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"slug": "the-black-panther-party-and-the-rev-cheryl-dawson",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he sun shined down on West Oakland last Wednesday as I was greeted with a warm, welcoming, COVID-cautious elbow bump from Ericka Huggins.\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-13833985\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_-160x184.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"184\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_-160x184.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huggins, the former director of the Black Panther Party’s Oakland Community School, stood masked among a scattered crowd of people on the 1.3-mile stretch of greenway that bisects Mandela Parkway in West Oakland. It’s here that the Cypress Structure collapsed in the ’89 quake—and also where two months prior in that same year, Black Panther Party cofounder Dr. Huey P. Newton was shot and killed just a few blocks away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet—as I overheard one person say during Wednesday’s gathering—“this isn’t where he died, this is where he \u003cem>lived\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Wednesday, Feb. 17, would’ve been Dr. Newton’s 79th birthday. To help celebrate were newly minted street signs on a three-block section of 9th Street, now officially rechristened Dr. Huey P. Newton Way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Fredrika Newton, Dr. Newton’s widow and president of the \u003ca href=\"https://hueypnewtonfoundation.org/\">Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation\u003c/a>, ceremoniously removed the cloth that covered the new street sign on 9th Street and Mandela Parkway, the crowd made its way to the intersection of 9th and Center Streets. That’s where a freshly painted mural dedicated to the women of the Black Panther Party now radiates from the broad side of a two-story Victorian home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893058\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893058\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A two-story home on Center street and 9th street in West Oakland is now home to a mural dedicated to the women of the Black Panther Party. Artwork by Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A two-story home on Center street and 9th Street in West Oakland is now home to a mural dedicated to the women of the Black Panther Party. Artwork by Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lead artist \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/wolfe_.pack/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith\u003c/a> worked with other artists and community members on \u003ca href=\"https://linktr.ee/westoaklandmuralproject\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the #SayHerName: Women of the Black Panther Party Mural Project\u003c/a>, an initiative spearheaded by homeowner \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/missjilie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">JiLchristina Vest\u003c/a> that honors the names of the largely overlooked women of the Black Panther Party. Towering images of women supplying groceries and carrying guns, drawn from photos taken by \u003ca href=\"https://stephenshames.com/projects/black-panther-party/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stephen Shames\u003c/a>, are accompanied by the written names of over 250 women—all former Panthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There aren’t that many public displays honoring the Black Panthers in Oakland. The new mural and street signs join a meager collection: a \u003ca href=\"https://localwiki.org/oakland/Black_Panther_Party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">small sign\u003c/a> on the corner of 55th and Market Streets, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13851520/rightnowish-refa-one-spraypaint-in-hand-honors-west-oaklands-history\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mural\u003c/a> on 14th and Peralta Streets, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.merritt.edu/student-life/hue-p-newton-lounge/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Huey P. Newton Lounge\u003c/a> at Merritt College and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/06/600055767/bobby-hutton-the-killing-that-catapulted-the-black-panthers-to-fame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lil Bobby Hutton Grove\u003c/a> in DeFremery Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But countless Panther flags, shirts, and tattoos on the skin of the people in this community all stand as evidence of a widely-known fact: this is Panther territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893145\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893145\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"Two men hold a 'Free Huey' banner at the newly christened Huey P. Newton Way in West Oakland, Feb. 17, 2021. \" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-800x524.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-768x503.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-1536x1006.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two men hold a ‘Free Huey’ banner at the newly christened Huey P. Newton Way in West Oakland, Feb. 17, 2021. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">E\u003c/span>ven beyond Oakland’s city limits, the Black Panther Party is once again in the larger public consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shaka King’s recently released film \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13892640/director-shaka-kings-long-journey-to-judas-and-the-black-messiah\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003ci>Judas and the Black Messiah\u003c/i>\u003c/a> has reinvigorated people’s interest in the life, politics, and assassination of the Illinois Black Panther Party chapter’s chairman, Fred Hampton. (The film is told from the perspective of William O’Neal, the informant who assisted the FBI in bringing Hampton down.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But well before \u003cem>Judas and the Black Messiah\u003c/em>, and the murals and new signage in Oakland, the legacy of the Party and the individuals involved has long been a personal interest of mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I once held back childlike excitement when Ericka Huggins and archivist Lisbet Tellefsen allowed me to look through the \u003ca href=\"https://archive.curbed.com/2016/6/29/12010106/black-panther-school-mova-oakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">old photos of the Black Panther’s Oakland Community School\u003c/a>. And I defeated pterodactyl-sized stomach butterflies of nervousness before asking Fredrika Newton \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13874735/fredrika-newton-huey-p-revolutionary-love\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">intimate questions about her relationship with Dr. Newton\u003c/a>.[aside postID='arts_13874735']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve talked to educational counselor and former Panther\u003ca href=\"https://ogtoldme.tumblr.com/post/68941837393/sometimes-we-devalue-ourselves-we-dont-really\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Massai Minters\u003c/a> at UCLA’s Campbell Hall where Bunchy Carter and John Huggins were assassinated, attended an event at Merritt College where famed Black Panther Party illustrator \u003ca href=\"https://ogtoldme.tumblr.com/post/77494359367/culture-is-a-weapon-emory-douglas-emory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Emory Douglas\u003c/a> spoke about his book \u003cem>Black Panther: The Revolutionary Art of Emory Douglas\u003c/em>, and even sat in a small apartment with a sick \u003ca href=\"https://ogtoldme.tumblr.com/post/49263235572/when-asked-what-guidance-he-would-give-to-a-young\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ronald “Elder” Freeman\u003c/a>, discussing how to address the ills of society while simultaneously looking for his medicine. Elder has since passed, but his words linger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through these interactions, as well as reading books and watching documentaries, I’ve gained a certain understanding about the Panthers: terrorized by the government, stigmatized by the media, and loved by the people (well, \u003cem>some\u003c/em> of the people). The Panthers fought to save their community from the failures of a capitalist system, while simultaneously dealing with their own personal issues—issues that were largely the byproducts of a capitalist system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the legacy of the Black Panther Party as a whole, I often think about the stories of the individual people involved. People whose stories haven’t been fully told. People like the Rev. Cheryl Dawson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893142\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Rev. Cheryl Dawson.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rev. Cheryl Dawson. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Cheryl Dawson.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">“I\u003c/span> took the political structure that I learned in the Party, and combined it with the information that I had about womanist theory and I took that work to the Congo—the Democratic Republic of the Congo—did I tell you about that?” Dawson asks me over the phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I tell her that during our two previous conversations she hadn’t mentioned that, so I’m glad she called back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tells me that about a decade ago she led empowerment workshops with women in Uganda and Haiti as well, using principles she developed when she was selling copies of the Black Panther Party newspaper on the corner of Alcatraz Avenue and Adeline Street in Berkeley back in the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an earlier conversation, she mentions another chapter in her life that was also heavily influenced by her time with the Party.[aside postID='arts_13884294']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in the early ’80s Dawson worked in and out of prisons, developing programs for women who are incarcerated. She spent the final decade of her career working as the Rehabilitation Services Coordinator in the San Francisco County Sheriff Office’s Women’s Resource Center. That’s where she implemented a curriculum to empower women through lectures, through the use of popular media to inspire critical thinking, and by asking class attendees to reflect on “\u003ca href=\"http://ww.sfsheriff.com/newsletter_june2017.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">their own cultural experiences and injustices\u003c/a>”. Upon leaving her position last year, the San Francisco Sheriff’s Department honored her commitment to the work by naming Dec. 20 “Rev. Cheryl Dawson Day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I couldn’t help but wonder: \u003ci>How do you pivot from working for a revolutionary liberation organization to working for the very institution that incarcerates people?\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was working in the same sacred spaces,” explains Dawson. “The same tight corners, the same buried holes in the ground that I had tested, and walked in, and helped raise people up from when I was working in the Party … The pain that women wore in the prison is the same pain that I saw in the community from which they had come.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simply put, Dawson saw the position as an opportunity to get deeper into the system and make a change from within.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893149\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13893149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.1970s.jpg\" alt=\"Cheryl Dawson in the 1970s. \" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.1970s.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.1970s-160x213.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cheryl Dawson in the 1980s. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Rev. Cheryl Dawson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a consultant at the federal prison in Dublin, she recalls sitting outside of solitary confinement, kneeling down on the cement floor, and talking through the slit in the steel door where the food was passed through. “I was trying to get a glimpse of the woman I was talking to,” says Dawson. “To just hold her gaze for a moment and try to give her hope for tomorrow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She did this work while continuing to face “that same deep intimate pain” that she experienced as a young girl; the pain that pushed her to join the Party in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a child, Dawson lived in \u003ca href=\"https://universityvillage.berkeley.edu/about/village-history\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Codornices Village\u003c/a>, a housing project on land leased from UC Berkeley to house wartime workers and their families in the 40s, many of them African American. It’s no coincidence that in the 1960s, when the housing projects were closed and the property was returned to UC Berkeley, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/cities/Albany50.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the “Negro” population\u003c/a> of Albany went from 1,778 people in 1950 down to just 75 people in 1960.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, Dawson spent some time in Oakland, but Berkeley was her home. She lived one block to the white side of the city’s racial housing dividing line, formerly known as Grove street (now Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Berkeley’s Longfellow Elementary School, despite being in the Black neighborhood of South Berkeley, she saw racism firsthand. In class, Dawson says, she and the other Black kids were routinely overlooked when they raised their hands and over-punished when they got in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13893150\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.Wicker.jpg\" alt=\"Cheryl Dawson in the 1970s.\" width=\"600\" height=\"832\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.Wicker.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.Wicker-160x222.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cheryl Dawson in the 1970s. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Rev. Cheryl Dawson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She says a brother as dark as she was once got in trouble, and a white teacher grabbed him by the scruff of his neck and put him under one of those old-fashioned wooden desks. The teacher then sat down and scooted her chair in. “She pinned him in like he was a dog or cat or something,” says Dawson. “The only thing he could do is look out from under the desk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memory of the disobedient boy and the heavy-handed punishment stuck with her. Shortly afterward she learned about social workers, and how they helped people; especially people who looked like her. “At a very young age,” says Dawson, “I had a desire to do that, it was stamped in my heart. Unbeknownst to me, it would continue to manifest for the remainder of my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to attend Willard Junior High, which was much whiter, and well above the racial dividing line. After attending Berkeley High for the majority of her high school years, she graduated from Oakland Tech and went on to Cal State East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she was in college, Dawson was invited to an event at Oakland City College where Black Panther Party for Self-Defense co-founder Bobby Seale was speaking. And the rest was history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893143\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893143\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Cheryl Dawson, seen here with her family.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-768x510.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-1536x1021.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cheryl Dawson, seen here with her children. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Cheryl Dawson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">R\u003c/span>ev. Dawson has no issue discussing details of her time in the Party, like bundling up her infant daughter at the early hour of “can’t see in the morning” so they could get to the Panther headquarters, serve the people and take political classes, only to return home at “can’t see at night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what stands out from our conversation is Dawson periodically pausing to ask her grandchildren to “be careful while you’re doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community service starts at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson tells me she’s inspired by her great uncle, who left the south on a flatbed truck after being chased by the Klan. Once he settled in California, he sent for his sister, Dawson’s grandmother. Not too long after arriving in the Bay Area, Dawson’s grandmother and grandfather were wed through a marriage broker in West Oakland.[aside postID='arts_13825847']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking highly of her four children, Dawson proudly mentions that two of her sons chose to change their names upon adulthood in an effort to shed their slave names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson holds a master’s degree in womanist theology from the American Baptist Seminary at UC Berkeley’s Graduate Theological Union, as well as an M.A. in women’s spirituality from San Francisco’s California Institute of Integral Studies. She was ordained as a reverend about five years ago, at the same place she served: the historic Beth Eden Baptist Church in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tells me she just recently returned to the church, as nowadays spends most of her time with the grandchildren I heard in the background on our calls. And of course, she plans to take them to see the new mural featuring images of her comrades in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mural brings us from the margins to the center,” says Dawson of the artwork’s significance. “To turn the light on and say: I see you. And to further extend my view of connectivity and say, ‘I see you, because you are me.’ Just that alone is life-saving. And that’s what we were about in the Party: \u003cem>saving the lives of our people.\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12127869\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-800x78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Rev. Cheryl Dawson recently spoke about her experiences with the Black Panther Party on the KQED podcast The Bay. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858928/west-oakland-mural-honors-women-of-black-panther-party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hear it here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>As part of ‘The Black Panther Party Celebration of Activism,’ Pendarvis Harshaw interviews Ryan Coogler, Marshawn Lynch, Marcus Roberts, Charles D. King and Josh Johnson, to be broadcast on Facebook Live and YouTube on Wednesday, Feb. 24, at noon PST. \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandrootssc.com/news_article/show/1146959\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Details here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he sun shined down on West Oakland last Wednesday as I was greeted with a warm, welcoming, COVID-cautious elbow bump from Ericka Huggins.\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-13833985\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_-160x184.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"184\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_-160x184.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huggins, the former director of the Black Panther Party’s Oakland Community School, stood masked among a scattered crowd of people on the 1.3-mile stretch of greenway that bisects Mandela Parkway in West Oakland. It’s here that the Cypress Structure collapsed in the ’89 quake—and also where two months prior in that same year, Black Panther Party cofounder Dr. Huey P. Newton was shot and killed just a few blocks away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet—as I overheard one person say during Wednesday’s gathering—“this isn’t where he died, this is where he \u003cem>lived\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Wednesday, Feb. 17, would’ve been Dr. Newton’s 79th birthday. To help celebrate were newly minted street signs on a three-block section of 9th Street, now officially rechristened Dr. Huey P. Newton Way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Fredrika Newton, Dr. Newton’s widow and president of the \u003ca href=\"https://hueypnewtonfoundation.org/\">Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation\u003c/a>, ceremoniously removed the cloth that covered the new street sign on 9th Street and Mandela Parkway, the crowd made its way to the intersection of 9th and Center Streets. That’s where a freshly painted mural dedicated to the women of the Black Panther Party now radiates from the broad side of a two-story Victorian home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893058\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893058\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A two-story home on Center street and 9th street in West Oakland is now home to a mural dedicated to the women of the Black Panther Party. Artwork by Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_3053.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A two-story home on Center street and 9th Street in West Oakland is now home to a mural dedicated to the women of the Black Panther Party. Artwork by Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lead artist \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/wolfe_.pack/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith\u003c/a> worked with other artists and community members on \u003ca href=\"https://linktr.ee/westoaklandmuralproject\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the #SayHerName: Women of the Black Panther Party Mural Project\u003c/a>, an initiative spearheaded by homeowner \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/missjilie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">JiLchristina Vest\u003c/a> that honors the names of the largely overlooked women of the Black Panther Party. Towering images of women supplying groceries and carrying guns, drawn from photos taken by \u003ca href=\"https://stephenshames.com/projects/black-panther-party/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stephen Shames\u003c/a>, are accompanied by the written names of over 250 women—all former Panthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There aren’t that many public displays honoring the Black Panthers in Oakland. The new mural and street signs join a meager collection: a \u003ca href=\"https://localwiki.org/oakland/Black_Panther_Party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">small sign\u003c/a> on the corner of 55th and Market Streets, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13851520/rightnowish-refa-one-spraypaint-in-hand-honors-west-oaklands-history\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mural\u003c/a> on 14th and Peralta Streets, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.merritt.edu/student-life/hue-p-newton-lounge/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Huey P. Newton Lounge\u003c/a> at Merritt College and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/06/600055767/bobby-hutton-the-killing-that-catapulted-the-black-panthers-to-fame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lil Bobby Hutton Grove\u003c/a> in DeFremery Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But countless Panther flags, shirts, and tattoos on the skin of the people in this community all stand as evidence of a widely-known fact: this is Panther territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893145\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893145\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"Two men hold a 'Free Huey' banner at the newly christened Huey P. Newton Way in West Oakland, Feb. 17, 2021. \" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-800x524.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-768x503.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers-1536x1006.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/FreeHuey.Black_.Panthers.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two men hold a ‘Free Huey’ banner at the newly christened Huey P. Newton Way in West Oakland, Feb. 17, 2021. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">E\u003c/span>ven beyond Oakland’s city limits, the Black Panther Party is once again in the larger public consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shaka King’s recently released film \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13892640/director-shaka-kings-long-journey-to-judas-and-the-black-messiah\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003ci>Judas and the Black Messiah\u003c/i>\u003c/a> has reinvigorated people’s interest in the life, politics, and assassination of the Illinois Black Panther Party chapter’s chairman, Fred Hampton. (The film is told from the perspective of William O’Neal, the informant who assisted the FBI in bringing Hampton down.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But well before \u003cem>Judas and the Black Messiah\u003c/em>, and the murals and new signage in Oakland, the legacy of the Party and the individuals involved has long been a personal interest of mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I once held back childlike excitement when Ericka Huggins and archivist Lisbet Tellefsen allowed me to look through the \u003ca href=\"https://archive.curbed.com/2016/6/29/12010106/black-panther-school-mova-oakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">old photos of the Black Panther’s Oakland Community School\u003c/a>. And I defeated pterodactyl-sized stomach butterflies of nervousness before asking Fredrika Newton \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13874735/fredrika-newton-huey-p-revolutionary-love\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">intimate questions about her relationship with Dr. Newton\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve talked to educational counselor and former Panther\u003ca href=\"https://ogtoldme.tumblr.com/post/68941837393/sometimes-we-devalue-ourselves-we-dont-really\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Massai Minters\u003c/a> at UCLA’s Campbell Hall where Bunchy Carter and John Huggins were assassinated, attended an event at Merritt College where famed Black Panther Party illustrator \u003ca href=\"https://ogtoldme.tumblr.com/post/77494359367/culture-is-a-weapon-emory-douglas-emory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Emory Douglas\u003c/a> spoke about his book \u003cem>Black Panther: The Revolutionary Art of Emory Douglas\u003c/em>, and even sat in a small apartment with a sick \u003ca href=\"https://ogtoldme.tumblr.com/post/49263235572/when-asked-what-guidance-he-would-give-to-a-young\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ronald “Elder” Freeman\u003c/a>, discussing how to address the ills of society while simultaneously looking for his medicine. Elder has since passed, but his words linger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through these interactions, as well as reading books and watching documentaries, I’ve gained a certain understanding about the Panthers: terrorized by the government, stigmatized by the media, and loved by the people (well, \u003cem>some\u003c/em> of the people). The Panthers fought to save their community from the failures of a capitalist system, while simultaneously dealing with their own personal issues—issues that were largely the byproducts of a capitalist system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the legacy of the Black Panther Party as a whole, I often think about the stories of the individual people involved. People whose stories haven’t been fully told. People like the Rev. Cheryl Dawson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893142\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Rev. Cheryl Dawson.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.2021.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rev. Cheryl Dawson. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Cheryl Dawson.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">“I\u003c/span> took the political structure that I learned in the Party, and combined it with the information that I had about womanist theory and I took that work to the Congo—the Democratic Republic of the Congo—did I tell you about that?” Dawson asks me over the phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I tell her that during our two previous conversations she hadn’t mentioned that, so I’m glad she called back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tells me that about a decade ago she led empowerment workshops with women in Uganda and Haiti as well, using principles she developed when she was selling copies of the Black Panther Party newspaper on the corner of Alcatraz Avenue and Adeline Street in Berkeley back in the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an earlier conversation, she mentions another chapter in her life that was also heavily influenced by her time with the Party.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in the early ’80s Dawson worked in and out of prisons, developing programs for women who are incarcerated. She spent the final decade of her career working as the Rehabilitation Services Coordinator in the San Francisco County Sheriff Office’s Women’s Resource Center. That’s where she implemented a curriculum to empower women through lectures, through the use of popular media to inspire critical thinking, and by asking class attendees to reflect on “\u003ca href=\"http://ww.sfsheriff.com/newsletter_june2017.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">their own cultural experiences and injustices\u003c/a>”. Upon leaving her position last year, the San Francisco Sheriff’s Department honored her commitment to the work by naming Dec. 20 “Rev. Cheryl Dawson Day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I couldn’t help but wonder: \u003ci>How do you pivot from working for a revolutionary liberation organization to working for the very institution that incarcerates people?\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was working in the same sacred spaces,” explains Dawson. “The same tight corners, the same buried holes in the ground that I had tested, and walked in, and helped raise people up from when I was working in the Party … The pain that women wore in the prison is the same pain that I saw in the community from which they had come.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simply put, Dawson saw the position as an opportunity to get deeper into the system and make a change from within.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893149\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13893149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.1970s.jpg\" alt=\"Cheryl Dawson in the 1970s. \" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.1970s.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.1970s-160x213.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cheryl Dawson in the 1980s. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Rev. Cheryl Dawson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a consultant at the federal prison in Dublin, she recalls sitting outside of solitary confinement, kneeling down on the cement floor, and talking through the slit in the steel door where the food was passed through. “I was trying to get a glimpse of the woman I was talking to,” says Dawson. “To just hold her gaze for a moment and try to give her hope for tomorrow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She did this work while continuing to face “that same deep intimate pain” that she experienced as a young girl; the pain that pushed her to join the Party in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a child, Dawson lived in \u003ca href=\"https://universityvillage.berkeley.edu/about/village-history\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Codornices Village\u003c/a>, a housing project on land leased from UC Berkeley to house wartime workers and their families in the 40s, many of them African American. It’s no coincidence that in the 1960s, when the housing projects were closed and the property was returned to UC Berkeley, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/cities/Albany50.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the “Negro” population\u003c/a> of Albany went from 1,778 people in 1950 down to just 75 people in 1960.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, Dawson spent some time in Oakland, but Berkeley was her home. She lived one block to the white side of the city’s racial housing dividing line, formerly known as Grove street (now Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Berkeley’s Longfellow Elementary School, despite being in the Black neighborhood of South Berkeley, she saw racism firsthand. In class, Dawson says, she and the other Black kids were routinely overlooked when they raised their hands and over-punished when they got in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13893150\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.Wicker.jpg\" alt=\"Cheryl Dawson in the 1970s.\" width=\"600\" height=\"832\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.Wicker.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.Wicker-160x222.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cheryl Dawson in the 1970s. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Rev. Cheryl Dawson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She says a brother as dark as she was once got in trouble, and a white teacher grabbed him by the scruff of his neck and put him under one of those old-fashioned wooden desks. The teacher then sat down and scooted her chair in. “She pinned him in like he was a dog or cat or something,” says Dawson. “The only thing he could do is look out from under the desk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memory of the disobedient boy and the heavy-handed punishment stuck with her. Shortly afterward she learned about social workers, and how they helped people; especially people who looked like her. “At a very young age,” says Dawson, “I had a desire to do that, it was stamped in my heart. Unbeknownst to me, it would continue to manifest for the remainder of my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to attend Willard Junior High, which was much whiter, and well above the racial dividing line. After attending Berkeley High for the majority of her high school years, she graduated from Oakland Tech and went on to Cal State East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she was in college, Dawson was invited to an event at Oakland City College where Black Panther Party for Self-Defense co-founder Bobby Seale was speaking. And the rest was history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893143\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893143\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Cheryl Dawson, seen here with her family.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-768x510.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson-1536x1021.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/CherylDawson.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cheryl Dawson, seen here with her children. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Cheryl Dawson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">R\u003c/span>ev. Dawson has no issue discussing details of her time in the Party, like bundling up her infant daughter at the early hour of “can’t see in the morning” so they could get to the Panther headquarters, serve the people and take political classes, only to return home at “can’t see at night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what stands out from our conversation is Dawson periodically pausing to ask her grandchildren to “be careful while you’re doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community service starts at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson tells me she’s inspired by her great uncle, who left the south on a flatbed truck after being chased by the Klan. Once he settled in California, he sent for his sister, Dawson’s grandmother. Not too long after arriving in the Bay Area, Dawson’s grandmother and grandfather were wed through a marriage broker in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking highly of her four children, Dawson proudly mentions that two of her sons chose to change their names upon adulthood in an effort to shed their slave names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson holds a master’s degree in womanist theology from the American Baptist Seminary at UC Berkeley’s Graduate Theological Union, as well as an M.A. in women’s spirituality from San Francisco’s California Institute of Integral Studies. She was ordained as a reverend about five years ago, at the same place she served: the historic Beth Eden Baptist Church in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tells me she just recently returned to the church, as nowadays spends most of her time with the grandchildren I heard in the background on our calls. And of course, she plans to take them to see the new mural featuring images of her comrades in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mural brings us from the margins to the center,” says Dawson of the artwork’s significance. “To turn the light on and say: I see you. And to further extend my view of connectivity and say, ‘I see you, because you are me.’ Just that alone is life-saving. And that’s what we were about in the Party: \u003cem>saving the lives of our people.\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12127869\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-800x78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Rev. Cheryl Dawson recently spoke about her experiences with the Black Panther Party on the KQED podcast The Bay. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858928/west-oakland-mural-honors-women-of-black-panther-party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hear it here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>As part of ‘The Black Panther Party Celebration of Activism,’ Pendarvis Harshaw interviews Ryan Coogler, Marshawn Lynch, Marcus Roberts, Charles D. King and Josh Johnson, to be broadcast on Facebook Live and YouTube on Wednesday, Feb. 24, at noon PST. \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandrootssc.com/news_article/show/1146959\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Details here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Meet the Ghosts Who Haunt the 100-Year Old Dew Drop Inn",
"headTitle": "Meet the Ghosts Who Haunt the 100-Year Old Dew Drop Inn | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Lori Savageau was three days into her new job at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/dewdropinn49/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dew Drop Inn\u003c/a> the first time something weird happened. She’d arrived at the down-home Grass Valley landmark at 8 o’clock that morning, locked herself inside, and got to work cleaning the women’s bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I heard the back door open, so I assumed it was the bar owner,” Savageau tells KQED via Facetime. “And then I heard a great big crash. It sounded like someone had dropped a shelf full of groceries. So I came out of the bathroom, and called out, ‘Are you okay?’ And I heard a woman’s voice call back, clear as day, ‘Oh, don’t worry! It’s just me!’ So I went to see if I could help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in the back room, Savageau found the back door still locked, nothing disturbed or broken, and no one to be found anywhere in the building. About an hour later, when owner Lori Holcomb Godfrey arrived, Savageau relayed the morning’s strange events. “And [Godfrey] just very casually said, ‘Oh yeah, the bar’s haunted,'” Savageau recalls. “Like this is perfectly normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13892833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13892833\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Behind the Dew Drop's bar, bartenders Kalli Scogna, owner Lori Holcomb Godfrey, Lori Savageau, and Vanessa.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bartenders of the Dew Drop Inn. (L-R) Kalli Scogna, owner Lori Holcomb Godfrey, Lori Savageau, and Vanessa. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lori Savageau)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Savageau moved to Grass Valley from San Francisco in 2016, she did so in search of a quieter life. She had recently left her job as a program manager at Google after an accident at home left her with second- and third-degree burns across her chest, neck and arms, and the long recovery process forced her to reevaluate her life. Grass Valley, she thought, seemed like the perfect small community in which to recuperate. And for a while, it was. But toward the end of her first year in town, Savageau started noticing this little corner of Gold Rush country wasn’t quite what it had seemed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never lived anywhere like it,” she explains. “When you hear about ghosts up here, they’re never a surprise to anybody. The south county of Grass Valley is accepted as a haunted place by everyone who lives here. I certainly haven’t met anyone around here who doesn’t believe—it’s just treated as common knowledge. And that stuff,” she continues, referring to paranormal activity, “introduces itself gradually to newcomers. Then slowly you just begin to accept it. If you didn’t, you’d go crazy trying to explain things that can’t be explained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list of things Savageau can’t explain about the Dew Drop Inn is long. Working alone in the bar, she has felt the back of her shirt pulled by unseen hands. She has witnessed heavy cigarette smoke emerge from nowhere, glasses shatter on their own, doors opening and closing of their own accord, and the jukebox turning itself on and off. (Usually to play Patti Page’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=go4YFiQ9PDI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mama From the Train\u003c/a>.”) She and six other witnesses once saw a speaker lift off the wall, drop one foot, then fly across the room towards a woman who was yelling at her husband. The speaker narrowly missed the woman’s head. The woman’s response? “Why are ghosts always throwing shit at me?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893002\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Patrons of the Dew Drop Inn, seated at the bar.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patrons of the Dew Drop Inn. \u003ccite>(Lori Holcomb Godfrey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Savageau says she has seen two different entities on the property. The first is a black-haired man with a sour face who sits hunched on a corner stool next to the pool table. (“I’ve noticed no one ever sits in that spot,” she notes. “A couple of people have seen a blurry black cloud there.”) The other is a child of about six years old that locals have long referred to as Tag. “He was wearing little overalls and a hat, and swinging on the back gate,” Savageau says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13883118']Godfrey, the owner, was taken aback by the activity in the bar when she first bought it in April 2017. But like everyone else who frequents the Dew Drop, she has come to expect it. Godfrey backs up Savageau’s claims about thrown objects and phantom cigarette smoke in the bar, and says she’s also encountered spirits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The weirdest one happened when I was alone at the bar,” she says. “I came out of the kitchen and there’s a guy with dark hair, wearing ’70s country clothes—bell-bottom jeans and a plaid shirt with pearl buttons. And I was like, ‘Oh, I didn’t hear you come in…’ And he looked at me and just disappeared. Oh my God, he was so solid. And then the next day, one of our customers was sitting at the end of the bar and she saw the same guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godfrey came to find out that not only were many locals already familiar with the disappearing man in the bell-bottoms, they referred to him by name—Wade. Wade is believed to be the spirit of a beloved regular from the ’80s, who died in his early twenties from a seizure caused by a traumatic brain injury. Most sightings have him striding towards the jukebox, as he apparently often did in life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Savageau, Godfrey arrived at the Dew Drop after walking away from the stresses and strains of a more conventional life. She had worked as a paramedic for 14 years in and around Sacramento. When she realized the Dew Drop was at risk of being demolished, Godfrey and her husband Marcus saw an opportunity and bought the bar. “I mean, this place has ties to my family and the community,” Godfrey says. “But I’m also really big into history. And the Dew Drop is kind of an unsung landmark in the county. People don’t realize the history it’s had.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13884403']No one knows exactly when the Dew Drop Inn first arrived—Godfrey has tried and failed to find a solid date—but locals swear that it’s well over 100-years old. One neighbor, Kit White-Thomas, says she can prove it. She recently told Godfrey that her family property in Grass Valley was won by her great-great-grandfather in a poker game at the bar sometime during the Gold Rush. White-Thomas told Godfrey via text: “The original deed written up between my ancestor, Patrick Hurley, and the man that lost, Mr. Allison, states: ‘Property was won in a poker game for a 10$ gold piece at the Dew Drop Inn.’ And I can tell you that my grandmother was born on that property in 1895.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original Dew Drop was, locals tell me, surrounded by miner’s cabins, a brothel, a restaurant and a small market. Later, the inn was \u003ca href=\"https://hauntingsinthewildwest.home.blog/2019/10/22/ghosts-of-the-dew-drop-inn/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">connected to a gas station\u003c/a>. Then, in 1936, a huge stream-fed pool was constructed 100 yards away. The Dew Drop Inn has occupied what used to be the pool house \u003ca href=\"https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/6139dd85-e798-4fad-af6d-8dfd039cdba3/downloads/1c829v3q6_579327.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">since 1942\u003c/a>. And though it’s long since been filled in, swimming pool stairs eerily remain out on the lawn outside the bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13892914\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13892914\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Old stairs from the swimming pool remain on the lawn outside the Dew Drop Inn.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old stairs from the swimming pool remain on the lawn outside the Dew Drop Inn. \u003ccite>(Lori Savageau)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, the bar’s handyman, Jimmy Drouin, lives in the building that housed the original Dew Drop Inn. “Jimmy’s got really weird things that go on on his property,” Godfrey explains. “He even got shoved off his roof once.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Dew Drop regular, H. (she asked me to only use her first initial), used to live in one of the old miner’s cabins. Like Jimmy, she experienced inexplicable events at home. Regular occurrences included disembodied footsteps (“It was \u003cem>loud\u003c/em>. Like a man in heavy boots walking slowly through the house”) and the sounds of a horse and carriage outside. Sometimes the smell of cigars would emerge in her house from nowhere. And it gets worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13881990']“One summer night I heard someone shouting in anger,” H. says. “I ran outside to see who it was and it felt like I ran into an icebox. There was a cloudy white silhouette of a woman in a dress in the road, just past my cabin. I heard a blood-curdling scream, and then she disappeared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On another occasion at the cabin, H. was grabbed by what felt like “a large, calloused, man’s hand.” It scared her to such a great degree, she ran to a neighbor’s home wearing only her robe. “Still gives me chills just thinking about it,” she shudders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ask any Dew Drop regulars about the ghosts at the bar, and they’ll happily tell you about the three children who play outside (including Tag), along with a regular apparition inside named Dutch. When Dutch was alive, he always sat on the same stool at the end of the bar. (Dutch is believed to be the source of the phantom cigarette smoke, since it always emerges near his stool.) Then there’s Millie, Godfrey’s paternal grandmother, who was a staple at the Dew Drop in her own lifetime and worked behind the bar. Millie’s Bloody Mary recipe is still used at the inn today. (“People tend to see Millie more when [Godfrey] is working,” Savageau says.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13892845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13892845\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n-800x802.jpg\" alt=\"A Bloody Mary on the bar of the Dew Drop Inn. The recipe comes from the current owner's grandmother Millie, who is believed to still visit the bar as a spirit.\" width=\"800\" height=\"802\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n-800x802.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n-768x770.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Dew Drop Inn’s current owner uses her grandmother Millie’s Bloody Mary recipe in the bar. Millie is believed to be one of the spirits still in residence, having worked in and frequented the bar during her lifetime. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Dew Drop Inn)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For the record, everyone I spoke to in Grass Valley knows exactly how bizarre all of this sounds. Many of them wouldn’t believe it if they weren’t living through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll talk to friends from out of town,” Savageau says, “and they’re like, ‘It’s just mass hysteria.’ But no one’s hysterical. Everyone’s very calm about all of this. And there’s also a certain level of respect around it. And sympathy for the spirits. People are very protective of them. Living somewhere with so much history does make you feel a little bit special,” Savageau continues. “But it does feel like there’s some gravitational pull toward spiritual unrest here. Something in Grass Valley just… traps you.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Lori Savageau was three days into her new job at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/dewdropinn49/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dew Drop Inn\u003c/a> the first time something weird happened. She’d arrived at the down-home Grass Valley landmark at 8 o’clock that morning, locked herself inside, and got to work cleaning the women’s bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I heard the back door open, so I assumed it was the bar owner,” Savageau tells KQED via Facetime. “And then I heard a great big crash. It sounded like someone had dropped a shelf full of groceries. So I came out of the bathroom, and called out, ‘Are you okay?’ And I heard a woman’s voice call back, clear as day, ‘Oh, don’t worry! It’s just me!’ So I went to see if I could help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in the back room, Savageau found the back door still locked, nothing disturbed or broken, and no one to be found anywhere in the building. About an hour later, when owner Lori Holcomb Godfrey arrived, Savageau relayed the morning’s strange events. “And [Godfrey] just very casually said, ‘Oh yeah, the bar’s haunted,'” Savageau recalls. “Like this is perfectly normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13892833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13892833\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Behind the Dew Drop's bar, bartenders Kalli Scogna, owner Lori Holcomb Godfrey, Lori Savageau, and Vanessa.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Kalli-Scogna-Lori-Holcomb-Godfrey-me-and-Vanessa.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bartenders of the Dew Drop Inn. (L-R) Kalli Scogna, owner Lori Holcomb Godfrey, Lori Savageau, and Vanessa. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lori Savageau)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Savageau moved to Grass Valley from San Francisco in 2016, she did so in search of a quieter life. She had recently left her job as a program manager at Google after an accident at home left her with second- and third-degree burns across her chest, neck and arms, and the long recovery process forced her to reevaluate her life. Grass Valley, she thought, seemed like the perfect small community in which to recuperate. And for a while, it was. But toward the end of her first year in town, Savageau started noticing this little corner of Gold Rush country wasn’t quite what it had seemed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never lived anywhere like it,” she explains. “When you hear about ghosts up here, they’re never a surprise to anybody. The south county of Grass Valley is accepted as a haunted place by everyone who lives here. I certainly haven’t met anyone around here who doesn’t believe—it’s just treated as common knowledge. And that stuff,” she continues, referring to paranormal activity, “introduces itself gradually to newcomers. Then slowly you just begin to accept it. If you didn’t, you’d go crazy trying to explain things that can’t be explained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list of things Savageau can’t explain about the Dew Drop Inn is long. Working alone in the bar, she has felt the back of her shirt pulled by unseen hands. She has witnessed heavy cigarette smoke emerge from nowhere, glasses shatter on their own, doors opening and closing of their own accord, and the jukebox turning itself on and off. (Usually to play Patti Page’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=go4YFiQ9PDI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mama From the Train\u003c/a>.”) She and six other witnesses once saw a speaker lift off the wall, drop one foot, then fly across the room towards a woman who was yelling at her husband. The speaker narrowly missed the woman’s head. The woman’s response? “Why are ghosts always throwing shit at me?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13893002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13893002\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Patrons of the Dew Drop Inn, seated at the bar.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/o-2.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patrons of the Dew Drop Inn. \u003ccite>(Lori Holcomb Godfrey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Savageau says she has seen two different entities on the property. The first is a black-haired man with a sour face who sits hunched on a corner stool next to the pool table. (“I’ve noticed no one ever sits in that spot,” she notes. “A couple of people have seen a blurry black cloud there.”) The other is a child of about six years old that locals have long referred to as Tag. “He was wearing little overalls and a hat, and swinging on the back gate,” Savageau says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Godfrey, the owner, was taken aback by the activity in the bar when she first bought it in April 2017. But like everyone else who frequents the Dew Drop, she has come to expect it. Godfrey backs up Savageau’s claims about thrown objects and phantom cigarette smoke in the bar, and says she’s also encountered spirits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The weirdest one happened when I was alone at the bar,” she says. “I came out of the kitchen and there’s a guy with dark hair, wearing ’70s country clothes—bell-bottom jeans and a plaid shirt with pearl buttons. And I was like, ‘Oh, I didn’t hear you come in…’ And he looked at me and just disappeared. Oh my God, he was so solid. And then the next day, one of our customers was sitting at the end of the bar and she saw the same guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godfrey came to find out that not only were many locals already familiar with the disappearing man in the bell-bottoms, they referred to him by name—Wade. Wade is believed to be the spirit of a beloved regular from the ’80s, who died in his early twenties from a seizure caused by a traumatic brain injury. Most sightings have him striding towards the jukebox, as he apparently often did in life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Savageau, Godfrey arrived at the Dew Drop after walking away from the stresses and strains of a more conventional life. She had worked as a paramedic for 14 years in and around Sacramento. When she realized the Dew Drop was at risk of being demolished, Godfrey and her husband Marcus saw an opportunity and bought the bar. “I mean, this place has ties to my family and the community,” Godfrey says. “But I’m also really big into history. And the Dew Drop is kind of an unsung landmark in the county. People don’t realize the history it’s had.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>No one knows exactly when the Dew Drop Inn first arrived—Godfrey has tried and failed to find a solid date—but locals swear that it’s well over 100-years old. One neighbor, Kit White-Thomas, says she can prove it. She recently told Godfrey that her family property in Grass Valley was won by her great-great-grandfather in a poker game at the bar sometime during the Gold Rush. White-Thomas told Godfrey via text: “The original deed written up between my ancestor, Patrick Hurley, and the man that lost, Mr. Allison, states: ‘Property was won in a poker game for a 10$ gold piece at the Dew Drop Inn.’ And I can tell you that my grandmother was born on that property in 1895.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original Dew Drop was, locals tell me, surrounded by miner’s cabins, a brothel, a restaurant and a small market. Later, the inn was \u003ca href=\"https://hauntingsinthewildwest.home.blog/2019/10/22/ghosts-of-the-dew-drop-inn/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">connected to a gas station\u003c/a>. Then, in 1936, a huge stream-fed pool was constructed 100 yards away. The Dew Drop Inn has occupied what used to be the pool house \u003ca href=\"https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/6139dd85-e798-4fad-af6d-8dfd039cdba3/downloads/1c829v3q6_579327.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">since 1942\u003c/a>. And though it’s long since been filled in, swimming pool stairs eerily remain out on the lawn outside the bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13892914\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13892914\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Old stairs from the swimming pool remain on the lawn outside the Dew Drop Inn.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/IMG_1329.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old stairs from the swimming pool remain on the lawn outside the Dew Drop Inn. \u003ccite>(Lori Savageau)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, the bar’s handyman, Jimmy Drouin, lives in the building that housed the original Dew Drop Inn. “Jimmy’s got really weird things that go on on his property,” Godfrey explains. “He even got shoved off his roof once.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Dew Drop regular, H. (she asked me to only use her first initial), used to live in one of the old miner’s cabins. Like Jimmy, she experienced inexplicable events at home. Regular occurrences included disembodied footsteps (“It was \u003cem>loud\u003c/em>. Like a man in heavy boots walking slowly through the house”) and the sounds of a horse and carriage outside. Sometimes the smell of cigars would emerge in her house from nowhere. And it gets worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“One summer night I heard someone shouting in anger,” H. says. “I ran outside to see who it was and it felt like I ran into an icebox. There was a cloudy white silhouette of a woman in a dress in the road, just past my cabin. I heard a blood-curdling scream, and then she disappeared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On another occasion at the cabin, H. was grabbed by what felt like “a large, calloused, man’s hand.” It scared her to such a great degree, she ran to a neighbor’s home wearing only her robe. “Still gives me chills just thinking about it,” she shudders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ask any Dew Drop regulars about the ghosts at the bar, and they’ll happily tell you about the three children who play outside (including Tag), along with a regular apparition inside named Dutch. When Dutch was alive, he always sat on the same stool at the end of the bar. (Dutch is believed to be the source of the phantom cigarette smoke, since it always emerges near his stool.) Then there’s Millie, Godfrey’s paternal grandmother, who was a staple at the Dew Drop in her own lifetime and worked behind the bar. Millie’s Bloody Mary recipe is still used at the inn today. (“People tend to see Millie more when [Godfrey] is working,” Savageau says.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13892845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13892845\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n-800x802.jpg\" alt=\"A Bloody Mary on the bar of the Dew Drop Inn. The recipe comes from the current owner's grandmother Millie, who is believed to still visit the bar as a spirit.\" width=\"800\" height=\"802\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n-800x802.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n-768x770.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/81472108_576105932945336_5319817707678334976_n.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Dew Drop Inn’s current owner uses her grandmother Millie’s Bloody Mary recipe in the bar. Millie is believed to be one of the spirits still in residence, having worked in and frequented the bar during her lifetime. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Dew Drop Inn)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For the record, everyone I spoke to in Grass Valley knows exactly how bizarre all of this sounds. Many of them wouldn’t believe it if they weren’t living through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll talk to friends from out of town,” Savageau says, “and they’re like, ‘It’s just mass hysteria.’ But no one’s hysterical. Everyone’s very calm about all of this. And there’s also a certain level of respect around it. And sympathy for the spirits. People are very protective of them. Living somewhere with so much history does make you feel a little bit special,” Savageau continues. “But it does feel like there’s some gravitational pull toward spiritual unrest here. Something in Grass Valley just… traps you.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "How the ‘Crazy’ Cat Lady Became One of Pop Culture’s Most Enduring Sexist Tropes",
"headTitle": "How the ‘Crazy’ Cat Lady Became One of Pop Culture’s Most Enduring Sexist Tropes | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Old maid. Spinster. \u003ca href=\"https://metro.co.uk/2019/03/14/if-youre-an-unmarried-woman-over-the-age-of-26-youre-not-a-spinster-youre-a-thornback-8902030/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Thornback\u003c/a>. There are plenty of words with derogatory overtones to describe single women, but the trope of the cat lady is one that has persisted in culture almost as long as culture’s been recorded. Today, most commonly, it represents a sad and lonely woman who uses felines as a substitute for both lovers and children. The fact that—among millennials at least—more men own cats than women (48% of men vs. 35% of women) tends to fly under the radar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not hard to find cat ladies in popular culture. In 1971’s \u003cem>A Clockwork Orange\u003c/em>, an eccentric, cat-loving \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jjlq92tQHVk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">single woman gets beaten to death\u003c/a> with a phallic statue. (Subtle.) In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EUUXbdEgjVo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2004 \u003cem>SNL\u003c/em> skit\u003c/a>, Robert De Niro plays a cat lady who’s barely holding it together. In \u003cem>The Office\u003c/em>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8TeV93Ji7M\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Angela is obsessed with cats\u003c/a>, watching her pets via nanny-cams at work, keeping them in filing cabinets, and bemoaning the lack of “cat maternity” leave at Dunder Mifflin. \u003cem>The Simpsons\u003c/em> has had a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKks1jCYkvA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deranged cat lady\u003c/a> in its cast of characters for years.[aside postid='pop_30174']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea that cat companionship is a sign of poor mental health is patently false, despite what \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lq8ZlNCEW4w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Grey Gardens\u003c/a>\u003c/em> might have implied in 1976. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/a-to-z/p/pets-and-mental-health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mental Health Foundation says\u003c/a> that pets are highly effective at relieving stress and anxiety. Other \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3317329/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">research\u003c/a> has shown that cats are good for humans in a multitude of ways; cat owners have significantly lower risks of both stroke and heart attack. And while it’s true that pop culture has worked overtime to keep false stereotypes alive, the cat lady also has her roots in hundreds of years of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In ancient times, cats and feminine deities went hand in hand. Egypt’s half-cat, half-woman \u003ca href=\"https://www.ancient.eu/Bastet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bastet\u003c/a> was the goddess of domesticity, childbirth and “women’s secrets.” Chinese cat goddess \u003ca href=\"https://www.ancient.eu/article/466/cats-in-the-ancient-world/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Li Shou\u003c/a> was a symbol of fertility. And in Norse mythology, Freya, the goddess of beauty and strength, rode a chariot led by cats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/catladyuniverse/status/498869046537109505\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything was going pretty swimmingly for cat ladies then, until the Roman Catholic Church showed up in the Middle Ages. In an effort to rid the world of non-Christian gods, deities other than the Holy Trinity were stigmatized and rebranded as evil. Worse, cats garnered a reputation for being minions of Satan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1232, Pope Gregory—a man fond of torturing people for information—wrote a letter to Germany’s King Henry VII in which \u003ca href=\"https://talesoftimesforgotten.com/2019/11/05/were-cats-really-killed-en-masse-during-the-middle-ages/#:~:text=The%20idea%20people%20in%20the,Death%20is%20100%25%20pure%20fantasy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he described a Satanic ritual\u003c/a> that involved worshippers kissing the rear end of a magical cat:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[A statue of] a black cat about the size of an average dog, descends backwards, with its tail erect. First the novice, then the master, then each one of the order who are worthy and perfect, kiss the cat on its hindquarters… They incline their heads towards the cat. ‘Forgive us,’ says the master, and the one next to him repeats this.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Then in 1486, the now-infamous \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleus_Maleficarum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Malleus Maleficarum\u003c/a>\u003c/em> (aka “the Witch Hammer”) book arrived. The German who wrote it, Heinrich Kramer, was inspired to do so after being ordered to leave his diocese by the church. His views on witches, and how to eradicate them, were so extreme, even other Catholics of the time couldn’t support them. That didn’t stop his book from being embraced by zealots everywhere. [aside postid='arts_13886425']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time England executed its first witch in 1566 (a 63-year-old by the name of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_Waterhouse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Agnes Waterhouse\u003c/a>), the fact that she reportedly had a murderous, blood-drinking cat named Satan seemed totally plausible for many who heard about her case. A century later, demonic, power-hungry cats remained a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cunning-folk.com/read-posts/the-cats-of-old-salem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">major theme\u003c/a> of the Salem witch trials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 18th century, as the witch trials were widely recognized as a grave miscarriage of justice, single women with cats were suddenly transformed in the public eye from frightening fiends to figures to be pitied. Unfortunately, because single women of the time were so often viewed as a nuisance—without access to jobs, unmarried women had to rely on the kindness of relatives for financial support—the cat lady became a figure of ridicule. And as resentments towards these women grew, so did the popularity of the stereotype.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This 1789 painting, \u003ci>Old Maids at a Cat’s Funeral\u003c/i>, stands as a perfect example of the rhetoric of the time. If you don’t have a husband or children, it tells us, you will lose all sense of propriety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13891921\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13891921\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-800x406.jpg\" alt=\"This colored stipple engraving depicts a funeral procession of elderly women with cats in their arms, following the coffin of a dead cat. The art, by J. Pettit after E.G. Byron, is dated 10 April 1789.\" width=\"800\" height=\"406\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-800x406.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-1020x518.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-160x81.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-768x390.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This colored stipple engraving depicts a funeral procession of elderly women with cats in their arms, following the coffin of a dead cat. The art, by J. Pettit after E.G. Byron, is dated 10 April 1789. \u003ccite>(Wellcomecollection.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The stereotype, of course, stuck around. And by the Victorian era, the close relationship between single women and cats was accepted as an inevitable social norm. In 1880, the \u003ca href=\"https://bust.com/living/19427-cat-ladies-victorian-science.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Dundee Courier\u003c/em> reported\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>There is nothing at all surprising in the old maid choosing a cat as a household pet or companion. Solitude is not congenial to human nature, and a poor forlorn female, shut up in a cheerless ‘garret,’ brooding all alone over her blighted hopes, would naturally centre her affections on some of the lower animals.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Viewing “old maids” as harmless didn’t last long, however. In the early 20th century, as women inched ever closer to gaining the right to vote, cats became a standard feature of anti-suffrage propaganda. This served two purposes. First, depicting suffragettes as cats acted as a means to reduce women to the status of inconsequential, trifling animals. Second, associating women’s rights activists with this particular pet acted as a wink and a nod to the public about what kind of woman wanted the vote: lonely, bitter man-haters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13891918\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 522px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13891918\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/23ccde21a24f0a317329ea59ba7d0b10ddb00700.jpg\" alt=\"Art depicts a disheveled cat flexing its claws and holding a sign that reads 'VOTE FOR SHES'.\" width=\"522\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/23ccde21a24f0a317329ea59ba7d0b10ddb00700.jpg 522w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/23ccde21a24f0a317329ea59ba7d0b10ddb00700-160x245.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 522px) 100vw, 522px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art by: William Henry Ellam. Publisher: Illustrated Postcard Co., New York and Germany. \u003ccite>(John Hopkins University library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13892402\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13892402\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-800x1253.png\" alt=\"This 1908 postcard features art depicting an angry kitten with text that reads 'I want my vote!' and a background depicting the flag of the British suffrage movement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1253\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-800x1253.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-160x251.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-768x1203.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-980x1536.png 980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM.png 1006w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Year: 1908. Courtesy of John Hopkins University library.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13891917\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13891917\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/1__n9o9cqR4bIIZQP3qHWEVg.jpg\" alt=\"A cat wearing a hat, suffrage flag and 'Votes For Women' pin.\" width=\"500\" height=\"687\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/1__n9o9cqR4bIIZQP3qHWEVg.jpg 500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/1__n9o9cqR4bIIZQP3qHWEVg-160x220.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Courtesy of Palczewski, Catherine H. Postcard Archive. University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was in the mid-20th century that concerted efforts to subvert and reclaim the cat lady began in earnest. In the 1960s, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolee_Schneemann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carolee Schneemann\u003c/a> flipped the stereotype on its head with performance art that juxtaposed footage of her cat with her own raw sexuality. This culminated in 1967’s \u003cem>Fuses\u003c/em>—an 18-minute film in which Schneemann has sex with her boyfriend while her cat watches on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, art and merchandise designed to joyfully rebrand the cat lady is a mere Google search away. Etsy is awash with the stuff, and companies like \u003ca href=\"https://www.etsy.com/uk/shop/MADOLDCATLADY?ref=search_shop_redirect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mad Old Cat Lady\u003c/a> proudly embrace and subvert imagery associated with “cat lovers, weirdos and witches.” What’s more, since 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.catconworldwide.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CatCon\u003c/a> has encouraged 78,000 conference attendees to embrace their inner cat lady.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, no amount of online feminist discourse has yet managed to successfully rid pop culture of the sexist stereotype. 2009 documentary \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GdMIUYqochI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Cat Ladies\u003c/em>\u003c/a> advertised itself as “a sensitive and emotionally honest portrait of women.” Instead, it focused all of its energy on proving that the very saddest portrayals of cat ladies were real and fairly common. The documentary subjects were forlorn, lonely, and, in some cases, doing more harm to their cats than good via obsessive and smothering behavior. (No clingy male cat owners were featured, of course.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearly, the thing that connects every period of cat lady has little to do with the animals themselves. Rather, it’s about a deep-rooted fear of feminine power and female autonomy. Fear of goddesses, fear of witches, fear of single women. All dressed up and expertly masked with mockery, disdain and pity, in order to disincentivize other women from embracing their own power. As such, if you find yourself branded a cat lady this Valentine’s Day? You might just want to wear that as a badge of honor.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The stereotype has been with us since the Middle Ages. But where did it come from? And why has it stuck around? ",
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"title": "How the ‘Crazy’ Cat Lady Became One of Pop Culture’s Most Enduring Sexist Tropes | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Old maid. Spinster. \u003ca href=\"https://metro.co.uk/2019/03/14/if-youre-an-unmarried-woman-over-the-age-of-26-youre-not-a-spinster-youre-a-thornback-8902030/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Thornback\u003c/a>. There are plenty of words with derogatory overtones to describe single women, but the trope of the cat lady is one that has persisted in culture almost as long as culture’s been recorded. Today, most commonly, it represents a sad and lonely woman who uses felines as a substitute for both lovers and children. The fact that—among millennials at least—more men own cats than women (48% of men vs. 35% of women) tends to fly under the radar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not hard to find cat ladies in popular culture. In 1971’s \u003cem>A Clockwork Orange\u003c/em>, an eccentric, cat-loving \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jjlq92tQHVk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">single woman gets beaten to death\u003c/a> with a phallic statue. (Subtle.) In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EUUXbdEgjVo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2004 \u003cem>SNL\u003c/em> skit\u003c/a>, Robert De Niro plays a cat lady who’s barely holding it together. In \u003cem>The Office\u003c/em>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8TeV93Ji7M\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Angela is obsessed with cats\u003c/a>, watching her pets via nanny-cams at work, keeping them in filing cabinets, and bemoaning the lack of “cat maternity” leave at Dunder Mifflin. \u003cem>The Simpsons\u003c/em> has had a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKks1jCYkvA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deranged cat lady\u003c/a> in its cast of characters for years.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea that cat companionship is a sign of poor mental health is patently false, despite what \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lq8ZlNCEW4w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Grey Gardens\u003c/a>\u003c/em> might have implied in 1976. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/a-to-z/p/pets-and-mental-health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mental Health Foundation says\u003c/a> that pets are highly effective at relieving stress and anxiety. Other \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3317329/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">research\u003c/a> has shown that cats are good for humans in a multitude of ways; cat owners have significantly lower risks of both stroke and heart attack. And while it’s true that pop culture has worked overtime to keep false stereotypes alive, the cat lady also has her roots in hundreds of years of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In ancient times, cats and feminine deities went hand in hand. Egypt’s half-cat, half-woman \u003ca href=\"https://www.ancient.eu/Bastet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bastet\u003c/a> was the goddess of domesticity, childbirth and “women’s secrets.” Chinese cat goddess \u003ca href=\"https://www.ancient.eu/article/466/cats-in-the-ancient-world/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Li Shou\u003c/a> was a symbol of fertility. And in Norse mythology, Freya, the goddess of beauty and strength, rode a chariot led by cats.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything was going pretty swimmingly for cat ladies then, until the Roman Catholic Church showed up in the Middle Ages. In an effort to rid the world of non-Christian gods, deities other than the Holy Trinity were stigmatized and rebranded as evil. Worse, cats garnered a reputation for being minions of Satan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1232, Pope Gregory—a man fond of torturing people for information—wrote a letter to Germany’s King Henry VII in which \u003ca href=\"https://talesoftimesforgotten.com/2019/11/05/were-cats-really-killed-en-masse-during-the-middle-ages/#:~:text=The%20idea%20people%20in%20the,Death%20is%20100%25%20pure%20fantasy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he described a Satanic ritual\u003c/a> that involved worshippers kissing the rear end of a magical cat:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[A statue of] a black cat about the size of an average dog, descends backwards, with its tail erect. First the novice, then the master, then each one of the order who are worthy and perfect, kiss the cat on its hindquarters… They incline their heads towards the cat. ‘Forgive us,’ says the master, and the one next to him repeats this.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Then in 1486, the now-infamous \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleus_Maleficarum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Malleus Maleficarum\u003c/a>\u003c/em> (aka “the Witch Hammer”) book arrived. The German who wrote it, Heinrich Kramer, was inspired to do so after being ordered to leave his diocese by the church. His views on witches, and how to eradicate them, were so extreme, even other Catholics of the time couldn’t support them. That didn’t stop his book from being embraced by zealots everywhere. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time England executed its first witch in 1566 (a 63-year-old by the name of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_Waterhouse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Agnes Waterhouse\u003c/a>), the fact that she reportedly had a murderous, blood-drinking cat named Satan seemed totally plausible for many who heard about her case. A century later, demonic, power-hungry cats remained a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cunning-folk.com/read-posts/the-cats-of-old-salem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">major theme\u003c/a> of the Salem witch trials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 18th century, as the witch trials were widely recognized as a grave miscarriage of justice, single women with cats were suddenly transformed in the public eye from frightening fiends to figures to be pitied. Unfortunately, because single women of the time were so often viewed as a nuisance—without access to jobs, unmarried women had to rely on the kindness of relatives for financial support—the cat lady became a figure of ridicule. And as resentments towards these women grew, so did the popularity of the stereotype.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This 1789 painting, \u003ci>Old Maids at a Cat’s Funeral\u003c/i>, stands as a perfect example of the rhetoric of the time. If you don’t have a husband or children, it tells us, you will lose all sense of propriety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13891921\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13891921\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-800x406.jpg\" alt=\"This colored stipple engraving depicts a funeral procession of elderly women with cats in their arms, following the coffin of a dead cat. The art, by J. Pettit after E.G. Byron, is dated 10 April 1789.\" width=\"800\" height=\"406\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-800x406.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-1020x518.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-160x81.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady-768x390.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/cat-lady.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This colored stipple engraving depicts a funeral procession of elderly women with cats in their arms, following the coffin of a dead cat. The art, by J. Pettit after E.G. Byron, is dated 10 April 1789. \u003ccite>(Wellcomecollection.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The stereotype, of course, stuck around. And by the Victorian era, the close relationship between single women and cats was accepted as an inevitable social norm. In 1880, the \u003ca href=\"https://bust.com/living/19427-cat-ladies-victorian-science.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Dundee Courier\u003c/em> reported\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>There is nothing at all surprising in the old maid choosing a cat as a household pet or companion. Solitude is not congenial to human nature, and a poor forlorn female, shut up in a cheerless ‘garret,’ brooding all alone over her blighted hopes, would naturally centre her affections on some of the lower animals.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Viewing “old maids” as harmless didn’t last long, however. In the early 20th century, as women inched ever closer to gaining the right to vote, cats became a standard feature of anti-suffrage propaganda. This served two purposes. First, depicting suffragettes as cats acted as a means to reduce women to the status of inconsequential, trifling animals. Second, associating women’s rights activists with this particular pet acted as a wink and a nod to the public about what kind of woman wanted the vote: lonely, bitter man-haters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13891918\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 522px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13891918\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/23ccde21a24f0a317329ea59ba7d0b10ddb00700.jpg\" alt=\"Art depicts a disheveled cat flexing its claws and holding a sign that reads 'VOTE FOR SHES'.\" width=\"522\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/23ccde21a24f0a317329ea59ba7d0b10ddb00700.jpg 522w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/23ccde21a24f0a317329ea59ba7d0b10ddb00700-160x245.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 522px) 100vw, 522px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art by: William Henry Ellam. Publisher: Illustrated Postcard Co., New York and Germany. \u003ccite>(John Hopkins University library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13892402\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13892402\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-800x1253.png\" alt=\"This 1908 postcard features art depicting an angry kitten with text that reads 'I want my vote!' and a background depicting the flag of the British suffrage movement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1253\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-800x1253.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-160x251.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-768x1203.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM-980x1536.png 980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-1.45.15-PM.png 1006w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Year: 1908. Courtesy of John Hopkins University library.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13891917\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13891917\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/1__n9o9cqR4bIIZQP3qHWEVg.jpg\" alt=\"A cat wearing a hat, suffrage flag and 'Votes For Women' pin.\" width=\"500\" height=\"687\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/1__n9o9cqR4bIIZQP3qHWEVg.jpg 500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/1__n9o9cqR4bIIZQP3qHWEVg-160x220.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Courtesy of Palczewski, Catherine H. Postcard Archive. University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was in the mid-20th century that concerted efforts to subvert and reclaim the cat lady began in earnest. In the 1960s, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolee_Schneemann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carolee Schneemann\u003c/a> flipped the stereotype on its head with performance art that juxtaposed footage of her cat with her own raw sexuality. This culminated in 1967’s \u003cem>Fuses\u003c/em>—an 18-minute film in which Schneemann has sex with her boyfriend while her cat watches on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, art and merchandise designed to joyfully rebrand the cat lady is a mere Google search away. Etsy is awash with the stuff, and companies like \u003ca href=\"https://www.etsy.com/uk/shop/MADOLDCATLADY?ref=search_shop_redirect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mad Old Cat Lady\u003c/a> proudly embrace and subvert imagery associated with “cat lovers, weirdos and witches.” What’s more, since 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.catconworldwide.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CatCon\u003c/a> has encouraged 78,000 conference attendees to embrace their inner cat lady.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, no amount of online feminist discourse has yet managed to successfully rid pop culture of the sexist stereotype. 2009 documentary \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GdMIUYqochI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Cat Ladies\u003c/em>\u003c/a> advertised itself as “a sensitive and emotionally honest portrait of women.” Instead, it focused all of its energy on proving that the very saddest portrayals of cat ladies were real and fairly common. The documentary subjects were forlorn, lonely, and, in some cases, doing more harm to their cats than good via obsessive and smothering behavior. (No clingy male cat owners were featured, of course.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearly, the thing that connects every period of cat lady has little to do with the animals themselves. Rather, it’s about a deep-rooted fear of feminine power and female autonomy. Fear of goddesses, fear of witches, fear of single women. All dressed up and expertly masked with mockery, disdain and pity, in order to disincentivize other women from embracing their own power. As such, if you find yourself branded a cat lady this Valentine’s Day? You might just want to wear that as a badge of honor.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 1963, when Barbara May Cameron was just 9 years old, she read an article about San Francisco. At the time, Cameron, a Hunkpapa Lakota, lived on the Standing Rock Reservation in North Dakota with her grandparents. As soon as she read about the far-away California city, she confidently informed her grandmother that, one day, she would live there. “And save the world too,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.thegully.com/essays/gaymundo/020313_barbara_cameron.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">she added\u003c/a>. [aside postid='arts_13871297']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over a decade later, Cameron made it to San Francisco and got to work. First, she co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gay_American_Indians\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gay American Indians\u003c/a> (GAI) alongside her friend Randy Burns. Cameron viewed GAI as both a support group for Native lesbians and gay men, and a means to carve out space for them within the wider (and whiter) LGBTQ+ community. Those pursuits carried over into her writing as well. Though she had originally trained as a photographer at Santa Fe’s Institute of American Indian Arts, Cameron found her message was better conveyed through essays. Hers were personal and powerful, and became a loudspeaker for the Indigenous gay community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cameron’s 1981 essay “\u003ca href=\"https://queertheories.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/cameron-gee-you-dont-seem.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gee, You Don’t Seem Like An Indian From The Reservation\u003c/a>” remains a searing snapshot of the struggle to survive marginalization and thrive despite it. In it, she viscerally describes 26 years of bearing witness to violence against her community. Remarkably, she also uses that backdrop as a means to openly discuss her own lasting trauma and the challenge of erasing color lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Because of experiencing racial violence, I sometimes panic when I’m the only non-white in a roomful of whites, even if they are my closest friends; I wonder if I’ll leave the room alive. The seemingly copacetic gay world of San Francisco becomes a mere dream after the panic leaves … I want to scream out my anger and disgust with myself for feeling distrustful of my white friends and I want to banish the society that has fostered those feelings of alienation.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Later, as Cameron describes working on becoming more comfortable in a white-dominated world, she wonders aloud about how she’ll do that without leaving some of her “Indianness” behind. As it turns out, for the rest of her life, Cameron never lost sight of her roots and identity. [aside postid='arts_13870056']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cameron’s ability to use her own life story to magnify the struggles of Native American people was hugely impactful at the time, and remains powerful today. And she did it in essay after essay, never once shying away from uncomfortable, difficult subjects. “It is inappropriate for progressive or liberal white people,” she once wrote, “to expect warriors in brown armor to eradicate racism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1993’s “\u003ca href=\"http://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/ucldc-nuxeo-ref-media/3c6b57d6-1604-4e20-8682-4fee12d6e43e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frybread in Berlin\u003c/a>”\u003cstrong> (\u003c/strong>originally published in the fourth\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>In The Wind: American Indian Alaska Native Community AIDS Network \u003c/em>newsletter), Cameron expressed frustration over the lack of visibility permitted to people of color within the gay community. She wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In reading newspapers in the SF Bay Area, one gets the impression that the only news coming out of the IXth International Conference on AIDS is the disruptions by ACT-UP, pretending they represent the heart and soul of all AIDS activism. But … Alaska Soto from the Native and Indigeous AIDS Network (NIAN) addressed the closing plenary with a reading of the group statement from NIAN. The statement reflected the continued frustration and efforts by Native people to be serious participants in the international arena of HIV and AIDS.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Critical though she was about issues of inclusivity within the LGBTQ+ community, Cameron also never stopped fighting for it. Her activism was prolific. Between 1980–’85, she helped organize the Lesbian Gay Freedom Day Parade and Celebration. (The predecessor to what we’ve been calling the Dyke March since 1993.) And in 1981, she co-chaired the Gay Freedom Day Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13891542 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-20-at-4.20.23-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"574\" height=\"621\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-20-at-4.20.23-PM.png 574w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-20-at-4.20.23-PM-160x173.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\">Though outspoken and formidable, Cameron is often remembered for her calm and respectful energy in the face of opposition. Those qualities made her a natural leader, and the positions she came to occupy reflect that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late ’80s, Cameron co-chaired the \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf7d5nb212/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lesbian Agenda for Action\u003c/a>, an organization that used social and political action to promote lesbian visibility. During the same period, she served as vice president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alicebtoklas.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alice B. Toklas LGBT Democratic Club\u003c/a>. The organization’s mission since 1971 has been to advocate within the Democratic party for social and economic justice, and to help elect candidates who are focused on the fight for equality. [aside postid='arts_13882943']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cameron’s position at Alice facilitated new and significant political connections that raised her profile even more. She served as a delegate for \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow/PUSH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jesse Jackson’s Rainbow Coalition\u003c/a> at the 1988 Democratic National Convention. Also that year, then-Mayor Dianne Feinstein appointed Cameron to the Citizens Committee on Community Development, and the San Francisco Human Rights Commission. When Frank Jordan became mayor in 1992, he appointed her to the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women. And between ’89 and ’92, Cameron was the executive director of Community United Against Violence—an organization dedicated to helping survivors of domestic violence and hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Barbara Cameron’s passion, resilience and dedication allowed her not only to become a beacon and a voice for marginalized groups in the Bay Area, but also to act as a bridge between them. Chrystos, a Native American poet and activist, once said that Cameron had given her, “a sense of dignity about my place in the world, and my right to be in that place.” Cameron did that for countless Indigenous and LGBTQ+ people like her. Inspired by that, last year, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/prideisaprotest/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pride is a Protest\u003c/a> project honored her life with artwork displayed just across from the Ferry Building in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/CFrwB04BcXu/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbara May Cameron died in 2002 at the age of 47, leaving behind her partner of 21 years, Linda Boyd, and their son Rhys. Despite having spent over half her life in San Francisco, Cameron was buried in South Dakota, just outside the reservation where she was raised. It was a fitting final resting place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I rediscovered myself there,” Cameron wrote of a visit to Standing Rock in 1981. “I was sad to leave but recognized that a significant part of myself has never left and never will. And that part is what gives me strength—the strength of my people’s enduring history and contenting belief in the sovereignty of our lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12127869\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-800x78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To learn about other Rebel Girls from Bay Area History, visit the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/rebelgirls\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rebel Girls homepage\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A book celebrating women from the Rebel Girls series, \u003ca href=\"https://citylights.com/politics-current-events-history/unsung-heroines35-women-who-changed/\">‘Unsung Heroines: 35 Women Who Changed the Bay Area,’\u003c/a> is available now from City Lights.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1963, when Barbara May Cameron was just 9 years old, she read an article about San Francisco. At the time, Cameron, a Hunkpapa Lakota, lived on the Standing Rock Reservation in North Dakota with her grandparents. As soon as she read about the far-away California city, she confidently informed her grandmother that, one day, she would live there. “And save the world too,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.thegully.com/essays/gaymundo/020313_barbara_cameron.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">she added\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over a decade later, Cameron made it to San Francisco and got to work. First, she co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gay_American_Indians\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gay American Indians\u003c/a> (GAI) alongside her friend Randy Burns. Cameron viewed GAI as both a support group for Native lesbians and gay men, and a means to carve out space for them within the wider (and whiter) LGBTQ+ community. Those pursuits carried over into her writing as well. Though she had originally trained as a photographer at Santa Fe’s Institute of American Indian Arts, Cameron found her message was better conveyed through essays. Hers were personal and powerful, and became a loudspeaker for the Indigenous gay community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cameron’s 1981 essay “\u003ca href=\"https://queertheories.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/cameron-gee-you-dont-seem.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gee, You Don’t Seem Like An Indian From The Reservation\u003c/a>” remains a searing snapshot of the struggle to survive marginalization and thrive despite it. In it, she viscerally describes 26 years of bearing witness to violence against her community. Remarkably, she also uses that backdrop as a means to openly discuss her own lasting trauma and the challenge of erasing color lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Because of experiencing racial violence, I sometimes panic when I’m the only non-white in a roomful of whites, even if they are my closest friends; I wonder if I’ll leave the room alive. The seemingly copacetic gay world of San Francisco becomes a mere dream after the panic leaves … I want to scream out my anger and disgust with myself for feeling distrustful of my white friends and I want to banish the society that has fostered those feelings of alienation.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Later, as Cameron describes working on becoming more comfortable in a white-dominated world, she wonders aloud about how she’ll do that without leaving some of her “Indianness” behind. As it turns out, for the rest of her life, Cameron never lost sight of her roots and identity. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cameron’s ability to use her own life story to magnify the struggles of Native American people was hugely impactful at the time, and remains powerful today. And she did it in essay after essay, never once shying away from uncomfortable, difficult subjects. “It is inappropriate for progressive or liberal white people,” she once wrote, “to expect warriors in brown armor to eradicate racism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1993’s “\u003ca href=\"http://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/ucldc-nuxeo-ref-media/3c6b57d6-1604-4e20-8682-4fee12d6e43e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frybread in Berlin\u003c/a>”\u003cstrong> (\u003c/strong>originally published in the fourth\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>In The Wind: American Indian Alaska Native Community AIDS Network \u003c/em>newsletter), Cameron expressed frustration over the lack of visibility permitted to people of color within the gay community. She wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In reading newspapers in the SF Bay Area, one gets the impression that the only news coming out of the IXth International Conference on AIDS is the disruptions by ACT-UP, pretending they represent the heart and soul of all AIDS activism. But … Alaska Soto from the Native and Indigeous AIDS Network (NIAN) addressed the closing plenary with a reading of the group statement from NIAN. The statement reflected the continued frustration and efforts by Native people to be serious participants in the international arena of HIV and AIDS.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Critical though she was about issues of inclusivity within the LGBTQ+ community, Cameron also never stopped fighting for it. Her activism was prolific. Between 1980–’85, she helped organize the Lesbian Gay Freedom Day Parade and Celebration. (The predecessor to what we’ve been calling the Dyke March since 1993.) And in 1981, she co-chaired the Gay Freedom Day Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13891542 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-20-at-4.20.23-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"574\" height=\"621\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-20-at-4.20.23-PM.png 574w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-20-at-4.20.23-PM-160x173.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\">Though outspoken and formidable, Cameron is often remembered for her calm and respectful energy in the face of opposition. Those qualities made her a natural leader, and the positions she came to occupy reflect that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late ’80s, Cameron co-chaired the \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf7d5nb212/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lesbian Agenda for Action\u003c/a>, an organization that used social and political action to promote lesbian visibility. During the same period, she served as vice president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.alicebtoklas.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alice B. Toklas LGBT Democratic Club\u003c/a>. The organization’s mission since 1971 has been to advocate within the Democratic party for social and economic justice, and to help elect candidates who are focused on the fight for equality. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cameron’s position at Alice facilitated new and significant political connections that raised her profile even more. She served as a delegate for \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow/PUSH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jesse Jackson’s Rainbow Coalition\u003c/a> at the 1988 Democratic National Convention. Also that year, then-Mayor Dianne Feinstein appointed Cameron to the Citizens Committee on Community Development, and the San Francisco Human Rights Commission. When Frank Jordan became mayor in 1992, he appointed her to the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women. And between ’89 and ’92, Cameron was the executive director of Community United Against Violence—an organization dedicated to helping survivors of domestic violence and hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Barbara Cameron’s passion, resilience and dedication allowed her not only to become a beacon and a voice for marginalized groups in the Bay Area, but also to act as a bridge between them. Chrystos, a Native American poet and activist, once said that Cameron had given her, “a sense of dignity about my place in the world, and my right to be in that place.” Cameron did that for countless Indigenous and LGBTQ+ people like her. Inspired by that, last year, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/prideisaprotest/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pride is a Protest\u003c/a> project honored her life with artwork displayed just across from the Ferry Building in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Barbara May Cameron died in 2002 at the age of 47, leaving behind her partner of 21 years, Linda Boyd, and their son Rhys. Despite having spent over half her life in San Francisco, Cameron was buried in South Dakota, just outside the reservation where she was raised. It was a fitting final resting place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I rediscovered myself there,” Cameron wrote of a visit to Standing Rock in 1981. “I was sad to leave but recognized that a significant part of myself has never left and never will. And that part is what gives me strength—the strength of my people’s enduring history and contenting belief in the sovereignty of our lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12127869\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-800x78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To learn about other Rebel Girls from Bay Area History, visit the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/rebelgirls\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rebel Girls homepage\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A book celebrating women from the Rebel Girls series, \u003ca href=\"https://citylights.com/politics-current-events-history/unsung-heroines35-women-who-changed/\">‘Unsung Heroines: 35 Women Who Changed the Bay Area,’\u003c/a> is available now from City Lights.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "When Indian Classical Music Giants Collided With Psychedelic San Francisco",
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"content": "\u003cp>In May of 1970, at a San Francisco concert venue best known for reverberating with the sounds of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/15440218/grateful-dead\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Grateful Dead\u003c/a> and Jefferson Airplane, three masters of Indian classical music took the stage for a celebration of Indian ragas. The concert was recorded by another legend of the time: Owsley Stanley, the man who designed the Dead’s innovative sound system, as well as making what was reputed to be the best LSD of its day. That recording is now available as a live album, titled \u003cem>Bear’s Sonic Journals: That Which Colors the Mind\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that night, Indian sarod master Ali Akbar Khan was joined on stage by sitar player Indranil Bhattacharya and a 19-year-old percussionist named \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/113441328/zakir-hussain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Zakir Hussain\u003c/a>. Hussain had just arrived in America a few months before, occupied with finding his way around the country and understanding the slang: “Words like ‘far-out’ and ‘groovy’ and all weren’t quite registering,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The language of the hippie generation may not have clicked for Hussain, but sitar maestro Ravi Shankar had already electrified the Woodstock and Monterey Pop festivals. The audience in San Francisco that night was primed to listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In India, I was used to playing with the audience chiming in,” Hussain recalls. “Everybody saying ‘Wow’ and … ‘Do that again,’ and all that stuff. But here the audience was quiet, eyes closed, meditative. The room was dark so you couldn’t really make eye contact with the audience, and so you were left to rely on your interaction with your fellow musicians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since his first American concert, Zakir Hussain has become perhaps the most famous tabla player in the world. He now lives in California, and he says it was this performance 50 years ago that showed him that Indian classical music could be played in the West in its purest form. “It really set the tone of how I would present myself to my fellow musicians—whoever I was accompanying—for the rest of my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Capturing the performance in the highest fidelity possible was the goal of Owsley Stanley, the man known to friends as “The Bear.” Hussain says Stanley was often seen running around “like a madman,” tripping over wires and cursing. “This was a guy who knew what needed to be done about how this music should be presented to those who were not there. I mean, Bear had this idea that the music should be heard in a way where people can close their eyes and actually see where the musicians are seated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His objective with his recording was to try to capture the audiences’ experience so that he could improve the sound system,” says Starfinder Stanley, son of the late sound man and head of the \u003ca href=\"https://owsleystanleyfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Owsley Stanley Foundation\u003c/a>. He describes his father as an “audiophile who was born in a low fidelity world,” devoted to improving the sound systems and overall sonic experience of rock and roll. “He called his tapes his sonic journals,” he recalls. “They were his working diary so that he could improve the sound.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myYeIlhh45U\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Foundation has begun restoring Stanley’s tapes and releasing the music. “He had collected about 1,300 reels of 80 different artists in nearly every idiom you can imagine of music,” says Hawk Semins, the executive producer of the series. From Miles Davis to Janis Joplin, Semins says these live recordings capture the ‘magic’ of the ’60s and ’70s Bay Area music scene. “It’s just absolutely remarkable the mix that’s reflected, the contacts that there were, the open-mindedness of the scene in terms of the various musical influences,” he says. “You’ve got Ali Akbar Khan one night, and you’ve got Commander Cody another night, and you’ve got the Grateful Dead another night. And they were all listening to each other, and they were all playing with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a time for expanding consciousness, and while Starfinder acknowledges his father’s role in chemically altering the minds of that scene’s participants, he insists the music was Owsley Stanley’s real drug. Zakir Hussain says that idea is captured in the new album’s title: Thousands of years ago, an ancient thinker named Bharata lived in India; he wrote many treatises, including the \u003cem>Natya Shastra\u003c/em>, where raga originates. “It says, ‘\u003cem>Rangati iti raga\u003c/em>,’ which means ‘That which colors the mind is a raga.’ And that ties into this recording, the title.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starfinder says he hopes the recordings can introduce a new generation to a pivotal moment in American music history, when genres and cultures cross-pollinated in a spirit of openness and dialogue. He suggests that the album makes a great companion in the chaos of our current time, especially in moments where one needs to unplug and step back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stop doom-scrolling through all the crazy stuff that’s going on,” he says. “Let this into your mind, and let it soothe that internal monologue. And this album in particular is great for that—you know, it just transports you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+The+Giants+Of+Indian+Classical+Music+Collided+With+Psychedelic+San+Francisco&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In May of 1970, at a San Francisco concert venue best known for reverberating with the sounds of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/15440218/grateful-dead\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Grateful Dead\u003c/a> and Jefferson Airplane, three masters of Indian classical music took the stage for a celebration of Indian ragas. The concert was recorded by another legend of the time: Owsley Stanley, the man who designed the Dead’s innovative sound system, as well as making what was reputed to be the best LSD of its day. That recording is now available as a live album, titled \u003cem>Bear’s Sonic Journals: That Which Colors the Mind\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that night, Indian sarod master Ali Akbar Khan was joined on stage by sitar player Indranil Bhattacharya and a 19-year-old percussionist named \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/113441328/zakir-hussain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Zakir Hussain\u003c/a>. Hussain had just arrived in America a few months before, occupied with finding his way around the country and understanding the slang: “Words like ‘far-out’ and ‘groovy’ and all weren’t quite registering,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The language of the hippie generation may not have clicked for Hussain, but sitar maestro Ravi Shankar had already electrified the Woodstock and Monterey Pop festivals. The audience in San Francisco that night was primed to listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In India, I was used to playing with the audience chiming in,” Hussain recalls. “Everybody saying ‘Wow’ and … ‘Do that again,’ and all that stuff. But here the audience was quiet, eyes closed, meditative. The room was dark so you couldn’t really make eye contact with the audience, and so you were left to rely on your interaction with your fellow musicians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since his first American concert, Zakir Hussain has become perhaps the most famous tabla player in the world. He now lives in California, and he says it was this performance 50 years ago that showed him that Indian classical music could be played in the West in its purest form. “It really set the tone of how I would present myself to my fellow musicians—whoever I was accompanying—for the rest of my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Capturing the performance in the highest fidelity possible was the goal of Owsley Stanley, the man known to friends as “The Bear.” Hussain says Stanley was often seen running around “like a madman,” tripping over wires and cursing. “This was a guy who knew what needed to be done about how this music should be presented to those who were not there. I mean, Bear had this idea that the music should be heard in a way where people can close their eyes and actually see where the musicians are seated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His objective with his recording was to try to capture the audiences’ experience so that he could improve the sound system,” says Starfinder Stanley, son of the late sound man and head of the \u003ca href=\"https://owsleystanleyfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Owsley Stanley Foundation\u003c/a>. He describes his father as an “audiophile who was born in a low fidelity world,” devoted to improving the sound systems and overall sonic experience of rock and roll. “He called his tapes his sonic journals,” he recalls. “They were his working diary so that he could improve the sound.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/myYeIlhh45U'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/myYeIlhh45U'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The Foundation has begun restoring Stanley’s tapes and releasing the music. “He had collected about 1,300 reels of 80 different artists in nearly every idiom you can imagine of music,” says Hawk Semins, the executive producer of the series. From Miles Davis to Janis Joplin, Semins says these live recordings capture the ‘magic’ of the ’60s and ’70s Bay Area music scene. “It’s just absolutely remarkable the mix that’s reflected, the contacts that there were, the open-mindedness of the scene in terms of the various musical influences,” he says. “You’ve got Ali Akbar Khan one night, and you’ve got Commander Cody another night, and you’ve got the Grateful Dead another night. And they were all listening to each other, and they were all playing with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a time for expanding consciousness, and while Starfinder acknowledges his father’s role in chemically altering the minds of that scene’s participants, he insists the music was Owsley Stanley’s real drug. Zakir Hussain says that idea is captured in the new album’s title: Thousands of years ago, an ancient thinker named Bharata lived in India; he wrote many treatises, including the \u003cem>Natya Shastra\u003c/em>, where raga originates. “It says, ‘\u003cem>Rangati iti raga\u003c/em>,’ which means ‘That which colors the mind is a raga.’ And that ties into this recording, the title.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starfinder says he hopes the recordings can introduce a new generation to a pivotal moment in American music history, when genres and cultures cross-pollinated in a spirit of openness and dialogue. He suggests that the album makes a great companion in the chaos of our current time, especially in moments where one needs to unplug and step back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stop doom-scrolling through all the crazy stuff that’s going on,” he says. “Let this into your mind, and let it soothe that internal monologue. And this album in particular is great for that—you know, it just transports you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+The+Giants+Of+Indian+Classical+Music+Collided+With+Psychedelic+San+Francisco&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Watch: That Time the Mayor Burned a Cage of Opium Outside SF City Hall",
"headTitle": "Watch: That Time the Mayor Burned a Cage of Opium Outside SF City Hall | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Picture, if you will, Mayor London Breed one day emerging from San Francisco City Hall to set fire to half a million dollars’ worth of narcotics piled inside a massive cage constructed out of drug paraphernalia. And imagine if the main thing in that burning structure was opium, which gets you high if you set it on fire and inhale the smoke it produces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Yeah.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1914, this is exactly what San Francisco’s mayor James Rolph did, in front of a gathered crowd of 5,000 people. Rolph’s stated goal was to send a very public message to local drug smugglers and dealers. (That message, to be clear, was supposed to be about zero tolerance, not the dangers of secondhand smoke.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to an article from the \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=XaxMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA392&lpg=PA392&dq=%22Ten+thousand+packages+of+morphia,+opium,+and+cocaine%22&source=bl&ots=jYG95RRkUe&sig=ACfU3U1PE87JyT1fwGUYOdIjLFIJ5APIVA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjL4viNnYfgAhXDct8KHbn3A7AQ6AEwAHoECAAQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Ten%20thousand%20packages%20of%20morphia%2C%20opium%2C%20and%20cocaine%22&f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March 1914 issue of \u003cem>Technical World Magazine\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, “All the condemned articles were piled upon the stone ruins of the old City Hall. With the tins of drugs were mixed excelsior and other highly inflammable material, while the pipes were hung side by side on scaffolding erected for the purpose.” The photo accompanying the story called the resulting bonfire “The Funeral Pyre of Dreams.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890860\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13890860\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM-800x497.png\" alt=\"The photo that 'Technical World Magazine' used in its March 1914 report on the opium bonfire shows a plume of black smoke rising up, outside San Francisco's City Hall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"497\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM-800x497.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM-160x99.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM-768x477.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM.png 1007w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The photo that ‘Technical World Magazine’ used in its report on the opium bonfire outside San Francisco’s City Hall. \u003ccite>(Technical World Magazine, March 1914, P.392.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This drug blaze was the result of an 18-month crackdown by California’s State Board of Pharmacy. During that time, 1,200 people were successfully prosecuted on narcotics-related charges, a multitude of pipes and syringes were seized, and $20,000 (in 1914 money) of opium, morphine and cocaine (around “10,000 packages”) was confiscated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At around 2pm, Mayor Rolph set all of it alight, including, according to \u003cem>Technical World Magazine\u003c/em>, “several hundred pipes, centuries old, beautifully carved and ornamented with gold and jewels.” (Thankfully, Rolph did make a last minute call to rescue “several pipes, known to be more than two hundred years old” to be sent to “the Golden Gate Museum.”) The \u003cem>Chronicle\u003c/em> later \u003ca href=\"https://www.newstimes.com/sfhistory/article/San-Francisco-opium-burning-1914-13031409.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>, “It was only a matter of moments ere the entire monument of potential degeneracy and vice was sending its smoke up to heaven.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully someone had the good sense to capture it on film:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ForrNJLv0A\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time of the burning, the State Board of Pharmacy had been holding public drug-related burnings for five years. A year earlier, one bonfire set to destroy 1,300 pipes ($25,000 worth) came dangerously close to igniting several buildings on the corner of Washington Street and Ross Alley. After that close call, the wide open space outside City Hall must have seemed like a much safer option. [aside postid='arts_13886018']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These kinds of dramatic clampdowns came after decades of San Francisco mostly turning a blind eye to the opium boom. What started with the arrival of \u003ca href=\"https://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=Chinatown%27s_Opium_Dens\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">52 boxes of opium in 1861\u003c/a> had created around 300 opium dens by the end of the 1880s. While the city served as the \u003ca href=\"https://immigrants.harpweek.com/chineseamericans/Items/Item061L.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">primary American gateway\u003c/a> for drug imports from China, law enforcement was slow to do anything about it. Commissioner Jesse B. Cook, a former chief of SFPD and a sergeant of the “Chinatown Squad” before the 1906 earthquake, wrote in 1931 about his experience with opium in the city at the turn of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At that time nearly every store in Chinatown had an opium layout in the rear for their customers,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist9/cook.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he reported\u003c/a>. “In those days the Chinese were allowed to smoke opium, provided they did not do so in the presence of a white man. If a white man was present it meant the arrest of all who were in the room at the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook said that some dens could accommodate as many as 100 opium smokers. “The opium smoke was sometimes so thick in those dens that the gas jets looked like small matches burning. Opium has a peculiar, sweet smell, not at all distasteful, and many times when coming home from Chinatown after going through dens, people in the cars sitting near me, would be sniffing, smelling the opium in my clothes and wondering what it was. When I got home it would be necessary to undress in an outer room and air my clothes to get the opium fumes out of them.” [aside postid='arts_13884403']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the 19th century, messages about opium were fairly mixed, with some advocates viewing the narcotic as positively medicinal. One journal article titled “\u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/468857\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Opium Smoking\u003c/a>” from March 5, 1892 quoted one enthusiast as saying: “Opium smoking is not only innocuous, but positively beneficial to the system. It is a complete preservative against drunkenness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the 1906 earthquake decimated much of Chinatown, many of the city’s opium dens disappeared literally overnight. And by 1914, public attitudes to narcotics entered a major shift on a national level. In 1908, Hamilton Wright had become United States Opium Commissioner and launched a passionate and concerted campaign to stamp out opium. In March 1911, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1911/03/12/archives/-uncle-sam-is-the-worst-drug-fiend-in-the-world-dr-hamilton-wright-.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he told the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Of all the nations of the world, the United States consumes most habit-forming drugs per capita … China now guards [opium] with much greater care than we do; Japan preserves her people from it far more intelligently than we do ours, who can buy it, in almost any form, in every tenth one of our drug stores. Our physicians use it recklessly in remedies and thus become responsible for making numberless ‘dope fiends’ … The habit has this Nation in its grip to an astonishing extent. Our prisons and our hospitals are full of victims of it.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Heeding Wright’s warnings, America tip-toed into the war on drugs via the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act of 1914. The legislation imposed “a special tax on all persons who produce, import, manufacture, compound, deal in, dispense, sell, distribute, or give away opium or coca leaves, their salts, derivatives, or preparations, and for other purposes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The act quickly reduced the amount of opium in circulation—without anyone having to publicly set it on fire.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Mayor Rolph's destruction of 10,000 packages of narcotics marked the end of the opium boom that had gripped San Francisco since the 1860s.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Picture, if you will, Mayor London Breed one day emerging from San Francisco City Hall to set fire to half a million dollars’ worth of narcotics piled inside a massive cage constructed out of drug paraphernalia. And imagine if the main thing in that burning structure was opium, which gets you high if you set it on fire and inhale the smoke it produces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Yeah.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1914, this is exactly what San Francisco’s mayor James Rolph did, in front of a gathered crowd of 5,000 people. Rolph’s stated goal was to send a very public message to local drug smugglers and dealers. (That message, to be clear, was supposed to be about zero tolerance, not the dangers of secondhand smoke.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to an article from the \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=XaxMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA392&lpg=PA392&dq=%22Ten+thousand+packages+of+morphia,+opium,+and+cocaine%22&source=bl&ots=jYG95RRkUe&sig=ACfU3U1PE87JyT1fwGUYOdIjLFIJ5APIVA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjL4viNnYfgAhXDct8KHbn3A7AQ6AEwAHoECAAQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Ten%20thousand%20packages%20of%20morphia%2C%20opium%2C%20and%20cocaine%22&f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March 1914 issue of \u003cem>Technical World Magazine\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, “All the condemned articles were piled upon the stone ruins of the old City Hall. With the tins of drugs were mixed excelsior and other highly inflammable material, while the pipes were hung side by side on scaffolding erected for the purpose.” The photo accompanying the story called the resulting bonfire “The Funeral Pyre of Dreams.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890860\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13890860\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM-800x497.png\" alt=\"The photo that 'Technical World Magazine' used in its March 1914 report on the opium bonfire shows a plume of black smoke rising up, outside San Francisco's City Hall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"497\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM-800x497.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM-160x99.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM-768x477.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-05-at-3.48.11-PM.png 1007w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The photo that ‘Technical World Magazine’ used in its report on the opium bonfire outside San Francisco’s City Hall. \u003ccite>(Technical World Magazine, March 1914, P.392.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This drug blaze was the result of an 18-month crackdown by California’s State Board of Pharmacy. During that time, 1,200 people were successfully prosecuted on narcotics-related charges, a multitude of pipes and syringes were seized, and $20,000 (in 1914 money) of opium, morphine and cocaine (around “10,000 packages”) was confiscated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At around 2pm, Mayor Rolph set all of it alight, including, according to \u003cem>Technical World Magazine\u003c/em>, “several hundred pipes, centuries old, beautifully carved and ornamented with gold and jewels.” (Thankfully, Rolph did make a last minute call to rescue “several pipes, known to be more than two hundred years old” to be sent to “the Golden Gate Museum.”) The \u003cem>Chronicle\u003c/em> later \u003ca href=\"https://www.newstimes.com/sfhistory/article/San-Francisco-opium-burning-1914-13031409.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>, “It was only a matter of moments ere the entire monument of potential degeneracy and vice was sending its smoke up to heaven.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully someone had the good sense to capture it on film:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/5ForrNJLv0A'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/5ForrNJLv0A'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>At the time of the burning, the State Board of Pharmacy had been holding public drug-related burnings for five years. A year earlier, one bonfire set to destroy 1,300 pipes ($25,000 worth) came dangerously close to igniting several buildings on the corner of Washington Street and Ross Alley. After that close call, the wide open space outside City Hall must have seemed like a much safer option. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These kinds of dramatic clampdowns came after decades of San Francisco mostly turning a blind eye to the opium boom. What started with the arrival of \u003ca href=\"https://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=Chinatown%27s_Opium_Dens\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">52 boxes of opium in 1861\u003c/a> had created around 300 opium dens by the end of the 1880s. While the city served as the \u003ca href=\"https://immigrants.harpweek.com/chineseamericans/Items/Item061L.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">primary American gateway\u003c/a> for drug imports from China, law enforcement was slow to do anything about it. Commissioner Jesse B. Cook, a former chief of SFPD and a sergeant of the “Chinatown Squad” before the 1906 earthquake, wrote in 1931 about his experience with opium in the city at the turn of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At that time nearly every store in Chinatown had an opium layout in the rear for their customers,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist9/cook.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he reported\u003c/a>. “In those days the Chinese were allowed to smoke opium, provided they did not do so in the presence of a white man. If a white man was present it meant the arrest of all who were in the room at the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook said that some dens could accommodate as many as 100 opium smokers. “The opium smoke was sometimes so thick in those dens that the gas jets looked like small matches burning. Opium has a peculiar, sweet smell, not at all distasteful, and many times when coming home from Chinatown after going through dens, people in the cars sitting near me, would be sniffing, smelling the opium in my clothes and wondering what it was. When I got home it would be necessary to undress in an outer room and air my clothes to get the opium fumes out of them.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the 19th century, messages about opium were fairly mixed, with some advocates viewing the narcotic as positively medicinal. One journal article titled “\u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/468857\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Opium Smoking\u003c/a>” from March 5, 1892 quoted one enthusiast as saying: “Opium smoking is not only innocuous, but positively beneficial to the system. It is a complete preservative against drunkenness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the 1906 earthquake decimated much of Chinatown, many of the city’s opium dens disappeared literally overnight. And by 1914, public attitudes to narcotics entered a major shift on a national level. In 1908, Hamilton Wright had become United States Opium Commissioner and launched a passionate and concerted campaign to stamp out opium. In March 1911, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1911/03/12/archives/-uncle-sam-is-the-worst-drug-fiend-in-the-world-dr-hamilton-wright-.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he told the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Of all the nations of the world, the United States consumes most habit-forming drugs per capita … China now guards [opium] with much greater care than we do; Japan preserves her people from it far more intelligently than we do ours, who can buy it, in almost any form, in every tenth one of our drug stores. Our physicians use it recklessly in remedies and thus become responsible for making numberless ‘dope fiends’ … The habit has this Nation in its grip to an astonishing extent. Our prisons and our hospitals are full of victims of it.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Heeding Wright’s warnings, America tip-toed into the war on drugs via the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act of 1914. The legislation imposed “a special tax on all persons who produce, import, manufacture, compound, deal in, dispense, sell, distribute, or give away opium or coca leaves, their salts, derivatives, or preparations, and for other purposes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The act quickly reduced the amount of opium in circulation—without anyone having to publicly set it on fire.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "All the Things 1995’s ‘Johnny Mnemonic’ Got Right About Life in 2021",
"headTitle": "All the Things 1995’s ‘Johnny Mnemonic’ Got Right About Life in 2021 | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>On May 26, 1995, the day \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> first hit movie theaters, \u003ca href=\"https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/johnny-mnemonic-1995\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roger Ebert declared\u003c/a> it “a movie that doesn’t deserve one nanosecond of serious analysis.” Critics across the board were in agreement. “A disaster in every way,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/26/movies/film-review-too-much-on-his-mind-ready-to-go-blooey.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. “Utterly devoid of suspense,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/johnny-mnemonic-review/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Empire\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reported. And it’s true: \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> was (and is) a total clunker; that special kind of movie that succeeds in being consistently preposterous \u003cem>and\u003c/em> kind of boring, all the way through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-six years later, however, it’s impossible to pay any mind to Ebert’s suggestion. Because William Gibson’s story is of course set in 2021, which means movie masochists like myself can’t help but dive back in and pick apart this nonsense for timely meaning. And while \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> got a lot wrong—the fashions, the internet, the ability of mutant dolphins to fry human men using small satellite dishes (no, really)—some of it is surprisingly pertinent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uwl5MBzTCRQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First and foremost, \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> is set during a global pandemic. Nerve Attenuation Syndrome—or NAS, for short—is ravaging the planet, and scientists are struggling to get a cure to millions of infected and ailing civilians. (Sound familiar?) Standing between the scientists and the civilians are evil corporate entities who want control of the cure for their own social and financial gain. (Do with that what you will.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NAS thrives because the feeble bodies of humans simply can’t cope with the amount of information and technology they are forced to absorb on a daily basis. (And who \u003cem>can’t\u003c/em> relate to that right now?) At one point, Henry Rollins, playing a \u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: line-through\">5G conspiracy theorist\u003c/span> doctor named Spider, attempts to explain how NAS contraction happens, and the scene is too gloriously stupefying not to share here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOovtZXYqj4\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnny (Keanu Reeves) has so much information in his skull, his brain is about to literally explode. (This is because he’s a clandestine courier who stores and transports secrets in his head.) His bodyguard Jane is infected with NAS, so she has similar, though less urgent, problems with her brain. Both of them occasionally lose all motor functions and writhe in agony as their bodies battle with the strain of it all. (Nine months into Zoom meetings, I can relate.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em>, the stresses of the TMI pandemic have grown so strenuous that a great division has grown across the United States. (\u003cem>Uh-huh\u003c/em>.) On the ground, armies of resistance fighters, known as LoTeks, fight for justice and the greater good. (Ice-T is one of their leaders, in a role that’s only about one step above the humanoid kangaroo he played in \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3iEgKjh3Nk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tank Girl\u003c/a>—\u003c/em>another dystopian mess from ’95.) Several cars get set alight in the process, which is not an image that’s hard to conjure for anyone who lived through \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821931/photos-oakland-takes-to-the-streets-for-george-floyd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">last summer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the movie captures more than shades of 2020’s social justice protests. At one point, Johnny has a massive tantrum about all the nice things he’s missing out on because of the pandemic, and his duties within it, and it’s astoundingly akin to the anti-lockdown protests from last spring. In this moment, Johnny—self-absorbed, screaming, and sick of being forced to think about other people—momentarily transforms into a walking \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/protesters-wave-signs-branded-dumb-ignorant-1498873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“I NEED A HAIRCUT” placard\u003c/a> with Nic Cage sensibilities. Only, he’s more concerned with “room service” and “laundered shirts” than his already perfectly coiffed hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1okpAj7Fhw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em>’s broad themes are right on the money, but some of its details are also eerily accurate: the mass monitoring of personal information, communication via video calls, electronic passports, airport full-body scans, and the occasional jarring sight of a man bun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s true that \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> gets as much wrong as it gets right. In actual 2021, we’re lacking electronic whips that can slice a man in two, and women aren’t walking around with pink hand grenades on key chains. (\u003cem>We wish!\u003c/em>) We don’t go to clubs to listen to opera singers backed by heavy metal guitars. We have neither computer chips in our brains, nor miniature fax machines in our pockets. And most of us wear much less latex. But it is genuinely surprising how much this quantifiably stupid movie understood about where the world would be at this very moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Truth be told, much of what we see in \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> that rings true are 2020 problems. But, in the end (spoiler alert!) Johnny, Jane, Ice-T and that magic dolphin I mentioned earlier \u003cem>do\u003c/em> figure out how to share the cure for the pandemic with the world. If there’s something about 2021 to cling to from this movie, it’s that. Minus the electro-dolphin, for reasons that should be obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13890809 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/dolphin.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"292\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>‘Johnny Mnemonic’ is streaming now on Hulu.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Robert Longo’s unintentionally hilarious sci-fi movie predicted a pandemic, a social justice uprising and ... a cyber dolphin?",
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"headline": "All the Things 1995’s ‘Johnny Mnemonic’ Got Right About Life in 2021",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On May 26, 1995, the day \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> first hit movie theaters, \u003ca href=\"https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/johnny-mnemonic-1995\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roger Ebert declared\u003c/a> it “a movie that doesn’t deserve one nanosecond of serious analysis.” Critics across the board were in agreement. “A disaster in every way,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/26/movies/film-review-too-much-on-his-mind-ready-to-go-blooey.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. “Utterly devoid of suspense,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/johnny-mnemonic-review/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Empire\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reported. And it’s true: \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> was (and is) a total clunker; that special kind of movie that succeeds in being consistently preposterous \u003cem>and\u003c/em> kind of boring, all the way through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-six years later, however, it’s impossible to pay any mind to Ebert’s suggestion. Because William Gibson’s story is of course set in 2021, which means movie masochists like myself can’t help but dive back in and pick apart this nonsense for timely meaning. And while \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> got a lot wrong—the fashions, the internet, the ability of mutant dolphins to fry human men using small satellite dishes (no, really)—some of it is surprisingly pertinent.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Uwl5MBzTCRQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Uwl5MBzTCRQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>First and foremost, \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> is set during a global pandemic. Nerve Attenuation Syndrome—or NAS, for short—is ravaging the planet, and scientists are struggling to get a cure to millions of infected and ailing civilians. (Sound familiar?) Standing between the scientists and the civilians are evil corporate entities who want control of the cure for their own social and financial gain. (Do with that what you will.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NAS thrives because the feeble bodies of humans simply can’t cope with the amount of information and technology they are forced to absorb on a daily basis. (And who \u003cem>can’t\u003c/em> relate to that right now?) At one point, Henry Rollins, playing a \u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: line-through\">5G conspiracy theorist\u003c/span> doctor named Spider, attempts to explain how NAS contraction happens, and the scene is too gloriously stupefying not to share here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/GOovtZXYqj4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/GOovtZXYqj4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Johnny (Keanu Reeves) has so much information in his skull, his brain is about to literally explode. (This is because he’s a clandestine courier who stores and transports secrets in his head.) His bodyguard Jane is infected with NAS, so she has similar, though less urgent, problems with her brain. Both of them occasionally lose all motor functions and writhe in agony as their bodies battle with the strain of it all. (Nine months into Zoom meetings, I can relate.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em>, the stresses of the TMI pandemic have grown so strenuous that a great division has grown across the United States. (\u003cem>Uh-huh\u003c/em>.) On the ground, armies of resistance fighters, known as LoTeks, fight for justice and the greater good. (Ice-T is one of their leaders, in a role that’s only about one step above the humanoid kangaroo he played in \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3iEgKjh3Nk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tank Girl\u003c/a>—\u003c/em>another dystopian mess from ’95.) Several cars get set alight in the process, which is not an image that’s hard to conjure for anyone who lived through \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821931/photos-oakland-takes-to-the-streets-for-george-floyd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">last summer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the movie captures more than shades of 2020’s social justice protests. At one point, Johnny has a massive tantrum about all the nice things he’s missing out on because of the pandemic, and his duties within it, and it’s astoundingly akin to the anti-lockdown protests from last spring. In this moment, Johnny—self-absorbed, screaming, and sick of being forced to think about other people—momentarily transforms into a walking \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/protesters-wave-signs-branded-dumb-ignorant-1498873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“I NEED A HAIRCUT” placard\u003c/a> with Nic Cage sensibilities. Only, he’s more concerned with “room service” and “laundered shirts” than his already perfectly coiffed hair.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/J1okpAj7Fhw'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/J1okpAj7Fhw'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em>’s broad themes are right on the money, but some of its details are also eerily accurate: the mass monitoring of personal information, communication via video calls, electronic passports, airport full-body scans, and the occasional jarring sight of a man bun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s true that \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> gets as much wrong as it gets right. In actual 2021, we’re lacking electronic whips that can slice a man in two, and women aren’t walking around with pink hand grenades on key chains. (\u003cem>We wish!\u003c/em>) We don’t go to clubs to listen to opera singers backed by heavy metal guitars. We have neither computer chips in our brains, nor miniature fax machines in our pockets. And most of us wear much less latex. But it is genuinely surprising how much this quantifiably stupid movie understood about where the world would be at this very moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Truth be told, much of what we see in \u003cem>Johnny Mnemonic\u003c/em> that rings true are 2020 problems. But, in the end (spoiler alert!) Johnny, Jane, Ice-T and that magic dolphin I mentioned earlier \u003cem>do\u003c/em> figure out how to share the cure for the pandemic with the world. If there’s something about 2021 to cling to from this movie, it’s that. Minus the electro-dolphin, for reasons that should be obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13890809 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2021/01/dolphin.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"292\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>‘Johnny Mnemonic’ is streaming now on Hulu.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Bad(ass) Santa: Bizarre Legends From the Life of St. Nicholas",
"headTitle": "Bad(ass) Santa: Bizarre Legends From the Life of St. Nicholas | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>He sees you when you’re sleeping, he knows when you’re awake, and he’s the only home invader to be regularly greeted by cookies and a beverage. No wonder. According to many legends, the life of St. Nicholas was awash with heroic acts, miraculous saves and the kind of fiery temper we’re accustomed to admiring in our action heroes. Here are five legends that’ll make you see Santa in a whole new light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Saved Three Sisters From Slavery\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890135\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 744px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13890135\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Winschsantabiplane___Gallery.jpg\" alt=\"A Victorian depiction of Santa in a biplane, throwing gifts towards children standing at an open window.\" width=\"744\" height=\"446\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Winschsantabiplane___Gallery.jpg 744w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Winschsantabiplane___Gallery-160x96.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa hurling gifts at kids from his festive… biplane?\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Picture it: Turkey, 280 A.D. You’re a beautiful young Roman-Greek girl, the eldest of three sisters, and you wanna get hitched. But there’s a problem: your dad is poor as hell and your boyfriend’s family won’t agree to a marriage unless you have a dowry. In fact, \u003cem>no\u003c/em> families in the region will let their sons marry unless the bride shows up with a big ol’ bag of cash. Even worse than that, poor, unmarried women usually get forced into a life of (probably sexual) slavery. [aside postid='pop_107720']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naturally, the prospect of this is so devastating that all you and your sisters and dad do all day is lie around and cry about it. Then one night, a bag of gold gets pitched through your window and magically lands in a stocking that’s been hung to dry over the fireplace. You’re saved! You can marry your beau! Then, on two subsequent nights, more bags of gold arrive for your sisters. They’re saved too! Then your dad figures out where the gold came from—the new bishop in town. Turns out the holy man inherited great wealth in his teens, after his parents died of the plague. When your dad tries to tell him thanks, the humble bishop replies, “You must thank God alone for providing these gifts in answer to your prayers for deliverance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That bishop was a young St. Nicholas, and is the reason Santa’s now expected to fill every stocking on Earth each Dec. 25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Saved Three Boys From Being Eaten\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890134\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13890134\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM-800x502.png\" alt=\"Four classic depictions of St. Nicholas saving three boys from being pickled in a barrel.\" width=\"800\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM-800x502.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM-160x100.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM-768x482.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM.png 821w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four classic depictions of St. Nicholas saving three boys from being pickled in a barrel.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since the ninth century, numerous sources and paintings have suggested that St. Nick resurrected three murdered boys whose flesh was to be sold as meat. (I know, I know—there was a famine or something.) The children were apparently tricked by an evil innkeeper, and chopped up and pickled in a barrel. When the innkeeper tried to pass off the meat as ham in order to sell it, St. Nicholas realized evil was afoot, cried out to God, and raised the children from the dead. [aside postid='arts_13872372']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1948, Benjamin Britten and Eric Crozier immortalized the gory incident in their cantata \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wXSm0OpYR4&t=113s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Saint Nicholas\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. The seventh movement sees the parents of the murdered boys sitting down and getting ready to unwittingly eat their own offspring, when Nicholas intervenes. After instructing them, “O do not taste, O do not feed on sin,” St. Nick revives the boys with the following words: “Timothy, Mark and John / Put your fleshly garments on!” (Catchy!) The boys arrive just moments later, holding hands and singing, “Alleluia to their King!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No word on what happened to that damn cannibal innkeeper, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Was an Exorcist\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890142\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 761px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13890142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-1.11.11-PM.png\" alt=\"Two depictions of Saint Nicholas working alongside Krampus in chains.\" width=\"761\" height=\"478\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-1.11.11-PM.png 761w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-1.11.11-PM-160x100.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 761px) 100vw, 761px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two depictions of Saint Nicholas working alongside Krampus in chains.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>St. Nicholas was said to be masterful at both demon taming and expulsion. \u003ca href=\"https://www.stnicholascenter.org/who-is-st-nicholas/stories-legends/traditional-stories/early-miracles/come-out\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Blessing the possessed\u003c/a>, book of gospels in hand, was all in a day’s work for Nick. He was so good, he’s even said to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.stnicholascenter.org/who-is-st-nicholas/stories-legends/traditional-stories/early-miracles/demons-be-gone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expelled demons\u003c/a> from a Cypress tree in the village of Plakoma. (All he had to do was swing an axe and off they went.) Which is why, for centuries, Santa has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.stnicholascenter.org/around-the-world/who-travels-with-st-nicholas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">depicted\u003c/a> in some parts of the world (particularly Slovakia, Austria, the Czech Republic and Bavaria) alongside a chained \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krampus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Krampus\u003c/a>. Sure, Santa keeps the bad guy on hand to deal with naughty children, but he keeps that demon-goat restrained so as not to harm the good ones. Totally reasonable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Saved His People From Famine Using Only Psychic Powers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890137\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13890137\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"A Victorian Christmas card depicts Santa with large, mesmerizing eyes and fluffy white beard.\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-768x480.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-1536x960.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8.jpg 1676w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Look into my eyes… You are feeling very, very sleepy…”\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When famine was raging in ancient Lycia (the region of southwest Turkey where he lived), St. Nick was determined to save his people from starvation. One night, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.stnicholascenter.org/who-is-st-nicholas/stories-legends/traditional-stories/life-of-nicholas/famine-relief\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">psychically located a merchant\u003c/a> in Italy (don’t ask questions) who was about to set sail for Egypt with a ship full of grain. Nicholas appeared to the merchant in a dream and bribed him with three gold coins, magically transferring them into the merchant’s hand while he was sleeping three countries away. (Again, don’t ask questions.) Nicholas told the merchant to bring the grain to Turkey, and sell it there instead. Scared and surprised, the man did as he was told, saved the Lycians, and told all who would listen the magical reason for his unexpected journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Slapped a Priest For Jesus\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890139\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13890139\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM-800x618.png\" alt=\"St. Nick slapping down the priest Arius for talking smack about Jesus, in art by Alexander Boguslawski.\" width=\"800\" height=\"618\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM-800x618.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM-160x124.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM-768x593.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM.png 892w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">St. Nick slapping down the priest Arius for talking smack about Jesus, in art by Alexander Boguslawski. \u003ccite>(StNicholasCenter.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='pop_97685']The most \u003ca href=\"https://charlotteriggle.com/st-nicholas-and-arius-at-the-council-of-nicea/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">controversial\u003c/a> moment in St. Nick’s backstory occurred when he was naughty in Nicea. Three hundred bishops and 1,700 other holy men had met in the Greek city to discuss the scriptures. When a priest named Arius was given the floor, much of the crowd was angered by his assertion that Jesus Christ was not equal to God the Father. Nicholas was apparently the most enraged of all, because he promptly approached Arius and slapped him across the face. Embarrassed by the outburst, the other bishops threw Nick in a dungeon. He didn’t stay in there for long. After a number of the holy men dreamed of Nick in his jail cell that night, accompanied by both Jesus and Mary, they decided to free him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>God bless us, everyone! (Except for child picklers, obviously…)\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>He sees you when you’re sleeping, he knows when you’re awake, and he’s the only home invader to be regularly greeted by cookies and a beverage. No wonder. According to many legends, the life of St. Nicholas was awash with heroic acts, miraculous saves and the kind of fiery temper we’re accustomed to admiring in our action heroes. Here are five legends that’ll make you see Santa in a whole new light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Saved Three Sisters From Slavery\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890135\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 744px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13890135\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Winschsantabiplane___Gallery.jpg\" alt=\"A Victorian depiction of Santa in a biplane, throwing gifts towards children standing at an open window.\" width=\"744\" height=\"446\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Winschsantabiplane___Gallery.jpg 744w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Winschsantabiplane___Gallery-160x96.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa hurling gifts at kids from his festive… biplane?\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Picture it: Turkey, 280 A.D. You’re a beautiful young Roman-Greek girl, the eldest of three sisters, and you wanna get hitched. But there’s a problem: your dad is poor as hell and your boyfriend’s family won’t agree to a marriage unless you have a dowry. In fact, \u003cem>no\u003c/em> families in the region will let their sons marry unless the bride shows up with a big ol’ bag of cash. Even worse than that, poor, unmarried women usually get forced into a life of (probably sexual) slavery. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naturally, the prospect of this is so devastating that all you and your sisters and dad do all day is lie around and cry about it. Then one night, a bag of gold gets pitched through your window and magically lands in a stocking that’s been hung to dry over the fireplace. You’re saved! You can marry your beau! Then, on two subsequent nights, more bags of gold arrive for your sisters. They’re saved too! Then your dad figures out where the gold came from—the new bishop in town. Turns out the holy man inherited great wealth in his teens, after his parents died of the plague. When your dad tries to tell him thanks, the humble bishop replies, “You must thank God alone for providing these gifts in answer to your prayers for deliverance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That bishop was a young St. Nicholas, and is the reason Santa’s now expected to fill every stocking on Earth each Dec. 25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Saved Three Boys From Being Eaten\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890134\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13890134\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM-800x502.png\" alt=\"Four classic depictions of St. Nicholas saving three boys from being pickled in a barrel.\" width=\"800\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM-800x502.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM-160x100.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM-768x482.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-10.56.00-AM.png 821w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four classic depictions of St. Nicholas saving three boys from being pickled in a barrel.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since the ninth century, numerous sources and paintings have suggested that St. Nick resurrected three murdered boys whose flesh was to be sold as meat. (I know, I know—there was a famine or something.) The children were apparently tricked by an evil innkeeper, and chopped up and pickled in a barrel. When the innkeeper tried to pass off the meat as ham in order to sell it, St. Nicholas realized evil was afoot, cried out to God, and raised the children from the dead. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1948, Benjamin Britten and Eric Crozier immortalized the gory incident in their cantata \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wXSm0OpYR4&t=113s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Saint Nicholas\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. The seventh movement sees the parents of the murdered boys sitting down and getting ready to unwittingly eat their own offspring, when Nicholas intervenes. After instructing them, “O do not taste, O do not feed on sin,” St. Nick revives the boys with the following words: “Timothy, Mark and John / Put your fleshly garments on!” (Catchy!) The boys arrive just moments later, holding hands and singing, “Alleluia to their King!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No word on what happened to that damn cannibal innkeeper, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Was an Exorcist\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890142\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 761px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13890142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-1.11.11-PM.png\" alt=\"Two depictions of Saint Nicholas working alongside Krampus in chains.\" width=\"761\" height=\"478\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-1.11.11-PM.png 761w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-1.11.11-PM-160x100.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 761px) 100vw, 761px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two depictions of Saint Nicholas working alongside Krampus in chains.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>St. Nicholas was said to be masterful at both demon taming and expulsion. \u003ca href=\"https://www.stnicholascenter.org/who-is-st-nicholas/stories-legends/traditional-stories/early-miracles/come-out\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Blessing the possessed\u003c/a>, book of gospels in hand, was all in a day’s work for Nick. He was so good, he’s even said to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.stnicholascenter.org/who-is-st-nicholas/stories-legends/traditional-stories/early-miracles/demons-be-gone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">expelled demons\u003c/a> from a Cypress tree in the village of Plakoma. (All he had to do was swing an axe and off they went.) Which is why, for centuries, Santa has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.stnicholascenter.org/around-the-world/who-travels-with-st-nicholas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">depicted\u003c/a> in some parts of the world (particularly Slovakia, Austria, the Czech Republic and Bavaria) alongside a chained \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krampus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Krampus\u003c/a>. Sure, Santa keeps the bad guy on hand to deal with naughty children, but he keeps that demon-goat restrained so as not to harm the good ones. Totally reasonable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Saved His People From Famine Using Only Psychic Powers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890137\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13890137\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-800x500.jpg\" alt=\"A Victorian Christmas card depicts Santa with large, mesmerizing eyes and fluffy white beard.\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-768x480.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8-1536x960.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/SantaPostcardPurple-589d25463df78c4758bb1ad8.jpg 1676w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Look into my eyes… You are feeling very, very sleepy…”\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When famine was raging in ancient Lycia (the region of southwest Turkey where he lived), St. Nick was determined to save his people from starvation. One night, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.stnicholascenter.org/who-is-st-nicholas/stories-legends/traditional-stories/life-of-nicholas/famine-relief\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">psychically located a merchant\u003c/a> in Italy (don’t ask questions) who was about to set sail for Egypt with a ship full of grain. Nicholas appeared to the merchant in a dream and bribed him with three gold coins, magically transferring them into the merchant’s hand while he was sleeping three countries away. (Again, don’t ask questions.) Nicholas told the merchant to bring the grain to Turkey, and sell it there instead. Scared and surprised, the man did as he was told, saved the Lycians, and told all who would listen the magical reason for his unexpected journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>He Slapped a Priest For Jesus\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13890139\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13890139\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM-800x618.png\" alt=\"St. Nick slapping down the priest Arius for talking smack about Jesus, in art by Alexander Boguslawski.\" width=\"800\" height=\"618\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM-800x618.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM-160x124.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM-768x593.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-09-at-11.38.02-AM.png 892w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">St. Nick slapping down the priest Arius for talking smack about Jesus, in art by Alexander Boguslawski. \u003ccite>(StNicholasCenter.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The most \u003ca href=\"https://charlotteriggle.com/st-nicholas-and-arius-at-the-council-of-nicea/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">controversial\u003c/a> moment in St. Nick’s backstory occurred when he was naughty in Nicea. Three hundred bishops and 1,700 other holy men had met in the Greek city to discuss the scriptures. When a priest named Arius was given the floor, much of the crowd was angered by his assertion that Jesus Christ was not equal to God the Father. Nicholas was apparently the most enraged of all, because he promptly approached Arius and slapped him across the face. Embarrassed by the outburst, the other bishops threw Nick in a dungeon. He didn’t stay in there for long. After a number of the holy men dreamed of Nick in his jail cell that night, accompanied by both Jesus and Mary, they decided to free him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>God bless us, everyone! (Except for child picklers, obviously…)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Watch Leonard Nimoy Scare the Crap Out of America Over the Y2K Bug",
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"content": "\u003cp>Looking forward to this year’s New Year’s Eve? No. Of course you’re not. The only way we’re allowed to celebrate the end of this most heinous year is to stay in, and do what we’ve been doing for the rest of 2020—Netflix and binge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as you spend Dec. 31 hanging out indoors, with bad hair and 10 lbs. of shelter-in-place weight, just know that things could be infinitely worse. How, you ask? Well, for one, you could also have Leonard Nimoy in your face telling you planes are going to start falling out of the sky at midnight. For that is exactly what he was doing 21 years ago when “\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/congressional-report/105th-congress/house-report/827/1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Year 2000 problem\u003c/a>” (as one Congressional report called it) already had much of America in a panic. [aside postid='arts_13874920']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nimoy’s 1998 instructional video, \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0482640/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The Y2K Family Survival Guide\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, is now a perfect (and hilarious) relic of the time. The hour-long exploration of the impending Y2K disaster is soundtracked by non-stop doom synthesizer, and awash with very confidently-stated conjecture. (The disaster is “inevitable,” according to one pundit here.) Happily, the film is now available on YouTube for your viewing pleasure—which is handy, given that a \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Y2K-Family-Survival-Guide-VHS/dp/6305300224\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VHS copy\u003c/a> is currently for sale on Amazon for $98.89. (Frankly, that’s not even overpriced. Nimoy’s over-earnest musings and his guests’ hyperbolic ramblings make it worth every penny.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How fragile do we find ourselves against the juggernaut of our own inventions?” Nimoy queries. “We recall the fate of Atlantis … Have we allowed our own highly advanced technological innovations to far outpace our human abilities to control those innovations?” (\u003cem>The robots are going to kill us and we have only ourselves to blame!\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nimoy, in full Spock mode, then launches into a laundry list of everything that could possibly go wrong if computer systems reach the year 2000 and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/Y2K-bug/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">incorrectly register the year\u003c/a> as 1900. Dramatically interspersed with the sounds of happy crowds counting down to midnight (no, really), Nimoy utters the longest sentence ever committed to videotape. It goes like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In dead of winter, at the stroke of midnight, January 1st, 2000, elevators may stop, heat may vanish, credit cards and ATMs may cease to function, airplanes and trains may come to a halt, telephones and televisions may not utter a sound, water delivery systems may not deliver water for cooking, drinking or bathing, streetlights, stoplights, lights in buildings everywhere may flicker out, hospitals, clinics, pharmacies may be unable to provide proper medical care, banks and stock markets around the world may suffer some form of meltdown, and nuclear power plants may cease to generate the electricity we need for all aspects of our daily lives.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>(“May” being the key word here. He could just as accurately have said “may not.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nimoy seems perfectly sensible here next to the ramshackle team of featured pundits. Most of them lack credibility, and the film knows so, noting: “There are no Y2K experts because nothing like this has ever occurred before in the history of humankind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three of these commentators are an absolute dream every time they show up. One guy (who never even gets a formal introduction) is interviewed in front of a wall of large containers labeled ‘Future Food’ and ‘Preparedness Mart.’ He advises: “The people that are going to get a gun and a year’s supply of food and run to the mountains will find a lot of other people with guns in the mountains,\u003cem> in a bad mood\u003c/em>. So it’s best to stay in your community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, Bob. That sounds right. [aside postid='arts_13879872']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s Ted Knight, a British ex-Special Forces guy who describes himself as “a family safety preparedness consultant.” Initially, Knight makes himself useful, offering tips about food, water, toilets, lights, medication, cash, heirlooms and important paperwork. He advises people to stock up on puzzles (\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13879872/dont-worry-your-new-jigsaw-puzzle-obsession-is-perfectly-normal\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">hello, 2020!\u003c/a>\u003c/em>) and even manages to utter the sentence “Need for flushing water is number two” without snickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Knight also has a brain that seems prone to malfunctioning. He adopts a deeply authoritative manner before uttering this absolute twaddle:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Y2K is a computer problem but it’s going to face the individual with their own reality. Whatever that reality is, it’s going to face you, face-to-face with a mirror, and in that mirror is going to be you.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Sure, Ted. Whatever you say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My other favorite white guy here (for there are many) is a pastor who seems doggedly determined to leverage Y2K to get more people into his congregation. “If the immediate response is to buy machine guns and camouflage and lock ourselves off from our neighbors,” he says, “well what’s happening is, what’s in the human heart is boiling to the surface. That’s why Christians have got to challenge that whole mentality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, directly after Ted Knight has been very firm about needing to stock up on enough food and water for six weeks, the pastor pops back up and announces: “There’s no way any one family could lay aside enough food, enough resources to survive this thing on their own.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, Pastor Stephen. Everyone needs to go to your church. [aside postid='arts_13884491']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching the \u003cem>Y2K Family Survival Guide\u003c/em> in 2020, in the middle of a global pandemic, is extraordinary on a number of levels. It’s a trip back to a simpler time when reasons to worry were so thin on the ground that we actively invented them. It’s a reminder that, actually, (most) Americans are much better at keeping calm and carrying on than we were given credit for 21 years ago. And, most of all, it’s proof that 2020 isn’t the scariest New Year’s Eve in recent memory. (The acoustic ballad about “perpetual night” that closes the \u003cem>Y2K Family Survival Guide\u003c/em> really solidifies the overall vibe.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enjoy the surreal magnificence for yourself, in full, below. Then enjoy your New Year’s Eve, safe and indoors (and minus a basement full of guns and dehydrated food).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEhEQEG43RU\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Looking forward to this year’s New Year’s Eve? No. Of course you’re not. The only way we’re allowed to celebrate the end of this most heinous year is to stay in, and do what we’ve been doing for the rest of 2020—Netflix and binge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as you spend Dec. 31 hanging out indoors, with bad hair and 10 lbs. of shelter-in-place weight, just know that things could be infinitely worse. How, you ask? Well, for one, you could also have Leonard Nimoy in your face telling you planes are going to start falling out of the sky at midnight. For that is exactly what he was doing 21 years ago when “\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/congressional-report/105th-congress/house-report/827/1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Year 2000 problem\u003c/a>” (as one Congressional report called it) already had much of America in a panic. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nimoy’s 1998 instructional video, \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0482640/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The Y2K Family Survival Guide\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, is now a perfect (and hilarious) relic of the time. The hour-long exploration of the impending Y2K disaster is soundtracked by non-stop doom synthesizer, and awash with very confidently-stated conjecture. (The disaster is “inevitable,” according to one pundit here.) Happily, the film is now available on YouTube for your viewing pleasure—which is handy, given that a \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Y2K-Family-Survival-Guide-VHS/dp/6305300224\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VHS copy\u003c/a> is currently for sale on Amazon for $98.89. (Frankly, that’s not even overpriced. Nimoy’s over-earnest musings and his guests’ hyperbolic ramblings make it worth every penny.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How fragile do we find ourselves against the juggernaut of our own inventions?” Nimoy queries. “We recall the fate of Atlantis … Have we allowed our own highly advanced technological innovations to far outpace our human abilities to control those innovations?” (\u003cem>The robots are going to kill us and we have only ourselves to blame!\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nimoy, in full Spock mode, then launches into a laundry list of everything that could possibly go wrong if computer systems reach the year 2000 and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/Y2K-bug/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">incorrectly register the year\u003c/a> as 1900. Dramatically interspersed with the sounds of happy crowds counting down to midnight (no, really), Nimoy utters the longest sentence ever committed to videotape. It goes like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In dead of winter, at the stroke of midnight, January 1st, 2000, elevators may stop, heat may vanish, credit cards and ATMs may cease to function, airplanes and trains may come to a halt, telephones and televisions may not utter a sound, water delivery systems may not deliver water for cooking, drinking or bathing, streetlights, stoplights, lights in buildings everywhere may flicker out, hospitals, clinics, pharmacies may be unable to provide proper medical care, banks and stock markets around the world may suffer some form of meltdown, and nuclear power plants may cease to generate the electricity we need for all aspects of our daily lives.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>(“May” being the key word here. He could just as accurately have said “may not.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nimoy seems perfectly sensible here next to the ramshackle team of featured pundits. Most of them lack credibility, and the film knows so, noting: “There are no Y2K experts because nothing like this has ever occurred before in the history of humankind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three of these commentators are an absolute dream every time they show up. One guy (who never even gets a formal introduction) is interviewed in front of a wall of large containers labeled ‘Future Food’ and ‘Preparedness Mart.’ He advises: “The people that are going to get a gun and a year’s supply of food and run to the mountains will find a lot of other people with guns in the mountains,\u003cem> in a bad mood\u003c/em>. So it’s best to stay in your community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, Bob. That sounds right. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s Ted Knight, a British ex-Special Forces guy who describes himself as “a family safety preparedness consultant.” Initially, Knight makes himself useful, offering tips about food, water, toilets, lights, medication, cash, heirlooms and important paperwork. He advises people to stock up on puzzles (\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13879872/dont-worry-your-new-jigsaw-puzzle-obsession-is-perfectly-normal\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">hello, 2020!\u003c/a>\u003c/em>) and even manages to utter the sentence “Need for flushing water is number two” without snickering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Knight also has a brain that seems prone to malfunctioning. He adopts a deeply authoritative manner before uttering this absolute twaddle:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Y2K is a computer problem but it’s going to face the individual with their own reality. Whatever that reality is, it’s going to face you, face-to-face with a mirror, and in that mirror is going to be you.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Sure, Ted. Whatever you say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My other favorite white guy here (for there are many) is a pastor who seems doggedly determined to leverage Y2K to get more people into his congregation. “If the immediate response is to buy machine guns and camouflage and lock ourselves off from our neighbors,” he says, “well what’s happening is, what’s in the human heart is boiling to the surface. That’s why Christians have got to challenge that whole mentality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, directly after Ted Knight has been very firm about needing to stock up on enough food and water for six weeks, the pastor pops back up and announces: “There’s no way any one family could lay aside enough food, enough resources to survive this thing on their own.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, Pastor Stephen. Everyone needs to go to your church. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching the \u003cem>Y2K Family Survival Guide\u003c/em> in 2020, in the middle of a global pandemic, is extraordinary on a number of levels. It’s a trip back to a simpler time when reasons to worry were so thin on the ground that we actively invented them. It’s a reminder that, actually, (most) Americans are much better at keeping calm and carrying on than we were given credit for 21 years ago. And, most of all, it’s proof that 2020 isn’t the scariest New Year’s Eve in recent memory. (The acoustic ballad about “perpetual night” that closes the \u003cem>Y2K Family Survival Guide\u003c/em> really solidifies the overall vibe.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enjoy the surreal magnificence for yourself, in full, below. Then enjoy your New Year’s Eve, safe and indoors (and minus a basement full of guns and dehydrated food).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Heartbreaking and Hopeful, 'Ammonite' is a Wind-Swept Tale of Forbidden Love",
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"content": "\u003cp>Back in 2017, the English writer and director Francis Lee made a wrenching drama, called\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/10/26/559505214/pent-up-passions-go-free-range-in-god-s-own-country\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> \u003cem>God’s Own Country\u003c/em>,\u003c/a> that I wish more people had seen. It told the story of two isolated young men on the rugged moors of North Yorkshire, tending a flock of sheep and falling passionately in love—sort of like a British \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5046247\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Brokeback Mountain\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, only a lot more explicit and with a much happier ending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Lee has made another gorgeous wind-swept tale of forbidden love, this one set in the 1840s and centered on two women. It’s called \u003cem>Ammonite\u003c/em>, and it feels like a step up in scale and ambition, partly because it’s about real-life figures, and partly because it stars Kate Winslet and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/24/790812857/saoirse-ronan-playing-jo-march-in-little-women-was-a-confidence-boost\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Saoirse Ronan\u003c/a>. But Lee’s filmmaking is still as raw, intimate and unhurried as it was in \u003cem>God’s Own Country\u003c/em>. He takes his time easing you into his characters’ world, which is important, since that world is not an easy place to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winslet plays Mary Anning, a self-taught paleontologist who was known for her groundbreaking fossil discoveries along the shores and cliffs of Lyme Regis, a sleepy town in the English county of Dorset. The famous tongue-twister “She sells seashells by the seashore” is said to have been inspired by Anning, who sold many of her fossils, including those extinct mollusks known as ammonites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary is gruff and solitary, a kind of human hermit crab, who lives with her ailing mother, played by Gemma Jones. One day, an aspiring geologist named Roderick Murchison turns up, offering to pay Mary if she’ll let him accompany her on one of her fossil hunts. She reluctantly agrees, as she and her mother could use the money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mary gets more than she bargained for. Roderick abruptly takes off and pays Mary to look after his young wife, Charlotte, for several weeks. Charlotte, played by Ronan, is suffering from severe depression following a miscarriage. And while Mary finds her burdensome at first, she nurses the poor woman back to health. A spark soon ignites, and the two begin to enjoy each other’s company. Charlotte helps Mary with her work, which both fascinates and energizes her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AnDhlrs3XVM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, \u003cem>Ammonite\u003c/em> suggests a companion piece to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/05/784106216/portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire-painted-in-precise-subdued-brushstrokes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Portrait of a Lady on Fire\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>another 19th-century lesbian love story set against a stark coastal landscape. Both films also make important points about the intellectual achievements of women and the way so many of them have been ignored and even erased by men throughout history. In the movie, some of Mary’s most remarkable finds are displayed in museums under a man’s name—a nod to the fact that Anning herself was often denied credit for her work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlotte Murchison became a well-regarded geologist herself, and while she and Anning were close friends, it’s unclear if they were really lovers. \u003cem>Ammonite\u003c/em> is a free imagining of Mary’s romantic life, and historical accuracy aside, it’s gripping stuff: The erotic tension builds with such exquisite deliberation that when it finally erupts, the force of it practically shatters the screen. Ronan and Winslet give the sex scenes a startling physicality, which is fitting, since the entire film is so intensely physical. Lee’s camera shows us a way of life sustained by nonstop manual labor: He’s particularly attentive to the roughness of Mary’s hands, whether she’s preparing food, digging up rocks on the beach or sketching in her notebooks into the wee hours of the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are fine supporting performances from Alec Secareanu as a charming village doctor, and from the great Fiona Shaw as a local apothecary who turns out to have some past romantic history with Mary. And Ronan is unsurprisingly good as Charlotte, whose love for Mary awakens in her a new sense of passion and purpose. But \u003cem>Ammonite\u003c/em> really belongs to Winslet, who gives her richest performance in years. She makes Mary a profound study in alienation and loneliness, ill at ease with other people and deeply protective of her secrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, it’s telling that it’s not neighborhood gossip or the stigma of homosexuality that threatens to keep these two women apart. It’s Mary’s need for control and her reluctance to let anyone into her carefully managed life. There’s something heartbreaking about that, but something radically hopeful, too, as she and Charlotte circle the possibility of a future together. \u003cem>Ammonite \u003c/em>may be set in the Victorian era, but it dares to envision a world in which women are ultimately free to make their own decisions, for themselves and for the ones they love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 Fresh Air. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fresh Air\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Heartbreaking+And+Hopeful%2C+%27Ammonite%27+Is+A+Wind-Swept+Tale+Of+Forbidden+Love&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/AnDhlrs3XVM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/AnDhlrs3XVM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>In some ways, \u003cem>Ammonite\u003c/em> suggests a companion piece to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/12/05/784106216/portrait-of-a-lady-on-fire-painted-in-precise-subdued-brushstrokes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Portrait of a Lady on Fire\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>another 19th-century lesbian love story set against a stark coastal landscape. Both films also make important points about the intellectual achievements of women and the way so many of them have been ignored and even erased by men throughout history. In the movie, some of Mary’s most remarkable finds are displayed in museums under a man’s name—a nod to the fact that Anning herself was often denied credit for her work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlotte Murchison became a well-regarded geologist herself, and while she and Anning were close friends, it’s unclear if they were really lovers. \u003cem>Ammonite\u003c/em> is a free imagining of Mary’s romantic life, and historical accuracy aside, it’s gripping stuff: The erotic tension builds with such exquisite deliberation that when it finally erupts, the force of it practically shatters the screen. Ronan and Winslet give the sex scenes a startling physicality, which is fitting, since the entire film is so intensely physical. Lee’s camera shows us a way of life sustained by nonstop manual labor: He’s particularly attentive to the roughness of Mary’s hands, whether she’s preparing food, digging up rocks on the beach or sketching in her notebooks into the wee hours of the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are fine supporting performances from Alec Secareanu as a charming village doctor, and from the great Fiona Shaw as a local apothecary who turns out to have some past romantic history with Mary. And Ronan is unsurprisingly good as Charlotte, whose love for Mary awakens in her a new sense of passion and purpose. But \u003cem>Ammonite\u003c/em> really belongs to Winslet, who gives her richest performance in years. She makes Mary a profound study in alienation and loneliness, ill at ease with other people and deeply protective of her secrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, it’s telling that it’s not neighborhood gossip or the stigma of homosexuality that threatens to keep these two women apart. It’s Mary’s need for control and her reluctance to let anyone into her carefully managed life. There’s something heartbreaking about that, but something radically hopeful, too, as she and Charlotte circle the possibility of a future together. \u003cem>Ammonite \u003c/em>may be set in the Victorian era, but it dares to envision a world in which women are ultimately free to make their own decisions, for themselves and for the ones they love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 Fresh Air. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fresh Air\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Heartbreaking+And+Hopeful%2C+%27Ammonite%27+Is+A+Wind-Swept+Tale+Of+Forbidden+Love&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Season 4 of 'The Crown' Introduces Princess Diana—And More Juicy Drama",
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"content": "\u003cp>The poet\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=7519773\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> W.H. Auden\u003c/a> once wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Private faces in public places\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are wiser and nicer\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Than public faces in private places.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>If any TV show bears that out, it’s surely \u003cem>The Crown\u003c/em>, the endlessly enticing Netflix drama about the reign of Queen Elizabeth II now entering its fourth season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/15/779686317/back-for-season-3-the-crown-may-just-be-the-most-delicious-series-on-tv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Season 3\u003c/a> was good, it felt a bit glum, with its characters congealing into middle age as Britain sank into grayness in the ’60s and ’70s. One kept hoping for more glamour, more sizzle. These resoundingly arrive in the new season, which centers on the three biggest British icons of the past 50 years—all of whom happen to be female.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action gets started around 1980 when the queen—now in her mid-50s and still played by Olivia Colman—greets the arrival of two women who threaten her preeminence. First comes \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/04/08/176586024/five-things-to-know-about-margaret-thatcher\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Margaret Thatcher\u003c/a>, the steely grocer’s daughter (played by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2013/12/07/249240231/gillian-anderson-on-the-fall-and-getting-arrested-in-high-school\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gillian Anderson\u003c/a>) whose sheer relentlessness made her not only Britain’s first female prime minister, but the most polarizing figure ever to occupy No. 10 Downing Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly thereafter, Prince Charles—played superbly by Josh O’Connor—meets a fetching, well-born teenager named Diana Spencer, played in a star-making turn by Emma Corrin. Though Charles is in love with the married Camilla Parker Bowles, he’s under pressure to marry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the scene thus set, the next few years unfold in a procession of events large and small: stag hunts and avalanches, dinner speeches and press leaks, mass unemployment and apartheid, royal tours of Australia and war in the Falklands. We see the emotional wreckage of Princess Margaret, played with wounded bitterness by Helena Bonham-Carter, and most famously, the “fairy-tale romance” between Charles and Diana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OiXEpminPms\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The show’s creator and main writer Peter Morgan has always cared as much about being entertaining as being historically serious, and this season is filled with juicy scenes. Yet beneath the glossy pleasures, it quietly lays out big themes and conflicts. At issue are wildly differing visions of Britain, of royalty, of womanhood and of power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The queen’s central conflict is with Thatcher, whose almost self-parodic intransigence Anderson manages to humanize without softening. In often-funny scenes awash in hauteur and side-eye, the two take turns annoying and appalling one another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thatcher sees Her Majesty as a privileged idler who didn’t earn her lofty position and whose ideas of noblesse oblige are sentimental and out of touch. In return, the queen sees Thatcher as a joyless bully who views Britain not as a family but as an oversized shop, showing no compassion for the millions thrown out of work by her economic shock therapy. They’re both absolutely right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more sympathetic is, of course, the queen—unless you belong to her inner circle. When family members come desperately begging for help—Margaret needs purpose, Charles needs praise, Diana needs warmth—the well-meaning Elizabeth shuts down. Faced with disturbing emotion, Colman’s face lets us watch the queen’s soul escape into a psychological panic room hidden somewhere in her skull. From there, she’s only able to mutter bromides about duty and the monarchy that she herself finds oppressive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I know that what you really want to hear about is Diana. At first, I worried that she would be impossible to play. How could any actress bottle the particular magic that let her wow the world? In fact, Corrin is startlingly good at capturing the princess’ charismatic shimmer. Her Diana is silly and eager for attention—she adores playing to the public and basking in its affection. Yet this winsome young woman also exudes warmth, decency and fun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such virtues leave her sadly unprepared for the bulimia-inducing loneliness that devours her from the moment she gets engaged to Charles, who might be pitiable were he not so self-pitying. He passes the royal family’s lovelessness on to Diana, resenting her popularity and leaving her to fend for herself as he continues to carry on with Camilla. Their vaunted fairy-tale romance turns out to have been scripted not by Disney but by the Brothers Grimm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every season of \u003cem>The Crown\u003c/em> seems to have a victim. Over the course of 10 episodes, the People’s Princess—as Tony Blair dubbed her—learns the hard lesson already learned by Prince Philip, Princess Margaret, Prince Charles, Princess Anne and many others during the show’s previous seasons. Nobody at Buckingham Palace cares whether you’re happy in private, only whether your public face helps assure the future of the crown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 Fresh Air. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fresh Air\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Season+4+Of+%27The+Crown%27+Introduces+Princess+Diana+%E2%80%94+And+More+Juicy+Drama&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The poet\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=7519773\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> W.H. Auden\u003c/a> once wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Private faces in public places\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are wiser and nicer\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Than public faces in private places.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>If any TV show bears that out, it’s surely \u003cem>The Crown\u003c/em>, the endlessly enticing Netflix drama about the reign of Queen Elizabeth II now entering its fourth season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/11/15/779686317/back-for-season-3-the-crown-may-just-be-the-most-delicious-series-on-tv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Season 3\u003c/a> was good, it felt a bit glum, with its characters congealing into middle age as Britain sank into grayness in the ’60s and ’70s. One kept hoping for more glamour, more sizzle. These resoundingly arrive in the new season, which centers on the three biggest British icons of the past 50 years—all of whom happen to be female.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action gets started around 1980 when the queen—now in her mid-50s and still played by Olivia Colman—greets the arrival of two women who threaten her preeminence. First comes \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/04/08/176586024/five-things-to-know-about-margaret-thatcher\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Margaret Thatcher\u003c/a>, the steely grocer’s daughter (played by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2013/12/07/249240231/gillian-anderson-on-the-fall-and-getting-arrested-in-high-school\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gillian Anderson\u003c/a>) whose sheer relentlessness made her not only Britain’s first female prime minister, but the most polarizing figure ever to occupy No. 10 Downing Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly thereafter, Prince Charles—played superbly by Josh O’Connor—meets a fetching, well-born teenager named Diana Spencer, played in a star-making turn by Emma Corrin. Though Charles is in love with the married Camilla Parker Bowles, he’s under pressure to marry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the scene thus set, the next few years unfold in a procession of events large and small: stag hunts and avalanches, dinner speeches and press leaks, mass unemployment and apartheid, royal tours of Australia and war in the Falklands. We see the emotional wreckage of Princess Margaret, played with wounded bitterness by Helena Bonham-Carter, and most famously, the “fairy-tale romance” between Charles and Diana.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/OiXEpminPms'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/OiXEpminPms'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The show’s creator and main writer Peter Morgan has always cared as much about being entertaining as being historically serious, and this season is filled with juicy scenes. Yet beneath the glossy pleasures, it quietly lays out big themes and conflicts. At issue are wildly differing visions of Britain, of royalty, of womanhood and of power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The queen’s central conflict is with Thatcher, whose almost self-parodic intransigence Anderson manages to humanize without softening. In often-funny scenes awash in hauteur and side-eye, the two take turns annoying and appalling one another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thatcher sees Her Majesty as a privileged idler who didn’t earn her lofty position and whose ideas of noblesse oblige are sentimental and out of touch. In return, the queen sees Thatcher as a joyless bully who views Britain not as a family but as an oversized shop, showing no compassion for the millions thrown out of work by her economic shock therapy. They’re both absolutely right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more sympathetic is, of course, the queen—unless you belong to her inner circle. When family members come desperately begging for help—Margaret needs purpose, Charles needs praise, Diana needs warmth—the well-meaning Elizabeth shuts down. Faced with disturbing emotion, Colman’s face lets us watch the queen’s soul escape into a psychological panic room hidden somewhere in her skull. From there, she’s only able to mutter bromides about duty and the monarchy that she herself finds oppressive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I know that what you really want to hear about is Diana. At first, I worried that she would be impossible to play. How could any actress bottle the particular magic that let her wow the world? In fact, Corrin is startlingly good at capturing the princess’ charismatic shimmer. Her Diana is silly and eager for attention—she adores playing to the public and basking in its affection. Yet this winsome young woman also exudes warmth, decency and fun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such virtues leave her sadly unprepared for the bulimia-inducing loneliness that devours her from the moment she gets engaged to Charles, who might be pitiable were he not so self-pitying. He passes the royal family’s lovelessness on to Diana, resenting her popularity and leaving her to fend for herself as he continues to carry on with Camilla. Their vaunted fairy-tale romance turns out to have been scripted not by Disney but by the Brothers Grimm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every season of \u003cem>The Crown\u003c/em> seems to have a victim. Over the course of 10 episodes, the People’s Princess—as Tony Blair dubbed her—learns the hard lesson already learned by Prince Philip, Princess Margaret, Prince Charles, Princess Anne and many others during the show’s previous seasons. Nobody at Buckingham Palace cares whether you’re happy in private, only whether your public face helps assure the future of the crown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 Fresh Air. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fresh Air\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Season+4+Of+%27The+Crown%27+Introduces+Princess+Diana+%E2%80%94+And+More+Juicy+Drama&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Don’t Panic: American Elections Have Always Been a Frickin’ Mess",
"headTitle": "Don’t Panic: American Elections Have Always Been a Frickin’ Mess | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The 2020 election is weird, to put it mildly. We’ve got a deadly pandemic limiting how many people feel safe voting in person. We’ve got fears around whether or not the USPS is capable of coping with an increase in mail ballots. We’ve got a president who has repeatedly refused to agree to a peaceful transfer of power. And we are facing election results that will likely take days to finalize instead of hours. It all feels very—to use the word that sums up almost everything in 2020—unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, here’s a newsflash: It’s not.[aside postid='pop_20516']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elections have been a mess in America ever since George Washington—a man who no longer even wanted to be president—was pressured into running \u003cem>unopposed\u003c/em> in 1792. (His insistence on retiring four years later is what led to our current two-term limit.) President James Monroe also ran without a major opponent in \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1820_United_States_presidential_election\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1820\u003c/a>. Two hundred years later, at least we have two people to choose from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some other presidential elections from American history that make this one look slightly less unhinged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1800: The Tied Election\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888536\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 766px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888536\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.24.53-AM.png\" alt=\"Thomas Jefferson.\" width=\"766\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.24.53-AM.png 766w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.24.53-AM-160x98.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 766px) 100vw, 766px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thomas Jefferson.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This year’s election cycle too long for ya? Think of the patient Americans who had to sit through 1800’s seven-month-long election (it ran from April to October), only to learn it had ended in a tie. At the time, the voting structure involved picking two candidates—the winner would be president, the runner-up vice president. When Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied, it was left up to the House of Representatives to pick a winner. After seven days and 35 different ballots, Jefferson was declared president, with Burr as his vice. The process was so convoluted, the results weren’t declared until Feb. 7, 1801. (If you need more juicy details, this is all covered in \u003cem>Hamilton\u003c/em>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1824: The (First) President Who Ignored the Popular Vote\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888537\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 758px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888537\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.26.40-AM.png\" alt=\"John Quincy Adams.\" width=\"758\" height=\"459\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.26.40-AM.png 758w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.26.40-AM-160x97.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Quincy Adams.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1824’s presidential election, Andrew Jackson won the popular vote. He lost the presidency to John Quincy Adams, however, after then-speaker of the house Henry Clay cast a tie-breaking vote to ensure Adams was declared president instead. Clay’s motivations for the move became clear after Adams promoted him to secretary of state. The much-displeased Jackson and his supporters accused them of a “corrupt bargain.” Which sounds pretty accurate, until you consider the fact that only 3.4% of Americans were permitted to vote, and all of them were rich white men, so … a belief the electoral process as “fair” to begin with is a bit rich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1828: The (First) Bitchy Election\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888538\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 665px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888538\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.27.48-AM.png\" alt=\"Andrew Jackson.\" width=\"665\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.27.48-AM.png 665w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.27.48-AM-160x105.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew Jackson.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oh, hey! It’s John Quincy Adams again! When faced with his old opponent Andrew Jackson in the 1828 election, Adams went after Jackson’s wife, Rachel, referring to the couple as “a convicted adulteress and her paramour husband.” He was referring to the fact that the Jacksons accidentally got married before Rachel’s divorce was finalized. Then came “The Coffin Handbills”—leaflets that accused Jackson of massacring Native people during the War of 1812, executing deserters, and enjoying duels just a little bit too much. (He was involved in about 100 of them, so … yeah, probably.) Soon after, Virginia Congressman John Taliaferro piled on and accused Jackson of cannibalism. Jackson hit back by accusing Adams of sending an American girl to perform sex acts on a Russian czar. Adams also got (falsely) accused of making the government pay for his billiard table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Jackson won in a landslide. Still, the bitterness remained. When Rachel Jackson died before his inauguration, Jackson accused Adams of having a hand in her death, via the stress caused by the bigamy accusations. “May God Almighty forgive her murderers as I know she forgave them,” Jackson said at her funeral. “I never can.” Needless to say, Jackson refused to meet with the outgoing president, as was customary. And Adams refused to go Jackson’s inauguration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1872: The Presidential Candidate Who Died\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888539\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 680px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888539\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.29.34-AM.png\" alt=\"Horace Greeley.\" width=\"680\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.29.34-AM.png 680w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.29.34-AM-160x92.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Horace Greeley.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before his second term, President Ulysses S. Grant was up against Democrat Horace Greeley, the founder and editor of the \u003cem>New York Tribune\u003c/em>. Greeley, however, dropped dead before the electoral college votes had been cast. Grant ultimately sailed through with 286 of the votes, but Greeley got more support than anticipated, winning 44% of the popular vote (about 3 million ballots). Greeley remains the only presidential candidate in American history to die before a winner was declared. Strangely, his wife had died just one week before him. There is a semi-happy ending though: Grant successfully wiped out the Ku Klux Klan for 50 years with the Enforcement Act of 1871.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1876: The One Where Everyone Agreed to Screw Over Black People\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888540\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 765px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888540\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.31.41-AM.png\" alt=\"Rutherford B. Hayes.\" width=\"765\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.31.41-AM.png 765w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.31.41-AM-160x104.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rutherford B. Hayes.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Republican Rutherford B. Hayes and Democrat Samuel J. Tilden went head-to-head in 1876, the results were a total mess. This was because Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina couldn’t decide who to grant victory to. Subsequently, despite the fact that Tilden was the winner of the popular vote, Republicans and Democrats decided to come up with a shady deal to put Hayes in office. It was called the Compromise of 1877; it granted Hayes the presidency in exchange for withdrawing federal troops from the South. This, in effect, ended \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_era\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Reconstruction\u003c/a> and handed those states back to “Democratic Redeemers,” who immediately went about enacting Jim Crow laws and systematically stopping Black folks from voting. Thanks, white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1920: The Imprisoned Presidential Candidate\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888541\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 725px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888541\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.33.22-AM.png\" alt=\"Eugene V. Debs.\" width=\"725\" height=\"458\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.33.22-AM.png 725w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.33.22-AM-160x101.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 725px) 100vw, 725px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eugene V. Debs.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Socialist Party candidate Eugene V. Debs was serving 10 years in Atlanta’s Federal Penitentiary when he ran for President in 1920. Debs was imprisoned on espionage charges after vocally opposing World War I, and had previously been in and out of jail for his labor activism. 1920 was the fifth and last time Debs put himself forward as a presidential candidate. He won almost a million votes, taking third place after Republican Warren G. Harding and runner-up Democrat James Cox. The silver lining? One year into his term, President Harding commuted Debs’ sentence to time served.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2000: The State That Was Forced to Stop Counting Ballots\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888543\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13888543\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-800x582.jpg\" alt=\"Newspapers sit side by side at a newstand. 'The New York Post' proclaims Texas Gov. George W. Bush the winner of the presidential election, while the 'New York Daily News' says the election is 'Too Close.' November, 2000.\" width=\"800\" height=\"582\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-800x582.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-1020x742.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-768x559.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-1536x1118.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480.jpg 1619w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The New York Post’ proclaims Texas Gov. George W. Bush the winner of the presidential election, while the ‘New York Daily News’ is more circumspect in their front page assessment. November, 2000. \u003ccite>(HENNY RAY ABRAMS/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many of us are old (and scarred) enough to remember the raging nightmare that was the aftermath of the 2000 election between George W. Bush and Al Gore. On the first night, the results in New Mexico, Oregon and Florida were too close to call. Then, when it finally came down to just Florida, Gore and the Democrats contested close results in several counties. This triggered mandatory recounts. Then the Florida and Federal Supreme Courts commenced a frustrating squabble that went on for an agonizing 36 days. (Don’t even get me started on all that “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/12/666812854/the-florida-recount-of-2000-a-nightmare-that-goes-on-haunting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hanging chads\u003c/a>” business.) In the end, the Supreme Court ruled that a statewide recount was unconstitutional, and that smaller recounts just straight up shouldn’t happen. That meant the original tally still stood, Bush became president, and Gore went on to teach the world about how soon climate change is going to kill us all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bush v. Gore is now remembered as the closest election in U.S. history. Pray hard we don’t have another like it.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Imprisoned candidates, unopposed elections, bitching matches... Here are the elections that give 2020 a run for its money. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The 2020 election is weird, to put it mildly. We’ve got a deadly pandemic limiting how many people feel safe voting in person. We’ve got fears around whether or not the USPS is capable of coping with an increase in mail ballots. We’ve got a president who has repeatedly refused to agree to a peaceful transfer of power. And we are facing election results that will likely take days to finalize instead of hours. It all feels very—to use the word that sums up almost everything in 2020—unprecedented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, here’s a newsflash: It’s not.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elections have been a mess in America ever since George Washington—a man who no longer even wanted to be president—was pressured into running \u003cem>unopposed\u003c/em> in 1792. (His insistence on retiring four years later is what led to our current two-term limit.) President James Monroe also ran without a major opponent in \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1820_United_States_presidential_election\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1820\u003c/a>. Two hundred years later, at least we have two people to choose from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some other presidential elections from American history that make this one look slightly less unhinged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1800: The Tied Election\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888536\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 766px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888536\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.24.53-AM.png\" alt=\"Thomas Jefferson.\" width=\"766\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.24.53-AM.png 766w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.24.53-AM-160x98.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 766px) 100vw, 766px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thomas Jefferson.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This year’s election cycle too long for ya? Think of the patient Americans who had to sit through 1800’s seven-month-long election (it ran from April to October), only to learn it had ended in a tie. At the time, the voting structure involved picking two candidates—the winner would be president, the runner-up vice president. When Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied, it was left up to the House of Representatives to pick a winner. After seven days and 35 different ballots, Jefferson was declared president, with Burr as his vice. The process was so convoluted, the results weren’t declared until Feb. 7, 1801. (If you need more juicy details, this is all covered in \u003cem>Hamilton\u003c/em>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1824: The (First) President Who Ignored the Popular Vote\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888537\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 758px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888537\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.26.40-AM.png\" alt=\"John Quincy Adams.\" width=\"758\" height=\"459\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.26.40-AM.png 758w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.26.40-AM-160x97.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Quincy Adams.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1824’s presidential election, Andrew Jackson won the popular vote. He lost the presidency to John Quincy Adams, however, after then-speaker of the house Henry Clay cast a tie-breaking vote to ensure Adams was declared president instead. Clay’s motivations for the move became clear after Adams promoted him to secretary of state. The much-displeased Jackson and his supporters accused them of a “corrupt bargain.” Which sounds pretty accurate, until you consider the fact that only 3.4% of Americans were permitted to vote, and all of them were rich white men, so … a belief the electoral process as “fair” to begin with is a bit rich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1828: The (First) Bitchy Election\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888538\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 665px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888538\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.27.48-AM.png\" alt=\"Andrew Jackson.\" width=\"665\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.27.48-AM.png 665w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.27.48-AM-160x105.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew Jackson.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oh, hey! It’s John Quincy Adams again! When faced with his old opponent Andrew Jackson in the 1828 election, Adams went after Jackson’s wife, Rachel, referring to the couple as “a convicted adulteress and her paramour husband.” He was referring to the fact that the Jacksons accidentally got married before Rachel’s divorce was finalized. Then came “The Coffin Handbills”—leaflets that accused Jackson of massacring Native people during the War of 1812, executing deserters, and enjoying duels just a little bit too much. (He was involved in about 100 of them, so … yeah, probably.) Soon after, Virginia Congressman John Taliaferro piled on and accused Jackson of cannibalism. Jackson hit back by accusing Adams of sending an American girl to perform sex acts on a Russian czar. Adams also got (falsely) accused of making the government pay for his billiard table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Jackson won in a landslide. Still, the bitterness remained. When Rachel Jackson died before his inauguration, Jackson accused Adams of having a hand in her death, via the stress caused by the bigamy accusations. “May God Almighty forgive her murderers as I know she forgave them,” Jackson said at her funeral. “I never can.” Needless to say, Jackson refused to meet with the outgoing president, as was customary. And Adams refused to go Jackson’s inauguration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1872: The Presidential Candidate Who Died\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888539\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 680px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888539\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.29.34-AM.png\" alt=\"Horace Greeley.\" width=\"680\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.29.34-AM.png 680w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.29.34-AM-160x92.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Horace Greeley.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before his second term, President Ulysses S. Grant was up against Democrat Horace Greeley, the founder and editor of the \u003cem>New York Tribune\u003c/em>. Greeley, however, dropped dead before the electoral college votes had been cast. Grant ultimately sailed through with 286 of the votes, but Greeley got more support than anticipated, winning 44% of the popular vote (about 3 million ballots). Greeley remains the only presidential candidate in American history to die before a winner was declared. Strangely, his wife had died just one week before him. There is a semi-happy ending though: Grant successfully wiped out the Ku Klux Klan for 50 years with the Enforcement Act of 1871.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1876: The One Where Everyone Agreed to Screw Over Black People\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888540\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 765px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888540\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.31.41-AM.png\" alt=\"Rutherford B. Hayes.\" width=\"765\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.31.41-AM.png 765w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.31.41-AM-160x104.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rutherford B. Hayes.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Republican Rutherford B. Hayes and Democrat Samuel J. Tilden went head-to-head in 1876, the results were a total mess. This was because Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina couldn’t decide who to grant victory to. Subsequently, despite the fact that Tilden was the winner of the popular vote, Republicans and Democrats decided to come up with a shady deal to put Hayes in office. It was called the Compromise of 1877; it granted Hayes the presidency in exchange for withdrawing federal troops from the South. This, in effect, ended \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_era\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Reconstruction\u003c/a> and handed those states back to “Democratic Redeemers,” who immediately went about enacting Jim Crow laws and systematically stopping Black folks from voting. Thanks, white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1920: The Imprisoned Presidential Candidate\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888541\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 725px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13888541\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.33.22-AM.png\" alt=\"Eugene V. Debs.\" width=\"725\" height=\"458\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.33.22-AM.png 725w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/Screen-Shot-2020-10-29-at-12.33.22-AM-160x101.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 725px) 100vw, 725px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eugene V. Debs.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Socialist Party candidate Eugene V. Debs was serving 10 years in Atlanta’s Federal Penitentiary when he ran for President in 1920. Debs was imprisoned on espionage charges after vocally opposing World War I, and had previously been in and out of jail for his labor activism. 1920 was the fifth and last time Debs put himself forward as a presidential candidate. He won almost a million votes, taking third place after Republican Warren G. Harding and runner-up Democrat James Cox. The silver lining? One year into his term, President Harding commuted Debs’ sentence to time served.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2000: The State That Was Forced to Stop Counting Ballots\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13888543\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13888543\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-800x582.jpg\" alt=\"Newspapers sit side by side at a newstand. 'The New York Post' proclaims Texas Gov. George W. Bush the winner of the presidential election, while the 'New York Daily News' says the election is 'Too Close.' November, 2000.\" width=\"800\" height=\"582\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-800x582.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-1020x742.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-768x559.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480-1536x1118.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/10/GettyImages-51568480.jpg 1619w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The New York Post’ proclaims Texas Gov. George W. Bush the winner of the presidential election, while the ‘New York Daily News’ is more circumspect in their front page assessment. November, 2000. \u003ccite>(HENNY RAY ABRAMS/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many of us are old (and scarred) enough to remember the raging nightmare that was the aftermath of the 2000 election between George W. Bush and Al Gore. On the first night, the results in New Mexico, Oregon and Florida were too close to call. Then, when it finally came down to just Florida, Gore and the Democrats contested close results in several counties. This triggered mandatory recounts. Then the Florida and Federal Supreme Courts commenced a frustrating squabble that went on for an agonizing 36 days. (Don’t even get me started on all that “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/12/666812854/the-florida-recount-of-2000-a-nightmare-that-goes-on-haunting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hanging chads\u003c/a>” business.) In the end, the Supreme Court ruled that a statewide recount was unconstitutional, and that smaller recounts just straight up shouldn’t happen. That meant the original tally still stood, Bush became president, and Gore went on to teach the world about how soon climate change is going to kill us all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bush v. Gore is now remembered as the closest election in U.S. history. Pray hard we don’t have another like it.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
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"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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