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"content": "\u003cp>With the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/tag/climate-change/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit this week\u003c/a> in San Francisco, California is having its moment in the sun, to try out its role in helping world leaders define climate change policies. We wanted to talk with someone who’s had a front row seat as California’s role has evolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”18H1LxXbMxVyPywr4fWLnx7zm0487EO7″]Terry Tamminen was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger’s chief policy advisor on the environment and the architect of the state’s Global Warming Solutions Act, among other big initiatives. He now runs the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation, a non-profit focusing on conservation and climate change. KQED’s Brian Watt met up with Tamminen at San Francisco’s Exploratorium, which is hosting a few \u003ca href=\"https://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/calendar/after-dark/september-13-2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">summit events\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watt: How did climate change become a big issue for Arnold Schwarzenegger when he was governor?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamminen: Well, first of all, people might be surprised to know that the action hero who went around on movies, blowing things up, and in real life driving a Hummer, was actually a committed environmentalist. He grew up in Austria, in post-war Austria, where the cities were still very devastated and dirty, and his family would send him up into the mountains in the summers. So he got a real organic appreciation for nature and then that led to his appreciation for health and bodybuilding and so forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he decided to run for office, he always wanted to focus on environmental protection as one of his initiatives because when he came to California, he had this vision of healthy people running along a beautiful beach with their bronzed bodies in the sun, and was stunned to find air pollution that, as he says, would sting his eyes and his lungs. And he’d run on the beach and step on trash. [Environmental protection] was always something he wanted to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watt: So this is not something that occurred to him when he became governor, that California needed to have very ambitious climate goals from the outset?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamminen: When he first decided to run, Bobby Kennedy Jr. suggested that he contact me — I was running a foundation at the time — to help him set up policies. Because it’s one thing to know what the problems are, — we could all see forests and species disappearing and smog and various other problems that we wanted to change — but it’s a different thing to know how to push the levers of government to make those changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”DVicyKSoG7a9I4UBjcv29WaBtE4BaROj”]So literally two days after he announced for governor, he called me, we got together and started talking about everything from water policy to marine protected areas, to land that needed to be conserved in California, how to give people more access to parks and open spaces, how to tackle various kinds of pollution. And then climate change, coming from Europe that was something that even back in 2003 he was very aware of and wanted to do something about. So we setup our climate policies as part of his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watt: Once Jerry Brown became governor, did he consult with his predecessor on climate change issues?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamminen: Sure, and I could tell you, we consulted with him. He was attorney general don’t forget, while Schwarzenegger was governor. And we built a lot of our programs standing on his shoulders, because when he was first governor, he put the California Energy Commission into place. They called him Governor Moonbeam back then because they didn’t think solar and those types of things were practical. But, obviously, we know today that he was right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1931216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Schwarzenegger walks on top of a roof surrounded by solar panels.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On Earth Day, April 22, 2009, California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger tours a solar panel installation on the roof of a Sam’s Club store in Glendora, California. \u003ccite>(Photo by David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watt: Where will California go with regard to climate change?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamminen: Well, hopefully we become our own country; we’d be the seventh largest economy on the planet, if we were, and then we’d have a little more control over our destiny and wouldn’t always be fighting. You have to remember that even Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger, we had to sue Republican George Bush to protect some of our climate laws, and we won. So, look, I think California’s going to continue to get cleaner and healthier. I used to run the California EPA; I can tell you those folks are dedicated to implementing our state and federal laws even when we have an administration in Washington that isn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watt: You barely, barely chuckled back there when you talked about California becoming its own country. I just want to ask, might it have to come to that for California to reach its aggressive climate change goals?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamminen: Well let’s just keep this between you and me for now, but the truth is we’ve already done it. California has unique rights under the Clean Air Act and that’s one of the reasons we were able to regulate what comes out of a tailpipe, which then the Obama administration federalized in the form of fuel economy standards, and now, of course, Trump is trying to roll back. But because of those unique rights, we get to do that. And it’s such a big market that the car makers obviously are not going to fail to comply. And that’s the kind of thing which, because we have that regulatory authority and that market size, then other states and companies follow. So in many ways — again, let’s just keep this between us — we are already the Republic of California.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/tag/climate-change/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit this week\u003c/a> in San Francisco, California is having its moment in the sun, to try out its role in helping world leaders define climate change policies. We wanted to talk with someone who’s had a front row seat as California’s role has evolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Terry Tamminen was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger’s chief policy advisor on the environment and the architect of the state’s Global Warming Solutions Act, among other big initiatives. He now runs the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation, a non-profit focusing on conservation and climate change. KQED’s Brian Watt met up with Tamminen at San Francisco’s Exploratorium, which is hosting a few \u003ca href=\"https://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/calendar/after-dark/september-13-2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">summit events\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watt: How did climate change become a big issue for Arnold Schwarzenegger when he was governor?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamminen: Well, first of all, people might be surprised to know that the action hero who went around on movies, blowing things up, and in real life driving a Hummer, was actually a committed environmentalist. He grew up in Austria, in post-war Austria, where the cities were still very devastated and dirty, and his family would send him up into the mountains in the summers. So he got a real organic appreciation for nature and then that led to his appreciation for health and bodybuilding and so forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he decided to run for office, he always wanted to focus on environmental protection as one of his initiatives because when he came to California, he had this vision of healthy people running along a beautiful beach with their bronzed bodies in the sun, and was stunned to find air pollution that, as he says, would sting his eyes and his lungs. And he’d run on the beach and step on trash. [Environmental protection] was always something he wanted to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watt: So this is not something that occurred to him when he became governor, that California needed to have very ambitious climate goals from the outset?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamminen: When he first decided to run, Bobby Kennedy Jr. suggested that he contact me — I was running a foundation at the time — to help him set up policies. Because it’s one thing to know what the problems are, — we could all see forests and species disappearing and smog and various other problems that we wanted to change — but it’s a different thing to know how to push the levers of government to make those changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>So literally two days after he announced for governor, he called me, we got together and started talking about everything from water policy to marine protected areas, to land that needed to be conserved in California, how to give people more access to parks and open spaces, how to tackle various kinds of pollution. And then climate change, coming from Europe that was something that even back in 2003 he was very aware of and wanted to do something about. So we setup our climate policies as part of his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watt: Once Jerry Brown became governor, did he consult with his predecessor on climate change issues?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamminen: Sure, and I could tell you, we consulted with him. He was attorney general don’t forget, while Schwarzenegger was governor. And we built a lot of our programs standing on his shoulders, because when he was first governor, he put the California Energy Commission into place. They called him Governor Moonbeam back then because they didn’t think solar and those types of things were practical. But, obviously, we know today that he was right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1931216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Schwarzenegger walks on top of a roof surrounded by solar panels.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/GettyImages-86164324-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On Earth Day, April 22, 2009, California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger tours a solar panel installation on the roof of a Sam’s Club store in Glendora, California. \u003ccite>(Photo by David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watt: Where will California go with regard to climate change?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tamminen: Well, hopefully we become our own country; we’d be the seventh largest economy on the planet, if we were, and then we’d have a little more control over our destiny and wouldn’t always be fighting. You have to remember that even Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger, we had to sue Republican George Bush to protect some of our climate laws, and we won. So, look, I think California’s going to continue to get cleaner and healthier. 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"content": "\u003cp>City-dwellers would probably agree that cities are the best, but when it comes to greenhouse gas emissions, they’re pretty much the worst. Cities consume over two-thirds of the world’s energy and \u003ca href=\"https://www.c40.org/why_cities\">account for more than 70 percent\u003c/a> of global CO2 emissions, according to the C40, a coalition of cities that have banded together to address climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 60 percent of we humans are expected to \u003ca href=\"http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/urbanization/the_worlds_cities_in_2016_data_booklet.pdf\">live in cities\u003c/a> by 2030. Consequently, cities – and their mayors – have a lot of power to make change by passing laws and regulations that govern mass transit, buildings, waste… all the basic stuff that makes up the bulk of our everyday lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A C40 event, entitled ‘\u003ca href=\"https://www.c40.org/events/cities4climate-the-future-is-us\">Cities4Climate: The Future is Us\u003c/a>,’ sought to highlight some best practices at San Francisco’s City Hall on Wednesday. It was a prominent affiliate event at the Global Climate Action Summit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a dozen mayors from around the world took turns describing how they’ve solved problems in their own backyards. A sprinkling of special guests like former Vice President Al Gore added a dose of inspiration to the proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1931269\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"A panel at the Cities4Climate event. From left: moderator Jamil Smith; Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti; Seattle Mayor Jenny Durkan; Pittsburgh Mayor Bill Peduto; Salt Lake City Mayor Jackie Biskupski.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A panel at the Cities4Climate event. From left: moderator Jamil Smith; Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti; Seattle Mayor Jenny Durkan; Pittsburgh Mayor Bill Peduto; Salt Lake City Mayor Jackie Biskupski. \u003ccite>(Julia Scott)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Energy \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pennsylvania, a coal and fracking state, isn’t about to make a \u003ca href=\"https://www.c40.org/events/cities4climate-the-future-is-us\">landmark commitment\u003c/a> to 100 percent clean energy by 2045, like California Governor Jerry Brown did this week. But Pittsburgh Mayor Bill Peduto highlighted an innovative \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/11/12/563276003/pittsburghs-microgrids-technology-could-lead-the-way-for-green-energy\">“microgrid” technology initiative\u003c/a>, which would keep energy that’s sourced locally – including from solar and wind sources to be deployed in city limits – within the city, making the energy itself more sustainable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Energy companies are partnering with city because it’s about the future,” said Peduto. He mentioned that the city had gotten help from a team of engineers from Denmark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Air Pollution \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As many as 1.2 million avoidable deaths are caused by air pollution each year, according to the C40. In Paris, there are 2,500 preventable deaths a year from the scourge of tailpipe pollution from cars, particularly diesel. Paris has pledged to ban diesel cars from city limits by 2025 and has since announced it will phase out all but electric cars by 2030. Los Angeles has pledged to phase out all but electric cars by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As elected leaders, we know how hard is it to convince stakeholders that acting on climate is a top priority,” said Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo, who has gotten some pushback from Parisians about controversial street closures she has pushed through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cars are essential in Dubai, so banning them is out of the question. But Abdulla Al Basti, Secretary General of the Executive Council of Dubai, told the audience that by 2030, 25 percent of those cars (and buses) will be 100 percent autonomous and electric. The Dubai Autonomous Transportation Strategy is projected to reduce the city’s transportation costs by 44 percent, including the need for parking spaces. It should reduce accidents, and reduce overall air pollution by 12 percent, said Al Basti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Bicycles \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco got schooled by the mayors of Copenhagen and Seville. Copenhagen, of course, is a bicycle mecca. It has more than 220 miles of separated bike lanes, and they have a reputation for safety – which is why you see parents transporting their kids to school, not to mention professionals and retirees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it took two decades to transform the thinking around biking to work in that city. And $18 million in the last decade alone, according to Mayor Frank Jensen of Copenhagen. “It starts when you’re a kid. Your parents bike with you to school and it’s a lifestyle you continue to adopt,” he said. He city has moved on to a new phase and is partnering with the suburban cities that surround it to build a series of “superhighways” around the city center, to ease commute congestion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An interesting factoid emerged regarding gender and city cycling. Debbie Raphael, Director of the San Francisco Department of the Environment, revealed that women make up only 25 percent of all cyclists in San Francisco and speculated that safety concerns might be part of the problem. Copenhagen has gender parity in its cycling population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seville has gradually built up its network of bicycle lanes since 2007 and is becoming \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/jan/28/seville-cycling-capital-southern-europe-bike-lanes\">known\u003c/a> for them. Mayor Juan Espadas Sejas said they have even become a tourist attraction. And 35 percent of Seville’s everyday cyclists are women, to San Francisco’s 25 percent. “The automobile lane needs to be totally separated from the bike lane,” he explained. “It’s fundamental that we begin reducing the space for cars and their speeds, to lower the contamination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Buildings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a new buzzword when it comes to buildings: decarbonization. It means that buildings are no longer a net producer of CO2, and the city of Vancouver has a goal to decarbonize its entire building stock (including housing) by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue of affordable housing is a real challenge when buildings have fancy design elements that can help with sustainability but drive up cost, said Vancouver Mayor Gregor Robertson. “It’s the question of, ‘We just need to build anything so people have places to live’… versus, ‘We invest in the most energy efficient housing we can.’” In reality, though, “the capital at the front end is more than offset by the savings,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco has set itself a goal to decarbonize all its new buildings by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mayor of Hong Kong, Wong Kam-sing, described how his city has been able to drastically reduce the carbon footprint of its ultra-dense housing. For one thing, only a third of Hong Kong’s land mass is urbanized. Seventy percent of Hong Kong is comprised of rural land and country parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of Hong Kong’s population of seven million resides in government-owned housing. And the city’s public housing department requires all buildings to commit to an LEED-certified gold standard or higher. “We have one of the most livable cities in the world,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931270\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1931270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"A man stands a podium.\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1920x1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Al Gore addresses the audience at the Cities4Climate event in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Julia Scott)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Final Word: Al Gore \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If San Francisco were to follow Paris’s lead and ban all but electric cars, that would be a huge help. But it’s not cities like San Francisco, Paris or Pittsburgh that will be pumping out the heaviest C02 emissions going forward. It’s the megacity hubs of developing countries, which have inherited some of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/04/climate/outsourcing-carbon-emissions.html\">most polluting industries\u003c/a> from developed countries, and are also adopting energy-intensive lifestyles like ours. The International Energy Agency \u003ca href=\"http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTUWM/Resources/340232-1205330656272/4768406-1291309208465/PartIII.pdf\">estimates\u003c/a> that 89 percent of the increase in C02 emissions from energy use will come from developing countries like China and India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Vice President Al Gore sounded the challenges to come in a keynote speech at the event’s conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Throughout history, no more than 50 percent of humanity lived in cities, and now it’s well over 70 percent. Cities are where it’s at,” he said. “The solutions that cities arrive at will have leverage over the global response.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>City-dwellers would probably agree that cities are the best, but when it comes to greenhouse gas emissions, they’re pretty much the worst. Cities consume over two-thirds of the world’s energy and \u003ca href=\"https://www.c40.org/why_cities\">account for more than 70 percent\u003c/a> of global CO2 emissions, according to the C40, a coalition of cities that have banded together to address climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 60 percent of we humans are expected to \u003ca href=\"http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/urbanization/the_worlds_cities_in_2016_data_booklet.pdf\">live in cities\u003c/a> by 2030. Consequently, cities – and their mayors – have a lot of power to make change by passing laws and regulations that govern mass transit, buildings, waste… all the basic stuff that makes up the bulk of our everyday lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A C40 event, entitled ‘\u003ca href=\"https://www.c40.org/events/cities4climate-the-future-is-us\">Cities4Climate: The Future is Us\u003c/a>,’ sought to highlight some best practices at San Francisco’s City Hall on Wednesday. It was a prominent affiliate event at the Global Climate Action Summit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a dozen mayors from around the world took turns describing how they’ve solved problems in their own backyards. A sprinkling of special guests like former Vice President Al Gore added a dose of inspiration to the proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1931269\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"A panel at the Cities4Climate event. From left: moderator Jamil Smith; Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti; Seattle Mayor Jenny Durkan; Pittsburgh Mayor Bill Peduto; Salt Lake City Mayor Jackie Biskupski.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9057-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A panel at the Cities4Climate event. From left: moderator Jamil Smith; Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti; Seattle Mayor Jenny Durkan; Pittsburgh Mayor Bill Peduto; Salt Lake City Mayor Jackie Biskupski. \u003ccite>(Julia Scott)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Energy \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pennsylvania, a coal and fracking state, isn’t about to make a \u003ca href=\"https://www.c40.org/events/cities4climate-the-future-is-us\">landmark commitment\u003c/a> to 100 percent clean energy by 2045, like California Governor Jerry Brown did this week. But Pittsburgh Mayor Bill Peduto highlighted an innovative \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/11/12/563276003/pittsburghs-microgrids-technology-could-lead-the-way-for-green-energy\">“microgrid” technology initiative\u003c/a>, which would keep energy that’s sourced locally – including from solar and wind sources to be deployed in city limits – within the city, making the energy itself more sustainable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Energy companies are partnering with city because it’s about the future,” said Peduto. He mentioned that the city had gotten help from a team of engineers from Denmark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Air Pollution \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As many as 1.2 million avoidable deaths are caused by air pollution each year, according to the C40. In Paris, there are 2,500 preventable deaths a year from the scourge of tailpipe pollution from cars, particularly diesel. Paris has pledged to ban diesel cars from city limits by 2025 and has since announced it will phase out all but electric cars by 2030. Los Angeles has pledged to phase out all but electric cars by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As elected leaders, we know how hard is it to convince stakeholders that acting on climate is a top priority,” said Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo, who has gotten some pushback from Parisians about controversial street closures she has pushed through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cars are essential in Dubai, so banning them is out of the question. But Abdulla Al Basti, Secretary General of the Executive Council of Dubai, told the audience that by 2030, 25 percent of those cars (and buses) will be 100 percent autonomous and electric. The Dubai Autonomous Transportation Strategy is projected to reduce the city’s transportation costs by 44 percent, including the need for parking spaces. It should reduce accidents, and reduce overall air pollution by 12 percent, said Al Basti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Bicycles \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco got schooled by the mayors of Copenhagen and Seville. Copenhagen, of course, is a bicycle mecca. It has more than 220 miles of separated bike lanes, and they have a reputation for safety – which is why you see parents transporting their kids to school, not to mention professionals and retirees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it took two decades to transform the thinking around biking to work in that city. And $18 million in the last decade alone, according to Mayor Frank Jensen of Copenhagen. “It starts when you’re a kid. Your parents bike with you to school and it’s a lifestyle you continue to adopt,” he said. He city has moved on to a new phase and is partnering with the suburban cities that surround it to build a series of “superhighways” around the city center, to ease commute congestion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An interesting factoid emerged regarding gender and city cycling. Debbie Raphael, Director of the San Francisco Department of the Environment, revealed that women make up only 25 percent of all cyclists in San Francisco and speculated that safety concerns might be part of the problem. Copenhagen has gender parity in its cycling population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seville has gradually built up its network of bicycle lanes since 2007 and is becoming \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/jan/28/seville-cycling-capital-southern-europe-bike-lanes\">known\u003c/a> for them. Mayor Juan Espadas Sejas said they have even become a tourist attraction. And 35 percent of Seville’s everyday cyclists are women, to San Francisco’s 25 percent. “The automobile lane needs to be totally separated from the bike lane,” he explained. “It’s fundamental that we begin reducing the space for cars and their speeds, to lower the contamination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On Buildings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a new buzzword when it comes to buildings: decarbonization. It means that buildings are no longer a net producer of CO2, and the city of Vancouver has a goal to decarbonize its entire building stock (including housing) by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue of affordable housing is a real challenge when buildings have fancy design elements that can help with sustainability but drive up cost, said Vancouver Mayor Gregor Robertson. “It’s the question of, ‘We just need to build anything so people have places to live’… versus, ‘We invest in the most energy efficient housing we can.’” In reality, though, “the capital at the front end is more than offset by the savings,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco has set itself a goal to decarbonize all its new buildings by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mayor of Hong Kong, Wong Kam-sing, described how his city has been able to drastically reduce the carbon footprint of its ultra-dense housing. For one thing, only a third of Hong Kong’s land mass is urbanized. Seventy percent of Hong Kong is comprised of rural land and country parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of Hong Kong’s population of seven million resides in government-owned housing. And the city’s public housing department requires all buildings to commit to an LEED-certified gold standard or higher. “We have one of the most livable cities in the world,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931270\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1931270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"A man stands a podium.\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1920x1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/IMG_9075-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Al Gore addresses the audience at the Cities4Climate event in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Julia Scott)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Final Word: Al Gore \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If San Francisco were to follow Paris’s lead and ban all but electric cars, that would be a huge help. But it’s not cities like San Francisco, Paris or Pittsburgh that will be pumping out the heaviest C02 emissions going forward. It’s the megacity hubs of developing countries, which have inherited some of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/04/climate/outsourcing-carbon-emissions.html\">most polluting industries\u003c/a> from developed countries, and are also adopting energy-intensive lifestyles like ours. The International Energy Agency \u003ca href=\"http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTUWM/Resources/340232-1205330656272/4768406-1291309208465/PartIII.pdf\">estimates\u003c/a> that 89 percent of the increase in C02 emissions from energy use will come from developing countries like China and India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Vice President Al Gore sounded the challenges to come in a keynote speech at the event’s conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Throughout history, no more than 50 percent of humanity lived in cities, and now it’s well over 70 percent. Cities are where it’s at,” he said. “The solutions that cities arrive at will have leverage over the global response.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Governor Brown’s Biggest Climate Foe Isn’t Trump. It’s Car-Loving Californians",
"headTitle": "Governor Brown’s Biggest Climate Foe Isn’t Trump. It’s Car-Loving Californians | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>California is hosting an international summit this week to push for global action on climate change. While the Trump Administration steadily rolls back climate policies — or attempts to — cities, states and businesses from around the world are pledging major action to cut carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘The automobile is an emotional object.’\u003ccite>Mimi Sheller, Drexler University\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Gov. Jerry Brown set the stage by signing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1930972/why-100-percent-clean-energy-in-california-is-gonna-be-tricky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new state law\u003c/a> to be using 100 percent clean energy by 2045. He also issued an even broader, but less fully developed, executive order for California to be free of fossil fuels altogether by mid-century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if California is going to reach its ambitious climate change targets, the state will have to tackle its toughest challenge yet: cars, and the Californians who love them. Transportation is the state’s top source of carbon emissions and those emissions are still climbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will take a complete transformation. To produce enough emissions cuts, every new vehicle sold in California will have to be plug-in by 2040.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, electric and plug-in hybrid cars are only six percent of new vehicle sales in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get them on the roads, California is requiring automakers to sell zero-emission vehicles in the state. The goal is 5 million vehicles by 2030. Nine other states have similar policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown also unveiled $2.5 billion plan to increase charging stations and expand rebates.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you buy an electric car today and you drive it for ten years in California, your car will be cleaner every year.’\u003ccite>Gil Tal, UCDavis\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“But changing the minds of car-loving Californians is a less straightforward problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric cars have made major inroads in the Bay Area and Los Angeles. In Palo Alto, where Teslas are a common sight, plug-in cars made up 29 percent of new vehicle sales in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m getting green vehicle, an electric vehicle,” says Pablo Chang-Castillo, picking up his brand-new, black Chevy Bolt at Concord Chevrolet. He says using electricity instead of gas will save him money on his long commute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the majority of car buyers have a different take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My wife just told me her car’s too small,” says Mark Bauhs, who is test-driving mid-size SUVS. “So, I need a bigger car.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An electric car isn’t on his shopping list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t quite moved over to electric cars yet,” he says. “It definitely has never crossed my mind for a family car.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931181\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1931181\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-800x471.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"471\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-800x471.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-160x94.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-768x452.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-1020x601.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-1200x707.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-1180x695.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-960x566.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-240x141.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-375x221.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-520x306.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Brown has approved a plan to massively expand charging stations. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The main issue is that most of the Californians are not aware of the benefit and opportunity of buying plug-in electric cars,” says Gil Tal, who directs the Plug-in Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Research Center at UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While interest in electric cars is growing, surveys show that most people don’t know much about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the same as what I know about convertibles,” says Tal. “They are out there. That’s it. I know nothing more than that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tal says that in California, electric cars are cleaner than gas cars, because the electricity comes from a growing amount of solar and wind power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”kEE3NVRcx8MxG9gCsZrU6vZ8VYtsonWk”]“If you buy an electric car today and you drive it for 10 years in California,” he says, “your car will be cleaner every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That might be an incentive for some buyers, but there’s still a perception that electric cars aren’t practical. Tal says that with technological advances, that’s no longer the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many electric cars go more than 200 miles on a charge, so most drivers only really need to charge them at home, not everywhere they go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newer models of electric cars are more affordable and automakers plan to release new plug-in crossovers and SUVs. In California, a buyer can get $10,000 back in federal tax credits and state rebates on a new car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Tal says that doesn’t necessarily inspire everyone to switch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is ambitious because there is nothing really wrong with the cars we drive today,” he says. “The electric car isn’t so different that we will dump whatever we have and buy electric.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And car buyers usually don’t change their minds once they get to a dealership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the purchase process happens ahead of showing up,” he says. “At the dealer is usually too late to shift someone to buy electric.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does It Pay to Advertise?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is, if people make up their mind before going to a dealer, and electric cars are not on their radar, how could a manufacturer reach them?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probably not by advertising. Chances are most people have never seen a television ad for an electric car from a major car company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1931183\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-800x493.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"493\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-768x473.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-1020x628.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-1200x739.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-1180x727.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-960x592.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-240x148.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-375x231.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-520x320.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Electric cars use the carpool lane onramp to the Bay Bridge. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a very difficult segment,” says Steven Majoros, marketing director for Chevrolet Cars & Crossovers. “It’s a difficult product proposition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, Chevy hasn’t run a national TV spot for the Chevy Bolt, just regional ads in markets like the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s just be realistic,” he says. “How big is the EV market? In the United States, right, it’s about one, one-and-a-half percent of the market. So, we have to always balance market demand, market size with how much we — quote, unquote — advertise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[emailsignup newslettername='science' align='right']That’s a trend across automakers. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/compass/2018/08/automakers-are-still-not-advertising-electric-cars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one analysis\u003c/a>, major car companies only spend a fraction on advertising electric cars compared with their best-selling models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volkswagen is running a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/vw-electrify-america-first-ad-campaign-jetstones/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">public service announcement\u003c/a> for electric cars, but they are required to do that. It’s part of the penance for an emissions-cheating scandal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevy is counting on word of mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We like to say I’d rather have 100 people drive a Bolt EV than have 10,000 people just hear about it,” Majoros says. “So, we invested very heavily in experiential activities with drive events, auto shows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emotional Attachments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even then, electric cars face another hurdle: our car culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The automobile is an emotional object,” says Mimi Sheller, professor of sociology at Drexler University, pointing to the messaging we get in car ads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a long history of associations with masculinity and speed and power,” Sheller says. “I think we are influenced in many ways by all those cultural suggestions that are around us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ads for jeeps might show the tires grinding through deep mud, and ads for SUVs might show focus on families, highlighting safety, protectiveness and caring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We buy the car for very different reasons than what we use the car for,” says Tal. “It’s an extension of our personality, in a way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, demand for trucks and SUVs is up in the U.S. So, Sheller says, the switch to a new technology, from gas to electric, might take a disruption of some kind, like high gas prices, or a generational shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a younger generation, kind of millennial or post-millennial generation, who maybe have a different feeling towards owning cars,” she says, “and are more sympathetic to electric vehicles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bottom line: If California is going to meet its climate change targets, residents will have to change how they think about cars – and soon.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California is hosting an international summit this week to push for global action on climate change. While the Trump Administration steadily rolls back climate policies — or attempts to — cities, states and businesses from around the world are pledging major action to cut carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘The automobile is an emotional object.’\u003ccite>Mimi Sheller, Drexler University\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Gov. Jerry Brown set the stage by signing a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1930972/why-100-percent-clean-energy-in-california-is-gonna-be-tricky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new state law\u003c/a> to be using 100 percent clean energy by 2045. He also issued an even broader, but less fully developed, executive order for California to be free of fossil fuels altogether by mid-century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if California is going to reach its ambitious climate change targets, the state will have to tackle its toughest challenge yet: cars, and the Californians who love them. Transportation is the state’s top source of carbon emissions and those emissions are still climbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will take a complete transformation. To produce enough emissions cuts, every new vehicle sold in California will have to be plug-in by 2040.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, electric and plug-in hybrid cars are only six percent of new vehicle sales in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get them on the roads, California is requiring automakers to sell zero-emission vehicles in the state. The goal is 5 million vehicles by 2030. Nine other states have similar policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown also unveiled $2.5 billion plan to increase charging stations and expand rebates.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you buy an electric car today and you drive it for ten years in California, your car will be cleaner every year.’\u003ccite>Gil Tal, UCDavis\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“But changing the minds of car-loving Californians is a less straightforward problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric cars have made major inroads in the Bay Area and Los Angeles. In Palo Alto, where Teslas are a common sight, plug-in cars made up 29 percent of new vehicle sales in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m getting green vehicle, an electric vehicle,” says Pablo Chang-Castillo, picking up his brand-new, black Chevy Bolt at Concord Chevrolet. He says using electricity instead of gas will save him money on his long commute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the majority of car buyers have a different take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My wife just told me her car’s too small,” says Mark Bauhs, who is test-driving mid-size SUVS. “So, I need a bigger car.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An electric car isn’t on his shopping list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t quite moved over to electric cars yet,” he says. “It definitely has never crossed my mind for a family car.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931181\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1931181\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-800x471.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"471\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-800x471.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-160x94.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-768x452.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-1020x601.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-1200x707.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-1180x695.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-960x566.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-240x141.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-375x221.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_10-520x306.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Brown has approved a plan to massively expand charging stations. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The main issue is that most of the Californians are not aware of the benefit and opportunity of buying plug-in electric cars,” says Gil Tal, who directs the Plug-in Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Research Center at UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While interest in electric cars is growing, surveys show that most people don’t know much about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the same as what I know about convertibles,” says Tal. “They are out there. That’s it. I know nothing more than that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tal says that in California, electric cars are cleaner than gas cars, because the electricity comes from a growing amount of solar and wind power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>“If you buy an electric car today and you drive it for 10 years in California,” he says, “your car will be cleaner every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That might be an incentive for some buyers, but there’s still a perception that electric cars aren’t practical. Tal says that with technological advances, that’s no longer the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many electric cars go more than 200 miles on a charge, so most drivers only really need to charge them at home, not everywhere they go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newer models of electric cars are more affordable and automakers plan to release new plug-in crossovers and SUVs. In California, a buyer can get $10,000 back in federal tax credits and state rebates on a new car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Tal says that doesn’t necessarily inspire everyone to switch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is ambitious because there is nothing really wrong with the cars we drive today,” he says. “The electric car isn’t so different that we will dump whatever we have and buy electric.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And car buyers usually don’t change their minds once they get to a dealership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the purchase process happens ahead of showing up,” he says. “At the dealer is usually too late to shift someone to buy electric.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does It Pay to Advertise?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is, if people make up their mind before going to a dealer, and electric cars are not on their radar, how could a manufacturer reach them?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probably not by advertising. Chances are most people have never seen a television ad for an electric car from a major car company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1931183\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-800x493.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"493\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-768x473.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-1020x628.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-1200x739.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-1180x727.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-960x592.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-240x148.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-375x231.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/ElectricCars_AW_16-1-520x320.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Electric cars use the carpool lane onramp to the Bay Bridge. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a very difficult segment,” says Steven Majoros, marketing director for Chevrolet Cars & Crossovers. “It’s a difficult product proposition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, Chevy hasn’t run a national TV spot for the Chevy Bolt, just regional ads in markets like the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s just be realistic,” he says. “How big is the EV market? In the United States, right, it’s about one, one-and-a-half percent of the market. So, we have to always balance market demand, market size with how much we — quote, unquote — advertise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That’s a trend across automakers. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/compass/2018/08/automakers-are-still-not-advertising-electric-cars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one analysis\u003c/a>, major car companies only spend a fraction on advertising electric cars compared with their best-selling models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volkswagen is running a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/vw-electrify-america-first-ad-campaign-jetstones/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">public service announcement\u003c/a> for electric cars, but they are required to do that. It’s part of the penance for an emissions-cheating scandal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevy is counting on word of mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We like to say I’d rather have 100 people drive a Bolt EV than have 10,000 people just hear about it,” Majoros says. “So, we invested very heavily in experiential activities with drive events, auto shows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emotional Attachments\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even then, electric cars face another hurdle: our car culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The automobile is an emotional object,” says Mimi Sheller, professor of sociology at Drexler University, pointing to the messaging we get in car ads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a long history of associations with masculinity and speed and power,” Sheller says. “I think we are influenced in many ways by all those cultural suggestions that are around us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ads for jeeps might show the tires grinding through deep mud, and ads for SUVs might show focus on families, highlighting safety, protectiveness and caring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We buy the car for very different reasons than what we use the car for,” says Tal. “It’s an extension of our personality, in a way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, demand for trucks and SUVs is up in the U.S. So, Sheller says, the switch to a new technology, from gas to electric, might take a disruption of some kind, like high gas prices, or a generational shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a younger generation, kind of millennial or post-millennial generation, who maybe have a different feeling towards owning cars,” she says, “and are more sympathetic to electric vehicles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bottom line: If California is going to meet its climate change targets, residents will have to change how they think about cars – and soon.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Even before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a> got rolling on Wednesday, news began spewing from the San Francisco event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day began with the announcement of 300 new or recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.wearestillin.com/contributions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">commitments to climate action\u003c/a> from an assortment of corporations, non-profits and state and local governments. (The list is actually an aggregation of commitments made over the last several months.)\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the movement known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.wearestillin.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">We Are Still In\u003c/a> gathered at the California Academy of Sciences to share new initiatives and spend the day workshopping ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have the threat of our lifetime,” said Mindy Lubber, head of the Boston-based sustainable-business group, CERES. “We can meet it, we can beat it, despite the fact that one guy in Washington says, ‘We are not in.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project was named as a repudiation of the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/planetpolicy/2018/06/01/one-year-since-trumps-withdrawal-from-the-paris-climate-agreement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">abandonment of the Paris climate accord\u003c/a>, now signed on to by every nation in the world except for the United States. The drive is intended as affirmation that much of the U.S. is “still in,” represented by the 3,540 signatories to the pact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group heard new commitments from the state of Virginia, which is tightening its own rules on methane emissions (even as federal regulators loosen them), to individual companies like Emeryville-based Cliff Bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the initiatives from Bay Area organizations, the iconic San Francisco clothing company Levi Strauss says it will cut greenhouse gas emissions from its operations by 90 percent, and another 40 percent from its supply chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise, the University of California is launching a system-wide conversion to renewable energy across its 10 campuses. Calling immediate climate action “a moral imperative,” UC President Janet Napolitano said that by year-end, the university will have made $1 billion in total investments toward sustainability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are out of time for debates,” she told the pre-summit gathering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We Are Still In is closely affiliated with \u003ca href=\"https://www.americaspledgeonclimate.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">America’s Pledge\u003c/a>, another coalition of “subnational actors” that this week \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/2p38RUo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rolled out a roadmap\u003c/a> for attaining the original U.S. commitment in Paris to cut carbon emissions back to at least 26 percent below 2005 levels by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Even before the \u003ca href=\"https://www.globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a> got rolling on Wednesday, news began spewing from the San Francisco event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day began with the announcement of 300 new or recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.wearestillin.com/contributions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">commitments to climate action\u003c/a> from an assortment of corporations, non-profits and state and local governments. (The list is actually an aggregation of commitments made over the last several months.)\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the movement known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.wearestillin.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">We Are Still In\u003c/a> gathered at the California Academy of Sciences to share new initiatives and spend the day workshopping ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have the threat of our lifetime,” said Mindy Lubber, head of the Boston-based sustainable-business group, CERES. “We can meet it, we can beat it, despite the fact that one guy in Washington says, ‘We are not in.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project was named as a repudiation of the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/planetpolicy/2018/06/01/one-year-since-trumps-withdrawal-from-the-paris-climate-agreement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">abandonment of the Paris climate accord\u003c/a>, now signed on to by every nation in the world except for the United States. The drive is intended as affirmation that much of the U.S. is “still in,” represented by the 3,540 signatories to the pact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group heard new commitments from the state of Virginia, which is tightening its own rules on methane emissions (even as federal regulators loosen them), to individual companies like Emeryville-based Cliff Bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the initiatives from Bay Area organizations, the iconic San Francisco clothing company Levi Strauss says it will cut greenhouse gas emissions from its operations by 90 percent, and another 40 percent from its supply chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise, the University of California is launching a system-wide conversion to renewable energy across its 10 campuses. Calling immediate climate action “a moral imperative,” UC President Janet Napolitano said that by year-end, the university will have made $1 billion in total investments toward sustainability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are out of time for debates,” she told the pre-summit gathering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We Are Still In is closely affiliated with \u003ca href=\"https://www.americaspledgeonclimate.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">America’s Pledge\u003c/a>, another coalition of “subnational actors” that this week \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/2p38RUo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rolled out a roadmap\u003c/a> for attaining the original U.S. commitment in Paris to cut carbon emissions back to at least 26 percent below 2005 levels by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "San Francisco is Hosting a Different Kind of Climate Summit",
"headTitle": "San Francisco is Hosting a Different Kind of Climate Summit | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The international effort to fight climate change is about to get injected with a bit of Hollywood flash, a lot of Wall Street green and a considerable dose of cheerleading rather than dry treaty negotiations.[contextly_sidebar id=”Yb2a0x3YAd4RTm0kz5Bc6CEkDTtu4G5d”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business leaders, mayors, governors and activists from around the world gather this week in San Francisco for the Global Climate Action \u003ca href=\"http://globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Summit,\u003c/a> where participants will trumpet what they’ve done and announce new efforts to slow a warming world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, a smattering of celebrities such as musician Dave Matthews and actor Alec Baldwin will add a touch of red carpet feel to the summit, which starts Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will involve trillions of dollars of pledges for spending on cleaner energy and getting out of investments in heat-trapping fossil fuels, according to officials involved. And it will include a newer way of fighting climate change by emphasizing more climate-friendly land use, food production and diets, along with massive increases in forests — something one expert called “the forgotten climate solution.” Cities, states, businesses and charitable foundations are all going to get in the act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a bit like a game show,” said summit communications director Nick Nuttall. “It’s going to be loads of Hollywood style announcements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when you are talking about shifting trillions of dollars to finance initiatives, the private sector needs to get involved and that’s happening, said Nigel Purvis, chief executive officer of the non-profit Climate Advisers and a former climate negotiator in the Bill Clinton and George W. Bush administrations.[contextly_sidebar id=”GXYePyYLCDsstNgGhzpaVBd6RJrlt6Au”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the climate action summit, emphasis on the action,” Purvis said. “Despite the lack of leadership from Washington, it’s really about action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But so far such pledges have produced more talk than action, said Angel Hsu, an environment professor at Yale University and the National University of Singapore. She is the lead author of a United Nations report released Monday on what businesses, states and local governments can do and already have done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That report says businesses and lower levels of government have the potential to cut enough greenhouse gases emissions to keep global warming below the danger point of another 2 degrees Fahrenheit (nearly 1 degree Celsius) from now. However, the same report says so far, 8,000 pledges from those groups haven’t accomplished much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To keep from hitting that 2 degree mark, the world has to cut its expected annual emissions by nearly 15 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2030, including what’s pledged in the 2015 Paris climate agreement. The businesses and states basically get about 4 percent there, according to Hsu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not much,” she said. “We were actually shocked to find that the numbers were so low.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hsu also looked at pledges made in 2002 in a South Africa conference and found that 65 percent of the pledges had no records showing they were acted upon.[contextly_sidebar id=”aHD9piQr1mU1uZI6UktZuxoQMUihYsvu”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week’s summit aims to create momentum for 2020 when world leaders return to the bargaining table to pledge even deeper cuts of heat-trapping emissions than set out in 2015, said Christiana Figueres, the former top United Nations climate official. She proposed this summit right after the Paris agreement was signed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is sort of the real economy speaking for itself,” Figueres said. She hopes the summit creates a “virtuous cycle” where businesses and states spur national governments to do better, which in turn spurs businesses again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pete Ogden, a former Obama climate and national security official and now a vice president at the United Nations Foundation, said “if Paris is going to work it needs to have that positive feedback loop.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Showing what people closer to the action can do and are doing to fight global warming will help global leaders pledge to do more when they gather in 2020, Ogden and Figueres said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key for Canada is phasing out coal — the dirtiest fossil fuel — by 2030, said Canadian environment minister Catherine McKenna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really important to showcase that the world is moving forward on climate action,” McKenna said. “Everyone is acting on climate change not only because it is the right thing to do but also because there’s a huge economic opportunity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the market gets on board on with climate friendly actions, she said, that makes “the billions flow into trillions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The international effort to fight climate change is about to get injected with a bit of Hollywood flash, a lot of Wall Street green and a considerable dose of cheerleading rather than dry treaty negotiations.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business leaders, mayors, governors and activists from around the world gather this week in San Francisco for the Global Climate Action \u003ca href=\"http://globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Summit,\u003c/a> where participants will trumpet what they’ve done and announce new efforts to slow a warming world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, a smattering of celebrities such as musician Dave Matthews and actor Alec Baldwin will add a touch of red carpet feel to the summit, which starts Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will involve trillions of dollars of pledges for spending on cleaner energy and getting out of investments in heat-trapping fossil fuels, according to officials involved. And it will include a newer way of fighting climate change by emphasizing more climate-friendly land use, food production and diets, along with massive increases in forests — something one expert called “the forgotten climate solution.” Cities, states, businesses and charitable foundations are all going to get in the act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a bit like a game show,” said summit communications director Nick Nuttall. “It’s going to be loads of Hollywood style announcements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when you are talking about shifting trillions of dollars to finance initiatives, the private sector needs to get involved and that’s happening, said Nigel Purvis, chief executive officer of the non-profit Climate Advisers and a former climate negotiator in the Bill Clinton and George W. Bush administrations.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the climate action summit, emphasis on the action,” Purvis said. “Despite the lack of leadership from Washington, it’s really about action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But so far such pledges have produced more talk than action, said Angel Hsu, an environment professor at Yale University and the National University of Singapore. She is the lead author of a United Nations report released Monday on what businesses, states and local governments can do and already have done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That report says businesses and lower levels of government have the potential to cut enough greenhouse gases emissions to keep global warming below the danger point of another 2 degrees Fahrenheit (nearly 1 degree Celsius) from now. However, the same report says so far, 8,000 pledges from those groups haven’t accomplished much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To keep from hitting that 2 degree mark, the world has to cut its expected annual emissions by nearly 15 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2030, including what’s pledged in the 2015 Paris climate agreement. The businesses and states basically get about 4 percent there, according to Hsu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not much,” she said. “We were actually shocked to find that the numbers were so low.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hsu also looked at pledges made in 2002 in a South Africa conference and found that 65 percent of the pledges had no records showing they were acted upon.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week’s summit aims to create momentum for 2020 when world leaders return to the bargaining table to pledge even deeper cuts of heat-trapping emissions than set out in 2015, said Christiana Figueres, the former top United Nations climate official. She proposed this summit right after the Paris agreement was signed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is sort of the real economy speaking for itself,” Figueres said. She hopes the summit creates a “virtuous cycle” where businesses and states spur national governments to do better, which in turn spurs businesses again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pete Ogden, a former Obama climate and national security official and now a vice president at the United Nations Foundation, said “if Paris is going to work it needs to have that positive feedback loop.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Showing what people closer to the action can do and are doing to fight global warming will help global leaders pledge to do more when they gather in 2020, Ogden and Figueres said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key for Canada is phasing out coal — the dirtiest fossil fuel — by 2030, said Canadian environment minister Catherine McKenna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really important to showcase that the world is moving forward on climate action,” McKenna said. “Everyone is acting on climate change not only because it is the right thing to do but also because there’s a huge economic opportunity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the market gets on board on with climate friendly actions, she said, that makes “the billions flow into trillions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Cities, States Claim They Can Make Major Climate Gains on Their Own",
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"content": "\u003cp>The much ballyhooed \u003ca href=\"https://www.globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a> starts ramping up in San Francisco on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The focus is on how to harness the energy of cities, states and business to take the fight against climate change beyond the promises made in Paris three years ago. And at least one group says it can be done — almost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been three years since the Paris climate accord, and the nations signed on to it are making slow progress putting it into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on the eve of the summit, a coalition of “real economy actors” known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.americaspledgeonclimate.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">America’s Pledge\u003c/a> released an eye-opening report. It projects that despite a retreat by the federal government, a serious push from the bottom-up could put the U.S. within reach of its Paris emissions goals by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it just requires changing the way that we’re thinking about this problem,” says Paul Bodnar, managing director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.rmi.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rocky Mountain Institute\u003c/a> and a co-author of the report, funded by Bloomberg Philanthropies. Bodnar and his co-authors conclude that current commitments from all levels of government and business are likely to reduce U.S. carbon emissions to 17 percent below 2005 levels by 2025, or about halfway to the national goal established in Paris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931090\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 834px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1931090\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic.png\" alt=\"Graphic: Population, GDP, GHG emissions\" width=\"834\" height=\"329\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic.png 834w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-160x63.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-800x316.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-768x303.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-240x95.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-375x148.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-520x205.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 834px) 100vw, 834px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. cities supporting the Paris climate agreement are equivalent to the world’s third largest economy, according to the America’s Pledge report. \u003ccite>(America's Pledge)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The group lays out a “roadmap” of 10 strategies it describes as “high-impact, near-term,” which is another way of saying they could yield a relatively quick bang for the buck. Some of them are already well along, such as the transition to renewable energy. Others, like the conversion of cars, trucks, and buses to electric power will be slower going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors say that “fully implementing” these strategies could get emissions down to 21 percent below 2005 levels, and that stretching a bit further could get the nation “within striking distance” of the 2025 target, which is at least 26 percent under 2005 levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Full implementation, however that’s defined, might seem a tad optimistic and no one involved in the effort seems to be saying it’ll be easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The incumbent industries that are heavily invested in fossil (fuel) dependence are fighting back very hard,” says Carl Pope, former Sierra Club chief and vice-chair of America’s Pledge. And while he decries the current attempts by the Trump administration to revive the fossil fuel economy in the name of “energy dominance,” Pope also points to opportunities for a high return on local investments, such as the greening of buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think innovation in construction and building design is the place where we need thousands of builders and architects and construction firms and laborers and unions working together, to figure out how we can make housing as climate-friendly as electricity is already becoming,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bodnar, who admits to being surprised by his own findings, says it’s natural to look to nations to tackle a problem like global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But in fact, what I think what we learned from this exercise is that it’s more powerful to think of what state, local, and corporate leadership can accomplish,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s release comes just two days after Gov. Jerry Brown, a co-chair of the summit, signed a bill setting California on a course toward 100 percent renewable energy by 2045, and one day after Brown’s executive order aiming for a carbon-neutral state by the same date.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The much ballyhooed \u003ca href=\"https://www.globalclimateactionsummit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Climate Action Summit\u003c/a> starts ramping up in San Francisco on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The focus is on how to harness the energy of cities, states and business to take the fight against climate change beyond the promises made in Paris three years ago. And at least one group says it can be done — almost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been three years since the Paris climate accord, and the nations signed on to it are making slow progress putting it into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on the eve of the summit, a coalition of “real economy actors” known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.americaspledgeonclimate.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">America’s Pledge\u003c/a> released an eye-opening report. It projects that despite a retreat by the federal government, a serious push from the bottom-up could put the U.S. within reach of its Paris emissions goals by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it just requires changing the way that we’re thinking about this problem,” says Paul Bodnar, managing director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.rmi.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rocky Mountain Institute\u003c/a> and a co-author of the report, funded by Bloomberg Philanthropies. Bodnar and his co-authors conclude that current commitments from all levels of government and business are likely to reduce U.S. carbon emissions to 17 percent below 2005 levels by 2025, or about halfway to the national goal established in Paris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1931090\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 834px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1931090\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic.png\" alt=\"Graphic: Population, GDP, GHG emissions\" width=\"834\" height=\"329\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic.png 834w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-160x63.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-800x316.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-768x303.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-240x95.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-375x148.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/AmPledge-Graphic-520x205.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 834px) 100vw, 834px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. cities supporting the Paris climate agreement are equivalent to the world’s third largest economy, according to the America’s Pledge report. \u003ccite>(America's Pledge)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The group lays out a “roadmap” of 10 strategies it describes as “high-impact, near-term,” which is another way of saying they could yield a relatively quick bang for the buck. Some of them are already well along, such as the transition to renewable energy. Others, like the conversion of cars, trucks, and buses to electric power will be slower going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors say that “fully implementing” these strategies could get emissions down to 21 percent below 2005 levels, and that stretching a bit further could get the nation “within striking distance” of the 2025 target, which is at least 26 percent under 2005 levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Full implementation, however that’s defined, might seem a tad optimistic and no one involved in the effort seems to be saying it’ll be easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The incumbent industries that are heavily invested in fossil (fuel) dependence are fighting back very hard,” says Carl Pope, former Sierra Club chief and vice-chair of America’s Pledge. And while he decries the current attempts by the Trump administration to revive the fossil fuel economy in the name of “energy dominance,” Pope also points to opportunities for a high return on local investments, such as the greening of buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think innovation in construction and building design is the place where we need thousands of builders and architects and construction firms and laborers and unions working together, to figure out how we can make housing as climate-friendly as electricity is already becoming,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bodnar, who admits to being surprised by his own findings, says it’s natural to look to nations to tackle a problem like global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But in fact, what I think what we learned from this exercise is that it’s more powerful to think of what state, local, and corporate leadership can accomplish,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s release comes just two days after Gov. Jerry Brown, a co-chair of the summit, signed a bill setting California on a course toward 100 percent renewable energy by 2045, and one day after Brown’s executive order aiming for a carbon-neutral state by the same date.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "U.S. Deaths From Wildfire Smoke Could Double By 2100 Even as Air Quality Improves Overall",
"headTitle": "U.S. Deaths From Wildfire Smoke Could Double By 2100 Even as Air Quality Improves Overall | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>As wildfire season intensifies due to climate change, a new study finds that the number of U.S. deaths linked to the chronic inhalation of wildfire smoke could double by the end of the century — to more than 40,000 deaths per year.[contextly_sidebar id=”M3M5DyyUYffqWEz81xgsDJm4P5svG3Ie”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2018GH000144\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the journal GeoHealth\u003c/a>, is the first to simulate the effects of wildfire smoke on human health over the coming decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers looked at the impacts of changing fire emissions on air quality and premature deaths in the middle to late 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the model, the number of deaths from chronic inhalation of wildfire smoke could increase to more than 40,000 per year by the end of the 21st century, up from around 15,000 per year today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Declines in air pollution from human sources such as cars could be offset by increases in emissions from more intense wildfires, according to co-author Jeff Pierce, associate professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the U.S. Forest Service’s wildfire suppression costs reached a record\u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/blogs/2018-predicted-be-challenging-wildfire-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> high of $2.4 billion.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Smoke concentrations will roughly double and this will counteract a lot of improvements gained from a reduction in emissions from human sources, such as power plants,” says Pierce.[contextly_sidebar id=”ZBSnpUWr3GDytt4NOd5KXiuOFKegGScb”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire smoke\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926793/protecting-your-health-from-toxic-wildfire-smoke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> poses a risk to human health\u003c/a> because of its composition, a mixture of gases and microscopic particles from burned material known as particulate matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exposure\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/features/wildfires/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to particulate matter\u003c/a> can irritate the eyes, aggravate respiratory issues, and worsen chronic heart and lung diseases, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can also lead\u003ca href=\"https://www3.epa.gov/airnow/wildfire_may2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to premature death\u003c/a> in people with heart or lung disease, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the study, researchers used simulated concentrations of particulate matter generated by a model for early, mid, and late-century time frames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on those concentrations, researchers then calculated the expected number of annual deaths due to chronic exposure to wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We relied on previously done epidemiological studies that have come up with relationships between particulate matter concentrations and death rates,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings underscore the importance of preparing for future air quality changes caused by wildfires, according to Pierce.[contextly_sidebar id=”GDcM14JS6EO9cSJhJF2nIvYmx8v5FrMP”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he cautions that more research needs to be done since the findings were based on a single simulation due to the high costs associated with doing environmental-based computational work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first simulation of its kind and we don’t have a proper probability distribution model,” says Pierce. “With more models, you can come up with a range of probabilities of what the future might look like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The model used in the study bases its estimates on current climate projections that corrects for future things like temperature and relative humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our study is a starting point and the information could be used as a first estimate of what to prepare for,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health campaigns in conjunction with climate mitigation efforts could help reduce human exposure to wildfire smoke, according to the study’s authors.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As wildfire season intensifies due to climate change, a new study finds that the number of U.S. deaths linked to the chronic inhalation of wildfire smoke could double by the end of the century — to more than 40,000 deaths per year.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2018GH000144\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the journal GeoHealth\u003c/a>, is the first to simulate the effects of wildfire smoke on human health over the coming decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers looked at the impacts of changing fire emissions on air quality and premature deaths in the middle to late 21st century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the model, the number of deaths from chronic inhalation of wildfire smoke could increase to more than 40,000 per year by the end of the 21st century, up from around 15,000 per year today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Declines in air pollution from human sources such as cars could be offset by increases in emissions from more intense wildfires, according to co-author Jeff Pierce, associate professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the U.S. Forest Service’s wildfire suppression costs reached a record\u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/blogs/2018-predicted-be-challenging-wildfire-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> high of $2.4 billion.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Smoke concentrations will roughly double and this will counteract a lot of improvements gained from a reduction in emissions from human sources, such as power plants,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire smoke\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926793/protecting-your-health-from-toxic-wildfire-smoke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> poses a risk to human health\u003c/a> because of its composition, a mixture of gases and microscopic particles from burned material known as particulate matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exposure\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/features/wildfires/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to particulate matter\u003c/a> can irritate the eyes, aggravate respiratory issues, and worsen chronic heart and lung diseases, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can also lead\u003ca href=\"https://www3.epa.gov/airnow/wildfire_may2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to premature death\u003c/a> in people with heart or lung disease, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the study, researchers used simulated concentrations of particulate matter generated by a model for early, mid, and late-century time frames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on those concentrations, researchers then calculated the expected number of annual deaths due to chronic exposure to wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We relied on previously done epidemiological studies that have come up with relationships between particulate matter concentrations and death rates,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings underscore the importance of preparing for future air quality changes caused by wildfires, according to Pierce.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he cautions that more research needs to be done since the findings were based on a single simulation due to the high costs associated with doing environmental-based computational work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first simulation of its kind and we don’t have a proper probability distribution model,” says Pierce. “With more models, you can come up with a range of probabilities of what the future might look like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The model used in the study bases its estimates on current climate projections that corrects for future things like temperature and relative humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our study is a starting point and the information could be used as a first estimate of what to prepare for,” says Pierce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health campaigns in conjunction with climate mitigation efforts could help reduce human exposure to wildfire smoke, according to the study’s authors.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "7 Climate Change Cartoons From Pulitzer Prize Winner Mark Fiore",
"headTitle": "7 Climate Change Cartoons From Pulitzer Prize Winner Mark Fiore | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>KQED’s in-house cartoonist, Mark Fiore, has tackled \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">many subjects\u003c/a> over the years, including climate change. With the three-day Global Action Climate Summit convening this week in San Francisco, here are seven Fiore panels to put you in the mood. Or at least, \u003cem>a\u003c/em> mood …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>S.F. Bay Waters Rising Faster\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"794\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-800x538.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-768x517.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-1020x686.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-960x646.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-375x252.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say climate change could cause San Francisco Bay to \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/bayareasealevelrise\">rise 5 feet by 2100\u003c/a>, putting airports, power plants and homes at risk. Over the past 118 years, the level of the bay — as measured at San Francisco’s Presidio — has risen 8 inches. A 5-foot sea level rise over the next 82 years would severely impact low-lying areas all around the region. (5/29/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr />\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drought, Flood, Repeat \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930801\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"804\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-800x545.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-768x523.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1020x695.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-960x654.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-240x164.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-375x256.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-520x354.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new study shows California weather is \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreclimatewhip\">set to get even wilder\u003c/a>, with more extreme droughts and floods in the state’s future. UCLA climate scientists project wetter wets and drier dries as climate change increases California’s “weather whiplash.” The lead author of the study, Daniel Swain, said, “I can definitely attest to being unnerved by some of our findings.” Increasingly extreme weather events could lead to $1 trillion catastrophes. (4/23/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Summer in San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty degrees or 90 degrees, which Bay Area summer do you prefer If it’s too hot for you, just get yourself to the coast. If it’s too cold, head inland. Choose your own summer (work and transportation permitting). (7/4/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Megafires’ in California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930806\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"891\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-800x604.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-768x580.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-1020x770.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-960x725.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-375x283.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-520x393.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven of the \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorefireclimate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most destructive wildfires\u003c/a> in California history occurred in the past 10 months. If it seems like fires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683410/carr-fire-expands-in-shasta-two-wildfires-blaze-in-mendocino\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">burning across the state\u003c/a> are burning hotter and more intensely, it’s because they are. Climate change is one of the leading factors contributing to California’s new “megafires.” (8/18/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gov. Jerry Brown on Climate Change Denier ‘Troglodytes’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930587\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a climate change event coinciding with the U.N. meeting in New York, Gov. Jerry Brown compared Trump supporters to “\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/09/18/jerry-brown-criticize-trump-supporters-242846\">people who dwell in deep, dark caves\u003c/a>.” This isn’t the first time Brown has referred to climate deniers as “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2015/11/16/governor-brown-takes-climate-message-to-world-stage/\">troglodytes\u003c/a>.” It seems like Gov. Brown has upped the ante on Hillary Clinton’s “deplorables” comment. (9/20/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Pink Christmas\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930811\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Thomas Fire in Ventura County, now the fifth largest in California history, grew over the weekend as Gov. Jerry Brown talked of the possibility of “firefighting at Christmas.” The governor warned that climate change has made big wildfires in California a year-round danger. Here’s hoping Santa has more in his sleigh than just toys. (12/11/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Back to the Future of Emissions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930591\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"787\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreepafuel\">rejected Obama-era fuel efficiency standards\u003c/a> and set the stage for a battle with California clean air regulators. In a reference to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1922025/feds-target-unique-waiver-that-allows-california-to-set-emissions-limits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">special exemption that allows California to set tougher emissions standards\u003c/a> than the federal government does, EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt said, “cooperative federalism doesn’t mean that one state can dictate standards for the rest of the country.” (4/3/18)\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>KQED’s in-house cartoonist, Mark Fiore, has tackled \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">many subjects\u003c/a> over the years, including climate change. With the three-day Global Action Climate Summit convening this week in San Francisco, here are seven Fiore panels to put you in the mood. Or at least, \u003cem>a\u003c/em> mood …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>S.F. Bay Waters Rising Faster\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"794\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-800x538.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-768x517.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-1020x686.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-960x646.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-240x161.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-375x252.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/sfbaywaters-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say climate change could cause San Francisco Bay to \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/bayareasealevelrise\">rise 5 feet by 2100\u003c/a>, putting airports, power plants and homes at risk. Over the past 118 years, the level of the bay — as measured at San Francisco’s Presidio — has risen 8 inches. A 5-foot sea level rise over the next 82 years would severely impact low-lying areas all around the region. (5/29/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr />\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drought, Flood, Repeat \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930801\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"804\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-800x545.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-768x523.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-1020x695.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-960x654.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-240x164.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-375x256.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/unnerved_042318_final-1180x804-520x354.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new study shows California weather is \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreclimatewhip\">set to get even wilder\u003c/a>, with more extreme droughts and floods in the state’s future. UCLA climate scientists project wetter wets and drier dries as climate change increases California’s “weather whiplash.” The lead author of the study, Daniel Swain, said, “I can definitely attest to being unnerved by some of our findings.” Increasingly extreme weather events could lead to $1 trillion catastrophes. (4/23/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Summer in San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/summer_vaca-1-1180x1180-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty degrees or 90 degrees, which Bay Area summer do you prefer If it’s too hot for you, just get yourself to the coast. If it’s too cold, head inland. Choose your own summer (work and transportation permitting). (7/4/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Megafires’ in California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930806\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"891\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-800x604.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-768x580.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-1020x770.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-960x725.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-375x283.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/newnormal_080818_final-1180x891-520x393.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven of the \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorefireclimate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most destructive wildfires\u003c/a> in California history occurred in the past 10 months. If it seems like fires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11683410/carr-fire-expands-in-shasta-two-wildfires-blaze-in-mendocino\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">burning across the state\u003c/a> are burning hotter and more intensely, it’s because they are. Climate change is one of the leading factors contributing to California’s new “megafires.” (8/18/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gov. Jerry Brown on Climate Change Denier ‘Troglodytes’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930587\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/browncavedwellers-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a climate change event coinciding with the U.N. meeting in New York, Gov. Jerry Brown compared Trump supporters to “\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/09/18/jerry-brown-criticize-trump-supporters-242846\">people who dwell in deep, dark caves\u003c/a>.” This isn’t the first time Brown has referred to climate deniers as “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2015/11/16/governor-brown-takes-climate-message-to-world-stage/\">troglodytes\u003c/a>.” It seems like Gov. Brown has upped the ante on Hillary Clinton’s “deplorables” comment. (9/20/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Pink Christmas\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1930811\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"1180\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/firefighting_121117_final-1180x1180-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Thomas Fire in Ventura County, now the fifth largest in California history, grew over the weekend as Gov. Jerry Brown talked of the possibility of “firefighting at Christmas.” The governor warned that climate change has made big wildfires in California a year-round danger. Here’s hoping Santa has more in his sleigh than just toys. (12/11/17)\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Back to the Future of Emissions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1930591\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1180\" height=\"787\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/reversa_040318_final-1180x787-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1180px) 100vw, 1180px\" />\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreepafuel\">rejected Obama-era fuel efficiency standards\u003c/a> and set the stage for a battle with California clean air regulators. In a reference to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1922025/feds-target-unique-waiver-that-allows-california-to-set-emissions-limits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">special exemption that allows California to set tougher emissions standards\u003c/a> than the federal government does, EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt said, “cooperative federalism doesn’t mean that one state can dictate standards for the rest of the country.” (4/3/18)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Great-Grandmother's Art Examines 'Planet Earth Screwed'",
"headTitle": "Great-Grandmother’s Art Examines ‘Planet Earth Screwed’ | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>With her white, wispy hair and smiling eyes behind delicate glasses, 92-year old Phyllis Thelen looks every bit the great-grandmother that she is. But she’s got a biting sense of irony.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you step into her San Rafael art studio, one of the first things you notice are the 12 wooden globes up on a high shelf. They’re big — the size of soccer balls. Each globe is covered in something representing the various ways humans are despoiling the planet — homes, flames — and sits atop a silver screw, screwed into a wooden block.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phyllis calls her collection “Planet Earth Screwed.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is Phyllis Thelen’s moment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t paint flowers. I don’t do the usual beauty that most people think about. I look at the wrinkles in a piece of bark, which has a really attractive look that nature did herself. I like to look at pieces that fell off of trees and plants that are dead — totally dead — because they are dry and I can keep them looking that way forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And — being my age — I also like the idea that the old and dried up things are still beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m a person who’s inclined to see a need and fill it, not just scream at it. So it’s natural for me to make this art that somehow addresses these issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I’ve seen a lot in the last 92 years that make me very aware of how things are changing here. One of the biggest changes came when we saw a picture of Planet Earth from the moon or one of the rockets. Beautiful little orb there swirling in the blue with green and blue — and it was maybe the first time that I really had a picture of how we looked from afar. And I began to think of it as such a vulnerable, little thing out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1931360\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2100\" height=\"1400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg 2100w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2100px) 100vw, 2100px\">\u003c/a>And I began to think about the smog I remembered. I began to see it covered in soot. And I began to think about the plastic floating in the ocean. To look at this beautiful blue globe and see big blobs of plastic — bigger than California — blew my mind. I couldn’t imagine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I couldn’t think of looking at the planet anymore without seeing smudges and smears and terrible things. So I made 12 globes showing what happens when you do something like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why these planets are screwed into a stand to hold them. It’s obvious they’re on a screw. And I really feel that that’s what we’re doing. It’s us; it’s not anything else. It’s not just nature. Nature’s reacting to what we are doing. We’re making it more and more difficult for the Earth to function the way it is intended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The world can be unscrewed the way it is now. I think we have gone a long way into messing things up and it’s going to take drastic work. And maybe if we all did one thing we felt might make a difference, we would find it really did makes a huge difference. It’s just a matter of deciding to be a partner in this with nature in this whole struggle to keep our Planet Earth looking the way it used to look from afar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phyllis Thelen is an award-winning artist in San Rafael. She’s a mother of four, grandmother of 12, and great-grandmother of seven. Becky Hoag reported and produced this Moment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>With her white, wispy hair and smiling eyes behind delicate glasses, 92-year old Phyllis Thelen looks every bit the great-grandmother that she is. But she’s got a biting sense of irony.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you step into her San Rafael art studio, one of the first things you notice are the 12 wooden globes up on a high shelf. They’re big — the size of soccer balls. Each globe is covered in something representing the various ways humans are despoiling the planet — homes, flames — and sits atop a silver screw, screwed into a wooden block.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phyllis calls her collection “Planet Earth Screwed.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is Phyllis Thelen’s moment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t paint flowers. I don’t do the usual beauty that most people think about. I look at the wrinkles in a piece of bark, which has a really attractive look that nature did herself. I like to look at pieces that fell off of trees and plants that are dead — totally dead — because they are dry and I can keep them looking that way forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And — being my age — I also like the idea that the old and dried up things are still beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m a person who’s inclined to see a need and fill it, not just scream at it. So it’s natural for me to make this art that somehow addresses these issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I’ve seen a lot in the last 92 years that make me very aware of how things are changing here. One of the biggest changes came when we saw a picture of Planet Earth from the moon or one of the rockets. Beautiful little orb there swirling in the blue with green and blue — and it was maybe the first time that I really had a picture of how we looked from afar. And I began to think of it as such a vulnerable, little thing out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1931360\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2100\" height=\"1400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist.jpg 2100w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/09/phyllis-thelen-artist-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2100px) 100vw, 2100px\">\u003c/a>And I began to think about the smog I remembered. I began to see it covered in soot. And I began to think about the plastic floating in the ocean. To look at this beautiful blue globe and see big blobs of plastic — bigger than California — blew my mind. I couldn’t imagine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I couldn’t think of looking at the planet anymore without seeing smudges and smears and terrible things. So I made 12 globes showing what happens when you do something like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why these planets are screwed into a stand to hold them. It’s obvious they’re on a screw. And I really feel that that’s what we’re doing. It’s us; it’s not anything else. It’s not just nature. Nature’s reacting to what we are doing. We’re making it more and more difficult for the Earth to function the way it is intended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The world can be unscrewed the way it is now. I think we have gone a long way into messing things up and it’s going to take drastic work. And maybe if we all did one thing we felt might make a difference, we would find it really did makes a huge difference. It’s just a matter of deciding to be a partner in this with nature in this whole struggle to keep our Planet Earth looking the way it used to look from afar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phyllis Thelen is an award-winning artist in San Rafael. She’s a mother of four, grandmother of 12, and great-grandmother of seven. Becky Hoag reported and produced this Moment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Giant Trash Collecting Device To Be Deployed in the Pacific Ocean",
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"content": "\u003cp>Engineers are deploying a trash collection device to corral plastic litter floating between California and Hawaii in an attempt to clean up the world’s largest garbage patch in the heart of the Pacific Ocean.[contextly_sidebar id=”ExPcTJVxDRlo48dyas0ULQBwRiF1WAjq”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2,000-foot long floating boom is being towed from San Francisco to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch — an island of trash twice the size of Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system was created by The Ocean Cleanup, an organization founded by Boyan Slat, a 24-year-old innovator from the Netherlands who first became passionate about cleaning the oceans when he went scuba diving at age 16 in the Mediterranean Sea and saw more plastic bags than fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The plastic is really persistent and it doesn’t go away by itself and the time to act is now,” Slat said, adding that researchers with his organization found plastic going back to the 1960s and 1970s bobbing in the patch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The buoyant, U-shaped barrier made of plastic and with a tapered 10-foot deep screen, is intended to act like a coastline, trapping some of the 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic that scientists estimate are swirling in that gyre but allowing marine life to safely swim beneath it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fitted with solar power lights, cameras, sensors and satellite antennas, the cleanup system will communicate its position at all times, allowing a support vessel to fish out the collected plastic every few months and transport it to dry land where it will be recycled, said Slat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shipping containers filled with the fishing nets, plastic bottles, laundry baskets and other plastic refuse scooped up by the system being deployed Saturday are expected to be back on land within a year, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slat said he and his team will pay close attention to whether the system works efficiently and withstands harsh ocean conditions, including huge waves. He said he’s most looking forward to a ship loaded with plastic coming back to port.[contextly_sidebar id=”HEddLyWKjztJ783eMOy5VlBtKi6DphNB”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still have to prove the technology… which will then allow us to scale up a fleet of systems,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ocean Cleanup, which has raised $35 million in donations to fund the project, including from Salesforce.com chief executive Marc Benioff and PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel, will deploy 60 free-floating barriers in the Pacific Ocean by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our goals is to remove 50 percent of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in five years,” Slat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The free-floating barriers are made to withstand harsh weather conditions and constant wear and tear. They will stay in the water for two decades and in that time collect 90 percent of the trash in the patch, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George Leonard, chief scientist of the Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit environmental advocacy group, said he’s skeptical Slat can achieve that goal because even if plastic trash can be taken out of the ocean, a lot more is pouring in each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We at the Ocean Conservancy are highly skeptical but we hope it works,” he said. “The ocean needs all the help it can get.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leonard said 9 million tons of plastic waste enter the ocean annually and that a solution must include a multi-pronged approach, including stopping plastic from reaching the ocean and more education so people reduce consumption of single use plastic containers and bottles.[contextly_sidebar id=”4iprbOctg89xEZy7VIqjdqBwvJKYxjhg”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t stop plastics from flowing into the ocean, it will be a Sisyphean task,” Leonard said, citing the Greek myth of a task never completed. He added that on September 15 about 1 million volunteers around the world will collect trash from beaches and waterways as part of the Ocean Conservancy’s annual International Coastal Cleanup. Volunteers last year collected about 10,000 tons of plastics worldwide over two hours, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leonard also raised concerns that marine and wildlife could be entangled by the net that will hang below the surface. He said he hopes Slat’s group is transparent with its data and shares information with the public about what happens with the first deployment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has set a very large and lofty goal and we certainly hope it works but we really are not going to know until it is deployed,” Leonard said. “We have to wait and see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system will act as a “big boat that stands still in the water” and will have a screen and not a net so that there is nothing for marine life to get entangled with. As an extra precautionary measure, a boat carrying experienced marine biologists will be deployed to make sure the device is not harming wildlife, Slat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the first to acknowledge this has never done before and that it is important to collect plastic on land and close the taps on plastic entering into the ocean, but I also think humanity can do more than one thing at a time to tackle this problem,” Slat said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
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