can afford. Visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.chcf.org\u003c/a> to learn more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Federal Court Upholds California's Ban on Gun Sales on State Property",
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"content": "\u003cp>You can talk about guns at California state fairgrounds. You can \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2021/07/gun-shows-are-the-kind-of-event-state-fairgrounds-were-designed-for/#:~:text=An%20attempt%20by%20a%20local,on%20free%20speech%20and%20association.\">advertise guns there\u003c/a>, too. You can even, in the words of a gun rights group, host “a celebration of America’s gun culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What you cannot do, according to a ruling on Tuesday by a three-judge panel on the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, is buy or sell a firearm on property owned by the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling upholds California’s ban on gun sales on state property, dismissing a challenge from gun show operator Crossroads of the West. The judges distinguished between the free speech rights of gun enthusiasts on public property and the sales that often take place at gun shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-gun-laws-policy-explained/?gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjw65-zBhBkEiwAjrqRMIb9oXed9sqho1Hp-4LOllyxVQZzn--EVj6QOWK2JMEtKn-xxOKTmhoCXvgQAvD_BwE\">California gun laws\u003c/a> “prohibit accepting an offer to sell firearms or ammunition on state property,” the panel ruled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crossroads of the West first sued in 2018 when one of California’s agricultural district associations barred gun shows at Del Mar Fairgrounds in San Diego County. In 2021, a new state law also barred gun sales at the state fairgrounds in Orange County, which inspired another Crossroads lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases were consolidated, and as they wound their way through the courts, California passed a 2022 law barring \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB915\">all gun sales on state property\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11989294,news_11952872,news_11971307\" label=\"Related Stories\"]In the meantime, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on a major gun case, New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen, which tossed out New York state regulations on who can carry a gun in public and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2022/06/california-gun-laws-supreme-court/\">threw California’s restrictive gun laws into chaos.\u003c/a> Gov. Gavin Newsom has since proposed \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/06/gavin-newsom-guns-constitutional-amendment/\">a federal constitutional amendment\u003c/a> restricting gun ownership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new ruling ends an injunction from a lower court that blocked the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/county-fairgrounds-gun-shows-18457728.php\">restriction on gun sales at fairgrounds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The restoration of my ban on gun shows on state properties — including most of the county fairgrounds sites that are owned by the state — will make us all safer,” said \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/dave-min-165451\">state Sen. Dave Min,\u003c/a> an Irvine Democrat who advocates for limits on gun sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Rifle and Pistol Association, a Second Amendment advocacy group, called the ruling “extremely disappointing” and signaled that it would appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The three-judge panel clearly did not understand the connection between First Amendment and Second Amendment rights,” the organization wrote in a statement. “CRPA will continue to protect the despised gun culture and fight back against an overreaching government that seeks to limit disfavored fundamental rights and discriminate against certain groups of people on state property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crossroads of the West argued in court that restrictions on gun sales at state fairgrounds violated its First and Second Amendment rights and that forbidding those sales would effectively kill gun shows at state fairgrounds. The appeals court panel ruled that that’s not a First Amendment issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization “may choose not to provide a forum for pro-gun speech if it decides gun shows are not profitable without firearm sales, but doing so would be its own decision, not the ‘inevitable effect’” of the laws, the judges ruled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crossroads of the West said some California legislators described the legislation as a “ban on gun shows,” but that alone doesn’t prove that the laws themselves were passed to suppress speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is virtually inevitable that elected officials will have underlying ideological views on political issues,” the judges ruled. “But even if California legislators hold personal animus against pro-gun speech, the statutes they enact only implicate the First Amendment if that animus manifests as legislation with the direct or inevitable impact of restricting speech.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the question of whether the laws violate the Second Amendment, Crossroads of the West argued that forbidding gun sales at one location impedes people’s constitutional right to acquire firearms — something the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals has held as part of the Second Amendment’s right to bear arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three-judge panel disagreed, ruling that forbidding gun sales on state property doesn’t prevent people from access to firearms or ammunition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are six licensed firearm dealers in the same zip code as the Orange County Fairgrounds,” according to the ruling. “Merely eliminating one environment where individuals may purchase guns does not constitute a meaningful constraint on Second Amendment rights when they can acquire the same firearms down the street.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>You can talk about guns at California state fairgrounds. You can \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2021/07/gun-shows-are-the-kind-of-event-state-fairgrounds-were-designed-for/#:~:text=An%20attempt%20by%20a%20local,on%20free%20speech%20and%20association.\">advertise guns there\u003c/a>, too. You can even, in the words of a gun rights group, host “a celebration of America’s gun culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What you cannot do, according to a ruling on Tuesday by a three-judge panel on the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, is buy or sell a firearm on property owned by the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling upholds California’s ban on gun sales on state property, dismissing a challenge from gun show operator Crossroads of the West. The judges distinguished between the free speech rights of gun enthusiasts on public property and the sales that often take place at gun shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-gun-laws-policy-explained/?gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjw65-zBhBkEiwAjrqRMIb9oXed9sqho1Hp-4LOllyxVQZzn--EVj6QOWK2JMEtKn-xxOKTmhoCXvgQAvD_BwE\">California gun laws\u003c/a> “prohibit accepting an offer to sell firearms or ammunition on state property,” the panel ruled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crossroads of the West first sued in 2018 when one of California’s agricultural district associations barred gun shows at Del Mar Fairgrounds in San Diego County. In 2021, a new state law also barred gun sales at the state fairgrounds in Orange County, which inspired another Crossroads lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases were consolidated, and as they wound their way through the courts, California passed a 2022 law barring \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB915\">all gun sales on state property\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In the meantime, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on a major gun case, New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen, which tossed out New York state regulations on who can carry a gun in public and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2022/06/california-gun-laws-supreme-court/\">threw California’s restrictive gun laws into chaos.\u003c/a> Gov. Gavin Newsom has since proposed \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/06/gavin-newsom-guns-constitutional-amendment/\">a federal constitutional amendment\u003c/a> restricting gun ownership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new ruling ends an injunction from a lower court that blocked the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/county-fairgrounds-gun-shows-18457728.php\">restriction on gun sales at fairgrounds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The restoration of my ban on gun shows on state properties — including most of the county fairgrounds sites that are owned by the state — will make us all safer,” said \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/dave-min-165451\">state Sen. Dave Min,\u003c/a> an Irvine Democrat who advocates for limits on gun sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Rifle and Pistol Association, a Second Amendment advocacy group, called the ruling “extremely disappointing” and signaled that it would appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The three-judge panel clearly did not understand the connection between First Amendment and Second Amendment rights,” the organization wrote in a statement. “CRPA will continue to protect the despised gun culture and fight back against an overreaching government that seeks to limit disfavored fundamental rights and discriminate against certain groups of people on state property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crossroads of the West argued in court that restrictions on gun sales at state fairgrounds violated its First and Second Amendment rights and that forbidding those sales would effectively kill gun shows at state fairgrounds. The appeals court panel ruled that that’s not a First Amendment issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization “may choose not to provide a forum for pro-gun speech if it decides gun shows are not profitable without firearm sales, but doing so would be its own decision, not the ‘inevitable effect’” of the laws, the judges ruled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crossroads of the West said some California legislators described the legislation as a “ban on gun shows,” but that alone doesn’t prove that the laws themselves were passed to suppress speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is virtually inevitable that elected officials will have underlying ideological views on political issues,” the judges ruled. “But even if California legislators hold personal animus against pro-gun speech, the statutes they enact only implicate the First Amendment if that animus manifests as legislation with the direct or inevitable impact of restricting speech.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the question of whether the laws violate the Second Amendment, Crossroads of the West argued that forbidding gun sales at one location impedes people’s constitutional right to acquire firearms — something the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals has held as part of the Second Amendment’s right to bear arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three-judge panel disagreed, ruling that forbidding gun sales on state property doesn’t prevent people from access to firearms or ammunition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are six licensed firearm dealers in the same zip code as the Orange County Fairgrounds,” according to the ruling. “Merely eliminating one environment where individuals may purchase guns does not constitute a meaningful constraint on Second Amendment rights when they can acquire the same firearms down the street.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Here's What You Should Know About the Student Loan Relief Deadline",
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"content": "\u003cp>As many as 300,000 Californians have until June 30 to take advantage of a one-time offer to qualify for faster student loan forgiveness, lower monthly payments or outright forgiveness for federal loans borrowed before 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education’s June 30 deadline is a big deal because borrowers who submit their applications would become eligible to receive credit for past years of repayment \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/announcements-events/idr-account-adjustment?nerdwallet=&subid=e6aa393a996c465f8e6f46ce211f2e49\">that previously didn’t qualify for student loan forgiveness\u003c/a>.[aside postID=\"news_11982251,news_11963857,mindshift_62829\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department’s one-time “adjustment” will largely help borrowers who took out federal student loans before 2010 called \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/articles/what-to-know-about-ffel-loans/\">Federal Family Education Loans\u003c/a> — as well as borrowers \u003ca href=\"https://dfpi.ca.gov/2024/04/11/april-2024-monthly-bulletin/#:~:text=DFPI%20encourages%20borrowers%20who%20have,the%20IDR%20payment%20count%20adjustment.\">with two other types of loans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why is the department doing this? To “remedy years of administrative failures that effectively denied the promise of loan forgiveness to certain borrowers,” Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/department-education-announces-actions-fix-longstanding-failures-student-loan-programs\">2022 press release\u003c/a>. The deadline for this remedy has been extended several times, but student loan advocates believe June 30 will be the final opportunity for this one-time benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, about half of borrowers 60 and older have been repaying their student loans\u003ca href=\"https://www.newamerica.org/education-policy/edcentral/seniors-with-student-loans-15-years-of-debt/#:~:text=Almost%20Six%20in%20Ten%20Seniors%20with%20Student%20Debt%20Entered%20Repayment%2015%20or%20More%20Years%20Ago\"> for more than 15 years\u003c/a>, a key reason why debt among this population \u003ca href=\"https://www.newamerica.org/education-policy/edcentral/why-do-so-many-older-americans-owe-student-loans/\">has skyrocketed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By May, more than 1 million Americans have already gotten $51 billion in debt relief through this adjustment program, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/biden-harris-administration-announces-additional-77-billion-approved-student-debt-relief-160000-borrowers#:~:text=Including%20today%E2%80%99s%20announcement%2C%20the%20Biden%2DHarris%20Administration%20has%20now%20approved%20%2451.0%20billion%20in%20IDR%20relief%20for%20more%20than%201%20million%20borrowers.\">according to the department\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student loan landscape is notoriously complicated. A National Public Radio reporter whose \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/19/1144064881/millions-of-student-loan-borrowers-debt-unnecessarily-spent-years-in-forbearance#:~:text=TURNER%3A%20And%20so%20what%20seemed%20like%20a%20life%20preserver%20was%2C%20in%20reality%2C%20pulling%20Phoema%20into%20deeper%20and%20deeper%20water.%20And%20this%20is%20part%20of%20the%20mismanagement%20that%20we%20were%20talking%20about%20earlier\">investigation\u003c/a> exposed how borrowers placed in the wrong repayment category lost the ability to gain credit toward loan forgiveness quipped that if none of this makes sense, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/21/1218890183/student-loan-forgiveness-isnt-dead-yet-and-other-takeaways-from-2023#:~:text=Did%20any%20of%20that%20make%20sense%3F%20No%3F%20You%27re%20not%20alone.\">You’re not alone\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To meet the June 30 deadline, borrowers must submit applications to consolidate their loans into so-called direct consolidation loans. Only loans in the direct program are eligible for loan forgiveness after 10 or 20 years of payments, depending on a borrower’s employment situation. Direct loans also qualify for lower monthly payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some borrowers may see no reason to consolidate, but for many others, meeting the June 30 deadline will be a life-changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To apply, a borrower needs to create an account with the \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/h/manage-loans\">Federal Student Aid\u003c/a> office and then \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/consolidation\">complete the consolidation application\u003c/a>, which itself takes about 30 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-california-state-agency-tries-to-help\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">California state agency tries to help\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Most Californians with loans that aren’t in the direct program \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/FW-IDR-Consolidation-Deadline-for-Commercial-FFEL-HEAL-and-Perkins-Borrowers-43024.pdf\">should apply to consolidate\u003c/a>, said Celina Damian, the state’s first \u003ca href=\"https://dfpi.ca.gov/dfpi-office-of-the-ombuds/\">Student Loan Servicing Ombudsperson\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, California is also debuting a network of 14 nonprofit organizations that collectively received $7 million in state grants \u003ca href=\"https://studentloanhelp.dfpi.ca.gov/\">to help California borrowers navigate\u003c/a> the maze of student loan policies, hurdles and deadlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Student Loan Empowerment Network will offer California borrowers in-person or phone consultations to handle their student loan quandaries, including issues surrounding private student loans that are governed by a different set of rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was created really to just have somewhere for borrowers to go and provide more help than I can provide,” Damian said. Until last week, she was the only person in state government doing this work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between March 20 and May 1, Damian communicated by phone or email with 1,400 borrowers after her office sent an email to Californians who’d likely benefit from loan consolidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some borrowers didn’t realize they possessed federal loans that were eligible for any loan forgiveness, Damian said. The borrowers instead thought they were repaying private loans. Others thought her agency’s outreach was initially a scam. “So they would reach out and say, ‘Is this real? I thought there was no option for me,” she recounted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damian stressed that a growing number of California borrowers are senior citizens who may struggle to complete the federal online application. “The oldest one I spoke to was about 83, 84”, she said. “These are loans they took out in the ‘90s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several times, borrowers nearly gave up trying to apply, so she told them to complete the paper version of the application and email her photos of their paperwork. She then collated their photos into a PDF document and submitted the paperwork to the U.S. Department of Education on their behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How did we get here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Federal Family Education Loans were common loans issued by private lenders but guaranteed by the federal government. In 2010, these loans were discontinued, and the federal government began issuing student loans directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The old loans qualify for federal loan forgiveness programs, which offer less generous repayment plans and require more years of repayment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These loans are also ineligible for Public Service Loan Forgiveness, a loan program for government and nonprofit workers that forgives federal undergraduate and graduate student loan debt after 10 years of payments. The only way to qualify for that loan forgiveness is by repaying direct loans — which borrowers with Federal Family Education Loans can do if they consolidate by June 30. Once their consolidation goes through, borrowers \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/forgiveness-cancellation/public-service\">will need to apply for the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program\u003c/a>, but they will have inherited past credit already through the steps they took to consolidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borrowers need to only apply for consolidation by the June 30 deadline. The department’s actual review process will take at least 60 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borrowers who are found to have made at least 20 years of payments for undergraduate loans or 25 years for graduate loans will see their loans fully forgiven — a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/loans/student-loans/covid-tax-break-could-open-door-to-student-loan-forgiveness\">tax-free perk through 2025\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Things to consider for student loan forgiveness\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A key benefit of consolidation: Borrowers can choose to be placed on the SAVE repayment plan, which bases monthly payments on current income and offers loan forgiveness for any income level after 20 or 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SAVE plan also doesn’t charge interest \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/announcements-events/save-plan#:~:text=The%20SAVE%20Plan%20has%20an%20interest%20benefit%3A%20If%20you%20make%20your%20full%20monthly%20payment%2C%20but%20it%20is%20not%20enough%20to%20cover%20the%20accrued%20monthly%20interest%2C%20the%20government%20covers%20the%20rest%20of%20the%20interest%20that%20accrued%20that%20month.%20This%20means%20that%20the%20SAVE%20Plan%20prevents%20your%20balance%20from%20growing%20due%20to%20unpaid%20interest.\">as long borrowers make regular payments\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all repayment periods will count toward one’s loan credit under the federal government’s one-time program. Any time spent in default won’t count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loans in periods of deferment will count, but only before 2013. If loans were deferred because a borrower re-entered college, such as to complete a bachelor’s or earn a master’s degree, that time wouldn’t count toward the borrower’s credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If borrowers \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2020/12/new-data-parent-college-debt/\">have older loans and Parent PLUS loans\u003c/a> that they took out on behalf of their children, they should weigh their options, Damian said. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/forgiveness-cancellation#:~:text=If%20You%E2%80%99re%20a%20Parent%20Borrower\">Parent PLUS\u003c/a> loans are eligible for \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/help-center/answers/article/icr-plan\">only one type of loan forgiveness plan\u003c/a> that’s less generous, and consolidating those loans with other loans will block the borrower from the newer repayment plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consolidation may not be for everyone. Borrowers with high incomes, a low loan balance and a discounted interest rate from their lender may not necessarily benefit from this, said Betsy Mayotte, president and founder of The Institute of Student Loan Advisors, a nonprofit group. “But for just about everybody else, there isn’t going to be a downside.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As many as 300,000 Californians have until June 30 to take advantage of a one-time offer to qualify for faster student loan forgiveness, lower monthly payments or outright forgiveness for federal loans borrowed before 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education’s June 30 deadline is a big deal because borrowers who submit their applications would become eligible to receive credit for past years of repayment \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/announcements-events/idr-account-adjustment?nerdwallet=&subid=e6aa393a996c465f8e6f46ce211f2e49\">that previously didn’t qualify for student loan forgiveness\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department’s one-time “adjustment” will largely help borrowers who took out federal student loans before 2010 called \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/articles/what-to-know-about-ffel-loans/\">Federal Family Education Loans\u003c/a> — as well as borrowers \u003ca href=\"https://dfpi.ca.gov/2024/04/11/april-2024-monthly-bulletin/#:~:text=DFPI%20encourages%20borrowers%20who%20have,the%20IDR%20payment%20count%20adjustment.\">with two other types of loans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why is the department doing this? To “remedy years of administrative failures that effectively denied the promise of loan forgiveness to certain borrowers,” Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/department-education-announces-actions-fix-longstanding-failures-student-loan-programs\">2022 press release\u003c/a>. The deadline for this remedy has been extended several times, but student loan advocates believe June 30 will be the final opportunity for this one-time benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, about half of borrowers 60 and older have been repaying their student loans\u003ca href=\"https://www.newamerica.org/education-policy/edcentral/seniors-with-student-loans-15-years-of-debt/#:~:text=Almost%20Six%20in%20Ten%20Seniors%20with%20Student%20Debt%20Entered%20Repayment%2015%20or%20More%20Years%20Ago\"> for more than 15 years\u003c/a>, a key reason why debt among this population \u003ca href=\"https://www.newamerica.org/education-policy/edcentral/why-do-so-many-older-americans-owe-student-loans/\">has skyrocketed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By May, more than 1 million Americans have already gotten $51 billion in debt relief through this adjustment program, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/biden-harris-administration-announces-additional-77-billion-approved-student-debt-relief-160000-borrowers#:~:text=Including%20today%E2%80%99s%20announcement%2C%20the%20Biden%2DHarris%20Administration%20has%20now%20approved%20%2451.0%20billion%20in%20IDR%20relief%20for%20more%20than%201%20million%20borrowers.\">according to the department\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student loan landscape is notoriously complicated. A National Public Radio reporter whose \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/19/1144064881/millions-of-student-loan-borrowers-debt-unnecessarily-spent-years-in-forbearance#:~:text=TURNER%3A%20And%20so%20what%20seemed%20like%20a%20life%20preserver%20was%2C%20in%20reality%2C%20pulling%20Phoema%20into%20deeper%20and%20deeper%20water.%20And%20this%20is%20part%20of%20the%20mismanagement%20that%20we%20were%20talking%20about%20earlier\">investigation\u003c/a> exposed how borrowers placed in the wrong repayment category lost the ability to gain credit toward loan forgiveness quipped that if none of this makes sense, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/21/1218890183/student-loan-forgiveness-isnt-dead-yet-and-other-takeaways-from-2023#:~:text=Did%20any%20of%20that%20make%20sense%3F%20No%3F%20You%27re%20not%20alone.\">You’re not alone\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To meet the June 30 deadline, borrowers must submit applications to consolidate their loans into so-called direct consolidation loans. Only loans in the direct program are eligible for loan forgiveness after 10 or 20 years of payments, depending on a borrower’s employment situation. Direct loans also qualify for lower monthly payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some borrowers may see no reason to consolidate, but for many others, meeting the June 30 deadline will be a life-changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To apply, a borrower needs to create an account with the \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/h/manage-loans\">Federal Student Aid\u003c/a> office and then \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/consolidation\">complete the consolidation application\u003c/a>, which itself takes about 30 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-california-state-agency-tries-to-help\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">California state agency tries to help\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Most Californians with loans that aren’t in the direct program \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/FW-IDR-Consolidation-Deadline-for-Commercial-FFEL-HEAL-and-Perkins-Borrowers-43024.pdf\">should apply to consolidate\u003c/a>, said Celina Damian, the state’s first \u003ca href=\"https://dfpi.ca.gov/dfpi-office-of-the-ombuds/\">Student Loan Servicing Ombudsperson\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, California is also debuting a network of 14 nonprofit organizations that collectively received $7 million in state grants \u003ca href=\"https://studentloanhelp.dfpi.ca.gov/\">to help California borrowers navigate\u003c/a> the maze of student loan policies, hurdles and deadlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Student Loan Empowerment Network will offer California borrowers in-person or phone consultations to handle their student loan quandaries, including issues surrounding private student loans that are governed by a different set of rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was created really to just have somewhere for borrowers to go and provide more help than I can provide,” Damian said. Until last week, she was the only person in state government doing this work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between March 20 and May 1, Damian communicated by phone or email with 1,400 borrowers after her office sent an email to Californians who’d likely benefit from loan consolidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some borrowers didn’t realize they possessed federal loans that were eligible for any loan forgiveness, Damian said. The borrowers instead thought they were repaying private loans. Others thought her agency’s outreach was initially a scam. “So they would reach out and say, ‘Is this real? I thought there was no option for me,” she recounted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damian stressed that a growing number of California borrowers are senior citizens who may struggle to complete the federal online application. “The oldest one I spoke to was about 83, 84”, she said. “These are loans they took out in the ‘90s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several times, borrowers nearly gave up trying to apply, so she told them to complete the paper version of the application and email her photos of their paperwork. She then collated their photos into a PDF document and submitted the paperwork to the U.S. Department of Education on their behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How did we get here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Federal Family Education Loans were common loans issued by private lenders but guaranteed by the federal government. In 2010, these loans were discontinued, and the federal government began issuing student loans directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The old loans qualify for federal loan forgiveness programs, which offer less generous repayment plans and require more years of repayment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These loans are also ineligible for Public Service Loan Forgiveness, a loan program for government and nonprofit workers that forgives federal undergraduate and graduate student loan debt after 10 years of payments. The only way to qualify for that loan forgiveness is by repaying direct loans — which borrowers with Federal Family Education Loans can do if they consolidate by June 30. Once their consolidation goes through, borrowers \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/forgiveness-cancellation/public-service\">will need to apply for the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program\u003c/a>, but they will have inherited past credit already through the steps they took to consolidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borrowers need to only apply for consolidation by the June 30 deadline. The department’s actual review process will take at least 60 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borrowers who are found to have made at least 20 years of payments for undergraduate loans or 25 years for graduate loans will see their loans fully forgiven — a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/loans/student-loans/covid-tax-break-could-open-door-to-student-loan-forgiveness\">tax-free perk through 2025\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Things to consider for student loan forgiveness\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A key benefit of consolidation: Borrowers can choose to be placed on the SAVE repayment plan, which bases monthly payments on current income and offers loan forgiveness for any income level after 20 or 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SAVE plan also doesn’t charge interest \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/announcements-events/save-plan#:~:text=The%20SAVE%20Plan%20has%20an%20interest%20benefit%3A%20If%20you%20make%20your%20full%20monthly%20payment%2C%20but%20it%20is%20not%20enough%20to%20cover%20the%20accrued%20monthly%20interest%2C%20the%20government%20covers%20the%20rest%20of%20the%20interest%20that%20accrued%20that%20month.%20This%20means%20that%20the%20SAVE%20Plan%20prevents%20your%20balance%20from%20growing%20due%20to%20unpaid%20interest.\">as long borrowers make regular payments\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all repayment periods will count toward one’s loan credit under the federal government’s one-time program. Any time spent in default won’t count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loans in periods of deferment will count, but only before 2013. If loans were deferred because a borrower re-entered college, such as to complete a bachelor’s or earn a master’s degree, that time wouldn’t count toward the borrower’s credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If borrowers \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2020/12/new-data-parent-college-debt/\">have older loans and Parent PLUS loans\u003c/a> that they took out on behalf of their children, they should weigh their options, Damian said. \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/forgiveness-cancellation#:~:text=If%20You%E2%80%99re%20a%20Parent%20Borrower\">Parent PLUS\u003c/a> loans are eligible for \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/help-center/answers/article/icr-plan\">only one type of loan forgiveness plan\u003c/a> that’s less generous, and consolidating those loans with other loans will block the borrower from the newer repayment plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consolidation may not be for everyone. Borrowers with high incomes, a low loan balance and a discounted interest rate from their lender may not necessarily benefit from this, said Betsy Mayotte, president and founder of The Institute of Student Loan Advisors, a nonprofit group. “But for just about everybody else, there isn’t going to be a downside.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "A New California Bill Would Regulate Police Use of Facial Recognition. These Falsely Arrested Black Men Say It's Not Enough",
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"headTitle": "A New California Bill Would Regulate Police Use of Facial Recognition. These Falsely Arrested Black Men Say It’s Not Enough | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 2019 and 2020, three Black men were accused of and jailed for crimes they didn’t commit after police used facial recognition to falsely identify them. Their wrongful arrest lawsuits are still pending, but their cases bring to light how AI-enabled tools can lead to civil rights violations and \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/wrongful-arrests-ai-derailed-3-mens-lives/\">lasting consequences for the families of the accused\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, all three men are speaking out against pending California legislation making it illegal for police to use facial recognition technology as the sole reason for a search or arrest. Instead, it would require corroborating indicators. The problem, critics say, is that a possible face recognition “match” is not evidence — and that it can lead investigations astray even if police seek corroborating evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Assembly last month passed \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240ab1814?slug=CA_202320240AB1814\">Assembly Bill 1814\u003c/a> with a 70–0 vote. On Tuesday, it faced a contentious hearing in the Senate Public Safety Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a bill “would not have stopped the police from falsely arresting me in front of my wife and daughters,” Robert Williams told CalMatters in a statement. In 2020, Detroit police accused Williams of stealing watches worth thousands of dollars — the first known instance of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/24/technology/facial-recognition-arrest.html\">false arrest involving facial recognition\u003c/a> in the United States — after facial recognition technology matched a surveillance video to a photo of Williams in a state database. Investigators put his photo in a “six-pack lineup” with five others, from which a security guard, who had seen a surveillance image and \u003ca href=\"https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2020/06/26/facial-recognition-wrongful-arrest-detroit-police/3265943001/\">not the theft itself\u003c/a>, selected him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my case, as in others, the police did exactly what AB 1814 would require them to do, but it didn’t help,” said Williams, who is Black. “Once the facial recognition software told them I was the suspect, it poisoned the investigation. This technology is racially biased and unreliable and should be prohibited.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, “I implore California lawmakers to not settle for half measures that won’t actually protect people like me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first facial recognition searches in the United States occurred over two decades ago. It’s a process that begins with a photo of a suspect, typically taken from security camera footage. Face recognition on your iPhone is trained to match your photo, but the kind used by law enforcement agencies searches databases of mug shots or driver’s license photos that can contain millions of photos and can fail in numerous ways. Tests by researchers have shown that the technology is less accurate when attempting to identify \u003ca href=\"http://gendershades.org/\">people with darker skin\u003c/a> and those who identify as \u003ca href=\"https://www.colorado.edu/today/2019/10/08/facial-recognition-software-has-gender-problem\">transgender\u003c/a>. Accuracy has also been shown to decrease when a probe image of a suspect is low quality or if the image in a database is outdated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"facial-recognition\"]After a computer assembles a list of possible matches from a database of images, police pick a suspect from an array of candidates, then show that photo to an eyewitness. Eyewitness testimony has proven to be a \u003ca href=\"https://innocenceproject.org/how-eyewitness-misidentification-can-send-innocent-people-to-prison/\">leading cause of wrongful convictions in the United States\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because investigators may use facial recognition to identify possible suspects but ultimately rely on eyewitness testimony, the technology can play a role in a criminal investigation without the accused and defense attorneys knowing about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Directives not to treat a possible match by a facial recognition system as the sole basis for an arrest sometimes don’t make a difference. They failed to do so, for instance, in the case of Alonzo Sawyer, a man who was falsely arrested near Baltimore and \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/face-recognition-software-led-to-his-arrest-it-was-dead-wrong/\">spent nine days in jail\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Njeer Parks, who spent nearly a year fighting allegations that he stole items from a hotel gift shop in New Jersey and then nearly hit a police officer with a stolen vehicle, came out in opposition to the California bill in a video \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C71ybeKJcQQ/\">posted on Instagram\u003c/a> last week. The police “are not going to do their job if the AI is saying ‘It’s him’ already. That’s what happened to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got lucky,” he told CalMatters in a phone interview, noting that a store a receipt he saved had exonerated him and kept him out of prison. “I don’t want to see anybody sitting in jail for something they didn’t do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorney for Michael Oliver, a Black man who was wrongly accused of assaulting a high school teacher in Detroit in 2020, is scheduled to testify at Tuesday’s legislative hearing in Sacramento, the American Civil Liberties Union said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the bill include the California Faculty Association and the League of California Cities. The California Police Chiefs Association argues that facial recognition can reduce criminal activity and provide police with actionable leads and that such technology will be important as California looks to host international events such as the 2026 World Cup and the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Across the country, real-world examples of law enforcement using [facial recognition technology] to solve major crimes showcases just how important this new technology can be towards protecting our communities,” the association has argued. It cited cases in which it says facial recognition played a role in identifying the guilty, including a newspaper headquarters \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/police-used-facial-recognition-software-to-identify-suspect-in-newspaper-shooting/2018/06/29/6dc9d212-7bba-11e8-aeee-4d04c8ac6158_story.html\">shooting in Maryland\u003c/a> and a rape in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facial recognition alone should never lead to false arrests, Jake Parker with the Security Industry Association told members of the California Assembly a few weeks ago. That’s why AB 1814 is meant to corroborate investigative leads with evidence, not just a possible facial recognition match.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a clear need to bolster public trust that this technology is being leveraged accurately, lawfully, and in an effective way that’s also limited and non-discriminatory in a way that benefits our communities,” he said. “So we believe AB 1814 will help bolster this trust, and for that reason, we urge you to support this bill in its current form.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, more than 50 advocacy organizations — including the ACLU, Access Reproductive Justice and the Electronic Frontier Foundation — \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/sites/default/files/AB%201814%20coalition%20letter%206.4.2024.pdf\">signed a letter last week opposing the bill\u003c/a>. They called facial recognition software unreliable, a proven threat to Black men, and a potential threat to protesters, people seeking abortions, and immigrant and LGBTQ communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By allowing police to scan and identify people without limitation, AB 1814 will also increase unnecessary police interactions that too often have the potential to escalate into fatal encounters. This will remain true regardless of how accurate face recognition technology becomes,” the organizations said in a letter. “There is no way for people to find out if facial recognition is used against them and no mechanism to make sure the police comply with the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author of the bill, San Francisco Democratic Assemblymember Phil Ting, also authored a 2019 bill that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2019/09/facial-recognition-technology-california-law-police-opposition-legislature/\">initially placed a permanent ban on police use\u003c/a> of body camera footage with facial recognition. That was amended to a temporary ban, which ended in January 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ting told CalMatters he’s uncomfortable with the fact that California currently has no limits on how law enforcement agencies use the technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said in a statement that his bill “simply requires officers to have additional evidence before they can proceed with a search, arrest, or affidavit for a warrant. I believe having a precautionary step can help protect people’s privacy and due process rights while still allowing local governments to go further and pursue their own facial recognition bans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ting’s city of San Francisco became the first major city in the nation to ban face recognition in 2019. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2024/05/18/facial-recognition-law-enforcement-austin-san-francisco/\">\u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> last month\u003c/a> reported that San Francisco police have, on multiple occasions, gone around restrictions by requesting that law enforcement in neighboring cities conduct the searches for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin, who was recalled by voters in 2022, says there have almost certainly been false arrests associated with the use of facial recognition in California, but they would remain unknown to the public unless prosecutors filed charges and the accused later went to trial with a civil lawsuit seeking damages. Often, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/hidden-role-facial-recognition-tech-arrests/\">such cases would be settled out of court\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We absolutely need a legislative, regulatory framework for these technologies, but I don’t think AB 1814 is adequate in terms of protecting civil liberties or providing meaningful guardrails or safeguards for the use of these new and powerful technologies,” said Boudin, who now directs UC Berkeley’s Criminal Law & Justice Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The staff of the Senate Public Safety committee staff has \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1814\">suggested\u003c/a> amending the bill to state that judges should not grant warrant applications by law enforcement agencies based solely on a possible match by face recognition technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers have until the end of the legislative session in August to decide whether to pass AB 1814.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 2019 and 2020, three Black men were accused of and jailed for crimes they didn’t commit after police used facial recognition to falsely identify them. Their wrongful arrest lawsuits are still pending, but their cases bring to light how AI-enabled tools can lead to civil rights violations and \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/wrongful-arrests-ai-derailed-3-mens-lives/\">lasting consequences for the families of the accused\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, all three men are speaking out against pending California legislation making it illegal for police to use facial recognition technology as the sole reason for a search or arrest. Instead, it would require corroborating indicators. The problem, critics say, is that a possible face recognition “match” is not evidence — and that it can lead investigations astray even if police seek corroborating evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Assembly last month passed \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240ab1814?slug=CA_202320240AB1814\">Assembly Bill 1814\u003c/a> with a 70–0 vote. On Tuesday, it faced a contentious hearing in the Senate Public Safety Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a bill “would not have stopped the police from falsely arresting me in front of my wife and daughters,” Robert Williams told CalMatters in a statement. In 2020, Detroit police accused Williams of stealing watches worth thousands of dollars — the first known instance of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/24/technology/facial-recognition-arrest.html\">false arrest involving facial recognition\u003c/a> in the United States — after facial recognition technology matched a surveillance video to a photo of Williams in a state database. Investigators put his photo in a “six-pack lineup” with five others, from which a security guard, who had seen a surveillance image and \u003ca href=\"https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2020/06/26/facial-recognition-wrongful-arrest-detroit-police/3265943001/\">not the theft itself\u003c/a>, selected him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my case, as in others, the police did exactly what AB 1814 would require them to do, but it didn’t help,” said Williams, who is Black. “Once the facial recognition software told them I was the suspect, it poisoned the investigation. This technology is racially biased and unreliable and should be prohibited.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, “I implore California lawmakers to not settle for half measures that won’t actually protect people like me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first facial recognition searches in the United States occurred over two decades ago. It’s a process that begins with a photo of a suspect, typically taken from security camera footage. Face recognition on your iPhone is trained to match your photo, but the kind used by law enforcement agencies searches databases of mug shots or driver’s license photos that can contain millions of photos and can fail in numerous ways. Tests by researchers have shown that the technology is less accurate when attempting to identify \u003ca href=\"http://gendershades.org/\">people with darker skin\u003c/a> and those who identify as \u003ca href=\"https://www.colorado.edu/today/2019/10/08/facial-recognition-software-has-gender-problem\">transgender\u003c/a>. Accuracy has also been shown to decrease when a probe image of a suspect is low quality or if the image in a database is outdated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>After a computer assembles a list of possible matches from a database of images, police pick a suspect from an array of candidates, then show that photo to an eyewitness. Eyewitness testimony has proven to be a \u003ca href=\"https://innocenceproject.org/how-eyewitness-misidentification-can-send-innocent-people-to-prison/\">leading cause of wrongful convictions in the United States\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because investigators may use facial recognition to identify possible suspects but ultimately rely on eyewitness testimony, the technology can play a role in a criminal investigation without the accused and defense attorneys knowing about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Directives not to treat a possible match by a facial recognition system as the sole basis for an arrest sometimes don’t make a difference. They failed to do so, for instance, in the case of Alonzo Sawyer, a man who was falsely arrested near Baltimore and \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/face-recognition-software-led-to-his-arrest-it-was-dead-wrong/\">spent nine days in jail\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Njeer Parks, who spent nearly a year fighting allegations that he stole items from a hotel gift shop in New Jersey and then nearly hit a police officer with a stolen vehicle, came out in opposition to the California bill in a video \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C71ybeKJcQQ/\">posted on Instagram\u003c/a> last week. The police “are not going to do their job if the AI is saying ‘It’s him’ already. That’s what happened to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got lucky,” he told CalMatters in a phone interview, noting that a store a receipt he saved had exonerated him and kept him out of prison. “I don’t want to see anybody sitting in jail for something they didn’t do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorney for Michael Oliver, a Black man who was wrongly accused of assaulting a high school teacher in Detroit in 2020, is scheduled to testify at Tuesday’s legislative hearing in Sacramento, the American Civil Liberties Union said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the bill include the California Faculty Association and the League of California Cities. The California Police Chiefs Association argues that facial recognition can reduce criminal activity and provide police with actionable leads and that such technology will be important as California looks to host international events such as the 2026 World Cup and the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Across the country, real-world examples of law enforcement using [facial recognition technology] to solve major crimes showcases just how important this new technology can be towards protecting our communities,” the association has argued. It cited cases in which it says facial recognition played a role in identifying the guilty, including a newspaper headquarters \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/police-used-facial-recognition-software-to-identify-suspect-in-newspaper-shooting/2018/06/29/6dc9d212-7bba-11e8-aeee-4d04c8ac6158_story.html\">shooting in Maryland\u003c/a> and a rape in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facial recognition alone should never lead to false arrests, Jake Parker with the Security Industry Association told members of the California Assembly a few weeks ago. That’s why AB 1814 is meant to corroborate investigative leads with evidence, not just a possible facial recognition match.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a clear need to bolster public trust that this technology is being leveraged accurately, lawfully, and in an effective way that’s also limited and non-discriminatory in a way that benefits our communities,” he said. “So we believe AB 1814 will help bolster this trust, and for that reason, we urge you to support this bill in its current form.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, more than 50 advocacy organizations — including the ACLU, Access Reproductive Justice and the Electronic Frontier Foundation — \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/sites/default/files/AB%201814%20coalition%20letter%206.4.2024.pdf\">signed a letter last week opposing the bill\u003c/a>. They called facial recognition software unreliable, a proven threat to Black men, and a potential threat to protesters, people seeking abortions, and immigrant and LGBTQ communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By allowing police to scan and identify people without limitation, AB 1814 will also increase unnecessary police interactions that too often have the potential to escalate into fatal encounters. This will remain true regardless of how accurate face recognition technology becomes,” the organizations said in a letter. “There is no way for people to find out if facial recognition is used against them and no mechanism to make sure the police comply with the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author of the bill, San Francisco Democratic Assemblymember Phil Ting, also authored a 2019 bill that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2019/09/facial-recognition-technology-california-law-police-opposition-legislature/\">initially placed a permanent ban on police use\u003c/a> of body camera footage with facial recognition. That was amended to a temporary ban, which ended in January 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ting told CalMatters he’s uncomfortable with the fact that California currently has no limits on how law enforcement agencies use the technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said in a statement that his bill “simply requires officers to have additional evidence before they can proceed with a search, arrest, or affidavit for a warrant. I believe having a precautionary step can help protect people’s privacy and due process rights while still allowing local governments to go further and pursue their own facial recognition bans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ting’s city of San Francisco became the first major city in the nation to ban face recognition in 2019. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2024/05/18/facial-recognition-law-enforcement-austin-san-francisco/\">\u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> last month\u003c/a> reported that San Francisco police have, on multiple occasions, gone around restrictions by requesting that law enforcement in neighboring cities conduct the searches for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former San Francisco District Attorney Chesa Boudin, who was recalled by voters in 2022, says there have almost certainly been false arrests associated with the use of facial recognition in California, but they would remain unknown to the public unless prosecutors filed charges and the accused later went to trial with a civil lawsuit seeking damages. Often, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/hidden-role-facial-recognition-tech-arrests/\">such cases would be settled out of court\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We absolutely need a legislative, regulatory framework for these technologies, but I don’t think AB 1814 is adequate in terms of protecting civil liberties or providing meaningful guardrails or safeguards for the use of these new and powerful technologies,” said Boudin, who now directs UC Berkeley’s Criminal Law & Justice Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The staff of the Senate Public Safety committee staff has \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1814\">suggested\u003c/a> amending the bill to state that judges should not grant warrant applications by law enforcement agencies based solely on a possible match by face recognition technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers have until the end of the legislative session in August to decide whether to pass AB 1814.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Despite \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/series/unpaid-wages-california-workers/\">reports of severe understaffing at California’s labor agency\u003c/a> that has hampered its ability to respond to a rise in complaints about wage theft and other labor violations, millions of dollars reserved for enforcing state labor laws still go unspent each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That pool of unused money comes from the state’s cut of the settlements and fines that businesses pay in response to lawsuits stemming from a unique California labor law — known as the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/02/paga-california-labor-law/\">Private Attorneys General Act\u003c/a> (PAGA) — that allows workers to sue their bosses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, the fund has grown faster than lawmakers and Gov. Gavin Newsom has directed it to be spent, CalMatters’ analysis of state budget documents shows. In 2022–23, they left $197 million in the fund unspent; the 2023–24 budget leaves $170 million unspent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state draws from the fund each year for portions of the Labor Commissioner’s budget. And the fund has paid for some worker outreach and enforcement. Those programs include $8.6 million in \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/DIRNews/2024/2024-38.html\">recent grants to 17 local prosecutors\u003c/a> to pursue criminal charges in wage theft cases and a pandemic-era partnership with community groups to inform workers in 42 different languages\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>about workplace rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the fund’s single biggest use in the past five years has been to shore up the state budget. In 2020, the state borrowed $107 million from the labor fund for uses other than direct labor enforcement. In April, \u003ca href=\"https://abgt.assembly.ca.gov/system/files/2024-04/early-action-summary-thursday-april-4-2024.pdf\">an early budget deal\u003c/a> between Newsom and legislative leaders allowed the state to borrow another $125 million as they sought to reduce a record shortfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither of these loans needs to be repaid until at least 2027\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>The administration has proposed to leave $119 million in the fund unused in the 2024–25 budget that it’s \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/capitol/2024/05/california-budget-deficit-legislature-democrats/\">negotiating with lawmakers this month\u003c/a> as part of an effort to cover the remaining $28 billion shortfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s use of the fund has frustrated businesses and labor groups alike, who say the state should spend much more of the money to help the Labor Commissioner’s Office hire or retain more staff needed to process a record number of workers’ wage theft claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to questions from CalMatters, Department of Industrial Relations spokesperson Erika Monterroza wrote in an email that the loans are not unusual during budget deficits and only come from money that’s not being used. She said $7.6 million from the fund is already allocated this year to processing wage claims.[aside label=\"more labor coverage\" tag=\"wage-theft\"]But the department has struggled to fill those new positions. A \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2024/05/california-wage-theft-audit-labor-commissioner/\">state audit released in May\u003c/a> found that a slow hiring process and lower salaries than some comparable state and local government jobs partly cause the staff shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monterroza said it’s out of her department’s hands whether the money could be used to increase salaries or speed up hiring, saying that must be bargained with state employee unions. Newsom’s office declined to comment, referring questions to the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How the fund is used is a key issue in ongoing negotiations between labor and business groups over changes to PAGA. Business groups, who backed a November \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/21-0027A1%20%28Employee%20Civil%20Action%29.pdf\">ballot measure to repeal the law\u003c/a>, say they will take the measure off the ballot if substantial changes can be agreed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent polling suggests voters support a legislative fix over a ballot measure. The sides face a June 27 deadline for the Legislature to approve changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any deal to avert the costly ballot measure will likely address how to spend the enforcement fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Labor Commissioner’s Office has hundreds of millions currently available,” said Kathy Fairbanks, a spokesperson for the coalition of employers sponsoring the ballot measure. “We strongly support using these funds to quickly hire and train staff to help resolve employee claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 30,000 and 40,000 workers file wage theft claims with the office annually. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/the-california-labor-commissioners-office/\">state audit found\u003c/a> chronic understaffing has led to a backlog of 47,000 cases, and the claims regularly take six times longer to resolve than state law allows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lorena Gonzalez, leader of the California Labor Federation and a former state assemblymember, said labor groups have advocated in past budgets to allow Labor Commissioner Lilia García-Brower to use the money to address the backlogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously, we have a crisis, and we have been asking and pushing the Legislature and the governor to beef up spending to hire up,” Gonzalez told CalMatters. “We were having a hard time getting attention. It’s one of many examples that it’s not a priority to process wage theft claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Assembly’s current and former labor committee chairpersons, San José Democrat \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/ash-kalra-100938\">Ash Kalra\u003c/a> and Hayward Democrat \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/liz-ortega-165416\">Liz Ortega\u003c/a>, both declined to comment. State Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/lola-smallwood-cuevas-113915\">Lola Smallwood-Cuevas\u003c/a>, a Los Angeles Democrat who leads the Senate labor committee, could not be reached for comment last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Chamber of Commerce CEO Jennifer Barrera also said she supported using available money to increase staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, an agreement for the state to appropriate the funds depends on broader negotiations about the scope of the PAGA law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two-decade-old state law allows the Labor Commissioner’s Office \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2022/04/california-labor-law/\">to outsource the role of suing employers\u003c/a> over alleged labor violations to private attorneys, with a worker standing in as plaintiff on behalf of the state and their coworkers. Most suits are \u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/UCLA-Labor-Center-Report_WEB.pdf\">brought over wage theft claims\u003c/a>, according to a UCLA Labor Center report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles cm-inline-recirc-hppb wpnbha show-image image-alignleft ts-3 is-1 is-landscape cm-inline-recirc-hppb has-text-align-left\">\n\u003cdiv data-posts=\"\" data-current-post-id=\"428099\">\n\u003cp>Business groups have pushed to repeal it for years, arguing it primarily enriches lawyers while subjecting businesses to frivolous cases over technical violations. Their ballot measure would direct cases back to the Labor Commissioner’s Office, where Fairbanks said workers stand to keep more money if they win individual wage theft claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor advocates say that would only worsen the backlogs at the Labor Commissioner’s Office and remove the option for workers to bring workplace-wide suits against problem employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez said even if the enforcement funds are spent on beefing up the labor agency’s staff, the law should still stand. The May state audit concluded the office would need nearly 900 employees to efficiently process all wage claims. That’s almost triple the positions currently approved for the office — and a third of those are vacant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Labor Commissioner itself is not equipped to handle all the cases we’re seeing in California today,” Gonzalez said. “We’re not fine with taking away the right of employees to sue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Despite \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/series/unpaid-wages-california-workers/\">reports of severe understaffing at California’s labor agency\u003c/a> that has hampered its ability to respond to a rise in complaints about wage theft and other labor violations, millions of dollars reserved for enforcing state labor laws still go unspent each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That pool of unused money comes from the state’s cut of the settlements and fines that businesses pay in response to lawsuits stemming from a unique California labor law — known as the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/02/paga-california-labor-law/\">Private Attorneys General Act\u003c/a> (PAGA) — that allows workers to sue their bosses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, the fund has grown faster than lawmakers and Gov. Gavin Newsom has directed it to be spent, CalMatters’ analysis of state budget documents shows. In 2022–23, they left $197 million in the fund unspent; the 2023–24 budget leaves $170 million unspent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state draws from the fund each year for portions of the Labor Commissioner’s budget. And the fund has paid for some worker outreach and enforcement. Those programs include $8.6 million in \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/DIRNews/2024/2024-38.html\">recent grants to 17 local prosecutors\u003c/a> to pursue criminal charges in wage theft cases and a pandemic-era partnership with community groups to inform workers in 42 different languages\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>about workplace rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the fund’s single biggest use in the past five years has been to shore up the state budget. In 2020, the state borrowed $107 million from the labor fund for uses other than direct labor enforcement. In April, \u003ca href=\"https://abgt.assembly.ca.gov/system/files/2024-04/early-action-summary-thursday-april-4-2024.pdf\">an early budget deal\u003c/a> between Newsom and legislative leaders allowed the state to borrow another $125 million as they sought to reduce a record shortfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither of these loans needs to be repaid until at least 2027\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>The administration has proposed to leave $119 million in the fund unused in the 2024–25 budget that it’s \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/capitol/2024/05/california-budget-deficit-legislature-democrats/\">negotiating with lawmakers this month\u003c/a> as part of an effort to cover the remaining $28 billion shortfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s use of the fund has frustrated businesses and labor groups alike, who say the state should spend much more of the money to help the Labor Commissioner’s Office hire or retain more staff needed to process a record number of workers’ wage theft claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to questions from CalMatters, Department of Industrial Relations spokesperson Erika Monterroza wrote in an email that the loans are not unusual during budget deficits and only come from money that’s not being used. She said $7.6 million from the fund is already allocated this year to processing wage claims.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But the department has struggled to fill those new positions. A \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2024/05/california-wage-theft-audit-labor-commissioner/\">state audit released in May\u003c/a> found that a slow hiring process and lower salaries than some comparable state and local government jobs partly cause the staff shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monterroza said it’s out of her department’s hands whether the money could be used to increase salaries or speed up hiring, saying that must be bargained with state employee unions. Newsom’s office declined to comment, referring questions to the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How the fund is used is a key issue in ongoing negotiations between labor and business groups over changes to PAGA. Business groups, who backed a November \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/21-0027A1%20%28Employee%20Civil%20Action%29.pdf\">ballot measure to repeal the law\u003c/a>, say they will take the measure off the ballot if substantial changes can be agreed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent polling suggests voters support a legislative fix over a ballot measure. The sides face a June 27 deadline for the Legislature to approve changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any deal to avert the costly ballot measure will likely address how to spend the enforcement fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Labor Commissioner’s Office has hundreds of millions currently available,” said Kathy Fairbanks, a spokesperson for the coalition of employers sponsoring the ballot measure. “We strongly support using these funds to quickly hire and train staff to help resolve employee claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 30,000 and 40,000 workers file wage theft claims with the office annually. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/the-california-labor-commissioners-office/\">state audit found\u003c/a> chronic understaffing has led to a backlog of 47,000 cases, and the claims regularly take six times longer to resolve than state law allows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lorena Gonzalez, leader of the California Labor Federation and a former state assemblymember, said labor groups have advocated in past budgets to allow Labor Commissioner Lilia García-Brower to use the money to address the backlogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously, we have a crisis, and we have been asking and pushing the Legislature and the governor to beef up spending to hire up,” Gonzalez told CalMatters. “We were having a hard time getting attention. It’s one of many examples that it’s not a priority to process wage theft claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Assembly’s current and former labor committee chairpersons, San José Democrat \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/ash-kalra-100938\">Ash Kalra\u003c/a> and Hayward Democrat \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/liz-ortega-165416\">Liz Ortega\u003c/a>, both declined to comment. State Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/lola-smallwood-cuevas-113915\">Lola Smallwood-Cuevas\u003c/a>, a Los Angeles Democrat who leads the Senate labor committee, could not be reached for comment last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Chamber of Commerce CEO Jennifer Barrera also said she supported using available money to increase staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, an agreement for the state to appropriate the funds depends on broader negotiations about the scope of the PAGA law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two-decade-old state law allows the Labor Commissioner’s Office \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2022/04/california-labor-law/\">to outsource the role of suing employers\u003c/a> over alleged labor violations to private attorneys, with a worker standing in as plaintiff on behalf of the state and their coworkers. Most suits are \u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/UCLA-Labor-Center-Report_WEB.pdf\">brought over wage theft claims\u003c/a>, according to a UCLA Labor Center report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles cm-inline-recirc-hppb wpnbha show-image image-alignleft ts-3 is-1 is-landscape cm-inline-recirc-hppb has-text-align-left\">\n\u003cdiv data-posts=\"\" data-current-post-id=\"428099\">\n\u003cp>Business groups have pushed to repeal it for years, arguing it primarily enriches lawyers while subjecting businesses to frivolous cases over technical violations. Their ballot measure would direct cases back to the Labor Commissioner’s Office, where Fairbanks said workers stand to keep more money if they win individual wage theft claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor advocates say that would only worsen the backlogs at the Labor Commissioner’s Office and remove the option for workers to bring workplace-wide suits against problem employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez said even if the enforcement funds are spent on beefing up the labor agency’s staff, the law should still stand. The May state audit concluded the office would need nearly 900 employees to efficiently process all wage claims. That’s almost triple the positions currently approved for the office — and a third of those are vacant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Labor Commissioner itself is not equipped to handle all the cases we’re seeing in California today,” Gonzalez said. “We’re not fine with taking away the right of employees to sue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Before becoming a member of the California Assembly, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/freddie-rodriguez-69\">Freddie Rodriguez\u003c/a> spent 30 years as an emergency medical technician in the San Gabriel Valley. He’s wheeled untold numbers of patients on gurneys into hospital emergency departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he’s seen all too often what happens when one of them tries to hurt caregivers. In fact, it recently happened to his daughter, Desirae, a respiratory technician. He told the Senate Public Safety Committee on Tuesday that she was recently assaulted on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This violence is unacceptable,” Rodriguez testified. “But for many of the health care heroes, they view workplace violence as just part of the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue prompted Rodriguez to introduce \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240ab977\">Assembly Bill 977\u003c/a>, which would increase penalties to a year in jail for those convicted of assaulting California’s hospital emergency room doctors, nurses and other workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the bill has an uncertain future due to resistance from progressive Democrats who, for the past decade, have sought to shrink the number of inmates in the state’s crowded jails and prisons. Indeed, former Gov. Jerry Brown, who faced a U.S. Supreme Court order to shrink the state’s prison population, vetoed an identical bill from Rodriguez \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_0151-0200/ab_172_vt_20151010.html\">in 2015\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those tensions were displayed when the bill narrowly passed the Senate Public Safety Committee earlier this week.[aside postID=news_11987204 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240521-SFGeneral-01-BL-1020x680.jpg']The safety committee’s liberal Democratic senators from the San Francisco Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/scott-wiener-100936\">Scott Wiener\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/nancy-skinner-34364\">Nancy Skinner\u003c/a>, opposed the legislation. They sided with the \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/organizations/-2775\">California Public Defenders Association\u003c/a> and prison reform advocates who argue that increasing criminal penalties doesn’t deter crime and who say laws on the books already prohibit assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there were evidence that an additional six months in county jail … would enhance the safety of these workers or serve as a deterrent, I would sign this bill,” Brown wrote. “I doubt that it would do either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this week’s hearing, the bill’s opponents also argued that many of the attacks in emergency departments are from patients having mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We realize now that because of the lack of mental-health resources …ERs are where people who are having a crisis of mental health are brought,” Skinner said. “And punishments like this are not deterrents for people who can use no judgment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner, however, didn’t vote on the bill, which counts the same as voting “no.” When Rodriguez’s bill passed the Assembly earlier this year, 12 members — most of them progressive Democrats who’ve been leery of increasing criminal penalties — didn’t vote. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/05/california-shoplifting-bill-democrats-vote/\">As CalMatters has reported, \u003c/a>lawmakers regularly avoid voting on controversial bills to avoid angering colleagues or eliminating a record of their opposition on sensitive matters. There is no distinction for legislators who abstain or are absent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11989246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11989246\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assemblymember Freddie Rodriguez addresses other lawmakers during a floor session at the state Capitol in Sacramento on April 4, 2024. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wiener cast the lone “no” vote in the five-member committee. The influential \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/organizations/-19\">California Medical Association\u003c/a>, representing the state’s physicians, supported the bill. The opposition from Skinner and Wiener represented a significant break from the association’s positions on legislation. Skinner has historically sided with the doctors’ group 80% of the time; Wiener 86%, according to an analysis from \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/\">CalMatters Digital Democracy database\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Murrieta Republican Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/kelly-seyarto-165446\">Kelly Seyarto\u003c/a>, who has historically aligned with the California Medical Association only 45% of the time, was firmly on the doctors’ side this time around.\u003cbr>\nHe’s a former battalion chief with the Los Angeles County Fire Department, who has seen his share of violent medical calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He told his committee colleagues that the legislation is “long overdue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know personally a nurse that was disabled [after] she was attacked and thrown to the ground,” Seyarto said. “She had a head injury, and she could never go back to work. She could never go back to work. And the person that did that, there was nothing mentally wrong with them. He was just mad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Before becoming a member of the California Assembly, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/freddie-rodriguez-69\">Freddie Rodriguez\u003c/a> spent 30 years as an emergency medical technician in the San Gabriel Valley. He’s wheeled untold numbers of patients on gurneys into hospital emergency departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he’s seen all too often what happens when one of them tries to hurt caregivers. In fact, it recently happened to his daughter, Desirae, a respiratory technician. He told the Senate Public Safety Committee on Tuesday that she was recently assaulted on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This violence is unacceptable,” Rodriguez testified. “But for many of the health care heroes, they view workplace violence as just part of the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue prompted Rodriguez to introduce \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240ab977\">Assembly Bill 977\u003c/a>, which would increase penalties to a year in jail for those convicted of assaulting California’s hospital emergency room doctors, nurses and other workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the bill has an uncertain future due to resistance from progressive Democrats who, for the past decade, have sought to shrink the number of inmates in the state’s crowded jails and prisons. Indeed, former Gov. Jerry Brown, who faced a U.S. Supreme Court order to shrink the state’s prison population, vetoed an identical bill from Rodriguez \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_0151-0200/ab_172_vt_20151010.html\">in 2015\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those tensions were displayed when the bill narrowly passed the Senate Public Safety Committee earlier this week.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The safety committee’s liberal Democratic senators from the San Francisco Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/scott-wiener-100936\">Scott Wiener\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/nancy-skinner-34364\">Nancy Skinner\u003c/a>, opposed the legislation. They sided with the \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/organizations/-2775\">California Public Defenders Association\u003c/a> and prison reform advocates who argue that increasing criminal penalties doesn’t deter crime and who say laws on the books already prohibit assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there were evidence that an additional six months in county jail … would enhance the safety of these workers or serve as a deterrent, I would sign this bill,” Brown wrote. “I doubt that it would do either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this week’s hearing, the bill’s opponents also argued that many of the attacks in emergency departments are from patients having mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We realize now that because of the lack of mental-health resources …ERs are where people who are having a crisis of mental health are brought,” Skinner said. “And punishments like this are not deterrents for people who can use no judgment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner, however, didn’t vote on the bill, which counts the same as voting “no.” When Rodriguez’s bill passed the Assembly earlier this year, 12 members — most of them progressive Democrats who’ve been leery of increasing criminal penalties — didn’t vote. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/05/california-shoplifting-bill-democrats-vote/\">As CalMatters has reported, \u003c/a>lawmakers regularly avoid voting on controversial bills to avoid angering colleagues or eliminating a record of their opposition on sensitive matters. There is no distinction for legislators who abstain or are absent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11989246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11989246\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMERWorkers02-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assemblymember Freddie Rodriguez addresses other lawmakers during a floor session at the state Capitol in Sacramento on April 4, 2024. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wiener cast the lone “no” vote in the five-member committee. The influential \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/organizations/-19\">California Medical Association\u003c/a>, representing the state’s physicians, supported the bill. The opposition from Skinner and Wiener represented a significant break from the association’s positions on legislation. Skinner has historically sided with the doctors’ group 80% of the time; Wiener 86%, according to an analysis from \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/\">CalMatters Digital Democracy database\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Murrieta Republican Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/kelly-seyarto-165446\">Kelly Seyarto\u003c/a>, who has historically aligned with the California Medical Association only 45% of the time, was firmly on the doctors’ side this time around.\u003cbr>\nHe’s a former battalion chief with the Los Angeles County Fire Department, who has seen his share of violent medical calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He told his committee colleagues that the legislation is “long overdue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know personally a nurse that was disabled [after] she was attacked and thrown to the ground,” Seyarto said. “She had a head injury, and she could never go back to work. She could never go back to work. And the person that did that, there was nothing mentally wrong with them. He was just mad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "californians-with-disabilities-face-barriers-when-voting-even-after-bills-and-lawsuits",
"title": "Californians With Disabilities Face Barriers When Voting, Even After Bills and Lawsuits",
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"content": "\u003cp>Lisamaria Martinez isn’t sure when she last voted in person. But she remembers the boots she wore that day — her “fabulous,” new navy blue boots with chunky heels, which gave her blisters on her milelong walk back home from the polling place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was part of her “confidence attire” to feel empowered because on most election days, Martinez — a blind voter in Alameda County — said she had to show poll workers how to help her use the voting machine. She needed them to take her seriously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I shouldn’t have to tell people how to do their jobs, right?” Martinez said in an interview. “That emotional labor shouldn’t always be on the person with the disability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez lost her sight when she was 5 due to severe allergic reactions but has regained some after surgeries. She needs her ballot read out loud to vote in person.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>In November 2012, however, the audio feature on the voting machine broke down, forcing her and others to read out their votes to others. She and others sued \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p672vy2HezfYXEt06Sbpy0H3NGwTiIjB/view\">the county\u003c/a> in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez’s other option is to fill out her ballot electronically. Visually impaired voters must still \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voting-resources/remote-accessible-vote-mail\">print out the ballot\u003c/a>, make sure it’s correct, sign the envelope and return it, requiring help from a sighted person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others with \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131024195135/http:/readingrights.org/definition-print-disabled\">print disabilities\u003c/a>, including those who struggle to use printed materials due to conditions such as learning disabilities or dexterity issues, experience similar challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been hailed\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>by \u003ca href=\"https://drshirleyweber.com/priorities/#:~:text=Leaders%20like%20Dr.%20Weber%20can%20restore%20trust%20in%20our%20democracy.\">state officials\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/press-releases/california-leads-nation-promoting-voter-access\">some voting rights advocates\u003c/a> as a \u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/08/2020-voting-guide.html\">national leader\u003c/a> in voting access. But advocates and blind voters, including Martinez, said Californians with disabilities still face unnecessary barriers to voting and lack options that work in other states. In 2022, the state ranked 17th in disability access, according to an election performance index by the \u003ca href=\"https://elections.mit.edu/#/data/indicators\">Massachusetts Institute of Technology\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To comply with \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/crt/national-voter-registration-act-1993-nvra\">federal law\u003c/a>, the Secretary of State’s office doesn’t collect data on the number of registered voters with disabilities. \u003ca href=\"https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST1Y2022.S1810?q=california%20disability\">Census data shows\u003c/a> about 4.2 million Californians of voting age live with a disability. More than 892,000 Californians have a visual disability, and about 93% of them are 18 or older.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prompted by new laws and court fights, California election officials have, in recent years, established stricter requirements to test how accessible voting machines are and have adopted systems for voters with disabilities to fill out their ballots electronically. However, efforts to allow people to also \u003cem>return\u003c/em> ballots electronically have stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, disability advocates are going to court: They are asking a federal judge to compel Secretary of State Shirley Weber’s office to allow voters who have difficulty using printed materials to \u003ca href=\"https://dralegal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/12_Ps_Ntc_of_Mtn__Mtn_for_PI__MOL_ISO_PI.pdf'\">return their ballots via fax (PDF)\u003c/a> in the November election — an option already available to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voter-registration/military-overseas-voters\">military and overseas voters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The current paper-based ballot return requirements … impose significant, unlawful barriers for voters with print disabilities,” the plaintiffs argue in the case, \u003ca href=\"https://apps.cand.uscourts.gov/CEO/cfd.aspx?71bv\">scheduled to be heard June 24\u003c/a> in U.S. District Court in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dozen states allow voters to return ballots electronically — by email, by fax or through an online portal — to at least some voters with disabilities, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncsl.org/elections-and-campaigns/electronic-ballot-return-internet-voting\">National Conference of State Legislatures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB1480\">2022 bill\u003c/a> sought to do the same in California. However, Weber \u003ca href=\"https://www.calvoter.org/sites/default/files/sb_1480_glazer-_opp_sos_6.27.22.pdf\">opposed it\u003c/a>, arguing that online voting would be vulnerable to cyberattacks. Some security experts and other election officials across the nation also \u003ca href=\"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2024/240214.pdf\">raised similar concerns (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secretary of state “of course supports the expansion of the franchise so that more voters can vote with more convenience,” Weber said in her opposition letter. “However, it is also our responsibility to weigh the expansion of the franchise with the security and safety of our existing election methods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber’s office declined to answer CalMatters’ questions for this story last week, citing the agency’s policy not to speak about pending litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do those with disabilities vote in California?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s constitution guarantees every voter\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the right to a secret ballot, and its \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voter-bill-rights\">voter bill of rights\u003c/a> guarantees any assistance they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-all-mail-election-explained-november-2020/#b0e8ab03-bff3-47d1-8ebe-ab0f8c38e5c3\">Since the 1920s\u003c/a>,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the state has expanded voting rights. California legalized absentee voting for military and overseas voters in 1922 and for \u003ca href=\"https://luskincenter.history.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/66/2020/09/Reckoning-with-our-Rights-Report-September-2020.pdf#page=18\">voters with physical disabilities in 1930 (PDF)\u003c/a>. It expanded it to all registered \u003ca href=\"https://luskincenter.history.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/66/2020/09/Reckoning-with-our-Rights-Report-September-2020.pdf#page=22\">voters in 1978 (PDF)\u003c/a>, and during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, became the \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/california-becomes-8th-us-state-make-universal-mail-in-ballots-permanent-2021-09-28/\">eighth state\u003c/a> to mail every registered voter a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters with \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131024195135/http:/readingrights.org/definition-print-disabled\">print disabilities\u003c/a> have also had their voting access improve through a mix of \u003ca href=\"https://acl.gov/sites/default/files/programs/2016-12/HAVA_factsheet.pdf\">federal (PDF)\u003c/a> and state policies, but that access is still limited, and progress was gained often through court fights, according to blind voters and advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2013 lawsuit against Alameda County, Martinez and others argued that faulty machines disenfranchised voters and denied them the right to “vote with full privacy and independence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Superior Court judge ruled in their favor in October 2013, and the county promised in May 2015 to test the accessibility of voting machines before every election, better\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>train poll workers on those machines and establish a hotline for any equipment malfunctions, according to \u003ca href=\"https://dralegal.org/case/california-council-of-the-blind-ccb-et-al-v-county-of-alameda-et-al/\">Disability Rights Advocates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11989106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11989106\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A voter at a vote center at Santa Ana College in Santa Ana on March 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren Justice/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2015, blind voters and advocates also \u003ca href=\"https://rbgg.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/Dkt-1-Complaint-for-Violations-of-the-ADA-RA-GC-12-17-15-1325-1.pdf\">sued San Mateo County (PDF)\u003c/a> after the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2028\">county mailed ballots\u003c/a> to all registered voters in 2014 to encourage more participation and reduce election costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2028\">nonpartisan Legislative Analyst’s Office\u003c/a> said all-mail balloting in another county did not significantly boost voter turnout and that some voters with disabilities might prefer in-person voting. And since there was no system to fill out ballots electronically at the time, disability activists argued it \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/2015/12/18/lawsuit-san-mateo-county-absentee-voting-system-excludes-blind-voters/\">excluded some voters\u003c/a> who were unable to use printed ballots on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a result, blind and visually impaired voters must rely on the assistance of others to read and mark their absentee ballots, thereby sacrificing the confidentiality of their vote, or forgo their right to vote by absentee ballot altogether,” \u003ca href=\"https://rbgg.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/Dkt-1-Complaint-for-Violations-of-the-ADA-RA-GC-12-17-15-1325-1.pdf\">the San Mateo lawsuit contended (PDF)\u003c/a>. The court eventually \u003ca href=\"https://rbgg.com/settlement-groundbreaking-lawsuit-paves-way-blind-voters-access-absentee-voting-program/\">sided with the plaintiffs\u003c/a>, ordering the county to better accommodate voters with disabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB2252\">passed a law in 2016\u003c/a> to develop \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voting-resources/remote-accessible-vote-mail\">a system\u003c/a> allowing eligible voters to fill out ballots electronically and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1013\">another in 2018\u003c/a> to require all counties to offer that system to voters with disabilities and military and overseas voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB860\">A 2020 state law\u003c/a> required all counties to offer the system to \u003ca href=\"https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/statewide-elections/2024-primary/trusted-info-ravbm.pdf\">any registered voter who requested it (PDF)\u003c/a> in the 2020 general election,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>and in 2021, another law \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB37\">made that permanent\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a video demonstration by \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54-Xbg5Nbg4\">Disability Rights California\u003c/a>, voters can hear the ballot text, check boxes accordingly and listen to their choices before voting. Voters can also choose bigger fonts or use magnifying lenses to vote. Voter guides are also available in audio and large font forms. Mail-in ballot envelopes have \u003ca href=\"https://www.factcheck.org/2021/08/exposing-the-holes-in-a-california-recall-election-conspiracy-theory/\">punch holes\u003c/a>, in part, to help visually impaired voters find where to sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, California\u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240ab545?slug=CA_202320240AB545\"> passed a law\u003c/a> that allows curbside voting for those with disabilities, regardless of whether the polling place is accessible or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are the hurdles for the visually impaired?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Voters with disabilities who want to mail in their ballot even after filling it out electronically need to find a printer. And without help from sighted people, it is hard for visually impaired voters to ensure their ballot was correctly printed and the envelope was correctly signed, said Jeff Thom, former president of the California Council of the Blind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your printer may often be out of ink without you knowing it,” said Thom, who is blind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters often seek help from family members and friends but sometimes have to pay others to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11989108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11989108\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeff Thom shares his experiences and unique challenges as a blind voter in Sacramento on May 14, 2024. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To vote in the November 2022 election, Christopher Gray, who is blind, hired a reader to help him mark and return his ballot and had to take time off work to match his reader’s schedule, according to the federal lawsuit against the secretary of state to be heard later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gray said he chose to use a paper ballot instead of an electronic one because he needed help returning his ballot. “Though I trusted my reader, I could not independently confirm they accurately marked my ballot and mailed it on my behalf,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the March primary, Gray voted in person because his paid assistant was sick for nearly a month, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dependence on others may make some voters feel beholden to their assistants, said Fred Nisen, a disability attorney who has \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cerebral-palsy/symptoms-causes/syc-20353999#:~:text=Cerebral%20palsy%20is%20a%20group,palsy%20may%20have%20exaggerated%20reflexes.\">cerebral palsy\u003c/a>. Nisen is co-chairperson of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/vaac\">Voting Accessibility Advisory Committee\u003c/a>, which makes recommendations to the secretary of state’s office and \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_0651-0700/ab_683_cfa_20150826_161916_sen_floor.html\">whose scope was expanded in 2016\u003c/a> to voters with any disability, not just the visually impaired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone’s political beliefs don’t align with their caregiver’s, for example, the caregiver might threaten to quit, Nisen said. “If you are divulging who you want to vote for, it can create conflict,” Nisen told CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For visually impaired voters who want to cast their ballot in person, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11907125/report-reducing-voting-locations-discouraged-participation-for-californias-black-and-latino-voters-in-2020\">consolidation of voting locations\u003c/a> in some counties forced some to travel farther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You couldn’t just walk through your neighborhood polling place anymore. You had to likely get in a car or take an Uber or transit to these vote centers, which is just way more inconvenient,” said Tim Elder, a blind voter in Alameda County and a disability attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2023, the U.S. Department of Justice opened an investigation into \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/crt/media/1338841/dl\">accessibility at Los Angeles County’s voting locations\u003c/a> during the 2020 and 2022 elections, focused on issues such as ramps and signage for voters with disabilities, including those with vision impairments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thom said that the audio on some voting machines can be muffled, and increasing the volume sometimes makes it even harder to hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alameda County, in-person voting was difficult even after Martinez’s lawsuit, according to some blind voters. During the June 2016 election, Elder waited as poll workers struggled to turn on the audio feature of voting machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I watched just voter after voter finish their ballot and move on,” until it was almost closing time, he said. He had brought his children to teach them about civic duty, but his wife, who had finished voting, had to take them home while he waited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s always an issue,” Martinez said. “It’s never under an hour.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Poll workers receive some training on assisting voters with disabilities, but it’s not in-depth, said Valerie Morishige, a voting rights advocate in Los Angeles County. Workers are trained on how to be respectful to all voters and how to increase font size or turn on audio options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while she said accessibility has improved over the last three elections, Morishige recalls issues such as power outages that prevented the use of audio or audio not being loaded onto voting machines. In one case, Morishige said she helped a voter by reading the entire ballot to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our system has a long way to go,” she said. “Our entire culture, honestly, has a long way to go to make this accessible for folks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is electronic ballot return too risky?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some California advocates and lawmakers have tried to improve access for voters with disabilities. In 2022, Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/steven-glazer-165414\">Steve Glazer\u003c/a>, an Orinda Democrat who led the Senate Elections Committee at the time, introduced the bill to \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB1480\">allow them to return their ballots electronically\u003c/a>. It died in the Assembly after the secretary of state’s office \u003ca href=\"https://www.calvoter.org/sites/default/files/sb_1480_glazer-_opp_sos_6.27.22.pdf\">opposed it (PDF)\u003c/a> due to security concerns.[aside postID=news_11964884 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/20230909-DAProtest-37-JY-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Glazer contended that security issues can be easily resolved, arguing people conduct financial transactions online already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was disappointed that the secretary opposed my bill, which, all it did was give her the power to ask for\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>a full assessment of the technology and security matters,” Glazer told CalMatters. “I think we all benefit by having broad accessibility to the ballot box, and that shouldn’t be limited by a disability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, California would not be a trailblazer in allowing voters with disabilities to vote electronically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colorado, for example, \u003ca href=\"https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/sb21-188\">passed such a law\u003c/a> in 2021. Eligible voters must verify their identity by entering their driver’s license number or the last four digits of their Social Security number before marking and downloading their filled-out\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>ballot. \u003ca href=\"https://myctbl.cde.state.co.us/sites/default/files/pdf/AccessibleVoting.pdf\">To return it (PDF)\u003c/a>, they must upload the electronic ballot, a signed ballot application and a picture of their ID to a secure state-run website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, \u003ca href=\"https://app.enhancedvoting.com/ebd/voter/Hawaii/vbm\">Hawaii allows for\u003c/a> electronic returns through an online portal, email or fax. Voters can email their ballot to the county elections office along with a signed affidavit or an electronic signature via a secure link, \u003ca href=\"https://elections.hawaii.gov/accessible-electronic-ballot/\">according to the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ksl.com/article/46600057/want-to-vote-from-your-smartphone-utah-county-to-become-3rd-area-in-us-to-test-mobile-voting\">Some counties\u003c/a> have tested voting with a smartphone app. But that method has sparked some security concerns, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sltrib.com/news/politics/2020/02/14/new-study-raises/\">with experts saying\u003c/a> the app could be hacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electronic ballot return, in general, is deemed \u003ca href=\"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2024/240214.pdf\">“high risk” (PDF)\u003c/a> by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which recommended paper ballots. The institute said electronic ballots should be “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2024/240214.pdf\">limited to voters (PDF)\u003c/a> who have no other means to return their ballot and have it counted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Ronco, president of the California Association of Clerks and Elections Officials and the registrar of voters for Placer County, said he is concerned about that risk: “Until we can have a provable system that allows for that electronic process, I’d be wary of just allowing it before we know all the safeguards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he said, electronic ballot return is not a “never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Technology is scary and amazing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nisen acknowledged the security risks with online voting, which he said is why he would never advocate offering the option to all voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody in California has the right to vote independently and privately. But for voters with print disabilities, it’s only independent … if they vote in person,” he said. “We need to balance security with accessibility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California is hailed as a national leader in voting access. But visually impaired voters and their advocates say they still face unnecessary barriers such as broken voting machines, forcing them to have to read their vote out loud to others.",
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"title": "Californians With Disabilities Face Barriers When Voting, Even After Bills and Lawsuits | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Lisamaria Martinez isn’t sure when she last voted in person. But she remembers the boots she wore that day — her “fabulous,” new navy blue boots with chunky heels, which gave her blisters on her milelong walk back home from the polling place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was part of her “confidence attire” to feel empowered because on most election days, Martinez — a blind voter in Alameda County — said she had to show poll workers how to help her use the voting machine. She needed them to take her seriously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I shouldn’t have to tell people how to do their jobs, right?” Martinez said in an interview. “That emotional labor shouldn’t always be on the person with the disability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez lost her sight when she was 5 due to severe allergic reactions but has regained some after surgeries. She needs her ballot read out loud to vote in person.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>In November 2012, however, the audio feature on the voting machine broke down, forcing her and others to read out their votes to others. She and others sued \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p672vy2HezfYXEt06Sbpy0H3NGwTiIjB/view\">the county\u003c/a> in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martinez’s other option is to fill out her ballot electronically. Visually impaired voters must still \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voting-resources/remote-accessible-vote-mail\">print out the ballot\u003c/a>, make sure it’s correct, sign the envelope and return it, requiring help from a sighted person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others with \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131024195135/http:/readingrights.org/definition-print-disabled\">print disabilities\u003c/a>, including those who struggle to use printed materials due to conditions such as learning disabilities or dexterity issues, experience similar challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been hailed\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>by \u003ca href=\"https://drshirleyweber.com/priorities/#:~:text=Leaders%20like%20Dr.%20Weber%20can%20restore%20trust%20in%20our%20democracy.\">state officials\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/press-releases/california-leads-nation-promoting-voter-access\">some voting rights advocates\u003c/a> as a \u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/08/2020-voting-guide.html\">national leader\u003c/a> in voting access. But advocates and blind voters, including Martinez, said Californians with disabilities still face unnecessary barriers to voting and lack options that work in other states. In 2022, the state ranked 17th in disability access, according to an election performance index by the \u003ca href=\"https://elections.mit.edu/#/data/indicators\">Massachusetts Institute of Technology\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To comply with \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/crt/national-voter-registration-act-1993-nvra\">federal law\u003c/a>, the Secretary of State’s office doesn’t collect data on the number of registered voters with disabilities. \u003ca href=\"https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST1Y2022.S1810?q=california%20disability\">Census data shows\u003c/a> about 4.2 million Californians of voting age live with a disability. More than 892,000 Californians have a visual disability, and about 93% of them are 18 or older.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prompted by new laws and court fights, California election officials have, in recent years, established stricter requirements to test how accessible voting machines are and have adopted systems for voters with disabilities to fill out their ballots electronically. However, efforts to allow people to also \u003cem>return\u003c/em> ballots electronically have stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, disability advocates are going to court: They are asking a federal judge to compel Secretary of State Shirley Weber’s office to allow voters who have difficulty using printed materials to \u003ca href=\"https://dralegal.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/12_Ps_Ntc_of_Mtn__Mtn_for_PI__MOL_ISO_PI.pdf'\">return their ballots via fax (PDF)\u003c/a> in the November election — an option already available to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voter-registration/military-overseas-voters\">military and overseas voters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The current paper-based ballot return requirements … impose significant, unlawful barriers for voters with print disabilities,” the plaintiffs argue in the case, \u003ca href=\"https://apps.cand.uscourts.gov/CEO/cfd.aspx?71bv\">scheduled to be heard June 24\u003c/a> in U.S. District Court in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dozen states allow voters to return ballots electronically — by email, by fax or through an online portal — to at least some voters with disabilities, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncsl.org/elections-and-campaigns/electronic-ballot-return-internet-voting\">National Conference of State Legislatures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB1480\">2022 bill\u003c/a> sought to do the same in California. However, Weber \u003ca href=\"https://www.calvoter.org/sites/default/files/sb_1480_glazer-_opp_sos_6.27.22.pdf\">opposed it\u003c/a>, arguing that online voting would be vulnerable to cyberattacks. Some security experts and other election officials across the nation also \u003ca href=\"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2024/240214.pdf\">raised similar concerns (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secretary of state “of course supports the expansion of the franchise so that more voters can vote with more convenience,” Weber said in her opposition letter. “However, it is also our responsibility to weigh the expansion of the franchise with the security and safety of our existing election methods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber’s office declined to answer CalMatters’ questions for this story last week, citing the agency’s policy not to speak about pending litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do those with disabilities vote in California?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s constitution guarantees every voter\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the right to a secret ballot, and its \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voter-bill-rights\">voter bill of rights\u003c/a> guarantees any assistance they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-all-mail-election-explained-november-2020/#b0e8ab03-bff3-47d1-8ebe-ab0f8c38e5c3\">Since the 1920s\u003c/a>,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>the state has expanded voting rights. California legalized absentee voting for military and overseas voters in 1922 and for \u003ca href=\"https://luskincenter.history.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/66/2020/09/Reckoning-with-our-Rights-Report-September-2020.pdf#page=18\">voters with physical disabilities in 1930 (PDF)\u003c/a>. It expanded it to all registered \u003ca href=\"https://luskincenter.history.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/66/2020/09/Reckoning-with-our-Rights-Report-September-2020.pdf#page=22\">voters in 1978 (PDF)\u003c/a>, and during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, became the \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/california-becomes-8th-us-state-make-universal-mail-in-ballots-permanent-2021-09-28/\">eighth state\u003c/a> to mail every registered voter a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters with \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131024195135/http:/readingrights.org/definition-print-disabled\">print disabilities\u003c/a> have also had their voting access improve through a mix of \u003ca href=\"https://acl.gov/sites/default/files/programs/2016-12/HAVA_factsheet.pdf\">federal (PDF)\u003c/a> and state policies, but that access is still limited, and progress was gained often through court fights, according to blind voters and advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2013 lawsuit against Alameda County, Martinez and others argued that faulty machines disenfranchised voters and denied them the right to “vote with full privacy and independence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Superior Court judge ruled in their favor in October 2013, and the county promised in May 2015 to test the accessibility of voting machines before every election, better\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>train poll workers on those machines and establish a hotline for any equipment malfunctions, according to \u003ca href=\"https://dralegal.org/case/california-council-of-the-blind-ccb-et-al-v-county-of-alameda-et-al/\">Disability Rights Advocates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11989106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11989106\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters02-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A voter at a vote center at Santa Ana College in Santa Ana on March 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren Justice/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2015, blind voters and advocates also \u003ca href=\"https://rbgg.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/Dkt-1-Complaint-for-Violations-of-the-ADA-RA-GC-12-17-15-1325-1.pdf\">sued San Mateo County (PDF)\u003c/a> after the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2028\">county mailed ballots\u003c/a> to all registered voters in 2014 to encourage more participation and reduce election costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB2028\">nonpartisan Legislative Analyst’s Office\u003c/a> said all-mail balloting in another county did not significantly boost voter turnout and that some voters with disabilities might prefer in-person voting. And since there was no system to fill out ballots electronically at the time, disability activists argued it \u003ca href=\"https://www.santacruzsentinel.com/2015/12/18/lawsuit-san-mateo-county-absentee-voting-system-excludes-blind-voters/\">excluded some voters\u003c/a> who were unable to use printed ballots on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a result, blind and visually impaired voters must rely on the assistance of others to read and mark their absentee ballots, thereby sacrificing the confidentiality of their vote, or forgo their right to vote by absentee ballot altogether,” \u003ca href=\"https://rbgg.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/Dkt-1-Complaint-for-Violations-of-the-ADA-RA-GC-12-17-15-1325-1.pdf\">the San Mateo lawsuit contended (PDF)\u003c/a>. The court eventually \u003ca href=\"https://rbgg.com/settlement-groundbreaking-lawsuit-paves-way-blind-voters-access-absentee-voting-program/\">sided with the plaintiffs\u003c/a>, ordering the county to better accommodate voters with disabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB2252\">passed a law in 2016\u003c/a> to develop \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voting-resources/remote-accessible-vote-mail\">a system\u003c/a> allowing eligible voters to fill out ballots electronically and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1013\">another in 2018\u003c/a> to require all counties to offer that system to voters with disabilities and military and overseas voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB860\">A 2020 state law\u003c/a> required all counties to offer the system to \u003ca href=\"https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/statewide-elections/2024-primary/trusted-info-ravbm.pdf\">any registered voter who requested it (PDF)\u003c/a> in the 2020 general election,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>and in 2021, another law \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB37\">made that permanent\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a video demonstration by \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54-Xbg5Nbg4\">Disability Rights California\u003c/a>, voters can hear the ballot text, check boxes accordingly and listen to their choices before voting. Voters can also choose bigger fonts or use magnifying lenses to vote. Voter guides are also available in audio and large font forms. Mail-in ballot envelopes have \u003ca href=\"https://www.factcheck.org/2021/08/exposing-the-holes-in-a-california-recall-election-conspiracy-theory/\">punch holes\u003c/a>, in part, to help visually impaired voters find where to sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, California\u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240ab545?slug=CA_202320240AB545\"> passed a law\u003c/a> that allows curbside voting for those with disabilities, regardless of whether the polling place is accessible or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are the hurdles for the visually impaired?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Voters with disabilities who want to mail in their ballot even after filling it out electronically need to find a printer. And without help from sighted people, it is hard for visually impaired voters to ensure their ballot was correctly printed and the envelope was correctly signed, said Jeff Thom, former president of the California Council of the Blind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your printer may often be out of ink without you knowing it,” said Thom, who is blind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters often seek help from family members and friends but sometimes have to pay others to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11989108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11989108\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CMVoters03-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeff Thom shares his experiences and unique challenges as a blind voter in Sacramento on May 14, 2024. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To vote in the November 2022 election, Christopher Gray, who is blind, hired a reader to help him mark and return his ballot and had to take time off work to match his reader’s schedule, according to the federal lawsuit against the secretary of state to be heard later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gray said he chose to use a paper ballot instead of an electronic one because he needed help returning his ballot. “Though I trusted my reader, I could not independently confirm they accurately marked my ballot and mailed it on my behalf,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the March primary, Gray voted in person because his paid assistant was sick for nearly a month, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dependence on others may make some voters feel beholden to their assistants, said Fred Nisen, a disability attorney who has \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cerebral-palsy/symptoms-causes/syc-20353999#:~:text=Cerebral%20palsy%20is%20a%20group,palsy%20may%20have%20exaggerated%20reflexes.\">cerebral palsy\u003c/a>. Nisen is co-chairperson of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/vaac\">Voting Accessibility Advisory Committee\u003c/a>, which makes recommendations to the secretary of state’s office and \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_0651-0700/ab_683_cfa_20150826_161916_sen_floor.html\">whose scope was expanded in 2016\u003c/a> to voters with any disability, not just the visually impaired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone’s political beliefs don’t align with their caregiver’s, for example, the caregiver might threaten to quit, Nisen said. “If you are divulging who you want to vote for, it can create conflict,” Nisen told CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For visually impaired voters who want to cast their ballot in person, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11907125/report-reducing-voting-locations-discouraged-participation-for-californias-black-and-latino-voters-in-2020\">consolidation of voting locations\u003c/a> in some counties forced some to travel farther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You couldn’t just walk through your neighborhood polling place anymore. You had to likely get in a car or take an Uber or transit to these vote centers, which is just way more inconvenient,” said Tim Elder, a blind voter in Alameda County and a disability attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2023, the U.S. Department of Justice opened an investigation into \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/crt/media/1338841/dl\">accessibility at Los Angeles County’s voting locations\u003c/a> during the 2020 and 2022 elections, focused on issues such as ramps and signage for voters with disabilities, including those with vision impairments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thom said that the audio on some voting machines can be muffled, and increasing the volume sometimes makes it even harder to hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alameda County, in-person voting was difficult even after Martinez’s lawsuit, according to some blind voters. During the June 2016 election, Elder waited as poll workers struggled to turn on the audio feature of voting machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I watched just voter after voter finish their ballot and move on,” until it was almost closing time, he said. He had brought his children to teach them about civic duty, but his wife, who had finished voting, had to take them home while he waited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s always an issue,” Martinez said. “It’s never under an hour.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Poll workers receive some training on assisting voters with disabilities, but it’s not in-depth, said Valerie Morishige, a voting rights advocate in Los Angeles County. Workers are trained on how to be respectful to all voters and how to increase font size or turn on audio options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while she said accessibility has improved over the last three elections, Morishige recalls issues such as power outages that prevented the use of audio or audio not being loaded onto voting machines. In one case, Morishige said she helped a voter by reading the entire ballot to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our system has a long way to go,” she said. “Our entire culture, honestly, has a long way to go to make this accessible for folks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is electronic ballot return too risky?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some California advocates and lawmakers have tried to improve access for voters with disabilities. In 2022, Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/steven-glazer-165414\">Steve Glazer\u003c/a>, an Orinda Democrat who led the Senate Elections Committee at the time, introduced the bill to \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB1480\">allow them to return their ballots electronically\u003c/a>. It died in the Assembly after the secretary of state’s office \u003ca href=\"https://www.calvoter.org/sites/default/files/sb_1480_glazer-_opp_sos_6.27.22.pdf\">opposed it (PDF)\u003c/a> due to security concerns.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Glazer contended that security issues can be easily resolved, arguing people conduct financial transactions online already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was disappointed that the secretary opposed my bill, which, all it did was give her the power to ask for\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>a full assessment of the technology and security matters,” Glazer told CalMatters. “I think we all benefit by having broad accessibility to the ballot box, and that shouldn’t be limited by a disability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, California would not be a trailblazer in allowing voters with disabilities to vote electronically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colorado, for example, \u003ca href=\"https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/sb21-188\">passed such a law\u003c/a> in 2021. Eligible voters must verify their identity by entering their driver’s license number or the last four digits of their Social Security number before marking and downloading their filled-out\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>ballot. \u003ca href=\"https://myctbl.cde.state.co.us/sites/default/files/pdf/AccessibleVoting.pdf\">To return it (PDF)\u003c/a>, they must upload the electronic ballot, a signed ballot application and a picture of their ID to a secure state-run website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, \u003ca href=\"https://app.enhancedvoting.com/ebd/voter/Hawaii/vbm\">Hawaii allows for\u003c/a> electronic returns through an online portal, email or fax. Voters can email their ballot to the county elections office along with a signed affidavit or an electronic signature via a secure link, \u003ca href=\"https://elections.hawaii.gov/accessible-electronic-ballot/\">according to the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ksl.com/article/46600057/want-to-vote-from-your-smartphone-utah-county-to-become-3rd-area-in-us-to-test-mobile-voting\">Some counties\u003c/a> have tested voting with a smartphone app. But that method has sparked some security concerns, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sltrib.com/news/politics/2020/02/14/new-study-raises/\">with experts saying\u003c/a> the app could be hacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electronic ballot return, in general, is deemed \u003ca href=\"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2024/240214.pdf\">“high risk” (PDF)\u003c/a> by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which recommended paper ballots. The institute said electronic ballots should be “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2024/240214.pdf\">limited to voters (PDF)\u003c/a> who have no other means to return their ballot and have it counted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Ronco, president of the California Association of Clerks and Elections Officials and the registrar of voters for Placer County, said he is concerned about that risk: “Until we can have a provable system that allows for that electronic process, I’d be wary of just allowing it before we know all the safeguards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he said, electronic ballot return is not a “never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Technology is scary and amazing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nisen acknowledged the security risks with online voting, which he said is why he would never advocate offering the option to all voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody in California has the right to vote independently and privately. But for voters with print disabilities, it’s only independent … if they vote in person,” he said. “We need to balance security with accessibility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "how-to-avoid-unexpected-tax-liabilities-with-covered-california-health-care",
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"content": "\u003cp>Every tax season, hundreds of thousands of Californians are hit with an unexpected bill: They owe hundreds of dollars or more to the IRS because they accepted more money in subsidies for health insurance than they were allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chargeback can sting. Collectively, \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/statistics/soi-tax-stats-historic-table-2\">415,000 California households\u003c/a> owed the IRS close to $690 million in 2021 in charges related to the health care subsidies, according to agency data from the most recent year available. That is roughly $1,662 per person or family. Many people who end up owing money live in lower-income households.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11974310,news_11956545\" label=\"What are teachers really paid?\"]This repayment rule is connected to the federal \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/affordable-care-act/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Affordable Care Act\u003c/a> and the state-based health insurance plans it encouraged. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2023/07/covered-california-2024-health-rates/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Covered California\u003c/a>, the state’s insurance marketplace offers generous premium subsidies to those who qualify based on their income, but people can unknowingly receive too much aid if they underestimate how much they’ll earn the following year or if they lose a dependent and do not report that change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government collects any “excess” aid when people file their taxes. The government calls this process “reconciliation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years after the rollout of the insurance marketplace, many Californians continue to be caught off guard come tax filing time. Often, the charges come as a shock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They feel like they’re following the rules, they’re getting their coverage. And, they just kind of feel like they’re getting in trouble for doing everything right,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kyccla.org/about/executive-leadership/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Audrey Casillas\u003c/a>, assistant director of community economic development services at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kyccla.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Koreatown Youth and Community Center.\u003c/a> Her nonprofit helps local low-income residents prepare their taxes at no cost as part of a \u003ca href=\"https://dcba.lacounty.gov/volunteer-income-tax-assistance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Los Angeles County tax assistance program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people who receive excess aid are not wealthy. About half of the households who owed the IRS for excess premium subsidies in tax year 2021 earned less than $50,000, according to data from the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.quotevalley.com/about-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alex Hernandez\u003c/a>, an insurance broker in Merced, said most people can avoid this clawback by reporting any changes in income and dependents to Covered California as soon as possible. This way, the agency will adjust the amount of premium subsidies a person or family receives, and they’ll avoid an unpleasant surprise come tax filing time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez tells clients to report all taxable income to the agency, including any extras, such as a bonus or significant winnings from a lucky night at the casino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some members who are doing the enrollment themselves think that they need to go by last year’s income, and that’s not always the case,” Hernandez said. People should instead estimate income based on their current situation, he explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Don’t wait for open enrollment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Covered California, in an emailed response to questions from CalMatters, said it sends a notice reminding enrollees to report any changes, such as income and household size before they sign up for or renew coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Consumers are reminded throughout the notice to ensure their information is accurate, and states what the tax implications are if information is incorrect,” Jagdip Dhillon, a Covered California spokesperson, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, people shouldn’t wait until open enrollment to declare changes. Enrollees can report changes at any point, either with the help of an enrollment counselor or by calling Covered California directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People may need mid-year reminders; if you’re only getting this (notice) once a year, it can be kind of late,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/person/cynthia-cox/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cynthia Cox\u003c/a>, director of the program on the Affordable Care Act at KFF, a health policy organization that conducts polling and research. “Open enrollment is in November, and tax season is April. It might be a good idea to think about it in July.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reconciliation rule also works the other way around. People who overestimate their income and receive less subsidies than they’re eligible for could get money back. And for those who make less than 400% of the federal poverty level, there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/faqs/faqs-health-insurance-marketplace-and-the-aca/whats-the-most-i-would-have-to-repay-the-irs/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">limits to how much they’d have to repay\u003c/a> the IRS if they were to owe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time of learning they’ll owe the IRS, some people question whether they should keep their health insurance, Casillas said. But people may also owe if they go without insurance. That’s because California is one of five states that require residents to have health insurance. Those \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/03/california-health-insurance-penalty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">who go without it may face penalties\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Many save money with Covered California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some people who have encountered this issue in the past see it as a tradeoff, Casillas said. They pay very little for their health insurance every month but pay hundreds or a couple of thousand dollars when they file their taxes. For many people, what they end up owing the IRS is still less than what they’d pay for a health plan at full price or what they’d pay for a hospital visit, Casillas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just tell them, ‘Hey, you know what, these things can be unpredictable. You want to have some savings,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correctly estimating next year’s earnings can be especially difficult for people who freelance or job hop, causing their estimates to be less precise, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people on the ACA marketplace do have incomes that can be very volatile. They might be piecing together part-time jobs or are self-employed or small business owners,” Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez said he advises people enrolled in a Covered California plan to find an agent of their own and check in with them every so often. Because agents get commissions from insurance companies, this service is often free to the public. This is the best way to be informed and avoid unexpected charges, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Supported by the California Health Care Foundation (CHCF), which works to ensure that people have access to the care they need, when they need it, at a price they can afford. Visit www.chcf.org to learn more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Every year, thousands of Californians are shocked to learn they owe the IRS for their subsidized health plan. Here’s how to avoid it.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Every tax season, hundreds of thousands of Californians are hit with an unexpected bill: They owe hundreds of dollars or more to the IRS because they accepted more money in subsidies for health insurance than they were allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chargeback can sting. Collectively, \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/statistics/soi-tax-stats-historic-table-2\">415,000 California households\u003c/a> owed the IRS close to $690 million in 2021 in charges related to the health care subsidies, according to agency data from the most recent year available. That is roughly $1,662 per person or family. Many people who end up owing money live in lower-income households.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This repayment rule is connected to the federal \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/affordable-care-act/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Affordable Care Act\u003c/a> and the state-based health insurance plans it encouraged. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2023/07/covered-california-2024-health-rates/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Covered California\u003c/a>, the state’s insurance marketplace offers generous premium subsidies to those who qualify based on their income, but people can unknowingly receive too much aid if they underestimate how much they’ll earn the following year or if they lose a dependent and do not report that change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government collects any “excess” aid when people file their taxes. The government calls this process “reconciliation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years after the rollout of the insurance marketplace, many Californians continue to be caught off guard come tax filing time. Often, the charges come as a shock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They feel like they’re following the rules, they’re getting their coverage. And, they just kind of feel like they’re getting in trouble for doing everything right,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kyccla.org/about/executive-leadership/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Audrey Casillas\u003c/a>, assistant director of community economic development services at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kyccla.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Koreatown Youth and Community Center.\u003c/a> Her nonprofit helps local low-income residents prepare their taxes at no cost as part of a \u003ca href=\"https://dcba.lacounty.gov/volunteer-income-tax-assistance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Los Angeles County tax assistance program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people who receive excess aid are not wealthy. About half of the households who owed the IRS for excess premium subsidies in tax year 2021 earned less than $50,000, according to data from the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.quotevalley.com/about-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alex Hernandez\u003c/a>, an insurance broker in Merced, said most people can avoid this clawback by reporting any changes in income and dependents to Covered California as soon as possible. This way, the agency will adjust the amount of premium subsidies a person or family receives, and they’ll avoid an unpleasant surprise come tax filing time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez tells clients to report all taxable income to the agency, including any extras, such as a bonus or significant winnings from a lucky night at the casino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some members who are doing the enrollment themselves think that they need to go by last year’s income, and that’s not always the case,” Hernandez said. People should instead estimate income based on their current situation, he explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Don’t wait for open enrollment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Covered California, in an emailed response to questions from CalMatters, said it sends a notice reminding enrollees to report any changes, such as income and household size before they sign up for or renew coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Consumers are reminded throughout the notice to ensure their information is accurate, and states what the tax implications are if information is incorrect,” Jagdip Dhillon, a Covered California spokesperson, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, people shouldn’t wait until open enrollment to declare changes. Enrollees can report changes at any point, either with the help of an enrollment counselor or by calling Covered California directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People may need mid-year reminders; if you’re only getting this (notice) once a year, it can be kind of late,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/person/cynthia-cox/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cynthia Cox\u003c/a>, director of the program on the Affordable Care Act at KFF, a health policy organization that conducts polling and research. “Open enrollment is in November, and tax season is April. It might be a good idea to think about it in July.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reconciliation rule also works the other way around. People who overestimate their income and receive less subsidies than they’re eligible for could get money back. And for those who make less than 400% of the federal poverty level, there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/faqs/faqs-health-insurance-marketplace-and-the-aca/whats-the-most-i-would-have-to-repay-the-irs/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">limits to how much they’d have to repay\u003c/a> the IRS if they were to owe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time of learning they’ll owe the IRS, some people question whether they should keep their health insurance, Casillas said. But people may also owe if they go without insurance. That’s because California is one of five states that require residents to have health insurance. Those \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/03/california-health-insurance-penalty/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">who go without it may face penalties\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Many save money with Covered California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some people who have encountered this issue in the past see it as a tradeoff, Casillas said. They pay very little for their health insurance every month but pay hundreds or a couple of thousand dollars when they file their taxes. For many people, what they end up owing the IRS is still less than what they’d pay for a health plan at full price or what they’d pay for a hospital visit, Casillas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just tell them, ‘Hey, you know what, these things can be unpredictable. You want to have some savings,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correctly estimating next year’s earnings can be especially difficult for people who freelance or job hop, causing their estimates to be less precise, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people on the ACA marketplace do have incomes that can be very volatile. They might be piecing together part-time jobs or are self-employed or small business owners,” Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez said he advises people enrolled in a Covered California plan to find an agent of their own and check in with them every so often. Because agents get commissions from insurance companies, this service is often free to the public. This is the best way to be informed and avoid unexpected charges, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Supported by the California Health Care Foundation (CHCF), which works to ensure that people have access to the care they need, when they need it, at a price they can afford. Visit www.chcf.org to learn more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-teachers-utilize-ai-for-paper-grading-but-who-evaluates-the-ai",
"title": "California Teachers Utilize AI for Paper Grading, But Who Evaluates the AI?",
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"headTitle": "California Teachers Utilize AI for Paper Grading, But Who Evaluates the AI? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Your children could be some of a growing number of California kids having their writing graded by software instead of a teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California school districts are signing more contracts for artificial intelligence tools, from automated grading in San Diego to chatbots in central California, Los Angeles, and the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>English teachers say AI tools can help them grade papers faster, get students more feedback, and improve their learning experience. However, guidelines are vague, and adoption by teachers and districts is spotty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Education can’t tell you which schools use AI or how much they pay for it. The state doesn’t track AI use by school districts, said Katherine Goyette, computer science coordinator for the California Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Goyette said chatbots are the most common form of AI she’s encountered in schools, more and more California teachers are using AI tools to help grade student work. That’s consistent with surveys that have found \u003ca href=\"https://www.waltonfamilyfoundation.org/chatgpt-used-by-teachers-more-than-students-new-survey-from-walton-family-foundation-finds\">teachers use AI as often, if not more than students\u003c/a>, news that contrasts sharply with headlines about fears of students cheating with AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers use AI to do things like personalize reading material, create lesson plans, and other tasks in order to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/teachers-are-going-all-in-on-generative-ai/\">save time and and reduce burnout\u003c/a>. A report issued last fall in response to an \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/technology/2024/03/california-ai-purchasing-guidelines/\">AI executive order by Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> mentions opportunities to use AI for tutoring, summarization, and personalized content generation but also labels education a risky use case. Generative AI tools have been known to create convincing but inaccurate answers to questions and use\u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/efforts-make-text-ai-less-racist-terrible/\"> toxic language\u003c/a> or imagery laden with racism or sexism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ca/cs/aiincalifornia.asp\">issued guidance\u003c/a> for how educators should use the technology last fall, one of seven states to do so. It encourages critical analysis of text and imagery created by AI models and conversations between teachers and students about what amounts to ethical or appropriate use of AI in the classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But no specific mention is made of how teachers should treat AI that grades assignments. Additionally, the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=33308.5&lawCode=EDC\">California education code\u003c/a> states that guidance from the state is “merely exemplary and that compliance with the guidelines is not mandatory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988689\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988689\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29.jpg\" alt=\"A closeup of a laptop screen.\" width=\"1600\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29-1020x1275.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29-1229x1536.jpg 1229w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">English teacher Jen Roberts uses Writeable, an AI platform, to grade students’ work at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Goyette said she’s waiting to see if the California Legislature passes \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240sb1288?slug=CA_202320240SB1288\">Senate Bill 1288\u003c/a>, which would require state Superintendent Tony Thurmond to create an AI working group to issue further guidance to local school districts on how to safely use AI. Cosponsored by Thurmond, the bill also calls for an assessment of the current state of AI in education and for the identification of forms of AI that can harm students and educators by 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nobody tracks what AI tools school districts are adopting or the policy they use to enforce standards, said Alix Gallagher, head of strategic partnerships at the Policy Analysis for California Education center at Stanford University. Since the state does not track curriculum that school districts adopt or software in use, it would be highly unusual for them to track AI contracts, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11988031,news_11987803,mindshift_63809\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Amid AI hype, Gallagher thinks people can lose sight of the fact that the technology is just a tool and it will only be as good or problematic as the decisions of the humans using that tool, which is why she repeatedly urges investments in helping teachers understand AI tools and how to be thoughtful about their use and making space for communities are given voice about how to best meet their kid’s needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people will probably make some pretty bad decisions that are not in the best interests of kids, and some other people might find ways to use maybe even the same tools to enrich student experiences,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teachers use AI to grade English papers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last summer, Jen Roberts, an English teacher at Point Loma High School in San Diego, went to a training session to learn how to use Writable, an AI tool that automates grading writing assignments and gives students feedback powered by OpenAI. For the past school year, Roberts used Writable and other AI tools in the classroom, and she said it’s been the best year yet of nearly three decades of teaching. Roberts said it has made her students better writers, not because AI did the writing for them, but because automated feedback can tell her students faster than she can how to improve, which in turn allows her to hand out more writing assignments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At this point last year, a lot of students were still struggling to write a paragraph, let alone an essay with evidence and claims and reasoning and explanation and elaboration and all of that,” Roberts said. “This year, they’re just getting there faster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts feels Writable is “very accurate” when grading her students of average aptitude. But, she said, there’s a downside: It sometimes assigns high-performing students lower grades than merited and struggling students higher grades. She said she routinely checks answers when the AI grades assignments but only checks the feedback it gives students occasionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In actual practicality, I do not look at the feedback it gives every single student,” she said. “That’s just not a great use of my time. But I do a lot of spot checking, and I see what’s going on, and if I see a student that I’m worried about get feedback, (I’m like) ‘Let me go look at what his feedback is and then go talk to him about that.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988687\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988687\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18.jpg\" alt=\"Students sit at desks with laptops in front of them in a classroom.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students read during Jen Roberts’ English class at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. Roberts uses AI platforms for classroom exercises and grading. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alex Rainey teaches English to fourth graders at Chico Country Day School in northern California. She used GPT-4, a language model made by OpenAI which costs $20 a month, to grade papers and provide feedback. After uploading her grading rubric and examples of her written feedback, she used AI to grade assignments about animal defense mechanisms, allowing GPT-4 to analyze students’ grammar and sentence structure while she focused on assessing creativity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988685\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988685\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12.jpg\" alt=\"A closeup of a laptop screen.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student uses Magic School, an AI platform, to help generate ideas for a classroom writing prompt at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I feel like the feedback it gave was very similar to how I grade my kids like my brain was tapped into it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Roberts, she found that it saves time, transforming work that took hours into less than an hour, but she also found that sometimes GPT-4 is a tougher grader than she is. She agrees that quicker feedback and the ability to dole out more writing assignments produces better writers. A teacher can assign more writing before delivering feedback, but “then kids have nothing to grow from.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rainey said her experience grading with GPT-4 left her in agreement with Roberts, that more feedback and writing more often produces better writers. She feels strongly that teachers still need to oversee grading and feedback by AI, “but I think it’s amazing. I couldn’t go backwards now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The cost of using AI in the classroom\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Contracts involving artificial intelligence can be lucrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To launch a chatbot named Ed, the Los Angeles Unified School District signed a $6.2 million contract for two years with the option of renewing for three additional years. Educators in Los Angeles use magic School AI and costs $100 per teacher per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite repeated calls and emails over the span of roughly a month, Writable and the San Diego Unified School District declined to share pricing details with CalMatters. A district spokesperson said teachers got access to Writeable through a contract with Houghton Mifflin Harcourt for English language learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>QuillBot is an AI-powered writing tool for students in grades 4-12 made by the company Quill. Quill says its tool is currently used at 1,000 schools in California and has more than 13,000 student and educator users in San Diego alone. An annual Quill Premium subscription costs $80 per teacher or $1800 per school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>QuillBot does not generate writing for students like ChatGPT or grade writing assignments but gives students feedback on their writing. Quill is a nonprofit that’s raised $20 million from groups like Google’s charitable foundation and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation over the past 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988683\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988683\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman wearing glasses and a black seater with a a dark red shirt points at a board while students at desks with laptops look.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">English teacher Jen Roberts explains to her students how she uses Magic School, an AI platform, at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. Roberts uses AI platforms for classroom exercises and grading. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even if a teacher or district wants to shell out for an AI tool, guidance for safe and responsible use is still getting worked out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governments are placing high-risk labels on forms of AI with the power to make critical decisions about \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/technology/2024/05/ca-eu-ai-regulation/\">whether a person gets a job or rents an apartment or receives government benefits\u003c/a>. California Federation of Teachers President Jeff Freitas said he hasn’t considered whether AI for grading is moderate or high risk, but “it definitely is a risk to use for grading.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Federation of Teachers is a union with 120,000 members. Freitas told CalMatters he’s concerned about AI having a number of consequences in the classroom. He’s worried administrators may use it to justify increasing classroom sizes or adding to teacher workloads; he’s worried about climate change and the amount of energy needed to train and deploy AI models’ he’s worried about protecting students’ privacy, and he’s worried about automation bias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators around the world are wrestling with AI praise approaches where it is used to \u003cem>augment \u003c/em>human decision-making instead of replacing it. But it’s difficult for laws to account for automation bias and humans becoming placing too much trust in machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Federation of Teachers created an AI working group in October 2023 to propose guidance on how educators should use the technology or talk about it in collective bargaining contract negotiations. Freitas said those guidelines are due out in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to provide guidelines for educators to not solely rely on (AI), he said. “It should be used as a tool, and you should not lose your critical analysis of what it’s producing for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State AI guidelines for teachers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Goyette, the computer science coordinator for the education department, helped create state AI guidelines and speaks to county offices of education for in-person training on AI for educators. She also helped create an online AI training series for educators. She said the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0QXvYEjGKbI\">most popular online course is about workflow and efficiency\u003c/a>, which shows teachers how to automate lesson planning and grading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teachers have an incredibly important and tough job, and what’s most important is that they’re building relationships with their students,” she said. “There’s decades of research that speaks to the power of that, so if they can save time on mundane tasks so that they can spend more time with their students, that’s a win.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988684\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988684\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman wearing glasses and a black seater with a a dark red shirt stand behind students sitting at desks in a classroom. \" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">English teacher Jen Roberts checks on her student’s work at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. Roberts uses AI platforms for classroom exercises and grading. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alex Kotran, chief executive of an education nonprofit that’s supported by Google and OpenAI, said they found that it’s hard to design a language model to predictably match how a teacher grades papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He spoke with teachers willing to accept a model that’s accurate 80% of the time in order to reap the reward of time saved, but he thinks it’s probably safe to say that a student or parent would want to make sure an AI model used for grading is even more accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotran of the AI Education Project thinks it makes sense for school districts to adopt a policy that says teachers should be wary any time they use AI tools that can have disparate effects on student’s lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with such a policy, teachers can still fall victim to trusting AI without question. And even if the state kept track of AI used by school districts, there’s still the possibility that teachers will purchase technology for use on their personal computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotran said he routinely speaks with educators across the U.S. and is not aware of any systematic studies to verify the effectiveness and consistency of AI for grading English papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-when-teachers-can-t-tell-if-they-re-cheating\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">When teachers can’t tell if they’re cheating\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Roberts, the Point Loma High School teacher, describes herself as pro technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She \u003ca href=\"http://www.litandtech.com/\">regularly writes\u003c/a> and speaks about AI. Her experiences have led her to the opinion that grading with AI is what’s best for her students, but she didn’t arrive at that conclusion easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, she questioned whether using AI for grading and feedback could hurt her understanding of her students. Today, she views using AI as the cross-country coach who rides alongside student-athletes in a golf cart, like an aid that helps her assist her students better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988688\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20.jpg\" alt=\"A hand rests on a laptop keyboard with a book beside it.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student scrolls through their laptop during class at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Roberts says the average high school English teacher in her district has roughly 180 students. Grading and feedback can take between five to 10 minutes per assignment, she says, so between teaching, meetings, and other duties, it can take two to three weeks to get feedback back into the hands of students unless a teacher decides to give up large chunks of their weekends. With AI, it takes Roberts a day or two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, she concluded, “If my students are growing as writers, then I don’t think I’m cheating.” She says AI reduces her fatigue, giving her more time to focus on struggling students and giving them more detailed feedback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My job is to make sure you grow and that you’re a healthy, happy, literate adult by the time you graduate from high school, and I will use any tool that helps me do that, and I’m not going to get hung up on the moral aspects of that,” she said. “My job is not to spend every Saturday reading essays. Way too many English teachers work way too many hours a week because they are grading students the old-fashioned way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts also thinks AI might be a less biased grader in some instances than human teachers, who can adjust their grading for students sometimes to give them the benefit of the doubt or be punitive if they were particularly annoying in class recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She isn’t worried about students cheating with AI, a concern she characterizes as a moral panic. She points to a \u003ca href=\"https://ed.stanford.edu/news/what-do-ai-chatbots-really-mean-students-and-cheating\">Stanford University study\u003c/a> released last fall, which found that students cheated just as much before the advent of ChatGPT as they did a year after the release of the AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goyette said she understands why students question whether some AI use by teachers is like cheating. Education department AI guidelines encourage teachers and students to use the technology more. What’s essential, Goyette said, is that teachers discuss what ethical use of AI looks like in their classroom and convey that — like using a calculator in math class — using AI is accepted or encouraged for some assignments and not others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the last assignment of the year, Robers has one final experiment to run: Edit an essay written entirely by AI. However, they must change at least 50% of the text, make it 25% longer, write their own thesis, and add quotes from classroom reading material. The idea, she said, is to prepare them for a future where AI writes the first draft and humans edit the results to fit their needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It used to be you weren’t allowed to bring a calculator into the SATs, and now you’re supposed to bring your calculator, so things change,” she said. “It’s just moral panic. Things change, and people freak out, and that’s what’s happening.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Your children could be some of a growing number of California kids having their writing graded by software instead of a teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California school districts are signing more contracts for artificial intelligence tools, from automated grading in San Diego to chatbots in central California, Los Angeles, and the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>English teachers say AI tools can help them grade papers faster, get students more feedback, and improve their learning experience. However, guidelines are vague, and adoption by teachers and districts is spotty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Education can’t tell you which schools use AI or how much they pay for it. The state doesn’t track AI use by school districts, said Katherine Goyette, computer science coordinator for the California Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Goyette said chatbots are the most common form of AI she’s encountered in schools, more and more California teachers are using AI tools to help grade student work. That’s consistent with surveys that have found \u003ca href=\"https://www.waltonfamilyfoundation.org/chatgpt-used-by-teachers-more-than-students-new-survey-from-walton-family-foundation-finds\">teachers use AI as often, if not more than students\u003c/a>, news that contrasts sharply with headlines about fears of students cheating with AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers use AI to do things like personalize reading material, create lesson plans, and other tasks in order to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/teachers-are-going-all-in-on-generative-ai/\">save time and and reduce burnout\u003c/a>. A report issued last fall in response to an \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/technology/2024/03/california-ai-purchasing-guidelines/\">AI executive order by Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> mentions opportunities to use AI for tutoring, summarization, and personalized content generation but also labels education a risky use case. Generative AI tools have been known to create convincing but inaccurate answers to questions and use\u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/efforts-make-text-ai-less-racist-terrible/\"> toxic language\u003c/a> or imagery laden with racism or sexism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ca/cs/aiincalifornia.asp\">issued guidance\u003c/a> for how educators should use the technology last fall, one of seven states to do so. It encourages critical analysis of text and imagery created by AI models and conversations between teachers and students about what amounts to ethical or appropriate use of AI in the classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But no specific mention is made of how teachers should treat AI that grades assignments. Additionally, the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=33308.5&lawCode=EDC\">California education code\u003c/a> states that guidance from the state is “merely exemplary and that compliance with the guidelines is not mandatory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988689\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988689\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29.jpg\" alt=\"A closeup of a laptop screen.\" width=\"1600\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29-1020x1275.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_29-1229x1536.jpg 1229w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">English teacher Jen Roberts uses Writeable, an AI platform, to grade students’ work at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Goyette said she’s waiting to see if the California Legislature passes \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240sb1288?slug=CA_202320240SB1288\">Senate Bill 1288\u003c/a>, which would require state Superintendent Tony Thurmond to create an AI working group to issue further guidance to local school districts on how to safely use AI. Cosponsored by Thurmond, the bill also calls for an assessment of the current state of AI in education and for the identification of forms of AI that can harm students and educators by 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nobody tracks what AI tools school districts are adopting or the policy they use to enforce standards, said Alix Gallagher, head of strategic partnerships at the Policy Analysis for California Education center at Stanford University. Since the state does not track curriculum that school districts adopt or software in use, it would be highly unusual for them to track AI contracts, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Amid AI hype, Gallagher thinks people can lose sight of the fact that the technology is just a tool and it will only be as good or problematic as the decisions of the humans using that tool, which is why she repeatedly urges investments in helping teachers understand AI tools and how to be thoughtful about their use and making space for communities are given voice about how to best meet their kid’s needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people will probably make some pretty bad decisions that are not in the best interests of kids, and some other people might find ways to use maybe even the same tools to enrich student experiences,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teachers use AI to grade English papers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last summer, Jen Roberts, an English teacher at Point Loma High School in San Diego, went to a training session to learn how to use Writable, an AI tool that automates grading writing assignments and gives students feedback powered by OpenAI. For the past school year, Roberts used Writable and other AI tools in the classroom, and she said it’s been the best year yet of nearly three decades of teaching. Roberts said it has made her students better writers, not because AI did the writing for them, but because automated feedback can tell her students faster than she can how to improve, which in turn allows her to hand out more writing assignments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At this point last year, a lot of students were still struggling to write a paragraph, let alone an essay with evidence and claims and reasoning and explanation and elaboration and all of that,” Roberts said. “This year, they’re just getting there faster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts feels Writable is “very accurate” when grading her students of average aptitude. But, she said, there’s a downside: It sometimes assigns high-performing students lower grades than merited and struggling students higher grades. She said she routinely checks answers when the AI grades assignments but only checks the feedback it gives students occasionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In actual practicality, I do not look at the feedback it gives every single student,” she said. “That’s just not a great use of my time. But I do a lot of spot checking, and I see what’s going on, and if I see a student that I’m worried about get feedback, (I’m like) ‘Let me go look at what his feedback is and then go talk to him about that.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988687\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988687\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18.jpg\" alt=\"Students sit at desks with laptops in front of them in a classroom.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_18-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students read during Jen Roberts’ English class at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. Roberts uses AI platforms for classroom exercises and grading. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alex Rainey teaches English to fourth graders at Chico Country Day School in northern California. She used GPT-4, a language model made by OpenAI which costs $20 a month, to grade papers and provide feedback. After uploading her grading rubric and examples of her written feedback, she used AI to grade assignments about animal defense mechanisms, allowing GPT-4 to analyze students’ grammar and sentence structure while she focused on assessing creativity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988685\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988685\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12.jpg\" alt=\"A closeup of a laptop screen.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_12-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student uses Magic School, an AI platform, to help generate ideas for a classroom writing prompt at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I feel like the feedback it gave was very similar to how I grade my kids like my brain was tapped into it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Roberts, she found that it saves time, transforming work that took hours into less than an hour, but she also found that sometimes GPT-4 is a tougher grader than she is. She agrees that quicker feedback and the ability to dole out more writing assignments produces better writers. A teacher can assign more writing before delivering feedback, but “then kids have nothing to grow from.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rainey said her experience grading with GPT-4 left her in agreement with Roberts, that more feedback and writing more often produces better writers. She feels strongly that teachers still need to oversee grading and feedback by AI, “but I think it’s amazing. I couldn’t go backwards now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The cost of using AI in the classroom\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Contracts involving artificial intelligence can be lucrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To launch a chatbot named Ed, the Los Angeles Unified School District signed a $6.2 million contract for two years with the option of renewing for three additional years. Educators in Los Angeles use magic School AI and costs $100 per teacher per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite repeated calls and emails over the span of roughly a month, Writable and the San Diego Unified School District declined to share pricing details with CalMatters. A district spokesperson said teachers got access to Writeable through a contract with Houghton Mifflin Harcourt for English language learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>QuillBot is an AI-powered writing tool for students in grades 4-12 made by the company Quill. Quill says its tool is currently used at 1,000 schools in California and has more than 13,000 student and educator users in San Diego alone. An annual Quill Premium subscription costs $80 per teacher or $1800 per school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>QuillBot does not generate writing for students like ChatGPT or grade writing assignments but gives students feedback on their writing. Quill is a nonprofit that’s raised $20 million from groups like Google’s charitable foundation and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation over the past 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988683\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988683\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman wearing glasses and a black seater with a a dark red shirt points at a board while students at desks with laptops look.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_09-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">English teacher Jen Roberts explains to her students how she uses Magic School, an AI platform, at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. Roberts uses AI platforms for classroom exercises and grading. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even if a teacher or district wants to shell out for an AI tool, guidance for safe and responsible use is still getting worked out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governments are placing high-risk labels on forms of AI with the power to make critical decisions about \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/technology/2024/05/ca-eu-ai-regulation/\">whether a person gets a job or rents an apartment or receives government benefits\u003c/a>. California Federation of Teachers President Jeff Freitas said he hasn’t considered whether AI for grading is moderate or high risk, but “it definitely is a risk to use for grading.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Federation of Teachers is a union with 120,000 members. Freitas told CalMatters he’s concerned about AI having a number of consequences in the classroom. He’s worried administrators may use it to justify increasing classroom sizes or adding to teacher workloads; he’s worried about climate change and the amount of energy needed to train and deploy AI models’ he’s worried about protecting students’ privacy, and he’s worried about automation bias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators around the world are wrestling with AI praise approaches where it is used to \u003cem>augment \u003c/em>human decision-making instead of replacing it. But it’s difficult for laws to account for automation bias and humans becoming placing too much trust in machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Federation of Teachers created an AI working group in October 2023 to propose guidance on how educators should use the technology or talk about it in collective bargaining contract negotiations. Freitas said those guidelines are due out in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to provide guidelines for educators to not solely rely on (AI), he said. “It should be used as a tool, and you should not lose your critical analysis of what it’s producing for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>State AI guidelines for teachers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Goyette, the computer science coordinator for the education department, helped create state AI guidelines and speaks to county offices of education for in-person training on AI for educators. She also helped create an online AI training series for educators. She said the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0QXvYEjGKbI\">most popular online course is about workflow and efficiency\u003c/a>, which shows teachers how to automate lesson planning and grading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teachers have an incredibly important and tough job, and what’s most important is that they’re building relationships with their students,” she said. “There’s decades of research that speaks to the power of that, so if they can save time on mundane tasks so that they can spend more time with their students, that’s a win.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988684\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988684\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman wearing glasses and a black seater with a a dark red shirt stand behind students sitting at desks in a classroom. \" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">English teacher Jen Roberts checks on her student’s work at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. Roberts uses AI platforms for classroom exercises and grading. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alex Kotran, chief executive of an education nonprofit that’s supported by Google and OpenAI, said they found that it’s hard to design a language model to predictably match how a teacher grades papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He spoke with teachers willing to accept a model that’s accurate 80% of the time in order to reap the reward of time saved, but he thinks it’s probably safe to say that a student or parent would want to make sure an AI model used for grading is even more accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotran of the AI Education Project thinks it makes sense for school districts to adopt a policy that says teachers should be wary any time they use AI tools that can have disparate effects on student’s lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with such a policy, teachers can still fall victim to trusting AI without question. And even if the state kept track of AI used by school districts, there’s still the possibility that teachers will purchase technology for use on their personal computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotran said he routinely speaks with educators across the U.S. and is not aware of any systematic studies to verify the effectiveness and consistency of AI for grading English papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-when-teachers-can-t-tell-if-they-re-cheating\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">When teachers can’t tell if they’re cheating\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Roberts, the Point Loma High School teacher, describes herself as pro technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She \u003ca href=\"http://www.litandtech.com/\">regularly writes\u003c/a> and speaks about AI. Her experiences have led her to the opinion that grading with AI is what’s best for her students, but she didn’t arrive at that conclusion easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, she questioned whether using AI for grading and feedback could hurt her understanding of her students. Today, she views using AI as the cross-country coach who rides alongside student-athletes in a golf cart, like an aid that helps her assist her students better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988688\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20.jpg\" alt=\"A hand rests on a laptop keyboard with a book beside it.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050324_School-AI-San-Diego_AH_CM_20-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A student scrolls through their laptop during class at Point Loma High School in San Diego on May 3, 2024. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Roberts says the average high school English teacher in her district has roughly 180 students. Grading and feedback can take between five to 10 minutes per assignment, she says, so between teaching, meetings, and other duties, it can take two to three weeks to get feedback back into the hands of students unless a teacher decides to give up large chunks of their weekends. With AI, it takes Roberts a day or two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, she concluded, “If my students are growing as writers, then I don’t think I’m cheating.” She says AI reduces her fatigue, giving her more time to focus on struggling students and giving them more detailed feedback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My job is to make sure you grow and that you’re a healthy, happy, literate adult by the time you graduate from high school, and I will use any tool that helps me do that, and I’m not going to get hung up on the moral aspects of that,” she said. “My job is not to spend every Saturday reading essays. Way too many English teachers work way too many hours a week because they are grading students the old-fashioned way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts also thinks AI might be a less biased grader in some instances than human teachers, who can adjust their grading for students sometimes to give them the benefit of the doubt or be punitive if they were particularly annoying in class recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She isn’t worried about students cheating with AI, a concern she characterizes as a moral panic. She points to a \u003ca href=\"https://ed.stanford.edu/news/what-do-ai-chatbots-really-mean-students-and-cheating\">Stanford University study\u003c/a> released last fall, which found that students cheated just as much before the advent of ChatGPT as they did a year after the release of the AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goyette said she understands why students question whether some AI use by teachers is like cheating. Education department AI guidelines encourage teachers and students to use the technology more. What’s essential, Goyette said, is that teachers discuss what ethical use of AI looks like in their classroom and convey that — like using a calculator in math class — using AI is accepted or encouraged for some assignments and not others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the last assignment of the year, Robers has one final experiment to run: Edit an essay written entirely by AI. However, they must change at least 50% of the text, make it 25% longer, write their own thesis, and add quotes from classroom reading material. The idea, she said, is to prepare them for a future where AI writes the first draft and humans edit the results to fit their needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It used to be you weren’t allowed to bring a calculator into the SATs, and now you’re supposed to bring your calculator, so things change,” she said. “It’s just moral panic. Things change, and people freak out, and that’s what’s happening.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Raising Kids in California? They May Have College Savings Accounts You Don't Know About",
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"content": "\u003cp>Nearly 3.7 million students and 667,000 newborns in California have money invested in a savings account to help pay for college. But most families don’t know the money is there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citlali Lopez, a second-year psychology student at Sacramento State, found out a few months ago she had $500 sitting in a California Kids Investment and Development Savings Program (CalKIDS) account. Although she’s been eligible to use the funds since she graduated high school in 2022, she had no idea until her sister, who works at a nonprofit that supports lower-income students with scholarships and financial aid, told her to check her eligibility. Lopez was skeptical at first, but found she was eligible and registered her account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just really surprised that I was able to get some extra help,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Financial aid had been top of mind for her and guided her decision to go to Sacramento State. She plans on using the money to finish general education classes over the summer if financial aid will not cover it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988479\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988479\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Citlali Lopez is a 2nd-year student at Sacramento State University and a beneficiary of the state’s CalKIDS program. May 9, 2024. \u003ccite>(Miguel Gutierrez Jr./CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So who gets money? Under CalKIDS, all babies born in California receive a sum. Babies born between July 1, 2022 and June 30, 2023 received $25 deposits, and all babies born after July 1, 2023 receive $100 deposits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the program, all first grade students with low-income receive a onetime deposit of $500. First graders who are in foster care receive an extra $500 and homeless first graders receive $500 more, totaling $1500 for some students. All the accounts are tax-free, and the money is invested whether or not families claim their accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, the state spent $1.8 billion in the 2021–22 budget to provide a onetime deposit to all lower-income students in grades 1 through 12 in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, of the 4.3 million student accounts created, only 313,445 accounts have been claimed by families, meaning they have \u003ca href=\"https://calkids.org/get-started/\">registered online\u003c/a> and seen the amount in their accounts. Only 6.3% of newborn accounts have been claimed and 7.4% of student accounts have been claimed as of March 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-the-state-is-slowly-building-awareness-about-college-savings\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The state is slowly building awareness about college savings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>CalKIDS is run by a three-person team led by Julio Martinez, the executive director of the Scholarshare Investment Board, an agency within the State Treasurer’s Office. It administers the state’s 529 college savings accounts, which allow families to invest money tax free to cover education related expenses in the future. The team is responsible for creating the accounts, notifying families about the accounts and explaining what CalKIDS can provide to families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With these programs, it takes time to kind of build brand awareness, and also to break down the skepticism that often exists when you get a letter in the mail that says you have free money,” Martinez said. CalKIDS staffers go to college fairs and financial aid nights and host \u003ca href=\"https://www.scholarshare529.com/events\">online informational sessions\u003c/a> to reach families and students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state allocated \u003ca href=\"https://abgt.assembly.ca.gov/system/files/2024-05/sub-3-may-7-agenda-final.pdf\">$22 million (PDF)\u003c/a> in the 2022 and 2023 budgets to market the program. In Los Angeles, Riverside, Fresno, and Sonoma counties, CalKIDS program info is sent to all families that request a birth certificate, according to Joe DeAnda, the director of communication at the State Treasurer’s Office. During the first three months of this year, registration in the newborn program has more than doubled, from 20,608 to 42,312 newborns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, CalKIDS began targeting high school seniors, through social media, email and direct mail, according to DeAnda. By May, the number of claims among high school seniors increased by 74%. They have partnered with school districts, such as Hawthorne School District in Los Angeles County, where 87% of seniors have claimed their accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, most of the funds for marketing CalKIDS remain unused. The 2023–24 California state budget reappropriated $8 million to CalKIDS for a statewide media campaign, and the Scholarshare Investment Board is currently soliciting proposals for marketing services, which were anticipated to start on April 1, but have not begun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If families are not aware of this program, then it’s not going to have the impact that we think it’s going to have,” Martinez said.[aside label=\"More Stories\" tag=\"financial-aid\"]The fact that many families don’t start thinking about college until high school is one cultural obstacle that college savings programs like CalKIDS run up against, says Willie Elliott, a professor of social work and founder of the Center on Assets, Education, and Inclusion at the University of Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, we can’t expect that we put one of these programs in place, and, instantly, people get it and start functioning in that way,” Elliott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elliott has helped develop state and local college savings programs in Pennsylvania, New York City and Washington, D.C. He says that enrollment is not the best measure of success of programs like CalKIDS, especially this early on in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you have in place in California is the infrastructure and now you have to do the work of making communities aware,” Elliott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He suggests that creating a culture around college savings through programs like CalKIDs will lead to positive outcomes. Those include increased account enrollment, more family conversations about going to college, and generally less stress for families who will be hopeful for their children’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversations about college are as important as the amount of money actually in the account, Elliott said. Elliott’s research has shown that lower-income students with a college savings account are three times more likely to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190740912004379?via%3Dihub\">attend college\u003c/a> and four times more likely to graduate than students without an account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988480\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988480\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"980\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-1536x960.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of the CalKIDS website. \u003ccite>(CalKIDS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amanda Cook, a mother of six who has four children eligible for CalKIDS, is the homeless student advocate at Marysville Joint Unified School District in Yuba County, where she works to support homeless students and help them graduate. She said a lot of the families she works with don’t have college at the top of their mind because they’re thinking about urgent concerns like where they will sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said if schools were able to register students, it would be helpful for the families she supports. She also said training for school staff and counselors on the program as well as outreach from California Health and Human Services would help build awareness for schools and families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-calkids-joins-local-programs-investing-in-students-education-nbsp\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">CalKIDS joins local programs investing in students’ education\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For many students, CalKIDS can be coupled with one of more than a dozen local child’s savings account programs in California. Launched in 2010 by then-mayor of San Francisco Gavin Newson, Kindergarten to College was the first program in the country to include automatic and universal enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last 14 years, the program has been able to refine its outreach efforts to meet the needs of San Franciscans, said Amanda Fried, the chief of policy and communications at the San Francisco Office of the Treasurer & Tax Collector. Students are eligible no matter their documentation status and can easily make cash deposits into their accounts.[aside label=\"Higher Education Stories\" tag=\"california-colleges\"]“People have so many things on their plate, and so many competing priorities, and I think a huge mistrust of the financial system, which is totally warranted,” Fried said. “So this program just kind of eliminates so many barriers for families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program’s five-person team hosts weekly \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/k2c/help-center\">online office hours\u003c/a> in English and Spanish, texts resources and reminders to parents and trains teachers and counselors as school ambassadors to explain the program and answer questions. Students take field trips to Citibank to make deposits into their accounts, so they can physically contribute to their futures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really have an intentional focus on schools where typically students are much less likely to go to college. That’s where we focus our in-person resources,” Fried said. “We’re on the ground at those schools, talking to families constantly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://oaklandpromise.org/\">Oakland Promise\u003c/a> has a child’s savings program that starts in kindergarten, also called Kindergarten to College, alongside a program for newborns for Medi-Cal eligible families called Brilliant Baby. Veena Pawloski, the chief program officer at Oakland Promise, said they use community-based organizations to act as enrolling partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-can-college-savings-accounts-help-combat-poverty-nbsp-nbsp\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can college savings accounts help combat poverty?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The aim of college savings programs like CalKIDS is not for money deposited by the state to grow enough to pay for college entirely. Rather, the program intends to ease some of the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2024/05/when-is-a-california-college-degree-worth-the-cost-a-new-study-has-answers/\">burden of college costs\u003c/a> and help students create a college-bound identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, UCLA \u003ca href=\"https://seis.ucla.edu/faculty-and-research/CalKids-Institute\">opened\u003c/a> the CalKIDS Institute in partnership with the state to boost outreach as well as research the program’s reach and which demographics they should be targeting based on enrollment. The institute’s director, Nayiri Nahabedian, said that, ultimately, the point of all these programs is to make college seem like an attainable goal for students and show them that the state, their community and their family believe that they can pursue higher education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CalKIDS made me realize more how much people are willing to help students,” said Lopez, the Sacramento State student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a lot of students [the money] can make the difference between deciding to go and not deciding to go. It can be the difference between having a laptop and not having a laptop, having WiFi at home and not having WiFi at home,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to registering, students can connect their CalKIDS account to a ScholarShare 529 account where families can contribute their own money, which is invested. Six percent of claimed student accounts and 35% of claimed newborn accounts have been connected to a ScholarShare 529 account. According to Martinez, families have, on average, $2,890 in their Scholarshare 529 account connected via their CalKIDS account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn Garcia Romero, a senior at Calistoga Junior-Senior High School, did not know before talking to CalMatters that she could add her own money into a Scholarshare 529 that has accrued $32 in addition to the original $500 deposit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like every cent counts and makes a difference,” said Garcia Romero, who plans on using her CalKIDS money and future savings to go to law school. “So, having an extra $500 would be so helpful and will definitely encourage me to attend college even more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The state is directly investing money for lower-income students and all newborns to attend college. After 2 years, the program is still not widely known by the students who need the most financial assistance.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Nearly 3.7 million students and 667,000 newborns in California have money invested in a savings account to help pay for college. But most families don’t know the money is there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citlali Lopez, a second-year psychology student at Sacramento State, found out a few months ago she had $500 sitting in a California Kids Investment and Development Savings Program (CalKIDS) account. Although she’s been eligible to use the funds since she graduated high school in 2022, she had no idea until her sister, who works at a nonprofit that supports lower-income students with scholarships and financial aid, told her to check her eligibility. Lopez was skeptical at first, but found she was eligible and registered her account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just really surprised that I was able to get some extra help,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Financial aid had been top of mind for her and guided her decision to go to Sacramento State. She plans on using the money to finish general education classes over the summer if financial aid will not cover it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988479\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988479\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/050924-Citlali-Lopez-CalKIDS-MG-CM-03-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Citlali Lopez is a 2nd-year student at Sacramento State University and a beneficiary of the state’s CalKIDS program. May 9, 2024. \u003ccite>(Miguel Gutierrez Jr./CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So who gets money? Under CalKIDS, all babies born in California receive a sum. Babies born between July 1, 2022 and June 30, 2023 received $25 deposits, and all babies born after July 1, 2023 receive $100 deposits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the program, all first grade students with low-income receive a onetime deposit of $500. First graders who are in foster care receive an extra $500 and homeless first graders receive $500 more, totaling $1500 for some students. All the accounts are tax-free, and the money is invested whether or not families claim their accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, the state spent $1.8 billion in the 2021–22 budget to provide a onetime deposit to all lower-income students in grades 1 through 12 in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, of the 4.3 million student accounts created, only 313,445 accounts have been claimed by families, meaning they have \u003ca href=\"https://calkids.org/get-started/\">registered online\u003c/a> and seen the amount in their accounts. Only 6.3% of newborn accounts have been claimed and 7.4% of student accounts have been claimed as of March 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-the-state-is-slowly-building-awareness-about-college-savings\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The state is slowly building awareness about college savings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>CalKIDS is run by a three-person team led by Julio Martinez, the executive director of the Scholarshare Investment Board, an agency within the State Treasurer’s Office. It administers the state’s 529 college savings accounts, which allow families to invest money tax free to cover education related expenses in the future. The team is responsible for creating the accounts, notifying families about the accounts and explaining what CalKIDS can provide to families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With these programs, it takes time to kind of build brand awareness, and also to break down the skepticism that often exists when you get a letter in the mail that says you have free money,” Martinez said. CalKIDS staffers go to college fairs and financial aid nights and host \u003ca href=\"https://www.scholarshare529.com/events\">online informational sessions\u003c/a> to reach families and students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state allocated \u003ca href=\"https://abgt.assembly.ca.gov/system/files/2024-05/sub-3-may-7-agenda-final.pdf\">$22 million (PDF)\u003c/a> in the 2022 and 2023 budgets to market the program. In Los Angeles, Riverside, Fresno, and Sonoma counties, CalKIDS program info is sent to all families that request a birth certificate, according to Joe DeAnda, the director of communication at the State Treasurer’s Office. During the first three months of this year, registration in the newborn program has more than doubled, from 20,608 to 42,312 newborns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, CalKIDS began targeting high school seniors, through social media, email and direct mail, according to DeAnda. By May, the number of claims among high school seniors increased by 74%. They have partnered with school districts, such as Hawthorne School District in Los Angeles County, where 87% of seniors have claimed their accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, most of the funds for marketing CalKIDS remain unused. The 2023–24 California state budget reappropriated $8 million to CalKIDS for a statewide media campaign, and the Scholarshare Investment Board is currently soliciting proposals for marketing services, which were anticipated to start on April 1, but have not begun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If families are not aware of this program, then it’s not going to have the impact that we think it’s going to have,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The fact that many families don’t start thinking about college until high school is one cultural obstacle that college savings programs like CalKIDS run up against, says Willie Elliott, a professor of social work and founder of the Center on Assets, Education, and Inclusion at the University of Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, we can’t expect that we put one of these programs in place, and, instantly, people get it and start functioning in that way,” Elliott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elliott has helped develop state and local college savings programs in Pennsylvania, New York City and Washington, D.C. He says that enrollment is not the best measure of success of programs like CalKIDS, especially this early on in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you have in place in California is the infrastructure and now you have to do the work of making communities aware,” Elliott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He suggests that creating a culture around college savings through programs like CalKIDs will lead to positive outcomes. Those include increased account enrollment, more family conversations about going to college, and generally less stress for families who will be hopeful for their children’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversations about college are as important as the amount of money actually in the account, Elliott said. Elliott’s research has shown that lower-income students with a college savings account are three times more likely to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190740912004379?via%3Dihub\">attend college\u003c/a> and four times more likely to graduate than students without an account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988480\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988480\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"980\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/051724-CalKIDS-Website-CM-01-ezgif.com-webp-to-jpg-converter-1536x960.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of the CalKIDS website. \u003ccite>(CalKIDS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Amanda Cook, a mother of six who has four children eligible for CalKIDS, is the homeless student advocate at Marysville Joint Unified School District in Yuba County, where she works to support homeless students and help them graduate. She said a lot of the families she works with don’t have college at the top of their mind because they’re thinking about urgent concerns like where they will sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said if schools were able to register students, it would be helpful for the families she supports. She also said training for school staff and counselors on the program as well as outreach from California Health and Human Services would help build awareness for schools and families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-calkids-joins-local-programs-investing-in-students-education-nbsp\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">CalKIDS joins local programs investing in students’ education\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For many students, CalKIDS can be coupled with one of more than a dozen local child’s savings account programs in California. Launched in 2010 by then-mayor of San Francisco Gavin Newson, Kindergarten to College was the first program in the country to include automatic and universal enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last 14 years, the program has been able to refine its outreach efforts to meet the needs of San Franciscans, said Amanda Fried, the chief of policy and communications at the San Francisco Office of the Treasurer & Tax Collector. Students are eligible no matter their documentation status and can easily make cash deposits into their accounts.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“People have so many things on their plate, and so many competing priorities, and I think a huge mistrust of the financial system, which is totally warranted,” Fried said. “So this program just kind of eliminates so many barriers for families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program’s five-person team hosts weekly \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/k2c/help-center\">online office hours\u003c/a> in English and Spanish, texts resources and reminders to parents and trains teachers and counselors as school ambassadors to explain the program and answer questions. Students take field trips to Citibank to make deposits into their accounts, so they can physically contribute to their futures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really have an intentional focus on schools where typically students are much less likely to go to college. That’s where we focus our in-person resources,” Fried said. “We’re on the ground at those schools, talking to families constantly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://oaklandpromise.org/\">Oakland Promise\u003c/a> has a child’s savings program that starts in kindergarten, also called Kindergarten to College, alongside a program for newborns for Medi-Cal eligible families called Brilliant Baby. Veena Pawloski, the chief program officer at Oakland Promise, said they use community-based organizations to act as enrolling partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-can-college-savings-accounts-help-combat-poverty-nbsp-nbsp\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can college savings accounts help combat poverty?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The aim of college savings programs like CalKIDS is not for money deposited by the state to grow enough to pay for college entirely. Rather, the program intends to ease some of the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2024/05/when-is-a-california-college-degree-worth-the-cost-a-new-study-has-answers/\">burden of college costs\u003c/a> and help students create a college-bound identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, UCLA \u003ca href=\"https://seis.ucla.edu/faculty-and-research/CalKids-Institute\">opened\u003c/a> the CalKIDS Institute in partnership with the state to boost outreach as well as research the program’s reach and which demographics they should be targeting based on enrollment. The institute’s director, Nayiri Nahabedian, said that, ultimately, the point of all these programs is to make college seem like an attainable goal for students and show them that the state, their community and their family believe that they can pursue higher education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CalKIDS made me realize more how much people are willing to help students,” said Lopez, the Sacramento State student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a lot of students [the money] can make the difference between deciding to go and not deciding to go. It can be the difference between having a laptop and not having a laptop, having WiFi at home and not having WiFi at home,” Martinez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to registering, students can connect their CalKIDS account to a ScholarShare 529 account where families can contribute their own money, which is invested. Six percent of claimed student accounts and 35% of claimed newborn accounts have been connected to a ScholarShare 529 account. According to Martinez, families have, on average, $2,890 in their Scholarshare 529 account connected via their CalKIDS account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn Garcia Romero, a senior at Calistoga Junior-Senior High School, did not know before talking to CalMatters that she could add her own money into a Scholarshare 529 that has accrued $32 in addition to the original $500 deposit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like every cent counts and makes a difference,” said Garcia Romero, who plans on using her CalKIDS money and future savings to go to law school. “So, having an extra $500 would be so helpful and will definitely encourage me to attend college even more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California Assembly Divided as Controversial Shoplifting Bill Secures Narrow Victory",
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"content": "\u003cp>Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/ash-kalra-100938\">Ash Kalra\u003c/a> did something exceptional last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was the only legislator to vote “no” on a controversial piece of legislation, while nearly half of the 80 members in the state Assembly — and a majority of the Democrats — did not vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, which would make it easier to arrest shoplifters, is a recent example of a pattern CalMatters \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/digital-democracy/2024/04/california-democrats-no-votes/\">revealed in April\u003c/a> with legislators dodging votes to avoid offending the bill’s supporters or eliminating a record of their opposition on controversial topics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240ab1990\">Assembly Bill 1990\u003c/a> passed the Assembly 44–1 last week with 35 lawmakers not casting a vote, including 32 of the 62 Democrats and the Assembly speaker, Robert Rivas. Some of those not voting had excused absences, but the Legislature’s online record does not distinguish between an absence, an abstention or not voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would allow police to arrest for shoplifting without a warrant, even if they did not witness the crime. Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/wendy-carrillo-144588\">Assemblymember Wendy Carillo\u003c/a>, who authored the bill with five Democratic and two Republican coauthors, said it is “in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/hearings/257760?t=1500&f=4c57845c6abf19d3cc28364cfc28ecb2\">alarming escalation of organized retail theft\u003c/a>,” which has become a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/gavin-newsom-climate-health-homelessness/\">hot-button political issue\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But progressive Democrats, leery of increasing incarceration rates for minor offenses, were uncomfortable with the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s be clear: AB 1990 will not stop retail theft,” Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/tina-mckinnor-35053\">Tina McKinnor\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Inglewood, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/hearings/258003?t=432&f=b5127361b557aa9ab030737c51631ae7\">told her colleagues\u003c/a>. “AB 1990 will increase the unnecessary harassment, detention, arrest and mass incarceration of Black and brown Californians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/hearings/258003?t=549&f=b5127361b557aa9ab030737c51631ae7\">She concluded her speech\u003c/a>: “I am asking all of you to please vote ‘no’ on AB 1990.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKinnor, however, did not vote on the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her office did not respond to CalMatters’ request for an explanation about why she did not vote despite her clear opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalra, of San Jose, also did not respond to a request from CalMatters to explain why he cast the lone “no” vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kalra has been a longtime champion of progressive causes. He’s a former deputy public defender and the former chair of the Legislature’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.assembly.ca.gov/offices-caucuses/legislative-progressive-caucus\">Progressive Caucus\u003c/a>. He has advocated for legislation that seeks to end \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB2542\">systematic racism in the justice system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a time, it seemed Kalra would not be the lone Democrat to vote “no” on AB 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fellow Democratic Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/rick-chavez-zbur-165429\">Rick Chavez Zbur\u003c/a> of Los Angeles was also listed as voting “no,” according \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/hearings/258003?t=845&f=b5127361b557aa9ab030737c51631ae7\">to a video of the voting roll call\u003c/a> captured by CalMatters’ \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/\">Digital Democracy database\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zbur, who chairs the \u003ca href=\"https://a51.asmdc.org/press-releases/20240524-zbur-bill-eliminate-barriers-home-supportive-services-ihss-advances-senate\">Assembly Democratic Caucus\u003c/a>, changed his vote after the bill passed so that he would be formally listed as not voting. In the Assembly, members can change their vote on a bill after a hearing has concluded, as long as it doesn’t change the final outcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked to explain why he changed his vote, his spokesperson, Vienna Montague, said in an email that Zbur “does not have a comment at this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While AB 1990 survived to advance to the Senate, despite so many lawmakers not voting, other bills haven’t fared as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11987415,news_11982393,news_11980483\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Last year, at least 15 bills died due to lack of votes instead of lawmakers voting “no” on them. So far this year, the \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/\">Digital Democracy\u003c/a> database indicates at least 17 bills have died because lawmakers declined to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Senate and Assembly leaders have repeatedly refused to answer CalMatters’ questions about whether the Legislature’s voting rules should change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Politicians may think not voting helps their political career in the long run since they believe it’ll be more difficult for someone to use a controversial “no” vote against them in a campaign ad, said \u003ca href=\"https://polisci.ucsd.edu/people/faculty/faculty-directory/currently-active-faculty/kousser-profile.html\">Thad Kousser\u003c/a>, a former California legislative staffer who’s now a political science professor at UC San Diego. But he said that’s shortsighted. He said any savvy political operative can just as easily say they “failed to support this bill” in an ad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kousser said if lawmakers really do have strong feelings against a bill, they’re better off voting “no.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Politicians’ political interests are probably best served by taking a stand that best fits their values and explaining that to voters,” Kousser said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not voting, he said, is “just another way of saying, ‘I didn’t represent you on this bill.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/ash-kalra-100938\">Ash Kalra\u003c/a> did something exceptional last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was the only legislator to vote “no” on a controversial piece of legislation, while nearly half of the 80 members in the state Assembly — and a majority of the Democrats — did not vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, which would make it easier to arrest shoplifters, is a recent example of a pattern CalMatters \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/digital-democracy/2024/04/california-democrats-no-votes/\">revealed in April\u003c/a> with legislators dodging votes to avoid offending the bill’s supporters or eliminating a record of their opposition on controversial topics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240ab1990\">Assembly Bill 1990\u003c/a> passed the Assembly 44–1 last week with 35 lawmakers not casting a vote, including 32 of the 62 Democrats and the Assembly speaker, Robert Rivas. Some of those not voting had excused absences, but the Legislature’s online record does not distinguish between an absence, an abstention or not voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would allow police to arrest for shoplifting without a warrant, even if they did not witness the crime. Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/wendy-carrillo-144588\">Assemblymember Wendy Carillo\u003c/a>, who authored the bill with five Democratic and two Republican coauthors, said it is “in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/hearings/257760?t=1500&f=4c57845c6abf19d3cc28364cfc28ecb2\">alarming escalation of organized retail theft\u003c/a>,” which has become a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/gavin-newsom-climate-health-homelessness/\">hot-button political issue\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But progressive Democrats, leery of increasing incarceration rates for minor offenses, were uncomfortable with the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s be clear: AB 1990 will not stop retail theft,” Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/tina-mckinnor-35053\">Tina McKinnor\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Inglewood, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/hearings/258003?t=432&f=b5127361b557aa9ab030737c51631ae7\">told her colleagues\u003c/a>. “AB 1990 will increase the unnecessary harassment, detention, arrest and mass incarceration of Black and brown Californians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/hearings/258003?t=549&f=b5127361b557aa9ab030737c51631ae7\">She concluded her speech\u003c/a>: “I am asking all of you to please vote ‘no’ on AB 1990.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKinnor, however, did not vote on the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her office did not respond to CalMatters’ request for an explanation about why she did not vote despite her clear opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalra, of San Jose, also did not respond to a request from CalMatters to explain why he cast the lone “no” vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kalra has been a longtime champion of progressive causes. He’s a former deputy public defender and the former chair of the Legislature’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.assembly.ca.gov/offices-caucuses/legislative-progressive-caucus\">Progressive Caucus\u003c/a>. He has advocated for legislation that seeks to end \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB2542\">systematic racism in the justice system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a time, it seemed Kalra would not be the lone Democrat to vote “no” on AB 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fellow Democratic Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/rick-chavez-zbur-165429\">Rick Chavez Zbur\u003c/a> of Los Angeles was also listed as voting “no,” according \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/hearings/258003?t=845&f=b5127361b557aa9ab030737c51631ae7\">to a video of the voting roll call\u003c/a> captured by CalMatters’ \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/\">Digital Democracy database\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zbur, who chairs the \u003ca href=\"https://a51.asmdc.org/press-releases/20240524-zbur-bill-eliminate-barriers-home-supportive-services-ihss-advances-senate\">Assembly Democratic Caucus\u003c/a>, changed his vote after the bill passed so that he would be formally listed as not voting. In the Assembly, members can change their vote on a bill after a hearing has concluded, as long as it doesn’t change the final outcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked to explain why he changed his vote, his spokesperson, Vienna Montague, said in an email that Zbur “does not have a comment at this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While AB 1990 survived to advance to the Senate, despite so many lawmakers not voting, other bills haven’t fared as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Last year, at least 15 bills died due to lack of votes instead of lawmakers voting “no” on them. So far this year, the \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/\">Digital Democracy\u003c/a> database indicates at least 17 bills have died because lawmakers declined to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Senate and Assembly leaders have repeatedly refused to answer CalMatters’ questions about whether the Legislature’s voting rules should change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Politicians may think not voting helps their political career in the long run since they believe it’ll be more difficult for someone to use a controversial “no” vote against them in a campaign ad, said \u003ca href=\"https://polisci.ucsd.edu/people/faculty/faculty-directory/currently-active-faculty/kousser-profile.html\">Thad Kousser\u003c/a>, a former California legislative staffer who’s now a political science professor at UC San Diego. But he said that’s shortsighted. He said any savvy political operative can just as easily say they “failed to support this bill” in an ad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kousser said if lawmakers really do have strong feelings against a bill, they’re better off voting “no.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Politicians’ political interests are probably best served by taking a stand that best fits their values and explaining that to voters,” Kousser said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not voting, he said, is “just another way of saying, ‘I didn’t represent you on this bill.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"soldout": {
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