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"content": "\u003cp>Local air regulators moved Wednesday to require two of California's largest oil refineries to significantly reduce the amount of pollution they spew into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board that oversees the Bay Area Air Quality Management District voted 19 to 3 to force Chevron's Richmond refinery and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbfenergy.com/refineries/\">PBF Energy-owned refinery in Martinez\u003c/a> to cut down on the particulate matter emitted by a key part of their plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vote came after two separate days of hours-long hearings and threats of a lawsuit from the oil industry, along with pressure from environmentalists, health advocates, refinery workers and labor leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whatever we do we're going to face a legal challenge and that's the name of the game,\" said Nate Miley, a member of the board and an Alameda County supervisor. \"I want history to show, at least my vote, that I was on the side of protecting communities, putting the health of people above cost, above money, above refineries.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To satisfy the \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/rules-and-compliance/rules/reg-6-rule-5-particulate-emissions-from-refinery-fluidized-catalytic-cracking-units?rule_version=2020%20Amendment#:~:text=Description%3A,precursors%20of%20secondary%20particulate%20matter.,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new rules\u003c/a>, the two oil companies would most likely need to buy and install air pollution devices known as wet gas scrubbers at a cost of hundreds of millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"John Bauters, Bay Area Air Quality Management District board director\"]'Oil and gas companies have built a multi-billion dollar industry at the expense of largely Brown, Black, impoverished or politically under-represented communities for decades. They have externalized hazardous materials, pollution and waste onto the people we as a board collectively represent.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vote is the culmination of work started by air district staff in 2019. Dozens of agency workers researched the proposal, worked with outside departments and took comments from the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday's hearing was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11878624/a-pivotal-moment-for-regulating-the-bay-areas-oil-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">second\u003c/a> before the full board on the proposed rule. In early June, so many environmentalists, refinery workers, union officials and local residents offered public comment that the board had to delay the hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, more than 300 people spoke during the public comment periods of both meetings, according to the air district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Wednesday's public comment period, board director John Bauters, a member of the Emeryville City Council who chaired the district committee that first approved the rule, implored his colleagues to act aggressively to protect people who live near the region's refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Oil and gas companies have built a multi-billion dollar industry at the expense of largely brown, Black, impoverished or politically underrepresented communities for decades,\" Bauters said. \"They have externalized hazardous materials, pollution and waste onto the people we as a board collectively represent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists and health advocates have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11874932/air-regulators-weigh-plan-aimed-at-dramatically-cutting-bay-area-refinery-pollution\">urged\u003c/a> the board to approve the proposal. They emphasized the need to protect the health of residents who live near the refineries, many of whom are low-income people of color in areas with higher rates of respiratory disease. Refineries in other parts of the country use the wet gas scrubbers, they said, and the ones in the Bay Area could easily follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am asking the air district to stand with me for our mothers and our babies and to remain true to their mission,\" said Dr. Teresa Muñoz, an obstetrician-gynecologist in Richmond, at a press conference in late May held a few blocks from the Chevron refinery. \"Please keep your word.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Davina Hurt, Bay Area Air Quality Management District board director\"]'People are being asked to wait. It's very reminiscent to what my parents and their parents have heard living in the South... In this case you need to wait to breathe clean air. 'Wait' almost always means 'never.' '[/pullquote]Some oil executives, labor leaders and refinery workers urged directors to go with a less stringent proposal. They said the one the board approved Wednesday will hurt jobs, raise the cost of gasoline and hurt local airports that rely on the two refineries. They also said the large devices they may need to buy to satisfy the new rule use too much water and won't achieve the environmental gains predicted by the air agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement after the vote, Chevron said it has already reduced its particulate matter releases, argued those reductions were greater than the ones required under the new rule and indicated it might sue the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, rather than rely on actual data from our facility, Air Board Members adopted a rule based on erroneous data that fails to significantly improve local air quality at an extreme cost that could impact Bay Area consumers who rely on affordable energy in their daily lives,\" company spokesman Brian Hubinger said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The rule threatens the supply of affordable, reliable and ever-cleaner energy at a time when our regional economy is still struggling to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. In this case, the rulemaking effort is so flawed that we will investigate our legal options to ensure we can meet environmental goals, continue to provide fuels that meet strict environmental standards and save energy jobs in our community,\" Chevron's Hubinger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBF Energy executives have told the air district the rule would force them to close down their refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement after Wednesday's hearing, PBF's Western Region President, Paul Davis, said the company expected the vote would come down the way it did and emphasized that the new rule only required emissions reductions, not necessarily the installation of a wet gas scrubber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PBF has previously planned projects that will be implemented over the coming months that will allow our Martinez refinery to achieve emissions reductions significantly closer to the desired level in the first quarter of 2022,\" Davis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will continue to work with the BAAQMD to arrive at our mutually desired goal of improving air quality and continuing to provide our vital products to one of the largest fuel markets in the world,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='refineries']A proposal floated during Wednesday's meeting to delay the vote and bring along the other, less-stringent rule to a future hearing lost steam after a growing number of directors indicated they wanted to move forward now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Director Davina Hurt, a Belmont City Council member, likened efforts to delay the vote to the nation's slow pace in responding to calls for racial equality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are being asked to wait. It's very reminiscent to what my parents and their parents have heard living in the South and in Indiana and [which was] prominent during the civil rights movement and even emancipation,\" Hurt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In this case, you need to wait to breathe clean air,\" she said. \"'Wait' almost always means 'never.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule change is aimed at cutting down the amount of particulate matter released into the air from refineries' fluidized catalytic cracking units. Those units use a chemical catalyst to help break down heavy crude oil into lighter components for products like gasoline. During the cracking process, the catalyst is coated with a carbon material called coke, which is then burned off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district said that the procedure emits more particulate matter than any other part of the refining process and makes up a significant portion of each plant's total emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air district staff said the rule change will save lives and millions of dollars in health costs. They said agency studies found that the predominantly Latino and Black communities in the areas around the refineries were exposed to particulate matter at a disproportionately higher rate than others in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some directors and others expressed concern about the amount of water wet gas scrubbers use - and that bringing them on in a drought would exacerbate the region's worsening water supply. Air district staff and other supporters of the proposal said the increase in water use is small compared to what the refineries already use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule is set to take effect in five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Oil and gas companies have built a multi-billion dollar industry at the expense of largely brown, Black, impoverished or politically underrepresented communities for decades,\" Bauters said. \"They have externalized hazardous materials, pollution and waste onto the people we as a board collectively represent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists and health advocates have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11874932/air-regulators-weigh-plan-aimed-at-dramatically-cutting-bay-area-refinery-pollution\">urged\u003c/a> the board to approve the proposal. They emphasized the need to protect the health of residents who live near the refineries, many of whom are low-income people of color in areas with higher rates of respiratory disease. Refineries in other parts of the country use the wet gas scrubbers, they said, and the ones in the Bay Area could easily follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am asking the air district to stand with me for our mothers and our babies and to remain true to their mission,\" said Dr. Teresa Muñoz, an obstetrician-gynecologist in Richmond, at a press conference in late May held a few blocks from the Chevron refinery. \"Please keep your word.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Some oil executives, labor leaders and refinery workers urged directors to go with a less stringent proposal. They said the one the board approved Wednesday will hurt jobs, raise the cost of gasoline and hurt local airports that rely on the two refineries. They also said the large devices they may need to buy to satisfy the new rule use too much water and won't achieve the environmental gains predicted by the air agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement after the vote, Chevron said it has already reduced its particulate matter releases, argued those reductions were greater than the ones required under the new rule and indicated it might sue the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, rather than rely on actual data from our facility, Air Board Members adopted a rule based on erroneous data that fails to significantly improve local air quality at an extreme cost that could impact Bay Area consumers who rely on affordable energy in their daily lives,\" company spokesman Brian Hubinger said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The rule threatens the supply of affordable, reliable and ever-cleaner energy at a time when our regional economy is still struggling to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. In this case, the rulemaking effort is so flawed that we will investigate our legal options to ensure we can meet environmental goals, continue to provide fuels that meet strict environmental standards and save energy jobs in our community,\" Chevron's Hubinger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBF Energy executives have told the air district the rule would force them to close down their refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement after Wednesday's hearing, PBF's Western Region President, Paul Davis, said the company expected the vote would come down the way it did and emphasized that the new rule only required emissions reductions, not necessarily the installation of a wet gas scrubber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PBF has previously planned projects that will be implemented over the coming months that will allow our Martinez refinery to achieve emissions reductions significantly closer to the desired level in the first quarter of 2022,\" Davis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will continue to work with the BAAQMD to arrive at our mutually desired goal of improving air quality and continuing to provide our vital products to one of the largest fuel markets in the world,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A proposal floated during Wednesday's meeting to delay the vote and bring along the other, less-stringent rule to a future hearing lost steam after a growing number of directors indicated they wanted to move forward now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Director Davina Hurt, a Belmont City Council member, likened efforts to delay the vote to the nation's slow pace in responding to calls for racial equality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are being asked to wait. It's very reminiscent to what my parents and their parents have heard living in the South and in Indiana and [which was] prominent during the civil rights movement and even emancipation,\" Hurt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In this case, you need to wait to breathe clean air,\" she said. \"'Wait' almost always means 'never.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule change is aimed at cutting down the amount of particulate matter released into the air from refineries' fluidized catalytic cracking units. Those units use a chemical catalyst to help break down heavy crude oil into lighter components for products like gasoline. During the cracking process, the catalyst is coated with a carbon material called coke, which is then burned off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district said that the procedure emits more particulate matter than any other part of the refining process and makes up a significant portion of each plant's total emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air district staff said the rule change will save lives and millions of dollars in health costs. They said agency studies found that the predominantly Latino and Black communities in the areas around the refineries were exposed to particulate matter at a disproportionately higher rate than others in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some directors and others expressed concern about the amount of water wet gas scrubbers use - and that bringing them on in a drought would exacerbate the region's worsening water supply. Air district staff and other supporters of the proposal said the increase in water use is small compared to what the refineries already use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule is set to take effect in five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This week, San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo was among six local government leaders sitting at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/06/23/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-announces-comprehensive-strategy-to-prevent-and-respond-to-gun-crime-and-ensure-public-safety/\">roundtable discussion\u003c/a> with President Biden and other White House officials to discuss their plans to reduce gun violence in their cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Sam Liccardo has pushed for gun control laws that would curb gun violence and crimes in San Jose since before the Gilroy Garlic Festival mass shooting in 2019. Following another one this year that left 10 dead at a VTA rail yard near downtown San Jose, Liccardo’s multi-point platform that would further regulate gun ownership has gained political traction. The question now is whether local municipal ordinances can survive inevitable challenges in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Ted Miller, researcher at Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation\"]‘Many taxpayers don’t even realize that most emergency medical response is paid for by their local government, not by insurance.’[/pullquote]\u003cbr>\n“The President demonstrated a genuine commitment to partnering with cities to stem the tide of gun violence, and to scaling innovative solutions that are emerging in our cities,” Liccardo said. “I look forward to rolling up our sleeves with our federal partners. We have much work to do, and lives hang in the balance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose is looking to spend $20 million from Biden’s American Rescue Plan and Federal Emergency Management Agency dollars to fund the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/your-government/departments-offices/mayor-and-city-council/mayor-s-office/our-work/resilience-corps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Resilience Corps Program\u003c/a>, which would provide employment for at-risk youth in the city. The U.S. Department of Justice is also launching a gun trafficking strike force with Liccardo’s support centered on the Bay Area in San Jose to stem the flow of guns used in crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>An Ambitious Vision for Gun Control\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The gun control ordinances \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880041/san-jose-to-require-gun-owners-to-carry-liability-insurance\">City Council passed\u003c/a> last month include various strategies to combat gun violence and crime, including requiring licensed gun dealers to videotape their sales. City officials believe this could mitigate straw purchases, which is when someone legally buys a firearm on behalf of someone who cannot legally make that purchase themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other proposals, in particular, have gained national attention because they’ve never been tried before:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Mandating gun liability insurance for gun owners to incentivize owners to take safety classes, store their firearms safely and to practice safe behavior with their guns.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Requiring gun owners to pay an annual fee to offset what taxpayers spend in the aftermath of gun violence.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Ted Miller, a researcher with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pire.org/\">Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation\u003c/a> (PIRE), has been working with the city to draft the measures. His \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/report/the-economic-cost-of-gun-violence/#executive-summary\">preliminary research\u003c/a> found San Jose taxpayers spent $442 million between 2013 and 2019 on costs associated with gun violence, including emergency response, victim support and tax revenue lost when a victim can’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taxpayers don’t think about it that way,” Miller said. “Many taxpayers don’t even realize that most emergency medical response is paid for by their local government, not by insurance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because these proposals have never been tried before, there are real questions about how they’ll be enforced. For example, California\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PEN§ionNum=28205.\"> law\u003c/a> requires most gun sales to go through licensed firearms dealers who are required to electronically report information about sales and transactions to the California DOJ. But that information doesn’t include private sales or guns that might have been stolen. Moreover, there isn’t a gun registry where officials can look up who has what gun in their home, which means enforcing that annual fee gun owners would have to pay or making sure every gun owner has insurance for their firearms could become nearly impossible to enforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/POTUS/status/1414766114228383746\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In the Tweet above, San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo (third from left) meets with President Joe Biden to discuss gun crimes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are practical questions about whether this system can operate in the absence of that type of gun registry,” said John Donohue, an economist and professor of law at Stanford Law School. “If you’ve got a system that is only enforceable through police contact, then you might be shifting the burden of the particular regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose police have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/south-bay/city-of-san-jose-approves-gun-control-plan-imposing-gun-owner-fee-liability-insurance/2582624/\">said\u003c/a> they won’t be knocking on people’s doors and asking to see registration for firearms. Instead, if police come across a firearm in a search, they will ask to see insurance papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Gun Owners of Color Could Be Affected\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Enforcing these laws purely through a police contact concerns P.B. Gomez, the founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://latinorifleassociation.org/\">Latino Rifle Association (LRA)\u003c/a>. He worries that because people of color and low-income people disproportionately encounter police more than other groups, they could be pinched for these laws more than affluent or white gun owners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez, a Mexican American, is keenly aware of how people of color are perceived in some circles in gun ownership communities. He created the group in April of 2020, during the height of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"gun-control\"]“You were seeing, across the country, rising rates of gun ownership,” Gomez said. “Most interestingly, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/06/910194857/black-gun-ownership-rises-amid-pandemic-protests-for-racial-justice\">rising rates of gun ownership\u003c/a> for demographics who didn’t traditionally embrace gun ownership: Black people, Latino people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez wanted to create a space for people new to the world of firearms to ask questions freely and educate themselves. Gomez said he’s skeptical about San Jose’s proposals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re trying to shrink, by any means, the [number] of gun owners and to make gun ownership more of an inconvenience. That will dissuade people from pursuing it,” Gomez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez is concerned that this kind of enforcement strategy will impact the poorest residents and people of color by providing police with one more excuse to search people, charge them with minor offenses and then confiscate their weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose’s proposal does include a waiver for that annual fee and the insurance plan if some gun owners can’t afford it. And in the event a gun owner doesn’t have their insurance or hasn’t paid their annual fee, they would receive a fine and a misdemeanor. City officials argue that, while it hasn’t been tried before, a gun liability insurance mandate is a common-sense measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/MestizoLeftist/status/1412243582065405963\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In the Tweet above, P.B. Gomez takes issue with the rising cost of gun laws.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.deltadefense.com/offers/60da23d5cdfc4/join-the-uscca-today?tID=5f6e270aea094&expid=GAX1.2.2JdFxlUjS6Sl4XRGOCN1Vw.18882.0%21ybJlqX6JROmyZBrXY8uuZQ.18908.2&_gl=1%2Ac7vuh8%2A_ga%2AMjgzMTc2NzA1LjE2MjU4NzA3MzI.%2A_ga_MFZ3H4HBX9%2AMTYyNjI5NzU5MC4yLjAuMTYyNjI5NzU5MC42MA..&_ga=2.162948287.224880330.1626297590-283176705.1625870732\">Myriad\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://ccwsafe.com/\">companies\u003c/a> have offered this kind of insurance to gun owners, particularly those with concealed carry permits, for many years. For a few hundred dollars a year, gun owners can purchase liability insurance for their firearms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Gomez doesn’t think it makes sense for people on the lower end of the economic spectrum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Working-class people in America cannot afford it. It’s just a de facto ban on people owning guns below a certain income level,” Gomez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Inevitable Legal Challenges\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But some experts wonder whether the nuances of how these laws will be enforced matter if these laws can’t survive the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sanjosespotlight.com/up-in-arms-over-san-jose-gun-rules-activists-promise-lawsuits/\">Gun rights activists\u003c/a> have already threatened legal challenges to these ordinances if they pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"P.B. Gomez, founder of the Latino Rifle Association\"]‘It’s just a de facto ban on people owning guns below a certain income level.’[/pullquote]“We recognize that we’re going to face litigation,” Mayor Liccardo said. “We know that in the world of reasonable gun regulation, no good deed goes unlitigated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the legal challenges reach the U.S. Supreme Court, John Donohue isn’t counting on the proposals holding up, especially against the National Rifle Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The justices that Donald Trump put on the court were carefully vetted by the NRA and sometimes very strongly proposed to Trump by the NRA,” Donohue said. “Can [the proposals] be adopted into law and will [they] survive the inevitable challenges?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose’s city attorney is working on making the proposals as legally air-tight as possible before they go before the City Council in September for a final vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week, San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo was among six local government leaders sitting at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/06/23/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-announces-comprehensive-strategy-to-prevent-and-respond-to-gun-crime-and-ensure-public-safety/\">roundtable discussion\u003c/a> with President Biden and other White House officials to discuss their plans to reduce gun violence in their cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Sam Liccardo has pushed for gun control laws that would curb gun violence and crimes in San Jose since before the Gilroy Garlic Festival mass shooting in 2019. Following another one this year that left 10 dead at a VTA rail yard near downtown San Jose, Liccardo’s multi-point platform that would further regulate gun ownership has gained political traction. The question now is whether local municipal ordinances can survive inevitable challenges in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“The President demonstrated a genuine commitment to partnering with cities to stem the tide of gun violence, and to scaling innovative solutions that are emerging in our cities,” Liccardo said. “I look forward to rolling up our sleeves with our federal partners. We have much work to do, and lives hang in the balance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose is looking to spend $20 million from Biden’s American Rescue Plan and Federal Emergency Management Agency dollars to fund the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/your-government/departments-offices/mayor-and-city-council/mayor-s-office/our-work/resilience-corps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Resilience Corps Program\u003c/a>, which would provide employment for at-risk youth in the city. The U.S. Department of Justice is also launching a gun trafficking strike force with Liccardo’s support centered on the Bay Area in San Jose to stem the flow of guns used in crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>An Ambitious Vision for Gun Control\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The gun control ordinances \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880041/san-jose-to-require-gun-owners-to-carry-liability-insurance\">City Council passed\u003c/a> last month include various strategies to combat gun violence and crime, including requiring licensed gun dealers to videotape their sales. City officials believe this could mitigate straw purchases, which is when someone legally buys a firearm on behalf of someone who cannot legally make that purchase themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other proposals, in particular, have gained national attention because they’ve never been tried before:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Mandating gun liability insurance for gun owners to incentivize owners to take safety classes, store their firearms safely and to practice safe behavior with their guns.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Requiring gun owners to pay an annual fee to offset what taxpayers spend in the aftermath of gun violence.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Ted Miller, a researcher with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pire.org/\">Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation\u003c/a> (PIRE), has been working with the city to draft the measures. His \u003ca href=\"https://everytownresearch.org/report/the-economic-cost-of-gun-violence/#executive-summary\">preliminary research\u003c/a> found San Jose taxpayers spent $442 million between 2013 and 2019 on costs associated with gun violence, including emergency response, victim support and tax revenue lost when a victim can’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taxpayers don’t think about it that way,” Miller said. “Many taxpayers don’t even realize that most emergency medical response is paid for by their local government, not by insurance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because these proposals have never been tried before, there are real questions about how they’ll be enforced. For example, California\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PEN§ionNum=28205.\"> law\u003c/a> requires most gun sales to go through licensed firearms dealers who are required to electronically report information about sales and transactions to the California DOJ. But that information doesn’t include private sales or guns that might have been stolen. Moreover, there isn’t a gun registry where officials can look up who has what gun in their home, which means enforcing that annual fee gun owners would have to pay or making sure every gun owner has insurance for their firearms could become nearly impossible to enforce.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In the Tweet above, San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo (third from left) meets with President Joe Biden to discuss gun crimes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are practical questions about whether this system can operate in the absence of that type of gun registry,” said John Donohue, an economist and professor of law at Stanford Law School. “If you’ve got a system that is only enforceable through police contact, then you might be shifting the burden of the particular regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose police have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/south-bay/city-of-san-jose-approves-gun-control-plan-imposing-gun-owner-fee-liability-insurance/2582624/\">said\u003c/a> they won’t be knocking on people’s doors and asking to see registration for firearms. Instead, if police come across a firearm in a search, they will ask to see insurance papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Gun Owners of Color Could Be Affected\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Enforcing these laws purely through a police contact concerns P.B. Gomez, the founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://latinorifleassociation.org/\">Latino Rifle Association (LRA)\u003c/a>. He worries that because people of color and low-income people disproportionately encounter police more than other groups, they could be pinched for these laws more than affluent or white gun owners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez, a Mexican American, is keenly aware of how people of color are perceived in some circles in gun ownership communities. He created the group in April of 2020, during the height of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“You were seeing, across the country, rising rates of gun ownership,” Gomez said. “Most interestingly, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/06/910194857/black-gun-ownership-rises-amid-pandemic-protests-for-racial-justice\">rising rates of gun ownership\u003c/a> for demographics who didn’t traditionally embrace gun ownership: Black people, Latino people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez wanted to create a space for people new to the world of firearms to ask questions freely and educate themselves. Gomez said he’s skeptical about San Jose’s proposals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re trying to shrink, by any means, the [number] of gun owners and to make gun ownership more of an inconvenience. That will dissuade people from pursuing it,” Gomez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez is concerned that this kind of enforcement strategy will impact the poorest residents and people of color by providing police with one more excuse to search people, charge them with minor offenses and then confiscate their weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose’s proposal does include a waiver for that annual fee and the insurance plan if some gun owners can’t afford it. And in the event a gun owner doesn’t have their insurance or hasn’t paid their annual fee, they would receive a fine and a misdemeanor. City officials argue that, while it hasn’t been tried before, a gun liability insurance mandate is a common-sense measure.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In the Tweet above, P.B. Gomez takes issue with the rising cost of gun laws.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.deltadefense.com/offers/60da23d5cdfc4/join-the-uscca-today?tID=5f6e270aea094&expid=GAX1.2.2JdFxlUjS6Sl4XRGOCN1Vw.18882.0%21ybJlqX6JROmyZBrXY8uuZQ.18908.2&_gl=1%2Ac7vuh8%2A_ga%2AMjgzMTc2NzA1LjE2MjU4NzA3MzI.%2A_ga_MFZ3H4HBX9%2AMTYyNjI5NzU5MC4yLjAuMTYyNjI5NzU5MC42MA..&_ga=2.162948287.224880330.1626297590-283176705.1625870732\">Myriad\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://ccwsafe.com/\">companies\u003c/a> have offered this kind of insurance to gun owners, particularly those with concealed carry permits, for many years. For a few hundred dollars a year, gun owners can purchase liability insurance for their firearms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Gomez doesn’t think it makes sense for people on the lower end of the economic spectrum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Working-class people in America cannot afford it. It’s just a de facto ban on people owning guns below a certain income level,” Gomez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Inevitable Legal Challenges\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But some experts wonder whether the nuances of how these laws will be enforced matter if these laws can’t survive the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sanjosespotlight.com/up-in-arms-over-san-jose-gun-rules-activists-promise-lawsuits/\">Gun rights activists\u003c/a> have already threatened legal challenges to these ordinances if they pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We recognize that we’re going to face litigation,” Mayor Liccardo said. “We know that in the world of reasonable gun regulation, no good deed goes unlitigated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the legal challenges reach the U.S. Supreme Court, John Donohue isn’t counting on the proposals holding up, especially against the National Rifle Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The justices that Donald Trump put on the court were carefully vetted by the NRA and sometimes very strongly proposed to Trump by the NRA,” Donohue said. “Can [the proposals] be adopted into law and will [they] survive the inevitable challenges?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose’s city attorney is working on making the proposals as legally air-tight as possible before they go before the City Council in September for a final vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sixth grade teacher Hilary Hall had just started teaching one Monday morning in September when her teacher’s group chats at Newhall School District exploded with confused messages. Teachers in the Santa Clarita school district — located just north of Los Angeles — were panicking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Hall had no issues logging onto her computer from home, many of her colleagues, connected to the school district’s server, were met with a mysterious pop-up message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It said users wouldn’t be able to log into the server.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People turned to Hall, co-president of the district’s teachers union, for information, but she didn’t know what was going on either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few minutes later, an answer arrived via phone call from each grade’s head teacher: The school district, all 10 schools representing under 6,000 children, had been hit with a ransomware attack. All teachers were instructed to log off immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Read a book!” Hall told the kids in her class, trying to think of educational activities on the spot as she quickly logged off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While incidents like \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/recode/22428774/ransomeware-pipeline-colonial-darkside-gas-prices\">the Colonial pipeline ransomware attack\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/kaseya-ransomware-attack-11625593654?mod=article_inline\">Kaseya attack\u003c/a> received international attention, schools and universities have also been on the wrong end of cybercriminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts interviewed by CalMatters — including researchers, cybersecurity companies, IT employees and the FBI — all agree the number of cyberattacks has increased during the pandemic. Many believe the number of attacks on the education sector has also increased, but it’s an area so new to cybercrime that there’s virtually no comprehensive data on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California schools, colleges and universities have scrambled to adjust. In the past five years, more than two dozen California school systems have been targeted, from Rialto Unified School District in San Bernardino to Stanford University’s School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to the ransomware attack last September, Newhall had implemented what experts consider commonsense security measures like internal firewalls to prevent malicious software from affecting entire systems. A few times a year, the IT department even sent students and employees fake “phishing” emails — deceptive emails enticing users to click on malicious links or reveal sensitive information — to see if they would click on suspicious links that could compromise their networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But none of these efforts stopped cybercriminals from attacking the district’s computer systems and rendering over 6,000 elementary school students and teachers without normal school for a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we heard that it was ransomware, it was almost like, ‘Are we in a movie?’ Like, what in the world?” Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Ransomware Attacks Work\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ransomware attacks use a specific type of malicious software to encrypt files on computers connected to the internet, essentially locking out organizations from accessing their files. The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/threats-to-california-electricity-grid/\">cybercriminals\u003c/a> then demand a ransom to decrypt the files.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, these attacks are “double-pronged,” meaning the criminals will threaten to sell (or when there’s potential for blackmail, release) sensitive information in order to provide an extra incentive for fast payment. Coveware, a well-known Connecticut-based ransomware recovery firm, found that 77% of ransomware attacks\u003ca href=\"https://www.coveware.com/blog/ransomware-attack-vectors-shift-as-new-software-vulnerability-exploits-abound\"> threatened to leak data\u003c/a> in the first quarter of 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emsisoft, a New Zealand-based software company, expects these \u003ca href=\"https://blog.emsisoft.com/en/37314/the-state-of-ransomware-in-the-us-report-and-statistics-2020/\">data theft attacks\u003c/a> to double in 2021, with cybercriminals finding more ways to make stolen data useful in extracting a ransom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center, which tracks complaints of cybercrimes (not just ransomware), \u003ca href=\"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/PDF/AnnualReport/2020_IC3Report.pdf\">said it received 791,790 complaints in 2020, a 165% increase from 2016\u003c/a>. The complaints only reflect crimes reported to the FBI, so the actual number in any given year is larger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as COVID-19 forced many organizations, from schools to huge corporations, to move even more of their systems online, cybercrime increased, said Ronald Manuel, a supervisor on the FBI’s Los Angeles cyber task force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/c29acf04-97ef-4918-b9be-19c839f52b2d?src=embed\" title=\"2020 cyber crime victims by state\" width=\"550\" height=\"705\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools and universities confronted an unprecedented increase in attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, cybercriminal attacks affected at least 1,681 schools and universities across the country, according to \u003ca href=\"https://blog.emsisoft.com/en/37314/the-state-of-ransomware-in-the-us-report-and-statistics-2020/\">research\u003c/a> by Emsisoft. In \u003ca href=\"https://blog.emsisoft.com/en/34822/the-state-of-ransomware-in-the-us-report-and-statistics-2019/\">2019\u003c/a>, only 89 were attacked with ransomware, although over 1,000 more were potentially affected. These numbers represent a minimum of ransomware attacks, Emsisoft said — there are no federal reporting requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seculore Solutions, a software company based in Maryland, has recorded 122 \u003ca href=\"https://www.seculore.com/resources/cyber-attack-archive/california\">cyberattacks in California\u003c/a> across the public safety, government, medical and education sectors since 2016. At least 26 of those cyberattacks have targeted California school districts, colleges and universities, including the University of California, Sierra College, College of the Desert and Visalia Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the data on cyberattacks seems sketchy and incomplete, that’s because it is. Nick Merrill, a cybersecurity researcher at UC Berkeley, said he doesn’t know of an archive for cyberattacks in California. “But if you find one, please let me know,” he wrote in an email to CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s ultimately a mystery how ransomware crews pick their specific targets, the education sector is vulnerable for a few reasons, according to multiple experts. Tight budgets prevent them from having the resources to stop cyberattacks. Unique characteristics — like an open WiFi network — make schools particularly vulnerable. And they are also dependent on their online systems: They wouldn’t be able to function without grading systems or other file-sharing software.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11873288\" label=\"CA Vulernable to Cyber Attacks\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re essentially low-hanging fruit,” said Andrew Brandt, a malware researcher with SophosLabs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools could also be a quick and easy payout for “ransomware crews” who make a living off of these attacks, Merrill said. Experts believe that many of these cybercriminals\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/kaseya-ransomware-attack-11625593654?mod=article_inline\"> are located in Russia or the former USSR\u003c/a>, where ransomware is a lucrative business in an otherwise depressed economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of them, so you can keep hitting these (schools and colleges) all across the U.S., all across maybe even the world, and you can get a pretty consistent payout every time,” Merrill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while ransomware attacks are increasing in schools across California and the country, key players are struggling to play catch-up. School administrators, experts and government officials are having different conversations, if any at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-do-you-pay-ransomware-attackers-or-not\">Do you pay ransomware attackers or not?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The week of the ransomware attack at Newhall School District, teachers uploaded videos to the school district’s website as a form of makeshift online school. All students in the district watched the same videos. Hall said some of her students felt that week was “a bit of a waste,” because the lesson plans were so generic. She said teachers felt guilty about “leaving our kids stranded without our support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the district’s four-person IT department was working overtime. The district’s 310 teachers were at a standstill until the systems were online and ransomware-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Hilary Hall, teacher\"]‘When we heard that it was ransomware, it was almost like, ‘Are we in a movie?’ Like, what in the world?’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, the district had purchased cyber insurance a few years back. Its insurer — Alliance of Schools for Cooperative Insurance Programs — contracted with Alvaka, an advanced network services and security company, to help retrieve files, according to one Newhall administrator. District officials would not say if they paid the ransom or not. Doing so would be considered controversial; the FBI advises against paying ransoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Superintendent Jeff Pelzel did say teachers’ intellectual property — their lesson plans — were taken into consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course, the FBI doesn’t want anyone to pay anything for the ransom,” Pelzel said. But if you put a dollar value on the time it takes to make lesson plans, some of which have been developed over a decade, it can become difficult to decide whether to pay or not. “It would be devastating for staff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the next week, students and teachers were able to access their online classrooms again. Within a few months, most of the district’s other programs and servers were running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newhall has since upped its cybersecurity efforts: more frequent phishing exercises, required cybersecurity training for every employee, more operations in the cloud and two-factor authentication for administrators, among other measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ransomware protocols for schools still evolving\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A couple of months after the ransomware attack, Newhall applied for an exemption from the California Department of Education to add days onto the end of the school year. These are typically granted for school shootings, wildfires and other emergencies where students had missed days of quality instruction from school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the department initially denied Newhall’s request, only to reverse itself about half a year later. Cyberattacks did not meet the state’s criteria and it took months of advocacy from Pelzel to reverse the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelzel has said the federal government should fund cybersecurity for all school districts. He also called for a crisis manual for ransomware attacks, similar to crisis procedures for active shooters and earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, we live in a society where governments are reactive rather than proactive,” Brian Walters, president of Newhall’s school board, said. “It takes usually some sort of disaster for people to take a hard look at what needs to be improved. California is frankly, behind … but eventually (it shows) a history of catching up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trade organizations — including the California School Boards Association and Association of California School Administrators — don’t offer cybersecurity resources or guidance and directed CalMatters to the California Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the department started working on cybersecurity for schools just recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary Nicely, the department’s point person for cybersecurity efforts, said she was tasked with working on cybersecurity just a few weeks ago, although the department’s data management team had previously provided resources to help schools understand digital literacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t say, ‘Hey, everybody put your money into cybersecurity or allocate this much of your budget to that,’ ” Nicely said. “Those are individual decisions of the school districts. I think we should be giving more guidance in that area. I don’t think (the California Department of Education) has done that in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Read a book!” Hall told the kids in her class, trying to think of educational activities on the spot as she quickly logged off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While incidents like \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/recode/22428774/ransomeware-pipeline-colonial-darkside-gas-prices\">the Colonial pipeline ransomware attack\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/kaseya-ransomware-attack-11625593654?mod=article_inline\">Kaseya attack\u003c/a> received international attention, schools and universities have also been on the wrong end of cybercriminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts interviewed by CalMatters — including researchers, cybersecurity companies, IT employees and the FBI — all agree the number of cyberattacks has increased during the pandemic. Many believe the number of attacks on the education sector has also increased, but it’s an area so new to cybercrime that there’s virtually no comprehensive data on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California schools, colleges and universities have scrambled to adjust. In the past five years, more than two dozen California school systems have been targeted, from Rialto Unified School District in San Bernardino to Stanford University’s School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to the ransomware attack last September, Newhall had implemented what experts consider commonsense security measures like internal firewalls to prevent malicious software from affecting entire systems. A few times a year, the IT department even sent students and employees fake “phishing” emails — deceptive emails enticing users to click on malicious links or reveal sensitive information — to see if they would click on suspicious links that could compromise their networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But none of these efforts stopped cybercriminals from attacking the district’s computer systems and rendering over 6,000 elementary school students and teachers without normal school for a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we heard that it was ransomware, it was almost like, ‘Are we in a movie?’ Like, what in the world?” Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Ransomware Attacks Work\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ransomware attacks use a specific type of malicious software to encrypt files on computers connected to the internet, essentially locking out organizations from accessing their files. The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/threats-to-california-electricity-grid/\">cybercriminals\u003c/a> then demand a ransom to decrypt the files.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, these attacks are “double-pronged,” meaning the criminals will threaten to sell (or when there’s potential for blackmail, release) sensitive information in order to provide an extra incentive for fast payment. Coveware, a well-known Connecticut-based ransomware recovery firm, found that 77% of ransomware attacks\u003ca href=\"https://www.coveware.com/blog/ransomware-attack-vectors-shift-as-new-software-vulnerability-exploits-abound\"> threatened to leak data\u003c/a> in the first quarter of 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emsisoft, a New Zealand-based software company, expects these \u003ca href=\"https://blog.emsisoft.com/en/37314/the-state-of-ransomware-in-the-us-report-and-statistics-2020/\">data theft attacks\u003c/a> to double in 2021, with cybercriminals finding more ways to make stolen data useful in extracting a ransom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center, which tracks complaints of cybercrimes (not just ransomware), \u003ca href=\"https://www.ic3.gov/Media/PDF/AnnualReport/2020_IC3Report.pdf\">said it received 791,790 complaints in 2020, a 165% increase from 2016\u003c/a>. The complaints only reflect crimes reported to the FBI, so the actual number in any given year is larger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as COVID-19 forced many organizations, from schools to huge corporations, to move even more of their systems online, cybercrime increased, said Ronald Manuel, a supervisor on the FBI’s Los Angeles cyber task force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://e.infogram.com/c29acf04-97ef-4918-b9be-19c839f52b2d?src=embed\" title=\"2020 cyber crime victims by state\" width=\"550\" height=\"705\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools and universities confronted an unprecedented increase in attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, cybercriminal attacks affected at least 1,681 schools and universities across the country, according to \u003ca href=\"https://blog.emsisoft.com/en/37314/the-state-of-ransomware-in-the-us-report-and-statistics-2020/\">research\u003c/a> by Emsisoft. In \u003ca href=\"https://blog.emsisoft.com/en/34822/the-state-of-ransomware-in-the-us-report-and-statistics-2019/\">2019\u003c/a>, only 89 were attacked with ransomware, although over 1,000 more were potentially affected. These numbers represent a minimum of ransomware attacks, Emsisoft said — there are no federal reporting requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seculore Solutions, a software company based in Maryland, has recorded 122 \u003ca href=\"https://www.seculore.com/resources/cyber-attack-archive/california\">cyberattacks in California\u003c/a> across the public safety, government, medical and education sectors since 2016. At least 26 of those cyberattacks have targeted California school districts, colleges and universities, including the University of California, Sierra College, College of the Desert and Visalia Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the data on cyberattacks seems sketchy and incomplete, that’s because it is. Nick Merrill, a cybersecurity researcher at UC Berkeley, said he doesn’t know of an archive for cyberattacks in California. “But if you find one, please let me know,” he wrote in an email to CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s ultimately a mystery how ransomware crews pick their specific targets, the education sector is vulnerable for a few reasons, according to multiple experts. Tight budgets prevent them from having the resources to stop cyberattacks. Unique characteristics — like an open WiFi network — make schools particularly vulnerable. And they are also dependent on their online systems: They wouldn’t be able to function without grading systems or other file-sharing software.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re essentially low-hanging fruit,” said Andrew Brandt, a malware researcher with SophosLabs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools could also be a quick and easy payout for “ransomware crews” who make a living off of these attacks, Merrill said. Experts believe that many of these cybercriminals\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/kaseya-ransomware-attack-11625593654?mod=article_inline\"> are located in Russia or the former USSR\u003c/a>, where ransomware is a lucrative business in an otherwise depressed economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of them, so you can keep hitting these (schools and colleges) all across the U.S., all across maybe even the world, and you can get a pretty consistent payout every time,” Merrill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while ransomware attacks are increasing in schools across California and the country, key players are struggling to play catch-up. School administrators, experts and government officials are having different conversations, if any at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-do-you-pay-ransomware-attackers-or-not\">Do you pay ransomware attackers or not?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The week of the ransomware attack at Newhall School District, teachers uploaded videos to the school district’s website as a form of makeshift online school. All students in the district watched the same videos. Hall said some of her students felt that week was “a bit of a waste,” because the lesson plans were so generic. She said teachers felt guilty about “leaving our kids stranded without our support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the district’s four-person IT department was working overtime. The district’s 310 teachers were at a standstill until the systems were online and ransomware-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, the district had purchased cyber insurance a few years back. Its insurer — Alliance of Schools for Cooperative Insurance Programs — contracted with Alvaka, an advanced network services and security company, to help retrieve files, according to one Newhall administrator. District officials would not say if they paid the ransom or not. Doing so would be considered controversial; the FBI advises against paying ransoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Superintendent Jeff Pelzel did say teachers’ intellectual property — their lesson plans — were taken into consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course, the FBI doesn’t want anyone to pay anything for the ransom,” Pelzel said. But if you put a dollar value on the time it takes to make lesson plans, some of which have been developed over a decade, it can become difficult to decide whether to pay or not. “It would be devastating for staff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the next week, students and teachers were able to access their online classrooms again. Within a few months, most of the district’s other programs and servers were running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newhall has since upped its cybersecurity efforts: more frequent phishing exercises, required cybersecurity training for every employee, more operations in the cloud and two-factor authentication for administrators, among other measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ransomware protocols for schools still evolving\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A couple of months after the ransomware attack, Newhall applied for an exemption from the California Department of Education to add days onto the end of the school year. These are typically granted for school shootings, wildfires and other emergencies where students had missed days of quality instruction from school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the department initially denied Newhall’s request, only to reverse itself about half a year later. Cyberattacks did not meet the state’s criteria and it took months of advocacy from Pelzel to reverse the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelzel has said the federal government should fund cybersecurity for all school districts. He also called for a crisis manual for ransomware attacks, similar to crisis procedures for active shooters and earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, we live in a society where governments are reactive rather than proactive,” Brian Walters, president of Newhall’s school board, said. “It takes usually some sort of disaster for people to take a hard look at what needs to be improved. California is frankly, behind … but eventually (it shows) a history of catching up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trade organizations — including the California School Boards Association and Association of California School Administrators — don’t offer cybersecurity resources or guidance and directed CalMatters to the California Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the department started working on cybersecurity for schools just recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary Nicely, the department’s point person for cybersecurity efforts, said she was tasked with working on cybersecurity just a few weeks ago, although the department’s data management team had previously provided resources to help schools understand digital literacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t say, ‘Hey, everybody put your money into cybersecurity or allocate this much of your budget to that,’ ” Nicely said. “Those are individual decisions of the school districts. I think we should be giving more guidance in that area. I don’t think (the California Department of Education) has done that in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/thisplanet_060821_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11877151\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/thisplanet_060821_final.png\" alt='A Mark Fiore cartoon showing aliens flying over the Bay Area with lights and warnings on their dashboard that read, \"mega drought, carbon levels and extreme fire danger,\" as one alien says, \"I thought you said this planet could support life!\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1415\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/thisplanet_060821_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/thisplanet_060821_final-800x590.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/thisplanet_060821_final-1020x752.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/thisplanet_060821_final-160x118.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/thisplanet_060821_final-1536x1132.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. intelligence agencies are taking \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreufos\">UFO sightings\u003c/a> more seriously as they release a report on “unidentified aerial phenomena.” (Spoiler alert: They’re not quite sure what these things are.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there are aliens zipping along at hypersonic speeds overhead, they’re probably wondering about the tinder-dry landscape they’re seeing around the western United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The little green creatures may have missed their ideal time to colonize our planet by a century or so …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Some \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2016/cb16-139.html\">5 million Americans today work in information technology, \u003c/a>based on the latest U.S. Census Bureau count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That marks a growth of more than 35% over the last two decades, and doesn’t even factor in the many millions of workers in other industries whose jobs have become increasingly tech-focused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Marcus Courtney, former Microsoft contractor\"]‘Your actual personal experience as a tech worker is very different than the perception that’s been shaped in the popular culture and media.’[/pullquote]Despite the rapid growth of its workforce, the tech sector is still among the least unionized major industries in the country. But that’s not for lack of trying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20200318140849/https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1071&context=lrr\">For decades\u003c/a>, tech workers have faced consistent hurdles to organizing: lack of power on the job, workforces spread across the world, false narratives about working conditions, and staunch resistance from management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Noyce, co-founder of Intel, \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=GGQLLFDTudIC&pg=PA155&lpg=PA155&dq=remaining+non-union+is+an+essential+for+survival+for+most+of+our+companies.+If+we+had+the+work+rules+that+unionized+companies+have,+we%27d+all+go+out+of+business.+noyce&source=bl&ots=hCegxKzk0m&sig=efIv11ybFeTj6nqLgC3mlIeqgdA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiMntDJw-jSAhUG1mMKHZfgCysQ6AEIHDAA#v=onepage&q=remaining%20non-union%20is%20an%20essential%20for%20survival%20for%20most%20of%20our%20companies.%20If%20we%20had%20the%20work%20rules%20that%20unionized%20companies%20have%2C%20we'd%20all%20go%20out%20of%20business.%20noyce&f=false\">once reportedly argued\u003c/a> that “remaining non-union is essential for survival for most of our companies. If we had the work rules that unionized companies have, we’d all go out of business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite staunch opposition, tech workers decades ago tried to build solidarity, first in high-tech manufacturing and then IT work.\u003ca href=\"https://truthout.org/articles/up-against-the-open-shop-the-hidden-story-of-silicon-valley-s-high-tech-workers-2/\"> In the 1970s\u003c/a>, organizing in Silicon Valley was led by largely underpaid women and people of color at semiconductor plants in Silicon Valley, like Fairchild Semiconductor and National Semiconductor. \u003ca href=\"https://www.fastcompany.com/40787/permatemps-contretemps\">In the 1990s,\u003c/a> there was another surge of organizing among IT workers at software companies like Microsoft and then-nascent online retailers like Amazon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"tech-industry\"]More recently, labor organizers have succeeded at unionizing tech workers at a handful of companies, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11839817/how-a-scrappy-group-of-tech-workers-formed-one-of-the-only-unions-in-the-industry\">Kickstarter \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11873927/they-work-for-an-app-they-deliver-groceries-and-now-they-have-a-union\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Imperfect Foods\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But organizing efforts are also running into many of the same historical roadblocks — along with some new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Organizing in the CD-ROM Era\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Marcus Courtney got an intimate look at the wave of tech worker organizing efforts in the 1990s. At the time, he was a test engineer at Microsoft, working on “mail products,” and a bunch of applications that now sound ancient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courtney said that, like today, many people then thought they’d be set for life if they got a job working on cutting edge technology at a place like Microsoft. But similar to many modern tech workers, Courtney was a Microsoft contractor, not an employee, so he didn’t enjoy the benefits, relatively high salaries or stock options of some of the people he worked alongside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your actual personal experience as a tech worker is very different than the perception that’s been shaped in the popular culture and media,” Courtney said. “And I think that’s why we decided it was time to take action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courtney and other contractors formed a group called Washington Alliance of Technology Workers, or\u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227538285_Collective_Representation_Among_High-Tech_Workers_at_Microsoft_and_Beyond_Lessons_from_WashTechCWA\"> WashTech\u003c/a>, with help from the Communications Workers of America union. Around the same time, several hundred IBM workers created a group called \u003ca href=\"https://www.postbulletin.com/news/business/alliance-ibm-dissolves-after-years/article_a1724fe8-a672-5442-986a-77a3259fd951.html\">Alliance@IBM\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these union organizing efforts fell far short of recruiting the large percentage of workers required for recognition by the National Labor Relations Board. And most of these group are now long since defunct.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Myth of the Pampered Tech Worker\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Following the dot-com bust in 2000, a wave of new tech companies promised more power and autonomy for their workers. The general pitch: These startups wouldn’t have standard top-down corporate hierarchies. Instead they would be “flat organizations,” where anyone with a good idea could be heard and rewarded with perks and pay. Meritocracy would rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Media outlets ate up and amplified this narrative for years, running stories that marveled at the gilded conditions of a relatively small group of elite workers at Silicon Valley companies like Google and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/_QqT38QRA84\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The media portrays tech workers as being in a position of power and control — the world is their oyster. They can switch jobs if they want and they have huge bargaining power,” said Ronil Hira, a political science professor at Howard University who has followed the tech labor market for two decades. “In reality, most tech workers are on the receiving end. They don’t have much control over their employment situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This stereotype of privilege and power has long obscured the realities of the tech workforce, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hira notes that a majority of tech workers are not even located in Silicon Valley; they can more often be found in the back offices of insurance agencies, banks, and media organizations around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And unlike the common depiction of pampered engineers in Silicon Valley, he adds, many tech workers face the same labor issues as those in other industries: stagnant pay, temporary contracts, the threat of outsourcing, and little say over working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Changing Attitudes on Unions\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>After some initial scrutiny in the 1990s, federal labor regulators largely let up on the tech industry after the dot-com bust, taking a generally light-handed approach to ongoing concerns like its heavy reliance on long-term temporary workers and outsourcing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even as labor issues persisted, there still wasn’t much appetite among workers to unionize. While tech workers in the U.S. shied away from unions, those in other countries more commonly adopted them, a contrast that \u003ca href=\"https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1043&context=clsoc_crim_facpub\">prompted a string of studies\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1043&context=clsoc_crim_facpub\"> \u003c/a>detailing various tech worker organizing efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jennifer Dorning, Department for Professional Employees\"]There was a general belief in the early 2000s that folks felt they could do better on their own and that they didn’t need a union.’[/pullquote]“There was a general belief in the early 2000s that folks felt they could do better on their own and that they didn’t need a union,” said Jennifer Dorning, president of the Department for Professional Employees, AFL-CIO\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the late 2000s and early 2010s, as a new class of tech startups took off, Dorning said attitudes among rank-and-file workers began shifting. In the early 2000s the AFL-CIO Department for Professional Employees started conducting survey of tech workers across the country found. In 2004, the survey showed that just 33% supported unionizing their workplace. By 2016, that had grown to 59%.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Top-Down Organizing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Tech workers at places \u003ca href=\"https://current.org/2021/04/npr-plans-to-recognize-digital-staffers-union/\">like NPR\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2021/03/02/following-unionization-glitch-signs-collective-bargaining-agreement/\">software collaboration company Glitch\u003c/a> have since unionized. And at The New York Times, a group of over 650 IT workers are currently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11869185/the-biggest-tech-unionization-effort-is-happening-at-the-new-york-times\">trying to join the union\u003c/a> that represents their journalist peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexander Peterson is a software engineer trying to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11854528/new-google-union-triples-in-size-in-first-week-but-faces-formidable-challenges\">organize his co-workers at Alphabet-owned Google\u003c/a>. “We really want to save Alphabet from itself,” he said, to “stop it from becoming just another one of these huge, inhuman, faceless entities that just bulldozes humanity for the sake of profit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]That’s language former Microsoft contractor Marcus Courtney said he can’t imagine programmers using back when he was on the frontlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, you have programmers and these coders that are at the top of the pyramid — they are actually leading the organizing,” he said. “That’s one of the reasons why it’s been more successful. They are empowering workers who don’t feel they have as much leverage to step up and join them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite this shift, tech workers still face enormous organizing challenges, often having to face off against some of the largest, most powerful companies in the country. All of which suggests that further unionizing the industry will remain an uphill battle for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>More recently, labor organizers have succeeded at unionizing tech workers at a handful of companies, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11839817/how-a-scrappy-group-of-tech-workers-formed-one-of-the-only-unions-in-the-industry\">Kickstarter \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11873927/they-work-for-an-app-they-deliver-groceries-and-now-they-have-a-union\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Imperfect Foods\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But organizing efforts are also running into many of the same historical roadblocks — along with some new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Organizing in the CD-ROM Era\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Marcus Courtney got an intimate look at the wave of tech worker organizing efforts in the 1990s. At the time, he was a test engineer at Microsoft, working on “mail products,” and a bunch of applications that now sound ancient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courtney said that, like today, many people then thought they’d be set for life if they got a job working on cutting edge technology at a place like Microsoft. But similar to many modern tech workers, Courtney was a Microsoft contractor, not an employee, so he didn’t enjoy the benefits, relatively high salaries or stock options of some of the people he worked alongside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your actual personal experience as a tech worker is very different than the perception that’s been shaped in the popular culture and media,” Courtney said. “And I think that’s why we decided it was time to take action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courtney and other contractors formed a group called Washington Alliance of Technology Workers, or\u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227538285_Collective_Representation_Among_High-Tech_Workers_at_Microsoft_and_Beyond_Lessons_from_WashTechCWA\"> WashTech\u003c/a>, with help from the Communications Workers of America union. Around the same time, several hundred IBM workers created a group called \u003ca href=\"https://www.postbulletin.com/news/business/alliance-ibm-dissolves-after-years/article_a1724fe8-a672-5442-986a-77a3259fd951.html\">Alliance@IBM\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these union organizing efforts fell far short of recruiting the large percentage of workers required for recognition by the National Labor Relations Board. And most of these group are now long since defunct.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Myth of the Pampered Tech Worker\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Following the dot-com bust in 2000, a wave of new tech companies promised more power and autonomy for their workers. The general pitch: These startups wouldn’t have standard top-down corporate hierarchies. Instead they would be “flat organizations,” where anyone with a good idea could be heard and rewarded with perks and pay. Meritocracy would rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Media outlets ate up and amplified this narrative for years, running stories that marveled at the gilded conditions of a relatively small group of elite workers at Silicon Valley companies like Google and Facebook.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/_QqT38QRA84'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/_QqT38QRA84'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“The media portrays tech workers as being in a position of power and control — the world is their oyster. They can switch jobs if they want and they have huge bargaining power,” said Ronil Hira, a political science professor at Howard University who has followed the tech labor market for two decades. “In reality, most tech workers are on the receiving end. They don’t have much control over their employment situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This stereotype of privilege and power has long obscured the realities of the tech workforce, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hira notes that a majority of tech workers are not even located in Silicon Valley; they can more often be found in the back offices of insurance agencies, banks, and media organizations around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And unlike the common depiction of pampered engineers in Silicon Valley, he adds, many tech workers face the same labor issues as those in other industries: stagnant pay, temporary contracts, the threat of outsourcing, and little say over working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Changing Attitudes on Unions\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>After some initial scrutiny in the 1990s, federal labor regulators largely let up on the tech industry after the dot-com bust, taking a generally light-handed approach to ongoing concerns like its heavy reliance on long-term temporary workers and outsourcing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even as labor issues persisted, there still wasn’t much appetite among workers to unionize. While tech workers in the U.S. shied away from unions, those in other countries more commonly adopted them, a contrast that \u003ca href=\"https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1043&context=clsoc_crim_facpub\">prompted a string of studies\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1043&context=clsoc_crim_facpub\"> \u003c/a>detailing various tech worker organizing efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There was a general belief in the early 2000s that folks felt they could do better on their own and that they didn’t need a union,” said Jennifer Dorning, president of the Department for Professional Employees, AFL-CIO\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the late 2000s and early 2010s, as a new class of tech startups took off, Dorning said attitudes among rank-and-file workers began shifting. In the early 2000s the AFL-CIO Department for Professional Employees started conducting survey of tech workers across the country found. In 2004, the survey showed that just 33% supported unionizing their workplace. By 2016, that had grown to 59%.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Top-Down Organizing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Tech workers at places \u003ca href=\"https://current.org/2021/04/npr-plans-to-recognize-digital-staffers-union/\">like NPR\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2021/03/02/following-unionization-glitch-signs-collective-bargaining-agreement/\">software collaboration company Glitch\u003c/a> have since unionized. And at The New York Times, a group of over 650 IT workers are currently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11869185/the-biggest-tech-unionization-effort-is-happening-at-the-new-york-times\">trying to join the union\u003c/a> that represents their journalist peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexander Peterson is a software engineer trying to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11854528/new-google-union-triples-in-size-in-first-week-but-faces-formidable-challenges\">organize his co-workers at Alphabet-owned Google\u003c/a>. “We really want to save Alphabet from itself,” he said, to “stop it from becoming just another one of these huge, inhuman, faceless entities that just bulldozes humanity for the sake of profit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That’s language former Microsoft contractor Marcus Courtney said he can’t imagine programmers using back when he was on the frontlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, you have programmers and these coders that are at the top of the pyramid — they are actually leading the organizing,” he said. “That’s one of the reasons why it’s been more successful. They are empowering workers who don’t feel they have as much leverage to step up and join them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite this shift, tech workers still face enormous organizing challenges, often having to face off against some of the largest, most powerful companies in the country. All of which suggests that further unionizing the industry will remain an uphill battle for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Rohnert Park resident David Mattea remembers fondly when he was a boy in the 1970s, how his family would drive half an hour south to escape foggy Daly City. They would head to a place called Searsville Lake for some fun in the sun. When the weather was good, the man-made playground would regularly draw thousands of people from all over the Bay Area for water sports, summer camps, picnics and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever became of Searsville Lake on the Peninsula?” Mattea wants to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Great Water Grab of the 19th Century\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the years following the Gold Rush, San Francisco’s growing population was thirsty for drinking water. The Spring Valley Water Company bought up a lot of the farmland on the Peninsula south of the city to take advantage of all the creek water pouring off the Santa Cruz Mountains. They built dams to collect the water in reservoirs like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747125/the-not-so-crystal-clean-history-of-san-franciscos-drinking-water-2\">Crystal Springs \u003c/a>and directed it to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, around this time, the railroad baron Leland Stanford was building a brand new university. He bought a small reservoir from the Spring Valley Water Company for use on his \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11781771/how-stanford-became-the-largest-landowner-in-silicon-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sprawling, 8,200-acre campus\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871596\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871596\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b.jpg\" alt=\"The dam was built in 1892 by the Spring Valley Water Company, but the reservoir never proved to be a reliable source of palatable drinking water and was acquired by Stanford University in 1919. \" width=\"1024\" height=\"612\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b-800x478.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b-1020x610.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b-160x96.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The dam was built in 1892 by the Spring Valley Water Company, but the reservoir never proved to be a reliable source of palatable drinking water and was acquired by Stanford University in 1919. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Stanford University Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A handful of creeks feed the little reservoir on the campus, according to Tom Zigterman, director of water resources and civil infrastructure at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s four or five, depends on where you’re doing the counting, but it’s a number of creeks that merge right there at that canyon,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, this reservoir proved to be a major disappointment as a drinking water source because one of the creeks that fed into it, Corte Madera Creek, also carried tons of silt and sediment down from the mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water smelled awful,” says Julie Cain, a historian for Stanford Heritage Services, which is responsible for the campus archaeology program. Cain is co-writing a book with another local historian, Nancy Lund, about Searsville Dam. “The water tasted awful. All of the porcelain sinks and bathtubs had yellow or brownish stains that could not be removed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cain says Stanford’s early campus manager “figured out relatively quickly that this water was really going to only be good for irrigation and fire protection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the reservoir couldn’t deliver potable water, it was still a pretty sweet place to hang out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were about 200 families living in the area, roughly, and the lake became an immediate unofficial recreational spot with people that lived nearby,” Cain says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871597\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871597\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b.jpg\" alt=\"Searsville Dam may be man-made, but it's still pretty and fascinating to natural scientists. The dam is surrounded by grasslands, chaparral, oak woodland, mixed evergreen forest, and even freshwater wetlands. \" width=\"1024\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b-800x520.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b-1020x662.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b-160x104.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Searsville Dam may be man-made, but it’s still pretty to many and fascinating to natural scientists. The dam is surrounded by grasslands, chaparral, oak woodland, mixed evergreen forest, and even freshwater wetlands. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Dan Quinn)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1922, a Stanford couple leased the property so they could teach water sports and run a summer camp. Ernst and Greta Brandsten were both Swedish immigrants and Olympic divers. They called it Camp Searsville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Greta was the first woman ever to win an Olympic gold medal for \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greta_Johansson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">high diving in 1912\u003c/a>!” Cain notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts camped on the property. Tons of sand was brought in to create a man-made beach. 1,500 people might show up on a Sunday, 2,500 people on a holiday weekend. It was a scene, “for not just the local community, but really anybody within the Bay Area. I have photos of, I think Memorial Day, and it looks like \u003ca href=\"http://www.pdxhistory.com/html/coney_island.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Coney Island\u003c/a>,” Cain says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Debunking Urban Myths\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Near the lake, there was a tiny town called Searsville that doesn’t exist anymore. It’s a myth, however, that the town was flooded by the construction of the reservoir. That was a rumor started by Ernst Brandsten, who loved to scare his diving students by telling them they could hit their heads on an old Searsville rooftop if they weren’t careful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also untrue: a legendary concert in 1968 that baby boomers who spent summer days at Searsville Lake as children and teenagers recall. They remember hearing \u003cem>about\u003c/em> \u003cem>it\u003c/em>, but nobody could have \u003cem>attended\u003c/em> \u003cem>it\u003c/em>, because as historian Julie Cain explains, the university got wind of it while it was being organized and shut the concert down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(A legendary concert that DID happen in 1963 featured the famous folk singer Pete Seeger. But Searsville – again, contrary to rumor – did not become a rock concert venue.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871599\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871599\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b.jpg\" alt=\"Searsville Dam is a concrete gravity structure made of interlocking concrete blocks. \" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Searsville Dam is a concrete gravity structure made of interlocking concrete blocks. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Philippe Cohen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They would have had great people, though,” Cain says. “Country Joe and the Fish, Joan Baez, everybody and their dog that was anybody in San Francisco was on that list.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What happened to the Coney Island of Stanford University, Then?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As decades passed, the university’s biology department grew tired of having to share its 1,200-acre biological preserve with the swimming, boating, picnicking party animals of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford researchers use the land to study everything from Bay \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/news/2002/may15/butterfly-515.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">checkerspot butterflies\u003c/a> to climate change and invasive plants. A lot of this didn’t mean much to Searsville Lake visitors, who unwittingly trampled on a lot of science projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Which really, has continued to this day with local kids who got nothing better to do,” Cain says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1976, the university bought out the camp’s lease and closed the beloved swimming spot down. You can still take docent-led tours of what’s now called the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, but mostly, the party is over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more decades passed, the dam caught the eye of a different group of locals for very different reasons. In 2013, two environmental groups brought a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/7035/environmentalists-sue-stanford-over-dam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit\u003c/a> against Stanford, arguing Searsville Dam, particularly its diversion of water from the San Francisquito Creek Watershed, damaged the habitat and threatened local fauna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871600\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 613px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871600\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17156443456_8de7bb384f_z.jpg\" alt=\"The Searsville Dam is located within the San Francisquito Creek watershed, which encompasses about 50 square miles and more than 20 creeks. Over thousands of years, the creek has carried sediment downstream from the Santa Cruz Mountains to create the alluvial fan upon which Atherton, Menlo Park, Palo Alto, East Palo Alto and Stanford were developed.\" width=\"613\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17156443456_8de7bb384f_z.jpg 613w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17156443456_8de7bb384f_z-160x167.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Searsville Dam is located within the San Francisquito Creek Watershed, which encompasses about 50 square miles and more than 20 creeks. Over thousands of years, the creek has carried sediment downstream from the Santa Cruz Mountains to create the alluvial fan upon which Atherton, Menlo Park, Palo Alto, East Palo Alto and Stanford were developed. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Oakland Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fish biologist Matt Stoecker grew up in Portola Valley, one of several Peninsula cities that popped up near Stanford. His parents swam in Searsville Lake. He remembers playing in the creeks that fed the reservoir when he was a boy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a steelhead run that used to run from the Bay all the way up to Windy Hill and Portola Valley, where I lived,” Stoecker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He remembers one brave little steelhead trout in particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was actually a steelhead that had come from the ocean and may have swum from as far away as, you know, off the coast of Japan, all the way back to the stream it was born in and this useless dam that’s not serving a function anymore is preventing it from swimming back to its home,” Stoecker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a grown-up, Stoecker started a group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.beyondsearsvilledam.org/Beyond_Searsville_Dam/Home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Beyond Searsville Dam\u003c/a>, which has spent 20 years trying to get Stanford to restore the local watershed to something like its original glory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university did budge, kind of. It’s come up with a \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/news/2015/may/searsville-preferred-plan-050115.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">plan\u003c/a> — not to get rid of Searsville Dam altogether, which is what Stoecker wants — but to open a hole in the bottom of the dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871593\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871593\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b.jpg\" alt=\"Two environmental groups filed a federal lawsuit against Stanford University, claiming Searsville Dam harms threatened steelhead trout.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"638\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b-800x498.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b-1020x636.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b-160x100.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two environmental groups filed a federal lawsuit against Stanford University, claiming Searsville Dam harms threatened steelhead trout. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Philippe Cohen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That would let the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/endangered-species-conservation/central-california-coast-steelhead\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">steelhead trout\u003c/a> returning from the bay go upstream, and it would let the water go downstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, you can anticipate Stanford will engage in a lot of meetings in the years to come with the public and various agencies before anything finally happens on the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it’s not a total success story, but it’s a partial success story,” writes plaintiff’s attorney Chris Sproul, who notes the lawsuit has been resolved. “The environment organizations I represent are happy with the progress so far and hopeful that the big prize will be attained (steelhead being able to freely utilize the entire Corte Madera Creek watershed — there is some absolutely beautiful habitat up above Searsville) in the not-too-distant future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been meeting with the resource agencies at the state and federal level: (Army) Corps of Engineers, National Marine Fisheries (Service), the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, (San Francisco Bay) Regional Water Quality Control Board. They’re all involved,” says Zigterman, director of water resources and civil infrastructure for Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, I gotta give the last word to historian Julie Cain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m probably going to put words in somebody’s mouth,” she says, “but I’m sure somebody at Stanford is shaking his or her head, going, ‘What in the hell did we buy that place for?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Rohnert Park resident David Mattea remembers fondly when he was a boy in the 1970s, how his family would drive half an hour south to escape foggy Daly City. They would head to a place called Searsville Lake for some fun in the sun. When the weather was good, the man-made playground would regularly draw thousands of people from all over the Bay Area for water sports, summer camps, picnics and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever became of Searsville Lake on the Peninsula?” Mattea wants to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Great Water Grab of the 19th Century\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the years following the Gold Rush, San Francisco’s growing population was thirsty for drinking water. The Spring Valley Water Company bought up a lot of the farmland on the Peninsula south of the city to take advantage of all the creek water pouring off the Santa Cruz Mountains. They built dams to collect the water in reservoirs like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747125/the-not-so-crystal-clean-history-of-san-franciscos-drinking-water-2\">Crystal Springs \u003c/a>and directed it to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, around this time, the railroad baron Leland Stanford was building a brand new university. He bought a small reservoir from the Spring Valley Water Company for use on his \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11781771/how-stanford-became-the-largest-landowner-in-silicon-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sprawling, 8,200-acre campus\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871596\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871596\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b.jpg\" alt=\"The dam was built in 1892 by the Spring Valley Water Company, but the reservoir never proved to be a reliable source of palatable drinking water and was acquired by Stanford University in 1919. \" width=\"1024\" height=\"612\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b-800x478.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b-1020x610.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16562202803_c583eefd4c_b-160x96.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The dam was built in 1892 by the Spring Valley Water Company, but the reservoir never proved to be a reliable source of palatable drinking water and was acquired by Stanford University in 1919. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Stanford University Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A handful of creeks feed the little reservoir on the campus, according to Tom Zigterman, director of water resources and civil infrastructure at Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s four or five, depends on where you’re doing the counting, but it’s a number of creeks that merge right there at that canyon,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, this reservoir proved to be a major disappointment as a drinking water source because one of the creeks that fed into it, Corte Madera Creek, also carried tons of silt and sediment down from the mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water smelled awful,” says Julie Cain, a historian for Stanford Heritage Services, which is responsible for the campus archaeology program. Cain is co-writing a book with another local historian, Nancy Lund, about Searsville Dam. “The water tasted awful. All of the porcelain sinks and bathtubs had yellow or brownish stains that could not be removed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cain says Stanford’s early campus manager “figured out relatively quickly that this water was really going to only be good for irrigation and fire protection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the reservoir couldn’t deliver potable water, it was still a pretty sweet place to hang out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were about 200 families living in the area, roughly, and the lake became an immediate unofficial recreational spot with people that lived nearby,” Cain says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871597\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871597\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b.jpg\" alt=\"Searsville Dam may be man-made, but it's still pretty and fascinating to natural scientists. The dam is surrounded by grasslands, chaparral, oak woodland, mixed evergreen forest, and even freshwater wetlands. \" width=\"1024\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b-800x520.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b-1020x662.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17180724472_97b8ec665b_b-160x104.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Searsville Dam may be man-made, but it’s still pretty to many and fascinating to natural scientists. The dam is surrounded by grasslands, chaparral, oak woodland, mixed evergreen forest, and even freshwater wetlands. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Dan Quinn)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1922, a Stanford couple leased the property so they could teach water sports and run a summer camp. Ernst and Greta Brandsten were both Swedish immigrants and Olympic divers. They called it Camp Searsville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Greta was the first woman ever to win an Olympic gold medal for \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greta_Johansson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">high diving in 1912\u003c/a>!” Cain notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts camped on the property. Tons of sand was brought in to create a man-made beach. 1,500 people might show up on a Sunday, 2,500 people on a holiday weekend. It was a scene, “for not just the local community, but really anybody within the Bay Area. I have photos of, I think Memorial Day, and it looks like \u003ca href=\"http://www.pdxhistory.com/html/coney_island.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Coney Island\u003c/a>,” Cain says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Debunking Urban Myths\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Near the lake, there was a tiny town called Searsville that doesn’t exist anymore. It’s a myth, however, that the town was flooded by the construction of the reservoir. That was a rumor started by Ernst Brandsten, who loved to scare his diving students by telling them they could hit their heads on an old Searsville rooftop if they weren’t careful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also untrue: a legendary concert in 1968 that baby boomers who spent summer days at Searsville Lake as children and teenagers recall. They remember hearing \u003cem>about\u003c/em> \u003cem>it\u003c/em>, but nobody could have \u003cem>attended\u003c/em> \u003cem>it\u003c/em>, because as historian Julie Cain explains, the university got wind of it while it was being organized and shut the concert down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(A legendary concert that DID happen in 1963 featured the famous folk singer Pete Seeger. But Searsville – again, contrary to rumor – did not become a rock concert venue.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871599\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871599\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b.jpg\" alt=\"Searsville Dam is a concrete gravity structure made of interlocking concrete blocks. \" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/16559944954_0ba30159ea_b-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Searsville Dam is a concrete gravity structure made of interlocking concrete blocks. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Philippe Cohen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They would have had great people, though,” Cain says. “Country Joe and the Fish, Joan Baez, everybody and their dog that was anybody in San Francisco was on that list.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What happened to the Coney Island of Stanford University, Then?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As decades passed, the university’s biology department grew tired of having to share its 1,200-acre biological preserve with the swimming, boating, picnicking party animals of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford researchers use the land to study everything from Bay \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/news/2002/may15/butterfly-515.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">checkerspot butterflies\u003c/a> to climate change and invasive plants. A lot of this didn’t mean much to Searsville Lake visitors, who unwittingly trampled on a lot of science projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Which really, has continued to this day with local kids who got nothing better to do,” Cain says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1976, the university bought out the camp’s lease and closed the beloved swimming spot down. You can still take docent-led tours of what’s now called the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, but mostly, the party is over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more decades passed, the dam caught the eye of a different group of locals for very different reasons. In 2013, two environmental groups brought a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/7035/environmentalists-sue-stanford-over-dam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit\u003c/a> against Stanford, arguing Searsville Dam, particularly its diversion of water from the San Francisquito Creek Watershed, damaged the habitat and threatened local fauna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871600\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 613px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871600\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17156443456_8de7bb384f_z.jpg\" alt=\"The Searsville Dam is located within the San Francisquito Creek watershed, which encompasses about 50 square miles and more than 20 creeks. Over thousands of years, the creek has carried sediment downstream from the Santa Cruz Mountains to create the alluvial fan upon which Atherton, Menlo Park, Palo Alto, East Palo Alto and Stanford were developed.\" width=\"613\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17156443456_8de7bb384f_z.jpg 613w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/17156443456_8de7bb384f_z-160x167.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Searsville Dam is located within the San Francisquito Creek Watershed, which encompasses about 50 square miles and more than 20 creeks. Over thousands of years, the creek has carried sediment downstream from the Santa Cruz Mountains to create the alluvial fan upon which Atherton, Menlo Park, Palo Alto, East Palo Alto and Stanford were developed. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Oakland Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fish biologist Matt Stoecker grew up in Portola Valley, one of several Peninsula cities that popped up near Stanford. His parents swam in Searsville Lake. He remembers playing in the creeks that fed the reservoir when he was a boy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a steelhead run that used to run from the Bay all the way up to Windy Hill and Portola Valley, where I lived,” Stoecker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He remembers one brave little steelhead trout in particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was actually a steelhead that had come from the ocean and may have swum from as far away as, you know, off the coast of Japan, all the way back to the stream it was born in and this useless dam that’s not serving a function anymore is preventing it from swimming back to its home,” Stoecker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a grown-up, Stoecker started a group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.beyondsearsvilledam.org/Beyond_Searsville_Dam/Home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Beyond Searsville Dam\u003c/a>, which has spent 20 years trying to get Stanford to restore the local watershed to something like its original glory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university did budge, kind of. It’s come up with a \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/news/2015/may/searsville-preferred-plan-050115.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">plan\u003c/a> — not to get rid of Searsville Dam altogether, which is what Stoecker wants — but to open a hole in the bottom of the dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871593\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11871593\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b.jpg\" alt=\"Two environmental groups filed a federal lawsuit against Stanford University, claiming Searsville Dam harms threatened steelhead trout.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"638\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b-800x498.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b-1020x636.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/16562202473_dbbd4e6bbd_b-160x100.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two environmental groups filed a federal lawsuit against Stanford University, claiming Searsville Dam harms threatened steelhead trout. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Philippe Cohen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That would let the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/endangered-species-conservation/central-california-coast-steelhead\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">steelhead trout\u003c/a> returning from the bay go upstream, and it would let the water go downstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, you can anticipate Stanford will engage in a lot of meetings in the years to come with the public and various agencies before anything finally happens on the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it’s not a total success story, but it’s a partial success story,” writes plaintiff’s attorney Chris Sproul, who notes the lawsuit has been resolved. “The environment organizations I represent are happy with the progress so far and hopeful that the big prize will be attained (steelhead being able to freely utilize the entire Corte Madera Creek watershed — there is some absolutely beautiful habitat up above Searsville) in the not-too-distant future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been meeting with the resource agencies at the state and federal level: (Army) Corps of Engineers, National Marine Fisheries (Service), the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, (San Francisco Bay) Regional Water Quality Control Board. They’re all involved,” says Zigterman, director of water resources and civil infrastructure for Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, I gotta give the last word to historian Julie Cain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m probably going to put words in somebody’s mouth,” she says, “but I’m sure somebody at Stanford is shaking his or her head, going, ‘What in the hell did we buy that place for?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "they-work-for-an-app-they-deliver-groceries-and-now-they-have-a-union",
"title": "They Work on an App. They Deliver Groceries. And Now They Have a Union",
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"headTitle": "They Work on an App. They Deliver Groceries. And Now They Have a Union | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Oakland resident Chris Jasinski joined \u003ca href=\"https://www.imperfectfoods.com/\">Imperfect Foods\u003c/a>, he was happy to be at a place where he’d be an employee, not a contractor like grocery delivery workers for Instacart or Amazon-owned Whole Foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s one of the good differentiators right out of the gate for Imperfect Foods versus other companies,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jasinski has been at the company for just about a year. Several months in, he started talking to other workers about organizing. He was not the only grocery delivery worker who thought joining a union would be a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the coronavirus pandemic began, workers across the grocery delivery business at places \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11809184/instacart-workers-set-to-strike-on-monday-demanding-hazard-pay-and-protections\">like Instacart\u003c/a>, Safeway, Whole Foods and Trader Joe’s have been trying to unionize to get more protections and benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, delivery workers at Imperfect Foods \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-16/drivers-at-grocery-startup-imperfect-foods-vote-to-unionize\">succeeded\u003c/a>. The vote was tight: 28 workers in favor, 23 against. The company is now \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-16/drivers-at-grocery-startup-imperfect-foods-vote-to-unionize\">set to join\u003c/a> the United Food and Commercial Workers International Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jesus Gomez, Imperfect Foods delivery worker\"]‘“We didn’t get not even a dollar more … We see them growing but we don’t grow with them.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imperfect Foods has always pitched itself as a company trying to make the world a better place. It began by letting customers purchase produce that was not quite perfect and would otherwise end up donated to food banks or even in the trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This not only enticed customers, but also employees like Jasinski, the delivery worker from Oakland. “One of the big draws of coming to work for this company in the first place was its explicitly green mission,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the pandemic, business has boomed for Imperfect Foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company just raised \u003ca href=\"https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/imperfect-foods-secures-95mm-series-d-investment-commitment-301212899.html#:~:text=21%2C%202021%20%2FPRNewswire%2F%20%2D%2D,ago%2C%20and%20Norwest%20Venture%20Partners\">$95 million in venture capital\u003c/a>, bringing its total investment up to $229 million. But as the company has grown, so have tensions with its workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jesus Gomez is a delivery driver in Sacramento, and he was bothered by how the company handled the surge in business. “They were unorganized, that’s what bugged me the most,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Jasinski, Gomez voted to unionize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says one of the issues was the way the company started pushing drivers to work on Saturdays. The company technically does not require drivers to come in on those days, but the drivers KQED spoke to said it was made clear to them they were expected to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez also points out there was increasingly less predictability about their routes and longer distances to travel to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based in Sacramento, he says, “You would sometimes have to go to East Bay and SF to work, or Merced, or Reno. They sent you over there and you’d get 100, 100-plus boxes. We were getting out late and we had to be ready to be the next day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were other issues, too. According to Gomez, delivery workers haven’t received any raises or extra hazard pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t get not even a dollar more,” he says, “so that was what was getting me mad or a lot of people. We see them growing but we don’t grow with them.”\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Unionizing where others cannot\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>After the votes were counted on April 14, Imperfect Foods announced it would challenge the results with the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), a common anti-union delay tactic. But the NLRB threw out the challenge and certified the union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company declined to comment for this story. But in\u003ca href=\"https://blog.imperfectfoods.com/blog-1/2021/4/21/our-commitment-to-standing-by-our-drivers\"> a blog post published in the week after challenging the election\u003c/a>, CEO Philip Behn wrote: “We can and will do better at collaborating directly with our employees and resolving our issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having unionized delivery workers makes Imperfect Foods an outlier among venture-capital-backed grocery delivery companies. But their effort can’t be a model for all on-demand grocery delivery workers, not since Proposition 22 became law in California just last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ruth Milkman, Labor sociologist at the City University of New York\"]‘Under current law, gig workers … don’t have legally the right to collective bargaining.’[/pullquote]Prop. 22 makes it legal for app-based gig companies to classify their workers as contractors, not employees. And that means no NLRB protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Under current law, gig workers, if they are independent contractors or even if they’re misclassified as independent contractors, they’re not covered by the National Labor Relations Act at all, so they actually don’t have legally the right to collective bargaining,” says Ruth Milkman, a labor sociologist at the City University of New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way \u003ca href=\"https://news.google.com/articles/CAIiEOlbqxSNAYnf8tVL33lDQAQqGAgEKg8IACoHCAowtbypAjDOrCsw-8SeBg?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US%3Aen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Prop. 22 was written\u003c/a>, political analysts say it’s nearly impossible to overturn. But change could come at the federal level, with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.teenvogue.com/story/what-is-the-pro-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PRO Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PRO Act is federal legislation that would curb some of the anti-union tactics that have become routine in the U.S. It would make it more difficult for companies to delay union elections, drag out the contract negotiating process and push anti-union messages on workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most critically for app\u003cstrong>–\u003c/strong>based workers, it would allow contractors to unionize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Barbara labor history professor Nelson Lichtenstein says the PRO Act would “totally wipe out Prop. 22.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='gig-economy']But with their razor-thin margin in the U.S. Senate, Democrats would need every single senator to support the legislation to get it passed, but not every legislator is on board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the PRO Act doesn’t pass, Lichtenstein says, the union vote at Imperfect Foods could be helpful for app workers in California who want to organize because it provides a model of grocery delivery workers at a Bay Area startup who actually have a union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a group of workers are doing the same work who are defined as employees, unionize, that will have a large impact on both the impulse for the other workers to unionize and also in a legal and political realm as well,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lichtenstein expects some legal battle to start brewing in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Labor Secretary Marty Walsh has already \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/recode/2021/4/29/22409952/labor-secretary-gig-workers-uber-lyft-employees-contractors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">openly rebuked\u003c/a> Prop. 22. With Imperfect Foods, the U.S. Department of Labor may have a counterexample to the app work: a group of workers at a venture-backed grocery delivery company who are not only employees, but now who also have a union.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Oakland resident Chris Jasinski joined \u003ca href=\"https://www.imperfectfoods.com/\">Imperfect Foods\u003c/a>, he was happy to be at a place where he’d be an employee, not a contractor like grocery delivery workers for Instacart or Amazon-owned Whole Foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s one of the good differentiators right out of the gate for Imperfect Foods versus other companies,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jasinski has been at the company for just about a year. Several months in, he started talking to other workers about organizing. He was not the only grocery delivery worker who thought joining a union would be a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the coronavirus pandemic began, workers across the grocery delivery business at places \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11809184/instacart-workers-set-to-strike-on-monday-demanding-hazard-pay-and-protections\">like Instacart\u003c/a>, Safeway, Whole Foods and Trader Joe’s have been trying to unionize to get more protections and benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, delivery workers at Imperfect Foods \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-16/drivers-at-grocery-startup-imperfect-foods-vote-to-unionize\">succeeded\u003c/a>. The vote was tight: 28 workers in favor, 23 against. The company is now \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-16/drivers-at-grocery-startup-imperfect-foods-vote-to-unionize\">set to join\u003c/a> the United Food and Commercial Workers International Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imperfect Foods has always pitched itself as a company trying to make the world a better place. It began by letting customers purchase produce that was not quite perfect and would otherwise end up donated to food banks or even in the trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This not only enticed customers, but also employees like Jasinski, the delivery worker from Oakland. “One of the big draws of coming to work for this company in the first place was its explicitly green mission,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the pandemic, business has boomed for Imperfect Foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company just raised \u003ca href=\"https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/imperfect-foods-secures-95mm-series-d-investment-commitment-301212899.html#:~:text=21%2C%202021%20%2FPRNewswire%2F%20%2D%2D,ago%2C%20and%20Norwest%20Venture%20Partners\">$95 million in venture capital\u003c/a>, bringing its total investment up to $229 million. But as the company has grown, so have tensions with its workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jesus Gomez is a delivery driver in Sacramento, and he was bothered by how the company handled the surge in business. “They were unorganized, that’s what bugged me the most,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Jasinski, Gomez voted to unionize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says one of the issues was the way the company started pushing drivers to work on Saturdays. The company technically does not require drivers to come in on those days, but the drivers KQED spoke to said it was made clear to them they were expected to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez also points out there was increasingly less predictability about their routes and longer distances to travel to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based in Sacramento, he says, “You would sometimes have to go to East Bay and SF to work, or Merced, or Reno. They sent you over there and you’d get 100, 100-plus boxes. We were getting out late and we had to be ready to be the next day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were other issues, too. According to Gomez, delivery workers haven’t received any raises or extra hazard pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t get not even a dollar more,” he says, “so that was what was getting me mad or a lot of people. We see them growing but we don’t grow with them.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Unionizing where others cannot\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>After the votes were counted on April 14, Imperfect Foods announced it would challenge the results with the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), a common anti-union delay tactic. But the NLRB threw out the challenge and certified the union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company declined to comment for this story. But in\u003ca href=\"https://blog.imperfectfoods.com/blog-1/2021/4/21/our-commitment-to-standing-by-our-drivers\"> a blog post published in the week after challenging the election\u003c/a>, CEO Philip Behn wrote: “We can and will do better at collaborating directly with our employees and resolving our issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having unionized delivery workers makes Imperfect Foods an outlier among venture-capital-backed grocery delivery companies. But their effort can’t be a model for all on-demand grocery delivery workers, not since Proposition 22 became law in California just last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Prop. 22 makes it legal for app-based gig companies to classify their workers as contractors, not employees. And that means no NLRB protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Under current law, gig workers, if they are independent contractors or even if they’re misclassified as independent contractors, they’re not covered by the National Labor Relations Act at all, so they actually don’t have legally the right to collective bargaining,” says Ruth Milkman, a labor sociologist at the City University of New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way \u003ca href=\"https://news.google.com/articles/CAIiEOlbqxSNAYnf8tVL33lDQAQqGAgEKg8IACoHCAowtbypAjDOrCsw-8SeBg?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US%3Aen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Prop. 22 was written\u003c/a>, political analysts say it’s nearly impossible to overturn. But change could come at the federal level, with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.teenvogue.com/story/what-is-the-pro-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PRO Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PRO Act is federal legislation that would curb some of the anti-union tactics that have become routine in the U.S. It would make it more difficult for companies to delay union elections, drag out the contract negotiating process and push anti-union messages on workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most critically for app\u003cstrong>–\u003c/strong>based workers, it would allow contractors to unionize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Barbara labor history professor Nelson Lichtenstein says the PRO Act would “totally wipe out Prop. 22.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But with their razor-thin margin in the U.S. Senate, Democrats would need every single senator to support the legislation to get it passed, but not every legislator is on board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the PRO Act doesn’t pass, Lichtenstein says, the union vote at Imperfect Foods could be helpful for app workers in California who want to organize because it provides a model of grocery delivery workers at a Bay Area startup who actually have a union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a group of workers are doing the same work who are defined as employees, unionize, that will have a large impact on both the impulse for the other workers to unionize and also in a legal and political realm as well,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lichtenstein expects some legal battle to start brewing in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Labor Secretary Marty Walsh has already \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/recode/2021/4/29/22409952/labor-secretary-gig-workers-uber-lyft-employees-contractors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">openly rebuked\u003c/a> Prop. 22. With Imperfect Foods, the U.S. Department of Labor may have a counterexample to the app work: a group of workers at a venture-backed grocery delivery company who are not only employees, but now who also have a union.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Hospital-Level Care at Home for Serious Conditions Grows in Popularity During Pandemic",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hospital care at home is nothing new for patients with low-level health needs. But since the pandemic began, a growing number of health care providers – including Adventist Health, the Mayo Clinic and California health care giant Kaiser Permanente – are offering people with more serious health conditions hospital-level treatment in the comfort of their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s something Janet Yetenekian, who lives in Glendale with her family, experienced this year after she came down with a severe case of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in December, with pandemic isolation finally getting to Yetenekian, her husband and two teenage kids, the family accepted an invitation to join an afternoon barbecue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just go, ‘OK, we’ve been home all this time,’ you know, ‘Let’s just go a few hours and come back,’ ” Yetenekian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the day after the gathering, the host came down with fever. A test confirmed it was COVID-19. Within two weeks, Yetenekian’s husband and kids got mild cases of the disease while her blood oxygen plummeted to dangerously low levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And a few days later, I had to go to the hospital,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Treatment included an IV drip of the antiviral drug Remdesivir and constant monitoring — things normally done in a hospital. So it surprised Yetenekian when her doctor at Adventist Health offered to move all her care home to be monitored virtually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was even better than the hospital,” she said. “They were constantly reaching out, ‘It’s time for you to do your vitals,’ or ‘It’s time for you to take your medications.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors and nurses at a command center nearly 200 miles away managed Yetenekian’s care as part of \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/hh9CC5yWjXSMyAoBty71EA?domain=geekdoctor.blogspot.com\">a new federal effort aimed at freeing up hospital beds\u003c/a> during public health emergencies. Under the model, about 60 illnesses, including COVID-19, qualify for home treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Heart failure, pneumonia, skin infections — those are all patient populations we can safely care for in the home,” said Dr. Margaret Paulson, who leads the Mayo Clinic’s new home-based care program in rural Wisconsin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873625\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11873625\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Mayo Clinic’s Dr. Margaret Paulson at a a health care command center in Jacksonville, Wisconsin. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy the Mayo Clinic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Paulson said once her patients understand that home care does not mean less care, they eagerly embrace it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Especially for patients who have been in the hospital a lot, to know that they can actually go home and sleep in their own bed and be with their family and have their pets by their side, it’s just really reassuring,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/1/e043285\">studies suggest\u003c/a> at-home care provides better outcomes for patients and costs less to provide than traditional inpatient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is actually a higher level of touch from physicians and advanced practitioners,” said Dr. Kavita Patel, a physician and health policy fellow at the Brookings Institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regularly scheduled video conferencing and 24/7 monitoring is augmented by twice-daily, in-person visits by nurses and other health workers who provide basic care like antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This isn’t just sending mom or dad to the bedroom,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Coronavirus Coverage' tag='coronavirus']Patel said it’s the technology infrastructure that’s key: Wi-Fi phones that ring directly into a hospital’s command center, iPads that allow video conferencing with health professionals and wearable devices with emergency call buttons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raphael Rakowski is co-founder of Medically Home, the tech company that supports at-home programs for Adventist Health, Mayo Clinic and Kaiser Permanente. On Thursday, those latter two health care entities announced a combined $100 million investment in Medically Home to help expand the service to other health systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rakowski said there’s another selling point of the at-home care model — patients don’t have to transfer to a different facility while they heal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We stay with the patient until they’re fully recovered and that averages anywhere from 20 to 30 days, sometimes longer,” Rakowski said. “So we substitute not just for the hospital, but for all the care that follows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, not every patient is a fit. To be eligible for care at home, they must live within 30 minutes of emergency care. They also need high-speed internet and, said Patel, they can’t be too sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This can’t be something where it’s so complicated that you are monitoring a patient, worried that they could crash and need to be in the ICU within minutes,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for moderate COVID-19 and dozens of other conditions, at-home hospital care programs now offered in 30 states are likely to become a more common option as more health systems adopt the program and even more diseases are added to those now eligible for at-home care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hospital care at home is nothing new for patients with low-level health needs. But since the pandemic began, a growing number of health care providers – including Adventist Health, the Mayo Clinic and California health care giant Kaiser Permanente – are offering people with more serious health conditions hospital-level treatment in the comfort of their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s something Janet Yetenekian, who lives in Glendale with her family, experienced this year after she came down with a severe case of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in December, with pandemic isolation finally getting to Yetenekian, her husband and two teenage kids, the family accepted an invitation to join an afternoon barbecue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just go, ‘OK, we’ve been home all this time,’ you know, ‘Let’s just go a few hours and come back,’ ” Yetenekian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the day after the gathering, the host came down with fever. A test confirmed it was COVID-19. Within two weeks, Yetenekian’s husband and kids got mild cases of the disease while her blood oxygen plummeted to dangerously low levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And a few days later, I had to go to the hospital,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Treatment included an IV drip of the antiviral drug Remdesivir and constant monitoring — things normally done in a hospital. So it surprised Yetenekian when her doctor at Adventist Health offered to move all her care home to be monitored virtually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was even better than the hospital,” she said. “They were constantly reaching out, ‘It’s time for you to do your vitals,’ or ‘It’s time for you to take your medications.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors and nurses at a command center nearly 200 miles away managed Yetenekian’s care as part of \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/hh9CC5yWjXSMyAoBty71EA?domain=geekdoctor.blogspot.com\">a new federal effort aimed at freeing up hospital beds\u003c/a> during public health emergencies. Under the model, about 60 illnesses, including COVID-19, qualify for home treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Heart failure, pneumonia, skin infections — those are all patient populations we can safely care for in the home,” said Dr. Margaret Paulson, who leads the Mayo Clinic’s new home-based care program in rural Wisconsin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873625\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11873625\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/Dr.-Maniaci-and-Dr-Paulson-at-the-Command-Center-in-Jacksonville3-1-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Mayo Clinic’s Dr. Margaret Paulson at a a health care command center in Jacksonville, Wisconsin. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy the Mayo Clinic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Paulson said once her patients understand that home care does not mean less care, they eagerly embrace it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Especially for patients who have been in the hospital a lot, to know that they can actually go home and sleep in their own bed and be with their family and have their pets by their side, it’s just really reassuring,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/1/e043285\">studies suggest\u003c/a> at-home care provides better outcomes for patients and costs less to provide than traditional inpatient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is actually a higher level of touch from physicians and advanced practitioners,” said Dr. Kavita Patel, a physician and health policy fellow at the Brookings Institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regularly scheduled video conferencing and 24/7 monitoring is augmented by twice-daily, in-person visits by nurses and other health workers who provide basic care like antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This isn’t just sending mom or dad to the bedroom,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Patel said it’s the technology infrastructure that’s key: Wi-Fi phones that ring directly into a hospital’s command center, iPads that allow video conferencing with health professionals and wearable devices with emergency call buttons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raphael Rakowski is co-founder of Medically Home, the tech company that supports at-home programs for Adventist Health, Mayo Clinic and Kaiser Permanente. On Thursday, those latter two health care entities announced a combined $100 million investment in Medically Home to help expand the service to other health systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rakowski said there’s another selling point of the at-home care model — patients don’t have to transfer to a different facility while they heal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We stay with the patient until they’re fully recovered and that averages anywhere from 20 to 30 days, sometimes longer,” Rakowski said. “So we substitute not just for the hospital, but for all the care that follows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, not every patient is a fit. To be eligible for care at home, they must live within 30 minutes of emergency care. They also need high-speed internet and, said Patel, they can’t be too sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This can’t be something where it’s so complicated that you are monitoring a patient, worried that they could crash and need to be in the ICU within minutes,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for moderate COVID-19 and dozens of other conditions, at-home hospital care programs now offered in 30 states are likely to become a more common option as more health systems adopt the program and even more diseases are added to those now eligible for at-home care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Identity theft, fraud, ransomware: Cybercrime has become a grim fact of life for schools, utilities, government agencies — really, any operation that uses networked computing. Even here in tech-saturated California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/04/22/841682627/cobol-cowboys-aim-to-rescue-sluggish-state-unemployment-systems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ancient\u003c/a> software, understaffing and mismanagement have plagued state and local agencies for years. That was painfully evident during the height of the pandemic when the California Employment Development Department was caught \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/edd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">completely unprepared\u003c/a> for a massive surge in demand, as well as a surge in hackers keen to get a piece of the action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency’s vulnerabilities were fully exposed last fall when district attorneys from across the state announced that some 30,000 fake unemployment claims had been filed in the names of people incarcerated in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unprecedented infusion of federal funds into unemployment insurance programs across the country last year “gave individuals and organized criminal groups a high-value target to exploit,” according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dol.gov/doloiguioversightwork.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. Labor Department\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"cybersecurity\"]According to the Federal Trade Commission, \u003ca href=\"https://public.tableau.com/profile/federal.trade.commission#!/vizhome/FraudandIDTheftMaps/IDTheftbyState\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">identity theft\u003c/a> complaints in California jumped from 101,614 in 2019 to 147,386 in 2020, a nearly 50% increase. Specific complaints about government documents and benefits fraud soared during that time, from 3,407 to 14,875.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And although the problem flared during the coronavirus pandemic, it’s been mounting for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to make it tangible until it’s too late,” said Matt Masterson, who teaches at Stanford’s Internet Observatory, following a stint as a senior adviser at the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA). “All your systems are locked up, and those same people that have been asking for support either end up getting fired or being moved along because ‘How could you let this happen?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-profile, massively disruptive cyberattacks in the U.S. — like the recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/16/985439655/a-worst-nightmare-cyberattack-the-untold-story-of-the-solarwinds-hack\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SolarWinds\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/11/995751028/what-the-ransomware-attack-on-colonial-pipeline-means-for-the-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Colonial Pipeline\u003c/a> hacks — have effectively underscored the vulnerability of the nation’s critical infrastructure. Acknowledging this, President Biden just signed a broad \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/05/12/fact-sheet-president-signs-executive-order-charting-new-course-to-improve-the-nations-cybersecurity-and-protect-federal-government-networks/\">executive order\u003c/a> that aims to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/12/996355601/in-wake-of-pipeline-hack-biden-signs-executive-order-on-cybersecurity\">strengthen cybersecurity\u003c/a> for federal networks and outline new security standards for commercial software used by both business and the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in their recent \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/opinion/cybersecurity/550324-congress-needs-to-help-modernize-our-digital-infrastructure?rl=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">op-ed\u003c/a> in The Hill, Masterson and former CISA Director Chris Krebs also emphasize the need for federal funding to help state and local agencies around the country get up to speed. The U.S., they argue, needs a new approach to the “new normal of cyber enabled malicious activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s at the grid level, whether it’s water-treatment plants, whether it’s county sheriff’s offices, right? That’s a matter of public safety,” Masterson said. “Investment in this, like any infrastructure, has to be ongoing, but man, now’s the time to have this conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure enough, a bipartisan group of House lawmakers this week \u003ca href=\"https://statescoop.com/state-local-cyber-grants-500-million/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reintroduced\u003c/a> a bill to provide state and local governments with $500 million annually to defend against cyberattacks. (It was \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/5823\">passed by the House last year\u003c/a>, but did not get a vote in the U.S. Senate.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Matt Masterson, Stanford Internet Observatory\"]‘It’s hard to make it tangible until it’s too late. All your systems are locked up, and those same people that have been asking for support either end up getting fired or being moved along, because ‘How could you let this happen?’ ‘[/pullquote]But some California lawmakers, like Silicon Valley Democratic Rep. Ro Khanna, worry that providing money without direction for how to spend it won’t solve the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Money is not sufficient,” he said. “The question is the execution. We need far more expertise from actual technologists than relying on the same people who ‘specialize’ on technology in the Beltway that aren’t up to date on what the latest techniques are. It’s really going to take a partnership with leading technologists, leading people in design, a move away from some of the legacy systems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khanna has hit on an obvious first fix, some experts say. State and local agencies could start by switching to commercially available software and systems. And although those wouldn’t be impervious to hacking — no system is — they carry the benefit of receiving the close attention of software engineers all over the world.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n“How do we help move some of these institutions, for instance, off of running their own email servers [and getting them] up into the cloud — where we know that you can provide greater protection — where companies that provide that support have more advanced security apparatus?” Masterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even internationally funded cyberterrorists, he adds, commonly take advantage of easy opportunities like weak passwords and old software. “All they’re doing is exploiting already known vulnerabilities: systems that aren’t updated, systems that aren’t patched, systems that aren’t supported anymore,” Masterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given California’s unexpected \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11872910/flush-with-cash-california-set-to-send-billions-in-rebates-to-taxpayers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">budget surplus\u003c/a> this spring, not to mention the glut of in-state IT talent, some are also asking why the state needs to wait for help from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have all the tools to solve this. We have outstanding people at universities. We have extraordinary people in the private sector,” Khanna said. “We need to think about how we get people in technology to answer the nation’s call to service at a time we’re going through a digital revolution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Identity theft, fraud, ransomware: Cybercrime has become a grim fact of life for schools, utilities, government agencies — really, any operation that uses networked computing. Even here in tech-saturated California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/04/22/841682627/cobol-cowboys-aim-to-rescue-sluggish-state-unemployment-systems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ancient\u003c/a> software, understaffing and mismanagement have plagued state and local agencies for years. That was painfully evident during the height of the pandemic when the California Employment Development Department was caught \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/edd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">completely unprepared\u003c/a> for a massive surge in demand, as well as a surge in hackers keen to get a piece of the action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency’s vulnerabilities were fully exposed last fall when district attorneys from across the state announced that some 30,000 fake unemployment claims had been filed in the names of people incarcerated in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unprecedented infusion of federal funds into unemployment insurance programs across the country last year “gave individuals and organized criminal groups a high-value target to exploit,” according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dol.gov/doloiguioversightwork.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. Labor Department\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>According to the Federal Trade Commission, \u003ca href=\"https://public.tableau.com/profile/federal.trade.commission#!/vizhome/FraudandIDTheftMaps/IDTheftbyState\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">identity theft\u003c/a> complaints in California jumped from 101,614 in 2019 to 147,386 in 2020, a nearly 50% increase. Specific complaints about government documents and benefits fraud soared during that time, from 3,407 to 14,875.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And although the problem flared during the coronavirus pandemic, it’s been mounting for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to make it tangible until it’s too late,” said Matt Masterson, who teaches at Stanford’s Internet Observatory, following a stint as a senior adviser at the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA). “All your systems are locked up, and those same people that have been asking for support either end up getting fired or being moved along because ‘How could you let this happen?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-profile, massively disruptive cyberattacks in the U.S. — like the recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/16/985439655/a-worst-nightmare-cyberattack-the-untold-story-of-the-solarwinds-hack\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SolarWinds\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/11/995751028/what-the-ransomware-attack-on-colonial-pipeline-means-for-the-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Colonial Pipeline\u003c/a> hacks — have effectively underscored the vulnerability of the nation’s critical infrastructure. Acknowledging this, President Biden just signed a broad \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/05/12/fact-sheet-president-signs-executive-order-charting-new-course-to-improve-the-nations-cybersecurity-and-protect-federal-government-networks/\">executive order\u003c/a> that aims to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/12/996355601/in-wake-of-pipeline-hack-biden-signs-executive-order-on-cybersecurity\">strengthen cybersecurity\u003c/a> for federal networks and outline new security standards for commercial software used by both business and the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in their recent \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/opinion/cybersecurity/550324-congress-needs-to-help-modernize-our-digital-infrastructure?rl=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">op-ed\u003c/a> in The Hill, Masterson and former CISA Director Chris Krebs also emphasize the need for federal funding to help state and local agencies around the country get up to speed. The U.S., they argue, needs a new approach to the “new normal of cyber enabled malicious activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether it’s at the grid level, whether it’s water-treatment plants, whether it’s county sheriff’s offices, right? That’s a matter of public safety,” Masterson said. “Investment in this, like any infrastructure, has to be ongoing, but man, now’s the time to have this conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure enough, a bipartisan group of House lawmakers this week \u003ca href=\"https://statescoop.com/state-local-cyber-grants-500-million/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reintroduced\u003c/a> a bill to provide state and local governments with $500 million annually to defend against cyberattacks. (It was \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/5823\">passed by the House last year\u003c/a>, but did not get a vote in the U.S. Senate.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“How do we help move some of these institutions, for instance, off of running their own email servers [and getting them] up into the cloud — where we know that you can provide greater protection — where companies that provide that support have more advanced security apparatus?” Masterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even internationally funded cyberterrorists, he adds, commonly take advantage of easy opportunities like weak passwords and old software. “All they’re doing is exploiting already known vulnerabilities: systems that aren’t updated, systems that aren’t patched, systems that aren’t supported anymore,” Masterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given California’s unexpected \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11872910/flush-with-cash-california-set-to-send-billions-in-rebates-to-taxpayers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">budget surplus\u003c/a> this spring, not to mention the glut of in-state IT talent, some are also asking why the state needs to wait for help from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have all the tools to solve this. We have outstanding people at universities. We have extraordinary people in the private sector,” Khanna said. “We need to think about how we get people in technology to answer the nation’s call to service at a time we’re going through a digital revolution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Two years ago, Dr. Tung Nguyen launched \u003ca href=\"https://www.pivotnetwork.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PIVOT\u003c/a>, a progressive nonprofit that provides information to Vietnamese readers about everything from politics to American culture. Then came the pandemic, and he noticed family members and people in his community spouting misinformation. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Christina Johnson, Vietnamese American Roundtable secretary\"]‘We’ve grown up being cultural brokers, informational brokers for our families. Now we’re really utilizing that skill and expanding it to do it for our communities.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Particularly on YouTube, there are some very high trafficked [sites], and I’m not sure where they are coming from,” said Nguyen, an internal medicine specialist at UCSF. “They seem to have a lot of people listening to what they say, and a lot of what they say is not accurate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in December, right before the vaccine became available for distribution, Nguyen launched an offshoot of PIVOT, \u003ca href=\"https://www.vietcovid.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VietCOVID.org\u003c/a>, to share accurate information in Vietnamese about the virus, how it spreads and what people can do to protect themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many younger Vietnamese Americans with a limited grasp of medical vocabulary in Vietnamese, he explains, face a credibility gap speaking to their elders. “The younger people may know the science, but they can’t explain it in a way that actually makes them credible in Vietnamese. Of course, if they do it in English, the older people won’t know or care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen says his goal to help younger Vietnamese Americans speak with authority to their elders about the virus and the vaccine. “We create materials in both English and Vietnamese so that the English speaking people can read it and understand what it says and can point the Vietnamese part to their family members,” Nguyen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873175\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873175\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"VietCOVID.org presents information in both English and Vietnamese so that younger and older Vietnamese readers can understand the virus and the vaccine.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post.jpeg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">VietCOVID.org presents information in both English and Vietnamese so that younger and older Vietnamese readers can understand the virus and the vaccine.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Jose is home to one of the largest Vietnamese American communities in the country, and it’s one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-12-31/filipino-vietnamese-americans-coronavirus-silicon-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hardest hit by the COVID-19\u003c/a> pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Misinformation and YouTube\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A YouTube spokeswoman told KQED the social media giant employs more than 20,000 content screeners globally, but declined to specify how many of those focus specifically on Vietnamese content, either in Vietnam or in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not difficult to find YouTube channels spouting misinformation about the pandemic in Vietnamese – misinformation that’s often couched as personal opinion – to tens of thousands of subscribers. And YouTube’s \u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/9891785?hl=en&ref_topic=9282436\">community guidelines\u003c/a> don’t always stop certain channels from spreading harmful content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED brought one such video in Vietnamese to YouTube’s attention. It was from a channel with more than 96,000 subscribers which has been suspended twice for violating YouTube’s content guidelines. YouTube didn’t remove the video from its website because a spokeswoman said it didn’t violate its guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nick Nguyen, a board member with PIVOT and a writer for Viet Fact Check, worries the video still spreads harmful misinformation. He argues YouTube’s promise to combat misinformation takes a back seat to its monetization of popular channels, especially when the channels operate in languages other than English. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they are responsive to our small community, then they will have to spend time and money on other groups who fairly ask, ‘Why aren’t you taking down this content in Farsi or Spanish?’ ” Nick Nguyen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Cultural Brokers in a Pandemic\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the absence of effective misinformation control, a number of young Vietnamese Americans have been taking matters into their own hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Lai in Connecticut started an Instagram account called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/viet.fake.news.buster/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Viet Fake News Buster\u003c/a>, where he \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CMdvek4hxtX/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pinpoints parts of YouTube videos\u003c/a> that spread misinformation and encourages his followers to flag the videos for YouTube to take down. In Southern California, young Vietnamese American volunteers translate news articles from English into Vietnamese for \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-interpreter.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Interpreter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873355\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/christina-johnson-1.jpeg\" alt=\"Christina Johnson, secretary for the Vietnamese American Roundtable, felt resources on the pandemic provided by local health officials weren't understandable to her community. So she created resources herself.\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11873355\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/christina-johnson-1.jpeg 500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/christina-johnson-1-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christina Johnson, secretary for the Vietnamese American Roundtable, thought resources on the pandemic provided by local health officials weren’t understandable to her community. So she and the VAR team created them. \u003ccite>(Courtesy VAR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the South Bay, there’s the \u003ca href=\"https://varoundtable.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vietnamese American Roundtable\u003c/a>, which had organized webinars for local Vietnamese American business owners on shelter-in-place guidelines on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/VARoundtable/?ref=page_internal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Facebook\u003c/a>, and sent those who sign up for them vaccination alerts in Vietnamese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This information needs to be out in Vietnamese and there’s no one go-to, or yellow page, or a one-page resource for all our community that is translated into Vietnamese,” said Vietnamese American Roundtable Secretary Christina Johnson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that the information needs to be more than accurate, but culturally nuanced, too. For instance, she points to Santa Clara County information about \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.sccgov.org/home-vietnamese\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COVID-19 and sheltering in place in Vietnamese\u003c/a> as technically accurate, but culturally “clumsy.” [aside tag=\"covid, vietnamese\" label=\"More COVID Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider the word “census.” In Vietnamese, too, it means a count of people. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the word could also be used as investigation,” Johnson said. “When Vietnamese people, like older folks, hear the word ‘investigation,’ it harks back to the communist era. ‘Why are you investigating me? Why do you need to know this information? How is it going to be used?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve grown up being cultural brokers, informational brokers for our families,” Johnson said. “Now we’re really utilizing that skill and expanding it to do it for our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of misinformation, she says familiar peer pressure is a strong driver for vaccine skeptics to overcome their doubts and get the jab. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After my husband got it, my grandparents got it, her sister and her brother got it. It was, like, “OK, people around me are getting it so now I’m going to get it,’ ” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Particularly on YouTube, there are some very high trafficked [sites], and I’m not sure where they are coming from,” said Nguyen, an internal medicine specialist at UCSF. “They seem to have a lot of people listening to what they say, and a lot of what they say is not accurate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in December, right before the vaccine became available for distribution, Nguyen launched an offshoot of PIVOT, \u003ca href=\"https://www.vietcovid.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VietCOVID.org\u003c/a>, to share accurate information in Vietnamese about the virus, how it spreads and what people can do to protect themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many younger Vietnamese Americans with a limited grasp of medical vocabulary in Vietnamese, he explains, face a credibility gap speaking to their elders. “The younger people may know the science, but they can’t explain it in a way that actually makes them credible in Vietnamese. Of course, if they do it in English, the older people won’t know or care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen says his goal to help younger Vietnamese Americans speak with authority to their elders about the virus and the vaccine. “We create materials in both English and Vietnamese so that the English speaking people can read it and understand what it says and can point the Vietnamese part to their family members,” Nguyen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873175\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873175\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"VietCOVID.org presents information in both English and Vietnamese so that younger and older Vietnamese readers can understand the virus and the vaccine.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/VietCovid-Facebook-Post.jpeg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">VietCOVID.org presents information in both English and Vietnamese so that younger and older Vietnamese readers can understand the virus and the vaccine.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Jose is home to one of the largest Vietnamese American communities in the country, and it’s one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-12-31/filipino-vietnamese-americans-coronavirus-silicon-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hardest hit by the COVID-19\u003c/a> pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Misinformation and YouTube\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A YouTube spokeswoman told KQED the social media giant employs more than 20,000 content screeners globally, but declined to specify how many of those focus specifically on Vietnamese content, either in Vietnam or in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not difficult to find YouTube channels spouting misinformation about the pandemic in Vietnamese – misinformation that’s often couched as personal opinion – to tens of thousands of subscribers. And YouTube’s \u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/9891785?hl=en&ref_topic=9282436\">community guidelines\u003c/a> don’t always stop certain channels from spreading harmful content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED brought one such video in Vietnamese to YouTube’s attention. It was from a channel with more than 96,000 subscribers which has been suspended twice for violating YouTube’s content guidelines. YouTube didn’t remove the video from its website because a spokeswoman said it didn’t violate its guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nick Nguyen, a board member with PIVOT and a writer for Viet Fact Check, worries the video still spreads harmful misinformation. He argues YouTube’s promise to combat misinformation takes a back seat to its monetization of popular channels, especially when the channels operate in languages other than English. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they are responsive to our small community, then they will have to spend time and money on other groups who fairly ask, ‘Why aren’t you taking down this content in Farsi or Spanish?’ ” Nick Nguyen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Cultural Brokers in a Pandemic\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the absence of effective misinformation control, a number of young Vietnamese Americans have been taking matters into their own hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Lai in Connecticut started an Instagram account called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/viet.fake.news.buster/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Viet Fake News Buster\u003c/a>, where he \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CMdvek4hxtX/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pinpoints parts of YouTube videos\u003c/a> that spread misinformation and encourages his followers to flag the videos for YouTube to take down. In Southern California, young Vietnamese American volunteers translate news articles from English into Vietnamese for \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-interpreter.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Interpreter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873355\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/christina-johnson-1.jpeg\" alt=\"Christina Johnson, secretary for the Vietnamese American Roundtable, felt resources on the pandemic provided by local health officials weren't understandable to her community. So she created resources herself.\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11873355\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/christina-johnson-1.jpeg 500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/christina-johnson-1-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christina Johnson, secretary for the Vietnamese American Roundtable, thought resources on the pandemic provided by local health officials weren’t understandable to her community. So she and the VAR team created them. \u003ccite>(Courtesy VAR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the South Bay, there’s the \u003ca href=\"https://varoundtable.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vietnamese American Roundtable\u003c/a>, which had organized webinars for local Vietnamese American business owners on shelter-in-place guidelines on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/VARoundtable/?ref=page_internal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Facebook\u003c/a>, and sent those who sign up for them vaccination alerts in Vietnamese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This information needs to be out in Vietnamese and there’s no one go-to, or yellow page, or a one-page resource for all our community that is translated into Vietnamese,” said Vietnamese American Roundtable Secretary Christina Johnson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that the information needs to be more than accurate, but culturally nuanced, too. For instance, she points to Santa Clara County information about \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.sccgov.org/home-vietnamese\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COVID-19 and sheltering in place in Vietnamese\u003c/a> as technically accurate, but culturally “clumsy.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider the word “census.” In Vietnamese, too, it means a count of people. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the word could also be used as investigation,” Johnson said. “When Vietnamese people, like older folks, hear the word ‘investigation,’ it harks back to the communist era. ‘Why are you investigating me? Why do you need to know this information? How is it going to be used?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve grown up being cultural brokers, informational brokers for our families,” Johnson said. “Now we’re really utilizing that skill and expanding it to do it for our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of misinformation, she says familiar peer pressure is a strong driver for vaccine skeptics to overcome their doubts and get the jab. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After my husband got it, my grandparents got it, her sister and her brother got it. It was, like, “OK, people around me are getting it so now I’m going to get it,’ ” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>There’s formal power, the kind you can get by winning an election or being appointed CEO of a company, and then there’s also informal power, the kind that can be asserted on your own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aarti Shahani thinks power sits deep inside each one of us. It can be like a volcano, dormant most of the time, but brimming with energy. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Aarti Shahani, journalist and podcast host\"]‘I felt like when I first came into news, I was hiding who I was because I felt like I am only going to make it in this competitive industry if I whitewash myself.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That kind of power is in everyone,” said Shahani, a former KQED and NPR reporter. “It just depends on how — and when — you let yourself erupt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shahani’s new podcast, \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/art-of-power/id1557529681\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Art of Power\u003c/a> focuses on interviews about what power means to different kinds of leaders, from elected officials to artists and community organizers, and how they’ve been able to tap into it, to create change in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871853\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11871853 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art of Power, is Aarti Shahani’s new podcast (Image courtesy of WBEZ Chicago)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shahani’s understanding of power, and who wields it, was shaped by her youth as an undocumented kid and the daughter of working-class Indian immigrants. When her father faced deportation as a teenager, it changed her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She became a fighter, a community organizer, and eventually, a journalist. “I’ve gotten to experience what it’s like to vie for power when you’re excluded [by design],” Shahani said. “I spent a lot of my young life being part of the ‘powerless.’ The obsession with the practice of power, started very much out of family necessity and survival.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She spent her twenties as an activist, meeting a lot of jailhouse lawyers, and in her thirties, she said she was curious to meet the architects of artificial intelligence. As she said, these tech powers are “temperamentally very different from jailhouse lawyers. But what they share is intensity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later on, as NPR’s Silicon Valley correspondent, Shahani frequently alerted listeners to mega breaches and hacks, reminding them to change their passwords, among other things. “I lovingly, but comedically refer to that chapter of my life as being the Indian IT lady,” laughed Shahani.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871858\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11871858 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘It’s unfortunate that my way into the industry was playing into stereotypes that people around me had,’ Shahani told KQED. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Aarti Shahani)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s unfortunate that my way into the industry was playing into stereotypes that people around me had,” Shahani said. “I felt like when I first came into news, I was hiding who I was because I felt like I am only going to make it in this competitive industry if I whitewash myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shahani was in the room when Elon Musk introduced the self-driving Tesla. During her time as a Silicon Valley reporter she had access to many big names. “My access to power, capital P, exploded and I just became a student of how it functions,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shahani decided to share more of her own personal story in 2019, publishing \u003ca href=\"https://www.powells.com/book/here-we-are-american-dreams-american-nightmares-9781250204752\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Here We Are: American Dreams, American Nightmares\u003c/a>. The book is a memoir about the saga her family endured when her father’s electronics store was caught up in a sting targeting members of the Colombian Cali Cartel in the mid-1990s. Her father found himself facing deportation orders under a Clinton-era law that expanded the definition of deportable offenses for longtime green card holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After publishing the book, she said some South Asian Americans have asked her, “‘How did you feel writing about the skeletons in your family’s closet, the dirty laundry?’ Part of the burden of being a ‘model minority’ is that you have to be a model,” she said. “You’re not supposed to talk about family problems.” However, with so few examples of what modern migrants experience in the deportation system, she wanted to use her own story, “I just felt like, let me just do a true case study,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On her podcast, Shahani pushes her guests to talk about the ways their path to power may be unconventional, or unexpected. During one episode, she asked U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy about his winding journey to becoming the nation’s top doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Murthy told her about a moment as a college student when he was helping with HIV/AIDS education in India, standing in front of a group of students at an assembly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt this energy sort of rising like off my spine,” Murthy told Shahani. “It felt like this surreal but incredibly powerful moment of deep connection,” he said. He came out of that experience with a clearer sense of what he wanted to experience in life. “I want to work on things where I feel such a sense of flow that I feel like the universe is conspiring to help me and to guide me,” Murthy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shahani believes every human who achieves extraordinary things has some sort of deep primal, emotional, or spiritual drive. But this moment in her interview with Murthy left her shaken. “Here we’ve got the top dog in medicine talking about his spiritual awakening. And I’m like, ‘Thank you. Now, I think I actually understand you.’ I’m proud that we have a show where people are delving deeper into themselves,” she said. [aside tag=\"migration\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another episode of Art of Power features Carol Moseley Braun, the first Black woman elected to the U.S. Senate. “Look at the possibilities, not the limitations, because if you look at the limitations, you will not try anything new,” Moseley Braun told Shahani, “you’ll intimidate yourself and you’ll tell yourself no. And that is not how the world changes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moseley Braun explained both what it takes to be the first — what it takes to break a glass ceiling, as well as “how it will cut you,” Shahani said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through her show, Shahani wants her audience to rethink deeply engrained concepts of power. She’s starting by taking to task the American myth of ‘picking yourself up by the bootstraps.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using her own position as a reference point, Shahani asks, “What does the conversation, about entrepreneurship look like when it’s hosted by the white guy who comes from a well-to-do family versus when it’s hosted by the woman of color who comes from a poor family?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said when someone tells her, “‘I just built this thing out of my parents’ garage,’ I don’t think, ‘Oh wow, you just bootstrapped it all by yourself,’ I think, ‘Oh, your parents had a garage. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That kind of power is in everyone,” said Shahani, a former KQED and NPR reporter. “It just depends on how — and when — you let yourself erupt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shahani’s new podcast, \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/art-of-power/id1557529681\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Art of Power\u003c/a> focuses on interviews about what power means to different kinds of leaders, from elected officials to artists and community organizers, and how they’ve been able to tap into it, to create change in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871853\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11871853 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/ArtofPower-Final_1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art of Power, is Aarti Shahani’s new podcast (Image courtesy of WBEZ Chicago)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shahani’s understanding of power, and who wields it, was shaped by her youth as an undocumented kid and the daughter of working-class Indian immigrants. When her father faced deportation as a teenager, it changed her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She became a fighter, a community organizer, and eventually, a journalist. “I’ve gotten to experience what it’s like to vie for power when you’re excluded [by design],” Shahani said. “I spent a lot of my young life being part of the ‘powerless.’ The obsession with the practice of power, started very much out of family necessity and survival.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She spent her twenties as an activist, meeting a lot of jailhouse lawyers, and in her thirties, she said she was curious to meet the architects of artificial intelligence. As she said, these tech powers are “temperamentally very different from jailhouse lawyers. But what they share is intensity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later on, as NPR’s Silicon Valley correspondent, Shahani frequently alerted listeners to mega breaches and hacks, reminding them to change their passwords, among other things. “I lovingly, but comedically refer to that chapter of my life as being the Indian IT lady,” laughed Shahani.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11871858\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11871858 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/04/NPR-Portrait.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘It’s unfortunate that my way into the industry was playing into stereotypes that people around me had,’ Shahani told KQED. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Aarti Shahani)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s unfortunate that my way into the industry was playing into stereotypes that people around me had,” Shahani said. “I felt like when I first came into news, I was hiding who I was because I felt like I am only going to make it in this competitive industry if I whitewash myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shahani was in the room when Elon Musk introduced the self-driving Tesla. During her time as a Silicon Valley reporter she had access to many big names. “My access to power, capital P, exploded and I just became a student of how it functions,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shahani decided to share more of her own personal story in 2019, publishing \u003ca href=\"https://www.powells.com/book/here-we-are-american-dreams-american-nightmares-9781250204752\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Here We Are: American Dreams, American Nightmares\u003c/a>. The book is a memoir about the saga her family endured when her father’s electronics store was caught up in a sting targeting members of the Colombian Cali Cartel in the mid-1990s. 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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
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"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"order": 8
},
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},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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