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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11753_transform.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-145465\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11753_transform.jpg\" alt=\"11753_transform\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dominic Pitigliano walks through an almond orchard in Tulare County as the nut harvest gets underway. KQED's \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em> traveled to the Central Valley to hear how its farmers, ranchers and residents are faring during California's prolonged drought. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11754_transform.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-145468\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11754_transform.jpg\" alt=\"Statewide Drought Takes Toll On California's Lake Oroville Water Level\" width=\"639\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the other end of the Central Valley (or in the foothills just above it), the Enterprise Bridge passes over a nearly dry section of Lake Oroville earlier this week. The lake is the largest reservoir in the State Water Project and the second-largest in California after Lake Shasta. Both Oroville and Shasta are less than one-third full now and have less than half the water they have on average at this time of year. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11741_transform.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-145467\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11741_transform.jpg\" alt=\"11741_transform\" width=\"639\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"item\" style=\"color: #737373\">\n\u003cp style=\"color: #3c3c3c\">Florentino Perez cuts clusters of pinot noir grapes from a vine at Trefethen Family Vineyards in Napa Valley as the harvest gets into full swing throughout the North Bay wine country. (Mina Kim/KQED)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11755_transform.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-145470\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11755_transform.jpg\" alt=\"11755_transform\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Blankfort photo of 1969 People’s Park unrest at Haste Street and Telegraph Avenue in Berkeley. A collection of Blankfort's historic photos, many depicting the civil rights and anti-Vietnam War campaigns of the 1960s, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2014/08/18/jeffrey-blankfort-celebrates-his-80th-birthday-by-putting-his-historic-bay-area-photos-online/\" target=\"_blank\">went online recently\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/6311_transform1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-145430\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/6311_transform1.jpg\" alt=\"6311_transform\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #444444\">The Friends of Berkeley Tuolumne\u003c/span>\u003ca style=\"color: #336699\" href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Friends-of-Berkeley-Tuolumne-Camp/158320396277\"> \u003c/a>Family Camp Group \u003cspan style=\"color: #444444\"> is \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/08/19/fundraisers-planned-for-berkeley-tuolumne-camp/\">holding three fundraising events\u003c/a>, starting tonight, to mark the first anniversary of the Rim Fire, which effectively destroyed the much loved, city-run family summer camp. (Grace Rubenstein/KQED) \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11756_transform.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-145476\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/11756_transform.jpg\" alt=\"11756_transform\" width=\"639\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A rendering of VTA's BART Silicon Valley Project. On Wednesday, \u003cspan style=\"color: #4d4d4d\">BART’s extension to Silicon Valley received its final $39 million in state funding from the California Transportation Commission. (Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority)\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">[vimeo 104055254 w=640 h=360]\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At 89, Ernie Kinney is the oldest active square dance caller in the world. That’s according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.callerlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\">CALLERLAB, the International Association of Square Dance Callers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former Marine and schoolteacher has called all over the world and in all 50 states. These days, he’s still in demand — just sticking a little closer to his longtime Fresno home. He calls every Monday night in Hanford, about 45 minutes away. And every Thursday, dancers dressed in Western wear can find him calling for the Travelin’ Pioneers Square Dance Club at the Clovis Senior Center outside Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the only caller who still uses 45 rpm records. That’s all I have. I don’t want to do that other stuff. I’m not gonna be here that much longer anyway,” he says. “I’m gonna retire probably in 15 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145362\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-145362\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/ernie-kinney-640x360.jpeg\" alt=\"ernie kinney\" width=\"350\" height=\"197\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ernie Kinney says he won't call a dance on the day he dies. But maybe the day before. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mirdza Ward does round dance cueing and has spent plenty of time around Kinney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You go to other states and you talk to your square dance friends and they cannot get over that we can dance to Ernie Kinney every week!” she says. “They’re very jealous of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says Kinney’s “humor is funny as all get-out. Of course we’ve heard it a number of times but it gets funnier every time he tells it to us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not long before Kinney comes up to Ward with a joke. “I’ve told ‘em three times,” he says. “Ten times. Never go to bed right after you take a laxative and a sleeping pill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kinney was born in Oklahoma but has lived in the Central Valley for most of his adult life. He taught in the tiny town of Cantua Creek on the west side of the valley for 24 years, the last 10 as superintendent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would start in September back in those days with 350 kids. By mid-October, when the cotton was being picked, we’d have 500,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kinney says he started calling square dances when he lived in Cantua Creek. He’s been invited just about everywhere as a caller, including Hong Kong, Tokyo, Australia, New Zealand, England and Sweden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll call until the day I die,” he says. “Maybe not the day I die but until the day I die.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At 89, Ernie Kinney is the oldest active square dance caller in the world. That’s according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.callerlab.org/\" target=\"_blank\">CALLERLAB, the International Association of Square Dance Callers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former Marine and schoolteacher has called all over the world and in all 50 states. These days, he’s still in demand — just sticking a little closer to his longtime Fresno home. He calls every Monday night in Hanford, about 45 minutes away. And every Thursday, dancers dressed in Western wear can find him calling for the Travelin’ Pioneers Square Dance Club at the Clovis Senior Center outside Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the only caller who still uses 45 rpm records. That’s all I have. I don’t want to do that other stuff. I’m not gonna be here that much longer anyway,” he says. “I’m gonna retire probably in 15 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145362\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-145362\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/ernie-kinney-640x360.jpeg\" alt=\"ernie kinney\" width=\"350\" height=\"197\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ernie Kinney says he won't call a dance on the day he dies. But maybe the day before. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mirdza Ward does round dance cueing and has spent plenty of time around Kinney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You go to other states and you talk to your square dance friends and they cannot get over that we can dance to Ernie Kinney every week!” she says. “They’re very jealous of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2014/08/2014-08-22b-tcrmag.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Lee Herrick's California, Korean 20-somethings talk about hyphens, good pot and the quality of wines in Napa Valley versus Lodi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Lee Herrick's California, the streets remember the Chicano poet whose songs still bank off Fresno's beer-soaked gutters and almond trees in partial blossom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Lee Herrick's California, we fish out long noodles from the pho with such accuracy that you'd know we'd done this before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrick is a South Korean adoptee who grew up in the Bay Area, in Danville, and later moved to Modesto. He came to Fresno 20 years ago to write and teach. Herrick is one of a long line of poets who have made a home in the Central Valley, a hardscrabble landscape that has produced fertile ground for writers, including a national poet laureate, a state poet laureate and multiple winners of the National Book Award.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before he moved to Fresno, Herrick didn't realize the riches that the Central Valley held.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was one of those who, having been raised in the Bay Area, I would say, 'Oh, I've maybe driven through Fresno on the way here or there,' \" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teaching English and poetry at Fresno City College, Herrick has grown to recognize the juxtapositions that are part of everyday life in the center of the state. Bullets mix with prayer. A police state mixes with a state of grace. And in spite of it all, a bounty of peaches, grapes, red onions, salsa, wine and chapchae grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can have a U.S. poet laureate coming out of Trader Joe's,\" he says, \"down the same street where there is some pretty substantial poverty and some pretty substantial illiteracy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poets grow in the Central Valley, too. Herrick tries to make a list: Philip Levine, Juan Felipe Herrera, Andr?s Montoya, Peter Everwine, Gary Soto, Lawson Fusao Inada, Corrinne Clegg Hales, Tim Z. Hernandez, Brian Turner, Marisol Baca, Carleigh Takemoto ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrick realizes there are too many poets to try and remember to keep the list going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think all of those poets, or at least many of them, somehow embody some sort of grit and sweat and hope that you see in the poetry,\" Herrick says. \"There is sort of a brutal realism, often, and a great sense of desire in the poets' work here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrick likes to imagine a space in Central California where paperbacks are free, where farmers markets are 24 hours a day and are always packed, and where both priests and the homeless can eat equally well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he writes in his poem, \"My California:\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>... everywhere is Chinatown,\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>everywhere is K-Town, everywhere is Armeniatown,\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>everywhere a Little Italy. Less confederacy.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like in any city, Herrick says, you can grow accustomed to its norms. But after traveling the state and the world, he thinks the norms in Fresno are anything but normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're quite extraordinary, rich. And those are some of the things I think a person might miss if they just skip by and glance from the 99.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before he moved to Fresno, Herrick didn't realize the riches that the Central Valley held.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was one of those who, having been raised in the Bay Area, I would say, 'Oh, I've maybe driven through Fresno on the way here or there,' \" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teaching English and poetry at Fresno City College, Herrick has grown to recognize the juxtapositions that are part of everyday life in the center of the state. Bullets mix with prayer. A police state mixes with a state of grace. And in spite of it all, a bounty of peaches, grapes, red onions, salsa, wine and chapchae grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can have a U.S. poet laureate coming out of Trader Joe's,\" he says, \"down the same street where there is some pretty substantial poverty and some pretty substantial illiteracy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poets grow in the Central Valley, too. Herrick tries to make a list: Philip Levine, Juan Felipe Herrera, Andr?s Montoya, Peter Everwine, Gary Soto, Lawson Fusao Inada, Corrinne Clegg Hales, Tim Z. Hernandez, Brian Turner, Marisol Baca, Carleigh Takemoto ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrick realizes there are too many poets to try and remember to keep the list going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think all of those poets, or at least many of them, somehow embody some sort of grit and sweat and hope that you see in the poetry,\" Herrick says. \"There is sort of a brutal realism, often, and a great sense of desire in the poets' work here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrick likes to imagine a space in Central California where paperbacks are free, where farmers markets are 24 hours a day and are always packed, and where both priests and the homeless can eat equally well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he writes in his poem, \"My California:\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>... everywhere is Chinatown,\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>everywhere is K-Town, everywhere is Armeniatown,\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>everywhere a Little Italy. Less confederacy.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like in any city, Herrick says, you can grow accustomed to its norms. But after traveling the state and the world, he thinks the norms in Fresno are anything but normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're quite extraordinary, rich. And those are some of the things I think a person might miss if they just skip by and glance from the 99.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2014/08/2014-08-22d-tcrmag.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Central California isn’t usually thought of as a hotbed of technology, but techies and local leaders are looking to change that in their quest to diversify the region’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Galindo spends almost his every waking moment with Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I use Google for research, for homework, class projects. Also, my phone is powered by Google,” Galindo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The life of this 22-year-old Merced College student is inundated with Google. So when I asked if he wanted to come with me to a project Google is working on nearby, he actually looked up from his phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We drove to the Cold War-era Castle Air Force Base, just north of Merced. The location of Google’s latest project testing wasn’t highly publicized, but a brief article in the local paper had tipped me off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the 2,700 acres of runway and run-down office park, tech companies are using the base to build drones and rockets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news article said Google was testing things at Castle, but the tech giant is notoriously top secret. They wouldn’t give us an interview. But a base manager pointed out a 6-foot-tall chain-link fence covered in green mesh. Galindo and I peeked over the top and saw driverless cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re using the old parking lot around the dormitories, with new stoplights put in, to test these cars. And we’ve been seeing a black car with one or two people talking into something driving around the track,” Galindo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local leaders want to attract more companies like Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Becoming a success in the future is thinking bigger, thinking brighter, it’s thinking Google,” said Mark Hendrickson, director of economic development for Merced County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour south on Highway 99, past dairies and almond orchards, a group of young programmers wants to turn Fresno into a tech hub. One of them is Fresno native Irma Olguin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can pull this off in a place like Fresno,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jake Soberal stands in what will be Bitwise South Stadium in Fresno. Bitwise Industries plans to open the second campus in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, Olguin founded a tech competition in Fresno called 59 Days of Code. Developers have to create apps and software in less than 60 days. Jessa Garly created an app called Pantry Chef. I met up with her at this year’s competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140824\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/Sobereal.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10140824\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/Sobereal-300x278.jpg\" alt=\"Jake Soberal stands in what will be Bitwise South Stadium in Fresno. Bitwise Industries plans to open the second campus in 2015. (Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\" width=\"300\" height=\"278\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jake Soberal stands in what will be Bitwise South Stadium in Fresno. Bitwise Industries plans to open the second campus in 2015. (Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our app is a recipe list, a pantry list and a grocery list all in one,” Garly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year Olguin helped create Bitwise Industries. Today its building in downtown Fresno houses 28 companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Career Pillar is one of them. It creates online interactive resource tutorials for career centers and schools. Cramped in a 9-by-10-foot room, the company could have easily sprouted up in Silicon Valley, but co-founder Edgar Blunt said he wanted to plant Career Pillar in Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re excited about being a part of something that can help change the landscape and the thought and idea of the valley,” Blunt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He chose Fresno because operating costs and rents are low. Blunt and his fellow entrepreneurs also say there’s a growing untapped talent pool in the region, many of them Fresno natives — boomerangs — who have returned home. The digital magazine Vocativ ranked Fresno just behind New York City when it comes to livability for the 35-and-under set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days there’s a lot of talk of expansion in downtown Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in what will become Bitwise South Stadium,” said Bitwise co-founder Jake Soberal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said at one time the 52,000-square-foot building in downtown Fresno was a three-story indoor car dealership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the way down to the back side of the building you’ll see technology companies of all stripes,” Soberal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bitwise hopes to break ground next year. But Soberal said what he and his team are creating won’t be like Silicon Valley or San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re Fresno and we should be Fresno,” said Soberal. “To the extent that we keep trying to replicate other places, we will fail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re still not exactly sure what’s going to make them uniquely Fresno. Will their products reflect the agricultural region that surrounds them? What role will Silicon Valley play in all this?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These questions have yet to be answered. But for now there’s excitement for what the region could become.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We drove to the Cold War-era Castle Air Force Base, just north of Merced. The location of Google’s latest project testing wasn’t highly publicized, but a brief article in the local paper had tipped me off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the 2,700 acres of runway and run-down office park, tech companies are using the base to build drones and rockets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news article said Google was testing things at Castle, but the tech giant is notoriously top secret. They wouldn’t give us an interview. But a base manager pointed out a 6-foot-tall chain-link fence covered in green mesh. Galindo and I peeked over the top and saw driverless cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re using the old parking lot around the dormitories, with new stoplights put in, to test these cars. And we’ve been seeing a black car with one or two people talking into something driving around the track,” Galindo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local leaders want to attract more companies like Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Becoming a success in the future is thinking bigger, thinking brighter, it’s thinking Google,” said Mark Hendrickson, director of economic development for Merced County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour south on Highway 99, past dairies and almond orchards, a group of young programmers wants to turn Fresno into a tech hub. One of them is Fresno native Irma Olguin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can pull this off in a place like Fresno,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jake Soberal stands in what will be Bitwise South Stadium in Fresno. Bitwise Industries plans to open the second campus in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, Olguin founded a tech competition in Fresno called 59 Days of Code. Developers have to create apps and software in less than 60 days. Jessa Garly created an app called Pantry Chef. I met up with her at this year’s competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140824\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/Sobereal.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10140824\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/Sobereal-300x278.jpg\" alt=\"Jake Soberal stands in what will be Bitwise South Stadium in Fresno. Bitwise Industries plans to open the second campus in 2015. (Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\" width=\"300\" height=\"278\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jake Soberal stands in what will be Bitwise South Stadium in Fresno. Bitwise Industries plans to open the second campus in 2015. (Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our app is a recipe list, a pantry list and a grocery list all in one,” Garly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year Olguin helped create Bitwise Industries. Today its building in downtown Fresno houses 28 companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Career Pillar is one of them. It creates online interactive resource tutorials for career centers and schools. Cramped in a 9-by-10-foot room, the company could have easily sprouted up in Silicon Valley, but co-founder Edgar Blunt said he wanted to plant Career Pillar in Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re excited about being a part of something that can help change the landscape and the thought and idea of the valley,” Blunt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He chose Fresno because operating costs and rents are low. Blunt and his fellow entrepreneurs also say there’s a growing untapped talent pool in the region, many of them Fresno natives — boomerangs — who have returned home. The digital magazine Vocativ ranked Fresno just behind New York City when it comes to livability for the 35-and-under set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days there’s a lot of talk of expansion in downtown Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in what will become Bitwise South Stadium,” said Bitwise co-founder Jake Soberal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said at one time the 52,000-square-foot building in downtown Fresno was a three-story indoor car dealership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the way down to the back side of the building you’ll see technology companies of all stripes,” Soberal said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bitwise hopes to break ground next year. But Soberal said what he and his team are creating won’t be like Silicon Valley or San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re Fresno and we should be Fresno,” said Soberal. “To the extent that we keep trying to replicate other places, we will fail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re still not exactly sure what’s going to make them uniquely Fresno. Will their products reflect the agricultural region that surrounds them? What role will Silicon Valley play in all this?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These questions have yet to be answered. But for now there’s excitement for what the region could become.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/06/20140623science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18543\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18543\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\" alt=\"(Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An almond tree that’s been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers who lack water in California are facing a tough summer ahead, but for those who do have water, it can be a windfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water is hitting record prices on the open market, prompting some farmers to pump groundwater and sell it — what some call “groundwater mining.” With groundwater already at record-low levels in parts of the state, concerns are rising that these water sales, known as water transfers, may put pressure on California’s overtaxed aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other water deals, farmers are selling the water they get from reservoirs or rivers and are using groundwater instead to irrigate their fields, known as “groundwater substitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 60 billion gallons of groundwater are being proposed in water sales this year — either sold for profit or substituted for water sold for profit, according to a KQED analysis of documents filed with state and federal agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drawing the Battle Lines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Anthea Hansen took the podium at a crowded Merced County Board of Supervisors meeting, knowing she was facing a tough crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sorry to bring this issue to your board and cause such a ruckus,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re in crisis mode. I have trees I need to keep alive.’\u003ccite>— Anthea Hansen, Del Puerto Water District\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Hansen is the general manger of the Del Puerto Water District, which serves about 45,000 acres of farmland on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, an hour south of Stockton. But here she was, 50 miles away in Merced, telling the board why she needs to buy groundwater to save her district’s crops and orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in crisis mode,” she said. “I have trees I need to keep alive. We don’t need large quantities of water to do that. If that doesn’t happen, the trees are gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many water districts with the lowest-priority rights, “junior” water rights, Del Puerto’s normal water supply has dried up this year. Water levels in the federal reservoir system, known as the Central Valley Project, are too low to meet demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Hansen worked out a deal with two ranchers in Merced County. They would pump up to seven billion gallons of their groundwater, put it into canals, and sell it to Hansen’s farmers over two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is common practice,” Steve Sloan told the Merced Board of Supervisors at the same meeting. He’s one of the ranchers who stands to make millions from the deal. Under California’s system of water rights, he owns the groundwater under his property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water exchanges, water transfers have been done for over 30 years,” Sloan said. “This is how we survive collectively as an ag industry in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18545\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18545\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of Sloan’s neighbors don’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m within about a five-mile radius of where they’re going be doing the pumping. So, obviously I’m concerned,” Mike Gallo told the board. Gallo runs a farming operation near Sloan’s. “What’s gonna happen when you take this much water out of an aquifer? We’re on the same aquifer. I don’t know what it’s going to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billy Grissom, a farmer and cattle rancher who owns property near Sloan’s, also objected to the water sale. “Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain,” Grissom said. “When the water is gone, all the farming is gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re doing extensive monitoring,” Sloan responded. “We don’t want to damage the aquifer. We don’t want to damage our neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation is reviewing the water transfer because the water would move through federal infrastructure. In a preliminary report, the agency found there would be no significant environmental impact, though groundwater levels could be drawn down. While Merced County supervisors are also looking into the water transfer, they have little influence over the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Sales as Lifeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water transfer market is the only way we’re surviving right now,” said Lon Martin, assistant general manager of the San Luis Water District, another Central Valley district that has a zero water allocation this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain.’\u003ccite>— Billy Grissom, Farmer and Rancher\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Martin is walking among hundreds of uprooted almond trees near Los Banos; the orchard was ripped out because of the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hope that we don’t see any more of this,” he said. “Depending on the ability of the water district to bring water supplies — if we’re not successful with that, we may see more orchards taken offline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin says in a dry year like this one, there are fewer water transfers than usual, but one of the few large deals going through may help the trees in his district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine water districts north of Sacramento are planning to sell 26 billion gallons of water, about as much as San Francisco uses in a year. Farmers would fallow crops or would pump and use groundwater instead, freeing up their water in rivers and making it available for buyers down south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten water districts in the San Joaquin Valley would purchase the water, which is about half as much water as they’d tried to arrange to purchase in the transfer earlier this year. The deal is expected to cost $72 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are literally people with no water on their account, so this represents the only lifeline they have this year,” said Ara Azhderian, water policy administrator with the San Luis & Delta-Mendota Water Authority, which negotiated the water transfer for the San Joaquin Valley water districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Legal Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has neglected its groundwater,” says Barbara Vlamis, director of AquAlliance, a non-profit focused on the Sacramento watershed. Her group is suing to stop the water transfer over groundwater concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18544\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\" alt=\"An almond orchard that's been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orchards in the San Joaquin Valley need water every year just to keep trees alive. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You’re putting an added stress on the groundwater basin,” Vlamis said. “In the last year alone, there have been wells in Glenn County that have dropped 32 feet. Nineteen feet in Butte County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vlamis says the problem is that groundwater isn’t regulated in California, so state and federal agencies don’t have a full picture of the impact transfers can have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s shoddy,” she said. “The agencies that are so casual about moving water out of here need to truly analyze what they’re doing to this region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenge has raised anxiety levels for districts that were counting on purchasing the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a huge cloud of uncertainty,” Azhderian said. “You’ve got growers that not only have their livelihoods and farms at risk, but they have then dipped into stressed financial resources to make this transfer happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of California’s Water Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water transfers are a way of making water available to people that don’t have old, senior water rights,” said Ellen Hanak, senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers in California first emerged during the 1976-77 drought. “The idea was to stretch the available supplies and do the least economic harm,” Hanak said. “It made sense to allow the market signals to work and allow people to lease that water to folks that were able to pay more for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”3b073d41504f8b383e6897c6f4cbe645″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers have since become commonplace. Earlier this year, Governor Jerry Brown ordered state agencies to \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18496\">speed up their environmental review\u003c/a> of water transfers to help with the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As groundwater levels dropped dramatically in the Central Valley, concerns have emerged about any added pressure to pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley has experienced the highest levels of groundwater overdraft, but there’s also increased pumping in the Sacramento Valley, generally perceived to have plenty of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re seeing an expansion of orchard crops, including in places that did not used to be irrigated,” Hanak said, “and it’s relying on groundwater.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concerns over using groundwater in water transfers tie into larger challenges California is facing in monitoring and managing its underground reservoirs, Hanak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state will look carefully at a transfer to make sure that you aren’t selling water out of a river or lake that someone downstream of you would be using,” she said. “But because California does not have statewide regulation of groundwater, the state doesn’t have the possibility of easily making that assessment about groundwater use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties have taken matters into their own hands and have passed rules that effectively ban the sale of groundwater outside county lines. In Merced County, where controversy over the groundwater sale continues, county supervisors have said they’re looking into that policy.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Fights are breaking out over controversial water sales. Some farmers say they need the water to keep trees alive, while others say groundwater pumping depletes supplies for neighboring farms, and could threaten California's already-stressed aquifers.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18543\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18543\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\" alt=\"(Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An almond tree that’s been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers who lack water in California are facing a tough summer ahead, but for those who do have water, it can be a windfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water is hitting record prices on the open market, prompting some farmers to pump groundwater and sell it — what some call “groundwater mining.” With groundwater already at record-low levels in parts of the state, concerns are rising that these water sales, known as water transfers, may put pressure on California’s overtaxed aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other water deals, farmers are selling the water they get from reservoirs or rivers and are using groundwater instead to irrigate their fields, known as “groundwater substitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 60 billion gallons of groundwater are being proposed in water sales this year — either sold for profit or substituted for water sold for profit, according to a KQED analysis of documents filed with state and federal agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drawing the Battle Lines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Anthea Hansen took the podium at a crowded Merced County Board of Supervisors meeting, knowing she was facing a tough crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sorry to bring this issue to your board and cause such a ruckus,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re in crisis mode. I have trees I need to keep alive.’\u003ccite>— Anthea Hansen, Del Puerto Water District\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Hansen is the general manger of the Del Puerto Water District, which serves about 45,000 acres of farmland on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, an hour south of Stockton. But here she was, 50 miles away in Merced, telling the board why she needs to buy groundwater to save her district’s crops and orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in crisis mode,” she said. “I have trees I need to keep alive. We don’t need large quantities of water to do that. If that doesn’t happen, the trees are gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many water districts with the lowest-priority rights, “junior” water rights, Del Puerto’s normal water supply has dried up this year. Water levels in the federal reservoir system, known as the Central Valley Project, are too low to meet demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Hansen worked out a deal with two ranchers in Merced County. They would pump up to seven billion gallons of their groundwater, put it into canals, and sell it to Hansen’s farmers over two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is common practice,” Steve Sloan told the Merced Board of Supervisors at the same meeting. He’s one of the ranchers who stands to make millions from the deal. Under California’s system of water rights, he owns the groundwater under his property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water exchanges, water transfers have been done for over 30 years,” Sloan said. “This is how we survive collectively as an ag industry in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18545\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18545\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of Sloan’s neighbors don’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m within about a five-mile radius of where they’re going be doing the pumping. So, obviously I’m concerned,” Mike Gallo told the board. Gallo runs a farming operation near Sloan’s. “What’s gonna happen when you take this much water out of an aquifer? We’re on the same aquifer. I don’t know what it’s going to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billy Grissom, a farmer and cattle rancher who owns property near Sloan’s, also objected to the water sale. “Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain,” Grissom said. “When the water is gone, all the farming is gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re doing extensive monitoring,” Sloan responded. “We don’t want to damage the aquifer. We don’t want to damage our neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation is reviewing the water transfer because the water would move through federal infrastructure. In a preliminary report, the agency found there would be no significant environmental impact, though groundwater levels could be drawn down. While Merced County supervisors are also looking into the water transfer, they have little influence over the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Sales as Lifeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water transfer market is the only way we’re surviving right now,” said Lon Martin, assistant general manager of the San Luis Water District, another Central Valley district that has a zero water allocation this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain.’\u003ccite>— Billy Grissom, Farmer and Rancher\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Martin is walking among hundreds of uprooted almond trees near Los Banos; the orchard was ripped out because of the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hope that we don’t see any more of this,” he said. “Depending on the ability of the water district to bring water supplies — if we’re not successful with that, we may see more orchards taken offline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin says in a dry year like this one, there are fewer water transfers than usual, but one of the few large deals going through may help the trees in his district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine water districts north of Sacramento are planning to sell 26 billion gallons of water, about as much as San Francisco uses in a year. Farmers would fallow crops or would pump and use groundwater instead, freeing up their water in rivers and making it available for buyers down south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten water districts in the San Joaquin Valley would purchase the water, which is about half as much water as they’d tried to arrange to purchase in the transfer earlier this year. The deal is expected to cost $72 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are literally people with no water on their account, so this represents the only lifeline they have this year,” said Ara Azhderian, water policy administrator with the San Luis & Delta-Mendota Water Authority, which negotiated the water transfer for the San Joaquin Valley water districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Legal Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has neglected its groundwater,” says Barbara Vlamis, director of AquAlliance, a non-profit focused on the Sacramento watershed. Her group is suing to stop the water transfer over groundwater concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18544\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\" alt=\"An almond orchard that's been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orchards in the San Joaquin Valley need water every year just to keep trees alive. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You’re putting an added stress on the groundwater basin,” Vlamis said. “In the last year alone, there have been wells in Glenn County that have dropped 32 feet. Nineteen feet in Butte County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vlamis says the problem is that groundwater isn’t regulated in California, so state and federal agencies don’t have a full picture of the impact transfers can have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s shoddy,” she said. “The agencies that are so casual about moving water out of here need to truly analyze what they’re doing to this region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenge has raised anxiety levels for districts that were counting on purchasing the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a huge cloud of uncertainty,” Azhderian said. “You’ve got growers that not only have their livelihoods and farms at risk, but they have then dipped into stressed financial resources to make this transfer happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of California’s Water Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water transfers are a way of making water available to people that don’t have old, senior water rights,” said Ellen Hanak, senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers in California first emerged during the 1976-77 drought. “The idea was to stretch the available supplies and do the least economic harm,” Hanak said. “It made sense to allow the market signals to work and allow people to lease that water to folks that were able to pay more for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers have since become commonplace. Earlier this year, Governor Jerry Brown ordered state agencies to \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18496\">speed up their environmental review\u003c/a> of water transfers to help with the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As groundwater levels dropped dramatically in the Central Valley, concerns have emerged about any added pressure to pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley has experienced the highest levels of groundwater overdraft, but there’s also increased pumping in the Sacramento Valley, generally perceived to have plenty of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re seeing an expansion of orchard crops, including in places that did not used to be irrigated,” Hanak said, “and it’s relying on groundwater.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concerns over using groundwater in water transfers tie into larger challenges California is facing in monitoring and managing its underground reservoirs, Hanak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state will look carefully at a transfer to make sure that you aren’t selling water out of a river or lake that someone downstream of you would be using,” she said. “But because California does not have statewide regulation of groundwater, the state doesn’t have the possibility of easily making that assessment about groundwater use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties have taken matters into their own hands and have passed rules that effectively ban the sale of groundwater outside county lines. In Merced County, where controversy over the groundwater sale continues, county supervisors have said they’re looking into that policy.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"headTitle": "San Joaquin Named Nation’s Most Endangered River | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_132091\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/RS8937_Drought_JoshC-4304-lpr-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-132091\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/RS8937_Drought_JoshC-4304-lpr-1-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"A dry stretch of the San Joaquin River near Los Banos. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dry stretch of the San Joaquin River near Los Banos. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two California waterways — one a major Central Valley river, the other a Peninsula creek, and both the subject of controversy — are featured on \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanrivers.org/endangered-rivers/2014-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an annual list of the most endangered U.S. rivers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American Rivers, a conservation group dedicated to preserving and restoring wild streams across the country, named \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanrivers.org/endangered-rivers/2014-report/san-joaquin/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the San Joaquin River the nation’s No. 1 most endangered waterway\u003c/a>. San Francisquito Creek, a stream that runs from the Peninsula hills down through the campus of Stanford University into San Francisco Bay, is \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanrivers.org/endangered-rivers/2014-report/san-francisquito-creek/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 5 on the American Rivers list\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling the San Joaquin “endangered” is a bit of an understatement. Long stretches of the river have run dry since Friant Dam, northeast of Fresno, was completed in the late 1940s. The river is heavily tapped for the San Joaquin Valley’s farms and growing cities. And it’s the subject of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/03/brown-blasts-gop-drought-bill-as-divisive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an ongoing congressional battle\u003c/a> over a court-approved plan to restore flows to the river \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/audio/california-drought-one-more-setback-for-river-that-runs-dry/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to allow re-establishment of chinook salmon runs\u003c/a> wiped out when the river was dammed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American Rivers points out that the state of the San Joaquin is actually a Bay Area story. That’s because 2.5 million people in San Francisco, the Peninsula and southern Alameda County get water from the Tuolumne River, one of the San Joaquin’s big tributaries. (Through its Hetch Hetchy system, San Francisco also uses the Tuolumne to generate its municipal power supply.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the group’s summary of the threats the river faces:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Years of managing the San Joaquin for agriculture, hydropower, and flood control have taken their toll on the river. Dams, levees, and excessive water diversions have hurt river habitat and opportunities for recreation and community access. Over one hundred miles of the mainstem river have been dry for over fifty years, and water diversions along the tributaries take more than 70 percent of the natural flow. The river’s salmon and steelhead populations are on the brink of extinction. Excessive diversions, groundwater overdraft, and unsustainable water management have also made communities vulnerable to increasingly frequent and severe droughts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The present drought places additional stress on the river and its communities, but we must not allow the drought to force rash decisions — like cutting environmental protections — that will harm the river, fish and wildlife, and communities for years to come.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In naming San Francisquito Creek one of the most endangered streams in the country, American Rivers is drawing attention to a long-running battle over Stanford University’s Searsville Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, environmental groups \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201301300850/c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">filed suit over the dam\u003c/a>, which impounds a San Francisquito tributary called Corte Madera Creek, saying it impairs habitat for endangered steelhead trout. Conservation groups, including American Rivers, have banded together in a coalition called \u003ca href=\"http://www.beyondsearsvilledam.org/Beyond_Searsville_Dam/Home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Beyond Searsville Dam\u003c/a> to push for removal of the 65-foot-high, 1890s-era structure and restoration of steelhead spawning habitat. They argue that because the reservoir behind the dam is nearly completely silted in, the facility has outlived its usefulness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford, which uses the reservoir for nonpotable uses like landscape watering and fire protection, \u003ca href=\"http://news.stanford.edu/searsville/faqs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has argued \u003c/a>the facility still plays a key ecological role in the university’s\u003ca href=\"http://jrbp.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve\u003c/a> and that more study is needed before any decision on the dam’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reporting on California land policy, planning and conservation is supported by a grant from the S.D. Bechtel Jr. Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Conservationists call for action on Central Valley river. Peninsula stream also named as imperiled. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_132091\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/RS8937_Drought_JoshC-4304-lpr-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-132091\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/04/RS8937_Drought_JoshC-4304-lpr-1-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"A dry stretch of the San Joaquin River near Los Banos. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dry stretch of the San Joaquin River near Los Banos. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two California waterways — one a major Central Valley river, the other a Peninsula creek, and both the subject of controversy — are featured on \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanrivers.org/endangered-rivers/2014-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an annual list of the most endangered U.S. rivers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American Rivers, a conservation group dedicated to preserving and restoring wild streams across the country, named \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanrivers.org/endangered-rivers/2014-report/san-joaquin/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the San Joaquin River the nation’s No. 1 most endangered waterway\u003c/a>. San Francisquito Creek, a stream that runs from the Peninsula hills down through the campus of Stanford University into San Francisco Bay, is \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanrivers.org/endangered-rivers/2014-report/san-francisquito-creek/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 5 on the American Rivers list\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling the San Joaquin “endangered” is a bit of an understatement. Long stretches of the river have run dry since Friant Dam, northeast of Fresno, was completed in the late 1940s. The river is heavily tapped for the San Joaquin Valley’s farms and growing cities. And it’s the subject of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/03/brown-blasts-gop-drought-bill-as-divisive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an ongoing congressional battle\u003c/a> over a court-approved plan to restore flows to the river \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/audio/california-drought-one-more-setback-for-river-that-runs-dry/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to allow re-establishment of chinook salmon runs\u003c/a> wiped out when the river was dammed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American Rivers points out that the state of the San Joaquin is actually a Bay Area story. That’s because 2.5 million people in San Francisco, the Peninsula and southern Alameda County get water from the Tuolumne River, one of the San Joaquin’s big tributaries. (Through its Hetch Hetchy system, San Francisco also uses the Tuolumne to generate its municipal power supply.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the group’s summary of the threats the river faces:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Years of managing the San Joaquin for agriculture, hydropower, and flood control have taken their toll on the river. Dams, levees, and excessive water diversions have hurt river habitat and opportunities for recreation and community access. Over one hundred miles of the mainstem river have been dry for over fifty years, and water diversions along the tributaries take more than 70 percent of the natural flow. The river’s salmon and steelhead populations are on the brink of extinction. Excessive diversions, groundwater overdraft, and unsustainable water management have also made communities vulnerable to increasingly frequent and severe droughts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The present drought places additional stress on the river and its communities, but we must not allow the drought to force rash decisions — like cutting environmental protections — that will harm the river, fish and wildlife, and communities for years to come.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In naming San Francisquito Creek one of the most endangered streams in the country, American Rivers is drawing attention to a long-running battle over Stanford University’s Searsville Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, environmental groups \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201301300850/c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">filed suit over the dam\u003c/a>, which impounds a San Francisquito tributary called Corte Madera Creek, saying it impairs habitat for endangered steelhead trout. Conservation groups, including American Rivers, have banded together in a coalition called \u003ca href=\"http://www.beyondsearsvilledam.org/Beyond_Searsville_Dam/Home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Beyond Searsville Dam\u003c/a> to push for removal of the 65-foot-high, 1890s-era structure and restoration of steelhead spawning habitat. They argue that because the reservoir behind the dam is nearly completely silted in, the facility has outlived its usefulness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford, which uses the reservoir for nonpotable uses like landscape watering and fire protection, \u003ca href=\"http://news.stanford.edu/searsville/faqs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has argued \u003c/a>the facility still plays a key ecological role in the university’s\u003ca href=\"http://jrbp.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve\u003c/a> and that more study is needed before any decision on the dam’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reporting on California land policy, planning and conservation is supported by a grant from the S.D. Bechtel Jr. Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Drought Impacts Central Valley School Enrollment While Debate Over Relief Continues",
"title": "Drought Impacts Central Valley School Enrollment While Debate Over Relief Continues",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_129933\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/03/RS9385_467472193-lpr.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-129933\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/03/RS9385_467472193-lpr-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"A dog hangs around an abandoned farmhouse on February 6, 2014 near Bakersfield, California. (David McNew/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dog hangs around an abandoned farmhouse on Feb. 6, 2014, near Bakersfield. (David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While members of Congress visited Fresno on Wednesday to discuss what to do about California's dwindling water supply, state Superintendent of Public Instruction Tom Torlakson announced that the drought is beginning to impact school enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less planting means less demand for farm work, and some of the families of migrant workers are moving from the Central Valley to where there is work.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'What are parents going to do? At a certain point they’re going to leave.'\u003ccite> State Superintendent Tom Torlakson\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"'No water, no jobs.' We see those signs on the freeway, but that translates further to (if there are) no jobs, what are parents going to do? At a certain point they're going to leave,\" Torlakson told KQED's Central Bureau Chief Sasha Khokha in Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools receive funding based on student attendance, so when attendance drops, revenue normally does, too. Torlakson said that the state will provide aid to local districts seeing declining enrollment because of the drought. While the state won't provide new money, it will provide the funding school districts would have received if students had not left. Torlakson said the California Department of Education will work with school districts and state senators to determine what districts experience an enrollment decline due to the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The superintendent said the drought is affecting students and their families in other ways, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're also seeing the social impact of this crisis where families are doubling up. Farmworker families that have no work, two or three families are living in the same small space so those crowded conditions can lead to conflict, to stress, to the inability to concentrate and do your homework,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/140449652&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Farmers protest in Fresno\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Natural Resources Committee was greeted by hundreds of farmworkers at Fresno City Hall protesting what they say are unfair water allotments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some workers held signs that read, \"Warning: No Water! No Food!\" and, \"Water — the hub of life.\" Chants of \"Water! Water!\" rang out in English and Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven Republican members of the committee — and one Democrat — were on hand to hear statements from invited witnesses who mostly blasted federal policies relating to water shipments to San Joaquin Valley agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"fbd57e7a3f9916ede34c61a3d74f05d9\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Republicans passed a water bill earlier this year that would impose sweeping changes on California water law and suspend endangered species protections for fish, among other measures, to get more water shipped quickly through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Democrats in the Senate have passed a drought relief package without those provisions but focusing on how to transfer water more efficiently among rights-holders and provide emergency relief to communities hurt by the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Jim Costa of Fresno was the only Democrat to attend the meeting. In \u003ca href=\"http://costa.house.gov/index.php/2014-press-releases/1027-costa-cooperation-only-way-to-bring-valley-more-water\" target=\"_blank\">a statement\u003c/a> Tuesday, he called for a more bipartisan approach to dealing with the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is my hope that we will hear more about common ground and solutions that will bring more water to this valley instead of rehashing the tired, partisan battles over California water,\" Costa wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But several California Republicans in Congress \u003ca href=\"http://mavensnotebook.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/CA-Delegation-Letter-FINAL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">sent a letter\u003c/a> on Tuesday to President Obama and Gov. Jerry Brown urging them to act now to get more water to the valley. Regulations aimed at protecting endangered fish allowed 445,000 acre-feet of water from February rains to be lost into the ocean, the letter said. House Majority Whip Kevin McCarthy, who was among 13 to sign the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given that communities in Central and Southern California are struggling to meet water needs and farmers are fallowing hundreds of thousands of acres of land that feed our state and country,\" the letter said, \"loss of this water is absolutely unacceptable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Could a new reservoir help?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the town of Maxwell, in the Sacramento Valley, Democratic Rep. John Garamendi and Republican Rep. Doug LaMalfa announced a bill proposing to build a new reservoir north of Sacramento. With a storage capacity of 1.9 million acre-feet, it would be about the same size as the San Luis Reservoir near Los Banos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal, which has been studied for years, is to wall off a remote valley just about halfway between Sacramento and Redding, and fill it with water from the Sacramento River when runoff is high. They hope construction can start next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the bill would not guarantee federal funding for the reservoir, which the lawmakers say will cost between $2 billion and $3 billion, although they said federal money could be available later. Likely sources of money are local water districts that will benefit from the reservoir and a state bond that is being negotiated for the November ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from Sasha Khokha, Craig Miller and Mina Kim of KQED News, and the Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_129933\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/03/RS9385_467472193-lpr.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-129933\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/03/RS9385_467472193-lpr-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"A dog hangs around an abandoned farmhouse on February 6, 2014 near Bakersfield, California. (David McNew/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dog hangs around an abandoned farmhouse on Feb. 6, 2014, near Bakersfield. (David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While members of Congress visited Fresno on Wednesday to discuss what to do about California's dwindling water supply, state Superintendent of Public Instruction Tom Torlakson announced that the drought is beginning to impact school enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less planting means less demand for farm work, and some of the families of migrant workers are moving from the Central Valley to where there is work.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'What are parents going to do? At a certain point they’re going to leave.'\u003ccite> State Superintendent Tom Torlakson\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"'No water, no jobs.' We see those signs on the freeway, but that translates further to (if there are) no jobs, what are parents going to do? At a certain point they're going to leave,\" Torlakson told KQED's Central Bureau Chief Sasha Khokha in Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools receive funding based on student attendance, so when attendance drops, revenue normally does, too. Torlakson said that the state will provide aid to local districts seeing declining enrollment because of the drought. While the state won't provide new money, it will provide the funding school districts would have received if students had not left. Torlakson said the California Department of Education will work with school districts and state senators to determine what districts experience an enrollment decline due to the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The superintendent said the drought is affecting students and their families in other ways, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're also seeing the social impact of this crisis where families are doubling up. Farmworker families that have no work, two or three families are living in the same small space so those crowded conditions can lead to conflict, to stress, to the inability to concentrate and do your homework,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/140449652&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Farmers protest in Fresno\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Natural Resources Committee was greeted by hundreds of farmworkers at Fresno City Hall protesting what they say are unfair water allotments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some workers held signs that read, \"Warning: No Water! No Food!\" and, \"Water — the hub of life.\" Chants of \"Water! Water!\" rang out in English and Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven Republican members of the committee — and one Democrat — were on hand to hear statements from invited witnesses who mostly blasted federal policies relating to water shipments to San Joaquin Valley agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Republicans passed a water bill earlier this year that would impose sweeping changes on California water law and suspend endangered species protections for fish, among other measures, to get more water shipped quickly through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Democrats in the Senate have passed a drought relief package without those provisions but focusing on how to transfer water more efficiently among rights-holders and provide emergency relief to communities hurt by the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Jim Costa of Fresno was the only Democrat to attend the meeting. In \u003ca href=\"http://costa.house.gov/index.php/2014-press-releases/1027-costa-cooperation-only-way-to-bring-valley-more-water\" target=\"_blank\">a statement\u003c/a> Tuesday, he called for a more bipartisan approach to dealing with the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is my hope that we will hear more about common ground and solutions that will bring more water to this valley instead of rehashing the tired, partisan battles over California water,\" Costa wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But several California Republicans in Congress \u003ca href=\"http://mavensnotebook.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/CA-Delegation-Letter-FINAL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">sent a letter\u003c/a> on Tuesday to President Obama and Gov. Jerry Brown urging them to act now to get more water to the valley. Regulations aimed at protecting endangered fish allowed 445,000 acre-feet of water from February rains to be lost into the ocean, the letter said. House Majority Whip Kevin McCarthy, who was among 13 to sign the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given that communities in Central and Southern California are struggling to meet water needs and farmers are fallowing hundreds of thousands of acres of land that feed our state and country,\" the letter said, \"loss of this water is absolutely unacceptable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Could a new reservoir help?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the town of Maxwell, in the Sacramento Valley, Democratic Rep. John Garamendi and Republican Rep. Doug LaMalfa announced a bill proposing to build a new reservoir north of Sacramento. With a storage capacity of 1.9 million acre-feet, it would be about the same size as the San Luis Reservoir near Los Banos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal, which has been studied for years, is to wall off a remote valley just about halfway between Sacramento and Redding, and fill it with water from the Sacramento River when runoff is high. They hope construction can start next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the bill would not guarantee federal funding for the reservoir, which the lawmakers say will cost between $2 billion and $3 billion, although they said federal money could be available later. Likely sources of money are local water districts that will benefit from the reservoir and a state bond that is being negotiated for the November ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from Sasha Khokha, Craig Miller and Mina Kim of KQED News, and the Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2014/02/2014-02-21b-tcrmag.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal water managers have announced some Central Valley farms won't get any water this year unless the drought lets up. It's a dramatic move, and it comes just a couple weeks after state water managers warned they won't be sending water to customers. This could mean hundreds of thousands of acres of farmland left fallow and mass unemployment in agricultural regions. We talk with Central Valley bureau chief Sasha Khokha to assess what this means going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RACHAEL MYROW:\u003c/strong> Sasha, thank you for talking with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SASHA KHOKHA:\u003c/strong> Hi Rachael.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MYROW:\u003c/strong> So, who’s getting zero water this year?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KHOKHA:\u003c/strong> Well, some farms south of the Delta won’t get any water from federal reservoirs, according to these projections. And for some of them, it’s not the first year that they’ve heard this kind of projection from the feds. But for other farmers, this is unprecedented. Some of them with water rights dating clear back to the 1870s have never had these kinds of cuts, and they’re being told they’re going to get less than half of the water they were expecting this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MYROW:\u003c/strong> So what are farmers going to do about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KHOKHA:\u003c/strong> Put in more wells, pump deeper. But we know groundwater is a finite resource, too, so they may try to buy water from other farmers at a steep price. They are facing some really hard choices. I mean, they may be leaving acres unplanted or pulling out trees. I talked to Fresno County Agricultural Commissioner Les Wright about the announcement, and he said it’s taking not only a financial but an emotional toll on farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>WRIGHT: A lot of times you can see the end, you can struggle a few more months and hang on to the cowherd or whatever. Right now they’re not seeing an end to this and that’s the biggest fear out there.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KHOKHA:\u003c/strong> So, there is some hope if we get some more rain and snow, that farmers could get a little bit of water from federal projects this year. But we won’t know that until April, that’s when the feds are expected to make their final projections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MYROW:\u003c/strong> Central Valley Bureau Chief Sasha Khokha, watching the skies above Fresno looking for rain. Thank you for talking with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/21/federal-water-project-announces-deep-drought-cuts/?__utma=34673459.739017076.1410545003.1410545003.1410545003.3&__utmb=34673459.245.10.1410547315&__utmc=34673459&__utmx=-&__utmz=34673459.1410547315.3.2.utmcsr=google%7Cutmccn=%28organic%29%7Cutmcmd=organic%7Cutmctr=%28not%20provided%29&__utmv=-&__utmk=181593509\" target=\"_blank\">Key California Water Project Announces Drastic Cuts as Drought Deepens\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/california-drought-watch/\" target=\"_blank\">Drought Watch 2014\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2014/02/2014-02-21b-tcrmag.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal water managers have announced some Central Valley farms won't get any water this year unless the drought lets up. It's a dramatic move, and it comes just a couple weeks after state water managers warned they won't be sending water to customers. This could mean hundreds of thousands of acres of farmland left fallow and mass unemployment in agricultural regions. We talk with Central Valley bureau chief Sasha Khokha to assess what this means going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RACHAEL MYROW:\u003c/strong> Sasha, thank you for talking with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SASHA KHOKHA:\u003c/strong> Hi Rachael.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MYROW:\u003c/strong> So, who’s getting zero water this year?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KHOKHA:\u003c/strong> Well, some farms south of the Delta won’t get any water from federal reservoirs, according to these projections. And for some of them, it’s not the first year that they’ve heard this kind of projection from the feds. But for other farmers, this is unprecedented. Some of them with water rights dating clear back to the 1870s have never had these kinds of cuts, and they’re being told they’re going to get less than half of the water they were expecting this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MYROW:\u003c/strong> So what are farmers going to do about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KHOKHA:\u003c/strong> Put in more wells, pump deeper. But we know groundwater is a finite resource, too, so they may try to buy water from other farmers at a steep price. They are facing some really hard choices. I mean, they may be leaving acres unplanted or pulling out trees. I talked to Fresno County Agricultural Commissioner Les Wright about the announcement, and he said it’s taking not only a financial but an emotional toll on farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>WRIGHT: A lot of times you can see the end, you can struggle a few more months and hang on to the cowherd or whatever. Right now they’re not seeing an end to this and that’s the biggest fear out there.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KHOKHA:\u003c/strong> So, there is some hope if we get some more rain and snow, that farmers could get a little bit of water from federal projects this year. But we won’t know that until April, that’s when the feds are expected to make their final projections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MYROW:\u003c/strong> Central Valley Bureau Chief Sasha Khokha, watching the skies above Fresno looking for rain. Thank you for talking with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/21/federal-water-project-announces-deep-drought-cuts/?__utma=34673459.739017076.1410545003.1410545003.1410545003.3&__utmb=34673459.245.10.1410547315&__utmc=34673459&__utmx=-&__utmz=34673459.1410547315.3.2.utmcsr=google%7Cutmccn=%28organic%29%7Cutmcmd=organic%7Cutmctr=%28not%20provided%29&__utmv=-&__utmk=181593509\" target=\"_blank\">Key California Water Project Announces Drastic Cuts as Drought Deepens\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/california-drought-watch/\" target=\"_blank\">Drought Watch 2014\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Egg, Dairy Producers Win Big in Farm Bill",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/132102068&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&visual=true\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s more than two years late, but California farmers say they’re relieved the House of Representatives has finally passed a compromise farm bill, one that is expected to clear the Senate in the next few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $100 billion-a-year bill includes some key provisions sought by state farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Farm Bureau President Paul Wenger says he’s pleased that one amendment didn’t make it into the bill. It would have allowed chicken ranchers in other states to sell eggs here without following California's voter-approved, animal welfare rules. The rules require that chickens be able to open their wings fully, and stand up, lie down, or move around freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important that if producers in California are going to be held to this standard, any other egg sold in California have to meet that standard,\" Wenger said. \"Otherwise our local egg production would go out of business because they would not be able to compete with imported eggs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Sumner, director of the Agricultural Issues Center at UC Davis, says this may not be the end of the pressure against California’s egg law. Given that it dictates certain aspects of how farmers in other states can produce eggs for sale here, the law may still face constitutional challenges on commerce clause grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it certainly helps California egg producers not to have that in the farm bill,” he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\"> Soaring feed prices have driven the closure of more than 400 California dairies over the last few years. \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One of the changes that has happened over the last decade or so and that continues with this year’s farm bill is the shift from subsidies to crop insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also creates a new insurance program that will benefit dairies in the state, Sumner says. Soaring feed prices have driven the closure of more than 400 California dairies over the last few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sumner says the program “gives industry some security that they can literally take to the bank. In other words, when they’re getting a production loan, they can go to banker and say, ‘My downside’s covered by this insurance provision.’ That will help them keep their operations financed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An effort failed to amend the farm bill to get extra water to farmers who may have to fallow land because of the drought. That’s not surprising, Sumner says, given that it was a last-minute effort to change a compromise that got nailed down in December. And it would have been a controversial amendment, diverting water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta for farms, and stalling restoration of the San Joaquin river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The developments in the California drought really, in a sense, happened too late for this farm bill,” Sumner says. “So to add one more provision that was very complicated was going to be a tough one. As you can imagine there would have been lots of people on either side of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, he says, the drought is actually a much bigger concern for California farmers than farm subsidies. Most farm bill subsidies were designed for agriculture in the South and Midwest, he says, and California fruit, vegetable and tree nut farmers have largely rejected subsidies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California fruit and vegetable and tree nut industry has probably prospered more without all the subsidies and the rules that go with them,” Sumner says, “than have the industries with the government programs. That may seem counterintuitive somehow, but as usual, it’s not just free money, and the fruit and vegetable folks knew that.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Sumner, director of the Agricultural Issues Center at UC Davis, says this may not be the end of the pressure against California’s egg law. Given that it dictates certain aspects of how farmers in other states can produce eggs for sale here, the law may still face constitutional challenges on commerce clause grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it certainly helps California egg producers not to have that in the farm bill,” he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\"> Soaring feed prices have driven the closure of more than 400 California dairies over the last few years. \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One of the changes that has happened over the last decade or so and that continues with this year’s farm bill is the shift from subsidies to crop insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also creates a new insurance program that will benefit dairies in the state, Sumner says. Soaring feed prices have driven the closure of more than 400 California dairies over the last few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sumner says the program “gives industry some security that they can literally take to the bank. In other words, when they’re getting a production loan, they can go to banker and say, ‘My downside’s covered by this insurance provision.’ That will help them keep their operations financed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An effort failed to amend the farm bill to get extra water to farmers who may have to fallow land because of the drought. That’s not surprising, Sumner says, given that it was a last-minute effort to change a compromise that got nailed down in December. And it would have been a controversial amendment, diverting water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta for farms, and stalling restoration of the San Joaquin river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The developments in the California drought really, in a sense, happened too late for this farm bill,” Sumner says. “So to add one more provision that was very complicated was going to be a tough one. As you can imagine there would have been lots of people on either side of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, he says, the drought is actually a much bigger concern for California farmers than farm subsidies. Most farm bill subsidies were designed for agriculture in the South and Midwest, he says, and California fruit, vegetable and tree nut farmers have largely rejected subsidies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California fruit and vegetable and tree nut industry has probably prospered more without all the subsidies and the rules that go with them,” Sumner says, “than have the industries with the government programs. That may seem counterintuitive somehow, but as usual, it’s not just free money, and the fruit and vegetable folks knew that.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Remembering Pete Seeger and His Days in California",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">\u003ciframe src=\"//www.youtube.com/embed/BcbqCssiBUc?list=PLyvp1V0Vcqf9bh5jUPsHGgT-NlBLOC71I\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Legendary folk singer and social activist Pete Seeger has been inspiring Californians since his earliest days as a traveling banjo player.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeger died Monday in a New York hospital at the age of 94.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pete Seeger came to California in 1940 to play a benefit concert for migrant farmworkers. And it was then he met singer, songwriter and activist \u003ca href=\"http://www.woodyguthrie.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Woody Guthrie\u003c/a>. The two became traveling and singing companions, campaigning for farmworker justice two decades before the movement rose to national prominence, says United Farm Workers spokesman Marc Grossman. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'I think he believed that music could cut through all of those things that make us afraid of one another.'\u003ccite>— Holly Near\u003cbr>\non folksinger Pete Seeger\u003c/cite> \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Grossman was the personal aide and press secretary to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ufw.org/_page.php?menu=research&inc=history/07.html\" target=\"_blank\">Cesar Chavez\u003c/a> for more than two decades. He says Chavez met Guthrie at about the same time Seeger did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cesar was just a kid then, maybe 13 or 14 years old,” Grossman says, “when Guthrie, this legendary folksinger and songwriter, would visit and sing songs and support strikes in the farm labor camps in the lower Central Valley, where Cesar and his family sometimes lived when they were migrant farmworkers during the Depression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1960s, Seeger and Guthrie, along with artists like \u003ca href=\"http://www.joanbaez.com/officialbio08.html\" target=\"_blank\">Joan Baez \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.peterpaulandmary.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Peter, Paul, and Mary\u003c/a>, helped elevate the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ufw.org/\" target=\"_blank\">United Farm Workers\u003c/a> movement to national consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_124672\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/90330705.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-124672\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/90330705-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Pete Seeger at a 2009 performance in New York City. (Astrid Stawiarz/Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pete Seeger at a 2009 performance in New York City. (Astrid Stawiarz/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Seeger would plug the union's grape boycotts wherever he could, Grossman says, and would sometimes attend UFW events in the Midwest and East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’d sing ‘Nosotros Venceremos,’ the Spanish version of ‘We Shall Overcome,’ that Cesar and the UFW adopted in the 1960s,” Grossman says. “We felt blessed that among the many righteous causes that Pete Seeger championed over the decades was La Causa, the farmworkers’ cause.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/episodes/pete-seegers-90th-birthday-celebration-from-madison-square-garden/we-shall-overcome/820/\" target=\"_blank\">We Shall Overcome\u003c/a>” is one of Seeger’s most famous tunes, adapted from an old gospel song. Here is the story of how the song became a protest anthem, as related by The New York Times:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Like many of Mr. Seeger’s songs, “We Shall Overcome” had convoluted traditional roots. It was based on old gospel songs, primarily “I’ll Overcome,” a hymn that striking tobacco workers had sung on a picket line in South Carolina. A slower version, “We Will Overcome,” was collected from one of the workers, Lucille Simmons, by Zilphia Horton, the musical director of the Highlander Folk School in Monteagle, Tenn., which trained union organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Horton taught it to Mr. Seeger, and her version of “We Will Overcome” was published in the People’s Songs newsletter. Mr. Seeger changed “We will” to “We shall” and added verses (“We’ll walk hand in hand”). He taught it to the singers Frank Hamilton, who would join the Weavers in 1962, and Guy Carawan, who became musical director at Highlander in the ‘50s. Mr. Carawan taught the song to the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee at its founding convention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The song was copyrighted by Mr. Seeger, Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Carawan and Ms. Horton. “At that time we didn’t know Lucille Simmons’s name,” Mr. Seeger wrote in his 1993 autobiography, “Where Have All the Flowers Gone.” All of the song’s royalties go to the “We Shall Overcome” Fund, administered by what is now the \u003ca href=\"http://highlandercenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Highlander Research and Education Center\u003c/a>, which provides grants to African-Americans organizing in the South.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Seeger inspired generations of folk musicians and activists, with his commitment to peace, community, and the labor movement. And it was at a concert in San Francisco where 10-year-old aspiring folk singer Holly Near first heard Seeger, along with Ronnie Gilbert, Lee Hays and Fred Hellerman, in the pioneering folk group \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/americanrootsmusic/pbs_arm_saa_weavers.html\" target=\"_blank\">The Weavers\u003c/a>. Near says folk music was popular in her childhood home. Her father built a specially sized mailbox to receive LPs, and her mother would go through catalogs and order albums by \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/03/arts/music/03odetta.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">Odetta\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/episodes/paul-robeson/about-the-actor/66/\" target=\"_blank\">Paul Robeson\u003c/a> and The Weavers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My siblings and I would all sing all the parts. We knew the words to every single song and we would dance around and sing,\" Near says, then breaks into the opening line from The Weavers' \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.peterpaulandmary.com/music/05-07.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Wasn't That a Time\u003c/a>\": “Our fathers bled at Valley Forge. ... ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I'm sure as an 8-year-old I had no idea what that meant,” she says, laughing, “but it was so exciting, those voices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near says she had no idea back then that she would sing with Seeger on and off through much of her life. She says Seeger often invited younger musicians like her to join him, and there's likely hardly a folk musician in California who hasn't shared the stage with him at some point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was eager to join in the antiwar and civil rights causes of the 1960s, she says, and would sing for causes across political boundaries, like a fundraiser he did for children in Lebanon at a time when the Arab community couldn’t find artists who would support their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He felt that everyone should be given a chance to respond to a song,” Near says. “Even on his banjo it says, ‘This machine surrounds hate and forces it to surrender.’ I think he believed that music could cut through all of those things that make us afraid of one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the McCarthy era, Seeger and other members of the Weavers were accused of belonging to the Communist Party — true in Seeger's case, though he had quit by the time the charge was made — and they would sometimes arrive for concerts to find they were barred from playing. One such episode occurred in Ohio, when a 1951 Weavers appearance at the state fair was canceled. Near says that decades later, when she was touring with Seeger, Ronnie Gilbert and Arlo Guthrie, “the governor of Ohio — must have been 50 years later — invited Pete and Ronnie to come forward, and he did a public apology to them for Ohio’s historic error. It was very, very beautiful to see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near says now is a time to play Pete Seeger's music, sing, dance and feel the joy of having shared the planet with him for so many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been an honor and a pleasure to be with such an extraordinary musician and thinker and lover of the world,” she says, and then starts laughing. “I was laughing, thinking that there’s such an unusual footprint that he’s left that archaeologists are going to see it and wonder, 'What creature is this? And we’re his descendants.' ”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">\u003ciframe src=\"//www.youtube.com/embed/BcbqCssiBUc?list=PLyvp1V0Vcqf9bh5jUPsHGgT-NlBLOC71I\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Legendary folk singer and social activist Pete Seeger has been inspiring Californians since his earliest days as a traveling banjo player.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeger died Monday in a New York hospital at the age of 94.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pete Seeger came to California in 1940 to play a benefit concert for migrant farmworkers. And it was then he met singer, songwriter and activist \u003ca href=\"http://www.woodyguthrie.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Woody Guthrie\u003c/a>. The two became traveling and singing companions, campaigning for farmworker justice two decades before the movement rose to national prominence, says United Farm Workers spokesman Marc Grossman. \u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'I think he believed that music could cut through all of those things that make us afraid of one another.'\u003ccite>— Holly Near\u003cbr>\non folksinger Pete Seeger\u003c/cite> \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Grossman was the personal aide and press secretary to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ufw.org/_page.php?menu=research&inc=history/07.html\" target=\"_blank\">Cesar Chavez\u003c/a> for more than two decades. He says Chavez met Guthrie at about the same time Seeger did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cesar was just a kid then, maybe 13 or 14 years old,” Grossman says, “when Guthrie, this legendary folksinger and songwriter, would visit and sing songs and support strikes in the farm labor camps in the lower Central Valley, where Cesar and his family sometimes lived when they were migrant farmworkers during the Depression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1960s, Seeger and Guthrie, along with artists like \u003ca href=\"http://www.joanbaez.com/officialbio08.html\" target=\"_blank\">Joan Baez \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.peterpaulandmary.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Peter, Paul, and Mary\u003c/a>, helped elevate the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ufw.org/\" target=\"_blank\">United Farm Workers\u003c/a> movement to national consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_124672\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/90330705.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-124672\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/90330705-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Pete Seeger at a 2009 performance in New York City. (Astrid Stawiarz/Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pete Seeger at a 2009 performance in New York City. (Astrid Stawiarz/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Seeger would plug the union's grape boycotts wherever he could, Grossman says, and would sometimes attend UFW events in the Midwest and East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’d sing ‘Nosotros Venceremos,’ the Spanish version of ‘We Shall Overcome,’ that Cesar and the UFW adopted in the 1960s,” Grossman says. “We felt blessed that among the many righteous causes that Pete Seeger championed over the decades was La Causa, the farmworkers’ cause.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/episodes/pete-seegers-90th-birthday-celebration-from-madison-square-garden/we-shall-overcome/820/\" target=\"_blank\">We Shall Overcome\u003c/a>” is one of Seeger’s most famous tunes, adapted from an old gospel song. Here is the story of how the song became a protest anthem, as related by The New York Times:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Like many of Mr. Seeger’s songs, “We Shall Overcome” had convoluted traditional roots. It was based on old gospel songs, primarily “I’ll Overcome,” a hymn that striking tobacco workers had sung on a picket line in South Carolina. A slower version, “We Will Overcome,” was collected from one of the workers, Lucille Simmons, by Zilphia Horton, the musical director of the Highlander Folk School in Monteagle, Tenn., which trained union organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ms. Horton taught it to Mr. Seeger, and her version of “We Will Overcome” was published in the People’s Songs newsletter. Mr. Seeger changed “We will” to “We shall” and added verses (“We’ll walk hand in hand”). He taught it to the singers Frank Hamilton, who would join the Weavers in 1962, and Guy Carawan, who became musical director at Highlander in the ‘50s. Mr. Carawan taught the song to the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee at its founding convention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The song was copyrighted by Mr. Seeger, Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Carawan and Ms. Horton. “At that time we didn’t know Lucille Simmons’s name,” Mr. Seeger wrote in his 1993 autobiography, “Where Have All the Flowers Gone.” All of the song’s royalties go to the “We Shall Overcome” Fund, administered by what is now the \u003ca href=\"http://highlandercenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Highlander Research and Education Center\u003c/a>, which provides grants to African-Americans organizing in the South.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Seeger inspired generations of folk musicians and activists, with his commitment to peace, community, and the labor movement. And it was at a concert in San Francisco where 10-year-old aspiring folk singer Holly Near first heard Seeger, along with Ronnie Gilbert, Lee Hays and Fred Hellerman, in the pioneering folk group \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/americanrootsmusic/pbs_arm_saa_weavers.html\" target=\"_blank\">The Weavers\u003c/a>. Near says folk music was popular in her childhood home. Her father built a specially sized mailbox to receive LPs, and her mother would go through catalogs and order albums by \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/03/arts/music/03odetta.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">Odetta\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/episodes/paul-robeson/about-the-actor/66/\" target=\"_blank\">Paul Robeson\u003c/a> and The Weavers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My siblings and I would all sing all the parts. We knew the words to every single song and we would dance around and sing,\" Near says, then breaks into the opening line from The Weavers' \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.peterpaulandmary.com/music/05-07.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Wasn't That a Time\u003c/a>\": “Our fathers bled at Valley Forge. ... ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I'm sure as an 8-year-old I had no idea what that meant,” she says, laughing, “but it was so exciting, those voices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near says she had no idea back then that she would sing with Seeger on and off through much of her life. She says Seeger often invited younger musicians like her to join him, and there's likely hardly a folk musician in California who hasn't shared the stage with him at some point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was eager to join in the antiwar and civil rights causes of the 1960s, she says, and would sing for causes across political boundaries, like a fundraiser he did for children in Lebanon at a time when the Arab community couldn’t find artists who would support their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He felt that everyone should be given a chance to respond to a song,” Near says. “Even on his banjo it says, ‘This machine surrounds hate and forces it to surrender.’ I think he believed that music could cut through all of those things that make us afraid of one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the McCarthy era, Seeger and other members of the Weavers were accused of belonging to the Communist Party — true in Seeger's case, though he had quit by the time the charge was made — and they would sometimes arrive for concerts to find they were barred from playing. One such episode occurred in Ohio, when a 1951 Weavers appearance at the state fair was canceled. Near says that decades later, when she was touring with Seeger, Ronnie Gilbert and Arlo Guthrie, “the governor of Ohio — must have been 50 years later — invited Pete and Ronnie to come forward, and he did a public apology to them for Ohio’s historic error. It was very, very beautiful to see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near says now is a time to play Pete Seeger's music, sing, dance and feel the joy of having shared the planet with him for so many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been an honor and a pleasure to be with such an extraordinary musician and thinker and lover of the world,” she says, and then starts laughing. “I was laughing, thinking that there’s such an unusual footprint that he’s left that archaeologists are going to see it and wonder, 'What creature is this? And we’re his descendants.' ”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_124338\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1028px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/106955504.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-124338\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/01/106955504-1028x685.jpg\" alt=\"Rep. Kevin McCarthy, a Republican from Bakersfield and House majority whip, says he'd favor a path to some form of legalization for undocumented immigrants, but not citizenship. (Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images) \" width=\"1028\" height=\"685\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Kevin McCarthy, a Republican from Bakersfield and House majority whip, says he'd favor a path to some form of legalization for undocumented immigrants, but not citizenship. (Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As House Republicans prepare to wrestle with their differences on immigration at an annual retreat next week, one GOP lawmaker from the Central Valley is signaling there may be movement on an issue that has split the party. At the same time, a high-profile group of bipartisan leaders \u003ca href=\"http://bipartisanpolicy.org/events/2014/01/immigration-demographic-trends-and-national-security-imperatives\" target=\"_blank\">met in Silicon Valley Thursday\u003c/a> to unveil a report showing immigrants are key to a robust U.S. economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://bipartisanpolicy.org/library/report/immigration-america%E2%80%99s-demographic-edge\" target=\"_blank\">report by the Bipartisan Policy Center\u003c/a> was released by former Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and former Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff, both Republicans, and former Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Henry Cisneros, a Democrat. They argued that America’s population is aging and needs immigrants to keep the labor force growing. A healthy economy, in turn, will enable the United States to maintain its global political and military preeminence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Immigrants not only add to the sheer numbers — so they continue the growth process,” said Cisneros, “but they tend to be younger — therefore they form families, therefore they have children, so they create the generation to come.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice said she hoped to counteract what she called a misperception that immigrants are a drag on the economy. If Americans and their elected leaders understood the demographic and economic realities, they would be more likely to support comprehensive immigration reform, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The message seemed calculated to give House Republicans a nudge — and possible political cover — as they hash out their differences in what GOP leaders hope will lead to \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2014/01/comprehensive-immigration-reform-republicans-gop-agenda-102537.html\" target=\"_blank\">a series of immigration bills this year\u003c/a>. Some moderate and pro-business Republicans favor a path to citizenship for undocumented immigrants, while Tea Party conservatives say they regard most forms of legalization as amnesty for lawbreakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Kevin McCarthy, of Bakersfield, said earlier this week that he favors a path to legal status but not citizenship. McCarthy, who as majority whip is No. 3 in the GOP's House leadership, signaled that provisional legalization may be part of a set of immigration principles that Republican leaders plan to release before next week's retreat. Those principles are being drafted by House Speaker John Boehner’s staff, including his new immigration policy staffer, Becky Tallent, whom Boehner recently hired away from the very same Bipartisan Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/131081955&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&show_artwork=true\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"disqusTitle": "The Chicana First Lady of Song",
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"content": "\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some call Fresno’s Carmencristina Moreno the “Chicana First Lady of Song.” The 74-year old performer has been strumming a guitar and singing since she was 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was born into the music,” she says. “When I was born, my parents were already singing radio stars in Los Angeles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10341630\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 543px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/5-El-Dueto-de-los-Moreno-with-one-guitar.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10341630 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/5-El-Dueto-de-los-Moreno-with-one-guitar.jpg\" alt=\"El Dueto Los Moreno in the 1930s. (photo courtesy Carmencristina Moreno) \" width=\"543\" height=\"818\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/5-El-Dueto-de-los-Moreno-with-one-guitar.jpg 543w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/5-El-Dueto-de-los-Moreno-with-one-guitar-400x602.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 543px) 100vw, 543px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">El Dueto Los Moreno in the 1930s. (photo courtesy Carmencristina Moreno)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moreno’s parents were pioneers of California’s Mexican music scene in the 1930s, playing guitar and singing together on early morning radio networks, the only time slots that allowed music in Spanish on L.A.’s airwaves. They performed as “El Dueto de los Moreno,” sometimes accompanied by mariachis. Her father, Luis Moreno, composed about 300 songs in the ranchera tradition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I inherited two kingdoms,” she says, strumming her guitar. “The kingdom of songs of my father, and all those beautiful soft songs in English,” says Moreno, who remembers listening to Ethel Merman and music from Broadway shows as a child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreno also remembers her mother, Carmen, leaving on tour, wearing elaborate costume jewelry and embroidered skirts. Her father, Luis, had a pencil-thin mustache that peeked out from under a wide mariachi hat. He had come to the U.S. as a young man in 1919, escaping the Mexican revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was wounded in the revolution,” Moreno says. “My brother and I used to touch the bullet hole scars on his rib cage on his right side, and on his thigh where he was shot and left for dead.”\u003cbr>\nBut Luis Moreno, who was largely illiterate, didn’t make much money on his songs, even those that were recorded by stars like Pedro Infante and went on to become super hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would present a work-for-hire paper for him to sign, in English, relinquishing all the rights,” says Moreno. “They would dangle 10, 15 dollars in front of him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreno’s parents eventually moved to Fresno, where they became farmworkers to supplement their musical income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreno went on to act in Hollywood, and recorded with major labels as “Carmen.” But she couldn’t accept the stereotypical roles available to Latina actresses in the 1970s. And she refused to anglicize her name or ignore her Mexican musical heritage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I figured, if I’m going to do my own thing, I’m going to do my own thang, honey, and I’m going to do it and sing about what I want to,” she says. She formed her own independent label, and financed herself. She struggled as a single mom, raising three kids as a musician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was not above getting a gig in a Mexican restaurant, with a sound system, with a tip jar, and singing all the music that my parents had taught me. I worked in every taco joint in the Coachella Valley,” Moreno laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She wasn’t willing to sacrifice her musical principles. She marched to her own guitar, or guitarra,” laughs Dr. Manuel Peña, a retired professor of ethnomusicology from Fresno State and UT Austin who specializes in Chicano music. He compares Carmencristina Moreno to stars like \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=127033025\" target=\"_blank\">Lydia Mendoza\u003c/a> or Linda Ronstadt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They attained more notoriety and fame, but Carmencristina is every bit their equal,” says Peña. “She’s right up there with the foremost of our Mexican-American artists.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What makes Moreno different, he says, is the way she sets lyrics in English to a musical framework rooted in Mexican ranchera music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s hard-core, working-class Mexicano music. But there are other layers of musical development that are superimposed over that ranchera core. That fusion or synthesis, really. She is not the only one to do this, but she is unique in doing it with a single voice and a guitar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmencristina Moreno was awarded the nation’s highest folk art honor when she was named a \u003ca href=\"http://arts.gov/honors/heritage\" target=\"_blank\">National Endowment for the Arts National Heritage Fellow\u003c/a> in 2003. The award recognized her musical contributions to the farmworker movement, and her project\u003ca href=\"http://arts.gov/honors/heritage/fellows/carmencristina-moreno\" target=\"_blank\"> teaching Mexican and U.S. history through music\u003c/a> in Central Valley schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, at close to 75, Carmencristina Moreno is not slowing down, though she’s survived breast cancer and is nursing a shoulder injury after 60 years of holding an acoustic guitar. She’s finishing a book about her father’s experience in the Mexican Revolution, which includes 2 CDs. She lives in her parents’ ramshackle house surrounded by raisin vineyards and almond trees, still composing and playing guitar every day, and taking whatever gigs she can get.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can only say Carmencristina richly deserves to be known,” says Peña. “She’s like the treasure of the San Joaquin that hasn’t been discovered yet.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some call Fresno’s Carmencristina Moreno the “Chicana First Lady of Song.” The 74-year old performer has been strumming a guitar and singing since she was 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was born into the music,” she says. “When I was born, my parents were already singing radio stars in Los Angeles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10341630\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 543px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/5-El-Dueto-de-los-Moreno-with-one-guitar.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10341630 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/5-El-Dueto-de-los-Moreno-with-one-guitar.jpg\" alt=\"El Dueto Los Moreno in the 1930s. (photo courtesy Carmencristina Moreno) \" width=\"543\" height=\"818\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/5-El-Dueto-de-los-Moreno-with-one-guitar.jpg 543w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/5-El-Dueto-de-los-Moreno-with-one-guitar-400x602.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 543px) 100vw, 543px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">El Dueto Los Moreno in the 1930s. (photo courtesy Carmencristina Moreno)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moreno’s parents were pioneers of California’s Mexican music scene in the 1930s, playing guitar and singing together on early morning radio networks, the only time slots that allowed music in Spanish on L.A.’s airwaves. They performed as “El Dueto de los Moreno,” sometimes accompanied by mariachis. Her father, Luis Moreno, composed about 300 songs in the ranchera tradition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I inherited two kingdoms,” she says, strumming her guitar. “The kingdom of songs of my father, and all those beautiful soft songs in English,” says Moreno, who remembers listening to Ethel Merman and music from Broadway shows as a child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreno also remembers her mother, Carmen, leaving on tour, wearing elaborate costume jewelry and embroidered skirts. Her father, Luis, had a pencil-thin mustache that peeked out from under a wide mariachi hat. He had come to the U.S. as a young man in 1919, escaping the Mexican revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was wounded in the revolution,” Moreno says. “My brother and I used to touch the bullet hole scars on his rib cage on his right side, and on his thigh where he was shot and left for dead.”\u003cbr>\nBut Luis Moreno, who was largely illiterate, didn’t make much money on his songs, even those that were recorded by stars like Pedro Infante and went on to become super hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would present a work-for-hire paper for him to sign, in English, relinquishing all the rights,” says Moreno. “They would dangle 10, 15 dollars in front of him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreno’s parents eventually moved to Fresno, where they became farmworkers to supplement their musical income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreno went on to act in Hollywood, and recorded with major labels as “Carmen.” But she couldn’t accept the stereotypical roles available to Latina actresses in the 1970s. And she refused to anglicize her name or ignore her Mexican musical heritage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I figured, if I’m going to do my own thing, I’m going to do my own thang, honey, and I’m going to do it and sing about what I want to,” she says. She formed her own independent label, and financed herself. She struggled as a single mom, raising three kids as a musician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was not above getting a gig in a Mexican restaurant, with a sound system, with a tip jar, and singing all the music that my parents had taught me. I worked in every taco joint in the Coachella Valley,” Moreno laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She wasn’t willing to sacrifice her musical principles. She marched to her own guitar, or guitarra,” laughs Dr. Manuel Peña, a retired professor of ethnomusicology from Fresno State and UT Austin who specializes in Chicano music. He compares Carmencristina Moreno to stars like \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=127033025\" target=\"_blank\">Lydia Mendoza\u003c/a> or Linda Ronstadt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They attained more notoriety and fame, but Carmencristina is every bit their equal,” says Peña. “She’s right up there with the foremost of our Mexican-American artists.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What makes Moreno different, he says, is the way she sets lyrics in English to a musical framework rooted in Mexican ranchera music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s hard-core, working-class Mexicano music. But there are other layers of musical development that are superimposed over that ranchera core. That fusion or synthesis, really. She is not the only one to do this, but she is unique in doing it with a single voice and a guitar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmencristina Moreno was awarded the nation’s highest folk art honor when she was named a \u003ca href=\"http://arts.gov/honors/heritage\" target=\"_blank\">National Endowment for the Arts National Heritage Fellow\u003c/a> in 2003. The award recognized her musical contributions to the farmworker movement, and her project\u003ca href=\"http://arts.gov/honors/heritage/fellows/carmencristina-moreno\" target=\"_blank\"> teaching Mexican and U.S. history through music\u003c/a> in Central Valley schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, at close to 75, Carmencristina Moreno is not slowing down, though she’s survived breast cancer and is nursing a shoulder injury after 60 years of holding an acoustic guitar. She’s finishing a book about her father’s experience in the Mexican Revolution, which includes 2 CDs. She lives in her parents’ ramshackle house surrounded by raisin vineyards and almond trees, still composing and playing guitar every day, and taking whatever gigs she can get.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can only say Carmencristina richly deserves to be known,” says Peña. “She’s like the treasure of the San Joaquin that hasn’t been discovered yet.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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