window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={
"attachmentsReducer": {
"audio_0": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_0",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_1": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_1",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_2": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_2",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_3": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_3",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_4": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_4",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"
}
}
},
"placeholder": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "placeholder",
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"small": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 32,
"height": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 50,
"height": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 64,
"height": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 96,
"height": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 128,
"height": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
}
},
"news_11886659": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11886659",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11886659",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11886636,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1330125868-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1330125868-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1330125868-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1330125868-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1330125868-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1330125868-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1024
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1330125868-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1330125868-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
}
},
"publishDate": 1630104508,
"modified": 1630104572,
"caption": "Water lines are visible on the steep banks of Lake Oroville. As the extreme drought emergency continues in California, Lake Oroville's water levels are continuing to drop to 28 percent of capacity.",
"description": "An empty reservoir.",
"title": "California's Drought Brings Lake Oroville To Historic Low Level",
"credit": "Justin Sullivan/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": null,
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11886547": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11886547",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11886547",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11886536,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/delta-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/delta-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/delta-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/delta.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/delta-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/delta-1536x864.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 864
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/delta-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
}
},
"publishDate": 1630024618,
"modified": 1630024710,
"caption": "Aerial view of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Bay Delta. Two-thirds of Californians get some water from here.",
"description": null,
"title": "delta",
"credit": "Mark Andrew Boyer/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": null,
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11886325": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11886325",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11886325",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11886317,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/drought-lake-mendocino-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/drought-lake-mendocino-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/drought-lake-mendocino-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/drought-lake-mendocino.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1278
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/drought-lake-mendocino-1020x679.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 679
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/drought-lake-mendocino-1536x1022.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1022
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/drought-lake-mendocino-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
}
},
"publishDate": 1629927875,
"modified": 1629927930,
"caption": "A couple walks their dog near the coast of Lake Mendocino on June 11, 2021. Water officials say the reservoir could go dry by the end of the summer.",
"description": "A couple walks their dog near the coast of Lake Mendocino on June 11, 2021. Water officials say the reservoir could go dry by the end of the summer.",
"title": "A couple walks their dog near the coast of Lake Mendocino on June 11, 2021.",
"credit": "Beth LaBerge/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": "A couple walks their dog near the coast of Lake Mendocino on June 11, 2021.",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11761535": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11761535",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11761535",
"found": true
},
"parent": 0,
"imgSizes": {
"apple_news_ca_landscape_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1044x783.jpg",
"width": 1044,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 783
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-470x470.jpg",
"width": 470,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 470
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-160x120.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 120
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-e1563235114141.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1440
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-632x474.jpg",
"width": 632,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 474
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1020x765.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 765
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1200x900.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 900
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-536x402.jpg",
"width": 536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 402
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1122x1496.jpg",
"width": 1122,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1496
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-800x600.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 600
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-354x472.jpg",
"width": 354,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 472
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-840x1120.jpg",
"width": 840,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1120
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1832x1374.jpg",
"width": 1832,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1374
},
"apple_news_ca_square_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1104x1104.jpg",
"width": 1104,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1104
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-414x552.jpg",
"width": 414,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 552
},
"apple_news_ca_square_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1472x1472.jpg",
"width": 1472,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1472
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-687x916.jpg",
"width": 687,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 916
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1920x1440.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1440
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-550x550.jpg",
"width": 550,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 550
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-1376x1032.jpg",
"width": 1376,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1032
},
"apple_news_ca_square_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2431-912x912.jpg",
"width": 912,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 912
}
},
"publishDate": 1563235069,
"modified": 1563409111,
"caption": "Mike Rose, co-owner of Semifreddi's Bakery, holds a tray of fresh Dutch Crunch rolls. ",
"description": null,
"title": "Fresh Dutch Crunch rolls",
"credit": "Amanda Font/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11884525": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11884525",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11884525",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11884520,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1307489157-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1307489157-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1307489157-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1307489157.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1307489157-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1307489157-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1024
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1307489157-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/GettyImages-1307489157-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
}
},
"publishDate": 1628626581,
"modified": 1628626627,
"caption": "Gov. Gavin Newsom will face a recall election on Sept. 14, 2021. ",
"description": "Gov. Gavin Newsom will face a recall election on Sept. 14, 2021. ",
"title": "Governor Gavin Newsom Visits School To Highlight State's Reopening Efforts",
"credit": "Justin Sullivan/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": null,
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11883786": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11883786",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11883786",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11883780,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/PG_FrancisCustodio-sized-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/PG_FrancisCustodio-sized-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/PG_FrancisCustodio-sized-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/PG_FrancisCustodio-sized.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/PG_FrancisCustodio-sized-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/PG_FrancisCustodio-sized-1536x864.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 864
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/PG_FrancisCustodio-sized-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
}
},
"publishDate": 1628119836,
"modified": 1628271775,
"caption": "Patricio Ginelsa (left) directs childhood friend Francis Custodio in \u003ci>Lumpia With a Vengeance\u003c/i>.",
"description": "Patricio Ginelsa (left) directs childhood friend Francis Custodio in \u003ci>Lumpia With a Vengeance\u003c/i>.",
"title": "PG_FrancisCustodio-sized",
"credit": "\u003ca href=\"https://jcasasphotography.com/\">J.J Casas\u003c/a>/Courtesy \u003ca href=\"https://www.kidheroes.net/\">Kid Heroes Productions\u003c/a>",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": "Patricio Ginelsa (left) directs childhood friend Francis Custodio in \"Lumpia With a Vengeance.\"",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11882808": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11882808",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11882808",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11882379,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272.jpg",
"width": 2500,
"height": 1667
},
"2048x2048": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272-2048x1366.jpg",
"width": 2048,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1366
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1024
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
}
},
"publishDate": 1627503119,
"modified": 1628104133,
"caption": "A view from the Saint Francis neighborhood in Daly City. ",
"description": "A view from the Saint Francis neighborhood in Daly City. ",
"title": "07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0272",
"credit": "Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": "A view from the Saint Francis neighborhood in Daly City.",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11882075": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11882075",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11882075",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11881696,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1283
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-1020x682.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 682
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-1536x1026.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1026
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/E-40.DeFremery-800x535.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 535
}
},
"publishDate": 1626933789,
"modified": 1626933814,
"caption": "E-40 at DeFremery Park in West Oakland, Oct. 12, 2018.",
"description": "E-40 at DeFremery Park in West Oakland, Oct. 12, 2018.",
"title": "E-40.DeFremery",
"credit": "Pendarvis Harshaw/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": null,
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11880536": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11880536",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11880536",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11880526,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/tule-reed-hut-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/tule-reed-hut-160x120.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 120
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/tule-reed-hut-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/tule-reed-hut.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1500
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/tule-reed-hut-1020x765.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 765
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/tule-reed-hut-1536x1152.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1152
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/tule-reed-hut-1920x1440.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1440
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/tule-reed-hut-800x600.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 600
}
},
"publishDate": 1625689969,
"modified": 1626209416,
"caption": "Archaeologists believe some of the Bay Area's first inhabitants lived in houses that were framed with wood, perhaps willow, and thatched with tule or other plant materials. ",
"description": "illustrations are by Maureen Self. Courtesy of the California Institute for Community, Art & Nature,\" where Malcolm is the executive director and founder.\n",
"title": "tule-reed-hut",
"credit": "Maureen Self/Courtesy of the California Institute for Community, Art & Nature",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": "Archaeologists believe some of the Bay Area's first inhabitants lived in houses were framed with wood, perhaps willow, and thatched with tule or other plant materials.",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11880226": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11880226",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11880226",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11879641,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-1536x864.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 864
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
}
},
"publishDate": 1625194429,
"modified": 1625194540,
"caption": "A big rig truck on the 880 freeway. Big trucks like this one are banned on the I-580 freeway.",
"description": null,
"title": "trucks",
"credit": "Teodros Hailye/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": null,
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11879070": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11879070",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11879070",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11879038,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Berkeley-Rep-exterior-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Berkeley-Rep-exterior-160x125.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 125
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Berkeley-Rep-exterior-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Berkeley-Rep-exterior.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1497
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Berkeley-Rep-exterior-1020x795.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 795
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Berkeley-Rep-exterior-1536x1198.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1198
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Berkeley-Rep-exterior-800x624.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 624
}
},
"publishDate": 1624477585,
"modified": 1624484962,
"caption": "Exterior of Berkeley Repertory Theatre",
"description": null,
"title": "Berkeley-Rep-exterior",
"credit": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/rocor/14353591619/in/photolist-nSnUHz-fLJA46-bUX1ss-4f4jRL-6Vn8WN-agWBft-xbSGF-6cUS88-TQCKo7-U1qAmU-6cUS7D-6cZ1Aj-6cZ1zU-91cTSM-dNYdw-4tdgKM-6ZatRX-QM1yde-6Zev5w-p1X4N-D5Vv9t-dNYcQ-5EpH41-bDRCZi-5Y7Pox-6ZazUT-dNYdg-buQYeA-U5xL94-TSYwP6-nSnU8M-TuzTZj-U3KVQx-4BHUbG-U1qxum-Srvjo8-5Ekq2e-5EpGYo-5Ekq4H-5Ekq6n-5EkqcM-5EkqaB-5EpH25-5EpGYU-xyAfT4-5EpH1m-bDRCJe-5ZtoN7-x3uc1V-5EkpX8\">rocor\u003c/a>/Flickr",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": "Exterior of Berkeley Rep theater",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11879049": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11879049",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11879049",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11879024,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48246_008_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48246_008_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48246_008_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48246_008_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48246_008_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48246_008_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1024
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48246_008_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
}
},
"publishDate": 1624475412,
"modified": 1624475434,
"caption": "The Littlefield Concert Hall at Mills College in Oakland on March 24, 2021.",
"description": null,
"title": "The Littlefield Concert Hall at Mills College in Oakland on March 24, 2021.",
"credit": "Beth LaBerge/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": null,
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
}
},
"audioPlayerReducer": {
"postId": "stream_live",
"isPaused": true,
"isPlaying": false,
"pfsActive": false,
"pledgeModalIsOpen": true,
"playerDrawerIsOpen": false,
"liveAudioPlayStartedAt": 0,
"liveAudioPlayContext": ""
},
"authorsReducer": {
"byline_news_11886636": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_news_11886636",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_news_11886636",
"name": "Amy Mayer",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_news_11886536": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_news_11886536",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_news_11886536",
"name": "Lauren Sommer, Ezra David Romero, Katrina Schwartz",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_news_11881696": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_news_11881696",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_news_11881696",
"name": "Pendarvis Harshaw and Olivia Allen-Price",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_news_11880526": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_news_11880526",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_news_11880526",
"name": "Daniel Potter",
"isLoading": false
},
"astupi": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "70",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "70",
"found": true
},
"name": "Amanda Stupi",
"firstName": "Amanda",
"lastName": "Stupi",
"slug": "astupi",
"email": "astupi@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "Senior Engagement Producer",
"bio": "Amanda joined KQED Science’s engagement team as a Senior Audience Engagement Strategist in the spring of 2019. She has helped craft messaging around wildfires, the coronavirus pandemic, climate change and many other stories. She has also brought KQED Science to new platforms such as Reddit’s Ask Me Anything series. Prior to joining KQED Science, Amanda spent seven years as an engagement producer with Forum, KQED’s daily live call-in show. She got her start in radio at KALW's weekly call in show, City Visions, before going on to an internship and stint at NPR's Talk of the Nation.\r\n\r\nPrior to journalism, Amanda taught English at Lowell High School. She's a native of Petaluma and currently lives under the \"South San Francisco the Industrial City\" sign in South City. She believes that engagement is vital to news’s future and that good journalism listens as much as it asks questions.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e981c503e5c162da701dcaccfbf87e35?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"Contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "pop",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "perspectives",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Amanda Stupi | KQED",
"description": "Senior Engagement Producer",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e981c503e5c162da701dcaccfbf87e35?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e981c503e5c162da701dcaccfbf87e35?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/astupi"
},
"ohubertallen": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "102",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "102",
"found": true
},
"name": "Olivia Allen-Price",
"firstName": "Olivia",
"lastName": "Allen-Price",
"slug": "ohubertallen",
"email": "oallenprice@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news"
],
"title": "Senior Editor",
"bio": "Olivia Allen-Price is senior editor and host of the award-winning Bay Curious podcast. Prior to joining KQED in 2013, Olivia worked at The Baltimore Sun and The Virginian-Pilot in Norfolk, Va. She holds degrees in journalism and political science from Elon University. Her work has earned awards from the Society of Professional Journalists, the Hearst Foundation and Hearken. She loves to talk about running and curly hair.\r\n\r\nFollow: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oallenprice\">@oallenprice\u003c/a>\r\nEmail: \u003ca href=\"mailto:oallenprice@kqed.org\">oallenprice@kqed.org\u003c/a>",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/07f7803c1f6be56f3be58ef276dfa64dce898502e0554408ef4858451a8294f7?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "oallenprice",
"bluesky": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
},
{
"site": "pop",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
},
{
"site": "bayareabites",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Olivia Allen-Price | KQED",
"description": "Senior Editor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/07f7803c1f6be56f3be58ef276dfa64dce898502e0554408ef4858451a8294f7?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/07f7803c1f6be56f3be58ef276dfa64dce898502e0554408ef4858451a8294f7?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/ohubertallen"
},
"katrinaschwartz": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "234",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "234",
"found": true
},
"name": "Katrina Schwartz",
"firstName": "Katrina",
"lastName": "Schwartz",
"slug": "katrinaschwartz",
"email": "kschwartz@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news"
],
"title": "Producer",
"bio": "Katrina Schwartz is a journalist based in San Francisco. She's worked at KPCC public radio in LA and has reported on air and online for KQED since 2010. She covered how teaching and learning is changing for MindShift between 2012 and 2020. She is the co-host of the MindShift podcast and now produces KQED's Bay Curious podcast.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/edb4ee79070447a018538c9aae6eeecf28786515b8a0c30e43b6b7dce5aa44c8?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "kschwart",
"bluesky": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "mindshift",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Katrina Schwartz | KQED",
"description": "Producer",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/edb4ee79070447a018538c9aae6eeecf28786515b8a0c30e43b6b7dce5aa44c8?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/edb4ee79070447a018538c9aae6eeecf28786515b8a0c30e43b6b7dce5aa44c8?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/katrinaschwartz"
},
"afont": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "8637",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "8637",
"found": true
},
"name": "Amanda Font",
"firstName": "Amanda",
"lastName": "Font",
"slug": "afont",
"email": "afont@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "KQED Contributor",
"bio": "Amanda Font is a producer on \u003cem>The Latest\u003c/em> podcast, and the host and co-producer of the series \u003cem>Audible Cosmos\u003c/em>. She has previously worked as a producer and reporter on the \u003cem>Bay Curious\u003c/em> podcast, and director of \u003cem>The California Report Magazine\u003c/em>. She grew up in the deserts of Southern California and moved north for the trees. Amanda earned a B.A. from the BECA program at San Francisco State, where she worked in the university's radio station. Amanda Font is represented by SAG-AFTRA.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d9e81cf0117d5849b9cfb7ab4b1422f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"add_users",
"create_users"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "forum",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
},
{
"site": "perspectives",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
},
{
"site": "radio",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Amanda Font | KQED",
"description": "KQED Contributor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d9e81cf0117d5849b9cfb7ab4b1422f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d9e81cf0117d5849b9cfb7ab4b1422f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/afont"
},
"lklivans": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "8648",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "8648",
"found": true
},
"name": "Laura Klivans",
"firstName": "Laura",
"lastName": "Klivans",
"slug": "lklivans",
"email": "lklivans@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news",
"science"
],
"title": "Reporter",
"bio": "Laura Klivans is an award-winning science reporter for KQED News, where she covers climate change with an eye on both groundbreaking progress and gaps in action. She is the former host of KQED's blockbuster video series about tiny, amazing animals, \u003cem>Deep Look\u003c/em>. Her work reaches national audiences through NPR, \u003cem>Here & Now, \u003c/em>PRI, and other major outlets. \r\n\r\nLaura’s won five Northern California Area Emmy Awards for Deep Look and First Place in the Greater Bay Area Journalism Awards for a podcast exploring how one Oakland neighborhood teamed up to reduce planet-heating pollution.\r\n\r\nBeyond her reporting, she hosts and moderates events. In the past, she taught audio storytelling at the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism, led international education programs, worked with immigrants and refugees along the Thai-Burmese border, taught high schoolers sex ed, and was an actress. \r\n\r\nShe's a former UC Berkeley Human Rights Fellow, USC Center for Health Journalism's California Fellow and Coro Fellow in Public Affairs. Laura has a master’s in journalism from UC Berkeley, a master’s in education from Harvard, and an undergraduate degree from Northwestern University.\r\n\r\nShe loves trying to riddle the meaning out of vanity license plates.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/af8e757bb8ce7b7fee6160ba66e37327?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "lauraklivans",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"contributor",
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "forum",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Laura Klivans | KQED",
"description": "Reporter",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/af8e757bb8ce7b7fee6160ba66e37327?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/af8e757bb8ce7b7fee6160ba66e37327?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/lklivans"
}
},
"pagesReducer": {
"news_program_bay-curious": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_33523",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "33523",
"score": 15.089103
},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Bay Curious",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "program",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Bay Curious Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33540,
"slug": "bay-curious",
"isLoading": false,
"title": "Bay Curious",
"pageMeta": {
"site": "news",
"WpPageTemplate": "page-topic-editorial",
"currentPage": 22
},
"blocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardArticle2",
"query": "posts/news?program=bay-curious",
"seeMore": false,
"paginated": true,
"page": 22
}
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/ad"
}
]
}
},
"pfsSessionReducer": {},
"postsReducer": {
"stream_live": {
"type": "live",
"id": "stream_live",
"audioUrl": "https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio",
"title": "Live Stream",
"excerpt": "Live Stream information currently unavailable.",
"link": "/radio",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "KQED Live",
"link": "/"
}
},
"stream_kqedNewscast": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "stream_kqedNewscast",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1",
"title": "KQED Newscast",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "88.5 FM",
"link": "/"
}
},
"news_11886636": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11886636",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11886636",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1630404046000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "is-california-in-a-megadrought-transcript",
"title": "Is California in a Megadrought? (Transcript)",
"publishDate": 1630404046,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Is California in a Megadrought? (Transcript) | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>California is in drought. Again. And the infrastructure used to sustain the state’s 40 million residents — and $50 billion agriculture industry — hasn’t kept up with changing climate patterns. The Bay Curious podcast will explore new ways of thinking about the future of water in \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/playlist/2QoyW8Jt9q3Tq11l8ws3wc?si=3d913de8a11c45a8&nd=1\">our state as part of a six part series: State of Drought.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC3142023629\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music starts\u003c/em>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003cem>[00:00:02] \u003c/em>You’re listening to the Bay Curious State of Drought series, I’m \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oallenprice\">Olivia Allen Price\u003c/a>. A few weeks ago, we asked you, our audience, what you wanted to know about drought in California. And there was one question that came in that really caught my eye. It came from Nicholas Hardy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicholas Hardy\u003c/b> \u003cem>[00:00:18] \u003c/em>Are we in the start of a drought or are we actually in the middle of a megadrought with some wet years thrown in?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:00:26] \u003c/em>Megadrought. The word alone sounds almost like a science fiction movie … something you’d spot at a video store alongside the movies Sharknado and San Andreas … if video stores still existed, that is. But megadrought is not fiction. It is a very real climate phenomenon. Today, we find the answer to Nicholas’s question and learn some fascinating things about our long term climate along the way. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Music ends\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:00:50] \u003c/em>All right, so we’re setting out to answer Nicholas’s question about megadrought. Here to help us out as reporter Amy Mayer. Hey, Amy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:00:58] \u003c/em>Hi, Olivia. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:00:59] \u003c/em>So looking around, I see the hills are dry and brown, but they’re always brown this time of year. Can you first explain how do we know it’s because of a drought and not just seasonal dryness? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:10] \u003c/em>You really have to go back to the past winter. We didn’t have a lot of rain here, and especially in the mountains, there wasn’t a lot of snow. Plus parts of the state have really been hot this summer. So those are some of the measurements that go into something called the Drought Monitor, which is a map put together by a bunch of federal agencies and university scientists. They update it weekly based on certain concrete measurements, like soil moisture and stream flow, but also observations. They have UC Extension agents all over the state who are watching for different things. So the end of August of 2021, the whole state was in at least moderate drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:45] \u003c/em>And it’s not just California. Right. I know I’ve heard about low water levels across a lot of the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:51] \u003c/em>That’s right. Yeah. The drought conditions extend across Arizona and Nevada, even Oregon. And the heat and low water obviously also have an impact on the Colorado River and everyone who uses water from that river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Newscaster: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:04] \u003c/em>For the first time ever, the federal government has declared a water shortage on the Colorado River. Two decades of drought means reservoirs that store runoff are depleted and there’s not enough water to meet demand. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:18] \u003c/em>So there’s five stages in that drought monitor. Nearly half of California, plus a large swath of Nevada right now, are in exceptional drought. That’s the top category. That includes six Bay Area counties. Paul Rogers of the San Jose Mercury News pulled out some old data showing that San Francisco is seeing its third driest year since the gold rush and San Jose experienced its driest year in 128 years of record keeping. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:47] \u003c/em>All right, so it’s bad. I know that we’ve been flirting with exceptional drought on and off for many years now, so much so that people, like our question asker Nicholas, bring up this term megadrought. What is a megadrought and are we in one? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:03] \u003c/em>Well, yes, we are in a megadrought and it’s not really because of this summer’s conditions or the things we’ve been talking about this year. Megadrought is not a weather term. Mega drought is a climate word. And we’re in one now because across the southwest, these drier conditions and these hotter conditions have been going on for decades. So, Olivia, you might remember after what seemed like the last drought, roughly 2011 to 2017, we got some wet years. But it turns out they weren’t enough to overcome these drought conditions. Richard Seager is a climate scientist at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in New York. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Seager: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:41] \u003c/em>In the Southwest, it’s been overall drier since the late 1990s. So we’re talking about a 20 year dry period here now. And using the term megadrought is justifiable because it stacks up in terms of the severity and the length with the ones that we’ve inferred from tree ring data back in the medieval period. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:04] \u003c/em>Tell me more about those tree rings. What’s that about? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:07] \u003c/em>Well, in a dry year, trees just don’t grow as much. A lot of people are familiar with the rings that a tree adds each year, and when they’re closer together or they’re thinner, that tells scientists that a drought has happened and it can allow them to figure out how long a drought lasted. John Abatzoglou, is a professor at UC Merced and he looks at droughts both past and present. He was part of a big team that published a look at historic megadroughts. The paper came out last year and they looked at a lot of tree records across the southwest. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>John Abatzoglou: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:35] \u003c/em>We can actually compile trees both that are living today, as well as trees that may have died, but their skeletons remain and sort of piece those together to go back a bit further through time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:46] \u003c/em>So these tree skeletons led them back thousands of years to droughts during medieval times that lasted for decades. And that helped them conclude the 20th century was anomalous for its lack of droughts in this area. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:59] \u003c/em>Wow. So that really turns everything on its head. I mean, really, California became what it is during a time when there was more water than historically there would have been. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:09] \u003c/em>Yeah, that’s exactly what their studies have found. Even though we thought of California as dry. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:14] \u003c/em>Huh. So have we as humans played a factor in this megadrought? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:19] \u003c/em>Well, these climate guys are confident that a megadrought would have come regardless. It’s just part of the climate cycle. But, yeah, having so many people and also the fact that we grow so much of the country’s fruits and vegetables and nuts, that likely makes it worse because we’re used to using more water and the water has always been there to use … even though this region was generally considered rather dry. So Abatzoglou says the water supply coming into this megadrought may have actually been lower than it was in the past when the area entered other megadroughts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>John Abatzoglou: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:52] \u003c/em>We have increased population. We have the bountiful Central Valley that is basically all irrigated. That has increased the demand through time, right? A human driven increase in demand. And that makes it easier to actually realize drought impacts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:09] \u003c/em>That really gets us to a question that we heard from a lot of listeners, which was: long term, can a drier California be home to so many people?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:19] \u003c/em>Well, both Seager and Abatzoglou think so, but how water is used and for what is probably going to need to change some. And of course, they both mentioned farming. Here’s Seager again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Seager: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:30] \u003c/em>A lot of agriculture in the United States is going to have to move from California in the southwest to other water rich areas of the United States. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:38] \u003c/em>That would be a huge change for a lot of people. But Abatzoglou says maybe not so fast. Ingenuity and engineering might offer some solutions. And at UC Merced they’re actually putting in a smart farm to test a wide variety of ag tech research efforts, a lot of them aimed at better resource use, including water. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>John Abatzoglou: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:58] \u003c/em>Some of these changes could actually lead to beneficial climate adaptation strategies being more efficient, like revolutionizing how we work with land, how we work with water. So there may be some good things that come out of dealing with hardship, which is what we’re going through in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[emailsignup newslettername=\"baycurious\" align=\"right\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:14] \u003c/em>For example, sensors that could determine exactly how much water a specific plant needs so that custom micro irrigation can deliver just that amount and at the right time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:24] \u003c/em>That’s a really cool idea. But ultimately, I think a lot of people want to know when are we going to get out of this? Are we going to get out of this? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:32] \u003c/em>Right. Sure. That’s the big question. And again, there’s two parts to it, the short term and the long term. So first, when is there going to be more water? When are we going to get out of this acute drought situation? Abatzoglou says he and others are working on better ways to tell us what’s coming in the next water year. If we knew, then we could make smart decisions and he says that could help us not feel the impacts quite so severely. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>John Abatzoglou: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:55] \u003c/em>Because drought is one of these sort of sneaking phenomenas or creeping phenomenas. Usually you don’t know you’re in a drought until it’s a little bit too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:04] \u003c/em>But longer term, climate scientists are trying to develop tools to predict when overall drought conditions might change. That would help to define, you know, how long a megadrought might last year when another one might be starting. That would mean they would need better ways to forecast the ocean temperatures, because that’s one of the things that controls drought conditions. Seager says so far they just can’t project that out more than about a year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Seager: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:27] \u003c/em>There are big international research efforts to do that. But in the Pacific Ocean, that research to date has not met with a tremendous amount of success. It’s been rather disappointing in progress. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:45] \u003c/em>We’ve got a new water year starting October 1st, and Governor Newsom is already saying that if it’s dry again this winter, he might need to impose some mandatory water reductions, possibly statewide. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:56] \u003c/em>Well, something to keep our eyes on. Reporter Amy Mayer, thanks for speaking with me. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:09:01] \u003c/em>Thanks for having me. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:09:05] \u003c/em>That’s it for the third installment in our State of Drought series. Tomorrow, we’re going to start talking about solutions, beginning with what we as individuals can do in our own homes. Bay Curious is made by Katrina Schwartz, Brendan Willard, Sebastian Miño-Bucheli and me, Olivia Allen-Price. We’re a production of member-supported KQED in San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Is California's current drought part of a bigger period of dryness in our climate? Reporter Amy Mayer brings us some answers. ",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1727905482,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": true,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 48,
"wordCount": 2059
},
"headData": {
"title": "Is California in a Megadrought? (Transcript) | KQED",
"description": "Is California's current drought part of a bigger period of dryness in our climate? Reporter Amy Mayer brings us some answers. ",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "Is California in a Megadrought? (Transcript)",
"datePublished": "2021-08-31T03:00:46-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-10-02T14:44:42-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"source": "Bay Curious",
"sourceUrl": "http://baycurious.org/",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC3142023629.mp3?updated=1630361169",
"sticky": false,
"nprByline": "Amy Mayer",
"path": "/news/11886636/is-california-in-a-megadrought-transcript",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California is in drought. Again. And the infrastructure used to sustain the state’s 40 million residents — and $50 billion agriculture industry — hasn’t kept up with changing climate patterns. The Bay Curious podcast will explore new ways of thinking about the future of water in \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/playlist/2QoyW8Jt9q3Tq11l8ws3wc?si=3d913de8a11c45a8&nd=1\">our state as part of a six part series: State of Drought.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC3142023629\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music starts\u003c/em>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003cem>[00:00:02] \u003c/em>You’re listening to the Bay Curious State of Drought series, I’m \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oallenprice\">Olivia Allen Price\u003c/a>. A few weeks ago, we asked you, our audience, what you wanted to know about drought in California. And there was one question that came in that really caught my eye. It came from Nicholas Hardy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicholas Hardy\u003c/b> \u003cem>[00:00:18] \u003c/em>Are we in the start of a drought or are we actually in the middle of a megadrought with some wet years thrown in?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:00:26] \u003c/em>Megadrought. The word alone sounds almost like a science fiction movie … something you’d spot at a video store alongside the movies Sharknado and San Andreas … if video stores still existed, that is. But megadrought is not fiction. It is a very real climate phenomenon. Today, we find the answer to Nicholas’s question and learn some fascinating things about our long term climate along the way. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Music ends\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:00:50] \u003c/em>All right, so we’re setting out to answer Nicholas’s question about megadrought. Here to help us out as reporter Amy Mayer. Hey, Amy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:00:58] \u003c/em>Hi, Olivia. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:00:59] \u003c/em>So looking around, I see the hills are dry and brown, but they’re always brown this time of year. Can you first explain how do we know it’s because of a drought and not just seasonal dryness? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:10] \u003c/em>You really have to go back to the past winter. We didn’t have a lot of rain here, and especially in the mountains, there wasn’t a lot of snow. Plus parts of the state have really been hot this summer. So those are some of the measurements that go into something called the Drought Monitor, which is a map put together by a bunch of federal agencies and university scientists. They update it weekly based on certain concrete measurements, like soil moisture and stream flow, but also observations. They have UC Extension agents all over the state who are watching for different things. So the end of August of 2021, the whole state was in at least moderate drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:45] \u003c/em>And it’s not just California. Right. I know I’ve heard about low water levels across a lot of the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:51] \u003c/em>That’s right. Yeah. The drought conditions extend across Arizona and Nevada, even Oregon. And the heat and low water obviously also have an impact on the Colorado River and everyone who uses water from that river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Newscaster: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:04] \u003c/em>For the first time ever, the federal government has declared a water shortage on the Colorado River. Two decades of drought means reservoirs that store runoff are depleted and there’s not enough water to meet demand. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:18] \u003c/em>So there’s five stages in that drought monitor. Nearly half of California, plus a large swath of Nevada right now, are in exceptional drought. That’s the top category. That includes six Bay Area counties. Paul Rogers of the San Jose Mercury News pulled out some old data showing that San Francisco is seeing its third driest year since the gold rush and San Jose experienced its driest year in 128 years of record keeping. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:47] \u003c/em>All right, so it’s bad. I know that we’ve been flirting with exceptional drought on and off for many years now, so much so that people, like our question asker Nicholas, bring up this term megadrought. What is a megadrought and are we in one? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:03] \u003c/em>Well, yes, we are in a megadrought and it’s not really because of this summer’s conditions or the things we’ve been talking about this year. Megadrought is not a weather term. Mega drought is a climate word. And we’re in one now because across the southwest, these drier conditions and these hotter conditions have been going on for decades. So, Olivia, you might remember after what seemed like the last drought, roughly 2011 to 2017, we got some wet years. But it turns out they weren’t enough to overcome these drought conditions. Richard Seager is a climate scientist at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in New York. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Seager: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:41] \u003c/em>In the Southwest, it’s been overall drier since the late 1990s. So we’re talking about a 20 year dry period here now. And using the term megadrought is justifiable because it stacks up in terms of the severity and the length with the ones that we’ve inferred from tree ring data back in the medieval period. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:04] \u003c/em>Tell me more about those tree rings. What’s that about? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:07] \u003c/em>Well, in a dry year, trees just don’t grow as much. A lot of people are familiar with the rings that a tree adds each year, and when they’re closer together or they’re thinner, that tells scientists that a drought has happened and it can allow them to figure out how long a drought lasted. John Abatzoglou, is a professor at UC Merced and he looks at droughts both past and present. He was part of a big team that published a look at historic megadroughts. The paper came out last year and they looked at a lot of tree records across the southwest. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>John Abatzoglou: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:35] \u003c/em>We can actually compile trees both that are living today, as well as trees that may have died, but their skeletons remain and sort of piece those together to go back a bit further through time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:46] \u003c/em>So these tree skeletons led them back thousands of years to droughts during medieval times that lasted for decades. And that helped them conclude the 20th century was anomalous for its lack of droughts in this area. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:04:59] \u003c/em>Wow. So that really turns everything on its head. I mean, really, California became what it is during a time when there was more water than historically there would have been. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:09] \u003c/em>Yeah, that’s exactly what their studies have found. Even though we thought of California as dry. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:14] \u003c/em>Huh. So have we as humans played a factor in this megadrought? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:19] \u003c/em>Well, these climate guys are confident that a megadrought would have come regardless. It’s just part of the climate cycle. But, yeah, having so many people and also the fact that we grow so much of the country’s fruits and vegetables and nuts, that likely makes it worse because we’re used to using more water and the water has always been there to use … even though this region was generally considered rather dry. So Abatzoglou says the water supply coming into this megadrought may have actually been lower than it was in the past when the area entered other megadroughts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>John Abatzoglou: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:52] \u003c/em>We have increased population. We have the bountiful Central Valley that is basically all irrigated. That has increased the demand through time, right? A human driven increase in demand. And that makes it easier to actually realize drought impacts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:09] \u003c/em>That really gets us to a question that we heard from a lot of listeners, which was: long term, can a drier California be home to so many people?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:19] \u003c/em>Well, both Seager and Abatzoglou think so, but how water is used and for what is probably going to need to change some. And of course, they both mentioned farming. Here’s Seager again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Seager: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:30] \u003c/em>A lot of agriculture in the United States is going to have to move from California in the southwest to other water rich areas of the United States. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:38] \u003c/em>That would be a huge change for a lot of people. But Abatzoglou says maybe not so fast. Ingenuity and engineering might offer some solutions. And at UC Merced they’re actually putting in a smart farm to test a wide variety of ag tech research efforts, a lot of them aimed at better resource use, including water. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>John Abatzoglou: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:58] \u003c/em>Some of these changes could actually lead to beneficial climate adaptation strategies being more efficient, like revolutionizing how we work with land, how we work with water. So there may be some good things that come out of dealing with hardship, which is what we’re going through in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "emailsignup",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"newslettername": "baycurious",
"align": "right",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:14] \u003c/em>For example, sensors that could determine exactly how much water a specific plant needs so that custom micro irrigation can deliver just that amount and at the right time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:24] \u003c/em>That’s a really cool idea. But ultimately, I think a lot of people want to know when are we going to get out of this? Are we going to get out of this? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:32] \u003c/em>Right. Sure. That’s the big question. And again, there’s two parts to it, the short term and the long term. So first, when is there going to be more water? When are we going to get out of this acute drought situation? Abatzoglou says he and others are working on better ways to tell us what’s coming in the next water year. If we knew, then we could make smart decisions and he says that could help us not feel the impacts quite so severely. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>John Abatzoglou: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:55] \u003c/em>Because drought is one of these sort of sneaking phenomenas or creeping phenomenas. Usually you don’t know you’re in a drought until it’s a little bit too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:04] \u003c/em>But longer term, climate scientists are trying to develop tools to predict when overall drought conditions might change. That would help to define, you know, how long a megadrought might last year when another one might be starting. That would mean they would need better ways to forecast the ocean temperatures, because that’s one of the things that controls drought conditions. Seager says so far they just can’t project that out more than about a year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Richard Seager: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:27] \u003c/em>There are big international research efforts to do that. But in the Pacific Ocean, that research to date has not met with a tremendous amount of success. It’s been rather disappointing in progress. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:45] \u003c/em>We’ve got a new water year starting October 1st, and Governor Newsom is already saying that if it’s dry again this winter, he might need to impose some mandatory water reductions, possibly statewide. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:56] \u003c/em>Well, something to keep our eyes on. Reporter Amy Mayer, thanks for speaking with me. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Amy Mayer: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:09:01] \u003c/em>Thanks for having me. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:09:05] \u003c/em>That’s it for the third installment in our State of Drought series. Tomorrow, we’re going to start talking about solutions, beginning with what we as individuals can do in our own homes. Bay Curious is made by Katrina Schwartz, Brendan Willard, Sebastian Miño-Bucheli and me, Olivia Allen-Price. We’re a production of member-supported KQED in San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11886636/is-california-in-a-megadrought-transcript",
"authors": [
"byline_news_11886636"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523",
"news_34552",
"news_28779"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_34165",
"news_8",
"news_33520"
],
"tags": [
"news_4092",
"news_19204",
"news_29387",
"news_6739"
],
"featImg": "news_11886659",
"label": "source_news_11886636"
},
"news_11886536": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11886536",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11886536",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1630058452000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1630058452,
"format": "image",
"title": "Bay Area: Do You Know Where Your Water Comes From?",
"headTitle": "Bay Area: Do You Know Where Your Water Comes From? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/playlist/2QoyW8Jt9q3Tq11l8ws3wc?si=3d913de8a11c45a8&nd=1\">Listen to all six episodes of our State of Drought series on Spotify. \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/39fV5VD\">Episode transcript\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area water system is a byzantine patchwork of agencies — more than 50 in all — that provides water to customers. Some are the ones you see on your water bill. Others are middlemen that provide water to local agencies at the wholesale level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some of that water makes a long journey. Southern California has the reputation for tapping far-flung sources for its water needs, but the Bay Area is in the same boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two-thirds of the Bay Area’s water supply comes from outside the region, which means in extreme drought years, local water districts are competing with many others around the state for limited supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we suffer under another dry period, some parts of the Bay Area are experiencing the drought more acutely because of where they get their water. We’re going to break it down for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Bay Area Water Districts By Major Source of Supply\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886556\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 817px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11886556\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-26-at-5.45.48-PM.png\" alt=\"Graphic showing where bay area water districts get their water.\" width=\"817\" height=\"791\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-26-at-5.45.48-PM.png 817w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-26-at-5.45.48-PM-800x775.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-26-at-5.45.48-PM-160x155.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 817px) 100vw, 817px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A breakdown of where different regions of the Bay Area get their water. \u003ccite>(Source: \u003ca href=\"https://wrpinfo.org/media/1283/abag-webinar-2015.pdf\">ABAG Infrastructure Vulnerability & Interdependencies Study (2014)\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Hetch Hetchy Water System\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The system originates more than 100 miles from its primary customers, in Yosemite National Park. O’Shaughnessy Dam was built on the Tuolumne River in 1923 to create Hetch Hetchy Reservoir. The water travels through a series of pipelines before it reaches the Bay Area and blends with five local reservoirs. The Tuolumne River joins the San Joaquin River and flows into the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco depends on Hetch Hetchy for its water. The city’s direct access to a large amount of stored water means that even when precipitation levels are lower than average, residents don’t start seeing mandatory water restrictions right away. The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission is also a water wholesaler, selling water to places on the peninsula like Burlingame, Palo Alto, Hillsborough and Redwood City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city has long resisted proposals to drain Hetch Hetchy. In 2012, advocates of restoring Hetch Hetchy Valley \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/century-old-battle-over-yosemites-second-valley-heats-up/\">put a measure on the San Francisco ballot\u003c/a> that would have required the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission to study draining the reservoir and shifting the water to other storage facilities. The measure was defeated. In 2018, then Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke met with proponents of restoration, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/No-real-worry-that-Hetch-Hetchy-will-be-drained-13105043.php\">the discussions didn’t lead anywhere\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14633\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/HetchHetchy-1024x368.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14633\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/HetchHetchy-1024x368.jpg\" alt=\"Click to enlarge map. (Credit: By Shannon1 [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0], via Wikimedia Commons)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"368\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to enlarge map. (Credit: By Shannon1 \u003ca href=\"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AHetchhetchyprojmap.jpg\">via Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>California’s two major rivers, the Sacramento and San Joaquin, fed by half a dozen others, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">come together in this inland delta \u003c/a>just east of San Francisco Bay. The Delta’s watershed makes up about 45 percent of the state in all. Two-thirds of Californians use Delta water, delivered mainly through two major canal systems, the State Water Project and the Central Valley Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1976534\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 826px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1976534\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DWR_USGS_bay_deltamap-826x1024-1.jpg\" alt=\"Map of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Bay Delta\" width=\"826\" height=\"1024\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sacramento-San Joaquin Bay Delta is a massive system of waterways that provides water to fish, wildlife and people throughout California.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When we have prolonged drought, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/31/state-water-project-deliveries-canceled-because-of-drought\">water deliveries\u003c/a> from both these projects diminish, except for some drinking water supplies. Napa, Santa Clara, and Contra Costa counties all get some water out of the Delta. The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta has seen \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">dramatic ecological decline\u003c/a> due to habitat loss, invasive species and highly altered water flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975989/san-jose-relies-on-water-from-the-sierra-nevada-climate-change-is-challenging-that-system\">San Jose, its largest city \u003c/a>— are in a particularly difficult water situation. In 2021, Santa Clara Valley Water, the water agency that serves San Jose, only received 5% of the water it contracts from the state, a quarter of what it sources from the feds, and has seen little local rainfall.\u003cbr>\nOn top of all that, the largest reservoir in Valley Water’s system is virtually empty at 3% full, after it was emptied so that the Anderson Dam near Morgan Hill could undergo seismic retrofitting. Valley Water is asking Santa Clara residents to cut water use by 15% to help stretch their water supplies in case we have another dry winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Russian River Water System\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1976536\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1976536\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS49926_030_MendocinoCounty_LakeMendocinoDrought_06112021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"New vegetation grows on what was once the lake bed of Lake Mendocino on June 11, 2021.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New vegetation grows on what was once the lake bed of Lake Mendocino on June 11, 2021.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The 110-mile Russian River begins north of the Bay Area in Mendocino County and flows south until it reaches the Pacific Ocean west of Santa Rosa. The water system consists of reservoirs at Lake Sonoma, Lake Mendocino, and water diverted from the Eel River into the Russian River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This region is unique in that no water comes from the Sierra Nevada snowmelt. The Russian River watershed sits isolated from the rest of the state, and in dry times, communities in the region are on their own. In normal years, Sonoma also sells water to Marin County, so in dry years both counties feel the pinch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin Water officials are concerned enough about their situation to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1976066/gripped-by-drought-marin-considers-desalination-water-pipeline-over-the-richmond-bridge\">considering two pricey options\u003c/a>. One is to lease a desalination plant for $37 million. That would provide a third of the county’s drinking water needs. The other option is to build a water pipeline over the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge to transport water purchased from an entity with access to Delta water. That pipeline would cost between $66 – $88 million. Marin built a similar pipeline back in the late 1970s when it was especially dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Mokelumne River Water System\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This river originates in the Central Sierra Nevada and flows west until it reaches the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and San Francisco Bay. The East Bay Municipal Utility District built Pardee Dam on the river near Stockton in 1929. Water is delivered to the Bay Area through the 85-mile Mokelumne Aqueduct, which diverts the river’s water before it reaches the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886541\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 900px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11886541\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/EBMUD-water.jpg\" alt=\"Map of the EBMUD aqueducts from the Mokelumne River Watershed.\" width=\"900\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/EBMUD-water.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/EBMUD-water-800x347.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/EBMUD-water-160x69.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Map of the EBMUD aqueducts from the Mokelumne River Watershed. \u003ccite>(Courtesy EBMUD)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Lake Berryessa\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The 23 mile-long reservoir was created in Napa County in the 1950s, when the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation built Monticello Dam on Putah Creek. Lake Berryessa water feeds several big cities in Solano County.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Local Water Supplies\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many water districts use water from the surrounding watershed. It comes from local streams and rivers, fed by rainfall or is pumped from underground aquifers. Some districts also recycle water, which is primarily used for landscape irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional research by Shara Tonn.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/14623/bay-area-do-you-know-where-your-water-comes-from\">A version of this article originally published in 2014\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1078,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 23
},
"modified": 1700588114,
"excerpt": "For most of us in the Bay Area, the journey our water takes to reach us is hidden from view. It travels long distances, sometimes more than a hundred miles! That can leave us disconnected from the source. We go about our days oblivious to how precarious our water resources might be.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "For most of us in the Bay Area, the journey our water takes to reach us is hidden from view. It travels long distances, sometimes more than a hundred miles! That can leave us disconnected from the source. We go about our days oblivious to how precarious our water resources might be.",
"title": "Bay Area: Do You Know Where Your Water Comes From? | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "Bay Area: Do You Know Where Your Water Comes From?",
"datePublished": "2021-08-27T03:00:52-07:00",
"dateModified": "2023-11-21T09:35:14-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "bay-area-do-you-know-where-your-water-comes-from-2",
"status": "publish",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"audioUrl": "https://dcs.megaphone.fm/KQINC1083924910.mp3?key=f1b5fe5c9c47704bcf2b0a37fa982e0e",
"nprByline": "Lauren Sommer, Ezra David Romero, Katrina Schwartz",
"source": "Bay Curious",
"path": "/news/11886536/bay-area-do-you-know-where-your-water-comes-from-2",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/playlist/2QoyW8Jt9q3Tq11l8ws3wc?si=3d913de8a11c45a8&nd=1\">Listen to all six episodes of our State of Drought series on Spotify. \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/39fV5VD\">Episode transcript\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area water system is a byzantine patchwork of agencies — more than 50 in all — that provides water to customers. Some are the ones you see on your water bill. Others are middlemen that provide water to local agencies at the wholesale level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some of that water makes a long journey. Southern California has the reputation for tapping far-flung sources for its water needs, but the Bay Area is in the same boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two-thirds of the Bay Area’s water supply comes from outside the region, which means in extreme drought years, local water districts are competing with many others around the state for limited supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we suffer under another dry period, some parts of the Bay Area are experiencing the drought more acutely because of where they get their water. We’re going to break it down for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Bay Area Water Districts By Major Source of Supply\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886556\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 817px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11886556\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-26-at-5.45.48-PM.png\" alt=\"Graphic showing where bay area water districts get their water.\" width=\"817\" height=\"791\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-26-at-5.45.48-PM.png 817w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-26-at-5.45.48-PM-800x775.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-26-at-5.45.48-PM-160x155.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 817px) 100vw, 817px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A breakdown of where different regions of the Bay Area get their water. \u003ccite>(Source: \u003ca href=\"https://wrpinfo.org/media/1283/abag-webinar-2015.pdf\">ABAG Infrastructure Vulnerability & Interdependencies Study (2014)\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Hetch Hetchy Water System\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The system originates more than 100 miles from its primary customers, in Yosemite National Park. O’Shaughnessy Dam was built on the Tuolumne River in 1923 to create Hetch Hetchy Reservoir. The water travels through a series of pipelines before it reaches the Bay Area and blends with five local reservoirs. The Tuolumne River joins the San Joaquin River and flows into the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco depends on Hetch Hetchy for its water. The city’s direct access to a large amount of stored water means that even when precipitation levels are lower than average, residents don’t start seeing mandatory water restrictions right away. The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission is also a water wholesaler, selling water to places on the peninsula like Burlingame, Palo Alto, Hillsborough and Redwood City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city has long resisted proposals to drain Hetch Hetchy. In 2012, advocates of restoring Hetch Hetchy Valley \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/century-old-battle-over-yosemites-second-valley-heats-up/\">put a measure on the San Francisco ballot\u003c/a> that would have required the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission to study draining the reservoir and shifting the water to other storage facilities. The measure was defeated. In 2018, then Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke met with proponents of restoration, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/No-real-worry-that-Hetch-Hetchy-will-be-drained-13105043.php\">the discussions didn’t lead anywhere\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14633\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/HetchHetchy-1024x368.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14633\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/HetchHetchy-1024x368.jpg\" alt=\"Click to enlarge map. (Credit: By Shannon1 [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0], via Wikimedia Commons)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"368\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to enlarge map. (Credit: By Shannon1 \u003ca href=\"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AHetchhetchyprojmap.jpg\">via Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>California’s two major rivers, the Sacramento and San Joaquin, fed by half a dozen others, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">come together in this inland delta \u003c/a>just east of San Francisco Bay. The Delta’s watershed makes up about 45 percent of the state in all. Two-thirds of Californians use Delta water, delivered mainly through two major canal systems, the State Water Project and the Central Valley Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1976534\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 826px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1976534\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DWR_USGS_bay_deltamap-826x1024-1.jpg\" alt=\"Map of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Bay Delta\" width=\"826\" height=\"1024\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sacramento-San Joaquin Bay Delta is a massive system of waterways that provides water to fish, wildlife and people throughout California.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When we have prolonged drought, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/31/state-water-project-deliveries-canceled-because-of-drought\">water deliveries\u003c/a> from both these projects diminish, except for some drinking water supplies. Napa, Santa Clara, and Contra Costa counties all get some water out of the Delta. The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta has seen \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/ca-delta/\">dramatic ecological decline\u003c/a> due to habitat loss, invasive species and highly altered water flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975989/san-jose-relies-on-water-from-the-sierra-nevada-climate-change-is-challenging-that-system\">San Jose, its largest city \u003c/a>— are in a particularly difficult water situation. In 2021, Santa Clara Valley Water, the water agency that serves San Jose, only received 5% of the water it contracts from the state, a quarter of what it sources from the feds, and has seen little local rainfall.\u003cbr>\nOn top of all that, the largest reservoir in Valley Water’s system is virtually empty at 3% full, after it was emptied so that the Anderson Dam near Morgan Hill could undergo seismic retrofitting. Valley Water is asking Santa Clara residents to cut water use by 15% to help stretch their water supplies in case we have another dry winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Russian River Water System\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1976536\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1976536\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS49926_030_MendocinoCounty_LakeMendocinoDrought_06112021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"New vegetation grows on what was once the lake bed of Lake Mendocino on June 11, 2021.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New vegetation grows on what was once the lake bed of Lake Mendocino on June 11, 2021.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The 110-mile Russian River begins north of the Bay Area in Mendocino County and flows south until it reaches the Pacific Ocean west of Santa Rosa. The water system consists of reservoirs at Lake Sonoma, Lake Mendocino, and water diverted from the Eel River into the Russian River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This region is unique in that no water comes from the Sierra Nevada snowmelt. The Russian River watershed sits isolated from the rest of the state, and in dry times, communities in the region are on their own. In normal years, Sonoma also sells water to Marin County, so in dry years both counties feel the pinch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin Water officials are concerned enough about their situation to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1976066/gripped-by-drought-marin-considers-desalination-water-pipeline-over-the-richmond-bridge\">considering two pricey options\u003c/a>. One is to lease a desalination plant for $37 million. That would provide a third of the county’s drinking water needs. The other option is to build a water pipeline over the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge to transport water purchased from an entity with access to Delta water. That pipeline would cost between $66 – $88 million. Marin built a similar pipeline back in the late 1970s when it was especially dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Mokelumne River Water System\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This river originates in the Central Sierra Nevada and flows west until it reaches the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and San Francisco Bay. The East Bay Municipal Utility District built Pardee Dam on the river near Stockton in 1929. Water is delivered to the Bay Area through the 85-mile Mokelumne Aqueduct, which diverts the river’s water before it reaches the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11886541\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 900px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11886541\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/EBMUD-water.jpg\" alt=\"Map of the EBMUD aqueducts from the Mokelumne River Watershed.\" width=\"900\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/EBMUD-water.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/EBMUD-water-800x347.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/EBMUD-water-160x69.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Map of the EBMUD aqueducts from the Mokelumne River Watershed. \u003ccite>(Courtesy EBMUD)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Lake Berryessa\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The 23 mile-long reservoir was created in Napa County in the 1950s, when the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation built Monticello Dam on Putah Creek. Lake Berryessa water feeds several big cities in Solano County.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Local Water Supplies\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many water districts use water from the surrounding watershed. It comes from local streams and rivers, fed by rainfall or is pumped from underground aquifers. Some districts also recycle water, which is primarily used for landscape irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional research by Shara Tonn.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/14623/bay-area-do-you-know-where-your-water-comes-from\">A version of this article originally published in 2014\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11886536/bay-area-do-you-know-where-your-water-comes-from-2",
"authors": [
"byline_news_11886536"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_33520",
"news_356"
],
"tags": [
"news_20447",
"news_19232",
"news_17601",
"news_28199",
"news_5892",
"news_464",
"news_6739"
],
"featImg": "news_11886547",
"label": "source_news_11886536"
},
"news_11886317": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11886317",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11886317",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1629972046000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1629972046,
"format": "standard",
"title": "How Should We Be Thinking About A Hotter, Drier Future? (Transcript)",
"headTitle": "How Should We Be Thinking About A Hotter, Drier Future? (Transcript) | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>California is in drought. Again. And the infrastructure used to sustain the state’s 40 million residents — and $50 billion agriculture industry — hasn’t kept up with changing climate patterns. The Bay Curious podcast will explore new ways of thinking about the future of water \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/playlist/2QoyW8Jt9q3Tq11l8ws3wc?si=3d913de8a11c45a8&nd=1\">in our state as part of a six part series: State of Drought.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC7646401792\" width=\"100%\" height=\"200\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Transcript\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] You’re listening to Bay Curious, I’m \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oallenprice?lang=en\">Olivia Allen Price\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of rain\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivia Allen-Price: Isn’t that nice? It’s been a while since I heard that sound. It’s the time of year where every part of me starts craving the rain. But this year, that feeling is especially strong because \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975782/drought-stricken-california-hasnt-mandated-statewide-water-restrictions-heres-why\">we are in a drought\u003c/a>. And if we don’t have a wet winter ahead of us, it could get really bad. Already wells are running dry, reservoirs are concerningly low, and some parts of the Bay Area are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975989/san-jose-relies-on-water-from-the-sierra-nevada-climate-change-is-challenging-that-system\">facing mandatory water restrictions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The graphics of Lake Mendocino and Lake Sonoma in this article by \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ezraromero?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@ezraromero\u003c/a> are scary. The lakes are 35% and 54% full respectively and people are feeling the pinch 😓\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/Z22eNqLrvZ\">https://t.co/Z22eNqLrvZ\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/m4CWCZXBqz\">pic.twitter.com/m4CWCZXBqz\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Katrina Schwartz (@Kschwart) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Kschwart/status/1413218874460315649?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 8, 2021\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] A few weeks ago, we asked you what you wanted to learn about drought in California, and we got dozens of smart and insightful questions. Now it’s time for some answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme song starts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next two weeks, we’ll be sharing five episodes in our series State of Drought. We’ll be focusing on why we’re at a turning point in water management, how different parts of the Bay Area are feeling this drought differently, and — what I’m most excited about — we’ll talk solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, anyone who is even a little familiar with water management in the state knows that it’s a big, complex issue that touches almost everything. So unfortunately, we’re not able to get into some really important parts of the picture, like the needs of wildlife and fish or the complicated system of water rights in the state. But check our show notes and, of course, website for more reading on those topics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ll be honest, I thought the series was going to be all doom and gloom, and there was a part of me that was really dreading it. But I’ve learned there’s a lot within our control if we’re smart and plan ahead. Hang on tight. We’re about to get started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme song ends\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:01:50] I’ve got a confession to make. I’ve lived in California for seven years and I only just saw the movie Chinatown. If you haven’t seen it, know this: It’s considered among the greatest movies of all time. And it’s probably \u003cem>the\u003c/em> movie that people think of when they think of California and water. The film is loosely based on true events, when Los Angeles bought up water rights in the rural Owens Valley and then stole its water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Chinatown clip:\u003c/strong> [00:02:29] You steal water from the valley, ruin the grazing, starve our livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:02:33] It may be Hollywood, but the water wars are very much alive. But here’s the thing, almost every expert that we spoke with for this series has said this kind of thinking, this us versus them mentality, it’s not helpful if we want to make sure that all 40 million Californians can keep living and working in California. We need a new approach. Producer \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/kschwart?lang=en\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a> is here to help us think through it. Hi, Katrina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:02:58] Hi, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:03:00] Didn’t we just get through a drought? Like, how are we here again?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:03:04] We did, and it didn’t officially end until 2017. But here we are again because we’re seeing more frequent, hot, dry periods. And that’s in part because of our changing climate. The problem is that a lot of the state’s water infrastructure, that’s like the dams, the aqueducts, the pipelines, they were all built with the belief that California would always get lots of snow in the mountains each winter. The system is built under the assumption that about 30 percent of our water will slowly melt each spring and fill up the reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:03:35] But it’s not happening like that anymore. As the climate changes, we’re seeing these dramatic swings between wet and dry. Take this last year, we saw a few big storms and not much else. [00:03:46][10.1]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:03:46] Yeah, and it was good skiing when it happened, but then there was nothing. So our infrastructure isn’t built to handle that. I spoke with Newsha Ajami about this. She’s the director of Urban Water Policy at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:03:57] Newsha, tell us a little bit about how California has traditionally thought about drought and help us to understand why we can’t really think about it that way anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:04:10] Droughts used to be these events that would occasionally happen. And we would always have long enough wet periods, or normal periods, in between that our groundwater basically could recover. Our ecosystem could recover. Generally speaking, we could recover from the stress that was put on us by the drought. Unfortunately, what we are seeing now is more frequent droughts and drier and hotter droughts, which means that there is very limited time for any part of our system to fully recover. It’s becoming something much more frequent and maybe our new normal, so we have to actually shift our mindset. We have to rethink the way we as individuals behave. We have to sort of embrace this as our new reality. And if we actually take this as a new normal, we will certainly don’t function and govern and manage our resources the way we are doing it right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:05:19] I know it’s tempting to look at another part of the state and say, look, they are the problem, but in reality, everything we’ve talked about from the changing weather patterns to the outdated infrastructure, all that impacts both cities and farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:05:34] If you think about it, in California, we have this is very, very impressive, sophisticated and complex water infrastructure network and water system that moves water from water rich areas to areas that don’t necessarily have a lot of water. And that infrastructure design has enabled population growth in regions that don’t naturally would be able to maintain the amount of population that they have, or be able to function as they do. So every part of the state sort of experiencing this from our Bay Area to all the way to Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:06:10] which also sort of means that we can’t afford to be divided on this anymore. I mean, I think you see a lot of conflict over water, and finger pointing about who wastes more water, who’s more responsible for being irresponsible with water. But it sort of seems like we’re all in the same boat here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:06:25] Yeah, we all in the same boat here. There are definitely groups that they can do better, cities that they can do better, agricultural practices that can be improved, industries that can do better. But there are always people out there that can do better. Agriculture does consume about 70 percent of our water. And the urban areas, around 20 percent. In between is some industries. The reality is in our cities that we live in, we use the products from agriculture. We change our diet patterns based on the agricultural products that we want. And also we actually have a lot of food waste, which also has a significant water footprint. We are part of this cycle no matter what we do, and we have to shift this paradigm together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:07:09] One quick note about consumption numbers here. Newsha is talking about the water humans use, but when we look at \u003cem>all\u003c/em> the water in the state, you’ll often hear a different breakdown. About half of all the water in the state goes back into the environment, 40 percent is used by agriculture and 10 percent is used in urban centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:07:27] What are like one or two big dramatic changes that agriculture could do to conserve water and play their part in the fact that we’re all in this together? [00:07:41][31.8]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:07:42] Agriculture can do a lot more to recharge groundwater, to actually preserve groundwater, to not use a lot of groundwater. Now that we’re moving to more permanent crops such as orchards and trees, those kind of crops, they require a lot of water and are permanent. So you can’t really not water them. So as far as we have a lot of those already, that’s I guess it’s the reality. But you should actually not grow more. Maybe we should not transition to a lot of these permanent crops. And also, there’s a lot of waste in this process as well. How can we reduce that waste, therefore sort of harness that water or reduce their water footprint, which is like extremely important because there’s a lot of products that actually are grown use water and soil and also the resources, but they never make it to the market and they’re actually go to waste. [00:08:34][52.6]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:08:35] OK, some good ideas for agriculture, but I know that there’s a lot that we who live in cities can do as well. So in the spirit of everyone kind of playing their part, how do you recommend that we approach the future?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:08:48] I would say no matter where we are looking, always conservation and efficiency comes first. It is the cheapest water that we can have. It’s the best water that we can have. And actually it reduces the amount of degradation we are causing to the environment or the quality of the water. Another one that is actually sort of the same level is protecting our water supplies. We have a lot of water supplies that are impacted by various industrial activities or the quality of the water has been degraded for various reasons. So as we’re thinking about solutions, one other thing, one other way to think about it is as we’re building future cities, future communities, new housing developments, do we really need to build it the same way we build it 50 years ago, 100 years ago? Or do we need to rethink the way we do things that can very much change the way we use water and we consume water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:09:41] As we’re thinking about these solutions for the future, building for the future, planning for the future, how do we keep equity at the center and make sure that we don’t leave behind the folks who maybe can’t buy their way out of this problem?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:09:53] That is actually a very, very important point that you brought up. A couple of things. One is, as I was listing my priorities on how to deal with future water needs, you noticed I started some conservation efficiency and then went down to like reuse, recycling. The reality is whatever we do ends up adding to the cost of infrastructure that we have now. The “haves” can do it, maybe. But within all those communities that major water utilities, there are also people who cannot afford to pay for the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:10:26] This is kind of a complicated point she’s making. The rate we pay for water isn’t just for the water itself. It’s also for the stuff we do to get the water here and to clean it up. The more we have to treat the water, the more expensive it is. Newsha is worried that water districts will invest in big, expensive projects like desalination plants based on the current demand numbers. But then down the road, as people figure out ways to gradually get off the grid, like by installing a greywater water system, only the poorest people will be paying for that very expensive water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:10:59] So if we end up investing in infrastructure that’s not needed, then some of these people will be left to pay for this legacy infrastructure or pay for infrastructure that we don’t need. So it’s very, very important as we are transitioning, we do this in a very strategic way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:11:25] You know, as we’re thinking about the future, are we doomed or can we get out of this if we do the right things?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nNewsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:11:31] Yeah, I mean, look, there’s a lot of inefficiencies in our current system that can be fixed. We definitely can do a lot more. And just to sort of make sure we use every drop of water properly. And if we do all the right things, we can survive. But if we don’t, we can actually have a serious breakdown in the system. So we have to be able to adapt to this new reality, which means that we have to rethink how we’re using the water in different ways and reduce waste. That’s the most important part of this process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:12:11] That was Newsha Ajami, the director of Urban Water Policy at Stanford. Tomorrow, we’ll be talking about where our water here in the Bay Area comes from specifically and why it matters. Bay Curious is made by Katrina Schwartz, Brendan Willard, Sebastian Miño-Buchelli, and me, Olivia Allen Price. We are a production of member-supported KQED in San Francisco. We’ll be back tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion] \u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 2517,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 41
},
"modified": 1700588124,
"excerpt": "California is in drought. Again. And the infrastructure used to sustain the state’s 40 million residents — and $50 billion agriculture industry — hasn’t kept up with new climate patterns. To adapt to this changing reality Californians need to pull together and make changes to how we manage our water.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "California is in drought. Again. And the infrastructure used to sustain the state’s 40 million residents — and $50 billion agriculture industry — hasn’t kept up with new climate patterns. To adapt to this changing reality Californians need to pull together and make changes to how we manage our water.",
"title": "How Should We Be Thinking About A Hotter, Drier Future? (Transcript) | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "How Should We Be Thinking About A Hotter, Drier Future? (Transcript)",
"datePublished": "2021-08-26T03:00:46-07:00",
"dateModified": "2023-11-21T09:35:24-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "how-should-we-be-thinking-about-a-hotter-drier-future-transcript",
"status": "publish",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7646401792.mp3?updated=1629933133",
"source": "Bay Curious",
"path": "/news/11886317/how-should-we-be-thinking-about-a-hotter-drier-future-transcript",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California is in drought. Again. And the infrastructure used to sustain the state’s 40 million residents — and $50 billion agriculture industry — hasn’t kept up with changing climate patterns. The Bay Curious podcast will explore new ways of thinking about the future of water \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/playlist/2QoyW8Jt9q3Tq11l8ws3wc?si=3d913de8a11c45a8&nd=1\">in our state as part of a six part series: State of Drought.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC7646401792\" width=\"100%\" height=\"200\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Transcript\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nOlivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:00:00] You’re listening to Bay Curious, I’m \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oallenprice?lang=en\">Olivia Allen Price\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of rain\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivia Allen-Price: Isn’t that nice? It’s been a while since I heard that sound. It’s the time of year where every part of me starts craving the rain. But this year, that feeling is especially strong because \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975782/drought-stricken-california-hasnt-mandated-statewide-water-restrictions-heres-why\">we are in a drought\u003c/a>. And if we don’t have a wet winter ahead of us, it could get really bad. Already wells are running dry, reservoirs are concerningly low, and some parts of the Bay Area are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1975989/san-jose-relies-on-water-from-the-sierra-nevada-climate-change-is-challenging-that-system\">facing mandatory water restrictions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The graphics of Lake Mendocino and Lake Sonoma in this article by \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ezraromero?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@ezraromero\u003c/a> are scary. The lakes are 35% and 54% full respectively and people are feeling the pinch 😓\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/Z22eNqLrvZ\">https://t.co/Z22eNqLrvZ\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/m4CWCZXBqz\">pic.twitter.com/m4CWCZXBqz\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Katrina Schwartz (@Kschwart) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Kschwart/status/1413218874460315649?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 8, 2021\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:00:38] A few weeks ago, we asked you what you wanted to learn about drought in California, and we got dozens of smart and insightful questions. Now it’s time for some answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme song starts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next two weeks, we’ll be sharing five episodes in our series State of Drought. We’ll be focusing on why we’re at a turning point in water management, how different parts of the Bay Area are feeling this drought differently, and — what I’m most excited about — we’ll talk solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, anyone who is even a little familiar with water management in the state knows that it’s a big, complex issue that touches almost everything. So unfortunately, we’re not able to get into some really important parts of the picture, like the needs of wildlife and fish or the complicated system of water rights in the state. But check our show notes and, of course, website for more reading on those topics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ll be honest, I thought the series was going to be all doom and gloom, and there was a part of me that was really dreading it. But I’ve learned there’s a lot within our control if we’re smart and plan ahead. Hang on tight. We’re about to get started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme song ends\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:01:50] I’ve got a confession to make. I’ve lived in California for seven years and I only just saw the movie Chinatown. If you haven’t seen it, know this: It’s considered among the greatest movies of all time. And it’s probably \u003cem>the\u003c/em> movie that people think of when they think of California and water. The film is loosely based on true events, when Los Angeles bought up water rights in the rural Owens Valley and then stole its water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Chinatown clip:\u003c/strong> [00:02:29] You steal water from the valley, ruin the grazing, starve our livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:02:33] It may be Hollywood, but the water wars are very much alive. But here’s the thing, almost every expert that we spoke with for this series has said this kind of thinking, this us versus them mentality, it’s not helpful if we want to make sure that all 40 million Californians can keep living and working in California. We need a new approach. Producer \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/kschwart?lang=en\">Katrina Schwartz\u003c/a> is here to help us think through it. Hi, Katrina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:02:58] Hi, Olivia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:03:00] Didn’t we just get through a drought? Like, how are we here again?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:03:04] We did, and it didn’t officially end until 2017. But here we are again because we’re seeing more frequent, hot, dry periods. And that’s in part because of our changing climate. The problem is that a lot of the state’s water infrastructure, that’s like the dams, the aqueducts, the pipelines, they were all built with the belief that California would always get lots of snow in the mountains each winter. The system is built under the assumption that about 30 percent of our water will slowly melt each spring and fill up the reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:03:35] But it’s not happening like that anymore. As the climate changes, we’re seeing these dramatic swings between wet and dry. Take this last year, we saw a few big storms and not much else. [00:03:46][10.1]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:03:46] Yeah, and it was good skiing when it happened, but then there was nothing. So our infrastructure isn’t built to handle that. I spoke with Newsha Ajami about this. She’s the director of Urban Water Policy at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:03:57] Newsha, tell us a little bit about how California has traditionally thought about drought and help us to understand why we can’t really think about it that way anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:04:10] Droughts used to be these events that would occasionally happen. And we would always have long enough wet periods, or normal periods, in between that our groundwater basically could recover. Our ecosystem could recover. Generally speaking, we could recover from the stress that was put on us by the drought. Unfortunately, what we are seeing now is more frequent droughts and drier and hotter droughts, which means that there is very limited time for any part of our system to fully recover. It’s becoming something much more frequent and maybe our new normal, so we have to actually shift our mindset. We have to rethink the way we as individuals behave. We have to sort of embrace this as our new reality. And if we actually take this as a new normal, we will certainly don’t function and govern and manage our resources the way we are doing it right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:05:19] I know it’s tempting to look at another part of the state and say, look, they are the problem, but in reality, everything we’ve talked about from the changing weather patterns to the outdated infrastructure, all that impacts both cities and farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:05:34] If you think about it, in California, we have this is very, very impressive, sophisticated and complex water infrastructure network and water system that moves water from water rich areas to areas that don’t necessarily have a lot of water. And that infrastructure design has enabled population growth in regions that don’t naturally would be able to maintain the amount of population that they have, or be able to function as they do. So every part of the state sort of experiencing this from our Bay Area to all the way to Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:06:10] which also sort of means that we can’t afford to be divided on this anymore. I mean, I think you see a lot of conflict over water, and finger pointing about who wastes more water, who’s more responsible for being irresponsible with water. But it sort of seems like we’re all in the same boat here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:06:25] Yeah, we all in the same boat here. There are definitely groups that they can do better, cities that they can do better, agricultural practices that can be improved, industries that can do better. But there are always people out there that can do better. Agriculture does consume about 70 percent of our water. And the urban areas, around 20 percent. In between is some industries. The reality is in our cities that we live in, we use the products from agriculture. We change our diet patterns based on the agricultural products that we want. And also we actually have a lot of food waste, which also has a significant water footprint. We are part of this cycle no matter what we do, and we have to shift this paradigm together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:07:09] One quick note about consumption numbers here. Newsha is talking about the water humans use, but when we look at \u003cem>all\u003c/em> the water in the state, you’ll often hear a different breakdown. About half of all the water in the state goes back into the environment, 40 percent is used by agriculture and 10 percent is used in urban centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:07:27] What are like one or two big dramatic changes that agriculture could do to conserve water and play their part in the fact that we’re all in this together? [00:07:41][31.8]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:07:42] Agriculture can do a lot more to recharge groundwater, to actually preserve groundwater, to not use a lot of groundwater. Now that we’re moving to more permanent crops such as orchards and trees, those kind of crops, they require a lot of water and are permanent. So you can’t really not water them. So as far as we have a lot of those already, that’s I guess it’s the reality. But you should actually not grow more. Maybe we should not transition to a lot of these permanent crops. And also, there’s a lot of waste in this process as well. How can we reduce that waste, therefore sort of harness that water or reduce their water footprint, which is like extremely important because there’s a lot of products that actually are grown use water and soil and also the resources, but they never make it to the market and they’re actually go to waste. [00:08:34][52.6]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:08:35] OK, some good ideas for agriculture, but I know that there’s a lot that we who live in cities can do as well. So in the spirit of everyone kind of playing their part, how do you recommend that we approach the future?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:08:48] I would say no matter where we are looking, always conservation and efficiency comes first. It is the cheapest water that we can have. It’s the best water that we can have. And actually it reduces the amount of degradation we are causing to the environment or the quality of the water. Another one that is actually sort of the same level is protecting our water supplies. We have a lot of water supplies that are impacted by various industrial activities or the quality of the water has been degraded for various reasons. So as we’re thinking about solutions, one other thing, one other way to think about it is as we’re building future cities, future communities, new housing developments, do we really need to build it the same way we build it 50 years ago, 100 years ago? Or do we need to rethink the way we do things that can very much change the way we use water and we consume water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:09:41] As we’re thinking about these solutions for the future, building for the future, planning for the future, how do we keep equity at the center and make sure that we don’t leave behind the folks who maybe can’t buy their way out of this problem?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:09:53] That is actually a very, very important point that you brought up. A couple of things. One is, as I was listing my priorities on how to deal with future water needs, you noticed I started some conservation efficiency and then went down to like reuse, recycling. The reality is whatever we do ends up adding to the cost of infrastructure that we have now. The “haves” can do it, maybe. But within all those communities that major water utilities, there are also people who cannot afford to pay for the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:10:26] This is kind of a complicated point she’s making. The rate we pay for water isn’t just for the water itself. It’s also for the stuff we do to get the water here and to clean it up. The more we have to treat the water, the more expensive it is. Newsha is worried that water districts will invest in big, expensive projects like desalination plants based on the current demand numbers. But then down the road, as people figure out ways to gradually get off the grid, like by installing a greywater water system, only the poorest people will be paying for that very expensive water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Newsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:10:59] So if we end up investing in infrastructure that’s not needed, then some of these people will be left to pay for this legacy infrastructure or pay for infrastructure that we don’t need. So it’s very, very important as we are transitioning, we do this in a very strategic way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> [00:11:25] You know, as we’re thinking about the future, are we doomed or can we get out of this if we do the right things?\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nNewsha Ajami:\u003c/strong> [00:11:31] Yeah, I mean, look, there’s a lot of inefficiencies in our current system that can be fixed. We definitely can do a lot more. And just to sort of make sure we use every drop of water properly. And if we do all the right things, we can survive. But if we don’t, we can actually have a serious breakdown in the system. So we have to be able to adapt to this new reality, which means that we have to rethink how we’re using the water in different ways and reduce waste. That’s the most important part of this process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> [00:12:11] That was Newsha Ajami, the director of Urban Water Policy at Stanford. Tomorrow, we’ll be talking about where our water here in the Bay Area comes from specifically and why it matters. Bay Curious is made by Katrina Schwartz, Brendan Willard, Sebastian Miño-Buchelli, and me, Olivia Allen Price. We are a production of member-supported KQED in San Francisco. We’ll be back tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11886317/how-should-we-be-thinking-about-a-hotter-drier-future-transcript",
"authors": [
"234"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_33520",
"news_356"
],
"tags": [
"news_19232",
"news_17601",
"news_28199",
"news_5892",
"news_29387",
"news_464",
"news_6739"
],
"featImg": "news_11886325",
"label": "source_news_11886317"
},
"news_11761468": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11761468",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11761468",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1629367211000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "dutch-crunch-a-bay-area-favorite-but-not-a-bay-area-original",
"title": "Dutch Crunch: A Bay Area Favorite, But Not a Bay Area Original",
"publishDate": 1629367211,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Dutch Crunch: A Bay Area Favorite, But Not a Bay Area Original | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story originally published on July 18, 2019. Dutch Crunch is still delighting sandwich lovers around the Bay Area.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]ay you’re standing at a sandwich counter and ordering lunch. What kind of bread do you choose? Maybe sourdough, or wheat if you’re trying to be “good,” or — if you’re in the Bay Area — you might go with Dutch Crunch. It’s a pretty common find at sandwich shops and deli counters in San Francisco or Oakland … but get about 10 miles outside the Bay and that option disappears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]“It’s a very pleasant combination of a crunchy exterior and a soft, slightly sweet white bread on the inside,” says Jonathan Hillis of Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his fiancee, Lauren Alexander, originally from Austin, Texas and Boston respectively, stepped into the golden light of knowledge when they became Bay Area transplants and discovered Dutch Crunch at sandwich shops like Ike’s and Mr. Pickles. The couple were delighted with the texture and flavor.[aside postID='news_11401794,news_11679195' label='More Bread?']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It holds up to cheese, avocado, any of the kind of soft things that you put on a sandwich,” says Lauren, “And it has a nice bite, but it’s not too crunchy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with the revelation of discovery comes more questions. Where did it come from and why had they never heard of it before? So they turned to Bay Curious: “Where does Dutch Crunch bread come from?” ask Jonathan and Lauren. “How does everyone know about San Francisco sourdough, but not about the Bay Area’s best bread?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What makes it so dang good?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Local bread comes from local bakers, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.semifreddis.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Semifreddi’s \u003c/a>is a Bay Area institution. At their world headquarters in Alameda they’re turning out loads of loaves daily, including about 6,000 Dutch Crunch rolls. They let us into their huge, airy bakery to see what makes this particular bread unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2403-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 1: Rice flour, sugar, water, yeast, oil and salt are mixed together to make the Dutch crunch paste. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 1: Rice flour, sugar, water, yeast, oil and salt are mixed together to make the Dutch crunch paste. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 2: Rice flour topping is scooped into a pastry bag for application. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 2: Rice flour topping is scooped into a pastry bag for application. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762002\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2423-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 3: The topping is applied to the raw dough. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 3: The topping is applied to the raw dough. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762001\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2432-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 4: Finished Dutch crunch rolls. Look at that crackle!\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 4: Finished Dutch crunch rolls. Look at that crackle! \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The signature crunchy, crackly topping of a Dutch Crunch roll is the result of a special paste that’s applied to rolled dough while it rises. The topping ingredients are rice flour, water, sugar, yeast, oil and salt. All of those things get mixed together and then sit for a few minutes to let the yeast develop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2019/07/15/dutchcrunchpastebig.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Layering on that special paste.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the dough is poured into a large machine that portions out roll-sized pieces and rolls them along a conveyor line to the waiting hands of a bakery employee. They get a final hand-shaping before pastry bags are used to apply the topping mixture to each roll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they’re fully risen, they’ll go into the oven and emerge like beautiful crackly phoenixes from the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is it Dutch?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It seems to be. The earliest mention of a bread with a crispy, rice flour topping comes from the Netherlands in the early part of the 20th century. Over there they call it Tiger Bread (in Dutch: Tijgerbrood), which is a nod to the sort of stripy topping pattern. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ah.nl/producten/product/wi234164/ah-tijgerbrood-bruin-heel-vers-ingevroren\">It can still be found\u003c/a> there under that name and in some other countries, including the United Kingdom, where it is \u003ca href=\"https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-GB/products/261326837\">widely available\u003c/a> in sliced loaf, roll and large loaf forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https://media.giphy.com/media/dZLfyy5E2cb9L24szZ/source.gif\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the grocery chain Sainsbury’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/business-16812545\">renamed their version\u003c/a> “giraffe bread” at the suggestion of a 3-year-old girl who astutely pointed out the much closer resemblance in pattern to the long-necked ungulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How did it get here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to trace Dutch Crunch’s emergence in the United States, but it was first mentioned in newspapers from Eugene, Oregon, in the 1930s. In 1941, we get the first clear reference to what makes the bread special — the topping — in some enticing ads. Eventually the bread makes it way to California and the Bay Area, but the recipe changes. Instead of the rice flour topping giving Dutch Crunch its crunch, local bakers use sesame seeds, possibly in an effort to differentiate the California recipe from the Oregon version. However, by the 1970s the rice topping recipe becomes the dominant form in the Bay Area, and it really takes off from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why can’t you find it other places?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not impossible to find it outside the Bay Area, but it’s very uncommon. Just ask your relatives from exotic locations as close as Southern California and as far away as Pennsylvania.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 375px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11762210\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">They’re really missing out in Pennsylvania.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s no explanation why the secret of Dutch Crunch’s deliciousness hasn’t gotten out and gone viral. Some similar forms of bread are commercially available around the country, and a small number of sandwich shops appear to offer it as an option in Portland, but it appears most frequently in sandwich shops in the Bay Area. Maybe it’s better that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Dutch Crunch is a common find at Bay Area sandwich shops, but get 10 miles outside of the Bay and that option disappears.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1721117273,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 19,
"wordCount": 916
},
"headData": {
"title": "Dutch Crunch: A Bay Area Favorite, But Not a Bay Area Original | KQED",
"description": "Dutch Crunch is a common find at Bay Area sandwich shops, but get 10 miles outside of the Bay and that option disappears.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "Dutch Crunch: A Bay Area Favorite, But Not a Bay Area Original",
"datePublished": "2021-08-19T03:00:11-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-07-16T01:07:53-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"source": "Bay Curious",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 454,
"path": "/news/11761468/dutch-crunch-a-bay-area-favorite-but-not-a-bay-area-original",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/new-bay-curious/2019/07/DutchCrunch.mp3",
"audioDuration": 454000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story originally published on July 18, 2019. Dutch Crunch is still delighting sandwich lovers around the Bay Area.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ay you’re standing at a sandwich counter and ordering lunch. What kind of bread do you choose? Maybe sourdough, or wheat if you’re trying to be “good,” or — if you’re in the Bay Area — you might go with Dutch Crunch. It’s a pretty common find at sandwich shops and deli counters in San Francisco or Oakland … but get about 10 miles outside the Bay and that option disappears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>“It’s a very pleasant combination of a crunchy exterior and a soft, slightly sweet white bread on the inside,” says Jonathan Hillis of Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his fiancee, Lauren Alexander, originally from Austin, Texas and Boston respectively, stepped into the golden light of knowledge when they became Bay Area transplants and discovered Dutch Crunch at sandwich shops like Ike’s and Mr. Pickles. The couple were delighted with the texture and flavor.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "news_11401794,news_11679195",
"label": "More Bread? "
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It holds up to cheese, avocado, any of the kind of soft things that you put on a sandwich,” says Lauren, “And it has a nice bite, but it’s not too crunchy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with the revelation of discovery comes more questions. Where did it come from and why had they never heard of it before? So they turned to Bay Curious: “Where does Dutch Crunch bread come from?” ask Jonathan and Lauren. “How does everyone know about San Francisco sourdough, but not about the Bay Area’s best bread?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What makes it so dang good?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Local bread comes from local bakers, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.semifreddis.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Semifreddi’s \u003c/a>is a Bay Area institution. At their world headquarters in Alameda they’re turning out loads of loaves daily, including about 6,000 Dutch Crunch rolls. They let us into their huge, airy bakery to see what makes this particular bread unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2403-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 1: Rice flour, sugar, water, yeast, oil and salt are mixed together to make the Dutch crunch paste. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 1: Rice flour, sugar, water, yeast, oil and salt are mixed together to make the Dutch crunch paste. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 2: Rice flour topping is scooped into a pastry bag for application. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_2417.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 2: Rice flour topping is scooped into a pastry bag for application. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762002\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2423-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 3: The topping is applied to the raw dough. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 3: The topping is applied to the raw dough. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11762001\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/IMG_2432-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Step 4: Finished Dutch crunch rolls. Look at that crackle!\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Step 4: Finished Dutch crunch rolls. Look at that crackle! \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The signature crunchy, crackly topping of a Dutch Crunch roll is the result of a special paste that’s applied to rolled dough while it rises. The topping ingredients are rice flour, water, sugar, yeast, oil and salt. All of those things get mixed together and then sit for a few minutes to let the yeast develop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2019/07/15/dutchcrunchpastebig.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Layering on that special paste.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the dough is poured into a large machine that portions out roll-sized pieces and rolls them along a conveyor line to the waiting hands of a bakery employee. They get a final hand-shaping before pastry bags are used to apply the topping mixture to each roll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they’re fully risen, they’ll go into the oven and emerge like beautiful crackly phoenixes from the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is it Dutch?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It seems to be. The earliest mention of a bread with a crispy, rice flour topping comes from the Netherlands in the early part of the 20th century. Over there they call it Tiger Bread (in Dutch: Tijgerbrood), which is a nod to the sort of stripy topping pattern. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ah.nl/producten/product/wi234164/ah-tijgerbrood-bruin-heel-vers-ingevroren\">It can still be found\u003c/a> there under that name and in some other countries, including the United Kingdom, where it is \u003ca href=\"https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-GB/products/261326837\">widely available\u003c/a> in sliced loaf, roll and large loaf forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https://media.giphy.com/media/dZLfyy5E2cb9L24szZ/source.gif\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the grocery chain Sainsbury’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/business-16812545\">renamed their version\u003c/a> “giraffe bread” at the suggestion of a 3-year-old girl who astutely pointed out the much closer resemblance in pattern to the long-necked ungulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How did it get here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to trace Dutch Crunch’s emergence in the United States, but it was first mentioned in newspapers from Eugene, Oregon, in the 1930s. In 1941, we get the first clear reference to what makes the bread special — the topping — in some enticing ads. Eventually the bread makes it way to California and the Bay Area, but the recipe changes. Instead of the rice flour topping giving Dutch Crunch its crunch, local bakers use sesame seeds, possibly in an effort to differentiate the California recipe from the Oregon version. However, by the 1970s the rice topping recipe becomes the dominant form in the Bay Area, and it really takes off from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why can’t you find it other places?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not impossible to find it outside the Bay Area, but it’s very uncommon. Just ask your relatives from exotic locations as close as Southern California and as far away as Pennsylvania.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11762210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 375px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11762210\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054.jpg 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/IMG_3054-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">They’re really missing out in Pennsylvania.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s no explanation why the secret of Dutch Crunch’s deliciousness hasn’t gotten out and gone viral. Some similar forms of bread are commercially available around the country, and a small number of sandwich shops appear to offer it as an option in Portland, but it appears most frequently in sandwich shops in the Bay Area. Maybe it’s better that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11761468/dutch-crunch-a-bay-area-favorite-but-not-a-bay-area-original",
"authors": [
"8637"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_223",
"news_24114",
"news_8",
"news_33520"
],
"tags": [
"news_24312",
"news_18426",
"news_24374",
"news_333"
],
"featImg": "news_11761535",
"label": "source_news_11761468"
},
"news_11884520": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11884520",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11884520",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1628762428000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1628762428,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Your Guide to the Gavin Newsom Recall Election",
"headTitle": "Your Guide to the Gavin Newsom Recall Election | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Just when Californians thought they were done with elections for a while, a new one pops on the scene. If you haven’t been paying attention, there’s an election to recall Governor Gavin Newsom coming up. Here’s a primer with nitty-gritty voting details, some context for the campaign, and what you’ll find on your ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>When Is the Recall Election?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Sept. 14, 2021. Local election officials will begin sending out vote-by-mail ballots by Aug. 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Do I Vote?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>You can vote by mail or in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For voting by mail: If you’re registered to vote, you will receive a mail-in ballot at the \u003ca href=\"https://voterstatus.sos.ca.gov/\">address you have registered\u003c/a> with the state. Be sure to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840343/how-to-make-sure-your-mail-in-ballot-isnt-rejected-in-california\">sign and date your election envelope\u003c/a> before sending it back. Drop your completed ballot off at any U.S. Postal Service mailbox, or at the post office. There will also be ballot drop-off locations available in your county. Check with your county’s election office for details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For in-person voting: Some counties have in-person voting sites that will open Sept. 4. Many also offer curbside ballot drop-off. Again, check with your county’s election office for details.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Are Recalls Common in California?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Recall attempts are very common, but it’s rare for a petition to collect enough signatures to go to a ballot. According to the secretary of state: “Since 1913, there have been 179 recall attempts of state elected officials in California. Eleven recall efforts collected enough signatures to qualify for the ballot and of those, the elected official was recalled in six instances.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s worth noting the number of signatures needed to recall a governor in California is among the lowest in the nation. Only Montana and Virginia require a smaller percentage of signatures. Still, California is a large state, and running a recall campaign across many large media markets is an expensive proposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Did This Recall Attempt Make It to the Ballot?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There have been five other signature-gathering attempts to recall Governor Gavin Newsom since he took office in 2019. Those efforts failed to collect the 1,495,709 signatures needed (that’s 12% of the number of people who voted in the last gubernatorial election) within 160 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This petition was led by Orrin Heatlie, a retired Yolo county sheriff’s sergeant. Initially, it looked like it would also fail to collect enough signatures, but in November, a Sacramento judge gave recall proponents four additional months to gather signatures. The judge said arguments that the pandemic had inhibited proponents’ ability to gather signatures were “persuasive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11883827\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11883827\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paul Von Lutzow signs a petition in a recall effort against California Governor Gavin Newsom near Pasadena City Hall in Pasadena, California, on Feb. 28, 2021. (Photo by David McNew/AFP via Getty Images) \u003ccite>(David McNew/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The extension really coincided with COVID-19, the pandemic, really hitting its worst stage in California,” says Guy Marzorati, reporter and producer with KQED’s California politics and government desk. “And Newsom started to make some self-inflicted errors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the same day recall organizers were given the signature-gathering extension, Newsom visited the French Laundry, an expensive Napa Valley restaurant. Photos were taken of the governor mingling, unmasked, with a large group of friends — at a time when he was urging Californians to stay home and wear masks to avoid spreading the virus. It was a scandal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the secretary of state, recall organizers ultimately turned in 2,161,349 signatures. Following verification and withdrawals, 1,719,900 valid signatures remained — more than enough to get the recall on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Why Is the Election in September?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many expected the election to be held in November or early December, a time of year when elections are often held. But Democratic lawmakers changed election laws so they could speed up the timeline for the recall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By holding the election in September, Democrats hope to take advantage of the governor’s rising approval rating. Republicans have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/1012338448/california-sets-sept-14-as-the-date-for-the-recall-election-targeting-gov-newsom\">cried foul\u003c/a>, but the Sept. 14 election date has stuck.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Will Voters See on the Ballot?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are two things to vote on:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>“Shall GAVIN NEWSOM be recalled (removed) from the office of Governor?” Yes or no.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Then, there’s a list of 46 candidates who could succeed Newsom if he is recalled. Voters can choose one.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Voters who vote against the recall can still choose a successor candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Who Is Running Against Newsom?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Republicans dominate the \u003ca href=\"https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/statewide-elections/2021-recall/certified-list.pdf\">field of 46 candidates\u003c/a>, which has no establishment Democrats — a win for the Newsom camp. They didn’t want a well known Democrat to run as a replacement candidate, thinking it would give credence to a recall they’re trying to frame as a Republican power grab. However it leaves Democrats with no recognizable backup candidate if Newsom is recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finance YouTuber Kevin Paffrath is trying to fill that void, positioning himself as the Democratic alternative to Newsom. Notably, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880918/judge-denies-newsoms-request-to-identify-himself-as-a-democratic-on-recall-ballot\">Newsom won’t be listed as a Democrat\u003c/a> on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see [the Republicans] broken down into two buckets,” says Marzorati. “Traditional politicians, and then entertainers, celebrity types.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the traditional politicians are: former San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer, who was long discussed as a potential opponent for Newsom; former gubernatorial candidate John Cox, who lost to Newsom in 2018; state Assemblymember Kevin Kiley of Rocklin; and former U.S. Rep. Doug Ose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bigger names in the entertainment set are: Larry Elder, conservative talk radio show host; and Caitlyn Jenner, reality TV star and former Olympian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will be interesting to see who Californians voting on these replacement candidates go for: the traditional politicians, or as we saw in 2003 [when Arnold Schwarzenegger beat Gray Davis], someone who is coming from outside the world of politics,” says Marzorati.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Aug. 4, Kevin Faulconer, John Cox, Kevin Kiley and Doug Ose faced off in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QwEMO-K22uQ\">televised debate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Do the Polls Say?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While polls a few months ago showed the recall was unlikely to be successful, Newsom now has reason to worry. Two new polls, one from the \u003ca href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27x9k5qt\">UC Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies\u003c/a> and the other from \u003ca href=\"https://emersonpolling.reportablenews.com/pr/california-voters-split-on-recalling-governor-newsom\">Emerson College\u003c/a>, show it’s a close race among likely voters, with Republicans showing more interest in voting than Democrats or those with No Party Preference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the replacement candidates, the polls show Larry Elder, John Cox and Kevin Faulconer leading in the race to replace Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1119,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 27
},
"modified": 1700588144,
"excerpt": "On Sept. 14, Californians will vote on whether or not to recall Gov. Gavin Newsom, and whom should replace him if he is recalled.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "On Sept. 14, Californians will vote on whether or not to recall Gov. Gavin Newsom, and whom should replace him if he is recalled.",
"title": "Your Guide to the Gavin Newsom Recall Election | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "Your Guide to the Gavin Newsom Recall Election",
"datePublished": "2021-08-12T03:00:28-07:00",
"dateModified": "2023-11-21T09:35:44-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "your-guide-to-the-gavin-newsom-recall-election",
"status": "publish",
"sourceUrl": "/food/",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC8242822501.mp3?updated=1628721831",
"source": "Food",
"path": "/news/11884520/your-guide-to-the-gavin-newsom-recall-election",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Just when Californians thought they were done with elections for a while, a new one pops on the scene. If you haven’t been paying attention, there’s an election to recall Governor Gavin Newsom coming up. Here’s a primer with nitty-gritty voting details, some context for the campaign, and what you’ll find on your ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>When Is the Recall Election?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Sept. 14, 2021. Local election officials will begin sending out vote-by-mail ballots by Aug. 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Do I Vote?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>You can vote by mail or in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For voting by mail: If you’re registered to vote, you will receive a mail-in ballot at the \u003ca href=\"https://voterstatus.sos.ca.gov/\">address you have registered\u003c/a> with the state. Be sure to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840343/how-to-make-sure-your-mail-in-ballot-isnt-rejected-in-california\">sign and date your election envelope\u003c/a> before sending it back. Drop your completed ballot off at any U.S. Postal Service mailbox, or at the post office. There will also be ballot drop-off locations available in your county. Check with your county’s election office for details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For in-person voting: Some counties have in-person voting sites that will open Sept. 4. Many also offer curbside ballot drop-off. Again, check with your county’s election office for details.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Are Recalls Common in California?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Recall attempts are very common, but it’s rare for a petition to collect enough signatures to go to a ballot. According to the secretary of state: “Since 1913, there have been 179 recall attempts of state elected officials in California. Eleven recall efforts collected enough signatures to qualify for the ballot and of those, the elected official was recalled in six instances.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s worth noting the number of signatures needed to recall a governor in California is among the lowest in the nation. Only Montana and Virginia require a smaller percentage of signatures. Still, California is a large state, and running a recall campaign across many large media markets is an expensive proposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Did This Recall Attempt Make It to the Ballot?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There have been five other signature-gathering attempts to recall Governor Gavin Newsom since he took office in 2019. Those efforts failed to collect the 1,495,709 signatures needed (that’s 12% of the number of people who voted in the last gubernatorial election) within 160 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This petition was led by Orrin Heatlie, a retired Yolo county sheriff’s sergeant. Initially, it looked like it would also fail to collect enough signatures, but in November, a Sacramento judge gave recall proponents four additional months to gather signatures. The judge said arguments that the pandemic had inhibited proponents’ ability to gather signatures were “persuasive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11883827\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11883827\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50551_GettyImages-1231446905-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paul Von Lutzow signs a petition in a recall effort against California Governor Gavin Newsom near Pasadena City Hall in Pasadena, California, on Feb. 28, 2021. (Photo by David McNew/AFP via Getty Images) \u003ccite>(David McNew/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The extension really coincided with COVID-19, the pandemic, really hitting its worst stage in California,” says Guy Marzorati, reporter and producer with KQED’s California politics and government desk. “And Newsom started to make some self-inflicted errors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the same day recall organizers were given the signature-gathering extension, Newsom visited the French Laundry, an expensive Napa Valley restaurant. Photos were taken of the governor mingling, unmasked, with a large group of friends — at a time when he was urging Californians to stay home and wear masks to avoid spreading the virus. It was a scandal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the secretary of state, recall organizers ultimately turned in 2,161,349 signatures. Following verification and withdrawals, 1,719,900 valid signatures remained — more than enough to get the recall on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Why Is the Election in September?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many expected the election to be held in November or early December, a time of year when elections are often held. But Democratic lawmakers changed election laws so they could speed up the timeline for the recall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By holding the election in September, Democrats hope to take advantage of the governor’s rising approval rating. Republicans have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/1012338448/california-sets-sept-14-as-the-date-for-the-recall-election-targeting-gov-newsom\">cried foul\u003c/a>, but the Sept. 14 election date has stuck.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Will Voters See on the Ballot?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are two things to vote on:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>“Shall GAVIN NEWSOM be recalled (removed) from the office of Governor?” Yes or no.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Then, there’s a list of 46 candidates who could succeed Newsom if he is recalled. Voters can choose one.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Voters who vote against the recall can still choose a successor candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Who Is Running Against Newsom?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Republicans dominate the \u003ca href=\"https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/statewide-elections/2021-recall/certified-list.pdf\">field of 46 candidates\u003c/a>, which has no establishment Democrats — a win for the Newsom camp. They didn’t want a well known Democrat to run as a replacement candidate, thinking it would give credence to a recall they’re trying to frame as a Republican power grab. However it leaves Democrats with no recognizable backup candidate if Newsom is recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finance YouTuber Kevin Paffrath is trying to fill that void, positioning himself as the Democratic alternative to Newsom. Notably, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880918/judge-denies-newsoms-request-to-identify-himself-as-a-democratic-on-recall-ballot\">Newsom won’t be listed as a Democrat\u003c/a> on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see [the Republicans] broken down into two buckets,” says Marzorati. “Traditional politicians, and then entertainers, celebrity types.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the traditional politicians are: former San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer, who was long discussed as a potential opponent for Newsom; former gubernatorial candidate John Cox, who lost to Newsom in 2018; state Assemblymember Kevin Kiley of Rocklin; and former U.S. Rep. Doug Ose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bigger names in the entertainment set are: Larry Elder, conservative talk radio show host; and Caitlyn Jenner, reality TV star and former Olympian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will be interesting to see who Californians voting on these replacement candidates go for: the traditional politicians, or as we saw in 2003 [when Arnold Schwarzenegger beat Gray Davis], someone who is coming from outside the world of politics,” says Marzorati.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Aug. 4, Kevin Faulconer, John Cox, Kevin Kiley and Doug Ose faced off in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QwEMO-K22uQ\">televised debate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Do the Polls Say?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While polls a few months ago showed the recall was unlikely to be successful, Newsom now has reason to worry. Two new polls, one from the \u003ca href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27x9k5qt\">UC Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies\u003c/a> and the other from \u003ca href=\"https://emersonpolling.reportablenews.com/pr/california-voters-split-on-recalling-governor-newsom\">Emerson College\u003c/a>, show it’s a close race among likely voters, with Republicans showing more interest in voting than Democrats or those with No Party Preference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the replacement candidates, the polls show Larry Elder, John Cox and Kevin Faulconer leading in the race to replace Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11884520/your-guide-to-the-gavin-newsom-recall-election",
"authors": [
"102"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_8",
"news_33520",
"news_13"
],
"tags": [
"news_18538",
"news_29465",
"news_27626",
"news_16",
"news_28988",
"news_17968",
"news_29647",
"news_2027"
],
"featImg": "news_11884525",
"label": "source_news_11884520"
},
"news_11883780": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11883780",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11883780",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1628244028000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1628244028,
"format": "standard",
"title": "How Growing Up in Daly City Influenced Filmmaker Patricio Ginelsa",
"headTitle": "How Growing Up in Daly City Influenced Filmmaker Patricio Ginelsa | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>I met up with \u003ca href=\"http://www.patricioginelsa.com/\">Patricio Ginelsa\u003c/a> at his alma mater, Jefferson High School in Daly City. There’s a flagpole out front, a big box of a gymnasium, and a central courtyard where Ginelsa said “the cool kids” hung out. From the outside, it looks like a lot of Bay Area high schools. But for Ginelsa, it’s more than that. It’s where he fell in love with filmmaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa pointed to a ground-level outdoor walkway at the front of the school: “We definitely shot around this area here.” Ginelsa is best known for his feature-length film “Lumpia,” first filmed in 1996 when he was home for summer break from the University of Southern California’s film school and completed in 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where we first meet the protagonist, when he trips,” he said. “It does bring back memories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The film’s fictional Fogtown is Ginelsa’s hometown of Daly City, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11883382/in-daly-city-the-bayanihan-spirit-is-alive-and-well\">about 30% of the population is Filipino\u003c/a>, like he is. “Lumpia,” a fun action-comedy, deals with discrimination against newer immigrants within the Filipino community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a nerd at heart and I just felt it would be so much cooler and wackier to have a Filipino American as the central hero in this comic book world,” Ginelsa said. “And also some of the things I tackle are very serious in tone and I wanted to kind of make it more lighthearted and fun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11883795\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 900px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11883795\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LUMPIA_MoviePoster-sm-1.jpg\" alt=\"A life-long comic book fan, Patricio Ginelsa featured a Filipino American hero in his first movie, making the weapon of choice the Filipino food staple lumpia.\" width=\"900\" height=\"1184\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LUMPIA_MoviePoster-sm-1.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LUMPIA_MoviePoster-sm-1-800x1052.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LUMPIA_MoviePoster-sm-1-160x210.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A life-long comic book fan, Patricio Ginelsa featured a Filipino American hero in his first movie, making the weapon of choice the Filipino food staple lumpia. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Kid Heroes Productions)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa said that, growing up in Daly City, he didn’t realize how special it was to be surrounded by such a large and vibrant Filipino community. All the student body officers he remembers were Filipino, and “the most popular person in high school was never the football jock — it was the Filipino deejay that would get you into the dance parties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was only after Ginelsa left for film school that he understood what he’d taken for granted. At USC, he joined some Filipino student groups, something he’d never felt the need to do before, to try to build a similar community.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ginelsa’s Filmmaking Goes Way Back\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa grew up near Hillside Park surrounded by other families with kids. He says that, more than any other place in his life, that park represents community. He and his friends would play baseball, then run to one of their houses for a snack. One summer, Ginelsa coordinated his friends to make a superhero movie they called “Kid Heroes.” Moviemaking soon became a summer tradition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And these superhero movies we would do during the summer started becoming popular,” Ginelsa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11883799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11883799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS.jpg\" alt=\"The cast and crew shot scenes at Ginelsa's alma mater, Jefferson High School in Daly City, for both the first "Lumpia" movie and "Lumpia With a Vengeance."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cast and crew shot scenes at Ginelsa’s alma mater, Jefferson High School in Daly City, for both the first “Lumpia” movie and “Lumpia With a Vengeance.” \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.jdbcreativity.com/\">Jamison Boyer\u003c/a>/Courtesy Kid Heroes Productions)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’d premier the movie on VHS at his house at the end of the summer and then pass it around to friends once school started in the fall. Each kid who watched had to sign a “slam book” where they wrote their favorite scenes and gave feedback on how Ginelsa and his friends could improve. By the end of the school year, everyone wanted to be in the next film.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, when Ginelsa came home from USC, he and his friends decided to create a reunion summer movie — footage that was eventually added to the final cut of “Lumpia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It started out with a bunch of Filipino kids in the neighborhood just making movies together. And now we’re playing on a playground that’s just a little bit bigger,” Ginelsa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Fighting for Representation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa said that when he first showed up at USC, he felt pressure to make things that were more mainstream. It was hard to push back against critiques that no one would want to watch movies about Filipino characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t find my voice until I got involved with the movie called ‘The Debut’,” he said. Ginelsa interned on the independent feature-length film starring Dante Basco (of “Hook” fame), the first Filipino American film to be released theatrically nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working on that film, touring with it, meeting pockets of Filipino Americans around the country and selling the film to business people: “That was my real film school,” Ginelsa said. “Seeing what it takes to make a Filipino American film and getting it out there. And that gave me the confidence to put out this homemade movie I shot [“Lumpia”] and to finish it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Energized by what he’d learned on tour with “The Debut,” Ginelsa rewrote the third act of “Lumpia” and reconvened his friends and neighbors to shoot the end seven years after capturing the original scenes at Jefferson High.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Infusing Filipino Heritage Into Other Projects\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Lumpia” became a cult classic, and Ginelsa went on to work on some other big projects, including directing two music videos for the Black Eyed Peas, including “Bebot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sV_Jh51XyBo\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I set it in Stockton, California,” he said of “Bebot.” “There’s a whole history of this where, you know, back in the ’30s, that’s where asparagus farmers came in. I felt like even though it’s a commercial to sell music for the Black Eyed Peas, at least I feel like I did some part to shine a light on that history that you don’t normally read in history books.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, to honor the 10-year anniversary of “Lumpia,” Ginelsa started crowdfunding to make a sequel — what would eventually become “Lumpia With a Vengeance.” He raised $50,000 to make the movie and started shooting it in 2017. Now, he’s touring the country screening it at film festivals and seeking a distributor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjiRMHszDJk\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On His Daly City Roots\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa has come a long way from the “Kid Heroes” summer movie project, but Daly City has left an indelible stamp on his identity and his art. He lives in Los Angeles now, but when he returns to Daly City to visit family, he revels in the fog and makes sure to visit his old stomping grounds — Hillside Park, Jefferson High, and, of course, the Serramonte mall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up here, I just felt like it boosted my pride in terms of being Fil-Am,” Ginelsa said. “As a filmmaker, it became almost like a responsibility to use my platform to tell my stories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1201,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 25
},
"modified": 1700588155,
"excerpt": "Patricio Ginelsa draws inspiration for his movies from his experiences growing up in Daly City's large Filipino community.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Patricio Ginelsa draws inspiration for his movies from his experiences growing up in Daly City's large Filipino community.",
"title": "How Growing Up in Daly City Influenced Filmmaker Patricio Ginelsa | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "How Growing Up in Daly City Influenced Filmmaker Patricio Ginelsa",
"datePublished": "2021-08-06T03:00:28-07:00",
"dateModified": "2023-11-21T09:35:55-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "how-growing-up-in-daly-city-influenced-filmmaker-patricio-ginelsa",
"status": "publish",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC1406853302.mp3?updated=1627082759",
"source": "Bay Curious",
"path": "/news/11883780/how-growing-up-in-daly-city-influenced-filmmaker-patricio-ginelsa",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>I met up with \u003ca href=\"http://www.patricioginelsa.com/\">Patricio Ginelsa\u003c/a> at his alma mater, Jefferson High School in Daly City. There’s a flagpole out front, a big box of a gymnasium, and a central courtyard where Ginelsa said “the cool kids” hung out. From the outside, it looks like a lot of Bay Area high schools. But for Ginelsa, it’s more than that. It’s where he fell in love with filmmaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa pointed to a ground-level outdoor walkway at the front of the school: “We definitely shot around this area here.” Ginelsa is best known for his feature-length film “Lumpia,” first filmed in 1996 when he was home for summer break from the University of Southern California’s film school and completed in 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where we first meet the protagonist, when he trips,” he said. “It does bring back memories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The film’s fictional Fogtown is Ginelsa’s hometown of Daly City, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11883382/in-daly-city-the-bayanihan-spirit-is-alive-and-well\">about 30% of the population is Filipino\u003c/a>, like he is. “Lumpia,” a fun action-comedy, deals with discrimination against newer immigrants within the Filipino community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a nerd at heart and I just felt it would be so much cooler and wackier to have a Filipino American as the central hero in this comic book world,” Ginelsa said. “And also some of the things I tackle are very serious in tone and I wanted to kind of make it more lighthearted and fun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11883795\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 900px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11883795\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LUMPIA_MoviePoster-sm-1.jpg\" alt=\"A life-long comic book fan, Patricio Ginelsa featured a Filipino American hero in his first movie, making the weapon of choice the Filipino food staple lumpia.\" width=\"900\" height=\"1184\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LUMPIA_MoviePoster-sm-1.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LUMPIA_MoviePoster-sm-1-800x1052.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LUMPIA_MoviePoster-sm-1-160x210.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A life-long comic book fan, Patricio Ginelsa featured a Filipino American hero in his first movie, making the weapon of choice the Filipino food staple lumpia. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Kid Heroes Productions)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa said that, growing up in Daly City, he didn’t realize how special it was to be surrounded by such a large and vibrant Filipino community. All the student body officers he remembers were Filipino, and “the most popular person in high school was never the football jock — it was the Filipino deejay that would get you into the dance parties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was only after Ginelsa left for film school that he understood what he’d taken for granted. At USC, he joined some Filipino student groups, something he’d never felt the need to do before, to try to build a similar community.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ginelsa’s Filmmaking Goes Way Back\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa grew up near Hillside Park surrounded by other families with kids. He says that, more than any other place in his life, that park represents community. He and his friends would play baseball, then run to one of their houses for a snack. One summer, Ginelsa coordinated his friends to make a superhero movie they called “Kid Heroes.” Moviemaking soon became a summer tradition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And these superhero movies we would do during the summer started becoming popular,” Ginelsa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11883799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11883799\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS.jpg\" alt=\"The cast and crew shot scenes at Ginelsa's alma mater, Jefferson High School in Daly City, for both the first "Lumpia" movie and "Lumpia With a Vengeance."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/LumpiaVengeance_JeffersonHS-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cast and crew shot scenes at Ginelsa’s alma mater, Jefferson High School in Daly City, for both the first “Lumpia” movie and “Lumpia With a Vengeance.” \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.jdbcreativity.com/\">Jamison Boyer\u003c/a>/Courtesy Kid Heroes Productions)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’d premier the movie on VHS at his house at the end of the summer and then pass it around to friends once school started in the fall. Each kid who watched had to sign a “slam book” where they wrote their favorite scenes and gave feedback on how Ginelsa and his friends could improve. By the end of the school year, everyone wanted to be in the next film.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, when Ginelsa came home from USC, he and his friends decided to create a reunion summer movie — footage that was eventually added to the final cut of “Lumpia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It started out with a bunch of Filipino kids in the neighborhood just making movies together. And now we’re playing on a playground that’s just a little bit bigger,” Ginelsa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Fighting for Representation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa said that when he first showed up at USC, he felt pressure to make things that were more mainstream. It was hard to push back against critiques that no one would want to watch movies about Filipino characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t find my voice until I got involved with the movie called ‘The Debut’,” he said. Ginelsa interned on the independent feature-length film starring Dante Basco (of “Hook” fame), the first Filipino American film to be released theatrically nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working on that film, touring with it, meeting pockets of Filipino Americans around the country and selling the film to business people: “That was my real film school,” Ginelsa said. “Seeing what it takes to make a Filipino American film and getting it out there. And that gave me the confidence to put out this homemade movie I shot [“Lumpia”] and to finish it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Energized by what he’d learned on tour with “The Debut,” Ginelsa rewrote the third act of “Lumpia” and reconvened his friends and neighbors to shoot the end seven years after capturing the original scenes at Jefferson High.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Infusing Filipino Heritage Into Other Projects\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Lumpia” became a cult classic, and Ginelsa went on to work on some other big projects, including directing two music videos for the Black Eyed Peas, including “Bebot.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/sV_Jh51XyBo'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/sV_Jh51XyBo'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“I set it in Stockton, California,” he said of “Bebot.” “There’s a whole history of this where, you know, back in the ’30s, that’s where asparagus farmers came in. I felt like even though it’s a commercial to sell music for the Black Eyed Peas, at least I feel like I did some part to shine a light on that history that you don’t normally read in history books.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, to honor the 10-year anniversary of “Lumpia,” Ginelsa started crowdfunding to make a sequel — what would eventually become “Lumpia With a Vengeance.” He raised $50,000 to make the movie and started shooting it in 2017. Now, he’s touring the country screening it at film festivals and seeking a distributor.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/IjiRMHszDJk'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/IjiRMHszDJk'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>On His Daly City Roots\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ginelsa has come a long way from the “Kid Heroes” summer movie project, but Daly City has left an indelible stamp on his identity and his art. He lives in Los Angeles now, but when he returns to Daly City to visit family, he revels in the fog and makes sure to visit his old stomping grounds — Hillside Park, Jefferson High, and, of course, the Serramonte mall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up here, I just felt like it boosted my pride in terms of being Fil-Am,” Ginelsa said. “As a filmmaker, it became almost like a responsibility to use my platform to tell my stories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11883780/how-growing-up-in-daly-city-influenced-filmmaker-patricio-ginelsa",
"authors": [
"234"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_223",
"news_8",
"news_33520"
],
"tags": [
"news_2567",
"news_5056",
"news_701"
],
"featImg": "news_11883786",
"label": "source_news_11883780"
},
"news_11882379": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11882379",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11882379",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1627552812000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1627552812,
"format": "image",
"title": "How Daly City Became One of the Most Densely Populated Cities in the Country",
"headTitle": "How Daly City Became One of the Most Densely Populated Cities in the Country | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>In Daly City, looking down a block of manicured lawns and “cookie cutter houses,” it’s easy to feel like you’re in the heart of suburbia. That’s why listener Nick Crescenzi was surprised when a few years ago he read that Daly City is one of the densest cities in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick, who works for the city’s parks and recreation department, wanted to know how this suburb, with its malls, cineplex and drive-through restaurants came to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2015/demo/p25-1142.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rank alongside places like Boston, Chicago and, yes, San Francisco\u003c/a>, in terms of the number of residents per square mile. According to a 2015 analysis of U.S. cities with populations over 100,000 people, Daly City is the 6th most densely populated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer leads to a history unknown to many who haven’t lived it, or to those who mistakenly choose to brush Daly City off like a B-side of a chart-topping single. And perhaps most importantly, the history shines light on some of America’s cruelest policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Smaller Lots but Lots of Them\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Daly City came to be densely populated for four main reasons, says Tatum Mothershead, director of economic and community development for Daly City: A relatively high percentage of land in Daly City is used for housing; on average, families in Daly City have more people in them than families in other places; the average lot size in Daly City is small; and lastly, the architecture of the homes that were built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of land used in Daly City for residential purposes is apparent to anyone who has driven through the city. If you’re driving on the freeway or staring out a BART window, hill after hill reveals itself, each one dotted with lines of houses, like cars on an endless train. Those rows of houses are said to have inspired Malvina Reynolds’ anti-conformity song, “Little Boxes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average lot size for a house in Daly City is well below that in the rest of San Mateo County. If you drive down Mission Street, through the neighborhood that long-time residents call “Top of the Hill” and take a left on any of the side streets, many of the houses you’ll see are either connected or within an arm’s length of one another. Most of those residences were built before World War II, and on lots around 2,500 square feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when Daly City expanded in the the post-World War II housing boom, Daly City’s parcel size stayed small, in large part because of the success of a housing developer named Henry Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For decades, a homeowners association enforced limits on the type of exterior changes that could be made to houses in Westlake, including what kind of trees could be planted. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The Henry Ford of Housing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Daly City owes \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/DUiay1VPHUw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">its founding to John Daly\u003c/a>, it owes its expansion to Henry Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Henry Doelger was a very smart man and he could see the World War II housing boom coming,” says Rob Keil, author of the book “Little Boxes: The Architecture of a Classic Midcentury Suburb,” which was also made into a movie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger built a lot of military housing — very quickly — in the Bay Area during World War II. He also built about 11,000 homes in San Francisco, largely in the Sunset and Richmond districts. There’s even a section deemed Doelger City, and Herb Caen, the former San Francisco Chronicle columnist, jokingly called the city’s western coast line “the white cliffs of Doelger.” But land in San Francisco was starting to be in short supply and Doelger was able to secure 1,350 acres of land just to the south of the city for a good price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/nsPO8-CXpM0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, Doelger aimed to build Westlake, a city unto itself, that would be affordable for first-time homebuyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From an economic standpoint, you obviously want to build as many homes on a piece of land as you can because you make money by selling homes,” says Keil. “However, he had to give people a reason to leave [San Francisco.]”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That reason for many customers was a yard and the opportunity to own a stand-alone house that didn’t share walls with the neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882845\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-800x423.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-800x423.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-160x85.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Westlake while under construction, near the intersection of Higate Drive and Southdale Avenue. The undeveloped area would become Westmoor High School. \u003ccite>(OpenSFHistory / wnp25.6643)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Westlake, Doelger gave people \u003cem>juuust\u003c/em> enough room for a lawn and a bit of privacy. But not much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lotting size attributed to the homes that Doelger built … was 3,300 square feet, which is still significantly smaller than what we’re seeing in other communities down the peninsula,” says Mothershead. The tendency toward smaller parcels was continued by developers like the Gellert Brothers who began building in Daly City after Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As decades passed and Bay Area wealth grew, houses and their yards did, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s pretty typical that some of our neighboring communities have lots that are 5,000 square feet or greater,” Mothershead said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But 40% of Daly City’s housing stock was built before 1950, before a super-sized McMansion was even something one might aspire to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882837\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A house in Daly City’s Westlake neighborhood. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The nickname “The Henry Ford of Housing” was given to Doelger because he created so many ways to streamline the building process, saving himself time and money. Those innovations, coupled with the small houses and yards, allowed Doelger to make high-quality houses that first-time buyers could afford … but that still made him a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger’s innovations ran the gamut, from process to plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting for trucks to be fixed could stall operations, so Doelger included a car repair shop in his operations. He built with redwood, but to keep costs down, he put his own lumber mill on what is now John Daly Boulevard. That mill would cut wood into pre-labeled components that were delivered straight to the worksites, where workers could start framing houses right away. Doelger even manufactured his own windows and doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882838\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882838\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-800x468.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-800x468.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1020x597.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-160x94.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1536x899.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-2048x1198.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1920x1124.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Today The Boulevard Cafe sits on the location where Henry Doelger built a former lumber yard to help streamline the construction of the Westlake subdivision. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The quest for efficiency carried into the floor plans that Doelger created. He was one of the first West Coast developers to use sheetrock, and because sheetrock came in 8-foot pieces, Doelger rarely incorporated ceilings that were taller than 8 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bathrooms shared walls with kitchens to centralize a house’s plumbing, a big cost cutter, says Keil. And the houses were “designed in such a way that they were easy to build.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those easy-to-build floor plans often put all of the living space upstairs while the downstairs remained open as a basement or a garage. That design, in turn, contributes to how Daly City became so densely populated (and to the city’s propensity for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13812554/how-daly-citys-filipino-mobile-dj-scene-changed-hip-hop-forever\">garage parties\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over time, people were finding that they could add habitable space at the ground floor level and they could do it for a very low cost,” says Mothershead. “You can drive by a modest-looking house in Daly City and, you know, it probably doesn’t look any different than a home you might see somewhere else that’s three bedrooms, two baths, but [in Daly City] you could easily have six bedrooms in that house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s space that families can use for bedrooms as they grow, or rent out for supplemental income.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A City Within a City\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Doelger’s vision for Westlake was much grander than what he had built before; he imagined a city within a city, and in many ways delivered on that idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a bank, there was a post office, there were grocery stores,” says Keil. “All the stuff was planned in advance so that the people who moved in right from the beginning had access to these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger planned for parks and schools, and an outdoor shopping mall, a novelty at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you lived out there, you were not in no man’s land,” says Keil. “You could go out and buy things you needed and not have to travel into San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, Daly City was getting noticed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ladies’ Home Journal magazine put it on its list of Top Ten Suburbs in America in 1975. Its schools were designed by architect Mario Ciampi and were featured in LIFE magazine. Community gatherings were held at the mall. Though many architects derided Doelger’s designs, his attention to detail shone through — and still does — when one walks through Westlake. The corner windows, slanted roofs, detailed facades — buyers loved it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>White\u003c/em> buyers that is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Westlake entry sign near Eastgate Drive and John Daly Boulevard. Black, Indigenous and other people of color were banned from owning houses in Westlake, as in most suburbs built during the post-World War II housing boom. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Discrimination by Law\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“The federal government required Doelger not only to refuse to sell homes to African Americans, but to put a clause in every deed that prohibited the owner from reselling to African Americans or renting to African Americans,” said Richard Rothstein, author of “The Color of Law,” on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101866675/from-historical-redlining-to-modern-day-discrimination-how-race-affects-homeownership\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of “The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America” is devoted to housing policy, with post-war housing developments like New York’s Levittown and Daly City’s Westlake serving as Rothstein’s evidence that federal policy — not personal preference or economic differences — is largely what segregated America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rothstein focuses on African Americans in his book, because in a lot of places, that’s who racial covenants and deeds specified. But in Daly City, and across the Bay Area, it wasn’t just African Americans who were excluded — it was anyone who couldn’t pass as white. That included Filipinos — who make up about 30% of Daly City’s current population — as well as Latinos and Asians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way someone like Doelger could have gotten the capital to build that subdivision was by going to the federal government and getting a guarantee loan,” said Rothstein. And that was true for almost any developer who wanted to build on a large scale at that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In “The Color of Law,” Rothstein discusses two attempts to build integrated housing developments in the Bay Area, one by the writer Wallace Stegner and the other by a local union. Both failed, Rothstein writes, as just about all attempts to build integrated housing did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other than architect and developer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11635574/how-joseph-eichler-introduced-stylish-housing-for-the-masses\">Joseph Eichler (the subject of another Bay Curious episode\u003c/a>), Keil doesn’t know of a housing developer who would sell to buyers of color. He adds that discrimination was so prevalent that even Willie Mays, the beloved Say Hey Kid, was barred from buying a house in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Racist policies not only kept families of color out of suburban neighborhoods like Westlake, they blocked families of color from one of the most consistent ways to build wealth in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882843\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daly City is said to have inspired the singer Malvina Reynolds to write “Little Boxes.” \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rothstein notes that white families that bought homes in the mid-20th century used their equity and earnings to great advantage: “They used it to send their children to college. They use that to take care of emergencies and they use it to bequeath it to their children, who [use it for] down payments for their own homes. African Americans were explicitly denied those opportunities by federal government, not by banks, but by federal government in the mid-20th century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, in 1968, the Fair Housing Act outlawed denying housing to someone based on their race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next week on the Bay Curious podcast, we’ll look into how Daly City went from a predominantly whites-only population, to having a thriving Filipino community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 2134,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 48
},
"modified": 1700588178,
"excerpt": "Daly City is one of the most densely populated places in the country. Bay Curious finds out why.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Daly City is one of the most densely populated places in the country. Bay Curious finds out why.",
"title": "How Daly City Became One of the Most Densely Populated Cities in the Country | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "How Daly City Became One of the Most Densely Populated Cities in the Country",
"datePublished": "2021-07-29T03:00:12-07:00",
"dateModified": "2023-11-21T09:36:18-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "how-daly-city-became-one-of-the-most-densely-populated-cities-in-the-country",
"status": "publish",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC3758342445.mp3?updated=1627082817",
"source": "Bay Curious",
"path": "/news/11882379/how-daly-city-became-one-of-the-most-densely-populated-cities-in-the-country",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In Daly City, looking down a block of manicured lawns and “cookie cutter houses,” it’s easy to feel like you’re in the heart of suburbia. That’s why listener Nick Crescenzi was surprised when a few years ago he read that Daly City is one of the densest cities in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick, who works for the city’s parks and recreation department, wanted to know how this suburb, with its malls, cineplex and drive-through restaurants came to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2015/demo/p25-1142.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rank alongside places like Boston, Chicago and, yes, San Francisco\u003c/a>, in terms of the number of residents per square mile. According to a 2015 analysis of U.S. cities with populations over 100,000 people, Daly City is the 6th most densely populated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer leads to a history unknown to many who haven’t lived it, or to those who mistakenly choose to brush Daly City off like a B-side of a chart-topping single. And perhaps most importantly, the history shines light on some of America’s cruelest policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Smaller Lots but Lots of Them\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Daly City came to be densely populated for four main reasons, says Tatum Mothershead, director of economic and community development for Daly City: A relatively high percentage of land in Daly City is used for housing; on average, families in Daly City have more people in them than families in other places; the average lot size in Daly City is small; and lastly, the architecture of the homes that were built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of land used in Daly City for residential purposes is apparent to anyone who has driven through the city. If you’re driving on the freeway or staring out a BART window, hill after hill reveals itself, each one dotted with lines of houses, like cars on an endless train. Those rows of houses are said to have inspired Malvina Reynolds’ anti-conformity song, “Little Boxes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average lot size for a house in Daly City is well below that in the rest of San Mateo County. If you drive down Mission Street, through the neighborhood that long-time residents call “Top of the Hill” and take a left on any of the side streets, many of the houses you’ll see are either connected or within an arm’s length of one another. Most of those residences were built before World War II, and on lots around 2,500 square feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when Daly City expanded in the the post-World War II housing boom, Daly City’s parcel size stayed small, in large part because of the success of a housing developer named Henry Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0333-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For decades, a homeowners association enforced limits on the type of exterior changes that could be made to houses in Westlake, including what kind of trees could be planted. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The Henry Ford of Housing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Daly City owes \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/DUiay1VPHUw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">its founding to John Daly\u003c/a>, it owes its expansion to Henry Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Henry Doelger was a very smart man and he could see the World War II housing boom coming,” says Rob Keil, author of the book “Little Boxes: The Architecture of a Classic Midcentury Suburb,” which was also made into a movie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger built a lot of military housing — very quickly — in the Bay Area during World War II. He also built about 11,000 homes in San Francisco, largely in the Sunset and Richmond districts. There’s even a section deemed Doelger City, and Herb Caen, the former San Francisco Chronicle columnist, jokingly called the city’s western coast line “the white cliffs of Doelger.” But land in San Francisco was starting to be in short supply and Doelger was able to secure 1,350 acres of land just to the south of the city for a good price.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/nsPO8-CXpM0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/nsPO8-CXpM0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>There, Doelger aimed to build Westlake, a city unto itself, that would be affordable for first-time homebuyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From an economic standpoint, you obviously want to build as many homes on a piece of land as you can because you make money by selling homes,” says Keil. “However, he had to give people a reason to leave [San Francisco.]”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That reason for many customers was a yard and the opportunity to own a stand-alone house that didn’t share walls with the neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882845\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-800x423.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-800x423.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction-160x85.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/WestlakeConstruction.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Westlake while under construction, near the intersection of Higate Drive and Southdale Avenue. The undeveloped area would become Westmoor High School. \u003ccite>(OpenSFHistory / wnp25.6643)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Westlake, Doelger gave people \u003cem>juuust\u003c/em> enough room for a lawn and a bit of privacy. But not much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lotting size attributed to the homes that Doelger built … was 3,300 square feet, which is still significantly smaller than what we’re seeing in other communities down the peninsula,” says Mothershead. The tendency toward smaller parcels was continued by developers like the Gellert Brothers who began building in Daly City after Doelger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As decades passed and Bay Area wealth grew, houses and their yards did, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s pretty typical that some of our neighboring communities have lots that are 5,000 square feet or greater,” Mothershead said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But 40% of Daly City’s housing stock was built before 1950, before a super-sized McMansion was even something one might aspire to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882837\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0427-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A house in Daly City’s Westlake neighborhood. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The nickname “The Henry Ford of Housing” was given to Doelger because he created so many ways to streamline the building process, saving himself time and money. Those innovations, coupled with the small houses and yards, allowed Doelger to make high-quality houses that first-time buyers could afford … but that still made him a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger’s innovations ran the gamut, from process to plumbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting for trucks to be fixed could stall operations, so Doelger included a car repair shop in his operations. He built with redwood, but to keep costs down, he put his own lumber mill on what is now John Daly Boulevard. That mill would cut wood into pre-labeled components that were delivered straight to the worksites, where workers could start framing houses right away. Doelger even manufactured his own windows and doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882838\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882838\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-800x468.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-800x468.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1020x597.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-160x94.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1536x899.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-2048x1198.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0431-1920x1124.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Today The Boulevard Cafe sits on the location where Henry Doelger built a former lumber yard to help streamline the construction of the Westlake subdivision. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The quest for efficiency carried into the floor plans that Doelger created. He was one of the first West Coast developers to use sheetrock, and because sheetrock came in 8-foot pieces, Doelger rarely incorporated ceilings that were taller than 8 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bathrooms shared walls with kitchens to centralize a house’s plumbing, a big cost cutter, says Keil. And the houses were “designed in such a way that they were easy to build.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those easy-to-build floor plans often put all of the living space upstairs while the downstairs remained open as a basement or a garage. That design, in turn, contributes to how Daly City became so densely populated (and to the city’s propensity for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13812554/how-daly-citys-filipino-mobile-dj-scene-changed-hip-hop-forever\">garage parties\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over time, people were finding that they could add habitable space at the ground floor level and they could do it for a very low cost,” says Mothershead. “You can drive by a modest-looking house in Daly City and, you know, it probably doesn’t look any different than a home you might see somewhere else that’s three bedrooms, two baths, but [in Daly City] you could easily have six bedrooms in that house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s space that families can use for bedrooms as they grow, or rent out for supplemental income.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A City Within a City\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Doelger’s vision for Westlake was much grander than what he had built before; he imagined a city within a city, and in many ways delivered on that idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a bank, there was a post office, there were grocery stores,” says Keil. “All the stuff was planned in advance so that the people who moved in right from the beginning had access to these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doelger planned for parks and schools, and an outdoor shopping mall, a novelty at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you lived out there, you were not in no man’s land,” says Keil. “You could go out and buy things you needed and not have to travel into San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, Daly City was getting noticed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ladies’ Home Journal magazine put it on its list of Top Ten Suburbs in America in 1975. Its schools were designed by architect Mario Ciampi and were featured in LIFE magazine. Community gatherings were held at the mall. Though many architects derided Doelger’s designs, his attention to detail shone through — and still does — when one walks through Westlake. The corner windows, slanted roofs, detailed facades — buyers loved it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>White\u003c/em> buyers that is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0376-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Westlake entry sign near Eastgate Drive and John Daly Boulevard. Black, Indigenous and other people of color were banned from owning houses in Westlake, as in most suburbs built during the post-World War II housing boom. \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Discrimination by Law\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“The federal government required Doelger not only to refuse to sell homes to African Americans, but to put a clause in every deed that prohibited the owner from reselling to African Americans or renting to African Americans,” said Richard Rothstein, author of “The Color of Law,” on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101866675/from-historical-redlining-to-modern-day-discrimination-how-race-affects-homeownership\">KQED’s Forum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of “The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America” is devoted to housing policy, with post-war housing developments like New York’s Levittown and Daly City’s Westlake serving as Rothstein’s evidence that federal policy — not personal preference or economic differences — is largely what segregated America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rothstein focuses on African Americans in his book, because in a lot of places, that’s who racial covenants and deeds specified. But in Daly City, and across the Bay Area, it wasn’t just African Americans who were excluded — it was anyone who couldn’t pass as white. That included Filipinos — who make up about 30% of Daly City’s current population — as well as Latinos and Asians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way someone like Doelger could have gotten the capital to build that subdivision was by going to the federal government and getting a guarantee loan,” said Rothstein. And that was true for almost any developer who wanted to build on a large scale at that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In “The Color of Law,” Rothstein discusses two attempts to build integrated housing developments in the Bay Area, one by the writer Wallace Stegner and the other by a local union. Both failed, Rothstein writes, as just about all attempts to build integrated housing did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other than architect and developer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11635574/how-joseph-eichler-introduced-stylish-housing-for-the-masses\">Joseph Eichler (the subject of another Bay Curious episode\u003c/a>), Keil doesn’t know of a housing developer who would sell to buyers of color. He adds that discrimination was so prevalent that even Willie Mays, the beloved Say Hey Kid, was barred from buying a house in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Racist policies not only kept families of color out of suburban neighborhoods like Westlake, they blocked families of color from one of the most consistent ways to build wealth in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882843\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/07272021_MinoBucheli_DalyCity-0102-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daly City is said to have inspired the singer Malvina Reynolds to write “Little Boxes.” \u003ccite>((Sebastian Miño-Bucheli/KQED))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rothstein notes that white families that bought homes in the mid-20th century used their equity and earnings to great advantage: “They used it to send their children to college. They use that to take care of emergencies and they use it to bequeath it to their children, who [use it for] down payments for their own homes. African Americans were explicitly denied those opportunities by federal government, not by banks, but by federal government in the mid-20th century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, in 1968, the Fair Housing Act outlawed denying housing to someone based on their race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next week on the Bay Curious podcast, we’ll look into how Daly City went from a predominantly whites-only population, to having a thriving Filipino community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11882379/how-daly-city-became-one-of-the-most-densely-populated-cities-in-the-country",
"authors": [
"70"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_223",
"news_28250",
"news_8",
"news_33520",
"news_1397"
],
"tags": [
"news_17657",
"news_18426",
"news_27626"
],
"featImg": "news_11882808",
"label": "source_news_11882379"
},
"news_11881696": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11881696",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11881696",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1626948012000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "how-hyphy-came-to-define-bay-area-hip-hop",
"title": "‘It’s Pure Energy’: How Hyphy Came to Define Bay Area Hip-Hop",
"publishDate": 1626948012,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "‘It’s Pure Energy’: How Hyphy Came to Define Bay Area Hip-Hop | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>When it comes to cultural exports of the Bay Area, hyphy is in a league of its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subgenre of hip-hop has an up-tempo, hyperactive beat that makes you want to dance. In the early 2000s, artists like E-40 and Too Short had audiences around the world loving this distinctly Bay Area sound. But to locals who lived through the hyphy movement, it was much bigger than music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an energy. It’s a culture. It’s a dance. It’s expression,” E-40 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djs_t8MSvfw\">said in an interview posted by Artisan News Service\u003c/a>. “It’s cars. It’s the sideshows. It’s the swinging of donuts. It’s scraper cars — the Buick LeSabres, the Park Avenues, the old-school muscle cars … It’s the struggle. It’s the way we dress. It’s our lingo. It’s a culture, man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ogpenn\">Pendarvis Harshaw\u003c/a>, who is now host of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/rightnowish\">KQED’s Rightnowish podcast\u003c/a>, recalled growing up in the midst of the hyphy movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The scrapers getting sideways, airbrushed T-shirts, big stunna shades, all of that — that was my teenage experience,” he said. “I remember being in Emeryville at the record release party for E-40’s “My Ghetto Report Card” … which was arguably the height of the hyphy movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s watched the culture and music evolve over the past 20 years. Now, young people who were just babies at the height of the hyphy movement are rediscovering it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To this new generation of young adults, what’s old is new again,” Harshaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s also true for Bay Curious listener Lauren Tankeh. She grew up in San Carlos and remembers starting to listen to hyphy in high school. Now, she’s in college at Cal Poly and says when a hyphy song gets played at a party, all the Bay Area kids go crazy. She wants to know more about how the culture became so synonymous with the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Below is a conversation Pendarvis had with music producer Trackademicks for the Rightnowish podcast. They’ll answer Lauren’s question, taking us through the hip-hop legacy of Northern California, and dig in on the etymology of the word “hyphy.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882076\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882076\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/EJbsFORUEAApF9v-1020x680-1-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/EJbsFORUEAApF9v-1020x680-1-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/EJbsFORUEAApF9v-1020x680-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/EJbsFORUEAApF9v-1020x680-1.jpeg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jesus El stares into the camera as Pendarvis Harshaw does a video interview with E-40 at Youth Uprising in Deep East Oakland. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jacky Johnson.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> I think it’s time for a Bay Area history lesson on hyphy music, and who better to talk to than the cool collar scholar himself, the HNRL producer who has worked with J. Stalin, Kamaiyah, Mistah F.A.B. and more. His name is Trackademicks, and he knows a thing or two about hip-hop history in this region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> What’s the first hyphy song you ever heard?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> I’d have to say that E-40 album … it had the song “Gasoline” with Turf Talk. That’s when I first started hearing like, ‘oh, this is an actual crazy sound.’ The hyphy sound. Turf Talk’s voice next to E-40’s voice, it just kind of created this crazy tone where it’s just unruly. It was in your face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySel0OB-TDw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> The beat’s by Rick Rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> Rick Rock was the Northern California producer behind classic old-school songs, contemporary hits, and a ton of songs from major hip-hop artists, like Tupac, Jay-Z … even \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WDaNJW_jEBo\">Busta Rhymes and Mariah Carey\u003c/a>. Rick Rock was one of the producers who laid the cornerstone to the hyphy sound — producing songs like \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oe7ohnlZhBc\">“Hyphy”\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0vtZ0bYEW28\">“Go Dumb”\u003c/a> by The Federation, as well as E-40’s “Yay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K71IXLQpGss\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> Rick Rock was making crazy beats. He was making more uptempo songs with wacky, wacky sounds and crazy percussion. This is something different, it’s hyphy. I mean, we didn’t have the terminology yet. But it slapped.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Where Did the Word “Hyphy” Come From?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> “Hyphy” the word was first said on record by East Oakland’s Keak Da Sneak in the mid-’90s. It gained popularity in the early 2000s. But in the early days when Keak started using it, “hyphy” didn’t mean what it means now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> He’s the one who created the hyphy terminology. In Oakland, hyphy … didn’t mean fun. Hyphy meant … “They hyphy over there.” Like I’m not trying to go over there. They might rob you. You never know what’s going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> But, as language does, the term evolved to mean hyperactive — in a good way. Full of exuberant energy, the life of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> Hyphy is pure energy. It’s not a clap sound or ghostriding whips and all that … it’s pure energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Musical Lineage that Created Hyphy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> The hyphy sound in the mid-2000s didn’t come out of nowhere; it was a combination of the energy of the people and the evolution of music styles happening locally. To start us off, back in the day, there was funk music…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AoQ4AtsFWVM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> The heavy bass and synthesizers from funk shifted into a darker tone… becoming \u003ca href=\"https://www.criticalminded.com/2016/11/27/bay-area-mobb-music/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mobb music\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> In the ’80s, you had prehistoric mobb music. I call it prehistoric, Cro-Magnon mobb music, where it was influenced by East Coast rap like Whodini.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMnTawcUZLQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> Specifically here, it’s just the bass lines, and the ominous sounds … the Moog synths, and the different synthesizers that they were using back then. So that’s the first iteration, like that mobb, that ’80s, you know, Too Short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1b8kTV4VtKA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> Everyone knows Short sampled Parliament Funkadelic and James Brown, but it’s the deep cuts that show how foundational the funk was. Tracks like the Conscious Daughters’ “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8KZ2CIpjto\">Somethin’ to Ride To (Fonky Expedition)\u003c/a>”. That song is built off a sample of the S.O.S. Band’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JSEbDN49bYM\">No One’s Going to Love You\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> As it went through the late ’90s, mobb music started re-interpolating a lot of things. Musicians like Ant Banks and Khayree were producing very lavish productions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2QjOclOzkU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis: \u003c/strong>That sound got juiced up and grew into what we know as hyphy — same bass, more tempo, not as dark, and a lot more fun. The mobb era came with different flavors from all across Northern California. Similarly, the hyphy movement had different flavors from different towns too. There was \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLRCIja0Eb4\">Dem Hoodstarz\u003c/a> out of East Palo Alto. \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6FDYlpKek0\">J. Stalin and Livewire Records\u003c/a> out of West Oakland, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oe7ohnlZhBc\">The Federation\u003c/a> out of Fairfield, to name a few. And many artists had careers that spanned both mobb music and the hyphy movement — like Too Short, E-40, and this one guy whose birth name is Andre Hicks. But you might know him as the Furly Ghost, Ronald Dregan, Thizzelle Washington, Andre Macassi, the Cold Crest Creeper, or simply: Mac Dre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> The thing that Mac Dre brought was the energy of hyphy, the caricature, the character of hyphy. He kind of set the groundwork of the fun aspect of it. And as the music started to catch up, with Rick Rock and E-40 bringing that actual sonic sound of hyphy, that connected with the characters that Mac Dre gave F.A.B in the 2000s. The baton from Mac Dre was kind of passed to Mistah F.A.B, and in that regard, everybody else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v37_C3WaTNk\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Music Today\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> What’s going on right now in terms of the Bay Area sound?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> It’s all like a post-mobb and hyphy sound kind of mixed together. So you have a lot of the slap and kind of the general rhythmic disposition. We’re back to the ominous chords and the pianos. It’s undeniable that the sonic backdrop of it all is a direct descendant of the older Bay Area music. Even someone like Rexx Life Raj, where it’s almost like soulful mobb or soulful hyphy. It amazes me how much it stays ingrained in our music. And I believe that it’s going to stay, because it actually has influenced the whole landscape of music.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Over 15 years ago, Bay Area rappers put hyphy music and culture on the map. How did hyphy get its start here? ",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1721159098,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 31,
"wordCount": 1498
},
"headData": {
"title": "‘It’s Pure Energy’: How Hyphy Came to Define Bay Area Hip-Hop | KQED",
"description": "In the early 2000s, artists like E-40 and Too $hort had audiences around the world loving this distinctly Bay Area sound. But where did that sound come from? And what was Hyphy culture like more broadly?",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"socialDescription": "In the early 2000s, artists like E-40 and Too $hort had audiences around the world loving this distinctly Bay Area sound. But where did that sound come from? And what was Hyphy culture like more broadly?",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "‘It’s Pure Energy’: How Hyphy Came to Define Bay Area Hip-Hop",
"datePublished": "2021-07-22T03:00:12-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-07-16T12:44:58-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"source": "Bay Curious",
"sourceUrl": "http://baycurious.org/",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC9455293592.mp3?updated=1626883508",
"sticky": false,
"nprByline": "Pendarvis Harshaw and Olivia Allen-Price",
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"showOnAuthorArchivePages": "No",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/news/11881696/how-hyphy-came-to-define-bay-area-hip-hop",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When it comes to cultural exports of the Bay Area, hyphy is in a league of its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subgenre of hip-hop has an up-tempo, hyperactive beat that makes you want to dance. In the early 2000s, artists like E-40 and Too Short had audiences around the world loving this distinctly Bay Area sound. But to locals who lived through the hyphy movement, it was much bigger than music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an energy. It’s a culture. It’s a dance. It’s expression,” E-40 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djs_t8MSvfw\">said in an interview posted by Artisan News Service\u003c/a>. “It’s cars. It’s the sideshows. It’s the swinging of donuts. It’s scraper cars — the Buick LeSabres, the Park Avenues, the old-school muscle cars … It’s the struggle. It’s the way we dress. It’s our lingo. It’s a culture, man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ogpenn\">Pendarvis Harshaw\u003c/a>, who is now host of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/rightnowish\">KQED’s Rightnowish podcast\u003c/a>, recalled growing up in the midst of the hyphy movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The scrapers getting sideways, airbrushed T-shirts, big stunna shades, all of that — that was my teenage experience,” he said. “I remember being in Emeryville at the record release party for E-40’s “My Ghetto Report Card” … which was arguably the height of the hyphy movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s watched the culture and music evolve over the past 20 years. Now, young people who were just babies at the height of the hyphy movement are rediscovering it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To this new generation of young adults, what’s old is new again,” Harshaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s also true for Bay Curious listener Lauren Tankeh. She grew up in San Carlos and remembers starting to listen to hyphy in high school. Now, she’s in college at Cal Poly and says when a hyphy song gets played at a party, all the Bay Area kids go crazy. She wants to know more about how the culture became so synonymous with the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Below is a conversation Pendarvis had with music producer Trackademicks for the Rightnowish podcast. They’ll answer Lauren’s question, taking us through the hip-hop legacy of Northern California, and dig in on the etymology of the word “hyphy.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882076\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11882076\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/EJbsFORUEAApF9v-1020x680-1-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/EJbsFORUEAApF9v-1020x680-1-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/EJbsFORUEAApF9v-1020x680-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/EJbsFORUEAApF9v-1020x680-1.jpeg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jesus El stares into the camera as Pendarvis Harshaw does a video interview with E-40 at Youth Uprising in Deep East Oakland. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jacky Johnson.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> I think it’s time for a Bay Area history lesson on hyphy music, and who better to talk to than the cool collar scholar himself, the HNRL producer who has worked with J. Stalin, Kamaiyah, Mistah F.A.B. and more. His name is Trackademicks, and he knows a thing or two about hip-hop history in this region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> What’s the first hyphy song you ever heard?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> I’d have to say that E-40 album … it had the song “Gasoline” with Turf Talk. That’s when I first started hearing like, ‘oh, this is an actual crazy sound.’ The hyphy sound. Turf Talk’s voice next to E-40’s voice, it just kind of created this crazy tone where it’s just unruly. It was in your face.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ySel0OB-TDw'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ySel0OB-TDw'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> The beat’s by Rick Rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> Rick Rock was the Northern California producer behind classic old-school songs, contemporary hits, and a ton of songs from major hip-hop artists, like Tupac, Jay-Z … even \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WDaNJW_jEBo\">Busta Rhymes and Mariah Carey\u003c/a>. Rick Rock was one of the producers who laid the cornerstone to the hyphy sound — producing songs like \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oe7ohnlZhBc\">“Hyphy”\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0vtZ0bYEW28\">“Go Dumb”\u003c/a> by The Federation, as well as E-40’s “Yay Area.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/K71IXLQpGss'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/K71IXLQpGss'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> Rick Rock was making crazy beats. He was making more uptempo songs with wacky, wacky sounds and crazy percussion. This is something different, it’s hyphy. I mean, we didn’t have the terminology yet. But it slapped.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Where Did the Word “Hyphy” Come From?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> “Hyphy” the word was first said on record by East Oakland’s Keak Da Sneak in the mid-’90s. It gained popularity in the early 2000s. But in the early days when Keak started using it, “hyphy” didn’t mean what it means now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> He’s the one who created the hyphy terminology. In Oakland, hyphy … didn’t mean fun. Hyphy meant … “They hyphy over there.” Like I’m not trying to go over there. They might rob you. You never know what’s going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> But, as language does, the term evolved to mean hyperactive — in a good way. Full of exuberant energy, the life of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> Hyphy is pure energy. It’s not a clap sound or ghostriding whips and all that … it’s pure energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Musical Lineage that Created Hyphy\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> The hyphy sound in the mid-2000s didn’t come out of nowhere; it was a combination of the energy of the people and the evolution of music styles happening locally. To start us off, back in the day, there was funk music…\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/AoQ4AtsFWVM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/AoQ4AtsFWVM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> The heavy bass and synthesizers from funk shifted into a darker tone… becoming \u003ca href=\"https://www.criticalminded.com/2016/11/27/bay-area-mobb-music/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mobb music\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> In the ’80s, you had prehistoric mobb music. I call it prehistoric, Cro-Magnon mobb music, where it was influenced by East Coast rap like Whodini.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/qMnTawcUZLQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/qMnTawcUZLQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> Specifically here, it’s just the bass lines, and the ominous sounds … the Moog synths, and the different synthesizers that they were using back then. So that’s the first iteration, like that mobb, that ’80s, you know, Too Short.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/1b8kTV4VtKA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/1b8kTV4VtKA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> Everyone knows Short sampled Parliament Funkadelic and James Brown, but it’s the deep cuts that show how foundational the funk was. Tracks like the Conscious Daughters’ “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8KZ2CIpjto\">Somethin’ to Ride To (Fonky Expedition)\u003c/a>”. That song is built off a sample of the S.O.S. Band’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JSEbDN49bYM\">No One’s Going to Love You\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> As it went through the late ’90s, mobb music started re-interpolating a lot of things. Musicians like Ant Banks and Khayree were producing very lavish productions.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/v2QjOclOzkU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/v2QjOclOzkU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis: \u003c/strong>That sound got juiced up and grew into what we know as hyphy — same bass, more tempo, not as dark, and a lot more fun. The mobb era came with different flavors from all across Northern California. Similarly, the hyphy movement had different flavors from different towns too. There was \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLRCIja0Eb4\">Dem Hoodstarz\u003c/a> out of East Palo Alto. \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6FDYlpKek0\">J. Stalin and Livewire Records\u003c/a> out of West Oakland, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oe7ohnlZhBc\">The Federation\u003c/a> out of Fairfield, to name a few. And many artists had careers that spanned both mobb music and the hyphy movement — like Too Short, E-40, and this one guy whose birth name is Andre Hicks. But you might know him as the Furly Ghost, Ronald Dregan, Thizzelle Washington, Andre Macassi, the Cold Crest Creeper, or simply: Mac Dre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> The thing that Mac Dre brought was the energy of hyphy, the caricature, the character of hyphy. He kind of set the groundwork of the fun aspect of it. And as the music started to catch up, with Rick Rock and E-40 bringing that actual sonic sound of hyphy, that connected with the characters that Mac Dre gave F.A.B in the 2000s. The baton from Mac Dre was kind of passed to Mistah F.A.B, and in that regard, everybody else.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/v37_C3WaTNk'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/v37_C3WaTNk'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>Music Today\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pendarvis:\u003c/strong> What’s going on right now in terms of the Bay Area sound?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trackademicks:\u003c/strong> It’s all like a post-mobb and hyphy sound kind of mixed together. So you have a lot of the slap and kind of the general rhythmic disposition. We’re back to the ominous chords and the pianos. It’s undeniable that the sonic backdrop of it all is a direct descendant of the older Bay Area music. Even someone like Rexx Life Raj, where it’s almost like soulful mobb or soulful hyphy. It amazes me how much it stays ingrained in our music. And I believe that it’s going to stay, because it actually has influenced the whole landscape of music.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11881696/how-hyphy-came-to-define-bay-area-hip-hop",
"authors": [
"byline_news_11881696"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_223",
"news_8",
"news_33520"
],
"tags": [
"news_19133",
"news_26456",
"news_24374",
"news_27626",
"news_18477",
"news_1425"
],
"featImg": "news_11882075",
"label": "source_news_11881696"
},
"news_11880526": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11880526",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11880526",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1626343240000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "who-were-the-first-people-to-live-in-the-bay-area",
"title": "Who Were the First People to Live in the Bay Area?",
"publishDate": 1626343240,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Who Were the First People to Live in the Bay Area? | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>Ever since he was a kid, Héctor Pérez has wondered about the first inhabitants of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been like a tickle in the back of my mind since a teacher of mine in middle school taught us about the Bering Strait,” Pérez says, referring to the land bridge that let people journey from Asia into Alaska \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11839198/the-bay-area-during-the-ice-age-think-saber-tooth-cats-and-mammoths\">during the ice age\u003c/a>, when sea levels were lower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a clear memory of the old social studies books with pictures of people with animal furs fighting the wind,” says Pérez, now an English teacher at Mountain View High School. He wants to know: “Who were the first inhabitants of this region? And what was it like for them? What happened to them? Are there any descendants left?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer to the last question is yes, although not everyone likes the term “descendants.” “Descendants is something that puts us to be a fragment of what we once were,” says Vincent Medina, an Ohlone activist and chef living in the East Bay. “We prefer to call ourselves the Ohlone people of today, and there’s many Ohlone people that are alive today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of what we now know as the Bay Area was Ohlone territory, from Vallejo down to Monterey, including San Francisco and the Peninsula. “Now within that, there’s at least 54 independent nations,” Medina says. While these groups share some things in common, they speak many different languages; Medina speaks one called Chochenyo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other groups around the Bay Area include the Miwok — Coast Miwok people along the shoreline of Marin County, and Bay and Plains Miwok further up the Delta — as well as Patwin and Wappo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for where the term Ohlone comes from, Medina says there are a few explanations:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes people will say that it comes from the name of one of those smaller nations I was describing on the San Francisco Peninsula, but we have another explanation for that in our family here in the East Bay. We believe it comes from the Miwok term which means ‘people of the west.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How long have people lived in the Bay Area, and what was life like then?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The record is spotty, but humans were definitely here before the last ice age ended around 11,700 years ago — and back then the place was not a windswept tundra. The weather was mild, and the low sea level meant the coast was miles further west than today. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11839198/the-bay-area-during-the-ice-age-think-saber-tooth-cats-and-mammoths\">What’s now the bay was more like a lush river valley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first people we know of living here probably enjoyed abundant seafood, says Kent Lightfoot, an anthropology professor at UC Berkeley with expertise in California archaeology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The earliest people we have really good archaeological records of,” Lightfoot says, “were maritime peoples, seafaring peoples who had boats and who had come down the coast.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880538\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880538\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized.jpg\" alt=\"A projectile point likely made of obsidian. It could have been a spear point or arrowhead.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A projectile point likely made of obsidian. It could have been a spear point or arrowhead. \u003ccite>(Dana Davis Photoraphy/Phoebe Apperson Museum of Anthropology/Courtesy California Institute for Community, Art & Nature)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s possible another wave of migrants came in to hunt the mammoths and mastodons that roamed the Bay Area around this time. While Lightfoot says there’s not great evidence of this, it wouldn’t surprise him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next several thousand years, sea levels rose. The ice age megafauna vanished, but a tremendous array of wildlife remained — including the now-extinct California grizzly bear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During this period, the people here came to use bows and arrows rather than spears to hunt animals like elk. And they learned to process acorns into a kind of porridge. They also used grass-like tule reeds for everything from building structures and boats to crafting baskets and nets for fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11881059\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11881059\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"Abalone artifact\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An abalone artifact likely used as an ornament. \u003ccite>(Dana Davis Photography/Phoebe Apperson Museum of Anthropology/Couresty California Institute for Community, Art & Nature)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Malcolm Margolin, an \u003ca href=\"https://heydaybooks.com/authors/malcolm-margolin/\">author and publisher\u003c/a> who has written extensively about the native peoples of California, says the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11704679/there-were-once-more-than-425-shellmounds-in-the-bay-area-where-did-they-go\">shellmounds that can still be found in the region\u003c/a> are a hallmark from this age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the time the first Europeans came, the bay had about 400 shellmounds around it. These shellmounds were accumulations of earth, of shells, of ashes from fires, of refuse and burials,” Margolin says. Some were around 300 feet in diameter and three stories high and would’ve taken generations to build up — long enough for their use to gradually shift with time. Perhaps some generations used them as ritual places, others for dwelling, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, many shellmounds have become the sites of shopping centers and parking lots. And there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2021/03/22/ohlones-lisjan-protest-berkeley-ca-fence-around-ancestral-land\">ongoing legal disputes and protests\u003c/a> over this type of development. Perhaps the best surviving example of a shellmound is in Coyote Hills Regional Park, but that one is only open to the public on certain occasions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What happened to the people here?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s a sad but familiar story: Waves of colonizers came to the Bay Area and killed nearly all the native people living here. Survivors had to give up their land and their way of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Margolin calls the genocide “an attempt to erase people,” saying, “I think Europeans had no use for Indians. I think they had a sense of them as inferior beings. What they saw were people that didn’t have the right clothes, that didn’t have the right manners. They didn’t have the right religion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The devastation came in three waves, starting about 250 years ago with the Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The conquest was as cruel as it could be. Indians were drawn into the missions and many of them died either from disease or were killed outright,” Margolin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, during the era of Mexican control that followed, native people were cut loose from the missions. With nowhere to return to, many were forced to work on ranches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico gave up rights to California at the end of the Mexican-American War. A few months after California became a state in 1850, the first governor, Peter Hardeman Burnett, \u003ca href=\"https://www.csus.edu/college/education/engagement/_internal/_documents/indian_early_california_laws_and_policies_related_to_california_indians.pdf\">said to expect a “war of extermination” against native people.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our family experienced a lot of hardships that came with colonization — too many hardships to ever really list,” Vincent Medina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through it all, Indigenous people like Medina’s great-grandmother quietly preserved and passed on the traditions of their ancestors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880541\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 962px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880541\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/8-Vincent.png\" alt=\"A young Vincent Medina with his great-grandmother, Mary Archuleta.\" width=\"962\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/8-Vincent.png 962w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/8-Vincent-800x798.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/8-Vincent-160x160.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 962px) 100vw, 962px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Vincent Medina with his great-grandmother, Mary Archuleta. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Vincent Medina)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When not everything could be carried on, one way that our family found to keep these things alive was through documenting them,” Medina said. His great-grandmother and other elders wrote thousands of pages on history, language, religion and foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My great-grandmother survived that time,” Medina said. She got through it, and she still kept our culture close, passing on as much as she could to everybody in our family around her. And through those efforts that’s how so many of us, including myself, grew up empowered with our culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medina says at one point not a single person he knew spoke Chochenyo. But over the past several years, he and others have worked to resuscitate the language, using the documentation their elders left behind as a guide. Now a whole community is conversant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That shows healing right there in action,” Medina says. “That shows how we can be able to have things back again that we might have not had a short time ago, but that we were always meant to have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medina works to make Indigenous culture more visible in other ways, too. He runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.makamham.com/cafeohlone\">Cafe Ohlone\u003c/a> — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13899524/cafe-ohlone-restaurant-hearst-museum-berkeley-opening\">recently relocated to UC Berkeley’s Hearst Museum of Anthropology\u003c/a> — where the menu features shellfish, acorn soup and even acorn-flour brownies — a hit with kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s one person among many working to revive traditional dance, basketry and even making boats of tule reeds. He sees this as carrying forward a story that began a very, very long time ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing that we’re Indigenous here, that we were created here, it gives us that responsibility and that obligation to keep these teachings close with a lot of integrity and a lot of deep care and love,” Medina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Most of what we now know as the Bay Area was Ohlone territory, from Vallejo down to Monterey, including San Francisco and the Peninsula. Within that, there's at least 54 independent nations, speaking many languages.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1721156700,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 37,
"wordCount": 1449
},
"headData": {
"title": "Who Were the First People to Live in the Bay Area? | KQED",
"description": "Most of what we now know as the Bay Area was Ohlone territory, from Vallejo down to Monterey, including San Francisco and the Peninsula. Within that, there's at least 54 independent nations, speaking many languages.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "Who Were the First People to Live in the Bay Area?",
"datePublished": "2021-07-15T03:00:40-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-07-16T12:05:00-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"source": "Bay Curious",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC6508559411.mp3?updated=1626243997",
"sticky": false,
"nprByline": "Daniel Potter",
"subhead": "What was it like for the Bay Area's first inhabitants thousands of years ago?",
"path": "/news/11880526/who-were-the-first-people-to-live-in-the-bay-area",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ever since he was a kid, Héctor Pérez has wondered about the first inhabitants of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been like a tickle in the back of my mind since a teacher of mine in middle school taught us about the Bering Strait,” Pérez says, referring to the land bridge that let people journey from Asia into Alaska \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11839198/the-bay-area-during-the-ice-age-think-saber-tooth-cats-and-mammoths\">during the ice age\u003c/a>, when sea levels were lower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a clear memory of the old social studies books with pictures of people with animal furs fighting the wind,” says Pérez, now an English teacher at Mountain View High School. He wants to know: “Who were the first inhabitants of this region? And what was it like for them? What happened to them? Are there any descendants left?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer to the last question is yes, although not everyone likes the term “descendants.” “Descendants is something that puts us to be a fragment of what we once were,” says Vincent Medina, an Ohlone activist and chef living in the East Bay. “We prefer to call ourselves the Ohlone people of today, and there’s many Ohlone people that are alive today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of what we now know as the Bay Area was Ohlone territory, from Vallejo down to Monterey, including San Francisco and the Peninsula. “Now within that, there’s at least 54 independent nations,” Medina says. While these groups share some things in common, they speak many different languages; Medina speaks one called Chochenyo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other groups around the Bay Area include the Miwok — Coast Miwok people along the shoreline of Marin County, and Bay and Plains Miwok further up the Delta — as well as Patwin and Wappo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for where the term Ohlone comes from, Medina says there are a few explanations:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes people will say that it comes from the name of one of those smaller nations I was describing on the San Francisco Peninsula, but we have another explanation for that in our family here in the East Bay. We believe it comes from the Miwok term which means ‘people of the west.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How long have people lived in the Bay Area, and what was life like then?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The record is spotty, but humans were definitely here before the last ice age ended around 11,700 years ago — and back then the place was not a windswept tundra. The weather was mild, and the low sea level meant the coast was miles further west than today. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11839198/the-bay-area-during-the-ice-age-think-saber-tooth-cats-and-mammoths\">What’s now the bay was more like a lush river valley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first people we know of living here probably enjoyed abundant seafood, says Kent Lightfoot, an anthropology professor at UC Berkeley with expertise in California archaeology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The earliest people we have really good archaeological records of,” Lightfoot says, “were maritime peoples, seafaring peoples who had boats and who had come down the coast.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880538\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880538\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized.jpg\" alt=\"A projectile point likely made of obsidian. It could have been a spear point or arrowhead.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Projectile-point-sized-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A projectile point likely made of obsidian. It could have been a spear point or arrowhead. \u003ccite>(Dana Davis Photoraphy/Phoebe Apperson Museum of Anthropology/Courtesy California Institute for Community, Art & Nature)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s possible another wave of migrants came in to hunt the mammoths and mastodons that roamed the Bay Area around this time. While Lightfoot says there’s not great evidence of this, it wouldn’t surprise him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next several thousand years, sea levels rose. The ice age megafauna vanished, but a tremendous array of wildlife remained — including the now-extinct California grizzly bear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During this period, the people here came to use bows and arrows rather than spears to hunt animals like elk. And they learned to process acorns into a kind of porridge. They also used grass-like tule reeds for everything from building structures and boats to crafting baskets and nets for fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11881059\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11881059\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"Abalone artifact\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/Abalone-artifact-cropped-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An abalone artifact likely used as an ornament. \u003ccite>(Dana Davis Photography/Phoebe Apperson Museum of Anthropology/Couresty California Institute for Community, Art & Nature)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Malcolm Margolin, an \u003ca href=\"https://heydaybooks.com/authors/malcolm-margolin/\">author and publisher\u003c/a> who has written extensively about the native peoples of California, says the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11704679/there-were-once-more-than-425-shellmounds-in-the-bay-area-where-did-they-go\">shellmounds that can still be found in the region\u003c/a> are a hallmark from this age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the time the first Europeans came, the bay had about 400 shellmounds around it. These shellmounds were accumulations of earth, of shells, of ashes from fires, of refuse and burials,” Margolin says. Some were around 300 feet in diameter and three stories high and would’ve taken generations to build up — long enough for their use to gradually shift with time. Perhaps some generations used them as ritual places, others for dwelling, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, many shellmounds have become the sites of shopping centers and parking lots. And there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2021/03/22/ohlones-lisjan-protest-berkeley-ca-fence-around-ancestral-land\">ongoing legal disputes and protests\u003c/a> over this type of development. Perhaps the best surviving example of a shellmound is in Coyote Hills Regional Park, but that one is only open to the public on certain occasions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What happened to the people here?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s a sad but familiar story: Waves of colonizers came to the Bay Area and killed nearly all the native people living here. Survivors had to give up their land and their way of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Margolin calls the genocide “an attempt to erase people,” saying, “I think Europeans had no use for Indians. I think they had a sense of them as inferior beings. What they saw were people that didn’t have the right clothes, that didn’t have the right manners. They didn’t have the right religion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The devastation came in three waves, starting about 250 years ago with the Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The conquest was as cruel as it could be. Indians were drawn into the missions and many of them died either from disease or were killed outright,” Margolin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, during the era of Mexican control that followed, native people were cut loose from the missions. With nowhere to return to, many were forced to work on ranches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico gave up rights to California at the end of the Mexican-American War. A few months after California became a state in 1850, the first governor, Peter Hardeman Burnett, \u003ca href=\"https://www.csus.edu/college/education/engagement/_internal/_documents/indian_early_california_laws_and_policies_related_to_california_indians.pdf\">said to expect a “war of extermination” against native people.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our family experienced a lot of hardships that came with colonization — too many hardships to ever really list,” Vincent Medina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through it all, Indigenous people like Medina’s great-grandmother quietly preserved and passed on the traditions of their ancestors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880541\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 962px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880541\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/8-Vincent.png\" alt=\"A young Vincent Medina with his great-grandmother, Mary Archuleta.\" width=\"962\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/8-Vincent.png 962w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/8-Vincent-800x798.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/8-Vincent-160x160.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 962px) 100vw, 962px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Vincent Medina with his great-grandmother, Mary Archuleta. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Vincent Medina)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When not everything could be carried on, one way that our family found to keep these things alive was through documenting them,” Medina said. His great-grandmother and other elders wrote thousands of pages on history, language, religion and foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My great-grandmother survived that time,” Medina said. She got through it, and she still kept our culture close, passing on as much as she could to everybody in our family around her. And through those efforts that’s how so many of us, including myself, grew up empowered with our culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medina says at one point not a single person he knew spoke Chochenyo. But over the past several years, he and others have worked to resuscitate the language, using the documentation their elders left behind as a guide. Now a whole community is conversant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That shows healing right there in action,” Medina says. “That shows how we can be able to have things back again that we might have not had a short time ago, but that we were always meant to have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medina works to make Indigenous culture more visible in other ways, too. He runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.makamham.com/cafeohlone\">Cafe Ohlone\u003c/a> — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13899524/cafe-ohlone-restaurant-hearst-museum-berkeley-opening\">recently relocated to UC Berkeley’s Hearst Museum of Anthropology\u003c/a> — where the menu features shellfish, acorn soup and even acorn-flour brownies — a hit with kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s one person among many working to revive traditional dance, basketry and even making boats of tule reeds. He sees this as carrying forward a story that began a very, very long time ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing that we’re Indigenous here, that we were created here, it gives us that responsibility and that obligation to keep these teachings close with a lot of integrity and a lot of deep care and love,” Medina says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11880526/who-were-the-first-people-to-live-in-the-bay-area",
"authors": [
"byline_news_11880526"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_28250",
"news_8",
"news_33520"
],
"tags": [
"news_3631",
"news_21733",
"news_3187"
],
"featImg": "news_11880536",
"label": "source_news_11880526"
},
"news_11879641": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11879641",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11879641",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1625133640000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "trucks-are-banned-on-oaklands-i-580-these-sixth-graders-wondered-why",
"title": "Trucks are Banned on Oakland's I-580. These Sixth Graders Wondered Why",
"publishDate": 1625133640,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Trucks are Banned on Oakland’s I-580. These Sixth Graders Wondered Why | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>A handful of kids sit in teacher Patrick Messac’s sixth grade classroom at \u003ca href=\"https://lifeacademyoak.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Life Academy of Health and Bioscience\u003c/a> in East Oakland. They’re surrounded by colorful wall displays of human anatomy, moon cycles, and books categorized by scientific topics. Then there are the signs of the pandemic: one kid at each table, each distanced from their neighbors, air filters and stacks of unused chairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chairs are for the rest of the class, who are at home, zooming into the discussion instead. While this makes the conversation stop-and-go, the students are focused. They’re talking about air pollution, and it’s personal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just hurts to know that our community is slowly dying because of this air pollution,” says student Jasmine Orejudos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orejudos and her classmates live in East Oakland, a region traversed by the Interstate 880 highway. The freeway is heavily used by large trucks, bringing goods from the Port of Oakland to the rest of California and the country. The majority of those trucks are powered by diesel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879651\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920.jpg\" alt=\"Sixth grade teacher Patrick Messac teaches a science class at Life Academy of Health and Bioscience in East Oakland. Students are studying the health impacts of air pollution and asking questions about their own exposure.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sixth grade teacher Patrick Messac teaches a science class at Life Academy of Health and Bioscience in East Oakland. Students are studying the health impacts of air pollution and asking questions about their own exposure. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most of students at Life Academy are Latino, and studies show communities where Black and Latino people live are overburdened with pollution. Students have been making connections between the dirty air they breathe and some of the poor health they experience.\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me and my granny both have asthma and sometimes we can’t even go outside to enjoy ourselves because of the diesel-burning trucks,” said student Rodney Moten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many factors \u003ca href=\"https://www.aafa.org/asthma-triggers-causes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">can cause and exacerbate asthma\u003c/a>, diesel exhaust is one of them. Residents of East and West Oakland have the \u003ca href=\"https://acphd-web-media.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/media/data-reports/city-county-regional/docs/maps2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highest asthma hospitalization rates in Alameda County,\u003c/a> which health experts say is worsened by breathing diesel pollution wafting down from the highway and over from the nearby Port of Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the class studied air quality issues, they came across a state law that seemed odd to them. For 70 years, large trucks have been banned on a stretch of the Interstate 580 freeway that runs along the base of the East Bay Hills in Oakland and San Leandro. As a result, large trucks nearly exclusively drive through — and pollute — neighborhoods in Oakland’s flatlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879652\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879652\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920.jpg\" alt=\"Sixth grade science teacher Patrick Messac helps a student with his microscope.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sixth grade science teacher Patrick Messac helps a student with his microscope at Life Academy of Health and Bioscience in East Oakland. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This realization got students like Belinda Castro wondering: “Why are large polluting trucks banned on I-580, the highway that runs through the Oakland hills, but not the 880, the highway that runs through my neighborhood?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students aren’t the only ones questioning this decades-old ban. Alameda County Supervisor Nate Miley, who supported the ban in 1999 when he was on the Oakland City Council, said he’s changed his thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing what I know now, I would make a different decision to try to phase it out,” Miley said. “We need to take steps to phase that ban out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miley was quick to add that he wants to improve air quality along I-880, but not at the expense of reducing air quality along I-580.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland City Councilmember Rebecca Kaplan called the ban “a troubling example of environmental racism.” Kaplan said the state law “should be reconsidered.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Leandro City Councilmember Fred Simon supports lifting the ban as well. He plans to reach out to local elected leaders and agencies “to build a coalition to overturn the 580 truck ban through state legislative efforts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But changing the law will take more than statements to the press. Others have tried, and failed, to lift the ban in its 70-year history. To actually get it done would require support from Oakland, San Leandro and state government.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Ban Goes All the Way Back to the 1950s\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Oakland is sandwiched between hills to the east and the San Francisco Bay to the west.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I-880 traverses the flatlands and I-580 largely hugs the hills,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.brown.edu/academics/history/people/robert-self\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Robert Self\u003c/a>, a history professor at Brown University. His book \u003ca href=\"https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691124865/american-babylon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>American Babylon: Race and the Struggle for Postwar Oakland\u003c/em>\u003c/a> is about the fight for civil rights after World War II. “This has been historically a representation of the class and to some extent racial divide in the East Bay,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hills were middle and upper middle class, and the flatlands were working class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The truck ban on 580 \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80150442/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dates back to 1951\u003c/a>, before the road was even a highway. Then it was called MacArthur Boulevard and Oakland’s City Council wanted to keep it free from truck traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“MacArthur Boulevard was what you might call the heart of middle class white Oakland in those years,” Self said. “It was a neighborhood whose opinions about the world had the ear of city hall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a neighborhood that didn’t have heavy industry like the flatlands. The trucks were re-routed onto the already-constructed 880 highway (then State Route 17).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city, at the time, certainly did not believe that [flatland] neighborhoods mattered in the same way that the hill neighborhoods mattered,” Self said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Road Evolves, But the Ban Remains\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When MacArthur Boulevard became a highway in the early 1960s, the City of Oakland \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/20972147/6789-cms-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">continued the ban\u003c/a> on a roughly nine mile stretch of highway without significant debate. It applied to vehicles weighing more than 9,000 pounds, like big rigs, but not smaller trucks like those delivering packages on residential streets. The ban also excluded buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879658\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1484px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80173555/oakland-tribune/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879658\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping.png\" alt=\"Oakland Tribune article from November 14, 1967\" width=\"1484\" height=\"1298\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping.png 1484w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping-800x700.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping-1020x892.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping-160x140.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1484px) 100vw, 1484px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Tribune article from November 14, 1967 on the truck ban controversy. \u003ccite>(Newspapers.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1967, the ban was up for renewal, this time sparking a more intense deliberation. The possibility that trucks could barrel down both East Bay highways made people irate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80173555/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news articles\u003c/a> in the Oakland Tribune outlined the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80175750/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">controversy\u003c/a>. Those wanting to continue the ban to keep heavy-duty trucks off 580 were led by Oakland’s then-mayor John Reading, and known as “Citizens Against Trucks on MacArthur Freeway.” They argued the area around the highway was far more residential, had more schools and hospitals, and that the road itself was curvier and hillier than 880.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the loudest voices on the other side was Richard Zeller of the California Trucking Association. He argued that taxes on trucks partially funded the freeway. He also brought up equity, saying the ban was “discriminatory against the people who live near the Nimitz Freeway [ I-880 ] or must use it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879659\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80175750/oakland-tribune/#\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879659\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/MacArthur-clip.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland tribune article from July 4, 1967\" width=\"800\" height=\"1821\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/MacArthur-clip.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/MacArthur-clip-160x364.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/MacArthur-clip-675x1536.jpg 675w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland tribune article from July 4, 1967 discussing the truck ban on 580. \u003ccite>(Newspapers.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He continued, “Are the senses of those living along the MacArthur Freeway more acute than those living along all the other freeways in the state? Are the schools and hospitals more valuable?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Transportation, Caltrans, \u003ca href=\"https://dot.ca.gov/programs/traffic-operations/legal-truck-access/restrict-route-580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">studied the issue\u003c/a> in 1967 to verify that trucks could travel an alternate route instead of 580. The study looked at traffic, not impacts on health or quality of life. According to their website, the department concluded that “there was no strong evidence either to retain or to terminate the truck ban.” Caltrans recommended the ban be extended indefinitely, but with periodic reviews of “operations of the alternate routes, 238 and 880.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those reviews happened just a few times, with none occurring after 1972.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The 1990s: Asking ‘A Simple Question’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 1999, Robert Ramorino, head of Roadstar Trucking, asked what he called “a simple question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How come my trucks are banned on this stretch of 580?” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramorino would later go on to become the president of the California Trucking Association. Like his predecessor, he found the ban insulting. He was paying federal highway use taxes for his trucks, which were not allowed to go on the highway running near his business. If heavy trucks were allowed on 580 it would be convenient for both his company and freight movement in general, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramorino said he and the California Trucking Association asked Caltrans to study lifting the ban on trucks on the 580 freeway. And according to their website, Caltrans officials said if they found good reasons to lift the ban — and the City of Oakland was onboard — they would recommend opening the freeway to trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That study never happened though. Residents living along 580 worried studying the issue would open the door to lifting the ban, so they put pressure on their representatives to stop the study before it started. And the Oakland City Council passed a resolution affirming they wanted to continue the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought keeping trucks off of 580 was a good thing based on traffic safety. I don’t think we were really thinking a lot about air quality at the time,” said Miley, the Alameda County supervisor, who was on the Oakland City Council in 1999.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State legislators also wanted to stop the study and continue the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was getting dozens and dozens of calls from angry neighbors who wanted to know why this was happening,” said former Assemblymember Ellen Corbett, whose district included Alameda, San Leandro and much of Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corbett was a newly-elected state assemblymember at the time. She held a meeting for constituents and Caltrans representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We ended up with hundreds of people. In fact, there were so many people that came to the meeting, there was overflow out into the parking lot,” Corbett said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said residents were worried about noise and road safety. Corbett said her research about the I-580 showed it wasn’t made for trucks, which Caltrans refuted: “the freeway was designed to be safe for all vehicular traffic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond this, however, Corbett says her constituents felt that if Oakland and San Leandro lifted the ban, they would be breaking a promise made to residents decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People were actually displaced and homes were taken from people,” she said. “There was a commitment made that trucks would not be on that freeway because these neighborhoods had been destroyed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building freeways through established neighborhoods was \u003ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3539889\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">commonplace by that time\u003c/a>. It often happened to communities of color, who didn’t have the political clout to extract promises like a ban on trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corbett said she did not hear from any of her constituents who lived or worked along the I-880 freeway. She wrote a bill to make the ban permanent. It was signed into law in 2000 by California Governor Gray Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A large truck ban on an interstate is exceedingly rare, and the I-580 highway ban is the only one of its kind meant to assuage the concerns of local residents. According to the Federal Highway Authority, there are only nine such bans nationwide. Seven of those bans are due to construction or structural engineering constraints. One ban — on the Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Bridge in D.C. — was \u003ca href=\"https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/highwayhistory/dcrevolt/part01.pdf\">ordered by President Eisenhower to keep trucks away from the Lincoln Memorial\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Considering the Truck Ban from a Health Perspective\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Residents living along the I-880 corridor in East Oakland experience some of the \u003ca href=\"https://acphd-web-media.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/media/data-reports/city-county-regional/docs/maps2016.pdf\">highest rates of asthma hospitalizations in Alameda County\u003c/a>, according to the Alameda County Public Health Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Life Academy sixth graders learned one of the factors contributing to asthma is polluted air: The tiny particles in diesel exhaust are some of the most dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may not see this bad air, but we can breathe it,” said student Abrianna Meza. “These diesel trucks burn fuel that causes \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2013-12/documents/black-carbon-fact-sheet_0.pdf\">black carbon\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phil Martien, of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, agreed. “Those particles are small enough to get deep into lungs and in some cases even pass through the lung barrier to get into the bloodstream.” In Martien’s role as director of the Assessment, Inventory, & Modeling Division, he reviews how air pollution is distributed in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said diesel particles, and the chemicals attached to them, can lead to heart attacks, lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a group of diseases that make it hard to breathe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Young people are particularly vulnerable because their lungs are still developing,” Martien said. “There’s actually been \u003ca href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(07)60037-3/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">studies\u003c/a> where they’ve looked at young lungs of children who live near freeways and their lungs don’t ever fully develop,” as compared to kids living farther from busy freeways. Martien says living by freeways can also \u003ca href=\"https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/full/10.1289/ehp.0901232\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cause asthma\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879605\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1772px\">\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.7b00891\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11879605 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1.png\" alt=\"Levels of black carbon (BC), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in neighborhoods along Interstate 580 (purple) and Interstate 880 (red). Large trucks are not permitted on a section of I-580.\" width=\"1772\" height=\"1296\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1.png 1772w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1-800x585.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1-1020x746.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1-160x117.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1-1536x1123.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1772px) 100vw, 1772px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Levels of black carbon (BC), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in neighborhoods along Interstate 580 (purple) and Interstate 880 (red). Large trucks are not permitted on a section of I-580. \u003ccite>(Image Courtesy Environmental Defense Fund)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.7b00891\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">collaborative project\u003c/a> by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.edf.org/airqualitymaps/oakland/tale-two-freeways\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Environmental Defense Fund,\u003c/a> a technology company \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclima.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aclima\u003c/a>, Google Street View and The University of Texas at Austin found that concentrations of harmful pollutants from diesel exhaust were significantly higher in neighborhoods along 880 than those along 580. Black carbon concentrations were roughly 80% higher, nitrogen dioxide concentrations were 60% higher, and nitric oxide were more than double.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What a Truck Ban Means for Equity\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Historian Robert Self said what’s happened with the 580 truck ban is the definition of structural racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People can make decisions that don’t on their face, seem as if they’re motivated by racial animosity but have profound downstream racial effects,” Self said. “Any individual person can make a decision within that system that appears entirely neutral, and yet it’s got massive racial impacts and effects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Scott, an East Oakland community organizer with the environmental justice group \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbecal.org/\">Communities for a Better Environment\u003c/a>, agreed. She said she’s talked with people across East Oakland about whether they’d want to push back on the 580 truck ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks said, ‘We don’t want to put that on anybody else because it’s horrible,'” Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Scott thinks if East Oakland residents don’t push back against policies like this one it hides the problem. Truck emissions are just one example of the outsized pollution burden her community bears, she said. She thinks it’s time for change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to go beyond, ‘Oh, that was maybe a bad decision,'” Scott said. “How do we undo all those bad decisions with all the things that we know now? How do we fix it so that people are sharing burdens? That’s solidarity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px; min-width: 325px;\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial/video/6987554195729583365\" data-video-id=\"6987554195729583365\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@kqedofficial\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">@kqedofficial\u003c/a>We explain how a truck policy affects POC in East and West parts of Oakland. \u003ca title=\"racismawareness\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/racismawareness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#racismawareness\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"oaklandca\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/oaklandca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#oaklandca\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"socialjustice\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/socialjustice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#socialjustice\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"environmental\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/environmental\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#environmental\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"bayarea\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/bayarea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#bayarea\u003c/a>\u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - kqed\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-6987558479233846022\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">♬ original sound – kqed\u003c/a>\n\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[tiktok]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Happens Now\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The sixth grade students at Life Academy have plenty of ideas to improve air quality along their highway, from electrifying trucks to planting more trees in the community, to distributing free air purifiers to people living in heavily polluted areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials have some of the same ideas. Last summer, the California Air Resources Board announced a rule \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/california-takes-bold-step-reduce-truck-pollution#:~:text=SACRAMENTO%20%E2%80%93%20Today%2C%20the%20California%20Air,California%20will%20be%20zero%2Demission.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">requiring truck manufacturers to transition from diesel to electric\u003c/a> starting in 2024. These regulations say by 2045 every new truck sold in California will be zero-emission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Scott, of Communities for a Better Environment, wants to take things further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lift that ban,” she said. “I know people are not going to like it, but it’s such a racist policy. Lift the ban!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students are pushing for one more thing, something community advocates have been demanding for decades: a study of the ban’s health effects. And there has been some movement on that front. Bay Area air district officials said in an email to KQED they are committed to studying health impacts of the 580 truck ban, “probably in the 2022-2023 time frame.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "A 70-year-old ban on large trucks on Interstate 580 pushes diesel-burning vehicles, and their pollution, to Interstate 880. Students living along the 880 corridor want their elected officials to do something about it.\r\n",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1726006295,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 70,
"wordCount": 2742
},
"headData": {
"title": "Trucks are Banned on Oakland's I-580. These Sixth Graders Wondered Why | KQED",
"description": "A 70-year-old ban on large trucks on Interstate 580 pushes diesel-burning vehicles, and their pollution, to Interstate 880. Students living along the 880 corridor want their elected officials to do something about it.\r\n",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "Trucks are Banned on Oakland's I-580. These Sixth Graders Wondered Why",
"datePublished": "2021-07-01T03:00:40-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-09-10T15:11:35-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"source": "Bay Curious",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC2073319975.mp3?updated=1625087259",
"sticky": false,
"subhead": "A Ban Pushes Large Trucks through East Bay Flatlands, Causing Harmful Air Pollution",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"path": "/news/11879641/trucks-are-banned-on-oaklands-i-580-these-sixth-graders-wondered-why",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A handful of kids sit in teacher Patrick Messac’s sixth grade classroom at \u003ca href=\"https://lifeacademyoak.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Life Academy of Health and Bioscience\u003c/a> in East Oakland. They’re surrounded by colorful wall displays of human anatomy, moon cycles, and books categorized by scientific topics. Then there are the signs of the pandemic: one kid at each table, each distanced from their neighbors, air filters and stacks of unused chairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chairs are for the rest of the class, who are at home, zooming into the discussion instead. While this makes the conversation stop-and-go, the students are focused. They’re talking about air pollution, and it’s personal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just hurts to know that our community is slowly dying because of this air pollution,” says student Jasmine Orejudos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orejudos and her classmates live in East Oakland, a region traversed by the Interstate 880 highway. The freeway is heavily used by large trucks, bringing goods from the Port of Oakland to the rest of California and the country. The majority of those trucks are powered by diesel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879651\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920.jpg\" alt=\"Sixth grade teacher Patrick Messac teaches a science class at Life Academy of Health and Bioscience in East Oakland. Students are studying the health impacts of air pollution and asking questions about their own exposure.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-class-1920-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sixth grade teacher Patrick Messac teaches a science class at Life Academy of Health and Bioscience in East Oakland. Students are studying the health impacts of air pollution and asking questions about their own exposure. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most of students at Life Academy are Latino, and studies show communities where Black and Latino people live are overburdened with pollution. Students have been making connections between the dirty air they breathe and some of the poor health they experience.\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me and my granny both have asthma and sometimes we can’t even go outside to enjoy ourselves because of the diesel-burning trucks,” said student Rodney Moten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many factors \u003ca href=\"https://www.aafa.org/asthma-triggers-causes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">can cause and exacerbate asthma\u003c/a>, diesel exhaust is one of them. Residents of East and West Oakland have the \u003ca href=\"https://acphd-web-media.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/media/data-reports/city-county-regional/docs/maps2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highest asthma hospitalization rates in Alameda County,\u003c/a> which health experts say is worsened by breathing diesel pollution wafting down from the highway and over from the nearby Port of Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the class studied air quality issues, they came across a state law that seemed odd to them. For 70 years, large trucks have been banned on a stretch of the Interstate 580 freeway that runs along the base of the East Bay Hills in Oakland and San Leandro. As a result, large trucks nearly exclusively drive through — and pollute — neighborhoods in Oakland’s flatlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879652\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879652\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920.jpg\" alt=\"Sixth grade science teacher Patrick Messac helps a student with his microscope.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Messac-w-student-1920-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sixth grade science teacher Patrick Messac helps a student with his microscope at Life Academy of Health and Bioscience in East Oakland. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This realization got students like Belinda Castro wondering: “Why are large polluting trucks banned on I-580, the highway that runs through the Oakland hills, but not the 880, the highway that runs through my neighborhood?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students aren’t the only ones questioning this decades-old ban. Alameda County Supervisor Nate Miley, who supported the ban in 1999 when he was on the Oakland City Council, said he’s changed his thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing what I know now, I would make a different decision to try to phase it out,” Miley said. “We need to take steps to phase that ban out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miley was quick to add that he wants to improve air quality along I-880, but not at the expense of reducing air quality along I-580.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland City Councilmember Rebecca Kaplan called the ban “a troubling example of environmental racism.” Kaplan said the state law “should be reconsidered.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Leandro City Councilmember Fred Simon supports lifting the ban as well. He plans to reach out to local elected leaders and agencies “to build a coalition to overturn the 580 truck ban through state legislative efforts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But changing the law will take more than statements to the press. Others have tried, and failed, to lift the ban in its 70-year history. To actually get it done would require support from Oakland, San Leandro and state government.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Ban Goes All the Way Back to the 1950s\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Oakland is sandwiched between hills to the east and the San Francisco Bay to the west.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I-880 traverses the flatlands and I-580 largely hugs the hills,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.brown.edu/academics/history/people/robert-self\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Robert Self\u003c/a>, a history professor at Brown University. His book \u003ca href=\"https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691124865/american-babylon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>American Babylon: Race and the Struggle for Postwar Oakland\u003c/em>\u003c/a> is about the fight for civil rights after World War II. “This has been historically a representation of the class and to some extent racial divide in the East Bay,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hills were middle and upper middle class, and the flatlands were working class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The truck ban on 580 \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80150442/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dates back to 1951\u003c/a>, before the road was even a highway. Then it was called MacArthur Boulevard and Oakland’s City Council wanted to keep it free from truck traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“MacArthur Boulevard was what you might call the heart of middle class white Oakland in those years,” Self said. “It was a neighborhood whose opinions about the world had the ear of city hall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a neighborhood that didn’t have heavy industry like the flatlands. The trucks were re-routed onto the already-constructed 880 highway (then State Route 17).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city, at the time, certainly did not believe that [flatland] neighborhoods mattered in the same way that the hill neighborhoods mattered,” Self said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Road Evolves, But the Ban Remains\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When MacArthur Boulevard became a highway in the early 1960s, the City of Oakland \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/20972147/6789-cms-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">continued the ban\u003c/a> on a roughly nine mile stretch of highway without significant debate. It applied to vehicles weighing more than 9,000 pounds, like big rigs, but not smaller trucks like those delivering packages on residential streets. The ban also excluded buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879658\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1484px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80173555/oakland-tribune/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879658\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping.png\" alt=\"Oakland Tribune article from November 14, 1967\" width=\"1484\" height=\"1298\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping.png 1484w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping-800x700.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping-1020x892.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Truck-ban-clipping-160x140.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1484px) 100vw, 1484px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland Tribune article from November 14, 1967 on the truck ban controversy. \u003ccite>(Newspapers.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1967, the ban was up for renewal, this time sparking a more intense deliberation. The possibility that trucks could barrel down both East Bay highways made people irate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80173555/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">news articles\u003c/a> in the Oakland Tribune outlined the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80175750/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">controversy\u003c/a>. Those wanting to continue the ban to keep heavy-duty trucks off 580 were led by Oakland’s then-mayor John Reading, and known as “Citizens Against Trucks on MacArthur Freeway.” They argued the area around the highway was far more residential, had more schools and hospitals, and that the road itself was curvier and hillier than 880.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the loudest voices on the other side was Richard Zeller of the California Trucking Association. He argued that taxes on trucks partially funded the freeway. He also brought up equity, saying the ban was “discriminatory against the people who live near the Nimitz Freeway [ I-880 ] or must use it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879659\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/80175750/oakland-tribune/#\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879659\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/MacArthur-clip.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland tribune article from July 4, 1967\" width=\"800\" height=\"1821\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/MacArthur-clip.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/MacArthur-clip-160x364.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/MacArthur-clip-675x1536.jpg 675w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland tribune article from July 4, 1967 discussing the truck ban on 580. \u003ccite>(Newspapers.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He continued, “Are the senses of those living along the MacArthur Freeway more acute than those living along all the other freeways in the state? Are the schools and hospitals more valuable?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Transportation, Caltrans, \u003ca href=\"https://dot.ca.gov/programs/traffic-operations/legal-truck-access/restrict-route-580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">studied the issue\u003c/a> in 1967 to verify that trucks could travel an alternate route instead of 580. The study looked at traffic, not impacts on health or quality of life. According to their website, the department concluded that “there was no strong evidence either to retain or to terminate the truck ban.” Caltrans recommended the ban be extended indefinitely, but with periodic reviews of “operations of the alternate routes, 238 and 880.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those reviews happened just a few times, with none occurring after 1972.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The 1990s: Asking ‘A Simple Question’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 1999, Robert Ramorino, head of Roadstar Trucking, asked what he called “a simple question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How come my trucks are banned on this stretch of 580?” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramorino would later go on to become the president of the California Trucking Association. Like his predecessor, he found the ban insulting. He was paying federal highway use taxes for his trucks, which were not allowed to go on the highway running near his business. If heavy trucks were allowed on 580 it would be convenient for both his company and freight movement in general, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramorino said he and the California Trucking Association asked Caltrans to study lifting the ban on trucks on the 580 freeway. And according to their website, Caltrans officials said if they found good reasons to lift the ban — and the City of Oakland was onboard — they would recommend opening the freeway to trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That study never happened though. Residents living along 580 worried studying the issue would open the door to lifting the ban, so they put pressure on their representatives to stop the study before it started. And the Oakland City Council passed a resolution affirming they wanted to continue the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought keeping trucks off of 580 was a good thing based on traffic safety. I don’t think we were really thinking a lot about air quality at the time,” said Miley, the Alameda County supervisor, who was on the Oakland City Council in 1999.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State legislators also wanted to stop the study and continue the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was getting dozens and dozens of calls from angry neighbors who wanted to know why this was happening,” said former Assemblymember Ellen Corbett, whose district included Alameda, San Leandro and much of Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corbett was a newly-elected state assemblymember at the time. She held a meeting for constituents and Caltrans representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We ended up with hundreds of people. In fact, there were so many people that came to the meeting, there was overflow out into the parking lot,” Corbett said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said residents were worried about noise and road safety. Corbett said her research about the I-580 showed it wasn’t made for trucks, which Caltrans refuted: “the freeway was designed to be safe for all vehicular traffic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond this, however, Corbett says her constituents felt that if Oakland and San Leandro lifted the ban, they would be breaking a promise made to residents decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People were actually displaced and homes were taken from people,” she said. “There was a commitment made that trucks would not be on that freeway because these neighborhoods had been destroyed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building freeways through established neighborhoods was \u003ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3539889\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">commonplace by that time\u003c/a>. It often happened to communities of color, who didn’t have the political clout to extract promises like a ban on trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corbett said she did not hear from any of her constituents who lived or worked along the I-880 freeway. She wrote a bill to make the ban permanent. It was signed into law in 2000 by California Governor Gray Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A large truck ban on an interstate is exceedingly rare, and the I-580 highway ban is the only one of its kind meant to assuage the concerns of local residents. According to the Federal Highway Authority, there are only nine such bans nationwide. Seven of those bans are due to construction or structural engineering constraints. One ban — on the Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Bridge in D.C. — was \u003ca href=\"https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/highwayhistory/dcrevolt/part01.pdf\">ordered by President Eisenhower to keep trucks away from the Lincoln Memorial\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Considering the Truck Ban from a Health Perspective\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Residents living along the I-880 corridor in East Oakland experience some of the \u003ca href=\"https://acphd-web-media.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/media/data-reports/city-county-regional/docs/maps2016.pdf\">highest rates of asthma hospitalizations in Alameda County\u003c/a>, according to the Alameda County Public Health Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Life Academy sixth graders learned one of the factors contributing to asthma is polluted air: The tiny particles in diesel exhaust are some of the most dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may not see this bad air, but we can breathe it,” said student Abrianna Meza. “These diesel trucks burn fuel that causes \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2013-12/documents/black-carbon-fact-sheet_0.pdf\">black carbon\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phil Martien, of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, agreed. “Those particles are small enough to get deep into lungs and in some cases even pass through the lung barrier to get into the bloodstream.” In Martien’s role as director of the Assessment, Inventory, & Modeling Division, he reviews how air pollution is distributed in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said diesel particles, and the chemicals attached to them, can lead to heart attacks, lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a group of diseases that make it hard to breathe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Young people are particularly vulnerable because their lungs are still developing,” Martien said. “There’s actually been \u003ca href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(07)60037-3/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">studies\u003c/a> where they’ve looked at young lungs of children who live near freeways and their lungs don’t ever fully develop,” as compared to kids living farther from busy freeways. Martien says living by freeways can also \u003ca href=\"https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/full/10.1289/ehp.0901232\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cause asthma\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879605\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1772px\">\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.7b00891\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11879605 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1.png\" alt=\"Levels of black carbon (BC), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in neighborhoods along Interstate 580 (purple) and Interstate 880 (red). Large trucks are not permitted on a section of I-580.\" width=\"1772\" height=\"1296\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1.png 1772w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1-800x585.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1-1020x746.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1-160x117.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Screen-Shot-2021-06-24-at-3.32.37-PM-1-1536x1123.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1772px) 100vw, 1772px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Levels of black carbon (BC), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in neighborhoods along Interstate 580 (purple) and Interstate 880 (red). Large trucks are not permitted on a section of I-580. \u003ccite>(Image Courtesy Environmental Defense Fund)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.7b00891\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">collaborative project\u003c/a> by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.edf.org/airqualitymaps/oakland/tale-two-freeways\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Environmental Defense Fund,\u003c/a> a technology company \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclima.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aclima\u003c/a>, Google Street View and The University of Texas at Austin found that concentrations of harmful pollutants from diesel exhaust were significantly higher in neighborhoods along 880 than those along 580. Black carbon concentrations were roughly 80% higher, nitrogen dioxide concentrations were 60% higher, and nitric oxide were more than double.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What a Truck Ban Means for Equity\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Historian Robert Self said what’s happened with the 580 truck ban is the definition of structural racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People can make decisions that don’t on their face, seem as if they’re motivated by racial animosity but have profound downstream racial effects,” Self said. “Any individual person can make a decision within that system that appears entirely neutral, and yet it’s got massive racial impacts and effects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Scott, an East Oakland community organizer with the environmental justice group \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbecal.org/\">Communities for a Better Environment\u003c/a>, agreed. She said she’s talked with people across East Oakland about whether they’d want to push back on the 580 truck ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks said, ‘We don’t want to put that on anybody else because it’s horrible,'” Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Scott thinks if East Oakland residents don’t push back against policies like this one it hides the problem. Truck emissions are just one example of the outsized pollution burden her community bears, she said. She thinks it’s time for change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to go beyond, ‘Oh, that was maybe a bad decision,'” Scott said. “How do we undo all those bad decisions with all the things that we know now? How do we fix it so that people are sharing burdens? That’s solidarity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px; min-width: 325px;\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial/video/6987554195729583365\" data-video-id=\"6987554195729583365\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@kqedofficial\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">@kqedofficial\u003c/a>We explain how a truck policy affects POC in East and West parts of Oakland. \u003ca title=\"racismawareness\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/racismawareness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#racismawareness\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"oaklandca\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/oaklandca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#oaklandca\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"socialjustice\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/socialjustice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#socialjustice\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"environmental\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/environmental\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#environmental\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"bayarea\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/bayarea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">#bayarea\u003c/a>\u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - kqed\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-6987558479233846022\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">♬ original sound – kqed\u003c/a>\n\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "tiktok",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Happens Now\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The sixth grade students at Life Academy have plenty of ideas to improve air quality along their highway, from electrifying trucks to planting more trees in the community, to distributing free air purifiers to people living in heavily polluted areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials have some of the same ideas. Last summer, the California Air Resources Board announced a rule \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/california-takes-bold-step-reduce-truck-pollution#:~:text=SACRAMENTO%20%E2%80%93%20Today%2C%20the%20California%20Air,California%20will%20be%20zero%2Demission.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">requiring truck manufacturers to transition from diesel to electric\u003c/a> starting in 2024. These regulations say by 2045 every new truck sold in California will be zero-emission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Scott, of Communities for a Better Environment, wants to take things further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lift that ban,” she said. “I know people are not going to like it, but it’s such a racist policy. Lift the ban!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students are pushing for one more thing, something community advocates have been demanding for decades: a study of the ban’s health effects. And there has been some movement on that front. Bay Area air district officials said in an email to KQED they are committed to studying health impacts of the 580 truck ban, “probably in the 2022-2023 time frame.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11879641/trucks-are-banned-on-oaklands-i-580-these-sixth-graders-wondered-why",
"authors": [
"8648"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986",
"news_34369"
],
"categories": [
"news_19906",
"news_457",
"news_28250",
"news_8",
"news_33520",
"news_356"
],
"tags": [
"news_2036",
"news_18145",
"news_30652",
"news_18299",
"news_28199",
"news_18543",
"news_20517"
],
"featImg": "news_11880226",
"label": "source_news_11879641"
},
"news_11879038": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11879038",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11879038",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1624529289000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "is-the-bay-area-known-for-its-theater-scene-depends-on-who-you-ask",
"title": "Is the Bay Area Known for Its Theater Scene? Depends on Who You Ask",
"publishDate": 1624529289,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Is the Bay Area Known for Its Theater Scene? Depends on Who You Ask | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Alan Kline loves theater. He grew up in Richmond and would often go to shows at the Berkeley Repertory Theatre with his family. Kline was a theater major and now works as a national arts consultant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic he’d go see a show about once a week, favoring smaller theater companies like \u003ca href=\"https://shotgunplayers.org/Online/default.asp\">Shotgun Players\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://goldenthread.org/\">Golden Thread\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.crowdedfire.org/\">Crowded Fire\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.theatreofyugen.org/\">Theatre of Yugen\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You start to see the same faces at everything,” he said. “So I think there definitely is some insularness to audiences in the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He can’t understand why Bay Area residents and tourists aren’t more excited about live theater here. The Bay Area has four Tony Award-winning companies (\u003ca href=\"https://www.act-sf.org/\">The American Conservatory Theater\u003c/a> in 1979, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmt.org/\">the San Francisco Mime Troupe\u003c/a> in 1987, \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyrep.org/\">Berkeley Repertory Theatre\u003c/a> in 1997 and \u003ca href=\"https://theatreworks.org/\">TheatreWorks\u003c/a> in Palo Alto \u003ca href=\"https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/theater/theatreworks-wins-regional-theatre-tony-award\">in 2019\u003c/a>), so he’s curious why more people don’t think of San Francisco, and the whole area, as a theater destination. It’s a question that has nagged him for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Bay Area is getting notice, but you have to be in the industry. And I don’t understand why that hasn’t permeated more,” Kline said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ran the question — and its premise — by the San Francisco Chronicle’s theater critic, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilyJaniak?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Lily Janiak\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879132\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879132\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater.jpg\" alt=\"The Orpheum Theater in San Francisco at night\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Orpheum Theater on Market Street in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think there is some validity to that question,” Janiak said. “And I came up with a few hypotheses as to why that might be the case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Competition for tourist interest.\u003c/strong> Janiak points out that San Francisco has beautiful scenery, some of the best food and wine in the world, tons of festivals and great natural areas to explore, not to mention interesting neighborhoods. It offers a lot to tourists, which means going to a show might not be at the top priority like in other cities. Janiak says as a Midwesterner, she knows the value of fun inside activities during the long, cold winter nights. San Francisco doesn’t really have that problem.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Competition for headlines. \u003c/strong>“We have Big Tech, so they kind of dominate how many headlines can be about the Bay Area in other media outlets around the country and around the world,” Janiak said. Companies like Facebook, Google and Salesforce are changing the ways we interact, work and do business, so they dominate the headlines. That means visitors aren’t necessarily aware of the theater scene here when they visit.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Redefining terms of success.\u003c/strong> “We as a local art scene need to redefine the terms of our success,” Janiak said. “If a show that originates here is only truly a big deal if it shifts to, and then succeeds financially, in New York, then New York will remain the center of theater.” Janiak recognizes the role her journalism plays in this dynamic. The musical “Ain’t Too Proud: The Life and Times of the Temptations” premiered at Berkeley Rep, got picked up by a New York theater company and was nominated for a Tony award in 2019. “You’d better believe that I’m going to report that news,” Janiak said. “But at the same time, I recognize that by doing so, I’m feeding into the same cycle I just described to you.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The financial model.\u003c/strong> Janiak points out that most theater companies depend on loyal subscribers and donors who tend to be older and white. “They are reliable supports,” she said, and “we just don’t give the arts the kind of government support that could truly make theater of, by and for the entire population.Theater jobs also pay notoriously poorly and real estate costs are high. It’s hard for artists to afford the area, even with multiple acting gigs and side jobs. That can be a barrier to entry for new talent that might speak to the entire community, but it also means talent moves away. And theater companies often struggle to find performance spaces they can afford.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Funding for arts education.\u003c/strong> Janiak says when Proposition 13 passed and tax revenue fell, the state gutted funding for public education in California. “If we funded arts education in our public schools in proportion to how wealthy we are as a state, that would be training not only for future artists but future audiences,” she said. “You’re teaching a whole new generation of folks that theater is fun and thrilling and something for them.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Bay Area Artists Chart Their Own Course\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I turned to Sean San José, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13898099/two-distinctly-san-francisco-theater-companies-announce-bold-leadership-changes\">the new creative director\u003c/a> for San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"http://magictheatre.org/\">Magic Theatre\u003c/a> for his take on the question. San José grew up in San Francisco and co-founded Campo Santo in 1996. He’s spent his creative life as an actor, producer, director and playwright here in the Bay Area. He thinks answering Alan’s question depends on perspective and who’s defining “success.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879135\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13898099/two-distinctly-san-francisco-theater-companies-announce-bold-leadership-changes\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879135\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJose%CC%81_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1.jpeg\" alt=\"Sean San José and Sabina Zuniga Varela in Luis Alfaro's Bruja at Magic Theatre. \" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sean San José and Sabina Zuniga Varela in Luis Alfaro’s Bruja at Magic Theatre. \u003ccite>((Courtesy of Magic Theatre))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s all elitist, classist, white supremacist-rooted thinking about what is classic, what is good, what is recognized,” San José said. “And clearly a place like the bay that is historically, culturally, aesthetically, so mixed, culturally, so rooted in ‘the other,’ we’re much more interested in plotting our own piece of land rather than sort of creating something so it fits into something to be accepted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José says artists come to the Bay Area to push the limits. They’re interested in blurring the lines between types of performance to tell stories that speak to this particular community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Someone like me or our group, Campo Santo, we’re talking about a thing that responded to, hopefully neighbors and residents,” San José said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He rejects the idea that “good theater” flows from New York or London to the Bay Area. He says that attitude is just more gatekeeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The real thing that they’re saying is, ‘I don’t think we’re interested in your Chicano body. I don’t think we’re interested in your gay neighborhood. I don’t think we’re interested in your mixed population,’ ” San José said. “Well, that’s who we are; and those are the stories we’re going to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says all artists want their work to be seen and appreciated. He’d love for audiences in other cities to see his plays, but that’s not the goal. He’s creating for his community and if the rest of the world doesn’t see the value, oh well. “I think we’re interested in something new and next and that should be celebrated, as opposed to crushed down into an old definition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he says, the creative freedom that happens here radiates out into the world, calling to artists everywhere. It’s impossible to know the impact that has on creators, the inspiration it brings, the haven it provides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fxe60GVW034\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Where Can You Find Out About Bay Area Performances?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One reason Bay Area residents may not express pride in the theater scene here is simply that they don’t know what’s happening any given night. Many local newspapers have cut their arts coverage, making it even more difficult to find out what’s on stage. The big Broadway shows often grab headlines, but there’s tons going on at smaller independent theaters all over the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some resources to stay informed as theaters start opening up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/category/theater\">KQED’s theater coverage\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Follow Lily Janiak’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/author/lily-janiak/\">coverage\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilyJaniak?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Twitter\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/\">FunCheapSF\u003c/a> has listings of events\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatrebayarea.org/page/retakingthestage\">Theatre Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfarts.org/\">SF/Arts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfstation.com/theater-performance-arts/calendar/bay-area\">SF Station\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://dothebay.com/\">Do The Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you want to support theater and actors as we emerge from the coronavirus pandemic into an uncertain world, Lily Janiak suggests that you pick one local theater company or actor or director that moves you and actively support their work. Go see their plays, donate money, maybe even write a fan letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those small acts of appreciation and devotion are what bolster our art scene,” Janiak said. “And they matter. Artists don’t get them as much as you might think. It will not only make their day, but help feed their next creation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Is the Bay Area recognized for its contribution to the performing arts? Depends on who you ask.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1721129863,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 23,
"wordCount": 1494
},
"headData": {
"title": "Is the Bay Area Known for Its Theater Scene? Depends on Who You Ask | KQED",
"description": "Is the Bay Area recognized for its contribution to the performing arts? Depends on who you ask.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "Is the Bay Area Known for Its Theater Scene? Depends on Who You Ask",
"datePublished": "2021-06-24T03:08:09-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-07-16T04:37:43-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"source": "Bay Curious",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7395407184.mp3?updated=1624467917",
"sticky": false,
"path": "/news/11879038/is-the-bay-area-known-for-its-theater-scene-depends-on-who-you-ask",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Alan Kline loves theater. He grew up in Richmond and would often go to shows at the Berkeley Repertory Theatre with his family. Kline was a theater major and now works as a national arts consultant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic he’d go see a show about once a week, favoring smaller theater companies like \u003ca href=\"https://shotgunplayers.org/Online/default.asp\">Shotgun Players\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://goldenthread.org/\">Golden Thread\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.crowdedfire.org/\">Crowded Fire\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.theatreofyugen.org/\">Theatre of Yugen\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You start to see the same faces at everything,” he said. “So I think there definitely is some insularness to audiences in the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He can’t understand why Bay Area residents and tourists aren’t more excited about live theater here. The Bay Area has four Tony Award-winning companies (\u003ca href=\"https://www.act-sf.org/\">The American Conservatory Theater\u003c/a> in 1979, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmt.org/\">the San Francisco Mime Troupe\u003c/a> in 1987, \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyrep.org/\">Berkeley Repertory Theatre\u003c/a> in 1997 and \u003ca href=\"https://theatreworks.org/\">TheatreWorks\u003c/a> in Palo Alto \u003ca href=\"https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/theater/theatreworks-wins-regional-theatre-tony-award\">in 2019\u003c/a>), so he’s curious why more people don’t think of San Francisco, and the whole area, as a theater destination. It’s a question that has nagged him for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Bay Area is getting notice, but you have to be in the industry. And I don’t understand why that hasn’t permeated more,” Kline said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ran the question — and its premise — by the San Francisco Chronicle’s theater critic, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilyJaniak?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Lily Janiak\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879132\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879132\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater.jpg\" alt=\"The Orpheum Theater in San Francisco at night\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Orpheum Theater on Market Street in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think there is some validity to that question,” Janiak said. “And I came up with a few hypotheses as to why that might be the case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Competition for tourist interest.\u003c/strong> Janiak points out that San Francisco has beautiful scenery, some of the best food and wine in the world, tons of festivals and great natural areas to explore, not to mention interesting neighborhoods. It offers a lot to tourists, which means going to a show might not be at the top priority like in other cities. Janiak says as a Midwesterner, she knows the value of fun inside activities during the long, cold winter nights. San Francisco doesn’t really have that problem.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Competition for headlines. \u003c/strong>“We have Big Tech, so they kind of dominate how many headlines can be about the Bay Area in other media outlets around the country and around the world,” Janiak said. Companies like Facebook, Google and Salesforce are changing the ways we interact, work and do business, so they dominate the headlines. That means visitors aren’t necessarily aware of the theater scene here when they visit.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Redefining terms of success.\u003c/strong> “We as a local art scene need to redefine the terms of our success,” Janiak said. “If a show that originates here is only truly a big deal if it shifts to, and then succeeds financially, in New York, then New York will remain the center of theater.” Janiak recognizes the role her journalism plays in this dynamic. The musical “Ain’t Too Proud: The Life and Times of the Temptations” premiered at Berkeley Rep, got picked up by a New York theater company and was nominated for a Tony award in 2019. “You’d better believe that I’m going to report that news,” Janiak said. “But at the same time, I recognize that by doing so, I’m feeding into the same cycle I just described to you.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The financial model.\u003c/strong> Janiak points out that most theater companies depend on loyal subscribers and donors who tend to be older and white. “They are reliable supports,” she said, and “we just don’t give the arts the kind of government support that could truly make theater of, by and for the entire population.Theater jobs also pay notoriously poorly and real estate costs are high. It’s hard for artists to afford the area, even with multiple acting gigs and side jobs. That can be a barrier to entry for new talent that might speak to the entire community, but it also means talent moves away. And theater companies often struggle to find performance spaces they can afford.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Funding for arts education.\u003c/strong> Janiak says when Proposition 13 passed and tax revenue fell, the state gutted funding for public education in California. “If we funded arts education in our public schools in proportion to how wealthy we are as a state, that would be training not only for future artists but future audiences,” she said. “You’re teaching a whole new generation of folks that theater is fun and thrilling and something for them.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Bay Area Artists Chart Their Own Course\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I turned to Sean San José, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13898099/two-distinctly-san-francisco-theater-companies-announce-bold-leadership-changes\">the new creative director\u003c/a> for San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"http://magictheatre.org/\">Magic Theatre\u003c/a> for his take on the question. San José grew up in San Francisco and co-founded Campo Santo in 1996. He’s spent his creative life as an actor, producer, director and playwright here in the Bay Area. He thinks answering Alan’s question depends on perspective and who’s defining “success.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879135\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13898099/two-distinctly-san-francisco-theater-companies-announce-bold-leadership-changes\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879135\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJose%CC%81_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1.jpeg\" alt=\"Sean San José and Sabina Zuniga Varela in Luis Alfaro's Bruja at Magic Theatre. \" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sean San José and Sabina Zuniga Varela in Luis Alfaro’s Bruja at Magic Theatre. \u003ccite>((Courtesy of Magic Theatre))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s all elitist, classist, white supremacist-rooted thinking about what is classic, what is good, what is recognized,” San José said. “And clearly a place like the bay that is historically, culturally, aesthetically, so mixed, culturally, so rooted in ‘the other,’ we’re much more interested in plotting our own piece of land rather than sort of creating something so it fits into something to be accepted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José says artists come to the Bay Area to push the limits. They’re interested in blurring the lines between types of performance to tell stories that speak to this particular community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Someone like me or our group, Campo Santo, we’re talking about a thing that responded to, hopefully neighbors and residents,” San José said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He rejects the idea that “good theater” flows from New York or London to the Bay Area. He says that attitude is just more gatekeeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The real thing that they’re saying is, ‘I don’t think we’re interested in your Chicano body. I don’t think we’re interested in your gay neighborhood. I don’t think we’re interested in your mixed population,’ ” San José said. “Well, that’s who we are; and those are the stories we’re going to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says all artists want their work to be seen and appreciated. He’d love for audiences in other cities to see his plays, but that’s not the goal. He’s creating for his community and if the rest of the world doesn’t see the value, oh well. “I think we’re interested in something new and next and that should be celebrated, as opposed to crushed down into an old definition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he says, the creative freedom that happens here radiates out into the world, calling to artists everywhere. It’s impossible to know the impact that has on creators, the inspiration it brings, the haven it provides.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Fxe60GVW034'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Fxe60GVW034'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>Where Can You Find Out About Bay Area Performances?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One reason Bay Area residents may not express pride in the theater scene here is simply that they don’t know what’s happening any given night. Many local newspapers have cut their arts coverage, making it even more difficult to find out what’s on stage. The big Broadway shows often grab headlines, but there’s tons going on at smaller independent theaters all over the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some resources to stay informed as theaters start opening up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/category/theater\">KQED’s theater coverage\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Follow Lily Janiak’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/author/lily-janiak/\">coverage\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilyJaniak?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Twitter\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/\">FunCheapSF\u003c/a> has listings of events\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatrebayarea.org/page/retakingthestage\">Theatre Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfarts.org/\">SF/Arts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfstation.com/theater-performance-arts/calendar/bay-area\">SF Station\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://dothebay.com/\">Do The Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you want to support theater and actors as we emerge from the coronavirus pandemic into an uncertain world, Lily Janiak suggests that you pick one local theater company or actor or director that moves you and actively support their work. Go see their plays, donate money, maybe even write a fan letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those small acts of appreciation and devotion are what bolster our art scene,” Janiak said. “And they matter. Artists don’t get them as much as you might think. It will not only make their day, but help feed their next creation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11879038/is-the-bay-area-known-for-its-theater-scene-depends-on-who-you-ask",
"authors": [
"234"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_223",
"news_28250",
"news_8",
"news_33520"
],
"tags": [
"news_19133",
"news_4731"
],
"featImg": "news_11879070",
"label": "source_news_11879038"
},
"news_11879024": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11879024",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11879024",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1624529131000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1624529131,
"format": "standard",
"title": "You've Heard Experimental Sounds From Mills College (Even If You Don't Realize It)",
"headTitle": "You’ve Heard Experimental Sounds From Mills College (Even If You Don’t Realize It) | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Right in the middle of Oakland, a densely populated large urban city, sits Mills College. Originally a finishing school, the oldest women’s college on the West Coast moved to its current location in 1875. It sports architecture from notables like Bernard Maybeck and Julia Morgan and over time has grown into an identity rooted in inclusivity, social activism and female leadership. But many people don’t even know it’s there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Sara Russell describes Mills as “an oasis of nature, architecture, art, history, activism, social impact and education.” She wants to know more about the school’s music program, which has produced dozens of famous musicians, including jazz legend Dave Brubeck and singer-songwriter Joanna Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Music Program of Possibility\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“The music program at Mills is \u003ca href=\"https://daily.bandcamp.com/features/mills-college-list\">legendary,” \u003c/a>says \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmeline\">Gabe Meline\u003c/a>, KQED’s Arts senior editor. “Some big names came out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People like Dave Brubeck, Roscoe Mitchell, Anthony Braxton, Steve Reich, Lou Harrison and Terry Riley all graduated from or taught at Mills. Meline says for most people these aren’t household names, but in certain circles they are revered for pushing the definition of jazz and for pioneering minimalism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gcl6dS4_HnU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, I think the best word to sum up Mills’ approach to teaching music is possibility,” Meline said. “Students were just encouraged to do whatever to explore their imaginations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mills.edu/academics/graduate-programs/music/center-contemporary-music/index.php\">Mills’ Center for Contemporary Music\u003c/a> is particularly famous for electronic music. Graduates include composers like \u003ca href=\"https://paulineoliveros.us/\">Pauline Oliveros\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hollyherndon.com/\">Holly Herndon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/site/maggipayne/\">Maggi Payne\u003c/a> — a co-director of the center for 26 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They developed modern electronic composition in a way that is revered in serious music circles all around the world,” Meline said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Experimental Makes Its Way Into the Mainstream\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Decades later, as music production has migrated onto laptops, Meline hears echoes of the work done by Mills graduates in artists like Radiohead, Wilco, Tame Impala, Playboi Carti, Kanye West and even Justin Bieber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nntGTK2Fhb0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a big hit song a few years ago by Justin Bieber, “Where Are You Now?,” that had this squeaky little kind of dolphin sound,” Meline said. “And that sound could be traced back absolutely to people pushing and pulling tape through old tape players at Mills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills composers were a little too experimental for many mainstream listeners of their time, but music has progressed since they were first experimenting in the ’50s. Each generation builds on the work of the one before, and over time sounds that seemed completely new have become commonplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=svwJTnZOaco\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>An Uncertain Future\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Now the Mills music program is in jeopardy along with the rest of the college. Like many niche liberal arts schools, Mills has been struggling financially for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were shocked in 2019 when we learned that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13871311/mills-college-to-sell-shakespeare-first-folio-mozart-manuscript-amid-budget-woes\">Mills was selling a Shakespeare “First Folio\u003c/a>,” which is essentially the first collected edition of Shakespeare’s plays,” Meline said. “It’s from 1623. They sold one at Christie’s for $10 million, which was a big sign that something was seriously amiss financially and that Mills needed money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills College President Elizabeth Hillman announced in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11865408/mills-college-to-stop-offering-degrees-cites-low-enrollment-financial-woes\">March 2021\u003c/a> that Mills College would stop admitting new students after the fall semester, and would likely stop granting degrees in 2023. Then, in June, she announced that the college is \u003ca href=\"https://www.mills.edu/announcement/index.php\">in negotiations with Northeastern University\u003c/a> to become a satellite campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mills College President Elizabeth Hillman at the campus in Oakland on March 24, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We realized that all of this stuff is going on behind the scenes and the key core constituencies are not being consulted,” said David Bernstein, faculty chair of the music department after the original closure announcement. He and other faculty members have been fighting to be included in conversations about the college’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/30/arts/music/mills-college-music.html\">press coverage about the music department\u003c/a> has focused on its archive, which he says includes an incredible collection of artifacts documenting the pioneering musical history of Mills students and famous composers who have come together to play on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a documentation of the experimental music tradition at Mills College,” Bernstein said. “All kinds of incredible treasures. It’s a documentation of artistic activity at an institution that was a cauldron for all of these innovative ideas and different people working with one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernstein understands how impressive the archive is — he’s used it in his research. But he’s more concerned about preserving the future of the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s so much more institutionally that towers above the importance of the archive,” he said. “Yes, it has cultural significance, but actually the department itself is much more important than the archives. I don’t know that there are many places in the world that do what we do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has been working to marshal the music program’s illustrious alumni to defend the Center for Contemporary Music and the department as a whole. He hopes that with more of the stakeholders involved, the Mills community can find a solution that allows the historic college to continue to exist in some form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 921,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 23
},
"modified": 1700588239,
"excerpt": "While the fate of Mills College in Oakland is up in the air, many wonder what will happen its music program, which has produced many influential musicians.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "While the fate of Mills College in Oakland is up in the air, many wonder what will happen its music program, which has produced many influential musicians.",
"title": "You've Heard Experimental Sounds From Mills College (Even If You Don't Realize It) | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "You've Heard Experimental Sounds From Mills College (Even If You Don't Realize It)",
"datePublished": "2021-06-24T03:05:31-07:00",
"dateModified": "2023-11-21T09:37:19-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "youve-heard-experimental-sounds-from-mills-college-even-if-you-dont-realize-it",
"status": "publish",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7395407184.mp3?updated=1624467917",
"source": "Bay Curious",
"path": "/news/11879024/youve-heard-experimental-sounds-from-mills-college-even-if-you-dont-realize-it",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Right in the middle of Oakland, a densely populated large urban city, sits Mills College. Originally a finishing school, the oldest women’s college on the West Coast moved to its current location in 1875. It sports architecture from notables like Bernard Maybeck and Julia Morgan and over time has grown into an identity rooted in inclusivity, social activism and female leadership. But many people don’t even know it’s there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Sara Russell describes Mills as “an oasis of nature, architecture, art, history, activism, social impact and education.” She wants to know more about the school’s music program, which has produced dozens of famous musicians, including jazz legend Dave Brubeck and singer-songwriter Joanna Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Music Program of Possibility\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“The music program at Mills is \u003ca href=\"https://daily.bandcamp.com/features/mills-college-list\">legendary,” \u003c/a>says \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmeline\">Gabe Meline\u003c/a>, KQED’s Arts senior editor. “Some big names came out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People like Dave Brubeck, Roscoe Mitchell, Anthony Braxton, Steve Reich, Lou Harrison and Terry Riley all graduated from or taught at Mills. Meline says for most people these aren’t household names, but in certain circles they are revered for pushing the definition of jazz and for pioneering minimalism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Gcl6dS4_HnU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Gcl6dS4_HnU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“I mean, I think the best word to sum up Mills’ approach to teaching music is possibility,” Meline said. “Students were just encouraged to do whatever to explore their imaginations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mills.edu/academics/graduate-programs/music/center-contemporary-music/index.php\">Mills’ Center for Contemporary Music\u003c/a> is particularly famous for electronic music. Graduates include composers like \u003ca href=\"https://paulineoliveros.us/\">Pauline Oliveros\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hollyherndon.com/\">Holly Herndon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/site/maggipayne/\">Maggi Payne\u003c/a> — a co-director of the center for 26 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They developed modern electronic composition in a way that is revered in serious music circles all around the world,” Meline said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Experimental Makes Its Way Into the Mainstream\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Decades later, as music production has migrated onto laptops, Meline hears echoes of the work done by Mills graduates in artists like Radiohead, Wilco, Tame Impala, Playboi Carti, Kanye West and even Justin Bieber.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/nntGTK2Fhb0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/nntGTK2Fhb0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“There was a big hit song a few years ago by Justin Bieber, “Where Are You Now?,” that had this squeaky little kind of dolphin sound,” Meline said. “And that sound could be traced back absolutely to people pushing and pulling tape through old tape players at Mills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills composers were a little too experimental for many mainstream listeners of their time, but music has progressed since they were first experimenting in the ’50s. Each generation builds on the work of the one before, and over time sounds that seemed completely new have become commonplace.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/svwJTnZOaco'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/svwJTnZOaco'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>An Uncertain Future\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Now the Mills music program is in jeopardy along with the rest of the college. Like many niche liberal arts schools, Mills has been struggling financially for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were shocked in 2019 when we learned that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13871311/mills-college-to-sell-shakespeare-first-folio-mozart-manuscript-amid-budget-woes\">Mills was selling a Shakespeare “First Folio\u003c/a>,” which is essentially the first collected edition of Shakespeare’s plays,” Meline said. “It’s from 1623. They sold one at Christie’s for $10 million, which was a big sign that something was seriously amiss financially and that Mills needed money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills College President Elizabeth Hillman announced in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11865408/mills-college-to-stop-offering-degrees-cites-low-enrollment-financial-woes\">March 2021\u003c/a> that Mills College would stop admitting new students after the fall semester, and would likely stop granting degrees in 2023. Then, in June, she announced that the college is \u003ca href=\"https://www.mills.edu/announcement/index.php\">in negotiations with Northeastern University\u003c/a> to become a satellite campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mills College President Elizabeth Hillman at the campus in Oakland on March 24, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We realized that all of this stuff is going on behind the scenes and the key core constituencies are not being consulted,” said David Bernstein, faculty chair of the music department after the original closure announcement. He and other faculty members have been fighting to be included in conversations about the college’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/30/arts/music/mills-college-music.html\">press coverage about the music department\u003c/a> has focused on its archive, which he says includes an incredible collection of artifacts documenting the pioneering musical history of Mills students and famous composers who have come together to play on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a documentation of the experimental music tradition at Mills College,” Bernstein said. “All kinds of incredible treasures. It’s a documentation of artistic activity at an institution that was a cauldron for all of these innovative ideas and different people working with one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernstein understands how impressive the archive is — he’s used it in his research. But he’s more concerned about preserving the future of the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s so much more institutionally that towers above the importance of the archive,” he said. “Yes, it has cultural significance, but actually the department itself is much more important than the archives. I don’t know that there are many places in the world that do what we do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has been working to marshal the music program’s illustrious alumni to defend the Center for Contemporary Music and the department as a whole. He hopes that with more of the stakeholders involved, the Mills community can find a solution that allows the historic college to continue to exist in some form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11879024/youve-heard-experimental-sounds-from-mills-college-even-if-you-dont-realize-it",
"authors": [
"234"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_223",
"news_28250",
"news_8",
"news_33520"
],
"tags": [
"news_6200",
"news_4142"
],
"featImg": "news_11879049",
"label": "source_news_11879024"
}
},
"podcastsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"podcasts": {}
},
"radioProgramsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"radioPrograms": {}
},
"radioSearchSegmentsReducer": {},
"programsReducer": {
"all-things-considered": {
"id": "all-things-considered",
"title": "All Things Considered",
"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/all-things-considered"
},
"american-suburb-podcast": {
"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 19
},
"link": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"
}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/9a90d476-aa04-455d-9a4c-0871ed6216d4/bay-curious",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"
}
},
"bbc-world-service": {
"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report Magazine",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/californiareportmagazine",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Close All Tabs",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/close-all-tabs/id214663465",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC6993880386",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/92d9d4ac-67a3-4eed-b10a-fb45d45b1ef2/close-all-tabs",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6LAJFHnGK1pYXYzv6SIol6?si=deb0cae19813417c"
}
},
"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"
}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
},
"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
"airtime": "MON-THU 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/here-and-now",
"subsdcribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hyphenaci%C3%B3n/id1191591838",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
"youtube": "https://www.youtube.com/c/kqedarts",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/",
"tuneIn": "http://tun.in/pjGcK",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/44420f75-3b0e-4301-ab3b-16da6b09e543/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
}
},
"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
}
},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "PRI"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pri-the-world",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/",
"rss": "http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"
}
},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/radiolab",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/",
"rss": "https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"
}
},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
}
},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"
}
},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
"airtime": "FRI 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/science-friday",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"
}
},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Snap Judgment",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 4
},
"link": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/snap-judgment/id283657561",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/449018144/snap-judgment",
"stitcher": "https://www.pandora.com/podcast/snap-judgment/PC:241?source=stitcher-sunset",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3Cct7ZWmxHNAtLgBTqjC5v",
"rss": "https://snap.feed.snapjudgment.org/"
}
},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/soldout",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/soldout",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america",
"tunein": "https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/"
}
},
"spooked": {
"id": "spooked",
"title": "Spooked",
"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spooked-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Spooked",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 7
},
"link": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/spooked/id1279361017",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/549547848/snap-judgment-presents-spooked",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/76571Rfl3m7PLJQZKQIGCT",
"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/TBotaapn"
}
},
"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
"airtime": "FRI 10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://technation.podomatic.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "Tech Nation Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tech-nation",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"
}
},
"ted-radio-hour": {
"id": "ted-radio-hour",
"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/ted-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"
}
},
"thebay": {
"id": "thebay",
"title": "The Bay",
"tagline": "Local news to keep you rooted",
"info": "Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Bay",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/thebay",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 2
},
"link": "/podcasts/thebay",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d800ea4c-7a2c-42f2-b861-edaf78a5db0b/the-bay",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"
}
},
"thelatest": {
"id": "thelatest",
"title": "The Latest",
"tagline": "Trusted local news in real time",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/The-Latest-2025-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Latest",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/thelatest",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 6
},
"link": "/thelatest",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-latest-from-kqed/id1197721799",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1257949365/the-latest-from-k-q-e-d",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/5KIIXMgM9GTi5AepwOYvIZ?si=bd3053fec7244dba",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9137121918"
}
},
"theleap": {
"id": "theleap",
"title": "The Leap",
"tagline": "What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?",
"info": "Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Leap",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/theleap",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
"link": "/podcasts/theleap",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"
}
},
"the-moth-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-moth-radio-hour",
"title": "The Moth Radio Hour",
"info": "Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.",
"airtime": "SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://themoth.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "prx"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/",
"rss": "http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"
}
},
"the-new-yorker-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"title": "The New Yorker Radio Hour",
"info": "The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.",
"airtime": "SAT 10am-11am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"
}
},
"the-sam-sanders-show": {
"id": "the-sam-sanders-show",
"title": "The Sam Sanders Show",
"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
"airtime": "FRI 12-1pm AND SAT 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-Sam-Sanders-Show-Podcast-Tile-400x400-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "KCRW"
},
"link": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feed.cdnstream1.com/zjb/feed/download/ac/28/59/ac28594c-e1d0-4231-8728-61865cdc80e8.xml"
}
},
"the-splendid-table": {
"id": "the-splendid-table",
"title": "The Splendid Table",
"info": "\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.splendidtable.org/",
"airtime": "SUN 10-11 pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-splendid-table"
},
"this-american-life": {
"id": "this-american-life",
"title": "This American Life",
"info": "This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.",
"airtime": "SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wbez"
},
"link": "/radio/program/this-american-life",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"rss": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"
}
},
"tinydeskradio": {
"id": "tinydeskradio",
"title": "Tiny Desk Radio",
"info": "We're bringing the best of Tiny Desk to the airwaves, only on public radio.",
"airtime": "SUN 8pm and SAT 9pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/300x300-For-Member-Station-Logo-Tiny-Desk-Radio-@2x.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-52030/tiny-desk-radio",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tinydeskradio",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/g-s1-52030/rss.xml"
}
},
"wait-wait-dont-tell-me": {
"id": "wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"title": "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!",
"info": "Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.",
"airtime": "SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"
}
},
"weekend-edition-saturday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-saturday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Saturday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.",
"airtime": "SAT 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"
},
"weekend-edition-sunday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-sunday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Sunday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.",
"airtime": "SUN 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"
}
},
"racesReducer": {},
"racesGenElectionReducer": {},
"racesGenElection2026Reducer": {},
"radioSchedulesReducer": {},
"listsReducer": {
"posts/news?program=bay-curious": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 252,
"size": 12
},
"vitalsOnly": false,
"totalRequested": 12,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 493,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"news_11886636",
"news_11886536",
"news_11886317",
"news_11761468",
"news_11884520",
"news_11883780",
"news_11882379",
"news_11881696",
"news_11880526",
"news_11879641",
"news_11879038",
"news_11879024"
],
"complete": true
}
},
"recallGuideReducer": {
"intros": {},
"policy": {},
"candidates": {}
},
"savedArticleReducer": {
"articles": [],
"status": {}
},
"newslettersReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"newsletters": {},
"isSubscribing": false,
"isUnsubscribing": false,
"subscribedNewsletters": {}
},
"termsReducer": {
"about": {
"name": "About",
"type": "terms",
"id": "about",
"slug": "about",
"link": "/about",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"arts": {
"name": "Arts & Culture",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"description": "KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "arts",
"slug": "arts",
"link": "/arts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"artschool": {
"name": "Art School",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "artschool",
"slug": "artschool",
"link": "/artschool",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareabites": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareabites",
"slug": "bayareabites",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareahiphop": {
"name": "Bay Area Hiphop",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareahiphop",
"slug": "bayareahiphop",
"link": "/bayareahiphop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"campaign21": {
"name": "Campaign 21",
"type": "terms",
"id": "campaign21",
"slug": "campaign21",
"link": "/campaign21",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"careers": {
"name": "Careers",
"type": "terms",
"id": "careers",
"slug": "careers",
"link": "/careers",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"checkplease": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "checkplease",
"slug": "checkplease",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"education": {
"name": "Education",
"grouping": [
"education"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "education",
"slug": "education",
"link": "/education",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"elections": {
"name": "Elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "elections",
"slug": "elections",
"link": "/elections",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"events": {
"name": "Events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "events",
"slug": "events",
"link": "/events",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"event": {
"name": "Event",
"alias": "events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "event",
"slug": "event",
"link": "/event",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"filmschoolshorts": {
"name": "Film School Shorts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "filmschoolshorts",
"slug": "filmschoolshorts",
"link": "/filmschoolshorts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"food": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "food",
"slug": "food",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum": {
"name": "Forum",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/forum?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum",
"slug": "forum",
"link": "/forum",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou": {
"name": "Future of You",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou",
"slug": "futureofyou",
"link": "/futureofyou",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"jpepinheart": {
"name": "KQED food",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease",
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "jpepinheart",
"slug": "jpepinheart",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"liveblog": {
"name": "Live Blog",
"type": "terms",
"id": "liveblog",
"slug": "liveblog",
"link": "/liveblog",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"livetv": {
"name": "Live TV",
"parent": "tv",
"type": "terms",
"id": "livetv",
"slug": "livetv",
"link": "/livetv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"lowdown": {
"name": "The Lowdown",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/lowdown?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "lowdown",
"slug": "lowdown",
"link": "/lowdown",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"mindshift": {
"name": "Mindshift",
"parent": "news",
"description": "MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "mindshift",
"slug": "mindshift",
"link": "/mindshift",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news": {
"name": "News",
"grouping": [
"news",
"forum"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "news",
"slug": "news",
"link": "/news",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"newsletters": {
"name": "newsletters",
"type": "terms",
"id": "newsletters",
"slug": "newsletters",
"link": "/newsletters",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"perspectives": {
"name": "Perspectives",
"parent": "radio",
"type": "terms",
"id": "perspectives",
"slug": "perspectives",
"link": "/perspectives",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"podcasts": {
"name": "Podcasts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "podcasts",
"slug": "podcasts",
"link": "/podcasts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pop": {
"name": "Pop",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pop",
"slug": "pop",
"link": "/pop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pressroom": {
"name": "Pressroom",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pressroom",
"slug": "pressroom",
"link": "/pressroom",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest": {
"name": "Quest",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest",
"slug": "quest",
"link": "/quest",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"radio": {
"name": "Radio",
"grouping": [
"forum",
"perspectives"
],
"description": "Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "radio",
"slug": "radio",
"link": "/radio",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"root": {
"name": "KQED",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"imageWidth": 1200,
"imageHeight": 630,
"headData": {
"title": "KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California",
"description": "KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."
},
"type": "terms",
"id": "root",
"slug": "root",
"link": "/root",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science": {
"name": "Science",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"description": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "science",
"slug": "science",
"link": "/science",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"stateofhealth": {
"name": "State of Health",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "stateofhealth",
"slug": "stateofhealth",
"link": "/stateofhealth",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"support": {
"name": "Support",
"type": "terms",
"id": "support",
"slug": "support",
"link": "/support",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"thedolist": {
"name": "The Do List",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "thedolist",
"slug": "thedolist",
"link": "/thedolist",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"trulyca": {
"name": "Truly CA",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "trulyca",
"slug": "trulyca",
"link": "/trulyca",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"tv": {
"name": "TV",
"type": "terms",
"id": "tv",
"slug": "tv",
"link": "/tv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"voterguide": {
"name": "Voter Guide",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "voterguide",
"slug": "voterguide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"guiaelectoral": {
"name": "Guia Electoral",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "guiaelectoral",
"slug": "guiaelectoral",
"link": "/guiaelectoral",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news_program_bay-curious": {
"isLoading": true
},
"news_33523": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_33523",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "33523",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Bay Curious",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "program",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Bay Curious Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33540,
"slug": "bay-curious",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/program/bay-curious"
},
"source_news_11886636": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11886636",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "http://baycurious.org/",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11886536": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11886536",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11886317": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11886317",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11761468": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11761468",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11884520": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11884520",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Food",
"link": "/food/",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11883780": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11883780",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11882379": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11882379",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11881696": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11881696",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "http://baycurious.org/",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11880526": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11880526",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11879641": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11879641",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11879038": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11879038",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11879024": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11879024",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"news_34552": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_34552",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "34552",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "baycurious",
"slug": "baycurious",
"taxonomy": "program",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "baycurious | KQED News",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 34569,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/program/baycurious"
},
"news_28779": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_28779",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "28779",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "The Bay",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "program",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "The Bay is a daily news and culture program from KQED that covers the latest headlines, trends, and stories that matter to the Bay Area.",
"title": "The Bay Area Archives | KQED",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 28796,
"slug": "the-bay",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/program/the-bay"
},
"news_17986": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_17986",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "17986",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/BayCuriousLogoFinal01-e1493662037229.png",
"name": "Bay Curious",
"description": "\u003ch2>A podcast exploring the Bay Area one question at a time\u003c/h2>\r\n\r\n\u003caside>\r\n\u003cdiv style=\"width: 100%; padding-right: 20px;\">\r\n\r\nKQED’s \u003cstrong>Bay Curious\u003c/strong> gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.\r\n\u003cbr />\r\n\u003cspan class=\"alignleft\">\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1172473406\">\u003cimg width=\"75px\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/DownloadOniTunes_100x100.png\">\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/app/playmusic?ibi=com.google.PlayMusic&isi=691797987&ius=googleplaymusic&link=https://play.google.com/music/m/Ipi2mc5aqfen4nr2daayiziiyuy?t%3DBay_Curious\">\u003cimg width=\"75px\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Google_Play_100x100.png\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\r\n\u003c/aside> \r\n\u003ch2>What's your question?\u003c/h2>\r\n\u003cdiv id=\"huxq6\" class=\"curiosity-module\" data-pym-src=\"//modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/curiosity_modules/133\">\u003c/div>\r\n\u003cscript src=\"//assets.wearehearken.com/production/thirdparty/p.m.js\">\u003c/script>\r\n\u003ch2>Bay Curious monthly newsletter\u003c/h2>\r\nWe're launching it soon! \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdEtzbyNbSQkRHCCAkKhoGiAl3Bd0zWxhk0ZseJ1KH_o_ZDjQ/viewform\" target=\"_blank\">Sign up\u003c/a> so you don't miss it when it drops.\r\n",
"taxonomy": "series",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "A podcast exploring the Bay Area one question at a time KQED’s Bay Curious gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers. What's your question? Bay Curious monthly newsletter We're launching it soon! Sign up so you don't miss it when it drops.",
"title": "Bay Curious Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 18020,
"slug": "baycurious",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/series/baycurious"
},
"news_34165": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_34165",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "34165",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Climate",
"slug": "climate",
"taxonomy": "category",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED News",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 34182,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/climate"
},
"news_8": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_8",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "8",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 8,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/news"
},
"news_33520": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_33520",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "33520",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Podcast Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33537,
"slug": "podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/podcast"
},
"news_4092": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_4092",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "4092",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "agriculture",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "agriculture Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4111,
"slug": "agriculture-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/agriculture-2"
},
"news_19204": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_19204",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "19204",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 19221,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/climate"
},
"news_29387": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_29387",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "29387",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "megadrought",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "megadrought Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 29404,
"slug": "megadrought",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/megadrought"
},
"news_6739": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_6739",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "6739",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "State of Drought",
"description": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">California is in drought. Again. And the infrastructure used to sustain the state’s 40 million residents — and its $50 billion agriculture industry — hasn’t kept up with new climate patterns. Join the Bay Curious podcast as we explore new ways of thinking about water management and the future of our state.\u003c/p>",
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "California is in drought. Again. And the infrastructure used to sustain the state’s 40 million residents — and its $50 billion agriculture industry — hasn’t kept up with new climate patterns. Join the Bay Curious podcast as we explore new ways of thinking about water management and the future of our state.",
"title": "State of Drought Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 6763,
"slug": "state-of-drought",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/state-of-drought"
},
"news_356": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_356",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "356",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Science Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 364,
"slug": "science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/science"
},
"news_20447": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_20447",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "20447",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "California water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "California water Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 20464,
"slug": "california-water",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/california-water"
},
"news_19232": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_19232",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "19232",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "drinking water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "drinking water Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 19249,
"slug": "drinking-water",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/drinking-water"
},
"news_17601": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_17601",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "17601",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Drought",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Drought Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 17635,
"slug": "drought",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/drought"
},
"news_28199": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_28199",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "28199",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured-science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured-science Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 28216,
"slug": "featured-science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/featured-science"
},
"news_5892": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_5892",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "5892",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "groundwater",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "groundwater Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5916,
"slug": "groundwater",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/groundwater"
},
"news_464": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_464",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "464",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "reservoirs",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "reservoirs Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 473,
"slug": "reservoirs",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/reservoirs"
},
"news_223": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_223",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "223",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Arts and Culture",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Arts and Culture Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 231,
"slug": "arts-and-culture",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/arts-and-culture"
},
"news_24114": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_24114",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "24114",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Food",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Food Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 24131,
"slug": "food",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/food"
},
"news_24312": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_24312",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "24312",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Bay Area Food",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Bay Area Food Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 24329,
"slug": "bay-area-food",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/bay-area-food"
},
"news_18426": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_18426",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "18426",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Bay Curious",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Bay Curious Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 18460,
"slug": "bay-curious",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/bay-curious"
},
"news_24374": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_24374",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "24374",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Bay Curious featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Bay Curious featured Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 24391,
"slug": "bay-curious-featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/bay-curious-featured"
},
"news_333": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_333",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "333",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Food",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Food Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 341,
"slug": "food",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/food"
},
"news_13": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_13",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "13",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Politics",
"slug": "politics",
"taxonomy": "category",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Politics | KQED News",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 13,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/politics"
},
"news_18538": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_18538",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "18538",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "California",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "California Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 31,
"slug": "california",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/california"
},
"news_29465": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_29465",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "29465",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "california recall",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "california recall Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 29482,
"slug": "california-recall",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/california-recall"
},
"news_27626": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_27626",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "27626",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured-news",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured-news Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 27643,
"slug": "featured-news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/featured-news"
},
"news_16": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_16",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "16",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Gavin Newsom",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Gavin Newsom Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 16,
"slug": "gavin-newsom",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/gavin-newsom"
},
"news_28988": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_28988",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "28988",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Newsom Recall",
"description": "KQED's coverage of the 2021 recall election.",
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "KQED's coverage of the 2021 recall election.",
"title": "Newsom Recall Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 29005,
"slug": "newsom-recall",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/newsom-recall"
},
"news_17968": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_17968",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "17968",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Politics",
"slug": "politics",
"taxonomy": "tag",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Politics | KQED News",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 18002,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/politics"
},
"news_29647": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_29647",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "29647",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Recall election",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Recall election Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 29664,
"slug": "recall-election",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/recall-election"
},
"news_2027": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_2027",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "2027",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "voting",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "voting Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2042,
"slug": "voting",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/voting"
},
"news_2567": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_2567",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "2567",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Daly City",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Daly City Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2582,
"slug": "daly-city",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/daly-city"
},
"news_5056": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_5056",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "5056",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Filipino Americans",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Filipino Americans Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5077,
"slug": "filipino-americans",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/filipino-americans"
},
"news_701": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_701",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "701",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "movies",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "movies Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 710,
"slug": "movies",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/movies"
},
"news_28250": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_28250",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "28250",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Local",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Local Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 28267,
"slug": "local",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/local"
},
"news_1397": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_1397",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "1397",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Transportation",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Transportation Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1409,
"slug": "transportation",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/transportation"
},
"news_17657": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_17657",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "17657",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "architecture",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "architecture Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 17691,
"slug": "architecture",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/architecture"
},
"news_19133": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_19133",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "19133",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Arts",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Arts Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 19150,
"slug": "arts",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/arts"
},
"news_26456": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_26456",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "26456",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Bay Curious Feature",
"slug": "bay-curious-feature",
"taxonomy": "tag",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Bay Curious Feature | KQED News",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null,
"metaRobotsNoIndex": "noindex"
},
"ttid": 26473,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/bay-curious-feature"
},
"news_18477": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_18477",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "18477",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "hip-hop",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "hip-hop Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 18511,
"slug": "hip-hop",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/hip-hop"
},
"news_1425": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_1425",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "1425",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "music",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "music Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1437,
"slug": "music",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/music"
},
"news_3631": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_3631",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "3631",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Bay Area History",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Bay Area History Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3649,
"slug": "bay-area-history",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/bay-area-history"
},
"news_21733": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_21733",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "21733",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Ohlone",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Ohlone Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 21750,
"slug": "ohlone",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/ohlone"
},
"news_3187": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_3187",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "3187",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "science Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3205,
"slug": "science-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/science-2"
},
"news_34369": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_34369",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "34369",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Reparations",
"slug": "reparations",
"taxonomy": "series",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Reparations Archives | KQED News",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 34386,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/series/reparations"
},
"news_19906": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_19906",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "19906",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Environment Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 19923,
"slug": "environment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/environment"
},
"news_457": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_457",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "457",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Health Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 16998,
"slug": "health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/health"
},
"news_2036": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_2036",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "2036",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "air pollution",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "air pollution Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2051,
"slug": "air-pollution",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/air-pollution"
},
"news_18145": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_18145",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "18145",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "asthma",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "asthma Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 18179,
"slug": "asthma",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/asthma"
},
"news_30652": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_30652",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "30652",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "california-reparations",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "california-reparations Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 30669,
"slug": "california-reparations",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/california-reparations"
},
"news_18299": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_18299",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "18299",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "environmental justice",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "environmental justice Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 18333,
"slug": "environmental-justice",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/environmental-justice"
},
"news_18543": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_18543",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "18543",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Health Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 466,
"slug": "health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/health"
},
"news_20517": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_20517",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "20517",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "transportation",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "transportation Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 20534,
"slug": "transportation",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/transportation"
},
"news_4731": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_4731",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "4731",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Theater",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Theater Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4750,
"slug": "theater",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/theater"
},
"news_6200": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_6200",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "6200",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Mills College",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Mills College Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 6224,
"slug": "mills-college",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/mills-college"
},
"news_4142": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_4142",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "4142",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "musicians",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "musicians Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4161,
"slug": "musicians",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/musicians"
}
},
"userPermissionsReducer": {
"wpLoggedIn": false
},
"eventsReducer": {},
"fssReducer": {},
"tvDailyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer": {},
"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer": {},
"userAccountReducer": {
"user": {
"email": null,
"emailStatus": "EMAIL_UNVALIDATED",
"loggedStatus": "LOGGED_OUT",
"loggingChecked": false,
"articles": [],
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"phoneNumber": null,
"fetchingMembership": false,
"membershipError": false,
"memberships": [
{
"id": null,
"startDate": null,
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"familyNumber": null,
"memberNumber": null,
"memberSince": null,
"expirationDate": null,
"pfsEligible": false,
"isSustaining": false,
"membershipLevel": "Prospect",
"membershipStatus": "Non Member",
"lastGiftDate": null,
"renewalDate": null,
"lastDonationAmount": null
}
]
},
"authModal": {
"isOpen": false,
"view": "LANDING_VIEW"
},
"error": null
},
"youthMediaReducer": {},
"checkPleaseReducer": {
"filterData": {
"region": {
"key": "Restaurant Region",
"filters": [
"Any Region"
]
},
"cuisine": {
"key": "Restaurant Cuisine",
"filters": [
"Any Cuisine"
]
}
},
"restaurantDataById": {},
"restaurantIdsSorted": [],
"error": null
},
"userAgentReducer": {
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)",
"isBot": true
}
}
