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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump, speaking on Wednesday to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668754/trump-gathers-like-minded-california-leaders-rails-against-sanctuary-policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gathering of officials from California who oppose the state's \"sanctuary\" law\u003c/a>, compared some people who illegally cross the U.S. southern border to \"animals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a White House roundtable discussion with law enforcement officials and political leaders, Fresno County Sheriff Margaret Mims expressed frustration that a California law signed last year by Gov. Jerry Brown forbids informing U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) of undocumented immigrants in the state's jails, even if police believe they are part of a gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There could be an MS-13 member I know about — if they don't reach a certain threshold, I cannot tell ICE about it,\" Mims said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's response: \"We have people coming into the country — or trying to come in, we're stopping a lot of them — but we're taking people out of the country, you wouldn't believe how bad these people are. These aren't people. These are animals,\" the president said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the remark drew criticism and sparked a debate over which people Trump meant to include within the scope of his remarks, counselor to the president Kellyanne Conway said people had \"rushed to judgment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conway added that both the president and people who have lost loved ones to gang violence \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KellyannePolls/status/997096924783235073\">are owed an apology\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Wednesday's event, the president thanked attendees at the roundtable who he said had \"bravely resisted California's deadly and unconstitutional sanctuary state laws.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These laws force \"the release of illegal immigrant criminals, drug dealers, gang members and violent predators into your communities\" and provide \"safe harbor to some of the most vicious and violent offenders on Earth,\" the president said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Brown tweeted out later that the president \"is lying on immigration, lying about crime and lying about the laws of CA.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/JerryBrownGov/status/996846319330209792\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Associated Press notes, \"Brown insists the legislation, which took effect Jan. 1, doesn't prevent federal immigration officials from doing their jobs. But the Trump administration has sued to reverse it, calling the policies unconstitutional and dangerous. Some counties, including San Diego and Orange, have voted to support the lawsuit or passed their own anti-sanctuary resolutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite evidence to the contrary, Trump has repeatedly insisted that illegal immigration to the U.S. is contributing to a wave of crime. During the 2016 campaign, he famously referred to immigrants from Mexico as \"bad hombres\" and said most were \"drug dealers, criminals, rapists.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing one study conducted by four universities, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/03/30/upshot/crime-immigration-myth.html\">the New York Times wrote\u003c/a> in March that data show \"a large majority of the [metropolitan] areas have many more immigrants today than they did in 1980 and fewer violent crimes. The Marshall Project extended the study's data up to 2016, showing that crime fell more often than it rose even as immigrant populations grew almost across the board.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Times: \"In 136 metro areas, almost 70 percent of those studied, the immigrant population increased between 1980 and 2016 while crime stayed stable or fell. The number of areas where crime and immigration both increased was much lower — 54 areas, slightly more than a quarter of the total. The 10 places with the largest increases in immigrants all had lower levels of crime in 2016 than in 1980.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=During+Roundtable%2C+Trump+Calls+Some+Unauthorized+Immigrants+%27Animals%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "During the discussion on California's \"sanctuary law,\" the president said of immigrants suspected of gang membership, \"These aren't people. These are animals.\"",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump, speaking on Wednesday to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11668754/trump-gathers-like-minded-california-leaders-rails-against-sanctuary-policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gathering of officials from California who oppose the state's \"sanctuary\" law\u003c/a>, compared some people who illegally cross the U.S. southern border to \"animals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a White House roundtable discussion with law enforcement officials and political leaders, Fresno County Sheriff Margaret Mims expressed frustration that a California law signed last year by Gov. Jerry Brown forbids informing U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) of undocumented immigrants in the state's jails, even if police believe they are part of a gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There could be an MS-13 member I know about — if they don't reach a certain threshold, I cannot tell ICE about it,\" Mims said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's response: \"We have people coming into the country — or trying to come in, we're stopping a lot of them — but we're taking people out of the country, you wouldn't believe how bad these people are. These aren't people. These are animals,\" the president said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the remark drew criticism and sparked a debate over which people Trump meant to include within the scope of his remarks, counselor to the president Kellyanne Conway said people had \"rushed to judgment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conway added that both the president and people who have lost loved ones to gang violence \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KellyannePolls/status/997096924783235073\">are owed an apology\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Wednesday's event, the president thanked attendees at the roundtable who he said had \"bravely resisted California's deadly and unconstitutional sanctuary state laws.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These laws force \"the release of illegal immigrant criminals, drug dealers, gang members and violent predators into your communities\" and provide \"safe harbor to some of the most vicious and violent offenders on Earth,\" the president said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Brown tweeted out later that the president \"is lying on immigration, lying about crime and lying about the laws of CA.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>As the Associated Press notes, \"Brown insists the legislation, which took effect Jan. 1, doesn't prevent federal immigration officials from doing their jobs. But the Trump administration has sued to reverse it, calling the policies unconstitutional and dangerous. Some counties, including San Diego and Orange, have voted to support the lawsuit or passed their own anti-sanctuary resolutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite evidence to the contrary, Trump has repeatedly insisted that illegal immigration to the U.S. is contributing to a wave of crime. During the 2016 campaign, he famously referred to immigrants from Mexico as \"bad hombres\" and said most were \"drug dealers, criminals, rapists.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing one study conducted by four universities, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/03/30/upshot/crime-immigration-myth.html\">the New York Times wrote\u003c/a> in March that data show \"a large majority of the [metropolitan] areas have many more immigrants today than they did in 1980 and fewer violent crimes. The Marshall Project extended the study's data up to 2016, showing that crime fell more often than it rose even as immigrant populations grew almost across the board.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Times: \"In 136 metro areas, almost 70 percent of those studied, the immigrant population increased between 1980 and 2016 while crime stayed stable or fell. The number of areas where crime and immigration both increased was much lower — 54 areas, slightly more than a quarter of the total. The 10 places with the largest increases in immigrants all had lower levels of crime in 2016 than in 1980.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=During+Roundtable%2C+Trump+Calls+Some+Unauthorized+Immigrants+%27Animals%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump Gathers Like-Minded California Leaders, Rails Against ’Sanctuary’ Policies",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>WASHINGTON — President Donald Trump on Wednesday hammered California for its so-called sanctuary immigration policies, in what appeared to be his latest push to embolden his base leading into the midterm elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the debate over immigration heats up on Capitol Hill, Trump surrounded himself with mayors, sheriffs and other local leaders from California who oppose the state's immigration policies and who applauded his administration's hard-line efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also called for an obstruction of justice investigation into Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652084/oakland-mayor-warns-immigration-arrests-could-hit-bay-area-sunday\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">warning the public about an impeding federal immigration roundup\u003c/a> in February. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654570/trump-says-u-s-is-looking-into-oakland-mayor-libby-schaafs-immigration-raid-warning\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trump said\u003c/a> \"what the mayor of Oakland did ... was a disgrace. It's certainly something that we're looking at with respect to her individually.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Wednesday's meeting, Trump addressed his remarks directly to U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You talk about obstruction of justice. I would recommend that you look at obstruction of justice for the mayor of Oakland,\" Trump said, nodding in Sessions' direction. \"To me that's obstruction of justice. Perhaps the Department of Justice can look into that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attendees of Wednesday's meeting from California were eager to align themselves with the Trump administration's policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is your Republican resistance right here against what they're doing in California,\" said California Assemblywoman Melissa Melendez, coopting a term used by Democrats opposed to Trump's presidency. She, like others, said the president and his policies were far more popular in the state than people realize.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667842/rebelling-against-californias-sanctuary-laws-from-inside-california\">Rebelling Against California's 'Sanctuary' Laws -- From Inside California\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667842/rebelling-against-californias-sanctuary-laws-from-inside-california\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/LosAlamitosSign-1180x798.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"It's a crisis,\" Melendez said of the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were responding to legislation signed into law by Gov. Jerry Brown last year that bars police from asking people about their immigration status or helping federal agents with immigration enforcement. Jail officials can transfer inmates to federal immigration authorities if they have been convicted of one of about 800 crimes, mostly felonies, but not for minor offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown insists the legislation, which took effect Jan. 1, doesn't prevent federal immigration officials from doing their jobs. But the Trump administration has sued to reverse it, calling the policies unconstitutional and dangerous. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties, including San Diego and Orange, have voted to support the lawsuit or passed their own anti-sanctuary resolutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans see backlash to the law as a potentially galvanizing issue during the midterm elections, especially with Trump's anti-immigrant base. And Trump has held numerous events in recent months during which he's drawn attention to California's policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Wednesday's session, Trump thanked the officials, saying they had \"bravely resisted California's deadly and unconstitutional sanctuary state laws.\" He claimed those laws are forcing \"the release of illegal immigrant criminals, drug dealers, gang members and violent predators into your communities\" and providing \"safe harbor to some of the most vicious and violent offenders on earth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMsiYUjta-s\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also claimed opposition to the policies was growing, insisting, \"There's a revolution going on in California.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He referred to some who cross the border illegally as \"animals,\" not people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown responded on Twitter, writing that Trump \"is lying on immigration, lying about crime and lying about the laws of CA.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic governor added: \"Flying in a dozen Republican politicians to flatter him and praise his reckless policies changes nothing. We, the citizens of the fifth largest economy in the world, are not impressed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/JerryBrownGov/status/996846319330209792\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event came as top House Republicans worked to head off an attempt by party moderates to force roll calls on four immigration bills. Republican leaders privately warned GOP lawmakers Wednesday that such a drive could damage the party's prospects in the fall's congressional elections by dispiriting conservative voters, according to people at the closed-door meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House leaders fear the winning legislation would be a compromise bill backed solidly by Democrats but opposed by most Republicans, an outcome that could anger conservatives, according to Rep. Jeff Denham, R-Calif., a leader of the effort to force the immigration votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., issued the warning, said a second person who was in the room and spoke on condition of anonymity to describe the private conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about his remarks, McCarthy said his objection to the procedure was that it would in effect \"turn the floor over\" to Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Paul Ryan said the petition would be \"a big mistake\" that would \"disunify our majority.\" He said the leaders were \"working with the administration.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The moderates said later Wednesday that House leaders were trying to end the immigration standoff and that they could soon see a specific proposal on how to do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're willing to see what this looks like,\" said Rep. Carlos Curbelo, R-Fla., a leader of the lawmakers trying to force the House to address the issue. Conservatives had their own session with party leaders and also suggested there had been movement, but offered no specifics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the legislators demanding action face potentially competitive re-election races in congressional districts with large numbers of Hispanic, suburban or agriculture-industry voters with pro-immigration views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, competing bills aimed at protecting young immigrants and toughening border security — including one backed by Trump — collapsed in the Senate. The measures never received House votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Trump Wrongly Blames Democrats for Separating Families\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The discussion also comes as the Trump administration is under fire for a new policy that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667065/sessions-says-zero-tolerance-policy-for-border-crossers-may-split-families\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">expected to increase the number of children separated from their parents\u003c/a> when families cross the border illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, in his remarks, wrongly blamed Democrats for forcing his administration's hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know what you're going through right now with families is very tough,\" he told Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen, \"but those are the bad laws that the Democrats gave us. We have to break up families ... because of the Democrats. It's terrible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667065/sessions-says-zero-tolerance-policy-for-border-crossers-may-split-families\">Sessions Says ‘Zero Tolerance’ Policy for Border Crossers May Split Families\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667065/sessions-says-zero-tolerance-policy-for-border-crossers-may-split-families\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/JeffSessions-1180x755.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But no law \"the Democrats gave us\" mandates the separation of children from their parents at the border. The administration is using protocols described in a 2008 law designed to combat child trafficking that gave special protections to Central American children at the border. While the bill was authored by Democratic Sen. Dianne Feinstein, it unanimously passed both houses of Congress and was signed by Republican President George W. Bush as one of his last acts in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen on Tuesday defended the practice, telling a Senate committee that removing children from parents facing criminal charges happens \"in the United States every day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also told Nielsen that she was \"doing a good job,\" one week after berating her during a cabinet meeting for failing to halt border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein issued a statement accusing the Trump administration of \"once again attempting to divide Californians and all Americans with today's White House meeting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their decision to convene this meeting is about fueling fear of immigrants and scapegoating entire communities,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED News staff.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Alan Fram in Washington, Kathleen Ronayne in Sacramento and Elliot Spagat in San Diego contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>WASHINGTON — President Donald Trump on Wednesday hammered California for its so-called sanctuary immigration policies, in what appeared to be his latest push to embolden his base leading into the midterm elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the debate over immigration heats up on Capitol Hill, Trump surrounded himself with mayors, sheriffs and other local leaders from California who oppose the state's immigration policies and who applauded his administration's hard-line efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also called for an obstruction of justice investigation into Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652084/oakland-mayor-warns-immigration-arrests-could-hit-bay-area-sunday\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">warning the public about an impeding federal immigration roundup\u003c/a> in February. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654570/trump-says-u-s-is-looking-into-oakland-mayor-libby-schaafs-immigration-raid-warning\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trump said\u003c/a> \"what the mayor of Oakland did ... was a disgrace. It's certainly something that we're looking at with respect to her individually.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Wednesday's meeting, Trump addressed his remarks directly to U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You talk about obstruction of justice. I would recommend that you look at obstruction of justice for the mayor of Oakland,\" Trump said, nodding in Sessions' direction. \"To me that's obstruction of justice. Perhaps the Department of Justice can look into that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attendees of Wednesday's meeting from California were eager to align themselves with the Trump administration's policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is your Republican resistance right here against what they're doing in California,\" said California Assemblywoman Melissa Melendez, coopting a term used by Democrats opposed to Trump's presidency. She, like others, said the president and his policies were far more popular in the state than people realize.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667842/rebelling-against-californias-sanctuary-laws-from-inside-california\">Rebelling Against California's 'Sanctuary' Laws -- From Inside California\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667842/rebelling-against-californias-sanctuary-laws-from-inside-california\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/LosAlamitosSign-1180x798.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"It's a crisis,\" Melendez said of the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were responding to legislation signed into law by Gov. Jerry Brown last year that bars police from asking people about their immigration status or helping federal agents with immigration enforcement. Jail officials can transfer inmates to federal immigration authorities if they have been convicted of one of about 800 crimes, mostly felonies, but not for minor offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown insists the legislation, which took effect Jan. 1, doesn't prevent federal immigration officials from doing their jobs. But the Trump administration has sued to reverse it, calling the policies unconstitutional and dangerous. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties, including San Diego and Orange, have voted to support the lawsuit or passed their own anti-sanctuary resolutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans see backlash to the law as a potentially galvanizing issue during the midterm elections, especially with Trump's anti-immigrant base. And Trump has held numerous events in recent months during which he's drawn attention to California's policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Wednesday's session, Trump thanked the officials, saying they had \"bravely resisted California's deadly and unconstitutional sanctuary state laws.\" He claimed those laws are forcing \"the release of illegal immigrant criminals, drug dealers, gang members and violent predators into your communities\" and providing \"safe harbor to some of the most vicious and violent offenders on earth.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/VMsiYUjta-s'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/VMsiYUjta-s'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Trump also claimed opposition to the policies was growing, insisting, \"There's a revolution going on in California.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He referred to some who cross the border illegally as \"animals,\" not people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown responded on Twitter, writing that Trump \"is lying on immigration, lying about crime and lying about the laws of CA.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic governor added: \"Flying in a dozen Republican politicians to flatter him and praise his reckless policies changes nothing. We, the citizens of the fifth largest economy in the world, are not impressed.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The event came as top House Republicans worked to head off an attempt by party moderates to force roll calls on four immigration bills. Republican leaders privately warned GOP lawmakers Wednesday that such a drive could damage the party's prospects in the fall's congressional elections by dispiriting conservative voters, according to people at the closed-door meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House leaders fear the winning legislation would be a compromise bill backed solidly by Democrats but opposed by most Republicans, an outcome that could anger conservatives, according to Rep. Jeff Denham, R-Calif., a leader of the effort to force the immigration votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., issued the warning, said a second person who was in the room and spoke on condition of anonymity to describe the private conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about his remarks, McCarthy said his objection to the procedure was that it would in effect \"turn the floor over\" to Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Paul Ryan said the petition would be \"a big mistake\" that would \"disunify our majority.\" He said the leaders were \"working with the administration.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The moderates said later Wednesday that House leaders were trying to end the immigration standoff and that they could soon see a specific proposal on how to do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're willing to see what this looks like,\" said Rep. Carlos Curbelo, R-Fla., a leader of the lawmakers trying to force the House to address the issue. Conservatives had their own session with party leaders and also suggested there had been movement, but offered no specifics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the legislators demanding action face potentially competitive re-election races in congressional districts with large numbers of Hispanic, suburban or agriculture-industry voters with pro-immigration views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, competing bills aimed at protecting young immigrants and toughening border security — including one backed by Trump — collapsed in the Senate. The measures never received House votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Trump Wrongly Blames Democrats for Separating Families\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The discussion also comes as the Trump administration is under fire for a new policy that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667065/sessions-says-zero-tolerance-policy-for-border-crossers-may-split-families\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">expected to increase the number of children separated from their parents\u003c/a> when families cross the border illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, in his remarks, wrongly blamed Democrats for forcing his administration's hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know what you're going through right now with families is very tough,\" he told Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen, \"but those are the bad laws that the Democrats gave us. We have to break up families ... because of the Democrats. It's terrible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667065/sessions-says-zero-tolerance-policy-for-border-crossers-may-split-families\">Sessions Says ‘Zero Tolerance’ Policy for Border Crossers May Split Families\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667065/sessions-says-zero-tolerance-policy-for-border-crossers-may-split-families\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/JeffSessions-1180x755.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But no law \"the Democrats gave us\" mandates the separation of children from their parents at the border. The administration is using protocols described in a 2008 law designed to combat child trafficking that gave special protections to Central American children at the border. While the bill was authored by Democratic Sen. Dianne Feinstein, it unanimously passed both houses of Congress and was signed by Republican President George W. Bush as one of his last acts in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nielsen on Tuesday defended the practice, telling a Senate committee that removing children from parents facing criminal charges happens \"in the United States every day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also told Nielsen that she was \"doing a good job,\" one week after berating her during a cabinet meeting for failing to halt border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein issued a statement accusing the Trump administration of \"once again attempting to divide Californians and all Americans with today's White House meeting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their decision to convene this meeting is about fueling fear of immigrants and scapegoating entire communities,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED News staff.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Alan Fram in Washington, Kathleen Ronayne in Sacramento and Elliot Spagat in San Diego contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/noak2GiPD3H\">struck down Oakland’s ban on coal shipments\u003c/a>, faulting studies the City Council relied on to institute the ban as “riddled with inaccuracies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after U.S. District Judge Vince Chhabria issued the blunt legal blow on Tuesday, Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf tweeted, “this is not over.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LibbySchaaf/status/996530011497676800\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city has been battling Phil Tagami — developer of the Oakland Bulk and Oversize Terminal — ever since word leaked in 2015 that the Oakland terminal was to handle coal shipments from Utah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Senate approved a resolution Wednesday to nullify the Federal Communications Commission’s net neutrality rollback, dealing a symbolic blow to the FCC’s new rule that remains on track to take effect next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final vote was 52-47. As expected, Sen. Susan Collins, R-Me., joined Democrats in voting to overturn the FCC’s controversial decision. But two other Republicans — Sen. John Kennedy of Louisiana and Sen. Lisa Murkowski of Alaska — also voted in favor of the resolution of disapproval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcome is unlikely to derail the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/transcript/transcript.php?storyId=570526390\">FCC’s repeal of Obama-era rules\u003c/a> that restrict internet service providers’ ability to slow down or speed up users’ access to specific websites and apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislative victory is fleeting because the House does not intend to take similar action, but Democrats are planning to carry the political fight over internet access into the 2018 midterms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today is a monumental day,” said Sen. Edward Markey, D-Mass., during debate over the resolution. “Today we show the American people who sides with them, and who sides with the powerful special interests and corporate donors who are thriving under this administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the FCC rollback say they’re worried about consumers being forced to pay more for less consistent or slower service. FCC Chairman Ajit Pai, part of the Republican majority, has said the Obama rule was “heavy-handed” and isn’t needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Markey described a coalition of internet voters that bridge the usual philosophical party lines when it comes to government regulation. “The grandparents, the gamers, the gearheads, the geeks, the gif-makers, the Generations X, Y, and Z. This movement to save net neutrality is made up of every walk of American life,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651629\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651629\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Federal Communications Commission Chairman Ajit Pai.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Federal Communications Commission Chairman Ajit Pai. \u003ccite>(Alex Wong/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Republicans overwhelmingly support ending net neutrality because they want to shift regulatory power away from the federal government and toward the private market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans also argue that Democrats are playing on unfounded fears that internet service providers will jack up costs and anger their consumer base. “If the Democrats want to run on regulating the internet, I think that’s a losing strategy,” said Sen. Cory Gardner, R-Colo., who runs the Senate GOP’s 2018 campaign operation and voted against the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This issue doesn’t cut along clean party lines, said Steven Kull, who runs the Program for Public Consultation at the University of Maryland and has studied public attitudes on net neutrality. The program’s research has found that majorities of Americans support government-mandated net neutrality protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are on the internet a lot and it’s a big part of their daily experience and the prospect that it will be changed in some fundamental way is disturbing to quite a lot of them,” Kull said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/611598361/611727888\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fear is a great motivator for voters. Senate Democrats believe their resolution that put every Democrat on record in support of net neutrality — and most Republicans on record against it — can turn what was once considered a wonk issue, into a wedge issue this November. “People underestimate the passion of internet voters, at their peril. They are mad, and they want to know what they can do, and this vote will make things crystal clear,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans like Rep. Scott Taylor of Virginia think Democrats are wrong on the policy of net neutrality, and that eliminating FCC rules will expand competition and consumer choice. However, he concedes that Democrats have done a better job of selling their message to voters and says there could be consequences if Republicans don’t engage more directly with voters on an issue they care about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important Republicans have a clear and concise message to tell them why net neutrality, while it sounds good, and maybe it’s even well intended, is not the right answer for them,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Net neutrality” doesn’t make for catchy campaign slogans, but there are indicators that voters are clocking this issue. According to data provided by Google, net neutrality regularly ranks among top political searches in each state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Pennsylvania and Nebraska, which held their primary elections on Tuesday, it ranked second in political searches behind health care. “This is one of those areas where Washington, D.C., sometimes gets in a bubble and doesn’t recognize what’s going on in the rest of the country,” said Sen. Chris Van Hollen, D-Md., who runs the Senate Democrats’ 2018 campaign operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kull is more skeptical that net neutrality will be a potent voter motivator this year unless people start to see changes to their internet costs, speed or access. Voters may know soon enough: The Obama-era net neutrality rules expire June 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Senate+Approves+Overturning+FCC%27s+Net+Neutrality+Repeal&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Senate approved a resolution Wednesday to nullify the Federal Communications Commission’s net neutrality rollback, dealing a symbolic blow to the FCC’s new rule that remains on track to take effect next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final vote was 52-47. As expected, Sen. Susan Collins, R-Me., joined Democrats in voting to overturn the FCC’s controversial decision. But two other Republicans — Sen. John Kennedy of Louisiana and Sen. Lisa Murkowski of Alaska — also voted in favor of the resolution of disapproval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcome is unlikely to derail the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/transcript/transcript.php?storyId=570526390\">FCC’s repeal of Obama-era rules\u003c/a> that restrict internet service providers’ ability to slow down or speed up users’ access to specific websites and apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislative victory is fleeting because the House does not intend to take similar action, but Democrats are planning to carry the political fight over internet access into the 2018 midterms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today is a monumental day,” said Sen. Edward Markey, D-Mass., during debate over the resolution. “Today we show the American people who sides with them, and who sides with the powerful special interests and corporate donors who are thriving under this administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the FCC rollback say they’re worried about consumers being forced to pay more for less consistent or slower service. FCC Chairman Ajit Pai, part of the Republican majority, has said the Obama rule was “heavy-handed” and isn’t needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Markey described a coalition of internet voters that bridge the usual philosophical party lines when it comes to government regulation. “The grandparents, the gamers, the gearheads, the geeks, the gif-makers, the Generations X, Y, and Z. This movement to save net neutrality is made up of every walk of American life,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651629\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651629\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Federal Communications Commission Chairman Ajit Pai.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/FCCAjit-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Federal Communications Commission Chairman Ajit Pai. \u003ccite>(Alex Wong/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Republicans overwhelmingly support ending net neutrality because they want to shift regulatory power away from the federal government and toward the private market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans also argue that Democrats are playing on unfounded fears that internet service providers will jack up costs and anger their consumer base. “If the Democrats want to run on regulating the internet, I think that’s a losing strategy,” said Sen. Cory Gardner, R-Colo., who runs the Senate GOP’s 2018 campaign operation and voted against the resolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This issue doesn’t cut along clean party lines, said Steven Kull, who runs the Program for Public Consultation at the University of Maryland and has studied public attitudes on net neutrality. The program’s research has found that majorities of Americans support government-mandated net neutrality protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are on the internet a lot and it’s a big part of their daily experience and the prospect that it will be changed in some fundamental way is disturbing to quite a lot of them,” Kull said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/611598361/611727888\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fear is a great motivator for voters. Senate Democrats believe their resolution that put every Democrat on record in support of net neutrality — and most Republicans on record against it — can turn what was once considered a wonk issue, into a wedge issue this November. “People underestimate the passion of internet voters, at their peril. They are mad, and they want to know what they can do, and this vote will make things crystal clear,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans like Rep. Scott Taylor of Virginia think Democrats are wrong on the policy of net neutrality, and that eliminating FCC rules will expand competition and consumer choice. However, he concedes that Democrats have done a better job of selling their message to voters and says there could be consequences if Republicans don’t engage more directly with voters on an issue they care about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important Republicans have a clear and concise message to tell them why net neutrality, while it sounds good, and maybe it’s even well intended, is not the right answer for them,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Net neutrality” doesn’t make for catchy campaign slogans, but there are indicators that voters are clocking this issue. According to data provided by Google, net neutrality regularly ranks among top political searches in each state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Pennsylvania and Nebraska, which held their primary elections on Tuesday, it ranked second in political searches behind health care. “This is one of those areas where Washington, D.C., sometimes gets in a bubble and doesn’t recognize what’s going on in the rest of the country,” said Sen. Chris Van Hollen, D-Md., who runs the Senate Democrats’ 2018 campaign operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kull is more skeptical that net neutrality will be a potent voter motivator this year unless people start to see changes to their internet costs, speed or access. Voters may know soon enough: The Obama-era net neutrality rules expire June 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Senate+Approves+Overturning+FCC%27s+Net+Neutrality+Repeal&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "why-do-thousands-of-l-a-s-homeless-shelter-beds-sit-empty-each-night-rats-roaches-bedbugs-mold",
"title": "Why Do Thousands of L.A.'s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold",
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"headTitle": "Why Do Thousands of L.A.’s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]E[/dropcap]very night, some 43,000 people sleep on the streets of Los Angeles County in tents, cars and makeshift structures. So why do thousands of beds run by the biggest homeless agencies go empty at night?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KPCC\u003c/a> investigation found reports of bedbugs, rats, foul odors, poor lighting, harassment, lax care in medical wards and even a “chicken incubator” in a room where homeless people were sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public documents — including monitoring reports from the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA), health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports — reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reviews conducted at 60 shelters funded by LAHSA last year found more than half — 33 — were not filling all of their beds. Overall, LAHSA-funded shelters had a 78 percent utilization rate, well below the 90 percent required in their contracts. Monitors also found that 25 of those facilities were failing to meet the minimum standards required by their contracts to get people off the streets for good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPCC found that negative monitoring reports, health citations and grievance complaints rarely result in a shelter being shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some shelters raise philanthropic dollars on their own to improve living conditions in their buildings. Those that don’t receive public dollars operate with little to no public accountability at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of accountability for meeting quality and service benchmarks raises questions about what taxpayers are paying for with the hundreds of millions of dollars in Measure H funding now flowing through LAHSA and other public agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who is looking out for the people officials say they are trying to help?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 16,600 shelter beds in L.A. County. They’re almost always run by private nonprofit and faith organizations. Many have contracts with federal, local, and state government agencies that pay for beds for mental health clients, veterans, and other populations they serve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is a patchwork system of oversight. No single public entity is charged with making sure shelters are clean, safe places to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA officials told KPCC the agency has plans to improve shelter quality in L.A. The status quo, however, is not pretty.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Craig Aslin tried the whole homeless shelter thing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, he tried The House of Hope, a boarding home in Jefferson Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sucked,” he said. “I got [eaten] up with bedbugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Aslin left and ended up in a tent on a hilly median off Franklin and Vine in Hollywood. Why? He says his tent is cleaner, he doesn’t have to deal with people he doesn’t like, and he can come and go as he pleases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I live better now than I did then, I mean for real,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668656\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668656\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin.jpg 929w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A 2017 public health inspection of The House of Hope, the shelter Aslin left, did not find bed bugs. It did find 17 other health code violations, including evidence of rats, roaches, suspected mold and issues with waste storage and disposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health department said it does follow-up inspections and sends compliance letters to shelters. It does not, however, shut shelters down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If compliance is not met, enforcement proceeds to the city or district attorney requesting a criminal complaint,” the public affairs department said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Hope is one of many emergency housing options in the county that does not rely on government dollars; that means it’s operating with very little in the way of oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in shelters that do receive public dollars, complaints of unsanitary conditions, vermin and pests are common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a shelter run by Volunteers of America on Skid Row, LAHSA monitors found “water leaking from the walls and underneath the toilets” in the bathroom, toilets that were “not secured,” and a broken, leaking faucet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another VOA shelter in South L.A. was found to have visible damage on floors and the walls and ceilings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One center also did not have grievance forms for clients to complain about its conditions — a requirement of its contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward, executive director of external affairs at the VOA-Greater Los Angeles said the organization has made improvements after having recently taken over the shelter space from another organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We house close to 400 people between the two shelters,” he said. “As you can imagine with such high traffic numbers, maintenance and cleaning was and is a resource-intense undertaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg\" alt=\"Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"431\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-160x86.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-240x129.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-375x202.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-520x280.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents.jpg 921w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sanitation, he said, has improved in the past year. And new funds from Measure H have helped the organization make changes in its shelters, including staying open 24 hours a day and offering more services on site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Russ Hotel in Downtown L.A., a Department of Mental Health client reported bathrooms that were “trashed daily” with toilets that “don’t flush.” Another client reported cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A client at the Testimonial Community Love Center in South L.A. complained of cockroaches in August 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an L.A. Family Housing Shelter, LAHSA monitors found “unacceptable conditions” and “a lack of supervision over rooms.” In one Boyle Heights shelter, monitors found the “walls were covered with Crayola and/or marker writing” and a chicken incubator. Another room was “extremely dirty.” A third had “foul odors” coming from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. Family Housing has since cleared those complaints with the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eve Garrow, who works on homeless issues for the American Civil Liberties Union, said she’s heard complaints of homeless people getting sick in shelters with body lice, head lice and other communicable diseases like MRSA, an infection that is resistant to treatment with many antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mold in the bathrooms, blood on the walls, just a variety of issues that are really unacceptable,” she said. “People with disabilities may try to use shelters and very quickly decide they’re unable to manage their mental health conditions in those shelter spaces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Dangerous as Heck’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lorenna Taylor went to Samoshel, a Santa Monica shelter that resembles a large tent, in 2016 after having neck surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, she said, another client harassed her. The woman, Taylor said, would follow her to the bathroom and started telling other people in the shelter Taylor was actually a man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have left, but I could barely walk,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She complained to staff, but “they told me, you need to be the bigger person,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, there was a physical altercation between the two of them outside of the shelter. Neither woman was convicted of a crime in a subsequent court case. But Taylor said the entire experience left her with trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no safety,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-520x360.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper.jpg 954w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Living in close quarters can breed conflict, said John Maceri of The People Concern, which runs Samoshel. He said his staff intervened multiple times in Taylor’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many homeless people told KPCC they were victims of theft, harassment and even assault by other clients in shelters, and that staff were either indifferent to or untrained to handle the conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The shelters are dangerous as heck,” said Pepper Pilar, who rides a bike covered with Dr. Pepper stickers around Hollywood. “At least out here I have friends to watch my back. In there, they [will steal] your stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Police Department records show that some shelters are visited frequently by officers. A VOA shelter on Broadway in South L.A. had 138 LAPD visits between Jan. 1, 2017 and the end of April 2018. Another VOA shelter had 197 visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The LAPD visits are largely due to client crisis situations as well as calls from shelter staff when client safety is compromised,” said Ward of VOA. “Some would argue that is better that people experience trauma at a staffed facility than on the streets where the outcome is less predictable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘No One Noticed’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Safety and violence are just one concern about quality of care. Former shelter residents also told KPCC they didn’t have faith in medical services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andria McFerson, a former Samoshel resident, said that clients in the “medical ward” — where people with severe medical needs are housed in proximity to a staff nurse — are not checked on regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My friend died there and no one noticed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend was Charles Waldron, a Vietnam War veteran. An L.A. Coroner’s report found that he died of a heart attack at the shelter on Jan. 24, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">The Only California City to Solve Veteran Homelessness Is on a Mission to Go Bigger\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/206887-full-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Waldron was staying in the medical ward, a room with six metal twin-sized beds. He’d been at the shelter about seven months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff saw decedent on 1/23/2016 around midnight in the common area of the shelter,” the report said. At noon the next day, “staff discovered the decedent unresponsive and dialed 911.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paramedics, who found Waldron with red foam coming out of his mouth, beyond resuscitation, pronounced him dead 11 minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri of The People Concern said it’s not unusual for clients to skip a meal. He said Waldron’s medical needs were not severe enough where he needed to be checked by medical professionals daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would not have been a medical reason to force Mr. Waldron to wake up from what staff assumed was him sleeping in after being up late the night before,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4454509-Waldron.html#document/p1/a422371\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">coroner’s report\u003c/a> described his corpse as in the stage of “early decomposition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>No Recourse and Fears of Retaliation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Other homeless people said shelters didn’t work out for them because they were told to leave, often after running into problems. And they said they had no recourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robbin Nugent was kicked out of Samoshel in March after not showing up at the shelter for 68 of the 170 days she was a client. If she wasn’t going to use her bed, the program told her, they’d need it for someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem: her boyfriend, with whom she’s four months pregnant with twins, was also homeless. He’d just graduated from a drug rehab program and was back on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I wasn’t with him at night, I think he would mess up,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg\" alt=\"Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins.\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668708\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-160x118.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-1020x751.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-960x707.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-240x177.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-375x276.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-520x383.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins. \u003ccite>(RINA PALTA/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So she left the shelter to stay with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like, ‘What’s it going to take to get you back into the program?’ And I was like, ‘Get him off the street!’” Nugent said. “It’s my babies’ dad. If he messes up, then all things go to hell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Samoshel told her they didn’t have room for him and didn’t offer any referrals to shelters that might.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nugent, still pregnant, and her boyfriend are now staying in a tent in an alley behind a Santa Monica restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri said clients are expected to use their beds the majority of nights they’re in the program and that shelter “staff spent nearly six months attempting to work with Ms. Nugent to help her be more comfortable in the shelter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision to kick someone out of a shelter should be subject to outside review, said Olga Zurawska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska, a filmmaker who found herself homeless several years ago, said she herself was kicked out of Turning Point, a Santa Monica shelter, in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now an activist for the rights of homeless people, she said she was targeted for speaking up about shelter quality issues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People Concern, which runs the shelter, said it helped place her in permanent housing and that her allegations are untrue and have been thoroughly investigated by multiple agencies, which found them to have no merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said behind the dispute about her stay at Turning Point is a bigger issue: there wasn’t an outside body to step in and provide a neutral assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">California’s Housing Crisis: Working But on the Brink of Homelessness\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-two-9df2c90bfc797a208badf4e4cc348fffba31700e-1-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It goes to the patchwork nature of oversight in an industry — homeless services — that is growing rapidly. Because the shelter she stayed in didn’t receive LAHSA funding, the grievance she filed with the agency bounced back. Turning Point did receive Department of Mental Health funding, but Zurawska was not a mental health client. That meant she did not have recourse with that agency. Eventually she complained to the city of Santa Monica, which helps fund Turning Point, but she said that was a dead end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alisa Orduña, Santa Monica’s senior adviser on homelessness, said complaints about the shelters it funds are taken seriously. But first clients are required to exhaust whatever internal complaint system the shelter has before turning to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said the grievance process was confusing and hard to navigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This population has no rights and no voice, really, and somebody has to do something about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrow of the ACLU agrees that clients need an accessible, visible, neutral third party to appeal to if shelters are going to be more effective going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff really have too much power over clients and clients really have no recourse when staff treat them in a denigrating or disrespectful manner other than to submit a complaint to the very organization that’s mistreating them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, LAHSA, which administers the majority of homeless service contracts in the county, does not have a uniform policy on when it is appropriate to terminate a client from a program. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency does review each shelter’s policy, if it funds the shelter, said Chris Callandrillo, director of procurement and performance management. It does not have reliable data on how many people are kicked out of shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shelters Do Improve, When They Want To\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A startling claim was buried deep inside a client satisfaction report filed on Jan. 5, 2018 by a Department of Mental Health client. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The client gave the shelter run by the nonprofit L.A. Family Housing largely high marks when asked whether to agree or disagree with statements like, “I have generally positive interactions with staff” and “I receive toiletries when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in the comments section, the client wrote: “Someone got stabbed in their room. This place feels like a jail with an open door.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephanie Klasky-Gamer, the president of L.A. Family Housing, confirmed the stabbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an incredibly sad — and scary — but sad day here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also a learning opportunity. The shelter switched security companies — bags were already searched and people searched with a wand on entry, but a knife had gotten in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also revamped its procedures for checking clients, from “every person, every day,” to “every room, every day” — meaning staff members now need to enter every room on the property on a daily basis to check on clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It also allowed us to see things that were getting in that shouldn’t have,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of those changes were required by the myriad agencies that monitor L.A. Family Housing: the Veterans Administration, LAHSA, the L.A. County Department of Mental Health, L.A. County Department of Health Services, several individual cities and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other shelters may also want to improve, she said, but might not have the expertise or resources to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not say that any of our colleagues don’t care,” she said. “I think when you have really limited resources, there are places you cut back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klasky-Gamer said auditors visit the shelters roughly three times a week, generally performing one of three types of check: financial audits, programmatic audits and physical audits. There’s so much monitoring that the space-crunched agency even has a room dedicated to files in its main campus building in North Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she wishes one agency was tasked with taking the lead on auditing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I don’t begrudge oversight,” she said. “These are public dollars and this is a public benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some major issues are not addressed, however, in all the monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA reports do not directly address safety issues beyond emergency evacuation plans, fire extinguishers and cleanliness. The agency said it requires shelters to report incidents of violence and then passes that information to whatever entity — like the city or county or federal government — that funds the shelter’s contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward of the VOA said the decentralized system for regulating shelters can be frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may suffer from not only a lack of a uniform set of standards, but differing levels of accountability and, in some instances, a lack of direction,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York City, Philadelphia and San Francisco have “cabinet level” officers dedicated to addressing homelessness, he said, which helps them organize and build a common mission and set of best practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. has nothing comparable. There’s more coordination than ever before in L.A., but not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still must build a common vision with 15 council districts, a mayor and five county supervisors,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said such a system would be hard to reproduce in decentralized Los Angeles, with its numerous municipalities, multiple funding sources for shelters and wide geography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the small city of San Francisco, it’s doable,” he said. “Within a region like L.A. County, which is 400 square miles, it’s just not a manageable model. And to do it regionally, like we do other services, would probably cost a lot of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear what it takes for a shelter to lose its contract with LAHSA, which works with dozens of agencies. Callandrillo said that it’s happened three times in the past four years. Even as thousands of beds sit empty, the overall number of available beds is too small to risk losing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn't like being around fights.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668711\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-960x649.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-240x162.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-520x352.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles.jpg 991w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn’t like being around fights. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Typically a shelter provider owns the site or holds the lease for a site, so if we’re cancelling a contract, often we’re cancelling the availability of shelter beds in an environment where we have very few shelter beds,” he said. “We try to work with our providers to not have to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said the problem of unused beds is “systemic,” and less about an individual shelter than how people get and find beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not for lack of need,” he said. “One of the main issues is connecting people to available shelter beds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person might walk into a shelter in Santa Monica that’s full, while across town, there’s an available bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA is working on a way to better track available beds so that providers can immediately direct clients to them, Callandrillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said LAHSA has posted a position to create that system, but has not hired for it yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Happens Next?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As these conditions persist, the push is on to rapidly expand L.A.’s shelter system to accommodate a growing population of homeless people — all amidst a housing market that makes the region’s larger goal of finding everyone a long-term, affordable place to live more challenging by the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County and the city of L.A. — through Proposition HHH and a new developer fee for affordable housing — are putting hundreds of millions of dollars into the construction of permanent housing. Providers, however, are still struggling to find enough spots for clients, and construction will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti has proposed funneling $20 million in city funds into creating “temporary” homeless shelters in each of the city’s 15 council districts. A neighborhood that accepts a shelter, in turn, has been promised additional sanitation resources and police attention to ensure that it stays free of encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every homeless Angeleno needs a safe, clean, place to sleep at night,” Anna Bahr, the mayor’s deputy press secretary, said. “Each new site will have unprecedented service delivery: 24/7 security, mental health professionals, employment specialists, and anti-addiction experts. The mayor’s office will be monitoring each site closely, to ensure they remain safe and clean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County is also poised to shift more funds from Measure H, a new quarter-cent sales tax for homeless services, into interim housing like shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA has recently upped the rate it pays shelters to improve quality. That money is intended to fund more robust services and amenities on site — what the industry calls “bridge housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a key change if the goal remains finding permanent housing and jobs for as many of the region’s homeless people as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move appears to have merit. LAHSA figures show that for the past year, about 39 percent of those in bridge housing have moved on to permanent homes. For those in traditional shelters, the number was 17 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 2,000 clients were in bridge housing during that period, while 12,000 lived in standard shelters. In all, close to 60,000 people lack permanent housing in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU’s Garrow says the goal of getting people back on their feet and into permanent housing is not easy. That makes conditions in shelters that much more important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The promise is that they’re temporary, but so often it’s a broken promise,” Garrow said. “We have to ensure that shelters are humane and held to the highest possible standards because people will be living in them for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Derosier contributed to this report. This story was made possible with help from the Fund for Investigative Reporting. Support was also provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which is supporting an investigative reporting collaboration among KPCC, WNYC in New York, WABE in Atlanta, KCUR in Kansas City and APM Reports.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around L.A. County.",
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"title": "Why Do Thousands of L.A.'s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold | KQED",
"description": "Health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around L.A. County.",
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"headline": "Why Do Thousands of L.A.'s Homeless Shelter Beds Sit Empty Each Night? Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/about/people/staff/rina-palta\">Rina Palta\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">E\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>very night, some 43,000 people sleep on the streets of Los Angeles County in tents, cars and makeshift structures. So why do thousands of beds run by the biggest homeless agencies go empty at night?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KPCC\u003c/a> investigation found reports of bedbugs, rats, foul odors, poor lighting, harassment, lax care in medical wards and even a “chicken incubator” in a room where homeless people were sleeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public documents — including monitoring reports from the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA), health department inspections, coroner reports, surveys from the Department of Mental Health and police reports — reveal safety and sanitation problems in shelters around the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reviews conducted at 60 shelters funded by LAHSA last year found more than half — 33 — were not filling all of their beds. Overall, LAHSA-funded shelters had a 78 percent utilization rate, well below the 90 percent required in their contracts. Monitors also found that 25 of those facilities were failing to meet the minimum standards required by their contracts to get people off the streets for good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPCC found that negative monitoring reports, health citations and grievance complaints rarely result in a shelter being shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some shelters raise philanthropic dollars on their own to improve living conditions in their buildings. Those that don’t receive public dollars operate with little to no public accountability at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of accountability for meeting quality and service benchmarks raises questions about what taxpayers are paying for with the hundreds of millions of dollars in Measure H funding now flowing through LAHSA and other public agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who is looking out for the people officials say they are trying to help?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 16,600 shelter beds in L.A. County. They’re almost always run by private nonprofit and faith organizations. Many have contracts with federal, local, and state government agencies that pay for beds for mental health clients, veterans, and other populations they serve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is a patchwork system of oversight. No single public entity is charged with making sure shelters are clean, safe places to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA officials told KPCC the agency has plans to improve shelter quality in L.A. The status quo, however, is not pretty.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rats, Roaches, Bedbugs, Mold\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Craig Aslin tried the whole homeless shelter thing, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, he tried The House of Hope, a boarding home in Jefferson Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sucked,” he said. “I got [eaten] up with bedbugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Aslin left and ended up in a tent on a hilly median off Franklin and Vine in Hollywood. Why? He says his tent is cleaner, he doesn’t have to deal with people he doesn’t like, and he can come and go as he pleases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I live better now than I did then, I mean for real,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668656\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668656\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/CraigAslin.jpg 929w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Craig Aslin is originally from Virginia. He was staying in a tent in Hollywood on Friday, March 16, 2018. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A 2017 public health inspection of The House of Hope, the shelter Aslin left, did not find bed bugs. It did find 17 other health code violations, including evidence of rats, roaches, suspected mold and issues with waste storage and disposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health department said it does follow-up inspections and sends compliance letters to shelters. It does not, however, shut shelters down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If compliance is not met, enforcement proceeds to the city or district attorney requesting a criminal complaint,” the public affairs department said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Hope is one of many emergency housing options in the county that does not rely on government dollars; that means it’s operating with very little in the way of oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in shelters that do receive public dollars, complaints of unsanitary conditions, vermin and pests are common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a shelter run by Volunteers of America on Skid Row, LAHSA monitors found “water leaking from the walls and underneath the toilets” in the bathroom, toilets that were “not secured,” and a broken, leaking faucet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another VOA shelter in South L.A. was found to have visible damage on floors and the walls and ceilings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One center also did not have grievance forms for clients to complain about its conditions — a requirement of its contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward, executive director of external affairs at the VOA-Greater Los Angeles said the organization has made improvements after having recently taken over the shelter space from another organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We house close to 400 people between the two shelters,” he said. “As you can imagine with such high traffic numbers, maintenance and cleaning was and is a resource-intense undertaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg\" alt=\"Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"431\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-800x431.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-160x86.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-240x129.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-375x202.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents-520x280.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/OfframpTents.jpg 921w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tents are pitched near an offramp in Hollywood in March. Residents there said they prefer living outside to using a homeless shelter where couples will have to be separated and strict scheduling is enforced. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sanitation, he said, has improved in the past year. And new funds from Measure H have helped the organization make changes in its shelters, including staying open 24 hours a day and offering more services on site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Russ Hotel in Downtown L.A., a Department of Mental Health client reported bathrooms that were “trashed daily” with toilets that “don’t flush.” Another client reported cockroaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A client at the Testimonial Community Love Center in South L.A. complained of cockroaches in August 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an L.A. Family Housing Shelter, LAHSA monitors found “unacceptable conditions” and “a lack of supervision over rooms.” In one Boyle Heights shelter, monitors found the “walls were covered with Crayola and/or marker writing” and a chicken incubator. Another room was “extremely dirty.” A third had “foul odors” coming from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. Family Housing has since cleared those complaints with the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eve Garrow, who works on homeless issues for the American Civil Liberties Union, said she’s heard complaints of homeless people getting sick in shelters with body lice, head lice and other communicable diseases like MRSA, an infection that is resistant to treatment with many antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mold in the bathrooms, blood on the walls, just a variety of issues that are really unacceptable,” she said. “People with disabilities may try to use shelters and very quickly decide they’re unable to manage their mental health conditions in those shelter spaces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Dangerous as Heck’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Lorenna Taylor went to Samoshel, a Santa Monica shelter that resembles a large tent, in 2016 after having neck surgery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, she said, another client harassed her. The woman, Taylor said, would follow her to the bathroom and started telling other people in the shelter Taylor was actually a man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have left, but I could barely walk,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She complained to staff, but “they told me, you need to be the bigger person,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, there was a physical altercation between the two of them outside of the shelter. Neither woman was convicted of a crime in a subsequent court case. But Taylor said the entire experience left her with trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no safety,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper-520x360.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/Pepper.jpg 954w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pepper Pilar talks about experiencing homelessness and spending time in a shelter on Friday, March 16, 2018. Pilar ended up homeless after a series of hardships and a relationship that ended left no other options. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Living in close quarters can breed conflict, said John Maceri of The People Concern, which runs Samoshel. He said his staff intervened multiple times in Taylor’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many homeless people told KPCC they were victims of theft, harassment and even assault by other clients in shelters, and that staff were either indifferent to or untrained to handle the conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The shelters are dangerous as heck,” said Pepper Pilar, who rides a bike covered with Dr. Pepper stickers around Hollywood. “At least out here I have friends to watch my back. In there, they [will steal] your stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Police Department records show that some shelters are visited frequently by officers. A VOA shelter on Broadway in South L.A. had 138 LAPD visits between Jan. 1, 2017 and the end of April 2018. Another VOA shelter had 197 visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The LAPD visits are largely due to client crisis situations as well as calls from shelter staff when client safety is compromised,” said Ward of VOA. “Some would argue that is better that people experience trauma at a staffed facility than on the streets where the outcome is less predictable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘No One Noticed’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Safety and violence are just one concern about quality of care. Former shelter residents also told KPCC they didn’t have faith in medical services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andria McFerson, a former Samoshel resident, said that clients in the “medical ward” — where people with severe medical needs are housed in proximity to a staff nurse — are not checked on regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My friend died there and no one noticed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend was Charles Waldron, a Vietnam War veteran. An L.A. Coroner’s report found that he died of a heart attack at the shelter on Jan. 24, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">The Only California City to Solve Veteran Homelessness Is on a Mission to Go Bigger\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11667527/the-only-california-city-to-solve-veteran-homelessness-is-on-a-mission-to-go-bigger\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/206887-full-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Waldron was staying in the medical ward, a room with six metal twin-sized beds. He’d been at the shelter about seven months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff saw decedent on 1/23/2016 around midnight in the common area of the shelter,” the report said. At noon the next day, “staff discovered the decedent unresponsive and dialed 911.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paramedics, who found Waldron with red foam coming out of his mouth, beyond resuscitation, pronounced him dead 11 minutes later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri of The People Concern said it’s not unusual for clients to skip a meal. He said Waldron’s medical needs were not severe enough where he needed to be checked by medical professionals daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would not have been a medical reason to force Mr. Waldron to wake up from what staff assumed was him sleeping in after being up late the night before,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4454509-Waldron.html#document/p1/a422371\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">coroner’s report\u003c/a> described his corpse as in the stage of “early decomposition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>No Recourse and Fears of Retaliation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Other homeless people said shelters didn’t work out for them because they were told to leave, often after running into problems. And they said they had no recourse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robbin Nugent was kicked out of Samoshel in March after not showing up at the shelter for 68 of the 170 days she was a client. If she wasn’t going to use her bed, the program told her, they’d need it for someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem: her boyfriend, with whom she’s four months pregnant with twins, was also homeless. He’d just graduated from a drug rehab program and was back on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I wasn’t with him at night, I think he would mess up,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg\" alt=\"Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins.\" width=\"800\" height=\"589\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668708\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-800x589.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-160x118.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-1020x751.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-960x707.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-240x177.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-375x276.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes-520x383.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/HomelessBikes.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robbin Nugent was asked to leave a Santa Monica shelter for not utilizing her bed enough, so she packed her belongings into a rolling trash can. Nugent is pregnant with twins. \u003ccite>(RINA PALTA/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So she left the shelter to stay with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like, ‘What’s it going to take to get you back into the program?’ And I was like, ‘Get him off the street!’” Nugent said. “It’s my babies’ dad. If he messes up, then all things go to hell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Samoshel told her they didn’t have room for him and didn’t offer any referrals to shelters that might.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nugent, still pregnant, and her boyfriend are now staying in a tent in an alley behind a Santa Monica restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maceri said clients are expected to use their beds the majority of nights they’re in the program and that shelter “staff spent nearly six months attempting to work with Ms. Nugent to help her be more comfortable in the shelter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision to kick someone out of a shelter should be subject to outside review, said Olga Zurawska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska, a filmmaker who found herself homeless several years ago, said she herself was kicked out of Turning Point, a Santa Monica shelter, in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now an activist for the rights of homeless people, she said she was targeted for speaking up about shelter quality issues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People Concern, which runs the shelter, said it helped place her in permanent housing and that her allegations are untrue and have been thoroughly investigated by multiple agencies, which found them to have no merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said behind the dispute about her stay at Turning Point is a bigger issue: there wasn’t an outside body to step in and provide a neutral assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">California’s Housing Crisis: Working But on the Brink of Homelessness\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662564/californias-housing-crisis-working-but-on-the-brink-of-homelessness\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/siegler-two-9df2c90bfc797a208badf4e4cc348fffba31700e-1-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It goes to the patchwork nature of oversight in an industry — homeless services — that is growing rapidly. Because the shelter she stayed in didn’t receive LAHSA funding, the grievance she filed with the agency bounced back. Turning Point did receive Department of Mental Health funding, but Zurawska was not a mental health client. That meant she did not have recourse with that agency. Eventually she complained to the city of Santa Monica, which helps fund Turning Point, but she said that was a dead end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alisa Orduña, Santa Monica’s senior adviser on homelessness, said complaints about the shelters it funds are taken seriously. But first clients are required to exhaust whatever internal complaint system the shelter has before turning to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurawska said the grievance process was confusing and hard to navigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This population has no rights and no voice, really, and somebody has to do something about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrow of the ACLU agrees that clients need an accessible, visible, neutral third party to appeal to if shelters are going to be more effective going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff really have too much power over clients and clients really have no recourse when staff treat them in a denigrating or disrespectful manner other than to submit a complaint to the very organization that’s mistreating them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, LAHSA, which administers the majority of homeless service contracts in the county, does not have a uniform policy on when it is appropriate to terminate a client from a program. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency does review each shelter’s policy, if it funds the shelter, said Chris Callandrillo, director of procurement and performance management. It does not have reliable data on how many people are kicked out of shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shelters Do Improve, When They Want To\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A startling claim was buried deep inside a client satisfaction report filed on Jan. 5, 2018 by a Department of Mental Health client. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The client gave the shelter run by the nonprofit L.A. Family Housing largely high marks when asked whether to agree or disagree with statements like, “I have generally positive interactions with staff” and “I receive toiletries when I need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in the comments section, the client wrote: “Someone got stabbed in their room. This place feels like a jail with an open door.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephanie Klasky-Gamer, the president of L.A. Family Housing, confirmed the stabbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was an incredibly sad — and scary — but sad day here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also a learning opportunity. The shelter switched security companies — bags were already searched and people searched with a wand on entry, but a knife had gotten in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also revamped its procedures for checking clients, from “every person, every day,” to “every room, every day” — meaning staff members now need to enter every room on the property on a daily basis to check on clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It also allowed us to see things that were getting in that shouldn’t have,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of those changes were required by the myriad agencies that monitor L.A. Family Housing: the Veterans Administration, LAHSA, the L.A. County Department of Mental Health, L.A. County Department of Health Services, several individual cities and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other shelters may also want to improve, she said, but might not have the expertise or resources to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not say that any of our colleagues don’t care,” she said. “I think when you have really limited resources, there are places you cut back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klasky-Gamer said auditors visit the shelters roughly three times a week, generally performing one of three types of check: financial audits, programmatic audits and physical audits. There’s so much monitoring that the space-crunched agency even has a room dedicated to files in its main campus building in North Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she wishes one agency was tasked with taking the lead on auditing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I don’t begrudge oversight,” she said. “These are public dollars and this is a public benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some major issues are not addressed, however, in all the monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA reports do not directly address safety issues beyond emergency evacuation plans, fire extinguishers and cleanliness. The agency said it requires shelters to report incidents of violence and then passes that information to whatever entity — like the city or county or federal government — that funds the shelter’s contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Ward of the VOA said the decentralized system for regulating shelters can be frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may suffer from not only a lack of a uniform set of standards, but differing levels of accountability and, in some instances, a lack of direction,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York City, Philadelphia and San Francisco have “cabinet level” officers dedicated to addressing homelessness, he said, which helps them organize and build a common mission and set of best practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. has nothing comparable. There’s more coordination than ever before in L.A., but not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We still must build a common vision with 15 council districts, a mayor and five county supervisors,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said such a system would be hard to reproduce in decentralized Los Angeles, with its numerous municipalities, multiple funding sources for shelters and wide geography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the small city of San Francisco, it’s doable,” he said. “Within a region like L.A. County, which is 400 square miles, it’s just not a manageable model. And to do it regionally, like we do other services, would probably cost a lot of money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear what it takes for a shelter to lose its contract with LAHSA, which works with dozens of agencies. Callandrillo said that it’s happened three times in the past four years. Even as thousands of beds sit empty, the overall number of available beds is too small to risk losing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn't like being around fights.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668711\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-800x541.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-960x649.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-240x162.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles-520x352.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/AliceMyles.jpg 991w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alice Myles, 61, used to be a nurse before becoming homeless. She tried living in shelters, she said, but her belongings were stolen and she didn’t like being around fights. \u003ccite>(SUSANICA TAM/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Typically a shelter provider owns the site or holds the lease for a site, so if we’re cancelling a contract, often we’re cancelling the availability of shelter beds in an environment where we have very few shelter beds,” he said. “We try to work with our providers to not have to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callandrillo said the problem of unused beds is “systemic,” and less about an individual shelter than how people get and find beds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not for lack of need,” he said. “One of the main issues is connecting people to available shelter beds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person might walk into a shelter in Santa Monica that’s full, while across town, there’s an available bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA is working on a way to better track available beds so that providers can immediately direct clients to them, Callandrillo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said LAHSA has posted a position to create that system, but has not hired for it yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What Happens Next?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As these conditions persist, the push is on to rapidly expand L.A.’s shelter system to accommodate a growing population of homeless people — all amidst a housing market that makes the region’s larger goal of finding everyone a long-term, affordable place to live more challenging by the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County and the city of L.A. — through Proposition HHH and a new developer fee for affordable housing — are putting hundreds of millions of dollars into the construction of permanent housing. Providers, however, are still struggling to find enough spots for clients, and construction will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti has proposed funneling $20 million in city funds into creating “temporary” homeless shelters in each of the city’s 15 council districts. A neighborhood that accepts a shelter, in turn, has been promised additional sanitation resources and police attention to ensure that it stays free of encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every homeless Angeleno needs a safe, clean, place to sleep at night,” Anna Bahr, the mayor’s deputy press secretary, said. “Each new site will have unprecedented service delivery: 24/7 security, mental health professionals, employment specialists, and anti-addiction experts. The mayor’s office will be monitoring each site closely, to ensure they remain safe and clean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. County is also poised to shift more funds from Measure H, a new quarter-cent sales tax for homeless services, into interim housing like shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAHSA has recently upped the rate it pays shelters to improve quality. That money is intended to fund more robust services and amenities on site — what the industry calls “bridge housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a key change if the goal remains finding permanent housing and jobs for as many of the region’s homeless people as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move appears to have merit. LAHSA figures show that for the past year, about 39 percent of those in bridge housing have moved on to permanent homes. For those in traditional shelters, the number was 17 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 2,000 clients were in bridge housing during that period, while 12,000 lived in standard shelters. In all, close to 60,000 people lack permanent housing in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU’s Garrow says the goal of getting people back on their feet and into permanent housing is not easy. That makes conditions in shelters that much more important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The promise is that they’re temporary, but so often it’s a broken promise,” Garrow said. “We have to ensure that shelters are humane and held to the highest possible standards because people will be living in them for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Derosier contributed to this report. This story was made possible with help from the Fund for Investigative Reporting. Support was also provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which is supporting an investigative reporting collaboration among KPCC, WNYC in New York, WABE in Atlanta, KCUR in Kansas City and APM Reports.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "In the Land of Legal Weed, Drug Education Moves From ‘Don’t’ to ‘Delay’",
"title": "In the Land of Legal Weed, Drug Education Moves From ‘Don’t’ to ‘Delay’",
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"content": "\u003cp>Californians legalized marijuana in 2016, with 57 percent of the vote. But the momentousness of that decision was somewhat lost in the drama of Donald Trump’s victory. Voters also had to wait over a year for full implementation, while state agencies crafted new regulations for quality, safety and marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the social significance of the vote finally burst into view this Jan. 1, when eager customers -- who had lined up in the darkness outside medical marijuana dispensaries across the state -- streamed through the doors at the stroke of midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the change hasn’t been confined to the cannabis cash register. Everyone has seen the advertising or heard the chatter -- and that includes minors, although marijuana remains illegal for those under 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out of SFO airport, there are billboards for \u003ca href=\"https://www.eaze.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Eaze\u003c/a> that say ‘Marijuana is here,’ ” said \u003ca href=\"http://profiles.ucsf.edu/danielle.ramo-larios\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Danielle Ramo\u003c/a>, a psychologist who conducts research at UCSF on adolescent drug use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not sure parents were expecting to see so many images of cannabis all over,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public schools in California are required by law to provide anti-drug abuse education, although experts say the quality of the instruction varies widely from district to district, and there’s little enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was curious to know how marijuana legalization was being discussed in schools, so I embedded with \u003ca href=\"http://livingadept.org/beingadept/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Being Adept\u003c/a>, an evidence-based curriculum that has been used in about 20 schools in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To my surprise, I discovered that the rollout of legal recreational marijuana in California and other states hasn’t led to any big changes in substance abuse prevention. Drug educators have always covered both legal substances (alcohol, tobacco, prescription drugs) and illicit ones (pot, ecstasy, cocaine, LSD, heroin, meth … ). Students have accessed, and abused, both categories of drugs for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I was more struck by the evolution of drug education since the 1980s. Today, drug abuse education is an advanced pedagogy, drawing on decades of rigorous effectiveness research and the newest teaching techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “Just Say No” approach, popularized by Nancy Reagan, has been discredited. The PSAs that Gen-Xers may remember -- the egg in a frying pan (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOnENVylxPI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this is your brain on drugs\u003c/a>”), or the boy calling out his dad’s drug use (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkxCcXHwRkk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">I learned it by watching you!\u003c/a>”) -- live on as memes, but they’re no longer used as messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those scare-tactic-based programs have tended to quite clearly not work, based on most of the research that evaluated its effectiveness,” Ramo said. “Today there is an entirely different mindset about school-based prevention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nutshell, the focus now is on facts, not fear. Also conspicuously absent are simplistic dictates like “just say no.” Instead, teachers spur students to examine data, speculate on motives, discuss risks, and deliberate on their own goals and values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ashley Brady, a Being Adept instructor, was completely open about her method when she stood in front of the eighth-graders at Marin Primary and Middle School, a private school in Larkspur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not here to tell you what to do today. Not at all,” she began. “I'm here to give you the most up-to-date information possible so that you can make your own healthy, informed decisions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brady then jump-started a fast-paced, fact-filled discussion on brain chemistry and physiology. There was an animated video about how marijuana affects dopamine pathways in the brain. Then a discussion about marijuana “edibles” and how they are metabolized by the liver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It can take up to 30 minutes to maybe even an hour or two before it really hits you,” she said. “When somebody eats an edible and they don't really feel the effects, what do you think happens?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They eat more!” a student called out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They eat more,” Brady nodded. “Yeah, an hour, an hour and a half later? Boom! Like a freight train, they've been hit, and, you know, can barely move or can barely talk. That kind of thing. So they may have to go to the hospital.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>True, that sounds a \u003cem>little\u003c/em> scary, but it’s presented neutrally, as a consequence at the end of a sequence of decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_363549\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-363549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashley Brady explains the increase over time in marijuana potency to a class of eighth-graders at Marin Primary and Secondary School in Larkspur. \u003ccite>(KQED/Carrie Feibel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Where the legalization of the marijuana industry \u003cem>has\u003c/em> affected the content of these lessons is on the subject of potency. Brady tells the students that legalization has spurred competition and innovation among suppliers, to the point where they’re now churning out extremely potent and precisely calibrated forms of pot called “concentrates,” which comes in various forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brady runs through their names: oil, bubble, shatter, wax and dabs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They call it a ‘dab’ because one tiny little nail head [of it] -- I mean I'm talking like the end of my pinky -- one tiny little nail head is the same as three joints hitting the system all at once. So it’s a lot stronger than it used to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tests of THC levels in marijuana samples over the years back this up. Whereas a typical joint in the '70s probably had a THC level of 4-5 percent, at best, growers are now breeding strains of cannabis that produce buds with THC levels as high as 20-30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the concentrates are in another category altogether. Processed concentrates sold at dispensaries now regularly test at 80, even 90 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's not the same drug,” Brady tells them. People sometimes vomit from concentrates. Some people hallucinate and have even become psychotic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yes, she adds, it can be addictive. Not just psychologically, but physically. People do go into THC withdrawal and do go to rehab for pot addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as she describes the transformation of marijuana from a relatively mild intoxicant to a potentially debilitating one, Brady never once says “that’s why you shouldn’t” or even “so please be careful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, the students applauded this approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made you feel more mature, and that you're in control,\" said Devon Soofer, 13. “This [class] was actually telling you the long-term effects and what it can actually do to you. So it actually made you feel like ‘Wow, this is actually really bad,’ and not just being \u003cem>forced\u003c/em> not to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later units in the Being Adept curriculum give students concrete tools: They rehearse what to do or say at parties, and talk about better ways to cope than using cannabis -- or any substance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramo, who serves as a scientific advisor to Being Adept, decried “the overwhelming stress, anxiety, depression, suicidality that is so pervasive among teens in the United States today, especially in high-intensity educational areas, like a lot of schools in the Bay Area are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Addressing that problem is key,” she added, as is “having teens come up with solutions to manage their stress, that they actually would use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“Delay, Delay, Delay” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if drug educators aren’t telling students “Don’t!” anymore, what exactly are they telling them to \u003cem>do\u003c/em>? As I observed, they’re not overtly telling them to do anything, because teens are naturally resistant to the authoritarian approach -- and some of them may resist to the point of doing the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The underlying goal of drug education remains the same as before: keep children safe. The dangers of intoxicated driving, sexual assault, academic or athletic failure, social humiliation, social media embarrassment -- all of these do come up in the lessons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the instructors put a special emphasis on a less visible risk: the potential damage to their brains. And the science backs them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More research is coming out looking at the ways in which all different kinds of substances can hijack normal brain functioning, and particularly so in adolescence,” Danielle Ramo explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In heavily cannabis-using teens, there are some particularly important implications of using cannabis on the frontal lobe, and that interrupts a type of thinking called ‘executive functioning.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also worrisome is a substantial body of research showing that using any potentially addictive substance while the brain is still developing -- whether alcohol, marijuana, nicotine, or other drug -- triggers neurological changes that can lead to addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The earlier teens start using, the more heavily they use in adolescence, the more likely it is that they'll go on to have problems throughout their adulthood,” said Ramo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being Adept instructors don’t say it outright, but the message is clear: If you’re not going to abstain, just push it off for a while. \u003cem>Your brain is too vulnerable right now.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Grellman, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.jennifergrellman.com/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">psychotherapist\u003c/a> in Kentfield and the founder of Being Adept, sums up the strategy in three words, just like the “Just Say No” campaign: “Delay, delay, delay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way to handle that with your kids is to say: ‘You know, you don't have to use this now. Maybe you want to use it someday, but not today, not now. It will always be there.’ Just tell them to \u003cem>wait\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said that advice may be more palatable for some teens, and therefore easier for parents to deliver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not forbidding something (and possibly making it more enticing). They’re not saying “never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Role of Parents\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said parents should talk about drugs and alcohol with their kids often -- as early as fourth grade. Use the new billboards or marijuana ads as an excuse to bring up the topic. Broach the subject obliquely: \u003cem>What do people at your school think about those ads? Do any of your friends know what a dab actually is? Did you see this article on the seventh-grader getting expelled for pot in his locker? What do you think about that? \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to what they say and discuss it. Don’t lecture, but be clear about your expectations, and your values around drugs and alcohol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At every school where Being Adept is taught, Grellman offers a “Parents Night” where parents can learn how to navigate those conversations. Some are encouraged when Grellman tells them that seemingly taboo subjects should be aired:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don't hide Uncle Harry, who is the old drinker, you know? Don't be ashamed to talk. You talk about Uncle Harry all the time,” Grellman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because these kids need to know ‘If I have alcohol, it could be, like, I may have the alcoholic gene,’ ” she added. “It doesn't mean they're going to for sure, but they sure need a heads-up about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same approach can be used for mental illness: “You know, I have anxiety. Your father has this issue. So chances are you might be a little anxious at times, so how are you going to deal with this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just what parents say, it’s what they do, according to Grellman. Children are always watching how their parents use substances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t glamorize it,” she advised. “It doesn't mean you have to become a monk and never have a drop of alcohol, but please drink responsibly. Never use it for stress control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This idea of coming home from the office and saying ‘I've got to have my glass of wine’ ... if you want to have your glass of wine, have your glass of wine, but don't announce it! That you're just at wit's end, and you have to have this drink. “\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said the modeling part becomes tricky when kids ask parents about their past: Did \u003cem>you\u003c/em> party? What drugs did you use?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she led the Parents Night in March at Marin Primary and Secondary, she advised the parents to get ready for that moment, and have answers prepared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>But what if we did party in high school?\u003c/em> Several parents ask. \u003cem>Should we lie?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely not, Grellman said, because if a kid senses dishonesty or hypocrisy, they’ll shut down. The most important thing is to keep the conversations going. If your child knows they can talk to you, no matter what, they will create a \"safety plan” with you. They will reach out to you when trouble comes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>But what do we tell them then?\u003c/em> \u003cem>How can we be honest, without encouraging them?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don't have to tell the full story,” Grellman said. “You could say: ‘You know, I did smoke and I did drink when I was 13.' And if you loved it, I don't know if I would advertise that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could say, ‘I did smoke, or I did drink, when I was 13. And you know, frankly? It was too early for me, man. I made some stupid decisions and I got in trouble.’ You can give them the consequences of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, parents said they felt relieved to have concrete suggestions about how to talk with their kids, and how much was OK to bring up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's much more prevalent than it was when I was growing up in the '80s,” said Joseph Sullivan, a physician from Larkspur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a different time, and so it's nice to hear that we're almost given permission to be talking about these different aspects of drug experimentation at different ages,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His wife, Dr. Sara Sullivan, said she’s glad that the “Just Say No” paradigm is dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just to give the kids more information, I think, is such a different way to approach it and I really appreciate that. And we've kind of started to have conversations in our family because of that,” she explained. “To really kind of take that approach and not be like ‘You're kind of out there on your own.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Californians legalized marijuana in 2016, with 57 percent of the vote. But the momentousness of that decision was somewhat lost in the drama of Donald Trump’s victory. Voters also had to wait over a year for full implementation, while state agencies crafted new regulations for quality, safety and marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the social significance of the vote finally burst into view this Jan. 1, when eager customers -- who had lined up in the darkness outside medical marijuana dispensaries across the state -- streamed through the doors at the stroke of midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the change hasn’t been confined to the cannabis cash register. Everyone has seen the advertising or heard the chatter -- and that includes minors, although marijuana remains illegal for those under 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coming out of SFO airport, there are billboards for \u003ca href=\"https://www.eaze.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Eaze\u003c/a> that say ‘Marijuana is here,’ ” said \u003ca href=\"http://profiles.ucsf.edu/danielle.ramo-larios\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Danielle Ramo\u003c/a>, a psychologist who conducts research at UCSF on adolescent drug use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not sure parents were expecting to see so many images of cannabis all over,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public schools in California are required by law to provide anti-drug abuse education, although experts say the quality of the instruction varies widely from district to district, and there’s little enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was curious to know how marijuana legalization was being discussed in schools, so I embedded with \u003ca href=\"http://livingadept.org/beingadept/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Being Adept\u003c/a>, an evidence-based curriculum that has been used in about 20 schools in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To my surprise, I discovered that the rollout of legal recreational marijuana in California and other states hasn’t led to any big changes in substance abuse prevention. Drug educators have always covered both legal substances (alcohol, tobacco, prescription drugs) and illicit ones (pot, ecstasy, cocaine, LSD, heroin, meth … ). Students have accessed, and abused, both categories of drugs for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I was more struck by the evolution of drug education since the 1980s. Today, drug abuse education is an advanced pedagogy, drawing on decades of rigorous effectiveness research and the newest teaching techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “Just Say No” approach, popularized by Nancy Reagan, has been discredited. The PSAs that Gen-Xers may remember -- the egg in a frying pan (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOnENVylxPI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this is your brain on drugs\u003c/a>”), or the boy calling out his dad’s drug use (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkxCcXHwRkk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">I learned it by watching you!\u003c/a>”) -- live on as memes, but they’re no longer used as messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those scare-tactic-based programs have tended to quite clearly not work, based on most of the research that evaluated its effectiveness,” Ramo said. “Today there is an entirely different mindset about school-based prevention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nutshell, the focus now is on facts, not fear. Also conspicuously absent are simplistic dictates like “just say no.” Instead, teachers spur students to examine data, speculate on motives, discuss risks, and deliberate on their own goals and values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ashley Brady, a Being Adept instructor, was completely open about her method when she stood in front of the eighth-graders at Marin Primary and Middle School, a private school in Larkspur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not here to tell you what to do today. Not at all,” she began. “I'm here to give you the most up-to-date information possible so that you can make your own healthy, informed decisions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brady then jump-started a fast-paced, fact-filled discussion on brain chemistry and physiology. There was an animated video about how marijuana affects dopamine pathways in the brain. Then a discussion about marijuana “edibles” and how they are metabolized by the liver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It can take up to 30 minutes to maybe even an hour or two before it really hits you,” she said. “When somebody eats an edible and they don't really feel the effects, what do you think happens?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They eat more!” a student called out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They eat more,” Brady nodded. “Yeah, an hour, an hour and a half later? Boom! Like a freight train, they've been hit, and, you know, can barely move or can barely talk. That kind of thing. So they may have to go to the hospital.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>True, that sounds a \u003cem>little\u003c/em> scary, but it’s presented neutrally, as a consequence at the end of a sequence of decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_363549\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-363549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2018/05/IMG_8238-e1526427780998-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashley Brady explains the increase over time in marijuana potency to a class of eighth-graders at Marin Primary and Secondary School in Larkspur. \u003ccite>(KQED/Carrie Feibel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Where the legalization of the marijuana industry \u003cem>has\u003c/em> affected the content of these lessons is on the subject of potency. Brady tells the students that legalization has spurred competition and innovation among suppliers, to the point where they’re now churning out extremely potent and precisely calibrated forms of pot called “concentrates,” which comes in various forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brady runs through their names: oil, bubble, shatter, wax and dabs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They call it a ‘dab’ because one tiny little nail head [of it] -- I mean I'm talking like the end of my pinky -- one tiny little nail head is the same as three joints hitting the system all at once. So it’s a lot stronger than it used to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tests of THC levels in marijuana samples over the years back this up. Whereas a typical joint in the '70s probably had a THC level of 4-5 percent, at best, growers are now breeding strains of cannabis that produce buds with THC levels as high as 20-30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the concentrates are in another category altogether. Processed concentrates sold at dispensaries now regularly test at 80, even 90 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's not the same drug,” Brady tells them. People sometimes vomit from concentrates. Some people hallucinate and have even become psychotic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yes, she adds, it can be addictive. Not just psychologically, but physically. People do go into THC withdrawal and do go to rehab for pot addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as she describes the transformation of marijuana from a relatively mild intoxicant to a potentially debilitating one, Brady never once says “that’s why you shouldn’t” or even “so please be careful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, the students applauded this approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made you feel more mature, and that you're in control,\" said Devon Soofer, 13. “This [class] was actually telling you the long-term effects and what it can actually do to you. So it actually made you feel like ‘Wow, this is actually really bad,’ and not just being \u003cem>forced\u003c/em> not to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later units in the Being Adept curriculum give students concrete tools: They rehearse what to do or say at parties, and talk about better ways to cope than using cannabis -- or any substance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramo, who serves as a scientific advisor to Being Adept, decried “the overwhelming stress, anxiety, depression, suicidality that is so pervasive among teens in the United States today, especially in high-intensity educational areas, like a lot of schools in the Bay Area are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Addressing that problem is key,” she added, as is “having teens come up with solutions to manage their stress, that they actually would use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“Delay, Delay, Delay” \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if drug educators aren’t telling students “Don’t!” anymore, what exactly are they telling them to \u003cem>do\u003c/em>? As I observed, they’re not overtly telling them to do anything, because teens are naturally resistant to the authoritarian approach -- and some of them may resist to the point of doing the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The underlying goal of drug education remains the same as before: keep children safe. The dangers of intoxicated driving, sexual assault, academic or athletic failure, social humiliation, social media embarrassment -- all of these do come up in the lessons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the instructors put a special emphasis on a less visible risk: the potential damage to their brains. And the science backs them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More research is coming out looking at the ways in which all different kinds of substances can hijack normal brain functioning, and particularly so in adolescence,” Danielle Ramo explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In heavily cannabis-using teens, there are some particularly important implications of using cannabis on the frontal lobe, and that interrupts a type of thinking called ‘executive functioning.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also worrisome is a substantial body of research showing that using any potentially addictive substance while the brain is still developing -- whether alcohol, marijuana, nicotine, or other drug -- triggers neurological changes that can lead to addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The earlier teens start using, the more heavily they use in adolescence, the more likely it is that they'll go on to have problems throughout their adulthood,” said Ramo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being Adept instructors don’t say it outright, but the message is clear: If you’re not going to abstain, just push it off for a while. \u003cem>Your brain is too vulnerable right now.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Grellman, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.jennifergrellman.com/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">psychotherapist\u003c/a> in Kentfield and the founder of Being Adept, sums up the strategy in three words, just like the “Just Say No” campaign: “Delay, delay, delay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way to handle that with your kids is to say: ‘You know, you don't have to use this now. Maybe you want to use it someday, but not today, not now. It will always be there.’ Just tell them to \u003cem>wait\u003c/em>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said that advice may be more palatable for some teens, and therefore easier for parents to deliver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not forbidding something (and possibly making it more enticing). They’re not saying “never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Role of Parents\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said parents should talk about drugs and alcohol with their kids often -- as early as fourth grade. Use the new billboards or marijuana ads as an excuse to bring up the topic. Broach the subject obliquely: \u003cem>What do people at your school think about those ads? Do any of your friends know what a dab actually is? Did you see this article on the seventh-grader getting expelled for pot in his locker? What do you think about that? \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to what they say and discuss it. Don’t lecture, but be clear about your expectations, and your values around drugs and alcohol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At every school where Being Adept is taught, Grellman offers a “Parents Night” where parents can learn how to navigate those conversations. Some are encouraged when Grellman tells them that seemingly taboo subjects should be aired:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don't hide Uncle Harry, who is the old drinker, you know? Don't be ashamed to talk. You talk about Uncle Harry all the time,” Grellman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because these kids need to know ‘If I have alcohol, it could be, like, I may have the alcoholic gene,’ ” she added. “It doesn't mean they're going to for sure, but they sure need a heads-up about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same approach can be used for mental illness: “You know, I have anxiety. Your father has this issue. So chances are you might be a little anxious at times, so how are you going to deal with this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just what parents say, it’s what they do, according to Grellman. Children are always watching how their parents use substances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t glamorize it,” she advised. “It doesn't mean you have to become a monk and never have a drop of alcohol, but please drink responsibly. Never use it for stress control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This idea of coming home from the office and saying ‘I've got to have my glass of wine’ ... if you want to have your glass of wine, have your glass of wine, but don't announce it! That you're just at wit's end, and you have to have this drink. “\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grellman said the modeling part becomes tricky when kids ask parents about their past: Did \u003cem>you\u003c/em> party? What drugs did you use?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she led the Parents Night in March at Marin Primary and Secondary, she advised the parents to get ready for that moment, and have answers prepared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>But what if we did party in high school?\u003c/em> Several parents ask. \u003cem>Should we lie?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Absolutely not, Grellman said, because if a kid senses dishonesty or hypocrisy, they’ll shut down. The most important thing is to keep the conversations going. If your child knows they can talk to you, no matter what, they will create a \"safety plan” with you. They will reach out to you when trouble comes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>But what do we tell them then?\u003c/em> \u003cem>How can we be honest, without encouraging them?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don't have to tell the full story,” Grellman said. “You could say: ‘You know, I did smoke and I did drink when I was 13.' And if you loved it, I don't know if I would advertise that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could say, ‘I did smoke, or I did drink, when I was 13. And you know, frankly? It was too early for me, man. I made some stupid decisions and I got in trouble.’ You can give them the consequences of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afterward, parents said they felt relieved to have concrete suggestions about how to talk with their kids, and how much was OK to bring up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's much more prevalent than it was when I was growing up in the '80s,” said Joseph Sullivan, a physician from Larkspur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a different time, and so it's nice to hear that we're almost given permission to be talking about these different aspects of drug experimentation at different ages,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His wife, Dr. Sara Sullivan, said she’s glad that the “Just Say No” paradigm is dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just to give the kids more information, I think, is such a different way to approach it and I really appreciate that. And we've kind of started to have conversations in our family because of that,” she explained. “To really kind of take that approach and not be like ‘You're kind of out there on your own.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Judge Overturns California Law Allowing Life-Ending Drugs",
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"content": "\u003cp>SACRAMENTO — A California judge on Tuesday threw out a 2016 state law allowing the terminally ill to end their lives, ruling it was unconstitutionally approved by the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riverside County Superior Court Judge Daniel Ottolia said lawmakers acted illegally in passing the law during a special session devoted to other topics, said lawyers for supporters and opponents. He did not address the legal issue of whether it was proper to allow people to take their own lives, and gave the state attorney general five days to appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We strongly disagree with this ruling and the state is seeking expedited review in the Court of Appeal,” Attorney General Xavier Becerra said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://lifelegaldefensefoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Life Legal Defense Foundation\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://ethicalhealthcare.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">American Academy of Medical Ethics\u003c/a> and several physicians challenged the law, which allows adults to obtain a prescription for life-ending drugs if a doctor has determined they have six months or less to live. The plaintiffs say the law lacks safeguards to protect against abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials reported that 111 terminally ill people took drugs to end their lives in the first six months after the law went into effect on June 9, 2016, and made the option legal in the nation’s most populous state. Oregon was the first to provide the option in 1997. There are also laws on the books in Washington state, Vermont, Colorado, Hawaii, Montana and Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.compassionandchoices.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Compassion & Choices\u003c/a>, a national organization that advocated for the law, estimated that in its first year 504 Californians requested prescriptions for medical aid in dying, but had no further update Tuesday. The next report on how many people took the drugs is due in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our supporters, they’ve frankly expressed shock at this outcome. They’re disappointed that this end-of-life option could be taken away,” said John Kappos, an attorney representing Compassion & Choices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexandra Snyder, an attorney and executive director of Life Legal Defense Foundation, said the judge ruled that lawmakers effectively “hijacked” a special legislative session that was called to address access to medical care and used it to pass their bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Access to health care has no relationship to assisted suicide,” she said, saying it set a dangerous precedent that undermines the legislative process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents have argued that hastening death is morally wrong, puts terminally ill patients at risk for coerced death by loved ones and could become a way out for people who are uninsured or fearful of high medical bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have people at likely the most vulnerable time of their lives. Potentially facing large medical expenses,” Snyder said. “And that puts them in a position of being vulnerable to pressure not just from families but their own pressure that maybe this is a cheaper, less burdensome way to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic state \u003ca href=\"http://sd17.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sen. Bill Monning\u003c/a> of Carmel, who carried the original legislation, said the bill was properly considered in the special session and followed “every rule of transparency and openness.” Lawmakers could try to pass it again if the law ultimately is rejected by the courts, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, he said, there has been “not a single report of malfeasance or problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems a very desperate move — trying to argue that the way we did it in a special session of the Legislature should be grounds for invalidating the law. It was Gov. [Jerry] Brown who signed the law. He could have vetoed the bill or refused to sign it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monning said he has received several letters of thanks from relatives of patients who took life-ending medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly Davis’ 41-year-old sister, Betsy Davis, was one of the first to use the law as she was dying of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, commonly known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, that slowly robbed her of her ability to use her muscles, including to swallow and communicate. She held a two-day party in Ojai to celebrate the end of her life with about two dozen friends, giving away her possessions and ordering her favorite foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I keep thinking of all the people who are facing a terminal illness and they’re considering the use of this law, and they’re in limbo right now and this right might be taken away from them,” Davis said. “It gave her back control of her life, it let her die on her own terms. And if this had happened leading up to her death or when she thought she’d be able to use the law, she would have been devastated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Attorney General’s Office said in court papers that medical professionals have the right to refuse to prescribe and dispense the drugs. Under the law, the terminally ill person must be able to self-administer the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Laura Klivans and the Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SACRAMENTO — A California judge on Tuesday threw out a 2016 state law allowing the terminally ill to end their lives, ruling it was unconstitutionally approved by the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riverside County Superior Court Judge Daniel Ottolia said lawmakers acted illegally in passing the law during a special session devoted to other topics, said lawyers for supporters and opponents. He did not address the legal issue of whether it was proper to allow people to take their own lives, and gave the state attorney general five days to appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We strongly disagree with this ruling and the state is seeking expedited review in the Court of Appeal,” Attorney General Xavier Becerra said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://lifelegaldefensefoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Life Legal Defense Foundation\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://ethicalhealthcare.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">American Academy of Medical Ethics\u003c/a> and several physicians challenged the law, which allows adults to obtain a prescription for life-ending drugs if a doctor has determined they have six months or less to live. The plaintiffs say the law lacks safeguards to protect against abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials reported that 111 terminally ill people took drugs to end their lives in the first six months after the law went into effect on June 9, 2016, and made the option legal in the nation’s most populous state. Oregon was the first to provide the option in 1997. There are also laws on the books in Washington state, Vermont, Colorado, Hawaii, Montana and Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.compassionandchoices.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Compassion & Choices\u003c/a>, a national organization that advocated for the law, estimated that in its first year 504 Californians requested prescriptions for medical aid in dying, but had no further update Tuesday. The next report on how many people took the drugs is due in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our supporters, they’ve frankly expressed shock at this outcome. They’re disappointed that this end-of-life option could be taken away,” said John Kappos, an attorney representing Compassion & Choices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexandra Snyder, an attorney and executive director of Life Legal Defense Foundation, said the judge ruled that lawmakers effectively “hijacked” a special legislative session that was called to address access to medical care and used it to pass their bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Access to health care has no relationship to assisted suicide,” she said, saying it set a dangerous precedent that undermines the legislative process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents have argued that hastening death is morally wrong, puts terminally ill patients at risk for coerced death by loved ones and could become a way out for people who are uninsured or fearful of high medical bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have people at likely the most vulnerable time of their lives. Potentially facing large medical expenses,” Snyder said. “And that puts them in a position of being vulnerable to pressure not just from families but their own pressure that maybe this is a cheaper, less burdensome way to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic state \u003ca href=\"http://sd17.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sen. Bill Monning\u003c/a> of Carmel, who carried the original legislation, said the bill was properly considered in the special session and followed “every rule of transparency and openness.” Lawmakers could try to pass it again if the law ultimately is rejected by the courts, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, he said, there has been “not a single report of malfeasance or problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems a very desperate move — trying to argue that the way we did it in a special session of the Legislature should be grounds for invalidating the law. It was Gov. [Jerry] Brown who signed the law. He could have vetoed the bill or refused to sign it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monning said he has received several letters of thanks from relatives of patients who took life-ending medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly Davis’ 41-year-old sister, Betsy Davis, was one of the first to use the law as she was dying of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, commonly known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, that slowly robbed her of her ability to use her muscles, including to swallow and communicate. She held a two-day party in Ojai to celebrate the end of her life with about two dozen friends, giving away her possessions and ordering her favorite foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I keep thinking of all the people who are facing a terminal illness and they’re considering the use of this law, and they’re in limbo right now and this right might be taken away from them,” Davis said. “It gave her back control of her life, it let her die on her own terms. And if this had happened leading up to her death or when she thought she’d be able to use the law, she would have been devastated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Attorney General’s Office said in court papers that medical professionals have the right to refuse to prescribe and dispense the drugs. Under the law, the terminally ill person must be able to self-administer the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Laura Klivans and the Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A woman named Katherine said she was raped by an Uber driver in 2016. Another, named Lauren, said a driver entered her apartment, then raped her last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, their claims — and many more like them — could not be made public or filed in court. Uber previously required that such complaints be resolved in mandatory arbitration — out of court and behind closed doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the ride-hailing company \u003ca href=\"https://www.uber.com/newsroom/turning-the-lights-on/\">announced \u003c/a>that it's changing its policies to allow customers, employees and drivers who are sexually harassed or assaulted to take their complaints to court and to speak publicly about their experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Katherine and Lauren were among 14 female victims who sent an \u003ca href=\"http://www.wigdorlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Uber-Sexual-Assault-Victims-Open-Letter-to-Uber-s-Board-of-Directors.pdf\">open letter\u003c/a> to Uber's board, pointing to the company's own sexual harassment problems and the #MeToo movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Silencing our stories deprives customers and potential investors from the knowledge that our horrific experiences are part of a widespread problem at Uber,\" they wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women's demand — and Uber's response — highlight the significance of mandatory arbitration agreements, which are increasingly common. The provisions are usually in the fine print — and most people who sign the agreements don't know they have signed away their right to sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tony West, Uber's chief legal officer, says the change came after months of introspection at the company, which is trying to reform its culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're focused on transparency, integrity and accountability at the center and core of everything we do,\" and this policy change was part of that, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeanne Christensen, the attorney representing the women who wrote the letter, says the change caught her by surprise. She says Uber had fought hard, until very recently, to keep the women's claims under wraps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We wrote the open letter since we were getting, by all indications, that Uber was going to do more of the same and try to get this into arbitration,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/611230115/611389779\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christensen had already filed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wigdorlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Uber-Amended-Complaint-Filed.pdf\">lawsuit on behalf of nine female passengers\u003c/a> seeking to remove the arbitration requirement and compel Uber to adopt safety measures, including fingerprinting all its drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's happening is more and more riders are becoming aware of the dangers that are associated with this — and it's really just because of our litigation. It's not because Uber has proactively messaged to women that this is a safety concern,\" Christensen says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's worth noting the limits of Uber's policy reversal. For one thing, it is \u003cem>not \u003c/em>allowing victims to bring cases jointly as a class, but only individually. Worker and victim advocates say that limits claims because many victims don't have the resources to pursue cases alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the change applies only to sexual harassment and assault. Uber still requires mandatory arbitration in other disputes, such as those involving payment or discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anything else that is not sexual assault or sexual harassment, those will be typically subject to arbitration and ... Uber is like most other companies in that regard,\" West says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just how far companies can go in enforcing mandatory arbitration agreements is playing out in courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate case, thousands of Uber drivers claim they should receive the legal rights and benefits as employees, instead of being classified as independent contractors. That case awaits a key ruling from the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Under+Pressure%2C+Uber+Drops+Arbitration+Requirement+for+Sexual+Assault+Victims&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A woman named Katherine said she was raped by an Uber driver in 2016. Another, named Lauren, said a driver entered her apartment, then raped her last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, their claims — and many more like them — could not be made public or filed in court. Uber previously required that such complaints be resolved in mandatory arbitration — out of court and behind closed doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the ride-hailing company \u003ca href=\"https://www.uber.com/newsroom/turning-the-lights-on/\">announced \u003c/a>that it's changing its policies to allow customers, employees and drivers who are sexually harassed or assaulted to take their complaints to court and to speak publicly about their experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Katherine and Lauren were among 14 female victims who sent an \u003ca href=\"http://www.wigdorlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Uber-Sexual-Assault-Victims-Open-Letter-to-Uber-s-Board-of-Directors.pdf\">open letter\u003c/a> to Uber's board, pointing to the company's own sexual harassment problems and the #MeToo movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Silencing our stories deprives customers and potential investors from the knowledge that our horrific experiences are part of a widespread problem at Uber,\" they wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women's demand — and Uber's response — highlight the significance of mandatory arbitration agreements, which are increasingly common. The provisions are usually in the fine print — and most people who sign the agreements don't know they have signed away their right to sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tony West, Uber's chief legal officer, says the change came after months of introspection at the company, which is trying to reform its culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're focused on transparency, integrity and accountability at the center and core of everything we do,\" and this policy change was part of that, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeanne Christensen, the attorney representing the women who wrote the letter, says the change caught her by surprise. She says Uber had fought hard, until very recently, to keep the women's claims under wraps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We wrote the open letter since we were getting, by all indications, that Uber was going to do more of the same and try to get this into arbitration,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/611230115/611389779\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christensen had already filed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wigdorlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Uber-Amended-Complaint-Filed.pdf\">lawsuit on behalf of nine female passengers\u003c/a> seeking to remove the arbitration requirement and compel Uber to adopt safety measures, including fingerprinting all its drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's happening is more and more riders are becoming aware of the dangers that are associated with this — and it's really just because of our litigation. It's not because Uber has proactively messaged to women that this is a safety concern,\" Christensen says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's worth noting the limits of Uber's policy reversal. For one thing, it is \u003cem>not \u003c/em>allowing victims to bring cases jointly as a class, but only individually. Worker and victim advocates say that limits claims because many victims don't have the resources to pursue cases alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the change applies only to sexual harassment and assault. Uber still requires mandatory arbitration in other disputes, such as those involving payment or discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anything else that is not sexual assault or sexual harassment, those will be typically subject to arbitration and ... Uber is like most other companies in that regard,\" West says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just how far companies can go in enforcing mandatory arbitration agreements is playing out in courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate case, thousands of Uber drivers claim they should receive the legal rights and benefits as employees, instead of being classified as independent contractors. That case awaits a key ruling from the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Under+Pressure%2C+Uber+Drops+Arbitration+Requirement+for+Sexual+Assault+Victims&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "10 Children Living Amid Feces in Fairfield Were Tortured for 'Sadistic Purpose,' Police Say",
"headTitle": "10 Children Living Amid Feces in Fairfield Were Tortured for ‘Sadistic Purpose,’ Police Say | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Behind closed doors, 10 children were living in a California home strewn with feces and rotten food. They were also physically abused for a “sadistic purpose,” said Solano County Chief Deputy District Attorney Sharon Henry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That conclusion was drawn after police received a report that the oldest child had gone missing. Officers arrived at the house on March 31 and found nine children — ranging in age from 4 months to 11 years — living in squalor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fairfield Police Lt. Greg Hurlbut, there was “garbage and spoiled food on the floor, animal and human feces and a large amount of debris making areas of the house unpassable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The missing 12-year-old was found sleeping under a bush nearby, but officers decided to contact the Solano County Child Welfare Office, which removed the children from the house. They were placed in the custody of relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then Child Welfare Services, the Fairfield Police Department’s Family Violence Unit and the Solano County District Attorney’s Office launched an investigation. They uncovered “a long and continuous history of severe physical and emotional abuse,” the police said in a \u003ca href=\"http://nixle.us/A56KC\">written statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conversations with eight of the children revealed cruelty and brutality. The kids described “incidents of intentional abuse resulting in puncture wounds, burns, bruising and injuries consistent with being shot with a pellet gun or a BB gun,” Hurlbut said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police arrested their father, 29-year-old Jonathan Allen, on Friday. Neighbors of the quiet cul-de-sac \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/10-Children-Rescued-from--482574311.html?_osource=SocialFlowTwt_BAYBrand\">told NBC Bay Area\u003c/a> that police had their guns drawn during his arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668416\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668416\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ap_18134765190748-903ffce669e16f106281bf6017963957071d31bb-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The bathroom of the home in Fairfield is strewn with feces.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The bathroom of the home in Fairfield is strewn with feces. \u003ccite>(Rich Pedroncelli/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen was booked into the county jail and is being held on $5.2 million bail, said police. He has pleaded not guilty to seven counts of torture and nine counts of felony child abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the children’s maternal grandmother described Allen as “a monster” \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/10-Children-Rescued-from--482574311.html?_osource=SocialFlowTwt_BAYBrand\">to NBC Bay Area\u003c/a>. She provided photos of a room where she said he worshiped the devil. “He would put duct tape on our eyes, lay us on the floor, tell us we couldn’t move, and if we did he would just pounce us and beat us all in the stomach. He said the demons were making him do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ina Rogers, the children’s mother, was booked on child endangerment charges the night the police arrived in March. She was released on April 9 after posting a $10,000 bail. She has been charged with neglect and could face additional charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers said her home was in disarray because of the search for her missing son. “I was afraid that I could not find him,” she \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LauraAnthony7/status/996101626816413696\">told reporters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, she invited members of the media to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JodiHernandezTV/status/996122170957840384\">tour her house\u003c/a> and they found cluttered rooms and a bathroom floor covered in excrement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/JodiHernandezTV/status/996122170957840384\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 10 children shared a single bedroom, Rogers told reporters, while three other rooms served as the master bedroom, playroom and a meditation room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also told\u003ca href=\"http://abc7news.com/fairfield-mother-accused-of-abusing-10-kids-speaks-out-after-husbands-arrest/3472588/\"> ABC 7 News\u003c/a> that she was being judged for home-schooling her children. Neighbors said they never saw or heard the children — eight of whom are reported to be Allen’s biologically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All these allegations are ludicrous,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JodiHernandezTV/status/996120781573652480\">Rogers said\u003c/a>. “And all I need is good defense to look into this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=10+Children+Living+Amid+Feces+Were+Tortured+For+%27Sadistic+Purpose%2C%27+Police+Say&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Behind closed doors, 10 children were living in a California home strewn with feces and rotten food. They were also physically abused for a “sadistic purpose,” said Solano County Chief Deputy District Attorney Sharon Henry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That conclusion was drawn after police received a report that the oldest child had gone missing. Officers arrived at the house on March 31 and found nine children — ranging in age from 4 months to 11 years — living in squalor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fairfield Police Lt. Greg Hurlbut, there was “garbage and spoiled food on the floor, animal and human feces and a large amount of debris making areas of the house unpassable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The missing 12-year-old was found sleeping under a bush nearby, but officers decided to contact the Solano County Child Welfare Office, which removed the children from the house. They were placed in the custody of relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then Child Welfare Services, the Fairfield Police Department’s Family Violence Unit and the Solano County District Attorney’s Office launched an investigation. They uncovered “a long and continuous history of severe physical and emotional abuse,” the police said in a \u003ca href=\"http://nixle.us/A56KC\">written statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conversations with eight of the children revealed cruelty and brutality. The kids described “incidents of intentional abuse resulting in puncture wounds, burns, bruising and injuries consistent with being shot with a pellet gun or a BB gun,” Hurlbut said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police arrested their father, 29-year-old Jonathan Allen, on Friday. Neighbors of the quiet cul-de-sac \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/10-Children-Rescued-from--482574311.html?_osource=SocialFlowTwt_BAYBrand\">told NBC Bay Area\u003c/a> that police had their guns drawn during his arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668416\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11668416\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ap_18134765190748-903ffce669e16f106281bf6017963957071d31bb-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The bathroom of the home in Fairfield is strewn with feces.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The bathroom of the home in Fairfield is strewn with feces. \u003ccite>(Rich Pedroncelli/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen was booked into the county jail and is being held on $5.2 million bail, said police. He has pleaded not guilty to seven counts of torture and nine counts of felony child abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the children’s maternal grandmother described Allen as “a monster” \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/10-Children-Rescued-from--482574311.html?_osource=SocialFlowTwt_BAYBrand\">to NBC Bay Area\u003c/a>. She provided photos of a room where she said he worshiped the devil. “He would put duct tape on our eyes, lay us on the floor, tell us we couldn’t move, and if we did he would just pounce us and beat us all in the stomach. He said the demons were making him do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ina Rogers, the children’s mother, was booked on child endangerment charges the night the police arrived in March. She was released on April 9 after posting a $10,000 bail. She has been charged with neglect and could face additional charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers said her home was in disarray because of the search for her missing son. “I was afraid that I could not find him,” she \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LauraAnthony7/status/996101626816413696\">told reporters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, she invited members of the media to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JodiHernandezTV/status/996122170957840384\">tour her house\u003c/a> and they found cluttered rooms and a bathroom floor covered in excrement.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The 10 children shared a single bedroom, Rogers told reporters, while three other rooms served as the master bedroom, playroom and a meditation room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also told\u003ca href=\"http://abc7news.com/fairfield-mother-accused-of-abusing-10-kids-speaks-out-after-husbands-arrest/3472588/\"> ABC 7 News\u003c/a> that she was being judged for home-schooling her children. Neighbors said they never saw or heard the children — eight of whom are reported to be Allen’s biologically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All these allegations are ludicrous,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JodiHernandezTV/status/996120781573652480\">Rogers said\u003c/a>. “And all I need is good defense to look into this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=10+Children+Living+Amid+Feces+Were+Tortured+For+%27Sadistic+Purpose%2C%27+Police+Say&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
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"id": "city-arts",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"here-and-now": {
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
},
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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