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"content": "\u003cp>Wildfires are ravaging hundreds of thousands of acres of the western United States and Canada this summer, taking lives and homes in California, closing parts of Yosemite National Park to visitors and racing through forests and grasslands in Idaho, Washington, Oregon, Utah, Colorado and British Columbia. Smoke from those fires is causing breathing difficulties as far away as \u003ca href=\"http://www.mainepublic.org/post/combination-heat-humidity-and-wildfire-smoke-threatens-vulnerable-maine-coastal-residents#stream/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maine\u003c/a>.[contextly_sidebar id=”LbDdZms27mEs3PH25vx1bVLZU85YByR6″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires have generated many human-scale stories that need telling: how residents of the city of Redding, Calif., \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/01/634696282/california-carr-fire-leaves-many-unsure-about-their-future%20https:/www.npr.org/2018/08/01/634696282/california-carr-fire-leaves-many-unsure-about-their-future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are coping\u003c/a>; the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/08/636603563/california-firefighters-battle-exhaustion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">toll on firefighters\u003c/a>; where low-income workers will go if their \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/06/635907928/communities-in-california-continue-to-be-ravaged-by-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">homes are destroyed\u003c/a> by the Mendocino Complex Fire, now the state’s largest-ever. NPR has told those stories and many more — and it has by and large told them well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What NPR hasn’t done is use the words “climate change” in each and every one of these reports on the fires. Should it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Extreme weather events these days often trigger extreme reactions from listeners, such as the recent emailer who went so far as to argue that, because NPR did not mention “climate change” in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/30/634087252/deadly-carr-wildfire-testing-resources-of-local-officials-in-northern-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">four-minute interview\u003c/a> with Redding Mayor Kristen Schreder, it had joined the ranks of “climate deniers.” I have no idea whether the mayor is a knowledgeable expert about climate change. But I believe NPR was right to focus its questions on her more pressing problems, including managing some 38,000 evacuees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, to be clear, NPR has reported deeply and regularly about how climate change is making extreme weather events more frequent and more severe. The question is whether, as some believe, NPR should do more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://newrepublic.com/article/150124/medias-failure-connect-dots-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">article in \u003cem>The New Republic\u003c/em>\u003c/a> in late July called out NPR (among other newsrooms) for “siloing climate coverage,” a theme picked up by a number of Twitter users. One listener, Joseph Kendrick, of Saint Paul, Minn., expressed a similar thought. (He works for a research and advocacy nonprofit on environmental issues, although he said he was not writing on behalf of his employer.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“I’m not asking for NPR to significantly shift the focus of this type of story, or to interview a half dozen scientists alongside anyone whose home has burned down. But I do think it’s important to mention climate change — and its potential to exacerbate these events — as part of the context for these stories. Reporters generally seem comfortable adding political, cultural, technological, and cultural context to specific stories they report on — why is climate science treated so differently?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR does periodically produce high-quality content focused specifically on climate change and its effects. But I think you do your listeners a disservice by maintaining so much distance between ‘stories about climate’ and ‘stories about weather.’ Listeners who are already focused on the issue of climate change are likely to make this connection themselves and seek out climate-focused content when they want more context, but if NPR’s goal is to offer the best possible information to the broadest possible audience that link needs to made explicit.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>I asked Science Editor \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/279612138/geoff-brumfiel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Geoff Brumfiel\u003c/a> about this. “These are disasters that are affecting people’s lives, and they are happening in the moment,” he told me, adding, “If we’re talking about someone’s home and we’re talking about community, I think it’s reasonable that the reporter on the ground in that moment is focused on that community.”[contextly_sidebar id=”ilZkIO5WYYXmZmMp4FREL6JPIpapiLBd”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, he said, the reporters that NPR assigns to these stories have varying backgrounds; some are from the Science Desk, some are from the National Desk (or other sections, or member stations). Not all report on climate change-related beats. “Reporters want to report on what they know. They can see what’s burning and what’s not, they can see who’s in trouble, and they want to talk about that,” Brumfiel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is also another major factor when a hurricane hits or a fire erupts, he said: The science isn’t always clear from the very first moments of an extreme weather event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no reluctance to talk about climate change,” Brumfiel said. “But we have to call up scientists and ask them, because climate change is a complicated thing. We can’t just be off the cuff. We need to make sure we understand what the factors are, what is and what isn’t happening due to climate change, because there have always been wildfires, there have always been hurricanes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long-term weather patterns are clearly being affected by climate change, but at the level of an individual fire, say, other elements could be more important — such as the U.S. Forest Service’s decades-long policy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/10/17/558390511/how-fire-suppression-techniques-can-change-as-wildfires-get-bigger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">suppressing fires\u003c/a> instead of letting some burn for the health of the forests. “The biggest scale climate predictions work pretty well,” Brumfiel said. “As you try to get to individual events, it gets more and more complicated, and climate change becomes more of a factor. It can be a driver, but it’s more of a factor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How to Word a Boilerplate\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that said, Brumfiel told me he and others have been looking for some time into whether there is language guidance that can be shared with the NPR newsroom that would help it acknowledge climate change in more of the reporting about natural disasters. But, “it’s complicated,” for the reason he cited earlier: “Climate change can do different things. It can make weather events more frequent; it can make them more severe. And it can do different things for different kinds of events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said: Trying to choose language that communicates all that in a brief phrase — radio journalists have limited time, after all, particularly in the newscasts that lead each hour — and “that is accurate and flexible enough that we can issue it as guidance to everybody and it won’t be wrong when they use it, is tough. I honestly don’t know if there is something that we can have out there that everyone can just grab and use if they want. But it is something we’re thinking seriously about.”[contextly_sidebar id=”yqu4SvdO0RUqTBCHBdiemyM9hJrjdci2”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have mixed feelings about this issue. Climate change is a crucially important issue of our time and NPR should make clear when extreme weather events are connected to, or influenced by, long-term climate trends. I understand why advocates and others who are passionate about this issue want the connection to be explicit and constant, to keep it front and center in the public discourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, if boilerplate language can’t communicate all the complexities, then I think the newsroom is right to report in-depth on the connections that do exist, in discrete stories where there is more time, rather than toss off one-liners just for the sake of mentioning the issue. NPR’s job is to provide more nuance, not less, whenever possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR has reported in-depth repeatedly in its current fire coverage, including in this story \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/06/636112875/climate-and-wildfire-science-specialist-weighs-in-on-worsening-conditions-in-cal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">talking to scientists\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/29/633203732/when-the-weather-is-extreme-is-climate-change-to-blame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this one\u003c/a>, in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/02/634831131/californias-gov-brown-wildfires-are-evidence-of-changing-climate-in-real-time\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">interview\u003c/a> with California Gov. Jerry Brown, and in a piece examining why today’s fires are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/07/636458618/why-todays-wildfires-are-hotter-and-more-destructive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hotter and more destructive\u003c/a>. \u003cem>On Point\u003c/em> (which is distributed by NPR, although not produced by it) \u003ca href=\"http://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2018/08/08/mendocino-complex-wildfires-california-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">devoted an hour\u003c/a> to the topic. In short, there is no hint that NPR is avoiding the story of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there is more coverage to come. NPR next week will start rolling out newsmagazine, newscast and digital stories on the theme of “living with fire,” looking at everything from the effects of long-term smoke exposure to what a “good fire” looks like from the point of view of fire ecologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Western Bureau Chief and Senior Editor Jason DeRose, who is coordinating the stories, said some, but probably not all, will discuss the role of climate change. But, he said, when NPR’s fire coverage is looked at in its totality, “It’s very clear that we are reporting on this in the context of climate change.”[contextly_sidebar id=”uqdjeb6s23QvpNgfG0wDfENjNkwA6dGw”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, I’ll give Brumfiel the opportunity for a plug. He and Jennifer Ludden — who leads NPR’s energy and environment team that works in collaboration with member stations — have developed a strategic approach for climate change coverage, tackling stories that are not as attention-grabbing as a fire or hurricane, but just as important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The series, called “Heat,” has been running through the summer; all of the reporting can be found \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/629393286/heat-coping-with-a-warming-world\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here.\u003c/a> It includes reports on how heat is affecting \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/08/01/634135514/a-few-more-bad-apples-as-the-climate-changes-fruit-growing-does-too\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michigan apple growers\u003c/a> and throwing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/23/630181622/spring-is-springing-sooner-throwing-natures-rhythms-out-of-whack\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Colorado ecosystems\u003c/a> out of whack, and how \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/02/616151979/flooding-and-rising-seas-threaten-americas-oldest-farmland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maryland farmers\u003c/a> are losing land to rising sea levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brumfiel said: “We’re trying to really tell the stories on the ground that are happening to Americans right now. And often those stories aren’t natural disasters. It is stuff that is happening on a smaller scale every day; local disasters, I guess you could call them, that are really changing America. Climate is changing all sorts of different aspects of our lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, we’ll update this column if the newsroom comes to a decision on language about climate change that would work for more news stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Wildfire+Reports+Ignite+Debate+Over+Climate+Change+Coverage&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Wildfires are ravaging hundreds of thousands of acres of the western United States and Canada this summer, taking lives and homes in California, closing parts of Yosemite National Park to visitors and racing through forests and grasslands in Idaho, Washington, Oregon, Utah, Colorado and British Columbia. Smoke from those fires is causing breathing difficulties as far away as \u003ca href=\"http://www.mainepublic.org/post/combination-heat-humidity-and-wildfire-smoke-threatens-vulnerable-maine-coastal-residents#stream/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires have generated many human-scale stories that need telling: how residents of the city of Redding, Calif., \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/01/634696282/california-carr-fire-leaves-many-unsure-about-their-future%20https:/www.npr.org/2018/08/01/634696282/california-carr-fire-leaves-many-unsure-about-their-future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are coping\u003c/a>; the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/08/636603563/california-firefighters-battle-exhaustion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">toll on firefighters\u003c/a>; where low-income workers will go if their \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/06/635907928/communities-in-california-continue-to-be-ravaged-by-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">homes are destroyed\u003c/a> by the Mendocino Complex Fire, now the state’s largest-ever. NPR has told those stories and many more — and it has by and large told them well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What NPR hasn’t done is use the words “climate change” in each and every one of these reports on the fires. Should it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Extreme weather events these days often trigger extreme reactions from listeners, such as the recent emailer who went so far as to argue that, because NPR did not mention “climate change” in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/30/634087252/deadly-carr-wildfire-testing-resources-of-local-officials-in-northern-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">four-minute interview\u003c/a> with Redding Mayor Kristen Schreder, it had joined the ranks of “climate deniers.” I have no idea whether the mayor is a knowledgeable expert about climate change. But I believe NPR was right to focus its questions on her more pressing problems, including managing some 38,000 evacuees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, to be clear, NPR has reported deeply and regularly about how climate change is making extreme weather events more frequent and more severe. The question is whether, as some believe, NPR should do more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://newrepublic.com/article/150124/medias-failure-connect-dots-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">article in \u003cem>The New Republic\u003c/em>\u003c/a> in late July called out NPR (among other newsrooms) for “siloing climate coverage,” a theme picked up by a number of Twitter users. One listener, Joseph Kendrick, of Saint Paul, Minn., expressed a similar thought. (He works for a research and advocacy nonprofit on environmental issues, although he said he was not writing on behalf of his employer.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“I’m not asking for NPR to significantly shift the focus of this type of story, or to interview a half dozen scientists alongside anyone whose home has burned down. But I do think it’s important to mention climate change — and its potential to exacerbate these events — as part of the context for these stories. Reporters generally seem comfortable adding political, cultural, technological, and cultural context to specific stories they report on — why is climate science treated so differently?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR does periodically produce high-quality content focused specifically on climate change and its effects. But I think you do your listeners a disservice by maintaining so much distance between ‘stories about climate’ and ‘stories about weather.’ Listeners who are already focused on the issue of climate change are likely to make this connection themselves and seek out climate-focused content when they want more context, but if NPR’s goal is to offer the best possible information to the broadest possible audience that link needs to made explicit.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>I asked Science Editor \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/279612138/geoff-brumfiel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Geoff Brumfiel\u003c/a> about this. “These are disasters that are affecting people’s lives, and they are happening in the moment,” he told me, adding, “If we’re talking about someone’s home and we’re talking about community, I think it’s reasonable that the reporter on the ground in that moment is focused on that community.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, he said, the reporters that NPR assigns to these stories have varying backgrounds; some are from the Science Desk, some are from the National Desk (or other sections, or member stations). Not all report on climate change-related beats. “Reporters want to report on what they know. They can see what’s burning and what’s not, they can see who’s in trouble, and they want to talk about that,” Brumfiel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is also another major factor when a hurricane hits or a fire erupts, he said: The science isn’t always clear from the very first moments of an extreme weather event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no reluctance to talk about climate change,” Brumfiel said. “But we have to call up scientists and ask them, because climate change is a complicated thing. We can’t just be off the cuff. We need to make sure we understand what the factors are, what is and what isn’t happening due to climate change, because there have always been wildfires, there have always been hurricanes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long-term weather patterns are clearly being affected by climate change, but at the level of an individual fire, say, other elements could be more important — such as the U.S. Forest Service’s decades-long policy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/10/17/558390511/how-fire-suppression-techniques-can-change-as-wildfires-get-bigger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">suppressing fires\u003c/a> instead of letting some burn for the health of the forests. “The biggest scale climate predictions work pretty well,” Brumfiel said. “As you try to get to individual events, it gets more and more complicated, and climate change becomes more of a factor. It can be a driver, but it’s more of a factor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How to Word a Boilerplate\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that said, Brumfiel told me he and others have been looking for some time into whether there is language guidance that can be shared with the NPR newsroom that would help it acknowledge climate change in more of the reporting about natural disasters. But, “it’s complicated,” for the reason he cited earlier: “Climate change can do different things. It can make weather events more frequent; it can make them more severe. And it can do different things for different kinds of events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said: Trying to choose language that communicates all that in a brief phrase — radio journalists have limited time, after all, particularly in the newscasts that lead each hour — and “that is accurate and flexible enough that we can issue it as guidance to everybody and it won’t be wrong when they use it, is tough. I honestly don’t know if there is something that we can have out there that everyone can just grab and use if they want. But it is something we’re thinking seriously about.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have mixed feelings about this issue. Climate change is a crucially important issue of our time and NPR should make clear when extreme weather events are connected to, or influenced by, long-term climate trends. I understand why advocates and others who are passionate about this issue want the connection to be explicit and constant, to keep it front and center in the public discourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, if boilerplate language can’t communicate all the complexities, then I think the newsroom is right to report in-depth on the connections that do exist, in discrete stories where there is more time, rather than toss off one-liners just for the sake of mentioning the issue. NPR’s job is to provide more nuance, not less, whenever possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR has reported in-depth repeatedly in its current fire coverage, including in this story \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/06/636112875/climate-and-wildfire-science-specialist-weighs-in-on-worsening-conditions-in-cal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">talking to scientists\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/29/633203732/when-the-weather-is-extreme-is-climate-change-to-blame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this one\u003c/a>, in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/02/634831131/californias-gov-brown-wildfires-are-evidence-of-changing-climate-in-real-time\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">interview\u003c/a> with California Gov. Jerry Brown, and in a piece examining why today’s fires are \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/07/636458618/why-todays-wildfires-are-hotter-and-more-destructive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hotter and more destructive\u003c/a>. \u003cem>On Point\u003c/em> (which is distributed by NPR, although not produced by it) \u003ca href=\"http://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2018/08/08/mendocino-complex-wildfires-california-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">devoted an hour\u003c/a> to the topic. In short, there is no hint that NPR is avoiding the story of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there is more coverage to come. NPR next week will start rolling out newsmagazine, newscast and digital stories on the theme of “living with fire,” looking at everything from the effects of long-term smoke exposure to what a “good fire” looks like from the point of view of fire ecologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Western Bureau Chief and Senior Editor Jason DeRose, who is coordinating the stories, said some, but probably not all, will discuss the role of climate change. But, he said, when NPR’s fire coverage is looked at in its totality, “It’s very clear that we are reporting on this in the context of climate change.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, I’ll give Brumfiel the opportunity for a plug. He and Jennifer Ludden — who leads NPR’s energy and environment team that works in collaboration with member stations — have developed a strategic approach for climate change coverage, tackling stories that are not as attention-grabbing as a fire or hurricane, but just as important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The series, called “Heat,” has been running through the summer; all of the reporting can be found \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/629393286/heat-coping-with-a-warming-world\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here.\u003c/a> It includes reports on how heat is affecting \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/08/01/634135514/a-few-more-bad-apples-as-the-climate-changes-fruit-growing-does-too\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michigan apple growers\u003c/a> and throwing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/23/630181622/spring-is-springing-sooner-throwing-natures-rhythms-out-of-whack\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Colorado ecosystems\u003c/a> out of whack, and how \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/02/616151979/flooding-and-rising-seas-threaten-americas-oldest-farmland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maryland farmers\u003c/a> are losing land to rising sea levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brumfiel said: “We’re trying to really tell the stories on the ground that are happening to Americans right now. And often those stories aren’t natural disasters. It is stuff that is happening on a smaller scale every day; local disasters, I guess you could call them, that are really changing America. Climate is changing all sorts of different aspects of our lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, we’ll update this column if the newsroom comes to a decision on language about climate change that would work for more news stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Wildfire+Reports+Ignite+Debate+Over+Climate+Change+Coverage&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Hazy California Struggles With Smoky Smell From Distant Blaze",
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"content": "\u003cp>For two weeks a dull haze and the faint smell of smoke from distant blazes have blanketed many California cities, forcing summer campers to stay inside, obscuring normally bright skylines and leaving cars covered with ash.[contextly_sidebar id=”jJFaLDN0d8ge2Zap8aJeG8lfV5McaNQg”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smoky air from blowing winds is nothing new in California, but air quality experts say it’s rare for the dirty air to linger for so long, a reality of ever-larger fires that take longer to extinguish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The haze stretches from the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountain range to the Sacramento and San Francisco Bay areas, and nearly every major population center in between has suffered air quality that’s considered dangerous for children, the elderly and people with asthma or other respiratory conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaela Baylis used to take her nearly 2-year-old son to a park twice a day, but has only gone in the morning the last 10 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He asks to go outside a lot in the afternoon,” she said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two major wildfires — one called the Mendocino Complex Fire that is the largest in California history — burning more than 100 miles (160 kilometers) north of Sacramento and another huge fire near Yosemite National Park a little farther to the southeast. Firefighters made significant process against the Mendocino Complex for the first time Wednesday but said the blazes will likely continue through September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires have combined to produce unhealthy air that has drifted as far east as Salt Lake City, 450 miles (725 kilometers) away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The skies there were so murky that residents there couldn’t even see the nearby mountain range that hovers over the valley earlier this week. Utah air quality officials warned children and seniors to limit time outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The skies cleared a bit on Wednesday in Utah’s capital city, but more smoke is expected to blow in over the weekend, National Weather Service meteorologist Steve Rogowski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday marked the Sacramento region’s 13th straight “Spare the Air” day, when people are encouraged not to drive and add further pollutants to the air — the longest stretch since at least 2001. A similar warning is effect in the San Francisco Bay Area, and air quality experts in California’s Central Valley and areas southeast of Los Angeles are warning residents to limit outdoor exposure because of wildfires there.[contextly_sidebar id=”pcErX78Wv3imceGEqTEQFZrdo7GOZYza”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday morning, John and Rosalie Gonzales strolled through a Sacramento park with their toddler granddaughter they were visiting. For the last few days at their home in the San Francisco Bay Area community of Albany they have awakened to ash on their cars from the Mendocino Complex Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a rarity until a few years ago, before California began experiencing more unusually large wildfires, they said. “It doesn’t seem like it’s sustainable to have this happening year after year after year,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day earlier, dozens of summer campers sat inside watching a movie at a Sacramento YMCA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally that doesn’t happen on a regular day at camp,” said Jay Lowden, president of the YMCA for a nine-county region that serves more than 700 kids weekly at 13 summer camps. His counselors monitor the air quality on a daily basis, and Lowden said he may cancel a planned family camp this weekend in the foothills because of the smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sac United, a competitive youth soccer club, has cancelled four practices in the past two weeks because of poor air quality. High school sports teams are being similarly conscious of dangerous air as practices get underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento residents have taken to Twitter to share photos of a dark grey sky hanging over the Capitol in mid-afternoon and a city skyline difficult to make out. The smell of smoke has even slipped into downtown office buildings.[contextly_sidebar id=”ZvLkayme2J1ISafOo75jEeENzfWLIWsG”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was horrible; I’ve never seen anything like it before,” Mayor Darrell Steinberg said of Monday’s afternoon haze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori Kobza, spokeswoman for the Sacramento Air Quality Management District, said it’s hard to predict when things will improve because of the unpredictably of the fires and the winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the city is located in a valley, it’s easier for smoky air to get trapped here when high pressure systems blow in, making Sacramento like a smoke-filled bowl that’s had a lid placed tightly on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all trapped in it,” Kobza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associated Press writer Brady McCombs in Salt Lake City contributed to this report.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For two weeks a dull haze and the faint smell of smoke from distant blazes have blanketed many California cities, forcing summer campers to stay inside, obscuring normally bright skylines and leaving cars covered with ash.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smoky air from blowing winds is nothing new in California, but air quality experts say it’s rare for the dirty air to linger for so long, a reality of ever-larger fires that take longer to extinguish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The haze stretches from the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountain range to the Sacramento and San Francisco Bay areas, and nearly every major population center in between has suffered air quality that’s considered dangerous for children, the elderly and people with asthma or other respiratory conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaela Baylis used to take her nearly 2-year-old son to a park twice a day, but has only gone in the morning the last 10 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He asks to go outside a lot in the afternoon,” she said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two major wildfires — one called the Mendocino Complex Fire that is the largest in California history — burning more than 100 miles (160 kilometers) north of Sacramento and another huge fire near Yosemite National Park a little farther to the southeast. Firefighters made significant process against the Mendocino Complex for the first time Wednesday but said the blazes will likely continue through September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires have combined to produce unhealthy air that has drifted as far east as Salt Lake City, 450 miles (725 kilometers) away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The skies there were so murky that residents there couldn’t even see the nearby mountain range that hovers over the valley earlier this week. Utah air quality officials warned children and seniors to limit time outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The skies cleared a bit on Wednesday in Utah’s capital city, but more smoke is expected to blow in over the weekend, National Weather Service meteorologist Steve Rogowski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday marked the Sacramento region’s 13th straight “Spare the Air” day, when people are encouraged not to drive and add further pollutants to the air — the longest stretch since at least 2001. A similar warning is effect in the San Francisco Bay Area, and air quality experts in California’s Central Valley and areas southeast of Los Angeles are warning residents to limit outdoor exposure because of wildfires there.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday morning, John and Rosalie Gonzales strolled through a Sacramento park with their toddler granddaughter they were visiting. For the last few days at their home in the San Francisco Bay Area community of Albany they have awakened to ash on their cars from the Mendocino Complex Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a rarity until a few years ago, before California began experiencing more unusually large wildfires, they said. “It doesn’t seem like it’s sustainable to have this happening year after year after year,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A day earlier, dozens of summer campers sat inside watching a movie at a Sacramento YMCA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally that doesn’t happen on a regular day at camp,” said Jay Lowden, president of the YMCA for a nine-county region that serves more than 700 kids weekly at 13 summer camps. His counselors monitor the air quality on a daily basis, and Lowden said he may cancel a planned family camp this weekend in the foothills because of the smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sac United, a competitive youth soccer club, has cancelled four practices in the past two weeks because of poor air quality. High school sports teams are being similarly conscious of dangerous air as practices get underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento residents have taken to Twitter to share photos of a dark grey sky hanging over the Capitol in mid-afternoon and a city skyline difficult to make out. The smell of smoke has even slipped into downtown office buildings.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was horrible; I’ve never seen anything like it before,” Mayor Darrell Steinberg said of Monday’s afternoon haze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori Kobza, spokeswoman for the Sacramento Air Quality Management District, said it’s hard to predict when things will improve because of the unpredictably of the fires and the winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the city is located in a valley, it’s easier for smoky air to get trapped here when high pressure systems blow in, making Sacramento like a smoke-filled bowl that’s had a lid placed tightly on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all trapped in it,” Kobza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associated Press writer Brady McCombs in Salt Lake City contributed to this report.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Trump's Inaccurate Tweet on California Fires Now Appears to Be Actual Policy",
"headTitle": "Trump’s Inaccurate Tweet on California Fires Now Appears to Be Actual Policy | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration appears to be bringing President Trump’s recent tweets about California’s wildfires and environmental laws to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross \u003ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2018/08/us-secretary-commerce-wilbur-ross-issues-directive-national-marine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has directed fisheries officials\u003c/a> to “facilitate” access to water in order to aid in firefighting efforts in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The administration appears to have taken a misleading Trump tweet as an opportunity to swipe at the Endangered Species Act. But practically, nothing may come of it.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The protection of life and property takes precedence over any current agreements regarding the use of water,” he said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “current agreements” are likely about the protection of endangered salmon, which are overseen by the National Marine Fisheries Service in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The directive follows President Trump’s tweet on Sunday, which said: “California wildfires are being magnified & made so much worse by the bad environmental laws which aren’t allowing massive amount of readily available water to be properly utilized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tweet \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1928770/no-president-trump-calif-isnt-diverting-its-water-supply-away-from-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">confused California fire experts\u003c/a>, who say water availability hasn’t been a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not having any issues accessing any water supplies,” said Cal Fire spokesman Scott McLean. “We have plenty. The fires are right near reservoirs. We’re doing the job, we’re fighting the fight, we have the resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokespeople at the Department of Commerce and at the National Marine Fisheries Service refused to comment or clarify the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several California experts were stumped as to what endangered species protections could be at issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While Californians are choking on smoke, they’ve got to be smoking something awfully funny back there in D.C.,” said John McManus of the Golden Gate Salmon Association. “There’s nothing standing in the way of firefighters that comes from salmon protections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal protections for salmon require some water to remain in Lake Shasta in Northern California through the late summer, instead of releasing it to the Pacific Ocean or delivering it to water users. That’s to help endangered winter-run Chinook salmon, who lay their eggs below Shasta Dam and need cold water in the Sacramento River to keep them alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Provisions in the Endangered Species Act that requiring water to be held in there for salmon ought to be aiding the firefighters now,” says McManus. “In fact, I’m certain that they are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently under the Endangered Species Act, protections for species should not interfere with efforts to save lives or property. “This objective takes precedence if there is a conflict with protective measures for listed species under the ESA,” say \u003ca href=\"http://sero.nmfs.noaa.gov/protected_resources/section_7/emergency_consultation/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">current guidelines on the NOAA Fisheries website\u003c/a>. This leeway is already written into existing policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some are concerned that it points to a larger effort to roll back endangered species protections in California. The Department of the Interior is already working on a plan to “maximize water deliveries” to users of its Central Valley Water project, which has historically been limited in some years by fish protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going forward, the Department and NOAA are committed to finding new solutions to address threatened and endangered species in the context of the challenging water management situation in California,” Secretary Ross’ statement concluded.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Trump administration is directing wildlife officials to roll back endangered species protections in California. But practically, nothing may come of it.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration appears to be bringing President Trump’s recent tweets about California’s wildfires and environmental laws to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross \u003ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2018/08/us-secretary-commerce-wilbur-ross-issues-directive-national-marine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has directed fisheries officials\u003c/a> to “facilitate” access to water in order to aid in firefighting efforts in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">The administration appears to have taken a misleading Trump tweet as an opportunity to swipe at the Endangered Species Act. But practically, nothing may come of it.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The protection of life and property takes precedence over any current agreements regarding the use of water,” he said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “current agreements” are likely about the protection of endangered salmon, which are overseen by the National Marine Fisheries Service in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The directive follows President Trump’s tweet on Sunday, which said: “California wildfires are being magnified & made so much worse by the bad environmental laws which aren’t allowing massive amount of readily available water to be properly utilized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tweet \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1928770/no-president-trump-calif-isnt-diverting-its-water-supply-away-from-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">confused California fire experts\u003c/a>, who say water availability hasn’t been a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not having any issues accessing any water supplies,” said Cal Fire spokesman Scott McLean. “We have plenty. The fires are right near reservoirs. We’re doing the job, we’re fighting the fight, we have the resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokespeople at the Department of Commerce and at the National Marine Fisheries Service refused to comment or clarify the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several California experts were stumped as to what endangered species protections could be at issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While Californians are choking on smoke, they’ve got to be smoking something awfully funny back there in D.C.,” said John McManus of the Golden Gate Salmon Association. “There’s nothing standing in the way of firefighters that comes from salmon protections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal protections for salmon require some water to remain in Lake Shasta in Northern California through the late summer, instead of releasing it to the Pacific Ocean or delivering it to water users. That’s to help endangered winter-run Chinook salmon, who lay their eggs below Shasta Dam and need cold water in the Sacramento River to keep them alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Provisions in the Endangered Species Act that requiring water to be held in there for salmon ought to be aiding the firefighters now,” says McManus. “In fact, I’m certain that they are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently under the Endangered Species Act, protections for species should not interfere with efforts to save lives or property. “This objective takes precedence if there is a conflict with protective measures for listed species under the ESA,” say \u003ca href=\"http://sero.nmfs.noaa.gov/protected_resources/section_7/emergency_consultation/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">current guidelines on the NOAA Fisheries website\u003c/a>. This leeway is already written into existing policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some are concerned that it points to a larger effort to roll back endangered species protections in California. The Department of the Interior is already working on a plan to “maximize water deliveries” to users of its Central Valley Water project, which has historically been limited in some years by fish protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going forward, the Department and NOAA are committed to finding new solutions to address threatened and endangered species in the context of the challenging water management situation in California,” Secretary Ross’ statement concluded.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California's Largest, Deadliest and Most Destructive Fires",
"headTitle": "California’s Largest, Deadliest and Most Destructive Fires | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The twin fires at the Mendocino Complex are now on record as being the\u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> largest blazes\u003c/a> in California history, having burned through 300,086 acres and counting.[contextly_sidebar id=”4vMYZu0nmsgzXvXYrGlETGEpECTKeFiJ”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s top five largest blazes occurred within the last five years, according to Cal Fire records stretching back to 1932, underscoring the role of climate change in fueling increased wildfire activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re seeing in California right now is more destructive, larger fires burning at rates that we have historically never seen,” Jonathan Cox, a Cal Fire spokesman, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2018/07/31/us/carr-fire-california/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told\u003c/a> CNN recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists attribute this surge of fire activity to climate change, which is driving up temperatures and priming extremely dry brush for ignition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Human-driven warming is \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Wildfires-getting-worse-due-to-climate-change-9961409.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">drying out forests\u003c/a> to the point that peak fire seasons in the region have increased every year by about nine days since 2000, according to a 2017 study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because temperatures\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/global-warming/science-and-impacts/impacts/infographic-wildfires-climate-change.html#.W2thz_5KjOQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> throughout \u003c/a>the western U.S. are increasing at a much faster rate than for the planet as a whole.[contextly_sidebar id=”ynVjZoRNzkzK1yvpKA5e9YiNAdq2u3pi”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 1970, average annual temperatures for the region have increased by 1.9° F, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/global-warming/science-and-impacts/impacts/infographic-wildfires-climate-change.html#.W2thz_5KjOQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">about twice the pace\u003c/a> of the global average warming, according to data from the Union of Concerned Scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile urbanization is contributing to the destructiveness of wildfires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1928770\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">as more people\u003c/a> move into harm’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below, are three top 10 lists citing California’s largest, most destructive, and deadliest wildfires, based on Cal Fire records going back to 1932.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Top 10 Largest Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Mendocino Complex, July, 2018.\u003c/strong> Impacting Mendocino, Lake and Colusa Counties. 300,086 acres burned, 221 structures destroyed as of Wednesday morning. Fire is ongoing.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Thomas Fire, December, 2017.\u003c/strong> Impacting Ventura and Santa Barbara Counties. 281,893 acres burned, 1,063 structures destroyed, 1 death. Cause is under investigation.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cedar Fire, October 2003.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego County. 273,246 acres burned, 2,820 structures destroyed, 15 deaths. Sparked by a signal fire from lost hunter.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Rush Fire, August 2012.\u003c/strong> Impacting Lassen County. 271,911 acres burned, 5 deaths. Sparked by lightning.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Rim Fire, August 2013.\u003c/strong> Impacting Tuolumne County. 257,314 acres burned, 112 structures destroyed. Sparked by camp fire.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Z\u003cstrong>aca Fire, July 2007.\u003c/strong> Impacting Santa Barbara County. 240,207 acres burned, 1 structure destroyed, 7 deaths. The fire was caused by sparks from a grinding machine on private property.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Matilija Fire, September 1932.\u003c/strong> Impacting Ventura County. 220,000 acres burned, 8 deaths. Unknown cause.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Witch Fire, October 2007.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego County. 197,990 acres burned, 1,650 structures destroyed, 2 deaths. Sparked by power lines.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Klamath Theater Complex, June 2008.\u003c/strong> Impacting Siskiyou County. 192,038 acres destroyed, 2 deaths. Sparked by lightning.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Marble Cone, July 1977.\u003c/strong> Impacting Monterey County. 177,866 acres destroyed. Sparked by lightning.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Top 10 Most Destructive Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1929050\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1929050\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighting airplane drops fire retardant at the Holy Fire near Lake Elsinore, in Orange County, California, on August 7, 2018. \u003ccite>(DAVID MCNEW/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Tubbs Fire, October 2017\u003c/strong>. Impacting Sonoma County. 36,807 acres burned, 5,636 structures destroyed, 22 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Tunnel-Oakland Hills Fire, October 1991\u003c/strong>. Impacting Alameda County. 1,600 acres burned, 2,900 structures destroyed, 25 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cedar Fire, October 2003\u003c/strong>. Impacting San Diego. 273,246 acres burned, 2,820 structures destroyed, 15 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Valley Fire, September 2015\u003c/strong>. Impacting Lake, Napa & Sonoma Counties. 76,067 acres burned, 1,955, structures destroyed, 4 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Witch Fire, October 2007.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego. 197,990 acres burned, 1,650 structures destroyed, 2 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Carr Fire, July 2018.\u003c/strong> Impacting Shasta and Trinity Counties. 173,522 acres burned, 1,599 structures destroyed, 6 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Nuns Fire, October 2017.\u003c/strong> Impacting Sonoma County. 54,382 acres burned, 1,355 structures destroyed, 3 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Thomas Fire, December 2017.\u003c/strong> Impacting Ventura & Santa Barbara Counties. 281,893 acres burned, 1,063 structures destroyed, 2 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Old Fire, October 2003\u003c/strong>. Impacting San Bernardino. 91,281 acres burned, 1,003 structures destroyed, 6 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jones Fire, October 1999.\u003c/strong> Impacting Shasta County. 26,200 acres burned, 954 structures destroyed, 1 death.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Top 10 Deadliest Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1929052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1929052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-768x514.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-1200x803.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-1920x1284.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-1180x789.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-960x642.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-375x251.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jay Michael (R) and Gretchen Fritsch rest in their car during the Ranch Fire in the parking lot of the Moose Lodge in Clearlake Oaks, California on August 7, 2018. \u003ccite>(JOSH EDELSON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Griffith Park, October 1933.\u003c/strong> Impacting Los Angeles. 29 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Tunnel-Oakland Hills Fire, October 1991. \u003c/strong>Impacting Alameda County. 25 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Tubbs Fire, October 2017\u003c/strong>. Impacting Sonoma County. 22 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cedar Fire, October 2003\u003c/strong>. Impacting San Diego. 15 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Rattlesnake Fire, July 1953. \u003c/strong>Impacting Glenn County. 15 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Loop Fire, November 1966. \u003c/strong>Impacting Los Angeles. 12 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Hauser Creek, October 1943.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego. 11 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Inaja Fire, November 1956.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego. 11 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Iron Alps Complex, August 2008.\u003c/strong> Impacting Trinity County, 10 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Redwood Valley Fire, October 2017. \u003c/strong>Impacting Mendocino County. 9 deaths. \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "With climate change fueling the frequency and intensity of wildfires, we list the largest, most destructive, and deadliest wildfires in California's recorded history.",
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"description": "With climate change fueling the frequency and intensity of wildfires, we list the largest, most destructive, and deadliest wildfires in California's recorded history.",
"title": "California's Largest, Deadliest and Most Destructive Fires | KQED",
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"headline": "California's Largest, Deadliest and Most Destructive Fires",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The twin fires at the Mendocino Complex are now on record as being the\u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> largest blazes\u003c/a> in California history, having burned through 300,086 acres and counting.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s top five largest blazes occurred within the last five years, according to Cal Fire records stretching back to 1932, underscoring the role of climate change in fueling increased wildfire activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re seeing in California right now is more destructive, larger fires burning at rates that we have historically never seen,” Jonathan Cox, a Cal Fire spokesman, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2018/07/31/us/carr-fire-california/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told\u003c/a> CNN recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists attribute this surge of fire activity to climate change, which is driving up temperatures and priming extremely dry brush for ignition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Human-driven warming is \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Wildfires-getting-worse-due-to-climate-change-9961409.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">drying out forests\u003c/a> to the point that peak fire seasons in the region have increased every year by about nine days since 2000, according to a 2017 study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because temperatures\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/global-warming/science-and-impacts/impacts/infographic-wildfires-climate-change.html#.W2thz_5KjOQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> throughout \u003c/a>the western U.S. are increasing at a much faster rate than for the planet as a whole.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 1970, average annual temperatures for the region have increased by 1.9° F, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/global-warming/science-and-impacts/impacts/infographic-wildfires-climate-change.html#.W2thz_5KjOQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">about twice the pace\u003c/a> of the global average warming, according to data from the Union of Concerned Scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile urbanization is contributing to the destructiveness of wildfires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1928770\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">as more people\u003c/a> move into harm’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below, are three top 10 lists citing California’s largest, most destructive, and deadliest wildfires, based on Cal Fire records going back to 1932.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Top 10 Largest Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Mendocino Complex, July, 2018.\u003c/strong> Impacting Mendocino, Lake and Colusa Counties. 300,086 acres burned, 221 structures destroyed as of Wednesday morning. Fire is ongoing.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Thomas Fire, December, 2017.\u003c/strong> Impacting Ventura and Santa Barbara Counties. 281,893 acres burned, 1,063 structures destroyed, 1 death. Cause is under investigation.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cedar Fire, October 2003.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego County. 273,246 acres burned, 2,820 structures destroyed, 15 deaths. Sparked by a signal fire from lost hunter.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Rush Fire, August 2012.\u003c/strong> Impacting Lassen County. 271,911 acres burned, 5 deaths. Sparked by lightning.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Rim Fire, August 2013.\u003c/strong> Impacting Tuolumne County. 257,314 acres burned, 112 structures destroyed. Sparked by camp fire.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Z\u003cstrong>aca Fire, July 2007.\u003c/strong> Impacting Santa Barbara County. 240,207 acres burned, 1 structure destroyed, 7 deaths. The fire was caused by sparks from a grinding machine on private property.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Matilija Fire, September 1932.\u003c/strong> Impacting Ventura County. 220,000 acres burned, 8 deaths. Unknown cause.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Witch Fire, October 2007.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego County. 197,990 acres burned, 1,650 structures destroyed, 2 deaths. Sparked by power lines.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Klamath Theater Complex, June 2008.\u003c/strong> Impacting Siskiyou County. 192,038 acres destroyed, 2 deaths. Sparked by lightning.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Marble Cone, July 1977.\u003c/strong> Impacting Monterey County. 177,866 acres destroyed. Sparked by lightning.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Top 10 Most Destructive Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1929050\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1929050\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013030706-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighting airplane drops fire retardant at the Holy Fire near Lake Elsinore, in Orange County, California, on August 7, 2018. \u003ccite>(DAVID MCNEW/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Tubbs Fire, October 2017\u003c/strong>. Impacting Sonoma County. 36,807 acres burned, 5,636 structures destroyed, 22 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Tunnel-Oakland Hills Fire, October 1991\u003c/strong>. Impacting Alameda County. 1,600 acres burned, 2,900 structures destroyed, 25 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cedar Fire, October 2003\u003c/strong>. Impacting San Diego. 273,246 acres burned, 2,820 structures destroyed, 15 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Valley Fire, September 2015\u003c/strong>. Impacting Lake, Napa & Sonoma Counties. 76,067 acres burned, 1,955, structures destroyed, 4 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Witch Fire, October 2007.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego. 197,990 acres burned, 1,650 structures destroyed, 2 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Carr Fire, July 2018.\u003c/strong> Impacting Shasta and Trinity Counties. 173,522 acres burned, 1,599 structures destroyed, 6 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Nuns Fire, October 2017.\u003c/strong> Impacting Sonoma County. 54,382 acres burned, 1,355 structures destroyed, 3 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Thomas Fire, December 2017.\u003c/strong> Impacting Ventura & Santa Barbara Counties. 281,893 acres burned, 1,063 structures destroyed, 2 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Old Fire, October 2003\u003c/strong>. Impacting San Bernardino. 91,281 acres burned, 1,003 structures destroyed, 6 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jones Fire, October 1999.\u003c/strong> Impacting Shasta County. 26,200 acres burned, 954 structures destroyed, 1 death.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Top 10 Deadliest Wildfires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1929052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1929052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-768x514.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-1200x803.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-1920x1284.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-1180x789.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-960x642.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-375x251.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/GettyImages-1013006756-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jay Michael (R) and Gretchen Fritsch rest in their car during the Ranch Fire in the parking lot of the Moose Lodge in Clearlake Oaks, California on August 7, 2018. \u003ccite>(JOSH EDELSON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Griffith Park, October 1933.\u003c/strong> Impacting Los Angeles. 29 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Tunnel-Oakland Hills Fire, October 1991. \u003c/strong>Impacting Alameda County. 25 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Tubbs Fire, October 2017\u003c/strong>. Impacting Sonoma County. 22 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cedar Fire, October 2003\u003c/strong>. Impacting San Diego. 15 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Rattlesnake Fire, July 1953. \u003c/strong>Impacting Glenn County. 15 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Loop Fire, November 1966. \u003c/strong>Impacting Los Angeles. 12 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Hauser Creek, October 1943.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego. 11 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Inaja Fire, November 1956.\u003c/strong> Impacting San Diego. 11 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Iron Alps Complex, August 2008.\u003c/strong> Impacting Trinity County, 10 deaths.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Redwood Valley Fire, October 2017. \u003c/strong>Impacting Mendocino County. 9 deaths. \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As crews across California battle more than a dozen wildfires—including the largest in state history—the blazes are spewing enough carbon into the air to undo some of the good done by the state’s climate policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s even worse: Climate-warming compounds that will be released by the charred forests long \u003cem>after\u003c/em> the fires are extinguished may do more to warm up the planet than the immediate harm from smoky air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say that only about 15 percent of a forest’s store of carbon is expelled during burns. The remainder is released slowly over the coming years and decades, as trees decay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That second hit of carbon, experts say, contains compounds that do more to accelerate climate change than those from the original fire. And future fires over previously burned ground could make climate prospects even more bleak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The worst possible situation is the fire that comes through and kills everything,” said Nic Enstice, regional science coordinator for the Sierra Nevada Conservancy. “Then, ten or fifteen years later, another fire comes through and releases all the carbon left in the trees on the ground. That’s really bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a scenario that could explode at any time. Enstice cited a \u003ca href=\"https://nature.berkeley.edu/stephenslab/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Stephens-et-al.-Fire-Tree-Mortality-BioSci-2018.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research paper\u003c/a> published this year that laid out a chilling tableau: California has more than a 120 million dead trees strewn around its mountain ranges, with the southern Sierra hardest hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When fires hit those downed trees, the state will begin to experience “mass fires” spewing plumes of carbon. The resulting conflagrations, according to the researcher, will be almost unimaginable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The emissions from those fires will be unlike anything we will have ever seen,” Enstice said. “And you won’t be able put it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Computing the carbon released from the the fires so far this year will not happen soon. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.wrapair2.org/pdf/Yates_WESTAR_AJAX_13Jan2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">flies planes\u003c/a> through smoke plumes, gathering data, but air traffic over wildfires is tightly restricted. Scientific research is not a top priority when fires are threatening towns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some preliminary data is available now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One method uses inventories of existing forests—surveying how many trees and which type. Those records are updated every 10 years. Researchers then overlay infrared images captured from satellites that show what’s burning and at what intensity. From that, predictions can be made about carbon emissions on any given day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say that emissions from burned forests are one of the most virulent types, called black carbon. According to the most recent accounting from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/inventory/slcp/slcp.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state Air Resources Board\u003c/a>, California’s annual black carbon discharge—excluding wildfires—are equal to emissions from about 8 million passenger vehicles driven for one year. Not a small number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the state calculates the same annual average of black carbon coming solely from wildfires, it’s the equivalent of nearly 19 million additional cars on the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With year-round fire seasons and fire intensity off the charts, state officials admit that wildfires could \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/californias-wildfires-looming-threat-climate-goals/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set back \u003c/a>California’s myriad policies to offset the impacts of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s significant,” Enstice said. “We don’t have a lot of data to measure yet, we’re still using primitive tools. But everyone is gearing up to study this.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/julie-cart/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Julie Cart\u003c/a>,\u003c/br>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CALmatters\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As crews across California battle more than a dozen wildfires—including the largest in state history—the blazes are spewing enough carbon into the air to undo some of the good done by the state’s climate policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s even worse: Climate-warming compounds that will be released by the charred forests long \u003cem>after\u003c/em> the fires are extinguished may do more to warm up the planet than the immediate harm from smoky air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say that only about 15 percent of a forest’s store of carbon is expelled during burns. The remainder is released slowly over the coming years and decades, as trees decay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That second hit of carbon, experts say, contains compounds that do more to accelerate climate change than those from the original fire. And future fires over previously burned ground could make climate prospects even more bleak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The worst possible situation is the fire that comes through and kills everything,” said Nic Enstice, regional science coordinator for the Sierra Nevada Conservancy. “Then, ten or fifteen years later, another fire comes through and releases all the carbon left in the trees on the ground. That’s really bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a scenario that could explode at any time. Enstice cited a \u003ca href=\"https://nature.berkeley.edu/stephenslab/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Stephens-et-al.-Fire-Tree-Mortality-BioSci-2018.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research paper\u003c/a> published this year that laid out a chilling tableau: California has more than a 120 million dead trees strewn around its mountain ranges, with the southern Sierra hardest hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When fires hit those downed trees, the state will begin to experience “mass fires” spewing plumes of carbon. The resulting conflagrations, according to the researcher, will be almost unimaginable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The emissions from those fires will be unlike anything we will have ever seen,” Enstice said. “And you won’t be able put it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Computing the carbon released from the the fires so far this year will not happen soon. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.wrapair2.org/pdf/Yates_WESTAR_AJAX_13Jan2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">flies planes\u003c/a> through smoke plumes, gathering data, but air traffic over wildfires is tightly restricted. Scientific research is not a top priority when fires are threatening towns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some preliminary data is available now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One method uses inventories of existing forests—surveying how many trees and which type. Those records are updated every 10 years. Researchers then overlay infrared images captured from satellites that show what’s burning and at what intensity. From that, predictions can be made about carbon emissions on any given day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say that emissions from burned forests are one of the most virulent types, called black carbon. According to the most recent accounting from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/inventory/slcp/slcp.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state Air Resources Board\u003c/a>, California’s annual black carbon discharge—excluding wildfires—are equal to emissions from about 8 million passenger vehicles driven for one year. Not a small number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the state calculates the same annual average of black carbon coming solely from wildfires, it’s the equivalent of nearly 19 million additional cars on the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With year-round fire seasons and fire intensity off the charts, state officials admit that wildfires could \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/californias-wildfires-looming-threat-climate-goals/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set back \u003c/a>California’s myriad policies to offset the impacts of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s significant,” Enstice said. “We don’t have a lot of data to measure yet, we’re still using primitive tools. But everyone is gearing up to study this.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Biggest Blaze in California History Challenges Firefighters",
"headTitle": "Biggest Blaze in California History Challenges Firefighters | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Firefighters struggled against rugged terrain, high winds and an August heat wave Tuesday to slow the spread of the biggest wildfire ever recorded in California, an inferno that exploded to be nearly the size of Los Angeles in just 11 days.[contextly_sidebar id=”akOGK2M7GjZYylISgUomzilm81PcwczB”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 450-square-mile (1,165-square-kilometer) blaze, centered near the community of Upper Lake, about 100 miles (160 kilometers) north of San Francisco, spread fast because of what officials said was a perfect combination of weather, topography and abundant vegetation turned into highly flammable fuel by years of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighting efforts were also initially hampered by stretched resources, said the Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, also known as Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the fire started July 27, thousands of firefighters were hundreds of miles north battling a massive blaze that spread into the city of Redding, destroying more than 1,000 homes, in addition to a dozen other major blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few days after the Upper Lake fire started, Cal Fire Battalion Chief John Messina told a community meeting that with so many fires already raging in California, “resources are already committed” so officials were forced to prioritize public safety and private property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After those two things are addressed then we’ll go after the pieces of fire that are in remote areas,” Messina said. “Typically, we’d go at all at once. There is just not the resources for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flames were raging in mostly remote areas, and no deaths or serious injuries were reported. But at least 75 homes have been lost, and thousands of people have been forced to flee. The blaze, dubbed the Mendocino Complex, was reported 20 percent contained on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its rapid growth at the same time firefighters were battling more than a dozen other major blazes around the state fanned fears that 2018 could become the worst wildfire season in California history.[contextly_sidebar id=”af0zGfEPAW1aFEjHFdzAD59HkWtBm7kW”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For whatever reason, fires are burning much more intensely, much more quickly than they were before,” said Mark A. Hartwig, president of the California Fire Chiefs Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 3,900 firefighters, including a crew of 40 volunteers from New Zealand, were battling the blaze, contending with temperatures in the high 90s and winds gusting to 25 mph (40 kph).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heavily forested area of myriad canyons where the fire is spreading has few roads or natural barriers that can serve as firebreaks or offer safe havens for firefighters to battle the flames head on, Cal Fire Battalion Chief Jonathan Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So firefighters instead fell back to natural barriers such as streams or used bulldozers to cut fire lines, but the flames were moving so fast in spots that they blew past, forcing firefighters to retreat, Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way you’re going to stop that fire,” said Kyle Coleman, 28, who returned to his childhood home last week to help his father try — in vain, it turned out — to protect it. “A big wall of flames came over the mountain … I pretty much got my dad out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, 14,000 firefighters were battling blazes across California, which is seeing earlier, longer and more destructive wildfire seasons because of drought, warmer weather attributed to climate change, and the building of homes deeper into the forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cal Fire is really an urban firefighter service in the woods,” said Arizona State University professor Stephen Pyne, a wildfire management expert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mendocino Complex is actually two blazes burning so close together that authorities are attacking them as one, a common practice at Cal Fire. The fires started within an hour of each other about 15 miles (25 kilometers) apart. As of Tuesday, they were separated by just a few miles. Officials have not determined the cause of either one.[contextly_sidebar id=”yx8XuhorNJuNsPPbYCeB0ZVvScaNYXVK”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In becoming the biggest fire in California history , the Mendocino Complex fire broke a record set just eight months ago. A blaze in Southern California in December killed two people, burned 440 square miles (1,140 square kilometers) and destroyed more than 1,000 buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews also gained ground this week against another Northern California wildfire near the city of Redding that was blamed for at least six deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a blaze burning near Yosemite National Park has been raging for nearly a month but is still just one-third as large as the biggest fire, though dense smoke has closed much of the park to visitors for the past two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s firefighting costs have more than tripled from $242 million in the 2013 fiscal year to $773 million in the 2018 fiscal year that ended June 30, according to Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in uncharted territory,” Gov. Jerry Brown warned last week. “Since civilization emerged 10,000 years ago, we haven’t had this kind of heat condition, and it’s going to continue getting worse. That’s the way it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associated Press writers Don Thompson in Sacramento, California and Lorin Eleni Gill and Olga Rodriguez in San Francisco also contributed to this report.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Firefighters struggled against rugged terrain, high winds and an August heat wave Tuesday to slow the spread of the biggest wildfire ever recorded in California, an inferno that exploded to be nearly the size of Los Angeles in just 11 days.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 450-square-mile (1,165-square-kilometer) blaze, centered near the community of Upper Lake, about 100 miles (160 kilometers) north of San Francisco, spread fast because of what officials said was a perfect combination of weather, topography and abundant vegetation turned into highly flammable fuel by years of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighting efforts were also initially hampered by stretched resources, said the Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, also known as Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the fire started July 27, thousands of firefighters were hundreds of miles north battling a massive blaze that spread into the city of Redding, destroying more than 1,000 homes, in addition to a dozen other major blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few days after the Upper Lake fire started, Cal Fire Battalion Chief John Messina told a community meeting that with so many fires already raging in California, “resources are already committed” so officials were forced to prioritize public safety and private property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After those two things are addressed then we’ll go after the pieces of fire that are in remote areas,” Messina said. “Typically, we’d go at all at once. There is just not the resources for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flames were raging in mostly remote areas, and no deaths or serious injuries were reported. But at least 75 homes have been lost, and thousands of people have been forced to flee. The blaze, dubbed the Mendocino Complex, was reported 20 percent contained on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its rapid growth at the same time firefighters were battling more than a dozen other major blazes around the state fanned fears that 2018 could become the worst wildfire season in California history.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For whatever reason, fires are burning much more intensely, much more quickly than they were before,” said Mark A. Hartwig, president of the California Fire Chiefs Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 3,900 firefighters, including a crew of 40 volunteers from New Zealand, were battling the blaze, contending with temperatures in the high 90s and winds gusting to 25 mph (40 kph).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heavily forested area of myriad canyons where the fire is spreading has few roads or natural barriers that can serve as firebreaks or offer safe havens for firefighters to battle the flames head on, Cal Fire Battalion Chief Jonathan Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So firefighters instead fell back to natural barriers such as streams or used bulldozers to cut fire lines, but the flames were moving so fast in spots that they blew past, forcing firefighters to retreat, Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way you’re going to stop that fire,” said Kyle Coleman, 28, who returned to his childhood home last week to help his father try — in vain, it turned out — to protect it. “A big wall of flames came over the mountain … I pretty much got my dad out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, 14,000 firefighters were battling blazes across California, which is seeing earlier, longer and more destructive wildfire seasons because of drought, warmer weather attributed to climate change, and the building of homes deeper into the forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cal Fire is really an urban firefighter service in the woods,” said Arizona State University professor Stephen Pyne, a wildfire management expert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mendocino Complex is actually two blazes burning so close together that authorities are attacking them as one, a common practice at Cal Fire. The fires started within an hour of each other about 15 miles (25 kilometers) apart. As of Tuesday, they were separated by just a few miles. Officials have not determined the cause of either one.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In becoming the biggest fire in California history , the Mendocino Complex fire broke a record set just eight months ago. A blaze in Southern California in December killed two people, burned 440 square miles (1,140 square kilometers) and destroyed more than 1,000 buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews also gained ground this week against another Northern California wildfire near the city of Redding that was blamed for at least six deaths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a blaze burning near Yosemite National Park has been raging for nearly a month but is still just one-third as large as the biggest fire, though dense smoke has closed much of the park to visitors for the past two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s firefighting costs have more than tripled from $242 million in the 2013 fiscal year to $773 million in the 2018 fiscal year that ended June 30, according to Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in uncharted territory,” Gov. Jerry Brown warned last week. “Since civilization emerged 10,000 years ago, we haven’t had this kind of heat condition, and it’s going to continue getting worse. That’s the way it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associated Press writers Don Thompson in Sacramento, California and Lorin Eleni Gill and Olga Rodriguez in San Francisco also contributed to this report.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "No, President Trump, California Isn't Diverting Its Water Supply Away From Wildfires",
"headTitle": "No, President Trump, California Isn’t Diverting Its Water Supply Away From Wildfires | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>There are a lot of raging controversies in California’s water policy, but finding water for fighting wildfires isn’t one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re watching the Twitter feed from @realDonaldTrump, you might be confused about this. Here’s a tweet that — to say the least — raised eyebrows, when the president sent it out over the weekend:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">California wildfires are being magnified & made so much worse by the bad environmental laws which aren’t allowing massive amount of readily available water to be properly utilized. It is being diverted into the Pacific Ocean. Must also tree clear to stop fire spreading!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1026228024403021824?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">August 5, 2018\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So here are the facts:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First up, KQED called Cal Fire to find out whether, in fact, they’re having any problems getting enough water to fight current wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not having any issues accessing any water supplies,” says Cal Fire spokesman Scott McLean. “We have plenty. The fires are right near reservoirs. We’re doing the job, we’re fighting the fight, we have the resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, the notion that there are water sources in the state that are being diverted is “patently ridiculous,” according to Daniel Swain, a climate scientist at UCLA.[contextly_sidebar id=”FRd26aTPI4xeJqyclf8O3Oa5TUN2j1z6″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Firefighters] are drawing water from pretty much every available source,” says Swain. “Every reservoir, river, pond, lake that exists near these fires is essentially fair game for these firefighting efforts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what then, is to blame for the ferocity of this year’s wildfires?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927783/video-how-climate-change-is-wreaking-havoc-on-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">consensus from scientists\u003c/a> is that climate change, not lack of water, has contributed in multiple ways to the intensity of fires in California and the higher number of catastrophic fires we are having.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The climate in the West and elsewhere has been getting warmer and that’s leading to drier vegetation, drier forest, drier bush,” Swain says. “And that is acting to change the behavior of these fires, making them burn more intensely, hotter, and move faster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nighttime temperatures are also not as low as they used to be, and firefighters have noticed that fires don’t “lay down” at night the way they once did. Climate change is pushing nighttime temperatures \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926996/something-else-adding-fuel-to-californias-fire-season-warmer-nights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to rise even faster\u003c/a> than daytime temperatures. This means firefighters can’t count on much help from cool nights to get the upper hand on a fire.[contextly_sidebar id=”hhV9BhAr0lc5bwIBhakmX6qQvnC98Wnv”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, urbanization has contributed to the destructiveness of wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are just more people moving into harm’s way,” says Swain. “We have expanded our urban areas into the wildland, where there is the risk of wildfires at an increasing rate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Trump accuses California of diverting its water supply, he may be referring to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/914603/the-biggest-california-water-decision-youve-never-heard-of\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision expected this month\u003c/a> by the state water board. The controversy, long a point of contention, has nothing to do with the wildfires or wildfire management. But it’s a big deal. In fact, we call it: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/914603/the-biggest-california-water-decision-youve-never-heard-of\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Biggest California Water Decision You’ve Never Heard Of\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In a widely criticized tweet, Trump claimed that California water sources are being diverted away from fighting wildfires. We did some fact checking. He's wrong. Here's why.",
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"description": "In a widely criticized tweet, Trump claimed that California water sources are being diverted away from fighting wildfires. We did some fact checking. He's wrong. Here's why.",
"title": "No, President Trump, California Isn't Diverting Its Water Supply Away From Wildfires | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There are a lot of raging controversies in California’s water policy, but finding water for fighting wildfires isn’t one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re watching the Twitter feed from @realDonaldTrump, you might be confused about this. Here’s a tweet that — to say the least — raised eyebrows, when the president sent it out over the weekend:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">California wildfires are being magnified & made so much worse by the bad environmental laws which aren’t allowing massive amount of readily available water to be properly utilized. It is being diverted into the Pacific Ocean. Must also tree clear to stop fire spreading!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1026228024403021824?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">August 5, 2018\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So here are the facts:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First up, KQED called Cal Fire to find out whether, in fact, they’re having any problems getting enough water to fight current wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not having any issues accessing any water supplies,” says Cal Fire spokesman Scott McLean. “We have plenty. The fires are right near reservoirs. We’re doing the job, we’re fighting the fight, we have the resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, the notion that there are water sources in the state that are being diverted is “patently ridiculous,” according to Daniel Swain, a climate scientist at UCLA.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Firefighters] are drawing water from pretty much every available source,” says Swain. “Every reservoir, river, pond, lake that exists near these fires is essentially fair game for these firefighting efforts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what then, is to blame for the ferocity of this year’s wildfires?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927783/video-how-climate-change-is-wreaking-havoc-on-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">consensus from scientists\u003c/a> is that climate change, not lack of water, has contributed in multiple ways to the intensity of fires in California and the higher number of catastrophic fires we are having.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The climate in the West and elsewhere has been getting warmer and that’s leading to drier vegetation, drier forest, drier bush,” Swain says. “And that is acting to change the behavior of these fires, making them burn more intensely, hotter, and move faster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nighttime temperatures are also not as low as they used to be, and firefighters have noticed that fires don’t “lay down” at night the way they once did. Climate change is pushing nighttime temperatures \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926996/something-else-adding-fuel-to-californias-fire-season-warmer-nights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to rise even faster\u003c/a> than daytime temperatures. This means firefighters can’t count on much help from cool nights to get the upper hand on a fire.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, urbanization has contributed to the destructiveness of wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are just more people moving into harm’s way,” says Swain. “We have expanded our urban areas into the wildland, where there is the risk of wildfires at an increasing rate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Trump accuses California of diverting its water supply, he may be referring to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/914603/the-biggest-california-water-decision-youve-never-heard-of\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision expected this month\u003c/a> by the state water board. The controversy, long a point of contention, has nothing to do with the wildfires or wildfire management. But it’s a big deal. In fact, we call it: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/914603/the-biggest-california-water-decision-youve-never-heard-of\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Biggest California Water Decision You’ve Never Heard Of\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "PHOTOS: As One California Wildfire Ebbs, Another Explodes",
"headTitle": "PHOTOS: As One California Wildfire Ebbs, Another Explodes | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 12:36 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As firefighters work to contain a deadly wildfire in Northern California, another fire is rapidly expanding, threatening new communities and prompting fresh evacuations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mendocino Complex Fire is now the second-largest fire in state history. Tricia Austin, public information officer for the Mendocino Complex, tells NPR the previous second-largest fire was the Cedar Fire in 2003, which burned 273,246 acres. The Mendocino Complex is now at 273,664 acres and continuing to grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest fire in state history, last year’s\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/12/577647656/thomas-fire-californias-largest-on-record-is-now-100-percent-contained\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Thomas Fire\u003c/a> in Ventura and Santa Barbara counties, charred 281,893 acres before it was contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, other wildfires in California, Oregon, Washington and Idaho continue to burn vast swathes of land, firefighters have been stretched thin battling the numerous blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The headline-grabbing Carr Fire, located in Northern California near the city of Redding, is now 45 percent contained, according to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. The immediate threat to people’s homes has been greatly reduced, Sonja Hutson of member station KQED \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/06/635907928/communities-in-california-continue-to-be-ravaged-by-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928752\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighter walks along a containment line while battling a wildfire in Redding, Calif., on July 28. \u003ccite>(Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/05/635789040/california-fires-spread-rapidly-killing-seventh-victim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">At least seven people have been killed\u003c/a> in that fire, which has burned more than 160,000 acres of land over the past two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last week, state fire officials \u003ca href=\"http://calfire.ca.gov/communications/communications_StatewideFireSummary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced\u003c/a> that the Carr Fire had become the sixth most destructive fire in California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1928737\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1009260288_custom-54911234d7c6b8fd24d128838e3a0d25d15e0e47-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, attention has shifted to the Mendocino Complex Fire, which now poses a threat to more than 9,000 structures northwest of Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928751\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928751\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-1920x1079.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighter gathers water from a pool while battling the Ranch Fire near Clearlake Oaks, Calif., on Saturday. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s called a “complex” because it consists of two fires being fought simultaneously, KQED’s Hutson explains — the River and the Ranch fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fires … are burning really close together in Mendocino and Lake counties, which are about 20 miles north of the Napa wine country,” she tells NPR’s \u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em>. “As a whole, they’re 33 percent contained. There’s over 9,000 structures threatened and 130 destroyed, so they are very destructive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928738\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928738\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177650_custom-39c82f7bdf8f38c68eaf0b4e84075b56e9d3b0b5-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Debbie Prior leads a horse to safety as the Ranch Fire tears down New Long Valley Road near Clearlake Oaks, Calif., on Saturday. The Ranch Fire is part of the Mendocino Complex.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The communities in the region are largely rural and low-income, which makes the fires even more devastating, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s really a lack of affordable housing in the area, so low-income people whose houses get burned down will usually go to where ever they have friends and family they can stay with in the immediate aftermath of the fire,” Hutson says. “And if that’s not in the area, they can miss out on a lot of help from nonprofits and the government in getting them back into housing in the area where they have lived for years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928742\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928742\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex Schenck carries a water bucket while fighting to save his home near Clearlake Oaks, Calif. on Saturday, as the Ranch Fire approached. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farther south, the Ferguson Fire — burning for three weeks now — has forced the indefinite closure of the most popular part of Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, fires are also burning in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/4a65fcb6c8f5429d91a158692d1db9f6/Crews-battle-fires-in-Washington-state,-Idaho\">Idaho\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kxly.com/news/crews-still-trying-to-contain-angel-springs-fire-near-davenport/777809048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oregon-wildfire-near-dufur-nearly-triples-in-size-overnight-2018-08-02/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oregon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The numerous simultaneous blazes have strained the nation’s firefighting resources. Thousands of firefighters are actively working on the ground, and crews from Australia and New Zealand have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/state/california/fires/article215880020.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">flown in to assist\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928748\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-1920x1079.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A deer stands on a road covered with fire retardant near Redding, Calif., as the Carr Fire burned in the area on July 28. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=PHOTOS%3A+As+One+California+Wildfire+Ebbs%2C+Another+Explodes&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Carr Fire, which killed seven people, has been partially contained and the threat to residents reduced. But the Mendocino Complex Fire is now the second-largest wildfire in state history.",
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"description": "The Carr Fire, which killed seven people, has been partially contained and the threat to residents reduced. But the Mendocino Complex Fire is now the second-largest wildfire in state history.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 12:36 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As firefighters work to contain a deadly wildfire in Northern California, another fire is rapidly expanding, threatening new communities and prompting fresh evacuations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mendocino Complex Fire is now the second-largest fire in state history. Tricia Austin, public information officer for the Mendocino Complex, tells NPR the previous second-largest fire was the Cedar Fire in 2003, which burned 273,246 acres. The Mendocino Complex is now at 273,664 acres and continuing to grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest fire in state history, last year’s\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/12/577647656/thomas-fire-californias-largest-on-record-is-now-100-percent-contained\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Thomas Fire\u003c/a> in Ventura and Santa Barbara counties, charred 281,893 acres before it was contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, other wildfires in California, Oregon, Washington and Idaho continue to burn vast swathes of land, firefighters have been stretched thin battling the numerous blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The headline-grabbing Carr Fire, located in Northern California near the city of Redding, is now 45 percent contained, according to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. The immediate threat to people’s homes has been greatly reduced, Sonja Hutson of member station KQED \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/06/635907928/communities-in-california-continue-to-be-ravaged-by-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928752\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/ap_18210096192917_custom-ee3e2a39336d0afe727b6675feead5bfad7885c0-s2300-c85-1-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighter walks along a containment line while battling a wildfire in Redding, Calif., on July 28. \u003ccite>(Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/08/05/635789040/california-fires-spread-rapidly-killing-seventh-victim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">At least seven people have been killed\u003c/a> in that fire, which has burned more than 160,000 acres of land over the past two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last week, state fire officials \u003ca href=\"http://calfire.ca.gov/communications/communications_StatewideFireSummary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced\u003c/a> that the Carr Fire had become the sixth most destructive fire in California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1928737\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1009260288_custom-54911234d7c6b8fd24d128838e3a0d25d15e0e47-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, attention has shifted to the Mendocino Complex Fire, which now poses a threat to more than 9,000 structures northwest of Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928751\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928751\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-1920x1079.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177452_wide-832a3d0a478d168f68f2dfb6156adafb5bca03bd-s2300-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A firefighter gathers water from a pool while battling the Ranch Fire near Clearlake Oaks, Calif., on Saturday. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s called a “complex” because it consists of two fires being fought simultaneously, KQED’s Hutson explains — the River and the Ranch fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fires … are burning really close together in Mendocino and Lake counties, which are about 20 miles north of the Napa wine country,” she tells NPR’s \u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em>. “As a whole, they’re 33 percent contained. There’s over 9,000 structures threatened and 130 destroyed, so they are very destructive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928738\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928738\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177650_custom-39c82f7bdf8f38c68eaf0b4e84075b56e9d3b0b5-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Debbie Prior leads a horse to safety as the Ranch Fire tears down New Long Valley Road near Clearlake Oaks, Calif., on Saturday. The Ranch Fire is part of the Mendocino Complex.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The communities in the region are largely rural and low-income, which makes the fires even more devastating, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s really a lack of affordable housing in the area, so low-income people whose houses get burned down will usually go to where ever they have friends and family they can stay with in the immediate aftermath of the fire,” Hutson says. “And if that’s not in the area, they can miss out on a lot of help from nonprofits and the government in getting them back into housing in the area where they have lived for years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928742\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928742\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-1200x799.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1011177152_custom-0c8f2a32514d7a9f50828397cd2ec9361c0699df-s2300-c85-1-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex Schenck carries a water bucket while fighting to save his home near Clearlake Oaks, Calif. on Saturday, as the Ranch Fire approached. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farther south, the Ferguson Fire — burning for three weeks now — has forced the indefinite closure of the most popular part of Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, fires are also burning in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/4a65fcb6c8f5429d91a158692d1db9f6/Crews-battle-fires-in-Washington-state,-Idaho\">Idaho\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kxly.com/news/crews-still-trying-to-contain-angel-springs-fire-near-davenport/777809048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oregon-wildfire-near-dufur-nearly-triples-in-size-overnight-2018-08-02/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oregon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The numerous simultaneous blazes have strained the nation’s firefighting resources. Thousands of firefighters are actively working on the ground, and crews from Australia and New Zealand have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/state/california/fires/article215880020.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">flown in to assist\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928748\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1928748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-1920x1079.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/gettyimages-1006841212_wide-74198b11b3fdbe0510db207e0754a4692160d996-s2300-c85-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A deer stands on a road covered with fire retardant near Redding, Calif., as the Carr Fire burned in the area on July 28. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=PHOTOS%3A+As+One+California+Wildfire+Ebbs%2C+Another+Explodes&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Officials have issued an air advisory for this weekend, as smoke from multiple wildfires billows over the Bay Area, making it difficult for residents to breathe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents who smell smoke are urged to remain indoors and keep windows and doors shut until the smoke lifts. [contextly_sidebar id=”kg0JwqclhdRxS64NBlLjgOHQqywsnPQh”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities issued the Air Quality Advisory due to expected northerly winds that will likely spread smoke from several active fires throughout the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2018/smoke_180802_2018_053-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">advisory,\u003c/a> the second highest alert for air quality, is normally posted when unhealthy air conditions make it difficult to breathe and pose a particular health risk to those with weakened immune systems, such as the elderly, youth, and those with respiratory issues, according to the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.local_state&stateid=5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">air-quality website, \u003c/a>the air over large swathes of Northern California is rated as “unhealthy” to “hazardous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To protect yourself and loved ones, keep indoor air clean by running the air conditioner on recycle. Remember to keep the fresh air intake closed to prevent smoke from getting inside.[contextly_sidebar id=”BsAF8qM22ki06dB9ISomMnSwZKJWCjoz”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don’t have an air conditioner, staying indoors is not recommended in extremely hot weather. Instead, try to find an inside, air-conditioned place, such as a library, museum or movie theater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep yourself updated on the air quality in your neighborhood by checking the state’s air quality readings \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/about-air-quality/current-air-quality/air-monitoring-data?&ParameterId=316\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>. Updates are provided in real time.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Officials have issued an air advisory for this weekend, as smoke from multiple wildfires billows over the Bay Area, making it difficult for residents to breathe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents who smell smoke are urged to remain indoors and keep windows and doors shut until the smoke lifts. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities issued the Air Quality Advisory due to expected northerly winds that will likely spread smoke from several active fires throughout the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2018/smoke_180802_2018_053-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">advisory,\u003c/a> the second highest alert for air quality, is normally posted when unhealthy air conditions make it difficult to breathe and pose a particular health risk to those with weakened immune systems, such as the elderly, youth, and those with respiratory issues, according to the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.local_state&stateid=5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">air-quality website, \u003c/a>the air over large swathes of Northern California is rated as “unhealthy” to “hazardous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To protect yourself and loved ones, keep indoor air clean by running the air conditioner on recycle. Remember to keep the fresh air intake closed to prevent smoke from getting inside.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don’t have an air conditioner, staying indoors is not recommended in extremely hot weather. Instead, try to find an inside, air-conditioned place, such as a library, museum or movie theater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep yourself updated on the air quality in your neighborhood by checking the state’s air quality readings \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/about-air-quality/current-air-quality/air-monitoring-data?&ParameterId=316\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>. Updates are provided in real time.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Medical staff near Redding have been scrambling to provide necessary care, some while dealing with the mandatory evacuations of their own homes in the face of the explosive Carr Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[emailsignup newslettername='science' align='right']Shasta Community Health Center supports Shasta County at its six locations. But Chief Operations Officer Brandon Thornock says last Friday alone, dozens of employees were unable to come to work. Still, he says, enough employees showed up that the health center can staff two facilities: their medical center in Anderson and a consolidated team of medical professionals operating out of Redding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of their physicians and staff have also been sent to the evacuation center established at Shasta College to help fire evacuees with anxiety and smoke inhalation problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Dignity Health Mercy Medical Center, one of the most sensitive operations was the transfer of six babies from the hospital’s neonatal intensive care unit, says Mike Mangas, a communications manager for the hospital. It can take three to four hours to prepare the babies to move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five babies were taken to the UC Davis Medical Center, while a sixth was transferred to Mercy San Juan. All arrived in good health and Mangas says they’re doing well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, he says Mercy has seen several burn and smoke-related injuries, including 3 firefighters, but none were serious and all have now been discharged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”PKSsgbdsFAc8xVRhDXbPq7h565rX5IHh”]The hospital is ready to remove additional patients if needed, but Mangas noted that a shift this week in the direction of the active front of the fire might spare them more damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had people who work at the hospital who lost their homes,” Mangas says, “but many of them still showed up for work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carr Fire has burned more than 112,000 acres, destroyed more than 900 homes, and is still just 30 percent contained. Fire officials are beginning to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/2164\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">allow residents back\u003c/a> in some areas, while continuing \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/2164\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mandatory evacuations\u003c/a> in others.\u003cbr>\n \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Medical staff near Redding have been scrambling to provide necessary care, some while dealing with the mandatory evacuations of their own homes in the face of the explosive Carr Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Shasta Community Health Center supports Shasta County at its six locations. But Chief Operations Officer Brandon Thornock says last Friday alone, dozens of employees were unable to come to work. Still, he says, enough employees showed up that the health center can staff two facilities: their medical center in Anderson and a consolidated team of medical professionals operating out of Redding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of their physicians and staff have also been sent to the evacuation center established at Shasta College to help fire evacuees with anxiety and smoke inhalation problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Dignity Health Mercy Medical Center, one of the most sensitive operations was the transfer of six babies from the hospital’s neonatal intensive care unit, says Mike Mangas, a communications manager for the hospital. It can take three to four hours to prepare the babies to move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five babies were taken to the UC Davis Medical Center, while a sixth was transferred to Mercy San Juan. All arrived in good health and Mangas says they’re doing well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, he says Mercy has seen several burn and smoke-related injuries, including 3 firefighters, but none were serious and all have now been discharged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>The hospital is ready to remove additional patients if needed, but Mangas noted that a shift this week in the direction of the active front of the fire might spare them more damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had people who work at the hospital who lost their homes,” Mangas says, “but many of them still showed up for work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carr Fire has burned more than 112,000 acres, destroyed more than 900 homes, and is still just 30 percent contained. Fire officials are beginning to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/2164\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">allow residents back\u003c/a> in some areas, while continuing \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/2164\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mandatory evacuations\u003c/a> in others.\u003cbr>\n \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>One thing that stands out in this already-staggering fire season is the repeated accounts of bizarre fire behavior that seem to defy conventional wisdom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, scientists are looking for new clues to that behavior. It turns out that the smoke plume from a wildfire tells its own complex story that contains some of those clues, and in California, there’s a new breed of “smoke chaser” looking to decode them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928405\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1928405\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: smoke plume from Carr Fire, near Redding, CA\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1182\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-768x473.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-1020x628.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-1200x739.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-1180x726.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-960x591.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-240x148.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-375x231.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-520x320.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists are probing smoke plumes from the Carr Fire and other wildfires to better predict fire behavior. \u003ccite>(Josh Edelson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When I arrive at the Carr Fire’s incident command post in Anderson, just south of Redding, Craig Clements had just come out of a briefing with the incident meteorologist. Every big fire has one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re having issues with the smoke and they want to know how deep it is,” explains Clements. “We’re gonna map the smoke layer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clements runs the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fireweather.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fire Weather Research Lab\u003c/a> at San Jose State State University — and he’s taken it on the road. The lab’s mobile unit is a white, heavy-duty pickup, outfitted with a cluster of weather instruments and a LIDAR unit. \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/lidar.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LIDAR is kind of like radar\u003c/a>, but instead of using radio waves, shoots a beam of light skyward, in this case to make a vertical map of the smoke column.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928403\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1928403\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: mobile unit on site\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SJSU’s mobile fire weather unit is the only one of its kind operated by a U.S. university. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We can track the smoke,” says Clements, “but we can also measure the wind circulation patterns in the smoke plume.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meteorology student Jackson Yip pulls the rig off of Highway 299 onto an open field, about 5 miles from the fire line, and gets to work inflating a small weather balloon — about four feet across. It carries a transmitter the size of an eyeglass case, called \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/upperair/factsheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a radiosonde\u003c/a>, that will send data back to the truck. He lets it go and it shoots into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a good sight. Come on, keep goin’, keep goin’!,” urges Clements.\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will keep going, sampling and transmitting data back once every second, until it reaches 40,000 feet or more above the earth. The fire lab crew will transmit their data to the meteorologist on duty at the command post, where it can help form a better picture of conditions aloft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”DtKkbwvPmAseBAsYXj8h5MqEwXQxwCdC”]Launch sites for weather balloons are “few and far between,” according to Clements, so the team’s ability to launch on site was a boon to the “i-met,” the incident meteorologist who asked them to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wow–look at that,” Clements exclaims, as the information starts to form a picture. The first thing they notice is a strong inversion: a layer of air about 9,000 feet up that’s warmer than the air below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The air’s really, really warm above,” he observes.\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That warm air acts as a lid on the lower atmosphere, which helps explain why the entire Sacramento Valley seems to be enshrouded in a yellow, smokey haze. But what the team is really looking for, are signs that the fire’s behavior might be changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928402\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1928402\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: smoke haze near Redding\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1507\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-800x603.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-768x579.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-1020x769.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-1200x904.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-1920x1447.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-1180x889.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-960x723.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-375x283.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-520x392.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A yellow pall of smoke haze hangs over Interstate 5 south of Redding, during the Carr Fire. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If you have a very convective day, let’s say, in the atmosphere, where a lot of vertical motion is occurring,” Clements explains, “that can impact the fire behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing they can spot is something called a “velocity couplet,” where winds above the fire are moving in opposite directions, just meters apart. That indicates rotation, and the possible formation of fire “tornadoes,” like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1928143/reddings-firenado-was-not-your-garden-variety-fire-whirl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one that added to the devastation\u003c/a> near Redding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not seeing that on this day — but as the information comes in, it reveals something else that’s potentially dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[emailsignup newslettername='science' align='right']“The air is really, really dry aloft,” notes Clements, “so if that really dry air mixes down to the surface, it could really impact fire behavior, because it’ll dry out the fuels.”\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, it’s something to keep an eye on — no need to sound an alarm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As air descends, it’ll only warm more and get drier,” explains grad student Matthew Brewer. “If the sun’s able to warm the surface, and you start to get surface mixing, and we get convection, and get these big circulations going, and that could bring down some of the dry air; as air comes up, air has to come back down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, San Jose State has the only mobile fire weather lab in the nation, and the immediate goal is research. But Clements hopes they can make the case for units like this to become a staple of wildfire management — especially when current fires seem to be breaking all the conventional rules of fire behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are general rules of thumb,” Clements says, “but it doesn’t always happen. And so the more observations we can get on a wildfire in terms of meteorology, fire behavior, and fuels conditions, the better for predicting the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But maybe the bottom line of why they’re out here was best expressed by the undergrad student in the crew, 23-year-old Jackson Yip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, the papers that will be coming out of these observations and the knowledge we gain from it will ultimately save property and save lives,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, the lab is adding a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka_band\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ka-band mobile Doppler radar\u003c/a> unit to its arsenal. Clements says that will give them unprecedented range and power to demystify the forces inside a fire’s smoke plume.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One thing that stands out in this already-staggering fire season is the repeated accounts of bizarre fire behavior that seem to defy conventional wisdom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, scientists are looking for new clues to that behavior. It turns out that the smoke plume from a wildfire tells its own complex story that contains some of those clues, and in California, there’s a new breed of “smoke chaser” looking to decode them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928405\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1928405\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: smoke plume from Carr Fire, near Redding, CA\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1182\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-768x473.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-1020x628.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-1200x739.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-1180x726.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-960x591.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-240x148.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-375x231.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/RS32074_GettyImages-1006951752-qut-520x320.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists are probing smoke plumes from the Carr Fire and other wildfires to better predict fire behavior. \u003ccite>(Josh Edelson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When I arrive at the Carr Fire’s incident command post in Anderson, just south of Redding, Craig Clements had just come out of a briefing with the incident meteorologist. Every big fire has one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re having issues with the smoke and they want to know how deep it is,” explains Clements. “We’re gonna map the smoke layer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clements runs the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fireweather.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fire Weather Research Lab\u003c/a> at San Jose State State University — and he’s taken it on the road. The lab’s mobile unit is a white, heavy-duty pickup, outfitted with a cluster of weather instruments and a LIDAR unit. \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/lidar.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LIDAR is kind of like radar\u003c/a>, but instead of using radio waves, shoots a beam of light skyward, in this case to make a vertical map of the smoke column.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928403\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1928403\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: mobile unit on site\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0621-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SJSU’s mobile fire weather unit is the only one of its kind operated by a U.S. university. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We can track the smoke,” says Clements, “but we can also measure the wind circulation patterns in the smoke plume.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meteorology student Jackson Yip pulls the rig off of Highway 299 onto an open field, about 5 miles from the fire line, and gets to work inflating a small weather balloon — about four feet across. It carries a transmitter the size of an eyeglass case, called \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/upperair/factsheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a radiosonde\u003c/a>, that will send data back to the truck. He lets it go and it shoots into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a good sight. Come on, keep goin’, keep goin’!,” urges Clements.\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will keep going, sampling and transmitting data back once every second, until it reaches 40,000 feet or more above the earth. The fire lab crew will transmit their data to the meteorologist on duty at the command post, where it can help form a better picture of conditions aloft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Launch sites for weather balloons are “few and far between,” according to Clements, so the team’s ability to launch on site was a boon to the “i-met,” the incident meteorologist who asked them to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wow–look at that,” Clements exclaims, as the information starts to form a picture. The first thing they notice is a strong inversion: a layer of air about 9,000 feet up that’s warmer than the air below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The air’s really, really warm above,” he observes.\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That warm air acts as a lid on the lower atmosphere, which helps explain why the entire Sacramento Valley seems to be enshrouded in a yellow, smokey haze. But what the team is really looking for, are signs that the fire’s behavior might be changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1928402\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1928402\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: smoke haze near Redding\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1507\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-800x603.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-768x579.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-1020x769.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-1200x904.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-1920x1447.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-1180x889.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-960x723.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-375x283.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/IMG_0629-520x392.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A yellow pall of smoke haze hangs over Interstate 5 south of Redding, during the Carr Fire. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If you have a very convective day, let’s say, in the atmosphere, where a lot of vertical motion is occurring,” Clements explains, “that can impact the fire behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing they can spot is something called a “velocity couplet,” where winds above the fire are moving in opposite directions, just meters apart. That indicates rotation, and the possible formation of fire “tornadoes,” like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1928143/reddings-firenado-was-not-your-garden-variety-fire-whirl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one that added to the devastation\u003c/a> near Redding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not seeing that on this day — but as the information comes in, it reveals something else that’s potentially dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The air is really, really dry aloft,” notes Clements, “so if that really dry air mixes down to the surface, it could really impact fire behavior, because it’ll dry out the fuels.”\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, it’s something to keep an eye on — no need to sound an alarm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As air descends, it’ll only warm more and get drier,” explains grad student Matthew Brewer. “If the sun’s able to warm the surface, and you start to get surface mixing, and we get convection, and get these big circulations going, and that could bring down some of the dry air; as air comes up, air has to come back down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, San Jose State has the only mobile fire weather lab in the nation, and the immediate goal is research. But Clements hopes they can make the case for units like this to become a staple of wildfire management — especially when current fires seem to be breaking all the conventional rules of fire behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are general rules of thumb,” Clements says, “but it doesn’t always happen. And so the more observations we can get on a wildfire in terms of meteorology, fire behavior, and fuels conditions, the better for predicting the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But maybe the bottom line of why they’re out here was best expressed by the undergrad student in the crew, 23-year-old Jackson Yip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, the papers that will be coming out of these observations and the knowledge we gain from it will ultimately save property and save lives,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, the lab is adding a \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka_band\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ka-band mobile Doppler radar\u003c/a> unit to its arsenal. Clements says that will give them unprecedented range and power to demystify the forces inside a fire’s smoke plume.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"radiolab": {
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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},
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
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"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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