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"content": "\u003cp>Just when it seemed like a little normalcy might be returning to the lives of beleaguered California families at long last, the deep-seated angst and confusion that comes with parenting amid a pandemic has returned.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Janelle Scott, an Oakland mother\"]‘The excruciating parental calculations of what is safe during this surge for teenagers who want and need to be with friends are exhausting.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"4\">As the highly contagious omicron variant sweeps through the state and a new wave of schools shuts down due to outbreaks and staff shortages, many parents are feeling conflicted about sending their children back to school after winter break. The timing coincides with what may be the peak of the latest surge, as the infection count climbs and test kits and child-size masks are hard to come by, all of which puts more strain on frazzled parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"5\">“As a parent, I’m part of a community and an ecosystem where all of us are struggling right now,” said Janelle Scott, an Oakland mother of two children in their early teens. “Like a lot of parents, I can tell I’m nervous by how hard I’ve been clenching my jaw. The excruciating parental calculations of what is safe during this surge for teenagers who want and need to be with friends are exhausting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"6\">Some are most worried about schools shuttering again, fearful of remote learning, which led to emotional damage and learning loss for many families. Others, particularly those with children too young to be vaccinated, are keeping their children at home out of caution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"7\">“We are afraid of sending our son back to his preschool,” said Amie Zheng, a Menlo Park mother of two who is keeping her 3-year-old son at home for now. “We feel health is the most important thing in our family. Mainly because we have a 6-month-old baby at home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"8\">The piercing uncertainty of the situation leaves many parents confused about how to proceed and what is safest for their children. The constant risk assessment can be draining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"9\">“I would say we are worried about all of it,” said Qasim Ali, a father of two girls, ages 8 and 11, in Redwood City. “It’s a hard choice to make, but if I had to choose one thing I’m most worried about since both girls are thankfully vaccinated, I’d say we are most concerned about schools closing again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"10\">Many parents say they have been run ragged by navigating the ongoing volatility of the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"11\">“It’s so frustrating. It’s been two years of this,” said Katharine Fitzpatrick, a mother of three who lives in San Diego County. “You reach a point of fatigue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"12\">Down to her last at-home test kit, she is scrambling to find more and take all necessary precautions with her three small children, ages 6, 5 and 3. However, even though her 3-year-old is too young to be vaccinated, Fitzpatrick remains committed to in-person learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"13\">“I know we need to be vigilant,” she said, “but at this point, I’m more worried about school shutting down than about anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"14\">Some parents feel strongly that safety measures have not been rigorous enough at school. Some have even switched their children from public to private schools as a result. Others are hoping that enhanced safety protocols will become more widespread as the public health crisis drags on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"forum_2010101887375,forum_2010101887248,news_11900637\" label=\"Related Posts\"]“This is yet another example of how the pandemic exacerbated issues of inequity,” said Jessica Reid Sliwerski, an Oakland mother of one. “I don’t feel worried about sending my child to school because she goes to a private school where they’ve implemented weekly pool testing and have outdoor classrooms they’ve set up for kids. They figured out how to safely reopen when so many other kids were at home doing remote school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"16\">Sliwerski, a former teacher who now runs an educational nonprofit, is mindful of her privilege in this regard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"17\">“I feel insanely fortunate that I can afford private school,” she said, “and also very sad that what my child is receiving isn’t universally what all kids are getting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"18\">Meanwhile, some parents of vaccinated children are avoiding most indoor activities other than school, for which they are willing to make an exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"19\">“It can happen anywhere, so why should we stop kids from going to school?” said Gaurav Bharadwaj, a Fremont father of one. “The only thing to do is to take precautions, get the vaccine, wear a mask, wash hands and try to stay outdoors as much as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"20\">There are myriad trade-offs on the table. Staying at home might be best for a child’s physical health, for instance, keeping them safe from the virus, but it might also deepen the mental health crisis among youth. The\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2021/12/07/us-surgeon-general-issues-advisory-on-youth-mental-health-crisis-further-exposed-by-covid-19-pandemic.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-reader-unique-id=\"21\">surgeon general has called for urgent measures\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>to grapple with the\u003ca href=\"https://www.aap.org/en/advocacy/child-and-adolescent-healthy-mental-development/aap-aacap-cha-declaration-of-a-national-emergency-in-child-and-adolescent-mental-health/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-reader-unique-id=\"22\">\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>national emergency\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>in children’s mental health triggered by the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"23\">“They need school to socialize,” Bharadwaj said. “And I am afraid if they stop school I don’t know if they will open again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"24\">Learning loss is also a concern.\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://caaspp-elpac.cde.ca.gov/caaspp/DashViewReportSB?ps=true&lstTestYear=2021&lstTestType=B&lstGroup=1&lstSubGroup=1&lstSchoolType=A&lstGrade=13&lstCounty=00&lstDistrict=00000&lstSchool=0000000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-reader-unique-id=\"25\">Student test scores\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>have plummeted in the wake of COVID-triggered remote learning. To make matters worse, the data shows that existing\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/standardized-test-scores-in-california-fell-during-year-in-distance-learning/665487\" data-reader-unique-id=\"26\">achievement gaps\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>between Black and Latino students and their white and Asian peers have gotten even wider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"27\">Many parents are concerned that children who fall behind now will struggle to catch up, shaping the course of their academic futures for the worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"28\">“I am a stay-at-home mom, but I can’t duplicate the academics or the social-emotional learning of being in the classroom,” Fitzpatrick said. “They really need that peer engagement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"29\">Children crave stability, as all parents know, and\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2787966\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-reader-unique-id=\"30\">recent Harvard research\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>shows that educational disruptions, a hallmark of the pandemic that includes school shutdowns and switching among in-person, hybrid and remote learning formats, negatively affect children’s social, emotional and behavioral well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"31\">Juggling the shifting uncertainties and weighing the risks is no mean feat for stressed-out parents, some of whom are reluctant to let go of in-person learning and return to Zoom school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"32\">“I’m so worn out. This has gone on for so long,” said Fitzpatrick, as her three children vie for her attention in the background. “Also, I can’t handle all the Zoom stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"33\">For others, the plan is to wait it out and hope for the best. Zheng, for one, intends to keep her little boy at home from preschool until the spike has passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"34\">“We will wait to see some numbers drop down,” she said. “Right now we are not comfortable when we are at the top of the pandemic wave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"35\">\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/stressed-out-parents-divided-over-going-back-to-school-amid-surge/666205\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story originally appeared in EdSource.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"35\">\u003ci>EdSource staffer Sunny Xie contributed to this report.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"4\">As the highly contagious omicron variant sweeps through the state and a new wave of schools shuts down due to outbreaks and staff shortages, many parents are feeling conflicted about sending their children back to school after winter break. The timing coincides with what may be the peak of the latest surge, as the infection count climbs and test kits and child-size masks are hard to come by, all of which puts more strain on frazzled parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"5\">“As a parent, I’m part of a community and an ecosystem where all of us are struggling right now,” said Janelle Scott, an Oakland mother of two children in their early teens. “Like a lot of parents, I can tell I’m nervous by how hard I’ve been clenching my jaw. The excruciating parental calculations of what is safe during this surge for teenagers who want and need to be with friends are exhausting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"6\">Some are most worried about schools shuttering again, fearful of remote learning, which led to emotional damage and learning loss for many families. Others, particularly those with children too young to be vaccinated, are keeping their children at home out of caution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"7\">“We are afraid of sending our son back to his preschool,” said Amie Zheng, a Menlo Park mother of two who is keeping her 3-year-old son at home for now. “We feel health is the most important thing in our family. Mainly because we have a 6-month-old baby at home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"8\">The piercing uncertainty of the situation leaves many parents confused about how to proceed and what is safest for their children. The constant risk assessment can be draining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"9\">“I would say we are worried about all of it,” said Qasim Ali, a father of two girls, ages 8 and 11, in Redwood City. “It’s a hard choice to make, but if I had to choose one thing I’m most worried about since both girls are thankfully vaccinated, I’d say we are most concerned about schools closing again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"10\">Many parents say they have been run ragged by navigating the ongoing volatility of the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"11\">“It’s so frustrating. It’s been two years of this,” said Katharine Fitzpatrick, a mother of three who lives in San Diego County. “You reach a point of fatigue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"12\">Down to her last at-home test kit, she is scrambling to find more and take all necessary precautions with her three small children, ages 6, 5 and 3. However, even though her 3-year-old is too young to be vaccinated, Fitzpatrick remains committed to in-person learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"13\">“I know we need to be vigilant,” she said, “but at this point, I’m more worried about school shutting down than about anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"14\">Some parents feel strongly that safety measures have not been rigorous enough at school. Some have even switched their children from public to private schools as a result. Others are hoping that enhanced safety protocols will become more widespread as the public health crisis drags on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“This is yet another example of how the pandemic exacerbated issues of inequity,” said Jessica Reid Sliwerski, an Oakland mother of one. “I don’t feel worried about sending my child to school because she goes to a private school where they’ve implemented weekly pool testing and have outdoor classrooms they’ve set up for kids. They figured out how to safely reopen when so many other kids were at home doing remote school.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"16\">Sliwerski, a former teacher who now runs an educational nonprofit, is mindful of her privilege in this regard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"17\">“I feel insanely fortunate that I can afford private school,” she said, “and also very sad that what my child is receiving isn’t universally what all kids are getting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"18\">Meanwhile, some parents of vaccinated children are avoiding most indoor activities other than school, for which they are willing to make an exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"19\">“It can happen anywhere, so why should we stop kids from going to school?” said Gaurav Bharadwaj, a Fremont father of one. “The only thing to do is to take precautions, get the vaccine, wear a mask, wash hands and try to stay outdoors as much as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"20\">There are myriad trade-offs on the table. Staying at home might be best for a child’s physical health, for instance, keeping them safe from the virus, but it might also deepen the mental health crisis among youth. The\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2021/12/07/us-surgeon-general-issues-advisory-on-youth-mental-health-crisis-further-exposed-by-covid-19-pandemic.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-reader-unique-id=\"21\">surgeon general has called for urgent measures\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>to grapple with the\u003ca href=\"https://www.aap.org/en/advocacy/child-and-adolescent-healthy-mental-development/aap-aacap-cha-declaration-of-a-national-emergency-in-child-and-adolescent-mental-health/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-reader-unique-id=\"22\">\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>national emergency\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>in children’s mental health triggered by the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"23\">“They need school to socialize,” Bharadwaj said. “And I am afraid if they stop school I don’t know if they will open again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"24\">Learning loss is also a concern.\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://caaspp-elpac.cde.ca.gov/caaspp/DashViewReportSB?ps=true&lstTestYear=2021&lstTestType=B&lstGroup=1&lstSubGroup=1&lstSchoolType=A&lstGrade=13&lstCounty=00&lstDistrict=00000&lstSchool=0000000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-reader-unique-id=\"25\">Student test scores\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>have plummeted in the wake of COVID-triggered remote learning. To make matters worse, the data shows that existing\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/standardized-test-scores-in-california-fell-during-year-in-distance-learning/665487\" data-reader-unique-id=\"26\">achievement gaps\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>between Black and Latino students and their white and Asian peers have gotten even wider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"27\">Many parents are concerned that children who fall behind now will struggle to catch up, shaping the course of their academic futures for the worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"28\">“I am a stay-at-home mom, but I can’t duplicate the academics or the social-emotional learning of being in the classroom,” Fitzpatrick said. “They really need that peer engagement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"29\">Children crave stability, as all parents know, and\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2787966\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-reader-unique-id=\"30\">recent Harvard research\u003c/a>\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>shows that educational disruptions, a hallmark of the pandemic that includes school shutdowns and switching among in-person, hybrid and remote learning formats, negatively affect children’s social, emotional and behavioral well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"31\">Juggling the shifting uncertainties and weighing the risks is no mean feat for stressed-out parents, some of whom are reluctant to let go of in-person learning and return to Zoom school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"32\">“I’m so worn out. This has gone on for so long,” said Fitzpatrick, as her three children vie for her attention in the background. “Also, I can’t handle all the Zoom stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"33\">For others, the plan is to wait it out and hope for the best. Zheng, for one, intends to keep her little boy at home from preschool until the spike has passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"34\">“We will wait to see some numbers drop down,” she said. “Right now we are not comfortable when we are at the top of the pandemic wave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"35\">\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/stressed-out-parents-divided-over-going-back-to-school-amid-surge/666205\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story originally appeared in EdSource.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"35\">\u003ci>EdSource staffer Sunny Xie contributed to this report.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "As COVID Surges, Rapid Results Can Cost a Couple Hundred Dollars",
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"headTitle": "As COVID Surges, Rapid Results Can Cost a Couple Hundred Dollars | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Rebecca Santucci of Lakewood learned that her sister, Stacy, may have been exposed to COVID-19, she set out to look for a rapid test. She needed to know quickly whether their 88-year-old father was at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmacies had been wiped out of home test kits, and testing clinics were booked solid for at least two weeks. On Amazon, she found a set of two at-home tests for $38, but they wouldn’t arrive until the following month. And anything that required waiting hours in line wouldn’t work for her sister, who has Down syndrome and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually she found a slot for a rapid antigen test at a private drive-thru clinic on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lakewoodcity.org/Government/COVID-19-Updates/COVID-19-Test-Sites\">city of Lakewood’s website\u003c/a>. But the appointment was five days after Stacy learned of her potential exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The price tag for the test: $129.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We ended up paying the money but it killed me to do it,” Rebecca said. Stacy tested negative, so at least they finally got some peace of mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the explosion of the highly transmissible omicron variant, more Californians find themselves seeking tests wherever they can find them. State and local testing sites offer free COVID-19 tests, but they are swamped, forcing people to seek private pop-up clinics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quick results often come with hefty upfront costs: Some clinics charge nearly $300 for a rapid PCR test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although state and federal regulations require COVID tests to be free or covered by health insurance, people often have to pay upfront, and the amount is unaffordable for many Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who can’t afford to pay will often have to wait hours in line at local and state free testing sites, and then sometimes wait days for the lab results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a requirement that testing be free, but there is no requirement of how fast those test results need to be returned,” said Shira Shafir, a UCLA professor of epidemiology. “With this omicron surge, some people are again waiting four to five days for those lab results and at that point those results are essentially useless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding to the demand for quick results is that certain places demand proof of testing within a time frame of 24 to 72 hours. People need them \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Order-of-the-State-Public-Health-Officer-Requirements-for-Visitors-in-Acute-Health-Care-and-Long-Term-Care-Settings.aspx\">to visit nursing and senior homes\u003c/a>, return to day care programs or board flights to Hawaii or overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pop-up sites at California’s international airports charge upfront. At San Francisco International Airport, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gohealthuc.com/dte/dignity/san-francisco-international-airport-covid-19-testing\">a rapid test is $275\u003c/a>. At \u003ca href=\"https://www.flylax.com/travelsafely\">Los Angeles International Airport\u003c/a>, a rapid PCR test with results in one hour costs $199. According to one LAX provider, \u003ca href=\"https://claritymv.com/faq/#1543992442921-43f43563-e92b\">Clarity Mobile Venture\u003c/a>, debit or credit card payments are required, although a receipt is provided for insurance reimbursement. At San Diego International Airport, \u003ca href=\"https://carbonhealth.com/locations/covid-19-travel-clearance-san-diego-airport\">the cost is $135 to $165\u003c/a>, and at Long Beach Airport, a test with \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandairport.com/hawaii-passengers-testing/\">1.5-hour results costs $250\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the \u003ca href=\"https://www.covidclinic.org/lakewood-ca/\">Lakewood clinic\u003c/a> where Santucci went, costs range from $129 for a rapid antigen test with one-hour results to $299 for a PCR test with two-hour results. The clinic also advertises a free standard PCR test with results in two or more days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With rapid tests, what people may be paying for is the guarantee of quick results,” said Shafir. “The test site is not always pitching it that way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PCR and antigen tests are both used to diagnose COVID-19; antigen tests can yield faster results but PCR tests are more sensitive to detecting the virus so they are considered more accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health experts say getting results quickly is vital to protecting people and avoiding long quarantines, but rapid tests have \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2021/09/covid-california-tests/\">long been in short supply\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-save-your-receipts\">Save your receipts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Californians have an array of places where they can be tested: a hodgepodge of pharmacies, community clinics, government mass-testing sites and private pop-up sites. Many of these are free, but they are booked for weeks. Some pop-up testing sites charge upfront, creating confusion as to why, since testing is supposed to be free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At most pharmacies and doctor’s offices, providers do not charge people directly. Instead, they collect insurance information so they can be paid. But some private testing clinics charge individuals, who are then responsible for seeking reimbursement from an insurer. Claims can be filed online or sent to the insurer by mail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not always a guarantee that they’ll get their money back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stacy Santucci is covered by Medicare, which covers people with disabilities. Rebecca said she did not receive a receipt after her sister’s test, but she had an email confirmation from the testing provider, Covid Clinic. When Rebecca called her sister’s Medicare plan, she was advised to print the email and send it in by snail mail, but there was no assurance she’d be reimbursed because the printed email might not suffice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/16thkid/status/1479580275688411139\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts recommend checking receipts for extra service charges, such as a fee for expedited results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charging an extra fee for rapid results is deceptive, said state Sen. Richard Pan, a Democrat from Sacramento, who last year authored a bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB510\">SB 510\u003c/a>, that clarified rules around free testing. The law, which went into effect Jan. 1, codifies federal rules into state law, requiring insurance companies to cover testing without any cost sharing such as copays or deductibles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pan said his office is looking into cases of providers who are tacking on extra charges to a test — they’ll provide a procedure code for the test itself that patients can then submit to their insurer for repayment, but they won’t provide a reimbursement code for the mysterious extra charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trying to splice the bill in a way that continues to have a cost to the patient is certainly not in the spirit of the law,” Pan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law also doesn’t address the issue of having to pay upfront. The challenge is that new test sites don’t usually have existing relationships with insurers, so instead they charge the individual, Pan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They [testing clinics] just want to get paid. To them it doesn’t matter where that payment comes from,” Shafir said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2021/09/covid-california-tests/\">pattern throughout the pandemic\u003c/a> that those with fewer resources are less likely to access testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upfront costs and long lines can deter people from getting tested and worsen health disparities, experts say. People without insurance don’t have the option to seek reimbursement. And testing requires free time or a flexible job, and sometimes the physical ability to stand in line or car ownership.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-state-is-reviewing-complaints\">State is reviewing complaints\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health told CalMatters in an unsigned email that it is aware of complaints regarding pop-up sites, including concerns around business practices related to pricing, but also around the validity of tests and sample handling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health department urges residents to look on its website for \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/get-tested/#how-to-get-tested\">verified testing sites\u003c/a> where there are no out-of-pocket costs, regardless of insurance situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11901831\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11901831\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07.jpeg\" alt=\"Person receives curbside COVID nasal swab testing in downtown Oakland\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1021\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07-800x532.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07-1020x678.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07-160x106.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eddie Daniels administers a rapid COVID-19 test at Greater St. Paul Church in downtown Oakland on Jan. 4, 2022. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In recent press conferences, Gov. Gavin Newsom has touted the more than 6,200 verified testing locations in the state. About 90% of Californians are within a 30-minute drive of a verified testing site, according to the state health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While that’s impressive, we recognize it’s not good enough, nor is the fact that there are lines appearing at sites like this all across the state,” Newsom said from a testing location in Paramount on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, Newsom has tapped the National Guard to help administer testing and introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/01/covid-testing-california-budget/\">$2.7 billion COVID relief package\u003c/a> that includes dollars to increase capacity, staffing and hours at testing sites, as well as expand the number of COVID-19 antigen tests being sent to local health departments, community clinics and county offices of education and schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LACountyBOS/status/1481770317282349056\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing sites are likely to be in high demand for several more weeks, especially as at-home test kits are still hard to come by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those who can find at-home tests, a new state order will add some protections for what people pay. Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2022/01/08/governor-newsom-signs-executive-order-to-prevent-price-gouging-on-at-home-covid-tests/\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> to protect people from price gouging of at-home test kits. The order prohibits the sale of test kits at a price that is more than 10% of the price the seller was charging on Dec. 1. New sellers may not charge a price greater than 50% of what they paid for the test kit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting Saturday, a new federal rule will allow people who purchase at-home tests to get reimbursed from their insurer for up to eight at-home coronavirus tests per person per month. Again, the trick is finding those tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, U.S. residents can order free rapid at-home coronavirus tests online at \u003ca href=\"http://covidtests.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">COVIDtests.gov\u003c/a> beginning Wednesday. The tests will ship 7 to 12 days later, according to federal officials.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "For those who can't wait in line for free tests, some clinics offer results for more than $100 for a PCR test. Faster results can cost a couple hundred more. ",
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"title": "As COVID Surges, Rapid Results Can Cost a Couple Hundred Dollars | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Rebecca Santucci of Lakewood learned that her sister, Stacy, may have been exposed to COVID-19, she set out to look for a rapid test. She needed to know quickly whether their 88-year-old father was at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmacies had been wiped out of home test kits, and testing clinics were booked solid for at least two weeks. On Amazon, she found a set of two at-home tests for $38, but they wouldn’t arrive until the following month. And anything that required waiting hours in line wouldn’t work for her sister, who has Down syndrome and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually she found a slot for a rapid antigen test at a private drive-thru clinic on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lakewoodcity.org/Government/COVID-19-Updates/COVID-19-Test-Sites\">city of Lakewood’s website\u003c/a>. But the appointment was five days after Stacy learned of her potential exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The price tag for the test: $129.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We ended up paying the money but it killed me to do it,” Rebecca said. Stacy tested negative, so at least they finally got some peace of mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the explosion of the highly transmissible omicron variant, more Californians find themselves seeking tests wherever they can find them. State and local testing sites offer free COVID-19 tests, but they are swamped, forcing people to seek private pop-up clinics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quick results often come with hefty upfront costs: Some clinics charge nearly $300 for a rapid PCR test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although state and federal regulations require COVID tests to be free or covered by health insurance, people often have to pay upfront, and the amount is unaffordable for many Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who can’t afford to pay will often have to wait hours in line at local and state free testing sites, and then sometimes wait days for the lab results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a requirement that testing be free, but there is no requirement of how fast those test results need to be returned,” said Shira Shafir, a UCLA professor of epidemiology. “With this omicron surge, some people are again waiting four to five days for those lab results and at that point those results are essentially useless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding to the demand for quick results is that certain places demand proof of testing within a time frame of 24 to 72 hours. People need them \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Order-of-the-State-Public-Health-Officer-Requirements-for-Visitors-in-Acute-Health-Care-and-Long-Term-Care-Settings.aspx\">to visit nursing and senior homes\u003c/a>, return to day care programs or board flights to Hawaii or overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pop-up sites at California’s international airports charge upfront. At San Francisco International Airport, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gohealthuc.com/dte/dignity/san-francisco-international-airport-covid-19-testing\">a rapid test is $275\u003c/a>. At \u003ca href=\"https://www.flylax.com/travelsafely\">Los Angeles International Airport\u003c/a>, a rapid PCR test with results in one hour costs $199. According to one LAX provider, \u003ca href=\"https://claritymv.com/faq/#1543992442921-43f43563-e92b\">Clarity Mobile Venture\u003c/a>, debit or credit card payments are required, although a receipt is provided for insurance reimbursement. At San Diego International Airport, \u003ca href=\"https://carbonhealth.com/locations/covid-19-travel-clearance-san-diego-airport\">the cost is $135 to $165\u003c/a>, and at Long Beach Airport, a test with \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandairport.com/hawaii-passengers-testing/\">1.5-hour results costs $250\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the \u003ca href=\"https://www.covidclinic.org/lakewood-ca/\">Lakewood clinic\u003c/a> where Santucci went, costs range from $129 for a rapid antigen test with one-hour results to $299 for a PCR test with two-hour results. The clinic also advertises a free standard PCR test with results in two or more days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With rapid tests, what people may be paying for is the guarantee of quick results,” said Shafir. “The test site is not always pitching it that way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PCR and antigen tests are both used to diagnose COVID-19; antigen tests can yield faster results but PCR tests are more sensitive to detecting the virus so they are considered more accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health experts say getting results quickly is vital to protecting people and avoiding long quarantines, but rapid tests have \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2021/09/covid-california-tests/\">long been in short supply\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-save-your-receipts\">Save your receipts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Californians have an array of places where they can be tested: a hodgepodge of pharmacies, community clinics, government mass-testing sites and private pop-up sites. Many of these are free, but they are booked for weeks. Some pop-up testing sites charge upfront, creating confusion as to why, since testing is supposed to be free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At most pharmacies and doctor’s offices, providers do not charge people directly. Instead, they collect insurance information so they can be paid. But some private testing clinics charge individuals, who are then responsible for seeking reimbursement from an insurer. Claims can be filed online or sent to the insurer by mail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not always a guarantee that they’ll get their money back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stacy Santucci is covered by Medicare, which covers people with disabilities. Rebecca said she did not receive a receipt after her sister’s test, but she had an email confirmation from the testing provider, Covid Clinic. When Rebecca called her sister’s Medicare plan, she was advised to print the email and send it in by snail mail, but there was no assurance she’d be reimbursed because the printed email might not suffice.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Experts recommend checking receipts for extra service charges, such as a fee for expedited results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charging an extra fee for rapid results is deceptive, said state Sen. Richard Pan, a Democrat from Sacramento, who last year authored a bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB510\">SB 510\u003c/a>, that clarified rules around free testing. The law, which went into effect Jan. 1, codifies federal rules into state law, requiring insurance companies to cover testing without any cost sharing such as copays or deductibles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pan said his office is looking into cases of providers who are tacking on extra charges to a test — they’ll provide a procedure code for the test itself that patients can then submit to their insurer for repayment, but they won’t provide a reimbursement code for the mysterious extra charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trying to splice the bill in a way that continues to have a cost to the patient is certainly not in the spirit of the law,” Pan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law also doesn’t address the issue of having to pay upfront. The challenge is that new test sites don’t usually have existing relationships with insurers, so instead they charge the individual, Pan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They [testing clinics] just want to get paid. To them it doesn’t matter where that payment comes from,” Shafir said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2021/09/covid-california-tests/\">pattern throughout the pandemic\u003c/a> that those with fewer resources are less likely to access testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upfront costs and long lines can deter people from getting tested and worsen health disparities, experts say. People without insurance don’t have the option to seek reimbursement. And testing requires free time or a flexible job, and sometimes the physical ability to stand in line or car ownership.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-state-is-reviewing-complaints\">State is reviewing complaints\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health told CalMatters in an unsigned email that it is aware of complaints regarding pop-up sites, including concerns around business practices related to pricing, but also around the validity of tests and sample handling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health department urges residents to look on its website for \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/get-tested/#how-to-get-tested\">verified testing sites\u003c/a> where there are no out-of-pocket costs, regardless of insurance situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11901831\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11901831\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07.jpeg\" alt=\"Person receives curbside COVID nasal swab testing in downtown Oakland\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1021\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07-800x532.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07-1020x678.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/01042022-Oakland-Omicron-MHN-CM-07-160x106.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eddie Daniels administers a rapid COVID-19 test at Greater St. Paul Church in downtown Oakland on Jan. 4, 2022. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In recent press conferences, Gov. Gavin Newsom has touted the more than 6,200 verified testing locations in the state. About 90% of Californians are within a 30-minute drive of a verified testing site, according to the state health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While that’s impressive, we recognize it’s not good enough, nor is the fact that there are lines appearing at sites like this all across the state,” Newsom said from a testing location in Paramount on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, Newsom has tapped the National Guard to help administer testing and introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/01/covid-testing-california-budget/\">$2.7 billion COVID relief package\u003c/a> that includes dollars to increase capacity, staffing and hours at testing sites, as well as expand the number of COVID-19 antigen tests being sent to local health departments, community clinics and county offices of education and schools.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Testing sites are likely to be in high demand for several more weeks, especially as at-home test kits are still hard to come by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those who can find at-home tests, a new state order will add some protections for what people pay. Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2022/01/08/governor-newsom-signs-executive-order-to-prevent-price-gouging-on-at-home-covid-tests/\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> to protect people from price gouging of at-home test kits. The order prohibits the sale of test kits at a price that is more than 10% of the price the seller was charging on Dec. 1. New sellers may not charge a price greater than 50% of what they paid for the test kit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting Saturday, a new federal rule will allow people who purchase at-home tests to get reimbursed from their insurer for up to eight at-home coronavirus tests per person per month. Again, the trick is finding those tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, U.S. residents can order free rapid at-home coronavirus tests online at \u003ca href=\"http://covidtests.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">COVIDtests.gov\u003c/a> beginning Wednesday. The tests will ship 7 to 12 days later, according to federal officials.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As the omicron surge continues, emergency rooms across Bay Area hospitals are strained with an influx of COVID patients and staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have this new twist that we haven’t seen previously with a lot of health care workers who are out sick,” said Dr. Bob Wachter, chair of the Department of Medicine at UC San Francisco, on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11901328/governor-newsom-proposes-expanded-healthcare-coverage-for-californians\">The California Report\u003c/a> this week. “So at UCSF today [Tuesday], we’ve got about 70 COVID patients. It’s not our peak, but it’s a lot. But probably just as importantly, we have hundreds of doctors and nurses who are out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now almost two years into the pandemic, many health care workers are tired. In some cases, they’re dealing with long days as colleagues call in sick. Just in San Francisco, case rates reached record highs, with over 1,200 people a day on average testing positive, according to Dr. Grant Colfax, the city’s public health director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From access to testing, to frontline staffing to first responders and hospital staff being out due to infections or exposures, to higher numbers of people in the hospital, we are in the middle of the worst of this omicron surge,” he said during a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0YzAwkqk92c\">news conference\u003c/a> Tuesday. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Justin Phillips, UCSF respiratory therapist\"]‘The biggest thing that I’ve tried to uphold through the beginning of this and even outside of COVID when it comes to other health care issues is that I try to respect and believe in the science that highly educated people have provided us.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So to get a better sense of what’s happening inside hospitals, KQED’s Brian Watt spoke with Justin Phillips, a respiratory therapist with UCSF at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Watt: What is it like to care for so many COVID patients at today’s pace?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Justin Phillips\u003c/strong>: As someone who’s been in health care for quite some time, I think it is quite upsetting because I see people on the spectrum of sickness, from less sick to super sick. You are provided the unique opportunity to talk to people who are very sick, who have lots of worries. And then on the other spectrum, you see the people that are so sick — they’re sedated with drugs and on breathing machines — that they can’t talk to you and you essentially see someone who’s laying there helpless and you’re trying to provide support while answering a lot of unanswered questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are you ever in a situation where you’re discussing whether they got vaccinated? How they may have felt about getting vaccinated?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think because of my unique position as someone who’s part of the ICU health care team and being right there, taking care of some of these patients, you are present for some of these uncomfortable conversations or you might overhear a conversation that has to do with vaccination status. And you know, the reality of it is, while you do want to respect people’s wishes, you do need to be upfront and let them know this is why they’re here, that you’ve contracted COVID and we’re here to take the best care of you possible.[aside postID=\"news_11901239,news_11900736,news_11900014\" label=\"Related Posts\"]\u003cstrong>What do the staffing shortages that we keep hearing about look like inside where you work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we go through ebbs and flows of waves and the days get longer for staff members because of staffing shortages, I think it just takes a hit on the morale, really, as people end up getting sick or have high-risk exposure and need to be out of work for long periods of times. Or they need the mental space to be off of work. What it does for the remaining staff members at the bedside, the days get longer. The work seemingly gets harder and we are kind of left in the position where we just have to push on to continue to provide care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are you talking about in terms of days getting longer? What’s the longest day you’ve worked and how normal is that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have had 16- to 18-hour days. A normal day for us is 12 hours, but I’ve been there for extended periods of time because I don’t want to leave my co-workers in a worse staffing position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What has been your secret if you haven’t gotten COVID yet? Do you feel like there’s something you really make sure to do and then clear your mind once you’re out of the space of just thinking about COVID?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think I have a secret recipe per se. The biggest thing that I’ve tried to uphold through the beginning of this and even outside of COVID when it comes to other health care issues is that I try to respect and believe in the science that highly educated people have provided us. So I’ve followed vaccine mandates and so forth, and as sad as it has been for some individuals during the past, I guess over two years now, I’ve tried to respect the social distancing and constant masking and really reduce my exposure to people outside of, like, my small circle that I trust. So that has meant smaller Christmases and no big gatherings for me for quite some time and reducing the types of travel — things that I love. But it was really all at the cost of making sure that I’m still healthy. I have a great opportunity of getting sick at work, as I’ve told many of my co-workers. It would be quite upsetting to … as soon as I walk out of the door and become very lax and get sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Your colleagues who do get sick, who do get COVID, do you see them grappling with exactly when they should come back to work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think anyone who is sick or out waiting for testing necessarily wants to leave their colleagues in a situation where they’re stressing about how they can take care of all the patients in the COVID unit, all the patients in the non-COVID units. We have a great dynamic team of health care professionals who are committed to the job that they love to do. So I think most of these individuals are ready to go back to work. They want to go back to work. They want to help out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the omicron surge continues, emergency rooms across Bay Area hospitals are strained with an influx of COVID patients and staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have this new twist that we haven’t seen previously with a lot of health care workers who are out sick,” said Dr. Bob Wachter, chair of the Department of Medicine at UC San Francisco, on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11901328/governor-newsom-proposes-expanded-healthcare-coverage-for-californians\">The California Report\u003c/a> this week. “So at UCSF today [Tuesday], we’ve got about 70 COVID patients. It’s not our peak, but it’s a lot. But probably just as importantly, we have hundreds of doctors and nurses who are out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now almost two years into the pandemic, many health care workers are tired. In some cases, they’re dealing with long days as colleagues call in sick. Just in San Francisco, case rates reached record highs, with over 1,200 people a day on average testing positive, according to Dr. Grant Colfax, the city’s public health director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From access to testing, to frontline staffing to first responders and hospital staff being out due to infections or exposures, to higher numbers of people in the hospital, we are in the middle of the worst of this omicron surge,” he said during a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0YzAwkqk92c\">news conference\u003c/a> Tuesday. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So to get a better sense of what’s happening inside hospitals, KQED’s Brian Watt spoke with Justin Phillips, a respiratory therapist with UCSF at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Watt: What is it like to care for so many COVID patients at today’s pace?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Justin Phillips\u003c/strong>: As someone who’s been in health care for quite some time, I think it is quite upsetting because I see people on the spectrum of sickness, from less sick to super sick. You are provided the unique opportunity to talk to people who are very sick, who have lots of worries. And then on the other spectrum, you see the people that are so sick — they’re sedated with drugs and on breathing machines — that they can’t talk to you and you essentially see someone who’s laying there helpless and you’re trying to provide support while answering a lot of unanswered questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are you ever in a situation where you’re discussing whether they got vaccinated? How they may have felt about getting vaccinated?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think because of my unique position as someone who’s part of the ICU health care team and being right there, taking care of some of these patients, you are present for some of these uncomfortable conversations or you might overhear a conversation that has to do with vaccination status. And you know, the reality of it is, while you do want to respect people’s wishes, you do need to be upfront and let them know this is why they’re here, that you’ve contracted COVID and we’re here to take the best care of you possible.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do the staffing shortages that we keep hearing about look like inside where you work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we go through ebbs and flows of waves and the days get longer for staff members because of staffing shortages, I think it just takes a hit on the morale, really, as people end up getting sick or have high-risk exposure and need to be out of work for long periods of times. Or they need the mental space to be off of work. What it does for the remaining staff members at the bedside, the days get longer. The work seemingly gets harder and we are kind of left in the position where we just have to push on to continue to provide care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are you talking about in terms of days getting longer? What’s the longest day you’ve worked and how normal is that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have had 16- to 18-hour days. A normal day for us is 12 hours, but I’ve been there for extended periods of time because I don’t want to leave my co-workers in a worse staffing position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What has been your secret if you haven’t gotten COVID yet? Do you feel like there’s something you really make sure to do and then clear your mind once you’re out of the space of just thinking about COVID?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think I have a secret recipe per se. The biggest thing that I’ve tried to uphold through the beginning of this and even outside of COVID when it comes to other health care issues is that I try to respect and believe in the science that highly educated people have provided us. So I’ve followed vaccine mandates and so forth, and as sad as it has been for some individuals during the past, I guess over two years now, I’ve tried to respect the social distancing and constant masking and really reduce my exposure to people outside of, like, my small circle that I trust. So that has meant smaller Christmases and no big gatherings for me for quite some time and reducing the types of travel — things that I love. But it was really all at the cost of making sure that I’m still healthy. I have a great opportunity of getting sick at work, as I’ve told many of my co-workers. It would be quite upsetting to … as soon as I walk out of the door and become very lax and get sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Your colleagues who do get sick, who do get COVID, do you see them grappling with exactly when they should come back to work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think anyone who is sick or out waiting for testing necessarily wants to leave their colleagues in a situation where they’re stressing about how they can take care of all the patients in the COVID unit, all the patients in the non-COVID units. We have a great dynamic team of health care professionals who are committed to the job that they love to do. So I think most of these individuals are ready to go back to work. They want to go back to work. They want to help out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 2 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Democrats on Tuesday took their first step toward abolishing the private health insurance market in the nation’s most populous state and replacing it with a government-run plan that they promised would never deny anyone the care they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the proposal that cleared a legislative committee in the state Assembly is still a long way from becoming law. Assembly Bill 1400, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1400\">which would create a universal health care system called CalCare\u003c/a>, faces strong opposition from powerful business interests who say it would cost too much. And even if it does become law, voters would have to approve a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220ACA11\">major income tax increase\u003c/a> to pay for it — a vote that might not happen until 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Democrats hailed Tuesday’s vote for jump-starting one of their long-stalled policy goals and signaling they won’t back away from a fight even during an election year. In an hours-long hearing, some lawmakers and advocates assailed a health care industry they say has benefited corporate interests at the expense of consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ady Barkan, a 38-year-old father of two, was diagnosed with ALS six years ago and now is mostly paralyzed. He testified at Tuesday’s hearing with the help of a computerized voice that spoke as he typed using technology that followed the movement of his eyes. Barkan said he has battled his private insurance carrier to get treatment he needed, including suing them to get a ventilator that keeps him alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even good health insurance, which I have, does not cover the cost of the care I need to survive,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill that advanced on Tuesday would create the universal health care system — CalCare — and set its rules. It cleared the Assembly Health Committee on an 11-3 vote. Republicans voted no, arguing the bill would cost too much and pay doctors and nurses less, potentially worsening a shortage of health care workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Ash Kalra, a Democrat from San Jos\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">é\u003c/span> and the author of the CalCare proposal, said Tuesday it could be 2024 before the tax increase proposal to pay for CalCare made it to the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/01/health-care-taxes-california/\">analysis from CalMatters\u003c/a> breaks down the proposed tax increase:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A 2.3% excise tax on businesses after their first $2 million in income\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A 1.25% payroll tax on employers with 50-plus workers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An additional 1% payroll tax on wages for resident employees earning more than $49,900\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A progressive income tax starting at 0.5% for Californians earning more than $149,500, up to 2.5% for people making about $2.5 million annually (with rates being adjusted for inflation)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The California Taxpayers Association, which opposes the plan, estimates it would raise taxes by about $163 billion per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If government-run health care becomes law, millions of Californians will flee the state — either to avoid the $163 billion per year in new taxes or to escape the lengthy waits for care that will become the norm,” Assembly Republican Leader Marie Waldron said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even some Democrats who voted for the bill had sharp criticism for the proposal. Assemblymember Autumn Burke, a Democrat from Inglewood, said advancing the bill without a funding source made a mockery of the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This bill has been sold to my community that it is going to change things now and that it is free. And neither one of those things are true,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business groups, led by the California Chamber of Commerce, said the government-run health care system would be so expensive that the tax increase still wouldn’t be enough to pay for everything. In 2018, California’s total health care expenditures totaled $399.2 billion, accounting for 13.2% of the state’s gross domestic product, according to an analysis by the Healthy California for All Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Completely abolishing the current system in face of an unrelenting pandemic by annually taxing Californians hundreds of billions of dollars is not the solution,” said Preston Young, a policy advocate for the California Chamber of Commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalra, the San Jos\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">é\u003c/span> Democrat and author of the proposal, said he knew opponents would focus on how much the plan would cost. But he said that argument distracts from the fact that Californians are already paying “the highest health tax in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You may refer to it as premiums, deductibles, co-pays, denial of care,” Kalra said, saying none of those costs would exist under a universal health care system. “It’s clear as day they are being fleeced, and far too many understandably feel helpless about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s health care system is paid for by multiple entities: patients, insurance companies, employers and government. But a universal health care system would be paid for by a single entity — the government, or the “single payer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A single-payer system has been a staple of California progressive political rhetoric for decades. But it’s not been easy to accomplish in a state where most people pay for private health insurance through their jobs. In 1994, voters overwhelmingly rejected a ballot initiative that would have created a universal health care system. Another attempt passed the state Senate in 2017, but it never got a vote in the state Assembly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Questions about how to pay for a single-payer system have doomed previous plans. In 2011, Vermont enacted the nation’s first universal health care system in the country. But state officials abandoned it three years later because they said they couldn’t afford to pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11901253 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/021_SanFrancisco_NewsomRecallEvent_09142021-1020x680.jpg']Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2021/02/newsom-single-payer-health-care-dilemma/\">promised to do it when he ran for governor in 2018\u003c/a>, and voters elected him in a landslide. But in his first three years in office, Newsom has focused more on making sure everyone in California has health insurance. He has expanded Medi-Cal, the state’s health care program for lower-income Californians, to cover people 26 years old and younger and 50 years old and older, regardless of their immigration status. On Monday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11901253/flush-with-cash-governor-newsom-wants-to-invest-in-pandemic-response-universal-health-access-fighting-inequality\">Newsom proposed extending Medi-Cal again, this time to all eligible Californians\u003c/a>, regardless of immigration status, older than 26 and younger than 50, at a potential cost of $2.7 billion per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also on Monday, Newsom reiterated his support for a universal health care system, but declined to say whether he supported the plan in the Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/01/california-health-insurance-newsom/\">because he said he had not read it\u003c/a>. Asked if he had “given up” on a universal health care system in California, Newsom pointed to a commission he founded that is examining such a system and how much it would cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said he’s working with President Joe Biden’s administration on the “flexibility” required for California to implement such a system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re governor, you’ve got to be in the ‘how’ business,” Newsom said. “I believe in a single-payer financing model. The ‘how’ at the state level is the question that needs to be answered thoughtfully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from Adam Beam of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Assembly on Tuesday took the first step toward establishing a universal health care system in the state, called CalCare. But it's a long way from becoming law.",
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"title": "Will California Create Nation's First Universal Health Care System? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 2 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Democrats on Tuesday took their first step toward abolishing the private health insurance market in the nation’s most populous state and replacing it with a government-run plan that they promised would never deny anyone the care they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the proposal that cleared a legislative committee in the state Assembly is still a long way from becoming law. Assembly Bill 1400, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1400\">which would create a universal health care system called CalCare\u003c/a>, faces strong opposition from powerful business interests who say it would cost too much. And even if it does become law, voters would have to approve a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220ACA11\">major income tax increase\u003c/a> to pay for it — a vote that might not happen until 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Democrats hailed Tuesday’s vote for jump-starting one of their long-stalled policy goals and signaling they won’t back away from a fight even during an election year. In an hours-long hearing, some lawmakers and advocates assailed a health care industry they say has benefited corporate interests at the expense of consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ady Barkan, a 38-year-old father of two, was diagnosed with ALS six years ago and now is mostly paralyzed. He testified at Tuesday’s hearing with the help of a computerized voice that spoke as he typed using technology that followed the movement of his eyes. Barkan said he has battled his private insurance carrier to get treatment he needed, including suing them to get a ventilator that keeps him alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even good health insurance, which I have, does not cover the cost of the care I need to survive,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill that advanced on Tuesday would create the universal health care system — CalCare — and set its rules. It cleared the Assembly Health Committee on an 11-3 vote. Republicans voted no, arguing the bill would cost too much and pay doctors and nurses less, potentially worsening a shortage of health care workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Ash Kalra, a Democrat from San Jos\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">é\u003c/span> and the author of the CalCare proposal, said Tuesday it could be 2024 before the tax increase proposal to pay for CalCare made it to the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/01/health-care-taxes-california/\">analysis from CalMatters\u003c/a> breaks down the proposed tax increase:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A 2.3% excise tax on businesses after their first $2 million in income\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A 1.25% payroll tax on employers with 50-plus workers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An additional 1% payroll tax on wages for resident employees earning more than $49,900\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A progressive income tax starting at 0.5% for Californians earning more than $149,500, up to 2.5% for people making about $2.5 million annually (with rates being adjusted for inflation)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The California Taxpayers Association, which opposes the plan, estimates it would raise taxes by about $163 billion per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If government-run health care becomes law, millions of Californians will flee the state — either to avoid the $163 billion per year in new taxes or to escape the lengthy waits for care that will become the norm,” Assembly Republican Leader Marie Waldron said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even some Democrats who voted for the bill had sharp criticism for the proposal. Assemblymember Autumn Burke, a Democrat from Inglewood, said advancing the bill without a funding source made a mockery of the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This bill has been sold to my community that it is going to change things now and that it is free. And neither one of those things are true,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business groups, led by the California Chamber of Commerce, said the government-run health care system would be so expensive that the tax increase still wouldn’t be enough to pay for everything. In 2018, California’s total health care expenditures totaled $399.2 billion, accounting for 13.2% of the state’s gross domestic product, according to an analysis by the Healthy California for All Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Completely abolishing the current system in face of an unrelenting pandemic by annually taxing Californians hundreds of billions of dollars is not the solution,” said Preston Young, a policy advocate for the California Chamber of Commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalra, the San Jos\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">é\u003c/span> Democrat and author of the proposal, said he knew opponents would focus on how much the plan would cost. But he said that argument distracts from the fact that Californians are already paying “the highest health tax in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You may refer to it as premiums, deductibles, co-pays, denial of care,” Kalra said, saying none of those costs would exist under a universal health care system. “It’s clear as day they are being fleeced, and far too many understandably feel helpless about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s health care system is paid for by multiple entities: patients, insurance companies, employers and government. But a universal health care system would be paid for by a single entity — the government, or the “single payer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A single-payer system has been a staple of California progressive political rhetoric for decades. But it’s not been easy to accomplish in a state where most people pay for private health insurance through their jobs. In 1994, voters overwhelmingly rejected a ballot initiative that would have created a universal health care system. Another attempt passed the state Senate in 2017, but it never got a vote in the state Assembly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Questions about how to pay for a single-payer system have doomed previous plans. In 2011, Vermont enacted the nation’s first universal health care system in the country. But state officials abandoned it three years later because they said they couldn’t afford to pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2021/02/newsom-single-payer-health-care-dilemma/\">promised to do it when he ran for governor in 2018\u003c/a>, and voters elected him in a landslide. But in his first three years in office, Newsom has focused more on making sure everyone in California has health insurance. He has expanded Medi-Cal, the state’s health care program for lower-income Californians, to cover people 26 years old and younger and 50 years old and older, regardless of their immigration status. On Monday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11901253/flush-with-cash-governor-newsom-wants-to-invest-in-pandemic-response-universal-health-access-fighting-inequality\">Newsom proposed extending Medi-Cal again, this time to all eligible Californians\u003c/a>, regardless of immigration status, older than 26 and younger than 50, at a potential cost of $2.7 billion per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also on Monday, Newsom reiterated his support for a universal health care system, but declined to say whether he supported the plan in the Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2022/01/california-health-insurance-newsom/\">because he said he had not read it\u003c/a>. Asked if he had “given up” on a universal health care system in California, Newsom pointed to a commission he founded that is examining such a system and how much it would cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said he’s working with President Joe Biden’s administration on the “flexibility” required for California to implement such a system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re governor, you’ve got to be in the ‘how’ business,” Newsom said. “I believe in a single-payer financing model. The ‘how’ at the state level is the question that needs to be answered thoughtfully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Fewer Than 40% of Californians Have Gotten a Booster in Most Counties — And It's Not About Availability",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hospitals are at capacity. COVID-19 infections are at record highs. Testing lines stretch for hours. Yet even as the omicron variant batters the state, only 38% of vaccinated Californians have gotten a booster shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with initial vaccinations, acceptance of the booster shot has varied throughout California: Counties in the far north and rural areas continue to see lower numbers, with as few as 23% of vaccinated people getting a booster in Mariposa, Colusa and Merced counties, according to a CalMatters analysis of \u003ca href=\"https://data.ca.gov/dataset/covid-19-vaccine-progress-dashboard-data\">state data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area boasts the highest rate, at 55%, although only three counties have more than half of their vaccinated populations boosted: San Francisco, Marin and San Mateo. In 19 California counties, fewer than a third of eligible residents are boosted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Imperial County — the border community that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2021/08/imperial-county-vaccination-rate/\">led the state in vaccination rates\u003c/a> last spring after it was hit hard by the virus — only a quarter of eligible residents have gotten a booster shot. The health officer there blames “pandemic fatigue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think there’s been some fatigue after nearly two years of this pandemic, not just in Imperial County, but everywhere,” said County Health Officer Dr. Stephen Munday. “People want to get back to their normal lives. They want to go to work, they want to take care of their families. It’s kind of like, well, gosh, I got my two doses, why do I have to get another one?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just in rural counties where a majority of people haven’t yet gotten the extra shot: Los Angeles, Kern, Santa Barbara and 28 other counties have lower booster rates than the 38% statewide average. Major population centers such as San Diego, San Bernardino and Riverside are lagging behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11890031 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/RS52992_GettyImages-1237563534-qut-1038x576.jpg']State and federal recommendations for booster shots have changed several times, making them difficult for the public to follow. Current guidance advises a booster for all adults, while children as young as 12 can only get an additional Pfizer shot. Immunocompromised children as young as 5 also are eligible for another Pfizer dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies show an additional dose can double protection against infection and is highly effective in preventing severe disease and hospitalization even against the omicron variant, said UCSF epidemiologist George Rutherford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Run, don’t walk, to go get your boosters,” Fresno County Health Officer Dr. Rais Vohra said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most older adults throughout the state have listened to the advice: Nearly 64% have been boosted. In Marin County, as many as 80% of those 65 and older have been boosted, and only four counties have boosted fewer than half of their older populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/8321358/embed#?secret=xq5ApaV3LC\" data-secret=\"xq5ApaV3LC\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" height=\"575\" width=\"800\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for younger Californians, getting an additional dose is far less common. Only 47% of those age 50-64 have been boosted. Forty-four counties have boosted fewer than half their populations in this age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The case spikes are being driven by the unvaccinated, which are 25 to 45 years old, largely,” Rutherford said. “That’s where we’re seeing the majority of cases, and that’s where the majority of unvaccinated or under-vaccinated people are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike early in the pandemic when vaccines were limited, the slow booster uptake has little to do with availability. “There’s a very robust supply,” said Imperial County Health Officer Munday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the state health department, California’s stockpile currently has \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/vaccination-progress-data/\">5.6 million available doses\u003c/a> — a 39-day supply. \u003ca href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/\">MyTurn\u003c/a>, the state’s vaccination portal, recently added booster appointments for children age 12-15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Omicron is here. We can’t abandon the tools that have allowed California to be one of the safest states throughout the pandemic. Those are vaccines and boosters,” Health and Human Services Secretary Dr. Mark Ghaly said during an update Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Total hospitalizations are approaching 51,000 people, a number just shy of the peak capacity reached during last winter’s surge. Approximately \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2020/04/california-coronavirus-covid-patient-hospitalization-data-icu/\">8,000 of those patients represent COVID-19 cases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To those who haven’t been vaccinated at all: Get your vaccine as quickly as you can. And those who have been vaccinated but haven’t been boosted, please consider getting boosted,” Ghaly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11900736 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Screen-Shot-2022-01-07-at-12.57.01-PM-1020x777.png']In Fresno, where COVID-19 has prompted deployment of the National Guard, many health care workers are unable to work due to COVID-19 exposure or infection, further straining their hospital system, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a third of eligible residents in Fresno County are currently boosted, according to state data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The boosted vaccination population is fending off the omicron infections really quickly,” Vohra said. “For the unvaccinated folks, they basically are the ones who are super vulnerable, and those are the ones we’re worried about because they’re the ones that land in the hospitals and ICU.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North of Fresno, officials in sparsely populated Mariposa County are relying heavily on the state’s MyTurn portal to distribute booster shots. Fewer than a quarter of eligible residents have been boosted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County Health Officer Dr. Eric Sergienko said mass vaccination clinics have subsided due to decreased demand, fewer resources and privacy concerns in their small community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rather than doing clinics with hundreds, we have clinics through MyTurn that are booked out with 30 to 100 people at our scheduled clinics on Tuesdays and Thursday,” Sergienko said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cases and hospitalizations in Mariposa County have trended younger with a majority of cases occurring among those age 20-40 and a majority of hospitalizations among unvaccinated people age 40-55, department spokesperson Lizz Darcy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statewide surge in infections and hospitalizations is expected to peak during the third week of January, experts say. Hospitalizations remain substantially \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2020/04/california-coronavirus-covid-patient-hospitalization-data-icu/\">below pre-vaccine levels.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community organizations and health centers, which have been at the forefront of vaccine education and distribution, say interest in the booster has increased during this current surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems our community is much more receptive to receiving the booster than they were originally to get the first dose,” said Bryant Macias, emergency relief supervisor at the United Farm Workers Foundation, which has advocated for priority doses for farmworkers and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2021/03/california-farmworkers-vaccine-obstacles/\">helped organize clinics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The main challenges we have identified are individuals not knowing how long they need to wait before getting the booster shot, whether or not they can get a booster that is different from their initial vaccine, and some folks only wanting the booster if it’s the same kind as their initial dose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In agricultural counties, like those in the Central Valley, workplace vaccine clinics played an important role in increasing access last spring. Those events for boosters may not be as visible yet because it’s the off season for many crops. But they’re in the plans, said Irene de Barraicua, director of operations with Líderes Campesinas, a nonprofit network of farmworkers based in Oxnard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve heard from counties and workgroups that are enthusiastic about continuing these efforts,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hospitals are at capacity. COVID-19 infections are at record highs. Testing lines stretch for hours. Yet even as the omicron variant batters the state, only 38% of vaccinated Californians have gotten a booster shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with initial vaccinations, acceptance of the booster shot has varied throughout California: Counties in the far north and rural areas continue to see lower numbers, with as few as 23% of vaccinated people getting a booster in Mariposa, Colusa and Merced counties, according to a CalMatters analysis of \u003ca href=\"https://data.ca.gov/dataset/covid-19-vaccine-progress-dashboard-data\">state data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area boasts the highest rate, at 55%, although only three counties have more than half of their vaccinated populations boosted: San Francisco, Marin and San Mateo. In 19 California counties, fewer than a third of eligible residents are boosted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Imperial County — the border community that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2021/08/imperial-county-vaccination-rate/\">led the state in vaccination rates\u003c/a> last spring after it was hit hard by the virus — only a quarter of eligible residents have gotten a booster shot. The health officer there blames “pandemic fatigue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think there’s been some fatigue after nearly two years of this pandemic, not just in Imperial County, but everywhere,” said County Health Officer Dr. Stephen Munday. “People want to get back to their normal lives. They want to go to work, they want to take care of their families. It’s kind of like, well, gosh, I got my two doses, why do I have to get another one?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just in rural counties where a majority of people haven’t yet gotten the extra shot: Los Angeles, Kern, Santa Barbara and 28 other counties have lower booster rates than the 38% statewide average. Major population centers such as San Diego, San Bernardino and Riverside are lagging behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>State and federal recommendations for booster shots have changed several times, making them difficult for the public to follow. Current guidance advises a booster for all adults, while children as young as 12 can only get an additional Pfizer shot. Immunocompromised children as young as 5 also are eligible for another Pfizer dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies show an additional dose can double protection against infection and is highly effective in preventing severe disease and hospitalization even against the omicron variant, said UCSF epidemiologist George Rutherford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Run, don’t walk, to go get your boosters,” Fresno County Health Officer Dr. Rais Vohra said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most older adults throughout the state have listened to the advice: Nearly 64% have been boosted. In Marin County, as many as 80% of those 65 and older have been boosted, and only four counties have boosted fewer than half of their older populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/8321358/embed#?secret=xq5ApaV3LC\" data-secret=\"xq5ApaV3LC\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" height=\"575\" width=\"800\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for younger Californians, getting an additional dose is far less common. Only 47% of those age 50-64 have been boosted. Forty-four counties have boosted fewer than half their populations in this age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The case spikes are being driven by the unvaccinated, which are 25 to 45 years old, largely,” Rutherford said. “That’s where we’re seeing the majority of cases, and that’s where the majority of unvaccinated or under-vaccinated people are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike early in the pandemic when vaccines were limited, the slow booster uptake has little to do with availability. “There’s a very robust supply,” said Imperial County Health Officer Munday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the state health department, California’s stockpile currently has \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/vaccination-progress-data/\">5.6 million available doses\u003c/a> — a 39-day supply. \u003ca href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/\">MyTurn\u003c/a>, the state’s vaccination portal, recently added booster appointments for children age 12-15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Omicron is here. We can’t abandon the tools that have allowed California to be one of the safest states throughout the pandemic. Those are vaccines and boosters,” Health and Human Services Secretary Dr. Mark Ghaly said during an update Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Total hospitalizations are approaching 51,000 people, a number just shy of the peak capacity reached during last winter’s surge. Approximately \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2020/04/california-coronavirus-covid-patient-hospitalization-data-icu/\">8,000 of those patients represent COVID-19 cases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To those who haven’t been vaccinated at all: Get your vaccine as quickly as you can. And those who have been vaccinated but haven’t been boosted, please consider getting boosted,” Ghaly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In Fresno, where COVID-19 has prompted deployment of the National Guard, many health care workers are unable to work due to COVID-19 exposure or infection, further straining their hospital system, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a third of eligible residents in Fresno County are currently boosted, according to state data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The boosted vaccination population is fending off the omicron infections really quickly,” Vohra said. “For the unvaccinated folks, they basically are the ones who are super vulnerable, and those are the ones we’re worried about because they’re the ones that land in the hospitals and ICU.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North of Fresno, officials in sparsely populated Mariposa County are relying heavily on the state’s MyTurn portal to distribute booster shots. Fewer than a quarter of eligible residents have been boosted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County Health Officer Dr. Eric Sergienko said mass vaccination clinics have subsided due to decreased demand, fewer resources and privacy concerns in their small community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rather than doing clinics with hundreds, we have clinics through MyTurn that are booked out with 30 to 100 people at our scheduled clinics on Tuesdays and Thursday,” Sergienko said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cases and hospitalizations in Mariposa County have trended younger with a majority of cases occurring among those age 20-40 and a majority of hospitalizations among unvaccinated people age 40-55, department spokesperson Lizz Darcy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statewide surge in infections and hospitalizations is expected to peak during the third week of January, experts say. Hospitalizations remain substantially \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2020/04/california-coronavirus-covid-patient-hospitalization-data-icu/\">below pre-vaccine levels.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community organizations and health centers, which have been at the forefront of vaccine education and distribution, say interest in the booster has increased during this current surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems our community is much more receptive to receiving the booster than they were originally to get the first dose,” said Bryant Macias, emergency relief supervisor at the United Farm Workers Foundation, which has advocated for priority doses for farmworkers and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2021/03/california-farmworkers-vaccine-obstacles/\">helped organize clinics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The main challenges we have identified are individuals not knowing how long they need to wait before getting the booster shot, whether or not they can get a booster that is different from their initial vaccine, and some folks only wanting the booster if it’s the same kind as their initial dose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In agricultural counties, like those in the Central Valley, workplace vaccine clinics played an important role in increasing access last spring. Those events for boosters may not be as visible yet because it’s the off season for many crops. But they’re in the plans, said Irene de Barraicua, director of operations with Líderes Campesinas, a nonprofit network of farmworkers based in Oxnard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve heard from counties and workgroups that are enthusiastic about continuing these efforts,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the roughly six weeks since scientists in southern Africa sequenced and reported the omicron variant, the newest COVID-19 strain has dominated case counts — and headlines — around the world, quickly overtaking the delta variant and \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#trends_dailycases\">driving a massive surge in new infections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While much remains unknown about omicron, the new variant is spreading as quickly as epidemiologists initially feared, although it also appears to be potentially less lethal than previous variants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To try to make some sense of what these new conditions mean for our lives at the start of 2022, KQED Forum’s Alexis Madrigal \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101887149/the-future-of-covid-what-2022-could-bring\">checked in on Monday\u003c/a> with \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/robert.wachter\">Dr. Bob Wachter\u003c/a>, professor and chair of the Department of Medicine at UCSF, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/profile/jessica-malaty-rivera/\">Jessica Malaty Rivera\u003c/a>, an epidemiologist and senior adviser at The Pandemic Prevention Institute — and former science communication lead for The Covid Tracking Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alexis Madrigal: What’s the latest outlook in the Bay Area? \u003c/strong>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Dr. Bob Wachter, chair, UCSF Department of Medicine\"]‘We’re not seeing the kinds of surges that people are seeing elsewhere in the country, but we definitely are seeing an uptick because of omicron.’[/pullquote]\u003cstrong>Dr. Bob Wachter\u003c/strong>: We have seen a remarkable increase in our testing positivity rate. We test everybody who comes into UCSF’s hospital for anything — for a heart attack or cancer surgery or getting a medical procedure — and that is my sort of poor man’s way of trying to figure out what percentage of people in San Francisco are positive. That number has been as low as 0.2%, meaning 1 in 500. But today, it’s up to about 7% or 8%, meaning that 1 out of about 12 or 13 people who were tested, who feel fine, who have no symptoms of COVID, are testing positive for COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our hospitalizations were staying steady, and then about seven days ago, they started going up and they’ve doubled since a week ago. We’re not seeing the kinds of surges that people are seeing elsewhere in the country, but we definitely are seeing an uptick because of omicron.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are seeing a surge here, but nothing like what they are seeing in Cleveland or New York or Houston or Miami. The Bay Area is the most heavily vaccinated region in the country, so although there might be an increase in breakout infections here, people won’t usually get very sick, as compared to in places with low vaccination rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Bob_Wachter/status/1476708937311293448\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What data should we pay attention to over the next few weeks to give us some indication of how things are going?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Malaty Rivera\u003c/strong>: A lot of people right now are gazing at these giant numbers that are upwards of two times what they looked like in January of 2021, and panicking. But we expected that, right? That’s the holiday effect. That’s the testing effect. That’s the fact that omicron is super transmissible and a lot of people are testing positive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But my eyes are on hospitalizations. I want to see what those trends look like because that’s kind of as close to a real-time indicator of what’s going on on the ground as we can get. And we are concerned that hospitals are starting to send crisis-care signals because there’s too many people and capacity is exceeding the norm, and the National Guard is being deployed. That’s happening in some places, and we’re watching to see if it happens nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you think about the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11900296/cdc-recommends-shorter-covid-isolation-and-quarantine-periods\">new guidance\u003c/a> that people who test positive for the virus but don’t have symptoms need only isolate for five days rather than 10?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: I understand it. You know, if every doctor and nurse or other essential workers in other industries has to be on the sidelines for 10 days, I really worry about how we can staff the ER? I mean, can we staff our clinics? Can we take care of patients? And that, of course, creates its own harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think that we’ve got a really difficult balance to try to figure out here. If you say everybody has to stay in isolation until they test negative, then you just have too many people out of commission. And this is really not about the economy. This is about making sure that if you come into the emergency room with a heart attack or a stroke, that there will be somebody there who can take care of you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And because so many people today are walking around on the street who feel fine, but they actually have COVID, and some of them are infectious, at some point you try to come up with the number of days in which the vast majority of people who get the virus will no longer be infectious, and then insist that they wear a mask for the next several days after that in case they still have a lingering amount of virus.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jessica Malaty Rivera, senior adviser, Pandemic Prevention Institute\"]‘My eyes are on hospitalizations. I want to see what those trends look like because that’s kind of as close to a real-time indicator of what’s going on on the ground as we can get.’[/pullquote]I believe that the state of California did the right thing and the CDC did the wrong thing. California said five days of isolation, but then you have to do an antigen test [a rapid test], and it has to be negative. If people do that, the majority will test negative on Day Five and be able to go out and resume their life, while wearing a good mask. I think the CDC should have been clearer about masking — you really should be wearing an N95 or equivalent if you go back out into the workplace after isolating for five days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California also said that if you still test positive after five days, you need to stay in isolation until you test negative. I think that’s going to be the smarter call, and I suspect the CDC is going to go there in the next few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky said that only an estimated 30% of people were following the original 10-day isolation guidance. \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Is that a good enough reason to split that time in half?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rivera\u003c/strong>: No, in my opinion. The “let’s try to find the number of days that makes it work” strategy makes me uncomfortable. Making rules easier so that you can increase compliance is not a public health strategy. It is in some cases when you’re dealing with harm reduction and risk reduction. But in the context of a highly transmissible variant, in the context of a huge surge, an unprecedented surge, it’s not the time to modify the rules just to make them easier to follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have not seen the data to justify the 50% reduction in isolation time and also the complete disregard for testing, which has been a strategy used for travel and employment. If you have a dark pink second line on your antigen test, chances are you’ve got a high viral load and you are a risk to others and should stay home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kind of masks should people be wearing nowadays to stay safe?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: I wear an N95 or the equivalent — anything that has “94” or “95” in it — pretty much anywhere I go now when I want to wear a mask. It seems silly to me to not wear the best possible protection.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"omicron\"]I didn’t do that until a month or two ago. I felt like if I wore a surgical mask and then a good, tight-fitting cloth mask on top of it, that gave a level of protection that’s not far off the N95. But since omicron is so much more transmissible than the prior variants, it just seems like the right call. If the virus has upped its game, we might as well up our game and wear a mask that gives us a fighting chance of keeping the virus at bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health message early was that you should wear a mask to protect your fellow citizen. That’s partly true, but you’re also wearing it to protect yourself. The evidence that a good mask will protect you is actually extremely strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, the N95s you can get now, or the K95s, are pretty much as comfortable as a surgical or a cloth mask. It’s just not a big deal. Why not wear the better mask?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You definitely don’t want to use masks with valves — the kind that sometimes people use during fire season — because they allow you to exhale your breath to the risk of people around you. But yeah, the KN95s [from China] and KF94s [from South Korea] are fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are counterfeit masks that are not good — you can look up the quality of masks on certain websites. But if you go on Amazon or some other site and look up reviews, you can find one that works well. And I wouldn’t pay attention to what it says on it. If it says 94 or 95 on it, that means in general, it’s filtering out 19 out of 20 particles, and that seems to be enough to prevent transmission in pretty much all circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are researchers gaining a better understanding of long COVID — in terms of its causes, symptoms and behavior?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: My sense is that it still is a little bit up in the air how much of long COVID is from persistence of infection, how much of it is from your immune system reacting in a way that causes you harm and how much of it we just don’t understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s real. There’s no question that a fair number of people have symptoms that last for more than a month or two, and there are now people who have symptoms that have lasted for more than a year. It’s also a tricky thing to study and be sure about. I go with the general numbers of 5% to 10% of people who get the virus continue to feel crummy a month or two out.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Dr. Bob Wachter, chair, UCSF Department of Medicine\"]‘If the virus has upped its game, we might as well up our game and wear a mask that gives us a fighting chance of keeping the virus at bay.’[/pullquote]So I still think it’s worth trying not to get it, in part because of the possibility of long COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Particularly for people who have gotten three shots, if you’re out there being careful, wearing the right mask, avoiding big crowds, I think there’s a pretty good chance you will dodge this bullet. And I think you’ll probably only have to do that for four to six weeks, when we’ll be on the other side of this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What risk does omicron pose for kids under 5?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: I think most of us are aware that kids tend to be extraordinarily safe. The chances of a kid getting very sick and going to the hospital from COVID are very, very, very, very low, but not zero. There’s no evidence yet that omicron is more severe in little kids than the prior variants were. There is an increased risk of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41584-020-0448-7\">autoimmune diseases occurring in children\u003c/a> who get COVID. That’s turned out to be a threat, but not a massive threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, the best we can do for kids is wrap them in a cocoon of vaccinated people who are being careful, and hopefully get to a point where there’s either so much immunity in the population or a vaccine is made available to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the best way to keep kids under 5 safe in their day care centers, and when can we expect a vaccine to be available for them?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rivera\u003c/strong>: It’s recommended that kids 2 and older wear masks. N95 masks don’t come that small, but there are other masks that are equivalent. KF94s from Korea are often made in children’s sizes. I stocked up on those for my 3-1/2- and 5-year-old, and I think they’re wonderful. They have the same kind of thickness and multilayers that you would see in an adult-sized K95 or an N95 mask. They fit tightly, they cover the nose bridge quite well considering kids’ small faces. So I highly recommend those.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jessica Malaty Rivera, senior adviser, Pandemic Prevention Institute\"]‘In the context of a highly transmissible variant, in the context of a huge surge, an unprecedented surge, it’s not the time to modify the rules just to make them easier to follow.’[/pullquote]And when it comes to when we can see the authorization, we did get some disappointing news that it’s going to take a bit longer as health officials have to kind of recalibrate the study to consider a third dose because, unfortunately, the immune bridging for toddlers was not as high. There were no safety signals, but they wanted the efficacy to be much higher. I think that a third dose will probably give us that data that will show that these vaccines at this dosage will provide younger kids with sufficient protection. So authorization for kids under 5 should probably come, I would hope, by sometime mid-2022. That’s when they’ve anticipated it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you say to parents who are concerned about student vaccine mandates, given that the FDA has only issued emergency use of the vaccine for kids 5 to 11?\u003c/strong>[aside postID='news_11898455' hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS52826_GettyImages-1227768883-qut-1020x675.jpg']\u003cstrong>Rivera\u003c/strong>: I do think there is a bit of a misconception as to what emergency use authorization [EUA] actually is. It is not a kind of less robust process for review. In the context of an emergency, which we very much are in, and which is why we have these opportunities to expedite the process for review, the same thresholds for safety and efficacy still stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just recently, the CDC published some findings on 9 million vaccinations of 5- to 11-year-olds with no signals that would show severe concerns for safety or for efficacy. I think out of 9 million, there were 11 reports of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/myocarditis.html#:~:text=Myocarditis%20is%20inflammation%20of%20the,infection%20or%20some%20other%20trigger.\">myocarditis \u003c/a>— an inflammation of the heart muscle — all of which were mild and resolved quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I think that in the context of a public health emergency, an EUA is absolutely still sufficient when it comes to providing these guidelines for what is good for our population. And I think that we will likely see a full FDA approval very soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So is the end of the pandemic anywhere in sight? Could it end this year? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: I’m reluctant to predict anything a year out because we’ve all been wrong. I don’t know anybody who predicted delta. I don’t know anybody who predicted omicron. And, you know, it can all be screwed up with a curveball — some new variant that does things that we didn’t think were possible. I mean, nobody that I know thought omicron, a variant this transmissible, was possible. And it appears that we may have gotten very lucky by having a variant that is incredibly transmissible, but also less severe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What that may lead to in February or March is a population that is almost fully immune, either through vaccination or, for people that chose not to be vaccinated, through infection. And we’ll have to see how long your immunity from your infection or your vaccinations lasts. That may determine what happens at the end of 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we’re in for a pretty terrible month. My crystal ball only goes out a couple of months. I think February or March is likely to be a pretty good time as the surge likely comes down and we’re left with a high level of population immunity and also more available testing, and the greater availability of particularly the new Pfizer drug Paxlovid, which is a pill that lowers the probability of a severe case — of hospitalization and death — by 90%. So that’s pretty great.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It means that for those people at high risk of a bad outcome, we’ll be in a position where if they do get COVID, there will be this pill that they can take that lowers their probability of something terrible happening. The problem is that it’s in very short supply, but the supply is going to grow gradually over the next few months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "What's the Omicron Outlook in the Bay Area and Beyond for the Start of 2022? | KQED",
"description": "Two public health experts give their outlooks on where things stand in the pandemic, amid a surge in new COVID-19 cases driven by the highly transmissible omicron variant.",
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"headline": "What's the Omicron Outlook in the Bay Area and Beyond for the Start of 2022?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the roughly six weeks since scientists in southern Africa sequenced and reported the omicron variant, the newest COVID-19 strain has dominated case counts — and headlines — around the world, quickly overtaking the delta variant and \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#trends_dailycases\">driving a massive surge in new infections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While much remains unknown about omicron, the new variant is spreading as quickly as epidemiologists initially feared, although it also appears to be potentially less lethal than previous variants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To try to make some sense of what these new conditions mean for our lives at the start of 2022, KQED Forum’s Alexis Madrigal \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101887149/the-future-of-covid-what-2022-could-bring\">checked in on Monday\u003c/a> with \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/robert.wachter\">Dr. Bob Wachter\u003c/a>, professor and chair of the Department of Medicine at UCSF, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/profile/jessica-malaty-rivera/\">Jessica Malaty Rivera\u003c/a>, an epidemiologist and senior adviser at The Pandemic Prevention Institute — and former science communication lead for The Covid Tracking Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alexis Madrigal: What’s the latest outlook in the Bay Area? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We’re not seeing the kinds of surges that people are seeing elsewhere in the country, but we definitely are seeing an uptick because of omicron.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dr. Bob Wachter\u003c/strong>: We have seen a remarkable increase in our testing positivity rate. We test everybody who comes into UCSF’s hospital for anything — for a heart attack or cancer surgery or getting a medical procedure — and that is my sort of poor man’s way of trying to figure out what percentage of people in San Francisco are positive. That number has been as low as 0.2%, meaning 1 in 500. But today, it’s up to about 7% or 8%, meaning that 1 out of about 12 or 13 people who were tested, who feel fine, who have no symptoms of COVID, are testing positive for COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our hospitalizations were staying steady, and then about seven days ago, they started going up and they’ve doubled since a week ago. We’re not seeing the kinds of surges that people are seeing elsewhere in the country, but we definitely are seeing an uptick because of omicron.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are seeing a surge here, but nothing like what they are seeing in Cleveland or New York or Houston or Miami. The Bay Area is the most heavily vaccinated region in the country, so although there might be an increase in breakout infections here, people won’t usually get very sick, as compared to in places with low vaccination rates.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What data should we pay attention to over the next few weeks to give us some indication of how things are going?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Malaty Rivera\u003c/strong>: A lot of people right now are gazing at these giant numbers that are upwards of two times what they looked like in January of 2021, and panicking. But we expected that, right? That’s the holiday effect. That’s the testing effect. That’s the fact that omicron is super transmissible and a lot of people are testing positive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But my eyes are on hospitalizations. I want to see what those trends look like because that’s kind of as close to a real-time indicator of what’s going on on the ground as we can get. And we are concerned that hospitals are starting to send crisis-care signals because there’s too many people and capacity is exceeding the norm, and the National Guard is being deployed. That’s happening in some places, and we’re watching to see if it happens nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you think about the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11900296/cdc-recommends-shorter-covid-isolation-and-quarantine-periods\">new guidance\u003c/a> that people who test positive for the virus but don’t have symptoms need only isolate for five days rather than 10?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: I understand it. You know, if every doctor and nurse or other essential workers in other industries has to be on the sidelines for 10 days, I really worry about how we can staff the ER? I mean, can we staff our clinics? Can we take care of patients? And that, of course, creates its own harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think that we’ve got a really difficult balance to try to figure out here. If you say everybody has to stay in isolation until they test negative, then you just have too many people out of commission. And this is really not about the economy. This is about making sure that if you come into the emergency room with a heart attack or a stroke, that there will be somebody there who can take care of you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And because so many people today are walking around on the street who feel fine, but they actually have COVID, and some of them are infectious, at some point you try to come up with the number of days in which the vast majority of people who get the virus will no longer be infectious, and then insist that they wear a mask for the next several days after that in case they still have a lingering amount of virus.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>I believe that the state of California did the right thing and the CDC did the wrong thing. California said five days of isolation, but then you have to do an antigen test [a rapid test], and it has to be negative. If people do that, the majority will test negative on Day Five and be able to go out and resume their life, while wearing a good mask. I think the CDC should have been clearer about masking — you really should be wearing an N95 or equivalent if you go back out into the workplace after isolating for five days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California also said that if you still test positive after five days, you need to stay in isolation until you test negative. I think that’s going to be the smarter call, and I suspect the CDC is going to go there in the next few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky said that only an estimated 30% of people were following the original 10-day isolation guidance. \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Is that a good enough reason to split that time in half?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rivera\u003c/strong>: No, in my opinion. The “let’s try to find the number of days that makes it work” strategy makes me uncomfortable. Making rules easier so that you can increase compliance is not a public health strategy. It is in some cases when you’re dealing with harm reduction and risk reduction. But in the context of a highly transmissible variant, in the context of a huge surge, an unprecedented surge, it’s not the time to modify the rules just to make them easier to follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have not seen the data to justify the 50% reduction in isolation time and also the complete disregard for testing, which has been a strategy used for travel and employment. If you have a dark pink second line on your antigen test, chances are you’ve got a high viral load and you are a risk to others and should stay home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kind of masks should people be wearing nowadays to stay safe?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: I wear an N95 or the equivalent — anything that has “94” or “95” in it — pretty much anywhere I go now when I want to wear a mask. It seems silly to me to not wear the best possible protection.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>I didn’t do that until a month or two ago. I felt like if I wore a surgical mask and then a good, tight-fitting cloth mask on top of it, that gave a level of protection that’s not far off the N95. But since omicron is so much more transmissible than the prior variants, it just seems like the right call. If the virus has upped its game, we might as well up our game and wear a mask that gives us a fighting chance of keeping the virus at bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health message early was that you should wear a mask to protect your fellow citizen. That’s partly true, but you’re also wearing it to protect yourself. The evidence that a good mask will protect you is actually extremely strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, the N95s you can get now, or the K95s, are pretty much as comfortable as a surgical or a cloth mask. It’s just not a big deal. Why not wear the better mask?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You definitely don’t want to use masks with valves — the kind that sometimes people use during fire season — because they allow you to exhale your breath to the risk of people around you. But yeah, the KN95s [from China] and KF94s [from South Korea] are fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are counterfeit masks that are not good — you can look up the quality of masks on certain websites. But if you go on Amazon or some other site and look up reviews, you can find one that works well. And I wouldn’t pay attention to what it says on it. If it says 94 or 95 on it, that means in general, it’s filtering out 19 out of 20 particles, and that seems to be enough to prevent transmission in pretty much all circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are researchers gaining a better understanding of long COVID — in terms of its causes, symptoms and behavior?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: My sense is that it still is a little bit up in the air how much of long COVID is from persistence of infection, how much of it is from your immune system reacting in a way that causes you harm and how much of it we just don’t understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s real. There’s no question that a fair number of people have symptoms that last for more than a month or two, and there are now people who have symptoms that have lasted for more than a year. It’s also a tricky thing to study and be sure about. I go with the general numbers of 5% to 10% of people who get the virus continue to feel crummy a month or two out.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>So I still think it’s worth trying not to get it, in part because of the possibility of long COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Particularly for people who have gotten three shots, if you’re out there being careful, wearing the right mask, avoiding big crowds, I think there’s a pretty good chance you will dodge this bullet. And I think you’ll probably only have to do that for four to six weeks, when we’ll be on the other side of this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What risk does omicron pose for kids under 5?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: I think most of us are aware that kids tend to be extraordinarily safe. The chances of a kid getting very sick and going to the hospital from COVID are very, very, very, very low, but not zero. There’s no evidence yet that omicron is more severe in little kids than the prior variants were. There is an increased risk of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41584-020-0448-7\">autoimmune diseases occurring in children\u003c/a> who get COVID. That’s turned out to be a threat, but not a massive threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, the best we can do for kids is wrap them in a cocoon of vaccinated people who are being careful, and hopefully get to a point where there’s either so much immunity in the population or a vaccine is made available to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the best way to keep kids under 5 safe in their day care centers, and when can we expect a vaccine to be available for them?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rivera\u003c/strong>: It’s recommended that kids 2 and older wear masks. N95 masks don’t come that small, but there are other masks that are equivalent. KF94s from Korea are often made in children’s sizes. I stocked up on those for my 3-1/2- and 5-year-old, and I think they’re wonderful. They have the same kind of thickness and multilayers that you would see in an adult-sized K95 or an N95 mask. They fit tightly, they cover the nose bridge quite well considering kids’ small faces. So I highly recommend those.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>And when it comes to when we can see the authorization, we did get some disappointing news that it’s going to take a bit longer as health officials have to kind of recalibrate the study to consider a third dose because, unfortunately, the immune bridging for toddlers was not as high. There were no safety signals, but they wanted the efficacy to be much higher. I think that a third dose will probably give us that data that will show that these vaccines at this dosage will provide younger kids with sufficient protection. So authorization for kids under 5 should probably come, I would hope, by sometime mid-2022. That’s when they’ve anticipated it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you say to parents who are concerned about student vaccine mandates, given that the FDA has only issued emergency use of the vaccine for kids 5 to 11?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rivera\u003c/strong>: I do think there is a bit of a misconception as to what emergency use authorization [EUA] actually is. It is not a kind of less robust process for review. In the context of an emergency, which we very much are in, and which is why we have these opportunities to expedite the process for review, the same thresholds for safety and efficacy still stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just recently, the CDC published some findings on 9 million vaccinations of 5- to 11-year-olds with no signals that would show severe concerns for safety or for efficacy. I think out of 9 million, there were 11 reports of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/myocarditis.html#:~:text=Myocarditis%20is%20inflammation%20of%20the,infection%20or%20some%20other%20trigger.\">myocarditis \u003c/a>— an inflammation of the heart muscle — all of which were mild and resolved quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I think that in the context of a public health emergency, an EUA is absolutely still sufficient when it comes to providing these guidelines for what is good for our population. And I think that we will likely see a full FDA approval very soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>So is the end of the pandemic anywhere in sight? Could it end this year? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wachter\u003c/strong>: I’m reluctant to predict anything a year out because we’ve all been wrong. I don’t know anybody who predicted delta. I don’t know anybody who predicted omicron. And, you know, it can all be screwed up with a curveball — some new variant that does things that we didn’t think were possible. I mean, nobody that I know thought omicron, a variant this transmissible, was possible. And it appears that we may have gotten very lucky by having a variant that is incredibly transmissible, but also less severe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What that may lead to in February or March is a population that is almost fully immune, either through vaccination or, for people that chose not to be vaccinated, through infection. And we’ll have to see how long your immunity from your infection or your vaccinations lasts. That may determine what happens at the end of 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we’re in for a pretty terrible month. My crystal ball only goes out a couple of months. I think February or March is likely to be a pretty good time as the surge likely comes down and we’re left with a high level of population immunity and also more available testing, and the greater availability of particularly the new Pfizer drug Paxlovid, which is a pill that lowers the probability of a severe case — of hospitalization and death — by 90%. So that’s pretty great.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It means that for those people at high risk of a bad outcome, we’ll be in a position where if they do get COVID, there will be this pill that they can take that lowers their probability of something terrible happening. The problem is that it’s in very short supply, but the supply is going to grow gradually over the next few months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>With a new and more infectious coronavirus variant sweeping California, attorneys representing incarcerated people say violations of health orders by prison staff risk a repeat of the outbreaks that killed dozens in the first year of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration is fighting a federal judge’s order that all \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11897498/court-blocks-covid-19-vaccine-mandate-for-california-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California prison workers must be vaccinated\u003c/a> against the coronavirus or have a religious or medical exemption. The administration argues in part that frequent testing can help limit the virus’s spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But large percentages of employees who are required to be tested twice weekly aren’t doing so, “and most of those workers face no consequences,” attorneys said in a recent court filing, citing figures that officials now say are suspect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern comes as new cases soar across California and state models predict a gradual increase in hospitalizations and intensive care admissions over the next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 5,100 people were hospitalized and more than 1,100 are in the ICU statewide, numbers expected to climb above 7,300 and 1,300 by the end of January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials temporarily shut off new admissions to the reception center at Wasco State Prison in the San Joaquin Valley, the site of California’s worst current prison outbreak with more than 150 new infections in the past two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also are restricting movement for incarcerated people, programs and visitation at institutions with outbreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And starting Monday, incarcerated people statewide must be fully vaccinated to have in-person or family visits, unless they have approved religious or medical exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The twice-weekly testing requirement applies to about 10,000 unvaccinated corrections employees, nearly a third of whom weren’t complying from mid-October through mid-November, according to the most recent data provided by corrections officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the state’s figures show that fewer than 20 employees were disciplined during the same time frame, though corrections officials said those numbers are misleading, “partly because fully vaccinated staff who are not subject to the testing requirement may show as noncompliant with testing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prisons had nearly 350 active coronavirus cases among those incarcerated Thursday, up from fewer than 190 just two days earlier, with nearly half the total at the Wasco prison. There were lesser outbreaks at prisons near Norco, Corcoran, San Diego, Folsom and Chino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were nearly 400 new infections among prison employees statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials said they have not seen an increase in hospitalizations, which have remained between one and three over the past two months statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The prisons lag behind the communities,” said Steve Fama, an attorney with the nonprofit Prison Law Office, which represents incarcerated people. “The virus has to skip into the prisons, literally leap into — it’s got to get over the wall, and that just takes time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases are a fraction of the system’s nearly 100,000 incarcerated people and nothing like the outbreaks last year, including one that sickened 75% of the people incarcerated at San Quentin State Prison north of San Francisco, killing 28 of them and a correctional officer.[aside tag=\"san-quentin\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the pandemic, 245 incarcerated people and 49 corrections staff have died statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials said they “continue to enforce a mask mandate for all staff, and require unvaccinated workers to wear N95 masks and submit to twice-weekly testing — twice the frequency required” by the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also said in a statement they are “diligently resolving discrepancies in the staff COVID-19 vaccination and testing data” but can’t yet provide updated statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A related review by corrections officials of staff at two prisons that house the sickest people reduced the percentage of those initially listed as not complying with health rules from more than 10% to just 2% at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville and from more than 8% to about 5% at the California Health Care Facility in Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, vaccinations are lagging among contractors at those prisons, the attorneys of people incarcerated say, despite a separate requirement that all employees there be inoculated. Again there are few consequences, according to court documents, because contractors “cannot be disciplined for failing to comply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contractors are not state employees, but “are supposed to comply and they should not be working in the institution if they are not vaccinated,” Paul Mello, an attorney for the corrections department, said in response at a recent court hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contractors including medical providers make up about a quarter of employees at the Vacaville prison, but only 37% are vaccinated as required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They make up nearly 1 in 5 employees at the prison in Stockton, with 61% vaccinated. That compares to about 80% of permanent employees vaccinated at the two prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Public Health Officer Dr. Tomás Aragón last week expanded on the vaccination order for all paid and unpaid individuals who are regularly assigned to provide health care to incarcerated people or work in prison medical settings or in local jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were supposed to be vaccinated by mid-October, and his order now requires them to get booster shots by Feb. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing the new omicron variant that he said may be two to four times as infectious as the delta variant, Aragón warned that “even a moderate surge in cases and hospitalizations could materially impact California’s health care delivery system within certain regions of the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal court-appointed receiver who controls medical care in California prisons said officials are working to get boosters in all eligible incarcerated people by year’s end. Of about 70,000 eligible people, nearly three-quarters had received one by mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With a new and more infectious coronavirus variant sweeping California, attorneys representing incarcerated people say violations of health orders by prison staff risk a repeat of the outbreaks that killed dozens in the first year of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration is fighting a federal judge’s order that all \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11897498/court-blocks-covid-19-vaccine-mandate-for-california-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California prison workers must be vaccinated\u003c/a> against the coronavirus or have a religious or medical exemption. The administration argues in part that frequent testing can help limit the virus’s spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But large percentages of employees who are required to be tested twice weekly aren’t doing so, “and most of those workers face no consequences,” attorneys said in a recent court filing, citing figures that officials now say are suspect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern comes as new cases soar across California and state models predict a gradual increase in hospitalizations and intensive care admissions over the next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 5,100 people were hospitalized and more than 1,100 are in the ICU statewide, numbers expected to climb above 7,300 and 1,300 by the end of January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials temporarily shut off new admissions to the reception center at Wasco State Prison in the San Joaquin Valley, the site of California’s worst current prison outbreak with more than 150 new infections in the past two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also are restricting movement for incarcerated people, programs and visitation at institutions with outbreaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And starting Monday, incarcerated people statewide must be fully vaccinated to have in-person or family visits, unless they have approved religious or medical exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The twice-weekly testing requirement applies to about 10,000 unvaccinated corrections employees, nearly a third of whom weren’t complying from mid-October through mid-November, according to the most recent data provided by corrections officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the state’s figures show that fewer than 20 employees were disciplined during the same time frame, though corrections officials said those numbers are misleading, “partly because fully vaccinated staff who are not subject to the testing requirement may show as noncompliant with testing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prisons had nearly 350 active coronavirus cases among those incarcerated Thursday, up from fewer than 190 just two days earlier, with nearly half the total at the Wasco prison. There were lesser outbreaks at prisons near Norco, Corcoran, San Diego, Folsom and Chino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were nearly 400 new infections among prison employees statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials said they have not seen an increase in hospitalizations, which have remained between one and three over the past two months statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The prisons lag behind the communities,” said Steve Fama, an attorney with the nonprofit Prison Law Office, which represents incarcerated people. “The virus has to skip into the prisons, literally leap into — it’s got to get over the wall, and that just takes time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases are a fraction of the system’s nearly 100,000 incarcerated people and nothing like the outbreaks last year, including one that sickened 75% of the people incarcerated at San Quentin State Prison north of San Francisco, killing 28 of them and a correctional officer.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the pandemic, 245 incarcerated people and 49 corrections staff have died statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials said they “continue to enforce a mask mandate for all staff, and require unvaccinated workers to wear N95 masks and submit to twice-weekly testing — twice the frequency required” by the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also said in a statement they are “diligently resolving discrepancies in the staff COVID-19 vaccination and testing data” but can’t yet provide updated statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A related review by corrections officials of staff at two prisons that house the sickest people reduced the percentage of those initially listed as not complying with health rules from more than 10% to just 2% at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville and from more than 8% to about 5% at the California Health Care Facility in Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, vaccinations are lagging among contractors at those prisons, the attorneys of people incarcerated say, despite a separate requirement that all employees there be inoculated. Again there are few consequences, according to court documents, because contractors “cannot be disciplined for failing to comply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contractors are not state employees, but “are supposed to comply and they should not be working in the institution if they are not vaccinated,” Paul Mello, an attorney for the corrections department, said in response at a recent court hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contractors including medical providers make up about a quarter of employees at the Vacaville prison, but only 37% are vaccinated as required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They make up nearly 1 in 5 employees at the prison in Stockton, with 61% vaccinated. That compares to about 80% of permanent employees vaccinated at the two prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Public Health Officer Dr. Tomás Aragón last week expanded on the vaccination order for all paid and unpaid individuals who are regularly assigned to provide health care to incarcerated people or work in prison medical settings or in local jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were supposed to be vaccinated by mid-October, and his order now requires them to get booster shots by Feb. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing the new omicron variant that he said may be two to four times as infectious as the delta variant, Aragón warned that “even a moderate surge in cases and hospitalizations could materially impact California’s health care delivery system within certain regions of the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal court-appointed receiver who controls medical care in California prisons said officials are working to get boosters in all eligible incarcerated people by year’s end. Of about 70,000 eligible people, nearly three-quarters had received one by mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Santa Clara County to Require COVID Boosters for Health Care Workers, Sooner Than State",
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"content": "\u003cp>Santa Clara County will require health care workers in high-risk settings to get COVID-19 boosters, and to get them sooner than a statewide mandate issued by Gov. Gavin Newsom last week, officials announced Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Newsom announced that nearly all of California’s roughly 2.5 million frontline health care workers \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11900014/california-to-require-booster-shots-for-health-care-workers\">must receive a COVID-19 booster shot by Feb. 1\u003c/a>. Santa Clara County’s order goes into effect on Jan. 24, and will apply to more workers than the state’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Tuesday press conference, Santa Clara County Public Health Officer Sara Cody said a surge in omicron variant infections drove the decision to order the mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since the last time we spoke, which was just less than two weeks ago, I warned of a deluge of omicron,” Cody said. “Today, unfortunately, that deluge is here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 cases among the unvaccinated \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.sccgov.org/dashboard-case-rates-vaccination-status\">are higher now in Santa Clara County than last August’s surge\u003c/a>. While 81% of county residents are vaccinated, and 52% have gotten a booster dose, Cody said the high spread of omicron meant a possibility for hospitals here to become overwhelmed soon — making even the “breakthrough” cases in vaccinated people a problem for hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if a small portion ends up needing a hospital bed, it could still end up being a lot of people, because the portion of cases is quite large,” Cody said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order, she added, is “to protect our health care system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11900014 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/GettyImages-1236892674-1020x601.jpg']Both the state’s and the county’s orders apply to workers at hospitals and doctor’s offices, home health workers and those working in high-risk congregate settings including nursing facilities, hospice centers and dialysis centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Santa Clara County’s order “applies to a slightly broader set of workers,” said County Counsel for Santa Clara County James Williams, “namely medical first responders, such as paramedics and EMTs, those working in shelters, and non-health care staff in jails and correctional settings.” It also will not allow unvaccinated or unboosted people to get tested as a way to satisfy the requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, those workers without a booster, including medical and correctional first responders, will be reassigned to jobs within their organizations that the county doesn’t consider having high-risk settings, such as where air is shared with high-risk clients, and jails, said Williams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Boosters are absolutely critical, given what we’re facing right now,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mandate came alongside recommendations Cody announced for Santa Clara County, including that businesses and other governmental entities implement vaccine and booster requirements for their workers. She also strongly recommended restaurants and bars require booster shots for workers and patrons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked why the recommendation for restaurants and bars was not a mandate, Cody said, “Our feeling is that it’s extremely important, but we’re not taking that final step of mandating it. Our businesses have been incredibly responsible, responsive and safe with their patrons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She did, however, say the best way to patronize your favorite restaurants now is by ordering takeout or delivery and “tipping a lot, to support them,” but that gathering indoors without a mask is “not the safest way to be right now, with omicron spiking as it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland last week, at the announcement of the statewide booster mandate for health care workers, Newsom said the mandate was imperative to preventing further health care staffing shortages due to illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We recognize now just being fully vaccinated is not enough with this new variant,” Newsom said, noting that “well north of 50%” of new cases in California are the omicron variant — now the dominant variant in the country. “We believe it’s important to extend this requirement to getting that third dose, to getting boosted,” he added. “I think it is a smart move, a wise move in this context that we need to make sure we don’t have staffing shortages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='booster-shot']California already requires health care workers to be vaccinated against the coronavirus, a directive that took effect in September, and one that most workers have complied with. Thousands of people who have not complied, though, have either lost their jobs or been suspended, sparking concerns that the newest rule could further exacerbate staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Hospital Association was quick to back the order, with California Hospital Association President and CEO Carmela Coyle saying, in a statement, that boosters are “vital to ensuring care for all in need as California and the nation as a whole continue to face a persistent shortage of health care workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coronavirus-related hospitalizations have been rising slowly in California. As of Tuesday, there were 4,747 coronavirus patients hospitalized across the state, indicating an increase since Dec. 1. But that’s far less than the peak of last winter’s surge, when the state had nearly 22,000 coronavirus patients before vaccines were widely available. Now, more than 70% of the state’s nearly 40 million residents have been fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while hospitals overall have fewer patients than last winter, many have fewer workers to treat the patients they do have. The staffing shortage comes as businesses, including hospitals, are having trouble finding workers. A recent UCSF study estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2021/09/421366/california-faces-short-term-nursing-shortage-covid-19-retirements\">the state’s nursing shortage could persist until 2026\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kiyomi Burchill, group vice president for policy for the California Hospital Association, said in an interview Tuesday before Newsom made his announcement, “The staffing shortages we are experiencing are worse than ever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED’s Spencer Whitney and Matthew Green, as well as Adam Beam of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Santa Clara County will require health care workers in high-risk settings to get COVID-19 boosters, and to get them sooner than a statewide mandate issued by Gov. Gavin Newsom last week, officials announced Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Newsom announced that nearly all of California’s roughly 2.5 million frontline health care workers \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11900014/california-to-require-booster-shots-for-health-care-workers\">must receive a COVID-19 booster shot by Feb. 1\u003c/a>. Santa Clara County’s order goes into effect on Jan. 24, and will apply to more workers than the state’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Tuesday press conference, Santa Clara County Public Health Officer Sara Cody said a surge in omicron variant infections drove the decision to order the mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since the last time we spoke, which was just less than two weeks ago, I warned of a deluge of omicron,” Cody said. “Today, unfortunately, that deluge is here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 cases among the unvaccinated \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.sccgov.org/dashboard-case-rates-vaccination-status\">are higher now in Santa Clara County than last August’s surge\u003c/a>. While 81% of county residents are vaccinated, and 52% have gotten a booster dose, Cody said the high spread of omicron meant a possibility for hospitals here to become overwhelmed soon — making even the “breakthrough” cases in vaccinated people a problem for hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if a small portion ends up needing a hospital bed, it could still end up being a lot of people, because the portion of cases is quite large,” Cody said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order, she added, is “to protect our health care system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Both the state’s and the county’s orders apply to workers at hospitals and doctor’s offices, home health workers and those working in high-risk congregate settings including nursing facilities, hospice centers and dialysis centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Santa Clara County’s order “applies to a slightly broader set of workers,” said County Counsel for Santa Clara County James Williams, “namely medical first responders, such as paramedics and EMTs, those working in shelters, and non-health care staff in jails and correctional settings.” It also will not allow unvaccinated or unboosted people to get tested as a way to satisfy the requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, those workers without a booster, including medical and correctional first responders, will be reassigned to jobs within their organizations that the county doesn’t consider having high-risk settings, such as where air is shared with high-risk clients, and jails, said Williams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Boosters are absolutely critical, given what we’re facing right now,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>California already requires health care workers to be vaccinated against the coronavirus, a directive that took effect in September, and one that most workers have complied with. Thousands of people who have not complied, though, have either lost their jobs or been suspended, sparking concerns that the newest rule could further exacerbate staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Hospital Association was quick to back the order, with California Hospital Association President and CEO Carmela Coyle saying, in a statement, that boosters are “vital to ensuring care for all in need as California and the nation as a whole continue to face a persistent shortage of health care workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coronavirus-related hospitalizations have been rising slowly in California. As of Tuesday, there were 4,747 coronavirus patients hospitalized across the state, indicating an increase since Dec. 1. But that’s far less than the peak of last winter’s surge, when the state had nearly 22,000 coronavirus patients before vaccines were widely available. Now, more than 70% of the state’s nearly 40 million residents have been fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while hospitals overall have fewer patients than last winter, many have fewer workers to treat the patients they do have. The staffing shortage comes as businesses, including hospitals, are having trouble finding workers. A recent UCSF study estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2021/09/421366/california-faces-short-term-nursing-shortage-covid-19-retirements\">the state’s nursing shortage could persist until 2026\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kiyomi Burchill, group vice president for policy for the California Hospital Association, said in an interview Tuesday before Newsom made his announcement, “The staffing shortages we are experiencing are worse than ever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED’s Spencer Whitney and Matthew Green, as well as Adam Beam of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Flight cancellations that disrupted holiday travel stretched into Monday with thousands of U.S. flights canceled and delayed during one of the year’s busiest travel periods, due to airline crews being out sick with COVID-19 and worsening weather conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staffing shortages also added to the chaos. In 2020, when air travel collapsed, airlines encouraged workers to quit, and then struggled to make up ground this year when travel rebounded faster than almost anyone expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add the arrival of the omicron variant, and thousands of flights were canceled over four days. According to FlightAware, which tracks flight cancellations, airlines have canceled more than 4,000 flights to, from or inside the U.S. since Friday, with over 1,000 U.S. cancellations on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11900284\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/HW89-1020x519.jpg\"]Bay Area airports have been affected. At San Francisco International, 36 departing flights and 39 arriving flights were canceled Monday as of 6 p.m. At Oakland International Airport, the number of cancellations was much smaller — 10 departing and 9 incoming — but dozens more have been delayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta, United, JetBlue and American all have said the coronavirus was causing staffing problems, and European and Australian airlines also canceled holiday-season flights because staff were infected, but weather and other factors played a role as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter weather in the Pacific Northwest led to nearly 250 flight cancellations to or from Seattle on Sunday, said Alaska Airlines, and the airline expects more than 100 flight cancellations Monday. But it said that crew calling in sick because of COVID-19 is no longer a factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>United said it canceled 115 flights Monday, out of more than 4,000 scheduled, due to crews out with COVID-19. SkyWest, a regional airline based in Utah, said it had more cancellations than normal during the weekend and on Monday, after bad weather affected several of its hubs and many crew members were out with COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Airlines have called on the Biden administration to shorten the guidelines for the isolation period for vaccinated workers who get COVID-19, in order to ease staffing shortages. The union for flight attendants has pushed back against that, saying the isolation period should remain 10 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air travel dropped steeply in 2020 and has recovered throughout 2021. Transportation Security Administration data shows the number of passengers screened at TSA checkpoints during the holiday season up significantly from last year — on some days double the number of fliers or even more — but generally still short of 2019 levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='omicron']The U.S. government requires vaccinations of foreigners coming to the U.S. as well as a negative COVID test of both U.S. citizens and foreigners flying into the country. Dr. Anthony Fauci, the top U.S. infectious disease expert, said on Monday that the U.S. should also “seriously” consider a vaccination mandate for domestic travel as another way to push people to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has at times considered a domestic vaccination requirement, or one requiring either vaccination or proof of a negative test. Such a requirement could face legal challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED’s Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Bay Area airports have been affected. At San Francisco International, 36 departing flights and 39 arriving flights were canceled Monday as of 6 p.m. At Oakland International Airport, the number of cancellations was much smaller — 10 departing and 9 incoming — but dozens more have been delayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta, United, JetBlue and American all have said the coronavirus was causing staffing problems, and European and Australian airlines also canceled holiday-season flights because staff were infected, but weather and other factors played a role as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter weather in the Pacific Northwest led to nearly 250 flight cancellations to or from Seattle on Sunday, said Alaska Airlines, and the airline expects more than 100 flight cancellations Monday. But it said that crew calling in sick because of COVID-19 is no longer a factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>United said it canceled 115 flights Monday, out of more than 4,000 scheduled, due to crews out with COVID-19. SkyWest, a regional airline based in Utah, said it had more cancellations than normal during the weekend and on Monday, after bad weather affected several of its hubs and many crew members were out with COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Airlines have called on the Biden administration to shorten the guidelines for the isolation period for vaccinated workers who get COVID-19, in order to ease staffing shortages. The union for flight attendants has pushed back against that, saying the isolation period should remain 10 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air travel dropped steeply in 2020 and has recovered throughout 2021. Transportation Security Administration data shows the number of passengers screened at TSA checkpoints during the holiday season up significantly from last year — on some days double the number of fliers or even more — but generally still short of 2019 levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California State University, the nation’s largest four-year public university, said Wednesday that it will require students, faculty and staff at its 23 campuses to get COVID-19 booster shots for the spring semester amid concerns about the highly contagious omicron variant.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"CSU Chancellor Joseph I. Castro\"]‘Vaccination, including a booster when eligible, remains our most effective strategy against infection and severe disease.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mandate, which allows for medical and religious exemptions, requires the boosters by Feb. 28, or six months after the final dose of vaccination. Individual campuses can impose earlier deadlines, the university said in a statement, adding it was still negotiating the requirement with labor unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaccination, including a booster when eligible, remains our most effective strategy against infection and severe disease,” CSU Chancellor Joseph I. Castro said in the statement. “This is particularly important in light of the rapid rise of cases of COVID-19 throughout the state and nation as the omicron variant spreads.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California State University has about 485,000 students and 55,000 faculty members and staff. The announcement comes a day after the University of California announced a similar mandate for its 10 campuses, saying that a COVID-19 booster shot is required under the existing UC policy that says students and staff must keep their vaccination statuses up to date. According to Castro’s office, the CSU’s requirement will go into effect immediately once it is finalized, at which time the university will make the policy public. [aside postID=\"news_11900014,news_11896107,news_11894546\" label=\"Related Posts\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC President Michael Drake outlined the policy in a letter to chancellors Tuesday. Several UC campuses — including UCLA, UC Irvine, UC Santa Cruz and UC San Diego — have announced that classes will begin remotely at the start of the new term. The delays of in-person classes range from one to two weeks, which campuses say will allow them to conduct extensive testing and reduce the risk of spreading illness after the winter recess. An estimated 427,000 CSU students and more than 50,000 employees have proven their full vaccination status as of November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colleges across the country are bracing for the worst when students return from winter break and many see boosters as their best hope. More than 30 colleges have issued booster shot requirements in recent weeks, and others say they’re thinking about it. The list includes large universities like Boston University, NYU, the University of Chicago, Michigan State University, and the University of Oregon and dozens of smaller liberal arts and Ivy League campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much about the omicron coronavirus variant remains unknown, including whether it causes more or less severe illness. Scientists say omicron spreads even more easily than other coronavirus strains, including delta. Early studies suggest the vaccinated will need a booster shot for the best chance at preventing an omicron infection but that, even without the extra dose, vaccination still should offer strong protection against severe illness and death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California so far has fared far better than many other states. Gov. Gavin Newsom said Wednesday that California has the lowest test-positivity rate in the country, with only 3.3% of COVID-19 tests coming back positive. But cases are surging as the more-transmissible omicron variant spreads through the state. New cases have nearly doubled from 5,400 last week to nearly 11,000 this week, he said during a news conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Angela Meriquez Vázquez initially experienced mild cold symptoms when she was diagnosed with COVID in March 2020. This acute phase lasted three months until Vázquez began to develop increasingly worrying symptoms which included blood clots, mini strokes, seizures, and newly developed food allergies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her symptoms were dismissed by medical professionals leading Vázquez to question her trust in the health care system. “I have to believe that my identity as a Latina and a young woman played no small role in that” she says, “and I imagine, you know, if I had been white, I may have been offered more investigative testing at the beginning of my illness and more supportive care up front that really could have mitigated the trajectory of my symptoms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, more than a year and a half after her initial COVID diagnosis, Vázquez says she’s nowhere near back to normal. Once an avid runner, she now suffers from chronic fatigue syndrome, bouts of confusion, sleep apnea, heart palpitations, and severe migraines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the National Institute of Health’s $1 billion initiative to gather more data on the long-term consequences of COVID in early 2021, reports of long COVID-19 have been on the rise. This November, KQED Forum’s Lesley McClurg\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886578/what-science-tells-us-about-the-mysteries-of-long-covid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> spoke with experts and a patient on what is currently known and being researched about the long-term effects of the virus\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Angela Meriquez Vázquez,\u003c/strong> long-haul COVID patient\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Juliet Morgan,\u003c/strong> neurologist and chief resident of psychiatry at UCSF\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Upinder Singh,\u003c/strong> infectious disease expert at Stanford University\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Zackary Berger,\u003c/strong> associate professor at Johns Hopkins Institute of Bioethics\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What do we know about long COVID-19? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Upinder Singh:\u003c/strong> We’re at the beginning of a long road. We only know some things about long COVID. We know that it’s a real condition, and that people feel terrible and they have multiple symptoms. We know that everybody with long COVID can present differently. We also know that people who had mild disease with COVID can get long COVID. It’s not limited just to people who had severe illness in the ICU.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know the vaccines are effective and safe, and they decrease the symptoms that people get even if they have breakthrough infections. So anybody who’s vaccinated and gets a breakthrough infection is more likely to have milder symptoms and prevent hospitalization and death. We do think that people who have breakthrough infections may still be able to get long COVID, but the hope is that their symptoms are milder and that their resolution is faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zackary Berger:\u003c/strong> There’s some indication that vaccinated individuals who have COVID symptoms have a lesser chance of developing long COVID. But a lot of the literature is difficult to interpret, and it’s still in the early days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have to see the right kind of evidence, and then when a patient needs answers, we try to get them answers. But long COVID is very difficult clinically. People want answers, and sometimes they don’t even have a doctor to go to and can’t even get testing, and that’s where we need to work just as hard as we do determining which tests to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Is Long COVID-19 psychosomatic?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Juliet Morgan:\u003c/strong> We have to be very humble when discussing mental health and long COVID because, at least from the patients I’ve taken care of, I can’t imagine that this is entirely generated by a primary psychiatric illness. We also know that there are these abnormal markers when we are looking at research studies that suggest that there’s more going on beyond psychiatric manifestations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard for an ailing body not to then generate an ailing emotional response. I haven’t taken care of a long COVID patient who doesn’t have anxiety and depression. Many people who had anxiety and depression before they had long COVID have experienced worsened symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11899907\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11899907\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A nurse in PPE rests their hands on a railing inside of a triage center.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Registered nurse Angelo Daulat at Kaiser Permanente in Richmond where patients with respiratory symptoms are being triaged, on Thursday, Mar. 19, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What is the best approach to long COVID-19 care?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Upinder Singh:\u003c/strong> Now, a year and a half into the pandemic, we have an understanding that there is a very real, very physical condition called long COVID. I would really encourage individuals to talk to their primary care physicians, and if their primary care physicians are not comfortable with or don’t have the experience with long COVID, seek out a long COVID clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although two different long COVID patients can experience some overlap, their symptoms are often quite distinct. So you do really need a multidisciplinary approach where you can have a central provider who has some expertise in long COVID, who can then call in a neurologist if you’re having neurological issues or call in a cardiologist if you’re having cardiac issues. This is a very tough disease to go through alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Juliet Morgan:\u003c/strong> Along with Dr. Jobs, a palliative care physician at UCSF, I run a long COVID integrative medicine skills group for recovery, so we’ve seen a lot of long COVID patients.\u003cbr>\nUnfortunately, Angela’s story is nothing rare. I wish that we heard stories that were different from hers, but we had many, many participants who have been suffering and felt invisible, unheard and really invalidated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We bring people together with knowledgeable physicians to think about how we’re going to tackle long COVID together. We looked at what interventions have worked in other chronic conditions where people have increased inflammation or an over-activated, sympathetic nervous system, and we decided we wanted to emphasize interventions like mindfulness, coping strategies, and cognitive behavioral therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important part of this recipe was bringing people with long COVID together into the same space so they could teach each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What is causing long COVID-19?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zackary Berger:\u003c/strong> We must understand long COVID as a multi-domain phenomenon. So there’s the individual body of the person that undergoes a variety of symptoms which can be really unique from person to person. Then there’s the social body; the collective. The collective is more than just the sum of individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID has been a social phenomenon that has affected many groups in our society. So, COVID and long COVID acts on multiple levels at once, which makes it hard to define and to treat. This means that these symptoms of long COVID are exacerbated by social phenomena, which people tend to overlook as outside the realm of medicine, and that’s completely false. This leads us to a concentration on biomedical solutions when there’s a lot that needs to be done for patients suffering from long COVID that’s not made in a lab or found in a lab test.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Will long COVID-19 care affect care for other chronic illnesses?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Juliet Morgan:\u003c/strong> Long COVID is bringing all of these other long-haul illnesses out from the shadows. However, our medical system has had difficulty with understanding how we treat this population, and I am very hopeful that all of this research and all of this thought being put into long COVID will help us to expand how we can help people who’ve identified with post-viral post-infectious syndromes for 20 or 30 years and have felt really abandoned by our medical system.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Long COVID-19 moving forward\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zackary Berger:\u003c/strong> Because long COVID as a disease that develops in time differently from person to person, it requires a multidisciplinary team of people. Relief of pain is really important. Physical activity is really important, and providing specific treatment for symptoms like myocarditis and lung conditions associated with long COVID is really important. Unfortunately, there isn’t one specific answer to long COVID, but there are treatments out for their very specific things. Sometimes what works best is an incremental approach to chronic symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Juliet Morgan:\u003c/strong> There isn’t a one size fits all approach to long COVID; it’s about finding a provider, a practitioner that you feel is hearing you and that you develop with that person a plan for each of the issues going on with you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Upinder Singh:\u003c/strong> We want to be careful that we aren’t too quick to diagnose people who develop symptoms after having an episode of COVID as having long COVID. Part of engaging with a primary care provider is to make sure there’s no underlying issue. We’ve been in a pandemic for 18 months and people have developed hypothyroidism or other cardiac issues during that time that may be causing their symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Angela Meriquez Vázquez initially experienced mild cold symptoms when she was diagnosed with COVID in March 2020. This acute phase lasted three months until Vázquez began to develop increasingly worrying symptoms which included blood clots, mini strokes, seizures, and newly developed food allergies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her symptoms were dismissed by medical professionals leading Vázquez to question her trust in the health care system. “I have to believe that my identity as a Latina and a young woman played no small role in that” she says, “and I imagine, you know, if I had been white, I may have been offered more investigative testing at the beginning of my illness and more supportive care up front that really could have mitigated the trajectory of my symptoms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, more than a year and a half after her initial COVID diagnosis, Vázquez says she’s nowhere near back to normal. Once an avid runner, she now suffers from chronic fatigue syndrome, bouts of confusion, sleep apnea, heart palpitations, and severe migraines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the National Institute of Health’s $1 billion initiative to gather more data on the long-term consequences of COVID in early 2021, reports of long COVID-19 have been on the rise. This November, KQED Forum’s Lesley McClurg\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886578/what-science-tells-us-about-the-mysteries-of-long-covid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> spoke with experts and a patient on what is currently known and being researched about the long-term effects of the virus\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Angela Meriquez Vázquez,\u003c/strong> long-haul COVID patient\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Juliet Morgan,\u003c/strong> neurologist and chief resident of psychiatry at UCSF\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Upinder Singh,\u003c/strong> infectious disease expert at Stanford University\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Zackary Berger,\u003c/strong> associate professor at Johns Hopkins Institute of Bioethics\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What do we know about long COVID-19? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Upinder Singh:\u003c/strong> We’re at the beginning of a long road. We only know some things about long COVID. We know that it’s a real condition, and that people feel terrible and they have multiple symptoms. We know that everybody with long COVID can present differently. We also know that people who had mild disease with COVID can get long COVID. It’s not limited just to people who had severe illness in the ICU.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know the vaccines are effective and safe, and they decrease the symptoms that people get even if they have breakthrough infections. So anybody who’s vaccinated and gets a breakthrough infection is more likely to have milder symptoms and prevent hospitalization and death. We do think that people who have breakthrough infections may still be able to get long COVID, but the hope is that their symptoms are milder and that their resolution is faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zackary Berger:\u003c/strong> There’s some indication that vaccinated individuals who have COVID symptoms have a lesser chance of developing long COVID. But a lot of the literature is difficult to interpret, and it’s still in the early days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have to see the right kind of evidence, and then when a patient needs answers, we try to get them answers. But long COVID is very difficult clinically. People want answers, and sometimes they don’t even have a doctor to go to and can’t even get testing, and that’s where we need to work just as hard as we do determining which tests to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Is Long COVID-19 psychosomatic?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Juliet Morgan:\u003c/strong> We have to be very humble when discussing mental health and long COVID because, at least from the patients I’ve taken care of, I can’t imagine that this is entirely generated by a primary psychiatric illness. We also know that there are these abnormal markers when we are looking at research studies that suggest that there’s more going on beyond psychiatric manifestations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard for an ailing body not to then generate an ailing emotional response. I haven’t taken care of a long COVID patient who doesn’t have anxiety and depression. Many people who had anxiety and depression before they had long COVID have experienced worsened symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11899907\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11899907\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A nurse in PPE rests their hands on a railing inside of a triage center.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/RS42205_004_KQED_Richmond_Kaiser_03192020_-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Registered nurse Angelo Daulat at Kaiser Permanente in Richmond where patients with respiratory symptoms are being triaged, on Thursday, Mar. 19, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What is the best approach to long COVID-19 care?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Upinder Singh:\u003c/strong> Now, a year and a half into the pandemic, we have an understanding that there is a very real, very physical condition called long COVID. I would really encourage individuals to talk to their primary care physicians, and if their primary care physicians are not comfortable with or don’t have the experience with long COVID, seek out a long COVID clinic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although two different long COVID patients can experience some overlap, their symptoms are often quite distinct. So you do really need a multidisciplinary approach where you can have a central provider who has some expertise in long COVID, who can then call in a neurologist if you’re having neurological issues or call in a cardiologist if you’re having cardiac issues. This is a very tough disease to go through alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Juliet Morgan:\u003c/strong> Along with Dr. Jobs, a palliative care physician at UCSF, I run a long COVID integrative medicine skills group for recovery, so we’ve seen a lot of long COVID patients.\u003cbr>\nUnfortunately, Angela’s story is nothing rare. I wish that we heard stories that were different from hers, but we had many, many participants who have been suffering and felt invisible, unheard and really invalidated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We bring people together with knowledgeable physicians to think about how we’re going to tackle long COVID together. We looked at what interventions have worked in other chronic conditions where people have increased inflammation or an over-activated, sympathetic nervous system, and we decided we wanted to emphasize interventions like mindfulness, coping strategies, and cognitive behavioral therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important part of this recipe was bringing people with long COVID together into the same space so they could teach each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What is causing long COVID-19?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zackary Berger:\u003c/strong> We must understand long COVID as a multi-domain phenomenon. So there’s the individual body of the person that undergoes a variety of symptoms which can be really unique from person to person. Then there’s the social body; the collective. The collective is more than just the sum of individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID has been a social phenomenon that has affected many groups in our society. So, COVID and long COVID acts on multiple levels at once, which makes it hard to define and to treat. This means that these symptoms of long COVID are exacerbated by social phenomena, which people tend to overlook as outside the realm of medicine, and that’s completely false. This leads us to a concentration on biomedical solutions when there’s a lot that needs to be done for patients suffering from long COVID that’s not made in a lab or found in a lab test.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Will long COVID-19 care affect care for other chronic illnesses?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Juliet Morgan:\u003c/strong> Long COVID is bringing all of these other long-haul illnesses out from the shadows. 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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
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}
},
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"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
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"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
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"here-and-now": {
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"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
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