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"content": "\u003cp>Artificial intelligence might be the new frontier in technology, but Toby Reed, a senior at Fremont High in Oakland, is unequivocal about whether to harness its powers — at least on his college application essay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No. It’s blatantly plagiarizing,” said Reed, who, like hundreds of thousands of other California seniors, is in the process of applying to colleges. “It’s bad enough stealing content, but with ChatGPT you’re not even stealing from a real person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the first application season since generative AI tools like ChatGPT have become widely available, colleges and high schools are grappling with the ethical and practical implications of text-writing technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Katherine Goyette, computer science coordinator, California Department of Education\"]‘We want our students to understand how AI works and how to leverage it, but also understand the ethical implications. AI is here. We need to teach students and educators how to learn with it, and learn about it.’[/pullquote]“We can’t pretend it away,” said Josh Godinez, a counselor at Centennial High School in Riverside County, and former president of the California Association of School Counselors. Students are using AI on their college application essays, whether grown-ups like it or not, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most school leaders and college experts that CalMatters interviewed agree that students who rely exclusively on AI to write their college application essays are violating academic integrity rules and are subject to having their applications rejected. But there’s plenty of nuance in the details, and guidelines can be vague and confusing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Education \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ca/cs/aiincalifornia.asp\">encourages districts to explore\u003c/a> the potential benefits of AI, particularly in computer science curriculum or as part of broader lessons in media literacy. But it leaves decisions about AI use in classrooms up to school districts — many of which have policies prohibiting plagiarism, which could include the use of AI for writing essays, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means most students applying to college now are at least familiar with the ethics of using technology to write their essays for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want our students to understand how AI works and how to leverage it, but also understand the ethical implications,” said Katherine Goyette, the state education department’s computer science coordinator. “AI is here. We need to teach students and educators how to learn with it, and learn about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even if colleges prohibit essays whose provenance is generative AI, nabbing a student for robotic plagiarism is an imprecise science. The company behind ChatGPT \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2023/7/25/23807487/openai-ai-generated-low-accuracy\">shut down its own tool\u003c/a> for detecting text generated by AI in July, citing a high rate of error. One scholar \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/ai-detection-chat-gpt-college-students/\">in a \u003cem>Wired\u003c/em> article\u003c/a> noted that even a 1% rate of false-positives is inexcusable, because for every 1,000 essays, that’s 10 students who could be accused of an academic theft they didn’t commit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José Gonzalez, chief technology officer for the Los Angeles County Office of Education, noted that no AI detection tool is 100% accurate. And AI itself can occasionally produce incorrect information.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Varying policies on AI in admissions essays\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Common App, the college application tool used by \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonapp.org/explore/\">1,000 institutions nationwide\u003c/a>, in August included a restriction on “substantive” AI use in college admissions applications as part of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonapp.org/files/Common-App-Fraud-Policy.pdf\">fraud policy (PDF)\u003c/a>. The addition was a response to feedback from member colleges and an internal desire to “keep up with the changing technologies,” a spokesperson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does “substantive” mean? Common App’s CEO, Jenny Rickard, said there’s no definition, and that’s intentional, writing in an email that “we will evaluate the totality of the circumstances to determine if a student truly intended to misrepresent content generated by AI technology as their own work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common App doesn’t determine whether students are being honest — that’s up to the member colleges to figure out. But if Common App concludes that a student plagiarized, that student’s account may be terminated and Common App will notify the campuses to which the student applied, Rickard wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of Southern California, which uses the Common App exclusively to process its admissions and is a \u003ca href=\"https://s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/ca.research.publish/State+2020/California2020.pdf\">top choice for Common App applicants (PDF)\u003c/a>, is less lenient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Were we to learn that an applicant had used generative AI for any part of their application, their application would be immediately rejected,” the university said in a written statement. The school turned down CalMatters’ request to interview an admissions official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964280\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11964280\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17.jpg\" alt=\"A Black student with long hair leans against a wall.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Toby Reed, a senior at Fremont High School in Oakland, on campus on Oct. 10, 2023. \u003ccite>(Laure Andrillon/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But those stern words lack teeth. The highly selective private university isn’t employing any AI-detection software, a spokesperson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California and its nine undergraduate campuses permit students to use generative AI in admissions essays in limited form, such as “advice on content and editing,” but “content and final written text must be their own,” \u003ca href=\"https://apply.universityofcalifornia.edu/docs/StatementOfIntegrity.pdf\">its written policy states (PDF)\u003c/a>. Unlike the state’s private campuses, UC operates its own admissions portal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the UC Office of the President, which also turned down a CalMatters request for an interview on the topic, wouldn’t specify how it detects whether students relied on AI tools to write their essays. “UC conducts regular screenings to verify the integrity of the responses, may request authentication of the content or writing as the student’s, and will take action when it is determined that the integrity of the response is compromised,” including plagiarism through AI, its guidance states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan King, a UC spokesperson, suggested students are wasting their effort by relying on AI generative tools, writing “it would be more work for them to try building a strong ChatGPT prompt than it would be to develop their own original responses to the (essay questions).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campuses that responded to CalMatters indicated that while generative AI can be a source to spitball ideas, structure an outline and generally shape the essay-writing process, the tools are no match for human voices to communicate nuance and detail how an applicant’s life experiences tie into the various essay questions. There’s also limited room for the banal writing AI tools typically generate — the Common App essay response can’t exceed 650 words while UC’s four essays are capped at 350 words each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"artificial-intelligence\"]Pomona College, a highly selective institution that accepts applications through the Common App, has no formal policy on AI use in admissions essays, though its admissions director, Adam Sapp, wrote in an email that the technology is “not very good at nuance, personalization or helping a student communicate in their authentic voice, which is what we’re really looking for when we evaluate an application.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The value of a 350-word response on topics like leadership, resiliency, or creativity may be diminished if it doesn’t directly reflect a student’s own experiences,” noted UC Riverside’s director of undergraduate admissions, Veronica Zendejas, in email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admissions officials at Stanford University and UC Berkeley conveyed similar sentiments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zendejas offers practical tips for crafting essay responses, a process that can often cause anxiety in students. She tells prospective students to “write in clear, straightforward prose, much like they would in an interview or a conversation. This approach should alleviate concerns about the need for AI tools to assist in writing their responses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of San Francisco, another Common App partner, won’t use AI detection software for college applications because school officials don’t think it’s necessary. The full picture of a student’s fit on campus comes into view from their grades, letters of recommendation and other aspects of the holistic application review, said Sherie Gilmore-Cleveland, the university’s associate provost who oversees undergraduate admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a student’s high school academics, the essay is the second-most important factor in a student’s application, she said. But in her 20-plus years of working in admissions, Gilmore-Cleveland noted, she’s never encountered a case in which a student with weak grades and a strong essay was admitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the flip side, however, a student with good grades and an awful essay may be rejected from the university if they’re trying to apply for a competitive major. The student may be re-routed to another major, or just be rejected outright — it’s a case-by-case basis, Gilmore-Cleveland said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Using generative AI is easy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But not everyone applying to college is a good writer, said Jeffrey Hancock, a Stanford University \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/2023/02/13/will-chatgpt-change-way-think-work/\">professor of communication\u003c/a>, and some students will “probably find that they do better when they use a tool like this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hancock said students with no coding experience can train a tool like ChatGPT, especially the latest premium version, to generate strong essays, in a process known as fine-tuning.[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, an applicant pastes old essays written by students who were admitted to top colleges into an AI tool, and tells it to analyze them for positive traits. Then, the applicant pastes essays from students who were rejected from schools and prompts the AI to look for patterns to avoid. Along the way, the applicant can also confirm that the AI tool is understanding the task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, the applicant prompts the tool to generate a rough draft based on those findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hancock co-published a peer-reviewed study in March showing that humans can detect AI-written work \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2208839120\">about as accurately as predicting a coin toss\u003c/a> — meaning poorly. And “as you build detectors, the AI gets better,” said Hancock, who anticipates there will soon be an arms race between detection and evasion tools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while generative AI may be the latest cause célèbre, it’s part of a long line of help students have been able to access for decades. Teachers, counselors and family members offer students writing support. So can pricey tutors, who — even if they’re \u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/human-interest/2023/09/college-essay-personal-statement-narrative-common-app.html#:~:text=Hiring%20an%20expensive,and%20editing%20drafts.\">ethically opposed\u003c/a> to writing an essay for a student — can still provide tailored coaching in a way that’s inaccessible to most lower-income students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate over AI use in college applications reflects a larger trend in classrooms. Educators are deciding how to adapt to artificial intelligence, especially as it improves and becomes more ubiquitous. Some districts have yet to address the issue, while others have adopted comprehensive guidelines promoting its benefits and warning of its dangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Tara Sorkhabi, senior at Monte Vista High School in Danville\"]‘Admissions officers wouldn’t know who they’re accepting. They’d basically be admitting a bot.’[/pullquote]The Los Angeles County Office of Education held an AI symposium last summer for hundreds of educators, and is crafting guidelines for the 80 districts it oversees. Despite AI’s obvious risks, the most obvious benefits, according to Gonzalez, are for teachers and administrators: creating lesson plans, making master schedules, tracking student achievement and attendance, writing grant applications and even crafting state-mandated accountability plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Elgersma, senior editor for learning content strategy at Common Sense Media, a research and advocacy nonprofit, suggests that schools move forward thoughtfully as they create AI policies and include students in the discussion. Students should understand the ethical implications, the biases that exist in AI algorithms, the potential for misinformation and the privacy risks, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since college essays are so personal, it brings up a question of privacy,” Elgersma said. “For example, pieces of your story could turn up folded into another student’s AI-generated essay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students should also understand the value of learning to write, and think, independently, “developing your own ideas and expressing yourself in words, with clarity and profundity and a flair that’s your own,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tara Sorkhabi, a senior at Monte Vista High School in Danville, said her teachers have been clear in discouraging, if not outright banning, the use of AI for writing assignments. While Sorkhabi has found AI useful in studying chemistry, for example, she does not believe students should use it for college application essays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Admissions officers wouldn’t know who they’re accepting. They’d basically be admitting a bot,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also thinks that allowing AI in college application essays is unfair to students who toil for weeks perfecting their own essays without the help of machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reed, the Fremont High senior, said students who over-rely on AI for writing assignments are ultimately cheating themselves, because they’re not learning valuable skills like research, expression and critical thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s your future,” Reed said, emphasizing that students should take advantage of opportunities to expand their minds, not use short-cuts. “You can’t plagiarize in school. You can’t do it at work. People like AI because it’s quick and easy, but it’s not good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/carolyn-jones/\">Carolyn Jones\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/mikhailzinshteyn/\">Mikhail Zinshteyn\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Artificial intelligence might be the new frontier in technology, but Toby Reed, a senior at Fremont High in Oakland, is unequivocal about whether to harness its powers — at least on his college application essay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No. It’s blatantly plagiarizing,” said Reed, who, like hundreds of thousands of other California seniors, is in the process of applying to colleges. “It’s bad enough stealing content, but with ChatGPT you’re not even stealing from a real person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the first application season since generative AI tools like ChatGPT have become widely available, colleges and high schools are grappling with the ethical and practical implications of text-writing technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We want our students to understand how AI works and how to leverage it, but also understand the ethical implications. AI is here. We need to teach students and educators how to learn with it, and learn about it.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We can’t pretend it away,” said Josh Godinez, a counselor at Centennial High School in Riverside County, and former president of the California Association of School Counselors. Students are using AI on their college application essays, whether grown-ups like it or not, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most school leaders and college experts that CalMatters interviewed agree that students who rely exclusively on AI to write their college application essays are violating academic integrity rules and are subject to having their applications rejected. But there’s plenty of nuance in the details, and guidelines can be vague and confusing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Education \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ca/cs/aiincalifornia.asp\">encourages districts to explore\u003c/a> the potential benefits of AI, particularly in computer science curriculum or as part of broader lessons in media literacy. But it leaves decisions about AI use in classrooms up to school districts — many of which have policies prohibiting plagiarism, which could include the use of AI for writing essays, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means most students applying to college now are at least familiar with the ethics of using technology to write their essays for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want our students to understand how AI works and how to leverage it, but also understand the ethical implications,” said Katherine Goyette, the state education department’s computer science coordinator. “AI is here. We need to teach students and educators how to learn with it, and learn about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even if colleges prohibit essays whose provenance is generative AI, nabbing a student for robotic plagiarism is an imprecise science. The company behind ChatGPT \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2023/7/25/23807487/openai-ai-generated-low-accuracy\">shut down its own tool\u003c/a> for detecting text generated by AI in July, citing a high rate of error. One scholar \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/ai-detection-chat-gpt-college-students/\">in a \u003cem>Wired\u003c/em> article\u003c/a> noted that even a 1% rate of false-positives is inexcusable, because for every 1,000 essays, that’s 10 students who could be accused of an academic theft they didn’t commit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José Gonzalez, chief technology officer for the Los Angeles County Office of Education, noted that no AI detection tool is 100% accurate. And AI itself can occasionally produce incorrect information.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Varying policies on AI in admissions essays\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Common App, the college application tool used by \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonapp.org/explore/\">1,000 institutions nationwide\u003c/a>, in August included a restriction on “substantive” AI use in college admissions applications as part of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonapp.org/files/Common-App-Fraud-Policy.pdf\">fraud policy (PDF)\u003c/a>. The addition was a response to feedback from member colleges and an internal desire to “keep up with the changing technologies,” a spokesperson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does “substantive” mean? Common App’s CEO, Jenny Rickard, said there’s no definition, and that’s intentional, writing in an email that “we will evaluate the totality of the circumstances to determine if a student truly intended to misrepresent content generated by AI technology as their own work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common App doesn’t determine whether students are being honest — that’s up to the member colleges to figure out. But if Common App concludes that a student plagiarized, that student’s account may be terminated and Common App will notify the campuses to which the student applied, Rickard wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of Southern California, which uses the Common App exclusively to process its admissions and is a \u003ca href=\"https://s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/ca.research.publish/State+2020/California2020.pdf\">top choice for Common App applicants (PDF)\u003c/a>, is less lenient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Were we to learn that an applicant had used generative AI for any part of their application, their application would be immediately rejected,” the university said in a written statement. The school turned down CalMatters’ request to interview an admissions official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964280\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11964280\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17.jpg\" alt=\"A Black student with long hair leans against a wall.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/101023-AI-College-Toby-Reed-LA-CM-17-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Toby Reed, a senior at Fremont High School in Oakland, on campus on Oct. 10, 2023. \u003ccite>(Laure Andrillon/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But those stern words lack teeth. The highly selective private university isn’t employing any AI-detection software, a spokesperson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of California and its nine undergraduate campuses permit students to use generative AI in admissions essays in limited form, such as “advice on content and editing,” but “content and final written text must be their own,” \u003ca href=\"https://apply.universityofcalifornia.edu/docs/StatementOfIntegrity.pdf\">its written policy states (PDF)\u003c/a>. Unlike the state’s private campuses, UC operates its own admissions portal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the UC Office of the President, which also turned down a CalMatters request for an interview on the topic, wouldn’t specify how it detects whether students relied on AI tools to write their essays. “UC conducts regular screenings to verify the integrity of the responses, may request authentication of the content or writing as the student’s, and will take action when it is determined that the integrity of the response is compromised,” including plagiarism through AI, its guidance states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan King, a UC spokesperson, suggested students are wasting their effort by relying on AI generative tools, writing “it would be more work for them to try building a strong ChatGPT prompt than it would be to develop their own original responses to the (essay questions).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campuses that responded to CalMatters indicated that while generative AI can be a source to spitball ideas, structure an outline and generally shape the essay-writing process, the tools are no match for human voices to communicate nuance and detail how an applicant’s life experiences tie into the various essay questions. There’s also limited room for the banal writing AI tools typically generate — the Common App essay response can’t exceed 650 words while UC’s four essays are capped at 350 words each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Pomona College, a highly selective institution that accepts applications through the Common App, has no formal policy on AI use in admissions essays, though its admissions director, Adam Sapp, wrote in an email that the technology is “not very good at nuance, personalization or helping a student communicate in their authentic voice, which is what we’re really looking for when we evaluate an application.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The value of a 350-word response on topics like leadership, resiliency, or creativity may be diminished if it doesn’t directly reflect a student’s own experiences,” noted UC Riverside’s director of undergraduate admissions, Veronica Zendejas, in email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admissions officials at Stanford University and UC Berkeley conveyed similar sentiments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zendejas offers practical tips for crafting essay responses, a process that can often cause anxiety in students. She tells prospective students to “write in clear, straightforward prose, much like they would in an interview or a conversation. This approach should alleviate concerns about the need for AI tools to assist in writing their responses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of San Francisco, another Common App partner, won’t use AI detection software for college applications because school officials don’t think it’s necessary. The full picture of a student’s fit on campus comes into view from their grades, letters of recommendation and other aspects of the holistic application review, said Sherie Gilmore-Cleveland, the university’s associate provost who oversees undergraduate admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a student’s high school academics, the essay is the second-most important factor in a student’s application, she said. But in her 20-plus years of working in admissions, Gilmore-Cleveland noted, she’s never encountered a case in which a student with weak grades and a strong essay was admitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the flip side, however, a student with good grades and an awful essay may be rejected from the university if they’re trying to apply for a competitive major. The student may be re-routed to another major, or just be rejected outright — it’s a case-by-case basis, Gilmore-Cleveland said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Using generative AI is easy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But not everyone applying to college is a good writer, said Jeffrey Hancock, a Stanford University \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/2023/02/13/will-chatgpt-change-way-think-work/\">professor of communication\u003c/a>, and some students will “probably find that they do better when they use a tool like this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hancock said students with no coding experience can train a tool like ChatGPT, especially the latest premium version, to generate strong essays, in a process known as fine-tuning.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, an applicant pastes old essays written by students who were admitted to top colleges into an AI tool, and tells it to analyze them for positive traits. Then, the applicant pastes essays from students who were rejected from schools and prompts the AI to look for patterns to avoid. Along the way, the applicant can also confirm that the AI tool is understanding the task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, the applicant prompts the tool to generate a rough draft based on those findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hancock co-published a peer-reviewed study in March showing that humans can detect AI-written work \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2208839120\">about as accurately as predicting a coin toss\u003c/a> — meaning poorly. And “as you build detectors, the AI gets better,” said Hancock, who anticipates there will soon be an arms race between detection and evasion tools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while generative AI may be the latest cause célèbre, it’s part of a long line of help students have been able to access for decades. Teachers, counselors and family members offer students writing support. So can pricey tutors, who — even if they’re \u003ca href=\"https://slate.com/human-interest/2023/09/college-essay-personal-statement-narrative-common-app.html#:~:text=Hiring%20an%20expensive,and%20editing%20drafts.\">ethically opposed\u003c/a> to writing an essay for a student — can still provide tailored coaching in a way that’s inaccessible to most lower-income students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate over AI use in college applications reflects a larger trend in classrooms. Educators are deciding how to adapt to artificial intelligence, especially as it improves and becomes more ubiquitous. Some districts have yet to address the issue, while others have adopted comprehensive guidelines promoting its benefits and warning of its dangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Los Angeles County Office of Education held an AI symposium last summer for hundreds of educators, and is crafting guidelines for the 80 districts it oversees. Despite AI’s obvious risks, the most obvious benefits, according to Gonzalez, are for teachers and administrators: creating lesson plans, making master schedules, tracking student achievement and attendance, writing grant applications and even crafting state-mandated accountability plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Elgersma, senior editor for learning content strategy at Common Sense Media, a research and advocacy nonprofit, suggests that schools move forward thoughtfully as they create AI policies and include students in the discussion. Students should understand the ethical implications, the biases that exist in AI algorithms, the potential for misinformation and the privacy risks, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since college essays are so personal, it brings up a question of privacy,” Elgersma said. “For example, pieces of your story could turn up folded into another student’s AI-generated essay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students should also understand the value of learning to write, and think, independently, “developing your own ideas and expressing yourself in words, with clarity and profundity and a flair that’s your own,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tara Sorkhabi, a senior at Monte Vista High School in Danville, said her teachers have been clear in discouraging, if not outright banning, the use of AI for writing assignments. While Sorkhabi has found AI useful in studying chemistry, for example, she does not believe students should use it for college application essays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Admissions officers wouldn’t know who they’re accepting. They’d basically be admitting a bot,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also thinks that allowing AI in college application essays is unfair to students who toil for weeks perfecting their own essays without the help of machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reed, the Fremont High senior, said students who over-rely on AI for writing assignments are ultimately cheating themselves, because they’re not learning valuable skills like research, expression and critical thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s your future,” Reed said, emphasizing that students should take advantage of opportunities to expand their minds, not use short-cuts. “You can’t plagiarize in school. You can’t do it at work. People like AI because it’s quick and easy, but it’s not good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Heads-up: On Wednesday morning, you’ll see — and hear — \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20230803/fema-and-fcc-plan-nationwide-emergency-alert-test-oct-4-2023\">a loud test of the United States’ emergency alert system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s because the system that’s meant to warn you in the event of a major disaster is being tested by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fema\">the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)\u003c/a> and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). And this means that a loud alert will be broadcast not just on radio and television, but also on your cellphone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#emergencyalerttiming\">When will this emergency alert hit my cellphone?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#emergencytestsound\">What will the test look and sound like?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#blockfemaemergencyalert\">Can I block this emergency alert?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Seeing the words “Emergency Alert” on your phone or the nearest TV screen can be jarring, even when the rest of the wording makes it clear that it’s only a test. And many people who lived in Hawaii in 2018 — and their families — still hold the traumatic memories of \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/01/pandemonium-and-rage-in-hawaii/550529/\">an Emergency Alert System alert sent to residents’ cellphones warning of an apparent imminent missile threat,\u003c/a> in a false alarm accidentally triggered by one employee during a test.[aside postID='news_11963308,news_11940562,news_11960630' label='More Explainers From KQED']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people are familiar with emergency test alerts appearing on broadcast platforms like television and radio, but potentially less familiar with how those alerts are tested on the cellphone they’re holding. So if you know of someone in your life that might be alarmed or panicked by this emergency alert test blaring on their cellphone — for example, an elder in your family who maybe isn’t super-comfortable using their cellphone — you might consider giving them a heads-up about Wednesday morning’s test and letting them know it’s nothing to be concerned about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The message will also be in either English or Spanish depending on the language settings of a person’s cellphone. So if you know someone who doesn’t speak either of those languages, let them know about the test too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you know a person who \u003cem>really\u003c/em> won’t want to have their phone suddenly screeching loudly on Wednesday morning — perhaps \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954298/fireworks-near-me-fourth-of-july-safety#PTSD\">someone living with PTSD\u003c/a>, a person who works nights or a family with a young baby sleeping at home — you might want to send them this story as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"emergencyalerttiming\">\u003c/a>When and where will the emergency alert test take place?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s actually two tests, really: one happening on broadcast (radio and television) and one that will come through to your cellphone. Keep reading for the specific details of the messages you’ll see or hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both tests are scheduled to begin at around 2:20 p.m. ET — 11:20 a.m. PT here in California — Wednesday, Oct. 4.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#disasterscenario\">When might I receive one of these alerts for real?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For the broadcast tests, radio and television stations have a little flexibility about the exact timing of the emergency alert test. KQED Public Radio will be carrying the emergency alert test at 11 a.m. PT on Wednesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the cellphone test, FEMA says that cell towers will “broadcast the test for approximately 30 minutes” starting around that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"emergencytestsound\">\u003c/a>What will Wednesday’s emergency alert test look and sound like?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first part of the test will happen on radio and television, and will be testing the government’s Emergency Alert System (EAS). FEMA says this will be the seventh EAS test that’s been conducted nationwide, so chances are good you’ve seen or heard one of these broadcast tests before, and that the emergency tone is familiar to you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second part of the test, which will happen around the same time, will be sent direct to your cellphone to test the government’s Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA). FEMA says this is only the second time WEA have been tested to all cellular devices.[aside postID='news_11959477,news_11959904,science_1984306' label='More Explainers From KQED']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for what people will see and hear on their phones, “it’s going to be the same sound that they hear for when they get an Amber Alert or another type of alert on their cellphone,” said Richard Rudman, chair of California’s State Emergency Communications Committee. The noise will be loud, and will come through even if your phone is silenced. The message will also be accompanied with vibration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The text will be in either English or Spanish, depending on your phone’s language settings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In English you’ll see the words “THIS IS A TEST of the National Wireless Emergency Alert System. No action is needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phones with Spanish-language settings will show: “ESTA ES UNA PRUEBA del Sistema Nacional de Alerta de Emergencia. No se necesita acción.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What should I do when I see or hear the test?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nothing — as the test message will say, no action is needed from you.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"blockfemaemergencyalert\">\u003c/a>Can I block the emergency alert? What if my phone is off at the time?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>FEMA says that \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20231003/fema-and-fcc-plan-nationwide-emergency-alert-test-oct-4-test-messages-will\">your cellphone needs to be “switched on, within range of an active cell tower\u003c/a>, and in a geographic area where the wireless provider participates” in the Wireless Emergency Alerts system to be capable of receiving the emergency test message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if your phone is switched off, you won’t hear the emergency alert. \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/wireless-emergency-alerts-wea\">Your phone also won’t receive the alert if it’s in Airplane Mode\u003c/a>, according to the FCC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens when you turn your phone back on? According to FEMA, “if a phone is off before the test alert is sent and not turned back on until after the WEA Test expires (approximately 30 minutes),\u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20231003/fema-and-fcc-plan-nationwide-emergency-alert-test-oct-4-test-messages-will\"> the phone should not get the test message\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about blocking the alert? \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/wireless-emergency-alerts-wea\">Your wireless carrier \u003cem>may\u003c/em> offer you the option of blocking some Wireless Emergency Alerts\u003c/a> — like Amber Alerts— in your phone settings, says FEMA. However, that doesn’t apply to National Alerts, which means that opting out of Wednesday’s test through your settings isn’t in fact possible. Plus, the FCC says that it “strongly urges” you to stay opted in to Wireless Emergency Alerts in general, “to receive all these life-saving messages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why is this emergency test happening?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“The cellphone WEA alerts are usually for local emergencies,” explains Rudman. “This is one of the first national tests being conducted for this particular type of test.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The primary purpose of this test, said Rudman, is less about alerting every individual’s cellphone and more about “making sure all of the cellphone carriers are equipped properly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, this is more directed at Verizon or AT&T than it is at you personally — testing whether those carriers will indeed be able to alert your cellphone in the event of a real disaster, whether it’s happening on a local or national scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"disasterscenario\">\u003c/a>Why would I potentially receive this kind of alert for real?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As unsettling as it can feel to imagine the scenarios in which you’d be seeing and hearing this kind of emergency message for real, these alerts are a key way of letting the public know what they need to do in the event of a disaster, said Rudman. And the list of potential disaster events, “as we’re finding out in an age where we have changing weather, and wildfires and other things are concerned, is kind of endless,” said Rudman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Another reason these alerts are crucial: If a disaster is really unfolding, an emergency alert message won’t just tell you it’s happening. Instead it should tell you what you need to \u003cem>do\u003c/em> to be safe, said Rudman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There may be a shelter in place order; there may be an immediate evacuation order; there may be an order to boil water because the water isn’t safe there, or a smoke cloud or a toxic gas cloud is coming,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These alerts are also meant to get residents to take the threat seriously, and heed the warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Human nature is such that it takes a little bit of reinforcement to get us motivated to stop what we’re doing,” said Rudman. When something really bad happens, he said, many people go into a state of denial about the scale of the disaster, and that this is really happening to them. These alerts are intended to “help break through that, and get people to take actions that help protect themselves,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a disaster situation — for example, a fast-moving wildfire, a flood or storm, a tsunami or a terrorist attack — these emergency alerts on radio, television and cellphones would only be one part of a wider mix of alerting systems, said Rudman. For example, during wildfires in Northern California law enforcement have gone door-to-door to evacuate residents, or broadcast safety messages from the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840047/during-a-disaster-your-phone-might-stop-working-how-can-you-communicate\">Cellphone service itself can also be severely disrupted during a disaster\u003c/a>, as we’ve seen with recent wildfires in the wider Bay Area. In the event of a major emergency, local emergency managers “should use all the tools in their toolkit with the hopes that as many people as possible will get warnings,” said Rudman.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wait, my phone didn’t get the emergency alert. What happened?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Remember that the emergency test to your cellphone is scheduled to \u003cem>begin\u003c/em> around 11:20 a.m. on Wednesday morning, and it could take half an hour for the alert to come through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, said Rudman, “sometimes tests don’t always go well, and we uncover problems.” So if you don’t received the emergency alert test on Wednesday morning at all, he advises you let your cellphone carrier know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[hearken id=\"10483\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/10483.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>An earlier version of this story was published on Oct. 3 \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Heads-up: On Wednesday morning, you’ll see — and hear — \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20230803/fema-and-fcc-plan-nationwide-emergency-alert-test-oct-4-2023\">a loud test of the United States’ emergency alert system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s because the system that’s meant to warn you in the event of a major disaster is being tested by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fema\">the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)\u003c/a> and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). And this means that a loud alert will be broadcast not just on radio and television, but also on your cellphone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#emergencyalerttiming\">When will this emergency alert hit my cellphone?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#emergencytestsound\">What will the test look and sound like?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#blockfemaemergencyalert\">Can I block this emergency alert?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Seeing the words “Emergency Alert” on your phone or the nearest TV screen can be jarring, even when the rest of the wording makes it clear that it’s only a test. And many people who lived in Hawaii in 2018 — and their families — still hold the traumatic memories of \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/01/pandemonium-and-rage-in-hawaii/550529/\">an Emergency Alert System alert sent to residents’ cellphones warning of an apparent imminent missile threat,\u003c/a> in a false alarm accidentally triggered by one employee during a test.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people are familiar with emergency test alerts appearing on broadcast platforms like television and radio, but potentially less familiar with how those alerts are tested on the cellphone they’re holding. So if you know of someone in your life that might be alarmed or panicked by this emergency alert test blaring on their cellphone — for example, an elder in your family who maybe isn’t super-comfortable using their cellphone — you might consider giving them a heads-up about Wednesday morning’s test and letting them know it’s nothing to be concerned about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The message will also be in either English or Spanish depending on the language settings of a person’s cellphone. So if you know someone who doesn’t speak either of those languages, let them know about the test too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you know a person who \u003cem>really\u003c/em> won’t want to have their phone suddenly screeching loudly on Wednesday morning — perhaps \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954298/fireworks-near-me-fourth-of-july-safety#PTSD\">someone living with PTSD\u003c/a>, a person who works nights or a family with a young baby sleeping at home — you might want to send them this story as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"emergencyalerttiming\">\u003c/a>When and where will the emergency alert test take place?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s actually two tests, really: one happening on broadcast (radio and television) and one that will come through to your cellphone. Keep reading for the specific details of the messages you’ll see or hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both tests are scheduled to begin at around 2:20 p.m. ET — 11:20 a.m. PT here in California — Wednesday, Oct. 4.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#disasterscenario\">When might I receive one of these alerts for real?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For the broadcast tests, radio and television stations have a little flexibility about the exact timing of the emergency alert test. KQED Public Radio will be carrying the emergency alert test at 11 a.m. PT on Wednesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the cellphone test, FEMA says that cell towers will “broadcast the test for approximately 30 minutes” starting around that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"emergencytestsound\">\u003c/a>What will Wednesday’s emergency alert test look and sound like?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first part of the test will happen on radio and television, and will be testing the government’s Emergency Alert System (EAS). FEMA says this will be the seventh EAS test that’s been conducted nationwide, so chances are good you’ve seen or heard one of these broadcast tests before, and that the emergency tone is familiar to you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second part of the test, which will happen around the same time, will be sent direct to your cellphone to test the government’s Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA). FEMA says this is only the second time WEA have been tested to all cellular devices.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for what people will see and hear on their phones, “it’s going to be the same sound that they hear for when they get an Amber Alert or another type of alert on their cellphone,” said Richard Rudman, chair of California’s State Emergency Communications Committee. The noise will be loud, and will come through even if your phone is silenced. The message will also be accompanied with vibration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The text will be in either English or Spanish, depending on your phone’s language settings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In English you’ll see the words “THIS IS A TEST of the National Wireless Emergency Alert System. No action is needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phones with Spanish-language settings will show: “ESTA ES UNA PRUEBA del Sistema Nacional de Alerta de Emergencia. No se necesita acción.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What should I do when I see or hear the test?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nothing — as the test message will say, no action is needed from you.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"blockfemaemergencyalert\">\u003c/a>Can I block the emergency alert? What if my phone is off at the time?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>FEMA says that \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20231003/fema-and-fcc-plan-nationwide-emergency-alert-test-oct-4-test-messages-will\">your cellphone needs to be “switched on, within range of an active cell tower\u003c/a>, and in a geographic area where the wireless provider participates” in the Wireless Emergency Alerts system to be capable of receiving the emergency test message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if your phone is switched off, you won’t hear the emergency alert. \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/wireless-emergency-alerts-wea\">Your phone also won’t receive the alert if it’s in Airplane Mode\u003c/a>, according to the FCC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens when you turn your phone back on? According to FEMA, “if a phone is off before the test alert is sent and not turned back on until after the WEA Test expires (approximately 30 minutes),\u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20231003/fema-and-fcc-plan-nationwide-emergency-alert-test-oct-4-test-messages-will\"> the phone should not get the test message\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about blocking the alert? \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/wireless-emergency-alerts-wea\">Your wireless carrier \u003cem>may\u003c/em> offer you the option of blocking some Wireless Emergency Alerts\u003c/a> — like Amber Alerts— in your phone settings, says FEMA. However, that doesn’t apply to National Alerts, which means that opting out of Wednesday’s test through your settings isn’t in fact possible. Plus, the FCC says that it “strongly urges” you to stay opted in to Wireless Emergency Alerts in general, “to receive all these life-saving messages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why is this emergency test happening?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“The cellphone WEA alerts are usually for local emergencies,” explains Rudman. “This is one of the first national tests being conducted for this particular type of test.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The primary purpose of this test, said Rudman, is less about alerting every individual’s cellphone and more about “making sure all of the cellphone carriers are equipped properly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, this is more directed at Verizon or AT&T than it is at you personally — testing whether those carriers will indeed be able to alert your cellphone in the event of a real disaster, whether it’s happening on a local or national scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"disasterscenario\">\u003c/a>Why would I potentially receive this kind of alert for real?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As unsettling as it can feel to imagine the scenarios in which you’d be seeing and hearing this kind of emergency message for real, these alerts are a key way of letting the public know what they need to do in the event of a disaster, said Rudman. And the list of potential disaster events, “as we’re finding out in an age where we have changing weather, and wildfires and other things are concerned, is kind of endless,” said Rudman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Another reason these alerts are crucial: If a disaster is really unfolding, an emergency alert message won’t just tell you it’s happening. Instead it should tell you what you need to \u003cem>do\u003c/em> to be safe, said Rudman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There may be a shelter in place order; there may be an immediate evacuation order; there may be an order to boil water because the water isn’t safe there, or a smoke cloud or a toxic gas cloud is coming,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These alerts are also meant to get residents to take the threat seriously, and heed the warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Human nature is such that it takes a little bit of reinforcement to get us motivated to stop what we’re doing,” said Rudman. When something really bad happens, he said, many people go into a state of denial about the scale of the disaster, and that this is really happening to them. These alerts are intended to “help break through that, and get people to take actions that help protect themselves,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a disaster situation — for example, a fast-moving wildfire, a flood or storm, a tsunami or a terrorist attack — these emergency alerts on radio, television and cellphones would only be one part of a wider mix of alerting systems, said Rudman. For example, during wildfires in Northern California law enforcement have gone door-to-door to evacuate residents, or broadcast safety messages from the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840047/during-a-disaster-your-phone-might-stop-working-how-can-you-communicate\">Cellphone service itself can also be severely disrupted during a disaster\u003c/a>, as we’ve seen with recent wildfires in the wider Bay Area. In the event of a major emergency, local emergency managers “should use all the tools in their toolkit with the hopes that as many people as possible will get warnings,” said Rudman.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wait, my phone didn’t get the emergency alert. What happened?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Remember that the emergency test to your cellphone is scheduled to \u003cem>begin\u003c/em> around 11:20 a.m. on Wednesday morning, and it could take half an hour for the alert to come through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, said Rudman, “sometimes tests don’t always go well, and we uncover problems.” So if you don’t received the emergency alert test on Wednesday morning at all, he advises you let your cellphone carrier know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>An earlier version of this story was published on Oct. 3 \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Why the Future of San José's Flea Market Could Be an Abandoned Landfill",
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"content": "\u003cp>Lilia Gaspar moved into her house next to the Singleton Road landfill in San José when she was 6 years old in the early 1970s. Her parents were farmworkers – her father came to California through the Bracero Program in 1951. She still remembers how the block looked during her youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the city dump and the recycling center right behind us,” Gaspar said. “Cherry orchards were over here, where Lantern Way is, that used to be all cherry orchards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residential and commercial developments gobbled up most centrally located parcels in Silicon Valley, but the 90-acre landfill on Singleton Road has sat virtually untouched since it closed in the late 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, Gaspar has watched the high flames from the landfill’s methane stacks burn in the night sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the drying brush along Singleton Road could become a veritable field of dreams for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11957907/this-is-our-city-san-joses-berryessa-flea-market-vendors-fight-to-stay\">vendors at the legendary San José Berryessa Flea Market\u003c/a>. The market, known as La Pulga, is set to close in the coming years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City officials acknowledge the challenges of turning a landfill into a landmark, but they see Singleton Road as uniquely suited for a sprawling bazaar \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11916729/my-roots-are-at-the-flea-market-as-la-pulga-closure-looms-over-vendors-one-san-jose-family-weighs-the-future\">housing hundreds of small businesses\u003c/a> that are in need of a new place to sell their goods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is probably the only site that I know of right now in San José where we could keep everybody together,” said Nanci Klein, the city’s director of Economic Development & Cultural Affairs, at a meeting of flea market vendors in June. “But it’s far from a given.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11879717/san-jose-approves-plan-to-radically-transform-flea-market-site\">deal to redevelop the current market site on Berryessa Road\u003c/a>, the owners of the flea market and the city are putting $7.5 million into a fund aimed at helping vendors when the market closes, which could come as soon as 2025.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Dr. Gabriel Filippelli, executive director, Indiana University Environmental Resilience Institute\"]‘You always have to remember that you are sitting on a pile of material that has a potential to release toxins. So, you have to keep monitoring it, you have to keep checking it …’[/pullquote]The goal is to mitigate the effects of what would be a massive displacement of at least 460 small businesses. By comparison, the Westfield mall in San Francisco housed around 50 stores when its well-publicized closure was announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday evening, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11951100/san-joses-flea-market-la-pulga-has-new-vendor-group-voicing-its-future\">an advisory group of flea market vendors\u003c/a> will review an analysis of potential future market sites prepared by a city consultant. The firm identified eight future sites and designated five as “more viable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They include the Singleton landfill, the former Sears store at Eastridge Center, the Santa Clara County Fairgrounds and a small piece of land on the current market site. The fifth option would be to help individual vendors set up shop in vacant storefronts throughout the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the meeting’s agenda, only the Singleton Road landfill is singled out for discussion. Of the five sites, it’s also the only one owned by the city that could potentially keep the market whole in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960271\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960271\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED.jpg\" alt='A sign on a chain link fence reading \"No Illegal Dumping\" in front of a large open field.' width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A ‘No Illegal Dumping’ sign on the fencing surrounding the landfill at 850 Singleton Rd. in San José on Sept. 6, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“That’s our north star for the Vendor Association, right? Advocating and fighting for a whole relocated spot,” said Roberto Gonzalez, president of the Berryessa Flea Market Vendors Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez, a member of the advisory group, preferred casting a wide net for future sites, and not zeroing in on one replacement location too soon. But the Singleton parcel, he said, “obviously is attractive because it’s a large piece of land [and] San José doesn’t really have anything like that around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the mid-1960s until the late 1970s, the land was home to private and municipal dumps. Problems quickly piled up. \u003cem>The Mercury News\u003c/em> in San José documented resident complaints about dust control and fears about the landfill contaminating local groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city landfill on Singleton Road was cited for not properly covering refuse, having a history of fire problems and not controlling access by the public,” read an article from October 1980.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Nanci Klein, director, San José Economic Development & Cultural Affairs\"]‘There’s a heck of a lot to think about if this site could be made to be a home for the vendors.’[/pullquote]Over the ensuing decades, the land was imagined as a future golf course, a methane power plant and a recreational sports complex, none of which panned out. It sits mostly vacant now, apart from the flare stacks burning off methane — and \u003ca href=\"https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/SiteInspection/Details/349860?siteID=3391\">several roosters being raised for cockfighting that city inspectors stumbled across last year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The land still holds value: A 2008 city estimate pegged the site’s worth at up to $57 million. It sits along Capitol Expressway and is less than two miles from Highway 101. The size of the site would allow vendors to relocate together, and potentially recreate the cross-pollination of shoppers that takes place at La Pulga. By contrast, the future market space envisioned for the current flea market site (if the current owners find a willing developer) would only have room for some vendors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Retail is most successful when there is a critical mass of compatible retailers located in the same place,” consultants write in the alternative site presentation to the advisory group. “A smaller market could still succeed, but would need to offer something special or different to attract shoppers and generate sufficient revenue for vendors to make a profit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The methane releases at the Singleton site are unlikely to pose a threat to merchants and shoppers in an open-air market, said Gabriel Filippelli, executive director of the Indiana University Environmental Resilience Institute. The flaring is a method of managing the gas releases that occur as bacteria consume the materials in the landfill over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, this kind of reuse — reusing the surface of the landfill for another activity — is viable, and it’s done in a lot of other places, and it can be safe,” said Filippelli, who reviewed the city’s quarterly inspection reports for KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A top concern for developing the site, Filippelli added, is ensuring the landfill’s structural integrity in case of an earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960270\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A small structure with a large smokestack is seen from behind a chainlink fence in the center of a large field.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A methane release structure at 850 Singleton Rd. in San José on Sept. 6, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You always have to remember that you are sitting on a pile of material that has a potential to release toxins,” he said. “So, you have to keep monitoring it, you have to keep checking it, and of course, if there’s any seismic disruption or digging or trenching, you have to pay extra special care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alternative site analysis lays out additional concerns: a long public process for development, regulatory hurdles and “significant site work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a heck of a lot to think about if this site could be made to be a home for the vendors,” said Klein, with the city’s Economic Development and Cultural Affairs department, in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city will also need to convince residents near the Singleton landfill that the flea market would be a positive addition to the Seven Trees neighborhood.[aside label='More on San José' tag='san-jose']From her perch next to the landfill, Gaspar said she didn’t like the idea of La Pulga coming to the neighborhood. For one, she’s worried about the rush of customers it could bring to the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We already have enough traffic here, it’s too congested,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven Trees resident Alie Victorine also had concerns — about the traffic, noise and potential illegal parking by market customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she described the area around the landfill as ripe for attention and investment from the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the area that we are hoping to really tackle next year, to get the city to do something about it, to improve the look so that the neighbors aren’t dealing with the crime issues and the blight issues for this area,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaspar is not getting her hopes up for a transformation. In 2000, San José voters passed Measure P, a bond to fund a proposed sports complex on the Singleton landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody was excited, everybody went for it and everything,” she said. “And to this day, we’re still waiting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Lilia Gaspar moved into her house next to the Singleton Road landfill in San José when she was 6 years old in the early 1970s. Her parents were farmworkers – her father came to California through the Bracero Program in 1951. She still remembers how the block looked during her youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the city dump and the recycling center right behind us,” Gaspar said. “Cherry orchards were over here, where Lantern Way is, that used to be all cherry orchards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residential and commercial developments gobbled up most centrally located parcels in Silicon Valley, but the 90-acre landfill on Singleton Road has sat virtually untouched since it closed in the late 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, Gaspar has watched the high flames from the landfill’s methane stacks burn in the night sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the drying brush along Singleton Road could become a veritable field of dreams for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11957907/this-is-our-city-san-joses-berryessa-flea-market-vendors-fight-to-stay\">vendors at the legendary San José Berryessa Flea Market\u003c/a>. The market, known as La Pulga, is set to close in the coming years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City officials acknowledge the challenges of turning a landfill into a landmark, but they see Singleton Road as uniquely suited for a sprawling bazaar \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11916729/my-roots-are-at-the-flea-market-as-la-pulga-closure-looms-over-vendors-one-san-jose-family-weighs-the-future\">housing hundreds of small businesses\u003c/a> that are in need of a new place to sell their goods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is probably the only site that I know of right now in San José where we could keep everybody together,” said Nanci Klein, the city’s director of Economic Development & Cultural Affairs, at a meeting of flea market vendors in June. “But it’s far from a given.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11879717/san-jose-approves-plan-to-radically-transform-flea-market-site\">deal to redevelop the current market site on Berryessa Road\u003c/a>, the owners of the flea market and the city are putting $7.5 million into a fund aimed at helping vendors when the market closes, which could come as soon as 2025.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘You always have to remember that you are sitting on a pile of material that has a potential to release toxins. So, you have to keep monitoring it, you have to keep checking it …’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The goal is to mitigate the effects of what would be a massive displacement of at least 460 small businesses. By comparison, the Westfield mall in San Francisco housed around 50 stores when its well-publicized closure was announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday evening, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11951100/san-joses-flea-market-la-pulga-has-new-vendor-group-voicing-its-future\">an advisory group of flea market vendors\u003c/a> will review an analysis of potential future market sites prepared by a city consultant. The firm identified eight future sites and designated five as “more viable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They include the Singleton landfill, the former Sears store at Eastridge Center, the Santa Clara County Fairgrounds and a small piece of land on the current market site. The fifth option would be to help individual vendors set up shop in vacant storefronts throughout the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the meeting’s agenda, only the Singleton Road landfill is singled out for discussion. Of the five sites, it’s also the only one owned by the city that could potentially keep the market whole in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960271\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960271\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED.jpg\" alt='A sign on a chain link fence reading \"No Illegal Dumping\" in front of a large open field.' width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A ‘No Illegal Dumping’ sign on the fencing surrounding the landfill at 850 Singleton Rd. in San José on Sept. 6, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“That’s our north star for the Vendor Association, right? Advocating and fighting for a whole relocated spot,” said Roberto Gonzalez, president of the Berryessa Flea Market Vendors Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez, a member of the advisory group, preferred casting a wide net for future sites, and not zeroing in on one replacement location too soon. But the Singleton parcel, he said, “obviously is attractive because it’s a large piece of land [and] San José doesn’t really have anything like that around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the mid-1960s until the late 1970s, the land was home to private and municipal dumps. Problems quickly piled up. \u003cem>The Mercury News\u003c/em> in San José documented resident complaints about dust control and fears about the landfill contaminating local groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city landfill on Singleton Road was cited for not properly covering refuse, having a history of fire problems and not controlling access by the public,” read an article from October 1980.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘There’s a heck of a lot to think about if this site could be made to be a home for the vendors.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Over the ensuing decades, the land was imagined as a future golf course, a methane power plant and a recreational sports complex, none of which panned out. It sits mostly vacant now, apart from the flare stacks burning off methane — and \u003ca href=\"https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/SiteInspection/Details/349860?siteID=3391\">several roosters being raised for cockfighting that city inspectors stumbled across last year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The land still holds value: A 2008 city estimate pegged the site’s worth at up to $57 million. It sits along Capitol Expressway and is less than two miles from Highway 101. The size of the site would allow vendors to relocate together, and potentially recreate the cross-pollination of shoppers that takes place at La Pulga. By contrast, the future market space envisioned for the current flea market site (if the current owners find a willing developer) would only have room for some vendors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Retail is most successful when there is a critical mass of compatible retailers located in the same place,” consultants write in the alternative site presentation to the advisory group. “A smaller market could still succeed, but would need to offer something special or different to attract shoppers and generate sufficient revenue for vendors to make a profit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The methane releases at the Singleton site are unlikely to pose a threat to merchants and shoppers in an open-air market, said Gabriel Filippelli, executive director of the Indiana University Environmental Resilience Institute. The flaring is a method of managing the gas releases that occur as bacteria consume the materials in the landfill over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In general, this kind of reuse — reusing the surface of the landfill for another activity — is viable, and it’s done in a lot of other places, and it can be safe,” said Filippelli, who reviewed the city’s quarterly inspection reports for KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A top concern for developing the site, Filippelli added, is ensuring the landfill’s structural integrity in case of an earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960270\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960270\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A small structure with a large smokestack is seen from behind a chainlink fence in the center of a large field.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/230906-850-SINGLETON-RD-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A methane release structure at 850 Singleton Rd. in San José on Sept. 6, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You always have to remember that you are sitting on a pile of material that has a potential to release toxins,” he said. “So, you have to keep monitoring it, you have to keep checking it, and of course, if there’s any seismic disruption or digging or trenching, you have to pay extra special care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alternative site analysis lays out additional concerns: a long public process for development, regulatory hurdles and “significant site work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a heck of a lot to think about if this site could be made to be a home for the vendors,” said Klein, with the city’s Economic Development and Cultural Affairs department, in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city will also need to convince residents near the Singleton landfill that the flea market would be a positive addition to the Seven Trees neighborhood.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>From her perch next to the landfill, Gaspar said she didn’t like the idea of La Pulga coming to the neighborhood. For one, she’s worried about the rush of customers it could bring to the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We already have enough traffic here, it’s too congested,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven Trees resident Alie Victorine also had concerns — about the traffic, noise and potential illegal parking by market customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she described the area around the landfill as ripe for attention and investment from the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the area that we are hoping to really tackle next year, to get the city to do something about it, to improve the look so that the neighbors aren’t dealing with the crime issues and the blight issues for this area,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaspar is not getting her hopes up for a transformation. In 2000, San José voters passed Measure P, a bond to fund a proposed sports complex on the Singleton landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody was excited, everybody went for it and everything,” she said. “And to this day, we’re still waiting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "this-free-app-created-by-a-bay-area-teen-calculates-skin-health-risk-as-california-faces-heat-waves-and-wildfire-smoke",
"title": "San Francisco Teen Creates a Free App to Calculate Skin Risk Based on Location",
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"content": "\u003cp>India Poetzscher has quantified the environmental risks to the largest organ in the human body. That’s no small feat for a senior attending University High School in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 17-year-old created the \u003ca href=\"https://apps.apple.com/us/app/skinchem/id6447789991\">Skin Chem app\u003c/a>, which gives users a risk score based on their location. This number helps show how environmental conditions, such as sun exposure and air pollution, threaten skin health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people are becoming more aware about UV and how that affects your skin, but there are all these other chemicals that I don’t think they’re as aware of,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the UV index, Poetzscher wanted to highlight air pollution and other factors that affect skin health. The app includes a calculator feature that takes into account cigarette smoking, car traffic and daily sunscreen use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I decided to make an app because I feel like it’s very accessible in today’s society,” Poetzscher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has long been interested in skin care. As she learned about chemistry, she noticed certain beauty products have toxic compounds. She then began doing her own research, leading her to pursue an independent study class at school. Thus, the Skin Chem app was born. It won the 2022 Congressional App Challenge for California’s 12th District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SpeakerPelosi/status/1649174665816932352\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Divya Seth, a procedural dermatology fellow at UCSF’s Dermatologic Surgery and Laser Center, said Skin Chem is promising in how it draws on environmental data to give people a snapshot of their risk on a particular day. During her medical training, she studied how the environment affects our skin, and in doing that work, she looked for similar tools. Nothing came close to Skin Chem, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although there are some different tools out there related to other types of environmental exposures, they don’t really come together in a way that directly allows you to figure out how they impact your skin specifically,” Seth said. “I think this app is unique in that it brings together that environmental data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked about potential improvements to the app, Seth said while she sees the app as a great first step, she would like to see the technology give people actionable prompts. Right now, users get a risk score and are asked to take precautions — but the app doesn’t tell people to wear sunscreen or put on a hat. “As we think about how UV exposure leads to skin cancer, or how the particulate matter index can lead to different inflammatory skin conditions, I think having those next steps could be really important,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Poetzscher’s project initially began from an interest in personal skin care, the stakes for skin health could be getting higher as the climate crisis intensifies. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ametsoc.org/index.cfm/ams/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/explaining-extreme-events-from-a-climate-perspective/\">report by the American Meteorological Society\u003c/a> found that climate change drove unprecedented heat waves, floods and droughts in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, extreme heat has been making headlines in places like \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/01/1191238086/phoenix-ends-31-day-streak-of-highs-at-or-above-110-degrees-by-reaching-108#:~:text=Phoenix%20ends%2031%2Dday%20streak,degrees%20%E2%80%94%20by%20reaching%20108%20%3A%20NPR&text=Hourly%20News-,Phoenix%20ends%2031%2Dday%20streak%20of%20highs%20at%20or%20above,Arizona%20and%20into%20California's%20desert.\">Phoenix\u003c/a>, where record-breaking temperatures of more than 110 degrees lasted over a month. The hot weather spread into California, as well, with triple-digit temperatures seen in parts of the Bay and in the Central Valley.[aside tag=\"wildfire, technology\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]Institutions like UCSF are exploring the relationship between skin health and the climate. According to a 2021 \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2778632?guestAccessKey=8ae10d43-5a47-49a9-871f-333058452007\">UCSF study\u003c/a>, during the 2018 Camp Fire, which choked the Bay Area in wildfire smoke, health clinics in San Francisco saw an increase in the number of patient visits for eczema. The findings suggest that short-term exposure to hazardous air can be damaging to skin health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Seth, other U.S. research has shown that as pollutants or exposure to different factories in your area increases, there’s an increased risk of different inflammatory skin conditions. Lately, she has been looking into neighborhood disparities. Where you live may determine your propensity to certain skin conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thing that I think is powerful about this app is looking at those hyperlocal conditions and understanding how those can change just based on built environment factors,” said Sadie Wilson, senior resilience manager at Greenbelt Alliance, a Bay Area nonprofit climate advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This hyperlocal attention — seen in the location-based approach of the Skin Chem app — is key to combating the larger threats emerging from the climate crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we think about climate change, usually in global emissions, all of them are adding up to have these huge shifts in our climate, we don’t often talk about how that results in really local conditions,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This local focus is showing up in the Greenbelt Alliance’s work with the summer launch of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.greenbelt.org/hotspots/\">Resilience Hotspots Initiative\u003c/a>, which identifies several climate-vulnerable communities — North Richmond shoreline, Suisun City, Newark, southwest Santa Rosa and Gilroy — and how they could benefit from nature-based solutions, or using the natural environment as resilience solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not just understanding a tree for its aesthetic purposes, but really understanding how that plays a role in stormwater capture and heat reduction in air purification,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative’s work in Gilroy and Santa Rosa is geared toward partnerships with local organizations to help respond to heat and wildfire risks while keeping equity in mind. In parts of Santa Rosa and other agriculture-based communities, predominantly Latino farmworker communities face the brunt of working outside in extreme heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson said education is a big part of the gap that needs to be filled to help communities of color especially become resilient to climate impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Organizing and getting involved locally are some of the best ways to make change,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Poetzscher, who is part of a new climate-conscious generation, it’s the spirit of outreach that could promote hope in the face of our planet’s biggest crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I learned so much during this project,” she said. “There’s still a lot of work to be done in terms of spreading awareness about this issue. But I think it’s better than before and it’s improving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Brian Watt interviewed India Poetzscher. Listen to the audio \u003ca href=\"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/a717d537-56e0-46c2-842c-b06d0111e106/audio.mp3\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>India Poetzscher has quantified the environmental risks to the largest organ in the human body. That’s no small feat for a senior attending University High School in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 17-year-old created the \u003ca href=\"https://apps.apple.com/us/app/skinchem/id6447789991\">Skin Chem app\u003c/a>, which gives users a risk score based on their location. This number helps show how environmental conditions, such as sun exposure and air pollution, threaten skin health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people are becoming more aware about UV and how that affects your skin, but there are all these other chemicals that I don’t think they’re as aware of,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the UV index, Poetzscher wanted to highlight air pollution and other factors that affect skin health. The app includes a calculator feature that takes into account cigarette smoking, car traffic and daily sunscreen use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I decided to make an app because I feel like it’s very accessible in today’s society,” Poetzscher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has long been interested in skin care. As she learned about chemistry, she noticed certain beauty products have toxic compounds. She then began doing her own research, leading her to pursue an independent study class at school. Thus, the Skin Chem app was born. It won the 2022 Congressional App Challenge for California’s 12th District.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Dr. Divya Seth, a procedural dermatology fellow at UCSF’s Dermatologic Surgery and Laser Center, said Skin Chem is promising in how it draws on environmental data to give people a snapshot of their risk on a particular day. During her medical training, she studied how the environment affects our skin, and in doing that work, she looked for similar tools. Nothing came close to Skin Chem, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although there are some different tools out there related to other types of environmental exposures, they don’t really come together in a way that directly allows you to figure out how they impact your skin specifically,” Seth said. “I think this app is unique in that it brings together that environmental data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked about potential improvements to the app, Seth said while she sees the app as a great first step, she would like to see the technology give people actionable prompts. Right now, users get a risk score and are asked to take precautions — but the app doesn’t tell people to wear sunscreen or put on a hat. “As we think about how UV exposure leads to skin cancer, or how the particulate matter index can lead to different inflammatory skin conditions, I think having those next steps could be really important,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Poetzscher’s project initially began from an interest in personal skin care, the stakes for skin health could be getting higher as the climate crisis intensifies. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ametsoc.org/index.cfm/ams/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/explaining-extreme-events-from-a-climate-perspective/\">report by the American Meteorological Society\u003c/a> found that climate change drove unprecedented heat waves, floods and droughts in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, extreme heat has been making headlines in places like \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/01/1191238086/phoenix-ends-31-day-streak-of-highs-at-or-above-110-degrees-by-reaching-108#:~:text=Phoenix%20ends%2031%2Dday%20streak,degrees%20%E2%80%94%20by%20reaching%20108%20%3A%20NPR&text=Hourly%20News-,Phoenix%20ends%2031%2Dday%20streak%20of%20highs%20at%20or%20above,Arizona%20and%20into%20California's%20desert.\">Phoenix\u003c/a>, where record-breaking temperatures of more than 110 degrees lasted over a month. The hot weather spread into California, as well, with triple-digit temperatures seen in parts of the Bay and in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Institutions like UCSF are exploring the relationship between skin health and the climate. According to a 2021 \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2778632?guestAccessKey=8ae10d43-5a47-49a9-871f-333058452007\">UCSF study\u003c/a>, during the 2018 Camp Fire, which choked the Bay Area in wildfire smoke, health clinics in San Francisco saw an increase in the number of patient visits for eczema. The findings suggest that short-term exposure to hazardous air can be damaging to skin health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Seth, other U.S. research has shown that as pollutants or exposure to different factories in your area increases, there’s an increased risk of different inflammatory skin conditions. Lately, she has been looking into neighborhood disparities. Where you live may determine your propensity to certain skin conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thing that I think is powerful about this app is looking at those hyperlocal conditions and understanding how those can change just based on built environment factors,” said Sadie Wilson, senior resilience manager at Greenbelt Alliance, a Bay Area nonprofit climate advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This hyperlocal attention — seen in the location-based approach of the Skin Chem app — is key to combating the larger threats emerging from the climate crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we think about climate change, usually in global emissions, all of them are adding up to have these huge shifts in our climate, we don’t often talk about how that results in really local conditions,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This local focus is showing up in the Greenbelt Alliance’s work with the summer launch of its \u003ca href=\"https://www.greenbelt.org/hotspots/\">Resilience Hotspots Initiative\u003c/a>, which identifies several climate-vulnerable communities — North Richmond shoreline, Suisun City, Newark, southwest Santa Rosa and Gilroy — and how they could benefit from nature-based solutions, or using the natural environment as resilience solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not just understanding a tree for its aesthetic purposes, but really understanding how that plays a role in stormwater capture and heat reduction in air purification,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative’s work in Gilroy and Santa Rosa is geared toward partnerships with local organizations to help respond to heat and wildfire risks while keeping equity in mind. In parts of Santa Rosa and other agriculture-based communities, predominantly Latino farmworker communities face the brunt of working outside in extreme heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson said education is a big part of the gap that needs to be filled to help communities of color especially become resilient to climate impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Organizing and getting involved locally are some of the best ways to make change,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Poetzscher, who is part of a new climate-conscious generation, it’s the spirit of outreach that could promote hope in the face of our planet’s biggest crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I learned so much during this project,” she said. “There’s still a lot of work to be done in terms of spreading awareness about this issue. But I think it’s better than before and it’s improving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Brian Watt interviewed India Poetzscher. Listen to the audio \u003ca href=\"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/a717d537-56e0-46c2-842c-b06d0111e106/audio.mp3\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Elected officials in Solano County will meet this week with a group of Silicon Valley billionaires who want to construct a new city on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11957208/near-1-billion-land-purchase-around-california-air-base-under-investigation\">nearly $1 billion worth of land they secretly purchased\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last five years, Flannery Associates has purchased $800 million worth of land just outside of Travis Air Force Base. After the land was bought for much more than its present value, government officials started investigating the group due to homeland security concerns with the location next to a military base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/25/business/land-purchases-solano-county.html?unlocked_article_code=lqPwMvckq8b2_rCBT3bCfqEBKHLRVLY1VceXY7F2eu_6gXn3srltmqkIDjuqfsIjsesKJTwxkRIMcYS93koSdXA7j9b-qkDPbOXgJq3-xayu_yOTctxF94n10TNymak_LDE-wxcHhKzHOWqhHauUR6DZXbVh4tDQPkv1YNkkrxuWRJxILgye0sQWYhBqdV6qlyVZTPU0UX9IAh0xh5_if3A_AqEdG0jXafrwMIpGCwz8jj3y0BM4waeBknRWEy9ZXtiXjXPH3OYDByTK9Feqgtv9FPYTfjWe4JztlkAt4iPg-CMWBxztH13SEZr5-7v34eCQyOBPw6XE21C3G9q0Sed6lnthR3w&smid=url-share\">The New York Times recently revealed\u003c/a> that, rather than a foreign adversary, Silicon Valley tech giants have been buying up the agricultural land — in hopes of starting a city from scratch. According to the Times, those backing Flannery Associates include Laurene Powell Jobs, entrepreneur and founder of Emerson Collective, venture capitalist Michael Moritz, Reid Hoffman, co-founder of LinkedIn and Marc Andreessen and Chris Dixon, investors at the Andreessen Horowitz venture capital firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revelation has not soothed the concerns of local officials and existing community members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were concerned it might be the Chinese. Well, we’re still concerned. A bunch of wealthy Silicon Valley billionaires putting together an initiative that suits their purpose may be a very serious threat to Travis Air Force Base and our national security,” U.S. Rep. John Garamendi, who represents Solano County, told KQED. “Flannery Associates have proven themselves to be terrible bad actors, using strong-arm techniques that you might find in the mafia, forcing people to sell their land even though they did not want to, and engaging in practices that are just despicable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from Flannery will meet with elected officials, starting this week, to discuss their ambitious plans to build a new city in an area that’s about halfway between San Francisco and Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We care deeply about the future of Solano County and California and believe their best days are ahead. We are proud to partner on a project that aims to deliver access to good-paying jobs, affordable housing, clean energy, sustainable infrastructure, open space and a healthy environment to residents of Solano County,” Brian Brokaw, a Flannery spokesperson, said in a text message to KQED. “We are excited to start working with residents and elected officials, as well as with Travis Air Force Base, on making that happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before investors were revealed, Flannery sent out a poll to local residents asking about building the new city between Fairfield and Rio Vista.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll, obtained by KQED, suggested that Flannery Associates could try for a ballot measure as soon as next year to begin approving development plans, which are still very unclear.[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Mayor Ron Kott, City of Rio Vista\"]‘Flannery has never contacted anybody in Rio Vista, nobody in the city government. Not a word. And we’re surrounded by it. So whatever decisions they make, it affects our city directly, both good and bad.’[/pullquote]A representative from Flannery told KQED that the company is looking to launch a voter initiative to change zoning laws on the land, predominantly used for agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to building housing in the area, the company is interested in agricultural investments in the long- and short-term, correspondence from 2018 and 2019 between Flannery and Solano County’s Department of Resource Management shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news has brought much confusion and concern for local leaders, like Rio Vista Mayor Ron Kott.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He acknowledged some opportunities that rezoning the area could bring, including an influx of property taxes and investment in renewable energies like solar or wind farms. But the covert nature of the operation has perplexed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flannery has never contacted anybody in Rio Vista, nobody in the city government. Not a word,” he said. “And we’re surrounded by it. So whatever decisions they make, it affects our city directly, both good and bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Rep. Mike Thompson represents parts of Sonoma and Solano, along with Napa and Lake counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they have a proposal or a plan to develop the properties that they purchased or plan to purchase, they’re going to need to work with the local community,” Thompson told KQED. “They’re going to have to be part of the community and they’re going to have to treat the local community with respect and work with them, not work against them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plans for the unnamed city have been in discussion as far back as 2017, when billionaire investor Michael Moritz wrote to potential investors about the chance to get in on the creation of an entirely new California community, \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> first reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flannery was then developed by former Goldman Sachs trader Jan Sramek, according to a pitch deck for the project that Moritz circulated, which outlined ideas such as a community built off the clean energy economy, robust public transportation and urban life.[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Rep. John Garamendi (D-Calif.)\"]‘Never in all my years have I ever heard of somebody suing a group of farmers to try to force them to sell their land.’[/pullquote]Since then, Flannery has purchased nearly 140 properties, many of which were bought higher than their present value, totaling nearly $1 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Flannery representatives would not say who they have been in discussions with in terms of actual city planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to pose some serious water issues and it’s going to cause some serious transportation issues, because our transportation system right now is already strained,” Kott said. “Their land purchases have pretty much surrounded the city of Rio Vista, including some parcels within the city limits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flannery’s land grab came under the microscope earlier this year when the company filed a lawsuit alleging local farmers were inflating land prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit states that the company bought about 140 parcels of land from 400 landowners. Flannery accused a group of landowners, who held off on selling, of price fixing and violating anti-trust in order to collectively raise their prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the landowners have reached a settlement with Flannery, while others have motioned to dismiss the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are five-, six-generation family farmers in the area. Some refused to sell. So Flannery filed a lawsuit against seven family farmers, claiming that they were engaged in an illegal constraint of trade to raise the prices,” Garamendi said. “Never in all my years have I ever heard of somebody suing a group of farmers to try to force them to sell their land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED reporters Billy Cruz, Annelise Finney and Dan Brekke contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Elected officials in Solano County will meet this week with a group of Silicon Valley billionaires who want to construct a new city on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11957208/near-1-billion-land-purchase-around-california-air-base-under-investigation\">nearly $1 billion worth of land they secretly purchased\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last five years, Flannery Associates has purchased $800 million worth of land just outside of Travis Air Force Base. After the land was bought for much more than its present value, government officials started investigating the group due to homeland security concerns with the location next to a military base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/25/business/land-purchases-solano-county.html?unlocked_article_code=lqPwMvckq8b2_rCBT3bCfqEBKHLRVLY1VceXY7F2eu_6gXn3srltmqkIDjuqfsIjsesKJTwxkRIMcYS93koSdXA7j9b-qkDPbOXgJq3-xayu_yOTctxF94n10TNymak_LDE-wxcHhKzHOWqhHauUR6DZXbVh4tDQPkv1YNkkrxuWRJxILgye0sQWYhBqdV6qlyVZTPU0UX9IAh0xh5_if3A_AqEdG0jXafrwMIpGCwz8jj3y0BM4waeBknRWEy9ZXtiXjXPH3OYDByTK9Feqgtv9FPYTfjWe4JztlkAt4iPg-CMWBxztH13SEZr5-7v34eCQyOBPw6XE21C3G9q0Sed6lnthR3w&smid=url-share\">The New York Times recently revealed\u003c/a> that, rather than a foreign adversary, Silicon Valley tech giants have been buying up the agricultural land — in hopes of starting a city from scratch. According to the Times, those backing Flannery Associates include Laurene Powell Jobs, entrepreneur and founder of Emerson Collective, venture capitalist Michael Moritz, Reid Hoffman, co-founder of LinkedIn and Marc Andreessen and Chris Dixon, investors at the Andreessen Horowitz venture capital firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revelation has not soothed the concerns of local officials and existing community members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were concerned it might be the Chinese. Well, we’re still concerned. A bunch of wealthy Silicon Valley billionaires putting together an initiative that suits their purpose may be a very serious threat to Travis Air Force Base and our national security,” U.S. Rep. John Garamendi, who represents Solano County, told KQED. “Flannery Associates have proven themselves to be terrible bad actors, using strong-arm techniques that you might find in the mafia, forcing people to sell their land even though they did not want to, and engaging in practices that are just despicable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from Flannery will meet with elected officials, starting this week, to discuss their ambitious plans to build a new city in an area that’s about halfway between San Francisco and Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We care deeply about the future of Solano County and California and believe their best days are ahead. We are proud to partner on a project that aims to deliver access to good-paying jobs, affordable housing, clean energy, sustainable infrastructure, open space and a healthy environment to residents of Solano County,” Brian Brokaw, a Flannery spokesperson, said in a text message to KQED. “We are excited to start working with residents and elected officials, as well as with Travis Air Force Base, on making that happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before investors were revealed, Flannery sent out a poll to local residents asking about building the new city between Fairfield and Rio Vista.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll, obtained by KQED, suggested that Flannery Associates could try for a ballot measure as soon as next year to begin approving development plans, which are still very unclear.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A representative from Flannery told KQED that the company is looking to launch a voter initiative to change zoning laws on the land, predominantly used for agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to building housing in the area, the company is interested in agricultural investments in the long- and short-term, correspondence from 2018 and 2019 between Flannery and Solano County’s Department of Resource Management shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news has brought much confusion and concern for local leaders, like Rio Vista Mayor Ron Kott.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He acknowledged some opportunities that rezoning the area could bring, including an influx of property taxes and investment in renewable energies like solar or wind farms. But the covert nature of the operation has perplexed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flannery has never contacted anybody in Rio Vista, nobody in the city government. Not a word,” he said. “And we’re surrounded by it. So whatever decisions they make, it affects our city directly, both good and bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Rep. Mike Thompson represents parts of Sonoma and Solano, along with Napa and Lake counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they have a proposal or a plan to develop the properties that they purchased or plan to purchase, they’re going to need to work with the local community,” Thompson told KQED. “They’re going to have to be part of the community and they’re going to have to treat the local community with respect and work with them, not work against them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plans for the unnamed city have been in discussion as far back as 2017, when billionaire investor Michael Moritz wrote to potential investors about the chance to get in on the creation of an entirely new California community, \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> first reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flannery was then developed by former Goldman Sachs trader Jan Sramek, according to a pitch deck for the project that Moritz circulated, which outlined ideas such as a community built off the clean energy economy, robust public transportation and urban life.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Since then, Flannery has purchased nearly 140 properties, many of which were bought higher than their present value, totaling nearly $1 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Flannery representatives would not say who they have been in discussions with in terms of actual city planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to pose some serious water issues and it’s going to cause some serious transportation issues, because our transportation system right now is already strained,” Kott said. “Their land purchases have pretty much surrounded the city of Rio Vista, including some parcels within the city limits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flannery’s land grab came under the microscope earlier this year when the company filed a lawsuit alleging local farmers were inflating land prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit states that the company bought about 140 parcels of land from 400 landowners. Flannery accused a group of landowners, who held off on selling, of price fixing and violating anti-trust in order to collectively raise their prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the landowners have reached a settlement with Flannery, while others have motioned to dismiss the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are five-, six-generation family farmers in the area. Some refused to sell. So Flannery filed a lawsuit against seven family farmers, claiming that they were engaged in an illegal constraint of trade to raise the prices,” Garamendi said. “Never in all my years have I ever heard of somebody suing a group of farmers to try to force them to sell their land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hollywood is no stranger to changes brought on by technology. But KQED’s Rachael Myrow says that for writers and actors currently on strike, this moment is existential — thanks in no small part to Silicon Valley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many KQED staffers are also members of SAG-AFTRA, but journalists have a different contract from Hollywood actors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC9846389333\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to The Bay. Local news to keep you r ooted. Writers in Hollywood have been on strike since May, demanding better wages and working conditions. And last month, thousands of actors joined them. This standoff between the Writers Guild of America, the Screen Actors Guild and the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers is likely to drag on for a while. And behind these calls for improved working conditions is an entire business model changed in large part by none other than Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>The entire business model has been changed by streaming digital air. This is a moment of history. That is a moment of truth. If we don’t stand tall right now, we are all going to be in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Hollywood is no stranger to big changes brought on by technology. But for writers and actors on strike right now, this moment is existential. Today, how Silicon Valley changed Hollywood and why this strike has everything to do with big tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, my first question, Rachel, I understand you actually come from a Hollywood family. So am I in the presence of Hollywood royalty right now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>I wouldn’t call it royalty, but I come from a long line of composers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Rachael Myrow is senior editor of KQED’s Silicon Valley Desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>MUSIC: \u003c/strong>[“You Make Me Feel So Young” by Frank Sinatra]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Both my father and grandfather worked in Hollywood. My grandfather worked for 20th Century Fox in the studio system during the 1940s and fifties. He’s probably best known today for two songs. “You Make Me Feel So Young” and “Autumn Nocturne.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>MUSIC: \u003c/strong>[continues]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>You know, you make me feel so young was was part of a sort of a boiler plate musical of the kind that Hollywood used to churn out back then and would probably have been buried in that movie, except for the fact that a number of years later, Frank Sinatra decided to do a cover. Oh, my gosh. I don’t know. That’s that sounds like royalty to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>MUSIC: \u003c/strong>[continues]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra:: \u003c/strong>Well, I guess what did you come to learn about how Hollywood works from like this point of view or this perspective?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>There’s always been this war dance, if you will, between labor and the production companies. New technologies always been new technologies, disrupting things. And there’s always been this sort of gap between the experimental phase of a new technology being rolled out and that moment when the unions catch on and demand a piece of the action for their members in the next contract talks. So whether you’re talking about the shift to television or videotape rentals, remember those or foreign residuals? You know, there’s a little lag and then the unions catch up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>You know, we’re talking about the strike. All these actors, producers, writers demanding higher wages and better protections. But what is that? What does any of that have to do with big tech and Silicon Valley?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>This wouldn’t be the first time Big Tech has essentially gone up against Big Labor in California, Right? These are very well-established unions. The Writers Guild of America, SAG-AFTRA. The gig economy has disrupted all sorts of labor markets. Right. And in really stark terms, because the shift to part time work with minimal employer provided benefits has taken money out of the pockets of rank and file workers and shifted it to the pockets of executives and investors. And again, in Hollywood, you know, the executives have always looked out for themselves, for sure. But what’s happening now is that these companies don’t mind sharing the wealth with the top 1%, the superstars, the the showrunners. But everybody else appears to be treated as expendable in much the same way that you see very carefully delineated stratification of the labor market in Silicon Valley. So, you know, Hollywood was already gig ified by the time Silicon Valley arrived. But Silicon Valley has perfected the business model in a very kind of dark and foreboding way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And that is in big part because of the fact that streaming has really sort of changed the game. Right. You talk about the role of streaming in all this and Netflix sort of changing the landscape for many of these these folks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Netflix introduced the concept of streaming. Netflix has also changed the name of the game in terms of transparency or lack thereof. You know, it was always hard to know exactly what was happening under the hood, financially speaking, with a show that you’re involved in producing. But Netflix tells you nothing. Even if you were the one making this the show and people who have been very successful on these programs report that they’re not making the kind of money you would think you would make if you were involved with a hit. My God, I’m going to be so rich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>News Anchor \u003c/strong>That was Kimiko Glenn, who played Brooks Soso on Netflix’s Orange is the New Black. She earned just $27 on that residual check. You saw it there. Her frustration being echoed by many of her costars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Which makes you ask the question, who knows how much Orange is the New Black is actually making, and who stands in for the actors inside Netflix arguing for them to get a fair amount of money?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>News Anchor \u003c/strong>Leah DeLaria telling The New Yorker, I got $20. I would love to know how much money did Ted Sarandos make last year? Well, here’s the answer. Sarandos, who’s the CEO of Netflix. According to the company’s financial statements last year, he received $20 million in base salary, more than $50 million, if you include the stock and the options…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Protesters \u003c/strong>[chanting]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>The people I talked to on the picket lines outside of Netflix headquarters in Los Gatos. These people, Ericka, they can connect the dots. They watched what happened to gig workers in other industries. They saw what happened to musicians. My grandfather made a comfortable living on contract with 20th Century Fox, now owned by Disney. My father, on the other hand, died young, in large part from the stress of the ups and downs of working as an independent, a creative gig worker before we knew what that meant. But then you get to someone like Rajiv Shah, right? He’s from Los Gatos. He’s a member of SAG-AFTRA, the Screen Actors Guild slash American Federation of Television and Radio Artists for more than 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rajiv Shah: \u003c/strong>This is full time for me. So, I mean, I do a lot of work in L.A. and here I’m also a writer, so I do a lot of work with that. And we actually have a production company that does a lot of work for, you know, small businesses and things like that. So it’s all creative. You know, what I’ve been doing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>And like many creatives, he’s a hyphenate. He’s working a diversified portfolio of gigs. And I think I mentioned he’s from Los Gatos, right? He gets the tech has eaten Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rajiv Shah: \u003c/strong>But I think what everybody understands is this is setting a precedent for what’s going to come in the future because, you know, tech is only going to grow. You know, streaming is only going to grow. So all we’re asking is that we grow with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>You know, But this is Labor’s moment, right? Maybe the last opportunity it has to fight for a share of the pie that allows people like Shah to survive economically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I mean, Rachael, big tech has also been notoriously anti-union, right? I mean, just sort of thinking about how Uber and Lyft, for example, have been some of the biggest champions of gig work as opposed to full time work with benefits. How does that play into this? Like has. Have you seen this sort of anti-union, I guess, energy trickling down into Hollywood?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>The companies coming from tech. They don’t have this history of hashing things out every few years with the writers, the directors and the actors. Many of them are not union in the slightest, not even a portion of their employee base. It’s a different ballgame. We’ve seen Hollywood executives say some pretty dark things about willing to watch the writers and the actors bleed. You lose their homes. And, you know, it’s not that the companies aren’t at risk of losing a lot of money, but a lot of their entertainment services are are kind of loss leaders, to borrow a phrase from retail. If you’re Amazon, it doesn’t matter if prime, you know, at least the entertainment part of prime makes money. The whole point is to give people a reason to sign up for prime. Right. To to have the diapers delivered to your doorstep and to keep you engaged with Prime to continue re-upping every year. So that’s what Prime video is there for if you’re Apple. You don’t need to make money from Apple TV, right? This it’s just one unit. And in truth, you could say, well, yeah, those other media behemoths, they’re also made up of multiple units, many of which they talk about selling to each other. So so there’s some of that. But the big media companies, they have to succeed in entertainment versus for tech companies. I don’t think they have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>There’s so much talk now about A.I. in big tech. How do you think that might further reshape the landscape of Hollywood?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>This is the question on everybody’s lips, and there’s a lot that really nobody really knows yet. You’ve probably noticed the companies are busy hiring specialists just to figure out what’s possible. Right. And what kind of intellectual property rights are protectable because nobody owns as much creative content as these companies. Right. But already it doesn’t take a software engineer to see that visual special effects people are in big trouble and actors are in big trouble. I don’t know if you saw the latest Indiana Jones movie. There’s a big chunk at the beginning, which is starring a fairly believable younger version of Harrison Ford, but that’s Harrison Ford. So he gets to make bank off that project, right? $25 million. Now, imagine that you’re an extra or the kind of actor who makes a little money here and there for big roles. People might recognize your face or the kind of character you usually play. There are legions of people like this in Hollywood and really all over the world, because there are all sorts of film sets all over the world. Right, including the Bay Area today. Nothing protects these actors from having their likeness recorded on the one or two days. They’re brought on to a set and then used for perpetuity. They’re never going to get called back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Harley Ford: \u003c/strong>There’s places for A.I., but let us do the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>So actors like. One woman I met outside of Netflix in Los Gatos, Harley Ford, she can see the writing on the wall. She knows where this is going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Harley Ford: \u003c/strong>We’re the ones that, you know, have felt those emotions. And how can a robot put a tear behind something that doesn’t know what a real feeling is? It doesn’t know love. It doesn’t know respect or kindness. It doesn’t know fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Harley understands something that I think if you can appreciate that spark of creativity, the way that that only a human can speak to the emotions within us, like some some computer driven retread just can’t. Get to that. Looking ahead here, where does the, I guess, strike stand now? Are the actors and writers any closer to reaching a deal? At this moment, it’s just the writers back at the bargaining table. But I. I can’t read the tea leaves on this one because for one thing, we’re not getting a lot of public information about what they’re talking about. But also, I think that all three core issues for the writers especially are existential, right? Who gets paid and how? Who works and how much and who gets a say in how generative AI is used. And I should say it’s existential for the actors, too. I just think this is this is a moment, perhaps the last moment when when these two unions have the strategic capacity to drive the conversation. I go back to the idea, Erica, that Silicon Valley has eaten Hollywood, eaten the production model, eaten the economic model, and, you know, seems to be well on its way to eating the creative model. We might not see so many picket lines up here in the San Francisco Bay Area. But I’ll tell you, when you see those actors and writers yelling into the cameras on social media, they are yelling at us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Rachel, thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was Rachael Myrow, senior editor of the Silicon Valley desk for KQED. Many KQED staffers are members of SAG-AFTRA. But broadcast journalists have a different contract than the Hollywood actors. This 40-minute conversation with Rachel was cut down and edited by senior editor Alan Montecillo. Producer Maria Esquinca scored this episode and added all the tape. If you liked this episode or learn something, tell someone about it. I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, thanks for listening to The Bay. Talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hollywood is no stranger to changes brought on by technology. But KQED’s Rachael Myrow says that for writers and actors currently on strike, this moment is existential — thanks in no small part to Silicon Valley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many KQED staffers are also members of SAG-AFTRA, but journalists have a different contract from Hollywood actors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC9846389333\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to The Bay. Local news to keep you r ooted. Writers in Hollywood have been on strike since May, demanding better wages and working conditions. And last month, thousands of actors joined them. This standoff between the Writers Guild of America, the Screen Actors Guild and the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers is likely to drag on for a while. And behind these calls for improved working conditions is an entire business model changed in large part by none other than Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>The entire business model has been changed by streaming digital air. This is a moment of history. That is a moment of truth. If we don’t stand tall right now, we are all going to be in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Hollywood is no stranger to big changes brought on by technology. But for writers and actors on strike right now, this moment is existential. Today, how Silicon Valley changed Hollywood and why this strike has everything to do with big tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, my first question, Rachel, I understand you actually come from a Hollywood family. So am I in the presence of Hollywood royalty right now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>I wouldn’t call it royalty, but I come from a long line of composers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Rachael Myrow is senior editor of KQED’s Silicon Valley Desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>MUSIC: \u003c/strong>[“You Make Me Feel So Young” by Frank Sinatra]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Both my father and grandfather worked in Hollywood. My grandfather worked for 20th Century Fox in the studio system during the 1940s and fifties. He’s probably best known today for two songs. “You Make Me Feel So Young” and “Autumn Nocturne.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>MUSIC: \u003c/strong>[continues]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>You know, you make me feel so young was was part of a sort of a boiler plate musical of the kind that Hollywood used to churn out back then and would probably have been buried in that movie, except for the fact that a number of years later, Frank Sinatra decided to do a cover. Oh, my gosh. I don’t know. That’s that sounds like royalty to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>MUSIC: \u003c/strong>[continues]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra:: \u003c/strong>Well, I guess what did you come to learn about how Hollywood works from like this point of view or this perspective?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>There’s always been this war dance, if you will, between labor and the production companies. New technologies always been new technologies, disrupting things. And there’s always been this sort of gap between the experimental phase of a new technology being rolled out and that moment when the unions catch on and demand a piece of the action for their members in the next contract talks. So whether you’re talking about the shift to television or videotape rentals, remember those or foreign residuals? You know, there’s a little lag and then the unions catch up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>You know, we’re talking about the strike. All these actors, producers, writers demanding higher wages and better protections. But what is that? What does any of that have to do with big tech and Silicon Valley?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>This wouldn’t be the first time Big Tech has essentially gone up against Big Labor in California, Right? These are very well-established unions. The Writers Guild of America, SAG-AFTRA. The gig economy has disrupted all sorts of labor markets. Right. And in really stark terms, because the shift to part time work with minimal employer provided benefits has taken money out of the pockets of rank and file workers and shifted it to the pockets of executives and investors. And again, in Hollywood, you know, the executives have always looked out for themselves, for sure. But what’s happening now is that these companies don’t mind sharing the wealth with the top 1%, the superstars, the the showrunners. But everybody else appears to be treated as expendable in much the same way that you see very carefully delineated stratification of the labor market in Silicon Valley. So, you know, Hollywood was already gig ified by the time Silicon Valley arrived. But Silicon Valley has perfected the business model in a very kind of dark and foreboding way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And that is in big part because of the fact that streaming has really sort of changed the game. Right. You talk about the role of streaming in all this and Netflix sort of changing the landscape for many of these these folks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Netflix introduced the concept of streaming. Netflix has also changed the name of the game in terms of transparency or lack thereof. You know, it was always hard to know exactly what was happening under the hood, financially speaking, with a show that you’re involved in producing. But Netflix tells you nothing. Even if you were the one making this the show and people who have been very successful on these programs report that they’re not making the kind of money you would think you would make if you were involved with a hit. My God, I’m going to be so rich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>News Anchor \u003c/strong>That was Kimiko Glenn, who played Brooks Soso on Netflix’s Orange is the New Black. She earned just $27 on that residual check. You saw it there. Her frustration being echoed by many of her costars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Which makes you ask the question, who knows how much Orange is the New Black is actually making, and who stands in for the actors inside Netflix arguing for them to get a fair amount of money?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>News Anchor \u003c/strong>Leah DeLaria telling The New Yorker, I got $20. I would love to know how much money did Ted Sarandos make last year? Well, here’s the answer. Sarandos, who’s the CEO of Netflix. According to the company’s financial statements last year, he received $20 million in base salary, more than $50 million, if you include the stock and the options…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Protesters \u003c/strong>[chanting]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>The people I talked to on the picket lines outside of Netflix headquarters in Los Gatos. These people, Ericka, they can connect the dots. They watched what happened to gig workers in other industries. They saw what happened to musicians. My grandfather made a comfortable living on contract with 20th Century Fox, now owned by Disney. My father, on the other hand, died young, in large part from the stress of the ups and downs of working as an independent, a creative gig worker before we knew what that meant. But then you get to someone like Rajiv Shah, right? He’s from Los Gatos. He’s a member of SAG-AFTRA, the Screen Actors Guild slash American Federation of Television and Radio Artists for more than 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rajiv Shah: \u003c/strong>This is full time for me. So, I mean, I do a lot of work in L.A. and here I’m also a writer, so I do a lot of work with that. And we actually have a production company that does a lot of work for, you know, small businesses and things like that. So it’s all creative. You know, what I’ve been doing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>And like many creatives, he’s a hyphenate. He’s working a diversified portfolio of gigs. And I think I mentioned he’s from Los Gatos, right? He gets the tech has eaten Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rajiv Shah: \u003c/strong>But I think what everybody understands is this is setting a precedent for what’s going to come in the future because, you know, tech is only going to grow. You know, streaming is only going to grow. So all we’re asking is that we grow with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>You know, But this is Labor’s moment, right? Maybe the last opportunity it has to fight for a share of the pie that allows people like Shah to survive economically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I mean, Rachael, big tech has also been notoriously anti-union, right? I mean, just sort of thinking about how Uber and Lyft, for example, have been some of the biggest champions of gig work as opposed to full time work with benefits. How does that play into this? Like has. Have you seen this sort of anti-union, I guess, energy trickling down into Hollywood?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>The companies coming from tech. They don’t have this history of hashing things out every few years with the writers, the directors and the actors. Many of them are not union in the slightest, not even a portion of their employee base. It’s a different ballgame. We’ve seen Hollywood executives say some pretty dark things about willing to watch the writers and the actors bleed. You lose their homes. And, you know, it’s not that the companies aren’t at risk of losing a lot of money, but a lot of their entertainment services are are kind of loss leaders, to borrow a phrase from retail. If you’re Amazon, it doesn’t matter if prime, you know, at least the entertainment part of prime makes money. The whole point is to give people a reason to sign up for prime. Right. To to have the diapers delivered to your doorstep and to keep you engaged with Prime to continue re-upping every year. So that’s what Prime video is there for if you’re Apple. You don’t need to make money from Apple TV, right? This it’s just one unit. And in truth, you could say, well, yeah, those other media behemoths, they’re also made up of multiple units, many of which they talk about selling to each other. So so there’s some of that. But the big media companies, they have to succeed in entertainment versus for tech companies. I don’t think they have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>There’s so much talk now about A.I. in big tech. How do you think that might further reshape the landscape of Hollywood?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>This is the question on everybody’s lips, and there’s a lot that really nobody really knows yet. You’ve probably noticed the companies are busy hiring specialists just to figure out what’s possible. Right. And what kind of intellectual property rights are protectable because nobody owns as much creative content as these companies. Right. But already it doesn’t take a software engineer to see that visual special effects people are in big trouble and actors are in big trouble. I don’t know if you saw the latest Indiana Jones movie. There’s a big chunk at the beginning, which is starring a fairly believable younger version of Harrison Ford, but that’s Harrison Ford. So he gets to make bank off that project, right? $25 million. Now, imagine that you’re an extra or the kind of actor who makes a little money here and there for big roles. People might recognize your face or the kind of character you usually play. There are legions of people like this in Hollywood and really all over the world, because there are all sorts of film sets all over the world. Right, including the Bay Area today. Nothing protects these actors from having their likeness recorded on the one or two days. They’re brought on to a set and then used for perpetuity. They’re never going to get called back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Harley Ford: \u003c/strong>There’s places for A.I., but let us do the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>So actors like. One woman I met outside of Netflix in Los Gatos, Harley Ford, she can see the writing on the wall. She knows where this is going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Harley Ford: \u003c/strong>We’re the ones that, you know, have felt those emotions. And how can a robot put a tear behind something that doesn’t know what a real feeling is? It doesn’t know love. It doesn’t know respect or kindness. It doesn’t know fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Harley understands something that I think if you can appreciate that spark of creativity, the way that that only a human can speak to the emotions within us, like some some computer driven retread just can’t. Get to that. Looking ahead here, where does the, I guess, strike stand now? Are the actors and writers any closer to reaching a deal? At this moment, it’s just the writers back at the bargaining table. But I. I can’t read the tea leaves on this one because for one thing, we’re not getting a lot of public information about what they’re talking about. But also, I think that all three core issues for the writers especially are existential, right? Who gets paid and how? Who works and how much and who gets a say in how generative AI is used. And I should say it’s existential for the actors, too. I just think this is this is a moment, perhaps the last moment when when these two unions have the strategic capacity to drive the conversation. I go back to the idea, Erica, that Silicon Valley has eaten Hollywood, eaten the production model, eaten the economic model, and, you know, seems to be well on its way to eating the creative model. We might not see so many picket lines up here in the San Francisco Bay Area. But I’ll tell you, when you see those actors and writers yelling into the cameras on social media, they are yelling at us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Rachel, thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Rachael Myrow: \u003c/strong>Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was Rachael Myrow, senior editor of the Silicon Valley desk for KQED. Many KQED staffers are members of SAG-AFTRA. But broadcast journalists have a different contract than the Hollywood actors. This 40-minute conversation with Rachel was cut down and edited by senior editor Alan Montecillo. Producer Maria Esquinca scored this episode and added all the tape. If you liked this episode or learn something, tell someone about it. I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, thanks for listening to The Bay. Talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>"
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"slug": "santa-clara-county-pushes-food-businesses-to-pay-worker-wages-or-lose-permits",
"title": "Santa Clara County Pushes Food Businesses to Pay Worker Wages — or Lose Permits",
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"headTitle": "Santa Clara County Pushes Food Businesses to Pay Worker Wages — or Lose Permits | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The most populous county in the Bay Area is helping state authorities address a perennial problem in labor law enforcement: businesses that were found to have cheated workers out of wages, but then fail to settle that debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, thousands of people with lower-income who have won wage claims in front of state regulators over the last decade may never recover their money, even after courts have ordered their employers to pay up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unscrupulous debtors often skirt those obligations by hiding assets or closing operations and reorganizing as a new business — leaving vulnerable families without restitution — while facing little to no consequences, said workers’ rights advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a unique Santa Clara County approach targeting food retailers is leading to money back in workers’ pockets, in an industry regulators rate as one of the top for workplace violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county leverages the food permits it issues to push local restaurants and other food-serving businesses with unpaid \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/Judgment-Enforcement-Unit.html#:~:text=What%20is%20a%20Judgment%3F,the%20worker%20recover%20the%20wages.\">labor violation judgments\u003c/a> to comply — or risk losing authorization to operate in Santa Clara. The permits of about 1,800 local employers are contingent on following all applicable workplace laws, such as minimum wage and overtime pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has enormous potential,” said Ruth Silver Taube, an attorney who coordinates the Santa Clara County \u003ca href=\"https://wagetheftcoalition.org/\">Wage Theft Coalition\u003c/a>. “It disincentivizes wage theft because business owners want to keep their restaurants open.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Just a piece of paper’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In California, workers lose \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/publication/employers-steal-billions-from-workers-paychecks-each-year/\">roughly $2 billion\u003c/a> annually from employers who aren’t paying minimum wage, and that’s just one form of wage theft, according to the Economic Policy Institute. Many of those victimized, often lower-income immigrants and women, will never file an official complaint with the state agency tasked with investigating wage theft because they fear retaliation.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Ruth Silver Taube, attorney and coordinator, Santa Clara County Wage Theft Coalition\"]‘It has enormous potential. It disincentivizes wage theft because business owners want to keep their restaurants open.’[/pullquote]Workers already struggling to make ends meet report they have to rely more on tax-supported social programs to survive the lost wages. The state also \u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/publication/hollow-victories-the-crisis-in-collecting-unpaid-wages-for-californias-workers/\">loses revenue\u003c/a> in payroll taxes, and businesses that do follow the law are at a competitive disadvantage because of the higher costs, according to the UCLA Labor Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mirna Arana, a Guatemalan immigrant who now lives in San Leandro, in Alameda County, with her two young children, said she hasn’t received any of the $183,000 the California Labor Commissioner’s Office awarded her, including for unpaid regular wages and overtime. She often worked 12-hour shifts cleaning homes and office buildings, she said, but her former employer, Rene Herrera at Maid No. 1 Services, only paid her about $5 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958150\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958150\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman plays with two children indoors beside a window.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mirna Arana hasn’t received any of the $183,000 the California Labor Commissioner’s Office awarded her for unpaid wages and overtime. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her case was referred about two years ago to a small unit at the state agency that focuses on helping workers \u003ca href=\"https://wagetheftisacrime.com/Legal-Tools.html#sheriff\">collect\u003c/a> unpaid wages. But, by then, her employer had already filed for bankruptcy, she said. Efforts to enforce the judgment in her favor through bank levies were also unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been such a stressful, difficult time,” said Arana in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience of feeling exploited at her job inspired the 36-year-old to start her own house cleaning business, and she vowed to treat any employees she might hire fairly. But while she enlists a number of clients, Arana must still rely on government subsidized food assistance to get by, and she worries frequently about how to pay for her apartment’s rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years after she first filed her wage claim, she said the judgment she won is “just a piece of paper.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels like I didn’t achieve anything. That all my effort with this claim, to try to make sure that other workers didn’t go through what I did, wasn’t worth it,” Arana said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Secretary of State records show Maid No. 1 Services was terminated in May 2018. Herrera did not respond to multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Santa Clara County’s solution\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Santa Clara County, the \u003ca href=\"https://desj.sccgov.org/food-permit-enforcement-program\">Food Permit Enforcement Program\u003c/a> has helped collect more than $110,000 for workers since 2019, according to county officials. The program, which began as a pilot in a few cities, was halted during the pandemic before it was relaunched countywide last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED contacted three workers who recovered lost wages through the program, but they declined to comment, as they did not want to be publicly associated with a wage dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county’s Office of Labor Standards Enforcement regularly combs state records to identify food permit holders with unpaid judgments. If a business owner does not respond to a series of letters within 45 days, their permit could be revoked, though nobody has lost one yet, said Jessie Yu, who directs the office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958148\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958148\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt='A hand holds a flier with the words \"wage theft\" written in bold on the top.' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniella Balvidiva with the Fair Workplace Collaborative holds a flier on wage theft on April 28, 2023 in Gilroy. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The county focuses on food permits because we see a nexus between vulnerable worker populations and a large number of labor violations in the food retail industry,” said Yu. “We want to make sure that our citizens are taken care of and that if they are working for eight hours, they get paid for eight hours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first-of-its kind program works across jurisdictions to help ensure retail food vendors in the county comply not only with local laws, but state and federal ones as well, said Jenn Round, a labor standards enforcement expert at the Workplace Justice Lab at Rutgers University in New Jersey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Santa Clara food permitting program is unique and innovative nationwide,” said Round, who works with local, state and federal agencies across the U.S. to more effectively protect the rights of low-wage workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t heard of any other county in the country that is doing anything like that … to take on the challenge of enforcing a judgment that’s been issued by a different (state) agency,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes as the Labor Commissioner’s Office struggles with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955920/california-wage-theft-investigators-staffing-crisis\">staffing crisis\u003c/a> that dozens of employees at the agency say cripples its mission of ensuring a fair day’s pay in every workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the approximately 30,000 \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/howtofilewageclaim.htm\">wage claims\u003c/a> workers file annually are settled with employers or dismissed. But those that aren’t, end up in court judgments, often after a years-long process due to major \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11906889/california-workers-face-years-long-waits-for-justice-in-wage-theft-cases-state-data-shows\">delays\u003c/a> at the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even after they win, many workers are then left to their own devices to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/PubsTemp/DLSE%20Brochures/Collect%20Your%20Award%20from%20the%20Caifornia%20Labor/Brochure-JE_WEB-EN.pdf\">try to collect (PDF)\u003c/a> on those judgments. A fraction of those orders — involving people who labor in low-wage industries such as agriculture, construction and restaurants — are referred to the Labor Commissioner’s Judgment Enforcement Unit for help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These specific employers sometimes that come through our office will do everything they can to avoid these payments,” said James Yang, a senior deputy who works at the unit. “They start moving property, they start trying to sell or transfer the business, getting rid of real estate… It’s not easy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yang says the unit is “very effective” at clawing back money in cases they can focus on, using collections tools that range from liens and bank levies to complex investigations to try to chase and seize assets to collect lost wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because the unit has fewer than two dozen staff positions statewide, and only 13 of those are filled, it lacks the capacity to intensively investigate the thousands of cases it handles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958146\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958146\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two people talk inside of a restaurant. One person is holding a clipboard.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Armando Ricardez, with the nonprofit Prosperity Lab, asks Lorena Gaeta, owner of Gaeta’s Taqueria, to sign a list acknowledging that she has received a certificate of completion for a training on workplace laws. The outreach effort informs small business owners about the county’s food permit enforcement program. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Working Partnerships USA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even though Santa Clara’s food permit enforcement initiative only targets a small subset of unpaid judgments, it still sends a powerful message to employers, said Yang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s one county, one specific industry, we are talking about here. But it’s been very helpful,” he said. “And it’s garnered very positive attention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other counties in California have expressed interest in setting up programs like Santa Clara’s to hold more wage thieves accountable, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several \u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/publication/hollow-victories-the-crisis-in-collecting-unpaid-wages-for-californias-workers/\">studies\u003c/a> point to a high proportion of wage theft victims who are unable to collect on the judgments in their favor. The California Legislative Analyst’s Office \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4165\">found\u003c/a> that fewer than half of workers who received an award for unpaid wages recovered them from their employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last decade, more than 6,500 unpaid judgments, totaling nearly $85 million, remained open after being referred to the enforcement unit, according to a spokeswoman with the Department of Industrial Relations, which oversees the Labor Commissioner’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total amount owed to workers is likely much higher, as those figures do not include cases that were not referred to the unit and whose outcome is not known to the agency. Also omitted are judgments stemming from investigations by the agency’s Bureau of Field Enforcement, which often issues citations totaling millions of dollars for widespread violations impacting dozens of workers at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wage theft ‘not acceptable’ in Santa Clara County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The numerous unpaid judgments show it’s “absolutely critical” for city and county governments to do more to disincentivize wage theft, said Silver Taube, the attorney working with Santa Clara County’s Wage Theft Coalition, and a supervising attorney at Alexander Community Law Center at Santa Clara University Law School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe it’s a business model. I think they know there’s no consequences, and they just don’t pay,” said Silver Taube, who has pushed for greater consequences for businesses with labor violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958147\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958147\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two people talk inside of a restaurant. One person is holding a clipboard.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Melissa Sanchez speaks with Tempo Kitchen & Bar’s general manager Ricardo Rivas on April 28, 2023 in Gilroy. Sanchez is part of an outreach team that informs businesses about the county’s food permit enforcement program and workplace laws. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Wage Theft Coalition advocated for Santa Clara County to establish the food permit enforcement program, and they helped convince cities, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.milpitas.gov/FAQ.aspx?QID=365\">Milpitas\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://law.scu.edu/kgaclc/newsletter-summer-2016-eliminating-wage-theft/\">San José\u003c/a>, that it’s to their benefit, too, to deny business permits or contracts to employers with unpaid judgments at the Labor Commissioner’s Office.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jessie Yu, Director of Santa Clara County Office of Labor Standards Enforcement\"]‘The county focuses on food permits because we see a nexus between vulnerable worker populations and a large number of labor violations in the food retail industry.’[/pullquote]“Wage theft is on everyone’s radar now. And I do believe that there’s a consensus that it’s not acceptable in this county,” said Silver Taube. “It’s just that we have a lot of work to do, still.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county is spending hundreds of thousands of dollars a year to partner with community groups that inform workers of their rights and businesses of their responsibilities, said Yu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a sunny afternoon in downtown Gilroy, a group with green buttons that read “Community Outreach” visited food businesses, distributing brochures on the permit enforcement program and inviting them to a free training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958145\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958145\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Three people walk across a street as one of them pulls a wagon.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniella Baldivia pulls a cart full of flyers as other members of the Fair Workplace Collaborative follow in downtown Gilroy. The group informed business owners at restaurants, grocery stores and cafes about the county’s food permit enforcement program. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Working Partnerships USA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We want to make sure you’re up to speed on all the laws,” Melissa Sanchez, with the Fair Workplace Collaborative, told general manager Ricardo Rivas at Tempo Kitchen & Bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rivas said he appreciated the outreach effort, and would sign up for the training session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are so many different things involved between state and county and federal laws, especially as far as labor goes,” Rivas said. “So being able to stay compliant with it, ensure that we are treating our workers here fairly, and in accordance with the law, is definitely a major importance for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "'Wage theft is on everyone's radar now, and I do believe that there's a consensus that it's not acceptable in this county,' said a workers' rights advocate. \r\n",
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"title": "Santa Clara County Pushes Food Businesses to Pay Worker Wages — or Lose Permits | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The most populous county in the Bay Area is helping state authorities address a perennial problem in labor law enforcement: businesses that were found to have cheated workers out of wages, but then fail to settle that debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, thousands of people with lower-income who have won wage claims in front of state regulators over the last decade may never recover their money, even after courts have ordered their employers to pay up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unscrupulous debtors often skirt those obligations by hiding assets or closing operations and reorganizing as a new business — leaving vulnerable families without restitution — while facing little to no consequences, said workers’ rights advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a unique Santa Clara County approach targeting food retailers is leading to money back in workers’ pockets, in an industry regulators rate as one of the top for workplace violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county leverages the food permits it issues to push local restaurants and other food-serving businesses with unpaid \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/Judgment-Enforcement-Unit.html#:~:text=What%20is%20a%20Judgment%3F,the%20worker%20recover%20the%20wages.\">labor violation judgments\u003c/a> to comply — or risk losing authorization to operate in Santa Clara. The permits of about 1,800 local employers are contingent on following all applicable workplace laws, such as minimum wage and overtime pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has enormous potential,” said Ruth Silver Taube, an attorney who coordinates the Santa Clara County \u003ca href=\"https://wagetheftcoalition.org/\">Wage Theft Coalition\u003c/a>. “It disincentivizes wage theft because business owners want to keep their restaurants open.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Just a piece of paper’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In California, workers lose \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/publication/employers-steal-billions-from-workers-paychecks-each-year/\">roughly $2 billion\u003c/a> annually from employers who aren’t paying minimum wage, and that’s just one form of wage theft, according to the Economic Policy Institute. Many of those victimized, often lower-income immigrants and women, will never file an official complaint with the state agency tasked with investigating wage theft because they fear retaliation.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘It has enormous potential. It disincentivizes wage theft because business owners want to keep their restaurants open.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Workers already struggling to make ends meet report they have to rely more on tax-supported social programs to survive the lost wages. The state also \u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/publication/hollow-victories-the-crisis-in-collecting-unpaid-wages-for-californias-workers/\">loses revenue\u003c/a> in payroll taxes, and businesses that do follow the law are at a competitive disadvantage because of the higher costs, according to the UCLA Labor Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mirna Arana, a Guatemalan immigrant who now lives in San Leandro, in Alameda County, with her two young children, said she hasn’t received any of the $183,000 the California Labor Commissioner’s Office awarded her, including for unpaid regular wages and overtime. She often worked 12-hour shifts cleaning homes and office buildings, she said, but her former employer, Rene Herrera at Maid No. 1 Services, only paid her about $5 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958150\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958150\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman plays with two children indoors beside a window.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-06-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mirna Arana hasn’t received any of the $183,000 the California Labor Commissioner’s Office awarded her for unpaid wages and overtime. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her case was referred about two years ago to a small unit at the state agency that focuses on helping workers \u003ca href=\"https://wagetheftisacrime.com/Legal-Tools.html#sheriff\">collect\u003c/a> unpaid wages. But, by then, her employer had already filed for bankruptcy, she said. Efforts to enforce the judgment in her favor through bank levies were also unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been such a stressful, difficult time,” said Arana in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience of feeling exploited at her job inspired the 36-year-old to start her own house cleaning business, and she vowed to treat any employees she might hire fairly. But while she enlists a number of clients, Arana must still rely on government subsidized food assistance to get by, and she worries frequently about how to pay for her apartment’s rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years after she first filed her wage claim, she said the judgment she won is “just a piece of paper.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels like I didn’t achieve anything. That all my effort with this claim, to try to make sure that other workers didn’t go through what I did, wasn’t worth it,” Arana said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Secretary of State records show Maid No. 1 Services was terminated in May 2018. Herrera did not respond to multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Santa Clara County’s solution\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Santa Clara County, the \u003ca href=\"https://desj.sccgov.org/food-permit-enforcement-program\">Food Permit Enforcement Program\u003c/a> has helped collect more than $110,000 for workers since 2019, according to county officials. The program, which began as a pilot in a few cities, was halted during the pandemic before it was relaunched countywide last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED contacted three workers who recovered lost wages through the program, but they declined to comment, as they did not want to be publicly associated with a wage dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county’s Office of Labor Standards Enforcement regularly combs state records to identify food permit holders with unpaid judgments. If a business owner does not respond to a series of letters within 45 days, their permit could be revoked, though nobody has lost one yet, said Jessie Yu, who directs the office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958148\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958148\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt='A hand holds a flier with the words \"wage theft\" written in bold on the top.' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-04-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniella Balvidiva with the Fair Workplace Collaborative holds a flier on wage theft on April 28, 2023 in Gilroy. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The county focuses on food permits because we see a nexus between vulnerable worker populations and a large number of labor violations in the food retail industry,” said Yu. “We want to make sure that our citizens are taken care of and that if they are working for eight hours, they get paid for eight hours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first-of-its kind program works across jurisdictions to help ensure retail food vendors in the county comply not only with local laws, but state and federal ones as well, said Jenn Round, a labor standards enforcement expert at the Workplace Justice Lab at Rutgers University in New Jersey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Santa Clara food permitting program is unique and innovative nationwide,” said Round, who works with local, state and federal agencies across the U.S. to more effectively protect the rights of low-wage workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t heard of any other county in the country that is doing anything like that … to take on the challenge of enforcing a judgment that’s been issued by a different (state) agency,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes as the Labor Commissioner’s Office struggles with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955920/california-wage-theft-investigators-staffing-crisis\">staffing crisis\u003c/a> that dozens of employees at the agency say cripples its mission of ensuring a fair day’s pay in every workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the approximately 30,000 \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/howtofilewageclaim.htm\">wage claims\u003c/a> workers file annually are settled with employers or dismissed. But those that aren’t, end up in court judgments, often after a years-long process due to major \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11906889/california-workers-face-years-long-waits-for-justice-in-wage-theft-cases-state-data-shows\">delays\u003c/a> at the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even after they win, many workers are then left to their own devices to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/PubsTemp/DLSE%20Brochures/Collect%20Your%20Award%20from%20the%20Caifornia%20Labor/Brochure-JE_WEB-EN.pdf\">try to collect (PDF)\u003c/a> on those judgments. A fraction of those orders — involving people who labor in low-wage industries such as agriculture, construction and restaurants — are referred to the Labor Commissioner’s Judgment Enforcement Unit for help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These specific employers sometimes that come through our office will do everything they can to avoid these payments,” said James Yang, a senior deputy who works at the unit. “They start moving property, they start trying to sell or transfer the business, getting rid of real estate… It’s not easy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yang says the unit is “very effective” at clawing back money in cases they can focus on, using collections tools that range from liens and bank levies to complex investigations to try to chase and seize assets to collect lost wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because the unit has fewer than two dozen staff positions statewide, and only 13 of those are filled, it lacks the capacity to intensively investigate the thousands of cases it handles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958146\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958146\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two people talk inside of a restaurant. One person is holding a clipboard.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-02-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Armando Ricardez, with the nonprofit Prosperity Lab, asks Lorena Gaeta, owner of Gaeta’s Taqueria, to sign a list acknowledging that she has received a certificate of completion for a training on workplace laws. The outreach effort informs small business owners about the county’s food permit enforcement program. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Working Partnerships USA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even though Santa Clara’s food permit enforcement initiative only targets a small subset of unpaid judgments, it still sends a powerful message to employers, said Yang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s one county, one specific industry, we are talking about here. But it’s been very helpful,” he said. “And it’s garnered very positive attention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other counties in California have expressed interest in setting up programs like Santa Clara’s to hold more wage thieves accountable, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several \u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/publication/hollow-victories-the-crisis-in-collecting-unpaid-wages-for-californias-workers/\">studies\u003c/a> point to a high proportion of wage theft victims who are unable to collect on the judgments in their favor. The California Legislative Analyst’s Office \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4165\">found\u003c/a> that fewer than half of workers who received an award for unpaid wages recovered them from their employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last decade, more than 6,500 unpaid judgments, totaling nearly $85 million, remained open after being referred to the enforcement unit, according to a spokeswoman with the Department of Industrial Relations, which oversees the Labor Commissioner’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The total amount owed to workers is likely much higher, as those figures do not include cases that were not referred to the unit and whose outcome is not known to the agency. Also omitted are judgments stemming from investigations by the agency’s Bureau of Field Enforcement, which often issues citations totaling millions of dollars for widespread violations impacting dozens of workers at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wage theft ‘not acceptable’ in Santa Clara County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The numerous unpaid judgments show it’s “absolutely critical” for city and county governments to do more to disincentivize wage theft, said Silver Taube, the attorney working with Santa Clara County’s Wage Theft Coalition, and a supervising attorney at Alexander Community Law Center at Santa Clara University Law School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe it’s a business model. I think they know there’s no consequences, and they just don’t pay,” said Silver Taube, who has pushed for greater consequences for businesses with labor violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958147\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958147\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two people talk inside of a restaurant. One person is holding a clipboard.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-03-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Melissa Sanchez speaks with Tempo Kitchen & Bar’s general manager Ricardo Rivas on April 28, 2023 in Gilroy. Sanchez is part of an outreach team that informs businesses about the county’s food permit enforcement program and workplace laws. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Wage Theft Coalition advocated for Santa Clara County to establish the food permit enforcement program, and they helped convince cities, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.milpitas.gov/FAQ.aspx?QID=365\">Milpitas\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://law.scu.edu/kgaclc/newsletter-summer-2016-eliminating-wage-theft/\">San José\u003c/a>, that it’s to their benefit, too, to deny business permits or contracts to employers with unpaid judgments at the Labor Commissioner’s Office.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Wage theft is on everyone’s radar now. And I do believe that there’s a consensus that it’s not acceptable in this county,” said Silver Taube. “It’s just that we have a lot of work to do, still.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county is spending hundreds of thousands of dollars a year to partner with community groups that inform workers of their rights and businesses of their responsibilities, said Yu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a sunny afternoon in downtown Gilroy, a group with green buttons that read “Community Outreach” visited food businesses, distributing brochures on the permit enforcement program and inviting them to a free training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958145\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11958145\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Three people walk across a street as one of them pulls a wagon.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230814-WAGE-THEFT-FJR-01-KQED.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniella Baldivia pulls a cart full of flyers as other members of the Fair Workplace Collaborative follow in downtown Gilroy. The group informed business owners at restaurants, grocery stores and cafes about the county’s food permit enforcement program. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Working Partnerships USA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We want to make sure you’re up to speed on all the laws,” Melissa Sanchez, with the Fair Workplace Collaborative, told general manager Ricardo Rivas at Tempo Kitchen & Bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rivas said he appreciated the outreach effort, and would sign up for the training session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are so many different things involved between state and county and federal laws, especially as far as labor goes,” Rivas said. “So being able to stay compliant with it, ensure that we are treating our workers here fairly, and in accordance with the law, is definitely a major importance for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Are You Ready for More Driverless Taxis? CPUC Votes to Let Cruise, Waymo Expand in SF",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:30 p.m. Friday: \u003c/strong>A San Francisco supervisor says city officials are considering ways to appeal Thursday night’s CPUC vote that gave the green light for unlimited commercial expansion of Cruise and Waymo’s autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision by state regulators followed months of protest by San Francisco officials, unions and civic groups. Supervisor Aaron Peskin says options include filing for a re-hearing, and engaging further with the DMV, state lawmakers and federal regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the beginning. This is not the end,” Peskin said. “San Francisco is not going to shirk our responsibilities around fundamental life safety, public safety issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor London Breed’s office wrote KQED: “There remain challenges we need to work to resolve, especially when [autonomous vehicles] interfere with our first responders. We are … exploring our options for next steps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 7:45 p.m. Thursday:\u003c/strong> The California Public Utilities Commission voted 3–1 Thursday evening to allow Cruise and Waymo robotaxis to charge fares in San Francisco where the DMV has already determined the vehicles are deployment ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mood was polite but charged over six-and-a-half hours of public testimony preceding the votes, as scores of people argued for and against.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are private companies testing their private R&D on public roads,” said Lauren Renaud, a data analyst in San Francisco. “You are a regulatory agency. Please do your job and create regulation. I did not consent to be a beta tester.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we should be championing this technology to help improve San Francisco’s infrastructure and not impede it,” said Nzechi Nwaokoro, a software engineer who said he grew up in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the vote, Waymo’s co-CEO wrote that the CPUC’s approval “marks the true beginning of our commercial operations in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruise’s vice president of government affairs wrote that the company is now in a position to compete with traditional ride-hail companies, namely, Uber and Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unfortunate the commissioners looked at this issue very narrowly and departed from their own stated mission and values of ensuring public safety,” said Justin Kloczko, a tech and privacy advocate for Consumer Watchdog. “They are failing to regulate a dangerous, nascent industry. Los Angeles is next.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waymo has been operating fully autonomous test vehicles in Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/dmitri_dolgov/status/1630231987146608640?s=20\">since February\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nState regulators are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpuc.ca.gov/events-and-meetings/cpuc-voting-meeting-2023-08-10\">expected to vote\u003c/a> today on whether to give the green light to \u003ca href=\"https://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Published/G000/M516/K812/516812218.PDF\">Cruise (PDF)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Published/G000/M516/K812/516812344.PDF\">Waymo (PDF)\u003c/a> to run an unlimited fleet of driverless robotaxis in San Francisco. If approved, the two companies would be able to charge for rides, at any hour of the day or night, throughout the city, and would be able to expand their fleets without limit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Motor Vehicles gave its \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/news-and-media/117199-2/\">approval\u003c/a> for commercial robotaxis back in September of 2021. And both GM-owned Cruise and Alphabet-owned Waymo already have autonomous vehicles, or AVs, roaming certain parts of the city for limited hours. But these driverless cars have also given rise to frustration and sometimes fear, documented in profusion on social media. Like this tweet, posted last Sunday:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/shaan_ca/status/1688226890170150912?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or this one, posted last Monday:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/alfsan/status/1688614136366714880?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, in the most recent earnings conference call for shareholders, Cruise CEO and CTO Kyle Vogt described a rosy scenario approaching, when their multibillion dollar investments might finally break out onto the open road of profitability and any current issues would be resolved. In fact, he argues driverless robotaxis will ultimately be safer and more convenient than regular cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Safety continues to improve despite increasing complexity,” said Vogt two weeks ago. “Our analysis of the first 1 million miles shows AVs experienced 54% fewer collisions than human drivers in similar environments, and 92% fewer where the AV was the primary contributor. In other words, the vast majority of collisions are caused by inattentive human drivers, not the AV.” Vogt envisioned a day when people will find it more affordable to take robotaxis instead of owning cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two companies must now clear a final regulatory hurdle from the California Public Utilities Commission before taking on human-driven Uber and Lyft unobstructed in San Francisco. But the votes have been delayed twice, following concerns voiced by local first responders and law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are multiple documented cases of AVs rolling into emergency scenes, oblivious to human commands to stop. The vehicles also have a tendency to “brick,” or come to a complete stop when confused, regardless of location. (See tweets above.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957839\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2023/08/10/are-you-ready-for-more-driverless-taxis-cpuc-votes-on-whether-to-let-cruise-waymo-expand-in-sf/city-of-san-francisco/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11957839\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11957839\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/city-of-san-francisco.jpg\" alt=\"a slide from a presentation shows a bar graph going up on the left and a map on the right\" width=\"1000\" height=\"565\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/city-of-san-francisco.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/city-of-san-francisco-800x452.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/city-of-san-francisco-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Screenshot from a CPUC meeting. \u003ccite>(SFFD, SFPD, SFMTA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local regulators have largely had to watch from the sidewalks, and they’ve been \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/sites/default/files/reports-and-documents/2023/08/2023.08.07_cpuc_status_conference_8.7.2023_final.pdf\">loud about their frustration (PDF)\u003c/a>. Jeffrey Tumlin, director of the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, says he’s bullish about the technology, but not the way company performance data is largely a black box to local officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The companies have mostly denied all of our data requests around performance,” he said. “So to the extent that we have data, it is largely from reporting that industry must do — at the federal level to NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration), and at the state level to the California Public Utilities Commission and the DMV.” Tumlin claims the bulk of safety performance data San Francisco transit officials get is coming from calls to 911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dan Chatman, chair of UC Berkeley’s Department of City and Regional Planning, says the rollout of robotaxis is inevitable — and not just for San Francisco, or California. Three years ago, there were only test vehicles in a handful of places. Now, they prowl the streets of several large cities, including \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2023/02/27/waymo-to-test-driverless-rides-with-employees-in-los-angeles/\">Los Angeles\u003c/a>, Phoenix, Austin and Miami. Cruise began offering the public a \u003ca href=\"https://getcruise.com/\">waitlist\u003c/a> for autonomous ride hailing in San Francisco in February of 2022. Waymo began \u003ca href=\"https://waymo.com/waymo-one-san-francisco/\">offering rides\u003c/a> the following November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It isn’t completely transparent to me that, just because there are some well publicized issues with the vehicles, therefore, they should be shut down,” Chatman said. “The CPUC is in a position where it has to weigh the potential benefits and the costs, and I don’t envy them their task.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cruise is no longer a science project,” CEO Vogt said in that earnings call earlier this month. “There was once significant risk and reasons to doubt, but it’s now a rapidly growing business and transformational product.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Alexander Gonzalez contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:30 p.m. Friday: \u003c/strong>A San Francisco supervisor says city officials are considering ways to appeal Thursday night’s CPUC vote that gave the green light for unlimited commercial expansion of Cruise and Waymo’s autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision by state regulators followed months of protest by San Francisco officials, unions and civic groups. Supervisor Aaron Peskin says options include filing for a re-hearing, and engaging further with the DMV, state lawmakers and federal regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the beginning. This is not the end,” Peskin said. “San Francisco is not going to shirk our responsibilities around fundamental life safety, public safety issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor London Breed’s office wrote KQED: “There remain challenges we need to work to resolve, especially when [autonomous vehicles] interfere with our first responders. We are … exploring our options for next steps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 7:45 p.m. Thursday:\u003c/strong> The California Public Utilities Commission voted 3–1 Thursday evening to allow Cruise and Waymo robotaxis to charge fares in San Francisco where the DMV has already determined the vehicles are deployment ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mood was polite but charged over six-and-a-half hours of public testimony preceding the votes, as scores of people argued for and against.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are private companies testing their private R&D on public roads,” said Lauren Renaud, a data analyst in San Francisco. “You are a regulatory agency. Please do your job and create regulation. I did not consent to be a beta tester.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we should be championing this technology to help improve San Francisco’s infrastructure and not impede it,” said Nzechi Nwaokoro, a software engineer who said he grew up in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the vote, Waymo’s co-CEO wrote that the CPUC’s approval “marks the true beginning of our commercial operations in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruise’s vice president of government affairs wrote that the company is now in a position to compete with traditional ride-hail companies, namely, Uber and Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unfortunate the commissioners looked at this issue very narrowly and departed from their own stated mission and values of ensuring public safety,” said Justin Kloczko, a tech and privacy advocate for Consumer Watchdog. “They are failing to regulate a dangerous, nascent industry. Los Angeles is next.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waymo has been operating fully autonomous test vehicles in Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/dmitri_dolgov/status/1630231987146608640?s=20\">since February\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nState regulators are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpuc.ca.gov/events-and-meetings/cpuc-voting-meeting-2023-08-10\">expected to vote\u003c/a> today on whether to give the green light to \u003ca href=\"https://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Published/G000/M516/K812/516812218.PDF\">Cruise (PDF)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Published/G000/M516/K812/516812344.PDF\">Waymo (PDF)\u003c/a> to run an unlimited fleet of driverless robotaxis in San Francisco. If approved, the two companies would be able to charge for rides, at any hour of the day or night, throughout the city, and would be able to expand their fleets without limit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Motor Vehicles gave its \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/news-and-media/117199-2/\">approval\u003c/a> for commercial robotaxis back in September of 2021. And both GM-owned Cruise and Alphabet-owned Waymo already have autonomous vehicles, or AVs, roaming certain parts of the city for limited hours. But these driverless cars have also given rise to frustration and sometimes fear, documented in profusion on social media. Like this tweet, posted last Sunday:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Or this one, posted last Monday:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>However, in the most recent earnings conference call for shareholders, Cruise CEO and CTO Kyle Vogt described a rosy scenario approaching, when their multibillion dollar investments might finally break out onto the open road of profitability and any current issues would be resolved. In fact, he argues driverless robotaxis will ultimately be safer and more convenient than regular cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Safety continues to improve despite increasing complexity,” said Vogt two weeks ago. “Our analysis of the first 1 million miles shows AVs experienced 54% fewer collisions than human drivers in similar environments, and 92% fewer where the AV was the primary contributor. In other words, the vast majority of collisions are caused by inattentive human drivers, not the AV.” Vogt envisioned a day when people will find it more affordable to take robotaxis instead of owning cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two companies must now clear a final regulatory hurdle from the California Public Utilities Commission before taking on human-driven Uber and Lyft unobstructed in San Francisco. But the votes have been delayed twice, following concerns voiced by local first responders and law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are multiple documented cases of AVs rolling into emergency scenes, oblivious to human commands to stop. The vehicles also have a tendency to “brick,” or come to a complete stop when confused, regardless of location. (See tweets above.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957839\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2023/08/10/are-you-ready-for-more-driverless-taxis-cpuc-votes-on-whether-to-let-cruise-waymo-expand-in-sf/city-of-san-francisco/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11957839\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11957839\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/city-of-san-francisco.jpg\" alt=\"a slide from a presentation shows a bar graph going up on the left and a map on the right\" width=\"1000\" height=\"565\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/city-of-san-francisco.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/city-of-san-francisco-800x452.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/city-of-san-francisco-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Screenshot from a CPUC meeting. \u003ccite>(SFFD, SFPD, SFMTA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local regulators have largely had to watch from the sidewalks, and they’ve been \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/sites/default/files/reports-and-documents/2023/08/2023.08.07_cpuc_status_conference_8.7.2023_final.pdf\">loud about their frustration (PDF)\u003c/a>. Jeffrey Tumlin, director of the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, says he’s bullish about the technology, but not the way company performance data is largely a black box to local officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The companies have mostly denied all of our data requests around performance,” he said. “So to the extent that we have data, it is largely from reporting that industry must do — at the federal level to NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration), and at the state level to the California Public Utilities Commission and the DMV.” Tumlin claims the bulk of safety performance data San Francisco transit officials get is coming from calls to 911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dan Chatman, chair of UC Berkeley’s Department of City and Regional Planning, says the rollout of robotaxis is inevitable — and not just for San Francisco, or California. Three years ago, there were only test vehicles in a handful of places. Now, they prowl the streets of several large cities, including \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2023/02/27/waymo-to-test-driverless-rides-with-employees-in-los-angeles/\">Los Angeles\u003c/a>, Phoenix, Austin and Miami. Cruise began offering the public a \u003ca href=\"https://getcruise.com/\">waitlist\u003c/a> for autonomous ride hailing in San Francisco in February of 2022. Waymo began \u003ca href=\"https://waymo.com/waymo-one-san-francisco/\">offering rides\u003c/a> the following November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It isn’t completely transparent to me that, just because there are some well publicized issues with the vehicles, therefore, they should be shut down,” Chatman said. “The CPUC is in a position where it has to weigh the potential benefits and the costs, and I don’t envy them their task.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cruise is no longer a science project,” CEO Vogt said in that earnings call earlier this month. “There was once significant risk and reasons to doubt, but it’s now a rapidly growing business and transformational product.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Alexander Gonzalez contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Berkeley City Council voted 6–1 on Tuesday night to install 52 license plate scanners on street lights throughout the city to address rising auto theft, return stolen vehicles and deter other serious crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision comes as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11956244/controversial-speeding-ticket-cameras-could-come-to-3-bay-area-cities-under-proposed-california-bill\">California is simultaneously seeking to pilot speeding cameras in six cities across the state\u003c/a>, including three in the Bay Area. But privacy advocates and some residents are wary of the surveillance technology, questioning its effectiveness and how the immense amount of data captured by the scanners could be used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is insufficient evidence at this point to say that yes, this will solve our crime problems,” said Hansel Aguilar, director of the city’s Police Accountability Board. “Vehicle theft was the most clear (application) with this, but even with that, the evidence is mixed on its potential and effectiveness to prevent auto vehicle thefts.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Hansel Aguilar, director, Berkeley’s Police Accountability Board\"]‘We should, with any surveillance technology, just be mindful of its promises and make sure we manage our expectations as a community.’[/pullquote]Berkeley Police have been pushing for the cameras, which will operate under a two-year pilot program and city leaders will evaluate after whether they should continue using them. Berkeley Police Department will begin installing the devices this fall, and exact locations have not been determined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that good data in, lends itself to good data out, and we are now working to accomplish that,” said Jessica Perry, public relations officer for the Berkeley Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say that the license plate readers can increase the likelihood and speed at which police can identify drivers who pose a risk to street safety or who are wanted for other serious crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 733 stolen vehicles have been reported in Berkeley so far this year, a 67% increase from a year ago, according to \u003ca href=\"https://bpd-transparency-initiative-berkeleypd.hub.arcgis.com/pages/crimes\">police department data\u003c/a>. On the whole, crime reports in Berkeley are up 15% compared to last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approved pilot program will require an initial setup cost of $250,000 and it will cost an estimated $175,000 annually to maintain the devices.[aside postID=\"news_11956244,news_11927758,news_11929172\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Berkeley already has some scanners installed on parking enforcement vehicles, \u003cem>Berkeleyside\u003c/em> reports, and several law enforcement agencies in Alameda County \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/2019-118/summary.html\">already use some amount of automated license plate readers (ALPRs)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Berkeley also approved the use of \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2023/06/15/berkeley-surveillance-cameras\">10 fixed surveillance cameras\u003c/a> to be placed on city intersections to help identify other crimes, like thefts and shootings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vacaville has seen a 33% dip in auto thefts since the city approved of the scanners in 2019, Berkeley Police Sgt. Joseph Ledoux said at a City Council Public Safety Committee meeting in June. But members of the Police Accountability Board questioned the statistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That number could be misleading, because the period where that decrease occurred was before some of the ALPRs were installed,” said Aguilar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley’s Police Accountability Board voted against the cameras in June. Members were not convinced that privacy risks would outweigh any benefits from the added surveillance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We should, with any surveillance technology, just be mindful of its promises and make sure we manage our expectations as a community,” Aguilar said. “I know a lot of people are concerned about these reported crime trends and I don’t want the police department to be put in a situation where we treat any tool as a magic bullet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union echoed their concerns with the technology and wrote a letter to Berkeley City Council ahead of Tuesday’s vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ALPR systems represent a massive expansion of surveillance that frequently do not bring commensurate public safety benefits. Rather, in many circumstances, this technology causes more harm than good,” the letter reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to data privacy concerns, ACLU wrote that technologies like ALPRs are often deployed in disadvantaged neighborhoods and could disproportionately punish residents in those areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ALPR systems are easily misused to harm marginalized communities,” the ACLU wrote. “As with other surveillance technologies, police often deploy license plate readers in poor and historically overpoliced areas, regardless of crime rates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracy Rosenberg, advocacy director of Oakland Privacy, a citizens’ coalition that advocates for the regulation of surveillance technology, worries that the data collected by the scanners is susceptible to data breaches, and she’s skeptical over how the tool could prevent most types of crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve heard people saying it will prevent gun violence and a number of other things that it in very practical terms won’t do … So we have a situation where we’re using municipal resources for something that may not be able to deliver what people are being promised,” said Rosenberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do we really want the government tracking everywhere that our cars go and putting it into a cloud database online? These cloud databases can be leaky, things get hacked,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenberg similarly has concerns with a statewide speed camera pilot program that is currently working its way through the California Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, AB 645, would allow San Francisco, Oakland and San José to pilot an automated speed camera system, along with Los Angeles, Glendale and Long Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say it can help deter pedestrian accidents and other road collisions. Funding collected from speeding tickets, which can run from $50 to $500 depending on the violation, would be earmarked for street infrastructure improvement projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics like Rosenberg say that cities should first invest in infrastructure improvement, violence prevention programs, and building better roads, which can improve traffic and public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pointed to how cities like Oakland and Richmond have used license plate scanners for years, but continue to battle many of the same challenges as Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If these readers really stop and prevent crime,” she said, “then why on earth haven’t they been working in those cities?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Rachael Myrow contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Berkeley City Council voted 6–1 on Tuesday night to install 52 license plate scanners on street lights throughout the city to address rising auto theft, return stolen vehicles and deter other serious crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision comes as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11956244/controversial-speeding-ticket-cameras-could-come-to-3-bay-area-cities-under-proposed-california-bill\">California is simultaneously seeking to pilot speeding cameras in six cities across the state\u003c/a>, including three in the Bay Area. But privacy advocates and some residents are wary of the surveillance technology, questioning its effectiveness and how the immense amount of data captured by the scanners could be used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is insufficient evidence at this point to say that yes, this will solve our crime problems,” said Hansel Aguilar, director of the city’s Police Accountability Board. “Vehicle theft was the most clear (application) with this, but even with that, the evidence is mixed on its potential and effectiveness to prevent auto vehicle thefts.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Berkeley Police have been pushing for the cameras, which will operate under a two-year pilot program and city leaders will evaluate after whether they should continue using them. Berkeley Police Department will begin installing the devices this fall, and exact locations have not been determined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that good data in, lends itself to good data out, and we are now working to accomplish that,” said Jessica Perry, public relations officer for the Berkeley Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say that the license plate readers can increase the likelihood and speed at which police can identify drivers who pose a risk to street safety or who are wanted for other serious crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 733 stolen vehicles have been reported in Berkeley so far this year, a 67% increase from a year ago, according to \u003ca href=\"https://bpd-transparency-initiative-berkeleypd.hub.arcgis.com/pages/crimes\">police department data\u003c/a>. On the whole, crime reports in Berkeley are up 15% compared to last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approved pilot program will require an initial setup cost of $250,000 and it will cost an estimated $175,000 annually to maintain the devices.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Berkeley already has some scanners installed on parking enforcement vehicles, \u003cem>Berkeleyside\u003c/em> reports, and several law enforcement agencies in Alameda County \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/2019-118/summary.html\">already use some amount of automated license plate readers (ALPRs)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Berkeley also approved the use of \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2023/06/15/berkeley-surveillance-cameras\">10 fixed surveillance cameras\u003c/a> to be placed on city intersections to help identify other crimes, like thefts and shootings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vacaville has seen a 33% dip in auto thefts since the city approved of the scanners in 2019, Berkeley Police Sgt. Joseph Ledoux said at a City Council Public Safety Committee meeting in June. But members of the Police Accountability Board questioned the statistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That number could be misleading, because the period where that decrease occurred was before some of the ALPRs were installed,” said Aguilar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley’s Police Accountability Board voted against the cameras in June. Members were not convinced that privacy risks would outweigh any benefits from the added surveillance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We should, with any surveillance technology, just be mindful of its promises and make sure we manage our expectations as a community,” Aguilar said. “I know a lot of people are concerned about these reported crime trends and I don’t want the police department to be put in a situation where we treat any tool as a magic bullet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union echoed their concerns with the technology and wrote a letter to Berkeley City Council ahead of Tuesday’s vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ALPR systems represent a massive expansion of surveillance that frequently do not bring commensurate public safety benefits. Rather, in many circumstances, this technology causes more harm than good,” the letter reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to data privacy concerns, ACLU wrote that technologies like ALPRs are often deployed in disadvantaged neighborhoods and could disproportionately punish residents in those areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ALPR systems are easily misused to harm marginalized communities,” the ACLU wrote. “As with other surveillance technologies, police often deploy license plate readers in poor and historically overpoliced areas, regardless of crime rates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracy Rosenberg, advocacy director of Oakland Privacy, a citizens’ coalition that advocates for the regulation of surveillance technology, worries that the data collected by the scanners is susceptible to data breaches, and she’s skeptical over how the tool could prevent most types of crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve heard people saying it will prevent gun violence and a number of other things that it in very practical terms won’t do … So we have a situation where we’re using municipal resources for something that may not be able to deliver what people are being promised,” said Rosenberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do we really want the government tracking everywhere that our cars go and putting it into a cloud database online? These cloud databases can be leaky, things get hacked,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenberg similarly has concerns with a statewide speed camera pilot program that is currently working its way through the California Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, AB 645, would allow San Francisco, Oakland and San José to pilot an automated speed camera system, along with Los Angeles, Glendale and Long Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say it can help deter pedestrian accidents and other road collisions. Funding collected from speeding tickets, which can run from $50 to $500 depending on the violation, would be earmarked for street infrastructure improvement projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics like Rosenberg say that cities should first invest in infrastructure improvement, violence prevention programs, and building better roads, which can improve traffic and public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pointed to how cities like Oakland and Richmond have used license plate scanners for years, but continue to battle many of the same challenges as Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If these readers really stop and prevent crime,” she said, “then why on earth haven’t they been working in those cities?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Rachael Myrow contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Dozens of SAG-AFTRA members rallied outside Netflix headquarters in Los Gatos on Thursday, protesting declining pay and residuals in the streaming age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Netflix is just one of the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers (AMPTP) member companies that SAG-AFTRA is striking against. Others include the major motion picture studios, the principal broadcast television networks, and streaming services like Apple TV+ and Amazon, as well as Netflix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why pick on Netflix? The actors said in large part because Netflix is the streaming monster that \u003ca href=\"https://advanced-television.com/2022/11/18/report-streaming-37-of-us-tv-viewing-in-october/\">redefined the entertainment business\u003c/a> over the last 16 years, and it \u003ca href=\"https://www.nexttv.com/news/what-slow-start-streaming-for-netflixs-most-popular-shows-was-actually-up-5-through-the-first-six-weeks-of-2023\">continues to dominate\u003c/a> today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Tech is only going to grow. You know, streaming is only going to grow. So all we’re asking is that we grow with it,” said \u003ca href=\"https://rajivshahofficial.com\">Rajiv Shah\u003c/a>, a member of the Screen Actors Guild–American Federation of Television and Radio Artists for more than 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shah said he’s prepared to stay off movie and TV sets for as long as necessary to extract what he considers an equitable contract from the biggest companies in the business. [aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"proposition-22\"]“What everybody understands is this is setting a precedent for what’s going to come in the future because you see it in the gig economy and see how people are — their work is being utilized, but not fairly compensated,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wouldn’t be the first time Big Tech has gone up against Big Labor in California. In the state Legislature and at the ballot box, the “gig economy” has disrupted multiple labor markets. In stark terms, that’s because the shift to part-time work with minimal employer-provided benefits has taken money out of the pockets of rank-and-file workers and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11944344/no-reward-for-loyalty-gig-companies-winning-fight-to-classify-drivers-as-independent\">shifted it to the pockets of executives and investors\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SAG-AFTRA President Fran Drescher has said as much in her speeches. “What’s happening to us is happening across all fields of labor … Employers make Wall Street and greed their priority and they forget about the essential contributors that make the machine run,” she said announcing the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Watch: Fran Drescher delivers fiery speech on SAG-AFTRA strike\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/J4SAPOX7R5M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the latest \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBFcFWZ4hPs\">Netflix earnings call\u003c/a> last week, co-CEO Ted Sarandos was careful to note he was raised in a union household before he echoed the party line put forward by the AMPTP. “We’re super committed to getting to an agreement as soon as possible, one that’s equitable, and one that enables the industry and everybody in it, to move forward into the future,” he said.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Paola Tapia-Limón, member, Writers Guild of America\"]‘There’s always greed … people wanting to make the best products with the least amount of money. But … at least those people respected the art form. The tech companies, they don’t care. It’s just money to them.’[/pullquote]Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2023/digital/news/netflix-executive-compensation-2022-reed-hastings-ted-sarandos-1235591184/\">Sarandos made $50 million\u003c/a>. That’s not nearly as much as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/05/heres-how-much-the-10-highest-paid-us-ceos-earn.html\">highest-paid CEOs in the U.S.\u003c/a>, but the storyline of executives making billions while rank-and-file creatives suffer sticks in the craw of Writers Guild of America member Paola Tapia-Limón of Los Angeles. The WGA has been on strike since early May. “My last episode aired a while ago, and I did get residuals. But it’s still a ridiculous amount,” she told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even during what’s been called the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2022/12/14/23507793/streaming-wars-hbo-max-netflix-ads-residuals-warrior-nun\">golden age\u003c/a>” of streaming TV, with the rise of the writer-producer, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wgacontract2023.org/updates/bulletins/writers-are-not-keeping-up\">compensation for most writers has stagnated\u003c/a>, according to the WGA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that this has been happening just as Hollywood finally began to diversify in a meaningful way, allowing people like Tapia-Limón to build a middle-class career. “The thought of leaving the industry has definitely crossed my mind in my darkest moments. I’m not going to lie. But I also worked really hard to get here. It’s been over a decade, and I’m a little stubborn,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s different about this struggle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/past-hollywood-strikes-62de005f62e38dd09b38cd591ea26123\">Hollywood producers have played hardball\u003c/a> in every labor conflict for more than a century. Tapia-Limón knows “\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/19/business/nightcap-hollywood-accounting-strike/index.html\">fuzzy accounting\u003c/a>” in this business predates the entry of Big Tech. But, Tapia-Limón says, for deep-pocketed companies like Apple and Amazon, entertainment is just one of many things they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s always greed … people wanting to make the best products with the least amount of money. But … at least those people respected the art form. The tech companies, they don’t care. It’s just money to them,” Tapia-Limón said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11956195\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c.jpeg\" alt=\"An African American woman holds a SAG-AFTRA on STRIKE sign with protestors behind her holding the same signs.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11956195\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c-160x120.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SAG-AFTRA member Harley Ford of Vallejo at the rally in Los Gatos on Thursday. Ford said she’s ready for a long fight, because she believes this conflict is existential for humans, in yet another industry moving to replace as many as possible with artificial intelligence. ‘I mean, we get it. It’s here to stay. But let us bring the characters to life. Let an actual human do that,’ she said. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s sociopathic. It doesn’t make any sense to me. We’re not asking for them to give up their billions,” said Jorge Rivera, vice chair of the Latinx Writers Committee for WGA West. But he added he thinks it’s a mistake to demonize Big Tech alone. Wall Street, he said, and its demand for exponential growth is also playing a major part in the economic disruption of Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t just make a profit. You’ve got to grow that profit every year, and I don’t think that is a sustainable model for entertainment. Yeah, we can make billions a year, but can we multiply that by 100 every year? I don’t think so. That’s what they want,” Rivera said. This is in an era when \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/20/1188952468/is-the-tv-film-industry-collapsing-or-just-reshaping-itself-for-the-future\">people spend more time and money\u003c/a> on video games than movies, and more time watching YouTube than any TV network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happens next? By many accounts: artificial intelligence. Many writers and actors told KQED they fear they have a limited time before the big companies figure out how to minimize the human contributions to entertainment. The humans figure this is the last time they’ll be in a position to negotiate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Tech is only going to grow. You know, streaming is only going to grow. So all we’re asking is that we grow with it,” said \u003ca href=\"https://rajivshahofficial.com\">Rajiv Shah\u003c/a>, a member of the Screen Actors Guild–American Federation of Television and Radio Artists for more than 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shah said he’s prepared to stay off movie and TV sets for as long as necessary to extract what he considers an equitable contract from the biggest companies in the business. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“What everybody understands is this is setting a precedent for what’s going to come in the future because you see it in the gig economy and see how people are — their work is being utilized, but not fairly compensated,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wouldn’t be the first time Big Tech has gone up against Big Labor in California. In the state Legislature and at the ballot box, the “gig economy” has disrupted multiple labor markets. In stark terms, that’s because the shift to part-time work with minimal employer-provided benefits has taken money out of the pockets of rank-and-file workers and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11944344/no-reward-for-loyalty-gig-companies-winning-fight-to-classify-drivers-as-independent\">shifted it to the pockets of executives and investors\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SAG-AFTRA President Fran Drescher has said as much in her speeches. “What’s happening to us is happening across all fields of labor … Employers make Wall Street and greed their priority and they forget about the essential contributors that make the machine run,” she said announcing the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Watch: Fran Drescher delivers fiery speech on SAG-AFTRA strike\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/J4SAPOX7R5M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the latest \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBFcFWZ4hPs\">Netflix earnings call\u003c/a> last week, co-CEO Ted Sarandos was careful to note he was raised in a union household before he echoed the party line put forward by the AMPTP. “We’re super committed to getting to an agreement as soon as possible, one that’s equitable, and one that enables the industry and everybody in it, to move forward into the future,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2023/digital/news/netflix-executive-compensation-2022-reed-hastings-ted-sarandos-1235591184/\">Sarandos made $50 million\u003c/a>. That’s not nearly as much as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/05/heres-how-much-the-10-highest-paid-us-ceos-earn.html\">highest-paid CEOs in the U.S.\u003c/a>, but the storyline of executives making billions while rank-and-file creatives suffer sticks in the craw of Writers Guild of America member Paola Tapia-Limón of Los Angeles. The WGA has been on strike since early May. “My last episode aired a while ago, and I did get residuals. But it’s still a ridiculous amount,” she told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even during what’s been called the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2022/12/14/23507793/streaming-wars-hbo-max-netflix-ads-residuals-warrior-nun\">golden age\u003c/a>” of streaming TV, with the rise of the writer-producer, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wgacontract2023.org/updates/bulletins/writers-are-not-keeping-up\">compensation for most writers has stagnated\u003c/a>, according to the WGA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that this has been happening just as Hollywood finally began to diversify in a meaningful way, allowing people like Tapia-Limón to build a middle-class career. “The thought of leaving the industry has definitely crossed my mind in my darkest moments. I’m not going to lie. But I also worked really hard to get here. It’s been over a decade, and I’m a little stubborn,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s different about this struggle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/past-hollywood-strikes-62de005f62e38dd09b38cd591ea26123\">Hollywood producers have played hardball\u003c/a> in every labor conflict for more than a century. Tapia-Limón knows “\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/19/business/nightcap-hollywood-accounting-strike/index.html\">fuzzy accounting\u003c/a>” in this business predates the entry of Big Tech. But, Tapia-Limón says, for deep-pocketed companies like Apple and Amazon, entertainment is just one of many things they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s always greed … people wanting to make the best products with the least amount of money. But … at least those people respected the art form. The tech companies, they don’t care. It’s just money to them,” Tapia-Limón said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11956195\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c.jpeg\" alt=\"An African American woman holds a SAG-AFTRA on STRIKE sign with protestors behind her holding the same signs.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11956195\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/3D3444F1-1ABE-4C62-BB36-A78ED55AEAA4_1_105_c-160x120.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SAG-AFTRA member Harley Ford of Vallejo at the rally in Los Gatos on Thursday. Ford said she’s ready for a long fight, because she believes this conflict is existential for humans, in yet another industry moving to replace as many as possible with artificial intelligence. ‘I mean, we get it. It’s here to stay. But let us bring the characters to life. Let an actual human do that,’ she said. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s sociopathic. It doesn’t make any sense to me. We’re not asking for them to give up their billions,” said Jorge Rivera, vice chair of the Latinx Writers Committee for WGA West. But he added he thinks it’s a mistake to demonize Big Tech alone. Wall Street, he said, and its demand for exponential growth is also playing a major part in the economic disruption of Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t just make a profit. You’ve got to grow that profit every year, and I don’t think that is a sustainable model for entertainment. Yeah, we can make billions a year, but can we multiply that by 100 every year? I don’t think so. That’s what they want,” Rivera said. This is in an era when \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/20/1188952468/is-the-tv-film-industry-collapsing-or-just-reshaping-itself-for-the-future\">people spend more time and money\u003c/a> on video games than movies, and more time watching YouTube than any TV network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happens next? By many accounts: artificial intelligence. Many writers and actors told KQED they fear they have a limited time before the big companies figure out how to minimize the human contributions to entertainment. The humans figure this is the last time they’ll be in a position to negotiate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "stanford-university-president-to-resign-after-concerns-about-his-research",
"title": "Stanford University President to Resign After Concerns About His Research",
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"content": "\u003cp>The president of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/stanford-university\">Stanford University\u003c/a> said Wednesday he would resign, citing an \u003ca href=\"https://boardoftrustees.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2023/07/Scientific-Panel-Final-Report.pdf\">independent review (PDF)\u003c/a> that cleared him of research misconduct but found flaws in papers authored by his lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marc Tessier-Lavigne said in a statement to students and staff that he would step down Aug. 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resignation comes after the board of trustees launched a review in December following allegations he engaged in fraud and other unethical conduct related to his research and papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tessier-Lavigne said he “never submitted a scientific paper without firmly believing that the data were correct and accurately presented.” But he added he should have been more diligent in seeking corrections regarding his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review assessed 12 papers that Tessier-Lavigne worked on, and he is the principal author of five of them. He said he was aware of issues with four of the five papers, but acknowledged taking “insufficient” steps to deal with the issues. He said he’ll retract three of the papers and correct two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel reviewed a dozen scientific papers on which Tessier-Lavigne is listed as a co-author after allegations of misconduct aired on PubPeer, a website where members of the scientific community can raise issues or concerns regarding scientific publications, the report stated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More on Education' tag='education']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those comments were essentially ignored until November of 2022,” said Dr. Ivan Oransky, who teaches at \u003ca href=\"https://journalism.nyu.edu/about-us/profile/ivan-oransky-md/\">New York University’s Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute\u003c/a> and co-founded the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://retractionwatch.com/\">Retraction Watch\u003c/a>. He’s also on the board of directors for PubPeer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oransky told KQED that the rise of online publication of scientific journals has encouraged more scientists and reporters to discuss concerns in a variety of forums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s treat scientific error and frankly misconduct as the regular, frequent event that it is. There are 5,000 retractions a year now,” Oransky said. “I don’t know that they’re happening much more often. They’re in the news much more often.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The devil is always in the details,” Oransky went on, “so you don’t actually have to know about something to be responsible for it. I see a very common pattern of a leader who created and encouraged a culture of success above all else. … We must get these results and we must be able to publish them in these big journals because that’s how he (Tessier-Lavigne) continues to get grants and win support and get good positions. There was a deeper problem in that lab.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel cleared him of the most serious allegation, that a 2009 paper published in the scientific journal Nature, was the subject of a fraud investigation and that fraud was found. The paper proposed a model of neurodegeneration, which could have great potential for Alzheimer’s disease research and therapy, the panel wrote in its report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the panel also concluded the paper had multiple problems, including a lack of rigor in its development and that the research that went into the paper and its presentation contained “various errors and shortcomings.” The panel did not find evidence that Tessier-Lavigne was aware of the lack of rigor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review, however, did find that Tessier-Lavigne did not work hard enough to get some of the problematic papers retracted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Scientific Panel has concluded that at various times when concerns with Dr. Tessier-Lavigne’s papers emerged … [he] failed to decisively and forthrightly correct mistakes in the scientific record,” the review stated. “… timely correction or retraction and/or more forthright and transparent actions toward correcting the scientific record would have better-served science and all concerned.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Matthew Schrag, assistant professor of neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center\"]‘This is not one single episode — and this has been pointed out to him and to the scientific community in various forums for quite a lot of years.’[/pullquote]Matthew Schrag, assistant professor of neurology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, told KQED he understands how people could also look at this pattern as somewhat eyebrow-raising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not one single episode — and this has been pointed out to him and to the scientific community in various forums for quite a lot of years — to the point that you see that he initiated some corrective steps years ago that were never completed,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the supervising scientists become aware, they acquire a responsibility,” Schrag added. “It doesn’t mean they’re at fault for what happened, but they do have a responsibility to correct it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tessier-Lavigne said he’s stepping down because he expects continued debate about his ability to lead the university. He will remain on the faculty as a biology professor. He also said he will continue his research into brain development and neurodegeneration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has been president for nearly seven years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rachael-myrow\">Rachael Myrow\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The president of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/stanford-university\">Stanford University\u003c/a> said Wednesday he would resign, citing an \u003ca href=\"https://boardoftrustees.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2023/07/Scientific-Panel-Final-Report.pdf\">independent review (PDF)\u003c/a> that cleared him of research misconduct but found flaws in papers authored by his lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marc Tessier-Lavigne said in a statement to students and staff that he would step down Aug. 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resignation comes after the board of trustees launched a review in December following allegations he engaged in fraud and other unethical conduct related to his research and papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tessier-Lavigne said he “never submitted a scientific paper without firmly believing that the data were correct and accurately presented.” But he added he should have been more diligent in seeking corrections regarding his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review assessed 12 papers that Tessier-Lavigne worked on, and he is the principal author of five of them. He said he was aware of issues with four of the five papers, but acknowledged taking “insufficient” steps to deal with the issues. He said he’ll retract three of the papers and correct two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel reviewed a dozen scientific papers on which Tessier-Lavigne is listed as a co-author after allegations of misconduct aired on PubPeer, a website where members of the scientific community can raise issues or concerns regarding scientific publications, the report stated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those comments were essentially ignored until November of 2022,” said Dr. Ivan Oransky, who teaches at \u003ca href=\"https://journalism.nyu.edu/about-us/profile/ivan-oransky-md/\">New York University’s Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute\u003c/a> and co-founded the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://retractionwatch.com/\">Retraction Watch\u003c/a>. He’s also on the board of directors for PubPeer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oransky told KQED that the rise of online publication of scientific journals has encouraged more scientists and reporters to discuss concerns in a variety of forums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s treat scientific error and frankly misconduct as the regular, frequent event that it is. There are 5,000 retractions a year now,” Oransky said. “I don’t know that they’re happening much more often. They’re in the news much more often.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The devil is always in the details,” Oransky went on, “so you don’t actually have to know about something to be responsible for it. I see a very common pattern of a leader who created and encouraged a culture of success above all else. … We must get these results and we must be able to publish them in these big journals because that’s how he (Tessier-Lavigne) continues to get grants and win support and get good positions. There was a deeper problem in that lab.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel cleared him of the most serious allegation, that a 2009 paper published in the scientific journal Nature, was the subject of a fraud investigation and that fraud was found. The paper proposed a model of neurodegeneration, which could have great potential for Alzheimer’s disease research and therapy, the panel wrote in its report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the panel also concluded the paper had multiple problems, including a lack of rigor in its development and that the research that went into the paper and its presentation contained “various errors and shortcomings.” The panel did not find evidence that Tessier-Lavigne was aware of the lack of rigor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review, however, did find that Tessier-Lavigne did not work hard enough to get some of the problematic papers retracted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Scientific Panel has concluded that at various times when concerns with Dr. Tessier-Lavigne’s papers emerged … [he] failed to decisively and forthrightly correct mistakes in the scientific record,” the review stated. “… timely correction or retraction and/or more forthright and transparent actions toward correcting the scientific record would have better-served science and all concerned.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Matthew Schrag, assistant professor of neurology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, told KQED he understands how people could also look at this pattern as somewhat eyebrow-raising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not one single episode — and this has been pointed out to him and to the scientific community in various forums for quite a lot of years — to the point that you see that he initiated some corrective steps years ago that were never completed,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the supervising scientists become aware, they acquire a responsibility,” Schrag added. “It doesn’t mean they’re at fault for what happened, but they do have a responsibility to correct it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tessier-Lavigne said he’s stepping down because he expects continued debate about his ability to lead the university. He will remain on the faculty as a biology professor. He also said he will continue his research into brain development and neurodegeneration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has been president for nearly seven years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rachael-myrow\">Rachael Myrow\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "could-empty-offices-in-san-francisco-be-converted-to-homes",
"title": "Could Empty Offices in San Francisco Be Converted to Homes?",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1q7BNr6kOVbzQpP46ZuANDKQEgjwIpge7/view?usp=drive_link\">Read a transcript of this episode. \u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you watch national TV news — or eavesdrop at your local coffee shop — you may have heard something like this: San Francisco’s offices are lying vacant, homelessness is rampant, and the city is floundering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Judith Gottlieb, a retired nurse in Oakland, has been hearing some of those stories. And the idea of people sleeping on the street breaks her heart. One day, she got an idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I heard about all these empty office buildings in San Francisco, and I was thinking, couldn’t we just move [people] in there really quickly?” Gottlieb asked Bay Curious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Office vacancy is hovering around 30% in downtown San Francisco, and recently there’s been a lot of talk about converting all these empty offices to living space as a way to create much-needed housing and revive downtown at the same time. [baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unhoused need dignity. They need a roof over their head,” said Gottlieb. “Anything we can do is better than just waiting around.”\u003cbr>\nBay Curious looked into the economics of converting office space to housing in the city, and explored whether this is a good option for getting people off the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How difficult is conversion?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Offices have been converted to housing before in San Francisco, but only a handful of times, according to the San Francisco Planning Commission. But as far as the agency knows, it hasn’t been done for people experiencing homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A prime example of a market-rate conversion is 100 Van Ness, a 28-story, glass-covered tower just steps from Market Street and City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This tower first belonged to the California State Automobile Association and was built in the 1970s. Back then, it was a beige tower of concrete with small rectangular windows. Now its exterior is almost all glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955562\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11955562 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A white man wearing a suit smiles at the camera in the foreground. He's standing on the rooftop of a skyscraper. Behind him is a view of the San Francisco city skyline.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Strachan Forgan stands on the rooftop of 100 Van Ness. \u003ccite>(Pauline Bartolone/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We essentially took off the entire façade of the building and replaced it with this floor-to-ceiling glass,” said Strachan Forgan, a principal at SCB, the architectural firm that helped create the residential units in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a recent tour of 100 Van Ness, Forgan explained the complete transformation of the interior of the building. The once sprawling open floors of office space have been carved up into hundreds of luxury apartments. Only four of the original eight elevators remain, because residential settings have less need for elevators, according to Forgan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The converted apartments — ranging from $3,159 for a tiny studio to more than $6,000 for a roomy two-bedroom — are not without design quirks. Some are attractive, others less so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things residents may enjoy are the elevated ceilings — slightly higher than in your standard apartment. Developers also removed the heating and cooling machinery, which is typically kept on office building roofs, to make open leisure space instead, complete with chairs and 360-degree views of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has pretty spectacular views in every direction,” said Forgan, with a backdrop of the Marin Headlands, and the many hills of San Francisco, behind him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the downside, some apartments at Van Ness have fewer surface area for windows, so bedrooms use “borrowed light” from living spaces. Because the apartments are carved out of a vast open office floor, many of the apartments are long and deep, stretching from the window to the center elevators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, many apartments at 100 Van Ness have long, tunnel-like hallways with windows at the end. In one of the building’s one-bedroom units, a windowless bedroom in the middle of the layout has a semi-transparent wall to let in light from the living room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11954821\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11954821 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A large empty room with a glass sliding door and glass panels in one wall.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sliding door and light panels allow light through to an interior bedroom in a converted apartment at 100 Van Ness in San Francisco on June 30, 2023. Built in 1974, the building was converted from office space to residential apartment units in 2012. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When 100 Van Ness first opened to residents, units with windowless bedrooms were initially offered with significant discounts, but developers soon found that wasn’t necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Actually, the residents really like it because it’s very quiet,” said Forgan. “You’re away from the hustle and bustle. It can be a little darker, so if you’re sleeping there, it’s fine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It comes down to money\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Forgan’s firm wants to stay in this business of designing conversions of offices to housing. They see the value to downtown San Francisco, and the environment. Reusing an existing building has a smaller carbon footprint than knocking it down and starting from scratch.\u003cbr>\nSo why is this project one of only a handful of office-to-residential conversions in San Francisco?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps not surprisingly, it has largely to do with the high cost of housing development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a very basic level, there’s the cost of new plumbing and electrical. You need pipes for new kitchens and bathrooms. Then, a lot of these buildings need a seismic upgrade. Forgan says the kind of housing that would recoup costs of a conversion would be at the higher end of the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to buy the building and do everything to convert it. And by the time you add up those costs, the only thing that pencils [out] is more of a luxury product, especially with a building like this that has great views and a good location,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11954820\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11954820 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"People pass a sign on a city sidewalk advertising luxury apartments.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People pass by the entrance to the 100 Van Ness building in San Francisco on June 30, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Housing developers like the Emerald Fund, which backed 100 Van Ness, say they’re interested in doing more office-to-housing conversions. The raw construction costs of converting offices could actually be done more cheaply than building a brand-new apartment tower, says Marc Babsin, president of the fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Babsin says they’ve looked at four office buildings to convert recently, but so far, no new project has made sense cost-wise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We continue to look. We think this is a great idea from a public policy perspective. We do need to save our downtowns and this is a great way to do that, to bring people onto the street,” said Babsin. “It’s a great way to produce housing that is currently not being produced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public policy experts at the San Francisco Bay Area Planning and Urban Research Association (SPUR) agree that the hefty costs of development can make such a project a nonstarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sujata Srivastava, San Francisco director at SPUR, explained a few of the financial burdens that give housing developers pause:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>City fees that support public projects like child care programs and transportation, which can add up to millions of dollars.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Transfer and property taxes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reduced revenue potential, because San Francisco requires a certain number of units be affordable to lower-income tenants.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Construction costs, which are very expensive right now.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t really make any financial sense to do conversions under the current costs that we have in San Francisco,” said Srivastava, adding that housing development is even less likely because rents are also down since before the pandemic. “The math just doesn’t really work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent SPUR report suggests city lawmakers need to make major changes if they want to jump-start these conversions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco politicians have already made some changes, and are working on more. The Mayor’s Office and supervisors have relaxed rules about open space, sunlight and apartment sizes for some conversions. Elected city officials have proposed reducing affordable housing requirements and impact fees on all new housing developments, but not as low as developers want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all part of the city’s effort to jump-start more activity downtown and build more housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A solution for homelessness?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since the pandemic emptied out office space in the Financial District, downtown streets look vacant; pedestrians experience windy sidewalks, empty restaurants and sparse foot traffic. Graham Luth was sitting on the sidewalk on 2nd Street near Montgomery Street one recent Friday morning, trying to get money to go to Colorado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got evicted, sort of,” said Luth about being temporarily without a home. “I got a job offer but I’m short on bus money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked about this idea of sheltering people in empty office space downtown, Luth looked up at the tall buildings around him, and said, if no one’s using them, why not?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a fantastic idea because there is a lot of space that is just … sitting there,” said Luth. “So I guess just being able to figure out who owns the spaces and if … they’re not gaining or losing, that the space can be used for a matter that would help support the whole community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the city of San Francisco may have already found a different way to shelter people without housing: buying underused hotels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things that happened during the pandemic that … really kind of changed the landscape around solving homelessness was this idea of using hotels,” said Jennifer Friedenbach, executive director of the Coalition on Homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the pandemic, San Francisco and their partner organizations bought eight hotels and apartment buildings to provide permanent supportive housing to people who were formerly on the streets. It has created almost 1,000 new housing units for people without shelter. The city is in the process of acquiring two more buildings. [emailsignup newslettername=\"baycurious\" align=\"right\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result of San Francisco’s efforts, the unsheltered unhoused population has gone down 15% since 2020. That’s as homelessness in general has gone up around the state, according to the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks are getting housed,” said Friedenbach. “That has been really incredible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco used state COVID-19 money through Project Homekey and a local tax on large corporations, known to San Francisco voters as Proposition C, to purchase and operate the buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had unprecedented success during COVID,” said Shireen McSpadden, executive director of San Francisco’s Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing, about their recent efforts to house unsheltered people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The success is due to the enormous resources that were made available to them through Project Homekey and local tax dollars, said McSpadden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really showed what can happen when you can marshal resources,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedenbach says making housing out of hotel rooms is easier and cheaper because it already has living space infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the tourist hotels have larger rooms. You can turn them into studio apartments and have small kitchens,” Friedenbach said. “There’s all these design things you can do that are really cool and you’ve already got the pipes, the electricity, the water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With nationally owned hotels like the Hilton and Parc 55 abandoning their Union Square buildings, and the city’s recent track record of housing people in hotels, repurposing these newly abandoned buildings doesn’t seem like a wild idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Judith Gottlieb’s question, it seems that vacant hotels may be a better option for housing unsheltered people. But those vacant offices in the city’s core could one day be high-end housing, especially if lawmakers take more steps to make conversions cheaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1q7BNr6kOVbzQpP46ZuANDKQEgjwIpge7/view?usp=drive_link\">Read a transcript of this episode. \u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you watch national TV news — or eavesdrop at your local coffee shop — you may have heard something like this: San Francisco’s offices are lying vacant, homelessness is rampant, and the city is floundering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Judith Gottlieb, a retired nurse in Oakland, has been hearing some of those stories. And the idea of people sleeping on the street breaks her heart. One day, she got an idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I heard about all these empty office buildings in San Francisco, and I was thinking, couldn’t we just move [people] in there really quickly?” Gottlieb asked Bay Curious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Office vacancy is hovering around 30% in downtown San Francisco, and recently there’s been a lot of talk about converting all these empty offices to living space as a way to create much-needed housing and revive downtown at the same time. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unhoused need dignity. They need a roof over their head,” said Gottlieb. “Anything we can do is better than just waiting around.”\u003cbr>\nBay Curious looked into the economics of converting office space to housing in the city, and explored whether this is a good option for getting people off the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How difficult is conversion?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Offices have been converted to housing before in San Francisco, but only a handful of times, according to the San Francisco Planning Commission. But as far as the agency knows, it hasn’t been done for people experiencing homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A prime example of a market-rate conversion is 100 Van Ness, a 28-story, glass-covered tower just steps from Market Street and City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This tower first belonged to the California State Automobile Association and was built in the 1970s. Back then, it was a beige tower of concrete with small rectangular windows. Now its exterior is almost all glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955562\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11955562 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A white man wearing a suit smiles at the camera in the foreground. He's standing on the rooftop of a skyscraper. Behind him is a view of the San Francisco city skyline.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/IMG_6909-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Strachan Forgan stands on the rooftop of 100 Van Ness. \u003ccite>(Pauline Bartolone/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We essentially took off the entire façade of the building and replaced it with this floor-to-ceiling glass,” said Strachan Forgan, a principal at SCB, the architectural firm that helped create the residential units in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a recent tour of 100 Van Ness, Forgan explained the complete transformation of the interior of the building. The once sprawling open floors of office space have been carved up into hundreds of luxury apartments. Only four of the original eight elevators remain, because residential settings have less need for elevators, according to Forgan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The converted apartments — ranging from $3,159 for a tiny studio to more than $6,000 for a roomy two-bedroom — are not without design quirks. Some are attractive, others less so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things residents may enjoy are the elevated ceilings — slightly higher than in your standard apartment. Developers also removed the heating and cooling machinery, which is typically kept on office building roofs, to make open leisure space instead, complete with chairs and 360-degree views of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has pretty spectacular views in every direction,” said Forgan, with a backdrop of the Marin Headlands, and the many hills of San Francisco, behind him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the downside, some apartments at Van Ness have fewer surface area for windows, so bedrooms use “borrowed light” from living spaces. Because the apartments are carved out of a vast open office floor, many of the apartments are long and deep, stretching from the window to the center elevators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, many apartments at 100 Van Ness have long, tunnel-like hallways with windows at the end. In one of the building’s one-bedroom units, a windowless bedroom in the middle of the layout has a semi-transparent wall to let in light from the living room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11954821\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11954821 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A large empty room with a glass sliding door and glass panels in one wall.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-14-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sliding door and light panels allow light through to an interior bedroom in a converted apartment at 100 Van Ness in San Francisco on June 30, 2023. Built in 1974, the building was converted from office space to residential apartment units in 2012. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When 100 Van Ness first opened to residents, units with windowless bedrooms were initially offered with significant discounts, but developers soon found that wasn’t necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Actually, the residents really like it because it’s very quiet,” said Forgan. “You’re away from the hustle and bustle. It can be a little darker, so if you’re sleeping there, it’s fine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It comes down to money\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Forgan’s firm wants to stay in this business of designing conversions of offices to housing. They see the value to downtown San Francisco, and the environment. Reusing an existing building has a smaller carbon footprint than knocking it down and starting from scratch.\u003cbr>\nSo why is this project one of only a handful of office-to-residential conversions in San Francisco?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps not surprisingly, it has largely to do with the high cost of housing development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a very basic level, there’s the cost of new plumbing and electrical. You need pipes for new kitchens and bathrooms. Then, a lot of these buildings need a seismic upgrade. Forgan says the kind of housing that would recoup costs of a conversion would be at the higher end of the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to buy the building and do everything to convert it. And by the time you add up those costs, the only thing that pencils [out] is more of a luxury product, especially with a building like this that has great views and a good location,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11954820\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11954820 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"People pass a sign on a city sidewalk advertising luxury apartments.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630-100-VAN-NESS-MHN-10-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People pass by the entrance to the 100 Van Ness building in San Francisco on June 30, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Housing developers like the Emerald Fund, which backed 100 Van Ness, say they’re interested in doing more office-to-housing conversions. The raw construction costs of converting offices could actually be done more cheaply than building a brand-new apartment tower, says Marc Babsin, president of the fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Babsin says they’ve looked at four office buildings to convert recently, but so far, no new project has made sense cost-wise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We continue to look. We think this is a great idea from a public policy perspective. We do need to save our downtowns and this is a great way to do that, to bring people onto the street,” said Babsin. “It’s a great way to produce housing that is currently not being produced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public policy experts at the San Francisco Bay Area Planning and Urban Research Association (SPUR) agree that the hefty costs of development can make such a project a nonstarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sujata Srivastava, San Francisco director at SPUR, explained a few of the financial burdens that give housing developers pause:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>City fees that support public projects like child care programs and transportation, which can add up to millions of dollars.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Transfer and property taxes.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reduced revenue potential, because San Francisco requires a certain number of units be affordable to lower-income tenants.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Construction costs, which are very expensive right now.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t really make any financial sense to do conversions under the current costs that we have in San Francisco,” said Srivastava, adding that housing development is even less likely because rents are also down since before the pandemic. “The math just doesn’t really work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent SPUR report suggests city lawmakers need to make major changes if they want to jump-start these conversions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco politicians have already made some changes, and are working on more. The Mayor’s Office and supervisors have relaxed rules about open space, sunlight and apartment sizes for some conversions. Elected city officials have proposed reducing affordable housing requirements and impact fees on all new housing developments, but not as low as developers want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all part of the city’s effort to jump-start more activity downtown and build more housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A solution for homelessness?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since the pandemic emptied out office space in the Financial District, downtown streets look vacant; pedestrians experience windy sidewalks, empty restaurants and sparse foot traffic. Graham Luth was sitting on the sidewalk on 2nd Street near Montgomery Street one recent Friday morning, trying to get money to go to Colorado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got evicted, sort of,” said Luth about being temporarily without a home. “I got a job offer but I’m short on bus money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked about this idea of sheltering people in empty office space downtown, Luth looked up at the tall buildings around him, and said, if no one’s using them, why not?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a fantastic idea because there is a lot of space that is just … sitting there,” said Luth. “So I guess just being able to figure out who owns the spaces and if … they’re not gaining or losing, that the space can be used for a matter that would help support the whole community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the city of San Francisco may have already found a different way to shelter people without housing: buying underused hotels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the things that happened during the pandemic that … really kind of changed the landscape around solving homelessness was this idea of using hotels,” said Jennifer Friedenbach, executive director of the Coalition on Homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the pandemic, San Francisco and their partner organizations bought eight hotels and apartment buildings to provide permanent supportive housing to people who were formerly on the streets. It has created almost 1,000 new housing units for people without shelter. The city is in the process of acquiring two more buildings. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
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