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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Proposition 22 asks Californians if they want to define app-based transportation and delivery drivers as independent contractors, instead of as employees, as state law currently requires. This is an industry-specific carve-out. This episode is part of our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> series, which explores the 12 propositions on California’s ballot. The series runs from Oct. 1-16, with new episodes dropping every weekday.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:00:00] I’m \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\"> Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/a> . You’re listening to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:00:05] It’s the most expensive ballot measure in California history, \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/22/\">Proposition 22 \u003c/a>. Or, as you might be calling it, that one about \u003ca href=\"https://www.uber.com/\">Uber \u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.lyft.com/\">Lyft. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lyft driver \u003c/b> [00:00:15] I like the flexibility of driving whenever you want. Having your own schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Uber driver \u003c/b>[00:00:20] We want to be independent contractors, but Uber doesn’t treat us like independent contractors. We’re not able to set our rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lyft driver \u003c/b><[00:00:26] Right now, I’m going to school. As my part-time gig to make money I’m doing Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Uber driver \u003c/b>[00:00:31] We’re not able to work when we want to, we pretty much have to work when we have to, in order to make money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:00:38] How should app based drivers be classified? As employees or contractors? Prop 22 asks the public to decide. Today in the show we’ll unpack what difference those classifications make and learn how Prop 22 could impact the future of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:01:02] KQED reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/samharnett\">Sam Harnett\u003c/a> has been covering these gig apps for years now and is here to walk us through Prop 22. Welcome, Sam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:01:09] Hello, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:01:10] So I know there’s a lot of layers to this one and we’re gonna get into all of those, but give us first a brief break down, what would Prop 22 do? What are we voting on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:01:19] So at the highest level, Proposition 22 would exempt a handful of gig app companies like Uber, Lyft and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instacart.com/\">Instacart \u003c/a>from California state labor law. And it would allow those companies to continue classifying their drivers as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:01:33] And the issue of whether app based drivers, you know, should be considered employees or independent contractors, it really goes back to sort of the beginning of when these apps kind of first came out. What’s going on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:01:45] Sure. So if you go back to the beginning of Uber and Lyft in 2012, they started using this labor model where they, they classified their workers as contractors, which means they don’t pay unemployment insurance, they don’t have to pay overtime, they don’t pay workers comp. They have way less liability if there’s an accident. The whole business model is built on this contractor status, which was legally suspect from the start. So there are lawsuits right in the beginning against these companies, but the companies prevailed and they were able to keep classifying their workers as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:02:11] Then in 2018, the California Supreme Court came in and they issued what’s called \u003ca href=\"https://scocal.stanford.edu/opinion/dynamex-operations-west-inc-v-superior-court-34584\">The Dynamex Decision\u003c/a>, which actually wasn’t about the gig companies, it was about this independent trucking company that was classifying workers as contractors. But anyway, it made it harder for companies to classify workers as contractors. So in 2018, a lot people thought, OK, now these companies are going to change and start classifying workers as employees. But the companies didn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:02:34] So, the legislature in 2019 passed a law called AB 5, which just codified into law the California Supreme Court dynamic’s decision. That became a law in 2020, and a lot people thought, OK, now, Uber, Lyft and InstaCart, they’re going to classify their workers as employees. But the companies didn’t. So then the pandemic happens, suddenly you’ve got tens or hundreds of thousands of workers for these apps that are out of work, but they can’t collect unemployment because the companies never paid into the state unemployment fund. So then you had the California attorney general step in, and a bunch of city attorneys, and they sued Uber and Lyft. This was back in May. And they sued them saying, hey, listen, you’re you’re still misclassifying your workers. Meanwhile, Uber, Lyft, Instacart, \u003ca href=\"https://postmates.com/\">Postmates\u003c/a> and a bunch of the other gig apps put Proposition 22 on the ballot. And they’re betting like, OK, if we can get the voters to pass this proposition, then we can keep operating as, as we were before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:03:27] Can you explain a little bit more thoroughly like what is the difference effectively between an employee and an independent contractor?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:03:34] In America the only way to get basic protections like unemployment insurance, guaranteed minimum wage, overtime, workers compensation, is to be an employee. If you’re a contractor, you don’t get any of those protections. That’s essentially the difference. Really, the contractor was supposed to be for kind of professionals who were making a ton of money and were deciding to be a contractor because they wanted to, not because they were being forced to be a contractor. But corporations saw that, hey, with this contractor model, we can get out of paying for all these employee benefits and protections, and it’s way, way cheaper. So over the last, you know, since the late 70s, companies have been pushing more and more workers from employees into contractor status. It’s really just about do you get guaranteed employee protections or not?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:04:19] OK. And can we get into, like, a little bit the nitty gritty of 22 – what would really change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:04:25] So Proposition 22 is a carve out for select companies. And the carve out is for companies that do transportation or delivery through apps. And if a company fits that description, that means they can classify their workers as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:04:39] And this isn’t just like Uber and Lyft, which is what I think people immediately think of, but also like delivery, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.doordash.com/en-US\">DoorDash\u003c/a>, Instacart,.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:04:46] PostMates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:04:47] Anyone who is in a car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:04:48] Yeah. Through an app, on a car, on a bike, doing delivery or transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:04:53] OK.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:04:53] The proposition then also has a couple increase perks or benefits for contractors. They can get health subsidies if they drive a certain amount. They can get limited insurance. They also, it says Iike a minimum floor for pay, but the minimum pay is calculated based on engaged hours – this is a really important difference. So it’s 120% of minimum wage is going to be guaranteed, but that’s only while you’re actually engaged in the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"From KQED's California Voter Guide\" link1='https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/proposition-22-ab-5-gig-workers,Proposition 22: Should so-called gig economy companies such as Uber, Lyft, and Instacart be exempted from state labor law?' hero=https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/10/KQED-Election-2020-Aside-Prop-22.png]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:05:17] So that means if you’re driving for Uber and let’s say you don’t get a ride for an hour, well, you don’t get paid for that hour of driving around even though you were working. So that’s like a really important kind of distinction. And I guess, the thing with Proposition 22 is, it’s all – it all gets very complicated in the details, but basically, if you look at the package, it’s going to guarantee a slight improvement to the benefits and protections for the contractors, but it’s far short of what you’d get in employee status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:05:42] Could other industries be impacted if this passes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:05:45] It creates this sort of third category that you can bet that corporations are going to go for because they can see a way to make money. And if you remember, Uber and Lyft, you know, started the gig app trend, but Instacart, PostMates, DoorDash, all these companies followed Uber and Lyft by creating apps to create more jobs that were contractor and not employee. So, you can bet that a lot of other industries, if they can figure out a way, you know, if trucking can get on an app, you know, maybe there’s a way to have warehouse workers work through an app. This opens the door for more companies to try to find ways to fit this model because contractors are way cheaper than employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:06:24] Now, what are these companies like Uber, Lyft, Instacart, DoorDash, etc., what are their arguments for why people should vote for 22?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:06:32] I’d say their primary argument is: This will allow us to keep operating as we were operating. It’s basically a pitch to consumers saying, hey, you know, you liked Uber and Lyft and Instacart and DoorSash. The second argument they make is, you know, listen, people need work right now, and so you can get work through these apps. We just want to give people work. And it’s not our fault that America doesn’t have a real safety net. It’s not our fault that it’s really hard to make it in this country, even if you’re working full-time. The anti side is saying, listen, if you allow these corporations to provide this kind of subpar, substandard work, you’re going to erode more of the good jobs that we do have. And you’re going to see more and more companies following Uber, Lyft, Instacart down this app route, which means you’re going to have more inequality and you’re going to have less good jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:07:14] I’ve seen a lot of arguments that these companies will stop operating in California if this law doesn’t pass. Is that a risk here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:07:22] Well, Uber definitely made it clear that they would temporarily pull out of California. But it’s important to remember that Uber, Lyft and other gig companies have threatened to leave whenever they didn’t like a regulation in multiple cities and states across the country. In Austin, in New York City, in Chicago and Seattle, and they always came back. In all of those cases, Uber and Lyft would temporarily leave until the regulation was changed back in their favor and then they return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:07:48] Now, if you look at California, you know, I think what, Olivia, we’re like the fifth biggest economy in the world. Right? The idea that they would pull out of California forever, it just doesn’t seem very feasible, given how big of a market that they are now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:08:01] Sort of another sort of, I guess, argument that I’ve seen out there is not just, OK, we might pull out of California, but also if we have to make everyone employees, fewer people will be able to drive for us because of the additional cost of making them employees. Could we see drivers potentially lose out on opportunity here if this were to fail?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:08:24] Uber, Lyft, DoorDash, shifting to employee status is definitely gonna force them to change their business model. They’re going to have to do things a little differently, and that might mean they have fewer drivers who then drive more hours. And so some very casual drivers might lose out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:08:39] Drivers using these apps come down on both sides of Prop 22. Supporters are worried that becoming employees could ultimately take away their flexible work schedules or cause job losses. They also say rates could go up for consumers and service could disappear from lower profit regions. Drivers voting against Prop 22 want the protections that they would get as an employee. They argue a company shouldn’t get to write their own labor laws. They also point out that Prop 22 would be difficult to amend or overturn, requiring a 7/8 vote in the California state legislature or another proposition on a feature ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:09:19] The campaign financing on this one is bonkers. What does the money situation look like?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:09:23] Right. So on the pro side, I mean, the people who want this proposition, it’s mainly the gig companies. Over 181 million dollars. The most on a California proposition. And if you’re watching TV right now, you’re probably seeing the ads. I mean, they are flooding the airwaves. On the against side, it’s mostly labor, and they’ve got about 10 million dollars. So it’s an 18 to 1 disparity between the funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:09:47] Well, Sam Harnett, KQED, Silicon Valley reporter, thanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:09:50] Thanks, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:09:52] To put a cap on this one, a vote yes says you think app based driving services should be treated differently from other industries and be allowed to classify their workers as independent contractors rather than employees. A no vote means you think app based driving services should follow the regulations set out by our existing law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:10:14] Bay Curious Prop Fest is produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/katrinaschwartz\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a>, Rob Speight, Katie McMurran and me, Olivia Allen-Price, with a huge assist from the entire KQED newsroom. Our show is made in San Francisco at member supported KQED. We’ll be back tomorrow with an episode on Prop 23, the dialysis prop. See you then.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Proposition 22 asks Californians if they want to define app-based transportation and delivery drivers as independent contractors, instead of as employees, as state law currently requires. This is an industry-specific carve-out. This episode is part of our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> series, which explores the 12 propositions on California’s ballot. The series runs from Oct. 1-16, with new episodes dropping every weekday.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:00:00] I’m \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\"> Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/a> . You’re listening to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:00:05] It’s the most expensive ballot measure in California history, \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/22/\">Proposition 22 \u003c/a>. Or, as you might be calling it, that one about \u003ca href=\"https://www.uber.com/\">Uber \u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.lyft.com/\">Lyft. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lyft driver \u003c/b> [00:00:15] I like the flexibility of driving whenever you want. Having your own schedule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Uber driver \u003c/b>[00:00:20] We want to be independent contractors, but Uber doesn’t treat us like independent contractors. We’re not able to set our rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Lyft driver \u003c/b><[00:00:26] Right now, I’m going to school. As my part-time gig to make money I’m doing Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Uber driver \u003c/b>[00:00:31] We’re not able to work when we want to, we pretty much have to work when we have to, in order to make money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:00:38] How should app based drivers be classified? As employees or contractors? Prop 22 asks the public to decide. Today in the show we’ll unpack what difference those classifications make and learn how Prop 22 could impact the future of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:01:02] KQED reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/samharnett\">Sam Harnett\u003c/a> has been covering these gig apps for years now and is here to walk us through Prop 22. Welcome, Sam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:01:09] Hello, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:01:10] So I know there’s a lot of layers to this one and we’re gonna get into all of those, but give us first a brief break down, what would Prop 22 do? What are we voting on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:01:19] So at the highest level, Proposition 22 would exempt a handful of gig app companies like Uber, Lyft and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instacart.com/\">Instacart \u003c/a>from California state labor law. And it would allow those companies to continue classifying their drivers as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:01:33] And the issue of whether app based drivers, you know, should be considered employees or independent contractors, it really goes back to sort of the beginning of when these apps kind of first came out. What’s going on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:01:45] Sure. So if you go back to the beginning of Uber and Lyft in 2012, they started using this labor model where they, they classified their workers as contractors, which means they don’t pay unemployment insurance, they don’t have to pay overtime, they don’t pay workers comp. They have way less liability if there’s an accident. The whole business model is built on this contractor status, which was legally suspect from the start. So there are lawsuits right in the beginning against these companies, but the companies prevailed and they were able to keep classifying their workers as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:02:11] Then in 2018, the California Supreme Court came in and they issued what’s called \u003ca href=\"https://scocal.stanford.edu/opinion/dynamex-operations-west-inc-v-superior-court-34584\">The Dynamex Decision\u003c/a>, which actually wasn’t about the gig companies, it was about this independent trucking company that was classifying workers as contractors. But anyway, it made it harder for companies to classify workers as contractors. So in 2018, a lot people thought, OK, now these companies are going to change and start classifying workers as employees. But the companies didn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:02:34] So, the legislature in 2019 passed a law called AB 5, which just codified into law the California Supreme Court dynamic’s decision. That became a law in 2020, and a lot people thought, OK, now, Uber, Lyft and InstaCart, they’re going to classify their workers as employees. But the companies didn’t. So then the pandemic happens, suddenly you’ve got tens or hundreds of thousands of workers for these apps that are out of work, but they can’t collect unemployment because the companies never paid into the state unemployment fund. So then you had the California attorney general step in, and a bunch of city attorneys, and they sued Uber and Lyft. This was back in May. And they sued them saying, hey, listen, you’re you’re still misclassifying your workers. Meanwhile, Uber, Lyft, Instacart, \u003ca href=\"https://postmates.com/\">Postmates\u003c/a> and a bunch of the other gig apps put Proposition 22 on the ballot. And they’re betting like, OK, if we can get the voters to pass this proposition, then we can keep operating as, as we were before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:03:27] Can you explain a little bit more thoroughly like what is the difference effectively between an employee and an independent contractor?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:03:34] In America the only way to get basic protections like unemployment insurance, guaranteed minimum wage, overtime, workers compensation, is to be an employee. If you’re a contractor, you don’t get any of those protections. That’s essentially the difference. Really, the contractor was supposed to be for kind of professionals who were making a ton of money and were deciding to be a contractor because they wanted to, not because they were being forced to be a contractor. But corporations saw that, hey, with this contractor model, we can get out of paying for all these employee benefits and protections, and it’s way, way cheaper. So over the last, you know, since the late 70s, companies have been pushing more and more workers from employees into contractor status. It’s really just about do you get guaranteed employee protections or not?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:04:19] OK. And can we get into, like, a little bit the nitty gritty of 22 – what would really change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:04:25] So Proposition 22 is a carve out for select companies. And the carve out is for companies that do transportation or delivery through apps. And if a company fits that description, that means they can classify their workers as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:04:39] And this isn’t just like Uber and Lyft, which is what I think people immediately think of, but also like delivery, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.doordash.com/en-US\">DoorDash\u003c/a>, Instacart,.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:04:46] PostMates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:04:47] Anyone who is in a car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:04:48] Yeah. Through an app, on a car, on a bike, doing delivery or transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:04:53] OK.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:04:53] The proposition then also has a couple increase perks or benefits for contractors. They can get health subsidies if they drive a certain amount. They can get limited insurance. They also, it says Iike a minimum floor for pay, but the minimum pay is calculated based on engaged hours – this is a really important difference. So it’s 120% of minimum wage is going to be guaranteed, but that’s only while you’re actually engaged in the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:05:17] So that means if you’re driving for Uber and let’s say you don’t get a ride for an hour, well, you don’t get paid for that hour of driving around even though you were working. So that’s like a really important kind of distinction. And I guess, the thing with Proposition 22 is, it’s all – it all gets very complicated in the details, but basically, if you look at the package, it’s going to guarantee a slight improvement to the benefits and protections for the contractors, but it’s far short of what you’d get in employee status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:05:42] Could other industries be impacted if this passes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:05:45] It creates this sort of third category that you can bet that corporations are going to go for because they can see a way to make money. And if you remember, Uber and Lyft, you know, started the gig app trend, but Instacart, PostMates, DoorDash, all these companies followed Uber and Lyft by creating apps to create more jobs that were contractor and not employee. So, you can bet that a lot of other industries, if they can figure out a way, you know, if trucking can get on an app, you know, maybe there’s a way to have warehouse workers work through an app. This opens the door for more companies to try to find ways to fit this model because contractors are way cheaper than employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:06:24] Now, what are these companies like Uber, Lyft, Instacart, DoorDash, etc., what are their arguments for why people should vote for 22?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:06:32] I’d say their primary argument is: This will allow us to keep operating as we were operating. It’s basically a pitch to consumers saying, hey, you know, you liked Uber and Lyft and Instacart and DoorSash. The second argument they make is, you know, listen, people need work right now, and so you can get work through these apps. We just want to give people work. And it’s not our fault that America doesn’t have a real safety net. It’s not our fault that it’s really hard to make it in this country, even if you’re working full-time. The anti side is saying, listen, if you allow these corporations to provide this kind of subpar, substandard work, you’re going to erode more of the good jobs that we do have. And you’re going to see more and more companies following Uber, Lyft, Instacart down this app route, which means you’re going to have more inequality and you’re going to have less good jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:07:14] I’ve seen a lot of arguments that these companies will stop operating in California if this law doesn’t pass. Is that a risk here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:07:22] Well, Uber definitely made it clear that they would temporarily pull out of California. But it’s important to remember that Uber, Lyft and other gig companies have threatened to leave whenever they didn’t like a regulation in multiple cities and states across the country. In Austin, in New York City, in Chicago and Seattle, and they always came back. In all of those cases, Uber and Lyft would temporarily leave until the regulation was changed back in their favor and then they return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:07:48] Now, if you look at California, you know, I think what, Olivia, we’re like the fifth biggest economy in the world. Right? The idea that they would pull out of California forever, it just doesn’t seem very feasible, given how big of a market that they are now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:08:01] Sort of another sort of, I guess, argument that I’ve seen out there is not just, OK, we might pull out of California, but also if we have to make everyone employees, fewer people will be able to drive for us because of the additional cost of making them employees. Could we see drivers potentially lose out on opportunity here if this were to fail?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:08:24] Uber, Lyft, DoorDash, shifting to employee status is definitely gonna force them to change their business model. They’re going to have to do things a little differently, and that might mean they have fewer drivers who then drive more hours. And so some very casual drivers might lose out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:08:39] Drivers using these apps come down on both sides of Prop 22. Supporters are worried that becoming employees could ultimately take away their flexible work schedules or cause job losses. They also say rates could go up for consumers and service could disappear from lower profit regions. Drivers voting against Prop 22 want the protections that they would get as an employee. They argue a company shouldn’t get to write their own labor laws. They also point out that Prop 22 would be difficult to amend or overturn, requiring a 7/8 vote in the California state legislature or another proposition on a feature ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:09:19] The campaign financing on this one is bonkers. What does the money situation look like?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:09:23] Right. So on the pro side, I mean, the people who want this proposition, it’s mainly the gig companies. Over 181 million dollars. The most on a California proposition. And if you’re watching TV right now, you’re probably seeing the ads. I mean, they are flooding the airwaves. On the against side, it’s mostly labor, and they’ve got about 10 million dollars. So it’s an 18 to 1 disparity between the funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:09:47] Well, Sam Harnett, KQED, Silicon Valley reporter, thanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Harnett \u003c/b>[00:09:50] Thanks, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>[00:09:52] To put a cap on this one, a vote yes says you think app based driving services should be treated differently from other industries and be allowed to classify their workers as independent contractors rather than employees. A no vote means you think app based driving services should follow the regulations set out by our existing law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Curious is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our Prop Fest series. This episode tackles Proposition 21, which would largely return decision-making power for rent control measures to local governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC4127886947\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The audio and transcript have been updated in this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:00:00] Welcome to Monday, people. I hope you had a great weekend. Maybe you got a chance to catch up on the seven \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> episodes that are already live. Today, we’re on to \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/quick-reference-guide/21.htm\">Proposition 21\u003c/a>. I’m \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:18] Ads for Proposition 21, the rent control prop, are everywhere. You’ve probably heard some of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vote Yes on Prop 21 Advertisement \u003c/strong>[00:00:24] How did homelessness get so bad? Keep families in their homes. Vote yes on Prop 21 this November. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vote No on Prop 21 Advertisement\u003c/strong> [00:00:30] California is in a deep hole with the shortage of affordable housing. Prop 21 digs an even deeper hole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vote Si en la Prop 21 Advertisement\u003c/strong> [00:00:37] El sueño Californiano no es lo que solía ser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] Rent control has become a perennial issue in California elections. But how is this year’s law different from others that we’ve seen? That’s what we’re here to figure out. Stick around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:53] Like so many of the propositions on our ballot this year, Proposition 21 on rent control proposes changing an existing law. In this case, it’s called the \u003ca href=\"http://costa-hawkins.com/what-is-costa-hawkins/#:~:text=The%20Costa%2DHawkins%20Rental%20Housing,tenant%20no%20longer%20permanently%20resides\">Costa-Hawkin’s Rental Housing Act\u003c/a>. And before we can talk about Prop 21, you really need to know how it works. Reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jplaczek\">Jessica Placzek\u003c/a> explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek \u003c/strong>[00:01:13] In California, rent control limits how much a landlord can raise rent year after year. And right now, only 15 cities in the state have some form of rent control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:01:23] It’s really the bigger cities, those, so LA, San Francisco, Oakland, San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek\u003c/strong> [00:01:29] This is \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/matt-levin/\">Matt Levin\u003c/a>, a data reporter for \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a> and co-host of the housing podcast \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/category/multimedia/podcasts/gimme-shelter/\">Gimme Shelter\u003c/a>. And he says even in those cities, not every home is under rent control. That’s because of this 1995 law that was trying to encourage building by limiting rent control. It’s called the Costa-Hawkin’s Rental Housing Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:01:49] It passed by one vote that shapes rent control policy across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek\u003c/strong> [00:01:55] It’s a huge deal that most people know very little about. And it limits rent control in two big ways. First, Costa-Hawkins made it so when a tenant moves out of a rent controlled apartment, the landlord can raise rent to whatever they want. This is called vacancy decontrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:02:13] I see old apartments all the time. They’re total pieces of crap and they’re, they’re they’re charging like a bazillion dollars, right. But once you get into that apartment, they’re limited in how much more they can raise it. Every time a person moves out, they can reset it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek\u003c/strong> [00:02:30] Costa-Hawkin’s also made it so you can not have rent control on most single family homes or condos, meaning most of the suburbs can’t be rent controlled. And you can’t have rent control on new buildings. So, the law created a cutoff date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:02:45] You can’t impose rent control on properties that were built after 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek\u003c/strong> [00:02:50] As for the cities that already had rent control, Costa-Hawkins froze their cutoff dates where they stood. In Oakland the cutoff is in 1983. Berkeley is 1980. While in San Jose and San Francisco, nothing built after 1979 can have rent control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:03:06] So anything new and nice looking in San Francisco is not going to have rent control on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:16] Proposition 21, what we’re voting on this year, would overturn that cost to Hawkins-Housing Act and shift future decisions about rent control from the state to local governments. Now, the economics of rent control, who it works for and who it works against, are debated. And we don’t have time to get into all of that on today’s show. But we do have an episode from a few years ago that does look closer at that issue. We’ll put a link on our show notes, so if you find yourself wondering, go give that a listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:49] OK. Back to Proposition 21. KQED reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jrodriguez\">Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/a> is here to help us untangle it all. Welcome, Joe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:03:56] Hiya.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:03:57] So give us the top line for Prop 21. What does it do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:04:01] Well, it’s very easy to misunderstand the whole premise. It does not impose new rent control laws, but what Prop 21 does do is allow cities to pass their own rent control laws so they can make their own tenant protections on more recently built buildings, with some exceptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:20] And the details on this one really matter, because we did see a similar proposition two years ago, which California voters turned down. Now, the same tenants rights groups are back, but they’ve made some changes this time around. What are the specifics here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:04:34] Well, property one really does three things. First it would overturn the statewide Costa-Hawkins law, and allow lawmakers to make decisions about whether or not to have rent control. Getting rid of Costa-Hawkins also means doing away with the vacancy decontrol. What does that mean? That’s a wonky word, “decontrol”. It basically means if a tenant leaves a rent controlled unit, the landlord could no longer crank up the rent. They’d be able to raise the rent 15 percent over the first three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:03] So under Prop 21, let’s say a tenant moves out and they were paying $1000 in rent. Wouldn’t that be a dream? And then a new tenant moves in, the landlord could only raise the rent by 15 percent, which would be $1150 and no higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:05:22] Right. Right. Good back of the napkin math.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:26] Thanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:27] And what about the third thing Prop 21 would do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:05:30] It also has this provision that says after a new building goes up, the developer can charge whatever they want for the first 15 years. That’s so they can make their money back. After 15 years, if the city has rent control, that building would then be subject to the local rent control laws. This was added by the authors of the Prop 21 to address criticism that more rent control might deter developers from building more housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:52] And that’s a common critique of rent control laws in general, that basically they cause less development. And that could actually drive market rate rents in the city up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:06:01] Now, the last thing Prop 21 would do, is it makes an exception for small landlords who rent out one or two single family homes. They’re the little guy. So this would not apply to them. However, if an individual owns a multi unit building, Prop 21 would still apply to their property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:22] Now, here’s a bit of a wrinkle on Prop 21. A state law just went into effect that caps rent increases statewide in many cases, even in cities that are not currently covered by a local rent control law. Joe, tell us about that law and how it’s different from Prop 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:06:40] Well, it seems you’re talking about the California Tenant Protection Act passed in 2019.\u003cbr>\n \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nCalifornia Tenant Protect Act Advertisement\u003c/strong> [00:06:45] Are you a renter in California? Your rights may have grown under a new law . . .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:06:51] For buildings in locales that are not already under rent control – now, just to be clear, it does not supersede existing rent control – but if you aren’t protected, it would cap the amount of rent that your landlord could raise by five percent. It also says that landlords have to have just cause to evict someone. Just cause is pretty much how it sounds, like a right, a right cause, right. If you didn’t pay your rent, if you were violent, if there’s a health issue that you’ve created inside your apartment, those are all just causes that can lead to your eviction. I will add as a quick addendum, there are other tenant protections for the pandemic that recently passed at the state that prevents landlords from kicking you out if you lost your job due to the pandemic and you swear to it under penalty of perjury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:07:41] But essentially, this maintains the landlords ability to evict you for some just causes. And it also sunsets in 2030. But that’s actually part of the critique. The Prop 21 proponents are like, well, hey, guys, this sunsets in 2030, that’s way too soon, we have a pandemic, we have a potential pandemic fueled recession, we don’t know how long it’ll last, we don’t know how long the economic effects will last, and, they maintain, a lot of these protections, while they sound good, were meant to undercut Prop 21. And we’re, in fact, a calculated political method of doing just that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:17] OK. Let’s turn our attention back to Prop 21. Who is supporting it and what are their arguments?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:08:23] Yeah, so \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidshealth.org/about/leadership/\">Michael Weinstein\u003c/a>, the president of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidshealth.org/\">AIDS Healthcare Foundation\u003c/a>, is a perennial supporter of trying to repeal Costa-Hopkins and put this on the ballot. It may seem a little far afield from AIDS help to be spending on housing and rent laws, but the organization makes the argument that housing is health care. And that’s an opinion shared widely in the homelessness community, where many folks die of ailments on the streets. Other supporters include former presidential runner Bernie Sanders, a Democratic Party and tenants rights groups. Broadly, they argue that this is an issue of local control, that there are lots of different kinds of communities in California with lots of different needs, and local lawmakers should be able to make policies that fit their locale. They also say high rents are pushing people out of California and increasingly rental properties are owned by big companies who are making the affordability problems worse. This is especially pronounced during the pandemic where Latins and Black households are especially hurt by job losses due to COVID-19. And they say that they listen to voters’ concerns that rent control could possibly discourage developers from building more housing, which is why they have that 15 year provision that we talked about earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:38] Let’s hear about the opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:09:39] Well, notably, a pretty big opposition, Governor Gavin Newsom, but also construction groups, business groups, landlord groups. They say the law that went into effect earlier this year covers a lot of the same ground as Prop 21. And they say that rent control is not the ultimate answer to California’s housing problem. They say a lack of housing is the problem. So we should not be passing a law that could discourage development of that needed housing. Now, they don’t think the 15 year window of market rate rent is enough to mitigate the potential downsides of this proposition of potentially discouraging development. And finally, they argue this could hit seniors particularly hard. Many people live off rental income in their old age, and this could sap their wallets when they have no other source of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:10:27] Let’s move on to the campaign finance here. So how is financing looking on Prop 21?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:10:32] Yeah, well, the opposition is far outspending yes on Prop 21, that’s 42 million dollars on the no side.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:39] That’s developers, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:10:42] Yeah, basically. Twenty four million dollars on the yes side. I mean, it doesn’t take rocket scientists to see who would be against it, right. As you’re saying, it’s property management firms as developers, it’s the Apartment Association of Los Angeles, which represents landlords.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:02] All right. KQED reporter Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez, thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:11:07] Thank you.\u003cbr>\n \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:13] Let’s recap that, shall we? A vote yes on Proposition 21 means you want cities to have the power to pass or update local rent control laws on almost all rental housing, as long as it’s at least 15 years old. A no vote means you want state limits on rent control to stay in place.\u003cbr>\n \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:37] Bay Curious is produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/katrinaschwartz\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a>, Rob Speight, Katie McMurran and me, Olivia Allen-Price. But we could not do it without the help of the entire KQED newsroom. Check out more election coverage at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide\">KQED dot org slash elections\u003c/a>. Tomorrow, we take on \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/22/\">Proposition 22\u003c/a>, the most expensive proposition in California history.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:00] Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member supported KQED. I’ll see you tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Curious is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our Prop Fest series. This episode tackles Proposition 21, which would largely return decision-making power for rent control measures to local governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC4127886947\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The audio and transcript have been updated in this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:00:00] Welcome to Monday, people. I hope you had a great weekend. Maybe you got a chance to catch up on the seven \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> episodes that are already live. Today, we’re on to \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/quick-reference-guide/21.htm\">Proposition 21\u003c/a>. I’m \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:18] Ads for Proposition 21, the rent control prop, are everywhere. You’ve probably heard some of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vote Yes on Prop 21 Advertisement \u003c/strong>[00:00:24] How did homelessness get so bad? Keep families in their homes. Vote yes on Prop 21 this November. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vote No on Prop 21 Advertisement\u003c/strong> [00:00:30] California is in a deep hole with the shortage of affordable housing. Prop 21 digs an even deeper hole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vote Si en la Prop 21 Advertisement\u003c/strong> [00:00:37] El sueño Californiano no es lo que solía ser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] Rent control has become a perennial issue in California elections. But how is this year’s law different from others that we’ve seen? That’s what we’re here to figure out. Stick around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:53] Like so many of the propositions on our ballot this year, Proposition 21 on rent control proposes changing an existing law. In this case, it’s called the \u003ca href=\"http://costa-hawkins.com/what-is-costa-hawkins/#:~:text=The%20Costa%2DHawkins%20Rental%20Housing,tenant%20no%20longer%20permanently%20resides\">Costa-Hawkin’s Rental Housing Act\u003c/a>. And before we can talk about Prop 21, you really need to know how it works. Reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jplaczek\">Jessica Placzek\u003c/a> explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek \u003c/strong>[00:01:13] In California, rent control limits how much a landlord can raise rent year after year. And right now, only 15 cities in the state have some form of rent control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:01:23] It’s really the bigger cities, those, so LA, San Francisco, Oakland, San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek\u003c/strong> [00:01:29] This is \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/matt-levin/\">Matt Levin\u003c/a>, a data reporter for \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a> and co-host of the housing podcast \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/category/multimedia/podcasts/gimme-shelter/\">Gimme Shelter\u003c/a>. And he says even in those cities, not every home is under rent control. That’s because of this 1995 law that was trying to encourage building by limiting rent control. It’s called the Costa-Hawkin’s Rental Housing Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:01:49] It passed by one vote that shapes rent control policy across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek\u003c/strong> [00:01:55] It’s a huge deal that most people know very little about. And it limits rent control in two big ways. First, Costa-Hawkins made it so when a tenant moves out of a rent controlled apartment, the landlord can raise rent to whatever they want. This is called vacancy decontrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:02:13] I see old apartments all the time. They’re total pieces of crap and they’re, they’re they’re charging like a bazillion dollars, right. But once you get into that apartment, they’re limited in how much more they can raise it. Every time a person moves out, they can reset it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek\u003c/strong> [00:02:30] Costa-Hawkin’s also made it so you can not have rent control on most single family homes or condos, meaning most of the suburbs can’t be rent controlled. And you can’t have rent control on new buildings. So, the law created a cutoff date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:02:45] You can’t impose rent control on properties that were built after 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jessica Placzek\u003c/strong> [00:02:50] As for the cities that already had rent control, Costa-Hawkins froze their cutoff dates where they stood. In Oakland the cutoff is in 1983. Berkeley is 1980. While in San Jose and San Francisco, nothing built after 1979 can have rent control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Matt Levin\u003c/strong> [00:03:06] So anything new and nice looking in San Francisco is not going to have rent control on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:16] Proposition 21, what we’re voting on this year, would overturn that cost to Hawkins-Housing Act and shift future decisions about rent control from the state to local governments. Now, the economics of rent control, who it works for and who it works against, are debated. And we don’t have time to get into all of that on today’s show. But we do have an episode from a few years ago that does look closer at that issue. We’ll put a link on our show notes, so if you find yourself wondering, go give that a listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:49] OK. Back to Proposition 21. KQED reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jrodriguez\">Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/a> is here to help us untangle it all. Welcome, Joe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:03:56] Hiya.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:03:57] So give us the top line for Prop 21. What does it do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:04:01] Well, it’s very easy to misunderstand the whole premise. It does not impose new rent control laws, but what Prop 21 does do is allow cities to pass their own rent control laws so they can make their own tenant protections on more recently built buildings, with some exceptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:20] And the details on this one really matter, because we did see a similar proposition two years ago, which California voters turned down. Now, the same tenants rights groups are back, but they’ve made some changes this time around. What are the specifics here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:04:34] Well, property one really does three things. First it would overturn the statewide Costa-Hawkins law, and allow lawmakers to make decisions about whether or not to have rent control. Getting rid of Costa-Hawkins also means doing away with the vacancy decontrol. What does that mean? That’s a wonky word, “decontrol”. It basically means if a tenant leaves a rent controlled unit, the landlord could no longer crank up the rent. They’d be able to raise the rent 15 percent over the first three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:03] So under Prop 21, let’s say a tenant moves out and they were paying $1000 in rent. Wouldn’t that be a dream? And then a new tenant moves in, the landlord could only raise the rent by 15 percent, which would be $1150 and no higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:05:22] Right. Right. Good back of the napkin math.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:26] Thanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:27] And what about the third thing Prop 21 would do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:05:30] It also has this provision that says after a new building goes up, the developer can charge whatever they want for the first 15 years. That’s so they can make their money back. After 15 years, if the city has rent control, that building would then be subject to the local rent control laws. This was added by the authors of the Prop 21 to address criticism that more rent control might deter developers from building more housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:52] And that’s a common critique of rent control laws in general, that basically they cause less development. And that could actually drive market rate rents in the city up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:06:01] Now, the last thing Prop 21 would do, is it makes an exception for small landlords who rent out one or two single family homes. They’re the little guy. So this would not apply to them. However, if an individual owns a multi unit building, Prop 21 would still apply to their property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:22] Now, here’s a bit of a wrinkle on Prop 21. A state law just went into effect that caps rent increases statewide in many cases, even in cities that are not currently covered by a local rent control law. Joe, tell us about that law and how it’s different from Prop 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:06:40] Well, it seems you’re talking about the California Tenant Protection Act passed in 2019.\u003cbr>\n \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nCalifornia Tenant Protect Act Advertisement\u003c/strong> [00:06:45] Are you a renter in California? Your rights may have grown under a new law . . .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:06:51] For buildings in locales that are not already under rent control – now, just to be clear, it does not supersede existing rent control – but if you aren’t protected, it would cap the amount of rent that your landlord could raise by five percent. It also says that landlords have to have just cause to evict someone. Just cause is pretty much how it sounds, like a right, a right cause, right. If you didn’t pay your rent, if you were violent, if there’s a health issue that you’ve created inside your apartment, those are all just causes that can lead to your eviction. I will add as a quick addendum, there are other tenant protections for the pandemic that recently passed at the state that prevents landlords from kicking you out if you lost your job due to the pandemic and you swear to it under penalty of perjury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:07:41] But essentially, this maintains the landlords ability to evict you for some just causes. And it also sunsets in 2030. But that’s actually part of the critique. The Prop 21 proponents are like, well, hey, guys, this sunsets in 2030, that’s way too soon, we have a pandemic, we have a potential pandemic fueled recession, we don’t know how long it’ll last, we don’t know how long the economic effects will last, and, they maintain, a lot of these protections, while they sound good, were meant to undercut Prop 21. And we’re, in fact, a calculated political method of doing just that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:17] OK. Let’s turn our attention back to Prop 21. Who is supporting it and what are their arguments?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:08:23] Yeah, so \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidshealth.org/about/leadership/\">Michael Weinstein\u003c/a>, the president of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidshealth.org/\">AIDS Healthcare Foundation\u003c/a>, is a perennial supporter of trying to repeal Costa-Hopkins and put this on the ballot. It may seem a little far afield from AIDS help to be spending on housing and rent laws, but the organization makes the argument that housing is health care. And that’s an opinion shared widely in the homelessness community, where many folks die of ailments on the streets. Other supporters include former presidential runner Bernie Sanders, a Democratic Party and tenants rights groups. Broadly, they argue that this is an issue of local control, that there are lots of different kinds of communities in California with lots of different needs, and local lawmakers should be able to make policies that fit their locale. They also say high rents are pushing people out of California and increasingly rental properties are owned by big companies who are making the affordability problems worse. This is especially pronounced during the pandemic where Latins and Black households are especially hurt by job losses due to COVID-19. And they say that they listen to voters’ concerns that rent control could possibly discourage developers from building more housing, which is why they have that 15 year provision that we talked about earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:38] Let’s hear about the opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:09:39] Well, notably, a pretty big opposition, Governor Gavin Newsom, but also construction groups, business groups, landlord groups. They say the law that went into effect earlier this year covers a lot of the same ground as Prop 21. And they say that rent control is not the ultimate answer to California’s housing problem. They say a lack of housing is the problem. So we should not be passing a law that could discourage development of that needed housing. Now, they don’t think the 15 year window of market rate rent is enough to mitigate the potential downsides of this proposition of potentially discouraging development. And finally, they argue this could hit seniors particularly hard. Many people live off rental income in their old age, and this could sap their wallets when they have no other source of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:10:27] Let’s move on to the campaign finance here. So how is financing looking on Prop 21?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:10:32] Yeah, well, the opposition is far outspending yes on Prop 21, that’s 42 million dollars on the no side.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:39] That’s developers, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:10:42] Yeah, basically. Twenty four million dollars on the yes side. I mean, it doesn’t take rocket scientists to see who would be against it, right. As you’re saying, it’s property management firms as developers, it’s the Apartment Association of Los Angeles, which represents landlords.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:02] All right. KQED reporter Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez, thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:11:07] Thank you.\u003cbr>\n \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:13] Let’s recap that, shall we? A vote yes on Proposition 21 means you want cities to have the power to pass or update local rent control laws on almost all rental housing, as long as it’s at least 15 years old. A no vote means you want state limits on rent control to stay in place.\u003cbr>\n \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:37] Bay Curious is produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/katrinaschwartz\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a>, Rob Speight, Katie McMurran and me, Olivia Allen-Price. But we could not do it without the help of the entire KQED newsroom. Check out more election coverage at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide\">KQED dot org slash elections\u003c/a>. Tomorrow, we take on \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/22/\">Proposition 22\u003c/a>, the most expensive proposition in California history.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:00] Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member supported KQED. I’ll see you tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>We’re explaining the 12 propositions on the California ballot in our series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> (psst, check out the \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k?si=t9N5QWyuSOqBrXf6r-EUqw\">podcast\u003c/a> if you haven’t already). Today we take on Proposition 20, which revisits some recently passed legislation aimed at reducing California’s inmate population. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC1788378647&light=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"200\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] Hello. Hello. Happy Friday, everybody. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a> here, and you’re tuned in to our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. Twelve statewide propositions. Twelve days. Let’s go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:14] \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/20/\">Proposition 20\u003c/a> would walk back some changes made to the state’s criminal justice law over the past decade. Here’s how you’ll see it on your ballot:.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:22] Proposition 20 restricts parole for nonviolent offenders, authorizes felony sentences for certain offenses currently treated only as misdemeanors, and requires DNA samples from people convicted of specified misdemeanors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] Yes, this one has a lot of pieces to it. We’ll unpack it all today on the show. It’s Prop 20, the criminal sentencing prop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:52] Hey, everyone. Just a quick programing note in this episode, we discuss violent crime, including rape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] Here to talk Prop 20 with us is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mlagos\">Marisa Lagos\u003c/a>, KQED politics correspondent and co-host of the Political Breakdown podcast. Good morning, Marisa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:01:07] Morning, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:08] So, what is Prop 20 about? Why are we even voting on this?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:01:12] There has been a lot of reforms in California over the past decade or so around criminal justice, and most of them were really aimed at reducing the prison population and giving people more opportunities for rehabilitation. It was sort of a reversal of the tough on crime push that we saw largely in the 1990s. And a lot of those changes have been very controversial among law enforcement. They were not pleased, particularly with two ballot measures that voters passed in 2014 and 2016. And I would say, kind of top level, Proposition 20 is aimed at rolling back some of the key portions of those ballot measures, and essentially making it harder for a lot of people to get out of prison and potentially easier for DA’s [District Attorneys] to send a lot of people to jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:59] Now, let’s get into some of those ballot measures, because I feel like I was just voting on this, you know, during the last presidential election. You know, so, what were some those reforms? And you what happened there?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:02:09] Yeah. I mean, in 2011, as Governor Jerry Brown took office, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of a very long standing lawsuit that essentially challenged California’s – the way it was treating prisoners. And what the courts found was that essentially California’s prisons were so overcrowded that it was resulting in inmates dying – at one point, at a rate of like one person a day, I believe. And the court said, you, California, have to find a way to reduce the number of people in your prisons or essentially the courts are just gonna open up the doors and let prisoners out, you know, willy nilly. And so the state kind of embarked on a series of reforms. The first one, it was passed in the legislature in 2011. It’s called realignment. It was kind of the building block for some of these later reforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:55] Right. Yeah. So, a lot of us will probably remember realignment. That is when the state changed the punishment for many crimes so that people convicted were sent to jail instead of prison. But, Marisa that was just the beginning of reforms, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:03:09] Sort of parallel to that, we have seen a real awakening around racial justice and criminal justice in California. It started to really shift public opinion and the kind of tough on crime mantra that really dominated the day during the 1990s started to slip. And I think voters were more willing to take a chance and try some new things because a lot of people felt like what was being done wasn’t working and we were just kind of burning up public funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:41] All right, so public opinion is, is moving on some these big topics. How did they take advantage of that to bring about some reforms?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:03:48] Yes, so first, there was a ballot measure in 2014. This was Proposition 47. It essentially made a lot of felonies, misdemeanors. So if you had a simple drug possession arrest on your record, if you were caught shoplifting less than $900 worth of merchandise, instead of getting charged with a felony, you could get charged with a misdemeanor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:08] All right. So that means fewer people are being sent to prison, which should mean the state saved some money here, right? What happens to the extra cash?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:04:17] It also had a provision saying, we’re going to take the savings from those lower prison and jail populations and actually put them right back into programs that will hopefully help prevent future crimes by supporting communities and kids, and rehabilitating people who have been in prison, and by spending more money on victim services. So, this was really an attempt to sort of shift the narrative and the actual money flow away from incarceration and back in to rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:46] All right, so that’s one set of reforms, but you said there were more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:04:50] The second measure was actually written by Jerry Brown. I think there was a sense that they had gone as far as they could in the legislature to help reduce the prison population and that they needed to ask voters to change the law so that far more felons could go before the parole board earlier. So this was a, was a measure that really allowed a broader class of prison inmates to potentially apply for rehabilitative programs and then asked the parole board to release them early. It didn’t guarantee any early releases, but it has resulted in thousands of inmates getting out, you know, in some cases years before they would have even been eligible to ask for that release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:34] And then we get from those to where we are today, voting on Prop 20, our criminal sentencing prop. Marissa, I understand that Prop 20 would change four things. Let’s start in on what it would do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:05:47] Broadly, this is a ballot measure written by law enforcement – from their perspective, fixing some of the problems with those earlier reforms. It would reduce the number of people eligible to go before the parole board by bringing in a whole bigger group of crimes, sort of doubling the list of people that are just ineligible to ask for early parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:09] OK, that’s the first part. What’s the second thing it does?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:06:12] It would also make it a lot easier to charge people with felony theft by lowering back the dollar threshold. So, this would say instead of $900 it’s at $450.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:23] And the third thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:06:24] It would also kind of, I would say, tie the board of parole hearings, hands a little bit more by requiring them to look a lot more broadly at an inmate’s history when they’re considering release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:06:38] And finally, and I would say this might be the least controversial aspect of it, it would reinstate DNA collection for people who have been convicted of a long list of misdemeanors. Right now, if you, if you get a misdemeanor conviction they do not collect your DNA and put it in the state and federal database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:00] And I know you’ve been talking with folks on both sides of this issue. You know, give me a broad sense of what people are saying on the yes side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:07:07] So, this is broadly supported by the kind of typical law and order groups that you might expect to be pushing harsher criminal sentencing laws. We’re talking police unions, we’re talking some of the more conservative prosecutors in the state. Even one victims group that was really instrumental in the 90s in pushing things like three strikes. They basically say that the reforms of the past decade or so went too far, that violent offenders are getting out of prison who shouldn’t be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:36] One of those earlier reform measures that passed relied on a list that the state has that delineates which crimes are considered violent. People convicted of those violent crimes were not eligible for early parole. But if someone’s crime wasn’t on that list, they technically were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:07:52] So that is a pretty limited list. It does include things like murder and rape, but there’s some specifics within the code, like rape of an unconscious person isn’t included on that list. And so Richard Temple, the consultant for the yes side, says that essentially voters were misled by \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/proposition57/\">Prop 57\u003c/a> and some of these other reforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Temple clip\u003c/strong> [00:08:12] It was designed for nonviolent offenders. That’s what voters were told – that’s what the governor promised, even afterwards, if there was any situation his administration would fix it by regulations. Both did not happen. So, there are violent crimes that under California law are not classified as violence, and therefore these criminals are allowed early release, which is not what Proposition 57 promised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:08:36] I think folks pushing some of these earlier reforms didn’t talk very deeply about what which statute, you know, would be considered a violent offense versus which wouldn’t. But the parole board still has a lot of discretion here, it’s largely made up of former law enforcement officials. And what the other side would say to that is, well, it’s very unusual that you would be in prison for just, say, rape of an unconscious person. There’s probably other charges, and the parole board is going to look at the whole picture, not just go kind of by the nitty gritty of what the statutes say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:09] And what about those who are lining up against it? What do they think?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:09:12] So, the biggest name is Governor Jerry Brown, who helped draft some of these earlier reforms that this would roll back. But this is kind of also a who’s who of the Democratic establishment, including the current governor, Gavin Newsom. And additionally, a lot of the public employee unions and other big kind of left leaning labor organizations. There’s also some groups representing victims that are against this measure. And these are folks who have tried to kind of reframe the discussion around who is a victim, who is a survivor of crime – they more represent communities of color, people who maybe live in places where, yes, they’ve been victims of crime, but they or their family members have also been accused of crimes. And they see healing needs to happen at the community level and worry that locking more people up won’t actually help victims, but actually hurt them by taking money away from victim services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"KQED’s 2020 California Voter Guide\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/,All the State Props, All the Bay Area Measures\" hero=https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/10/KQED-Election-2020-Aside-CA-Voter-Guide.png]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:04] I think I find it pretty interesting that some of the, you know, people that you spoke with are victims of crimes that I would have assumed would have been in favor of keeping people in prison longer, but they actually come out on the other side of things. Why is that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:10:19] Take someone like Sophora Acheson, she’s executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.rubysplace.org/\">Ruby’s Place\u003c/a>, it’s a domestic violence shelter. She was on a call recently where she talked about being a survivor of child sexual abuse and domestic violence. And, you know, she felt like the idea that sending somebody who harms you to prison is not actually a long term solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sophora Acheson\u003c/strong> [00:10:41] It provided temporary sense of safety when the person that caused me harm was in jail, but it didn’t change their behavior. And where the healing really came in for me is from the services, from counseling, from shelter, from case management. And also the rehabilitation services of those that caused harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:11:07] I think that they are really a new voice in this whole debate that has been dominated for a long time by people who really favored a harsher approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:20] And let’s talk a little bit about the spending on this campaign. What have you seen so far?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:11:24] Proposition 20 is being far outspent and outraised so far by their opponents. They have about a million and a half in the bank, and they have not really raised a ton of money this year. On the other hand, you have, you know, Governor Jerry Brown putting a million dollars into defeating this measure. You also have some foundations and other sort of good government and civil rights groups who have put money into it. And so, the no side actually has over five million dollars in the bank, and I think we’re going to see them being, like, ramping up their campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:57] All right. Well, politics correspondent Marisa Lagos, thanks for your help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:12:01] My pleasure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:04] A quick recap: A vote yes on Proposition 20 says you want to take early parole away as an option for some crimes. Recategorize certain types of theft and fraud crimes, so they could be charged as a misdemeanor or a felony instead, of just as a misdemeanor. And require DNA collection from people convicted of certain misdemeanors. A no vote means you think the current laws should stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:32] We’ll be back Monday with more Bay Curious Prop Fest. Some big ones are still on deck; props that deal with rent control, how companies like Uber and Lyft classify their workers, and whether or not California jails should use cash bail. Bay Curious Prop Fest is produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/katrinaschwartz\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a>, Rob Speight and me, Olivia Allen-Price, with help from all of our smart friends in the KQED newsroom. You can find audio and transcripts of these episodes at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curiou.org/PropFest.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:13:07] If you want to learn more about the local measures on your ballot around the Bay Area, I highly recommend \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide\">KQED’s Voter Guide\u003c/a>. You can select the county where you live and see all sorts of interesting stuff about what’s on the ballot there. Find it at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide\">KQED.org/elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:13:25] Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member supported KQED. Thanks so much for listening, and I hope you all have a great weekend.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>We’re explaining the 12 propositions on the California ballot in our series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> (psst, check out the \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k?si=t9N5QWyuSOqBrXf6r-EUqw\">podcast\u003c/a> if you haven’t already). Today we take on Proposition 20, which revisits some recently passed legislation aimed at reducing California’s inmate population. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC1788378647&light=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"200\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] Hello. Hello. Happy Friday, everybody. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a> here, and you’re tuned in to our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. Twelve statewide propositions. Twelve days. Let’s go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:14] \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/20/\">Proposition 20\u003c/a> would walk back some changes made to the state’s criminal justice law over the past decade. Here’s how you’ll see it on your ballot:.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:22] Proposition 20 restricts parole for nonviolent offenders, authorizes felony sentences for certain offenses currently treated only as misdemeanors, and requires DNA samples from people convicted of specified misdemeanors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] Yes, this one has a lot of pieces to it. We’ll unpack it all today on the show. It’s Prop 20, the criminal sentencing prop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:52] Hey, everyone. Just a quick programing note in this episode, we discuss violent crime, including rape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] Here to talk Prop 20 with us is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mlagos\">Marisa Lagos\u003c/a>, KQED politics correspondent and co-host of the Political Breakdown podcast. Good morning, Marisa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:01:07] Morning, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:08] So, what is Prop 20 about? Why are we even voting on this?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:01:12] There has been a lot of reforms in California over the past decade or so around criminal justice, and most of them were really aimed at reducing the prison population and giving people more opportunities for rehabilitation. It was sort of a reversal of the tough on crime push that we saw largely in the 1990s. And a lot of those changes have been very controversial among law enforcement. They were not pleased, particularly with two ballot measures that voters passed in 2014 and 2016. And I would say, kind of top level, Proposition 20 is aimed at rolling back some of the key portions of those ballot measures, and essentially making it harder for a lot of people to get out of prison and potentially easier for DA’s [District Attorneys] to send a lot of people to jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:59] Now, let’s get into some of those ballot measures, because I feel like I was just voting on this, you know, during the last presidential election. You know, so, what were some those reforms? And you what happened there?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:02:09] Yeah. I mean, in 2011, as Governor Jerry Brown took office, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of a very long standing lawsuit that essentially challenged California’s – the way it was treating prisoners. And what the courts found was that essentially California’s prisons were so overcrowded that it was resulting in inmates dying – at one point, at a rate of like one person a day, I believe. And the court said, you, California, have to find a way to reduce the number of people in your prisons or essentially the courts are just gonna open up the doors and let prisoners out, you know, willy nilly. And so the state kind of embarked on a series of reforms. The first one, it was passed in the legislature in 2011. It’s called realignment. It was kind of the building block for some of these later reforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:55] Right. Yeah. So, a lot of us will probably remember realignment. That is when the state changed the punishment for many crimes so that people convicted were sent to jail instead of prison. But, Marisa that was just the beginning of reforms, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:03:09] Sort of parallel to that, we have seen a real awakening around racial justice and criminal justice in California. It started to really shift public opinion and the kind of tough on crime mantra that really dominated the day during the 1990s started to slip. And I think voters were more willing to take a chance and try some new things because a lot of people felt like what was being done wasn’t working and we were just kind of burning up public funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:41] All right, so public opinion is, is moving on some these big topics. How did they take advantage of that to bring about some reforms?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:03:48] Yes, so first, there was a ballot measure in 2014. This was Proposition 47. It essentially made a lot of felonies, misdemeanors. So if you had a simple drug possession arrest on your record, if you were caught shoplifting less than $900 worth of merchandise, instead of getting charged with a felony, you could get charged with a misdemeanor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:08] All right. So that means fewer people are being sent to prison, which should mean the state saved some money here, right? What happens to the extra cash?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:04:17] It also had a provision saying, we’re going to take the savings from those lower prison and jail populations and actually put them right back into programs that will hopefully help prevent future crimes by supporting communities and kids, and rehabilitating people who have been in prison, and by spending more money on victim services. So, this was really an attempt to sort of shift the narrative and the actual money flow away from incarceration and back in to rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:46] All right, so that’s one set of reforms, but you said there were more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:04:50] The second measure was actually written by Jerry Brown. I think there was a sense that they had gone as far as they could in the legislature to help reduce the prison population and that they needed to ask voters to change the law so that far more felons could go before the parole board earlier. So this was a, was a measure that really allowed a broader class of prison inmates to potentially apply for rehabilitative programs and then asked the parole board to release them early. It didn’t guarantee any early releases, but it has resulted in thousands of inmates getting out, you know, in some cases years before they would have even been eligible to ask for that release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:34] And then we get from those to where we are today, voting on Prop 20, our criminal sentencing prop. Marissa, I understand that Prop 20 would change four things. Let’s start in on what it would do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:05:47] Broadly, this is a ballot measure written by law enforcement – from their perspective, fixing some of the problems with those earlier reforms. It would reduce the number of people eligible to go before the parole board by bringing in a whole bigger group of crimes, sort of doubling the list of people that are just ineligible to ask for early parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:09] OK, that’s the first part. What’s the second thing it does?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:06:12] It would also make it a lot easier to charge people with felony theft by lowering back the dollar threshold. So, this would say instead of $900 it’s at $450.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:23] And the third thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:06:24] It would also kind of, I would say, tie the board of parole hearings, hands a little bit more by requiring them to look a lot more broadly at an inmate’s history when they’re considering release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:06:38] And finally, and I would say this might be the least controversial aspect of it, it would reinstate DNA collection for people who have been convicted of a long list of misdemeanors. Right now, if you, if you get a misdemeanor conviction they do not collect your DNA and put it in the state and federal database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:00] And I know you’ve been talking with folks on both sides of this issue. You know, give me a broad sense of what people are saying on the yes side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:07:07] So, this is broadly supported by the kind of typical law and order groups that you might expect to be pushing harsher criminal sentencing laws. We’re talking police unions, we’re talking some of the more conservative prosecutors in the state. Even one victims group that was really instrumental in the 90s in pushing things like three strikes. They basically say that the reforms of the past decade or so went too far, that violent offenders are getting out of prison who shouldn’t be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:36] One of those earlier reform measures that passed relied on a list that the state has that delineates which crimes are considered violent. People convicted of those violent crimes were not eligible for early parole. But if someone’s crime wasn’t on that list, they technically were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:07:52] So that is a pretty limited list. It does include things like murder and rape, but there’s some specifics within the code, like rape of an unconscious person isn’t included on that list. And so Richard Temple, the consultant for the yes side, says that essentially voters were misled by \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/proposition57/\">Prop 57\u003c/a> and some of these other reforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Temple clip\u003c/strong> [00:08:12] It was designed for nonviolent offenders. That’s what voters were told – that’s what the governor promised, even afterwards, if there was any situation his administration would fix it by regulations. Both did not happen. So, there are violent crimes that under California law are not classified as violence, and therefore these criminals are allowed early release, which is not what Proposition 57 promised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:08:36] I think folks pushing some of these earlier reforms didn’t talk very deeply about what which statute, you know, would be considered a violent offense versus which wouldn’t. But the parole board still has a lot of discretion here, it’s largely made up of former law enforcement officials. And what the other side would say to that is, well, it’s very unusual that you would be in prison for just, say, rape of an unconscious person. There’s probably other charges, and the parole board is going to look at the whole picture, not just go kind of by the nitty gritty of what the statutes say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:09] And what about those who are lining up against it? What do they think?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:09:12] So, the biggest name is Governor Jerry Brown, who helped draft some of these earlier reforms that this would roll back. But this is kind of also a who’s who of the Democratic establishment, including the current governor, Gavin Newsom. And additionally, a lot of the public employee unions and other big kind of left leaning labor organizations. There’s also some groups representing victims that are against this measure. And these are folks who have tried to kind of reframe the discussion around who is a victim, who is a survivor of crime – they more represent communities of color, people who maybe live in places where, yes, they’ve been victims of crime, but they or their family members have also been accused of crimes. And they see healing needs to happen at the community level and worry that locking more people up won’t actually help victims, but actually hurt them by taking money away from victim services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:04] I think I find it pretty interesting that some of the, you know, people that you spoke with are victims of crimes that I would have assumed would have been in favor of keeping people in prison longer, but they actually come out on the other side of things. Why is that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:10:19] Take someone like Sophora Acheson, she’s executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.rubysplace.org/\">Ruby’s Place\u003c/a>, it’s a domestic violence shelter. She was on a call recently where she talked about being a survivor of child sexual abuse and domestic violence. And, you know, she felt like the idea that sending somebody who harms you to prison is not actually a long term solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sophora Acheson\u003c/strong> [00:10:41] It provided temporary sense of safety when the person that caused me harm was in jail, but it didn’t change their behavior. And where the healing really came in for me is from the services, from counseling, from shelter, from case management. And also the rehabilitation services of those that caused harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:11:07] I think that they are really a new voice in this whole debate that has been dominated for a long time by people who really favored a harsher approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:20] And let’s talk a little bit about the spending on this campaign. What have you seen so far?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:11:24] Proposition 20 is being far outspent and outraised so far by their opponents. They have about a million and a half in the bank, and they have not really raised a ton of money this year. On the other hand, you have, you know, Governor Jerry Brown putting a million dollars into defeating this measure. You also have some foundations and other sort of good government and civil rights groups who have put money into it. And so, the no side actually has over five million dollars in the bank, and I think we’re going to see them being, like, ramping up their campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:57] All right. Well, politics correspondent Marisa Lagos, thanks for your help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marisa Lagos\u003c/strong> [00:12:01] My pleasure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:04] A quick recap: A vote yes on Proposition 20 says you want to take early parole away as an option for some crimes. Recategorize certain types of theft and fraud crimes, so they could be charged as a misdemeanor or a felony instead, of just as a misdemeanor. And require DNA collection from people convicted of certain misdemeanors. A no vote means you think the current laws should stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:32] We’ll be back Monday with more Bay Curious Prop Fest. Some big ones are still on deck; props that deal with rent control, how companies like Uber and Lyft classify their workers, and whether or not California jails should use cash bail. Bay Curious Prop Fest is produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/katrinaschwartz\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a>, Rob Speight and me, Olivia Allen-Price, with help from all of our smart friends in the KQED newsroom. You can find audio and transcripts of these episodes at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curiou.org/PropFest.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:13:07] If you want to learn more about the local measures on your ballot around the Bay Area, I highly recommend \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide\">KQED’s Voter Guide\u003c/a>. You can select the county where you live and see all sorts of interesting stuff about what’s on the ballot there. Find it at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide\">KQED.org/elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:13:25] Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member supported KQED. Thanks so much for listening, and I hope you all have a great weekend.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>We’re explaining the 12 propositions on the California ballot in our series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> (psst, check out the \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k?si=t9N5QWyuSOqBrXf6r-EUqw\">podcast\u003c/a> if you haven’t already). Today we take on Proposition 19, would allow some homeowners to take low property tax assessments with them when they buy a new home.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC2564614474&light=true\" width=\"100%\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] It’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a>, I’m \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme song\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:04] Would it even be election season in California if we weren’t voting on property taxes? Today we’ll look at Proposition 19, which would allow some homeowners to take low property tax assessments with them when they buy a new home. A warning now: This one is a bit of a doozy. There are winners and losers. The Big Lebowski factors in at one point. So roll up your sleeves with us, we’re getting into the nitty gritty on Proposition 19, property tax transfer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>End theme song\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:43] We’re going to kick off our deep dive into Proposition 19 by taking a trip with KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/scottshafer\">Scott Shafer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:00:49] So, let’s start at the beginning. First of all, tell me your name and a little bit about yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:00:54] Oh, God.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:00:55] Kenneth Wilkins is a long time resident of North Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer clip\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] Just spell your name for me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:01] Kenneth. K – E – N – N . . .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:01] And he’s been there – he was born, basically in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer clip\u003c/strong> [00:01:06] So, you moved here, you say ’86?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:10] 1976.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:10] It’s a beautiful neighborhood. It’s a very quiet, tree lined streets, mostly single family homes, a few larger apartment buildings. There’s a lot of construction going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:20] It seems like everyone who purchased a house, they’re refurbishing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:24] He was walking me down the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:26] This house, it was the Dixons, here. And they were here when I came in 1976. And this one here, Mr. Armstrong, he helped us with some plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:37] So he’s been on the block for 40 some years. How much was that house when he first bought it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:42] Well, it’s very funny, he pointed to a car, his car, that was parked in front of the house. And he said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:48] Actually, it cost less than this car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer clip\u003c/strong> [00:01:51] Is that right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:51] This car cost $21,000, I think, and it was less than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:56] It’s like a Toyota, you know, not something he could find in his, you know, the cushions of his couch. But nonetheless, you get a sense of, you know, how much it’s gone up. It’s – those houses now sell for three quarters of a million or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:02:08] I never dreamed that a house would be sold for over a million in this neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer clip\u003c/strong> [00:02:16] But they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:02:17] But they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:18] Because Kenneth has been the same house for so long, he’s benefited from Proposition 13, the law that passed in 1978 that dramatically curtailed how much homeowners pay in property taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:02:32] And you remember if you voted for it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:02:34] I think, I think I did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:02:35] His tax bill is, I don’t know exactly what it is, but it’s a lot less than somebody who lives next door and just bought the house and is paying taxes based on the market rate assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:46] We explained the history of 1978’s Prop 13 in an earlier episode of Prop Fest. But, here’s what’s important to remember; it based the property tax that homeowners pay on the purchase price of the home. So, as home values have gone up, like they have in Kenneth’s neighborhood, the tax bills that homeowners like Kenneth pay, have stayed about the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:03:07] As a senior homeowner your taxes basically haven’t gone up a lot since you first originally bought your home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:14] This is KQED reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jrodriguez\">Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/a>. He’s gonna help us out today. Now, in some ways, Prop 13 was a huge success. It stabilized property tax bills and has helped a lot of people stay in their homes. But it also brought about some problems, problems that proponents of Prop 19 say they’re going to fix. For one, property taxes fund our schools. So, lower taxes has meant less money for education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:03:39] We used to be, you know, one of the top per pupil spenders on schools, but now we’re among the lowest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:46] Another issue is low tax bills have effectively trapped some older folks in their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:03:52] What it looks like now is that when you buy a new home, right, you all of a sudden are seeing your property tax rate go up by an incredible amount because yours has been frozen in time. And this, people contend, has scared some seniors from wanting to buy new homes, having a ripple effect throughout the home buying economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:20] Because the property tax value resets every time a house is sold, local governments and schools get more money when there’s a higher turnover in our housing stock. And people are concerned that the way that laws are set up now discourages that kind of turnover. To address those issues – and at the urging of realtors who stand to gain a lot here – the California legislature put Proposition 19 on this year’s ballot. It does three main things. Let’s start with the big one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:04:51] So what this would do, would allow you, as a senior, to basically take the amount of property tax you pay now and take that with you to the new home you’re buying, assuming it’s around the same price. When more seniors are moving out of their long term homes, there is a hope that younger folks will be able to purchase those homes and spur more buying across the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:18] If a senior, which this prop defines as 55 and older, wanted to move to a more expensive home, they’d pay a bit more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:05:26] The formula is: The home that you are buying, that price, let’s say it’s 700,000 dollars, minus the home you’re selling, let’s say it’s 500,000 dollars. The difference is 200,000 dollars, right. So that difference is then assessed at the market rate and that is added on to the property tax you’ve been paying as a senior with a reduced rate under Prop 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:51] If Prop 19 passes, seniors could move like this three times. Now, two other groups would also get these benefits as well. Those living with a severe disability, and people who are victims of a natural disaster like a wildfire or earthquake. But they could only move once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:13] I should mention a limited form of property tax transfer is already available to seniors, but it comes with a lot of conditions about where you can move, and how much you can spend on a home, and how many times you can do it. Prop 19 allows eligible homeowners to move anywhere to any priced home and take their property tax assessment with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:40] Now onto the second thing that Prop 19 would do:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:06:43] The way that the inheritance works now is, is if you, Olivia, inherit property from your parents – whether you live in it or you don’t live in it, you rent it out – you can keep their property tax levels. It doesn’t get reassessed as if it were sold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:01] The Los Angeles Times did \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-california-property-taxes-elites-201808-htmlstory.html\">this investigation\u003c/a> a few years ago and found state and local governments were losing out on billions because of this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:07:08] What they found is that, you know, there is a sizable portion of folks who are not living in the property and are renting it out and making a lot of money. And one of those people is actor Jeff Bridges, who played the titular character in \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0118715/\">The Big Lebowski.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be7Og9Gc_KY\">\u003cstrong>Big Lebowski clip\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> [00:07:25] I am not Mr. Lebowski. You’re Mr Lebowski. I’m the Dude. So that’s what you call me, you know?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:07:33] Then in the L.A. Times own reporting, they found that Jeff Bridges was renting it out monthly for far more than he was paying in property taxes annually, and just because he inherited it from his parents and he inherited their property tax rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:48] This has come to be known as “The Lebowski Loophole”. Prop 19 tries to address it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:07:54] Essentially, The Lebowski Loophole be somewhat winnowed. I don’t want to say it’s closed because essentially what it would do is for anyone who elects not to live in the property, if you decide to rent out the property, then it will be reassessed at the market rate. And your property taxes are going to go up. If you live in the property, then they’re going to ease up on you. And you can continue paying the same property tax rate that your parents paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:21] All right. On to a final thing that Prop 19 would do. Now property taxes are a local government resource, but they still affect the state budget because of how we’ve set up some of our education funding. So, the state stands to save some money if local governments are taking in more revenue. If Prop 19 passes, the state must create two new funds using those savings. One would be for wildfire protection and response – something we definitely need more funding for. And the other would be to reimburse any counties that might end up losing money because of this measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:02] Joe, let’s move on to who is supporting this prop. Who wants to see property tax transfers expanded?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:09:08] The list of supporters is as long as my arm, and its governor, Gavin Newsom, its Democratic clubs, it’s the firefighters themselves they are coming out there in commercials for it. If anyone has goodwill in California right now, it’s firefighters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:24] So, what are the supporters arguing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:09:26] Supporters are arguing that, you know, this, this loophole, this inhereter loophole has long needed to be addressed and that it could be very helpful to have seniors downgrading their homes and buying smaller homes to putter around in in their elder years. That, you know, this would actually help younger homebuyers who want to buy older stock that might be cheaper – especially useful during a housing crisis where we need to invigorate the purchasing of homes in California, but also that schools are going to benefit in a big way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:56] And what about arguments against this one?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:09:59] Yeah, so the arguments against have been very limited and a little scattered. Like there’s the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be7Og9Gc_KY\">Howard Jarvis [Taxpayers] Association\u003c/a> is not for it. And then there’s a few newspaper editorials against it, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/\">The Orange County Register\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/\">San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/08/01/editorial-prop-19-perpetuates-california-property-tax-inequity/\">their argument\u003c/a> was basically, how dare you hurt inheritors who are one class of people that you shouldn’t be knocking just to help another class of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:19] The L.A. Times, whose editorial board leans more liberal, has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2020-09-17/vote-no-on-proposition-19\">come out against it.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:10:24] The argument was that this exacerbates inequality and helps an already-helped group, which is seniors – who have already benefited greatly from Prop 13 – and hurting those who are in a generation who have not been able to buy homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:38] They argue Prop 19 skews tax breaks further away from people who don’t own a home or may be struggling to buy one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:10:46] And a lot of their arguments in the editorials were we have a tax code problem – the tax code needs to be overhauled. Plug in one leak, while letting another one pour out, why aren’t we just redoing the whole thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:58] Spending on this ballot measure has been very lopsided as of early October, with 36 million dollars coming from those who want to see property tax transfers expanded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:11:09] A huge portion of that is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.car.org/\">California Association of Realtors\u003c/a>. And the realtors stand to benefit, incredibly, by seeing homes sold throughout California. The realtors have incredible political influence throughout the state of California, in the state legislature, which is part of how this got to the ballot, which was by the state legislature, but at the behest of the realtors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:31] Spending to defeat this prop has been pretty modest: $45,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:11:36] There really is no organized no on Prop 19 that has any significant funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:43] KQED reporter Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez, thanks for your help on this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:11:46] Thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:50] A vote yes on Prop 19 says you want seniors, people with severe disabilities and victims of natural disasters to be able to move their property tax assessments to another property in the state. If they buy a more expensive home, they would pay an upward adjustment. And people who inherit property would have to live in the home to keep a low tax assessment. Otherwise, it would be adjusted to market rate. A vote no on Prop 19 would keep things as they currently are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:23] That’s it on Prop 19. Well done for sticking with it. Tomorrow, we’ll look at Prop 20, a tough on crime measure that aims to rollback some criminal justice reforms from recent years. If you’re finding Prop Fest helpful, let us know by leaving a rating or review for \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\">Bay Curious on Apple podcasts\u003c/a>. It takes just a minute. And we’ll help other people find our show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:45] Bay Curious Prop Fest is a labor of love made by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/katrinaschwartz\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a>, Rob Speight, Katie McMurran and me, Olivia Allen-Price with support from the entire KQED newsroom. We’ll be back tomorrow. I’ll see you then.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Right now, seniors can transfer property tax assessments to a new home in a limited capacity. Prop 19 would expand their options, add more eligible homeowners into the fold, and could increase taxes on some who inherit property. ",
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"title": "What You Need To Know About Prop. 19 and Property Tax Transfers (Transcript) | KQED",
"description": "Right now, seniors can transfer property tax assessments to a new home in a limited capacity. Prop 19 would expand their options, add more eligible homeowners into the fold, and could increase taxes on some who inherit property. ",
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"headline": "What You Need To Know About Prop. 19 and Property Tax Transfers (Transcript)",
"datePublished": "2020-10-08T03:00:16-07:00",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>We’re explaining the 12 propositions on the California ballot in our series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> (psst, check out the \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k?si=t9N5QWyuSOqBrXf6r-EUqw\">podcast\u003c/a> if you haven’t already). Today we take on Proposition 19, would allow some homeowners to take low property tax assessments with them when they buy a new home.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC2564614474&light=true\" width=\"100%\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] It’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a>, I’m \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme song\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:04] Would it even be election season in California if we weren’t voting on property taxes? Today we’ll look at Proposition 19, which would allow some homeowners to take low property tax assessments with them when they buy a new home. A warning now: This one is a bit of a doozy. There are winners and losers. The Big Lebowski factors in at one point. So roll up your sleeves with us, we’re getting into the nitty gritty on Proposition 19, property tax transfer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>End theme song\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:43] We’re going to kick off our deep dive into Proposition 19 by taking a trip with KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/scottshafer\">Scott Shafer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:00:49] So, let’s start at the beginning. First of all, tell me your name and a little bit about yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:00:54] Oh, God.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:00:55] Kenneth Wilkins is a long time resident of North Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer clip\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] Just spell your name for me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:01] Kenneth. K – E – N – N . . .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:01] And he’s been there – he was born, basically in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer clip\u003c/strong> [00:01:06] So, you moved here, you say ’86?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:10] 1976.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:10] It’s a beautiful neighborhood. It’s a very quiet, tree lined streets, mostly single family homes, a few larger apartment buildings. There’s a lot of construction going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:20] It seems like everyone who purchased a house, they’re refurbishing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:24] He was walking me down the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:26] This house, it was the Dixons, here. And they were here when I came in 1976. And this one here, Mr. Armstrong, he helped us with some plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:37] So he’s been on the block for 40 some years. How much was that house when he first bought it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:42] Well, it’s very funny, he pointed to a car, his car, that was parked in front of the house. And he said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:48] Actually, it cost less than this car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer clip\u003c/strong> [00:01:51] Is that right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:01:51] This car cost $21,000, I think, and it was less than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:56] It’s like a Toyota, you know, not something he could find in his, you know, the cushions of his couch. But nonetheless, you get a sense of, you know, how much it’s gone up. It’s – those houses now sell for three quarters of a million or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:02:08] I never dreamed that a house would be sold for over a million in this neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer clip\u003c/strong> [00:02:16] But they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:02:17] But they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:18] Because Kenneth has been the same house for so long, he’s benefited from Proposition 13, the law that passed in 1978 that dramatically curtailed how much homeowners pay in property taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:02:32] And you remember if you voted for it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kenneth Wilkins\u003c/strong> [00:02:34] I think, I think I did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:02:35] His tax bill is, I don’t know exactly what it is, but it’s a lot less than somebody who lives next door and just bought the house and is paying taxes based on the market rate assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:46] We explained the history of 1978’s Prop 13 in an earlier episode of Prop Fest. But, here’s what’s important to remember; it based the property tax that homeowners pay on the purchase price of the home. So, as home values have gone up, like they have in Kenneth’s neighborhood, the tax bills that homeowners like Kenneth pay, have stayed about the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:03:07] As a senior homeowner your taxes basically haven’t gone up a lot since you first originally bought your home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:14] This is KQED reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jrodriguez\">Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/a>. He’s gonna help us out today. Now, in some ways, Prop 13 was a huge success. It stabilized property tax bills and has helped a lot of people stay in their homes. But it also brought about some problems, problems that proponents of Prop 19 say they’re going to fix. For one, property taxes fund our schools. So, lower taxes has meant less money for education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:03:39] We used to be, you know, one of the top per pupil spenders on schools, but now we’re among the lowest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:46] Another issue is low tax bills have effectively trapped some older folks in their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:03:52] What it looks like now is that when you buy a new home, right, you all of a sudden are seeing your property tax rate go up by an incredible amount because yours has been frozen in time. And this, people contend, has scared some seniors from wanting to buy new homes, having a ripple effect throughout the home buying economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:20] Because the property tax value resets every time a house is sold, local governments and schools get more money when there’s a higher turnover in our housing stock. And people are concerned that the way that laws are set up now discourages that kind of turnover. To address those issues – and at the urging of realtors who stand to gain a lot here – the California legislature put Proposition 19 on this year’s ballot. It does three main things. Let’s start with the big one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:04:51] So what this would do, would allow you, as a senior, to basically take the amount of property tax you pay now and take that with you to the new home you’re buying, assuming it’s around the same price. When more seniors are moving out of their long term homes, there is a hope that younger folks will be able to purchase those homes and spur more buying across the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:18] If a senior, which this prop defines as 55 and older, wanted to move to a more expensive home, they’d pay a bit more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:05:26] The formula is: The home that you are buying, that price, let’s say it’s 700,000 dollars, minus the home you’re selling, let’s say it’s 500,000 dollars. The difference is 200,000 dollars, right. So that difference is then assessed at the market rate and that is added on to the property tax you’ve been paying as a senior with a reduced rate under Prop 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:51] If Prop 19 passes, seniors could move like this three times. Now, two other groups would also get these benefits as well. Those living with a severe disability, and people who are victims of a natural disaster like a wildfire or earthquake. But they could only move once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:13] I should mention a limited form of property tax transfer is already available to seniors, but it comes with a lot of conditions about where you can move, and how much you can spend on a home, and how many times you can do it. Prop 19 allows eligible homeowners to move anywhere to any priced home and take their property tax assessment with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:40] Now onto the second thing that Prop 19 would do:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:06:43] The way that the inheritance works now is, is if you, Olivia, inherit property from your parents – whether you live in it or you don’t live in it, you rent it out – you can keep their property tax levels. It doesn’t get reassessed as if it were sold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:01] The Los Angeles Times did \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-california-property-taxes-elites-201808-htmlstory.html\">this investigation\u003c/a> a few years ago and found state and local governments were losing out on billions because of this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:07:08] What they found is that, you know, there is a sizable portion of folks who are not living in the property and are renting it out and making a lot of money. And one of those people is actor Jeff Bridges, who played the titular character in \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0118715/\">The Big Lebowski.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be7Og9Gc_KY\">\u003cstrong>Big Lebowski clip\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> [00:07:25] I am not Mr. Lebowski. You’re Mr Lebowski. I’m the Dude. So that’s what you call me, you know?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:07:33] Then in the L.A. Times own reporting, they found that Jeff Bridges was renting it out monthly for far more than he was paying in property taxes annually, and just because he inherited it from his parents and he inherited their property tax rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:48] This has come to be known as “The Lebowski Loophole”. Prop 19 tries to address it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:07:54] Essentially, The Lebowski Loophole be somewhat winnowed. I don’t want to say it’s closed because essentially what it would do is for anyone who elects not to live in the property, if you decide to rent out the property, then it will be reassessed at the market rate. And your property taxes are going to go up. If you live in the property, then they’re going to ease up on you. And you can continue paying the same property tax rate that your parents paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:21] All right. On to a final thing that Prop 19 would do. Now property taxes are a local government resource, but they still affect the state budget because of how we’ve set up some of our education funding. So, the state stands to save some money if local governments are taking in more revenue. If Prop 19 passes, the state must create two new funds using those savings. One would be for wildfire protection and response – something we definitely need more funding for. And the other would be to reimburse any counties that might end up losing money because of this measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:02] Joe, let’s move on to who is supporting this prop. Who wants to see property tax transfers expanded?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:09:08] The list of supporters is as long as my arm, and its governor, Gavin Newsom, its Democratic clubs, it’s the firefighters themselves they are coming out there in commercials for it. If anyone has goodwill in California right now, it’s firefighters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:24] So, what are the supporters arguing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:09:26] Supporters are arguing that, you know, this, this loophole, this inhereter loophole has long needed to be addressed and that it could be very helpful to have seniors downgrading their homes and buying smaller homes to putter around in in their elder years. That, you know, this would actually help younger homebuyers who want to buy older stock that might be cheaper – especially useful during a housing crisis where we need to invigorate the purchasing of homes in California, but also that schools are going to benefit in a big way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:56] And what about arguments against this one?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:09:59] Yeah, so the arguments against have been very limited and a little scattered. Like there’s the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be7Og9Gc_KY\">Howard Jarvis [Taxpayers] Association\u003c/a> is not for it. And then there’s a few newspaper editorials against it, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/\">The Orange County Register\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/\">San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/08/01/editorial-prop-19-perpetuates-california-property-tax-inequity/\">their argument\u003c/a> was basically, how dare you hurt inheritors who are one class of people that you shouldn’t be knocking just to help another class of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:19] The L.A. Times, whose editorial board leans more liberal, has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2020-09-17/vote-no-on-proposition-19\">come out against it.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:10:24] The argument was that this exacerbates inequality and helps an already-helped group, which is seniors – who have already benefited greatly from Prop 13 – and hurting those who are in a generation who have not been able to buy homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:38] They argue Prop 19 skews tax breaks further away from people who don’t own a home or may be struggling to buy one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:10:46] And a lot of their arguments in the editorials were we have a tax code problem – the tax code needs to be overhauled. Plug in one leak, while letting another one pour out, why aren’t we just redoing the whole thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:58] Spending on this ballot measure has been very lopsided as of early October, with 36 million dollars coming from those who want to see property tax transfers expanded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:11:09] A huge portion of that is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.car.org/\">California Association of Realtors\u003c/a>. And the realtors stand to benefit, incredibly, by seeing homes sold throughout California. The realtors have incredible political influence throughout the state of California, in the state legislature, which is part of how this got to the ballot, which was by the state legislature, but at the behest of the realtors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:31] Spending to defeat this prop has been pretty modest: $45,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:11:36] There really is no organized no on Prop 19 that has any significant funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:43] KQED reporter Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez, thanks for your help on this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez\u003c/strong> [00:11:46] Thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:50] A vote yes on Prop 19 says you want seniors, people with severe disabilities and victims of natural disasters to be able to move their property tax assessments to another property in the state. If they buy a more expensive home, they would pay an upward adjustment. And people who inherit property would have to live in the home to keep a low tax assessment. Otherwise, it would be adjusted to market rate. A vote no on Prop 19 would keep things as they currently are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:23] That’s it on Prop 19. Well done for sticking with it. Tomorrow, we’ll look at Prop 20, a tough on crime measure that aims to rollback some criminal justice reforms from recent years. If you’re finding Prop Fest helpful, let us know by leaving a rating or review for \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\">Bay Curious on Apple podcasts\u003c/a>. It takes just a minute. And we’ll help other people find our show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:45] Bay Curious Prop Fest is a labor of love made by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/katrinaschwartz\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a>, Rob Speight, Katie McMurran and me, Olivia Allen-Price with support from the entire KQED newsroom. We’ll be back tomorrow. I’ll see you then.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Proposition 18: Should 17-Year-Olds Be Eligible To Vote in Primary Elections?",
"headTitle": "Proposition 18: Should 17-Year-Olds Be Eligible To Vote in Primary Elections? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Today we take on Proposition 18, which would give 17-year-olds — who will be 18 by the general election— the right to vote in the primary. We’re explaining all the propositions on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> (psst, check out the \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k?si=t9N5QWyuSOqBrXf6r-EUqw\">podcast\u003c/a> if you haven’t already). We want you to be your best voting self!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC9070353815\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] Hey, hey, everyone. It’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a> coming to you from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a>, our series on the 12 statewide propositions on the California ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:11] KQED’s Guy Marzorati is back again, this time to help us with Proposition 18, which would allow some 17-year-olds to vote in some elections. On your ballot, it reads a little something like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:24] Prop 18 amends the California Constitution to permit 17-year-olds to vote in primary and special elections if they will turn 18 by the next general election and be otherwise eligible to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:34] We’ll get into the ins and outs of this one on today’s show. Stick around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music out\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:43] Politics reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmarzorati\">Guy Marzorati \u003c/a>has been covering \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/18/\">Prop 18\u003c/a> for KQED. Hey, Guy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:00:48] Hey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:49] So, walk us through what we’re voting on here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:00:51] So the very basics is that Proposition 18 would allow 17-year-olds to vote in primary and special elections if they turn 18 by the general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:02] So, to clarify, this would not have helped, for example, me, who was 17 during the 2004 general election and was pretty disgruntled that I wasn’t able to vote, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:01:13] Right. And I was in the same boat, 17 in the 2008 election. This does not change that. If you’re 17, when the general election is happening, you still won’t be able to vote. This is really aimed at the voters who turn 18 in the window between the primary and the general election. It would let them kind of get a head start in voting and let them vote in the primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:32] Now, some people may think, you know, it’s only the primary, it’s not a huge deal. You still get to vote in the general. Why does it even matter that, you know, young people would be voting in primaries?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:01:43] Well, proponents really make two arguments. And the first is a question of fairness. They say it’s only fair that voters in the general election also get to have a voice in the primary. Ella Yitzhaki of San Francisco is now a freshman in college, but for the past few years she’s been advocating for this change for exactly that reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ella Yitzhaki\u003c/strong> [00:02:01] I was cheated out on this election cycle, and thousands of others were cheated out, to not be able to vote in the 2020 primary – such an exciting primary, I should add. It was really disappointing. And I’m not the only one, think about all the people you know who were born between like March and November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:02:16] And then the second argument is really around habit building. So supporters say that voting is a habit, the more you do it, the more you’re likely to do it in the future. And that if you let 17-year-olds vote in the primary, when they’re still in high school, they’re getting civics education, that education could be enriched by actually participating in the electoral process. It’s building a habit for the future and might make these young Californians habitual voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:40] OK, and there are definitely some people who are not excited about the prospect of 17-year-olds voting at all. Let’s hear a little bit about what they argue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:02:48] Right. So, when this was put on the ballot by the state legislature, mostly all Democrats supported it, mostly all Republicans opposed it. And anti-tax groups are also against this measure. They say 17-year-olds, most of them are still in high school and they’re captive audiences in classrooms who could be swayed by teachers, especially on school bonds and school taxes. They say basically they might spend a whole day only hearing one side of a campaign, and while there’s 18 states and the District of Columbia that allow this change as well, the opponents of Prop 18 say California is different because we directly vote on taxes, school bonds, parcel taxes. And they say that these 17-year-olds are not to be trusted in those votes. Here’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.susanshelley.com/\">Susan Shelley\u003c/a> with the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Susan Shelley \u003c/strong>[00:03:33] So if 17-year-olds are seeing this in high school and then they’re voting in a primary on school taxes, school bonds, they can be influenced to vote for these taxes without seeing the full argument. Or having the knowledge of the previous tax increases that may have been passed for the same purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:03:52] Another argument that I read was because our primaries have moved so early, some of these voters will actually be, I mean, closer to 16 than they are to 18 when they would be voting in these primaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:04:05] Yeah, and I think there’s – that’s another argument made on the no side, really about brain development that, you know, we’ve set this legal age at 18 and we shouldn’t go any farther below it. I haven’t seen a whole lot of evidence to suggest that 17-year-olds are somehow less likely to make these decisions than 18-year-olds. There are 17-year-olds who pay taxes after all. But that’s definitely something you’re hearing from the no campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:29] Now, it’s not often that we actually see propositions that benefit teenage Californians. How did this one make it on the ballot in the first place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:04:36] This was put on the ballot by the state legislature. A two thirds vote. And it was largely Democrats who backed it. There was only one Democrat who voted against it in the legislature. Only two Republicans who ended up supporting it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:48] OK. So even though the legislature has already passed this as law, because it’s basically going to be an amendment to the state constitution, they have to get a public approval for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:04:58] That’s right. And you might be thinking, wait, doesn’t the Constitution of the United States kind of set the voting age? And it really only addresses the fact that you can’t deny the right to vote to citizens or 18. It really doesn’t speak to allowing younger citizens to cast ballots, which is why you’ve seen a number of states move in this direction and allow 17-year-olds to participate in the primary, at least if they turn 18 by the general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:22] Is there any idea on what kind of impact this will actually have on voter turnout?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:05:27] Well, we have some idea, and that’s because of a study by the Public Policy Institute of California, which took a look at what they called the so-called Prop 18 voters. And there were 200,000 such Californians in this boat in the last couple elections. These voters are potentially a significant bloc, especially for primary elections, where votes can often be very close – decided by a few thousand, a few hundred votes even. But another key finding that the study found was that the participation of these group of voters is really far from being guaranteed. Experts and civic engagement say that passing this measure alone is not going to be enough to boost turnout rates among young voters. I talked with \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.ucsc.edu/about/directory-faculty.php?uid=vterriqu\">Veronica Terriquez\u003c/a> about this. She’s a sociology professor at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Veronica Terriquez\u003c/strong> [00:06:11] I think that Proposition 18, if it passes, will be very successful at increasing turnout if it is coupled with civics education at the secondary school level. It creates an opportunity for secondary school educators to really concentrate more time and resources to developing curriculum that excites young people about voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:06:38] So, even folks who are back in this change say it’s not a panacea. It won’t solve all the issues around voting rates and participation of young voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:46] All right, KQED politics reporter, Guy Marzorati, thanks for your help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:06:50] Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:55] A vote yes on Proposition 18 says you think 17-year-olds who will be 18 on general election day should be allowed to vote in primaries. A no vote means you think we should keep things the way they are and only allow people who are 18 or older to cast a vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:16] That’s it on Prop 18, the youth voting prop. You can catch up on all of our other Prop Fest episodes in our podcast feed or online at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious dot org slash prop fest\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[00:07:28] Bay Curious is produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/katrinaschwartz\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a>, Rob Speight and Olivia Allen-Price with help from the entire KQED newsroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[00:07:36] We’ll be back tomorrow to talk about a property tax transfers. I, for one, can not wait. See you then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion] \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Proposition 18 would give voters who will be 18 by the general election in November the right to vote in California's primary as 17-year-olds.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Today we take on Proposition 18, which would give 17-year-olds — who will be 18 by the general election— the right to vote in the primary. We’re explaining all the propositions on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a> (psst, check out the \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k?si=t9N5QWyuSOqBrXf6r-EUqw\">podcast\u003c/a> if you haven’t already). We want you to be your best voting self!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC9070353815\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] Hey, hey, everyone. It’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a> coming to you from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a>, our series on the 12 statewide propositions on the California ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:11] KQED’s Guy Marzorati is back again, this time to help us with Proposition 18, which would allow some 17-year-olds to vote in some elections. On your ballot, it reads a little something like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:24] Prop 18 amends the California Constitution to permit 17-year-olds to vote in primary and special elections if they will turn 18 by the next general election and be otherwise eligible to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:34] We’ll get into the ins and outs of this one on today’s show. Stick around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music out\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:43] Politics reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmarzorati\">Guy Marzorati \u003c/a>has been covering \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/18/\">Prop 18\u003c/a> for KQED. Hey, Guy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:00:48] Hey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:49] So, walk us through what we’re voting on here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:00:51] So the very basics is that Proposition 18 would allow 17-year-olds to vote in primary and special elections if they turn 18 by the general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:02] So, to clarify, this would not have helped, for example, me, who was 17 during the 2004 general election and was pretty disgruntled that I wasn’t able to vote, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:01:13] Right. And I was in the same boat, 17 in the 2008 election. This does not change that. If you’re 17, when the general election is happening, you still won’t be able to vote. This is really aimed at the voters who turn 18 in the window between the primary and the general election. It would let them kind of get a head start in voting and let them vote in the primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:32] Now, some people may think, you know, it’s only the primary, it’s not a huge deal. You still get to vote in the general. Why does it even matter that, you know, young people would be voting in primaries?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:01:43] Well, proponents really make two arguments. And the first is a question of fairness. They say it’s only fair that voters in the general election also get to have a voice in the primary. Ella Yitzhaki of San Francisco is now a freshman in college, but for the past few years she’s been advocating for this change for exactly that reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ella Yitzhaki\u003c/strong> [00:02:01] I was cheated out on this election cycle, and thousands of others were cheated out, to not be able to vote in the 2020 primary – such an exciting primary, I should add. It was really disappointing. And I’m not the only one, think about all the people you know who were born between like March and November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:02:16] And then the second argument is really around habit building. So supporters say that voting is a habit, the more you do it, the more you’re likely to do it in the future. And that if you let 17-year-olds vote in the primary, when they’re still in high school, they’re getting civics education, that education could be enriched by actually participating in the electoral process. It’s building a habit for the future and might make these young Californians habitual voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:40] OK, and there are definitely some people who are not excited about the prospect of 17-year-olds voting at all. Let’s hear a little bit about what they argue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:02:48] Right. So, when this was put on the ballot by the state legislature, mostly all Democrats supported it, mostly all Republicans opposed it. And anti-tax groups are also against this measure. They say 17-year-olds, most of them are still in high school and they’re captive audiences in classrooms who could be swayed by teachers, especially on school bonds and school taxes. They say basically they might spend a whole day only hearing one side of a campaign, and while there’s 18 states and the District of Columbia that allow this change as well, the opponents of Prop 18 say California is different because we directly vote on taxes, school bonds, parcel taxes. And they say that these 17-year-olds are not to be trusted in those votes. Here’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.susanshelley.com/\">Susan Shelley\u003c/a> with the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Susan Shelley \u003c/strong>[00:03:33] So if 17-year-olds are seeing this in high school and then they’re voting in a primary on school taxes, school bonds, they can be influenced to vote for these taxes without seeing the full argument. Or having the knowledge of the previous tax increases that may have been passed for the same purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:03:52] Another argument that I read was because our primaries have moved so early, some of these voters will actually be, I mean, closer to 16 than they are to 18 when they would be voting in these primaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:04:05] Yeah, and I think there’s – that’s another argument made on the no side, really about brain development that, you know, we’ve set this legal age at 18 and we shouldn’t go any farther below it. I haven’t seen a whole lot of evidence to suggest that 17-year-olds are somehow less likely to make these decisions than 18-year-olds. There are 17-year-olds who pay taxes after all. But that’s definitely something you’re hearing from the no campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:29] Now, it’s not often that we actually see propositions that benefit teenage Californians. How did this one make it on the ballot in the first place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:04:36] This was put on the ballot by the state legislature. A two thirds vote. And it was largely Democrats who backed it. There was only one Democrat who voted against it in the legislature. Only two Republicans who ended up supporting it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:48] OK. So even though the legislature has already passed this as law, because it’s basically going to be an amendment to the state constitution, they have to get a public approval for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:04:58] That’s right. And you might be thinking, wait, doesn’t the Constitution of the United States kind of set the voting age? And it really only addresses the fact that you can’t deny the right to vote to citizens or 18. It really doesn’t speak to allowing younger citizens to cast ballots, which is why you’ve seen a number of states move in this direction and allow 17-year-olds to participate in the primary, at least if they turn 18 by the general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:22] Is there any idea on what kind of impact this will actually have on voter turnout?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:05:27] Well, we have some idea, and that’s because of a study by the Public Policy Institute of California, which took a look at what they called the so-called Prop 18 voters. And there were 200,000 such Californians in this boat in the last couple elections. These voters are potentially a significant bloc, especially for primary elections, where votes can often be very close – decided by a few thousand, a few hundred votes even. But another key finding that the study found was that the participation of these group of voters is really far from being guaranteed. Experts and civic engagement say that passing this measure alone is not going to be enough to boost turnout rates among young voters. I talked with \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.ucsc.edu/about/directory-faculty.php?uid=vterriqu\">Veronica Terriquez\u003c/a> about this. She’s a sociology professor at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Veronica Terriquez\u003c/strong> [00:06:11] I think that Proposition 18, if it passes, will be very successful at increasing turnout if it is coupled with civics education at the secondary school level. It creates an opportunity for secondary school educators to really concentrate more time and resources to developing curriculum that excites young people about voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:06:38] So, even folks who are back in this change say it’s not a panacea. It won’t solve all the issues around voting rates and participation of young voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:46] All right, KQED politics reporter, Guy Marzorati, thanks for your help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:06:50] Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:55] A vote yes on Proposition 18 says you think 17-year-olds who will be 18 on general election day should be allowed to vote in primaries. A no vote means you think we should keep things the way they are and only allow people who are 18 or older to cast a vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:16] That’s it on Prop 18, the youth voting prop. You can catch up on all of our other Prop Fest episodes in our podcast feed or online at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious dot org slash prop fest\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[00:07:28] Bay Curious is produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/katrinaschwartz\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a>, Rob Speight and Olivia Allen-Price with help from the entire KQED newsroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[00:07:36] We’ll be back tomorrow to talk about a property tax transfers. I, for one, can not wait. See you then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Proposition 17: Should People Be Able to Vote While on Parole? (Transcript)",
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"content": "\u003cp>Feeling overwhelmed by your ballot? Don’t worry, you’ve come to the right place. From Oct. 1 – 16, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. This episode tackles Proposition 17, which would restore voting rights for Californians on parole for a felony.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] Hey, everybody, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a>. I’m \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:07] We’ve come through some tricky props these past few days, but Proposition 17 is refreshingly straightforward: should people be able to vote while they’re on parole? And get this, the title you’ll see on your ballot? It’s actually easy to understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:22] Prop 17 restores right to vote after completion of prison term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:00:26] There are still a few nuances to pick apart on this one. We’ll get into those today as we go through Proposition 17, voting while on parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] We asked KQED politics reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmarzorati\">Guy Marzorati\u003c/a> to stop by and get into this one with us. Welcome, Guy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nGuy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:00:44] Hey, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:45] Give us the rundown. What are we voting on in Prop 17?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:00:49] So, Prop 17 would restore voting rights for Californians on parole for a felony. And there’s about 40,000 Californians who would get the right to vote if this measure passes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] So, right now, if you’ve committed a felony and you’re on parole, you cannot vote, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:01:05] That’s right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:06] Guy, this may seem like a really basic question, but what exactly is parole and how long does it usually last?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:01:13] So, parole is a period of supervision for people convicted of a felony. It takes place after they leave state prison. And parole terms typically last a few years. But, in some cases, they can last for the rest of the parolee’s life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:26] OK. And it seems like in recent decades the state has generally been moving, sort of, more in the direction of prisoner rights. And this is something that’s been playing out, you know, for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:01:37] Right. And this has been the case on the national level, we’ve seen a lot of recent change and push for enfranchisement for people convicted of felonies, people on parole. For most of California’s history this was really not discussed and debated. If you were convicted of a felony, you were banned from voting for life – even after you’re done with your parole. In the 60s and 70s, the state Supreme Court took this up and ultimately said there’s not a lot of risk of voter fraud and it’s an equal protection violation to deny the right to vote to Californians after they have completed their parole. Then the U.S. Supreme Court stepped in and overruled that. They said, no voting is not a fundamental right for citizens who are convicted of a felony. And it ultimately took a state proposition, Proposition 10 in November of 1974 to extend the right to vote to Californians who completed their parole term. So, now here we are, all the way in 2020. And Proposition 17 is trying to take that a step further and give the right to vote for people who are currently on parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:36] And how do we stack up with other states when it comes to, you know, letting people who have committed felonies vote?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:02:41] California’s actually in the middle of the pack on this. 21 states are in the same boat as us where voting rights are restored after the full term or penalty of a sentence. But 16 states have gone further. They let parolees vote, including Oregon and Nevada. So, even though California’s been at the vanguard of a lot of criminal justice reform, when it comes to voting rights, it’s actually been kind of in the middle of the pack.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:12] All right, I want to get into some of the arguments for and against that we’re hearing. Who has come out in support of this one?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:03:18] It’s largely been Democrats in the state legislature that backed this measure, initially. They’re the ones who placed it on the ballot with a two thirds vote. And they’ve argued really that civic participation is a key part of reintegrating parolees into society. I talked with Democratic Assemblyman \u003ca href=\"https://a07.asmdc.org/\">Kevin McCarty\u003c/a> of Sacramento, he wrote Proposition 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kevin McCarty\u003c/strong> [00:03:37] Parole, by definition, isn’t punishment. Parole when it was created – you look at the legal definition of it – it’s to help reintegrate formerly incarcerated back to society. That means find housing and health care, find a job, you know, be a member of your community, which means voting.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:56] And what about the opposition on this one?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:03:58] Well, the opposition is really led by Republicans in the state legislature, most of whom voted against even putting this on the ballot. They’ve argued that parole is really part of the punishment and parolees shouldn’t have the right to vote until they’ve completed that term. They say that California’s made a lot of shifts in recent years to move nonviolent offenders to county jails and people on probation who currently have the right to vote. So, opponents of Prop 17 say that people still without the right to vote or what they call the worst of the worst. And that’s kind of the argument that Republican \u003ca href=\"https://nielsen.cssrc.us/\">Senator Jim Nielsen\u003c/a> made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jim Nielsen\u003c/strong> [00:04:32] Take a look at the universe we’re dealing with in this particular case. We’re dealing with murderers and rapists, not low-level offenders, but utmost-serious offenders that we have incarcerated. So, it’s an issue not of them being able to get able to vote again – they will be able to – but they have to complete their sentence and the completion of the sentence requires a completion of their parole period.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:03] So, this is really a question of how you view the role of parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:05:08] That’s absolutely right. So, supporters of Proposition 17 say it should really be focused on the rehabilitation part of it. If you’re reintegrating people to society, they’re looking for jobs, they’re getting education, they’re living in our communities and raising families, a natural extension of that is civic participation and the voting process. Opponents of Prop 17 say, no, think of parole and a prison term as a football field – getting to parole is just 90 yards, and you still have to complete your term before you’re extended what they call “privileges of democracy”, something like voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:44] All right, let’s move on to campaign finance. It looks like nobody is really spending money on this prop so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:05:50] That’s right. This is not a big money campaign so far. We’ve seen on the yes side, philanthropist Susan Pritzker and the ACLU are the biggest donors and support. The no campaign, to this point, hasn’t gotten any funding. But what’s interesting on the on the yes side is really elevating the voices of parolees, putting them front and center, both working on the campaign and in the kind of public messaging, doing a lot of that legwork, telling their stories and why they feel like this change, if Prop 17 passes, would make a big difference in their life. I’ve talked to José Gonzalez, who’s one of those parolees. He told me why it’s so important to him that Prop 17 passes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>José Gonzalez\u003c/strong> [00:06:26] For me, it’s important because now I, I have a son and I’m, I’m working and I’ve graduated. I got my college degree. And I want to change that, at the very least, that’s something that small. The change is small in the sense where I could be talking about voting. I could have, you know, something visual like the sticker on my chest that says I voted to where my son sees it and it changes his narrative or his perspective on what it is to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:54] All right. Guy Marzorati, KQED politics reporter. Thanks for swinging by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:06:58] Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:00] In a nutshell, a vote yes on Proposition 17 says you think people convicted of felonies should be able to vote while they’re on parole. A no vote means you think current law should stand and people with felonies can only vote once they’ve completed their parole sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:17] We’ll be back again with Guy tomorrow to talk voting rights again, this time for a different group: young people. If you’re enjoying Bay Curious Prop Fest so far, please share it with a friend, or maybe give us some love on social media. We rely on recommendations like that to get the word out about what we’re doing here. Thanks.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:38] Bay Curious Prop Fest is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Rob Speight and me Olivia Allen-Price with a big assist from the entire KQED newsroom. You can find more in-depth election coverage at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/electionsnews\">KQED dot org slash elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 2\u003c/strong> [00:07:53] Bay Curious is mate at member supported KQED in San Francisco. I’ll see you tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion] \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Feeling overwhelmed by your ballot? Don’t worry, you’ve come to the right place. From Oct. 1 – 16, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. This episode tackles Proposition 17, which would restore voting rights for Californians on parole for a felony.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] Hey, everybody, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Bay Curious Prop Fest\u003c/a>. I’m \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ohubertallen\">Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:07] We’ve come through some tricky props these past few days, but Proposition 17 is refreshingly straightforward: should people be able to vote while they’re on parole? And get this, the title you’ll see on your ballot? It’s actually easy to understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:22] Prop 17 restores right to vote after completion of prison term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:00:26] There are still a few nuances to pick apart on this one. We’ll get into those today as we go through Proposition 17, voting while on parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] We asked KQED politics reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmarzorati\">Guy Marzorati\u003c/a> to stop by and get into this one with us. Welcome, Guy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nGuy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:00:44] Hey, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:45] Give us the rundown. What are we voting on in Prop 17?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:00:49] So, Prop 17 would restore voting rights for Californians on parole for a felony. And there’s about 40,000 Californians who would get the right to vote if this measure passes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] So, right now, if you’ve committed a felony and you’re on parole, you cannot vote, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:01:05] That’s right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:06] Guy, this may seem like a really basic question, but what exactly is parole and how long does it usually last?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:01:13] So, parole is a period of supervision for people convicted of a felony. It takes place after they leave state prison. And parole terms typically last a few years. But, in some cases, they can last for the rest of the parolee’s life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:26] OK. And it seems like in recent decades the state has generally been moving, sort of, more in the direction of prisoner rights. And this is something that’s been playing out, you know, for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:01:37] Right. And this has been the case on the national level, we’ve seen a lot of recent change and push for enfranchisement for people convicted of felonies, people on parole. For most of California’s history this was really not discussed and debated. If you were convicted of a felony, you were banned from voting for life – even after you’re done with your parole. In the 60s and 70s, the state Supreme Court took this up and ultimately said there’s not a lot of risk of voter fraud and it’s an equal protection violation to deny the right to vote to Californians after they have completed their parole. Then the U.S. Supreme Court stepped in and overruled that. They said, no voting is not a fundamental right for citizens who are convicted of a felony. And it ultimately took a state proposition, Proposition 10 in November of 1974 to extend the right to vote to Californians who completed their parole term. So, now here we are, all the way in 2020. And Proposition 17 is trying to take that a step further and give the right to vote for people who are currently on parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:36] And how do we stack up with other states when it comes to, you know, letting people who have committed felonies vote?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:02:41] California’s actually in the middle of the pack on this. 21 states are in the same boat as us where voting rights are restored after the full term or penalty of a sentence. But 16 states have gone further. They let parolees vote, including Oregon and Nevada. So, even though California’s been at the vanguard of a lot of criminal justice reform, when it comes to voting rights, it’s actually been kind of in the middle of the pack.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:12] All right, I want to get into some of the arguments for and against that we’re hearing. Who has come out in support of this one?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:03:18] It’s largely been Democrats in the state legislature that backed this measure, initially. They’re the ones who placed it on the ballot with a two thirds vote. And they’ve argued really that civic participation is a key part of reintegrating parolees into society. I talked with Democratic Assemblyman \u003ca href=\"https://a07.asmdc.org/\">Kevin McCarty\u003c/a> of Sacramento, he wrote Proposition 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kevin McCarty\u003c/strong> [00:03:37] Parole, by definition, isn’t punishment. Parole when it was created – you look at the legal definition of it – it’s to help reintegrate formerly incarcerated back to society. That means find housing and health care, find a job, you know, be a member of your community, which means voting.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:56] And what about the opposition on this one?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:03:58] Well, the opposition is really led by Republicans in the state legislature, most of whom voted against even putting this on the ballot. They’ve argued that parole is really part of the punishment and parolees shouldn’t have the right to vote until they’ve completed that term. They say that California’s made a lot of shifts in recent years to move nonviolent offenders to county jails and people on probation who currently have the right to vote. So, opponents of Prop 17 say that people still without the right to vote or what they call the worst of the worst. And that’s kind of the argument that Republican \u003ca href=\"https://nielsen.cssrc.us/\">Senator Jim Nielsen\u003c/a> made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jim Nielsen\u003c/strong> [00:04:32] Take a look at the universe we’re dealing with in this particular case. We’re dealing with murderers and rapists, not low-level offenders, but utmost-serious offenders that we have incarcerated. So, it’s an issue not of them being able to get able to vote again – they will be able to – but they have to complete their sentence and the completion of the sentence requires a completion of their parole period.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:03] So, this is really a question of how you view the role of parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:05:08] That’s absolutely right. So, supporters of Proposition 17 say it should really be focused on the rehabilitation part of it. If you’re reintegrating people to society, they’re looking for jobs, they’re getting education, they’re living in our communities and raising families, a natural extension of that is civic participation and the voting process. Opponents of Prop 17 say, no, think of parole and a prison term as a football field – getting to parole is just 90 yards, and you still have to complete your term before you’re extended what they call “privileges of democracy”, something like voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:44] All right, let’s move on to campaign finance. It looks like nobody is really spending money on this prop so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati\u003c/strong> [00:05:50] That’s right. This is not a big money campaign so far. We’ve seen on the yes side, philanthropist Susan Pritzker and the ACLU are the biggest donors and support. The no campaign, to this point, hasn’t gotten any funding. But what’s interesting on the on the yes side is really elevating the voices of parolees, putting them front and center, both working on the campaign and in the kind of public messaging, doing a lot of that legwork, telling their stories and why they feel like this change, if Prop 17 passes, would make a big difference in their life. I’ve talked to José Gonzalez, who’s one of those parolees. He told me why it’s so important to him that Prop 17 passes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>José Gonzalez\u003c/strong> [00:06:26] For me, it’s important because now I, I have a son and I’m, I’m working and I’ve graduated. I got my college degree. And I want to change that, at the very least, that’s something that small. The change is small in the sense where I could be talking about voting. I could have, you know, something visual like the sticker on my chest that says I voted to where my son sees it and it changes his narrative or his perspective on what it is to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:54] All right. Guy Marzorati, KQED politics reporter. Thanks for swinging by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guy Marzorati \u003c/strong>[00:06:58] Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:00] In a nutshell, a vote yes on Proposition 17 says you think people convicted of felonies should be able to vote while they’re on parole. A no vote means you think current law should stand and people with felonies can only vote once they’ve completed their parole sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:17] We’ll be back again with Guy tomorrow to talk voting rights again, this time for a different group: young people. If you’re enjoying Bay Curious Prop Fest so far, please share it with a friend, or maybe give us some love on social media. We rely on recommendations like that to get the word out about what we’re doing here. Thanks.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:38] Bay Curious Prop Fest is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Rob Speight and me Olivia Allen-Price with a big assist from the entire KQED newsroom. You can find more in-depth election coverage at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/electionsnews\">KQED dot org slash elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 2\u003c/strong> [00:07:53] Bay Curious is mate at member supported KQED in San Francisco. I’ll see you tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>If reading through the statewide ballot propositions has made your head spin, you are in the right place! From Oct. 1 – 16, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. This episode tackles Prop 16, which asks voters if affirmative action should once again be an option for public institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC1255748798&light=true\" width=\"100%\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:01] Good morning, everyone. Olivia Allen-Price here. If you caught our two episodes last week, you know that we are in the middle of Bay Curious Prop Fest, a 12 part series that explores the propositions on the California ballot. Last week, we went through Prop 14. A bond to fund stem cell research and Prop 15, which would affect property tax assessments for commercial real estate. If you missed those, go check out the Bay Curious podcast feed this week. We’ll continue onward down the list of props, starting right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] Did you know that public entities are banned from using affirmative action in California, Proposition 16 would overturn that ban. On your ballot it reads like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:49] Proposition 16 permits government decision making policies to consider race, sex, color, ethnicity or national origin to address diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] Today on the show, we’ll look back to when the state first banned using these categories; race, sex, ethnicity, for hiring and admissions decisions. And learn how Prop 16 could bring them back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music end\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:19] KQED politics and government reporter Katie Orr joins us today to talk through Prop 16. Welcome, Katie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:01:25] Hi, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:26] At its core, Prop 16 is asking voters, basically how they feel about affirmative action. And I do want to talk about that phrase, “affirmative action”, because we hear it thrown around a lot in politics, but I think sometimes we can forget what it actually means. So, what are we talking about when we say affirmative action?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:01:45] So historically, there have been some groups such as women, people of color, who have been excluded from employment or educational opportunities. And so affirmative action is a practice where these specific groups are actually given preferential treatment to access those opportunities now with the goal being to give them more parity, to increase equality and diversity, and tackle lingering inequalities that we still deal with today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:15] OK, and Proposition 16 would repeal a ban that California has had on affirmative action for more than two decades now. Where did that ban first come from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:02:26] For that, we need to go back to the 1990s. So, Pete Wilson was the governor for much of that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:32] Wilson was more conservative than many California lawmakers are now, and he strongly opposed affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:02:38] A lot of Californians agreed with Governor Wilson. They passed Proposition 209 in 1996. That banned the state from considering race, gender, ethnicity, things like that when hiring, awarding contracts, and admitting students into public universities. And that law has been in place ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:57] What would Proposition 16, which is what we’re voting on this year, do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:03:01] So, Prop 16 would overturn Prop 209, meaning that the state could once again consider race and sex and ethnicity in those decisions of hiring, awarding contracts and admitting kids in to our public universities here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:23] I’m really glad you brought up university admissions because that’s where we usually hear about affirmative action. What kind of impact would this prop have on California’s public universities?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:03:35] It’s really hard to say. Supporters say that it would increase racial diversity at these universities, especially the top performing universities like UC Berkeley and UCLA. Critics of this proposition are worried that it could hurt some racial groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:03:55] When people hear the words affirmative action, they actually have a gut reaction related to fairness. And I spoke with Janelle’s Scott, who is a professor at UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Education about this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:04:08] Some people fear that they’ll miss out, but they especially fear that they’ll miss out because they think they deserve it, right. Whereas other people, they believe, don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:04:18] But she also points out that the way we measure who is “deserving” is problematic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:04:26] We’re relying on measures that seem to be only merit based, but that would actually measure a whole lot of social status and social privilege.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:04:34] For instance, you know, somebody’s grades, somebody’s SATs, somebody’s, you know, extracurriculars, which might speak to whether or not they deserve to be at this high tier university. They tend to track a lot with a person’s socioeconomic status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:04:51] Without a kind of holistic assessment that takes into account, you know, multiple ways of measuring intelligence and competence and talent, we’re left with indicators that map really neatly onto race and socioeconomic status and immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:05:10] Scott also points out that the ‘Varsity Blues’ admissions scandal and a recent state audit of UC admissions both highlight what many of us already know, that white, wealthy people often find ways to get a leg up in the current system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:05:24] There has been a different kind of affirmative action in place for wealthy people who have had access to preferential admissions through their wealth or political or social connections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Pric\u003c/strong>e [00:05:35] All right. And then beyond education, this isn’t just, just about education, what other public sectors are going to see impact if this passes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:05:43] So, one area where we could see a big effect is state contracts,. The state awards, you know, hundreds of contracts for various projects. And supporters of Prop 16 say that women and minority owned businesses have lost out on a lot of these contracts because they don’t have the same connections that, say, a firm owned by a white man might have – the same connections or the same resources. So, supporters say that this could give those businesses a boost and essentially level the playing field for women and minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:17] Now. Proposition 209 banned preferential treatment, which we’ve been talking a lot about. But it also banned discriminatory treatment. So, I guess, is there risk with overturning 209? You know, could that open the door for more discrimination?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:06:32] Well, we have to keep in mind that affirmative action would not be the only law in place. There are several state laws, as well as federal laws, in place that are meant to ensure against discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:46] And I know one other concern has been, you know, are we going to see effectively like quotas, let’s say UC Berkeley, you know, has these ideas about what the racial makeup of a class is and they’re just looking to fill those quotas. Will that come to fruition?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:07:00] No. Quotas are against federal law. And actually, the UC Board of Regents just passed a measure reaffirming that no, none of their campuses will ever use a quota system. But I will say critics of Prop 16 have expressed concerns that while we might not have a specific quota spelled out, they’re worried that there will be some kind of secret target in mind that schools will try to fill regardless of whether or not they’re actually allowed to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:36] And let’s talk about arguments for and against Prop 16. Who is lining up in support of this so far?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:07:42] So, the yes on 16 campaign has drawn a lot of high-profile names. Kamala Harris has been supportive of it. Governor Gavin Newsom has been supportive of it. And it’s really I think the campaign is trying to capitalize on this national conversation we’ve been seeing about socioeconomic justice, race and equity, those kinds of conversations, because they have been trying – supporters of affirmative action have been trying to overturn Prop 209, basically since it was passed. So, this is the moment they’re really trying to seize and trying to capitalize on this attention and get that message through and finally overturn the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:28] And what about the opposition?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:08:30] The opposition to Prop 16 doesn’t have the high powered names associated with it, but their argument isn’t as hard to make, though. I mean, they’re on the no side of the proposition. They don’t have to convince anyone to, like, change anything. It’s hard to get people to change their minds on affirmative action because there’s a feeling that, you know, it’s been working. Our universities are relatively diverse without an affirmative action policy in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gail Heriot\u003c/strong> [00:09:03] It has increased graduation rates for underrepresented minority students because they were going to schools where their academic credentials put them in the ballpark with other students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:09:14] I spoke with University of San Diego law professor Gail Heriot about this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gail Heriot\u003c/strong> [00:09:18] They wanted to increase diversity, but they weren’t allowed to use it. Just in terms of race and more, it caused the University of California to concentrate on students who are actually in need. This is lower income students, students whose parents didn’t go to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:09:34] She’s concerned that if universities are once again allowed to consider race in college admissions, that’s all they’ll look at.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gail Heriot\u003c/strong> [00:09:42] They want to be able to measure disadvantage just in terms of race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:09:47] Harriet’s concerned that Prop 16 might actually mean state universities end up admitting more middle class students based on race instead of those with the most need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:58] Mm hmm. That’s interesting, although I guess it’s worth remembering that Prop 16 would allow race to be considered, but that doesn’t mean universities would have to stop using any of these other factors, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:10:08] Yes, that’s right. It would be one of the elements they would be allowed to consider in admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:14] All right. What about campaign finance on this one, Katie? How’s the money looking as of now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:10:18] It’s pretty lopsided, actually, right now at the end of September, supporters of Prop 16 have raised 14 million dollars, whereas the opponents have raised about one million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:30] All right. Well, KQED politics reporter Katie Orr, thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:10:33] You’re welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:38] In a nutshell, a vote yes on Proposition 16 says you want to end the ban on affirmative action for public institutions in California. A vote no means you think affirmative action should continue to be banned in public employment, education and contracting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:58] Join us tomorrow to learn about Prop 17, which would restore voting rights for felons while on parole. In the meantime, you can find more of KQED election coverage at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/electionsnews\">KQED.org/elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:14] Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member supported KQED. Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Rob Speight, and me, Olivia Allen-Price, with help from the entire KQED newsroom. See you tomorrow, everybody.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If reading through the statewide ballot propositions has made your head spin, you are in the right place! From Oct. 1 – 16, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. This episode tackles Prop 16, which asks voters if affirmative action should once again be an option for public institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC1255748798&light=true\" width=\"100%\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:01] Good morning, everyone. Olivia Allen-Price here. If you caught our two episodes last week, you know that we are in the middle of Bay Curious Prop Fest, a 12 part series that explores the propositions on the California ballot. Last week, we went through Prop 14. A bond to fund stem cell research and Prop 15, which would affect property tax assessments for commercial real estate. If you missed those, go check out the Bay Curious podcast feed this week. We’ll continue onward down the list of props, starting right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] Did you know that public entities are banned from using affirmative action in California, Proposition 16 would overturn that ban. On your ballot it reads like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:49] Proposition 16 permits government decision making policies to consider race, sex, color, ethnicity or national origin to address diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] Today on the show, we’ll look back to when the state first banned using these categories; race, sex, ethnicity, for hiring and admissions decisions. And learn how Prop 16 could bring them back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music end\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:19] KQED politics and government reporter Katie Orr joins us today to talk through Prop 16. Welcome, Katie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:01:25] Hi, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:26] At its core, Prop 16 is asking voters, basically how they feel about affirmative action. And I do want to talk about that phrase, “affirmative action”, because we hear it thrown around a lot in politics, but I think sometimes we can forget what it actually means. So, what are we talking about when we say affirmative action?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:01:45] So historically, there have been some groups such as women, people of color, who have been excluded from employment or educational opportunities. And so affirmative action is a practice where these specific groups are actually given preferential treatment to access those opportunities now with the goal being to give them more parity, to increase equality and diversity, and tackle lingering inequalities that we still deal with today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:15] OK, and Proposition 16 would repeal a ban that California has had on affirmative action for more than two decades now. Where did that ban first come from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:02:26] For that, we need to go back to the 1990s. So, Pete Wilson was the governor for much of that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:32] Wilson was more conservative than many California lawmakers are now, and he strongly opposed affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:02:38] A lot of Californians agreed with Governor Wilson. They passed Proposition 209 in 1996. That banned the state from considering race, gender, ethnicity, things like that when hiring, awarding contracts, and admitting students into public universities. And that law has been in place ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:57] What would Proposition 16, which is what we’re voting on this year, do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:03:01] So, Prop 16 would overturn Prop 209, meaning that the state could once again consider race and sex and ethnicity in those decisions of hiring, awarding contracts and admitting kids in to our public universities here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:23] I’m really glad you brought up university admissions because that’s where we usually hear about affirmative action. What kind of impact would this prop have on California’s public universities?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:03:35] It’s really hard to say. Supporters say that it would increase racial diversity at these universities, especially the top performing universities like UC Berkeley and UCLA. Critics of this proposition are worried that it could hurt some racial groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:03:55] When people hear the words affirmative action, they actually have a gut reaction related to fairness. And I spoke with Janelle’s Scott, who is a professor at UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Education about this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:04:08] Some people fear that they’ll miss out, but they especially fear that they’ll miss out because they think they deserve it, right. Whereas other people, they believe, don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:04:18] But she also points out that the way we measure who is “deserving” is problematic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:04:26] We’re relying on measures that seem to be only merit based, but that would actually measure a whole lot of social status and social privilege.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:04:34] For instance, you know, somebody’s grades, somebody’s SATs, somebody’s, you know, extracurriculars, which might speak to whether or not they deserve to be at this high tier university. They tend to track a lot with a person’s socioeconomic status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:04:51] Without a kind of holistic assessment that takes into account, you know, multiple ways of measuring intelligence and competence and talent, we’re left with indicators that map really neatly onto race and socioeconomic status and immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:05:10] Scott also points out that the ‘Varsity Blues’ admissions scandal and a recent state audit of UC admissions both highlight what many of us already know, that white, wealthy people often find ways to get a leg up in the current system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:05:24] There has been a different kind of affirmative action in place for wealthy people who have had access to preferential admissions through their wealth or political or social connections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Pric\u003c/strong>e [00:05:35] All right. And then beyond education, this isn’t just, just about education, what other public sectors are going to see impact if this passes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:05:43] So, one area where we could see a big effect is state contracts,. The state awards, you know, hundreds of contracts for various projects. And supporters of Prop 16 say that women and minority owned businesses have lost out on a lot of these contracts because they don’t have the same connections that, say, a firm owned by a white man might have – the same connections or the same resources. So, supporters say that this could give those businesses a boost and essentially level the playing field for women and minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:17] Now. Proposition 209 banned preferential treatment, which we’ve been talking a lot about. But it also banned discriminatory treatment. So, I guess, is there risk with overturning 209? You know, could that open the door for more discrimination?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:06:32] Well, we have to keep in mind that affirmative action would not be the only law in place. There are several state laws, as well as federal laws, in place that are meant to ensure against discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:46] And I know one other concern has been, you know, are we going to see effectively like quotas, let’s say UC Berkeley, you know, has these ideas about what the racial makeup of a class is and they’re just looking to fill those quotas. Will that come to fruition?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:07:00] No. Quotas are against federal law. And actually, the UC Board of Regents just passed a measure reaffirming that no, none of their campuses will ever use a quota system. But I will say critics of Prop 16 have expressed concerns that while we might not have a specific quota spelled out, they’re worried that there will be some kind of secret target in mind that schools will try to fill regardless of whether or not they’re actually allowed to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:36] And let’s talk about arguments for and against Prop 16. Who is lining up in support of this so far?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Janelle Scott\u003c/strong> [00:07:42] So, the yes on 16 campaign has drawn a lot of high-profile names. Kamala Harris has been supportive of it. Governor Gavin Newsom has been supportive of it. And it’s really I think the campaign is trying to capitalize on this national conversation we’ve been seeing about socioeconomic justice, race and equity, those kinds of conversations, because they have been trying – supporters of affirmative action have been trying to overturn Prop 209, basically since it was passed. So, this is the moment they’re really trying to seize and trying to capitalize on this attention and get that message through and finally overturn the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:28] And what about the opposition?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:08:30] The opposition to Prop 16 doesn’t have the high powered names associated with it, but their argument isn’t as hard to make, though. I mean, they’re on the no side of the proposition. They don’t have to convince anyone to, like, change anything. It’s hard to get people to change their minds on affirmative action because there’s a feeling that, you know, it’s been working. Our universities are relatively diverse without an affirmative action policy in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gail Heriot\u003c/strong> [00:09:03] It has increased graduation rates for underrepresented minority students because they were going to schools where their academic credentials put them in the ballpark with other students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:09:14] I spoke with University of San Diego law professor Gail Heriot about this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gail Heriot\u003c/strong> [00:09:18] They wanted to increase diversity, but they weren’t allowed to use it. Just in terms of race and more, it caused the University of California to concentrate on students who are actually in need. This is lower income students, students whose parents didn’t go to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:09:34] She’s concerned that if universities are once again allowed to consider race in college admissions, that’s all they’ll look at.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gail Heriot\u003c/strong> [00:09:42] They want to be able to measure disadvantage just in terms of race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:09:47] Harriet’s concerned that Prop 16 might actually mean state universities end up admitting more middle class students based on race instead of those with the most need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:58] Mm hmm. That’s interesting, although I guess it’s worth remembering that Prop 16 would allow race to be considered, but that doesn’t mean universities would have to stop using any of these other factors, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:10:08] Yes, that’s right. It would be one of the elements they would be allowed to consider in admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:14] All right. What about campaign finance on this one, Katie? How’s the money looking as of now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:10:18] It’s pretty lopsided, actually, right now at the end of September, supporters of Prop 16 have raised 14 million dollars, whereas the opponents have raised about one million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:30] All right. Well, KQED politics reporter Katie Orr, thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katie Orr\u003c/strong> [00:10:33] You’re welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:38] In a nutshell, a vote yes on Proposition 16 says you want to end the ban on affirmative action for public institutions in California. A vote no means you think affirmative action should continue to be banned in public employment, education and contracting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:58] Join us tomorrow to learn about Prop 17, which would restore voting rights for felons while on parole. In the meantime, you can find more of KQED election coverage at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/electionsnews\">KQED.org/elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:14] Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member supported KQED. Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Rob Speight, and me, Olivia Allen-Price, with help from the entire KQED newsroom. See you tomorrow, everybody.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>If reading through the statewide ballot propositions has made your head spin, you are in the right place! From Oct. 1 – 16, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. This episode tackles Prop 15, which would change how the state assesses taxes on commercial and industrial property.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] Happy Friday, everyone, and welcome to day two of Bay Curious Prop Fest. We’re going through the 12 statewide propositions on the ballot this year. That’s one prop per episode. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Let’s get to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:14] Today, we’ll take on the contentious \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/15/\">Proposition 15\u003c/a>, which would raise the property tax assessments on many commercial properties around the state. Local governments and school boards love this one – they see dollar signs. But businesses? Not so keen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:32] Here’s the title of the prop as you’ll see it on your ballot:.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:35] Proposition 15 increases funding for public schools, community colleges and local government services by changing tax assessment of commercial and industrial property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:00:44] Billions of dollars are on the line with this one. We’ll get into who would pay and where that money goes today on the show. It’s Proposition 15: commercial property tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>End theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] Before we can unpack Proposition 15, we first need to understand how commercial and industrial property tax in California works now. And to do that, we have to venture back forty two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:15] Yeah, well, you have to go back to like nineteen seventy seven, seventy eight, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:20] This is KQED politics and government editor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/scottshafer\">Scott Shafer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:23] Back then, Jimmy Carter was president. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/jerrybrown\">Jerry Brown\u003c/a> was governor the first time, and the inflation rate was high, like really high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Archive Audio Clip\u003c/strong> [00:01:31] Inflation’s hit the standard of living particularly hard here. And soaring property taxes have been a major factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:39] And at that time, property taxes were based on the value of your house. And so people who were having, you know, living on fixed incomes, like senior citizens, were having a hard time paying their property taxes – and some of them were actually losing their homes. And so this created a movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Archive Audio Clip 2\u003c/strong> [00:01:58] I am forming the American tax reduction movement where the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:02:05] I don’t know if you ever saw the movie \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1cSGvqQHpjs\">“Network”\u003c/a> with Peter Finch. He plays this anchor man, Howard Beale. And the I’m sure you’ve seen this clip where he throws open the window of his apartment and he screams out”\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kOSaVPX2yB8\">“Network” movie clip\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> [00:02:20] I’m as mad as hell, and I’m not going to take this anymore!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:02:20] Well, that’s what was happening in California about property taxes in the late 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:27] Proposition 13 gets placed on the California ballot and it does a few things. It taxes properties based on their 1976 values or their purchase price if the home was bought after 1978. Then it says, “hey, homeowners, we’re not going to raise your property tax assessment any more than two percent each year, even if your home appreciates by five percent year over year, we’re going to pretend it was only two percent, or less, for tax purposes.” And lastly, Prop 13 says property tax can be no more than one percent of a home’s value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Archive Audio Clip 3 \u003c/strong>[00:03:05] And the purpose of this amendment is to reduce the amount of money that government takes in in taxes, because we think the only way you can cut spending is to not give them the money in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:15] \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_13,_Tax_Limitations_Initiative_(1978)\">Proposition 13\u003c/a> is passed into law by a huge margin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Archive Audio Clip 4\u003c/strong> [00:03:18] Proposition 13 caused what may be a record voter turnout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:03:27] So, if you’ve owned property for, you know, since the 1970s, your property tax bill has gone up a lot more slowly than others who bought the property since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:38] A 2009 study found that since it went into effect, Prop 13 has reduced taxes in the state by about $528 billion in aggregate. That’s good news for property owners, right? But it’s not good news for local governments and school districts whose budgets depend on those property taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:59] All right, Scott, so if Prop 13 was originally written with homeowners in mind, how did all these commercial properties end up benefiting?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nScott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:04:07] Since 1850, all property in California was taxed the same way, whether it was residential property or commercial property or agriculture property. Prop 13, it didn’t change. It didn’t divide up different kinds of property. It just changed the way they were taxed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:25] OK. So we get to this point where we’re at today where I know there’s some pretty big, notable companies that have gotten away with paying relatively small tax bills. Tell us about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer \u003c/strong>[00:04:35] There are some companies that are particularly benefiting from that tax structure. One of them is Disneyland. It’s taxes being based on 1975 property values in Anaheim. One study showed that in 2004 – so it’s a little ways back, but you get the idea – Disneyland was paying five cents per square foot in taxes. Now, if the land was reassessed, they would pay a whole lot more than that to Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:04:59] Right here in the Bay Area, Intel has a plot of land in the heart of Silicon Valley, and it has a current value of about $2.50 per square foot – that’s what the property is valued at. Well, a professional office center right across the street was assessed recently at $126 per square foot. So, 50 times more – that’s what they’re paying property tax on while Intel is paying on just a tiny fraction of that. So, that’s the inequity that some people see. And that they think Prop 15 will address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:33] OK. So that’s how everything is working right now. How would Prop 15, which is what we’re voting on this year, change things?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nScott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:05:41] OK, so the phrase that’s used is it would create a split role. Right now, there’s one role for property taxes – commercial property and residential, all treated the same. Prop 15 would create a split role. It would split off commercial property. And instead of taxing it based on what the owners paid for it, it would be reassessed and it would be taxed based on current market value, which is going to be a lot higher, especially if that property has been owned for a long time. And so that would generate between 6.5 and 11.5 billion dollars a year that would go back to the counties. So, it would go, 60% of that would go to local governments for local services and 40% of it would go to school districts and community colleges to spend as they see fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:27] And what’s the rollout timeline? Would it be like the day after the elections, suddenly, you know, everyone’s tax bill goes up?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:06:32] No, not at all. So it would begin to be phased in in 2022, because it’s going to take some time for counties to kind of ramp up for this – they have to hire more assessors. They have to decide how to prioritize properties. And then it would be fully phased in by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:49] And so is this going to hit, you know, commercial and industrial properties uniformly, whether you’re sort of a small business or someone like Intel?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nScott Shafer \u003c/strong>[00:06:57] No, I mean, first of all, the way the law is written, if your property’s worth less, $3 million or less, it’s not going to be affected at all. But here’s the caveat: if you own, let’s say you own four pieces of property that are worth 2 million dollars each. That’s 8 million dollars. And so then those properties would be reassessed and they look at what is the total holding of the person who owns it, not just any single property, but what’s the total that they own. And if it’s above 3 million, then it would it would, in fact, trigger a reassessment.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:28] And what about agriculture?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:07:30] Agricultural land is exempted from from this. So, just as residential property is, ag property is. But, you know, this is opposed by the Farm Bureau and it’s opposed by a lot of ag groups because they feel that whole though the land itself may not be reassessed, that other things like apple trees or grapes or almond trees or, you know, improvements that they make to the property, that, that could trigger a reassessment. So, they don’t quite believe that, in fact, farms and, you know, ranchers will be held harmless.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:01] Scott, I know one big question that people will have is how will these changes impact homeowners?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:08:06] Well, that’s a good question. And the answer is it doesn’t affect homeowners at all. Those rules for property taxes will be exactly the same as they are now. So, that won’t change at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:19] All right. Let’s now go to who is supporting Prop 15 and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:08:23] Well, this measure was put on the ballot by unions, organized labor, in particular, the teachers union – they’ve put a lot of money into this. And part of the reason is that Prop 13, back in, again, 42 years ago, really reduced the amount of money that was going to schools, because property tax money goes to school districts. And, so teachers unions feel that because of, you know, large class sizes inability to hire teachers, because of the cost of living in California, that all these things mean that this infusion of money that would come from Prop 15 would really be good for, for schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:09:03] You know, and it’s also being endorsed by a long list of prominent Democrats, including Governor Gavin Newsom, who endorsed recently. Joe Biden. Kamala Harris. Bernie Sanders has weighed in, he supports it. A number of local mayors like London Breed and Libby Schaaf. And then there’s some sort of advocacy groups like the Sierra Club and the ACLU that also endorse Prop 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:24] Who is opposing the prop so far?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong>Well, not surprisingly, it’s, it’s business groups. The Chamber of Commerce, Black and Hispanic Chambers of Commerce, the Republican Party. And of course, they’re saying, look, we’re in the middle of a recession, it’s hard enough to do business in California already with regulation and other kinds of taxes, and now you want to raise taxes on businesses at a time when so many businesses are just struggling to keep the doors open. So, you know that, that’s an argument that they’re making now because of the economic situation. Now, it’d be interesting to know, and we will never know, but, you know, what would their argument be if the pandemic hadn’t happened and the economy was still roaring? But, you know, as it turns out, it’s a pretty good argument for some voters, given that, you know, the economy is, in fact, struggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:14] Now, I don’t think people will be surprised, but because there is so much money on the line here, that also means that this is shaping up to be one of the most expensive props that will be voting on this year. Tell us a little bit about the campaign finance and how that’s shaking out so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:10:26] Yeah, so as of late September, early October, the yes side has raised a little bit more money, 40 million, roughly 30 million for the no side. So they’re pretty evenly funded. The thing is, Olivia, it’s hard to break through to voters in this climate where we’ve got so much focus on the presidential election, the pandemic, the Supreme Court, wildfires. And so what we’ve seen actually in some recent polling is that there’s an unusually high level of undecided voters because they, they don’t know much about these ballot measures because they just don’t, there’s not enough time in the day, really, to learn about so many things, especially when you’re, people are, you know, focused on and preoccupied with other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:05] Yeah, there’s a lot to be focused on right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:11:07] So much, way too much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:09] Well, Scott Shafer, thank you so much for stopping by. I really just appreciate you walking us through this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:11:14] Yeah. Always happy to talk to you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:17] A vote yes on Proposition 15 says: Barring some exemptions, you want commercial and industrial properties taxed according to their current market value rather than their original purchase price. A no vote means things stay the same and properties should continue to be taxed based on their purchase price, with annual increases equal to the rate of inflation or 2%, whichever is lower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:44] We’ll be back on Monday with our episode on Proposition 16, which is about affirmative action in the state. Bay Curious Prop Fest is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Rob Speight and me, Olivia Allen-Price. With a big assist from the whole KQED newsroom. You can find more of their in-depth coverage at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/electionsnews\">KQED dot org slash elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 2\u003c/strong> [00:12:05] Bay Curious has made it. A member supported KQED in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:12:08] If you’re fighting Prop Fest helpful, do us a solid and share it with a friend. Thanks so much.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If reading through the statewide ballot propositions has made your head spin, you are in the right place! From Oct. 1 – 16, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. This episode tackles Prop 15, which would change how the state assesses taxes on commercial and industrial property.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] Happy Friday, everyone, and welcome to day two of Bay Curious Prop Fest. We’re going through the 12 statewide propositions on the ballot this year. That’s one prop per episode. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Let’s get to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:14] Today, we’ll take on the contentious \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/15/\">Proposition 15\u003c/a>, which would raise the property tax assessments on many commercial properties around the state. Local governments and school boards love this one – they see dollar signs. But businesses? Not so keen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:32] Here’s the title of the prop as you’ll see it on your ballot:.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:35] Proposition 15 increases funding for public schools, community colleges and local government services by changing tax assessment of commercial and industrial property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/strong>[00:00:44] Billions of dollars are on the line with this one. We’ll get into who would pay and where that money goes today on the show. It’s Proposition 15: commercial property tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>End theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:59] Before we can unpack Proposition 15, we first need to understand how commercial and industrial property tax in California works now. And to do that, we have to venture back forty two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:15] Yeah, well, you have to go back to like nineteen seventy seven, seventy eight, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:20] This is KQED politics and government editor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/scottshafer\">Scott Shafer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:23] Back then, Jimmy Carter was president. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/jerrybrown\">Jerry Brown\u003c/a> was governor the first time, and the inflation rate was high, like really high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Archive Audio Clip\u003c/strong> [00:01:31] Inflation’s hit the standard of living particularly hard here. And soaring property taxes have been a major factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:01:39] And at that time, property taxes were based on the value of your house. And so people who were having, you know, living on fixed incomes, like senior citizens, were having a hard time paying their property taxes – and some of them were actually losing their homes. And so this created a movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Archive Audio Clip 2\u003c/strong> [00:01:58] I am forming the American tax reduction movement where the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:02:05] I don’t know if you ever saw the movie \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1cSGvqQHpjs\">“Network”\u003c/a> with Peter Finch. He plays this anchor man, Howard Beale. And the I’m sure you’ve seen this clip where he throws open the window of his apartment and he screams out”\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kOSaVPX2yB8\">“Network” movie clip\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> [00:02:20] I’m as mad as hell, and I’m not going to take this anymore!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:02:20] Well, that’s what was happening in California about property taxes in the late 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:02:27] Proposition 13 gets placed on the California ballot and it does a few things. It taxes properties based on their 1976 values or their purchase price if the home was bought after 1978. Then it says, “hey, homeowners, we’re not going to raise your property tax assessment any more than two percent each year, even if your home appreciates by five percent year over year, we’re going to pretend it was only two percent, or less, for tax purposes.” And lastly, Prop 13 says property tax can be no more than one percent of a home’s value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Archive Audio Clip 3 \u003c/strong>[00:03:05] And the purpose of this amendment is to reduce the amount of money that government takes in in taxes, because we think the only way you can cut spending is to not give them the money in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:15] \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_13,_Tax_Limitations_Initiative_(1978)\">Proposition 13\u003c/a> is passed into law by a huge margin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Archive Audio Clip 4\u003c/strong> [00:03:18] Proposition 13 caused what may be a record voter turnout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:03:27] So, if you’ve owned property for, you know, since the 1970s, your property tax bill has gone up a lot more slowly than others who bought the property since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:38] A 2009 study found that since it went into effect, Prop 13 has reduced taxes in the state by about $528 billion in aggregate. That’s good news for property owners, right? But it’s not good news for local governments and school districts whose budgets depend on those property taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:03:59] All right, Scott, so if Prop 13 was originally written with homeowners in mind, how did all these commercial properties end up benefiting?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nScott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:04:07] Since 1850, all property in California was taxed the same way, whether it was residential property or commercial property or agriculture property. Prop 13, it didn’t change. It didn’t divide up different kinds of property. It just changed the way they were taxed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:25] OK. So we get to this point where we’re at today where I know there’s some pretty big, notable companies that have gotten away with paying relatively small tax bills. Tell us about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer \u003c/strong>[00:04:35] There are some companies that are particularly benefiting from that tax structure. One of them is Disneyland. It’s taxes being based on 1975 property values in Anaheim. One study showed that in 2004 – so it’s a little ways back, but you get the idea – Disneyland was paying five cents per square foot in taxes. Now, if the land was reassessed, they would pay a whole lot more than that to Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:04:59] Right here in the Bay Area, Intel has a plot of land in the heart of Silicon Valley, and it has a current value of about $2.50 per square foot – that’s what the property is valued at. Well, a professional office center right across the street was assessed recently at $126 per square foot. So, 50 times more – that’s what they’re paying property tax on while Intel is paying on just a tiny fraction of that. So, that’s the inequity that some people see. And that they think Prop 15 will address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:33] OK. So that’s how everything is working right now. How would Prop 15, which is what we’re voting on this year, change things?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nScott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:05:41] OK, so the phrase that’s used is it would create a split role. Right now, there’s one role for property taxes – commercial property and residential, all treated the same. Prop 15 would create a split role. It would split off commercial property. And instead of taxing it based on what the owners paid for it, it would be reassessed and it would be taxed based on current market value, which is going to be a lot higher, especially if that property has been owned for a long time. And so that would generate between 6.5 and 11.5 billion dollars a year that would go back to the counties. So, it would go, 60% of that would go to local governments for local services and 40% of it would go to school districts and community colleges to spend as they see fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:27] And what’s the rollout timeline? Would it be like the day after the elections, suddenly, you know, everyone’s tax bill goes up?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:06:32] No, not at all. So it would begin to be phased in in 2022, because it’s going to take some time for counties to kind of ramp up for this – they have to hire more assessors. They have to decide how to prioritize properties. And then it would be fully phased in by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:49] And so is this going to hit, you know, commercial and industrial properties uniformly, whether you’re sort of a small business or someone like Intel?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nScott Shafer \u003c/strong>[00:06:57] No, I mean, first of all, the way the law is written, if your property’s worth less, $3 million or less, it’s not going to be affected at all. But here’s the caveat: if you own, let’s say you own four pieces of property that are worth 2 million dollars each. That’s 8 million dollars. And so then those properties would be reassessed and they look at what is the total holding of the person who owns it, not just any single property, but what’s the total that they own. And if it’s above 3 million, then it would it would, in fact, trigger a reassessment.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:28] And what about agriculture?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:07:30] Agricultural land is exempted from from this. So, just as residential property is, ag property is. But, you know, this is opposed by the Farm Bureau and it’s opposed by a lot of ag groups because they feel that whole though the land itself may not be reassessed, that other things like apple trees or grapes or almond trees or, you know, improvements that they make to the property, that, that could trigger a reassessment. So, they don’t quite believe that, in fact, farms and, you know, ranchers will be held harmless.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:01] Scott, I know one big question that people will have is how will these changes impact homeowners?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:08:06] Well, that’s a good question. And the answer is it doesn’t affect homeowners at all. Those rules for property taxes will be exactly the same as they are now. So, that won’t change at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:19] All right. Let’s now go to who is supporting Prop 15 and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:08:23] Well, this measure was put on the ballot by unions, organized labor, in particular, the teachers union – they’ve put a lot of money into this. And part of the reason is that Prop 13, back in, again, 42 years ago, really reduced the amount of money that was going to schools, because property tax money goes to school districts. And, so teachers unions feel that because of, you know, large class sizes inability to hire teachers, because of the cost of living in California, that all these things mean that this infusion of money that would come from Prop 15 would really be good for, for schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:09:03] You know, and it’s also being endorsed by a long list of prominent Democrats, including Governor Gavin Newsom, who endorsed recently. Joe Biden. Kamala Harris. Bernie Sanders has weighed in, he supports it. A number of local mayors like London Breed and Libby Schaaf. And then there’s some sort of advocacy groups like the Sierra Club and the ACLU that also endorse Prop 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:24] Who is opposing the prop so far?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong>Well, not surprisingly, it’s, it’s business groups. The Chamber of Commerce, Black and Hispanic Chambers of Commerce, the Republican Party. And of course, they’re saying, look, we’re in the middle of a recession, it’s hard enough to do business in California already with regulation and other kinds of taxes, and now you want to raise taxes on businesses at a time when so many businesses are just struggling to keep the doors open. So, you know that, that’s an argument that they’re making now because of the economic situation. Now, it’d be interesting to know, and we will never know, but, you know, what would their argument be if the pandemic hadn’t happened and the economy was still roaring? But, you know, as it turns out, it’s a pretty good argument for some voters, given that, you know, the economy is, in fact, struggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:10:14] Now, I don’t think people will be surprised, but because there is so much money on the line here, that also means that this is shaping up to be one of the most expensive props that will be voting on this year. Tell us a little bit about the campaign finance and how that’s shaking out so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:10:26] Yeah, so as of late September, early October, the yes side has raised a little bit more money, 40 million, roughly 30 million for the no side. So they’re pretty evenly funded. The thing is, Olivia, it’s hard to break through to voters in this climate where we’ve got so much focus on the presidential election, the pandemic, the Supreme Court, wildfires. And so what we’ve seen actually in some recent polling is that there’s an unusually high level of undecided voters because they, they don’t know much about these ballot measures because they just don’t, there’s not enough time in the day, really, to learn about so many things, especially when you’re, people are, you know, focused on and preoccupied with other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:05] Yeah, there’s a lot to be focused on right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:11:07] So much, way too much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:09] Well, Scott Shafer, thank you so much for stopping by. I really just appreciate you walking us through this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Scott Shafer\u003c/strong> [00:11:14] Yeah. Always happy to talk to you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:17] A vote yes on Proposition 15 says: Barring some exemptions, you want commercial and industrial properties taxed according to their current market value rather than their original purchase price. A no vote means things stay the same and properties should continue to be taxed based on their purchase price, with annual increases equal to the rate of inflation or 2%, whichever is lower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:11:44] We’ll be back on Monday with our episode on Proposition 16, which is about affirmative action in the state. Bay Curious Prop Fest is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Rob Speight and me, Olivia Allen-Price. With a big assist from the whole KQED newsroom. You can find more of their in-depth coverage at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/electionsnews\">KQED dot org slash elections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 2\u003c/strong> [00:12:05] Bay Curious has made it. A member supported KQED in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>If reading through the statewide ballot propositions has made your head spin, you are in the right place! From Oct. 1 – 16, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. This episode tackles Prop 14, the stem cell research bond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC6474746408&light=true\" width=\"100%\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/2G50GU4\">Printable version\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:37] Today, we take on \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/14/index.htm\">Proposition 14\u003c/a>. It’s a bond that would fund stem cell research in the state. On your ballot will read in part like this…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:46] Proposition 14 authorizes $5.5 billion in state general obligation bonds to fund grants from the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine, educational, nonprofit and private entities for stem cell and other medical research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:03] We’ll explain what all that means, who’s for it, who’s against it, and what else you need to know, all in today’s show. I’m Olivia Allen-Price and this is Bay Curious Prop Fest, Proposition 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>End theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:20] KQED science reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dventon\">Danielle Venton\u003c/a> has been covering Prop 14, The stem cell research bond. Welcome, Danielle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:01:27] Hello, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:28] So let’s start with, what is a bond in general? How do they work?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:01:32] Government bonds are a way to raise money for projects that a government wants to do now, but pay for over time. Think of them as a loan. So, for this particular bond, the state of California would pay that loan back with interest over 30 years out of the general fund, which is supported by taxpayers. So, essentially, when you vote yes on a bond, you’re saying, yes, let’s use public funds for this project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:55] OK, so what exactly does this bond fund?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:01:59] This would fund $5.5 billion in stem cell research and treatments in California. Some of the diseases that stem cell research is seeking to cure or treat include cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, spinal cord injuries, blindness, and even COVID-19. I spoke recently with a guy named Jake Javier. He supports this bond initiative because he knows firsthand how life changing stem cell research can be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jake Javier\u003c/strong> [00:02:25] I am in my last year at Cal Poly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:02:28] So, Jake grew up locally in Danville and was just graduating high school when he suffered a life altering injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jake Javier\u003c/strong> [00:02:35] On the last day of high school, I drove in to a pool and hit my head on the bottom and broke my neck and was immediately paralyzed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:02:47] He says his injury was complete, with very little hope of recovery. But a doctor at Stanford reached out to Jake and his family and said, you can be part of this clinical trial where we, with a one time surgery, will inject stem cells into the damaged area and you may possibly see some benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:03:07] Now, Jake is still injured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jake Javier\u003c/strong> [00:03:09] I’m a quadriplegic. I use a wheelchair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:03:11] But he says after the surgery, he noticed more movement in his arms, in his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jake Javier\u003c/strong> [00:03:17] So, I mean, with my injury, I’m at a level where I would normally not have any function at all in my hands and very, very little function like in my triceps and things like that. Muscles that are really important for functionality and, you know, being able to get through day to day activities that could help me push myself around more, help me transfer in and out of my chair independently. And then also, I notice, you know, I got some some finger movement. It doesn’t seem like much, but even that little movement has helped me so much with picking things up and things like that. So it was really, I was really blessed to see that happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:03:51] So he doesn’t know how much of his recovery is due to the stem cells. How much is natural, or how much is due to physical therapy. But today he’s able to live independently, to go to college – and he wants to pursue a career in medicine. And he is a big believer in stem cell research, regenerative medicine, and is really hoping that California voters will support this proposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:20] Now, what exactly are stem cells and how do they work, I guess?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:04:25] Yeah, stem cells are types of cells that can be turned into any type of specialized cell. Scientists have known about them since the eighteen hundreds, but it wasn’t until the late 90s that researchers developed a method to derive them from human embryos and grow them in a laboratory. And then people really began to get excited about their potential for medicine. Now these cells came from unused embryos created for in vitro fertilization, and they were donated with informed consent. But many anti-abortion groups felt that using the cells were tantamount to taking a human life. So in 2001, then President George W. Bush banned federal funding for any research using newly created stem cell lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:09] OK. And how does that get us now to bonds in California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:05:13] Well, Californians wanted to circumvent these federal restrictions, and in 2004 voted for a bond that gave the state $3 billion to create a research agency called the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine, or CIRM. There was a lot of public support for it. And it just felt like these wonderful cures could be right around the corner. Celebrities like Michael J. Fox appeared in TV commercials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=4&v=fK9Eg0GVl7Q&feature=emb_title\">Michael J. Fox TV commercia\u003c/a>l\u003c/strong> [00:05:36] My most important role lately is as an advocate for patients, and for finding new cures for diseases. That’s why I’m asking you to vote yes on Proposition 71, Stem Cell Research Initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:05:48] And the money for that research, that $3 billion, has now run out. And to continue their work, the stem cell advocacy group, Americans for Cures, is asking voters for more money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:00] So we’re basically voting on whether we want to refill the stem cell research piggy bank here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:06:05] Yeah, exactly. Some question if the state can afford this at this time when budgets are going to be so tight. Others have been disappointed by the slow pace of cures coming out of the field. Now, there are people who credit this research, such as Jake, with improving or restoring their health or the health of their loved ones. Or maybe they hope that one day it will, and they would balk at the idea that this is not worthy research. They point to achievements that the agency has funded. That includes effectively a cure for bubble baby disease. This is when someone is born without a functioning immune system. That mutation can now be corrected with genetically modified stem cells. And recently, just within the last year or so, the FDA approved two new treatments for blood cancer, developed with CIRM support. These achievements are what the agency points to when they’re criticized for not having accomplished more. And they say the process of scientific discovery is long and unpredictable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:04] Now, wasn’t that Bush-era ban on stem cell research that you were talking about earlier – wasn’t that overturned?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:07:11] Yes, that was overturned by President Obama. However, there are current members of Congress who are lobbying President Trump to ban the research again. And if that happens, then California would be the only major player in stemcell research once again in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:30] All right, so who is supporting Prop 14?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:07:32] Governor Gavin Newsom, for one. Many patient advocacy organizations and medical and research institutions, including the California Board of Regents. These people don’t want to see the pace of this research slow. They want it to accelerate. The political action committee supporting this proposition is reporting more than six million dollars in contributions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:53] All right. And what about the opposition? Who’s against it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:07:55] Well, so far, there’s no organized, funded opposition. There have been several newspaper editorials coming out against it, including locally, the Mercury News and the Santa Rosa Press Democrat. They basically say state bonds aren’t the way to fund research and the situation isn’t like it was in 2004 and that the institute should now seek other sources of funding and move forward as a nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:19] All right, Danielle. Well, thanks, as always for your help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:08:21] My pleasure. Thanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:28] In a nutshell, a vote yes on Proposition 14 says you think Californians should give $5.5 billion to the state’s stem cell research institute. That money will be raised by selling bonds, which the state would pay back, with interest, out of\u003cbr>\nthe general fund over the next 30 years. A vote no means you think we shouldn’t spend public money on this research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:54] That’s it on Proposition 14. We’ll be back tomorrow with an episode on Prop 15. And oh, it is a doozy. Commercial property tax! A partial rollback of one of California’s most controversial propositions! It’s going to be fire. In the meantime, you can find more of KQED election coverage at KQED.org/elections. Two reminders on the way out: October 19th is the last day to register to vote and mail in ballots must be postmarked on or before November 3rd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:28] Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member supported KQED. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. See you tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If reading through the statewide ballot propositions has made your head spin, you are in the right place! From Oct. 1 – 16, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is exploring the 12 statewide ballot propositions in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/propfest\">Prop Fest\u003c/a> series. This episode tackles Prop 14, the stem cell research bond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC6474746408&light=true\" width=\"100%\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/2G50GU4\">Printable version\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:00:37] Today, we take on \u003ca href=\"https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/14/index.htm\">Proposition 14\u003c/a>. It’s a bond that would fund stem cell research in the state. On your ballot will read in part like this…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voice 1\u003c/strong> [00:00:46] Proposition 14 authorizes $5.5 billion in state general obligation bonds to fund grants from the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine, educational, nonprofit and private entities for stem cell and other medical research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:03] We’ll explain what all that means, who’s for it, who’s against it, and what else you need to know, all in today’s show. I’m Olivia Allen-Price and this is Bay Curious Prop Fest, Proposition 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>End theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:20] KQED science reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dventon\">Danielle Venton\u003c/a> has been covering Prop 14, The stem cell research bond. Welcome, Danielle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:01:27] Hello, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:28] So let’s start with, what is a bond in general? How do they work?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:01:32] Government bonds are a way to raise money for projects that a government wants to do now, but pay for over time. Think of them as a loan. So, for this particular bond, the state of California would pay that loan back with interest over 30 years out of the general fund, which is supported by taxpayers. So, essentially, when you vote yes on a bond, you’re saying, yes, let’s use public funds for this project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:01:55] OK, so what exactly does this bond fund?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:01:59] This would fund $5.5 billion in stem cell research and treatments in California. Some of the diseases that stem cell research is seeking to cure or treat include cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, spinal cord injuries, blindness, and even COVID-19. I spoke recently with a guy named Jake Javier. He supports this bond initiative because he knows firsthand how life changing stem cell research can be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jake Javier\u003c/strong> [00:02:25] I am in my last year at Cal Poly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:02:28] So, Jake grew up locally in Danville and was just graduating high school when he suffered a life altering injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jake Javier\u003c/strong> [00:02:35] On the last day of high school, I drove in to a pool and hit my head on the bottom and broke my neck and was immediately paralyzed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:02:47] He says his injury was complete, with very little hope of recovery. But a doctor at Stanford reached out to Jake and his family and said, you can be part of this clinical trial where we, with a one time surgery, will inject stem cells into the damaged area and you may possibly see some benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:03:07] Now, Jake is still injured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jake Javier\u003c/strong> [00:03:09] I’m a quadriplegic. I use a wheelchair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:03:11] But he says after the surgery, he noticed more movement in his arms, in his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jake Javier\u003c/strong> [00:03:17] So, I mean, with my injury, I’m at a level where I would normally not have any function at all in my hands and very, very little function like in my triceps and things like that. Muscles that are really important for functionality and, you know, being able to get through day to day activities that could help me push myself around more, help me transfer in and out of my chair independently. And then also, I notice, you know, I got some some finger movement. It doesn’t seem like much, but even that little movement has helped me so much with picking things up and things like that. So it was really, I was really blessed to see that happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:03:51] So he doesn’t know how much of his recovery is due to the stem cells. How much is natural, or how much is due to physical therapy. But today he’s able to live independently, to go to college – and he wants to pursue a career in medicine. And he is a big believer in stem cell research, regenerative medicine, and is really hoping that California voters will support this proposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:04:20] Now, what exactly are stem cells and how do they work, I guess?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:04:25] Yeah, stem cells are types of cells that can be turned into any type of specialized cell. Scientists have known about them since the eighteen hundreds, but it wasn’t until the late 90s that researchers developed a method to derive them from human embryos and grow them in a laboratory. And then people really began to get excited about their potential for medicine. Now these cells came from unused embryos created for in vitro fertilization, and they were donated with informed consent. But many anti-abortion groups felt that using the cells were tantamount to taking a human life. So in 2001, then President George W. Bush banned federal funding for any research using newly created stem cell lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:05:09] OK. And how does that get us now to bonds in California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:05:13] Well, Californians wanted to circumvent these federal restrictions, and in 2004 voted for a bond that gave the state $3 billion to create a research agency called the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine, or CIRM. There was a lot of public support for it. And it just felt like these wonderful cures could be right around the corner. Celebrities like Michael J. Fox appeared in TV commercials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=4&v=fK9Eg0GVl7Q&feature=emb_title\">Michael J. Fox TV commercia\u003c/a>l\u003c/strong> [00:05:36] My most important role lately is as an advocate for patients, and for finding new cures for diseases. That’s why I’m asking you to vote yes on Proposition 71, Stem Cell Research Initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:05:48] And the money for that research, that $3 billion, has now run out. And to continue their work, the stem cell advocacy group, Americans for Cures, is asking voters for more money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:06:00] So we’re basically voting on whether we want to refill the stem cell research piggy bank here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:06:05] Yeah, exactly. Some question if the state can afford this at this time when budgets are going to be so tight. Others have been disappointed by the slow pace of cures coming out of the field. Now, there are people who credit this research, such as Jake, with improving or restoring their health or the health of their loved ones. Or maybe they hope that one day it will, and they would balk at the idea that this is not worthy research. They point to achievements that the agency has funded. That includes effectively a cure for bubble baby disease. This is when someone is born without a functioning immune system. That mutation can now be corrected with genetically modified stem cells. And recently, just within the last year or so, the FDA approved two new treatments for blood cancer, developed with CIRM support. These achievements are what the agency points to when they’re criticized for not having accomplished more. And they say the process of scientific discovery is long and unpredictable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:04] Now, wasn’t that Bush-era ban on stem cell research that you were talking about earlier – wasn’t that overturned?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:07:11] Yes, that was overturned by President Obama. However, there are current members of Congress who are lobbying President Trump to ban the research again. And if that happens, then California would be the only major player in stemcell research once again in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:30] All right, so who is supporting Prop 14?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:07:32] Governor Gavin Newsom, for one. Many patient advocacy organizations and medical and research institutions, including the California Board of Regents. These people don’t want to see the pace of this research slow. They want it to accelerate. The political action committee supporting this proposition is reporting more than six million dollars in contributions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:07:53] All right. And what about the opposition? Who’s against it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:07:55] Well, so far, there’s no organized, funded opposition. There have been several newspaper editorials coming out against it, including locally, the Mercury News and the Santa Rosa Press Democrat. They basically say state bonds aren’t the way to fund research and the situation isn’t like it was in 2004 and that the institute should now seek other sources of funding and move forward as a nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:19] All right, Danielle. Well, thanks, as always for your help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danielle Venton\u003c/strong> [00:08:21] My pleasure. Thanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:28] In a nutshell, a vote yes on Proposition 14 says you think Californians should give $5.5 billion to the state’s stem cell research institute. That money will be raised by selling bonds, which the state would pay back, with interest, out of\u003cbr>\nthe general fund over the next 30 years. A vote no means you think we shouldn’t spend public money on this research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:08:54] That’s it on Proposition 14. We’ll be back tomorrow with an episode on Prop 15. And oh, it is a doozy. Commercial property tax! A partial rollback of one of California’s most controversial propositions! It’s going to be fire. In the meantime, you can find more of KQED election coverage at KQED.org/elections. Two reminders on the way out: October 19th is the last day to register to vote and mail in ballots must be postmarked on or before November 3rd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong> [00:09:28] Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member supported KQED. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. See you tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sometimes one great question begets another, and then another. Such was the case when Bronwyn Pidgeon, an eighth-grader from Half Moon Bay, began wondering what the Bay Area was like during the last ice age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An avowed cat aficionado — she has two, shouts to Molly and Coraline — Bronwyn especially wanted to know what large felines once roamed here. And she didn’t stop there. What about other animals — or for that matter, people? Was the coastline different? Was the landscape covered in ice, or were there many plants?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We at Bay Curious live for lists of questions such as these. Thank you, Bronwyn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out there have been several ice ages throughout our planet’s long history. We’ll concern ourselves with the most recent, and specifically what the Bay Area was like around 12,000 years ago, near the end of a \u003ca href=\"https://stratigraphy.org/timescale/\">geological period\u003c/a> called the Pleistocene, which started more than 2.5 million years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What causes ice ages, you ask? In a word, gravity. Not every circle the Earth makes as it revolves ceaselessly around the sun is exactly the same. Over thousands of years, our planet sometimes wobbles a bit due to gravitational nudges from the sun and the moon. Also, sometimes those circles are stretched slightly by the gravitational pull of Jupiter and Saturn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, these patterns, called \u003ca href=\"https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2948/milankovitch-orbital-cycles-and-their-role-in-earths-climate/\">Milankovitch cycles\u003c/a>, change how much solar radiation the Earth gets, which affects our long-term climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Neat. So what was the landscape like?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If your mental picture of the ice age involves a frozen wasteland, you’re thinking of someplace besides the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Bay Area during the peak of the ice age was not covered with snow and ice. In fact, not much of California was,” says Doris Sloan, a retired UC Berkeley geologist and author of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520241268\">\u003cem>Geology of the San Francisco Bay Region\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. “The main ice sheets covered Canada and the northern parts of the states in the midwest. Here in California, the ice sheet covered the Sierra Nevada.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11487363' label='You might also like']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, the Bay Area would have been lush, verdant, and grassy, with several species of oak and perhaps more annual rainfall. Also, in place of the Bay, picture a valley, with a river flowing through what’s now known as Raccoon Strait, in between Angel Island and Tiburon. Also, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/7788/the-importance-of-studying-the-history-of-sea-level-change-in-san-francisco-bay\">the Pacific coastline is not where you remember leaving it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sea level went down about 400 feet because so much of the Earth’s water was tied up on land in glaciers and ice sheets. Ocean level dropped. And that put the shoreline out past the Farallones, which is really quite amazing,” Sloan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’ve ever squinted west out over the ocean on a clear day at Land’s End, you may have seen the Farallon Islands. Or, maybe you’ve been lucky enough to go whale watching out there. During the last ice age, Sloan says, there wouldn’t have been all that pesky water between you and what she refers to as the Farallon Ridge — just a 20-odd-mile hike slightly downhill along a coastal plain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could have ridden your bicycle out to the Farallones and had a picnic on the mountaintops,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rad. What about those prehistoric beasts?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pat Holroyd, the scientist in charge of Vertebrate Collections at the University of California Museum of Paleontology in Berkeley, says a non-exhaustive list of the remarkable creatures that roamed the Bay Area during the last ice age would include: mammoths, mastodons, camels, sloths, a muskox relative called a shrub-ox, short-faced bears, dire wolves, and, much to Bronwyn’s delight, \u003ca href=\"https://igws.indiana.edu/FossilsAndTime/Sabertooth\">saber-toothed cats\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/GqNmG1NUKdY\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those cats would have preyed on herding animals like horses, Holroyd says, not necessarily mammoths or mastodons, except perhaps young ones. But wait, you ask, mammoths and mastodons weren’t the same thing? Nope — the Bay Area was graced by two different extinct elephant relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way they differ is they have different types of teeth, and that made it possible for them to eat different things,” Holroyd says. Mastodon teeth have big cusps suited to crushing whatever. “They would have been eating shrubs, parts of trees, even fruit. It gives them the ability to eat quite a bit of food,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mammoths, on the other hand, were grass specialists, with teeth more like flat grinding surfaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were other cats here as well, including the cougars, or mountain lions, still present today. Also perhaps lynx, which we associate with cooler climates. And maybe one called the American lion, the bones of which have appeared elsewhere in California; Holroyd says it wouldn’t be a shock for some to turn up in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Ayo big shouts goin out to the good folks at Indiana University’s Alumni Magazine for commissioning this 2 page spread about their \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Megalonyx?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Megalonyx\u003c/a> giant ground \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/sloth?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#sloth\u003c/a> restoration project \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/MEGAJEFF?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#MEGAJEFF\u003c/a>! I also owe a big thanks (& a print 😉 to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/eawilloughby?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@Eawilloughby\u003c/a> for linking me with this client. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/SHM9KqT0md\">pic.twitter.com/SHM9KqT0md\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Brian Engh (@BrianEngh_Art) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BrianEngh_Art/status/1172561569164791808?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">September 13, 2019\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>As it happens, ice age bones turn up here \u003cem>all the time\u003c/em>. People have found mammoth teeth and bones while doing construction or out walking the dog. There was even a sloth femur a short walk from Holroyd’s work, in what’s now the Downtown Berkeley BART station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I tell people who call and ask about the likelihood of finding a fossil when they’re doing construction work in the Bay Area is that if you dig a big enough hole, you’ll probably find a fossil,” Holroyd says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Were people here during the ice age?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“When people got to California is very controversial,” Holroyd says. “There’s no doubt that people were here by 12,000 years ago, and would have overlapped with some of these megafauna.” (Megafauna is a slightly more dignified term for “terrific beasts.” Tomayto, tomahto.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are signs of people here much earlier, she says, but it’s not easy to say exactly when — at least yet. Another problem is a lot of their early sites may now be underwater, “because just like today, the coastline is a great place to travel along. And so there were probably many coastal archaeological sites of the first peopling of North America that are now underwater out in the Bay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Bronwyn, she was quite pleased to hear about the Bay Area’s prehistoric cats, as well as the mammoths and mastodons:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the most interesting thing was probably the fact that there were two different kinds of very large hairy elephants in this area,” she said. “And it’s really interesting that you used to be able to walk out to the Farallones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out she can see the islands from her house in Half Moon Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sometimes one great question begets another, and then another. Such was the case when Bronwyn Pidgeon, an eighth-grader from Half Moon Bay, began wondering what the Bay Area was like during the last ice age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An avowed cat aficionado — she has two, shouts to Molly and Coraline — Bronwyn especially wanted to know what large felines once roamed here. And she didn’t stop there. What about other animals — or for that matter, people? Was the coastline different? Was the landscape covered in ice, or were there many plants?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We at Bay Curious live for lists of questions such as these. Thank you, Bronwyn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out there have been several ice ages throughout our planet’s long history. We’ll concern ourselves with the most recent, and specifically what the Bay Area was like around 12,000 years ago, near the end of a \u003ca href=\"https://stratigraphy.org/timescale/\">geological period\u003c/a> called the Pleistocene, which started more than 2.5 million years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What causes ice ages, you ask? In a word, gravity. Not every circle the Earth makes as it revolves ceaselessly around the sun is exactly the same. Over thousands of years, our planet sometimes wobbles a bit due to gravitational nudges from the sun and the moon. Also, sometimes those circles are stretched slightly by the gravitational pull of Jupiter and Saturn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, these patterns, called \u003ca href=\"https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2948/milankovitch-orbital-cycles-and-their-role-in-earths-climate/\">Milankovitch cycles\u003c/a>, change how much solar radiation the Earth gets, which affects our long-term climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Neat. So what was the landscape like?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If your mental picture of the ice age involves a frozen wasteland, you’re thinking of someplace besides the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Bay Area during the peak of the ice age was not covered with snow and ice. In fact, not much of California was,” says Doris Sloan, a retired UC Berkeley geologist and author of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520241268\">\u003cem>Geology of the San Francisco Bay Region\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. “The main ice sheets covered Canada and the northern parts of the states in the midwest. Here in California, the ice sheet covered the Sierra Nevada.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, the Bay Area would have been lush, verdant, and grassy, with several species of oak and perhaps more annual rainfall. Also, in place of the Bay, picture a valley, with a river flowing through what’s now known as Raccoon Strait, in between Angel Island and Tiburon. Also, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/7788/the-importance-of-studying-the-history-of-sea-level-change-in-san-francisco-bay\">the Pacific coastline is not where you remember leaving it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sea level went down about 400 feet because so much of the Earth’s water was tied up on land in glaciers and ice sheets. Ocean level dropped. And that put the shoreline out past the Farallones, which is really quite amazing,” Sloan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’ve ever squinted west out over the ocean on a clear day at Land’s End, you may have seen the Farallon Islands. Or, maybe you’ve been lucky enough to go whale watching out there. During the last ice age, Sloan says, there wouldn’t have been all that pesky water between you and what she refers to as the Farallon Ridge — just a 20-odd-mile hike slightly downhill along a coastal plain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could have ridden your bicycle out to the Farallones and had a picnic on the mountaintops,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rad. What about those prehistoric beasts?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pat Holroyd, the scientist in charge of Vertebrate Collections at the University of California Museum of Paleontology in Berkeley, says a non-exhaustive list of the remarkable creatures that roamed the Bay Area during the last ice age would include: mammoths, mastodons, camels, sloths, a muskox relative called a shrub-ox, short-faced bears, dire wolves, and, much to Bronwyn’s delight, \u003ca href=\"https://igws.indiana.edu/FossilsAndTime/Sabertooth\">saber-toothed cats\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/GqNmG1NUKdY'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/GqNmG1NUKdY'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Those cats would have preyed on herding animals like horses, Holroyd says, not necessarily mammoths or mastodons, except perhaps young ones. But wait, you ask, mammoths and mastodons weren’t the same thing? Nope — the Bay Area was graced by two different extinct elephant relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way they differ is they have different types of teeth, and that made it possible for them to eat different things,” Holroyd says. Mastodon teeth have big cusps suited to crushing whatever. “They would have been eating shrubs, parts of trees, even fruit. It gives them the ability to eat quite a bit of food,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mammoths, on the other hand, were grass specialists, with teeth more like flat grinding surfaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were other cats here as well, including the cougars, or mountain lions, still present today. Also perhaps lynx, which we associate with cooler climates. And maybe one called the American lion, the bones of which have appeared elsewhere in California; Holroyd says it wouldn’t be a shock for some to turn up in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Ayo big shouts goin out to the good folks at Indiana University’s Alumni Magazine for commissioning this 2 page spread about their \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Megalonyx?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Megalonyx\u003c/a> giant ground \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/sloth?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#sloth\u003c/a> restoration project \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/MEGAJEFF?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#MEGAJEFF\u003c/a>! I also owe a big thanks (& a print 😉 to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/eawilloughby?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@Eawilloughby\u003c/a> for linking me with this client. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/SHM9KqT0md\">pic.twitter.com/SHM9KqT0md\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Brian Engh (@BrianEngh_Art) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BrianEngh_Art/status/1172561569164791808?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">September 13, 2019\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>As it happens, ice age bones turn up here \u003cem>all the time\u003c/em>. People have found mammoth teeth and bones while doing construction or out walking the dog. There was even a sloth femur a short walk from Holroyd’s work, in what’s now the Downtown Berkeley BART station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I tell people who call and ask about the likelihood of finding a fossil when they’re doing construction work in the Bay Area is that if you dig a big enough hole, you’ll probably find a fossil,” Holroyd says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Were people here during the ice age?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“When people got to California is very controversial,” Holroyd says. “There’s no doubt that people were here by 12,000 years ago, and would have overlapped with some of these megafauna.” (Megafauna is a slightly more dignified term for “terrific beasts.” Tomayto, tomahto.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are signs of people here much earlier, she says, but it’s not easy to say exactly when — at least yet. Another problem is a lot of their early sites may now be underwater, “because just like today, the coastline is a great place to travel along. And so there were probably many coastal archaeological sites of the first peopling of North America that are now underwater out in the Bay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Bronwyn, she was quite pleased to hear about the Bay Area’s prehistoric cats, as well as the mammoths and mastodons:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the most interesting thing was probably the fact that there were two different kinds of very large hairy elephants in this area,” she said. “And it’s really interesting that you used to be able to walk out to the Farallones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out she can see the islands from her house in Half Moon Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "The Birth of 'Wine Country' Is a Story of Bugs, Taxes and War",
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"content": "\u003cp>Nestled in the hills just north of San Francisco is one of the most famous wine-producing regions in the world. Visitors come from all over to sip wine at bucolic wineries overlooking thousands of acres of grapes. But how did this region become famous for wine? That’s what Bay Curious listener Michael Viray wanted to know. The temperate Mediterranean climate would be good for growing all types of crops. How did wine come to dominate here?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The First Wine\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Catholic priests planted the first wine grapes in Sonoma County in the early 1820s at the \u003ca href=\"https://missionscalifornia.com/san-francisco-solano-mission/key-facts\">Mission San Francisco Solano\u003c/a>. And just a decade later, in the 1830s, when European settlers began making their homes in the Napa Valley, wine grapes would have been one of their crops. Commercial winemaking in what we now know as “wine country,” however, traces its roots back to a German immigrant named Charles Krug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11838201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1020x1541.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Krug started one of the oldest wineries in Napa Valley back in 1861.\" width=\"400\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1020x1541.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-800x1208.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-160x242.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1017x1536.jpg 1017w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug.jpg 1350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Krug started one of the oldest wineries in Napa Valley back in 1861. \u003ccite>(Peter Mondavi Family Winery/\u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CharlesKrug.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While living in San Francisco, Krug managed a German language newspaper and \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/wine/columnists/allison-levine/allison-levine-please-the-palate-mondavis-celebrate-75-years-at-krug-winery-in-napa-valley/article_249afd84-cabf-5a4e-a730-3b3c9b5e9a1b.html\">is said to have experimented with winemaking\u003c/a> as a hobby. When Krug married Carolina Bale in 1860, her family offered land just north of St. Helena for her dowry, says \u003ca href=\"https://gsm.ucdavis.edu/profile/dr-james-t-lapsley\">Jim Lapsley\u003c/a>, professor of viticulture and enology at UC Davis. The Charles Krug Winery opened there in 1861 and is considered to be the first commercial winery in Napa Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Gold Rush\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Gold Rush \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgenealogy.org/sf/history/hgpop.htm\">rapidly increased \u003c/a>California’s population, and the state joined the union in 1850. In 1840, California had about 8,000 people. Just 10 years later, the population had grown to roughly 100,000. Meanwhile, San Francisco was booming. In July 1849, 5,000 people called it home. Six months later, the population was five times that. By 1870, the population of the city had reached 100,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In reaction to this population boom, more and more grape growers began to plant grapes in what we now know as wine country, an area that stretches through Napa, Sonoma, Mendocino, Lake and Solano counties. But California wines only represented a fraction of the wine consumed in the United States. California had no bottling plants, so grapes were shipped east on trains for bottling. And it was cheaper for consumers on the East Coast to import wine from Europe by boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1875, the federal government stepped in and increased import taxes on European wines. That made shipping wine from California more financially competitive, and California began to dominate the domestic table wine market. The more expensive wines still tended to come from Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Booms and Busts\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By the 1880s, a small bug related to an aphid \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/05/dining/wine-talk-after-phylloxera-the-first-taste-of-a-better-grape.html\">arrived in the Napa Valley\u003c/a>. Phylloxera ate the roots of European grape varieties like Vitis Vinifera. Jim Lapsley says that when phylloxera arrived in wine country, “It killed the vineyards. And the only way you could really come up with a solution was to plant on grafted vines. The bottom, the rootstock would be a native variety,” which the bugs didn’t like, “And then on the top we have a graft with the European vinifera.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838202\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1020x677.jpg\" alt=\"Phylloxera galls on a leaf.\" width=\"640\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1920x1275.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phylloxera galls on a grape leaf. This aphid-like insect decimated North Bay vineyards between 1870-1890, although probably due to the regions dry climate it never went into its winged form, as pictured here. In California, Phylloxera stayed underground, eating the roots. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/28061028@N07/35287648956\">Candiru\u003c/a>/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Grape growers also tried a few other solutions, including pumping poisonous gas into the soil and flooding entire vineyards. But the grafted rootstocks worked best, and they are still used widely on vineyards in Sonoma, Napa and surrounding counties today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1920s brought another rough patch to California winemakers. The U.S. Congress passed the 18th Amendment — better known as Prohibition — in 1919. Prohibition outlawed the production and sale of alcoholic beverages. Many wineries went out of business, and Lapsley says those that survived took advantage of a loophole in the law that allowed people to produce wine at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The grape industry in California switched from producing wine grapes to be sold to wineries, to grapes that could be shipped back east to home wine producers,” Lapsley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Prohibition, \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/how-prohibition-changed-the-way-americans-drink-100-years-ago-129854\">by the end of 1921 Americans were drinking again\u003c/a> at almost two-thirds the level they had before the law was passed. And eventually lawmakers gave in, overturning the 18th Amendment in 1933, and making alcohol of all types legal again in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The War Years Changed Everything\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before World War II, the wine produced in the North Bay still \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/111499/distilling-the-story-of-california-wine-one-label-at-a-time\">didn’t look much like what we see today\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California wineries were producing bulk wine and shipping it out of state to bottlers,” Lapsley says. ”So most of the wine that was produced in California was not bottled under a California label.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838206\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Bunch of green wine grapes.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A bunch of green wine grapes on the vine at To-Kalon Vineyard. \u003ccite>(Christopher Beale/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This would change as the government took over various parts of American industry for the war effort. The railroad cars that used to send wine east for bottling, were commandeered, leaving the wine industry with one solution — move their operation to California. So, Lapsley says, “In ‘43 bottlers start bottling in California for the first time.” And, those new bottles printed the locale on the label — making California wine a bottled and branded commodity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popularity of wine produced in the North Bay \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsetglobal.com/media/3010/changing-face-of-the-us-consumer.pdf\">exploded in the 1970s\u003c/a> thanks to the millions of baby boomers coming of age. They loved white wine. Around this time, new innovations were arriving at wineries around the region. Things like refrigeration and stainless steel tanks not only helped sterilize and streamline the winemaking process, but also made it taste better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we ferment grapes, and especially white grapes, at lower temperatures, the fruity characteristics that are inherent in the grapes are enhanced and maintained,” Lapsley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Judgement of Paris Brings Respectability and Renown\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838203\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Grapevines at Judds Hill Winery\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grapevines at Judds Hill Winery. \u003ccite>(Christopher Beale/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The real turning point for the respectability of California wines came in 1975 at the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/109705/the-judgment-of-paris-the-blind-taste-test-that-decanted-the-wine-world\">“Judgement of Paris.”\u003c/a> California wines went head-to-head with European favorites and won a blind-taste test by French judges. The results sent a shockwave through the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a feature article [in] \u003ca href=\"http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,947719,00.html\">Time Magazine\u003c/a>,” Lapsley says. “And basically it was a shot in the arm for the industry. It was validation. And we had even more people coming in and wanting to start wineries or plant vineyards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, wineries and grape growing operations work side by side in wine country. The industry has survived a lot in the past 160 years, but its challenges aren’t over. Climate change has led to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/climatewatch/2011/08/15/climate-change-offers-up-a-new-wine-list/\">hotter, drier weather\u003c/a> and is forcing the industry to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926662/wineries-hedge-against-climate-change-move-to-cool-climates\">plan for and adapt to\u003c/a> an uncertain future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t worry. People in the know say with absolute confidence that wine country — and its spirit of innovation — are here to stay. Cheers!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Nestled in the hills just north of San Francisco is one of the most famous wine-producing regions in the world. Visitors come from all over to sip wine at bucolic wineries overlooking thousands of acres of grapes. But how did this region become famous for wine? That’s what Bay Curious listener Michael Viray wanted to know. The temperate Mediterranean climate would be good for growing all types of crops. How did wine come to dominate here?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The First Wine\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Catholic priests planted the first wine grapes in Sonoma County in the early 1820s at the \u003ca href=\"https://missionscalifornia.com/san-francisco-solano-mission/key-facts\">Mission San Francisco Solano\u003c/a>. And just a decade later, in the 1830s, when European settlers began making their homes in the Napa Valley, wine grapes would have been one of their crops. Commercial winemaking in what we now know as “wine country,” however, traces its roots back to a German immigrant named Charles Krug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11838201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1020x1541.jpg\" alt=\"Charles Krug started one of the oldest wineries in Napa Valley back in 1861.\" width=\"400\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1020x1541.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-800x1208.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-160x242.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug-1017x1536.jpg 1017w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/CharlesKrug.jpg 1350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Krug started one of the oldest wineries in Napa Valley back in 1861. \u003ccite>(Peter Mondavi Family Winery/\u003ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CharlesKrug.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While living in San Francisco, Krug managed a German language newspaper and \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/wine/columnists/allison-levine/allison-levine-please-the-palate-mondavis-celebrate-75-years-at-krug-winery-in-napa-valley/article_249afd84-cabf-5a4e-a730-3b3c9b5e9a1b.html\">is said to have experimented with winemaking\u003c/a> as a hobby. When Krug married Carolina Bale in 1860, her family offered land just north of St. Helena for her dowry, says \u003ca href=\"https://gsm.ucdavis.edu/profile/dr-james-t-lapsley\">Jim Lapsley\u003c/a>, professor of viticulture and enology at UC Davis. The Charles Krug Winery opened there in 1861 and is considered to be the first commercial winery in Napa Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Gold Rush\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Gold Rush \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgenealogy.org/sf/history/hgpop.htm\">rapidly increased \u003c/a>California’s population, and the state joined the union in 1850. In 1840, California had about 8,000 people. Just 10 years later, the population had grown to roughly 100,000. Meanwhile, San Francisco was booming. In July 1849, 5,000 people called it home. Six months later, the population was five times that. By 1870, the population of the city had reached 100,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In reaction to this population boom, more and more grape growers began to plant grapes in what we now know as wine country, an area that stretches through Napa, Sonoma, Mendocino, Lake and Solano counties. But California wines only represented a fraction of the wine consumed in the United States. California had no bottling plants, so grapes were shipped east on trains for bottling. And it was cheaper for consumers on the East Coast to import wine from Europe by boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1875, the federal government stepped in and increased import taxes on European wines. That made shipping wine from California more financially competitive, and California began to dominate the domestic table wine market. The more expensive wines still tended to come from Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Booms and Busts\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By the 1880s, a small bug related to an aphid \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/05/dining/wine-talk-after-phylloxera-the-first-taste-of-a-better-grape.html\">arrived in the Napa Valley\u003c/a>. Phylloxera ate the roots of European grape varieties like Vitis Vinifera. Jim Lapsley says that when phylloxera arrived in wine country, “It killed the vineyards. And the only way you could really come up with a solution was to plant on grafted vines. The bottom, the rootstock would be a native variety,” which the bugs didn’t like, “And then on the top we have a graft with the European vinifera.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838202\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1020x677.jpg\" alt=\"Phylloxera galls on a leaf.\" width=\"640\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-800x531.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf-1920x1275.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/PhylloxeraGallsOnLeaf.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phylloxera galls on a grape leaf. This aphid-like insect decimated North Bay vineyards between 1870-1890, although probably due to the regions dry climate it never went into its winged form, as pictured here. In California, Phylloxera stayed underground, eating the roots. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/28061028@N07/35287648956\">Candiru\u003c/a>/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Grape growers also tried a few other solutions, including pumping poisonous gas into the soil and flooding entire vineyards. But the grafted rootstocks worked best, and they are still used widely on vineyards in Sonoma, Napa and surrounding counties today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1920s brought another rough patch to California winemakers. The U.S. Congress passed the 18th Amendment — better known as Prohibition — in 1919. Prohibition outlawed the production and sale of alcoholic beverages. Many wineries went out of business, and Lapsley says those that survived took advantage of a loophole in the law that allowed people to produce wine at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The grape industry in California switched from producing wine grapes to be sold to wineries, to grapes that could be shipped back east to home wine producers,” Lapsley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Prohibition, \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/how-prohibition-changed-the-way-americans-drink-100-years-ago-129854\">by the end of 1921 Americans were drinking again\u003c/a> at almost two-thirds the level they had before the law was passed. And eventually lawmakers gave in, overturning the 18th Amendment in 1933, and making alcohol of all types legal again in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The War Years Changed Everything\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before World War II, the wine produced in the North Bay still \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/111499/distilling-the-story-of-california-wine-one-label-at-a-time\">didn’t look much like what we see today\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California wineries were producing bulk wine and shipping it out of state to bottlers,” Lapsley says. ”So most of the wine that was produced in California was not bottled under a California label.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838206\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Bunch of green wine grapes.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapesToKalonVineyard-CB.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A bunch of green wine grapes on the vine at To-Kalon Vineyard. \u003ccite>(Christopher Beale/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This would change as the government took over various parts of American industry for the war effort. The railroad cars that used to send wine east for bottling, were commandeered, leaving the wine industry with one solution — move their operation to California. So, Lapsley says, “In ‘43 bottlers start bottling in California for the first time.” And, those new bottles printed the locale on the label — making California wine a bottled and branded commodity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popularity of wine produced in the North Bay \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsetglobal.com/media/3010/changing-face-of-the-us-consumer.pdf\">exploded in the 1970s\u003c/a> thanks to the millions of baby boomers coming of age. They loved white wine. Around this time, new innovations were arriving at wineries around the region. Things like refrigeration and stainless steel tanks not only helped sterilize and streamline the winemaking process, but also made it taste better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we ferment grapes, and especially white grapes, at lower temperatures, the fruity characteristics that are inherent in the grapes are enhanced and maintained,” Lapsley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Judgement of Paris Brings Respectability and Renown\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11838203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11838203\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"Grapevines at Judds Hill Winery\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/GrapevinesJuddsHillWinery-CB.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grapevines at Judds Hill Winery. \u003ccite>(Christopher Beale/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The real turning point for the respectability of California wines came in 1975 at the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/109705/the-judgment-of-paris-the-blind-taste-test-that-decanted-the-wine-world\">“Judgement of Paris.”\u003c/a> California wines went head-to-head with European favorites and won a blind-taste test by French judges. The results sent a shockwave through the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a feature article [in] \u003ca href=\"http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,947719,00.html\">Time Magazine\u003c/a>,” Lapsley says. “And basically it was a shot in the arm for the industry. It was validation. And we had even more people coming in and wanting to start wineries or plant vineyards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, wineries and grape growing operations work side by side in wine country. The industry has survived a lot in the past 160 years, but its challenges aren’t over. Climate change has led to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/climatewatch/2011/08/15/climate-change-offers-up-a-new-wine-list/\">hotter, drier weather\u003c/a> and is forcing the industry to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926662/wineries-hedge-against-climate-change-move-to-cool-climates\">plan for and adapt to\u003c/a> an uncertain future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t worry. People in the know say with absolute confidence that wine country — and its spirit of innovation — are here to stay. Cheers!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "The Story Behind the Golden Gate Bridge's New Howl",
"headTitle": "The Story Behind the Golden Gate Bridge’s New Howl | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>If you’ve driven across the Golden Gate Bridge in the last couple of months, you may have heard a startlingly loud humming noise coming from the bridge itself. Bay Curious listener Ryan heard it one day while driving his motorcycle across the bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once COVID started it was just fun to go on 20-minute rides,” Ryan said. “It was a pretty easy way to get out of the house and not talk to people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan normally avoids crossing the bridge on windy days, but had no choice one day after missing his exit. That’s when he heard it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made this really really loud noise, it sounded like, I don’t know, like a howl or a whistle or something like that,” he said. “It kinda sounded like when you blow into a beer bottle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan is not the only person wondering what’s going on with the bridge. Residents report hearing it across the bay, at Lands End, and from other points miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">As much as I would‘ve loved this eerie sound to be aliens coming for us, apparently it’s the installation of new wind resistance railing that has turned the Golden Gate Bridge into a huge instrument that can be heard all around the Bay! Hypnotizing! \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/goldengatebridge?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#goldengatebridge\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/SanFrancisco?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#SanFrancisco\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/DhWEnttp2X\">pic.twitter.com/DhWEnttp2X\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Shirin (@Shirin_Jnk) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Shirin_Jnk/status/1269143410268467200?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 6, 2020\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>KQED’s senior editor for Arts, Gabe Meline, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13881451/the-golden-gate-bridge-sounds-like-a-david-lynch-movie-now\">looked into the strange phenomenon\u003c/a> back in June. The sound is coming from new sidewalk railing slats installed as part of a wind retrofit meant to make the bridge safer and more resilient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bay Curious’ sound engineer, Rob Speight, wanted to know a lot more. He dug into the issue further, wondering why bridge engineers decided to change the slats in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When bridge engineers were designing the original railings, they wanted to provide pedestrians a sense of safety while allowing drivers to take in views of San Francisco to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west, while on the roadway,” says Paolo Cosulich-Schwartz, spokesperson for the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slats used to be fairly big, like two-by-fours, but in the recent retrofit the engineers made them thinner. They noticed that when the wind hit the slats just right, it made a sound. But they were unprepared for how distinctive — and loud — the howling would be. They also may have underestimated how much people would hate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11837053\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11837053\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM-1020x421.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM-1020x421.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM-800x330.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM-160x66.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM.png 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Screenshot of a Reddit discussion about the Golden Gate Bridge’s new howl. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/engineering/comments/gxvg7i/golden_gate_bridge_side_path_redesign/\">whole thread\u003c/a> is interesting. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/engineering/comments/gxvg7i/golden_gate_bridge_side_path_redesign/\">Reddit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In order to create the effect, we do need to see winds with a little bit of northwest or southwest [direction to them],” says Cosulich-Schwartz. “We’re only hearing it when there’s a bit of an angle to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wind speeds have to be fairly high, too, although engineers are still looking into the specifics. So, the bridge definitely isn’t making this sound all the time, one reason why it can be so eerie when it does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One other cool thing about the howl is its frequency — 440Hz. As any musician will know, A440 is the tuning standard for the musical note A above C. In general, all western instruments use this frequency as the basis of a standard tuning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Golden Gate Bridge be like \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/VQD0f9jcHg\">pic.twitter.com/VQD0f9jcHg\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Gina Linetti (@GinaLin88822273) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GinaLin88822273/status/1269136844689559552?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 6, 2020\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“It’s a happy coincidence that the bridge making a new noise is a musical feature,” Cosulich-Schwartz says. “[It’s] certainly not something we designed for, which is why we’re doing testing. And we’ll be evaluating mitigation measures to dampen or eliminate the noise based on feedback we’ve heard from the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means you have a short window to hear the bridge singing it’s mysterious song across the bay before the district implements a fix. Keep an eye on the forecast for north-westerly or south-westerly winds and then go listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you’ve driven across the Golden Gate Bridge in the last couple of months, you may have heard a startlingly loud humming noise coming from the bridge itself. Bay Curious listener Ryan heard it one day while driving his motorcycle across the bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once COVID started it was just fun to go on 20-minute rides,” Ryan said. “It was a pretty easy way to get out of the house and not talk to people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan normally avoids crossing the bridge on windy days, but had no choice one day after missing his exit. That’s when he heard it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made this really really loud noise, it sounded like, I don’t know, like a howl or a whistle or something like that,” he said. “It kinda sounded like when you blow into a beer bottle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan is not the only person wondering what’s going on with the bridge. Residents report hearing it across the bay, at Lands End, and from other points miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">As much as I would‘ve loved this eerie sound to be aliens coming for us, apparently it’s the installation of new wind resistance railing that has turned the Golden Gate Bridge into a huge instrument that can be heard all around the Bay! Hypnotizing! \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/goldengatebridge?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#goldengatebridge\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/SanFrancisco?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#SanFrancisco\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/DhWEnttp2X\">pic.twitter.com/DhWEnttp2X\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Shirin (@Shirin_Jnk) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Shirin_Jnk/status/1269143410268467200?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 6, 2020\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>KQED’s senior editor for Arts, Gabe Meline, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13881451/the-golden-gate-bridge-sounds-like-a-david-lynch-movie-now\">looked into the strange phenomenon\u003c/a> back in June. The sound is coming from new sidewalk railing slats installed as part of a wind retrofit meant to make the bridge safer and more resilient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bay Curious’ sound engineer, Rob Speight, wanted to know a lot more. He dug into the issue further, wondering why bridge engineers decided to change the slats in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When bridge engineers were designing the original railings, they wanted to provide pedestrians a sense of safety while allowing drivers to take in views of San Francisco to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west, while on the roadway,” says Paolo Cosulich-Schwartz, spokesperson for the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slats used to be fairly big, like two-by-fours, but in the recent retrofit the engineers made them thinner. They noticed that when the wind hit the slats just right, it made a sound. But they were unprepared for how distinctive — and loud — the howling would be. They also may have underestimated how much people would hate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11837053\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11837053\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM-1020x421.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM-1020x421.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM-800x330.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM-160x66.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/Screen-Shot-2020-09-08-at-2.47.05-PM.png 1448w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Screenshot of a Reddit discussion about the Golden Gate Bridge’s new howl. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/engineering/comments/gxvg7i/golden_gate_bridge_side_path_redesign/\">whole thread\u003c/a> is interesting. \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/engineering/comments/gxvg7i/golden_gate_bridge_side_path_redesign/\">Reddit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In order to create the effect, we do need to see winds with a little bit of northwest or southwest [direction to them],” says Cosulich-Schwartz. “We’re only hearing it when there’s a bit of an angle to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wind speeds have to be fairly high, too, although engineers are still looking into the specifics. So, the bridge definitely isn’t making this sound all the time, one reason why it can be so eerie when it does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One other cool thing about the howl is its frequency — 440Hz. As any musician will know, A440 is the tuning standard for the musical note A above C. In general, all western instruments use this frequency as the basis of a standard tuning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Golden Gate Bridge be like \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/VQD0f9jcHg\">pic.twitter.com/VQD0f9jcHg\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Gina Linetti (@GinaLin88822273) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GinaLin88822273/status/1269136844689559552?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 6, 2020\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“It’s a happy coincidence that the bridge making a new noise is a musical feature,” Cosulich-Schwartz says. “[It’s] certainly not something we designed for, which is why we’re doing testing. And we’ll be evaluating mitigation measures to dampen or eliminate the noise based on feedback we’ve heard from the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means you have a short window to hear the bridge singing it’s mysterious song across the bay before the district implements a fix. Keep an eye on the forecast for north-westerly or south-westerly winds and then go listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
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"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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