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"content": "\u003cp>A sawmill worker discovers gold along the American River near Sacramento in 1848. Soon more than 300,000 people rush to California, eager to take big risks in the hopes of getting rich quick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This founding myth enshrines risk-taking as a key part of the California Dream. Most miners did not find great wealth. But the Gold Rush shaped California’s early economy, putting it on a path to becoming the world’s sixth largest today. And that acceptance of failure continues to attract the kind of entrepreneurs who keep the state’s economy growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea that failure could be almost a prerequisite for success — you had to be willing to take those risks — sank roots very early in the California consciousness,” says \u003ca href=\"http://www.hwbrands.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">H.W. Brands\u003c/a>, a University of Texas at Austin historian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until then, Americans tended to see success and failure as a sign of character, according to Brands. “If one failed in the East, one had to look inside to ask, ‘What’s wrong with me?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those early California miners looked at success and failure differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One prospector reached into a stream and pulled up a precious gold nugget. Another reached into the same stream and pulled up a worthless rock. The one who failed to get rich saw the other’s success as little more than luck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I think that attitude toward risk is probably more distinctive in California than just about anywhere else in the United States,” says Brands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UsAhVTShKbA&w=560&h=315]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He argues this Gold Rush mentality runs through California’s history. It helps establish an entertainment industry in Hollywood that today contributes $90 billion in annual economic output to Los Angeles County, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.otis.edu/otis-report-creative-economy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2017 Otis Report on the Creative Economy.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An appetite for risk also fueled the growth of Silicon Valley, turning California transplants like Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerberg, Oracle co-founder Larry Ellison and Elon Musk — CEO of SpaceX and Tesla — into billionaires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to be willing to crash and burn,” the late Apple CEO Steve Jobs once said in an interview with the Silicon Valley Historical Association. “If you’re afraid of failing, you won’t get very far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkTf0LmDqKI&w=560&h=315]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, California has seen plenty of high-profile failures. Prominent companies like San Francisco’s Pets.com flamed out quickly when the dotcom bubble burst in the early 2000s. Silicon Valley \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/regional_reports/200908_silicon_valley_high_tech.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lost more than 85,000 high tech jobs\u003c/a> in the years that followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for every California success story — think Uber, YouTube or Twitter — there’s a competitor that failed to keep up, like Sidecar, Vidme or App.net.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That graveyard of failure has not deterred a new crop of startup founders from choosing to take their risks in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One recently settled into a former rave warehouse in downtown Los Angeles. The blacklight paint and dungeon doors don’t exactly scream “office environment,” but Joe Fernandez says it’s the perfect home for his startup, \u003ca href=\"https://www.joymode.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joymode\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was actually the only place we looked at,” Fernandez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joymode rents fun stuff to people who would rather not own it. The company’s warehouse shelves are stocked with everything from camping gear to movie projectors to giant Jenga blocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11655101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11655101\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Joe Fernandez stands next to a giant Connect Four set in his company’s downtown Los Angeles warehouse. The Joymode co-founder says, among his customers, “Pretty much anything you can get giant versions of is really popular.” Feb. 5, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joe Fernandez stands next to a giant Connect Four set in his company’s downtown Los Angeles warehouse. The Joymode co-founder says, among his customers, “Pretty much anything you can get giant versions of is really popular.” Feb. 5, 2018. \u003ccite>(DAVID WAGNER/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Joymode, which has about 40 employees, recently raised $14.4 million in a funding round led by South Africa-based tech investor Naspers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez grew up in Las Vegas and went to college in Miami. But he says he always wanted to get to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wanted to be an entrepreneur. I wanted to build big things. And it was almost inconceivable to me that you could do that anywhere but California,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez originally tried to grow his previous company — the social media influence tracking app Klout — in New York. He says he felt more pressure there to turn a profit fast, to climb to the top and never fall down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He moved Klout to San Francisco in 2009, primarily to be closer to social media giants Twitter and Facebook. But he says California also just felt like a better place to take a risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In California it was like, anybody could show up, make something crazy, build something important and change the world,” Fernandez. “And if they fail 10 times doing that, that’s OK too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, Lithium Technologies bought Klout for $200 million. Fernandez decided San Francisco wasn’t the right fit for his next company, but he wanted to stay in California. So he launched Joymode in Los Angeles in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re doing with Joymode is, we’re trying to challenge the notion of ownership,” Fernandez said. “That’s a really audacious, crazy, likely-to-fail idea. And I think this is the only place you could do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The numbers show that Fernandez’s risk-taking is common here. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kauffman.org/kauffman-index/rankings?report=startup-activity&indicator=se-rate&type=larger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kauffman Index\u003c/a>, one long-running measure of American entrepreneurship, puts California first among larger states — ahead of Texas and Florida — when it comes to the percentage of residents starting companies in a given month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California companies in various industries like software, biotech and entertainment raised nearly $35 billion in venture capital in 2017. That’s by far the largest dollar amount of any state. The Milken Institute’s Kevin Klowden also notes that California \u003ca href=\"http://assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Publication/ResearchReport/PDF/State-Technology-and-Science-Index-2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">leads the country\u003c/a> when venture capital investment is broken down as a percent of a state’s overall GDP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are more chances being taken per capita in California in terms of the kinds of investments being done than any other state,” Klowden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11655098\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-800x506.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-800x506.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-160x101.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-1020x645.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-1180x747.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-960x608.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-240x152.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-375x237.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-520x329.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No state has a higher rate of new companies starting up and older companies failing, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www2.itif.org/2017-state-new-economy-index.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a recent report\u003c/a> from the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). Bureau of Labor Statistics data from 2014 and 2015 shows that about 22.3 percent of companies in California are either newly starting up or going out of business each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That many companies going out of business may not sound great for job creation. But ITIF president Rob Atkinson says this “business churn” is actually good for a state’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at all 50 states, the states that were losing businesses actually had a higher rate of job growth,” Atkinson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because newer, more innovative companies are stepping in to take their place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2017/business-dynamics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Census finds\u003c/a> that while companies less than 6 years old only account for 11 percent of overall national employment, they’re responsible for 27 percent of job creation. Meanwhile, companies more than 25 years old account for 62 percent of employment but just 48 percent of new jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joymode CEO Joe Fernandez says California is not perfect. Taxes are high. So is the cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, “It’s hard to imagine leaving California. Yes, there’s more people. Yes, it’s more competitive. But there’s also more energy, and there’s also more opportunity. And to me that feels well worth the benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A sawmill worker discovers gold along the American River near Sacramento in 1848. Soon more than 300,000 people rush to California, eager to take big risks in the hopes of getting rich quick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This founding myth enshrines risk-taking as a key part of the California Dream. Most miners did not find great wealth. But the Gold Rush shaped California’s early economy, putting it on a path to becoming the world’s sixth largest today. And that acceptance of failure continues to attract the kind of entrepreneurs who keep the state’s economy growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea that failure could be almost a prerequisite for success — you had to be willing to take those risks — sank roots very early in the California consciousness,” says \u003ca href=\"http://www.hwbrands.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">H.W. Brands\u003c/a>, a University of Texas at Austin historian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until then, Americans tended to see success and failure as a sign of character, according to Brands. “If one failed in the East, one had to look inside to ask, ‘What’s wrong with me?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those early California miners looked at success and failure differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One prospector reached into a stream and pulled up a precious gold nugget. Another reached into the same stream and pulled up a worthless rock. The one who failed to get rich saw the other’s success as little more than luck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I think that attitude toward risk is probably more distinctive in California than just about anywhere else in the United States,” says Brands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/UsAhVTShKbA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/UsAhVTShKbA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He argues this Gold Rush mentality runs through California’s history. It helps establish an entertainment industry in Hollywood that today contributes $90 billion in annual economic output to Los Angeles County, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.otis.edu/otis-report-creative-economy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2017 Otis Report on the Creative Economy.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An appetite for risk also fueled the growth of Silicon Valley, turning California transplants like Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerberg, Oracle co-founder Larry Ellison and Elon Musk — CEO of SpaceX and Tesla — into billionaires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to be willing to crash and burn,” the late Apple CEO Steve Jobs once said in an interview with the Silicon Valley Historical Association. “If you’re afraid of failing, you won’t get very far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/zkTf0LmDqKI'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/zkTf0LmDqKI'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, California has seen plenty of high-profile failures. Prominent companies like San Francisco’s Pets.com flamed out quickly when the dotcom bubble burst in the early 2000s. Silicon Valley \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/regional_reports/200908_silicon_valley_high_tech.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lost more than 85,000 high tech jobs\u003c/a> in the years that followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for every California success story — think Uber, YouTube or Twitter — there’s a competitor that failed to keep up, like Sidecar, Vidme or App.net.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That graveyard of failure has not deterred a new crop of startup founders from choosing to take their risks in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One recently settled into a former rave warehouse in downtown Los Angeles. The blacklight paint and dungeon doors don’t exactly scream “office environment,” but Joe Fernandez says it’s the perfect home for his startup, \u003ca href=\"https://www.joymode.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joymode\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was actually the only place we looked at,” Fernandez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joymode rents fun stuff to people who would rather not own it. The company’s warehouse shelves are stocked with everything from camping gear to movie projectors to giant Jenga blocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11655101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11655101\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Joe Fernandez stands next to a giant Connect Four set in his company’s downtown Los Angeles warehouse. The Joymode co-founder says, among his customers, “Pretty much anything you can get giant versions of is really popular.” Feb. 5, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Joymode-photo-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joe Fernandez stands next to a giant Connect Four set in his company’s downtown Los Angeles warehouse. The Joymode co-founder says, among his customers, “Pretty much anything you can get giant versions of is really popular.” Feb. 5, 2018. \u003ccite>(DAVID WAGNER/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Joymode, which has about 40 employees, recently raised $14.4 million in a funding round led by South Africa-based tech investor Naspers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez grew up in Las Vegas and went to college in Miami. But he says he always wanted to get to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wanted to be an entrepreneur. I wanted to build big things. And it was almost inconceivable to me that you could do that anywhere but California,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez originally tried to grow his previous company — the social media influence tracking app Klout — in New York. He says he felt more pressure there to turn a profit fast, to climb to the top and never fall down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He moved Klout to San Francisco in 2009, primarily to be closer to social media giants Twitter and Facebook. But he says California also just felt like a better place to take a risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In California it was like, anybody could show up, make something crazy, build something important and change the world,” Fernandez. “And if they fail 10 times doing that, that’s OK too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, Lithium Technologies bought Klout for $200 million. Fernandez decided San Francisco wasn’t the right fit for his next company, but he wanted to stay in California. So he launched Joymode in Los Angeles in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re doing with Joymode is, we’re trying to challenge the notion of ownership,” Fernandez said. “That’s a really audacious, crazy, likely-to-fail idea. And I think this is the only place you could do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The numbers show that Fernandez’s risk-taking is common here. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kauffman.org/kauffman-index/rankings?report=startup-activity&indicator=se-rate&type=larger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kauffman Index\u003c/a>, one long-running measure of American entrepreneurship, puts California first among larger states — ahead of Texas and Florida — when it comes to the percentage of residents starting companies in a given month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California companies in various industries like software, biotech and entertainment raised nearly $35 billion in venture capital in 2017. That’s by far the largest dollar amount of any state. The Milken Institute’s Kevin Klowden also notes that California \u003ca href=\"http://assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Publication/ResearchReport/PDF/State-Technology-and-Science-Index-2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">leads the country\u003c/a> when venture capital investment is broken down as a percent of a state’s overall GDP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are more chances being taken per capita in California in terms of the kinds of investments being done than any other state,” Klowden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11655098\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-800x506.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-800x506.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-160x101.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-1020x645.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-1180x747.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-960x608.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-240x152.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-375x237.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart-520x329.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Top-economies-chart.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No state has a higher rate of new companies starting up and older companies failing, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www2.itif.org/2017-state-new-economy-index.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a recent report\u003c/a> from the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). Bureau of Labor Statistics data from 2014 and 2015 shows that about 22.3 percent of companies in California are either newly starting up or going out of business each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That many companies going out of business may not sound great for job creation. But ITIF president Rob Atkinson says this “business churn” is actually good for a state’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at all 50 states, the states that were losing businesses actually had a higher rate of job growth,” Atkinson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because newer, more innovative companies are stepping in to take their place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2017/business-dynamics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Census finds\u003c/a> that while companies less than 6 years old only account for 11 percent of overall national employment, they’re responsible for 27 percent of job creation. Meanwhile, companies more than 25 years old account for 62 percent of employment but just 48 percent of new jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joymode CEO Joe Fernandez says California is not perfect. Taxes are high. So is the cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, “It’s hard to imagine leaving California. Yes, there’s more people. Yes, it’s more competitive. But there’s also more energy, and there’s also more opportunity. And to me that feels well worth the benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "for-the-middle-class-the-california-dream-has-become-a-california-joke",
"title": "For the Middle Class, the California Dream Has Become a California Joke",
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"headTitle": "For the Middle Class, the California Dream Has Become a California Joke | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s lush coastline, balmy climate and post-World War II economic promise made it an easy sell as America’s middle-class paradise in the 1950s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California Dream of two or three generations ago was, ‘I’m going to move from a place that’s cold and flat to a place where there’s lots of opportunity,’” said Joel Kotkin, a presidential fellow in Urban Futures at Chapman University in Orange. “’I’ll get a job in an aerospace factory, in an oil company. I’ll buy a house with a pool. I’ll die and go to heaven. And I’ll do it all in good weather.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the weather remains. But access to the California Dream is being choked off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stratospheric housing costs, the exit of key companies and the failure to replace the jobs that left with them have downsized the state’s middle class.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We could keep up, but we could never get ahead’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since 1970, California’s share of the middle class fell from 60 percent to just over half the population. That trend almost mirrors patterns across the country. The number of middle-income Americans slipped from 61 percent in 1971 to 50 percent in 2015, according to the Pew Research Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, some have risen to the upper class and others have slid down. And some have \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailynews.com/2017/07/07/is-california-anti-family-joel-kotkin-and-wendell-cox/\">left the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The key group leaving is basically in their 30s, 40s and 50s tending to be making about $100,000 to $200,000 a year,” Kotkin said, citing Internal Revenue Service data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 2007 and 2016, \u003ca href=\"http://lao.ca.gov/LAOEconTax/Article/Detail/265\">California lost 1 million more domestic residents than have come into the state,\u003c/a> according to the IRS. Many are moving to Texas, Arizona, Nevada and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California opened their doors and basically kicked us out,” Kelly Rudiger said. “We couldn’t afford to live there with almost half of our income paying for our housing, our property taxes, our utilities. So my husband and I, both being full-time employees, we could keep up but we could never get ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rudiger and her husband, Tony, moved their two children to Texas last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We sold an 1,800-square-foot home in San Diego and now live in a 4,000-square-foot home and are still paying less on our mortgage,” Rudiger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said her middle-class income goes a lot further in Texas than in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11654647\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11654647\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-800x1177.jpg\" alt=\"The Rudiger family: Tony, back left; Kelly, back right; and their children Renae and Branden Bingham -- moved to Texas in 2017 because San Diego was no longer affordable for their middle-income family.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1177\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-160x235.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-240x353.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-375x552.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-520x765.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rudiger family: Tony, back left; Kelly, back right; and their children — Renae and Branden Bingham — moved to Texas in 2017 because San Diego was no longer affordable for their middle-income family. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Kelly Rudiger)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Public Policy Institute of California classifies middle-income earners as those making between $49,716 and $174,006, based on 2017 calculations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotkin said California families used to pay three times their income for a home in 1970. Sometime over the next decade it changed, and now that figure has jumped to as high as 10 times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Who has got that kind of money?” asked Kotkin. “Where I live, all the older people keep complaining, `My kids keep visiting me just waiting for me to drop dead so they can have the house.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Brownell, research director at San Diego’s Center on Policy Initiatives, said the inability of California’s middle class to afford homes exposes a vulnerability in the state’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though as a whole, our economy is successful in terms of what it’s producing and the amount of wealth it’s producing, we’re not seeing that translate into incomes that will support families here in San Diego and across California,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he believes that is not economically sustainable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people have stable, middle-class incomes, it means they have money in their pocket to consume all kinds of goods, whether that’s purchasing housing, buying new clothes, buying cars, buying refrigerators,” Brownell said. “Our economy is driven by consumer spending.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotkin said California’s middle class started to dwindle when the Cold War ended in the 1990s, devastating the state’s aerospace industry. California has lost 280,000 aerospace jobs over the last 30 years, according to the book “Blue Sky Metropolis: The Aerospace Century in Southern California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotkin said real estate and construction jobs also went away. More recently, jobs in the business sector have taken a hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Toyota, Occidental Petroleum, Nissan, companies that employed a large number of middle-class people, are going,” Kotkin said. “These were companies that had a lot of good paying jobs — $80,000, $100,000, $120,000 — enough to support a middle-class lifestyle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he said many companies that remain are not expanding because of California’s land, energy, housing and regulatory costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center on Policy Initiative’s Brownell said the companies that are expanding are contributing to the state’s income inequality.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream\">Explore the California Dream Series\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/interstate-1920x1080-tight-crop.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Here in California, we’ve had great success in creating highly skilled, high-paying jobs — in the tech industry in Silicon Valley and in San Diego the biotech industry,” Brownell said. “A lot of those really successful and well-paying industries have built into them a structural demand for low-wage work as well, the nannies, the restaurant workers and the dry cleaners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brownell said it is important to note that even people earning more than workers in low-wage jobs\u003ca href=\"https://www.cpisandiego.org/lack-of-hours-hits-minimum-wage-increase/\"> are struggling to survive.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sharon Mintz runs a floral arrangement business in San Diego. She said she offers free meals to her employees and has increased their pay from $15 to $20 an hour over the past few years but still cannot hold onto them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It works and then the rent goes up,” Mintz said. “And then we offer a little bit more and then groceries go up. It feels like we’re always trying to catch up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brownell said a middle-class revival lies in the hands of government, strong unions and companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said policymakers need to encourage the creation of quality jobs in the state. Unions set standards for wage and working conditions. And Brownell said companies with healthy profits should pay their employees more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more prosperous a company becomes, the more of an obligation it has to share its success across the company,” Brownell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without any fixes, Kotkin said California is headed away from the enchantment of the 1950s toward a more primitive time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, we have a society which over time is becoming more and more feudal with the very rich, very successful — some of the richest people in the history of the world — at the very top, and then a diminishing middle class,” Kotkin said. “And what’s more frightening is you have young people, some of them with college educations, working at Uber, working at Starbucks, essentially barely making it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California’s $2.75 trillion economy makes it the world’s sixth largest. But that impressive ranking disguises an economic fault line: The decline of the middle class.",
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"title": "For the Middle Class, the California Dream Has Become a California Joke | KQED",
"description": "California’s $2.75 trillion economy makes it the world’s sixth largest. But that impressive ranking disguises an economic fault line: The decline of the middle class.",
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"headline": "For the Middle Class, the California Dream Has Become a California Joke",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/staff/amita-sharma/\">Amita Sharma\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s lush coastline, balmy climate and post-World War II economic promise made it an easy sell as America’s middle-class paradise in the 1950s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California Dream of two or three generations ago was, ‘I’m going to move from a place that’s cold and flat to a place where there’s lots of opportunity,’” said Joel Kotkin, a presidential fellow in Urban Futures at Chapman University in Orange. “’I’ll get a job in an aerospace factory, in an oil company. I’ll buy a house with a pool. I’ll die and go to heaven. And I’ll do it all in good weather.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the weather remains. But access to the California Dream is being choked off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stratospheric housing costs, the exit of key companies and the failure to replace the jobs that left with them have downsized the state’s middle class.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We could keep up, but we could never get ahead’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since 1970, California’s share of the middle class fell from 60 percent to just over half the population. That trend almost mirrors patterns across the country. The number of middle-income Americans slipped from 61 percent in 1971 to 50 percent in 2015, according to the Pew Research Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, some have risen to the upper class and others have slid down. And some have \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailynews.com/2017/07/07/is-california-anti-family-joel-kotkin-and-wendell-cox/\">left the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The key group leaving is basically in their 30s, 40s and 50s tending to be making about $100,000 to $200,000 a year,” Kotkin said, citing Internal Revenue Service data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 2007 and 2016, \u003ca href=\"http://lao.ca.gov/LAOEconTax/Article/Detail/265\">California lost 1 million more domestic residents than have come into the state,\u003c/a> according to the IRS. Many are moving to Texas, Arizona, Nevada and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California opened their doors and basically kicked us out,” Kelly Rudiger said. “We couldn’t afford to live there with almost half of our income paying for our housing, our property taxes, our utilities. So my husband and I, both being full-time employees, we could keep up but we could never get ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rudiger and her husband, Tony, moved their two children to Texas last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We sold an 1,800-square-foot home in San Diego and now live in a 4,000-square-foot home and are still paying less on our mortgage,” Rudiger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said her middle-class income goes a lot further in Texas than in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11654647\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11654647\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-800x1177.jpg\" alt=\"The Rudiger family: Tony, back left; Kelly, back right; and their children Renae and Branden Bingham -- moved to Texas in 2017 because San Diego was no longer affordable for their middle-income family.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1177\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-160x235.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-240x353.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-375x552.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Rudiger800-520x765.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rudiger family: Tony, back left; Kelly, back right; and their children — Renae and Branden Bingham — moved to Texas in 2017 because San Diego was no longer affordable for their middle-income family. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Kelly Rudiger)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Public Policy Institute of California classifies middle-income earners as those making between $49,716 and $174,006, based on 2017 calculations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotkin said California families used to pay three times their income for a home in 1970. Sometime over the next decade it changed, and now that figure has jumped to as high as 10 times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Who has got that kind of money?” asked Kotkin. “Where I live, all the older people keep complaining, `My kids keep visiting me just waiting for me to drop dead so they can have the house.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Brownell, research director at San Diego’s Center on Policy Initiatives, said the inability of California’s middle class to afford homes exposes a vulnerability in the state’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though as a whole, our economy is successful in terms of what it’s producing and the amount of wealth it’s producing, we’re not seeing that translate into incomes that will support families here in San Diego and across California,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he believes that is not economically sustainable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people have stable, middle-class incomes, it means they have money in their pocket to consume all kinds of goods, whether that’s purchasing housing, buying new clothes, buying cars, buying refrigerators,” Brownell said. “Our economy is driven by consumer spending.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotkin said California’s middle class started to dwindle when the Cold War ended in the 1990s, devastating the state’s aerospace industry. California has lost 280,000 aerospace jobs over the last 30 years, according to the book “Blue Sky Metropolis: The Aerospace Century in Southern California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kotkin said real estate and construction jobs also went away. More recently, jobs in the business sector have taken a hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Toyota, Occidental Petroleum, Nissan, companies that employed a large number of middle-class people, are going,” Kotkin said. “These were companies that had a lot of good paying jobs — $80,000, $100,000, $120,000 — enough to support a middle-class lifestyle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he said many companies that remain are not expanding because of California’s land, energy, housing and regulatory costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center on Policy Initiative’s Brownell said the companies that are expanding are contributing to the state’s income inequality.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream\">Explore the California Dream Series\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/interstate-1920x1080-tight-crop.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Here in California, we’ve had great success in creating highly skilled, high-paying jobs — in the tech industry in Silicon Valley and in San Diego the biotech industry,” Brownell said. “A lot of those really successful and well-paying industries have built into them a structural demand for low-wage work as well, the nannies, the restaurant workers and the dry cleaners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brownell said it is important to note that even people earning more than workers in low-wage jobs\u003ca href=\"https://www.cpisandiego.org/lack-of-hours-hits-minimum-wage-increase/\"> are struggling to survive.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sharon Mintz runs a floral arrangement business in San Diego. She said she offers free meals to her employees and has increased their pay from $15 to $20 an hour over the past few years but still cannot hold onto them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It works and then the rent goes up,” Mintz said. “And then we offer a little bit more and then groceries go up. It feels like we’re always trying to catch up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brownell said a middle-class revival lies in the hands of government, strong unions and companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said policymakers need to encourage the creation of quality jobs in the state. Unions set standards for wage and working conditions. And Brownell said companies with healthy profits should pay their employees more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more prosperous a company becomes, the more of an obligation it has to share its success across the company,” Brownell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without any fixes, Kotkin said California is headed away from the enchantment of the 1950s toward a more primitive time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, we have a society which over time is becoming more and more feudal with the very rich, very successful — some of the richest people in the history of the world — at the very top, and then a diminishing middle class,” Kotkin said. “And what’s more frightening is you have young people, some of them with college educations, working at Uber, working at Starbucks, essentially barely making it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Researcher Says 'Criticism Is Valid,' Will Revise Study Finding Low Uber and Lyft Pay",
"title": "Researcher Says 'Criticism Is Valid,' Will Revise Study Finding Low Uber and Lyft Pay",
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"content": "\u003cp>A researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology says he's revising a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11653352/uber-lyft-drivers-earning-a-median-profit-of-3-37-per-hour-study-says\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study he co-authored\u003c/a> after admitting that \"criticism is valid\" of initial findings that Uber and Lyft drivers are making a median pretax profit of $3.37 an hour and a vast majority are making less than minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber said the working paper had \"a major error in the authors' methodology.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using one new method of calculating the median profit that incorporates Uber's criticism, the figure \"rises to $8.55/hour from the $3.37 initially reported,\" lead author \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/StephenZoepf/status/970754550968676352\">Stephen Zoepf wrote in a statement\u003c/a> posted to Twitter on Monday. And using another alternate method, the median profit goes up to $10 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In each new calculation method a significant percentage of drivers are still earning less than minimum wage in their state -- 54 percent in the first case or 41 percent in the second case, according to Zoepf. That is down from 74 percent of drivers the researchers originally said were making less than minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new results significantly change the percentage of drivers who are losing money by driving. The MIT authors originally said 30 percent of drivers were losing money after taking into account vehicle expenses. Now, Zoepf says that number is either 8 percent or 4 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The MIT study was based on a survey of more than 1,100 drivers who answered questions, including how much money they made and how many miles they drove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber Chief Economist Jonathan Hall \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/uber-under-the-hood/an-analysis-of-ceeprs-paper-on-the-economics-of-ride-hailing-1c8bfbf1081d\">wrote in a blog post\u003c/a> on March 2 that ways the authors interpreted answers to certain questions from the survey have \"inconsistent logic\" pertaining to how income is calculated from driving versus other sources of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This inconsistency leads to flawed methodology that results in hourly earnings numbers that are far, far below what any previous study has found,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyft says the study, even after adjustments, \"continues to understate driver earnings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"S3gpEV9POnfGXBoEzuy8OcjBmZMWhtgt\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When an academic study changes so dramatically in just a matter of days, that's a real flag,\" Lyft Director of Communications Adrian Durbin says in an email to NPR. \"While the revised results are not as inaccurate as the original findings, driver earnings are still understated. MIT's study has fundamental methodology problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber's Hall points to a different paper published in January by \u003ca href=\"https://web.stanford.edu/~diamondr/UberPayGap.pdf\">researchers from Stanford University,\u003c/a> who said hourly gross pay for all drivers in the U.S. averaged $21.07 an hour from January 2015 to March 2017. He also noted a 2017 survey by the website \u003ca href=\"https://therideshareguy.com/rsg-2017-survey-results-driver-earnings-satisfaction-and-demographics/\">The Rideshare Guy,\u003c/a> which said Uber drivers gross an average of $15.68 an hour and Lyft drivers $17.50 per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Stanford and Rideshare Guy estimates, however, are before expenses — like gas and vehicle maintenance — are taken into account. Stanford researchers say they also did not account for Uber's service fee. And none of these studies compare earnings by region, even though variations from city to city are significant. (For instance, San Francisco drivers see much higher demand, and therefore higher average hourly rates, than many Midwestern cities.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/03/HarnettUberLyft.mp3\" title=\"The Human Cost of Uber and Lyft: Life in the Dying Taxi Industry\" program=\"The California Report\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Mark-1-e1519088151805-1180x885.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIT's study differs from those by attempting to take many expenses into account. It's also the median income — not the average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zoepf said he made \"an assumption about revenue ... in the absence of public ride-hailing data and a paucity of independent studies outside Uber's own analyses.\" In his statement he asked Uber to \" [h]elp make an open, honest and public assessment of the range of ride-hailing driver profit \u003cem>after\u003c/em> the cost of acquiring, operating and maintaining a vehicle\" and \"[t]ransparently present the difference between actual and tax-reportable expenses used in the business.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he would be \"conducting a thorough revision of the paper,\" which will take \"a few weeks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/02/590168381/uber-lyft-drivers-earning-a-median-profit-of-3-37-per-hour-study-says\">The Two-Way reported last week,\u003c/a> Uber and Lyft both have high amounts of driver turnover and have fought \"legal battles for years against initiatives to classify their drivers as 'employees' instead of 'independent contractors' — meaning drivers don't receive benefits like health care or sick leave.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Researcher+Says+%27Criticism+Is+Valid%2C%27+Will+Revise+Study+Finding+Low+Uber+And+Lyft+Pay&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "MIT researchers initially said Uber and Lyft drivers were earning a median profit of $3.37 an hour. After Uber criticized the methodology, a co-author says it could actually be $8.55 to $10 an hour.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology says he's revising a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11653352/uber-lyft-drivers-earning-a-median-profit-of-3-37-per-hour-study-says\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study he co-authored\u003c/a> after admitting that \"criticism is valid\" of initial findings that Uber and Lyft drivers are making a median pretax profit of $3.37 an hour and a vast majority are making less than minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber said the working paper had \"a major error in the authors' methodology.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using one new method of calculating the median profit that incorporates Uber's criticism, the figure \"rises to $8.55/hour from the $3.37 initially reported,\" lead author \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/StephenZoepf/status/970754550968676352\">Stephen Zoepf wrote in a statement\u003c/a> posted to Twitter on Monday. And using another alternate method, the median profit goes up to $10 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In each new calculation method a significant percentage of drivers are still earning less than minimum wage in their state -- 54 percent in the first case or 41 percent in the second case, according to Zoepf. That is down from 74 percent of drivers the researchers originally said were making less than minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new results significantly change the percentage of drivers who are losing money by driving. The MIT authors originally said 30 percent of drivers were losing money after taking into account vehicle expenses. Now, Zoepf says that number is either 8 percent or 4 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The MIT study was based on a survey of more than 1,100 drivers who answered questions, including how much money they made and how many miles they drove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber Chief Economist Jonathan Hall \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/uber-under-the-hood/an-analysis-of-ceeprs-paper-on-the-economics-of-ride-hailing-1c8bfbf1081d\">wrote in a blog post\u003c/a> on March 2 that ways the authors interpreted answers to certain questions from the survey have \"inconsistent logic\" pertaining to how income is calculated from driving versus other sources of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This inconsistency leads to flawed methodology that results in hourly earnings numbers that are far, far below what any previous study has found,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyft says the study, even after adjustments, \"continues to understate driver earnings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When an academic study changes so dramatically in just a matter of days, that's a real flag,\" Lyft Director of Communications Adrian Durbin says in an email to NPR. \"While the revised results are not as inaccurate as the original findings, driver earnings are still understated. MIT's study has fundamental methodology problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber's Hall points to a different paper published in January by \u003ca href=\"https://web.stanford.edu/~diamondr/UberPayGap.pdf\">researchers from Stanford University,\u003c/a> who said hourly gross pay for all drivers in the U.S. averaged $21.07 an hour from January 2015 to March 2017. He also noted a 2017 survey by the website \u003ca href=\"https://therideshareguy.com/rsg-2017-survey-results-driver-earnings-satisfaction-and-demographics/\">The Rideshare Guy,\u003c/a> which said Uber drivers gross an average of $15.68 an hour and Lyft drivers $17.50 per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Stanford and Rideshare Guy estimates, however, are before expenses — like gas and vehicle maintenance — are taken into account. Stanford researchers say they also did not account for Uber's service fee. And none of these studies compare earnings by region, even though variations from city to city are significant. (For instance, San Francisco drivers see much higher demand, and therefore higher average hourly rates, than many Midwestern cities.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "The Human Cost of Uber and Lyft: Life in the Dying Taxi Industry",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIT's study differs from those by attempting to take many expenses into account. It's also the median income — not the average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zoepf said he made \"an assumption about revenue ... in the absence of public ride-hailing data and a paucity of independent studies outside Uber's own analyses.\" In his statement he asked Uber to \" [h]elp make an open, honest and public assessment of the range of ride-hailing driver profit \u003cem>after\u003c/em> the cost of acquiring, operating and maintaining a vehicle\" and \"[t]ransparently present the difference between actual and tax-reportable expenses used in the business.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he would be \"conducting a thorough revision of the paper,\" which will take \"a few weeks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/02/590168381/uber-lyft-drivers-earning-a-median-profit-of-3-37-per-hour-study-says\">The Two-Way reported last week,\u003c/a> Uber and Lyft both have high amounts of driver turnover and have fought \"legal battles for years against initiatives to classify their drivers as 'employees' instead of 'independent contractors' — meaning drivers don't receive benefits like health care or sick leave.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Researcher+Says+%27Criticism+Is+Valid%2C%27+Will+Revise+Study+Finding+Low+Uber+And+Lyft+Pay&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Flippy' the Fast-Food Robot (Sort Of) Mans the Grill at Caliburger",
"title": "'Flippy' the Fast-Food Robot (Sort Of) Mans the Grill at Caliburger",
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"content": "\u003cp>After months of practice in the art of fast-food preparation, \"Flippy,\" has finally taken up a position as grill cook on the line at Caliburger's Pasadena restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not a fun job — it's hot, it's greasy, it's dirty,\" acknowledges John Miller, the CEO of Cali Group, which runs the international fast-food chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, it could be the beginning of a bright career for Flippy in an industry that is otherwise notorious for high employee turnover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It certainly helps that Flippy, a burger-flipping robot developed by Miso Robotics, shows no concern about the low wages, meager benefits or long hours that plague the industry. The robot is reportedly capable of grilling 150 burgers per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180305005300/en/Flippy-World%E2%80%99s-Autonomous-Robotic-Kitchen-Assistant-Cooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> from Miso, the company — which bills Flippy as the world's first burger-flipping robot — began working with Caliburger two years ago to develop it as a \"cost-effective and highly efficient solution\" that is \"specifically designed to operate in an existing commercial kitchen layout and to serve alongside kitchen staff to safely and efficiently fulfill a variety of cooking tasks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More About Restaurant Robots\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11614970/robots-making-pizza-still-need-a-human-touch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Robots Making Pizza Still Need a Human Touch\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The kitchen of the future will always have people in it, but we see that kitchen as having people and robots,\" David Zito, co-founder and CEO of Miso Robotics, \u003ca href=\"http://ktla.com/2018/03/05/flippy-the-burger-flipping-robot-is-now-cooking-at-the-caliburger-fast-food-chain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told KTLA\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. \"This technology is not about replacing jobs — we see Flippy as that third hand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its current version, Flippy needs a human co-worker to place the patties on the grill, put the cheese on top at the right moment and add the extras, such as lettuce and sauce, before wrapping the sandwiches for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Flippy robot takes the form of a relatively small, wheeled cart equipped with a 6-axis robotic arm and what Miso Robotics calls a sensor bar,\" \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/07/meet-flippy-a-burger-grilling-robot-from-miso-robotics-and-caliburger/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TechCrunch writes.\u003c/a> \"It takes in data from thermal sensors, 3-D sensors and different cameras onboard to perceive its environment. Digital systems that send tickets from the counter back to the kitchen give Flippy its orders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TechCrunch says unlike rival burger bots under development, such as one made by Momentum Machines, Flippy uses artificial intelligence to improve its technique – so the more it works, the better it gets at the job, in much the same way that might be expected from a human worker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The website adds: \"A range of different tools, like detachable grippers, tongs and scrapers, help Flippy to cook burgers made to order, and keep a grill operating smoothly. A pneumatic pump allows the robot to swap out its own tools. Combined with Miso Robotics' AI, this range of tools will allow Flippy to make more than burgers over time, including chicken, bacon, grilled onions and other items that tend to be served in burger restaurants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of its deal with Miso, Caliburger gets exclusive rights to use the services of Flippy for six months, but thereafter, other fast-food vendors would be allowed to buy the robot. In its current form, Flippy runs about $60,000 per unit, but the price could go up as it becomes more sophisticated and versatile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the robot is operating only in a single Southern California Caliburger restaurant, but the chain has plans for expansion within the U.S. after a trial period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Miso and Caliburger emphasize that Flippy will be part of an integrated, part-robot, part-human kitchen, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/future-of-organizations-and-work/what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages#part3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a report by the McKinsey Global Institute\u003c/a> last year, fast food was among the industries most vulnerable to automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Flippy%27+The+Fast+Food+Robot+%28Sort+Of%29+Mans+The+Grill+At+Caliburger&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The international burger chain says Flippy, which so far is operating only at a restaurant in Pasadena, can grill 150 burgers per hour.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After months of practice in the art of fast-food preparation, \"Flippy,\" has finally taken up a position as grill cook on the line at Caliburger's Pasadena restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not a fun job — it's hot, it's greasy, it's dirty,\" acknowledges John Miller, the CEO of Cali Group, which runs the international fast-food chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, it could be the beginning of a bright career for Flippy in an industry that is otherwise notorious for high employee turnover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It certainly helps that Flippy, a burger-flipping robot developed by Miso Robotics, shows no concern about the low wages, meager benefits or long hours that plague the industry. The robot is reportedly capable of grilling 150 burgers per hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180305005300/en/Flippy-World%E2%80%99s-Autonomous-Robotic-Kitchen-Assistant-Cooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> from Miso, the company — which bills Flippy as the world's first burger-flipping robot — began working with Caliburger two years ago to develop it as a \"cost-effective and highly efficient solution\" that is \"specifically designed to operate in an existing commercial kitchen layout and to serve alongside kitchen staff to safely and efficiently fulfill a variety of cooking tasks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More About Restaurant Robots\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11614970/robots-making-pizza-still-need-a-human-touch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Robots Making Pizza Still Need a Human Touch\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The kitchen of the future will always have people in it, but we see that kitchen as having people and robots,\" David Zito, co-founder and CEO of Miso Robotics, \u003ca href=\"http://ktla.com/2018/03/05/flippy-the-burger-flipping-robot-is-now-cooking-at-the-caliburger-fast-food-chain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told KTLA\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. \"This technology is not about replacing jobs — we see Flippy as that third hand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its current version, Flippy needs a human co-worker to place the patties on the grill, put the cheese on top at the right moment and add the extras, such as lettuce and sauce, before wrapping the sandwiches for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Flippy robot takes the form of a relatively small, wheeled cart equipped with a 6-axis robotic arm and what Miso Robotics calls a sensor bar,\" \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/07/meet-flippy-a-burger-grilling-robot-from-miso-robotics-and-caliburger/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TechCrunch writes.\u003c/a> \"It takes in data from thermal sensors, 3-D sensors and different cameras onboard to perceive its environment. Digital systems that send tickets from the counter back to the kitchen give Flippy its orders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TechCrunch says unlike rival burger bots under development, such as one made by Momentum Machines, Flippy uses artificial intelligence to improve its technique – so the more it works, the better it gets at the job, in much the same way that might be expected from a human worker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The website adds: \"A range of different tools, like detachable grippers, tongs and scrapers, help Flippy to cook burgers made to order, and keep a grill operating smoothly. A pneumatic pump allows the robot to swap out its own tools. Combined with Miso Robotics' AI, this range of tools will allow Flippy to make more than burgers over time, including chicken, bacon, grilled onions and other items that tend to be served in burger restaurants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of its deal with Miso, Caliburger gets exclusive rights to use the services of Flippy for six months, but thereafter, other fast-food vendors would be allowed to buy the robot. In its current form, Flippy runs about $60,000 per unit, but the price could go up as it becomes more sophisticated and versatile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the robot is operating only in a single Southern California Caliburger restaurant, but the chain has plans for expansion within the U.S. after a trial period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Miso and Caliburger emphasize that Flippy will be part of an integrated, part-robot, part-human kitchen, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/future-of-organizations-and-work/what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages#part3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a report by the McKinsey Global Institute\u003c/a> last year, fast food was among the industries most vulnerable to automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Flippy%27+The+Fast+Food+Robot+%28Sort+Of%29+Mans+The+Grill+At+Caliburger&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "In the Land of Corporate Virtue Signaling, LeBron James Is King",
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"content": "\u003cp>Forget the debate about who is the better basketball player. When it comes to politics, one thing is certain — LeBron James is far more vocal than Michael Jordan. While Jordan notoriously avoided getting involved in anything political during his heyday, James has taken to publicly criticizing President Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James’ latest rebuke came alongside fellow basketball star Kevin Durant in a video co-produced by Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is part of a relatively new advertising campaign that features candid interviews with NBA stars in the backseat of Uber cars. The video is an example of how sports stars and corporations have become more political — the former by choice and the latter, some argue, under pressure from customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer demand for companies to take a political stance has become especially acute in the battle between Uber and Lyft. (More on that below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or just listen! I talked this all over with KQED Radio’s morning host, and North Carolina Tar Heel fan, Brian Watt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/2wayHarnettUberAd.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/gettyimages-696041476_wide-75a4b39a28d9972b0ab887150b4a28b5efd56555-e1520010443656.jpg\" Title=\"In the Land of Corporate Virtue Signaling, LeBron James Is King\" program=\"News Fix\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There has been a shift in the world of sports and business marketing since the era of Jordan. Many thought the NBA star often shied away from politics because he didn’t want to risk \u003ca href=\"https://www.foxsports.com/nba/story/michael-jordan-kareem-abdul-jabbar-commerce-over-conscience-republicans-buy-sneakers-shoes-jordan-brand-110415\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his multi-million dollar endorsement\u003c/a> deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, companies like Uber are using a heated political moment to provide a platform for sports stars, the most recent being the ad campaign with James and Durant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/identities/2017/8/17/16162226/corporations-replacing-churches-americas-conscience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Today, customers are increasingly pushing companies\u003c/a> to take a stance, or “virtue signal,” that is, to appear to be on a particular side or represent certain ideals that consumers identify with. James is a particularly powerful signaler. He throws \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/kingjames/status/911610455877021697?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">jabs at Trump on Twitter.\u003c/a> He publicly endorsed Hillary Clinton for president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber tapped into all that when it recently released the ad of LeBron James and Kevin Durant talking candidly about everything from basketball to being black in America. At around the 6-minute mark the pair start talking about President Trump, and what they had to say has garnered a lot of attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtNWc1AIU20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the backstory on Uber’s marketing move. Last year the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2017/01/lyft-and-ubers-immigration-ban/514889/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lost a lot of customers\u003c/a> to its smaller competitor Lyft, in part because Uber failed to appear that it was distancing itself from Trump and his administration’s travel ban. In the moment, Lyft donated $1 million to the ACLU, and it launched an ad campaign with the central message “it matters how you get there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s an implication by these companies that the decision of which ride app to take is in part a moral choice. I produced a story about Lyft’s messaging and appeal to liberals, which you can read about \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/24/lyft-gains-on-uber-by-appealing-to-progressive-political-ideals/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One important thing to remember is that Uber and Lyft often operate in cities, where there’s a large population of liberal consumers. In the age of Trump, these companies have to be particularly careful in how they craft their brand, and that crafting requires attention to politics and prominent social issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has taken lots of steps to try and clean up its image since its disastrous year in 2017. It replaced its much criticized CEO Travis Kalanick with Dara Khosrowshahi,\u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2017/08/29/technology/business/uber-ceo-trump/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> an outspoken critic of Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last July, Uber hired \u003ca href=\"http://adage.com/article/cmo-strategy/bozoma-uber-chief-brand-officer-bozoma-saint-john-makes-big-mark-nba-themed-national-campaign/311089/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bozoma Saint John\u003c/a> as its first chief brand officer, with the goal of becoming the “official ride of pop culture.” And in October, the company started rolling out the NBA interview ad campaign, the latest of which has become fodder for cable news commentators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fox host Laura Ingraham said James should just \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2018/02/17/shut-up-and-dribble-fox-news-host-extends-trumps-efforts-to-silence-political-athletes/?utm_term=.30abf0d833c1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“shut up and dribble.”\u003c/a> Spurs Coach Gregg Popovich, another vocal critic of the Trump administration, came to LeBron’s defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the media attention brought a lot of eyeballs to the video, many of them liberals who are drawn to the critical remarks these two prominent sports stars have to make about Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the sports stars get a platform to air their political opinions, and a company like Uber tags along for the ride.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Forget the debate about who is the better basketball player. When it comes to politics, one thing is certain — LeBron James is far more vocal than Michael Jordan. While Jordan notoriously avoided getting involved in anything political during his heyday, James has taken to publicly criticizing President Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James’ latest rebuke came alongside fellow basketball star Kevin Durant in a video co-produced by Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is part of a relatively new advertising campaign that features candid interviews with NBA stars in the backseat of Uber cars. The video is an example of how sports stars and corporations have become more political — the former by choice and the latter, some argue, under pressure from customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer demand for companies to take a political stance has become especially acute in the battle between Uber and Lyft. (More on that below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or just listen! I talked this all over with KQED Radio’s morning host, and North Carolina Tar Heel fan, Brian Watt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There has been a shift in the world of sports and business marketing since the era of Jordan. Many thought the NBA star often shied away from politics because he didn’t want to risk \u003ca href=\"https://www.foxsports.com/nba/story/michael-jordan-kareem-abdul-jabbar-commerce-over-conscience-republicans-buy-sneakers-shoes-jordan-brand-110415\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his multi-million dollar endorsement\u003c/a> deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, companies like Uber are using a heated political moment to provide a platform for sports stars, the most recent being the ad campaign with James and Durant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/identities/2017/8/17/16162226/corporations-replacing-churches-americas-conscience\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Today, customers are increasingly pushing companies\u003c/a> to take a stance, or “virtue signal,” that is, to appear to be on a particular side or represent certain ideals that consumers identify with. James is a particularly powerful signaler. He throws \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/kingjames/status/911610455877021697?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">jabs at Trump on Twitter.\u003c/a> He publicly endorsed Hillary Clinton for president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber tapped into all that when it recently released the ad of LeBron James and Kevin Durant talking candidly about everything from basketball to being black in America. At around the 6-minute mark the pair start talking about President Trump, and what they had to say has garnered a lot of attention.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/HtNWc1AIU20'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/HtNWc1AIU20'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Here’s the backstory on Uber’s marketing move. Last year the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2017/01/lyft-and-ubers-immigration-ban/514889/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lost a lot of customers\u003c/a> to its smaller competitor Lyft, in part because Uber failed to appear that it was distancing itself from Trump and his administration’s travel ban. In the moment, Lyft donated $1 million to the ACLU, and it launched an ad campaign with the central message “it matters how you get there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s an implication by these companies that the decision of which ride app to take is in part a moral choice. I produced a story about Lyft’s messaging and appeal to liberals, which you can read about \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/24/lyft-gains-on-uber-by-appealing-to-progressive-political-ideals/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One important thing to remember is that Uber and Lyft often operate in cities, where there’s a large population of liberal consumers. In the age of Trump, these companies have to be particularly careful in how they craft their brand, and that crafting requires attention to politics and prominent social issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has taken lots of steps to try and clean up its image since its disastrous year in 2017. It replaced its much criticized CEO Travis Kalanick with Dara Khosrowshahi,\u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2017/08/29/technology/business/uber-ceo-trump/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> an outspoken critic of Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last July, Uber hired \u003ca href=\"http://adage.com/article/cmo-strategy/bozoma-uber-chief-brand-officer-bozoma-saint-john-makes-big-mark-nba-themed-national-campaign/311089/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bozoma Saint John\u003c/a> as its first chief brand officer, with the goal of becoming the “official ride of pop culture.” And in October, the company started rolling out the NBA interview ad campaign, the latest of which has become fodder for cable news commentators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fox host Laura Ingraham said James should just \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2018/02/17/shut-up-and-dribble-fox-news-host-extends-trumps-efforts-to-silence-political-athletes/?utm_term=.30abf0d833c1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“shut up and dribble.”\u003c/a> Spurs Coach Gregg Popovich, another vocal critic of the Trump administration, came to LeBron’s defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the media attention brought a lot of eyeballs to the video, many of them liberals who are drawn to the critical remarks these two prominent sports stars have to make about Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the sports stars get a platform to air their political opinions, and a company like Uber tags along for the ride.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Northern California ICE Raids\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents arrested more than 200 undocumented immigrants in the Bay Area and Northern California, sparking protest outside the ICE field office in San Francisco. Shortly before the raids, Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf gave a controversial warning to the public about an imminent ICE operation, saying she did it to protect residents. A top ICE official criticized the mayor for a “reckless decision” that he said helped suspects flee and put immigration agents at risk.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maricela Gutierrez, SIREN executive director\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Julie Small, KQED criminal justice and immigration reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Driverless Cars\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For the first time, the California DMV is allowing prototypes of self-driving cars to be tested without a human behind the wheel. But are the cars and the public ready for the road ahead? We talk to California DMV Deputy Director Bernard Soriano about the decision to allow the testing, which takes effect on April 2, 2017. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Emily Chang’s \u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ci>Brotopia: Breaking Up the Boys’ Club of Silicon Valley\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Silicon Valley is home to some of the world’s most profitable and innovative companies, all vying to create game-changing products and services. But a new book tackles the dark side of tech, where a male-dominated culture normalizes the mistreatment and marginalization of women. We talk to author Emily Chang about the stark gender gap in the tech industry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ripple Co-Founder and Co-CEO Adam Lowry\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Area entrepreneur Adam Lowry created Method, a line of environmentally friendly cleaning products. After selling Method in 2012, he launched Ripple Foods, whose flagship product is a nondairy milk alternative made from peas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Northern California ICE Raids\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents arrested more than 200 undocumented immigrants in the Bay Area and Northern California, sparking protest outside the ICE field office in San Francisco. Shortly before the raids, Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf gave a controversial warning to the public about an imminent ICE operation, saying she did it to protect residents. A top ICE official criticized the mayor for a “reckless decision” that he said helped suspects flee and put immigration agents at risk.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maricela Gutierrez, SIREN executive director\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Julie Small, KQED criminal justice and immigration reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Driverless Cars\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For the first time, the California DMV is allowing prototypes of self-driving cars to be tested without a human behind the wheel. But are the cars and the public ready for the road ahead? We talk to California DMV Deputy Director Bernard Soriano about the decision to allow the testing, which takes effect on April 2, 2017. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Emily Chang’s \u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ci>Brotopia: Breaking Up the Boys’ Club of Silicon Valley\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Silicon Valley is home to some of the world’s most profitable and innovative companies, all vying to create game-changing products and services. But a new book tackles the dark side of tech, where a male-dominated culture normalizes the mistreatment and marginalization of women. We talk to author Emily Chang about the stark gender gap in the tech industry.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ripple Co-Founder and Co-CEO Adam Lowry\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Area entrepreneur Adam Lowry created Method, a line of environmentally friendly cleaning products. After selling Method in 2012, he launched Ripple Foods, whose flagship product is a nondairy milk alternative made from peas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Carl Ditlefsen vacuums out his car as the sun sets on the Green Cab taxi lot. He’s the only cab driver here. Next to the lot is a cluttered two-person office and a tarp lean-to. It covers a portable toilet with a sign that reads “Taxi Driver Parking Only.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ditlefsen just finished a slow 11-hour shift, and he’s had only one good ride all day. His pay will be less than minimum wage, and these days, that’s normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you keep me busy that’s all I ask.’ \u003ccite>Carl Ditlefsen, Cab driver\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I used to work four or five days a week, and you were able to survive,” Ditlefsen said. “You weren’t on easy street by any means, but you were able to survive. If you keep me busy that’s all I ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ditlefsen is wearing a blue hoodie that’s worn and pilled. One of his black sneakers has partially separated from the sole. I asked him if he thought he’d retire anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, I don’t think there’s retirement in sight,” Ditlefsen said. “You drive until you die. Whether you like it or not, a lot of us don’t have retirements to fall onto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/03/HarnettUberLyft.mp3\" title=\"The Human Cost of Uber and Lyft: Life in the Dying Taxi Industry\" program=\"The California Report\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519254145353.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taxi drivers like Ditlefsen are being sent to the brink by Uber and Lyft. Over the years, the companies have pushed down the cost of a ride and the earnings for drivers. Cab drivers have tried to fight back, protesting and forming unions. But Uber and Lyft’s footprints continue to expand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, Doug Schifter, a for-hire black-car driver in New York City, went to the steps of City Hall and shot himself to protest the industry’s decimation. Before taking his life, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/10/584757778/taxi-drivers-face-financial-crisis\">Schifter posted on Facebook\u003c/a> about the financial pressure put on drivers like him by services like Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The taxi companies themselves are imploding. In San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfexaminer.com/sf-yellow-cab-sold-competitor-810000/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yellow Cab went bankrupt in 2016\u003c/a>. Yellow Cab had around 500 medallions, which the city sold for $250,000 apiece. The company ended up selling for around $810,000, a little more than the sticker price for just three medallions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yellow Cab, Luxor and Citywide have all been consolidated into one company. Green Cab, Ditlefsen’s company used to have 19 members. Now it’s down to six. And they don’t even drive full time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Gruberg is a taxi driver and co-founder of Green Cab, which is driver-owned. Gruberg said many younger drivers have left the industry and those who remain are mostly career drivers. Many of them are stuck with medallions, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/24/for-san-francisco-cab-drivers-once-treasured-medallions-now-a-burden/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">which can be a big financial burden\u003c/a>. The upshot of all this is that there are fewer cabs on the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651107\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519088025430-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gruberg shows me the company’s shift schedule. It used to be filled all the time. Now the schedule is shot through with yellow, the color for unfilled shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gruberg says Uber and Lyft have taken away cab drivers’ biggest paydays: Valentine’s Day, Halloween, St Patrick’s Day, even New Year’s Eve. None of these days bring in the business they used to. Gruberg says drivers have lost between a third and half of their income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of every shift, Deborah Sears, the office manager, adds up what drivers earned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s days when some guy will come in and say, I had three fares today,’ ” Sears said. “It’s like going out there and playing Russian roulette.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veena Dubal, a professor of law at UC Hastings, recently conducted an ethnographic study, comparing cab drivers with those for Uber and Lyft. Dubal says identity plays a huge role in the lives of these drivers. “The sort of dignity that people got from their work when they were full-time professional drivers is just not possible with Uber and Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubal said ride apps like Uber and Lyft are not only destroying the stable long-term jobs of the taxi industry, but also the sense of community in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of how low the fares are they have to drive and drive and drive and drive for an inordinate amount of time in order to eke out a living,” Dubal said. “So there isn’t an opportunity to build community in the same way that there was in the taxi industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Consumers who use these ride services are absolutely complicit.’ \u003ccite>Veena Dubal, Lawyer at UC Hastings\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Dubal says the “app drivers” are way more atomized, isolated. There’s no taxi lot, less of a sense of community. They just flip on the app and drive, feeding customer demand for cheap, convenient rides. Dubal said “consumers who use these ride services are absolutely complicit” in the destruction of the taxi industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Disalvo just arrived at the Green Cab office for his shift. He has a bright, bushy, white mustache and bifocal lenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve heard drivers say things like, ‘If I don’t die of old age soon, I’m going to go crazy,’ ” Disalvo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I’ve heard drivers say things like, ‘If I don’t die of old age soon, I’m going to go crazy.’ ” \u003ccite>Joe Disalvo\u003cbr>\nTaxi driver\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Disalvo has been driving since 1984. He’s one of the career drivers who is locked into the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m 74, and if I was younger I’d just leave,” Disalvo said. “I’d get a second job or go do something else, but my time has passed for that. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Carl Ditlefsen vacuums out his car as the sun sets on the Green Cab taxi lot. He’s the only cab driver here. Next to the lot is a cluttered two-person office and a tarp lean-to. It covers a portable toilet with a sign that reads “Taxi Driver Parking Only.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ditlefsen just finished a slow 11-hour shift, and he’s had only one good ride all day. His pay will be less than minimum wage, and these days, that’s normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you keep me busy that’s all I ask.’ \u003ccite>Carl Ditlefsen, Cab driver\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I used to work four or five days a week, and you were able to survive,” Ditlefsen said. “You weren’t on easy street by any means, but you were able to survive. If you keep me busy that’s all I ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ditlefsen is wearing a blue hoodie that’s worn and pilled. One of his black sneakers has partially separated from the sole. I asked him if he thought he’d retire anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, I don’t think there’s retirement in sight,” Ditlefsen said. “You drive until you die. Whether you like it or not, a lot of us don’t have retirements to fall onto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taxi drivers like Ditlefsen are being sent to the brink by Uber and Lyft. Over the years, the companies have pushed down the cost of a ride and the earnings for drivers. Cab drivers have tried to fight back, protesting and forming unions. But Uber and Lyft’s footprints continue to expand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, Doug Schifter, a for-hire black-car driver in New York City, went to the steps of City Hall and shot himself to protest the industry’s decimation. Before taking his life, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/10/584757778/taxi-drivers-face-financial-crisis\">Schifter posted on Facebook\u003c/a> about the financial pressure put on drivers like him by services like Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The taxi companies themselves are imploding. In San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfexaminer.com/sf-yellow-cab-sold-competitor-810000/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yellow Cab went bankrupt in 2016\u003c/a>. Yellow Cab had around 500 medallions, which the city sold for $250,000 apiece. The company ended up selling for around $810,000, a little more than the sticker price for just three medallions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yellow Cab, Luxor and Citywide have all been consolidated into one company. Green Cab, Ditlefsen’s company used to have 19 members. Now it’s down to six. And they don’t even drive full time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Gruberg is a taxi driver and co-founder of Green Cab, which is driver-owned. Gruberg said many younger drivers have left the industry and those who remain are mostly career drivers. Many of them are stuck with medallions, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/24/for-san-francisco-cab-drivers-once-treasured-medallions-now-a-burden/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">which can be a big financial burden\u003c/a>. The upshot of all this is that there are fewer cabs on the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651107\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519088025430-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gruberg shows me the company’s shift schedule. It used to be filled all the time. Now the schedule is shot through with yellow, the color for unfilled shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gruberg says Uber and Lyft have taken away cab drivers’ biggest paydays: Valentine’s Day, Halloween, St Patrick’s Day, even New Year’s Eve. None of these days bring in the business they used to. Gruberg says drivers have lost between a third and half of their income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of every shift, Deborah Sears, the office manager, adds up what drivers earned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s days when some guy will come in and say, I had three fares today,’ ” Sears said. “It’s like going out there and playing Russian roulette.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veena Dubal, a professor of law at UC Hastings, recently conducted an ethnographic study, comparing cab drivers with those for Uber and Lyft. Dubal says identity plays a huge role in the lives of these drivers. “The sort of dignity that people got from their work when they were full-time professional drivers is just not possible with Uber and Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubal said ride apps like Uber and Lyft are not only destroying the stable long-term jobs of the taxi industry, but also the sense of community in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of how low the fares are they have to drive and drive and drive and drive for an inordinate amount of time in order to eke out a living,” Dubal said. “So there isn’t an opportunity to build community in the same way that there was in the taxi industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Consumers who use these ride services are absolutely complicit.’ \u003ccite>Veena Dubal, Lawyer at UC Hastings\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Dubal says the “app drivers” are way more atomized, isolated. There’s no taxi lot, less of a sense of community. They just flip on the app and drive, feeding customer demand for cheap, convenient rides. Dubal said “consumers who use these ride services are absolutely complicit” in the destruction of the taxi industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Disalvo just arrived at the Green Cab office for his shift. He has a bright, bushy, white mustache and bifocal lenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve heard drivers say things like, ‘If I don’t die of old age soon, I’m going to go crazy,’ ” Disalvo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I’ve heard drivers say things like, ‘If I don’t die of old age soon, I’m going to go crazy.’ ” \u003ccite>Joe Disalvo\u003cbr>\nTaxi driver\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Disalvo has been driving since 1984. He’s one of the career drivers who is locked into the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m 74, and if I was younger I’d just leave,” Disalvo said. “I’d get a second job or go do something else, but my time has passed for that. I have to do what I am doing for as long as I can and make it work somehow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Disalvo is also stuck financially. He took out a loan to buy a medallion. For Disalvo and many others, it was the de facto taxi retirement plan. Now Disalvo says a medallion is pretty much a worthless piece of tin and a huge financial burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are drivers who are applying for food stamps and welfare,” Disalvo said, “I haven’t done it, I haven’t had to, but this is the first year I’ve been underwater.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — Driverless cars will be tested in California for the first time without a person behind a steering wheel under new rules that state regulators approved Monday for the fast-developing technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/wcm/connect/a6ea01e0-072f-4f93-aa6c-e12b844443cc/DriverlessAV_Adopted_Regulatory_Text.pdf?MOD=AJPERES\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new regulations\u003c/a> from the Department of Motor Vehicles are a major step toward getting autonomous vehicles to dealerships and onto the public roads. Until now, driverless cars could only be tested on public roads in the state if a person could take the wheel in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this is a move that had to happen for California to stay competitive in this field,\" said Nidhi Kalra, a Rand Corp. senior scientist who has been studying the issue for a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the technology is being developed in California, companies such as Google's Waymo have already been testing in other states such as neighboring Arizona because requiring a human driver limits the kind of car that can be tested, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can't test what true, full autonomy looks like\" unless there's no driver at all, Kalra said. \"To be able to test it right in your backyard is a really big deal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the advocacy group Consumer Watchdog slammed the new rules, claiming autonomous cars have not yet been proveD safe enough to be deployed without a human backup driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will be just like playing a video game, except lives will be at stake,\" said John Simpson, the group's privacy and technology project director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty companies already have permits to test on public roads and highways in California, a prime proving ground given its size as the most populous state, its clout as the nation's biggest car market and its longtime role as a cultural trendsetter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vehicles will no longer need to have drivers inside during tests, but people will still be in charge. Under the regulations, driverless cars being tested on public roads must have a remote operator monitoring at all times, ready to take over as needed. The remote operator must also be able to communicate with police as well as any passengers in the event of an accident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement must provide permission to test on local roads and be provided with routes the cars will take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manufacturers can apply for permits allowing driverless testing when the regulations go into effect April 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules, written by the DMV and approved by the state's Office of Administrative Law, also create the framework under which consumers can eventually buy driverless cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DMV Director Jean Shiomoto said it's a big boost for regulations in the works for years and that \"safety is our top concern.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major automakers like Mercedes, BMW, Ford, Nissan and Volvo have all said it will likely be at least 2020 before their driverless vehicles are available, and even then, they could be confined to ride-hailing fleets and other shared applications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla said last year that the cars it's making have the hardware they need for full self-driving. The company is still testing the software and won't make it available to owners without regulatory approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Justin Pritchard and Robert Jablon contributed.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — Driverless cars will be tested in California for the first time without a person behind a steering wheel under new rules that state regulators approved Monday for the fast-developing technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/wcm/connect/a6ea01e0-072f-4f93-aa6c-e12b844443cc/DriverlessAV_Adopted_Regulatory_Text.pdf?MOD=AJPERES\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new regulations\u003c/a> from the Department of Motor Vehicles are a major step toward getting autonomous vehicles to dealerships and onto the public roads. Until now, driverless cars could only be tested on public roads in the state if a person could take the wheel in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this is a move that had to happen for California to stay competitive in this field,\" said Nidhi Kalra, a Rand Corp. senior scientist who has been studying the issue for a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the technology is being developed in California, companies such as Google's Waymo have already been testing in other states such as neighboring Arizona because requiring a human driver limits the kind of car that can be tested, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can't test what true, full autonomy looks like\" unless there's no driver at all, Kalra said. \"To be able to test it right in your backyard is a really big deal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the advocacy group Consumer Watchdog slammed the new rules, claiming autonomous cars have not yet been proveD safe enough to be deployed without a human backup driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will be just like playing a video game, except lives will be at stake,\" said John Simpson, the group's privacy and technology project director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifty companies already have permits to test on public roads and highways in California, a prime proving ground given its size as the most populous state, its clout as the nation's biggest car market and its longtime role as a cultural trendsetter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vehicles will no longer need to have drivers inside during tests, but people will still be in charge. Under the regulations, driverless cars being tested on public roads must have a remote operator monitoring at all times, ready to take over as needed. The remote operator must also be able to communicate with police as well as any passengers in the event of an accident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement must provide permission to test on local roads and be provided with routes the cars will take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manufacturers can apply for permits allowing driverless testing when the regulations go into effect April 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules, written by the DMV and approved by the state's Office of Administrative Law, also create the framework under which consumers can eventually buy driverless cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DMV Director Jean Shiomoto said it's a big boost for regulations in the works for years and that \"safety is our top concern.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major automakers like Mercedes, BMW, Ford, Nissan and Volvo have all said it will likely be at least 2020 before their driverless vehicles are available, and even then, they could be confined to ride-hailing fleets and other shared applications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla said last year that the cars it's making have the hardware they need for full self-driving. The company is still testing the software and won't make it available to owners without regulatory approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Justin Pritchard and Robert Jablon contributed.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Every time we Google something or buy a pair of shoes online, we’re creating valuable data. And people who know how to analyze that data are \u003ca href=\"https://www.glassdoor.com/List/Best-Jobs-in-America-LST_KQ0,20.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">highly employable\u003c/a> right now. As computing enters every part of life, high school teachers are beginning to see it as their duty to prepare students for this changing world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Unified School District has teamed up with UCLA to develop an \u003ca href=\"http://www.mobilizingcs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">introduction to data science\u003c/a> course that meets University of California and California State University \u003ca href=\"http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/freshman/requirements/a-g-requirements/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">application requirements\u003c/a>. Students use a blend of statistics and computer science to analyze data sets they’ve either collected or found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re learning how to think critically with data,” said Suyen Machado, who helped write the course curriculum and coordinates the program that has spread to 30 schools in six districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one project, students look at 15,000 data points from a Centers for Disease Control survey on teen health. The survey asked teens about bullying, how much soda they drink and whether they wear seat belts. Data science students look for patterns in the data and try to draw conclusions from what they find there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”aLFrREOVpvGG6lhDv0bQbSaV3wdXZqzL”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They ask questions about the data, analyze it and interpret it. If their initial question isn’t answered, or they have new ones, they return to the data and ask a new set of questions. The class discusses the ethical implication of data collection, how surveys can be skewed and how different visualizations tell particular stories. Teachers say engagement with the course is much higher than more traditionally taught math classes because it feels relevant to students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Machado particularly remembers one senior who hadn’t passed any of her high school math classes. She was far behind in credits, with no chance of graduating, but she loved data science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was so captivated by the course. It was the first time she would come to school almost every day because she didn’t want to miss [Introduction to Data Science],” Machado said. “She knew she wasn’t going to graduate, but she still came to school because she was really engaged in the course.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the new take on math is popular with students, some teachers are more wary of change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because it’s not well known, people don’t really understand it,” Machado explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”2bZff1ydG1ya9iPKZPHU1KIRxV1ZZBRm”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she sees the opposite as well. Some teachers want to try something new and are excited to offer a different math pathway for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t say it’s an easy class,” said Monica Casillas, who taught the data science class for three years. “It’s very rigorous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Casillas also taught an Advanced Placement Statistics class, so she has a good comparison point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the two classes are very different. Rather than focusing on paper and pencil computations, the emphasis in data science is on mathematical reasoning, asking good questions and making inferences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seeing my kids being excited about it, you know as a teacher, it just gets you excited,” Casillas said. And she says the skills her students take out of the class are useful as they analyze the news and progress in their education.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Every time we Google something or buy a pair of shoes online, we’re creating valuable data. And people who know how to analyze that data are \u003ca href=\"https://www.glassdoor.com/List/Best-Jobs-in-America-LST_KQ0,20.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">highly employable\u003c/a> right now. As computing enters every part of life, high school teachers are beginning to see it as their duty to prepare students for this changing world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Unified School District has teamed up with UCLA to develop an \u003ca href=\"http://www.mobilizingcs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">introduction to data science\u003c/a> course that meets University of California and California State University \u003ca href=\"http://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/freshman/requirements/a-g-requirements/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">application requirements\u003c/a>. Students use a blend of statistics and computer science to analyze data sets they’ve either collected or found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re learning how to think critically with data,” said Suyen Machado, who helped write the course curriculum and coordinates the program that has spread to 30 schools in six districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one project, students look at 15,000 data points from a Centers for Disease Control survey on teen health. The survey asked teens about bullying, how much soda they drink and whether they wear seat belts. Data science students look for patterns in the data and try to draw conclusions from what they find there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They ask questions about the data, analyze it and interpret it. If their initial question isn’t answered, or they have new ones, they return to the data and ask a new set of questions. The class discusses the ethical implication of data collection, how surveys can be skewed and how different visualizations tell particular stories. Teachers say engagement with the course is much higher than more traditionally taught math classes because it feels relevant to students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Machado particularly remembers one senior who hadn’t passed any of her high school math classes. She was far behind in credits, with no chance of graduating, but she loved data science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was so captivated by the course. It was the first time she would come to school almost every day because she didn’t want to miss [Introduction to Data Science],” Machado said. “She knew she wasn’t going to graduate, but she still came to school because she was really engaged in the course.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the new take on math is popular with students, some teachers are more wary of change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because it’s not well known, people don’t really understand it,” Machado explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she sees the opposite as well. Some teachers want to try something new and are excited to offer a different math pathway for students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t say it’s an easy class,” said Monica Casillas, who taught the data science class for three years. “It’s very rigorous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Casillas also taught an Advanced Placement Statistics class, so she has a good comparison point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the two classes are very different. Rather than focusing on paper and pencil computations, the emphasis in data science is on mathematical reasoning, asking good questions and making inferences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seeing my kids being excited about it, you know as a teacher, it just gets you excited,” Casillas said. And she says the skills her students take out of the class are useful as they analyze the news and progress in their education.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "you-drive-until-you-die-driving-a-cab-in-the-age-of-uber-and-lyft",
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"content": "\u003cp>More indictments, more Olympics, more news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What else you got?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>1. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/21/the-human-cost-of-uber-and-lyft-life-in-the-dying-taxi-industry/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The human cost of Uber and Lyft\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519254145353.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651107\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519088025430-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I took a taxi last summer for the first time in a long time. I was visiting Washington D.C., and I’d forgotten that there was this whole industry full of people who know their cities like the back of their hands and don’t need an app or GPS to get us where we need to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the age of Uber and Lyft, that knowledge doesn’t pay much. KQED’s Sam Harnett \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/21/the-human-cost-of-uber-and-lyft-life-in-the-dying-taxi-industry/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">talked with cabbies\u003c/a> in San Francisco who are really struggling. They say retirement is a pipe dream, some of them are on welfare, and there’s no end in sight.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>2. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/sacramento-finds-and-celebrates-itself-in-new-lady-bird-walking-tour/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento loves ‘Lady Bird’ … a lot\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Group1-e1519429543760.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651905\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Group1-800x533.jpg\" alt='The \"Lady Bird\" walking tour group poses in front of the stately blue home from the film.' width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The “Lady Bird” walking tour group poses in front of the stately blue home from the film. \u003ccite>(Allen Young/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the same way that ‘Black Panther’ made me well up with \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/17/if-you-hella-love-oakland-youll-hella-love-black-panther/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pride for Oakland\u003c/a> even though I’ve never lived there, ‘Lady Bird’ had me smitten with Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Sacramento is definitely smitten with ‘Lady Bird.’ You can even take a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/sacramento-finds-and-celebrates-itself-in-new-lady-bird-walking-tour/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">‘Lady Bird’ walking tour\u003c/a> through the city, hitting all the classic spots from the film and some from director and Sacramento native Greta Gerwig’s life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quote that really showed me how much this movie could mean to our state capital was from 67-year-old Quincy Brown, Sacramento born and bred: “I think we’re a good cow town. I’m OK with that. But I think this is a great town, and I think even a great city, that hasn’t gotten the credit it deserves. This movie gave us the hug that we needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>3. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/librarians-on-the-line-evaluating-childrens-books-about-police/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rethinking how police are portrayed in kids books\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11650919\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11650919\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Children’s librarian Mahasin Abuwi Aleem reads to children at story time at Oakland's main library.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children’s librarian Mahasin Abuwi Aleem reads to children at story time at Oakland’s main library. \u003ccite>(Andrew Stelzer)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>How were the police portrayed in the books you read as a kid? The good guys? Friendly and trustworthy? Unfortunately, the reality isn’t that simple, especially for communities of color that have seen so many of their friends and family members killed by police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Librarians in Oakland have \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/librarians-on-the-line-evaluating-childrens-books-about-police/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">created a toolkit\u003c/a> to help other librarians and educators examine how books portray police and the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The toolkit doesn’t review specific books. Instead, it provides questions, like: Does this book explain children’s rights to have a parent or other adult present during questioning? Does it imply that children will always be safe if they follow officers’ instructions? Does the book make a distinction between prison and jail?\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch3>4. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2018/02/22/californias-recurring-nightmare-nearly-half-the-state-is-back-in-drought/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Long time, no rain: Drought is on its way back\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651551\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/ww2.kqed_.orgusdm_20180220_CA_text-5153c6ad7b72c6ae0e2d308d154db69b5d83879c.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651551\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/ww2.kqed_.orgusdm_20180220_CA_text-5153c6ad7b72c6ae0e2d308d154db69b5d83879c-800x618.jpg\" alt=\"Click image to enlarge. \" width=\"800\" height=\"618\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click image to enlarge.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Any time my boyfriend takes a long shower or leaves the water tap running, I jokingly yell at him, “We’re in a drought!” He always shoots back that we technically aren’t in a drought anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looks like I’m going to be right pretty soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, almost \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2018/02/22/californias-recurring-nightmare-nearly-half-the-state-is-back-in-drought/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">half the state is experiencing at least a “moderate drought.”\u003c/a> More than 91 percent of the state, including the Bay Area, is at least “abnormally dry,” the stepping stone to drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>5. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/20/high-court-refusal-to-hear-california-gun-case-provokes-bitter-dissent-from-clarence-thomas/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">This Supreme Court justice does not like these California gun laws\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651146\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/GettyImages-691161322-e1519156239708.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651146\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/GettyImages-691161322-800x583.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"583\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supreme Court Associate Justice Clarence Thomas during official portrait session in June 2017. \u003ccite>(Saul Loeb/AFP-Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court did something it does all the time this week: it chose not to review a case. The case was a challenge to a California law requiring a 10-day waiting period on gun purchases, even if the buyer had already cleared a previous background check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This did not sit well with Justice Clarence Thomas. He wrote a scathing \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/4383125/Silvester-v-Becerra.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">14-page dissent\u003c/a> railing against the decision, saying the court doesn’t respect the Second Amendment as much as other civil liberties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a taste of Thomas’ displeasure, directed at the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, the federal appeals court that covers California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The Ninth Circuit struck down a county’s 5-day waiting period for nude-dancing licenses because it “unreasonably prevent[ed] a dancer from exercising first amendment rights while an application [was] pending.” The Ninth Circuit found it dispositive there, but not here, that the county “failed to demonstrate a need for [the] five-day delay period.” In another case, the Ninth Circuit held that laws embracing traditional marriage failed heightened scrutiny because the states presented “no evidence” other than “speculation and conclusory assertions” to support them. While those laws reflected the wisdom of “thousands of years of human history in every society known to have populated the planet,” they faced a much tougher time in the Ninth Circuit than California’s new and unusual waiting period for firearms. In the Ninth Circuit, it seems, rights that have no basis in the Constitution receive greater protection than the Second Amendment, which is enumerated in the text.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2018/02/15/national-park-services-betty-reid-soskin-publishes-memoir-at-96/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Before you go…\u003c/a>\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp>Betty Reid Soskin is a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2018/02/15/national-park-services-betty-reid-soskin-publishes-memoir-at-96/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">96-year-old full-time national park ranger\u003c/a>. Need I say more?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=re-EjNHty64\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "How cab drivers are dealing with the death of their industry, 'Lady Bird' love in Sacramento, a return to drought and more stories you might've missed.",
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"title": "'You Drive Until You Die': Driving a Cab in the Age of Uber and Lyft | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>More indictments, more Olympics, more news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What else you got?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>1. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/21/the-human-cost-of-uber-and-lyft-life-in-the-dying-taxi-industry/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The human cost of Uber and Lyft\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519254145353.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651107\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519088025430-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I took a taxi last summer for the first time in a long time. I was visiting Washington D.C., and I’d forgotten that there was this whole industry full of people who know their cities like the back of their hands and don’t need an app or GPS to get us where we need to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the age of Uber and Lyft, that knowledge doesn’t pay much. KQED’s Sam Harnett \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/21/the-human-cost-of-uber-and-lyft-life-in-the-dying-taxi-industry/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">talked with cabbies\u003c/a> in San Francisco who are really struggling. They say retirement is a pipe dream, some of them are on welfare, and there’s no end in sight.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>2. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/sacramento-finds-and-celebrates-itself-in-new-lady-bird-walking-tour/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacramento loves ‘Lady Bird’ … a lot\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651905\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Group1-e1519429543760.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651905\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Group1-800x533.jpg\" alt='The \"Lady Bird\" walking tour group poses in front of the stately blue home from the film.' width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The “Lady Bird” walking tour group poses in front of the stately blue home from the film. \u003ccite>(Allen Young/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the same way that ‘Black Panther’ made me well up with \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/17/if-you-hella-love-oakland-youll-hella-love-black-panther/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pride for Oakland\u003c/a> even though I’ve never lived there, ‘Lady Bird’ had me smitten with Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Sacramento is definitely smitten with ‘Lady Bird.’ You can even take a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/sacramento-finds-and-celebrates-itself-in-new-lady-bird-walking-tour/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">‘Lady Bird’ walking tour\u003c/a> through the city, hitting all the classic spots from the film and some from director and Sacramento native Greta Gerwig’s life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quote that really showed me how much this movie could mean to our state capital was from 67-year-old Quincy Brown, Sacramento born and bred: “I think we’re a good cow town. I’m OK with that. But I think this is a great town, and I think even a great city, that hasn’t gotten the credit it deserves. This movie gave us the hug that we needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>3. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/librarians-on-the-line-evaluating-childrens-books-about-police/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rethinking how police are portrayed in kids books\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11650919\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11650919\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Children’s librarian Mahasin Abuwi Aleem reads to children at story time at Oakland's main library.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Aleem-reads-to-group-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children’s librarian Mahasin Abuwi Aleem reads to children at story time at Oakland’s main library. \u003ccite>(Andrew Stelzer)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>How were the police portrayed in the books you read as a kid? The good guys? Friendly and trustworthy? Unfortunately, the reality isn’t that simple, especially for communities of color that have seen so many of their friends and family members killed by police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Librarians in Oakland have \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/23/librarians-on-the-line-evaluating-childrens-books-about-police/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">created a toolkit\u003c/a> to help other librarians and educators examine how books portray police and the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The toolkit doesn’t review specific books. Instead, it provides questions, like: Does this book explain children’s rights to have a parent or other adult present during questioning? Does it imply that children will always be safe if they follow officers’ instructions? Does the book make a distinction between prison and jail?\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch3>4. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2018/02/22/californias-recurring-nightmare-nearly-half-the-state-is-back-in-drought/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Long time, no rain: Drought is on its way back\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651551\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/ww2.kqed_.orgusdm_20180220_CA_text-5153c6ad7b72c6ae0e2d308d154db69b5d83879c.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651551\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/ww2.kqed_.orgusdm_20180220_CA_text-5153c6ad7b72c6ae0e2d308d154db69b5d83879c-800x618.jpg\" alt=\"Click image to enlarge. \" width=\"800\" height=\"618\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click image to enlarge.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Any time my boyfriend takes a long shower or leaves the water tap running, I jokingly yell at him, “We’re in a drought!” He always shoots back that we technically aren’t in a drought anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looks like I’m going to be right pretty soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, almost \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2018/02/22/californias-recurring-nightmare-nearly-half-the-state-is-back-in-drought/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">half the state is experiencing at least a “moderate drought.”\u003c/a> More than 91 percent of the state, including the Bay Area, is at least “abnormally dry,” the stepping stone to drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>5. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/20/high-court-refusal-to-hear-california-gun-case-provokes-bitter-dissent-from-clarence-thomas/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">This Supreme Court justice does not like these California gun laws\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651146\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/GettyImages-691161322-e1519156239708.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651146\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/GettyImages-691161322-800x583.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"583\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supreme Court Associate Justice Clarence Thomas during official portrait session in June 2017. \u003ccite>(Saul Loeb/AFP-Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court did something it does all the time this week: it chose not to review a case. The case was a challenge to a California law requiring a 10-day waiting period on gun purchases, even if the buyer had already cleared a previous background check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This did not sit well with Justice Clarence Thomas. He wrote a scathing \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/4383125/Silvester-v-Becerra.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">14-page dissent\u003c/a> railing against the decision, saying the court doesn’t respect the Second Amendment as much as other civil liberties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a taste of Thomas’ displeasure, directed at the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, the federal appeals court that covers California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The Ninth Circuit struck down a county’s 5-day waiting period for nude-dancing licenses because it “unreasonably prevent[ed] a dancer from exercising first amendment rights while an application [was] pending.” The Ninth Circuit found it dispositive there, but not here, that the county “failed to demonstrate a need for [the] five-day delay period.” In another case, the Ninth Circuit held that laws embracing traditional marriage failed heightened scrutiny because the states presented “no evidence” other than “speculation and conclusory assertions” to support them. While those laws reflected the wisdom of “thousands of years of human history in every society known to have populated the planet,” they faced a much tougher time in the Ninth Circuit than California’s new and unusual waiting period for firearms. In the Ninth Circuit, it seems, rights that have no basis in the Constitution receive greater protection than the Second Amendment, which is enumerated in the text.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2018/02/15/national-park-services-betty-reid-soskin-publishes-memoir-at-96/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Before you go…\u003c/a>\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp>Betty Reid Soskin is a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2018/02/15/national-park-services-betty-reid-soskin-publishes-memoir-at-96/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">96-year-old full-time national park ranger\u003c/a>. 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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration is tightening the rules for companies that contract out high-skilled workers who are in this country on H-1B visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services agency issued a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Laws/Memoranda/2018/2018-02-22-PM-602-0157-Contracts-and-Itineraries-Requirements-for-H-1B.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">policy memo\u003c/a> on Thursday that requires “detailed statements of work or work orders” about the work that will be performed when an H-1B visa worker is employed at a third-party work site. Employers will have to file more details that support the need for foreign talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B visas are controversial. American tech companies use them to hire highly skilled foreign workers, such as engineers, IT specialists, architects among others, in situations in which they say there is a shortage of U.S.-born talent. The visas are good for three years and renewable for another three-year term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wbur.org/bostonomix/2017/02/23/h1b-visas-debate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Critics\u003c/a> of the visas — 85,000 of which are issued every year — say American workers are aced out of competition with workers who can be paid less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As CNN \u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2018/02/23/technology/h1b-visa-abuse/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reports\u003c/a>, “Indian outsourcing firms will be the hardest hit. Indian workers receive more than 70% of all H-1B visas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USCIS memo says that if a visa beneficiary will be placed at one or more third-party worksites, the employer “has specific and non-speculative qualifying assignments in a specialty occupation for the beneficiary for the entire time requested in the petition; and the employer will maintain an employer-employee relationship with the beneficiary for the duration of the requested validity period.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo says USCIS recognizes that visa-holders may wind up earning less money than promised or might perform “non-specialty” jobs when they are contracted out to third-party worksites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy change comes as the Trump administration has signaled its desire to change the visa program with a “Buy American, Hire American” policy outlined in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/legal-resources/buy-american-hire-american-putting-american-workers-first\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">executive order\u003c/a> signed in April 2017. The order promised to root out fraud and abuse in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Mercury News \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/02/23/trump-administration-announces-more-h-1b-restrictions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reports\u003c/a>, the H-1B program has come under intense federal scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“A Bay Area News Group \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/02/20/h-1b-visas-how-the-trump-administration-is-freaking-people-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report earlier this week\u003c/a> found a sharp rise in the number of reviews immigration officials were conducting on H-1B applications. From January to August 2017, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services sent 85,265 requests for evidence in response to H-1B visa applications, a 45 percent increase compared to the same period a year earlier, agency data show. Such requests are made when an application is missing required documents or when the agency determines it needs more proof to decide if a worker is eligible for the visa. Immigration lawyers say the extra enforcement could discourage companies and individuals from seeking an H-1B visa in the first place.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Restricts+H-1B+Worker+Visas+Coveted+By+High+Tech&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "It's another step in fighting potential fraud and abuse in the program that brings 85,000 highly skilled workers into the U.S. every year. More detail is required on why the workers are needed.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration is tightening the rules for companies that contract out high-skilled workers who are in this country on H-1B visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services agency issued a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Laws/Memoranda/2018/2018-02-22-PM-602-0157-Contracts-and-Itineraries-Requirements-for-H-1B.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">policy memo\u003c/a> on Thursday that requires “detailed statements of work or work orders” about the work that will be performed when an H-1B visa worker is employed at a third-party work site. Employers will have to file more details that support the need for foreign talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B visas are controversial. American tech companies use them to hire highly skilled foreign workers, such as engineers, IT specialists, architects among others, in situations in which they say there is a shortage of U.S.-born talent. The visas are good for three years and renewable for another three-year term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wbur.org/bostonomix/2017/02/23/h1b-visas-debate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Critics\u003c/a> of the visas — 85,000 of which are issued every year — say American workers are aced out of competition with workers who can be paid less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As CNN \u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2018/02/23/technology/h1b-visa-abuse/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reports\u003c/a>, “Indian outsourcing firms will be the hardest hit. Indian workers receive more than 70% of all H-1B visas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USCIS memo says that if a visa beneficiary will be placed at one or more third-party worksites, the employer “has specific and non-speculative qualifying assignments in a specialty occupation for the beneficiary for the entire time requested in the petition; and the employer will maintain an employer-employee relationship with the beneficiary for the duration of the requested validity period.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo says USCIS recognizes that visa-holders may wind up earning less money than promised or might perform “non-specialty” jobs when they are contracted out to third-party worksites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy change comes as the Trump administration has signaled its desire to change the visa program with a “Buy American, Hire American” policy outlined in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/legal-resources/buy-american-hire-american-putting-american-workers-first\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">executive order\u003c/a> signed in April 2017. The order promised to root out fraud and abuse in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Mercury News \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/02/23/trump-administration-announces-more-h-1b-restrictions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reports\u003c/a>, the H-1B program has come under intense federal scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“A Bay Area News Group \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/02/20/h-1b-visas-how-the-trump-administration-is-freaking-people-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report earlier this week\u003c/a> found a sharp rise in the number of reviews immigration officials were conducting on H-1B applications. From January to August 2017, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services sent 85,265 requests for evidence in response to H-1B visa applications, a 45 percent increase compared to the same period a year earlier, agency data show. Such requests are made when an application is missing required documents or when the agency determines it needs more proof to decide if a worker is eligible for the visa. Immigration lawyers say the extra enforcement could discourage companies and individuals from seeking an H-1B visa in the first place.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Restricts+H-1B+Worker+Visas+Coveted+By+High+Tech&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
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},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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