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"content": "\u003cp>Immigrants with specialized skills are being denied work visas or seeing applications get caught up in lengthy bureaucratic tangles under federal changes that some consider a contradiction to President Donald Trump’s promise of a continued pathway to the U.S. for the most talented foreigners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting what’s known as an H-1B visa has never been a sure thing — the number issued annually is capped at 85,000 and applicants need to enter a lottery to even be considered. But some immigration attorneys, as well as those who hire such workers, say they’ve seen unprecedented disruptions in the approval process since Trump took office in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652014/trump-administration-restricts-h-1b-worker-visas-coveted-by-high-tech\">Trump Administration Restricts H-1B Worker Visas Coveted By High Tech\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652014/trump-administration-restricts-h-1b-worker-visas-coveted-by-high-tech\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/uscis-1_custom-377f855cafc2d8e2550bcdb050dddc14d2df3573.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“You see all these arguments that we want the best and the brightest coming here,” said John Goslow, an immigration attorney in Ann Arbor, Michigan. “Yet we’re seeing a full-frontal assault on just all aspects of immigration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For American businesses, it has a bottom-line impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Link Wilson, an architect who co-founded a firm in Bloomington, Minnesota, said finding enough qualified workers within the U.S. has been a problem for years, in part due to a shortage of architects. He said employers who turn to international applicants do so as a last resort, putting up with legal fees and ever-expanding visa approval times because they have no other choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re just at the point where there’s no one else to hire,” said Wilson, who estimates his firm turned away about $1 million in projects last year because it didn’t have enough staff to handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three months after taking office, Trump issued his “Buy American and Hire American” \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-executive-order-buy-american-hire-american/\">executive order\u003c/a> , directing Cabinet officials to suggest reforms to ensure that H-1B visas are awarded to the “most-skilled or highest-paid” applicants to help promote the hiring of Americans for jobs that might otherwise go to immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Subsequent memos have allowed for greater discretion in denying applications without first requesting additional information from an applicant, tossed the deference given to people seeking to renew their H-1Bs, and raised concern that the government would revoke work permits for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707255/what-silicon-valley-could-lose-if-trump-revokes-h-1b-spousal-work-visas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spouses of H-1B holders\u003c/a>. One order restricted companies’ ability to use H-1B workers off-site at a customer’s place of business, while another temporarily rescinded the option of paying for faster application processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\">Indian Entrepreneurs With No Green Cards Pursue Silicon Valley Dreams Elsewhere\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/USA_FamilyPhoto-1020x681.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Attorneys who handle these applications say one of the biggest shifts is an increase in “requests for evidence,” or RFEs, from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. An RFE can delay a visa for months or longer as applicants and employers are forced to submit additional documentation over things such as the applicability of a college degree to a prospective job or whether the wage being offered is appropriate. If the responses are unsatisfactory, a visa may be denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re just blocking the avenues so that employers will get frustrated and they won’t employ foreign nationals,” said Dakshini Sen, an immigration lawyer in Houston whose caseload is mostly H-1B applications. “We have to write and write and write and explain and explain and explain each and every point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Resources/Reports%20and%20Studies/Immigration%20Forms%20Data/BAHA/h-1B-quarterly-requests-for-evidence-2015-2019-Q1-top-30-employers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USCIS data\u003c/a> released on Friday shows an increase in the number of completed H-1B applications receiving an RFE, from about 21 percent in the 2016 fiscal year to 38 percent last fiscal year. The number continued to rise in the first quarter of this fiscal year, to 60 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of applications with such requests were ultimately denied, while the approval rate among all applicants has fallen. Approvals also dipped in two other visa programs for foreign workers, including one for individuals with extraordinary abilities in areas such as science, sports and the arts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Collins, a spokeswoman for USCIS, linked the changes to the president’s executive order, saying the goal was to reduce “frivolous” petitions and that “it is incumbent upon the petitioner, not the government” to prove eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some employers note traditional three-year renewable terms of H-1Bs have also been changing; one \u003ca href=\"https://nfap.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Doc-1-Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuit\u003c/a> by an organization representing information technology companies claims some visas were valid for only a few days or had expired before they were even received.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712941/deported-oakland-nurse-reunites-with-children-in-the-bay-area-after-16-months\">Deported Oakland Nurse Reunites With Children in the Bay Area After 16 Months\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712941/deported-oakland-nurse-reunites-with-children-in-the-bay-area-after-16-months\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34481_Maria-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Meantime, a vague \u003ca href=\"https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?RIN=1615-AC13&pubId=201810\">entry\u003c/a> published in the Federal Register last fall advised that the Department of Homeland Security would propose additional revisions to focus on attracting “the best and the brightest” and to “ensure employers pay appropriate wages” to H-1B visa holders, which has raised alarms that the administration will move to narrow the definition of who qualifies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caught in the crosshairs are workers like Leo Wang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang, 32, spent six years after college in his native China learning all he could about data and analytics. He got into the University of Southern California, interned at a major venture capital firm and wasted no time after finishing his master’s before starting on another degree. He couch-surfed, passed up an enticing foreign job offer and amassed educational debt all in pursuit of the dream that ultimately came true: A six-figure Silicon Valley job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as it took Wang to achieve his goal, it disappeared in record time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang was working at Seagate Technology under an immigration provision known as Optional Practical Training, which gives those on student visas permission to work. But that expired last year, and because his H-1B application was in flux, he was forced to take a leave from Seagate and withdraw from the master’s program he was pursuing at Berkeley. He says he and his company dutifully responded to an RFE, compiling examples of his work at Seagate. But on Jan. 11, Wang got a final answer: He was denied an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All I wanted was to be able to see my American dream,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandra Feist, an immigration attorney in Minneapolis, said talented foreigners discouraged by the visa process are beginning to look at opportunities in other countries, and she questions what that means for America’s future, especially if top-tier researchers who could contribute to science and medicine are turned away.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘At a time when the number of job vacancies are reaching historic highs due to labor shortages, now is not the time to restrict access to talent.’\u003ccite>a letter from CEOs for companies including Apple, Ford and Coca-Cola to Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One of her clients, a computer systems analyst from India with a master’s degree from a U.S. college, filed his petition for an H-1B in April 2017 with 101 pages of documentation. He received an RFE, and a 176-page response was filed, with additional paperwork attempting to prove just how complicated the position was. He was denied. Feist filed a 282-page appeal, requesting that the file be reopened. Though the appeal was approved, there was a second RFE, which Feist said raises the same issues she already responded to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a U.S. work visa unlikely, that client is applying for permanent residency in Canada with his wife and U.S. citizen child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEOs for companies including Apple, Ford and Coca-Cola penned a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessroundtable.org/letter-to-department-of-homeland-security-on-immigration-policies\">letter\u003c/a> to Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen in August, saying immigration policy changes were undermining economic growth. “At a time when the number of job vacancies are reaching historic highs due to labor shortages,” they said, “now is not the time to restrict access to talent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A provision for immigration based on skills, education and employer needs dates back to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, and the visa now known as the H-1B has until recently enjoyed wide support among politicians on both the left and the right. A Pew Research Center \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewglobal.org/2019/01/22/majority-of-u-s-public-supports-high-skilled-immigration/\">survey\u003c/a> last year found broad approval for high-skilled immigrants among the public, as well, with support at 83 percent among Democrats polled and 73 percent of Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11648086/confusion-over-tps-work-permits-worries-employers-immigrants\">Employers, Immigrants Grapple With Uncertainty Over TPS Work Permits\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11648086/confusion-over-tps-work-permits-worries-employers-immigrants\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29269_IMG_1354-qut-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Trump has vacillated on the issue. During a March 2016 presidential debate, then-candidate Trump was asked about his opposition to visas for skilled workers, to which he \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/03/03/the-fox-news-gop-debate-transcript-annotated/?utm_term=.34ce5b34c70d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a>, “I’m changing” and that he saw such policies as a way to keep top international students in the U.S. “We absolutely have to be able to keep the brain power in this country,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His campaign followed that with a \u003ca href=\"http://web.archive.org/web/20160416001802/https:/www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-position-on-visas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> saying: “The H-1B program is neither high-skilled nor immigration: these are temporary foreign workers, imported from abroad, for the explicit purpose of substituting for American workers at lower pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Trump again reverted to a more conciliatory note, \u003ca href=\"https://mobile.twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1083705208834834433\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tweeting\u003c/a> that H1-B holders “can rest assured that changes are soon coming which will bring both simplicity and certainty to your stay, including a potential path to citizenship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in China now, Wang isn’t sure what to make of Trump’s words. He’s talked to a friend from Seagate, now at a Swedish firm, about openings there, and a former boss in Singapore has some prospects for him as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still believe in the American dream,” he says. “It’s just that I personally have to pursue it somewhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Immigrants with specialized skills are being denied work visas or seeing applications get caught up in lengthy bureaucratic tangles under federal changes that some consider a contradiction to President Donald Trump’s promise of a continued pathway to the U.S. for the most talented foreigners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting what’s known as an H-1B visa has never been a sure thing — the number issued annually is capped at 85,000 and applicants need to enter a lottery to even be considered. But some immigration attorneys, as well as those who hire such workers, say they’ve seen unprecedented disruptions in the approval process since Trump took office in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652014/trump-administration-restricts-h-1b-worker-visas-coveted-by-high-tech\">Trump Administration Restricts H-1B Worker Visas Coveted By High Tech\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652014/trump-administration-restricts-h-1b-worker-visas-coveted-by-high-tech\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/uscis-1_custom-377f855cafc2d8e2550bcdb050dddc14d2df3573.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“You see all these arguments that we want the best and the brightest coming here,” said John Goslow, an immigration attorney in Ann Arbor, Michigan. “Yet we’re seeing a full-frontal assault on just all aspects of immigration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For American businesses, it has a bottom-line impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Link Wilson, an architect who co-founded a firm in Bloomington, Minnesota, said finding enough qualified workers within the U.S. has been a problem for years, in part due to a shortage of architects. He said employers who turn to international applicants do so as a last resort, putting up with legal fees and ever-expanding visa approval times because they have no other choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re just at the point where there’s no one else to hire,” said Wilson, who estimates his firm turned away about $1 million in projects last year because it didn’t have enough staff to handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three months after taking office, Trump issued his “Buy American and Hire American” \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-executive-order-buy-american-hire-american/\">executive order\u003c/a> , directing Cabinet officials to suggest reforms to ensure that H-1B visas are awarded to the “most-skilled or highest-paid” applicants to help promote the hiring of Americans for jobs that might otherwise go to immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Subsequent memos have allowed for greater discretion in denying applications without first requesting additional information from an applicant, tossed the deference given to people seeking to renew their H-1Bs, and raised concern that the government would revoke work permits for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707255/what-silicon-valley-could-lose-if-trump-revokes-h-1b-spousal-work-visas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spouses of H-1B holders\u003c/a>. One order restricted companies’ ability to use H-1B workers off-site at a customer’s place of business, while another temporarily rescinded the option of paying for faster application processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\">Indian Entrepreneurs With No Green Cards Pursue Silicon Valley Dreams Elsewhere\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/USA_FamilyPhoto-1020x681.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Attorneys who handle these applications say one of the biggest shifts is an increase in “requests for evidence,” or RFEs, from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. An RFE can delay a visa for months or longer as applicants and employers are forced to submit additional documentation over things such as the applicability of a college degree to a prospective job or whether the wage being offered is appropriate. If the responses are unsatisfactory, a visa may be denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re just blocking the avenues so that employers will get frustrated and they won’t employ foreign nationals,” said Dakshini Sen, an immigration lawyer in Houston whose caseload is mostly H-1B applications. “We have to write and write and write and explain and explain and explain each and every point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Resources/Reports%20and%20Studies/Immigration%20Forms%20Data/BAHA/h-1B-quarterly-requests-for-evidence-2015-2019-Q1-top-30-employers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USCIS data\u003c/a> released on Friday shows an increase in the number of completed H-1B applications receiving an RFE, from about 21 percent in the 2016 fiscal year to 38 percent last fiscal year. The number continued to rise in the first quarter of this fiscal year, to 60 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of applications with such requests were ultimately denied, while the approval rate among all applicants has fallen. Approvals also dipped in two other visa programs for foreign workers, including one for individuals with extraordinary abilities in areas such as science, sports and the arts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Collins, a spokeswoman for USCIS, linked the changes to the president’s executive order, saying the goal was to reduce “frivolous” petitions and that “it is incumbent upon the petitioner, not the government” to prove eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some employers note traditional three-year renewable terms of H-1Bs have also been changing; one \u003ca href=\"https://nfap.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Doc-1-Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuit\u003c/a> by an organization representing information technology companies claims some visas were valid for only a few days or had expired before they were even received.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712941/deported-oakland-nurse-reunites-with-children-in-the-bay-area-after-16-months\">Deported Oakland Nurse Reunites With Children in the Bay Area After 16 Months\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712941/deported-oakland-nurse-reunites-with-children-in-the-bay-area-after-16-months\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34481_Maria-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Meantime, a vague \u003ca href=\"https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?RIN=1615-AC13&pubId=201810\">entry\u003c/a> published in the Federal Register last fall advised that the Department of Homeland Security would propose additional revisions to focus on attracting “the best and the brightest” and to “ensure employers pay appropriate wages” to H-1B visa holders, which has raised alarms that the administration will move to narrow the definition of who qualifies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caught in the crosshairs are workers like Leo Wang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang, 32, spent six years after college in his native China learning all he could about data and analytics. He got into the University of Southern California, interned at a major venture capital firm and wasted no time after finishing his master’s before starting on another degree. He couch-surfed, passed up an enticing foreign job offer and amassed educational debt all in pursuit of the dream that ultimately came true: A six-figure Silicon Valley job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as it took Wang to achieve his goal, it disappeared in record time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang was working at Seagate Technology under an immigration provision known as Optional Practical Training, which gives those on student visas permission to work. But that expired last year, and because his H-1B application was in flux, he was forced to take a leave from Seagate and withdraw from the master’s program he was pursuing at Berkeley. He says he and his company dutifully responded to an RFE, compiling examples of his work at Seagate. But on Jan. 11, Wang got a final answer: He was denied an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All I wanted was to be able to see my American dream,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandra Feist, an immigration attorney in Minneapolis, said talented foreigners discouraged by the visa process are beginning to look at opportunities in other countries, and she questions what that means for America’s future, especially if top-tier researchers who could contribute to science and medicine are turned away.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘At a time when the number of job vacancies are reaching historic highs due to labor shortages, now is not the time to restrict access to talent.’\u003ccite>a letter from CEOs for companies including Apple, Ford and Coca-Cola to Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One of her clients, a computer systems analyst from India with a master’s degree from a U.S. college, filed his petition for an H-1B in April 2017 with 101 pages of documentation. He received an RFE, and a 176-page response was filed, with additional paperwork attempting to prove just how complicated the position was. He was denied. Feist filed a 282-page appeal, requesting that the file be reopened. Though the appeal was approved, there was a second RFE, which Feist said raises the same issues she already responded to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a U.S. work visa unlikely, that client is applying for permanent residency in Canada with his wife and U.S. citizen child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEOs for companies including Apple, Ford and Coca-Cola penned a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessroundtable.org/letter-to-department-of-homeland-security-on-immigration-policies\">letter\u003c/a> to Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen in August, saying immigration policy changes were undermining economic growth. “At a time when the number of job vacancies are reaching historic highs due to labor shortages,” they said, “now is not the time to restrict access to talent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A provision for immigration based on skills, education and employer needs dates back to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, and the visa now known as the H-1B has until recently enjoyed wide support among politicians on both the left and the right. A Pew Research Center \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewglobal.org/2019/01/22/majority-of-u-s-public-supports-high-skilled-immigration/\">survey\u003c/a> last year found broad approval for high-skilled immigrants among the public, as well, with support at 83 percent among Democrats polled and 73 percent of Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11648086/confusion-over-tps-work-permits-worries-employers-immigrants\">Employers, Immigrants Grapple With Uncertainty Over TPS Work Permits\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11648086/confusion-over-tps-work-permits-worries-employers-immigrants\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29269_IMG_1354-qut-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Trump has vacillated on the issue. During a March 2016 presidential debate, then-candidate Trump was asked about his opposition to visas for skilled workers, to which he \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/03/03/the-fox-news-gop-debate-transcript-annotated/?utm_term=.34ce5b34c70d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a>, “I’m changing” and that he saw such policies as a way to keep top international students in the U.S. “We absolutely have to be able to keep the brain power in this country,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His campaign followed that with a \u003ca href=\"http://web.archive.org/web/20160416001802/https:/www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-position-on-visas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> saying: “The H-1B program is neither high-skilled nor immigration: these are temporary foreign workers, imported from abroad, for the explicit purpose of substituting for American workers at lower pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Trump again reverted to a more conciliatory note, \u003ca href=\"https://mobile.twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1083705208834834433\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tweeting\u003c/a> that H1-B holders “can rest assured that changes are soon coming which will bring both simplicity and certainty to your stay, including a potential path to citizenship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in China now, Wang isn’t sure what to make of Trump’s words. He’s talked to a friend from Seagate, now at a Swedish firm, about openings there, and a former boss in Singapore has some prospects for him as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Saying “it is important to recognize we are talking about human beings,” the judge who ordered the government to stop separating children at the border \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreclassaction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">may expand the number of children\u003c/a> covered by a class-action lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the inspector general for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services revealed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723069/u-s-official-defends-efforts-to-reunite-migrant-children-with-parents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">thousands more children\u003c/a> than initially reported may have been separated from their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appears that the government’s main defense is that it would be too difficult and costly to identify and reunite additional children with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Saying “it is important to recognize we are talking about human beings,” the judge who ordered the government to stop separating children at the border \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreclassaction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">may expand the number of children\u003c/a> covered by a class-action lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the inspector general for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services revealed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723069/u-s-official-defends-efforts-to-reunite-migrant-children-with-parents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">thousands more children\u003c/a> than initially reported may have been separated from their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appears that the government’s main defense is that it would be too difficult and costly to identify and reunite additional children with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Andrew and Elad Dvash-Banks have twin sons, born four minutes apart. The U.S. State Department has maintained that one is a U.S. citizen and one is not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same-sex couple \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11644681/same-sex-couples-sue-u-s-government-for-kids-citizenship\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">has been fighting\u003c/a> the U.S. government in federal court for citizenship rights for their young child. On Thursday, a judge ruled that the child, Ethan, is indeed a U.S. citizen because his parents were married at the time of his birth, and therefore the State Department misapplied the law. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This two-year nightmare is finally coming to a close,\" Andrew Dvash-Banks told reporters. \"Ethan has been recognized, as it should have always been, as a citizen at birth just like his twin brother.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government had maintained that U.S. citizenship could only be passed along to a child that the U.S. citizen had a biological relationship with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrew is a U.S. citizen, and Elad is Israeli. The two met in Israel, fell in love, and got married in Canada. There, they had children through a surrogate. Each father's genetic material had fertilized one egg from a donor. Ethan shared genetic material with Elad, and Aiden with Andrew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple told NPR's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/26/580918004/same-sex-couples-sue-u-s-government-for-kids-citizenship\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Leila Fadel last year\u003c/a> that they were shocked at the conversation they had at the U.S. Consulate in Toronto when they went to provide documents for each twin's U.S. citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She started off with, 'Obviously the two of you had to use assisted reproduction in order to have your family,'\" Andrew told Fadel. \"'Tell me more about that. Tell me about who is genetically related to who.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the questions were probing and intrusive — he remembers crying at the consulate. \"While Andrew and Elad never planned to tell anyone which child had Andrew's DNA and which child had Elad's, the State Department asked for DNA tests,\" Fadel reported. Eventually, the State Department informed them that Aiden was granted a U.S. passport and Ethan was not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was literally black and white, on paper, your kids are different,\" he told Fadel. \"That was something that any parent would have a hard time seeing, that the government is discriminating against their kids and treating them differently. It's terrible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple later moved to California. \"We've been living in a really precarious situation since then, with my son on an expired tourist visa and his twin brother with an American passport,\" Dvash-Banks said Friday. He described worrying about immigration showing up at their door, and the pain of not being able to visit relatives in Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John F. Walter, the federal judge in California, has now ruled that the Immigration and Nationality Act, the law that determines whether a person is a U.S. citizen by birth, makes Ethan a citizen from birth. He said that the parents were married at the time of his birth, and the law \"does not require a person born during their parents' marriage to demonstrate a biological relationship with both of their married parents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A State Department spokesperson told NPR that the department is aware of the ruling and is reviewing it, together with the Department of Justice. Aaron Morris, the executive director of Immigration Equality and a lawyer for the family, called it a \"remarkable victory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says this issue could happen to others. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The State Department's policies still exist,\" Morris said, and \"it is likely that until they either dismantle it, change it or are ordered by a court to stop implementing the policy, that this will happen again to another couple.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Judge+Rules+Against+State+Department+In+Same-Sex+Couple%27s+Citizenship+Lawsuit&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Andrew and Elad Dvash-Banks have twin sons, born four minutes apart. The State Department has maintained that one is a U.S. citizen and one is not. A judge sided with the couple. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Andrew and Elad Dvash-Banks have twin sons, born four minutes apart. The U.S. State Department has maintained that one is a U.S. citizen and one is not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same-sex couple \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11644681/same-sex-couples-sue-u-s-government-for-kids-citizenship\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">has been fighting\u003c/a> the U.S. government in federal court for citizenship rights for their young child. On Thursday, a judge ruled that the child, Ethan, is indeed a U.S. citizen because his parents were married at the time of his birth, and therefore the State Department misapplied the law. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This two-year nightmare is finally coming to a close,\" Andrew Dvash-Banks told reporters. \"Ethan has been recognized, as it should have always been, as a citizen at birth just like his twin brother.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government had maintained that U.S. citizenship could only be passed along to a child that the U.S. citizen had a biological relationship with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrew is a U.S. citizen, and Elad is Israeli. The two met in Israel, fell in love, and got married in Canada. There, they had children through a surrogate. Each father's genetic material had fertilized one egg from a donor. Ethan shared genetic material with Elad, and Aiden with Andrew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple told NPR's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/26/580918004/same-sex-couples-sue-u-s-government-for-kids-citizenship\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Leila Fadel last year\u003c/a> that they were shocked at the conversation they had at the U.S. Consulate in Toronto when they went to provide documents for each twin's U.S. citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She started off with, 'Obviously the two of you had to use assisted reproduction in order to have your family,'\" Andrew told Fadel. \"'Tell me more about that. Tell me about who is genetically related to who.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the questions were probing and intrusive — he remembers crying at the consulate. \"While Andrew and Elad never planned to tell anyone which child had Andrew's DNA and which child had Elad's, the State Department asked for DNA tests,\" Fadel reported. Eventually, the State Department informed them that Aiden was granted a U.S. passport and Ethan was not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was literally black and white, on paper, your kids are different,\" he told Fadel. \"That was something that any parent would have a hard time seeing, that the government is discriminating against their kids and treating them differently. It's terrible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple later moved to California. \"We've been living in a really precarious situation since then, with my son on an expired tourist visa and his twin brother with an American passport,\" Dvash-Banks said Friday. He described worrying about immigration showing up at their door, and the pain of not being able to visit relatives in Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John F. Walter, the federal judge in California, has now ruled that the Immigration and Nationality Act, the law that determines whether a person is a U.S. citizen by birth, makes Ethan a citizen from birth. He said that the parents were married at the time of his birth, and the law \"does not require a person born during their parents' marriage to demonstrate a biological relationship with both of their married parents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A State Department spokesperson told NPR that the department is aware of the ruling and is reviewing it, together with the Department of Justice. Aaron Morris, the executive director of Immigration Equality and a lawyer for the family, called it a \"remarkable victory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says this issue could happen to others. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The State Department's policies still exist,\" Morris said, and \"it is likely that until they either dismantle it, change it or are ordered by a court to stop implementing the policy, that this will happen again to another couple.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Judge+Rules+Against+State+Department+In+Same-Sex+Couple%27s+Citizenship+Lawsuit&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For our series “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/letters-to-my-california-dreamer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Letter To My California Dreamer\u003c/a>,” we’re asking Californians from all walks of life \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScVZ3sM0H_4keRP1D28mX4gSSd3IAYjzRgpMZ5xyQhF-5mxvA/viewform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to write a short letter\u003c/a> to one of the first people in their family who came to the Golden State. The letter should explain:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What was their California Dream?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>What happened to it?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Is that California Dream still alive for you?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a letter from San Jose resident Kimberly Brown to her grandparents:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Dear Grandparents,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Your story started in 1936, shortly after being married in rural Oklahoma. Grandpa, you were 22, and grandma, you were 18. Between the two of you, no one had a dime. Just a hope and a dream that there was something and somewhere better than the Dust Bowl of Oklahoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You told me you’d paid a smuggler to get you two into California. You were both Americans, but in 1936 the Los Angeles Police Department briefly established a “Bum Blockade” to ban Dust Bowl migrants from entering the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728242\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11728242\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_1.png\" alt=\"The oldest known photo of Kimberly Brown's grandparents, Nova and Bud Smith. Brown says, "Looks like he's putting a ring on her finger, maybe asking her to marry him." On the left is Nova's sister, Dorothy.\" width=\"620\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_1.png 620w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_1-160x258.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The oldest known photo of Kimberly Brown’s grandparents, Nova and Bud Smith. Brown says, “Looks like he’s putting a ring on her finger, maybe asking her to marry him.” On the left is Nova’s sister, Dorothy. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kimberly Brown)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You had your eyes set on Oakdale in the San Joaquin Valley, where you had family and the promise of work. Without a car, horse or wagon — only the clothes on your back — you jumped trains out of Oklahoma. You said it was a good way to travel then, that people looked out for each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You sometimes would walk back roads looking for work in exchange for a meal. Grandma, you told me of the sweet woman that took pity on you because you were so thin. She put grandpa to work and fed you in the kitchen. You ate as much as you could. You laughed at that memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">When you arrived in Oakdale, your sister and brother-in-law gave you a home. You said you were lucky to have family there because many ended up in migrant camps with no running water or sanitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">They called you “Okies,” a derogatory name meaning dirty, criminal, and stupid. You were none of these. Just two young people looking for work. That’s why I sympathize for those who make the difficult journey from south of the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728247\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728247\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-800x619.png\" alt=\"From left to right: Kimberly's mother Carolyn Brown, Kimberly Brown, and grandmother Nova Smith.\" width=\"800\" height=\"619\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-800x619.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-160x124.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-1020x789.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-1200x928.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3.png 1590w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right: Kimberly’s mother Carolyn Brown, Kimberly Brown, and grandmother Nova Smith. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kimberly Brown)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Grandma, you ended up working in the canneries, feeding America. Grandpa, you would go on to build some of the great highways of Northern California, including Highway 17. I think of you often when I drive over it and how you told me it was the worst road ever built. I agree, but I know the curves to slow down on so don’t worry!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">For the next decade, you followed work all over the country. Grandpa, you even worked on the Panama Canal. Finally, the two of you made Oakdale your permanent home for you and your five children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Grandparents, the California dream delivered you from poverty to middle-class. For me, the California dream is pride in my state. It’s a state of many cultures, diverse landscapes, bountiful farmland, and world-changing industries. I’m proud to be a Californian and your granddaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Love,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Kimberly\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728249\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728249\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-800x829.png\" alt=\"Kimberly Brown's grandparents, Bud and Nova Smith, standing in front of the house in Oakdale. The Smiths and their children built in the early 1970s. "This picture was likely taken when my grandfather became ill and they were forced to sell their beloved home,” said Brown. “That was my home away from home when I was growing up, where all their kids and my cousins would meet."\" width=\"800\" height=\"829\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-800x829.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-160x166.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-1020x1057.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-1158x1200.png 1158w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2.png 1390w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kimberly Brown’s grandparents, Bud and Nova Smith, standing in front of the house in Oakdale. The Smiths and their children built in the early 1970s. “This picture was likely taken when my grandfather became ill and they were forced to sell their beloved home,” said Brown. “That was my home away from home when I was growing up, where all their kids and my cousins would meet.” \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kimberly Brown)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We’d love to see your letter to your family’s California Dreamer. Maybe it was a parent, a great-great grandparent or maybe even you were the first in your family to come to California with a dream. \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/californiadreamletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fill out the form here\u003c/a> and share your story with us!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For our series “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/letters-to-my-california-dreamer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Letter To My California Dreamer\u003c/a>,” we’re asking Californians from all walks of life \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScVZ3sM0H_4keRP1D28mX4gSSd3IAYjzRgpMZ5xyQhF-5mxvA/viewform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to write a short letter\u003c/a> to one of the first people in their family who came to the Golden State. The letter should explain:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What was their California Dream?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>What happened to it?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Is that California Dream still alive for you?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a letter from San Jose resident Kimberly Brown to her grandparents:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Dear Grandparents,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Your story started in 1936, shortly after being married in rural Oklahoma. Grandpa, you were 22, and grandma, you were 18. Between the two of you, no one had a dime. Just a hope and a dream that there was something and somewhere better than the Dust Bowl of Oklahoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You told me you’d paid a smuggler to get you two into California. You were both Americans, but in 1936 the Los Angeles Police Department briefly established a “Bum Blockade” to ban Dust Bowl migrants from entering the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728242\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11728242\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_1.png\" alt=\"The oldest known photo of Kimberly Brown's grandparents, Nova and Bud Smith. Brown says, "Looks like he's putting a ring on her finger, maybe asking her to marry him." On the left is Nova's sister, Dorothy.\" width=\"620\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_1.png 620w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_1-160x258.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The oldest known photo of Kimberly Brown’s grandparents, Nova and Bud Smith. Brown says, “Looks like he’s putting a ring on her finger, maybe asking her to marry him.” On the left is Nova’s sister, Dorothy. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kimberly Brown)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You had your eyes set on Oakdale in the San Joaquin Valley, where you had family and the promise of work. Without a car, horse or wagon — only the clothes on your back — you jumped trains out of Oklahoma. You said it was a good way to travel then, that people looked out for each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You sometimes would walk back roads looking for work in exchange for a meal. Grandma, you told me of the sweet woman that took pity on you because you were so thin. She put grandpa to work and fed you in the kitchen. You ate as much as you could. You laughed at that memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">When you arrived in Oakdale, your sister and brother-in-law gave you a home. You said you were lucky to have family there because many ended up in migrant camps with no running water or sanitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">They called you “Okies,” a derogatory name meaning dirty, criminal, and stupid. You were none of these. Just two young people looking for work. That’s why I sympathize for those who make the difficult journey from south of the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728247\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728247\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-800x619.png\" alt=\"From left to right: Kimberly's mother Carolyn Brown, Kimberly Brown, and grandmother Nova Smith.\" width=\"800\" height=\"619\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-800x619.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-160x124.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-1020x789.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3-1200x928.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_3.png 1590w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right: Kimberly’s mother Carolyn Brown, Kimberly Brown, and grandmother Nova Smith. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kimberly Brown)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Grandma, you ended up working in the canneries, feeding America. Grandpa, you would go on to build some of the great highways of Northern California, including Highway 17. I think of you often when I drive over it and how you told me it was the worst road ever built. I agree, but I know the curves to slow down on so don’t worry!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">For the next decade, you followed work all over the country. Grandpa, you even worked on the Panama Canal. Finally, the two of you made Oakdale your permanent home for you and your five children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Grandparents, the California dream delivered you from poverty to middle-class. For me, the California dream is pride in my state. It’s a state of many cultures, diverse landscapes, bountiful farmland, and world-changing industries. I’m proud to be a Californian and your granddaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Love,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Kimberly\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728249\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11728249\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-800x829.png\" alt=\"Kimberly Brown's grandparents, Bud and Nova Smith, standing in front of the house in Oakdale. The Smiths and their children built in the early 1970s. "This picture was likely taken when my grandfather became ill and they were forced to sell their beloved home,” said Brown. “That was my home away from home when I was growing up, where all their kids and my cousins would meet."\" width=\"800\" height=\"829\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-800x829.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-160x166.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-1020x1057.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-1158x1200.png 1158w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/KB_2.png 1390w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kimberly Brown’s grandparents, Bud and Nova Smith, standing in front of the house in Oakdale. The Smiths and their children built in the early 1970s. “This picture was likely taken when my grandfather became ill and they were forced to sell their beloved home,” said Brown. “That was my home away from home when I was growing up, where all their kids and my cousins would meet.” \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kimberly Brown)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We’d love to see your letter to your family’s California Dreamer. Maybe it was a parent, a great-great grandparent or maybe even you were the first in your family to come to California with a dream. \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/californiadreamletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fill out the form here\u003c/a> and share your story with us!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Judge Says Families Separated in 2017 Suffered Same Injustice as More Recent Cases",
"title": "Judge Says Families Separated in 2017 Suffered Same Injustice as More Recent Cases",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Homeland Security may soon have to identify, and possibly reunite, potentially thousands more families separated at the border under the Trump administration’s zero tolerance policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a hearing in San Diego on Thursday, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw told government attorneys that a newly reported group of possibly thousands of migrant children taken from their parents in 2017 suffered the same alleged wrong as thousands of other children covered by a class-action lawsuit in his court (Ms. L v. ICE).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When there’s an allegation of wrong on this scale, one of the most fundamental obligations of law is to determine the scope of the wrong,” Sabraw said. “It is important to recognize we are talking about human beings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last June, Sabraw ordered the government to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stop separating families\u003c/a> at the border and to reunite any of the children still in U.S. custody with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">Family Separations at the Border\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1067868922-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>U.S. officials identified all the separated children in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement, a division of Health and Human Services responsible for the welfare of unaccompanied immigrant children in U.S. care, as of June 26, 2018, the date Sabraw issued his injunction against unlawful family separations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2018, ORR reported that there were 2,654 affected children. Officials have since revised the number to 2,816, according to a status report filed with the court this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of the kids had been released to their parents or another close relative by January when a government watchdog reported that thousands more children may have been separated from their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Jan. 11 \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.hhs.gov/newsroom/news-releases/2019/uac.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> by the Inspector General for HHS found that thousands of additional children may have been taken from their parents at the border beginning in 2017, \"before the accounting required by the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the American Civil Liberties Union asked Sabraw to clarify whether they should be included in the class-action lawsuit and entitled to relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw has not issued a ruling yet on the matter, but in the court hearing made it clear that the defining common denominator for class members is whether they were wrongfully separated, not whether the child was still in U.S. custody when the judge issued his June order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw said that given the recent revelations by the Inspector General for HHS — as well as investigative reporting by news agencies — using June 26, 2018, as a cutoff date for families to be eligible seems “very arbitrary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This would be a dramatic change in the case,\" U.S. attorney Scott Stewart told Sabraw, which would \"blow the case into some other galaxy of a task.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Identifying and reuniting additional children with parents would be costly and time-consuming, he said, but it would also be a betrayal of the government's good-faith efforts to comply with the judge's injunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The government, faced with a challenging preliminary injunction that we opposed vigorously, made the decision to work with the court, to work with the parties, to marshal extraordinary resources to address this difficult task of reunification,\" Stewart said. \"I'm just not sure that we can keep going that way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Isn’t it important to the process to have an accounting,\" Sabraw asked, \"of what happened, to whom, how many were involved, and where are they?”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'At the end of the day it’s about each individual kid, and if there’s one kid out there looking for their parent, we have to find them,' \u003ccite>ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Speaking after the hearing in Sabraw’s courtroom, ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt said the government should identify and help locate all the families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day it’s about each individual kid and if there’s one kid out there looking for their parent, we have to find them,” Gelernt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw said he would issue a decision “very soon” on what to do about the additional family separations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Long-Running Allegations of Unlawful Family Separation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report by the Office of Inspector General was the first official confirmation of allegations by immigrant advocates of a spike in family separations dating back to the early days of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2017 a coalition of nonprofits who work with immigrants seeking asylum asked the Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties and the acting inspector general for DHS to investigate whether a policy existed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Dec. 11 joint \u003ca href=\"https://www.womensrefugeecommission.org/images/zdocs/Family-Separation-Complaint-FINAL-PUBLIC-12-11-17.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">complaint\u003c/a> filed by several nonprofits that work with asylum-seekers said, \"Our organizations have documented numerous instances of family separation in the last several months alone,\" and urged the watchdog organizations for DHS to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"DHS and its components have consistently demonstrated that they are unable to manage the separation of families in a legal and ethical manner,\" advocates warned, and lacked the ability to track such separations in a way \"to facilitate location of, contact with or release and reunification with separated family members.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Homeland Security may soon have to identify, and possibly reunite, potentially thousands more families separated at the border under the Trump administration’s zero tolerance policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a hearing in San Diego on Thursday, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw told government attorneys that a newly reported group of possibly thousands of migrant children taken from their parents in 2017 suffered the same alleged wrong as thousands of other children covered by a class-action lawsuit in his court (Ms. L v. ICE).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When there’s an allegation of wrong on this scale, one of the most fundamental obligations of law is to determine the scope of the wrong,” Sabraw said. “It is important to recognize we are talking about human beings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last June, Sabraw ordered the government to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stop separating families\u003c/a> at the border and to reunite any of the children still in U.S. custody with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">Family Separations at the Border\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1067868922-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>U.S. officials identified all the separated children in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement, a division of Health and Human Services responsible for the welfare of unaccompanied immigrant children in U.S. care, as of June 26, 2018, the date Sabraw issued his injunction against unlawful family separations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2018, ORR reported that there were 2,654 affected children. Officials have since revised the number to 2,816, according to a status report filed with the court this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of the kids had been released to their parents or another close relative by January when a government watchdog reported that thousands more children may have been separated from their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Jan. 11 \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.hhs.gov/newsroom/news-releases/2019/uac.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> by the Inspector General for HHS found that thousands of additional children may have been taken from their parents at the border beginning in 2017, \"before the accounting required by the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the American Civil Liberties Union asked Sabraw to clarify whether they should be included in the class-action lawsuit and entitled to relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw has not issued a ruling yet on the matter, but in the court hearing made it clear that the defining common denominator for class members is whether they were wrongfully separated, not whether the child was still in U.S. custody when the judge issued his June order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw said that given the recent revelations by the Inspector General for HHS — as well as investigative reporting by news agencies — using June 26, 2018, as a cutoff date for families to be eligible seems “very arbitrary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This would be a dramatic change in the case,\" U.S. attorney Scott Stewart told Sabraw, which would \"blow the case into some other galaxy of a task.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Identifying and reuniting additional children with parents would be costly and time-consuming, he said, but it would also be a betrayal of the government's good-faith efforts to comply with the judge's injunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The government, faced with a challenging preliminary injunction that we opposed vigorously, made the decision to work with the court, to work with the parties, to marshal extraordinary resources to address this difficult task of reunification,\" Stewart said. \"I'm just not sure that we can keep going that way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Isn’t it important to the process to have an accounting,\" Sabraw asked, \"of what happened, to whom, how many were involved, and where are they?”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'At the end of the day it’s about each individual kid, and if there’s one kid out there looking for their parent, we have to find them,' \u003ccite>ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Speaking after the hearing in Sabraw’s courtroom, ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt said the government should identify and help locate all the families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day it’s about each individual kid and if there’s one kid out there looking for their parent, we have to find them,” Gelernt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw said he would issue a decision “very soon” on what to do about the additional family separations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Long-Running Allegations of Unlawful Family Separation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report by the Office of Inspector General was the first official confirmation of allegations by immigrant advocates of a spike in family separations dating back to the early days of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2017 a coalition of nonprofits who work with immigrants seeking asylum asked the Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties and the acting inspector general for DHS to investigate whether a policy existed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Dec. 11 joint \u003ca href=\"https://www.womensrefugeecommission.org/images/zdocs/Family-Separation-Complaint-FINAL-PUBLIC-12-11-17.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">complaint\u003c/a> filed by several nonprofits that work with asylum-seekers said, \"Our organizations have documented numerous instances of family separation in the last several months alone,\" and urged the watchdog organizations for DHS to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"DHS and its components have consistently demonstrated that they are unable to manage the separation of families in a legal and ethical manner,\" advocates warned, and lacked the ability to track such separations in a way \"to facilitate location of, contact with or release and reunification with separated family members.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727455/black-farmworkers-in-the-central-valley-escaping-jim-crow-for-a-subtler-kind-of-racism\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow For a Subtler Kind of Racism\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Today, when you think of farmworkers in California’s fields, picking strawberries, pruning grape vines, cutting lettuce, you probably think of migrants from Mexico or Central America. But less than a century ago, many of those jobs were done by dust bowl migrants from places like Oklahoma. The 1930s brought over 1 million newly displaced people to California, especially the Central Valley. Not all of them were white families. In the 1940s and 50s, a wave of African-American families came to the Central Valley, lured by the promise of jobs, and an escape from racist Jim Crow laws. Alex Hall brings us the stories of two families whose dreams of getting ahead were shaped by the racism they found here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Letter to My California Dreamer: To My Grandparents Who Escaped the Dust Bowl\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Listener Kimberly Brown's grandparents were part of a wave of mostly white migrants fleeing the dust bowl – although they were American-born, discrimination against “Okies” meant they had to pay a smuggler to get across the California border. She wrote to them as part of our series \"Letter to my California Dreamer\" - where we've been asking you to write a letter to one of the first people in your family who came to California in search of a better life.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When the Central Valley Was the 'Center of the Country Music Universe'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The famous Bakersfield Sound was pioneered by musicians with roots in Oklahoma, Arkansas and Texas, starting just after the Second World War. It’s music that Robert Price has spent much of his life writing about – he’s a longtime columnist, and former executive editor for the Bakersfield Californian, and wrote a book about the Bakersfield Sound. He tells us that musicians like Buck Owens and Merle Haggard had very different influences, but a few things in common, including a secret weapon that helped them “rattle the aluminum siding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727455/black-farmworkers-in-the-central-valley-escaping-jim-crow-for-a-subtler-kind-of-racism\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Black Farmworkers in the Central Valley: Escaping Jim Crow For a Subtler Kind of Racism\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Today, when you think of farmworkers in California’s fields, picking strawberries, pruning grape vines, cutting lettuce, you probably think of migrants from Mexico or Central America. But less than a century ago, many of those jobs were done by dust bowl migrants from places like Oklahoma. The 1930s brought over 1 million newly displaced people to California, especially the Central Valley. Not all of them were white families. In the 1940s and 50s, a wave of African-American families came to the Central Valley, lured by the promise of jobs, and an escape from racist Jim Crow laws. Alex Hall brings us the stories of two families whose dreams of getting ahead were shaped by the racism they found here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Letter to My California Dreamer: To My Grandparents Who Escaped the Dust Bowl\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Listener Kimberly Brown's grandparents were part of a wave of mostly white migrants fleeing the dust bowl – although they were American-born, discrimination against “Okies” meant they had to pay a smuggler to get across the California border. She wrote to them as part of our series \"Letter to my California Dreamer\" - where we've been asking you to write a letter to one of the first people in your family who came to California in search of a better life.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When the Central Valley Was the 'Center of the Country Music Universe'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The famous Bakersfield Sound was pioneered by musicians with roots in Oklahoma, Arkansas and Texas, starting just after the Second World War. It’s music that Robert Price has spent much of his life writing about – he’s a longtime columnist, and former executive editor for the Bakersfield Californian, and wrote a book about the Bakersfield Sound. He tells us that musicians like Buck Owens and Merle Haggard had very different influences, but a few things in common, including a secret weapon that helped them “rattle the aluminum siding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>House Democrats on Friday introduced a resolution to block the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11726521/watch-live-trump-to-declare-national-emergency-to-help-fund-southern-border-wall\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national emergency declaration\u003c/a> that President Donald Trump issued to fund his long-sought wall along the U.S-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said the House would vote on the measure on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727216/california-15-other-states-sue-trump-over-border-wall-emergency-declaration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California, along with 15 other states\u003c/a>, filed a lawsuit against the Trump Administration over the emergency declaration. California Attorney General Xavier Becerra announced the suit by \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AGBecerra/status/1097664494199808001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">saying\u003c/a>, “We’re suing President Trump to stop him from unilaterally robbing taxpayer funds lawfully set aside by Congress for the people of our states.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move sets up a fight that could result in Trump’s first veto. It starts the clock on a constitutional clash between Trump and Democrats and sets up a vote by the full House as soon as next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic-controlled House is sure to pass the measure, and the GOP-run Senate may adopt it as well despite Trump’s opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m confident that most Democrats will vote for it in the House,” said Bay-Area Congresswoman and resolution co-sponsor Barbara Lee. “I hope we get Republican support because this should be bipartisan. Because it’s really about the constitution and the separation of powers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/border-wall\">The Fight Over the Border Wall\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/border-wall\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/BorderWall-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Any Trump veto would likely be sustained, but the upcoming battle will test Republican support for Trump’s move, which even some of his allies view as a stretch — and a slap at lawmakers’ control over the power of the federal purse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funding for the border wall has been in contention since the start of the year when the inability to settle on a budget resulted in the longest government shutdown in history. Causing issues at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718330/california-airports-create-contingency-plans-for-unpaid-federal-workers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">airports\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716115/locals-pick-up-the-slack-and-the-trash-as-government-shutdown-continues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national parks \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101869197/as-government-shutdown-continues-californias-federal-workers-suffer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wage delays for federal workers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A staff aide introduced the measure during a short pro forma session of the House in which Rep. Don Beyer, D-Va., presided over an almost empty chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What the president is attempting is an unconstitutional power grab,” said Rep. Joaquin Castro, D-Texas, the sponsor of the resolution, on a call with reporters. “There is no emergency at the border.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s declaration of a national emergency gives him access to about $3.6 billion in funding for military construction projects to divert to border fencing. But the administration is more likely to tap funding from a federal asset forfeiture fund and Defense Department anti-drug efforts first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi said that the House measure would “reassert our system of checks and balances.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘This clearly is an abuse of power and once again it reflects that this president doesn’t understand that this is a democracy and he has three branches of government.’\u003ccite>Bay Area Congresswoman Barbara Lee\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Should the House and the Senate initially approve the measure, Congress seems unlikely to muster the two-thirds majorities in each chamber that would be needed later to override a certain Trump veto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure to block Trump’s edict will be closely watched in the Senate, where moderates such as Susan Collins, R-Maine, and Lamar Alexander, R-Tenn., have signaled they would back it. Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., is only a reluctant supporter of Trump on the topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s GOP allies promised they would uphold any veto denying Democrats the two-thirds votes required to overcome one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats’ angst over Congress’ power of the purse is unwarranted, especially since the commander in chief’s authority to redirect military funds for a national emergency is affirmed in a law passed by their own branch,” said top House Judiciary Committee Republican Doug Collins of Georgia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battle is over an emergency declaration Trump issued to access billions of dollars beyond what Congress has authorized to start erecting border barriers. Building his proposed wall was the most visible trademark of Trump’s presidential campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week Congress approved a vast spending bill providing nearly $1.4 billion to build 55 miles (89 kilometers) of border barriers in Texas’ Rio Grande Valley while preventing a renewed government shutdown. That measure represented a rejection of Trump’s demand for $5.7 billion to construct more than 200 miles (322 kilometers).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides signing the bill, Trump also declared a national emergency and used other authorities that he says give him access to an additional $6.6 billion for wall building. That money would be transferred from a federal asset forfeiture fund, Defense Department anti-drug efforts and a military construction fund. Federal officials have yet to identify which projects would be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro said he has already garnered support from a majority of the Democratic-controlled House as co-sponsors and that he has at least one GOP sponsor, Rep. Justin Amash of Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro’s measure says Trump’s emergency declaration “is hereby terminated.” Castro chairs the 38-member Congressional Hispanic Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi wrote in a letter to her fellow lawmakers that the Republican president’s “decision to go outside the bounds of the law to try to get what he failed to achieve in the constitutional legislative process violates the Constitution and must be terminated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Andrew Taylor in Washington D.C. contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>House Democrats on Friday introduced a resolution to block the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11726521/watch-live-trump-to-declare-national-emergency-to-help-fund-southern-border-wall\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national emergency declaration\u003c/a> that President Donald Trump issued to fund his long-sought wall along the U.S-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said the House would vote on the measure on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727216/california-15-other-states-sue-trump-over-border-wall-emergency-declaration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California, along with 15 other states\u003c/a>, filed a lawsuit against the Trump Administration over the emergency declaration. California Attorney General Xavier Becerra announced the suit by \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AGBecerra/status/1097664494199808001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">saying\u003c/a>, “We’re suing President Trump to stop him from unilaterally robbing taxpayer funds lawfully set aside by Congress for the people of our states.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move sets up a fight that could result in Trump’s first veto. It starts the clock on a constitutional clash between Trump and Democrats and sets up a vote by the full House as soon as next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic-controlled House is sure to pass the measure, and the GOP-run Senate may adopt it as well despite Trump’s opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m confident that most Democrats will vote for it in the House,” said Bay-Area Congresswoman and resolution co-sponsor Barbara Lee. “I hope we get Republican support because this should be bipartisan. Because it’s really about the constitution and the separation of powers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/border-wall\">The Fight Over the Border Wall\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/border-wall\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/BorderWall-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Any Trump veto would likely be sustained, but the upcoming battle will test Republican support for Trump’s move, which even some of his allies view as a stretch — and a slap at lawmakers’ control over the power of the federal purse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funding for the border wall has been in contention since the start of the year when the inability to settle on a budget resulted in the longest government shutdown in history. Causing issues at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718330/california-airports-create-contingency-plans-for-unpaid-federal-workers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">airports\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716115/locals-pick-up-the-slack-and-the-trash-as-government-shutdown-continues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national parks \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101869197/as-government-shutdown-continues-californias-federal-workers-suffer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wage delays for federal workers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A staff aide introduced the measure during a short pro forma session of the House in which Rep. Don Beyer, D-Va., presided over an almost empty chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What the president is attempting is an unconstitutional power grab,” said Rep. Joaquin Castro, D-Texas, the sponsor of the resolution, on a call with reporters. “There is no emergency at the border.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s declaration of a national emergency gives him access to about $3.6 billion in funding for military construction projects to divert to border fencing. But the administration is more likely to tap funding from a federal asset forfeiture fund and Defense Department anti-drug efforts first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi said that the House measure would “reassert our system of checks and balances.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘This clearly is an abuse of power and once again it reflects that this president doesn’t understand that this is a democracy and he has three branches of government.’\u003ccite>Bay Area Congresswoman Barbara Lee\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Should the House and the Senate initially approve the measure, Congress seems unlikely to muster the two-thirds majorities in each chamber that would be needed later to override a certain Trump veto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure to block Trump’s edict will be closely watched in the Senate, where moderates such as Susan Collins, R-Maine, and Lamar Alexander, R-Tenn., have signaled they would back it. Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., is only a reluctant supporter of Trump on the topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s GOP allies promised they would uphold any veto denying Democrats the two-thirds votes required to overcome one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats’ angst over Congress’ power of the purse is unwarranted, especially since the commander in chief’s authority to redirect military funds for a national emergency is affirmed in a law passed by their own branch,” said top House Judiciary Committee Republican Doug Collins of Georgia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battle is over an emergency declaration Trump issued to access billions of dollars beyond what Congress has authorized to start erecting border barriers. Building his proposed wall was the most visible trademark of Trump’s presidential campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week Congress approved a vast spending bill providing nearly $1.4 billion to build 55 miles (89 kilometers) of border barriers in Texas’ Rio Grande Valley while preventing a renewed government shutdown. That measure represented a rejection of Trump’s demand for $5.7 billion to construct more than 200 miles (322 kilometers).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides signing the bill, Trump also declared a national emergency and used other authorities that he says give him access to an additional $6.6 billion for wall building. That money would be transferred from a federal asset forfeiture fund, Defense Department anti-drug efforts and a military construction fund. Federal officials have yet to identify which projects would be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro said he has already garnered support from a majority of the Democratic-controlled House as co-sponsors and that he has at least one GOP sponsor, Rep. Justin Amash of Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro’s measure says Trump’s emergency declaration “is hereby terminated.” Castro chairs the 38-member Congressional Hispanic Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi wrote in a letter to her fellow lawmakers that the Republican president’s “decision to go outside the bounds of the law to try to get what he failed to achieve in the constitutional legislative process violates the Constitution and must be terminated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Andrew Taylor in Washington D.C. contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Critics Say Border Wall Could Harm Wildlife Corridors and Sensitive Desert Terrain",
"title": "Critics Say Border Wall Could Harm Wildlife Corridors and Sensitive Desert Terrain",
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"content": "\u003cp>The 2,000-mile border between the U.S. and Mexico traverses hundreds of miles of public lands, including six national parks. Environmentalists have long argued that a border wall has negative impacts on wildlife and on delicate desert and mountainous terrains. With President Trump's national emergency declaration, those concerns will only grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a decade ago, Congress gave the Department of Homeland Security authority to waive environmental regulations for national security reasons. The government can bypass a whole host of laws, including the Endangered Species and Clean Air Acts, in order to expedite border wall construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That concerns environmentalists like Laiken Jordahl, with the Tucson-based Center for Biological Diversity. On a recent overcast morning, he stood in front of a new section of border fence near the Santa Teresa Port of Entry in southern New Mexico. The 20-mile-long steel fence was constructed last year, replacing waist-high vehicle barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11727929 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/wall1-937797ff260eb587d7c756a5a479566ec095ecc7-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"New 18-foot, steel bollard fencing is replacing an old vehicle border near the Santa Teresa Port of Entry in New Mexico. Environmentalists are concerned the new fencing will block off wildlife corridors.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New 18-foot steel bollard fencing is replacing an old vehicle border near the Santa Teresa Port of Entry in New Mexico. Environmentalists are concerned the new fencing will block off wildlife corridors. \u003ccite>(Mallory Falk/KRWG)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"To think we could do something like this free of significant environmental consequences, it's delusional,\" Jordahl said. \"We're fundamentally changing the landscape here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first glance, the Chihuahuan Desert seems somewhat deserted — mostly sand, spotted with mesquite and soaptree yucca. But it's actually home to lots of wildlife, from mountain lions and coyotes to the endangered Mexican gray wolf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All sorts of animals have evolved for millennia untold to migrate freely through the desert,\" Jordahl said. \"And now we have, really, this landscape-scale obstruction that will stop all species in their tracks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727546/redistributing-funds-to-build-the-wall\">Redistributing Funds to Build the Wall\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727546/redistributing-funds-to-build-the-wall\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/wallfunds_022019_final-1020x716.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The Center for Biological Diversity and other groups have filed numerous lawsuits challenging the government's authority to waive environmental regulations. So far, most have failed. Now, the Center has joined two other conservation groups in \u003ca href=\"https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2019/border-wall-02-16-2019.php\">a new lawsuit\u003c/a> against the national emergency declaration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection takes issue with claims that the wall is damaging local environments. A CBP official explained that the agency \"conducts all necessary research and surveys to include environmental clearances prior to beginning any construction to identify and avoid or mitigate potential impacts to sensitive locations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some conservationists remain skeptical and frustrated with the rhetoric around border barriers. \"There's a lot of silly semantics going on in the national debate over whether it's a wall or a fence,\" says Kevin Bixby, with the Southwest Environmental Center in Las Cruces, New Mexico. \"From our perspective, if it's a big structure that prevents the passage of wildlife, it's a wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of new wall construction is expected along the Rio Grande River in Texas. CBP says they have engaged local, state, federal and non-governmental organizations there to \"identify and address potential impacts to cultural, historical and natural resources that may be within planned barrier alignment in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas. This is an example of our efforts to protect the environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new border fencing in the Rio Grande Valley could end up cutting through critical floodplains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Josiah Heyman directs the Center for Inter-American and Border Studies at the University of Texas, El Paso. \"The fence-wall is a huge barrier to the normal movement of water,\" he says. Trash and debris can clog the structure, effectively forming a dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/696372731/696399021\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a border wall was constructed in 2008 in parts of Arizona, monsoon floodwaters built up behind the wall and poured into the Mexican city of Nogales. Heyman says something similar could happen on both sides of the border in the Rio Grande Valley — especially if a hurricane blows in from the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We really do share the same water, and it's something that you can't build a wall through,\" Heyman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://docs.house.gov/billsthisweek/20190211/CRPT-116hrpt9.pdf\">newly signed border security bill\u003c/a>, some south Texas environmental sites were specifically protected, like the Santa Ana Wildlife Refuge and the National Butterfly Garden. But it's not clear what might happens to those sites now that President Trump has declared a national emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 KRWG. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.krwg.org\">KRWG\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Critics+Say+Border+Wall+Could+Harm+Wildlife+Corridors+And+Sensitive+Desert+Terrain&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The 2,000-mile border between the U.S. and Mexico traverses hundreds of miles of public lands, including six national parks. Environmentalists have long argued that a border wall has negative impacts on wildlife and on delicate desert and mountainous terrains. With President Trump's national emergency declaration, those concerns will only grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a decade ago, Congress gave the Department of Homeland Security authority to waive environmental regulations for national security reasons. The government can bypass a whole host of laws, including the Endangered Species and Clean Air Acts, in order to expedite border wall construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That concerns environmentalists like Laiken Jordahl, with the Tucson-based Center for Biological Diversity. On a recent overcast morning, he stood in front of a new section of border fence near the Santa Teresa Port of Entry in southern New Mexico. The 20-mile-long steel fence was constructed last year, replacing waist-high vehicle barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11727929 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/wall1-937797ff260eb587d7c756a5a479566ec095ecc7-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"New 18-foot, steel bollard fencing is replacing an old vehicle border near the Santa Teresa Port of Entry in New Mexico. Environmentalists are concerned the new fencing will block off wildlife corridors.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New 18-foot steel bollard fencing is replacing an old vehicle border near the Santa Teresa Port of Entry in New Mexico. Environmentalists are concerned the new fencing will block off wildlife corridors. \u003ccite>(Mallory Falk/KRWG)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"To think we could do something like this free of significant environmental consequences, it's delusional,\" Jordahl said. \"We're fundamentally changing the landscape here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first glance, the Chihuahuan Desert seems somewhat deserted — mostly sand, spotted with mesquite and soaptree yucca. But it's actually home to lots of wildlife, from mountain lions and coyotes to the endangered Mexican gray wolf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All sorts of animals have evolved for millennia untold to migrate freely through the desert,\" Jordahl said. \"And now we have, really, this landscape-scale obstruction that will stop all species in their tracks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727546/redistributing-funds-to-build-the-wall\">Redistributing Funds to Build the Wall\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727546/redistributing-funds-to-build-the-wall\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/wallfunds_022019_final-1020x716.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The Center for Biological Diversity and other groups have filed numerous lawsuits challenging the government's authority to waive environmental regulations. So far, most have failed. Now, the Center has joined two other conservation groups in \u003ca href=\"https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2019/border-wall-02-16-2019.php\">a new lawsuit\u003c/a> against the national emergency declaration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection takes issue with claims that the wall is damaging local environments. A CBP official explained that the agency \"conducts all necessary research and surveys to include environmental clearances prior to beginning any construction to identify and avoid or mitigate potential impacts to sensitive locations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some conservationists remain skeptical and frustrated with the rhetoric around border barriers. \"There's a lot of silly semantics going on in the national debate over whether it's a wall or a fence,\" says Kevin Bixby, with the Southwest Environmental Center in Las Cruces, New Mexico. \"From our perspective, if it's a big structure that prevents the passage of wildlife, it's a wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of new wall construction is expected along the Rio Grande River in Texas. CBP says they have engaged local, state, federal and non-governmental organizations there to \"identify and address potential impacts to cultural, historical and natural resources that may be within planned barrier alignment in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas. This is an example of our efforts to protect the environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new border fencing in the Rio Grande Valley could end up cutting through critical floodplains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Josiah Heyman directs the Center for Inter-American and Border Studies at the University of Texas, El Paso. \"The fence-wall is a huge barrier to the normal movement of water,\" he says. Trash and debris can clog the structure, effectively forming a dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/696372731/696399021\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a border wall was constructed in 2008 in parts of Arizona, monsoon floodwaters built up behind the wall and poured into the Mexican city of Nogales. Heyman says something similar could happen on both sides of the border in the Rio Grande Valley — especially if a hurricane blows in from the Gulf of Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We really do share the same water, and it's something that you can't build a wall through,\" Heyman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://docs.house.gov/billsthisweek/20190211/CRPT-116hrpt9.pdf\">newly signed border security bill\u003c/a>, some south Texas environmental sites were specifically protected, like the Santa Ana Wildlife Refuge and the National Butterfly Garden. But it's not clear what might happens to those sites now that President Trump has declared a national emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 KRWG. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.krwg.org\">KRWG\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Critics+Say+Border+Wall+Could+Harm+Wildlife+Corridors+And+Sensitive+Desert+Terrain&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Donald Trump’s emergency declaration to fund a border wall could have a\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorewallfund\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> big impact on military bases\u003c/a> and anti-drug trafficking efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration plans to pull $3.6 billion from the military construction budget and $2.5 billion from Department of Defense anti-drug trafficking measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With his emergency declaration, Trump will attempt to redistribute money that has already been appropriated for other purposes to a border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One line item that may be at risk is a $48 million project to improve drinking water at the Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, where human waste has been found in drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump’s Emergency Declaration Could Stall Construction Projects at San Diego Military Bases",
"title": "Trump’s Emergency Declaration Could Stall Construction Projects at San Diego Military Bases",
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"content": "\u003cp>Military communities around the country are looking at the potential impact of President Trump’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/15/695012728/trump-expected-to-declare-national-emergency-to-help-fund-southern-border-wall\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state of emergency declaration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president declared a national emergency at the U.S.-Mexico border on Friday to secure up to $8 billion in funding for a barrier on the southern border — more than four times what Congress approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego, officials are eyeing the long-term costs of the Trump administration’s decision to pull $3.6 billion of that $8 billion from the military construction budget to use for the wall along the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Balmert, executive director of the San Diego Military Advisory Council, said Friday he was fielding questions about the impact of such a move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These (military) facilities are built by private contractors. And their business will take a hit. Their employees can take a hit, too,” Balmert said. “So there will be some impact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727368/trump-administration-moves-to-take-back-billions-granted-for-bullet-train\">Trump Administration Moves to Take Back Billions Granted for Bullet Train\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727368/trump-administration-moves-to-take-back-billions-granted-for-bullet-train\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Screen-Shot-2019-02-19-at-5.21.04-PM-1020x686.png\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>San Diego is a major West Coast hub for the Navy and Marines. One in five jobs in the city is tied in some way to defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know what that impact is, but the uncertainty alone starts to hit each household,” Balmert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are numerous military construction projects underway or planned in San Diego County, including improvements at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar to house the F-35 jet fighter. A new pier for the Navy, set to begin this year, could be on the chopping block, along with hundreds of smaller projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Marines have been under fire to improve water quality at Camp Pendleton after tests detected bacteria found in human and animal waste. A $48 million project to improve drinking water is set to get underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Mike Levin, D–San Juan Capistrano, is a first-term congressman whose district includes Camp Pendleton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no question there is a direct and indirect economic implication to all of this, but my primary consideration is the safety and security of the country, and the president is stealing billions from a number of very important military construction projects,” Levin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Appropriation Committee released a long list of construction projects that could be affected by the emergency declaration, including $124 million in projects on Camp Pendleton alone. Levin had just returned to Southern California on Friday after spending the week in Washington. Like most members of Congress from military towns, he expected to spend the weekend fielding questions from constituents in and out of the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Minutes after the president announced he was declaring a state of emergency, California announced that the state would \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press_releases/Multistate%20Emergency%20Declaration%20Lawsuit%20.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">challenge the decision in court\u003c/a>. In a press conference, Gov. Gavin Newsom called the emergency declaration a manufactured crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727216/california-15-other-states-sue-trump-over-border-wall-emergency-declaration\">California, 15 Other States Sue Trump Over Border Wall Emergency Declaration\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727216/california-15-other-states-sue-trump-over-border-wall-emergency-declaration\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/BorderWall-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“No other state will be more harmed than the state of California because of the magnitude of the money,” Newsom said. “We’re also looking at the impact of our National Guard deployment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor had hoped to work out an agreement with the federal government to send National Guard troops to help stop fentanyl and other drugs from entering California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Trump administration announced Friday it is pulling $2.5 billion in Department of Defense funds from anti-drug trafficking activities to help build the wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balmert said the San Diego Military Advisory Council, which looks at the local economic impact of the military, is neutral on whether the federal government should expand the border wall. The group’s focus is on lessening the impact of the project on San Diego’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private contractors on military bases will face extra costs, like maintaining security clearances on every construction worker. And then there is the cost to the taxpayer if a firm has already signed a Department of Defense contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These construction projects would also be needing a lot materials, tools and equipment like this \u003ca href=\"https://twaylifting.com/rigging/wire-ropes/wire-rope-slings/wire-rope-slings-eye-eye/tway-34-d-eye-eye-wire-rope-sling/\">\u003cstrong>weight of wire rope\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> that are also to be considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then the contractor has a right to come in and say, this is the cost of having us stopping and restarting to our contract,” Balmert said. “So if there is a stop this year and a start next year, the project won’t be completed at the same cost. The cost will go up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Officials in San Diego are eyeing the long-term costs of the Trump administration’s decision to pull $3.6 billion from the military construction budget to use for the border wall.",
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"description": "Officials in San Diego are eyeing the long-term costs of the Trump administration’s decision to pull $3.6 billion from the military construction budget to use for the border wall.",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/staff/steve-walsh/\">Steve Walsh\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Military communities around the country are looking at the potential impact of President Trump’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/15/695012728/trump-expected-to-declare-national-emergency-to-help-fund-southern-border-wall\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state of emergency declaration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president declared a national emergency at the U.S.-Mexico border on Friday to secure up to $8 billion in funding for a barrier on the southern border — more than four times what Congress approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego, officials are eyeing the long-term costs of the Trump administration’s decision to pull $3.6 billion of that $8 billion from the military construction budget to use for the wall along the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Balmert, executive director of the San Diego Military Advisory Council, said Friday he was fielding questions about the impact of such a move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These (military) facilities are built by private contractors. And their business will take a hit. Their employees can take a hit, too,” Balmert said. “So there will be some impact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727368/trump-administration-moves-to-take-back-billions-granted-for-bullet-train\">Trump Administration Moves to Take Back Billions Granted for Bullet Train\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727368/trump-administration-moves-to-take-back-billions-granted-for-bullet-train\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/Screen-Shot-2019-02-19-at-5.21.04-PM-1020x686.png\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>San Diego is a major West Coast hub for the Navy and Marines. One in five jobs in the city is tied in some way to defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know what that impact is, but the uncertainty alone starts to hit each household,” Balmert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are numerous military construction projects underway or planned in San Diego County, including improvements at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar to house the F-35 jet fighter. A new pier for the Navy, set to begin this year, could be on the chopping block, along with hundreds of smaller projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Marines have been under fire to improve water quality at Camp Pendleton after tests detected bacteria found in human and animal waste. A $48 million project to improve drinking water is set to get underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Mike Levin, D–San Juan Capistrano, is a first-term congressman whose district includes Camp Pendleton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no question there is a direct and indirect economic implication to all of this, but my primary consideration is the safety and security of the country, and the president is stealing billions from a number of very important military construction projects,” Levin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Appropriation Committee released a long list of construction projects that could be affected by the emergency declaration, including $124 million in projects on Camp Pendleton alone. Levin had just returned to Southern California on Friday after spending the week in Washington. Like most members of Congress from military towns, he expected to spend the weekend fielding questions from constituents in and out of the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Minutes after the president announced he was declaring a state of emergency, California announced that the state would \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press_releases/Multistate%20Emergency%20Declaration%20Lawsuit%20.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">challenge the decision in court\u003c/a>. In a press conference, Gov. Gavin Newsom called the emergency declaration a manufactured crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727216/california-15-other-states-sue-trump-over-border-wall-emergency-declaration\">California, 15 Other States Sue Trump Over Border Wall Emergency Declaration\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727216/california-15-other-states-sue-trump-over-border-wall-emergency-declaration\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/BorderWall-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“No other state will be more harmed than the state of California because of the magnitude of the money,” Newsom said. “We’re also looking at the impact of our National Guard deployment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor had hoped to work out an agreement with the federal government to send National Guard troops to help stop fentanyl and other drugs from entering California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Trump administration announced Friday it is pulling $2.5 billion in Department of Defense funds from anti-drug trafficking activities to help build the wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balmert said the San Diego Military Advisory Council, which looks at the local economic impact of the military, is neutral on whether the federal government should expand the border wall. The group’s focus is on lessening the impact of the project on San Diego’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private contractors on military bases will face extra costs, like maintaining security clearances on every construction worker. And then there is the cost to the taxpayer if a firm has already signed a Department of Defense contract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These construction projects would also be needing a lot materials, tools and equipment like this \u003ca href=\"https://twaylifting.com/rigging/wire-ropes/wire-rope-slings/wire-rope-slings-eye-eye/tway-34-d-eye-eye-wire-rope-sling/\">\u003cstrong>weight of wire rope\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> that are also to be considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then the contractor has a right to come in and say, this is the cost of having us stopping and restarting to our contract,” Balmert said. “So if there is a stop this year and a start next year, the project won’t be completed at the same cost. The cost will go up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "In Garlic Capital, Tariffs and Immigration Crackdown Have Mixed Impacts",
"title": "In Garlic Capital, Tariffs and Immigration Crackdown Have Mixed Impacts",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Gilroy is known as the garlic capital of the world. And two Trump administration policies — one on trade, the other on immigration — are having a mixed impact on this agricultural community southeast of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's about 50 degrees outside, but for a moment it looks like it's snowing. But the morning air is pungent and savory, and those flakes falling from the sky are garlic skin pieces, drifting away from the peeling facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727439\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1544_custom-80808e6e579eb790fc828d689970fd9d3e2321e6-e1550681473331.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727439\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1544_custom-80808e6e579eb790fc828d689970fd9d3e2321e6-e1550681473331.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garlic sits in bins before being processed at the processing plant. \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christopher Ranch in Gilroy is the largest garlic producer in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Christopher, executive vice president, says it didn't always look this busy. In the 1990s, he says, the industry was hit hard by cheap Chinese garlic imports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"U.S. garlic was trading around $40 a box in the 1990s,\" he says. \"Chinese garlic flooded the market at $10 a box, and it severely undercut a lot of U.S. growers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gilroy is known for its garlic, but only a few farms survived. Christopher Ranch was the biggest. Ken Christopher says about 6 percent of its garlic is bought from China; the rest is homegrown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727441\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1154_slide-82d210a1659cbe65ca0c20951b6c8148f9064e54-e1550680524639.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727441\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1154_slide-82d210a1659cbe65ca0c20951b6c8148f9064e54-e1550680524639.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers sort out defective garlic at the Christopher Ranch plant. The company employs more than 1,000 people \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It was really hard,\" he says. \"We're talking reduction in workforce, we're talking reduction in work hours, we had furlough days simply just to get through the year.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This struggle went on for years. Then, in 2016, Donald Trump was elected president. And his stance on Chinese imports was pretty clear: tax them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher flew to Washington last year to testify in favor of tariffs on Chinese garlic. They would mean that Chinese garlic at your supermarket would be way more expensive than U.S.-grown garlic. When Christopher talks about tariffs, his face lights up. He says ideally, Chinese garlic would be taxed at rate over 400 percent. In the end, the Trump administration went for a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/17/648845578/trump-sets-tariffs-on-200-billion-in-imports-from-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10 percent tariff\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher remembers when it was announced: \"My coworkers and I started texting each other, emails started flying back and forth. A coworker of mine actually got me the flag that was flying above the U.S. Capitol the day they got enacted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727442\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1290.psd1_slide-1f39a1175960d0a472c3d60efa4cda7ab7223cd0-e1550680961367.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727442\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1290.psd1_slide-1f39a1175960d0a472c3d60efa4cda7ab7223cd0-e1550680961367.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A worker at the plant pulls garlic samples for testing. The Christopher Ranch company saw demand for its garlic grow amid U.S. tariffs on Chinese garlic. \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727449\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727449\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"436\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85-160x54.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85-800x268.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85-1200x402.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shipment trucks (left) are parked at the processing plant (right). \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For many American farmers, who export a large amount of their produce, the tariff war with China has dealt a big blow. Christopher says he is very sympathetic to their plight, and he doesn't think tariffs are a long-term solution. But they are certainly helping. Christopher Ranch said sales were up by about 20 percent last year. The company even had to pull garlic from storage to meet increased demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like most American agriculture, immigrants are a big part of Gilroy's labor force. And the Trump administration's crackdown on undocumented labor has hit many California farmers hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727444\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a0893.psd_slide-d385fc5f353778ffdce3e3a777cbf911043e5120-e1550681269110.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727444\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a0893.psd_slide-d385fc5f353778ffdce3e3a777cbf911043e5120-e1550681269110.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers pack garlic into boxes at the plant. Ken Christopher, the company's executive vice president, said that when the Trump administration announced tariffs on China, \"My coworkers and I started texting each other, emails started flying back and forth.\" \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727451\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727451\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"433\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85-160x53.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85-800x266.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85-1200x400.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garlic skins fall on operations manager Harald Vaernes (right) at the processing plant. The company had to pull garlic from storage to meet increased demand. \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christopher says he thinks about this all the time. \"If the Republican Party is pro-business, if they want to support industries across the country, they need to realize that immigration is a critical function of that,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gerardo Barba, an outreach coordinator for Catholic Charities, says the mood here has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just in general, there has been a lot more fear ... just fear to be out in public,\" he says. Barba says he's \"started noticing changes recently with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/02/08/ice-arrests-went-up-in-2017-with-biggest-increases-in-florida-northern-texas-oklahoma/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">higher amounts of actual arrests that ICE conducts\u003c/a> — generally going to people's homes, knocking on the door.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving through Gilroy, it's clear that town has close ties to Mexico. The streets are lined with taquerias and discotecas, and sites on the outskirts of town house migrant workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727446\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1816_slide-d080ef414aca9a5111b3b0b00b2dc8f8ab1a10fb-e1550681396733.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727446\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1816_slide-d080ef414aca9a5111b3b0b00b2dc8f8ab1a10fb-e1550681396733.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cold storage (left) and empty garlic bins at the plant. \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christopher Ranch currently employs more than 1,000 people. One man who packages garlic there tells NPR they're great bosses. He gets paid $15 an hour — a solid wage for a farmworker. He recently got his green card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked that his name not be used because he has family members who are undocumented and are worried about getting deported. If that happens, they've asked him to take care of their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says even though business is booming, there's a lot of fear. And he wonders: If enough people get deported, who's going to harvest all that garlic?\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gilroy is known as the garlic capital of the world. And two Trump administration policies — one on trade, the other on immigration — are having a mixed impact on this agricultural community southeast of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's about 50 degrees outside, but for a moment it looks like it's snowing. But the morning air is pungent and savory, and those flakes falling from the sky are garlic skin pieces, drifting away from the peeling facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727439\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1544_custom-80808e6e579eb790fc828d689970fd9d3e2321e6-e1550681473331.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727439\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1544_custom-80808e6e579eb790fc828d689970fd9d3e2321e6-e1550681473331.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garlic sits in bins before being processed at the processing plant. \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christopher Ranch in Gilroy is the largest garlic producer in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Christopher, executive vice president, says it didn't always look this busy. In the 1990s, he says, the industry was hit hard by cheap Chinese garlic imports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"U.S. garlic was trading around $40 a box in the 1990s,\" he says. \"Chinese garlic flooded the market at $10 a box, and it severely undercut a lot of U.S. growers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gilroy is known for its garlic, but only a few farms survived. Christopher Ranch was the biggest. Ken Christopher says about 6 percent of its garlic is bought from China; the rest is homegrown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727441\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1154_slide-82d210a1659cbe65ca0c20951b6c8148f9064e54-e1550680524639.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727441\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1154_slide-82d210a1659cbe65ca0c20951b6c8148f9064e54-e1550680524639.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers sort out defective garlic at the Christopher Ranch plant. The company employs more than 1,000 people \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It was really hard,\" he says. \"We're talking reduction in workforce, we're talking reduction in work hours, we had furlough days simply just to get through the year.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This struggle went on for years. Then, in 2016, Donald Trump was elected president. And his stance on Chinese imports was pretty clear: tax them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher flew to Washington last year to testify in favor of tariffs on Chinese garlic. They would mean that Chinese garlic at your supermarket would be way more expensive than U.S.-grown garlic. When Christopher talks about tariffs, his face lights up. He says ideally, Chinese garlic would be taxed at rate over 400 percent. In the end, the Trump administration went for a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/17/648845578/trump-sets-tariffs-on-200-billion-in-imports-from-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10 percent tariff\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher remembers when it was announced: \"My coworkers and I started texting each other, emails started flying back and forth. A coworker of mine actually got me the flag that was flying above the U.S. Capitol the day they got enacted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727442\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1290.psd1_slide-1f39a1175960d0a472c3d60efa4cda7ab7223cd0-e1550680961367.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727442\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1290.psd1_slide-1f39a1175960d0a472c3d60efa4cda7ab7223cd0-e1550680961367.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A worker at the plant pulls garlic samples for testing. The Christopher Ranch company saw demand for its garlic grow amid U.S. tariffs on Chinese garlic. \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727449\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727449\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"436\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85-160x54.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85-800x268.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-13-_custom-5b159137caa36a0e337506629f46fe9474be6995-s1300-c85-1200x402.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shipment trucks (left) are parked at the processing plant (right). \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For many American farmers, who export a large amount of their produce, the tariff war with China has dealt a big blow. Christopher says he is very sympathetic to their plight, and he doesn't think tariffs are a long-term solution. But they are certainly helping. Christopher Ranch said sales were up by about 20 percent last year. The company even had to pull garlic from storage to meet increased demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like most American agriculture, immigrants are a big part of Gilroy's labor force. And the Trump administration's crackdown on undocumented labor has hit many California farmers hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727444\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a0893.psd_slide-d385fc5f353778ffdce3e3a777cbf911043e5120-e1550681269110.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727444\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a0893.psd_slide-d385fc5f353778ffdce3e3a777cbf911043e5120-e1550681269110.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers pack garlic into boxes at the plant. Ken Christopher, the company's executive vice president, said that when the Trump administration announced tariffs on China, \"My coworkers and I started texting each other, emails started flying back and forth.\" \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727451\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727451\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"433\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85-160x53.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85-800x266.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/image-from-ios-14-_custom-bd2c3e5a9ed7ed7ffd8fc9a0ae4b49a430f3a609-s1300-c85-1200x400.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garlic skins fall on operations manager Harald Vaernes (right) at the processing plant. The company had to pull garlic from storage to meet increased demand. \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christopher says he thinks about this all the time. \"If the Republican Party is pro-business, if they want to support industries across the country, they need to realize that immigration is a critical function of that,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gerardo Barba, an outreach coordinator for Catholic Charities, says the mood here has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just in general, there has been a lot more fear ... just fear to be out in public,\" he says. Barba says he's \"started noticing changes recently with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/02/08/ice-arrests-went-up-in-2017-with-biggest-increases-in-florida-northern-texas-oklahoma/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">higher amounts of actual arrests that ICE conducts\u003c/a> — generally going to people's homes, knocking on the door.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving through Gilroy, it's clear that town has close ties to Mexico. The streets are lined with taquerias and discotecas, and sites on the outskirts of town house migrant workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11727446\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1816_slide-d080ef414aca9a5111b3b0b00b2dc8f8ab1a10fb-e1550681396733.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11727446\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/n0a1816_slide-d080ef414aca9a5111b3b0b00b2dc8f8ab1a10fb-e1550681396733.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cold storage (left) and empty garlic bins at the plant. \u003ccite>(Talia Herman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christopher Ranch currently employs more than 1,000 people. One man who packages garlic there tells NPR they're great bosses. He gets paid $15 an hour — a solid wage for a farmworker. He recently got his green card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked that his name not be used because he has family members who are undocumented and are worried about getting deported. If that happens, they've asked him to take care of their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says even though business is booming, there's a lot of fear. And he wonders: If enough people get deported, who's going to harvest all that garlic?\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"order": 1
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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