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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Meta’s complaint came after the U.S. Supreme Court’s conservative majority on Wednesday \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/supreme-court-regulatory-agencies-sec-enforcement-c3a3cae2f4bc5f53dd6a23e99d3a1fac\">seemed open to a challenge\u003c/a> to how the Securities and Exchange Commission fights fraud in a case that could have far-reaching effects on other regulatory agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A majority of the nine-member court suggested that people accused of fraud by the SEC should have the right to have their cases decided by a jury in federal court, instead of by the SEC’s in-house administrative law judges, echoing elements of Meta’s lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Sen. Edward Markey, a frequent critic of Meta and other Big Tech companies, called Meta’s lawsuit a “weak attempt to avoid accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the face of a potentially massive fine, Meta’s adoption of extreme, right-wing legal theories to challenge our country’s premier consumer protection agency reeks of desperation,” Markey, a Massachusetts Democrat, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Read Part One of this story about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955680/explaining-303-creative-decision\">the Supreme Court’s recent ruling on LGBTQ+ discrimination\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last days of June, the Supreme Court struck down affirmative action, opened the door to LGBTQ+ discrimination and outlawed the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loans. These are monumental rulings that directly affect people of color, queer folks, prospective students and the 43 million Americans who would have had some relief from their student debt — leaving many devastated and fearful for the future.[aside label='More Supreme Court Explainers' tag='explaining-the-supreme-court']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/explaining-the-supreme-court\">our series on the ramifications of these Supreme Court decisions\u003c/a>, we’re unpacking how they’ll affect you — and what can be done about it. In this explainer, we hear from experts about the Supreme Court’s two decisions that affect students: namely, the court’s rulings against affirmative action, and student loan forgiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do you need to know if you’re a current or prospective student? How will these decisions impact social mobility and diversity — not only in higher education but in the workforce and society more broadly? And how can you empower yourself in the face of these rulings that have proven devastating news for many?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking in front of an assembled crowd at Manny’s, a San Francisco community space, was the panel:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Courtney Liss\u003c/strong>, associate at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cody Harri\u003c/strong>s, partner at Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Matthew Coles\u003c/strong>, professor of practice at UC Law SF (formerly UC Hastings)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>June 29: The Supreme Court strikes down affirmative action in college admissions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/20-1199_hgdj.pdf\">Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College\u003c/a>, the Supreme Court declared that race cannot be a factor in admissions. Colleges and admissions can no longer consider an applicant’s race as one of many factors in deciding who to admit.[aside label='More Stories on Affirmative Action' tag='affirmative-action']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s conservative majority effectively overturned cases reaching back 45 years in invalidating admissions plans at Harvard and the University of North Carolina, the nation’s oldest private and public colleges, respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the decision for the court majority, Chief Justice John Roberts said that the nation’s colleges and universities must use colorblind criteria in admissions. Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson, the first-ever Black female justice on the Supreme Court, wrote in her dissent that “with let-them-eat-cake obliviousness,” the court’s majority “pulls the ripcord and announces ‘colorblindness for all’ by legal fiat. But deeming race irrelevant in law does not make it so in life.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/29/1181138066/affirmative-action-supreme-court-decision\">Read more on the affirmative action ruling from NPR.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What prospective students need to know about these changes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can technically still, in your main essay, write about diversity,” said San Francisco lawyer Courtney Liss, “as long as you are discussing how it individually strengthens \u003cem>your \u003c/em>application.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giving the example of her own background, Liss said that she herself could write in her application essay about how “growing up with a mom who’s a refugee, who didn’t know how to navigate social systems, made me want to go to law school.” But then, Liss added, college admissions officers now have to consider, “Did my race impact me personally in being braver?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can’t say, ‘Yeah, it’s automatically hard to have parents who don’t speak English.’ Even though it is often very hard,” Liss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who’s behind this case?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The affirmative action cases were brought by conservative activist Edward Blum, the founder of Students for Fair Admissions — the group that filed the lawsuits against both schools in 2014. The group’s argument was that the Constitution forbids the use of race in college admissions and called for overturning earlier Supreme Court decisions that said otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Courtney Liss, lawyer, Keker, Van Nest and Peters\"]‘You can technically still, in your main essay, write about diversity,” said San Francisco lawyer Courtney Liss, “as long as you are discussing how it individually strengthens your application.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students for Fair Admissions’ suit claimed that the schools particularly discriminated against Asian American students. Liss noted that as an Asian American who was the first in her family to go to college, she found this case “really tragic” in how she saw the Asian American community being “pitted against or used against, like as a wedge, in the broader community of color in which we are — and should be considered — part.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also noted the plurality of experiences among Asian Americans, saying, “So many of which are so far removed from this lawsuit” — and how the perception that “Asians are harmed by affirmative action practices” is based on this notion of the community as a monolith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How this ruling could impact students and society now\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, NPR reported on places where affirmative action has already been eliminated and found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/29/1181138066/affirmative-action-supreme-court-decision\">there was a severe drop in admissions of people of color\u003c/a> — particularly among Black students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955729\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955729\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Dozens of people protest holding signs and yelling in each other's faces.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pro-affirmative action supporters and counterprotesters shout at each outside the Supreme Court in Washington, DC, on June 29, 2023. \u003ccite>(Kent Nishimura / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These places include the University of California, which \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/university-of-california-looks-to-share-expertise-after-decades-without-affirmative-action/693374\">in 1996, was prohibited from considering race as a factor in admissions\u003c/a> after the state’s voters passed a ballot measure against affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Supreme Court’s decision on June 29, UC President Michael Drake wrote that without being able to consider race in the admissions process, institutions would now have to “work much harder to identify and address the root causes of societal inequities that hinder diverse students in pursuing and achieving a higher education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Courtney Liss, lawyer, Keker, Van Nest and Peters\"]‘We live in a country where there are so few CEOs of color, and this only strengthens that — and it only strengthens the pipeline for white students, against the interests of students of color.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Striking down affirmative action, Liss said, will not only hold back individuals, but society more broadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have fewer students of color in college, you have fewer students of color in med school and fewer students of color who become doctors … already, we live in a country with some of the highest maternal mortality rates, especially for Black mothers,” Liss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live in a country where there are so few CEOs of color, and this only strengthens that — and it only strengthens the pipeline for white students, against the interests of students of color,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>June 30: The Supreme Court strikes down Biden’s student loan forgiveness program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By ruling against the Biden administration in the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/22-506_nmip.pdf\">Biden v. Nebraska\u003c/a>, the Supreme Court effectively \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">killed the White House’s $400 billion plan\u003c/a> to cancel or reduce federal student loan debts for millions of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 6-3 decision, with conservative justices in the majority, said the Biden administration overstepped its authority with the plan, and it left borrowers on the hook for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">repayments that are expected to resume in the fall\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s loan forgiveness plan would have canceled up to $20,000 in federal student loans for 43 million people. Of those, 20 million would have had their remaining student debt erased completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How the student loans case will impact prospective students\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Addressing the practical impact of this decision on student loans, Liss said: “A lot of students like me, and like a lot of other people, won’t go [to college] … or they won’t be able to afford to go.” It was a decision, she said, that would undoubtedly “disproportionately affect people of color and people from other underrepresented backgrounds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those students who would still take on massive student loans to be able to go to college, Liss expressed deep concern about how the decision could change “the shape of their lives” on account of the sheer amount of debt they’d undertake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When thinking about the professions that many graduates now wouldn’t feel able to embark upon — “students who might be future doctors or lawyers or legislators” — because they couldn’t afford to, Liss said it was “really f—— sad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My education has been not just like a door for me, but a door for my whole family,” Liss said. “And it’s like, just slamming that door shut in people’s faces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the future of student loan forgiveness after this ruling?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the Supreme Court’s decision, Biden vowed to push ahead with a new plan to provide student loan relief for millions of borrowers, while blaming Republican “hypocrisy” for triggering the decision that wiped out his original plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have student loans,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\"> payment requirements for student loans will resume in October\u003c/a>. But Biden said that in the coming weeks, he’ll work under the authority of the Higher Education Act to begin a new program designed to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loan-new-proposal-biden-b74e9dd2b535c97a7ce0f43b600fa28b\">ease borrowers’ threat of default\u003c/a> if they fall behind over the next year. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loan-new-proposal-biden-b74e9dd2b535c97a7ce0f43b600fa28b\">Read more about the White House’s plans for student debt forgiveness after the Supreme Court ruling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s SAVE Plan, framed as “a student loan safety net,” would also allow millions of Americans with student loans to enroll in a new repayment plan that offers some of the most lenient terms ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest won’t pile up as long as borrowers make regular payments. Millions of people will have monthly payments reduced to $0. And in as little as 10 years, any remaining debt will be canceled. The Education Department says the SAVE Plan will be available to all borrowers in the Direct Loan Program who are in good standing on their loans, and that borrowers will be notified when the new application process launches this summer. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loans-debt-college-cancellation-forgiveness-34152bb5000128a413efd2287887a37a\">Read more about the SAVE Plan.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, more than 800,000 federal student loan borrowers will still have their student loan debts automatically erased, independent of the Supreme Court’s recent decision — as part of a one-time “account adjustment” for those borrowers specifically impacted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/19/1093310151/student-loans-income-based-repayment\">the White House’s controversial income-driven repayment (IDR) plans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This targeted student loan forgiveness is the result of the Biden administration’s 2022 pledge to help these borrowers after multiple complaints, lawsuits and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">an NPR investigation into IDR plans\u003c/a> into mismanagement by the department and loan servicers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/14/1187660793/student-loan-forgiveness-income-driven-repayment\">Read more about student loan forgiveness for these borrowers around IDR plans.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Answering more questions about the Supreme Court\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why it’s important to engage with Supreme Court rulings — even when the content is painful\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris issued a general urge for audiences to read and educate themselves about Supreme Court cases by finding and downloading them online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“They’re daunting at first,” he acknowledged. “But you get used to them as you read them” — adding that people shouldn’t worry if they want to “skip the boring parts and kind of get to the guts.” Eventually, Harris said, their Supreme Court-reading “muscle” will develop and they’ll “get the feel for what these things are like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why \u003cem>should \u003c/em>you read Supreme Court cases for yourself?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we just leave these issues to people like us — lawyers, professors — that’s you sort of giving away your birthright,” Harris warned. “This is part of the country. This is part of our charter of government. These people — these nine people, these lawyers in robes — are making a lot of decisions that affect all of us very personally — and our country and how it operates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incumbent upon all of us as Americans,” Harris urged, “to engage with it — as difficult as it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Could the Supreme Court be changed?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these recent rulings on affirmative action, student loan forgiveness, discrimination against LGBTQ+ people and the constitutional right to an abortion, the Supreme Court’s conservative supermajority has led many to question what’s even possible in terms of reforming the Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could there, hypothetically, be another court \u003cem>above \u003c/em>the Supreme Court?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The answer is no,” Harris confirmed. “The Constitution only provides for one court, which is the Supreme Court. It doesn’t say how many justices have to be in it, but it’s just one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Cody Harris, lawyer, Keker, Van Nest and Peters\"]‘This hasn’t been a steady march towards equality. It’s like a sine wave. It’s gone up and down — and up and down.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Harris was nonetheless keen to provide context and perspective for how the Supreme Court’s rulings have, historically, “changed over time” depending on the composition of its justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This hasn’t been a steady march towards equality,” he said. “It’s like a sine wave. It’s gone up and down — and up and down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key focus of reform advocates has been the term limits of Supreme Court justices. On June 30, California Representative Ro Khanna (D-Fremont) reintroduced the \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">Supreme Court Term Limits and Regular Appointments Act\u003c/a>, specifically prompted by the Supreme Court’s decision that blocked the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loan debt. Khanna’s bill aims to enact 18-year term limits for the justices and to “stop extreme partisanship” in a court he described as “regressive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955326/supreme-court-reform-would-ro-khannas-term-limit-proposal-work\">Read more about how Khanna’s bill would work, and its potential chances of success.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955722\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955722\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED.jpg\" alt='People hold signs reading \"Cancel Student Debt Now!\" in front of the columned facade of the supreme court.' width=\"2000\" height=\"1302\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-800x521.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1020x664.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1536x1000.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1920x1250.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Student debt relief activists participate in a rally at the US Supreme Court on June 30, 2023, in Washington, DC. \u003ccite>(Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does the Supreme Court care about public opinion?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Dobbs in 2022 to affirmative action last month, the Court’s recent rulings have drawn sharp criticism and spurred many public protests. Does this dissent have an impact on the justices?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps, Harris said — who noted that throughout its history, the Supreme Court has been “very mindful of its legitimacy — and its jealously guards it because it’s all it has.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/our-government/the-executive-branch/\">the executive branch\u003c/a> of the United States government, which includes the military, the Supreme Court “doesn’t have an army to enforce its rules and its rulings,” Harris stressed. So amid the absence of that ability to enforce its rules, “what they have is legitimacy — that when they speak, everyone up to and including the President of the United States and the military [says] ‘OK, the court has spoken.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that accord was to ever go away, Harris said, “That’s how you get what’s called a constitutional crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they’re beginning to get sensitive to the notion that there’s wide, ever-growing public belief that some of what they’re doing is not legitimate,” said Matthew Coles of the conservative justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really important if you think what they’re doing is not legitimate, to keep voicing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[hearken id=\"10483\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/10483.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Read Part One of this story about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955680/explaining-303-creative-decision\">the Supreme Court’s recent ruling on LGBTQ+ discrimination\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last days of June, the Supreme Court struck down affirmative action, opened the door to LGBTQ+ discrimination and outlawed the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loans. These are monumental rulings that directly affect people of color, queer folks, prospective students and the 43 million Americans who would have had some relief from their student debt — leaving many devastated and fearful for the future.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/explaining-the-supreme-court\">our series on the ramifications of these Supreme Court decisions\u003c/a>, we’re unpacking how they’ll affect you — and what can be done about it. In this explainer, we hear from experts about the Supreme Court’s two decisions that affect students: namely, the court’s rulings against affirmative action, and student loan forgiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do you need to know if you’re a current or prospective student? How will these decisions impact social mobility and diversity — not only in higher education but in the workforce and society more broadly? And how can you empower yourself in the face of these rulings that have proven devastating news for many?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking in front of an assembled crowd at Manny’s, a San Francisco community space, was the panel:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Courtney Liss\u003c/strong>, associate at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cody Harri\u003c/strong>s, partner at Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Matthew Coles\u003c/strong>, professor of practice at UC Law SF (formerly UC Hastings)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>June 29: The Supreme Court strikes down affirmative action in college admissions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/20-1199_hgdj.pdf\">Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College\u003c/a>, the Supreme Court declared that race cannot be a factor in admissions. Colleges and admissions can no longer consider an applicant’s race as one of many factors in deciding who to admit.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s conservative majority effectively overturned cases reaching back 45 years in invalidating admissions plans at Harvard and the University of North Carolina, the nation’s oldest private and public colleges, respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the decision for the court majority, Chief Justice John Roberts said that the nation’s colleges and universities must use colorblind criteria in admissions. Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson, the first-ever Black female justice on the Supreme Court, wrote in her dissent that “with let-them-eat-cake obliviousness,” the court’s majority “pulls the ripcord and announces ‘colorblindness for all’ by legal fiat. But deeming race irrelevant in law does not make it so in life.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/29/1181138066/affirmative-action-supreme-court-decision\">Read more on the affirmative action ruling from NPR.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What prospective students need to know about these changes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can technically still, in your main essay, write about diversity,” said San Francisco lawyer Courtney Liss, “as long as you are discussing how it individually strengthens \u003cem>your \u003c/em>application.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giving the example of her own background, Liss said that she herself could write in her application essay about how “growing up with a mom who’s a refugee, who didn’t know how to navigate social systems, made me want to go to law school.” But then, Liss added, college admissions officers now have to consider, “Did my race impact me personally in being braver?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can’t say, ‘Yeah, it’s automatically hard to have parents who don’t speak English.’ Even though it is often very hard,” Liss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who’s behind this case?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The affirmative action cases were brought by conservative activist Edward Blum, the founder of Students for Fair Admissions — the group that filed the lawsuits against both schools in 2014. The group’s argument was that the Constitution forbids the use of race in college admissions and called for overturning earlier Supreme Court decisions that said otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘You can technically still, in your main essay, write about diversity,” said San Francisco lawyer Courtney Liss, “as long as you are discussing how it individually strengthens your application.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students for Fair Admissions’ suit claimed that the schools particularly discriminated against Asian American students. Liss noted that as an Asian American who was the first in her family to go to college, she found this case “really tragic” in how she saw the Asian American community being “pitted against or used against, like as a wedge, in the broader community of color in which we are — and should be considered — part.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also noted the plurality of experiences among Asian Americans, saying, “So many of which are so far removed from this lawsuit” — and how the perception that “Asians are harmed by affirmative action practices” is based on this notion of the community as a monolith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How this ruling could impact students and society now\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, NPR reported on places where affirmative action has already been eliminated and found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/29/1181138066/affirmative-action-supreme-court-decision\">there was a severe drop in admissions of people of color\u003c/a> — particularly among Black students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955729\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955729\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Dozens of people protest holding signs and yelling in each other's faces.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pro-affirmative action supporters and counterprotesters shout at each outside the Supreme Court in Washington, DC, on June 29, 2023. \u003ccite>(Kent Nishimura / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These places include the University of California, which \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/university-of-california-looks-to-share-expertise-after-decades-without-affirmative-action/693374\">in 1996, was prohibited from considering race as a factor in admissions\u003c/a> after the state’s voters passed a ballot measure against affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Supreme Court’s decision on June 29, UC President Michael Drake wrote that without being able to consider race in the admissions process, institutions would now have to “work much harder to identify and address the root causes of societal inequities that hinder diverse students in pursuing and achieving a higher education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Striking down affirmative action, Liss said, will not only hold back individuals, but society more broadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have fewer students of color in college, you have fewer students of color in med school and fewer students of color who become doctors … already, we live in a country with some of the highest maternal mortality rates, especially for Black mothers,” Liss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live in a country where there are so few CEOs of color, and this only strengthens that — and it only strengthens the pipeline for white students, against the interests of students of color,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>June 30: The Supreme Court strikes down Biden’s student loan forgiveness program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By ruling against the Biden administration in the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/22-506_nmip.pdf\">Biden v. Nebraska\u003c/a>, the Supreme Court effectively \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">killed the White House’s $400 billion plan\u003c/a> to cancel or reduce federal student loan debts for millions of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 6-3 decision, with conservative justices in the majority, said the Biden administration overstepped its authority with the plan, and it left borrowers on the hook for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">repayments that are expected to resume in the fall\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s loan forgiveness plan would have canceled up to $20,000 in federal student loans for 43 million people. Of those, 20 million would have had their remaining student debt erased completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How the student loans case will impact prospective students\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Addressing the practical impact of this decision on student loans, Liss said: “A lot of students like me, and like a lot of other people, won’t go [to college] … or they won’t be able to afford to go.” It was a decision, she said, that would undoubtedly “disproportionately affect people of color and people from other underrepresented backgrounds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those students who would still take on massive student loans to be able to go to college, Liss expressed deep concern about how the decision could change “the shape of their lives” on account of the sheer amount of debt they’d undertake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When thinking about the professions that many graduates now wouldn’t feel able to embark upon — “students who might be future doctors or lawyers or legislators” — because they couldn’t afford to, Liss said it was “really f—— sad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My education has been not just like a door for me, but a door for my whole family,” Liss said. “And it’s like, just slamming that door shut in people’s faces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the future of student loan forgiveness after this ruling?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the Supreme Court’s decision, Biden vowed to push ahead with a new plan to provide student loan relief for millions of borrowers, while blaming Republican “hypocrisy” for triggering the decision that wiped out his original plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have student loans,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\"> payment requirements for student loans will resume in October\u003c/a>. But Biden said that in the coming weeks, he’ll work under the authority of the Higher Education Act to begin a new program designed to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loan-new-proposal-biden-b74e9dd2b535c97a7ce0f43b600fa28b\">ease borrowers’ threat of default\u003c/a> if they fall behind over the next year. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loan-new-proposal-biden-b74e9dd2b535c97a7ce0f43b600fa28b\">Read more about the White House’s plans for student debt forgiveness after the Supreme Court ruling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s SAVE Plan, framed as “a student loan safety net,” would also allow millions of Americans with student loans to enroll in a new repayment plan that offers some of the most lenient terms ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest won’t pile up as long as borrowers make regular payments. Millions of people will have monthly payments reduced to $0. And in as little as 10 years, any remaining debt will be canceled. The Education Department says the SAVE Plan will be available to all borrowers in the Direct Loan Program who are in good standing on their loans, and that borrowers will be notified when the new application process launches this summer. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loans-debt-college-cancellation-forgiveness-34152bb5000128a413efd2287887a37a\">Read more about the SAVE Plan.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, more than 800,000 federal student loan borrowers will still have their student loan debts automatically erased, independent of the Supreme Court’s recent decision — as part of a one-time “account adjustment” for those borrowers specifically impacted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/19/1093310151/student-loans-income-based-repayment\">the White House’s controversial income-driven repayment (IDR) plans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This targeted student loan forgiveness is the result of the Biden administration’s 2022 pledge to help these borrowers after multiple complaints, lawsuits and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">an NPR investigation into IDR plans\u003c/a> into mismanagement by the department and loan servicers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/14/1187660793/student-loan-forgiveness-income-driven-repayment\">Read more about student loan forgiveness for these borrowers around IDR plans.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Answering more questions about the Supreme Court\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why it’s important to engage with Supreme Court rulings — even when the content is painful\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris issued a general urge for audiences to read and educate themselves about Supreme Court cases by finding and downloading them online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“They’re daunting at first,” he acknowledged. “But you get used to them as you read them” — adding that people shouldn’t worry if they want to “skip the boring parts and kind of get to the guts.” Eventually, Harris said, their Supreme Court-reading “muscle” will develop and they’ll “get the feel for what these things are like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why \u003cem>should \u003c/em>you read Supreme Court cases for yourself?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we just leave these issues to people like us — lawyers, professors — that’s you sort of giving away your birthright,” Harris warned. “This is part of the country. This is part of our charter of government. These people — these nine people, these lawyers in robes — are making a lot of decisions that affect all of us very personally — and our country and how it operates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incumbent upon all of us as Americans,” Harris urged, “to engage with it — as difficult as it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Could the Supreme Court be changed?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these recent rulings on affirmative action, student loan forgiveness, discrimination against LGBTQ+ people and the constitutional right to an abortion, the Supreme Court’s conservative supermajority has led many to question what’s even possible in terms of reforming the Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could there, hypothetically, be another court \u003cem>above \u003c/em>the Supreme Court?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The answer is no,” Harris confirmed. “The Constitution only provides for one court, which is the Supreme Court. It doesn’t say how many justices have to be in it, but it’s just one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Harris was nonetheless keen to provide context and perspective for how the Supreme Court’s rulings have, historically, “changed over time” depending on the composition of its justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This hasn’t been a steady march towards equality,” he said. “It’s like a sine wave. It’s gone up and down — and up and down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key focus of reform advocates has been the term limits of Supreme Court justices. On June 30, California Representative Ro Khanna (D-Fremont) reintroduced the \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">Supreme Court Term Limits and Regular Appointments Act\u003c/a>, specifically prompted by the Supreme Court’s decision that blocked the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loan debt. Khanna’s bill aims to enact 18-year term limits for the justices and to “stop extreme partisanship” in a court he described as “regressive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955326/supreme-court-reform-would-ro-khannas-term-limit-proposal-work\">Read more about how Khanna’s bill would work, and its potential chances of success.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955722\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955722\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED.jpg\" alt='People hold signs reading \"Cancel Student Debt Now!\" in front of the columned facade of the supreme court.' width=\"2000\" height=\"1302\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-800x521.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1020x664.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1536x1000.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1920x1250.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Student debt relief activists participate in a rally at the US Supreme Court on June 30, 2023, in Washington, DC. \u003ccite>(Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does the Supreme Court care about public opinion?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Dobbs in 2022 to affirmative action last month, the Court’s recent rulings have drawn sharp criticism and spurred many public protests. Does this dissent have an impact on the justices?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps, Harris said — who noted that throughout its history, the Supreme Court has been “very mindful of its legitimacy — and its jealously guards it because it’s all it has.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/our-government/the-executive-branch/\">the executive branch\u003c/a> of the United States government, which includes the military, the Supreme Court “doesn’t have an army to enforce its rules and its rulings,” Harris stressed. So amid the absence of that ability to enforce its rules, “what they have is legitimacy — that when they speak, everyone up to and including the President of the United States and the military [says] ‘OK, the court has spoken.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that accord was to ever go away, Harris said, “That’s how you get what’s called a constitutional crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they’re beginning to get sensitive to the notion that there’s wide, ever-growing public belief that some of what they’re doing is not legitimate,” said Matthew Coles of the conservative justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really important if you think what they’re doing is not legitimate, to keep voicing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the last days of June, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954612/u-s-supreme-court-strikes-down-affirmative-action-barring-california-private-universities-from-considering-race-in-admissions\">the Supreme Court struck down affirmative action\u003c/a>, opened the door to LGBTQ+ discrimination and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">outlawed the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loans\u003c/a>. These are monumental rulings that directly affect people of color, queer folks, prospective college students and the 43 million Americans with federal student loans — leaving many devastated and fearful for the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/explaining-the-supreme-court\">our series explaining this summer’s Supreme Court decisions\u003c/a>, we’re unpacking how these rulings will affect you — and what can be done now. This explainer focuses on the case 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis — which saw the court rule in favor of a web designer who refused to make wedding websites for gay couples — and what it could mean for discrimination against LGBTQ+ folks in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED gathered legal and judicial insight on this ruling at a panel hosted at Manny’s, a community space in San Francisco. On this panel were:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.keker.com/Lawyers/courtney-j-liss\">Courtney Liss\u003c/a>, associate at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.keker.com/Lawyers/Harris-Cody\">Cody Harris\u003c/a>, partner at Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uchastings.edu/people/matt-coles/\">Matthew Coles\u003c/a>, professor of practice at UC Law San Francisco (formerly UC Hastings)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>What was the Supreme Court’s decision about LGBTQ+ discrimination?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In a defeat for gay rights, the Supreme Court’s conservative majority ruled in 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis that a Christian graphic artist who designs wedding websites can refuse to work with same-sex couples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">\u003cstrong>Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Justice Sonia Sotomayor, one of the court’s liberal justices, wrote in a dissent that the decision’s effect is to “mark gays and lesbians for second-class status” and that the ruling opens the door to further discrimination. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/30/1182121291/colorado-supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-decision\">Read more about the case from NPR\u003c/a> or read \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-476_c185.pdf\">the Supreme Court’s ruling (PDF)\u003c/a> for yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will change for queer people in the US after this case?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This ruling has opened the door for LGBTQ+ people to be discriminated against when requesting services from certain professionals, says UC Law San Francisco’s Coles, specifically in situations involving the use of words or the creation of images and films.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-476_c185.pdf\">framed her website services as “expressive in nature” (PDF)\u003c/a> because she designed them to be customized, original and intended “to communicate a particular message.” Consequently, other professionals operating what could be termed an “expressive business” could use this ruling to deny service to LGBTQ+ people as well.[aside label='Unpacking the Recent Supreme Court Decisions' tag='explaining-the-supreme-court']Coles’ advice to folks in the community? “Find out in advance whether this business has said that it doesn’t want to serve [queer people],” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Practically, the website case now means that someone like Lorie Smith, the Colorado graphic designer, can refuse service to LGBTQ+ folks “without fear of government sanction on them,” said Harris of Keker, Van Nest and Peters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris adds that hate speech laws as most people think of them — those that would make it a crime to say something hateful — don’t really exist. Hate speech is “awful and odious, and it makes me angry,” he said, “but it’s constitutional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How was this case even won?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lorie Smith, the web designer involved in the case, was challenging her home state of Colorado’s public accommodations law — the type of law that, in most states, bars discrimination based on sexual orientation. Her claim was that the state was unconstitutionally forcing her to create a message she opposes because she can’t deny service to same-sex couples. The Supreme Court sided with Smith, ruling that forcing her to create websites for queer couples would violate her free speech rights under the Constitution’s First Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith should have lost her case on several fronts, said Coles — just one being that her website work “is commercial speech,” and not personal expression (free speech), because Smith “was being paid to write words for somebody else.” And it’s well-established, says Coles, that commercial speech is not as protected as other forms of speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court ignored this analysis of the First Amendment in its ruling, says Coles. A majority of the justices, he adds, believe that if Smith created websites for same-sex couples, she would be forced to use words to celebrate things she does not want to celebrate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/supreme-court-web-designer-fake-case-b2370226.html\">lingering questions over the legitimacy of this case\u003c/a> — namely, whether the web designer in question had ever really been asked to design a site for a gay wedding — Coles said he didn’t think it’s “a fake case.” The real question, he said, is whether the designer has taken steps to “start working on websites or not — and the answer is yes. She made a pretty decent showing in the court that she’d done a lot of research. She had models together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notions of this being a “fake case” get away from the point, says Liss, of Van Nest and Peters. She stresses that this case is “an important door,” one that this court has chosen to open and go through by taking up the case in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955692\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/GettyImages-972695008-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A rainbow flag hangs over a government building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco-based attorney Courtney Liss advises businesses to make it very clear that they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> want to provide services to LGBTQ+ communities, with signs and clear website notices. ‘I personally do not want to go anywhere where I’m not welcome,’ she said. \u003ccite>(JasonDoiy/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What could the long-term ramifications of this case be?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Coles says that what surprised him about the Supreme Court’s decision was that it did not draw upon the clause in the Constitution that protects people’s right to practice their religion. Instead, the ruling draws upon the free speech clause, “because [Lorie Smith] was involved in expressive conduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coles believes that the Court’s conservative justices disagree on how to interpret the free exercise-of-religion clause. But he cautions that there may come a day when the conservative justices privilege religious exemptions in their rulings. “And that religious exception to nondiscrimination laws is not going to be limited to expressive businesses,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Run through the list of everything that we’ve managed to cover with our civil rights laws,” Coles said, referring to protections for race, religion, gender and disability. By itself, he said, 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis is “not going to completely eviscerate discrimination laws,” but he believes it “portends something in the future, which is a good deal worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can you voice your opposition to this ruling?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court’s recent raft of rulings against LGBTQ+ rights, affirmative action and student loan forgiveness has drawn vehement criticism sharply focused on the Court’s conservative supermajority. For example, in speaking out against the student loan decision, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">U.S Rep. Barbara Lee (D-Calif.) called the body a “corrupt, right-wing court.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Criticism of the court’s rulings has also come from within, with Justice Sonia Sotomayor saying that the website designer ruling saw the Supreme Court “taking steps backward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today is a sad day in American constitutional law and in the lives of LGBT people,” she added. “The immediate, symbolic effect of the decision is to mark gays and lesbians for second-class status.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More Guides from KQED' tag='kqed-guides']Coles notes that at the end of the student loan decision, Justice Elena Kagan’s dissent features a “very pointed dialogue” that strongly criticizes the Supreme Court for what she sees as violations of the separation of powers in their ruling — and that Justice John Roberts’ reply bristles at the suggestion that the court is not legitimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I think they’re beginning to get sensitive to the notion that there’s a wide, ever-growing public belief that some of what they’re doing is not legitimate,” said Coles of the conservative justices. “It’s really important if you think what they’re doing is not legitimate, to keep voicing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liss urged people to “call your congresspeople and your other elected representatives” to express that, if so. You might also feel like this “legitimacy crisis” is sharpened, she says, by “\u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/clarence-thomas-scotus-undisclosed-luxury-travel-gifts-crow\">the lack of standards that the Supreme Court holds themselves to in terms of accepting gifts\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On an everyday scale, Liss advises businesses to make it very clear that they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> want to provide services to LGBTQ+ communities, with signs and clear website notices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I personally do not want to go anywhere where I’m not welcome,” said Liss. “I don’t want to give a single dollar to someone who wouldn’t be excited to take my very gay dollar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[hearken id=\"10483\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/10483.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the last days of June, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954612/u-s-supreme-court-strikes-down-affirmative-action-barring-california-private-universities-from-considering-race-in-admissions\">the Supreme Court struck down affirmative action\u003c/a>, opened the door to LGBTQ+ discrimination and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">outlawed the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loans\u003c/a>. These are monumental rulings that directly affect people of color, queer folks, prospective college students and the 43 million Americans with federal student loans — leaving many devastated and fearful for the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/explaining-the-supreme-court\">our series explaining this summer’s Supreme Court decisions\u003c/a>, we’re unpacking how these rulings will affect you — and what can be done now. This explainer focuses on the case 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis — which saw the court rule in favor of a web designer who refused to make wedding websites for gay couples — and what it could mean for discrimination against LGBTQ+ folks in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED gathered legal and judicial insight on this ruling at a panel hosted at Manny’s, a community space in San Francisco. On this panel were:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.keker.com/Lawyers/courtney-j-liss\">Courtney Liss\u003c/a>, associate at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.keker.com/Lawyers/Harris-Cody\">Cody Harris\u003c/a>, partner at Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uchastings.edu/people/matt-coles/\">Matthew Coles\u003c/a>, professor of practice at UC Law San Francisco (formerly UC Hastings)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>What was the Supreme Court’s decision about LGBTQ+ discrimination?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In a defeat for gay rights, the Supreme Court’s conservative majority ruled in 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis that a Christian graphic artist who designs wedding websites can refuse to work with same-sex couples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">\u003cstrong>Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Justice Sonia Sotomayor, one of the court’s liberal justices, wrote in a dissent that the decision’s effect is to “mark gays and lesbians for second-class status” and that the ruling opens the door to further discrimination. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/30/1182121291/colorado-supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-decision\">Read more about the case from NPR\u003c/a> or read \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-476_c185.pdf\">the Supreme Court’s ruling (PDF)\u003c/a> for yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will change for queer people in the US after this case?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This ruling has opened the door for LGBTQ+ people to be discriminated against when requesting services from certain professionals, says UC Law San Francisco’s Coles, specifically in situations involving the use of words or the creation of images and films.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-476_c185.pdf\">framed her website services as “expressive in nature” (PDF)\u003c/a> because she designed them to be customized, original and intended “to communicate a particular message.” Consequently, other professionals operating what could be termed an “expressive business” could use this ruling to deny service to LGBTQ+ people as well.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Coles’ advice to folks in the community? “Find out in advance whether this business has said that it doesn’t want to serve [queer people],” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Practically, the website case now means that someone like Lorie Smith, the Colorado graphic designer, can refuse service to LGBTQ+ folks “without fear of government sanction on them,” said Harris of Keker, Van Nest and Peters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris adds that hate speech laws as most people think of them — those that would make it a crime to say something hateful — don’t really exist. Hate speech is “awful and odious, and it makes me angry,” he said, “but it’s constitutional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How was this case even won?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lorie Smith, the web designer involved in the case, was challenging her home state of Colorado’s public accommodations law — the type of law that, in most states, bars discrimination based on sexual orientation. Her claim was that the state was unconstitutionally forcing her to create a message she opposes because she can’t deny service to same-sex couples. The Supreme Court sided with Smith, ruling that forcing her to create websites for queer couples would violate her free speech rights under the Constitution’s First Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith should have lost her case on several fronts, said Coles — just one being that her website work “is commercial speech,” and not personal expression (free speech), because Smith “was being paid to write words for somebody else.” And it’s well-established, says Coles, that commercial speech is not as protected as other forms of speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court ignored this analysis of the First Amendment in its ruling, says Coles. A majority of the justices, he adds, believe that if Smith created websites for same-sex couples, she would be forced to use words to celebrate things she does not want to celebrate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/supreme-court-web-designer-fake-case-b2370226.html\">lingering questions over the legitimacy of this case\u003c/a> — namely, whether the web designer in question had ever really been asked to design a site for a gay wedding — Coles said he didn’t think it’s “a fake case.” The real question, he said, is whether the designer has taken steps to “start working on websites or not — and the answer is yes. She made a pretty decent showing in the court that she’d done a lot of research. She had models together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notions of this being a “fake case” get away from the point, says Liss, of Van Nest and Peters. She stresses that this case is “an important door,” one that this court has chosen to open and go through by taking up the case in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955692\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/GettyImages-972695008-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A rainbow flag hangs over a government building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco-based attorney Courtney Liss advises businesses to make it very clear that they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> want to provide services to LGBTQ+ communities, with signs and clear website notices. ‘I personally do not want to go anywhere where I’m not welcome,’ she said. \u003ccite>(JasonDoiy/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What could the long-term ramifications of this case be?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Coles says that what surprised him about the Supreme Court’s decision was that it did not draw upon the clause in the Constitution that protects people’s right to practice their religion. Instead, the ruling draws upon the free speech clause, “because [Lorie Smith] was involved in expressive conduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coles believes that the Court’s conservative justices disagree on how to interpret the free exercise-of-religion clause. But he cautions that there may come a day when the conservative justices privilege religious exemptions in their rulings. “And that religious exception to nondiscrimination laws is not going to be limited to expressive businesses,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Run through the list of everything that we’ve managed to cover with our civil rights laws,” Coles said, referring to protections for race, religion, gender and disability. By itself, he said, 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis is “not going to completely eviscerate discrimination laws,” but he believes it “portends something in the future, which is a good deal worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can you voice your opposition to this ruling?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court’s recent raft of rulings against LGBTQ+ rights, affirmative action and student loan forgiveness has drawn vehement criticism sharply focused on the Court’s conservative supermajority. For example, in speaking out against the student loan decision, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">U.S Rep. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Coles notes that at the end of the student loan decision, Justice Elena Kagan’s dissent features a “very pointed dialogue” that strongly criticizes the Supreme Court for what she sees as violations of the separation of powers in their ruling — and that Justice John Roberts’ reply bristles at the suggestion that the court is not legitimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I think they’re beginning to get sensitive to the notion that there’s a wide, ever-growing public belief that some of what they’re doing is not legitimate,” said Coles of the conservative justices. “It’s really important if you think what they’re doing is not legitimate, to keep voicing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liss urged people to “call your congresspeople and your other elected representatives” to express that, if so. You might also feel like this “legitimacy crisis” is sharpened, she says, by “\u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/clarence-thomas-scotus-undisclosed-luxury-travel-gifts-crow\">the lack of standards that the Supreme Court holds themselves to in terms of accepting gifts\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On an everyday scale, Liss advises businesses to make it very clear that they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> want to provide services to LGBTQ+ communities, with signs and clear website notices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I personally do not want to go anywhere where I’m not welcome,” said Liss. “I don’t want to give a single dollar to someone who wouldn’t be excited to take my very gay dollar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Ro Khanna's Term Limit Proposal: Would It Reform the Supreme Court?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Controversial decisions by the Supreme Court in late June have dealt a blow to programs aimed at increasing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954709/timeline-a-heated-history-of-affirmative-action-in-america\">racial diversity in college admissions\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954743/supreme-court-rules-in-favor-of-christian-web-designer-who-denies-lgbtq-clients\">LGBTQ+ rights\u003c/a> and the ability of 43 million Americans to get some \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">relief from their student loan debt\u003c/a> — all a year after the high court overturned Roe v. Wade, eliminating the constitutional right to an abortion in the United States and leading to a flood of abortion restrictions and bans across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent slew of decisions prompted a wave of criticism from liberals and supporters of diversity in higher education and the workplace — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1689028990768007&usg=AOvVaw0G7lqsvIXKTHU-9HKW4UiH\">Representative Barbara Lee (D-Calif.), who called the Supreme Court a “corrupt, right-wing court”\u003c/a> — and reignited long-standing calls for reforming the judicial branch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Representative Ro Khanna (D-Fremont) led the call by reintroducing the \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">Supreme Court Term Limits and Regular Appointments Act\u003c/a> on June 30, specifically prompted by the Supreme Court’s decision that blocked the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loan debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking aim at the current lifetime tenure of Supreme Court justices, Khanna’s bill aims to \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">enact 18-year term limits for the justices and to “stop extreme partisanship”\u003c/a> in a court he described as “regressive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, congressional reforms to the Supreme Court — called \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/about-us/\">the least accountable branch of the United States’ government\u003c/a> by nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/\">advocacy group Fix the Court\u003c/a> — is an uphill climb, given Republican control of the House and the reluctance of even some Democrats (and independents like Sen. Kyrsten Sinema) to tamper with Supreme Court policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what to know about Khanna’s bill, its possible chances of success and what to know about reforming the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why don’t Supreme Court justices have term limits? Do other countries do this?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Constitution says that Supreme Court justices “shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour,” meaning they have a lifetime tenure “\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/faq_general.aspx#:~:text=How%20long%20is%20the%20term,removed%20from%20office%20by%20impeachment.\">as long as they choose and can only be removed from office by impeachment\u003c/a>.” For example, former Justice Stephen G. Breyer retired at 83 last June, and had been on the Supreme Court since 1994. Ruth Bader Ginberg died at 87 in 2020, after serving for 27 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is all \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/article-3/#:~:text=Article%20III%20Judicial%20Branch&text=The%20judicial%20Power%20of%20the,to%20time%20ordain%20and%20establish.\">according to Article III of the U.S. Constitution\u003c/a>. And in drafting the Constitution, the framers harkened back to experiences with England and erratic decision-making from monarchs — according to Gabe Roth, executive director of Fix the Court, which \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/about-us/\">advocates for non-ideological “fixes” that would make the Supreme Court more accountable\u003c/a>. (Roth says he’s discussed the term limits bill with Khanna for years, and was part of the recent reintroduction announcement.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth explains that in the late 1700s, King George III himself was firing judges in United States colonies — which prompted state courts to write their own constitutions to say judges can hold their offices during good behavior. This line was then adopted in the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. is really different from other countries,” said Roth, “because our Constitution is so old, and it traces its roots to the 1700s.” The roots of our current Supreme Court situation lie, says Roth, with government dysfunction in England and this growing conflict between King George and the colonies. “And that’s — to me — not a great reason to maintain the practice of life tenure,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth notes that “most countries have a mandatory retirement age or a retention election or a term limit or some combination thereof.” For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.brazilcounsel.com/blog/the-supreme-court-of-brazil#:~:text=Once%20appointed%2C%20Supreme%20Court%20justices,themselves%20to%20represent%20the%20court.\">the retirement age in Brazil\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scc-csc.ca/contact/faq/qa-qr-eng.aspx#:~:text=A%20Judge%20holds%20office%20during,Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Commons.\">Canada\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.jcpc.uk/news/new-appointments-to-the-uks-top-appeal-court-2022.html#:~:text=Following%20the%20increase%20of%20the,re%2Dappointed%20as%20a%20Justice.\">the United Kingdom\u003c/a> is 75. In \u003ca href=\"https://collections.concourt.org.za/bitstream/handle/20.500.12144/3644/Third%20Amicus%20Curiae%20Heads%20of%20Argument-17086.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y#:~:text=The%20words%20%E2%80%9CA%20Constitutional%20Court,or%20until%20they%20reach%2070\">South Africa (PDF)\u003c/a>, it’s 70. And \u003ca href=\"https://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/EN/Das-Gericht/Organisation/organisation_node.html#:~:text=A%20Justice's%20term%20of%20office,may%20not%20be%20re%2Delected.\">in Germany, it is 68 years old\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other democracies have reflections of increased life expectancy in the modern age and accumulation of power by judges, and needed ways to reduce those things by instituting term limits or mandatory retirement ages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast to the Supreme Court, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Length_of_terms_of_state_supreme_court_justices\">almost all U.S. states have a mandatory retirement age\u003c/a> or retention election or term limit for its state court judges. “So the U.S. is not only an outlier globally — it’s an outlier within the various systems of the judiciary that are set up within the [U.S.],” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955166\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955166\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01.jpg\" alt=\"Opposing protestors clash at a rally about the Supreme Court's ruling on affirmative action. One side of demonstrators hold signs that read, "Stop Discriminating on the Basis of Race," while others hold signs that read, "Diversity Opportunity Justice."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters for and against affirmative action rally on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC, on June 29. In a decision that split its conservative and liberal justices, the Supreme Court ruled that race-conscious admissions programs at Harvard University and the University of North Carolina were unconstitutional, setting a precedent for admissions at other universities and colleges. \u003ccite>(Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>So, can a Supreme Court justice be impeached?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yes — but \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/faq_general.aspx#:~:text=The%20only%20Justice%20to%20be,Have%20there%20always%20been%20nine%3F\">only one justice has ever been impeached\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1805, the justice in question, \u003ca href=\"https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/artifact/us-v-samuel-chase-answer-samuel-chase-1805\">Samuel Chase, was under fire for partisan leanings\u003c/a> but was acquitted by the Senate. So he was never removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recently, in 1965, Abe Fortas was a justice appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson. In the following years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/justices/abe_fortas\">Fortas was accused of accepting money\u003c/a> from a financier and resigned in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Impeaching a Supreme Court justice, said Roth, is “the same process as impeaching and removing a president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need a majority of the House to impeach, which is like an indictment, essentially. And you need two-thirds of the Senate to vote to remove,” Roth explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lower court judges have been removed via impeachment for things like taking bribes or acting erratically in the courtroom,” he said. “But just given how partisan our country and our House and Senate are, I think it would be very difficult in the Senate … to get 67 senators to agree on anything, let alone removing a Supreme Court justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that Supreme Court justices are going to leave the court, I think it’s going to be mostly death or retirement and old age,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who is on the Supreme Court now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/biographies.aspx\">There are nine justices on the Supreme Court\u003c/a>, most of whom were appointed by Republican presidents — one from George H.W. Bush, two from George W. Bush and three from Donald Trump. These justices are, in order of appointment, John Roberts, Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito, Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, Amy Coney Barrett and Ketanji Brown Jackson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Court recently has also been facing controversies outside of its recent rulings. \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/series/supreme-court-scotus\">A series of investigations from ProPublica\u003c/a>, a nonprofit, non-partisan news organization, found conflicts of interest among several conservative justices who took lavish gifts from conservative activist donors. The articles specifically highlighted Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does Rep. Khanna’s bill propose for the Supreme Court?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rep. Ro Khanna’s bill aims to enact \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">18-year terms on the Supreme Court justices to “restore judicial independence”\u003c/a> — after which justices could then continue their work on lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going forward, the bill would create a regular process to allow presidents to nominate a new justice to the Supreme Court every odd year — so two justices per four-year term,” Rep. Khanna said in \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/editorials/rep-ro-khanna-how-term-limits-would-restore-stability-and-impartiality-supreme\">a release explaining a past iteration of the bill\u003c/a>. “Justices would no longer have an incentive to strategize and plan their retirements around whichever party holds the White House. The goal of this bill is to restore judicial independence and ensure that justices are not too far out of step with the current generation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Founding Fathers intended for lifetime appointments to ensure impartiality,” Khanna said “The decision today (on student loans) demonstrates how justices have become partisan and out of step with the American public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/RepRoKhanna/status/1676681160049532930\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For many Americans, the Supreme Court is a distant, secretive, unelected body that can make drastic changes in their lives without any accountability,” said co-sponsor Virginia Rep. Don Beyer. “I have long supported reforming the Supreme Court to limit terms to end lifetime tenures and ensure the court remains a fair and impartial arbiter of justice. Our bill would achieve this and help restore balance to a heavily politicized court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a release, \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/editorials/rep-ro-khanna-how-term-limits-would-restore-stability-and-impartiality-supreme\">Khanna said he was not worried about the 18-year limits further politicizing the court\u003c/a>, as some opponents claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The regular appointment process will help judges rotate more frequently instead of justices waiting to retire based on which party controls the White House and holds a Senate majority,” he said. “Confirmation hearings will also become an expected and regular part of the process instead of a life-and-death partisan fight that only further erodes the public’s trust in the court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fix the Court’s Roth says 18 years is a standard number referenced and debated among law experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have nine justices and new justices added every Congress, every two years. Nine times two is 18,” he explained, saying the 18-year plan became more popular during the recent 11-year period that saw no justice turnover from 1994 to 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is there support for this kind of Supreme Court reform?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist national poll from April shows \u003ca href=\"https://maristpoll.marist.edu/polls/medication-abortions-and-the-u-s-supreme-court/\">68% of Americans support term limits for Supreme Court justices\u003c/a>. In fact, a majority of Republicans, Independents and Democrats who responded to the poll all agreed that there should be term limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Khanna’s bill is supported by mostly Democrats, like California Rep. Rep. Barbara Lee and Michigan Rep. Rashida Tlaib. But term limits or some kind of Court reform have been a Republican talking point in the recent past, Roth said, citing essays written by \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalaffairs.com/publications/detail/the-most-dangerous-branch\">Missouri Sen. Joshua Hawley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalreview.com/2015/06/ted-cruz-supreme-court-constitutional-amendment/\">Texas Sen. Ted Cruz\u003c/a>. In 2016, then-Republican presidential candidates \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/02/13/why-its-time-to-get-serious-about-supreme-court-term-limits/\">Ben Carson, Mike Huckabee and Rand Paul also endorsed the idea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fast-forward nine years and now it’s only Democrats talking about term limits,” said Roth. “It’s interesting how the issue has been sort of flipped on its head from a partisan perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(But) this is an apolitical reform. There is no partisan balance to an 18-year term. It would apply to future justices that are appointed by Democratic presidents and Republican presidents alike.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Currently the bill is Democrats only, but there’s no reason it can’t be a bipartisan effort,” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11954754\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11954754\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut.jpg\" alt='A group of protesters hold signs reading \"Cancel Student Debt Now\" and \"End Student Debt\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supporters of student debt forgiveness demonstrate outside the US Supreme Court on June 30, 2023, in Washington, DC. The court dealt President Joe Biden a significant political setback when it overruled his key program to cancel the student debt of millions of Americans. \u003ccite>(Olivier Douliery/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What are the arguments against SCOTUS term limits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2021, President Joe Biden formed a commission to discuss court reform. The commission was bipartisan and included former federal judges, practitioners and advocates. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/commission-approves-report-on-supreme-court-amid-partisan-differences-11638923592?mod=article_inline\">the commission did not have a consensus or recommendations for the court\u003c/a> in its final report, according to \u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/SCOTUS-Report-Final-12.8.21-1.pdf\">Read the entire report here (PDF).\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the commissioners, Adam White, a senior fellow at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/organization/?2006/American-Enterprise-Institute\">conservative think tank The American Enterprise Institute\u003c/a>, said in a statement that \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/White-Statement.pdf\">term limits were problematic “especially when they are intended to allocate appointments on the calendar of presidential terms” (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By tying Supreme Court vacancies and appointments directly and exclusively to the outcomes of presidential elections, a term-limits framework would further corrode the appearance of judicial neutrality and independence, making the Court a spoil not just of politics, but of presidential politics exclusively,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is there a chance of Ro Khanna’s SCOTUS reform proposal actually passing?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is the third time Khanna has brought this bill to Congress, introducing it in 2020 and 2021. And experts, like Cody Harris, partner at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters, find it hard to see a bill like this passing — at least right now, in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about the Constitution here. The Constitution can be amended,” Harris said at a recent town hall event focused on the Supreme Court, at Manny’s, a community space in San Francisco. “It’s been amended plenty of times and 27 times, and it could always be amended further: for good or ill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?height=314&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fwelcometomannys%2Fvideos%2F831600378368776%2F&show_text=false&width=560&t=5250\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; web-share\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very hard to amend the Constitution,” said Harris — but, he added, it’s “not impossible. And if enough states, enough people in enough states want to change some of this stuff, they can.” (Skip to 1:27:30 in the above Facebook Watch video to see a panel of legal experts, including Harris, debate this issue.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth agrees with that perspective, not expecting Ro Khanna’s bill to advance with a Republican-controlled House at this tie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Republicans have said that they don’t want to reform the court, which is (what I) think is a a historical view. There have been Republicans in the past who have wanted to reform the court,” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I still think it’s an important marker to put down to say, ‘Look, we shouldn’t have nine individuals with this much power for this long.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "When the Supreme Court struck down Biden's student debt forgiveness program, California Representative Ro Khanna responded by reintroducing a bill that would impose term limits on SCOTUS justices. Does it have a chance?",
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"title": "Supreme Court Reform: Ro Khanna's Term Limit Plan | KQED",
"description": "Examine Ro Khanna's Supreme Court term limit proposal. Analyze its potential impact on the court's structure and future appointments. Get the details now.",
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"socialDescription": "Examine Ro Khanna's Supreme Court term limit proposal. Analyze its potential impact on the court's structure and future appointments. Get the details now.",
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"headline": "Ro Khanna's Term Limit Proposal: Would It Reform the Supreme Court?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Controversial decisions by the Supreme Court in late June have dealt a blow to programs aimed at increasing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954709/timeline-a-heated-history-of-affirmative-action-in-america\">racial diversity in college admissions\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954743/supreme-court-rules-in-favor-of-christian-web-designer-who-denies-lgbtq-clients\">LGBTQ+ rights\u003c/a> and the ability of 43 million Americans to get some \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">relief from their student loan debt\u003c/a> — all a year after the high court overturned Roe v. Wade, eliminating the constitutional right to an abortion in the United States and leading to a flood of abortion restrictions and bans across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent slew of decisions prompted a wave of criticism from liberals and supporters of diversity in higher education and the workplace — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1689028990768007&usg=AOvVaw0G7lqsvIXKTHU-9HKW4UiH\">Representative Barbara Lee (D-Calif.), who called the Supreme Court a “corrupt, right-wing court”\u003c/a> — and reignited long-standing calls for reforming the judicial branch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Representative Ro Khanna (D-Fremont) led the call by reintroducing the \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">Supreme Court Term Limits and Regular Appointments Act\u003c/a> on June 30, specifically prompted by the Supreme Court’s decision that blocked the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loan debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking aim at the current lifetime tenure of Supreme Court justices, Khanna’s bill aims to \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">enact 18-year term limits for the justices and to “stop extreme partisanship”\u003c/a> in a court he described as “regressive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, congressional reforms to the Supreme Court — called \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/about-us/\">the least accountable branch of the United States’ government\u003c/a> by nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/\">advocacy group Fix the Court\u003c/a> — is an uphill climb, given Republican control of the House and the reluctance of even some Democrats (and independents like Sen. Kyrsten Sinema) to tamper with Supreme Court policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what to know about Khanna’s bill, its possible chances of success and what to know about reforming the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why don’t Supreme Court justices have term limits? Do other countries do this?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Constitution says that Supreme Court justices “shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour,” meaning they have a lifetime tenure “\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/faq_general.aspx#:~:text=How%20long%20is%20the%20term,removed%20from%20office%20by%20impeachment.\">as long as they choose and can only be removed from office by impeachment\u003c/a>.” For example, former Justice Stephen G. Breyer retired at 83 last June, and had been on the Supreme Court since 1994. Ruth Bader Ginberg died at 87 in 2020, after serving for 27 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is all \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/article-3/#:~:text=Article%20III%20Judicial%20Branch&text=The%20judicial%20Power%20of%20the,to%20time%20ordain%20and%20establish.\">according to Article III of the U.S. Constitution\u003c/a>. And in drafting the Constitution, the framers harkened back to experiences with England and erratic decision-making from monarchs — according to Gabe Roth, executive director of Fix the Court, which \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/about-us/\">advocates for non-ideological “fixes” that would make the Supreme Court more accountable\u003c/a>. (Roth says he’s discussed the term limits bill with Khanna for years, and was part of the recent reintroduction announcement.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth explains that in the late 1700s, King George III himself was firing judges in United States colonies — which prompted state courts to write their own constitutions to say judges can hold their offices during good behavior. This line was then adopted in the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. is really different from other countries,” said Roth, “because our Constitution is so old, and it traces its roots to the 1700s.” The roots of our current Supreme Court situation lie, says Roth, with government dysfunction in England and this growing conflict between King George and the colonies. “And that’s — to me — not a great reason to maintain the practice of life tenure,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth notes that “most countries have a mandatory retirement age or a retention election or a term limit or some combination thereof.” For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.brazilcounsel.com/blog/the-supreme-court-of-brazil#:~:text=Once%20appointed%2C%20Supreme%20Court%20justices,themselves%20to%20represent%20the%20court.\">the retirement age in Brazil\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scc-csc.ca/contact/faq/qa-qr-eng.aspx#:~:text=A%20Judge%20holds%20office%20during,Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Commons.\">Canada\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.jcpc.uk/news/new-appointments-to-the-uks-top-appeal-court-2022.html#:~:text=Following%20the%20increase%20of%20the,re%2Dappointed%20as%20a%20Justice.\">the United Kingdom\u003c/a> is 75. In \u003ca href=\"https://collections.concourt.org.za/bitstream/handle/20.500.12144/3644/Third%20Amicus%20Curiae%20Heads%20of%20Argument-17086.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y#:~:text=The%20words%20%E2%80%9CA%20Constitutional%20Court,or%20until%20they%20reach%2070\">South Africa (PDF)\u003c/a>, it’s 70. And \u003ca href=\"https://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/EN/Das-Gericht/Organisation/organisation_node.html#:~:text=A%20Justice's%20term%20of%20office,may%20not%20be%20re%2Delected.\">in Germany, it is 68 years old\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other democracies have reflections of increased life expectancy in the modern age and accumulation of power by judges, and needed ways to reduce those things by instituting term limits or mandatory retirement ages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast to the Supreme Court, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Length_of_terms_of_state_supreme_court_justices\">almost all U.S. states have a mandatory retirement age\u003c/a> or retention election or term limit for its state court judges. “So the U.S. is not only an outlier globally — it’s an outlier within the various systems of the judiciary that are set up within the [U.S.],” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955166\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955166\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01.jpg\" alt=\"Opposing protestors clash at a rally about the Supreme Court's ruling on affirmative action. One side of demonstrators hold signs that read, "Stop Discriminating on the Basis of Race," while others hold signs that read, "Diversity Opportunity Justice."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters for and against affirmative action rally on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC, on June 29. In a decision that split its conservative and liberal justices, the Supreme Court ruled that race-conscious admissions programs at Harvard University and the University of North Carolina were unconstitutional, setting a precedent for admissions at other universities and colleges. \u003ccite>(Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>So, can a Supreme Court justice be impeached?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yes — but \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/faq_general.aspx#:~:text=The%20only%20Justice%20to%20be,Have%20there%20always%20been%20nine%3F\">only one justice has ever been impeached\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1805, the justice in question, \u003ca href=\"https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/artifact/us-v-samuel-chase-answer-samuel-chase-1805\">Samuel Chase, was under fire for partisan leanings\u003c/a> but was acquitted by the Senate. So he was never removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recently, in 1965, Abe Fortas was a justice appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson. In the following years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/justices/abe_fortas\">Fortas was accused of accepting money\u003c/a> from a financier and resigned in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Impeaching a Supreme Court justice, said Roth, is “the same process as impeaching and removing a president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need a majority of the House to impeach, which is like an indictment, essentially. And you need two-thirds of the Senate to vote to remove,” Roth explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lower court judges have been removed via impeachment for things like taking bribes or acting erratically in the courtroom,” he said. “But just given how partisan our country and our House and Senate are, I think it would be very difficult in the Senate … to get 67 senators to agree on anything, let alone removing a Supreme Court justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that Supreme Court justices are going to leave the court, I think it’s going to be mostly death or retirement and old age,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who is on the Supreme Court now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/biographies.aspx\">There are nine justices on the Supreme Court\u003c/a>, most of whom were appointed by Republican presidents — one from George H.W. Bush, two from George W. Bush and three from Donald Trump. These justices are, in order of appointment, John Roberts, Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito, Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, Amy Coney Barrett and Ketanji Brown Jackson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Court recently has also been facing controversies outside of its recent rulings. \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/series/supreme-court-scotus\">A series of investigations from ProPublica\u003c/a>, a nonprofit, non-partisan news organization, found conflicts of interest among several conservative justices who took lavish gifts from conservative activist donors. The articles specifically highlighted Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does Rep. Khanna’s bill propose for the Supreme Court?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rep. Ro Khanna’s bill aims to enact \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">18-year terms on the Supreme Court justices to “restore judicial independence”\u003c/a> — after which justices could then continue their work on lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going forward, the bill would create a regular process to allow presidents to nominate a new justice to the Supreme Court every odd year — so two justices per four-year term,” Rep. Khanna said in \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/editorials/rep-ro-khanna-how-term-limits-would-restore-stability-and-impartiality-supreme\">a release explaining a past iteration of the bill\u003c/a>. “Justices would no longer have an incentive to strategize and plan their retirements around whichever party holds the White House. The goal of this bill is to restore judicial independence and ensure that justices are not too far out of step with the current generation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Founding Fathers intended for lifetime appointments to ensure impartiality,” Khanna said “The decision today (on student loans) demonstrates how justices have become partisan and out of step with the American public.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>“For many Americans, the Supreme Court is a distant, secretive, unelected body that can make drastic changes in their lives without any accountability,” said co-sponsor Virginia Rep. Don Beyer. “I have long supported reforming the Supreme Court to limit terms to end lifetime tenures and ensure the court remains a fair and impartial arbiter of justice. Our bill would achieve this and help restore balance to a heavily politicized court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a release, \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/editorials/rep-ro-khanna-how-term-limits-would-restore-stability-and-impartiality-supreme\">Khanna said he was not worried about the 18-year limits further politicizing the court\u003c/a>, as some opponents claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The regular appointment process will help judges rotate more frequently instead of justices waiting to retire based on which party controls the White House and holds a Senate majority,” he said. “Confirmation hearings will also become an expected and regular part of the process instead of a life-and-death partisan fight that only further erodes the public’s trust in the court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fix the Court’s Roth says 18 years is a standard number referenced and debated among law experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have nine justices and new justices added every Congress, every two years. Nine times two is 18,” he explained, saying the 18-year plan became more popular during the recent 11-year period that saw no justice turnover from 1994 to 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is there support for this kind of Supreme Court reform?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist national poll from April shows \u003ca href=\"https://maristpoll.marist.edu/polls/medication-abortions-and-the-u-s-supreme-court/\">68% of Americans support term limits for Supreme Court justices\u003c/a>. In fact, a majority of Republicans, Independents and Democrats who responded to the poll all agreed that there should be term limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Khanna’s bill is supported by mostly Democrats, like California Rep. Rep. Barbara Lee and Michigan Rep. Rashida Tlaib. But term limits or some kind of Court reform have been a Republican talking point in the recent past, Roth said, citing essays written by \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalaffairs.com/publications/detail/the-most-dangerous-branch\">Missouri Sen. Joshua Hawley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalreview.com/2015/06/ted-cruz-supreme-court-constitutional-amendment/\">Texas Sen. Ted Cruz\u003c/a>. In 2016, then-Republican presidential candidates \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/02/13/why-its-time-to-get-serious-about-supreme-court-term-limits/\">Ben Carson, Mike Huckabee and Rand Paul also endorsed the idea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fast-forward nine years and now it’s only Democrats talking about term limits,” said Roth. “It’s interesting how the issue has been sort of flipped on its head from a partisan perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(But) this is an apolitical reform. There is no partisan balance to an 18-year term. It would apply to future justices that are appointed by Democratic presidents and Republican presidents alike.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Currently the bill is Democrats only, but there’s no reason it can’t be a bipartisan effort,” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11954754\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11954754\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut.jpg\" alt='A group of protesters hold signs reading \"Cancel Student Debt Now\" and \"End Student Debt\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supporters of student debt forgiveness demonstrate outside the US Supreme Court on June 30, 2023, in Washington, DC. The court dealt President Joe Biden a significant political setback when it overruled his key program to cancel the student debt of millions of Americans. \u003ccite>(Olivier Douliery/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What are the arguments against SCOTUS term limits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2021, President Joe Biden formed a commission to discuss court reform. The commission was bipartisan and included former federal judges, practitioners and advocates. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/commission-approves-report-on-supreme-court-amid-partisan-differences-11638923592?mod=article_inline\">the commission did not have a consensus or recommendations for the court\u003c/a> in its final report, according to \u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/SCOTUS-Report-Final-12.8.21-1.pdf\">Read the entire report here (PDF).\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the commissioners, Adam White, a senior fellow at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/organization/?2006/American-Enterprise-Institute\">conservative think tank The American Enterprise Institute\u003c/a>, said in a statement that \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/White-Statement.pdf\">term limits were problematic “especially when they are intended to allocate appointments on the calendar of presidential terms” (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By tying Supreme Court vacancies and appointments directly and exclusively to the outcomes of presidential elections, a term-limits framework would further corrode the appearance of judicial neutrality and independence, making the Court a spoil not just of politics, but of presidential politics exclusively,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is there a chance of Ro Khanna’s SCOTUS reform proposal actually passing?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is the third time Khanna has brought this bill to Congress, introducing it in 2020 and 2021. And experts, like Cody Harris, partner at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters, find it hard to see a bill like this passing — at least right now, in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about the Constitution here. The Constitution can be amended,” Harris said at a recent town hall event focused on the Supreme Court, at Manny’s, a community space in San Francisco. “It’s been amended plenty of times and 27 times, and it could always be amended further: for good or ill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?height=314&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fwelcometomannys%2Fvideos%2F831600378368776%2F&show_text=false&width=560&t=5250\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; web-share\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very hard to amend the Constitution,” said Harris — but, he added, it’s “not impossible. And if enough states, enough people in enough states want to change some of this stuff, they can.” (Skip to 1:27:30 in the above Facebook Watch video to see a panel of legal experts, including Harris, debate this issue.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth agrees with that perspective, not expecting Ro Khanna’s bill to advance with a Republican-controlled House at this tie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Republicans have said that they don’t want to reform the court, which is (what I) think is a a historical view. There have been Republicans in the past who have wanted to reform the court,” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I still think it’s an important marker to put down to say, ‘Look, we shouldn’t have nine individuals with this much power for this long.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "How SCOTUS' Affirmative Action Ruling May Impact Your Health Care",
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"content": "\u003cp>Doctors are concerned that a Supreme Court ruling issued June 29 will have far-reaching effects not only on the diversity of doctors and other care providers in training, but ultimately, on patient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision found it unconstitutional for colleges and universities to use race as a factor in student admissions, which will affect enrollment decisions at public and private educational institutions, including medical schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like other academic institutions, medical schools have long factored race into admission decisions. The schools operated under the principle — and there is considerable evidence they are correct — that a more diverse workforce of doctors does a better job of treating diverse patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “decision demonstrates a lack of understanding of the critical benefits of racial and ethnic diversity in educational settings and a failure to recognize the urgent need to address health inequities,” read a statement from David Skorton, president and CEO of the Association of American Medical Colleges, and Frank Trinity, its chief legal officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Justice John Roberts wrote \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/20-1199_hgdj.pdf\">the majority opinion (PDF)\u003c/a>. It held that the admissions programs of defendants Harvard College and the University of North Carolina violate the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment, which prohibits racial discrimination. The decision overturned decades of legal precedent that had allowed colleges and universities to evaluate prospective students by their race, in addition to factors such as academic records and test scores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a dissent, Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor wrote on behalf of the court’s three liberal justices that the ruling “cements a superficial rule of colorblindness as a constitutional principle in an endemically segregated society where race has always mattered and continues to matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does the ruling mean for med schools?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The decision may have serious repercussions, medical educators say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Norma Poll-Hunter, senior director of workforce diversity, Association of American Medical Colleges\"]‘Diversity in health care providers contributes to increased student, trainee and physician confidence in working with patient populations who are different from their own identities.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AAMC, which represents more than 500 medical schools and teaching hospitals, filed an amicus brief with the court \u003ca href=\"https://www.aamc.org/media/61976/download?attachment\">arguing that diversity\u003c/a> in medical education “literally saves lives” by ensuring that doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals can competently care for an increasingly diverse population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Diversity in health care providers contributes to increased student, trainee and physician confidence in working with patient populations who are different from their own identities,” said Norma Poll-Hunter, senior director of workforce diversity at the AAMC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although it’s impossible to predict the full impact of the court’s ruling, looking at some of the nine states that already have bans on race-conscious college admissions \u003ca href=\"https://www.chronicle.com/article/race-conscious-admission-bans?cid=gen_sign_in\">may provide clues\u003c/a>. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4454423/\">analysis of bans\u003c/a> in six states found that medical school enrollment of students of color who were members of underrepresented groups fell roughly 17% after the bans were instituted.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about patients?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At this point, it’s hard to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the United States having one of the world’s most advanced systems of medical research and clinical care, Black people and some other minorities often fare worse than white people \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/report/key-data-on-health-and-health-care-by-race-and-ethnicity/#:~:text=Provisional%20data%20from%202021%20show,77.7%20years%20for%20Hispanic%20people\">across a range of health measures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their life expectancies are shorter: 65.2 years for American Indian and Alaska Native people and 70.8 for Blacks in 2021, versus 76.4 for whites, according to KFF. Black and AIAN infants were roughly twice as likely to die as white infants, and women in those minority groups had the highest rates of mortality related to pregnancy in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research shows people of all races tend to prefer to see physicians who are similar to them in race or ethnicity, according to Poll-Hunter. When patients are of the same race as their providers, they report higher levels of satisfaction and trust and better communication.[aside label='More Stories on Health' tag='health']When patients are of the same race or gender as their provider, they may also have better health outcomes, research shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in a study of 1.8 million infants born in Florida hospitals between 1992 and 2015, Black newborns were \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1913405117\">half as likely to die\u003c/a> when cared for by Black physicians as when their doctors were white. Research has historically focused on white newborns with white doctors, said the study’s lead author, Brad Greenwood, a professor of information systems and operations management at George Mason University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To the extent that physicians of a social outgroup are more likely to be aware of the challenges and issues that arise when treating their group, it stands to reason that these physicians may be more equipped to treat patients with complex needs,” according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solution, however, is not to try to ensure all Black patients are seen by Black physicians, Greenwood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jim Crow-ing medicine is not going to solve this,” he said, referring to laws enacted in the 19th and 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ensuring a diverse physician base can improve care for all patients, including those from marginalized groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you increase diversity, the diversity of opinion increases the scope of how people think about things and express best practices,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955176\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955176\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis.jpg\" alt=\"The UC Davis logo with a soccer game and bike riders in the background.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"909\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis-800x379.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis-1020x483.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis-160x76.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis-1536x727.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After California banned race-conscious admissions in 1996, the medical school at UC Davis upended its process to put less emphasis on MCAT scores and grades — and more on socioeconomic measures. \u003ccite>(Joseph DeSantis/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Do No Harm, a group of medical and policy professionals who oppose race-conscious medical school admissions and other policies that incorporate identity-based considerations into health care decision-making says race-conscious admission is about discrimination, not diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our view is that whoever gets into health care should be the most qualified,” said \u003ca href=\"https://donoharmmedicine.org/content-author/dr-stanley-goldfarb/\">Stanley Goldfarb\u003c/a>, who chairs the board of Do No Harm. “It doesn’t matter the gender or the race. The only thing that matters is that they’re good, ethical people and good at what they do.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Norma Poll-Hunter, senior director of workforce diversity, Association of American Medical Colleges\"]‘The reality is that in the United States, we have a history of exclusion, displacement and colonization such that we can’t ignore the reality of race.’[/pullquote]Goldfarb cited studies that showed “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10410236.2023.2223402?journalCode=hhth20\">no relationship\u003c/a>” between race or ethnicity concordance and the quality of communication, and “\u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/23743735221103033\">inconclusive\u003c/a>” evidence for patient outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first med school class that will be affected will be the class of 2028. Some experts have suggested that colleges and medical schools may adopt policies that take \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/06/affirmative-action-race-socioeconomic-supreme-court/674251/\">income or family wealth\u003c/a> into account when determining whom to admit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After California banned race-conscious admissions in 1996, the medical school at the University of California-Davis upended its process to put less emphasis on MCAT scores and grades and more on socioeconomic measures, \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2023/03/07/how-one-medical-school-became-remarkably-diverse-without-considering-race/\">according to Stat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Poll-Hunter, with the AAMC, isn’t convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no substitute or proxy for race,” she said. “The reality is that in the United States, we have a history of exclusion, displacement and colonization such that we can’t ignore the reality of race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "How SCOTUS' Affirmative Action Ruling May Impact Your Health Care | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Doctors are concerned that a Supreme Court ruling issued June 29 will have far-reaching effects not only on the diversity of doctors and other care providers in training, but ultimately, on patient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision found it unconstitutional for colleges and universities to use race as a factor in student admissions, which will affect enrollment decisions at public and private educational institutions, including medical schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like other academic institutions, medical schools have long factored race into admission decisions. The schools operated under the principle — and there is considerable evidence they are correct — that a more diverse workforce of doctors does a better job of treating diverse patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “decision demonstrates a lack of understanding of the critical benefits of racial and ethnic diversity in educational settings and a failure to recognize the urgent need to address health inequities,” read a statement from David Skorton, president and CEO of the Association of American Medical Colleges, and Frank Trinity, its chief legal officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Justice John Roberts wrote \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/20-1199_hgdj.pdf\">the majority opinion (PDF)\u003c/a>. It held that the admissions programs of defendants Harvard College and the University of North Carolina violate the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment, which prohibits racial discrimination. The decision overturned decades of legal precedent that had allowed colleges and universities to evaluate prospective students by their race, in addition to factors such as academic records and test scores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a dissent, Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor wrote on behalf of the court’s three liberal justices that the ruling “cements a superficial rule of colorblindness as a constitutional principle in an endemically segregated society where race has always mattered and continues to matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does the ruling mean for med schools?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The decision may have serious repercussions, medical educators say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AAMC, which represents more than 500 medical schools and teaching hospitals, filed an amicus brief with the court \u003ca href=\"https://www.aamc.org/media/61976/download?attachment\">arguing that diversity\u003c/a> in medical education “literally saves lives” by ensuring that doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals can competently care for an increasingly diverse population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Diversity in health care providers contributes to increased student, trainee and physician confidence in working with patient populations who are different from their own identities,” said Norma Poll-Hunter, senior director of workforce diversity at the AAMC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although it’s impossible to predict the full impact of the court’s ruling, looking at some of the nine states that already have bans on race-conscious college admissions \u003ca href=\"https://www.chronicle.com/article/race-conscious-admission-bans?cid=gen_sign_in\">may provide clues\u003c/a>. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4454423/\">analysis of bans\u003c/a> in six states found that medical school enrollment of students of color who were members of underrepresented groups fell roughly 17% after the bans were instituted.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about patients?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At this point, it’s hard to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the United States having one of the world’s most advanced systems of medical research and clinical care, Black people and some other minorities often fare worse than white people \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/report/key-data-on-health-and-health-care-by-race-and-ethnicity/#:~:text=Provisional%20data%20from%202021%20show,77.7%20years%20for%20Hispanic%20people\">across a range of health measures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their life expectancies are shorter: 65.2 years for American Indian and Alaska Native people and 70.8 for Blacks in 2021, versus 76.4 for whites, according to KFF. Black and AIAN infants were roughly twice as likely to die as white infants, and women in those minority groups had the highest rates of mortality related to pregnancy in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research shows people of all races tend to prefer to see physicians who are similar to them in race or ethnicity, according to Poll-Hunter. When patients are of the same race as their providers, they report higher levels of satisfaction and trust and better communication.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>When patients are of the same race or gender as their provider, they may also have better health outcomes, research shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in a study of 1.8 million infants born in Florida hospitals between 1992 and 2015, Black newborns were \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1913405117\">half as likely to die\u003c/a> when cared for by Black physicians as when their doctors were white. Research has historically focused on white newborns with white doctors, said the study’s lead author, Brad Greenwood, a professor of information systems and operations management at George Mason University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To the extent that physicians of a social outgroup are more likely to be aware of the challenges and issues that arise when treating their group, it stands to reason that these physicians may be more equipped to treat patients with complex needs,” according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solution, however, is not to try to ensure all Black patients are seen by Black physicians, Greenwood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jim Crow-ing medicine is not going to solve this,” he said, referring to laws enacted in the 19th and 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ensuring a diverse physician base can improve care for all patients, including those from marginalized groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you increase diversity, the diversity of opinion increases the scope of how people think about things and express best practices,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955176\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955176\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis.jpg\" alt=\"The UC Davis logo with a soccer game and bike riders in the background.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"909\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis-800x379.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis-1020x483.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis-160x76.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/UCDavis-1536x727.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After California banned race-conscious admissions in 1996, the medical school at UC Davis upended its process to put less emphasis on MCAT scores and grades — and more on socioeconomic measures. \u003ccite>(Joseph DeSantis/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Do No Harm, a group of medical and policy professionals who oppose race-conscious medical school admissions and other policies that incorporate identity-based considerations into health care decision-making says race-conscious admission is about discrimination, not diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our view is that whoever gets into health care should be the most qualified,” said \u003ca href=\"https://donoharmmedicine.org/content-author/dr-stanley-goldfarb/\">Stanley Goldfarb\u003c/a>, who chairs the board of Do No Harm. “It doesn’t matter the gender or the race. The only thing that matters is that they’re good, ethical people and good at what they do.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Goldfarb cited studies that showed “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10410236.2023.2223402?journalCode=hhth20\">no relationship\u003c/a>” between race or ethnicity concordance and the quality of communication, and “\u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/23743735221103033\">inconclusive\u003c/a>” evidence for patient outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first med school class that will be affected will be the class of 2028. Some experts have suggested that colleges and medical schools may adopt policies that take \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/06/affirmative-action-race-socioeconomic-supreme-court/674251/\">income or family wealth\u003c/a> into account when determining whom to admit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After California banned race-conscious admissions in 1996, the medical school at the University of California-Davis upended its process to put less emphasis on MCAT scores and grades and more on socioeconomic measures, \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2023/03/07/how-one-medical-school-became-remarkably-diverse-without-considering-race/\">according to Stat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Poll-Hunter, with the AAMC, isn’t convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no substitute or proxy for race,” she said. “The reality is that in the United States, we have a history of exclusion, displacement and colonization such that we can’t ignore the reality of race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "california-fails-to-collect-basic-abortion-data-even-as-it-invites-an-out-of-state-influx",
"title": "California Doesn't Collect Basic Abortion Data — Even As It Invites an Out-of-State Influx",
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"headTitle": "California Doesn’t Collect Basic Abortion Data — Even As It Invites an Out-of-State Influx | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>With federal abortion protections eliminated in a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/abortion-rights/2022/06/california-abortion-roe-ruling/\">watershed U.S. Supreme Court decision\u003c/a>, California is preparing for a flood of out-of-state patients seeking abortions as it positions itself as a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2022/04/california-abortion-rights/\">stronghold for reproductive rights\u003c/a>. Most lawmakers are even willing to foot the multimillion-dollar bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Jessica Pinckney, executive director, ACCESS Reproductive Justice\"]‘Every journalist and every legislator I’ve talked to in the past six months wants to know how many people are coming to California.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But amid all the politicking, one crucial question remains unanswered: How does California plan for a significant increase when it doesn’t know how many abortions are currently performed in the state?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although almost every other state tracks abortion information — including how many people arrive from out of state — California is one of three that does not. The California Department of Public Health has not kept track of any abortion data since 1997. When CalMatters asked why, the agency did not provide an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having a lack of information and data is sometimes an issue,” said Jessica Pinckney, executive director of ACCESS Reproductive Justice, which provides funding for those who can’t afford abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every journalist and every legislator I’ve talked to in the past six months wants to know how many people are coming to California,” Pinckney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent brief from UCLA’s Center on Reproductive Health, Law, and Policy estimated that post-Roe, 26 states would ban all or nearly all abortions — \u003ca href=\"https://law.ucla.edu/sites/default/files/PDFs/Center_on_Reproductive_Health/California_Abortion_Estimates.pdf?campaign_id=49&emc=edit_ca_20220627&instance_id=65130&nl=california-today®i_id=76640136&segment_id=96906&te=1&user_id=c120963d91c8afc63788786e6663d8bb\">prompting between 8,000 and 16,100 more people to travel to California seeking abortions each year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet as of today, there’s no centralized system collecting information on how many Californians are obtaining abortions here. Individual clinics and hospitals in California know how many procedures they perform, but it’s hard to get the full picture on abortions and how much they cost, Pinckney said. State officials said the new \u003ca href=\"https://hcai.ca.gov/data-and-reports/cost-transparency/healthcare-payments/\">Health Care Payments Database\u003c/a>, which tracks insurance claims, should capture abortion procedures and medication, but the information likely won’t be available until the end of next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, estimating future demand for abortion services remains difficult — but that hasn’t stopped legislators from pushing forward with big-ticket budget proposals.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"roe-v-wade\"]In a budget deal announced Sunday night, Gov. Gavin Newsom and legislators pledged \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/abortion-rights/2022/06/california-abortion-roe-ruling/\">more than $200 million to improve reproductive health care in the state\u003c/a>, including $40 million to directly subsidize the cost of providing abortions for lower-income or uninsured patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next year, most insurance plans in the state will be required to eliminate out-of-pocket fees for abortion services, meaning the money will go primarily to uninsured Californians and out-of-state residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With today’s Supreme Court decision to endanger the health and safety of millions of women across the country, California must do everything it can to protect the fundamental rights of all women — in California and beyond,” Newsom said in a statement following the Supreme Court decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the funding is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2022/05/abortion-rights-california-election/\">15-bill package\u003c/a> pushed forward by the California Future of Abortion Council to improve clinical infrastructure, strengthen privacy protections and remove barriers to access. The abortion council was convened by Newsom in 2021 to assess the reproductive health landscape in California and draft policy recommendations for lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the perilous state of abortion rights in most of the country, the legislation and funding is necessary for California to “truly be a reproductive freedom state,” said Lisa Matsubara, general counsel for Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, one of the council’s leading organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget deal also commits $20 million over three years to establish the California Abortion Support Fund to help offset travel, child care and other costs that might prohibit a patient from getting to a clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, much like the question of how many nonresidents will seek abortions here, the number of Californians who need additional support is at best a guesstimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Abortion data: What do we know?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“It is my dream to set up some sort of surveillance system for California,” said Ushma Upadhyay, a leading abortion researcher and associate professor-in-residence at UC San Francisco’s Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health. Among researchers and public health professionals, “surveillance” is a term used to describe routine data collection and analysis to assess trends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a researcher, [surveillance] is incredible. It’s really helpful to understand access,” Upadhyay said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the state doesn’t track abortions, the information may be out there, advocates say. The Guttmacher Institute, a national reproductive health think tank, is widely cited for its \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2022/06/long-term-decline-us-abortions-reverses-showing-rising-need-abortion-supreme-court\">survey of abortion providers\u003c/a>: The organization sends a survey to all known abortion providers in the country every three years to calculate its estimates.[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation=\"Ushma Upadhyay, researcher and associate professor, UCSF's Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health\"]‘For a researcher, [surveillance] is incredible. It’s really helpful to understand access.’[/pullquote]“It’s not like we’re running blind,” said Fabiola Carrión, director of reproductive and sexual health at the National Health Law Program, a member of the abortion council. “Guttmacher has numbers on abortions in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guttmacher published its \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2022/06/long-term-decline-us-abortions-reverses-showing-rising-need-abortion-supreme-court\">latest abortion survey with 2020 estimates\u003c/a> this month, showing the first significant increase in abortions nationwide since 1980. The new survey is the first update to include California since 2017. It estimates roughly 154,000 abortions were performed in California in 2020, a 16% increase from 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/state-facts-about-abortion-california\">Some of those abortions likely were for nonresidents\u003c/a>, but the number isn’t specified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which conducts an annual abortion survey, does ask which state patients reside in as well as where the procedure was performed. But California does not participate in the CDC survey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best guess on abortion numbers comes from another Guttmacher data point. Its projections indicate \u003ca href=\"https://states.guttmacher.org/#california\">the number of women of reproductive age whose nearest abortion clinic would be in California would increase 30-fold\u003c/a> as other states ban abortions, which they are expected to do now that federal protections are gone.[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Fabiola Carrión, director of reproductive and sexual health, National Health Law Program\"]‘We want to know these numbers because we want policy to reflect what people need.’[/pullquote]That means 1.3 million more women, primarily from Arizona, would find themselves closest to a California clinic. Arizona, along with two dozen other states, has a “trigger ban” on abortions, making the procedure illegal the moment Roe was overturned, according to the Guttmacher Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using women of reproductive age as a proxy for abortion need, however, is an imprecise metric, especially considering how abortion rates have declined nationally over the past three decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those estimates are also based on driving distance and don’t take into account the fact that California’s major transportation hubs make flying a convenient option, Planned Parenthood’s Matsubara said. Evidence from ACCESS already shows that women from states farther away than Arizona are seeking abortions in California, with 18 states represented among its clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But without detailed yearly state data, crafting precise policy is difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to know these numbers because we want policy to reflect what people need,” Carrión said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/9333881/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some questions are fairly basic: How many abortions are performed each year in California? How many people seek out medication abortions versus procedural ones?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other questions are important for assessing the impact of current health policy: Are there ethnic or age groups that are disproportionately affected? Is telehealth a help or a hindrance for people seeking abortions?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still other questions seek to identify how accessible abortion care is, and what the unmet needs are: How many people come from out of state for abortions? How far do people in the state have to travel to reach a clinic? In which trimester do most abortions occur and how many Californians have to leave the state to seek third-trimester options?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC’s survey includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/ss/ss7009a1.htm\">answers to many of these questions\u003c/a>, but California was no longer included when it stopped reporting data in 1997.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no policy preventing the department from collecting abortion data, according to an emailed statement from Matt Conens, a spokesperson for the California Department of Public Health. When asked specifically why the health department doesn’t track abortions, Conens said it is not required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate email sent without attribution, a statement reads “the California Department of Public Health does not have information about the history of abortion-data reporting in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means the information on statewide trends is piecemeal at best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/9333881/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only window into abortions here is through Medi-Cal, the state’s health insurance program for lower-income people, which covers roughly a third of all Californians. Medi-Cal data suggests that the abortion rate has been dropping among enrollees since 2014. There are no numbers on procedures among those with private insurance, those who may have paid out of pocket or those from out of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals, surgery centers and insurers may collect the information voluntarily but aren’t required to report it. Abortion clinics also are not required to report any of their data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise, there is no way to track the number of medication abortions in the state, although \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2022/02/medication-abortion-now-accounts-more-half-all-us-abortions\">nationwide trends suggest they may comprise up to half of all abortions\u003c/a>. Medication abortions use prescription drugs — the “abortion pill” — to terminate a pregnancy within the first 10 weeks, a physical experience similar to an early miscarriage.[aside postID=\"arts_13912860,news_11917111,news_11917541\" label=\"Related Stories\"]The California Department of Health Care Access and Information collects annual data from hospitals and surgery centers, capturing surgical abortions regardless of insurance status, but the department does not receive any data from abortion clinics, spokesperson Andrew DiLuccia said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinckney said some of the proposals put forth in the bill package, like creating a statewide website where providers can contribute information on services and funding, would be helpful. It would also make it easier for providers to refer patients to one another if they can’t accommodate them. The key is making sure the data is secure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That takes additional resources but it’s absolutely necessary to protect the privacy of patients and providers because people have politicized abortion so seriously,” Pinckney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget passed by the Legislature in June includes $20 million to improve physical and digital security at reproductive health facilities. It also includes $1 million for the state health department to research unmet abortion needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF abortion researcher Upadhyay said while $1 million isn’t a lot compared to how much research typically costs, it is an important signal of California’s commitment to abortion rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Traditionally the National Institutes of Health and CDC do not fund research on abortion, and that’s why this funding is so critical,” Upadhyay said. Lack of federal support tends to create a “chilling effect” when it comes to investing in abortion research, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are we spending wisely?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Based on the work of the abortion council — which released \u003ca href=\"https://www.cafabcouncil.org/_files/ugd/ddc900_0beac0c75cb54445a230168863566b55.pdf\">a report in 2021 outlining 45 policy recommendations\u003c/a> — the Newsom administration is confident proposed spending on reproductive health is adequate, said Richard Figueroa, deputy cabinet secretary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bulk of the spending focuses on offsetting the cost of abortions provided for free or at reduced rates, helping abortion clinics improve security and encouraging more providers to offer abortions with loan repayment. There also is funding for improving sexual and reproductive health education that meets the social, cultural and linguistic needs of communities throughout the state.[aside postID=\"news_11917975,news_11896908,news_11916950\" label=”Related Stories”]“These are unmet needs that we know already exist. These are not ephemeral things,” Figueroa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recommendations made by the abortion council and incorporated in the 15-bill package are based on members’ experience. The 40-member group forecasted future costs based on how much money they’ve collectively spent on improving access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matsubara said Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California provided close to $20 million for abortion care last year that was not reimbursed by insurance. ACCESS Reproductive Justice spent around $63,000 to help people pay for procedures or medication and $28,000 in travel grants or other practical support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s hard to say what the outstanding needs are. Between January and April of this year, ACCESS fielded twice as many calls from people seeking assistance compared to the same period last year. Around 30% of the calls were from out of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been really clear that there are a lot of unknowns and we may have to come back to the state Legislature at some point and request additional funds just depending on how it pans out,” ACCESS Executive Director Pinckney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The money earmarked for abortion research in the budget can be used to answer some of these questions and assess the effectiveness of the bill package once implemented, Deputy Cabinet Secretary Figueroa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need good data to help you make good decisions,” Figueroa said. “It was very clear to us that there were still some things that we needed to learn about the provision of abortion care in California.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "As California vows to protect abortion rights, it lacks the data that would help estimate how many out-of-state patients may seek services. Currently, the state does not collect abortion data, including comprehensive numbers.",
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"title": "California Doesn't Collect Basic Abortion Data — Even As It Invites an Out-of-State Influx | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With federal abortion protections eliminated in a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/abortion-rights/2022/06/california-abortion-roe-ruling/\">watershed U.S. Supreme Court decision\u003c/a>, California is preparing for a flood of out-of-state patients seeking abortions as it positions itself as a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2022/04/california-abortion-rights/\">stronghold for reproductive rights\u003c/a>. Most lawmakers are even willing to foot the multimillion-dollar bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But amid all the politicking, one crucial question remains unanswered: How does California plan for a significant increase when it doesn’t know how many abortions are currently performed in the state?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although almost every other state tracks abortion information — including how many people arrive from out of state — California is one of three that does not. The California Department of Public Health has not kept track of any abortion data since 1997. When CalMatters asked why, the agency did not provide an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having a lack of information and data is sometimes an issue,” said Jessica Pinckney, executive director of ACCESS Reproductive Justice, which provides funding for those who can’t afford abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every journalist and every legislator I’ve talked to in the past six months wants to know how many people are coming to California,” Pinckney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent brief from UCLA’s Center on Reproductive Health, Law, and Policy estimated that post-Roe, 26 states would ban all or nearly all abortions — \u003ca href=\"https://law.ucla.edu/sites/default/files/PDFs/Center_on_Reproductive_Health/California_Abortion_Estimates.pdf?campaign_id=49&emc=edit_ca_20220627&instance_id=65130&nl=california-today®i_id=76640136&segment_id=96906&te=1&user_id=c120963d91c8afc63788786e6663d8bb\">prompting between 8,000 and 16,100 more people to travel to California seeking abortions each year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet as of today, there’s no centralized system collecting information on how many Californians are obtaining abortions here. Individual clinics and hospitals in California know how many procedures they perform, but it’s hard to get the full picture on abortions and how much they cost, Pinckney said. State officials said the new \u003ca href=\"https://hcai.ca.gov/data-and-reports/cost-transparency/healthcare-payments/\">Health Care Payments Database\u003c/a>, which tracks insurance claims, should capture abortion procedures and medication, but the information likely won’t be available until the end of next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, estimating future demand for abortion services remains difficult — but that hasn’t stopped legislators from pushing forward with big-ticket budget proposals.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In a budget deal announced Sunday night, Gov. Gavin Newsom and legislators pledged \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/abortion-rights/2022/06/california-abortion-roe-ruling/\">more than $200 million to improve reproductive health care in the state\u003c/a>, including $40 million to directly subsidize the cost of providing abortions for lower-income or uninsured patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next year, most insurance plans in the state will be required to eliminate out-of-pocket fees for abortion services, meaning the money will go primarily to uninsured Californians and out-of-state residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With today’s Supreme Court decision to endanger the health and safety of millions of women across the country, California must do everything it can to protect the fundamental rights of all women — in California and beyond,” Newsom said in a statement following the Supreme Court decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the funding is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2022/05/abortion-rights-california-election/\">15-bill package\u003c/a> pushed forward by the California Future of Abortion Council to improve clinical infrastructure, strengthen privacy protections and remove barriers to access. The abortion council was convened by Newsom in 2021 to assess the reproductive health landscape in California and draft policy recommendations for lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the perilous state of abortion rights in most of the country, the legislation and funding is necessary for California to “truly be a reproductive freedom state,” said Lisa Matsubara, general counsel for Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, one of the council’s leading organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget deal also commits $20 million over three years to establish the California Abortion Support Fund to help offset travel, child care and other costs that might prohibit a patient from getting to a clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, much like the question of how many nonresidents will seek abortions here, the number of Californians who need additional support is at best a guesstimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Abortion data: What do we know?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“It is my dream to set up some sort of surveillance system for California,” said Ushma Upadhyay, a leading abortion researcher and associate professor-in-residence at UC San Francisco’s Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health. Among researchers and public health professionals, “surveillance” is a term used to describe routine data collection and analysis to assess trends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a researcher, [surveillance] is incredible. It’s really helpful to understand access,” Upadhyay said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the state doesn’t track abortions, the information may be out there, advocates say. The Guttmacher Institute, a national reproductive health think tank, is widely cited for its \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2022/06/long-term-decline-us-abortions-reverses-showing-rising-need-abortion-supreme-court\">survey of abortion providers\u003c/a>: The organization sends a survey to all known abortion providers in the country every three years to calculate its estimates.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It’s not like we’re running blind,” said Fabiola Carrión, director of reproductive and sexual health at the National Health Law Program, a member of the abortion council. “Guttmacher has numbers on abortions in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guttmacher published its \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2022/06/long-term-decline-us-abortions-reverses-showing-rising-need-abortion-supreme-court\">latest abortion survey with 2020 estimates\u003c/a> this month, showing the first significant increase in abortions nationwide since 1980. The new survey is the first update to include California since 2017. It estimates roughly 154,000 abortions were performed in California in 2020, a 16% increase from 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/state-facts-about-abortion-california\">Some of those abortions likely were for nonresidents\u003c/a>, but the number isn’t specified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which conducts an annual abortion survey, does ask which state patients reside in as well as where the procedure was performed. But California does not participate in the CDC survey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best guess on abortion numbers comes from another Guttmacher data point. Its projections indicate \u003ca href=\"https://states.guttmacher.org/#california\">the number of women of reproductive age whose nearest abortion clinic would be in California would increase 30-fold\u003c/a> as other states ban abortions, which they are expected to do now that federal protections are gone.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That means 1.3 million more women, primarily from Arizona, would find themselves closest to a California clinic. Arizona, along with two dozen other states, has a “trigger ban” on abortions, making the procedure illegal the moment Roe was overturned, according to the Guttmacher Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using women of reproductive age as a proxy for abortion need, however, is an imprecise metric, especially considering how abortion rates have declined nationally over the past three decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those estimates are also based on driving distance and don’t take into account the fact that California’s major transportation hubs make flying a convenient option, Planned Parenthood’s Matsubara said. Evidence from ACCESS already shows that women from states farther away than Arizona are seeking abortions in California, with 18 states represented among its clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But without detailed yearly state data, crafting precise policy is difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to know these numbers because we want policy to reflect what people need,” Carrión said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/9333881/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some questions are fairly basic: How many abortions are performed each year in California? How many people seek out medication abortions versus procedural ones?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other questions are important for assessing the impact of current health policy: Are there ethnic or age groups that are disproportionately affected? Is telehealth a help or a hindrance for people seeking abortions?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still other questions seek to identify how accessible abortion care is, and what the unmet needs are: How many people come from out of state for abortions? How far do people in the state have to travel to reach a clinic? In which trimester do most abortions occur and how many Californians have to leave the state to seek third-trimester options?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC’s survey includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/ss/ss7009a1.htm\">answers to many of these questions\u003c/a>, but California was no longer included when it stopped reporting data in 1997.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no policy preventing the department from collecting abortion data, according to an emailed statement from Matt Conens, a spokesperson for the California Department of Public Health. When asked specifically why the health department doesn’t track abortions, Conens said it is not required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate email sent without attribution, a statement reads “the California Department of Public Health does not have information about the history of abortion-data reporting in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means the information on statewide trends is piecemeal at best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/9333881/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only window into abortions here is through Medi-Cal, the state’s health insurance program for lower-income people, which covers roughly a third of all Californians. Medi-Cal data suggests that the abortion rate has been dropping among enrollees since 2014. There are no numbers on procedures among those with private insurance, those who may have paid out of pocket or those from out of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals, surgery centers and insurers may collect the information voluntarily but aren’t required to report it. Abortion clinics also are not required to report any of their data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Likewise, there is no way to track the number of medication abortions in the state, although \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2022/02/medication-abortion-now-accounts-more-half-all-us-abortions\">nationwide trends suggest they may comprise up to half of all abortions\u003c/a>. Medication abortions use prescription drugs — the “abortion pill” — to terminate a pregnancy within the first 10 weeks, a physical experience similar to an early miscarriage.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The California Department of Health Care Access and Information collects annual data from hospitals and surgery centers, capturing surgical abortions regardless of insurance status, but the department does not receive any data from abortion clinics, spokesperson Andrew DiLuccia said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinckney said some of the proposals put forth in the bill package, like creating a statewide website where providers can contribute information on services and funding, would be helpful. It would also make it easier for providers to refer patients to one another if they can’t accommodate them. The key is making sure the data is secure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That takes additional resources but it’s absolutely necessary to protect the privacy of patients and providers because people have politicized abortion so seriously,” Pinckney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget passed by the Legislature in June includes $20 million to improve physical and digital security at reproductive health facilities. It also includes $1 million for the state health department to research unmet abortion needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF abortion researcher Upadhyay said while $1 million isn’t a lot compared to how much research typically costs, it is an important signal of California’s commitment to abortion rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Traditionally the National Institutes of Health and CDC do not fund research on abortion, and that’s why this funding is so critical,” Upadhyay said. Lack of federal support tends to create a “chilling effect” when it comes to investing in abortion research, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are we spending wisely?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Based on the work of the abortion council — which released \u003ca href=\"https://www.cafabcouncil.org/_files/ugd/ddc900_0beac0c75cb54445a230168863566b55.pdf\">a report in 2021 outlining 45 policy recommendations\u003c/a> — the Newsom administration is confident proposed spending on reproductive health is adequate, said Richard Figueroa, deputy cabinet secretary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bulk of the spending focuses on offsetting the cost of abortions provided for free or at reduced rates, helping abortion clinics improve security and encouraging more providers to offer abortions with loan repayment. There also is funding for improving sexual and reproductive health education that meets the social, cultural and linguistic needs of communities throughout the state.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“These are unmet needs that we know already exist. These are not ephemeral things,” Figueroa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recommendations made by the abortion council and incorporated in the 15-bill package are based on members’ experience. The 40-member group forecasted future costs based on how much money they’ve collectively spent on improving access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matsubara said Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California provided close to $20 million for abortion care last year that was not reimbursed by insurance. ACCESS Reproductive Justice spent around $63,000 to help people pay for procedures or medication and $28,000 in travel grants or other practical support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s hard to say what the outstanding needs are. Between January and April of this year, ACCESS fielded twice as many calls from people seeking assistance compared to the same period last year. Around 30% of the calls were from out of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been really clear that there are a lot of unknowns and we may have to come back to the state Legislature at some point and request additional funds just depending on how it pans out,” ACCESS Executive Director Pinckney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The money earmarked for abortion research in the budget can be used to answer some of these questions and assess the effectiveness of the bill package once implemented, Deputy Cabinet Secretary Figueroa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need good data to help you make good decisions,” Figueroa said. “It was very clear to us that there were still some things that we needed to learn about the provision of abortion care in California.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"headTitle": "Poll: Majorities Oppose Supreme Court’s Abortion Ruling and Worry About Other Rights | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Majorities of Americans say they disagree with the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn \u003cem>Roe v. Wade\u003c/em>, think it was politically motivated, are concerned the court will now reconsider rulings that protect other rights, and are more likely to vote for a candidate this fall who would restore the right to an abortion, according to the latest \u003ca href=\"https://maristpoll.marist.edu/polls/npr-pbs-newshour-marist-national-poll-the-overturning-of-roe-v-wade-june-2022\">NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist poll\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, a majority opposes expanding the number of justices who could sit on the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In overturning \u003cem>Roe\u003c/em> on Friday, the Supreme Court reversed 50 years of precedent that had made abortion a right in this country. The right to regulate abortion now is in states’ hands, and about half the states have already moved to severely curtail access to an abortion or ban the procedure outright.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/datawrapper/kBUbZ/3/?initialWidth=763&childId=responsive-embed-kBUbZ&parentTitle=Poll%3A%20Majorities%20oppose%20Supreme%20Court%27s%20abortion%20ruling%20and%20worry%20about%20other%20rights%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2022%2F06%2F27%2F1107733632%2Fpoll-majorities-oppose-supreme-courts-abortion-ruling-and-worry-about-other-righ\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is personal to most Americans. Two-thirds of people responding to the poll say they or someone they know has had an abortion. That was true of three-quarters of independents, 7-in-10 Democrats and 55% of Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveys have for years shown consistently that most Americans wanted to keep \u003cem>Roe \u003c/em>in place and to see restrictions on when abortions could take place. What the court did is clearly outside the mainstream of public opinion, and that is reflected again in the NPR poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey of 941 respondents, conducted Friday after the decision through Saturday, has a margin of error of +/-4.9 percentage points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A majority are against the decision\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By a 56%-to-40% margin, respondents oppose the court’s decision, including 45% who \u003cem>strongly\u003c/em> oppose it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More Roe v Wade Coverage\" tag=\"roe-v-wade\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost 9-in-10 Democrats and a slim majority of independents (53%) are against the decision. Three-quarters of Republicans, on the other hand, support it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a massive split by education – 69% of college graduates oppose the decision while those without degrees are split. Half of whites without degrees support the decision, while two-thirds of whites with college degrees oppose it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A majority of men and women are against the decision, though a slightly higher percentage of women oppose it (59% vs. 54%).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along racial lines, 60% of non-whites and 54% of whites oppose the decision. (There were too few people surveyed to break out individual racial groups any further without margins of error getting too high.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By a 57%-to-36% margin, respondents said the decision was mostly based on politics as opposed to the law. And by a 56%-to-41% margin are concerned that the overturning of \u003cem>Roe \u003c/em>will be used by the Supreme Court to reconsider past rulings that protect contraception, same-sex relationships, and same-sex marriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Confidence in the Supreme Court is on the decline\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Just 39% said they have a great deal or quite a lot of confidence in the Supreme Court; 58% said they have not very much or no confidence at all in the institution. That’s a low in the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But few want to change the size of the court in the wake of the decision. Only a third of respondents said they were in favor of expanding the Supreme Court; 54% percent said they oppose that move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixty-two percent of Democrats said they are in favor of doing so, but 57% of independents and nearly 9-in-10 Republicans were opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>People are more likely to vote now – particularly Democrats\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This issue presents volatility into the 2022 midterms, because 78% of Democrats say the court’s decision makes them more likely to vote this fall, 24 points higher than Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11917111,news_11917541,arts_13912860\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bare majority of 51% say they would definitely vote for a candidate who would support a federal law to restore the right to an abortion, while 36% would definitely vote against such a candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could be a shot in the arm for Democrats if they mobilize around this issue, though Republicans are still favored at this point to take back the House this fall because of high inflation and gas prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats have regained the favor of voters to control Congress, with 48% saying they are more likely to vote for a Democratic candidate in the fall and 41% more likely to vote for a Republican. In April, Republicans led on that question in the poll 47% to 44%, which was within the margin of error. However, the lead for Democrats may not translate into maintaining control due to the way voters are geographically distributed and how boundaries of congressional districts are drawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Biden gets a 40% approval rating, while 53% disapprove of the job he is doing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Majorities of Americans say they disagree with the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn \u003cem>Roe v. Wade\u003c/em>, think it was politically motivated, are concerned the court will now reconsider rulings that protect other rights, and are more likely to vote for a candidate this fall who would restore the right to an abortion, according to the latest \u003ca href=\"https://maristpoll.marist.edu/polls/npr-pbs-newshour-marist-national-poll-the-overturning-of-roe-v-wade-june-2022\">NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist poll\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, a majority opposes expanding the number of justices who could sit on the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In overturning \u003cem>Roe\u003c/em> on Friday, the Supreme Court reversed 50 years of precedent that had made abortion a right in this country. The right to regulate abortion now is in states’ hands, and about half the states have already moved to severely curtail access to an abortion or ban the procedure outright.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/datawrapper/kBUbZ/3/?initialWidth=763&childId=responsive-embed-kBUbZ&parentTitle=Poll%3A%20Majorities%20oppose%20Supreme%20Court%27s%20abortion%20ruling%20and%20worry%20about%20other%20rights%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2022%2F06%2F27%2F1107733632%2Fpoll-majorities-oppose-supreme-courts-abortion-ruling-and-worry-about-other-righ\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is personal to most Americans. Two-thirds of people responding to the poll say they or someone they know has had an abortion. That was true of three-quarters of independents, 7-in-10 Democrats and 55% of Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surveys have for years shown consistently that most Americans wanted to keep \u003cem>Roe \u003c/em>in place and to see restrictions on when abortions could take place. What the court did is clearly outside the mainstream of public opinion, and that is reflected again in the NPR poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey of 941 respondents, conducted Friday after the decision through Saturday, has a margin of error of +/-4.9 percentage points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost 9-in-10 Democrats and a slim majority of independents (53%) are against the decision. Three-quarters of Republicans, on the other hand, support it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a massive split by education – 69% of college graduates oppose the decision while those without degrees are split. Half of whites without degrees support the decision, while two-thirds of whites with college degrees oppose it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A majority of men and women are against the decision, though a slightly higher percentage of women oppose it (59% vs. 54%).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along racial lines, 60% of non-whites and 54% of whites oppose the decision. (There were too few people surveyed to break out individual racial groups any further without margins of error getting too high.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By a 57%-to-36% margin, respondents said the decision was mostly based on politics as opposed to the law. And by a 56%-to-41% margin are concerned that the overturning of \u003cem>Roe \u003c/em>will be used by the Supreme Court to reconsider past rulings that protect contraception, same-sex relationships, and same-sex marriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Confidence in the Supreme Court is on the decline\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Just 39% said they have a great deal or quite a lot of confidence in the Supreme Court; 58% said they have not very much or no confidence at all in the institution. That’s a low in the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But few want to change the size of the court in the wake of the decision. Only a third of respondents said they were in favor of expanding the Supreme Court; 54% percent said they oppose that move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixty-two percent of Democrats said they are in favor of doing so, but 57% of independents and nearly 9-in-10 Republicans were opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>People are more likely to vote now – particularly Democrats\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This issue presents volatility into the 2022 midterms, because 78% of Democrats say the court’s decision makes them more likely to vote this fall, 24 points higher than Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/23/1102995474/supreme-court-opinion-guns\">issued one of its most significant gun law rulings in more than a decade\u003c/a>, tossing out New York state’s tight restrictions on who can carry a concealed gun in public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gun rights activists are celebrating \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/21pdf/20-843_7j80.pdf\">the 6-3 decision\u003c/a>, while advocates for stricter gun laws decry it. Both agree that California’s similar law may be challenged next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling likely marks the most dramatic expansion of gun rights in the United States since 2008, when the Supreme Court clarified for the first time that the Second Amendment’s right “to keep and bear” firearms \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/07pdf/07-290.pdf\">applies to individual citizens\u003c/a>, not just state militia members. But that ruling only affirmed the right for “\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/07pdf/07-290.pdf\">self-defense within the home\u003c/a>,” leaving states with wide discretion over whether and how to restrict guns elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s ruling brings that constitutional right outside the home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Confining the right to ‘bear’ arms to the home would make little sense,” Justice Clarence Thomas wrote for the court’s majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom called the ruling “shameful” and a “dark day for America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a dangerous decision from a court hell bent on pushing a radical ideological agenda and infringing on the rights of states to protect our citizens from being gunned down in our streets, schools, and churches,” the governor \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1539993469644447744?s=20&t=sjv9Ft93Ni-II6qkD03XOg\">said on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1539993469644447744?s=20&t=yo2sTI8Si1Vm5jHOV9hEmw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Alex Padilla joined Newsom in condemning the court’s ruling. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision will make our communities less safe, plain and simple,” Padilla said in a statement. “This dangerous decision misinterprets the Constitution and jeopardizes gun safety laws in a number of states, including California, which has some of the most effective gun safety measures in the nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said in a statement that the high court is condoning mass shootings and the “ongoing tragedy of daily gun deaths plaguing our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is unfathomable that, while families in Uvalde, Buffalo and countless other communities mourn their loved ones stolen by gun violence, a supermajority of the Supreme Court has chosen to endanger more American lives,” Pelosi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most states either issue concealed carry licenses upon request or do not require licenses at all. But in eight states, applicants are required to show a compelling need before being granted permission to tote around a concealed firearm. Until Thursday’s ruling, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/03/1049380749/gun-rights-supreme-court-arguments-new-york\">New York was one of those states\u003c/a>. California is another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know of no other constitutional right that an individual may exercise only after demonstrating to government officers some special need,” Thomas wrote, offering a description of New York’s concealed carry law, but also California’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/81c2beb2-ad03-44b3-8083-a72264319fb8?src=embed\" title=\"Concealed carry regulations\" width=\"800\" height=\"798\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How easily a Californian is able to obtain a concealed weapon permit depends on where they live. That’s because in California these licenses are issued by local law enforcement — either city police chiefs or county sheriffs. And while state law requires applicants to demonstrate “good cause,” local law enforcement officials have wide latitude to define what that means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In counties with Republican sheriffs — \u003ca href=\"https://revealnews.org/article/want-to-carry-a-concealed-gun-live-in-sacramento-not-san-francisco/\">Sacramento\u003c/a> and Tehama, for example — permits are issued to all qualified applicants so long as they pay the necessary fees, take a firearms safety class as required by state law and don’t have a criminal record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco sits on the opposite end of the spectrum.\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfsheriff.com/sites/default/files/2021-05/SFSD%2001-15%20CCW.pdf\"> According to county sheriff guidelines\u003c/a>, an applicant living in the city must “supply convincing evidence” that they are at “significant risk of danger” that local law enforcement “cannot adequately address” and “cannot reasonably be avoided by alternative measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s ruling doesn’t immediately invalidate restrictive concealed carry policies like those in San Francisco. But it does make legal challenges against California’s entire discretionary system much more likely to succeed. In 2017, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/26/us/politics/supreme-court-guns-public-california.html\">declined to hear a challenge to California’s concealed carry law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s ruling could have much more sweeping implications that touch on all areas of California gun laws – from the state’s ban on assault-style weapons and high-capacity magazines to its restrictions on “ghost guns.” That’s because the new ruling sets a higher bar for any firearm restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To justify its regulation, the government may not simply posit that the regulation promotes an important interest,” Thomas wrote. “Rather, the government must demonstrate that the regulation is consistent with this Nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Michel, president of the California Rifle & Pistol Association (the state’s National Rifle Association chapter), told CalMatters on Thursday that he plans to file a host of new legal briefs in existing court challenges against the state’s assault weapon ban, its background check requirements, its large capacity magazine ban and against Los Angeles County’s concealed carry restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said today’s ruling is “going to simplify the whole process of judging whether or not a gun law is constitutional” and that the State of California will now have a harder time arguing that its strict rules are legal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='gun-control']At the same time the nation’s highest court expands the scope of the Second Amendment, Congress is on the verge of adding a few modest extra guardrails. In response to the mass shooting at an elementary school in Uvalde, Texas, in which a gunman killed 19 children and two teachers with a semi-automatic rifle, the U.S. Senate passed a\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/21/1106466279/senators-reach-final-bipartisan-agreement-on-a-gun-safety-bill\"> bipartisan gun bill\u003c/a> on Wednesday over the objections of the National Rifle Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If passed by the House of Representatives and signed by President Joe Biden, as is expected, the measure would ratchet up some background checks for younger would-be gun buyers. It would also provide funding to states interested in introducing “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/06/california-gun-laws-biden/\">red-flag laws\u003c/a>,” which make it easier for authorities to temporarily remove firearms from those deemed to be a threat to themselves or others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers in California are also considering their own raft of new gun bills. That includes legislation that would open gun vendors and manufacturers to an array of lawsuits for\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2021/12/texas-abortion-ban-newsom-assault-weapons/\"> violating state gun rules\u003c/a> or\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2022/05/california-gun-control-bill/\"> marketing guns and ammunition to minors\u003c/a> or others who aren’t allowed to own them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/23/1102995474/supreme-court-opinion-guns\">issued one of its most significant gun law rulings in more than a decade\u003c/a>, tossing out New York state’s tight restrictions on who can carry a concealed gun in public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gun rights activists are celebrating \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/21pdf/20-843_7j80.pdf\">the 6-3 decision\u003c/a>, while advocates for stricter gun laws decry it. Both agree that California’s similar law may be challenged next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling likely marks the most dramatic expansion of gun rights in the United States since 2008, when the Supreme Court clarified for the first time that the Second Amendment’s right “to keep and bear” firearms \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/07pdf/07-290.pdf\">applies to individual citizens\u003c/a>, not just state militia members. But that ruling only affirmed the right for “\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/07pdf/07-290.pdf\">self-defense within the home\u003c/a>,” leaving states with wide discretion over whether and how to restrict guns elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s ruling brings that constitutional right outside the home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Confining the right to ‘bear’ arms to the home would make little sense,” Justice Clarence Thomas wrote for the court’s majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom called the ruling “shameful” and a “dark day for America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a dangerous decision from a court hell bent on pushing a radical ideological agenda and infringing on the rights of states to protect our citizens from being gunned down in our streets, schools, and churches,” the governor \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1539993469644447744?s=20&t=sjv9Ft93Ni-II6qkD03XOg\">said on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Sen. Alex Padilla joined Newsom in condemning the court’s ruling. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision will make our communities less safe, plain and simple,” Padilla said in a statement. “This dangerous decision misinterprets the Constitution and jeopardizes gun safety laws in a number of states, including California, which has some of the most effective gun safety measures in the nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said in a statement that the high court is condoning mass shootings and the “ongoing tragedy of daily gun deaths plaguing our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is unfathomable that, while families in Uvalde, Buffalo and countless other communities mourn their loved ones stolen by gun violence, a supermajority of the Supreme Court has chosen to endanger more American lives,” Pelosi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most states either issue concealed carry licenses upon request or do not require licenses at all. But in eight states, applicants are required to show a compelling need before being granted permission to tote around a concealed firearm. Until Thursday’s ruling, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/03/1049380749/gun-rights-supreme-court-arguments-new-york\">New York was one of those states\u003c/a>. California is another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know of no other constitutional right that an individual may exercise only after demonstrating to government officers some special need,” Thomas wrote, offering a description of New York’s concealed carry law, but also California’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/81c2beb2-ad03-44b3-8083-a72264319fb8?src=embed\" title=\"Concealed carry regulations\" width=\"800\" height=\"798\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How easily a Californian is able to obtain a concealed weapon permit depends on where they live. That’s because in California these licenses are issued by local law enforcement — either city police chiefs or county sheriffs. And while state law requires applicants to demonstrate “good cause,” local law enforcement officials have wide latitude to define what that means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In counties with Republican sheriffs — \u003ca href=\"https://revealnews.org/article/want-to-carry-a-concealed-gun-live-in-sacramento-not-san-francisco/\">Sacramento\u003c/a> and Tehama, for example — permits are issued to all qualified applicants so long as they pay the necessary fees, take a firearms safety class as required by state law and don’t have a criminal record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco sits on the opposite end of the spectrum.\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfsheriff.com/sites/default/files/2021-05/SFSD%2001-15%20CCW.pdf\"> According to county sheriff guidelines\u003c/a>, an applicant living in the city must “supply convincing evidence” that they are at “significant risk of danger” that local law enforcement “cannot adequately address” and “cannot reasonably be avoided by alternative measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s ruling doesn’t immediately invalidate restrictive concealed carry policies like those in San Francisco. But it does make legal challenges against California’s entire discretionary system much more likely to succeed. In 2017, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/26/us/politics/supreme-court-guns-public-california.html\">declined to hear a challenge to California’s concealed carry law\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s ruling could have much more sweeping implications that touch on all areas of California gun laws – from the state’s ban on assault-style weapons and high-capacity magazines to its restrictions on “ghost guns.” That’s because the new ruling sets a higher bar for any firearm restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To justify its regulation, the government may not simply posit that the regulation promotes an important interest,” Thomas wrote. “Rather, the government must demonstrate that the regulation is consistent with this Nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Michel, president of the California Rifle & Pistol Association (the state’s National Rifle Association chapter), told CalMatters on Thursday that he plans to file a host of new legal briefs in existing court challenges against the state’s assault weapon ban, its background check requirements, its large capacity magazine ban and against Los Angeles County’s concealed carry restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said today’s ruling is “going to simplify the whole process of judging whether or not a gun law is constitutional” and that the State of California will now have a harder time arguing that its strict rules are legal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At the same time the nation’s highest court expands the scope of the Second Amendment, Congress is on the verge of adding a few modest extra guardrails. In response to the mass shooting at an elementary school in Uvalde, Texas, in which a gunman killed 19 children and two teachers with a semi-automatic rifle, the U.S. Senate passed a\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/21/1106466279/senators-reach-final-bipartisan-agreement-on-a-gun-safety-bill\"> bipartisan gun bill\u003c/a> on Wednesday over the objections of the National Rifle Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If passed by the House of Representatives and signed by President Joe Biden, as is expected, the measure would ratchet up some background checks for younger would-be gun buyers. It would also provide funding to states interested in introducing “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/06/california-gun-laws-biden/\">red-flag laws\u003c/a>,” which make it easier for authorities to temporarily remove firearms from those deemed to be a threat to themselves or others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic lawmakers in California are also considering their own raft of new gun bills. That includes legislation that would open gun vendors and manufacturers to an array of lawsuits for\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2021/12/texas-abortion-ban-newsom-assault-weapons/\"> violating state gun rules\u003c/a> or\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2022/05/california-gun-control-bill/\"> marketing guns and ammunition to minors\u003c/a> or others who aren’t allowed to own them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The right to an abortion and to use or refuse contraceptives would be enshrined in the California constitution under an amendment announced Wednesday by Democratic legislative leaders who are seeking to blunt a possible U.S. Supreme Court decision overturning federal abortion protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers are moving quickly to place the amendment on the November ballot, which likely would boost turnout from both sides of the abortion debate. The announcement of the amendment came a day after a California primary election that saw abysmal turnout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four conservative states — Alabama, Louisiana, Tennessee and West Virginia — have amended their constitutions to declare abortion is not a protected right. Meanwhile, over a dozen states have at least some abortion protections codified in law, including California, where lawmakers want to extend rights even further into pregnancy, and add rights around contraceptives as well.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jodi Hicks, president and CEO, Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California\"]'No judge, or politician, should be able to rob people of their power to control their own bodies, their own lives, their own futures.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters in Vermont will consider an amendment in November that would protect \"personal reproductive autonomy,\" but it does not include the word \"abortion\" and allows for an exception \"justified by a compelling State interest achieved by the least restrictive means.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's proposal goes a step beyond with the language on contraceptives. Some believe that if the high court overturns federal abortion protections, conservative groups will push for a ban on contraceptives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Too many times, history has shown us that human rights must be enshrined in the constitution so that no one can infringe upon them,\" said Sen. Toni Atkins, a Democrat and president pro tempore of the California Senate. \"This is one such historic moment, and it must be met with a historic response.\"[aside postID=\"news_11914440,news_11914690,news_11913295\" label=\"Related Posts\"]California's Supreme Court ruled in 1969 that the state constitution protects abortion, but the new proposal from Democrats would actually add an amendment to specifically list the procedure as a right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1972, California voters added a right to privacy to the constitution. One year later, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Roe v. Wade that the U.S. Constitution's implied right to privacy protects a woman's right to choose an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Keller, president of the California Family Council, which opposes abortion, said the proposed amendment would be \"redundant\" because of the California court's previous rulings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it just shows how this is a fixation for the Democrats in Sacramento that crowds out a lot of focus on other issues that are really concerning,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court is considering a case from Mississippi over that state's ban on most abortions after 15 weeks of pregnancy. California's Democratic leaders and abortion-rights activists were alarmed last month by the leak of a draft court opinion that declared abortion has no \"sound basis in precedent.\" That opinion could change when the court issues a final ruling later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Recent events have shown us that we must take every measure imaginable to ensure the right to abortion remains possible in California,\" said Jodi Hicks, president and CEO of Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California. \"No judge, or politician, should be able to rob people of their power to control their own bodies, their own lives, their own futures.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The constitutional amendment is among 13 proposed laws California Democrats have put forward this year designed to make California a sanctuary for pregnant people who live in states where abortion could soon be outlawed or severely restricted if the high court strikes down Roe. All the proposals have passed at least one legislative chamber, putting them on track to be signed into law later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amendment requires two-thirds approval in the Senate and Assembly, a threshold that should be easy for Democrats to meet because they control both by wide margins. Lawmakers have to act quickly, however, because the deadline to put the issue on the fall ballot is June 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>California's Supreme Court ruled in 1969 that the state constitution protects abortion, but the new proposal from Democrats would actually add an amendment to specifically list the procedure as a right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1972, California voters added a right to privacy to the constitution. One year later, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Roe v. Wade that the U.S. Constitution's implied right to privacy protects a woman's right to choose an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Keller, president of the California Family Council, which opposes abortion, said the proposed amendment would be \"redundant\" because of the California court's previous rulings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it just shows how this is a fixation for the Democrats in Sacramento that crowds out a lot of focus on other issues that are really concerning,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court is considering a case from Mississippi over that state's ban on most abortions after 15 weeks of pregnancy. California's Democratic leaders and abortion-rights activists were alarmed last month by the leak of a draft court opinion that declared abortion has no \"sound basis in precedent.\" That opinion could change when the court issues a final ruling later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Recent events have shown us that we must take every measure imaginable to ensure the right to abortion remains possible in California,\" said Jodi Hicks, president and CEO of Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California. \"No judge, or politician, should be able to rob people of their power to control their own bodies, their own lives, their own futures.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The constitutional amendment is among 13 proposed laws California Democrats have put forward this year designed to make California a sanctuary for pregnant people who live in states where abortion could soon be outlawed or severely restricted if the high court strikes down Roe. All the proposals have passed at least one legislative chamber, putting them on track to be signed into law later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amendment requires two-thirds approval in the Senate and Assembly, a threshold that should be easy for Democrats to meet because they control both by wide margins. Lawmakers have to act quickly, however, because the deadline to put the issue on the fall ballot is June 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"science-friday": {
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