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"content": "\u003cp>Connie Young Yu thought she knew a lot about her beloved \u003cem>gung gung\u003c/em>. As a young girl, she would listen as her grandfather, Yung Wah Gok, recounted what it was like living through America’s Chinese Exclusion era of the late 19th century. She had heard many stories, like how, as a young boy in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> Chinatown, he’d have to sprint home while white residents hurled rocks at him.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 1972, when Yu was an adult active in Asian American organizing and scholarship, that her mother shared a surprising piece of his history with her. From the family’s large carved camphor chest in her bedroom, her mother pulled out a neatly folded parchment: It was \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/copy-of-upload-a-certificate?pgid=m68xajc7-a512c26d-b87a-443c-883e-98cc622e3d31\">her grandfather’s \u003cem>chak chee\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a certificate of residence that all Chinese people in the U.S. were required to carry, as mandated by the 1892 Geary Act, the successor to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/chinese-exclusion-act\">1882 Chinese Exclusion Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Stamped across the top of the document was the word “LABORER.” Below it were his occupation — “cook,” his height — just over 5 feet, 3 inches and identifying marks — “scar on left forearm.” And in the lower left corner was a striking portrait photo of her grandfather at the age of 25.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096096\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu’s collection of certificates of residence includes her own grandfather’s document. Yung Wah Gok and other Chinese residents initially resisted the Geary Act requirement to carry the certificates with them at all times under the threat of deportation. (Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>“I just thought, ‘Gee … that doesn’t look like my \u003cem>gung gung\u003c/em>,’” said Yu, now 85, who had known her grandfather as a dignified man who wore suits. “But actually, I really liked that picture in many ways because he looks very determined. Like a young rebel.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The certificate was issued in May 1894, two years after the passage of the Geary Act, revealing that her grandfather had been one of the tens of thousands of Chinese residents across the country who had resisted the federal government’s demands to register — forming one of the largest campaigns of civil disobedience in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 1892-93, Chinese immigrants refused to comply with the requirement to register with their local internal revenue offices. If they were caught without a certificate, they faced arrest, detention and deportation as stipulated by the Geary Act, which historians and legal theorists say helped shape today’s U.S. immigration system. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While Chinese immigrants are remembered for constitutional victories, including rulings that established \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12088125/as-america-turns-250-san-franciscos-role-in-defining-citizenship-endures\">birthright citizenship\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050233/how-a-chinese-laundryman-shaped-us-civil-rights-from-san-francisco\">strengthened equal protection\u003c/a>, they have another legacy: they led a nationwide campaign against the federal government’s expansion of immigration powers. And though they ultimately failed to overturn the Geary Act in court, their resistance challenged the adoption of now-routine practices — calling them “cruel and unjust,” and incompatible with the nation’s constitutional ideals. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095828\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu stands for a portrait in her home in Los Altos, California, on Thursday, July 30, 2026. Yu’s paternal grandfather, Yung Wah Gok, arrived in the U.S.as an 11-year-old laborer in 1881, a year before the Chinese Exclusion Act. (Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Those sentiments are echoed today by immigrant communities across the country, as the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078084/agents-of-chaos-border-patrols-year-of-unchecked-force\">continues\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092697/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-warn-noncitizens-to-avoid-air-travel-after-ice-arrests\">double down\u003c/a> on its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085159/immigration-courts-are-using-a-new-tactic-to-speed-up-deportations\">deportation efforts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Yu, a longtime local historian and author, argues the resistance of early Chinese immigrants like her grandfather should be more well known. She co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/\">The Geary Act Project\u003c/a> two years ago and is now on a mission to collect more certificates — to lay a paper trail of evidence linking the racism experienced by her ancestors to the current administration’s immigration crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Our society is under threat, we’re under attack,” she said. “We’re trying to show that the Chinese Exclusion Act was actually a foundation for ICE and the harassment of people of color and immigration detention and deportation.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When Chinese exclusion wasn’t enough\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Yu said it’s by luck that she was born in the United States. Her grandfather arrived in 1881, at age 11 — just one year before the Chinese Exclusion Act banned Chinese laborers from entering the U.S. for a decade.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“My parents always said, ‘If he had waited until he was 12, you wouldn’t be here,’” Yu said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>When Chinese people began arriving in the U.S. in the late 1840s, there was no federal immigration system. States, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10429550/boomtown-history-2b\">California\u003c/a>, passed laws targeting Chinese immigrants as anti-Chinese sentiment grew, fueled by the narrative that they threatened the nation’s economic well-being.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1459\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095866\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED-160x117.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED-1536x1121.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A Chinese butcher and grocery store, with meat hanging from hooks with vegetables and other fresh produce displayed in crates at the front of the store in the Chinatown neighborhood of San Francisco, California, circa 1885. (Bettmann Archive/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>But Reconstruction — the post-Civil War era when constitutional protections were expanded for newly freed Black Americans — changed the landscape. The 14th Amendment ensured due process and equal protection to everyone, giving Chinese immigrants new grounds to challenge discriminatory state laws.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Several Supreme Court justices, along with others who wished to continue excluding Chinese immigrants, pushed for the federal government to take up immigration control, according to Kelly Lytle Hernández, an author and professor of history at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I understand our federal immigration system as being the creation of an effort to skirt the 14th Amendment, to skirt the growth of a multiracial democracy,” she said. ”Reconstruction and Chinese Exclusion are all part of the same story.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In 1875, the Supreme Court ruled in \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/92/275/\">\u003cem>Chy Lung v. Freeman\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that immigration was a federal responsibility, while \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/safr/blogs/chinese-women-immigration-and-the-first-u-s-exclusion-law-the-page-act-of-1875.htm\">the Page Act\u003c/a> established one of the first major federal restrictions on immigration, targeting Chinese and other Asian women. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"754\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096097\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01-160x118.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Second Market Street Chinatown burned down in an arson fire in 1887. There were no recorded casualties, but the entire Chinese community in San José was displaced. (Courtesy of History San José)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Seven years later came the Chinese Exclusion Act. Despite the passage of the landmark law, thousands of Chinese laborers and immigrants still arrived. They filed legal challenges to their exclusion, inundating federal courts in San Francisco and frustrating white politicians and residents who wanted to see Chinese immigration come to an end.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As the Chinese Exclusion Act was set to expire in 1892, the federal government realized it needed a way to plug the loopholes of the act, especially as anti-Chinese violence intensified.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp> “As soon as [white residents] saw that their goals weren’t being met by this experiment in diplomatic control, this is why we see the most violent anti-Chinese incidents happening between ’85 and ’88, not before 1882,” said Alexander Jin, a historian at Dartmouth University.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Vigilante mobs seized Chinese businesses and homes, and rural Chinatowns along the West Coast were set on fire, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891987/chinese-immigrants-were-forced-out-of-eureka-in-1885-heres-how-locals-are-making-that-history-known\">Eureka\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886267/california-cities-apologize-for-historical-wrongs-against-chinese-community\">Antioch\u003c/a>, Napa and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11877801/san-jose-had-5-chinatowns-why-did-they-vanish\">San José\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Yu’s grandfather was a pioneer of San José’s Chinatown, and she said he shared details of how his community was destroyed in 1887: “The newspaper always said ‘mysterious fire’ … but my grandfather always said the fire was set to drive us out … [they should’ve] asked the Chinese themselves how they felt,” Yu said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">‘The Dog Tag Law’\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Months before the Chinese Exclusion Act was set to lapse, Santa Rosa lawyer and U.S. House Representative \u003ca href=\"https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/13702\">Thomas J. Geary\u003c/a> introduced legislation that addressed a question the original act had a hard time answering: how could the government not only restrict newcomers but remove Chinese people who were already living in the country?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Geary Act became law, extending the Chinese Exclusion Act by a decade and imposing remarkable provisions on Chinese laborers living in the U.S. They had to register with the federal government and obtain a certificate of residence that they had to carry with them at all times or risk up to one year of hard labor in prison and deportation unless they could prove their immigration status with the testimony of two white witnesses. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-9 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"772\" data-id=\"12095847\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095847\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-02-KQED.jpg 803w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-02-KQED-160x154.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 803px) 100vw, 803px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">When faced with the prospect of deportation, early Chinese immigrants organized across the country to resist the 1892 Geary Act, forming one of the largest civil disobedience campaigns in U.S. history. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"859\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095849\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095849\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-04-KQED.jpg 859w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-04-KQED-160x148.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 859px) 100vw, 859px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Most of the certificates are marked as “laborer” while others, notably children, were categorized as “persons other than laborer.” (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-10 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"853\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095850\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095850\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-05-KQED.jpg 853w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-05-KQED-160x149.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Geary Act Project, launched by Connie Young Yu and Barre Fong, has collected about 300 certificates since launching about two years ago. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"772\" data-id=\"12095848\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-03-KQED.jpg 803w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-03-KQED-160x154.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 803px) 100vw, 803px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">“This is how they describe somebody born in the United States. They describe him, this 8-year-old boy, ‘persons other than laborer.’ They do not say ‘American,’ they do not say ‘citizen.’ I want people to know this.” — Janice Tong, San Francisco resident. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In other words, the Geary Act provided the U.S. government a way to deport longtime Chinese residents who had entered the U.S. legally. Historians say the law became the precursor to green cards, visas and other forms of surveillance and identification that the federal government uses today.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Though the act was signed into law, it garnered strongly worded protests within Congress, including from Robert R. Hitt, a representative from Illinois. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Never before in a free country was there such a system of tagging a man like a dog to be caught by the police and examined, and if his tag or collar is not all right, taken to the pound or drowned or shot … Never before was it applied by a free people to a human being with the exception (which we can never refer to with pride) of the sad days of slavery.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">‘Un-American, barbarous and inhuman’\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For the Chinese immigrant community, the law was unthinkable and unjust, and the response was swift. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, or the Chinese Six Companies, a powerful coalition that had financed earlier \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">legal victories\u003c/a>, asked Chinese residents to each contribute a dollar towards a legal campaign against the law. Meanwhile, in New York, the Chinese Equal Rights League was formed with the sole purpose of overturning the Geary Act.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In addition to applying political pressure and organizing petition drives, the groups organized Chinese residents to challenge the Geary Act through mass noncompliance. The Six Companies distributed leaflets in Chinese communities throughout the country, declaring that “The Geary Act is an unjust law and no Chinese should obey it … They have disregarded our rights and paid no attention to their promise, and made a law to suit themselves, no matter how unjust to us … Let us stand together.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096098\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association in San Francisco’s Chinatown neighborhood on July 31, 2025. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Russell Jeung, a professor of Asian American studies at San Francisco State University, remarked that spreading these messages across the country was an amazing feat, and demonstrated just how tight-knit and organized the Chinese immigrant population was: “The Chinese networks are in a better position to [raise awareness to] the Chinese community than the American government was … clearly there were networks and newspapers and communication among the community.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Chinese residents found allyship with different faith communities, particularly Christians. Some white Americans were compelled, in part, by the efforts of people like Jee Gam, a community leader and the first Chinese congregational pastor in America. Gam wrote essays in English for publications, most notably one titled \u003ca href=\"https://www.whobuiltamerica.org/item/the-geary-act-from-the-standpoint-of-a-christian-chinese\">“The Geary Act: From the Standpoint of a Christian Chinese\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp> “This Act withdraws some sacred rights such as in the Declaration of Independence are declared to be inalienable,” he wrote. “The right to a free, untrammelled pursuit of happiness, the right of habeas corpus, the right to be adjudged innocent until proven guilty … it is un-American, barbarous and inhuman.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The call to participate in the civil disobedience campaign was an extraordinary success. Only about 13,000 of the approximately 100,000 Chinese residents in the country registered during the initial registration period. That left the federal government with the challenge of arresting and deporting over 85% of the nation’s Chinese population — something they weren’t prepared or resourced to do. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Getting 100,000 people to do a thing is hard in itself, but I think the biggest success is making plain the weakness of the federal government,” Jin said. “Through the process of not registering and seeing how much power that had, they were able to find the weaknesses of the system and continue to exploit it throughout the exclusion era.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The search for the Geary Act’s paper trail\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On a dining room table in her Los Altos home, Yu fanned out the \u003cem>chak chee’s\u003c/em> that she’s been collecting, along with her grandfather’s. Since launching The Geary Act Project, Yu and documentary filmmaker Barre Fong have received and digitized \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/thecollection\">almost 300 certificates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Tens of thousands of people were part of the civil disobedience, including my grandfather. They complied, and they felt unity; there was a community because everybody’s behind it,” Yu said, as she carefully picked up the documents. Most of them are men, marked as “laborers,” but there are also ones for women and children.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Almost all of the certificates collected by the project were issued a couple of years after the Geary Act became law. Chinese immigrants only registered after the Supreme Court upheld the law in its ruling on \u003ca href=\"https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/usrep/usrep149/usrep149698/usrep149698.pdf\">\u003cem>Fong Yue Ting v. United States\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a case carefully orchestrated by the Six Companies. They had raised enough money to hire prominent attorneys and chose three unregistered laundrymen in New York to surrender themselves for arrest. The men were ordered to be deported in accordance with the Geary Act, and a lawsuit was initiated claiming the legislation was discriminatory and violated constitutional protections, including the 14th Amendment. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095826\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu speaks to KQED in her home in Los Altos, California, on Thursday, July 30, 2026. A longtime historian, Yu is the co-founder of the Geary Act Project, which is collecting and digitizing certificates of residence that may still be in the possession of Chinese American families. (Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>In May 1893, the court announced a 5-3 decision: the Geary Act was constitutional. The ruling extended the federal government’s power to exclude Chinese immigrants and gave it the ability to deport those already living in the U.S. The decision helped cement \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C18-8-7-1/ALDE_00001261/\">the plenary power doctrine\u003c/a>, which gives the federal government almost unlimited discretion on all aspects of immigration policy and remains a key tenet of U.S. immigration law today. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Things that seem normal today were actually created at a certain moment in time and for a very specific purpose: to keep Chinese immigrants, or as many as possible, out of the country,” Lytle Hernández said. “ What does it mean that the logic and the language and the rhetoric and the spirit of Chinese exclusion remains written into our precedent and our legal landscape of the immigration regime?”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>Strangers in the Land\u003c/em>, author Michael Luo wrote about the news of the Geary Act ruling reaching the San Francisco headquarters of the Six Companies: “In the afternoon, a reporter from the \u003cem>Call\u003c/em> found Gee Chong Tone, the secretary of the Six Companies, inside his office surrounded by stacks of telegrams from concerned immigrants across the state and country … he was shocked by the decision. ‘It’s like a man feeling safe being hit between the eyes in the dark,’ he said.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-11 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"738\" data-id=\"12095851\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095851\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-06-KQED.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-06-KQED-160x148.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">When faced with the prospect of deportation, early Chinese immigrants organized across the country to resist the 1892 Geary Act, forming one of the largest civil disobedience campaigns in U.S. history. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"871\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095852\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095852\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-07-KQED.jpg 871w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-07-KQED-160x146.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 871px) 100vw, 871px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Chinese immigrants are remembered for constitutional victories, including rulings that established birthright citizenship and strengthened equal protection. But they have another legacy: they led a nationwide campaign against the federal government’s expansion of immigration powers. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-12 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"869\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095853\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-08-KQED.jpg 869w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-08-KQED-160x147.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Most of the certificates collected by the Geary Act Project were issued in 1894, two years after the passage of the Geary Act, because Chinese residents refused to comply with the requirements of the law. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"874\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095854\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-10-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095854\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-10-KQED.jpg 874w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-10-KQED-160x146.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 874px) 100vw, 874px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">“Exclusion is kind of a nebulous idea, but then you look at the faces [on the certificates], and you’re like, ‘Oh, those are real people’ … and they were trying to have a dream of what they wanted to do, and they’re trying to survive.” — Barre Fong, documentary filmmaker. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>After the ruling, Geary added more teeth to the law, notably requiring the certificates of residence to include photographs.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“You can not make a verbal description of a Chinaman such as you can make of a white man … All Chinamen look alike, all dress alike, all have the same kind of eyes …” Geary said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Yu acknowledges the cruelty of the requirement, but as a historian, she also understands the value of having such detailed documentation of the country’s earliest Chinese residents. You know where each person lived and their physical traits, as detailed as “gold filling in upper teeth” or “large wart on nose right side.” There were also portraits of their faces, some of which show indisputable evidence of their hard labor and the stresses of surviving exclusion: the tanned skin from working outside, the wrinkles on their foreheads, the bags under their eyes. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The idea to collect the documents came from a conversation with Yu during a community event, Fong said, shortly after Trump won his second presidential election. There was a “general sense of fear and dread” about the threat facing immigrants, he said, and it felt like the right time to tell a counter-narrative about some of the country’s earliest immigrants. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"812\" height=\"797\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-01-KQED.jpg 812w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-01-KQED-160x157.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Transcontinental railroad worker Jow Kee’s original certificate of residence. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>“Exclusion is kind of a nebulous idea, but then you look at the faces [on the certificates], and you’re like ‘oh those are real people’ … and they were trying to have a dream of what they wanted to do, and they’re trying to survive,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The preservation of the Geary Act certificates offers a tangible record of the government’s efforts to define and categorize Chinese immigrants. Yu and Fong say it’s a slow, manual, volunteer-run effort. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In addition to tapping into collections from different historical organizations, they’re depending on submissions from families that have held onto the documents as keepsakes for generations. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Some are stored at the National Archives in San Bruno, which announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12088904/exclusive-the-bay-areas-national-archives-office-is-closing-researchers-are-worried\">its impending closure\u003c/a> earlier this year. Documents could be dispersed across the country, Fong said, which would make the search far more difficult.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Among the most striking certificates collected by the Geary Act Project came from San Francisco resident Janice Tong, including those belonging to her great-grandfather, great-grandmother and her grandfather when he was just a young boy. It was the child’s certificate that struck Yu as particularly “cold-blooded.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“This is how they describe somebody born in the United States. They describe him, this 8-year-old boy, ‘persons other than laborer.’ They do not say ‘American,’ they do not say ‘citizen.’ I want people to know this.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Among the most prized certificates they have uncovered was one belonging to Jow Kee, a transcontinental railroad worker. It is the only portrait that has been found of one of the roughly 12,000 Chinese men who helped build the railroad. It had been sitting in a box under a bed in a descendant’s home for years. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Fong said the collection of certificates could open up some critical conversations in the Chinese American community: “The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021919/bay-area-japanese-americans-draw-on-wwii-trauma-resist-deportation-threats\">Japanese American community’s incarcerated survivors\u003c/a> [from World War II] are really great at talking about intergenerational trauma. The Chinese American community is not great at that … I think we should be better at talking about it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the work of the Geary Act Project is not just a labor of love, Yu said. She believes it’s her “destiny” and that the current moment demands it. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As she carefully slipped the certificates back into their protective plastic sleeves, Yu shared a message to her community.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The call to action is ‘stand up, Chinese Americans.’ Stand up for your people and the people in your community … because your ancestors have gone through this turmoil and struggle that so many immigrants are going through … show solidarity. Show empathy.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She also hopes more Chinese American families will search their closets, attics and archives for more certificates — \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/upload-a-certificate\">and share them\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And bring proof of your ancestors’ lives,” she said, with a small smile. “They struggled to be here.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Connie Young Yu thought she knew a lot about her beloved \u003cem>gung gung\u003c/em>. As a young girl, she would listen as her grandfather, Yung Wah Gok, recounted what it was like living through America’s Chinese Exclusion era of the late 19th century. She had heard many stories, like how, as a young boy in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> Chinatown, he’d have to sprint home while white residents hurled rocks at him.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Connie Young Yu thought she knew a lot about her beloved \u003cem>gung gung\u003c/em>. As a young girl, she would listen as her grandfather, Yung Wah Gok, recounted what it was like living through America’s Chinese Exclusion era of the late 19th century. She had heard many stories, like how, as a young boy in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> Chinatown, he’d have to sprint home while white residents hurled rocks at him.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 1972, when Yu was an adult active in Asian American organizing and scholarship, that her mother shared a surprising piece of his history with her. From the family’s large carved camphor chest in her bedroom, her mother pulled out a neatly folded parchment: It was \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/copy-of-upload-a-certificate?pgid=m68xajc7-a512c26d-b87a-443c-883e-98cc622e3d31\">her grandfather’s \u003cem>chak chee\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a certificate of residence that all Chinese people in the U.S. were required to carry, as mandated by the 1892 Geary Act, the successor to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/chinese-exclusion-act\">1882 Chinese Exclusion Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 1972, when Yu was an adult active in Asian American organizing and scholarship, that her mother shared a surprising piece of his history with her. From the family’s large carved camphor chest in her bedroom, her mother pulled out a neatly folded parchment: It was \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/copy-of-upload-a-certificate?pgid=m68xajc7-a512c26d-b87a-443c-883e-98cc622e3d31\">her grandfather’s \u003cem>chak chee\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a certificate of residence that all Chinese people in the U.S. were required to carry, as mandated by the 1892 Geary Act, the successor to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/chinese-exclusion-act\">1882 Chinese Exclusion Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Stamped across the top of the document was the word “LABORER.” Below it were his occupation — “cook,” his height — just over 5 feet, 3 inches and identifying marks — “scar on left forearm.” And in the lower left corner was a striking portrait photo of her grandfather at the age of 25.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Stamped across the top of the document was the word “LABORER.” Below it were his occupation — “cook,” his height — just over 5 feet, 3 inches and identifying marks — “scar on left forearm.” And in the lower left corner was a striking portrait photo of her grandfather at the age of 25.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096096\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu’s collection of certificates of residence includes her own grandfather’s document. Yung Wah Gok and other Chinese residents initially resisted the Geary Act requirement to carry the certificates with them at all times under the threat of deportation.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096096\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu’s collection of certificates of residence includes her own grandfather’s document. Yung Wah Gok and other Chinese residents initially resisted the Geary Act requirement to carry the certificates with them at all times under the threat of deportation.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I just thought, ‘Gee … that doesn’t look like my \u003cem>gung gung\u003c/em>,’” said Yu, now 85, who had known her grandfather as a dignified man who wore suits. “But actually, I really liked that picture in many ways because he looks very determined. Like a young rebel.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“I just thought, ‘Gee … that doesn’t look like my \u003cem>gung gung\u003c/em>,’” said Yu, now 85, who had known her grandfather as a dignified man who wore suits. “But actually, I really liked that picture in many ways because he looks very determined. Like a young rebel.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The certificate was issued in May 1894, two years after the passage of the Geary Act, revealing that her grandfather had been one of the tens of thousands of Chinese residents across the country who had resisted the federal government’s demands to register — forming one of the largest campaigns of civil disobedience in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The certificate was issued in May 1894, two years after the passage of the Geary Act, revealing that her grandfather had been one of the tens of thousands of Chinese residents across the country who had resisted the federal government’s demands to register — forming one of the largest campaigns of civil disobedience in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>From 1892-93, Chinese immigrants refused to comply with the requirement to register with their local internal revenue offices. If they were caught without a certificate, they faced arrest, detention and deportation as stipulated by the Geary Act, which historians and legal theorists say helped shape today’s U.S. immigration system. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>From 1892-93, Chinese immigrants refused to comply with the requirement to register with their local internal revenue offices. If they were caught without a certificate, they faced arrest, detention and deportation as stipulated by the Geary Act, which historians and legal theorists say helped shape today’s U.S. immigration system. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>While Chinese immigrants are remembered for constitutional victories, including rulings that established \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12088125/as-america-turns-250-san-franciscos-role-in-defining-citizenship-endures\">birthright citizenship\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050233/how-a-chinese-laundryman-shaped-us-civil-rights-from-san-francisco\">strengthened equal protection\u003c/a>, they have another legacy: they led a nationwide campaign against the federal government’s expansion of immigration powers. And though they ultimately failed to overturn the Geary Act in court, their resistance challenged the adoption of now-routine practices — calling them “cruel and unjust,” and incompatible with the nation’s constitutional ideals. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>While Chinese immigrants are remembered for constitutional victories, including rulings that established \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12088125/as-america-turns-250-san-franciscos-role-in-defining-citizenship-endures\">birthright citizenship\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050233/how-a-chinese-laundryman-shaped-us-civil-rights-from-san-francisco\">strengthened equal protection\u003c/a>, they have another legacy: they led a nationwide campaign against the federal government’s expansion of immigration powers. And though they ultimately failed to overturn the Geary Act in court, their resistance challenged the adoption of now-routine practices — calling them “cruel and unjust,” and incompatible with the nation’s constitutional ideals. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095828\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu stands for a portrait in her home in Los Altos, California, on Thursday, July 30, 2026. Yu’s paternal grandfather, Yung Wah Gok, arrived in the U.S.as an 11-year-old laborer in 1881, a year before the Chinese Exclusion Act. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095828\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu stands for a portrait in her home in Los Altos, California, on Thursday, July 30, 2026. Yu’s paternal grandfather, Yung Wah Gok, arrived in the U.S.as an 11-year-old laborer in 1881, a year before the Chinese Exclusion Act. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Those sentiments are echoed today by immigrant communities across the country, as the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078084/agents-of-chaos-border-patrols-year-of-unchecked-force\">continues\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092697/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-warn-noncitizens-to-avoid-air-travel-after-ice-arrests\">double down\u003c/a> on its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085159/immigration-courts-are-using-a-new-tactic-to-speed-up-deportations\">deportation efforts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Those sentiments are echoed today by immigrant communities across the country, as the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078084/agents-of-chaos-border-patrols-year-of-unchecked-force\">continues\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092697/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-warn-noncitizens-to-avoid-air-travel-after-ice-arrests\">double down\u003c/a> on its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085159/immigration-courts-are-using-a-new-tactic-to-speed-up-deportations\">deportation efforts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Yu, a longtime local historian and author, argues the resistance of early Chinese immigrants like her grandfather should be more well known. She co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/\">The Geary Act Project\u003c/a> two years ago and is now on a mission to collect more certificates — to lay a paper trail of evidence linking the racism experienced by her ancestors to the current administration’s immigration crackdown.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Yu, a longtime local historian and author, argues the resistance of early Chinese immigrants like her grandfather should be more well known. She co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/\">The Geary Act Project\u003c/a> two years ago and is now on a mission to collect more certificates — to lay a paper trail of evidence linking the racism experienced by her ancestors to the current administration’s immigration crackdown.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Our society is under threat, we’re under attack,” she said. “We’re trying to show that the Chinese Exclusion Act was actually a foundation for ICE and the harassment of people of color and immigration detention and deportation.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Our society is under threat, we’re under attack,” she said. “We’re trying to show that the Chinese Exclusion Act was actually a foundation for ICE and the harassment of people of color and immigration detention and deportation.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"text": "When Chinese exclusion wasn’t enough ",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When Chinese exclusion wasn’t enough\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n",
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"\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When Chinese exclusion wasn’t enough\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Yu said it’s by luck that she was born in the United States. Her grandfather arrived in 1881, at age 11 — just one year before the Chinese Exclusion Act banned Chinese laborers from entering the U.S. for a decade.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Yu said it’s by luck that she was born in the United States. Her grandfather arrived in 1881, at age 11 — just one year before the Chinese Exclusion Act banned Chinese laborers from entering the U.S. for a decade.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“My parents always said, ‘If he had waited until he was 12, you wouldn’t be here,’” Yu said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“My parents always said, ‘If he had waited until he was 12, you wouldn’t be here,’” Yu said. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>When Chinese people began arriving in the U.S. in the late 1840s, there was no federal immigration system. States, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10429550/boomtown-history-2b\">California\u003c/a>, passed laws targeting Chinese immigrants as anti-Chinese sentiment grew, fueled by the narrative that they threatened the nation’s economic well-being.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>When Chinese people began arriving in the U.S. in the late 1840s, there was no federal immigration system. States, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10429550/boomtown-history-2b\">California\u003c/a>, passed laws targeting Chinese immigrants as anti-Chinese sentiment grew, fueled by the narrative that they threatened the nation’s economic well-being.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095866\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED-160x117.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED-1536x1121.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A Chinese butcher and grocery store, with meat hanging from hooks with vegetables and other fresh produce displayed in crates at the front of the store in the Chinatown neighborhood of San Francisco, California, circa 1885. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095866\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A Chinese butcher and grocery store, with meat hanging from hooks with vegetables and other fresh produce displayed in crates at the front of the store in the Chinatown neighborhood of San Francisco, California, circa 1885. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>But Reconstruction — the post-Civil War era when constitutional protections were expanded for newly freed Black Americans — changed the landscape. The 14th Amendment ensured due process and equal protection to everyone, giving Chinese immigrants new grounds to challenge discriminatory state laws.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>But Reconstruction — the post-Civil War era when constitutional protections were expanded for newly freed Black Americans — changed the landscape. The 14th Amendment ensured due process and equal protection to everyone, giving Chinese immigrants new grounds to challenge discriminatory state laws.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Several Supreme Court justices, along with others who wished to continue excluding Chinese immigrants, pushed for the federal government to take up immigration control, according to Kelly Lytle Hernández, an author and professor of history at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Several Supreme Court justices, along with others who wished to continue excluding Chinese immigrants, pushed for the federal government to take up immigration control, according to Kelly Lytle Hernández, an author and professor of history at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I understand our federal immigration system as being the creation of an effort to skirt the 14th Amendment, to skirt the growth of a multiracial democracy,” she said. ”Reconstruction and Chinese Exclusion are all part of the same story.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“I understand our federal immigration system as being the creation of an effort to skirt the 14th Amendment, to skirt the growth of a multiracial democracy,” she said. ”Reconstruction and Chinese Exclusion are all part of the same story.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In 1875, the Supreme Court ruled in \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/92/275/\">\u003cem>Chy Lung v. Freeman\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that immigration was a federal responsibility, while \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/safr/blogs/chinese-women-immigration-and-the-first-u-s-exclusion-law-the-page-act-of-1875.htm\">the Page Act\u003c/a> established one of the first major federal restrictions on immigration, targeting Chinese and other Asian women. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In 1875, the Supreme Court ruled in \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/92/275/\">\u003cem>Chy Lung v. Freeman\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that immigration was a federal responsibility, while \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/safr/blogs/chinese-women-immigration-and-the-first-u-s-exclusion-law-the-page-act-of-1875.htm\">the Page Act\u003c/a> established one of the first major federal restrictions on immigration, targeting Chinese and other Asian women. \u003c/p>\n"
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"srcset": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01-160x118.jpg 160w",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096097\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01-160x118.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Second Market Street Chinatown burned down in an arson fire in 1887. There were no recorded casualties, but the entire Chinese community in San José was displaced. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096097\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Second Market Street Chinatown burned down in an arson fire in 1887. There were no recorded casualties, but the entire Chinese community in San José was displaced. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Seven years later came the Chinese Exclusion Act. Despite the passage of the landmark law, thousands of Chinese laborers and immigrants still arrived. They filed legal challenges to their exclusion, inundating federal courts in San Francisco and frustrating white politicians and residents who wanted to see Chinese immigration come to an end.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Seven years later came the Chinese Exclusion Act. Despite the passage of the landmark law, thousands of Chinese laborers and immigrants still arrived. They filed legal challenges to their exclusion, inundating federal courts in San Francisco and frustrating white politicians and residents who wanted to see Chinese immigration come to an end.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>As the Chinese Exclusion Act was set to expire in 1892, the federal government realized it needed a way to plug the loopholes of the act, especially as anti-Chinese violence intensified.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>As the Chinese Exclusion Act was set to expire in 1892, the federal government realized it needed a way to plug the loopholes of the act, especially as anti-Chinese violence intensified.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp> “As soon as [white residents] saw that their goals weren’t being met by this experiment in diplomatic control, this is why we see the most violent anti-Chinese incidents happening between ’85 and ’88, not before 1882,” said Alexander Jin, a historian at Dartmouth University.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp> “As soon as [white residents] saw that their goals weren’t being met by this experiment in diplomatic control, this is why we see the most violent anti-Chinese incidents happening between ’85 and ’88, not before 1882,” said Alexander Jin, a historian at Dartmouth University.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Vigilante mobs seized Chinese businesses and homes, and rural Chinatowns along the West Coast were set on fire, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891987/chinese-immigrants-were-forced-out-of-eureka-in-1885-heres-how-locals-are-making-that-history-known\">Eureka\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886267/california-cities-apologize-for-historical-wrongs-against-chinese-community\">Antioch\u003c/a>, Napa and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11877801/san-jose-had-5-chinatowns-why-did-they-vanish\">San José\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Vigilante mobs seized Chinese businesses and homes, and rural Chinatowns along the West Coast were set on fire, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891987/chinese-immigrants-were-forced-out-of-eureka-in-1885-heres-how-locals-are-making-that-history-known\">Eureka\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886267/california-cities-apologize-for-historical-wrongs-against-chinese-community\">Antioch\u003c/a>, Napa and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11877801/san-jose-had-5-chinatowns-why-did-they-vanish\">San José\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Yu’s grandfather was a pioneer of San José’s Chinatown, and she said he shared details of how his community was destroyed in 1887: “The newspaper always said ‘mysterious fire’ … but my grandfather always said the fire was set to drive us out … [they should’ve] asked the Chinese themselves how they felt,” Yu said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Yu’s grandfather was a pioneer of San José’s Chinatown, and she said he shared details of how his community was destroyed in 1887: “The newspaper always said ‘mysterious fire’ … but my grandfather always said the fire was set to drive us out … [they should’ve] asked the Chinese themselves how they felt,” Yu said. \u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/heading",
"attrs": {
"text": "‘The Dog Tag Law’",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">‘The Dog Tag Law’\u003c/h2>\n",
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"\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">‘The Dog Tag Law’\u003c/h2>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Months before the Chinese Exclusion Act was set to lapse, Santa Rosa lawyer and U.S. House Representative \u003ca href=\"https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/13702\">Thomas J. Geary\u003c/a> introduced legislation that addressed a question the original act had a hard time answering: how could the government not only restrict newcomers but remove Chinese people who were already living in the country?\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Months before the Chinese Exclusion Act was set to lapse, Santa Rosa lawyer and U.S. House Representative \u003ca href=\"https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/13702\">Thomas J. Geary\u003c/a> introduced legislation that addressed a question the original act had a hard time answering: how could the government not only restrict newcomers but remove Chinese people who were already living in the country?\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The Geary Act became law, extending the Chinese Exclusion Act by a decade and imposing remarkable provisions on Chinese laborers living in the U.S. They had to register with the federal government and obtain a certificate of residence that they had to carry with them at all times or risk up to one year of hard labor in prison and deportation unless they could prove their immigration status with the testimony of two white witnesses. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The Geary Act became law, extending the Chinese Exclusion Act by a decade and imposing remarkable provisions on Chinese laborers living in the U.S. They had to register with the federal government and obtain a certificate of residence that they had to carry with them at all times or risk up to one year of hard labor in prison and deportation unless they could prove their immigration status with the testimony of two white witnesses. \u003c/p>\n"
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null,
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null,
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095847\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">When faced with the prospect of deportation, early Chinese immigrants organized across the country to resist the 1892 Geary Act, forming one of the largest civil disobedience campaigns in U.S. history.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095847\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">When faced with the prospect of deportation, early Chinese immigrants organized across the country to resist the 1892 Geary Act, forming one of the largest civil disobedience campaigns in U.S. history.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095849\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Most of the certificates are marked as “laborer” while others, notably children, were categorized as “persons other than laborer.”\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095849\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Most of the certificates are marked as “laborer” while others, notably children, were categorized as “persons other than laborer.”\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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null,
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095850\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Geary Act Project, launched by Connie Young Yu and Barre Fong, has collected about 300 certificates since launching about two years ago. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095850\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Geary Act Project, launched by Connie Young Yu and Barre Fong, has collected about 300 certificates since launching about two years ago. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095848\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">“This is how they describe somebody born in the United States. They describe him, this 8-year-old boy, ‘persons other than laborer.’ They do not say ‘American,’ they do not say ‘citizen.’ I want people to know this.” — Janice Tong, San Francisco resident.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095848\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">“This is how they describe somebody born in the United States. They describe him, this 8-year-old boy, ‘persons other than laborer.’ They do not say ‘American,’ they do not say ‘citizen.’ I want people to know this.” — Janice Tong, San Francisco resident.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In other words, the Geary Act provided the U.S. government a way to deport longtime Chinese residents who had entered the U.S. legally. Historians say the law became the precursor to green cards, visas and other forms of surveillance and identification that the federal government uses today.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In other words, the Geary Act provided the U.S. government a way to deport longtime Chinese residents who had entered the U.S. legally. Historians say the law became the precursor to green cards, visas and other forms of surveillance and identification that the federal government uses today.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Though the act was signed into law, it garnered strongly worded protests within Congress, including from Robert R. Hitt, a representative from Illinois. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Though the act was signed into law, it garnered strongly worded protests within Congress, including from Robert R. Hitt, a representative from Illinois. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Never before in a free country was there such a system of tagging a man like a dog to be caught by the police and examined, and if his tag or collar is not all right, taken to the pound or drowned or shot … Never before was it applied by a free people to a human being with the exception (which we can never refer to with pride) of the sad days of slavery.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Never before in a free country was there such a system of tagging a man like a dog to be caught by the police and examined, and if his tag or collar is not all right, taken to the pound or drowned or shot … Never before was it applied by a free people to a human being with the exception (which we can never refer to with pride) of the sad days of slavery.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/heading",
"attrs": {
"text": "‘Un-American, barbarous and inhuman’",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">‘Un-American, barbarous and inhuman’\u003c/h2>\n",
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"\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">‘Un-American, barbarous and inhuman’\u003c/h2>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>For the Chinese immigrant community, the law was unthinkable and unjust, and the response was swift. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>For the Chinese immigrant community, the law was unthinkable and unjust, and the response was swift. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, or the Chinese Six Companies, a powerful coalition that had financed earlier \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">legal victories\u003c/a>, asked Chinese residents to each contribute a dollar towards a legal campaign against the law. Meanwhile, in New York, the Chinese Equal Rights League was formed with the sole purpose of overturning the Geary Act.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, or the Chinese Six Companies, a powerful coalition that had financed earlier \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">legal victories\u003c/a>, asked Chinese residents to each contribute a dollar towards a legal campaign against the law. Meanwhile, in New York, the Chinese Equal Rights League was formed with the sole purpose of overturning the Geary Act.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In addition to applying political pressure and organizing petition drives, the groups organized Chinese residents to challenge the Geary Act through mass noncompliance. The Six Companies distributed leaflets in Chinese communities throughout the country, declaring that “The Geary Act is an unjust law and no Chinese should obey it … They have disregarded our rights and paid no attention to their promise, and made a law to suit themselves, no matter how unjust to us … Let us stand together.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In addition to applying political pressure and organizing petition drives, the groups organized Chinese residents to challenge the Geary Act through mass noncompliance. The Six Companies distributed leaflets in Chinese communities throughout the country, declaring that “The Geary Act is an unjust law and no Chinese should obey it … They have disregarded our rights and paid no attention to their promise, and made a law to suit themselves, no matter how unjust to us … Let us stand together.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"srcset": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096098\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association in San Francisco’s Chinatown neighborhood on July 31, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096098\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association in San Francisco’s Chinatown neighborhood on July 31, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Russell Jeung, a professor of Asian American studies at San Francisco State University, remarked that spreading these messages across the country was an amazing feat, and demonstrated just how tight-knit and organized the Chinese immigrant population was: “The Chinese networks are in a better position to [raise awareness to] the Chinese community than the American government was … clearly there were networks and newspapers and communication among the community.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Chinese residents found allyship with different faith communities, particularly Christians. Some white Americans were compelled, in part, by the efforts of people like Jee Gam, a community leader and the first Chinese congregational pastor in America. Gam wrote essays in English for publications, most notably one titled \u003ca href=\"https://www.whobuiltamerica.org/item/the-geary-act-from-the-standpoint-of-a-christian-chinese\">“The Geary Act: From the Standpoint of a Christian Chinese\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Chinese residents found allyship with different faith communities, particularly Christians. Some white Americans were compelled, in part, by the efforts of people like Jee Gam, a community leader and the first Chinese congregational pastor in America. Gam wrote essays in English for publications, most notably one titled \u003ca href=\"https://www.whobuiltamerica.org/item/the-geary-act-from-the-standpoint-of-a-christian-chinese\">“The Geary Act: From the Standpoint of a Christian Chinese\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp> “This Act withdraws some sacred rights such as in the Declaration of Independence are declared to be inalienable,” he wrote. “The right to a free, untrammelled pursuit of happiness, the right of habeas corpus, the right to be adjudged innocent until proven guilty … it is un-American, barbarous and inhuman.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp> “This Act withdraws some sacred rights such as in the Declaration of Independence are declared to be inalienable,” he wrote. “The right to a free, untrammelled pursuit of happiness, the right of habeas corpus, the right to be adjudged innocent until proven guilty … it is un-American, barbarous and inhuman.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The call to participate in the civil disobedience campaign was an extraordinary success. Only about 13,000 of the approximately 100,000 Chinese residents in the country registered during the initial registration period. That left the federal government with the challenge of arresting and deporting over 85% of the nation’s Chinese population — something they weren’t prepared or resourced to do. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The call to participate in the civil disobedience campaign was an extraordinary success. Only about 13,000 of the approximately 100,000 Chinese residents in the country registered during the initial registration period. That left the federal government with the challenge of arresting and deporting over 85% of the nation’s Chinese population — something they weren’t prepared or resourced to do. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Getting 100,000 people to do a thing is hard in itself, but I think the biggest success is making plain the weakness of the federal government,” Jin said. “Through the process of not registering and seeing how much power that had, they were able to find the weaknesses of the system and continue to exploit it throughout the exclusion era.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Getting 100,000 people to do a thing is hard in itself, but I think the biggest success is making plain the weakness of the federal government,” Jin said. “Through the process of not registering and seeing how much power that had, they were able to find the weaknesses of the system and continue to exploit it throughout the exclusion era.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>On a dining room table in her Los Altos home, Yu fanned out the \u003cem>chak chee’s\u003c/em> that she’s been collecting, along with her grandfather’s. Since launching The Geary Act Project, Yu and documentary filmmaker Barre Fong have received and digitized \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/thecollection\">almost 300 certificates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>On a dining room table in her Los Altos home, Yu fanned out the \u003cem>chak chee’s\u003c/em> that she’s been collecting, along with her grandfather’s. Since launching The Geary Act Project, Yu and documentary filmmaker Barre Fong have received and digitized \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/thecollection\">almost 300 certificates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Tens of thousands of people were part of the civil disobedience, including my grandfather. They complied, and they felt unity; there was a community because everybody’s behind it,” Yu said, as she carefully picked up the documents. Most of them are men, marked as “laborers,” but there are also ones for women and children.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Tens of thousands of people were part of the civil disobedience, including my grandfather. They complied, and they felt unity; there was a community because everybody’s behind it,” Yu said, as she carefully picked up the documents. Most of them are men, marked as “laborers,” but there are also ones for women and children.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Almost all of the certificates collected by the project were issued a couple of years after the Geary Act became law. Chinese immigrants only registered after the Supreme Court upheld the law in its ruling on \u003ca href=\"https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/usrep/usrep149/usrep149698/usrep149698.pdf\">\u003cem>Fong Yue Ting v. United States\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a case carefully orchestrated by the Six Companies. They had raised enough money to hire prominent attorneys and chose three unregistered laundrymen in New York to surrender themselves for arrest. The men were ordered to be deported in accordance with the Geary Act, and a lawsuit was initiated claiming the legislation was discriminatory and violated constitutional protections, including the 14th Amendment. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Almost all of the certificates collected by the project were issued a couple of years after the Geary Act became law. Chinese immigrants only registered after the Supreme Court upheld the law in its ruling on \u003ca href=\"https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/usrep/usrep149/usrep149698/usrep149698.pdf\">\u003cem>Fong Yue Ting v. United States\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a case carefully orchestrated by the Six Companies. They had raised enough money to hire prominent attorneys and chose three unregistered laundrymen in New York to surrender themselves for arrest. The men were ordered to be deported in accordance with the Geary Act, and a lawsuit was initiated claiming the legislation was discriminatory and violated constitutional protections, including the 14th Amendment. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095826\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu speaks to KQED in her home in Los Altos, California, on Thursday, July 30, 2026. A longtime historian, Yu is the co-founder of the Geary Act Project, which is collecting and digitizing certificates of residence that may still be in the possession of Chinese American families. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095826\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu speaks to KQED in her home in Los Altos, California, on Thursday, July 30, 2026. A longtime historian, Yu is the co-founder of the Geary Act Project, which is collecting and digitizing certificates of residence that may still be in the possession of Chinese American families. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In May 1893, the court announced a 5-3 decision: the Geary Act was constitutional. The ruling extended the federal government’s power to exclude Chinese immigrants and gave it the ability to deport those already living in the U.S. The decision helped cement \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C18-8-7-1/ALDE_00001261/\">the plenary power doctrine\u003c/a>, which gives the federal government almost unlimited discretion on all aspects of immigration policy and remains a key tenet of U.S. immigration law today. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In May 1893, the court announced a 5-3 decision: the Geary Act was constitutional. The ruling extended the federal government’s power to exclude Chinese immigrants and gave it the ability to deport those already living in the U.S. The decision helped cement \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C18-8-7-1/ALDE_00001261/\">the plenary power doctrine\u003c/a>, which gives the federal government almost unlimited discretion on all aspects of immigration policy and remains a key tenet of U.S. immigration law today. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Things that seem normal today were actually created at a certain moment in time and for a very specific purpose: to keep Chinese immigrants, or as many as possible, out of the country,” Lytle Hernández said. “ What does it mean that the logic and the language and the rhetoric and the spirit of Chinese exclusion remains written into our precedent and our legal landscape of the immigration regime?”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Things that seem normal today were actually created at a certain moment in time and for a very specific purpose: to keep Chinese immigrants, or as many as possible, out of the country,” Lytle Hernández said. “ What does it mean that the logic and the language and the rhetoric and the spirit of Chinese exclusion remains written into our precedent and our legal landscape of the immigration regime?”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>Strangers in the Land\u003c/em>, author Michael Luo wrote about the news of the Geary Act ruling reaching the San Francisco headquarters of the Six Companies: “In the afternoon, a reporter from the \u003cem>Call\u003c/em> found Gee Chong Tone, the secretary of the Six Companies, inside his office surrounded by stacks of telegrams from concerned immigrants across the state and country … he was shocked by the decision. ‘It’s like a man feeling safe being hit between the eyes in the dark,’ he said.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>Strangers in the Land\u003c/em>, author Michael Luo wrote about the news of the Geary Act ruling reaching the San Francisco headquarters of the Six Companies: “In the afternoon, a reporter from the \u003cem>Call\u003c/em> found Gee Chong Tone, the secretary of the Six Companies, inside his office surrounded by stacks of telegrams from concerned immigrants across the state and country … he was shocked by the decision. ‘It’s like a man feeling safe being hit between the eyes in the dark,’ he said.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095851\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">When faced with the prospect of deportation, early Chinese immigrants organized across the country to resist the 1892 Geary Act, forming one of the largest civil disobedience campaigns in U.S. history.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095851\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">When faced with the prospect of deportation, early Chinese immigrants organized across the country to resist the 1892 Geary Act, forming one of the largest civil disobedience campaigns in U.S. history.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-10-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095854\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> “Exclusion is kind of a nebulous idea, but then you look at the faces [on the certificates], and you’re like, ‘Oh, those are real people’ … and they were trying to have a dream of what they wanted to do, and they’re trying to survive.” — Barre Fong, documentary filmmaker.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>After the ruling, Geary added more teeth to the law, notably requiring the certificates of residence to include photographs.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“You can not make a verbal description of a Chinaman such as you can make of a white man … All Chinamen look alike, all dress alike, all have the same kind of eyes …” Geary said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Yu acknowledges the cruelty of the requirement, but as a historian, she also understands the value of having such detailed documentation of the country’s earliest Chinese residents. You know where each person lived and their physical traits, as detailed as “gold filling in upper teeth” or “large wart on nose right side.” There were also portraits of their faces, some of which show indisputable evidence of their hard labor and the stresses of surviving exclusion: the tanned skin from working outside, the wrinkles on their foreheads, the bags under their eyes. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Yu acknowledges the cruelty of the requirement, but as a historian, she also understands the value of having such detailed documentation of the country’s earliest Chinese residents. You know where each person lived and their physical traits, as detailed as “gold filling in upper teeth” or “large wart on nose right side.” There were also portraits of their faces, some of which show indisputable evidence of their hard labor and the stresses of surviving exclusion: the tanned skin from working outside, the wrinkles on their foreheads, the bags under their eyes. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The idea to collect the documents came from a conversation with Yu during a community event, Fong said, shortly after Trump won his second presidential election. There was a “general sense of fear and dread” about the threat facing immigrants, he said, and it felt like the right time to tell a counter-narrative about some of the country’s earliest immigrants. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The idea to collect the documents came from a conversation with Yu during a community event, Fong said, shortly after Trump won his second presidential election. There was a “general sense of fear and dread” about the threat facing immigrants, he said, and it felt like the right time to tell a counter-narrative about some of the country’s earliest immigrants. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-01-KQED.jpg 812w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-01-KQED-160x157.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Transcontinental railroad worker Jow Kee’s original certificate of residence. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Exclusion is kind of a nebulous idea, but then you look at the faces [on the certificates], and you’re like ‘oh those are real people’ … and they were trying to have a dream of what they wanted to do, and they’re trying to survive,” he said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The preservation of the Geary Act certificates offers a tangible record of the government’s efforts to define and categorize Chinese immigrants. Yu and Fong say it’s a slow, manual, volunteer-run effort. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In addition to tapping into collections from different historical organizations, they’re depending on submissions from families that have held onto the documents as keepsakes for generations. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Some are stored at the National Archives in San Bruno, which announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12088904/exclusive-the-bay-areas-national-archives-office-is-closing-researchers-are-worried\">its impending closure\u003c/a> earlier this year. Documents could be dispersed across the country, Fong said, which would make the search far more difficult.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Among the most striking certificates collected by the Geary Act Project came from San Francisco resident Janice Tong, including those belonging to her great-grandfather, great-grandmother and her grandfather when he was just a young boy. It was the child’s certificate that struck Yu as particularly “cold-blooded.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“This is how they describe somebody born in the United States. They describe him, this 8-year-old boy, ‘persons other than laborer.’ They do not say ‘American,’ they do not say ‘citizen.’ I want people to know this.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Among the most prized certificates they have uncovered was one belonging to Jow Kee, a transcontinental railroad worker. It is the only portrait that has been found of one of the roughly 12,000 Chinese men who helped build the railroad. It had been sitting in a box under a bed in a descendant’s home for years. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Among the most prized certificates they have uncovered was one belonging to Jow Kee, a transcontinental railroad worker. It is the only portrait that has been found of one of the roughly 12,000 Chinese men who helped build the railroad. It had been sitting in a box under a bed in a descendant’s home for years. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Fong said the collection of certificates could open up some critical conversations in the Chinese American community: “The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021919/bay-area-japanese-americans-draw-on-wwii-trauma-resist-deportation-threats\">Japanese American community’s incarcerated survivors\u003c/a> [from World War II] are really great at talking about intergenerational trauma. The Chinese American community is not great at that … I think we should be better at talking about it.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Fong said the collection of certificates could open up some critical conversations in the Chinese American community: “The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021919/bay-area-japanese-americans-draw-on-wwii-trauma-resist-deportation-threats\">Japanese American community’s incarcerated survivors\u003c/a> [from World War II] are really great at talking about intergenerational trauma. The Chinese American community is not great at that … I think we should be better at talking about it.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the work of the Geary Act Project is not just a labor of love, Yu said. She believes it’s her “destiny” and that the current moment demands it. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>As she carefully slipped the certificates back into their protective plastic sleeves, Yu shared a message to her community.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The call to action is ‘stand up, Chinese Americans.’ Stand up for your people and the people in your community … because your ancestors have gone through this turmoil and struggle that so many immigrants are going through … show solidarity. Show empathy.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>She also hopes more Chinese American families will search their closets, attics and archives for more certificates — \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/upload-a-certificate\">and share them\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>She also hopes more Chinese American families will search their closets, attics and archives for more certificates — \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/upload-a-certificate\">and share them\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“And bring proof of your ancestors’ lives,” she said, with a small smile. “They struggled to be here.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Long before immigration raids and deportations became political flashpoints, Chinese immigrants defied the federal government’s expansion of immigration powers in the late 19th century.",
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"title": "Chinese Immigrants Led the First Mass Resistance to America's Deportation System | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Connie Young Yu thought she knew a lot about her beloved \u003cem>gung gung\u003c/em>. As a young girl, she would listen as her grandfather, Yung Wah Gok, recounted what it was like living through America’s Chinese Exclusion era of the late 19th century. She had heard many stories, like how, as a young boy in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> Chinatown, he’d have to sprint home while white residents hurled rocks at him.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 1972, when Yu was an adult active in Asian American organizing and scholarship, that her mother shared a surprising piece of his history with her. From the family’s large carved camphor chest in her bedroom, her mother pulled out a neatly folded parchment: It was \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/copy-of-upload-a-certificate?pgid=m68xajc7-a512c26d-b87a-443c-883e-98cc622e3d31\">her grandfather’s \u003cem>chak chee\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a certificate of residence that all Chinese people in the U.S. were required to carry, as mandated by the 1892 Geary Act, the successor to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/chinese-exclusion-act\">1882 Chinese Exclusion Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Stamped across the top of the document was the word “LABORER.” Below it were his occupation — “cook,” his height — just over 5 feet, 3 inches and identifying marks — “scar on left forearm.” And in the lower left corner was a striking portrait photo of her grandfather at the age of 25.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096096\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-ConnieYu-JY-11_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu’s collection of certificates of residence includes her own grandfather’s document. Yung Wah Gok and other Chinese residents initially resisted the Geary Act requirement to carry the certificates with them at all times under the threat of deportation. (Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>“I just thought, ‘Gee … that doesn’t look like my \u003cem>gung gung\u003c/em>,’” said Yu, now 85, who had known her grandfather as a dignified man who wore suits. “But actually, I really liked that picture in many ways because he looks very determined. Like a young rebel.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The certificate was issued in May 1894, two years after the passage of the Geary Act, revealing that her grandfather had been one of the tens of thousands of Chinese residents across the country who had resisted the federal government’s demands to register — forming one of the largest campaigns of civil disobedience in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 1892-93, Chinese immigrants refused to comply with the requirement to register with their local internal revenue offices. If they were caught without a certificate, they faced arrest, detention and deportation as stipulated by the Geary Act, which historians and legal theorists say helped shape today’s U.S. immigration system. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While Chinese immigrants are remembered for constitutional victories, including rulings that established \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12088125/as-america-turns-250-san-franciscos-role-in-defining-citizenship-endures\">birthright citizenship\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050233/how-a-chinese-laundryman-shaped-us-civil-rights-from-san-francisco\">strengthened equal protection\u003c/a>, they have another legacy: they led a nationwide campaign against the federal government’s expansion of immigration powers. And though they ultimately failed to overturn the Geary Act in court, their resistance challenged the adoption of now-routine practices — calling them “cruel and unjust,” and incompatible with the nation’s constitutional ideals. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095828\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu stands for a portrait in her home in Los Altos, California, on Thursday, July 30, 2026. Yu’s paternal grandfather, Yung Wah Gok, arrived in the U.S.as an 11-year-old laborer in 1881, a year before the Chinese Exclusion Act. (Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Those sentiments are echoed today by immigrant communities across the country, as the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078084/agents-of-chaos-border-patrols-year-of-unchecked-force\">continues\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092697/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-warn-noncitizens-to-avoid-air-travel-after-ice-arrests\">double down\u003c/a> on its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085159/immigration-courts-are-using-a-new-tactic-to-speed-up-deportations\">deportation efforts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Yu, a longtime local historian and author, argues the resistance of early Chinese immigrants like her grandfather should be more well known. She co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/\">The Geary Act Project\u003c/a> two years ago and is now on a mission to collect more certificates — to lay a paper trail of evidence linking the racism experienced by her ancestors to the current administration’s immigration crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Our society is under threat, we’re under attack,” she said. “We’re trying to show that the Chinese Exclusion Act was actually a foundation for ICE and the harassment of people of color and immigration detention and deportation.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When Chinese exclusion wasn’t enough\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Yu said it’s by luck that she was born in the United States. Her grandfather arrived in 1881, at age 11 — just one year before the Chinese Exclusion Act banned Chinese laborers from entering the U.S. for a decade.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“My parents always said, ‘If he had waited until he was 12, you wouldn’t be here,’” Yu said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>When Chinese people began arriving in the U.S. in the late 1840s, there was no federal immigration system. States, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10429550/boomtown-history-2b\">California\u003c/a>, passed laws targeting Chinese immigrants as anti-Chinese sentiment grew, fueled by the narrative that they threatened the nation’s economic well-being.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1459\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095866\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED-160x117.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/GETTYIMAGES-1311093098-KQED-1536x1121.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A Chinese butcher and grocery store, with meat hanging from hooks with vegetables and other fresh produce displayed in crates at the front of the store in the Chinatown neighborhood of San Francisco, California, circa 1885. (Bettmann Archive/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>But Reconstruction — the post-Civil War era when constitutional protections were expanded for newly freed Black Americans — changed the landscape. The 14th Amendment ensured due process and equal protection to everyone, giving Chinese immigrants new grounds to challenge discriminatory state laws.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Several Supreme Court justices, along with others who wished to continue excluding Chinese immigrants, pushed for the federal government to take up immigration control, according to Kelly Lytle Hernández, an author and professor of history at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I understand our federal immigration system as being the creation of an effort to skirt the 14th Amendment, to skirt the growth of a multiracial democracy,” she said. ”Reconstruction and Chinese Exclusion are all part of the same story.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In 1875, the Supreme Court ruled in \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/92/275/\">\u003cem>Chy Lung v. Freeman\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that immigration was a federal responsibility, while \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/safr/blogs/chinese-women-immigration-and-the-first-u-s-exclusion-law-the-page-act-of-1875.htm\">the Page Act\u003c/a> established one of the first major federal restrictions on immigration, targeting Chinese and other Asian women. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"754\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096097\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260820-ChinatownActivism-01-160x118.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Second Market Street Chinatown burned down in an arson fire in 1887. There were no recorded casualties, but the entire Chinese community in San José was displaced. (Courtesy of History San José)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Seven years later came the Chinese Exclusion Act. Despite the passage of the landmark law, thousands of Chinese laborers and immigrants still arrived. They filed legal challenges to their exclusion, inundating federal courts in San Francisco and frustrating white politicians and residents who wanted to see Chinese immigration come to an end.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As the Chinese Exclusion Act was set to expire in 1892, the federal government realized it needed a way to plug the loopholes of the act, especially as anti-Chinese violence intensified.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp> “As soon as [white residents] saw that their goals weren’t being met by this experiment in diplomatic control, this is why we see the most violent anti-Chinese incidents happening between ’85 and ’88, not before 1882,” said Alexander Jin, a historian at Dartmouth University.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Vigilante mobs seized Chinese businesses and homes, and rural Chinatowns along the West Coast were set on fire, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891987/chinese-immigrants-were-forced-out-of-eureka-in-1885-heres-how-locals-are-making-that-history-known\">Eureka\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886267/california-cities-apologize-for-historical-wrongs-against-chinese-community\">Antioch\u003c/a>, Napa and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11877801/san-jose-had-5-chinatowns-why-did-they-vanish\">San José\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Yu’s grandfather was a pioneer of San José’s Chinatown, and she said he shared details of how his community was destroyed in 1887: “The newspaper always said ‘mysterious fire’ … but my grandfather always said the fire was set to drive us out … [they should’ve] asked the Chinese themselves how they felt,” Yu said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">‘The Dog Tag Law’\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Months before the Chinese Exclusion Act was set to lapse, Santa Rosa lawyer and U.S. House Representative \u003ca href=\"https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/13702\">Thomas J. Geary\u003c/a> introduced legislation that addressed a question the original act had a hard time answering: how could the government not only restrict newcomers but remove Chinese people who were already living in the country?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Geary Act became law, extending the Chinese Exclusion Act by a decade and imposing remarkable provisions on Chinese laborers living in the U.S. They had to register with the federal government and obtain a certificate of residence that they had to carry with them at all times or risk up to one year of hard labor in prison and deportation unless they could prove their immigration status with the testimony of two white witnesses. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-9 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"772\" data-id=\"12095847\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095847\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-02-KQED.jpg 803w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-02-KQED-160x154.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 803px) 100vw, 803px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">When faced with the prospect of deportation, early Chinese immigrants organized across the country to resist the 1892 Geary Act, forming one of the largest civil disobedience campaigns in U.S. history. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"859\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095849\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095849\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-04-KQED.jpg 859w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-04-KQED-160x148.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 859px) 100vw, 859px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Most of the certificates are marked as “laborer” while others, notably children, were categorized as “persons other than laborer.” (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-10 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"853\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095850\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095850\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-05-KQED.jpg 853w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-05-KQED-160x149.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Geary Act Project, launched by Connie Young Yu and Barre Fong, has collected about 300 certificates since launching about two years ago. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"803\" height=\"772\" data-id=\"12095848\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-03-KQED.jpg 803w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-03-KQED-160x154.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 803px) 100vw, 803px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">“This is how they describe somebody born in the United States. They describe him, this 8-year-old boy, ‘persons other than laborer.’ They do not say ‘American,’ they do not say ‘citizen.’ I want people to know this.” — Janice Tong, San Francisco resident. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In other words, the Geary Act provided the U.S. government a way to deport longtime Chinese residents who had entered the U.S. legally. Historians say the law became the precursor to green cards, visas and other forms of surveillance and identification that the federal government uses today.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Though the act was signed into law, it garnered strongly worded protests within Congress, including from Robert R. Hitt, a representative from Illinois. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Never before in a free country was there such a system of tagging a man like a dog to be caught by the police and examined, and if his tag or collar is not all right, taken to the pound or drowned or shot … Never before was it applied by a free people to a human being with the exception (which we can never refer to with pride) of the sad days of slavery.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">‘Un-American, barbarous and inhuman’\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For the Chinese immigrant community, the law was unthinkable and unjust, and the response was swift. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, or the Chinese Six Companies, a powerful coalition that had financed earlier \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">legal victories\u003c/a>, asked Chinese residents to each contribute a dollar towards a legal campaign against the law. Meanwhile, in New York, the Chinese Equal Rights League was formed with the sole purpose of overturning the Geary Act.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In addition to applying political pressure and organizing petition drives, the groups organized Chinese residents to challenge the Geary Act through mass noncompliance. The Six Companies distributed leaflets in Chinese communities throughout the country, declaring that “The Geary Act is an unjust law and no Chinese should obey it … They have disregarded our rights and paid no attention to their promise, and made a law to suit themselves, no matter how unjust to us … Let us stand together.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12096098\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association in San Francisco’s Chinatown neighborhood on July 31, 2025. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Russell Jeung, a professor of Asian American studies at San Francisco State University, remarked that spreading these messages across the country was an amazing feat, and demonstrated just how tight-knit and organized the Chinese immigrant population was: “The Chinese networks are in a better position to [raise awareness to] the Chinese community than the American government was … clearly there were networks and newspapers and communication among the community.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Chinese residents found allyship with different faith communities, particularly Christians. Some white Americans were compelled, in part, by the efforts of people like Jee Gam, a community leader and the first Chinese congregational pastor in America. Gam wrote essays in English for publications, most notably one titled \u003ca href=\"https://www.whobuiltamerica.org/item/the-geary-act-from-the-standpoint-of-a-christian-chinese\">“The Geary Act: From the Standpoint of a Christian Chinese\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp> “This Act withdraws some sacred rights such as in the Declaration of Independence are declared to be inalienable,” he wrote. “The right to a free, untrammelled pursuit of happiness, the right of habeas corpus, the right to be adjudged innocent until proven guilty … it is un-American, barbarous and inhuman.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The call to participate in the civil disobedience campaign was an extraordinary success. Only about 13,000 of the approximately 100,000 Chinese residents in the country registered during the initial registration period. That left the federal government with the challenge of arresting and deporting over 85% of the nation’s Chinese population — something they weren’t prepared or resourced to do. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Getting 100,000 people to do a thing is hard in itself, but I think the biggest success is making plain the weakness of the federal government,” Jin said. “Through the process of not registering and seeing how much power that had, they were able to find the weaknesses of the system and continue to exploit it throughout the exclusion era.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The search for the Geary Act’s paper trail\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On a dining room table in her Los Altos home, Yu fanned out the \u003cem>chak chee’s\u003c/em> that she’s been collecting, along with her grandfather’s. Since launching The Geary Act Project, Yu and documentary filmmaker Barre Fong have received and digitized \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/thecollection\">almost 300 certificates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Tens of thousands of people were part of the civil disobedience, including my grandfather. They complied, and they felt unity; there was a community because everybody’s behind it,” Yu said, as she carefully picked up the documents. Most of them are men, marked as “laborers,” but there are also ones for women and children.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Almost all of the certificates collected by the project were issued a couple of years after the Geary Act became law. Chinese immigrants only registered after the Supreme Court upheld the law in its ruling on \u003ca href=\"https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/usrep/usrep149/usrep149698/usrep149698.pdf\">\u003cem>Fong Yue Ting v. United States\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a case carefully orchestrated by the Six Companies. They had raised enough money to hire prominent attorneys and chose three unregistered laundrymen in New York to surrender themselves for arrest. The men were ordered to be deported in accordance with the Geary Act, and a lawsuit was initiated claiming the legislation was discriminatory and violated constitutional protections, including the 14th Amendment. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"aligncenter size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095826\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260730-CONNIEYU-JY-09-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historian Connie Young Yu speaks to KQED in her home in Los Altos, California, on Thursday, July 30, 2026. A longtime historian, Yu is the co-founder of the Geary Act Project, which is collecting and digitizing certificates of residence that may still be in the possession of Chinese American families. (Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>In May 1893, the court announced a 5-3 decision: the Geary Act was constitutional. The ruling extended the federal government’s power to exclude Chinese immigrants and gave it the ability to deport those already living in the U.S. The decision helped cement \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C18-8-7-1/ALDE_00001261/\">the plenary power doctrine\u003c/a>, which gives the federal government almost unlimited discretion on all aspects of immigration policy and remains a key tenet of U.S. immigration law today. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Things that seem normal today were actually created at a certain moment in time and for a very specific purpose: to keep Chinese immigrants, or as many as possible, out of the country,” Lytle Hernández said. “ What does it mean that the logic and the language and the rhetoric and the spirit of Chinese exclusion remains written into our precedent and our legal landscape of the immigration regime?”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>Strangers in the Land\u003c/em>, author Michael Luo wrote about the news of the Geary Act ruling reaching the San Francisco headquarters of the Six Companies: “In the afternoon, a reporter from the \u003cem>Call\u003c/em> found Gee Chong Tone, the secretary of the Six Companies, inside his office surrounded by stacks of telegrams from concerned immigrants across the state and country … he was shocked by the decision. ‘It’s like a man feeling safe being hit between the eyes in the dark,’ he said.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-11 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"738\" data-id=\"12095851\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095851\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-06-KQED.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-06-KQED-160x148.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">When faced with the prospect of deportation, early Chinese immigrants organized across the country to resist the 1892 Geary Act, forming one of the largest civil disobedience campaigns in U.S. history. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"871\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095852\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095852\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-07-KQED.jpg 871w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-07-KQED-160x146.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 871px) 100vw, 871px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Chinese immigrants are remembered for constitutional victories, including rulings that established birthright citizenship and strengthened equal protection. But they have another legacy: they led a nationwide campaign against the federal government’s expansion of immigration powers. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-12 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"869\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095853\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-08-KQED.jpg 869w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-08-KQED-160x147.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Most of the certificates collected by the Geary Act Project were issued in 1894, two years after the passage of the Geary Act, because Chinese residents refused to comply with the requirements of the law. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"874\" height=\"797\" data-id=\"12095854\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-10-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095854\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-10-KQED.jpg 874w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-10-KQED-160x146.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 874px) 100vw, 874px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">“Exclusion is kind of a nebulous idea, but then you look at the faces [on the certificates], and you’re like, ‘Oh, those are real people’ … and they were trying to have a dream of what they wanted to do, and they’re trying to survive.” — Barre Fong, documentary filmmaker. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>After the ruling, Geary added more teeth to the law, notably requiring the certificates of residence to include photographs.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“You can not make a verbal description of a Chinaman such as you can make of a white man … All Chinamen look alike, all dress alike, all have the same kind of eyes …” Geary said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Yu acknowledges the cruelty of the requirement, but as a historian, she also understands the value of having such detailed documentation of the country’s earliest Chinese residents. You know where each person lived and their physical traits, as detailed as “gold filling in upper teeth” or “large wart on nose right side.” There were also portraits of their faces, some of which show indisputable evidence of their hard labor and the stresses of surviving exclusion: the tanned skin from working outside, the wrinkles on their foreheads, the bags under their eyes. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The idea to collect the documents came from a conversation with Yu during a community event, Fong said, shortly after Trump won his second presidential election. There was a “general sense of fear and dread” about the threat facing immigrants, he said, and it felt like the right time to tell a counter-narrative about some of the country’s earliest immigrants. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"812\" height=\"797\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12095845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-01-KQED.jpg 812w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/260818-FIGHTING-THE-GEARY-ACT-01-KQED-160x157.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Transcontinental railroad worker Jow Kee’s original certificate of residence. (Courtesy of the Geary Act Project)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>“Exclusion is kind of a nebulous idea, but then you look at the faces [on the certificates], and you’re like ‘oh those are real people’ … and they were trying to have a dream of what they wanted to do, and they’re trying to survive,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The preservation of the Geary Act certificates offers a tangible record of the government’s efforts to define and categorize Chinese immigrants. Yu and Fong say it’s a slow, manual, volunteer-run effort. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In addition to tapping into collections from different historical organizations, they’re depending on submissions from families that have held onto the documents as keepsakes for generations. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Some are stored at the National Archives in San Bruno, which announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12088904/exclusive-the-bay-areas-national-archives-office-is-closing-researchers-are-worried\">its impending closure\u003c/a> earlier this year. Documents could be dispersed across the country, Fong said, which would make the search far more difficult.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Among the most striking certificates collected by the Geary Act Project came from San Francisco resident Janice Tong, including those belonging to her great-grandfather, great-grandmother and her grandfather when he was just a young boy. It was the child’s certificate that struck Yu as particularly “cold-blooded.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“This is how they describe somebody born in the United States. They describe him, this 8-year-old boy, ‘persons other than laborer.’ They do not say ‘American,’ they do not say ‘citizen.’ I want people to know this.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Among the most prized certificates they have uncovered was one belonging to Jow Kee, a transcontinental railroad worker. It is the only portrait that has been found of one of the roughly 12,000 Chinese men who helped build the railroad. It had been sitting in a box under a bed in a descendant’s home for years. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Fong said the collection of certificates could open up some critical conversations in the Chinese American community: “The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021919/bay-area-japanese-americans-draw-on-wwii-trauma-resist-deportation-threats\">Japanese American community’s incarcerated survivors\u003c/a> [from World War II] are really great at talking about intergenerational trauma. The Chinese American community is not great at that … I think we should be better at talking about it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the work of the Geary Act Project is not just a labor of love, Yu said. She believes it’s her “destiny” and that the current moment demands it. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As she carefully slipped the certificates back into their protective plastic sleeves, Yu shared a message to her community.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The call to action is ‘stand up, Chinese Americans.’ Stand up for your people and the people in your community … because your ancestors have gone through this turmoil and struggle that so many immigrants are going through … show solidarity. Show empathy.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She also hopes more Chinese American families will search their closets, attics and archives for more certificates — \u003ca href=\"https://www.thegearyactproject.com/upload-a-certificate\">and share them\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And bring proof of your ancestors’ lives,” she said, with a small smile. “They struggled to be here.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "As ICE Custody Deaths Rise, State Bill Would Force Release of 911 Call Data",
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"headTitle": "As ICE Custody Deaths Rise, State Bill Would Force Release of 911 Call Data | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A bill that would require local agencies to release data on 911 calls originating from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/immigrant-detention-centers\">privately operated detention facilities\u003c/a> is heading for a vote on the state assembly floor this week.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It’s part of a raft of new bills by state lawmakers aiming for more scrutiny of immigration detention in California, at a time when deaths in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement custody have spiked, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092950/a-judge-sent-a-doctor-to-evaluate-californias-largest-ice-detention-center-what-he-found\">investigations and courts have found\u003c/a> facilities failing to provide essential medical care.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>State Sen. Lena Gonzalez, D-Long Beach, said she introduced \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB423\">SB 423\u003c/a> because the number of people in ICE detention in California has grown dramatically during President Donald Trump’s second term, to \u003ca href=\"https://sd33.senate.ca.gov/sites/sd33.senate.ca.gov/files/pdf/SB%20423%20(Gonzalez)%20Private%20Detention%20Facility%20Fact%20Sheet_0.pdf\">more than 6,000 people\u003c/a>, and many are held for long periods in sometimes inhumane conditions.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1760\" height=\"1174\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/JPR-wwii.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091944\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/JPR-wwii.jpg 1760w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/JPR-wwii-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/JPR-wwii-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1760px) 100vw, 1760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Members of the Tule Lake pilgrimage, including survivors of the incarceration camp, protest the conditions in modern-day immigrant detention facilities on July 4, 2026. (Peyton Gast/JPR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While she does not have an ICE facility in her district, she said she does have many immigrant constituents, including some whose family members have been incarcerated in immigration jails. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When families’ safety, health and wellbeing are at stake, transparency is not optional—it is urgent,” she said in a statement. “No private contract or detention center wall should be used to hide dangerous conditions or silence people who have been mistreated inside these facilities.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would require local agencies to turn over recordings and written records of 911 calls from privately run detention facilities, if a member of the public requests them. It includes an exception if there’s an active investigation underway and requires the names of affected individuals to be redacted.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At least \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detainee-death-reporting\">55 people\u003c/a> have died \u003ca href=\"https://phr.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/PHR-HRW-Report-US-Deaths-ICE-detention-2026.pdf\">in ICE custody\u003c/a> since President Trump returned to office — six of them in California. The state attorney general and other watchdog organizations have documented medical neglect and inhumane treatment in the eight facilities currently operating throughout the state. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Private prison companies operate all of those facilities. Though the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12089974/private-prison-company-sells-two-of-californias-immigrant-detention-centers-to-the-federal-government\">recently purchased two\u003c/a> from CoreCivic — Otay Mesa Detention Center, in San Diego County, and California City Detention Facility, in Kern County — the corrections company continues to operate them. The bill’s language specifies that it \u003ca href=\"https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/government-code/gov-sect-7320/\">applies to any privately operated detention facility\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Immigrant Defense Advocates and the First Amendment Coalition back the bill. The coalition, a press freedom advocacy group, said the public and policymakers need this kind of transparency to better understand what’s happening inside private detention facilities, where thousands of people are being held, but authorities have restricted access by journalists and lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Paloma Esquivel, a former \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> reporter now at the First Amendment Coalition, said that, as a journalist, she pushed county sheriffs for 911 records after ICE and detention facility staff resisted her requests for information about emergencies, but she was often stonewalled.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>“We have a very strong interest and even an obligation to understand how these facilities are functioning and what is happening inside these facilities that are being paid for with billions of dollars in taxpayer money,” Esquivel said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12077400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">People gather outside 100 Montgomery St. during a rally calling for the release of journalist Sami Hamdi on Oct. 31, 2025, in San Francisco. The event is part of an ‘ICE Watch’ organized to protest his detention by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. (Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The San Diego Sheriff’s Department told KQED it does not have a position on the bill. The Kern County Sheriff’s Department said it will continue to comply with California laws, “as we always do.” Other sheriffs could not be reached for comment. Private prison companies CoreCivic and GEO Group did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>SB 423 is expected to get a vote in the full Assembly this week. If it passes, it will go back to the state senate for approval. The legislature must act on all remaining bills before it adjourns on Aug. 31. If the bill passes, it will go to Gov. Gavin Newsom’s desk, where he has until Sep. 30 to sign legislation.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It is one of several bills that would increase oversight of immigration detention in California. Here are some others:\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>SB 942 would establish a “bill of rights” for people held for civil immigration proceedings, to match the rights of people in other types of civil detention in the state. It would guarantee a right to humane care and freedom from abuse, among other protections, and would empower the state attorney general to investigate and enforce them.\u003c/li>\n\n\n\n\u003cli>SB 941 would prevent private, for-profit detention facilities from marking up commissary items by more than 35% above the vendor price, mirroring the standards for state-run correctional facilities.\u003c/li>\n\n\n\n\u003cli>SB 1399 would extend the power of the California Department of Justice to inspect immigration facilities beyond 2027, when the current inspection program is due to sunset.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit Immigrant Defense Advocates and Attorney General Rob Bonta cosponsor all three bills.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>It’s part of a raft of new bills by state lawmakers aiming for more scrutiny of immigration detention in California, at a time when deaths in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement custody have spiked, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092950/a-judge-sent-a-doctor-to-evaluate-californias-largest-ice-detention-center-what-he-found\">investigations and courts have found\u003c/a> facilities failing to provide essential medical care.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>State Sen. Lena Gonzalez, D-Long Beach, said she introduced \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB423\">SB 423\u003c/a> because the number of people in ICE detention in California has grown dramatically during President Donald Trump’s second term, to \u003ca href=\"https://sd33.senate.ca.gov/sites/sd33.senate.ca.gov/files/pdf/SB%20423%20(Gonzalez)%20Private%20Detention%20Facility%20Fact%20Sheet_0.pdf\">more than 6,000 people\u003c/a>, and many are held for long periods in sometimes inhumane conditions.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>While she does not have an ICE facility in her district, she said she does have many immigrant constituents, including some whose family members have been incarcerated in immigration jails. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“When families’ safety, health and wellbeing are at stake, transparency is not optional—it is urgent,” she said in a statement. “No private contract or detention center wall should be used to hide dangerous conditions or silence people who have been mistreated inside these facilities.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The bill would require local agencies to turn over recordings and written records of 911 calls from privately run detention facilities, if a member of the public requests them. It includes an exception if there’s an active investigation underway and requires the names of affected individuals to be redacted.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>At least \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detainee-death-reporting\">55 people\u003c/a> have died \u003ca href=\"https://phr.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/PHR-HRW-Report-US-Deaths-ICE-detention-2026.pdf\">in ICE custody\u003c/a> since President Trump returned to office — six of them in California. The state attorney general and other watchdog organizations have documented medical neglect and inhumane treatment in the eight facilities currently operating throughout the state. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Private prison companies operate all of those facilities. Though the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12089974/private-prison-company-sells-two-of-californias-immigrant-detention-centers-to-the-federal-government\">recently purchased two\u003c/a> from CoreCivic — Otay Mesa Detention Center, in San Diego County, and California City Detention Facility, in Kern County — the corrections company continues to operate them. The bill’s language specifies that it \u003ca href=\"https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/government-code/gov-sect-7320/\">applies to any privately operated detention facility\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Private prison companies operate all of those facilities. Though the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12089974/private-prison-company-sells-two-of-californias-immigrant-detention-centers-to-the-federal-government\">recently purchased two\u003c/a> from CoreCivic — Otay Mesa Detention Center, in San Diego County, and California City Detention Facility, in Kern County — the corrections company continues to operate them. The bill’s language specifies that it \u003ca href=\"https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/government-code/gov-sect-7320/\">applies to any privately operated detention facility\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The Immigrant Defense Advocates and the First Amendment Coalition back the bill. The coalition, a press freedom advocacy group, said the public and policymakers need this kind of transparency to better understand what’s happening inside private detention facilities, where thousands of people are being held, but authorities have restricted access by journalists and lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The Immigrant Defense Advocates and the First Amendment Coalition back the bill. The coalition, a press freedom advocacy group, said the public and policymakers need this kind of transparency to better understand what’s happening inside private detention facilities, where thousands of people are being held, but authorities have restricted access by journalists and lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Paloma Esquivel, a former \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> reporter now at the First Amendment Coalition, said that, as a journalist, she pushed county sheriffs for 911 records after ICE and detention facility staff resisted her requests for information about emergencies, but she was often stonewalled.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>“We have a very strong interest and even an obligation to understand how these facilities are functioning and what is happening inside these facilities that are being paid for with billions of dollars in taxpayer money,” Esquivel said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Paloma Esquivel, a former \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> reporter now at the First Amendment Coalition, said that, as a journalist, she pushed county sheriffs for 911 records after ICE and detention facility staff resisted her requests for information about emergencies, but she was often stonewalled.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>“We have a very strong interest and even an obligation to understand how these facilities are functioning and what is happening inside these facilities that are being paid for with billions of dollars in taxpayer money,” Esquivel said.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12077400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">People gather outside 100 Montgomery St. during a rally calling for the release of journalist Sami Hamdi on Oct. 31, 2025, in San Francisco. The event is part of an ‘ICE Watch’ organized to protest his detention by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12077400\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">People gather outside 100 Montgomery St. during a rally calling for the release of journalist Sami Hamdi on Oct. 31, 2025, in San Francisco. The event is part of an ‘ICE Watch’ organized to protest his detention by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The San Diego Sheriff’s Department told KQED it does not have a position on the bill. The Kern County Sheriff’s Department said it will continue to comply with California laws, “as we always do.” Other sheriffs could not be reached for comment. Private prison companies CoreCivic and GEO Group did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>SB 423 is expected to get a vote in the full Assembly this week. If it passes, it will go back to the state senate for approval. The legislature must act on all remaining bills before it adjourns on Aug. 31. If the bill passes, it will go to Gov. Gavin Newsom’s desk, where he has until Sep. 30 to sign legislation.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>It is one of several bills that would increase oversight of immigration detention in California. Here are some others:\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The bill comes as watchdog organizations and state officials point to documented cases of medical neglect and inhumane treatment within the state’s ICE facilities.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A bill that would require local agencies to release data on 911 calls originating from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/immigrant-detention-centers\">privately operated detention facilities\u003c/a> is heading for a vote on the state assembly floor this week.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It’s part of a raft of new bills by state lawmakers aiming for more scrutiny of immigration detention in California, at a time when deaths in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement custody have spiked, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092950/a-judge-sent-a-doctor-to-evaluate-californias-largest-ice-detention-center-what-he-found\">investigations and courts have found\u003c/a> facilities failing to provide essential medical care.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>State Sen. Lena Gonzalez, D-Long Beach, said she introduced \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB423\">SB 423\u003c/a> because the number of people in ICE detention in California has grown dramatically during President Donald Trump’s second term, to \u003ca href=\"https://sd33.senate.ca.gov/sites/sd33.senate.ca.gov/files/pdf/SB%20423%20(Gonzalez)%20Private%20Detention%20Facility%20Fact%20Sheet_0.pdf\">more than 6,000 people\u003c/a>, and many are held for long periods in sometimes inhumane conditions.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1760\" height=\"1174\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/JPR-wwii.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091944\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/JPR-wwii.jpg 1760w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/JPR-wwii-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/JPR-wwii-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1760px) 100vw, 1760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Members of the Tule Lake pilgrimage, including survivors of the incarceration camp, protest the conditions in modern-day immigrant detention facilities on July 4, 2026. (Peyton Gast/JPR)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While she does not have an ICE facility in her district, she said she does have many immigrant constituents, including some whose family members have been incarcerated in immigration jails. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When families’ safety, health and wellbeing are at stake, transparency is not optional—it is urgent,” she said in a statement. “No private contract or detention center wall should be used to hide dangerous conditions or silence people who have been mistreated inside these facilities.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would require local agencies to turn over recordings and written records of 911 calls from privately run detention facilities, if a member of the public requests them. It includes an exception if there’s an active investigation underway and requires the names of affected individuals to be redacted.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At least \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detainee-death-reporting\">55 people\u003c/a> have died \u003ca href=\"https://phr.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/PHR-HRW-Report-US-Deaths-ICE-detention-2026.pdf\">in ICE custody\u003c/a> since President Trump returned to office — six of them in California. The state attorney general and other watchdog organizations have documented medical neglect and inhumane treatment in the eight facilities currently operating throughout the state. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Private prison companies operate all of those facilities. Though the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12089974/private-prison-company-sells-two-of-californias-immigrant-detention-centers-to-the-federal-government\">recently purchased two\u003c/a> from CoreCivic — Otay Mesa Detention Center, in San Diego County, and California City Detention Facility, in Kern County — the corrections company continues to operate them. The bill’s language specifies that it \u003ca href=\"https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/government-code/gov-sect-7320/\">applies to any privately operated detention facility\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Immigrant Defense Advocates and the First Amendment Coalition back the bill. The coalition, a press freedom advocacy group, said the public and policymakers need this kind of transparency to better understand what’s happening inside private detention facilities, where thousands of people are being held, but authorities have restricted access by journalists and lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Paloma Esquivel, a former \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> reporter now at the First Amendment Coalition, said that, as a journalist, she pushed county sheriffs for 911 records after ICE and detention facility staff resisted her requests for information about emergencies, but she was often stonewalled.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>“We have a very strong interest and even an obligation to understand how these facilities are functioning and what is happening inside these facilities that are being paid for with billions of dollars in taxpayer money,” Esquivel said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12077400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20251031_Rally-for-Sami-Hamdi_GH-12_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">People gather outside 100 Montgomery St. during a rally calling for the release of journalist Sami Hamdi on Oct. 31, 2025, in San Francisco. The event is part of an ‘ICE Watch’ organized to protest his detention by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. (Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The San Diego Sheriff’s Department told KQED it does not have a position on the bill. The Kern County Sheriff’s Department said it will continue to comply with California laws, “as we always do.” Other sheriffs could not be reached for comment. Private prison companies CoreCivic and GEO Group did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>SB 423 is expected to get a vote in the full Assembly this week. If it passes, it will go back to the state senate for approval. The legislature must act on all remaining bills before it adjourns on Aug. 31. If the bill passes, it will go to Gov. Gavin Newsom’s desk, where he has until Sep. 30 to sign legislation.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It is one of several bills that would increase oversight of immigration detention in California. Here are some others:\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>SB 942 would establish a “bill of rights” for people held for civil immigration proceedings, to match the rights of people in other types of civil detention in the state. It would guarantee a right to humane care and freedom from abuse, among other protections, and would empower the state attorney general to investigate and enforce them.\u003c/li>\n\n\n\n\u003cli>SB 941 would prevent private, for-profit detention facilities from marking up commissary items by more than 35% above the vendor price, mirroring the standards for state-run correctional facilities.\u003c/li>\n\n\n\n\u003cli>SB 1399 would extend the power of the California Department of Justice to inspect immigration facilities beyond 2027, when the current inspection program is due to sunset.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit Immigrant Defense Advocates and Attorney General Rob Bonta cosponsor all three bills.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "republican-lawmaker-wants-doj-to-block-new-protections-for-immigration-nonprofit-workers",
"title": "Republican Lawmaker Wants DOJ to Block New Protections for Immigration Nonprofit Workers",
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"headTitle": "Republican Lawmaker Wants DOJ to Block New Protections for Immigration Nonprofit Workers | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A Republican state lawmaker is asking the federal Department of Justice to put an end to a newly signed California bill from an East Bay Assembly member that extends harassment protections to \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/news/tag/immigration\">immigration \u003c/a>nonprofit workers. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Carl DeMaio, R-San Diego, called on the DOJ’s Office of Civil Rights to block the implementation of Assembly Bill 2624 due to alleged violations of the First Amendment a day after Gov. Gavin Newsom announced he signed the bill.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>DeMaio calls it the “Stop Nick Shirley Act” after the conservative influencer who went viral following videos of him claiming to expose fraud at Somali daycare centers in Minnesota. In March, Shirley then said he \u003ca href=\"https://www.foxla.com/news/nick-shirley-california-daycare-fraud-dr-oz-hospice\">found \u003c/a>millions in fraud in California.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1320\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12076630\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Democratic Assemblymember Mia Bonta speaks during a meeting of the California State Assembly at the California State Capitol on Aug. 21, 2025, in Sacramento, California. Bonta introduced AB 2624 and says DeMaio is using the bill as “a vehicle to demonize immigrants.” (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>DeMaio and other Republicans have claimed that some language in the law would bar those like Shirley from uncovering alleged wrongdoing. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Instead of fixing rampant waste, fraud, and abuse, they’re trying to punish the people exposing it — and they are blatantly violating our First Amendment freedom of speech rights,” DeMaio said in a statement. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The provision DeMaio points to allows a program participant or organization protected by the new law to make a written demand not to publicly share or disclose their personal information or image. If that request is not followed, the individual or group violating that provision can be fined thousands of dollars. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>To face those consequences, alleged violators have to have the specific intent to incite great bodily harm or put someone in fear for their personal safety, according to the law’s language. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“That always seems to get lost in the sauce of the crazy talk of Mr. DeMaio and his kind,” Assemblymember Mia Bonta, D-Alameda, who introduced the bill, told KQED. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The law itself expands the state’s Safe at Home program that safeguards addresses of reproductive and gender-affirming healthcare workers. Protections for gender-affirming healthcare workers were made law under AB 82 and went into effect this year. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Our Duty group, which said it “provides support for parents with a child who thinks they are transgender,” \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260ab82\">argued \u003c/a>that those protections also violated the First Amendment. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But Jim Wagstaffe, a First Amendment lawyer, said that Free Speech rights give way to protections against violence. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“There’s no First Amendment right to threaten somebody or to stalk them or to otherwise use private information,” Wagstaffe said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bonta said that’s why she brought this legislation forward.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The amount of hate and harassment that our immigrant service providers are experiencing right now because they are supporting our immigrant community is really at the heart of this bill,” Bonta said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Somali daycare workers in Southern California reported earlier this year being harassed by those who set out to expose similar alleged fraud as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/12/31/nx-s1-5662600/nick-shirley-minnesota-daycare-fraud\">that in Minnesota\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.udw.org/press-releases/udw-protects-and-defends-somali-child-care-providers-amid-harassment-and-intimidation/\">according to the United Domestic Workers\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Angelica Salas, executive director of the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights, told lawmakers at an assembly committee that her organization had experienced threats of violence — some where she was named personally. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Neither the DOJ nor DeMaio responded to a request for comment for this story. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The law goes into effect on Oct. 1, 2027. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/psibulo\">\u003cem>Paula Sibulo\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>DeMaio calls it the “Stop Nick Shirley Act” after the conservative influencer who went viral following videos of him claiming to expose fraud at Somali daycare centers in Minnesota. In March, Shirley then said he \u003ca href=\"https://www.foxla.com/news/nick-shirley-california-daycare-fraud-dr-oz-hospice\">found \u003c/a>millions in fraud in California.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12076630\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Democratic Assemblymember Mia Bonta speaks during a meeting of the California State Assembly at the California State Capitol on Aug. 21, 2025, in Sacramento, California. Bonta introduced AB 2624 and says DeMaio is using the bill as “a vehicle to demonize immigrants.” \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Instead of fixing rampant waste, fraud, and abuse, they’re trying to punish the people exposing it — and they are blatantly violating our First Amendment freedom of speech rights,” DeMaio said in a statement. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The provision DeMaio points to allows a program participant or organization protected by the new law to make a written demand not to publicly share or disclose their personal information or image. If that request is not followed, the individual or group violating that provision can be fined thousands of dollars. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>To face those consequences, alleged violators have to have the specific intent to incite great bodily harm or put someone in fear for their personal safety, according to the law’s language. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“That always seems to get lost in the sauce of the crazy talk of Mr. DeMaio and his kind,” Assemblymember Mia Bonta, D-Alameda, who introduced the bill, told KQED. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The law itself expands the state’s Safe at Home program that safeguards addresses of reproductive and gender-affirming healthcare workers. Protections for gender-affirming healthcare workers were made law under AB 82 and went into effect this year. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The Our Duty group, which said it “provides support for parents with a child who thinks they are transgender,” \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260ab82\">argued \u003c/a>that those protections also violated the First Amendment. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“There’s no First Amendment right to threaten somebody or to stalk them or to otherwise use private information,” Wagstaffe said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bonta said that’s why she brought this legislation forward.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The amount of hate and harassment that our immigrant service providers are experiencing right now because they are supporting our immigrant community is really at the heart of this bill,” Bonta said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Somali daycare workers in Southern California reported earlier this year being harassed by those who set out to expose similar alleged fraud as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/12/31/nx-s1-5662600/nick-shirley-minnesota-daycare-fraud\">that in Minnesota\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.udw.org/press-releases/udw-protects-and-defends-somali-child-care-providers-amid-harassment-and-intimidation/\">according to the United Domestic Workers\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Angelica Salas, executive director of the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights, told lawmakers at an assembly committee that her organization had experienced threats of violence — some where she was named personally. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Neither the DOJ nor DeMaio responded to a request for comment for this story. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/psibulo\">\u003cem>Paula Sibulo\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Gov. Gavin Newsom just signed East Bay Assemblymember Mia Bonta’s bill, which allows workers to have their addresses kept confidential, but another lawmaker says it violates the Constitution. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Republican state lawmaker is asking the federal Department of Justice to put an end to a newly signed California bill from an East Bay Assembly member that extends harassment protections to \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/news/tag/immigration\">immigration \u003c/a>nonprofit workers. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Carl DeMaio, R-San Diego, called on the DOJ’s Office of Civil Rights to block the implementation of Assembly Bill 2624 due to alleged violations of the First Amendment a day after Gov. Gavin Newsom announced he signed the bill.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>DeMaio calls it the “Stop Nick Shirley Act” after the conservative influencer who went viral following videos of him claiming to expose fraud at Somali daycare centers in Minnesota. In March, Shirley then said he \u003ca href=\"https://www.foxla.com/news/nick-shirley-california-daycare-fraud-dr-oz-hospice\">found \u003c/a>millions in fraud in California.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1320\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12076630\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2231342596-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Democratic Assemblymember Mia Bonta speaks during a meeting of the California State Assembly at the California State Capitol on Aug. 21, 2025, in Sacramento, California. Bonta introduced AB 2624 and says DeMaio is using the bill as “a vehicle to demonize immigrants.” (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>DeMaio and other Republicans have claimed that some language in the law would bar those like Shirley from uncovering alleged wrongdoing. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Instead of fixing rampant waste, fraud, and abuse, they’re trying to punish the people exposing it — and they are blatantly violating our First Amendment freedom of speech rights,” DeMaio said in a statement. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The provision DeMaio points to allows a program participant or organization protected by the new law to make a written demand not to publicly share or disclose their personal information or image. If that request is not followed, the individual or group violating that provision can be fined thousands of dollars. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>To face those consequences, alleged violators have to have the specific intent to incite great bodily harm or put someone in fear for their personal safety, according to the law’s language. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“That always seems to get lost in the sauce of the crazy talk of Mr. DeMaio and his kind,” Assemblymember Mia Bonta, D-Alameda, who introduced the bill, told KQED. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The law itself expands the state’s Safe at Home program that safeguards addresses of reproductive and gender-affirming healthcare workers. Protections for gender-affirming healthcare workers were made law under AB 82 and went into effect this year. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Our Duty group, which said it “provides support for parents with a child who thinks they are transgender,” \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260ab82\">argued \u003c/a>that those protections also violated the First Amendment. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But Jim Wagstaffe, a First Amendment lawyer, said that Free Speech rights give way to protections against violence. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“There’s no First Amendment right to threaten somebody or to stalk them or to otherwise use private information,” Wagstaffe said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bonta said that’s why she brought this legislation forward.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The amount of hate and harassment that our immigrant service providers are experiencing right now because they are supporting our immigrant community is really at the heart of this bill,” Bonta said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Somali daycare workers in Southern California reported earlier this year being harassed by those who set out to expose similar alleged fraud as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/12/31/nx-s1-5662600/nick-shirley-minnesota-daycare-fraud\">that in Minnesota\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.udw.org/press-releases/udw-protects-and-defends-somali-child-care-providers-amid-harassment-and-intimidation/\">according to the United Domestic Workers\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Angelica Salas, executive director of the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights, told lawmakers at an assembly committee that her organization had experienced threats of violence — some where she was named personally. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Neither the DOJ nor DeMaio responded to a request for comment for this story. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The law goes into effect on Oct. 1, 2027. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/psibulo\">\u003cem>Paula Sibulo\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "detained-at-green-card-interview-how-a-bay-area-family-is-healing-from-sudden-separation",
"title": "Detained at Green Card Interview: How a Bay Area Family Is Healing From Sudden Separation",
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"headTitle": "Detained at Green Card Interview: How a Bay Area Family Is Healing From Sudden Separation | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>For the first year of his life, a baby boy went with his mom on 7-hour-long drives from their home in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a> to the Mojave Desert to see his dad, Peter, at an immigration detention center.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A glass partition separated the baby and the dad, who used to hold him til he fell asleep. They made the best of the situation by playing peek-a-boo and giving each other high-fives, with hands touching the glass. But during one particular visit, the baby grew agitated and began banging on it. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter told the baby’s mom, Alexandra, they probably should cut the visit short “because it’s making the baby more upset to be here than to not be here.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We ended up leaving a little bit early,” Alexandra said. “And in the car ride home, the baby looked really, really angry. And not just frustrated because kids look frustrated, he looked angry.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter was the main caregiver to his son when he was taken into custody in November 2025, and the sudden separation took a toll not only on him and his wife, but also on their developing baby. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-18-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093139\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-18-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-18-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-18-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peter sits in Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Since Trump’s deportation campaign began last year, more than 100,000 children who are American citizens have had a parent detained, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/how-many-children-are-affected-by-parental-immigrant-detention/\">analysis by the Brookings Institution\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trauma of family separation could lead to profound consequences on kids’ brains and bodies, even for those too young to understand.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It has implications biologically, it has implications developmentally, it has implications for learning,” said Rahil Briggs, a clinical professor of pediatrics, psychiatry and behavioral science at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York and national director of HealthySteps, a program with the early childhood advocacy group Zero To Three. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For Peter, not being able to touch or hold his son was one of the most difficult parts of a five-month nightmare in detention. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter is his adopted American name. We’re not using his full name because he fears telling his story may harm his immigration case.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He came to California from Kenya on a student visa almost 25 years ago. In the early 2000s, his country was in political and economic turmoil, and there were few opportunities to pursue higher education.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Chances are you are not going to get anywhere there,” he said. “So let’s just take a chance and try to go somewhere else.”\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He went to a community college in Orange County. Then in 2018, he moved to the Bay Area to get a bachelor’s degree at San Francisco State University. As he pursued his education, he supported himself by working in cafes and bars and as a soccer and rugby referee. Then in 2024 he met his wife, Alexandra, an elementary school teacher.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>They had their first date at the Ferry Building, on the San Francisco waterfront. Not long after that, Alexandra needed to undergo surgery. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“He came and stayed with me for I think a week or two and took care of me,” she said. “He’s just a really good person, a really thoughtful person. So we hit it off pretty quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>They got married a year later and had their son in the spring of 2025.\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter became a full-time dad when Alexandra went back to work. She’s legally blind and cannot drive, and he said it made sense for him to stay home to take care of their baby. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When you have a kid, in their first few years they have to go to a lot of checkups,” he said. “So it’s easier that way, and also she really, really loves teaching. I kind of felt guilty telling her, ‘Oh no, you stay.’ I was like, ‘No, I’ll stay with him.’”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>After tying the knot, Alexandra petitioned to sponsor Peter’s green card because his student visa had expired.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In November 2025, the family went to a federal building in San Francisco for the green card interview. The appointment came several months after Pres. Donald Trump’s administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJNXsOqFSZs\">directed ICE to make 3,000 arrests per day\u003c/a> to meet his pledge of mass deportations. Peter was worried about getting swept up in the crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093138\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peter and Alexandra spend time with their 1-year-old son at the playground in Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>About a week before the appointment, he said his baby might have felt his anxiety too. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I picked him up in the morning, and he held my hand, and he wouldn’t let go,” he said. “He looked at me, and he held me for a long time.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Green card interviews are usually the final step in the process for foreign spouses of American citizens to obtain permanent residency. Couples submit evidence that they have a legitimate marriage, and a U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services officer verifies it at the in-person meeting. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Alexandra said the officer approved her petition to sponsor Peter and was going to issue him a green card. But in the middle of the interview, the baby needed a diaper change. Alexandra said the officer urged her to take her son to the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She said she hesitated and said she’d rather wait to finish the interview and go with Peter to change the diaper.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She said the officer told her: “We’re almost done here. We’ll be waiting for you when the baby comes out.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But as soon as Alexandra left for the bathroom, ICE agents swooped in with a warrant, alleging that he overstayed his student visa, handcuffed him and took him into custody.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>When Alexandra came back and learned that Peter was detained, she tried to stay calm as she held her baby.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I asked the ICE agent, ‘Well, how am I going to get home? How am I going to take care of my baby? You know, I don’t see well; how am I going to do that?” she said. “And they’re like, ’That’s not our problem.’”\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter was taken to a local holding cell for a night. The next day, he was driven seven hours away to a detention facility in California City, in the middle of the desert. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Once he got to the detention center, Peter said he was placed in a two-person cell within a unit of 80 people. The facility used to be a state prison, but federal immigration officials arranged to reopen it last August to hold up to 2,500 detainees and have it run by the private for-profit company CoreCivic. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter said it felt like prison. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“They’re putting you in a unit, they’re locking the doors, they’re counting people all the time,” he said. “You cannot be out. You cannot do certain things by certain times.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, Alexandra and Peter’s friends, family and community sprang into action. A relative helped find legal aid and a friend helped Alexandra with childcare while she continued teaching. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Abby Sullivan Engen, an immigration attorney at Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland, said Peter’s arrest and detention were unlawful because he was following the proper procedures to adjust his status to permanent resident. She accused ICE and the USCIS of “colluding” to lure the couple to the interview and arrest Peter.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093137\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peter and Alexandra hold the hand of their 1-year-old son at Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“They’re engaging in different tactics to satisfy that totally arbitrary metric [of 3,000 arrests per day],” she said. “Arresting people at interviews was kind of an easy way for them to fulfill this number and just get people in ICE custody.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Andrew Nietor, an immigration attorney in San Diego, said between November and January, dozens of similar arrests occurred in his region during green card interviews.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He said while it’s not uncommon for foreign-born spouses of American citizens to have their visas lapse while their “adjustment of status” continues, they don’t usually get detained in the process. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Traditionally ICE detention was based on risk of flight, or danger to the community,” Nietor said. “So when you’re detaining people who are showing up for appointments and have already passed background checks, it doesn’t make sense.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As Peter’s lawyer worked to get him out of detention, he and Alexandra made daily video calls to maintain a sense of normalcy for their infant. After a while, Alexandra said the baby learned to recognize the automated announcement from the detention center when the phone rings.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of depressing and also heartwarming at the same time, but we would hear, ‘This is a call from Peter, a detainee at California,’ and anytime [he] heard that, he would just start smiling and laughing,” she said. “So he knew whenever that recording came on that his dad was going to be on the phone.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1440\" height=\"978\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/5446958381_9e90f58cab_o-e1416954725536.jpg\" alt=\"An SFPD squad car.\" class=\"wp-image-10356156\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">San Francisco police car parked outside the Hall of Justice. (Todd Lappin/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Volunteers drove Alexandra and the baby to the detention center, but he often got fussy seeing his dad behind a glass partition. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“He was trying to touch my face through the glass, and that was frustrating,” Peter said. “We asked the detention [center] why they don’t allow a family to have personal visits. And they say we’re not ready and we don’t do it.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Steven Owen, a spokesman for CoreCivic, said visitation policies are determined by ICE, “who have operational and security considerations that inform those decisions.” A Department of Homeland Security spokesperson said the California City detention center has a family visitation room, but no physical contact is allowed. They declined to explain the reason behind the policy.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://developingchild.harvard.edu/key-concept/toxic-stress/\">Research shows\u003c/a> that when young kids experience adversity and they don’t have anyone to help them cope, their body’s stress response system goes into overdrive. This type of stress is called toxic stress, and Briggs said it can rewire the brain and disrupt the healthy development of their bodies, increasing the risk for heart disease, diabetes, and depression later on. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The early childhood brain, because it’s so plastic and it’s in this developing stage deciding which neural pathways to lay down, it’s especially sensitive to stress — more sensitive than your brain or my brain, and therefore more able to react positively to safety, to nurturing, to connection, but also likely to be worse off when the stress gets really toxic,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While Peter was in detention, the baby had difficulty falling asleep and became clingy, Alexandra said. If anyone sat in his dad’s favorite chair, he would throw a fit. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093136\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Alexandra and Peter hold their 1-year-old son at Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“He would not have anybody sitting in his dad’s chair. So clearly, he knew that dad was gone,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She said she has a hard time forgetting the look on her baby’s face the day they cut their visit to Peter short.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I was just heartbroken because you want to give your kids everything, but I couldn’t give him the ability to touch or be held by his own dad.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter lingered in detention for months waiting for a hearing. But the federal courts were flooded with lawsuits challenging detentions, and his case bounced from one court to another around the state, from Santa Ana to Sacramento. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Finally, in early April, five months after he was detained, a federal judge ruled his arrest was unlawful and ordered ICE to release him. A couple of days later, he got his green card. He was granted permanent resident status on a conditional basis — something given to couples married for less than two years. In a couple of years, he’ll be eligible to apply for naturalized citizenship. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It happened after not only him and his family suffered for that amount of time, but [at] the government expense, the amount of resources that go to arresting somebody, placing them in immigration proceedings, having a judge and other staff in the immigration court review their case, having whatever it costs to detain somebody per day,” Engen, the attorney, said. “And for what? For no other reason than to be cruel.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>After Peter was released and taken to a processing center in Bakersfield, a friend picked him up. On the road back to the Bay Area, they stopped to savor something he had been missing while in detention: a good cup of coffee and a hamburger.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I was just excited to be out. And just to walk on your own,” he said. “Just not have somebody screaming at the top of their lungs at anything and everything\u003cem>. \u003c/em>One of the problems we had with the detention officers there were some who were just yelling at people for nothing.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>When he got home, there was no dramatic reunion, no welcoming party. It was his baby’s bedtime, and he needed to jump back into his schedule.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“That also helped me a lot because you don’t have time to sit and wallow in your pity,” he said. “You just get back into the swing of things.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While in detention, Peter missed his son’s first Christmas, and the couple missed their wedding anniversary. They also missed a marathon they had trained for, so in May, after Peter was released, they ran the Bay to Breakers race, pushing their baby in a stroller across San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He also got to celebrate his son’s first birthday and see him take his first steps.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter said he’s thankful to the community who showed up for him, Alexandra and their baby, and helped him get through his ordeal. The family’s GoFundMe fundraiser doubled its goal, with more than 650 contributors. And he also made friends while in detention. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I’m mad that it happened to me, but at the same time I made friends, and I saw the goodness of people, and you see how people with nothing or with very limited resources can be kind to each other,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Alexandra said she’s staying in touch with parents she met while visiting Peter, and still sends hand-me-down baby clothes to some of them.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Some of the detainees that are in there with my husband never even met their children,” she said. “We had a lot of luck in the process, despite how hard it was.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During his detention, Peter and Alexandra also wrote letters to each other. He always enclosed a drawing of birds that his baby liked to admire whenever they strolled around Oakland’s Lake Merritt together. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Alexandra said she hopes when their son grows up, he’ll read the letters and know that his parents did the best they could to help him get through a traumatic experience. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“And hopefully, who’s to say where this country will be in five, 10, 15, 20 years, but hopefully, he’ll just say: ‘Wow, I can’t believe they did that. I’m so glad they don’t do that anymore,” she said. “Or he’ll be fighting it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story has been updated to include Prof. Rahil Briggs’ affiliation with the organization Zero To Three and its HealthySteps program.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Peter is his adopted American name. We’re not using his full name because he fears telling his story may harm his immigration case.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Chances are you are not going to get anywhere there,” he said. “So let’s just take a chance and try to go somewhere else.”\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“When you have a kid, in their first few years they have to go to a lot of checkups,” he said. “So it’s easier that way, and also she really, really loves teaching. I kind of felt guilty telling her, ‘Oh no, you stay.’ I was like, ‘No, I’ll stay with him.’”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In November 2025, the family went to a federal building in San Francisco for the green card interview. The appointment came several months after Pres. Donald Trump’s administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJNXsOqFSZs\">directed ICE to make 3,000 arrests per day\u003c/a> to meet his pledge of mass deportations. Peter was worried about getting swept up in the crackdown.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093138\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peter and Alexandra spend time with their 1-year-old son at the playground in Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I picked him up in the morning, and he held my hand, and he wouldn’t let go,” he said. “He looked at me, and he held me for a long time.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Green card interviews are usually the final step in the process for foreign spouses of American citizens to obtain permanent residency. Couples submit evidence that they have a legitimate marriage, and a U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services officer verifies it at the in-person meeting. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Alexandra said the officer approved her petition to sponsor Peter and was going to issue him a green card. But in the middle of the interview, the baby needed a diaper change. Alexandra said the officer urged her to take her son to the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>But as soon as Alexandra left for the bathroom, ICE agents swooped in with a warrant, alleging that he overstayed his student visa, handcuffed him and took him into custody.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>When Alexandra came back and learned that Peter was detained, she tried to stay calm as she held her baby.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I asked the ICE agent, ‘Well, how am I going to get home? How am I going to take care of my baby? You know, I don’t see well; how am I going to do that?” she said. “And they’re like, ’That’s not our problem.’”\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“I asked the ICE agent, ‘Well, how am I going to get home? How am I going to take care of my baby? You know, I don’t see well; how am I going to do that?” she said. “And they’re like, ’That’s not our problem.’”\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Peter was taken to a local holding cell for a night. The next day, he was driven seven hours away to a detention facility in California City, in the middle of the desert. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Once he got to the detention center, Peter said he was placed in a two-person cell within a unit of 80 people. The facility used to be a state prison, but federal immigration officials arranged to reopen it last August to hold up to 2,500 detainees and have it run by the private for-profit company CoreCivic. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Once he got to the detention center, Peter said he was placed in a two-person cell within a unit of 80 people. The facility used to be a state prison, but federal immigration officials arranged to reopen it last August to hold up to 2,500 detainees and have it run by the private for-profit company CoreCivic. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“They’re putting you in a unit, they’re locking the doors, they’re counting people all the time,” he said. “You cannot be out. You cannot do certain things by certain times.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, Alexandra and Peter’s friends, family and community sprang into action. A relative helped find legal aid and a friend helped Alexandra with childcare while she continued teaching. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, Alexandra and Peter’s friends, family and community sprang into action. A relative helped find legal aid and a friend helped Alexandra with childcare while she continued teaching. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Abby Sullivan Engen, an immigration attorney at Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland, said Peter’s arrest and detention were unlawful because he was following the proper procedures to adjust his status to permanent resident. She accused ICE and the USCIS of “colluding” to lure the couple to the interview and arrest Peter.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Abby Sullivan Engen, an immigration attorney at Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland, said Peter’s arrest and detention were unlawful because he was following the proper procedures to adjust his status to permanent resident. She accused ICE and the USCIS of “colluding” to lure the couple to the interview and arrest Peter.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093137\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peter and Alexandra hold the hand of their 1-year-old son at Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“They’re engaging in different tactics to satisfy that totally arbitrary metric [of 3,000 arrests per day],” she said. “Arresting people at interviews was kind of an easy way for them to fulfill this number and just get people in ICE custody.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Andrew Nietor, an immigration attorney in San Diego, said between November and January, dozens of similar arrests occurred in his region during green card interviews.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>He said while it’s not uncommon for foreign-born spouses of American citizens to have their visas lapse while their “adjustment of status” continues, they don’t usually get detained in the process. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>He said while it’s not uncommon for foreign-born spouses of American citizens to have their visas lapse while their “adjustment of status” continues, they don’t usually get detained in the process. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Traditionally ICE detention was based on risk of flight, or danger to the community,” Nietor said. “So when you’re detaining people who are showing up for appointments and have already passed background checks, it doesn’t make sense.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>As Peter’s lawyer worked to get him out of detention, he and Alexandra made daily video calls to maintain a sense of normalcy for their infant. After a while, Alexandra said the baby learned to recognize the automated announcement from the detention center when the phone rings.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>As Peter’s lawyer worked to get him out of detention, he and Alexandra made daily video calls to maintain a sense of normalcy for their infant. After a while, Alexandra said the baby learned to recognize the automated announcement from the detention center when the phone rings.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of depressing and also heartwarming at the same time, but we would hear, ‘This is a call from Peter, a detainee at California,’ and anytime [he] heard that, he would just start smiling and laughing,” she said. “So he knew whenever that recording came on that his dad was going to be on the phone.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/5446958381_9e90f58cab_o-e1416954725536.jpg\" alt=\"An SFPD squad car.\" class=\"wp-image-10356156\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">San Francisco police car parked outside the Hall of Justice. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Volunteers drove Alexandra and the baby to the detention center, but he often got fussy seeing his dad behind a glass partition. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“He was trying to touch my face through the glass, and that was frustrating,” Peter said. “We asked the detention [center] why they don’t allow a family to have personal visits. And they say we’re not ready and we don’t do it.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“He was trying to touch my face through the glass, and that was frustrating,” Peter said. “We asked the detention [center] why they don’t allow a family to have personal visits. And they say we’re not ready and we don’t do it.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Steven Owen, a spokesman for CoreCivic, said visitation policies are determined by ICE, “who have operational and security considerations that inform those decisions.” A Department of Homeland Security spokesperson said the California City detention center has a family visitation room, but no physical contact is allowed. They declined to explain the reason behind the policy.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Steven Owen, a spokesman for CoreCivic, said visitation policies are determined by ICE, “who have operational and security considerations that inform those decisions.” A Department of Homeland Security spokesperson said the California City detention center has a family visitation room, but no physical contact is allowed. They declined to explain the reason behind the policy.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://developingchild.harvard.edu/key-concept/toxic-stress/\">Research shows\u003c/a> that when young kids experience adversity and they don’t have anyone to help them cope, their body’s stress response system goes into overdrive. This type of stress is called toxic stress, and Briggs said it can rewire the brain and disrupt the healthy development of their bodies, increasing the risk for heart disease, diabetes, and depression later on. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“He would not have anybody sitting in his dad’s chair. So clearly, he knew that dad was gone,” she said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Peter lingered in detention for months waiting for a hearing. But the federal courts were flooded with lawsuits challenging detentions, and his case bounced from one court to another around the state, from Santa Ana to Sacramento. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Finally, in early April, five months after he was detained, a federal judge ruled his arrest was unlawful and ordered ICE to release him. A couple of days later, he got his green card. He was granted permanent resident status on a conditional basis — something given to couples married for less than two years. In a couple of years, he’ll be eligible to apply for naturalized citizenship. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>After Peter was released and taken to a processing center in Bakersfield, a friend picked him up. On the road back to the Bay Area, they stopped to savor something he had been missing while in detention: a good cup of coffee and a hamburger.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I was just excited to be out. And just to walk on your own,” he said. “Just not have somebody screaming at the top of their lungs at anything and everything\u003cem>. \u003c/em>One of the problems we had with the detention officers there were some who were just yelling at people for nothing.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“That also helped me a lot because you don’t have time to sit and wallow in your pity,” he said. “You just get back into the swing of things.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>While in detention, Peter missed his son’s first Christmas, and the couple missed their wedding anniversary. They also missed a marathon they had trained for, so in May, after Peter was released, they ran the Bay to Breakers race, pushing their baby in a stroller across San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Peter said he’s thankful to the community who showed up for him, Alexandra and their baby, and helped him get through his ordeal. The family’s GoFundMe fundraiser doubled its goal, with more than 650 contributors. And he also made friends while in detention. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I’m mad that it happened to me, but at the same time I made friends, and I saw the goodness of people, and you see how people with nothing or with very limited resources can be kind to each other,” he said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Alexandra said she’s staying in touch with parents she met while visiting Peter, and still sends hand-me-down baby clothes to some of them.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Some of the detainees that are in there with my husband never even met their children,” she said. “We had a lot of luck in the process, despite how hard it was.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>During his detention, Peter and Alexandra also wrote letters to each other. He always enclosed a drawing of birds that his baby liked to admire whenever they strolled around Oakland’s Lake Merritt together. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“And hopefully, who’s to say where this country will be in five, 10, 15, 20 years, but hopefully, he’ll just say: ‘Wow, I can’t believe they did that. I’m so glad they don’t do that anymore,” she said. “Or he’ll be fighting it.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story has been updated to include Prof. Rahil Briggs’ affiliation with the organization Zero To Three and its HealthySteps program.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For the first year of his life, a baby boy went with his mom on 7-hour-long drives from their home in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a> to the Mojave Desert to see his dad, Peter, at an immigration detention center.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A glass partition separated the baby and the dad, who used to hold him til he fell asleep. They made the best of the situation by playing peek-a-boo and giving each other high-fives, with hands touching the glass. But during one particular visit, the baby grew agitated and began banging on it. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter told the baby’s mom, Alexandra, they probably should cut the visit short “because it’s making the baby more upset to be here than to not be here.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We ended up leaving a little bit early,” Alexandra said. “And in the car ride home, the baby looked really, really angry. And not just frustrated because kids look frustrated, he looked angry.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter was the main caregiver to his son when he was taken into custody in November 2025, and the sudden separation took a toll not only on him and his wife, but also on their developing baby. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-18-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093139\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-18-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-18-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-18-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peter sits in Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Since Trump’s deportation campaign began last year, more than 100,000 children who are American citizens have had a parent detained, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/articles/how-many-children-are-affected-by-parental-immigrant-detention/\">analysis by the Brookings Institution\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trauma of family separation could lead to profound consequences on kids’ brains and bodies, even for those too young to understand.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It has implications biologically, it has implications developmentally, it has implications for learning,” said Rahil Briggs, a clinical professor of pediatrics, psychiatry and behavioral science at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York and national director of HealthySteps, a program with the early childhood advocacy group Zero To Three. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For Peter, not being able to touch or hold his son was one of the most difficult parts of a five-month nightmare in detention. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter is his adopted American name. We’re not using his full name because he fears telling his story may harm his immigration case.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He came to California from Kenya on a student visa almost 25 years ago. In the early 2000s, his country was in political and economic turmoil, and there were few opportunities to pursue higher education.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Chances are you are not going to get anywhere there,” he said. “So let’s just take a chance and try to go somewhere else.”\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He went to a community college in Orange County. Then in 2018, he moved to the Bay Area to get a bachelor’s degree at San Francisco State University. As he pursued his education, he supported himself by working in cafes and bars and as a soccer and rugby referee. Then in 2024 he met his wife, Alexandra, an elementary school teacher.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>They had their first date at the Ferry Building, on the San Francisco waterfront. Not long after that, Alexandra needed to undergo surgery. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“He came and stayed with me for I think a week or two and took care of me,” she said. “He’s just a really good person, a really thoughtful person. So we hit it off pretty quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>They got married a year later and had their son in the spring of 2025.\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter became a full-time dad when Alexandra went back to work. She’s legally blind and cannot drive, and he said it made sense for him to stay home to take care of their baby. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When you have a kid, in their first few years they have to go to a lot of checkups,” he said. “So it’s easier that way, and also she really, really loves teaching. I kind of felt guilty telling her, ‘Oh no, you stay.’ I was like, ‘No, I’ll stay with him.’”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>After tying the knot, Alexandra petitioned to sponsor Peter’s green card because his student visa had expired.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In November 2025, the family went to a federal building in San Francisco for the green card interview. The appointment came several months after Pres. Donald Trump’s administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJNXsOqFSZs\">directed ICE to make 3,000 arrests per day\u003c/a> to meet his pledge of mass deportations. Peter was worried about getting swept up in the crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093138\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-12-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peter and Alexandra spend time with their 1-year-old son at the playground in Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>About a week before the appointment, he said his baby might have felt his anxiety too. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I picked him up in the morning, and he held my hand, and he wouldn’t let go,” he said. “He looked at me, and he held me for a long time.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Green card interviews are usually the final step in the process for foreign spouses of American citizens to obtain permanent residency. Couples submit evidence that they have a legitimate marriage, and a U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services officer verifies it at the in-person meeting. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Alexandra said the officer approved her petition to sponsor Peter and was going to issue him a green card. But in the middle of the interview, the baby needed a diaper change. Alexandra said the officer urged her to take her son to the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She said she hesitated and said she’d rather wait to finish the interview and go with Peter to change the diaper.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She said the officer told her: “We’re almost done here. We’ll be waiting for you when the baby comes out.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But as soon as Alexandra left for the bathroom, ICE agents swooped in with a warrant, alleging that he overstayed his student visa, handcuffed him and took him into custody.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>When Alexandra came back and learned that Peter was detained, she tried to stay calm as she held her baby.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I asked the ICE agent, ‘Well, how am I going to get home? How am I going to take care of my baby? You know, I don’t see well; how am I going to do that?” she said. “And they’re like, ’That’s not our problem.’”\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter was taken to a local holding cell for a night. The next day, he was driven seven hours away to a detention facility in California City, in the middle of the desert. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Once he got to the detention center, Peter said he was placed in a two-person cell within a unit of 80 people. The facility used to be a state prison, but federal immigration officials arranged to reopen it last August to hold up to 2,500 detainees and have it run by the private for-profit company CoreCivic. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter said it felt like prison. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“They’re putting you in a unit, they’re locking the doors, they’re counting people all the time,” he said. “You cannot be out. You cannot do certain things by certain times.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, Alexandra and Peter’s friends, family and community sprang into action. A relative helped find legal aid and a friend helped Alexandra with childcare while she continued teaching. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Abby Sullivan Engen, an immigration attorney at Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland, said Peter’s arrest and detention were unlawful because he was following the proper procedures to adjust his status to permanent resident. She accused ICE and the USCIS of “colluding” to lure the couple to the interview and arrest Peter.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093137\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-10-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Peter and Alexandra hold the hand of their 1-year-old son at Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“They’re engaging in different tactics to satisfy that totally arbitrary metric [of 3,000 arrests per day],” she said. “Arresting people at interviews was kind of an easy way for them to fulfill this number and just get people in ICE custody.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Andrew Nietor, an immigration attorney in San Diego, said between November and January, dozens of similar arrests occurred in his region during green card interviews.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He said while it’s not uncommon for foreign-born spouses of American citizens to have their visas lapse while their “adjustment of status” continues, they don’t usually get detained in the process. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Traditionally ICE detention was based on risk of flight, or danger to the community,” Nietor said. “So when you’re detaining people who are showing up for appointments and have already passed background checks, it doesn’t make sense.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As Peter’s lawyer worked to get him out of detention, he and Alexandra made daily video calls to maintain a sense of normalcy for their infant. After a while, Alexandra said the baby learned to recognize the automated announcement from the detention center when the phone rings.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of depressing and also heartwarming at the same time, but we would hear, ‘This is a call from Peter, a detainee at California,’ and anytime [he] heard that, he would just start smiling and laughing,” she said. “So he knew whenever that recording came on that his dad was going to be on the phone.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1440\" height=\"978\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/5446958381_9e90f58cab_o-e1416954725536.jpg\" alt=\"An SFPD squad car.\" class=\"wp-image-10356156\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">San Francisco police car parked outside the Hall of Justice. (Todd Lappin/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Volunteers drove Alexandra and the baby to the detention center, but he often got fussy seeing his dad behind a glass partition. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“He was trying to touch my face through the glass, and that was frustrating,” Peter said. “We asked the detention [center] why they don’t allow a family to have personal visits. And they say we’re not ready and we don’t do it.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Steven Owen, a spokesman for CoreCivic, said visitation policies are determined by ICE, “who have operational and security considerations that inform those decisions.” A Department of Homeland Security spokesperson said the California City detention center has a family visitation room, but no physical contact is allowed. They declined to explain the reason behind the policy.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://developingchild.harvard.edu/key-concept/toxic-stress/\">Research shows\u003c/a> that when young kids experience adversity and they don’t have anyone to help them cope, their body’s stress response system goes into overdrive. This type of stress is called toxic stress, and Briggs said it can rewire the brain and disrupt the healthy development of their bodies, increasing the risk for heart disease, diabetes, and depression later on. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The early childhood brain, because it’s so plastic and it’s in this developing stage deciding which neural pathways to lay down, it’s especially sensitive to stress — more sensitive than your brain or my brain, and therefore more able to react positively to safety, to nurturing, to connection, but also likely to be worse off when the stress gets really toxic,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While Peter was in detention, the baby had difficulty falling asleep and became clingy, Alexandra said. If anyone sat in his dad’s favorite chair, he would throw a fit. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093136\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260722-FAMILYSEPARATION-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Alexandra and Peter hold their 1-year-old son at Dolores Park in San Francisco on July 22, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“He would not have anybody sitting in his dad’s chair. So clearly, he knew that dad was gone,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She said she has a hard time forgetting the look on her baby’s face the day they cut their visit to Peter short.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I was just heartbroken because you want to give your kids everything, but I couldn’t give him the ability to touch or be held by his own dad.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter lingered in detention for months waiting for a hearing. But the federal courts were flooded with lawsuits challenging detentions, and his case bounced from one court to another around the state, from Santa Ana to Sacramento. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Finally, in early April, five months after he was detained, a federal judge ruled his arrest was unlawful and ordered ICE to release him. A couple of days later, he got his green card. He was granted permanent resident status on a conditional basis — something given to couples married for less than two years. In a couple of years, he’ll be eligible to apply for naturalized citizenship. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It happened after not only him and his family suffered for that amount of time, but [at] the government expense, the amount of resources that go to arresting somebody, placing them in immigration proceedings, having a judge and other staff in the immigration court review their case, having whatever it costs to detain somebody per day,” Engen, the attorney, said. “And for what? For no other reason than to be cruel.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>After Peter was released and taken to a processing center in Bakersfield, a friend picked him up. On the road back to the Bay Area, they stopped to savor something he had been missing while in detention: a good cup of coffee and a hamburger.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I was just excited to be out. And just to walk on your own,” he said. “Just not have somebody screaming at the top of their lungs at anything and everything\u003cem>. \u003c/em>One of the problems we had with the detention officers there were some who were just yelling at people for nothing.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>When he got home, there was no dramatic reunion, no welcoming party. It was his baby’s bedtime, and he needed to jump back into his schedule.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“That also helped me a lot because you don’t have time to sit and wallow in your pity,” he said. “You just get back into the swing of things.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While in detention, Peter missed his son’s first Christmas, and the couple missed their wedding anniversary. They also missed a marathon they had trained for, so in May, after Peter was released, they ran the Bay to Breakers race, pushing their baby in a stroller across San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He also got to celebrate his son’s first birthday and see him take his first steps.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Peter said he’s thankful to the community who showed up for him, Alexandra and their baby, and helped him get through his ordeal. The family’s GoFundMe fundraiser doubled its goal, with more than 650 contributors. And he also made friends while in detention. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I’m mad that it happened to me, but at the same time I made friends, and I saw the goodness of people, and you see how people with nothing or with very limited resources can be kind to each other,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Alexandra said she’s staying in touch with parents she met while visiting Peter, and still sends hand-me-down baby clothes to some of them.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Some of the detainees that are in there with my husband never even met their children,” she said. “We had a lot of luck in the process, despite how hard it was.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During his detention, Peter and Alexandra also wrote letters to each other. He always enclosed a drawing of birds that his baby liked to admire whenever they strolled around Oakland’s Lake Merritt together. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Alexandra said she hopes when their son grows up, he’ll read the letters and know that his parents did the best they could to help him get through a traumatic experience. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“And hopefully, who’s to say where this country will be in five, 10, 15, 20 years, but hopefully, he’ll just say: ‘Wow, I can’t believe they did that. I’m so glad they don’t do that anymore,” she said. “Or he’ll be fighting it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story has been updated to include Prof. Rahil Briggs’ affiliation with the organization Zero To Three and its HealthySteps program.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "unaccompanied-migrant-kids-may-face-legal-gaps-as-bay-area-groups-lose-federal-funding",
"title": "Unaccompanied Migrant Kids May Face Legal Gaps as Bay Area Groups Lose Federal Funding",
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"headTitle": "Unaccompanied Migrant Kids May Face Legal Gaps as Bay Area Groups Lose Federal Funding | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Legal aid groups said they will continue to represent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">unaccompanied immigrant children\u003c/a> in the Bay Area even after the Trump administration shifted federal funding away from seasoned service providers to a controversial anti-trafficking group.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services awarded a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/08/12/nx-s1-5929456/migrant-children-our-rescue\">$158 million contract —\u003c/a> which could grow to $244 million — to Our Rescue, a Utah-based anti-human-trafficking group whose founder was accused of sexual exploitation and whose current director led Homeland Security Investigations, a branch of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, during the first Trump administration. The group touts its expertise assisting law enforcement with sting operations, but advocates say it lacks experience representing children in immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Katrina Logan, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://clsepa.org\">Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto,\u003c/a> said her team of lawyers and social workers is not walking away from the 33 children they represent, even though their contract funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services expired July 31. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Immigration cases can go on for years and can involve complex forms of humanitarian relief, especially for children, she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/GettyImages-1838184632-scaled-e1786995916941.jpg\" alt=\"a line of kids outside in the desert\" class=\"wp-image-11986452\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Immigrant children await transport from the U.S.-Mexico border in December 2023. (John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Our attorneys have been doing this type of law for many years. They’ve developed the expertise,” Logan said. “They understand how to support clients. So it’s definitely tough to be losing this funding.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Logan’s organization is the lead plaintiff in a federal lawsuit that blocked HHS last year when it tried to terminate funding for lawyers to represent more than 20,000 children — including more than 4,000 in California. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On Aug. 6, an Oakland federal judge ordered HHS to release $65 million in back-due payments to the network of legal service providers, including Logan’s group and several others in California. The agency had stopped cutting checks in December, after the groups refused to comply with a new requirement to turn over information about the children and their cases. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín rejected the information-sharing requirement — which was not part of the original contract — and said the government was violating her 2025 order to pay for legal services, as Congress intended.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A 2008 law, the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act, requires the government to ensure that unaccompanied migrant children “have counsel to represent them in legal proceedings or matters and protect them from mistreatment, exploitation, and trafficking,” Martínez-Olguín wrote. She noted that Congress has funded those services through 2027.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The $65 million — with interest — has now been paid, said Bilal Askaryar, spokesperson for the \u003ca href=\"https://acaciajustice.org\">Acacia Center for Justice\u003c/a>, which holds the master contract on behalf of Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto and roughly 100 other nonprofits. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>With the contract now expired, he said, HHS’s \u003ca href=\"https://acf.gov/orr\">Office of Refugee Resettlement\u003c/a>, which is tasked with the welfare of unaccompanied migrant children, made the sharing of what he called confidential information — including the children’s alien numbers and their lawyers’ plans for arguing their cases — a requirement to renew.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We told ORR that we would be happy to continue providing these services because we are the network with the trauma-informed lawyers who know how to work with children,” Askaryar said. “And we would not hand over our clients’ sensitive, confidential, privileged data in exchange for considering that work. ORR made that a requirement, and that was a red line that we would not cross.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Acacia did not apply to renew the contract under those terms, and, with the expiration of the old contract, Martínez-Olguín said the government seemed to be scrambling to meet its legal obligation to ensure kids have lawyers. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It appears to the Court that no mechanism presently exists by which Defendants are complying with the preliminary injunction,” she wrote in her Aug. 6 ruling, and ordered the government to explain how it would comply with the law.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/gettyimages-91547950_slide-4d6100270cc91128d1beb27eca778a6dcd952acd-e1548610211215.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11721432\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Children of Mexican immigrants wait to receive a free health checkup inside a mobile clinic at the Mexican Consulate in Denver, Colorado, in 2009. (John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In a declaration last week, the government said it was looking for additional contractors to provide legal representation for kids and trying to work out a transitional contract with Acacia to “support an orderly transition of cases to new legal service providers, including \u003ca href=\"https://ourrescue.org\">Our Rescue\u003c/a>.”\u003cbr>\u003cbr>It also said it had engaged the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants on a short-term $20 million contract to provide legal services for the 1,800 children who are in ORR shelters. The Virginia-based nonprofit has performed immigration legal services for Afghan arrivals and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/12/g-s1-65984/south-african-afrikaner-refugee-us\">helped settle\u003c/a> white South Africans granted refugee status in an expedited process last year. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“These interim measures are intended to ensure that eligible children appearing without counsel have immediate access to representation while successor contracts are being negotiated,” attorneys for the government wrote. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But lawyers representing Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto and the other legal aid groups in the suit say they anticipate gaps — that could have big consequences for unaccompanied children, who are navigating an often-bewildering legal system without a parent for guidance.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It really does unfortunately mean that a lot of children may have court next week and may not have an attorney by their side,” said Álvaro Huerta, with Los Angeles-based \u003ca href=\"https://www.immdef.org\">Immigrant Defenders Law Center\u003c/a>, which represents children in immigration court and is also fighting the lawsuit. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As the advocates wait for Martínez-Olguín’s next move in the case, leaders like Logan, at Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto, say they’ll keep forging ahead, in spite of uncertainty. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We’re just in that mode of being ready for whatever is going to come and hopefully having the capacity to continue to do the important work that we’ve been doing,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Askaryar said the stakes of the work are greater than a contract or a federal program.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about what kind of country the United States of America wants to be … when a child stumbles onto our doorstep asking for help,” he said. “Do we offer them a lawyer that knows how to work with kids in a child-friendly way to help them rebuild their life, or do we offer them someone who is just going to rubber stamp their deportation?”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services awarded a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/08/12/nx-s1-5929456/migrant-children-our-rescue\">$158 million contract —\u003c/a> which could grow to $244 million — to Our Rescue, a Utah-based anti-human-trafficking group whose founder was accused of sexual exploitation and whose current director led Homeland Security Investigations, a branch of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, during the first Trump administration. The group touts its expertise assisting law enforcement with sting operations, but advocates say it lacks experience representing children in immigration court.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Katrina Logan, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://clsepa.org\">Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto,\u003c/a> said her team of lawyers and social workers is not walking away from the 33 children they represent, even though their contract funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services expired July 31. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Immigration cases can go on for years and can involve complex forms of humanitarian relief, especially for children, she said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Our attorneys have been doing this type of law for many years. They’ve developed the expertise,” Logan said. “They understand how to support clients. So it’s definitely tough to be losing this funding.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Logan’s organization is the lead plaintiff in a federal lawsuit that blocked HHS last year when it tried to terminate funding for lawyers to represent more than 20,000 children — including more than 4,000 in California. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín rejected the information-sharing requirement — which was not part of the original contract — and said the government was violating her 2025 order to pay for legal services, as Congress intended.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>A 2008 law, the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act, requires the government to ensure that unaccompanied migrant children “have counsel to represent them in legal proceedings or matters and protect them from mistreatment, exploitation, and trafficking,” Martínez-Olguín wrote. She noted that Congress has funded those services through 2027.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The $65 million — with interest — has now been paid, said Bilal Askaryar, spokesperson for the \u003ca href=\"https://acaciajustice.org\">Acacia Center for Justice\u003c/a>, which holds the master contract on behalf of Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto and roughly 100 other nonprofits. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>With the contract now expired, he said, HHS’s \u003ca href=\"https://acf.gov/orr\">Office of Refugee Resettlement\u003c/a>, which is tasked with the welfare of unaccompanied migrant children, made the sharing of what he called confidential information — including the children’s alien numbers and their lawyers’ plans for arguing their cases — a requirement to renew.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We told ORR that we would be happy to continue providing these services because we are the network with the trauma-informed lawyers who know how to work with children,” Askaryar said. “And we would not hand over our clients’ sensitive, confidential, privileged data in exchange for considering that work. ORR made that a requirement, and that was a red line that we would not cross.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Acacia did not apply to renew the contract under those terms, and, with the expiration of the old contract, Martínez-Olguín said the government seemed to be scrambling to meet its legal obligation to ensure kids have lawyers. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Acacia did not apply to renew the contract under those terms, and, with the expiration of the old contract, Martínez-Olguín said the government seemed to be scrambling to meet its legal obligation to ensure kids have lawyers. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“It appears to the Court that no mechanism presently exists by which Defendants are complying with the preliminary injunction,” she wrote in her Aug. 6 ruling, and ordered the government to explain how it would comply with the law.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“It appears to the Court that no mechanism presently exists by which Defendants are complying with the preliminary injunction,” she wrote in her Aug. 6 ruling, and ordered the government to explain how it would comply with the law.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In a declaration last week, the government said it was looking for additional contractors to provide legal representation for kids and trying to work out a transitional contract with Acacia to “support an orderly transition of cases to new legal service providers, including \u003ca href=\"https://ourrescue.org\">Our Rescue\u003c/a>.”\u003cbr>\u003cbr>It also said it had engaged the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants on a short-term $20 million contract to provide legal services for the 1,800 children who are in ORR shelters. The Virginia-based nonprofit has performed immigration legal services for Afghan arrivals and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/12/g-s1-65984/south-african-afrikaner-refugee-us\">helped settle\u003c/a> white South Africans granted refugee status in an expedited process last year. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In a declaration last week, the government said it was looking for additional contractors to provide legal representation for kids and trying to work out a transitional contract with Acacia to “support an orderly transition of cases to new legal service providers, including \u003ca href=\"https://ourrescue.org\">Our Rescue\u003c/a>.”\u003cbr>\u003cbr>It also said it had engaged the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants on a short-term $20 million contract to provide legal services for the 1,800 children who are in ORR shelters. The Virginia-based nonprofit has performed immigration legal services for Afghan arrivals and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/12/g-s1-65984/south-african-afrikaner-refugee-us\">helped settle\u003c/a> white South Africans granted refugee status in an expedited process last year. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“These interim measures are intended to ensure that eligible children appearing without counsel have immediate access to representation while successor contracts are being negotiated,” attorneys for the government wrote. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>But lawyers representing Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto and the other legal aid groups in the suit say they anticipate gaps — that could have big consequences for unaccompanied children, who are navigating an often-bewildering legal system without a parent for guidance.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“It really does unfortunately mean that a lot of children may have court next week and may not have an attorney by their side,” said Álvaro Huerta, with Los Angeles-based \u003ca href=\"https://www.immdef.org\">Immigrant Defenders Law Center\u003c/a>, which represents children in immigration court and is also fighting the lawsuit. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>As the advocates wait for Martínez-Olguín’s next move in the case, leaders like Logan, at Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto, say they’ll keep forging ahead, in spite of uncertainty. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We’re just in that mode of being ready for whatever is going to come and hopefully having the capacity to continue to do the important work that we’ve been doing,” she said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Askaryar said the stakes of the work are greater than a contract or a federal program.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“This is about what kind of country the United States of America wants to be … when a child stumbles onto our doorstep asking for help,” he said. “Do we offer them a lawyer that knows how to work with kids in a child-friendly way to help them rebuild their life, or do we offer them someone who is just going to rubber stamp their deportation?”\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "An Oakland judge is weighing whether a new Trump administration plan ensures that children are represented in immigration court as federal law requires. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Legal aid groups said they will continue to represent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">unaccompanied immigrant children\u003c/a> in the Bay Area even after the Trump administration shifted federal funding away from seasoned service providers to a controversial anti-trafficking group.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services awarded a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/08/12/nx-s1-5929456/migrant-children-our-rescue\">$158 million contract —\u003c/a> which could grow to $244 million — to Our Rescue, a Utah-based anti-human-trafficking group whose founder was accused of sexual exploitation and whose current director led Homeland Security Investigations, a branch of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, during the first Trump administration. The group touts its expertise assisting law enforcement with sting operations, but advocates say it lacks experience representing children in immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Katrina Logan, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://clsepa.org\">Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto,\u003c/a> said her team of lawyers and social workers is not walking away from the 33 children they represent, even though their contract funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services expired July 31. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Immigration cases can go on for years and can involve complex forms of humanitarian relief, especially for children, she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/GettyImages-1838184632-scaled-e1786995916941.jpg\" alt=\"a line of kids outside in the desert\" class=\"wp-image-11986452\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Immigrant children await transport from the U.S.-Mexico border in December 2023. (John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Our attorneys have been doing this type of law for many years. They’ve developed the expertise,” Logan said. “They understand how to support clients. So it’s definitely tough to be losing this funding.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Logan’s organization is the lead plaintiff in a federal lawsuit that blocked HHS last year when it tried to terminate funding for lawyers to represent more than 20,000 children — including more than 4,000 in California. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On Aug. 6, an Oakland federal judge ordered HHS to release $65 million in back-due payments to the network of legal service providers, including Logan’s group and several others in California. The agency had stopped cutting checks in December, after the groups refused to comply with a new requirement to turn over information about the children and their cases. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín rejected the information-sharing requirement — which was not part of the original contract — and said the government was violating her 2025 order to pay for legal services, as Congress intended.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A 2008 law, the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act, requires the government to ensure that unaccompanied migrant children “have counsel to represent them in legal proceedings or matters and protect them from mistreatment, exploitation, and trafficking,” Martínez-Olguín wrote. She noted that Congress has funded those services through 2027.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The $65 million — with interest — has now been paid, said Bilal Askaryar, spokesperson for the \u003ca href=\"https://acaciajustice.org\">Acacia Center for Justice\u003c/a>, which holds the master contract on behalf of Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto and roughly 100 other nonprofits. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>With the contract now expired, he said, HHS’s \u003ca href=\"https://acf.gov/orr\">Office of Refugee Resettlement\u003c/a>, which is tasked with the welfare of unaccompanied migrant children, made the sharing of what he called confidential information — including the children’s alien numbers and their lawyers’ plans for arguing their cases — a requirement to renew.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We told ORR that we would be happy to continue providing these services because we are the network with the trauma-informed lawyers who know how to work with children,” Askaryar said. “And we would not hand over our clients’ sensitive, confidential, privileged data in exchange for considering that work. ORR made that a requirement, and that was a red line that we would not cross.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Acacia did not apply to renew the contract under those terms, and, with the expiration of the old contract, Martínez-Olguín said the government seemed to be scrambling to meet its legal obligation to ensure kids have lawyers. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It appears to the Court that no mechanism presently exists by which Defendants are complying with the preliminary injunction,” she wrote in her Aug. 6 ruling, and ordered the government to explain how it would comply with the law.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/gettyimages-91547950_slide-4d6100270cc91128d1beb27eca778a6dcd952acd-e1548610211215.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11721432\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Children of Mexican immigrants wait to receive a free health checkup inside a mobile clinic at the Mexican Consulate in Denver, Colorado, in 2009. (John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In a declaration last week, the government said it was looking for additional contractors to provide legal representation for kids and trying to work out a transitional contract with Acacia to “support an orderly transition of cases to new legal service providers, including \u003ca href=\"https://ourrescue.org\">Our Rescue\u003c/a>.”\u003cbr>\u003cbr>It also said it had engaged the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants on a short-term $20 million contract to provide legal services for the 1,800 children who are in ORR shelters. The Virginia-based nonprofit has performed immigration legal services for Afghan arrivals and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/12/g-s1-65984/south-african-afrikaner-refugee-us\">helped settle\u003c/a> white South Africans granted refugee status in an expedited process last year. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“These interim measures are intended to ensure that eligible children appearing without counsel have immediate access to representation while successor contracts are being negotiated,” attorneys for the government wrote. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But lawyers representing Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto and the other legal aid groups in the suit say they anticipate gaps — that could have big consequences for unaccompanied children, who are navigating an often-bewildering legal system without a parent for guidance.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It really does unfortunately mean that a lot of children may have court next week and may not have an attorney by their side,” said Álvaro Huerta, with Los Angeles-based \u003ca href=\"https://www.immdef.org\">Immigrant Defenders Law Center\u003c/a>, which represents children in immigration court and is also fighting the lawsuit. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As the advocates wait for Martínez-Olguín’s next move in the case, leaders like Logan, at Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto, say they’ll keep forging ahead, in spite of uncertainty. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We’re just in that mode of being ready for whatever is going to come and hopefully having the capacity to continue to do the important work that we’ve been doing,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Askaryar said the stakes of the work are greater than a contract or a federal program.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about what kind of country the United States of America wants to be … when a child stumbles onto our doorstep asking for help,” he said. “Do we offer them a lawyer that knows how to work with kids in a child-friendly way to help them rebuild their life, or do we offer them someone who is just going to rubber stamp their deportation?”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "trump-immigration-policy-may-have-chilling-effect-on-latino-birth-rates",
"title": "Trump Immigration Policy May Have ‘Chilling Effect’ on Latino Birth Rates",
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"headTitle": "Trump Immigration Policy May Have ‘Chilling Effect’ on Latino Birth Rates | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported for K Onda KQED, a monthly newsletter focused on the Bay Area’s Latinx community. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/newsletters/k-onda\">\u003cem>Click here to subscribe.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On a recent visit to my hometown, a close friend who got married last year came over while one of my tías had also stopped by. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As we sat around the kitchen table, my tía turned to my friend and asked, “When are you going to have a baby?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>My friend laughed and said, “You sound just like my mom!” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The decision to have children is a deeply personal one, and yet, for much of my adult life, I experienced these pushy, intrusive exchanges with my mom, tías and adults older than me, who seemed to think that telling me to have children was their mandate. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12078178\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A mother looking out the window while holding the baby in her arms. (Rawl Stock/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While those conversations are cringey, they also align with the family-oriented, pro-baby, if you will, aspects of Latino culture.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data proves that to be the case: Latinas have more children than women from any other demographic group and have been pulling up the U.S. birthrate for decades, according to research organization Child Trends. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>So, while conservative women such as Erika Kirk tell mostly white young women to have “babies you can’t afford,” I find myself thinking, “Excuse me, \u003ca href=\"https://www.childtrends.org/publications/nearly-half-hispanic-children-families-low-incomes\">Latine\u003c/a> families have been doing that forever! And we don’t get credit for it.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I started thinking about birth rates after learning that the U.S. population is now growing much more slowly. And how the Trump administration’s crackdown on immigration enforcement, which has largely targeted Latinos, and its unsuccessful attempt to strike down birthright citizenship, could worsen the problem. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2197914000-scaled-e1740613370625.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12026832\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A protester waves the national flags of Mexico during a demonstration for immigrants’ rights outside of Los Angeles City Hall on Feb. 5, 2025. (Qian Weizhong/VCG via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I’ve been hearing about a Latino boom that would eventually lead to the entire country where white people were no longer the majority. This happened in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2014/01/24/in-2014-latinos-will-surpass-whites-as-largest-racialethnic-group-in-california/\">California in 2014 when Latinos became the largest demographic group\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Demographics are destiny,” experts were often quoted as saying. For years, I thought growth would equate to “strength in numbers” for Latinos, allowing us to achieve socioeconomic parity with white people. That hasn’t happened.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Pew Research \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/10/22/key-facts-about-us-latinos/#latinos-have-played-a-major-role-in-u-s-population-growth\">reported last fall\u003c/a> that Latino immigrants and their children contributed significantly to U.S. population growth and “made up 20% of people in the U.S. in 2024, up from 13% in 2000 and just 5% in 1970.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The nation’s population grew by 58.7 million people from 2000 to 2024, and Hispanics accounted for 56% of this increase — a greater share than any other racial or ethnic group,” Pew reported.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>And now, with the Trump administration’s crackdown on all immigration, projections for Latine growth could change. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Hispanics were projected to reach 111.2 million or 27.5% of the total U.S. population by 2060, up from 57.4 million or 17.8% in 2016, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2020/demo/p25-1144.pdf\">U.S. Census report from 2020\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Trump’s deportation machine, which has largely targeted Latinos, has already led to up to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2026/01/20/dhs-sets-stage-another-historic-record-breaking-year-under-president-trump\">estimated 3 million people leaving the country, according to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s too early to tell” how Trump’s immigration enforcement will alter the Latino population, said Lina Guzman, chief strategy officer at Child Trends and director of its Hispanic Institute.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Part of it’s going to depend on who’s getting deported, the volume or number of people that are being deported,” she said, but impacts are already being felt. “Deportation efforts are impacting access to services. For example, access to doctors, including contraceptive services or prenatal care.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In California, Latino babies account for about half of all babies, compared with a quarter of all babies nationwide. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>More than 90% of Latino children are U.S. citizens, so it’s really future generations that hold the key to population growth, Guzman said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1587\" height=\"1588\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12094642\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman.jpg 1587w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-600x600.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1587px) 100vw, 1587px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Lina Guzman, chief strategy officer at research organization Child Trends and director of its Hispanic Institute, said birth rates are going down for all demographic groups, but the rate has fallen fastest among Latinas. (Courtesy of Child Trends)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Trump’s deportation campaign is “also having a general chilling effect on Latino communities overall, including among those that are U.S. born citizens,” she told me. “It very much could impact a desire to have children when that time comes for them to have a child or to have another child.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Overall U.S. birth rates have been in decline for decades, Guzman said, but “what’s been different in particular over more recent years and really since the turn of the century is that the decline in the fertility rates has been the steepest among Latina women,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It turns out that Latines are just as susceptible to the conditions that are making parenthood more out of reach for everyone: the high cost of raising a child, financial uncertainty, lack of access to affordable childcare and lack of paid parental leave.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The demographic profile of who gives birth is also changing, Guzman told me. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/04/09/nx-s1-5777587/teen-birth-rates-hit-another-historical-low-2025-cdc\">Teen pregnancy fell \u003c/a>by about 80% from 1991 to 2025. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Women are choosing to have children later in life, but the data shows that earning degrees and working make women less likely to have children.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>That seems like a contradiction given that for many would-be parents, financial stability is a precursor to having children. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Guzman said affordability often hinges on three key expenses: the cost of childcare, housing and healthcare. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“These three issues around affordability may be more pronounced among the Latino communities and for Latina women because of where they live, because of the kinds of jobs that they have, the kinds of salaries that they make and the options that they have in their community.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Fertility is a delicate subject that I’ve learned requires care when talking about. It might be commonplace for elders to lecture younger generations on having babies, but those conversations can trigger sadness, shame and despair. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12024749\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Students and supporters rally in response to the mass deportations ordered by the Trump administration at Sproul Plaza on the University of California, Berkeley campus on Wednesday, Jan. 29, 2025. (Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Motherhood seemed like a normal path to take if I were to ever meet my person, but it also seemed hard, scary, expensive, and consuming,” writes Johanna Ferreira, a Latina journalist, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.popsugar.com/health/latinas-egg-freezing-fertility-access-49453001\">an article about freezing her eggs\u003c/a> at age 39 for PopSugar Juntos. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She recalled being told repeatedly that “Latinas are naturally fertile” and just being a Latina meant she’d have no issues conceiving a baby if she ever wanted to. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Those myths obscure the reality that Latines experience infertility, and even when people do have children, raising them is increasingly more challenging. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As soon as I finished college and started working, I started heeding lots of pressure from elders to get married — advice I mostly brushed off. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I was 32 when my husband and I got engaged. The conversations turned into, “Congrats! Now, when are you going to have a baby?” And, of course, the demands only intensify as soon as you have one child. “When is the next one coming?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Now, as a mom of two in my mid-40s, I’m regularly asked about a third one. My response: two is enough.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/KOnda_BlancaTorresyFamilia1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12094633\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/KOnda_BlancaTorresyFamilia1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/KOnda_BlancaTorresyFamilia1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/KOnda_BlancaTorresyFamilia1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Blanca Torres flanked by her two children in 2024. (Courtesy of Fabiola Sway)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>These brief questions and answers belie the complexity of all the decisions and feelings that go into becoming a parent. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Amid all the challenges of having and raising children, I would hope to see that Latine pro-family cultural norms would strengthen families. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I would like to see the conversation move forward; not asking when children are coming, but instead asking, “What can I do to support your decision to have or not have children?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, making sure that as a community, we support policies that empower Latines in whatever path they end up on.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12078178\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A mother looking out the window while holding the baby in her arms.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12078178\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A mother looking out the window while holding the baby in her arms.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>While those conversations are cringey, they also align with the family-oriented, pro-baby, if you will, aspects of Latino culture.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Data proves that to be the case: Latinas have more children than women from any other demographic group and have been pulling up the U.S. birthrate for decades, according to research organization Child Trends. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Data proves that to be the case: Latinas have more children than women from any other demographic group and have been pulling up the U.S. birthrate for decades, according to research organization Child Trends. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>So, while conservative women such as Erika Kirk tell mostly white young women to have “babies you can’t afford,” I find myself thinking, “Excuse me, \u003ca href=\"https://www.childtrends.org/publications/nearly-half-hispanic-children-families-low-incomes\">Latine\u003c/a> families have been doing that forever! And we don’t get credit for it.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>So, while conservative women such as Erika Kirk tell mostly white young women to have “babies you can’t afford,” I find myself thinking, “Excuse me, \u003ca href=\"https://www.childtrends.org/publications/nearly-half-hispanic-children-families-low-incomes\">Latine\u003c/a> families have been doing that forever! And we don’t get credit for it.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>I started thinking about birth rates after learning that the U.S. population is now growing much more slowly. And how the Trump administration’s crackdown on immigration enforcement, which has largely targeted Latinos, and its unsuccessful attempt to strike down birthright citizenship, could worsen the problem. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>I started thinking about birth rates after learning that the U.S. population is now growing much more slowly. And how the Trump administration’s crackdown on immigration enforcement, which has largely targeted Latinos, and its unsuccessful attempt to strike down birthright citizenship, could worsen the problem. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2197914000-scaled-e1740613370625.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12026832\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A protester waves the national flags of Mexico during a demonstration for immigrants’ rights outside of Los Angeles City Hall on Feb. 5, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2197914000-scaled-e1740613370625.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12026832\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A protester waves the national flags of Mexico during a demonstration for immigrants’ rights outside of Los Angeles City Hall on Feb. 5, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>I’ve been hearing about a Latino boom that would eventually lead to the entire country where white people were no longer the majority. This happened in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2014/01/24/in-2014-latinos-will-surpass-whites-as-largest-racialethnic-group-in-california/\">California in 2014 when Latinos became the largest demographic group\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>I’ve been hearing about a Latino boom that would eventually lead to the entire country where white people were no longer the majority. This happened in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2014/01/24/in-2014-latinos-will-surpass-whites-as-largest-racialethnic-group-in-california/\">California in 2014 when Latinos became the largest demographic group\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Demographics are destiny,” experts were often quoted as saying. For years, I thought growth would equate to “strength in numbers” for Latinos, allowing us to achieve socioeconomic parity with white people. That hasn’t happened.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Demographics are destiny,” experts were often quoted as saying. For years, I thought growth would equate to “strength in numbers” for Latinos, allowing us to achieve socioeconomic parity with white people. That hasn’t happened.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Pew Research \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/10/22/key-facts-about-us-latinos/#latinos-have-played-a-major-role-in-u-s-population-growth\">reported last fall\u003c/a> that Latino immigrants and their children contributed significantly to U.S. population growth and “made up 20% of people in the U.S. in 2024, up from 13% in 2000 and just 5% in 1970.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Pew Research \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/10/22/key-facts-about-us-latinos/#latinos-have-played-a-major-role-in-u-s-population-growth\">reported last fall\u003c/a> that Latino immigrants and their children contributed significantly to U.S. population growth and “made up 20% of people in the U.S. in 2024, up from 13% in 2000 and just 5% in 1970.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The nation’s population grew by 58.7 million people from 2000 to 2024, and Hispanics accounted for 56% of this increase — a greater share than any other racial or ethnic group,” Pew reported.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“The nation’s population grew by 58.7 million people from 2000 to 2024, and Hispanics accounted for 56% of this increase — a greater share than any other racial or ethnic group,” Pew reported.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>And now, with the Trump administration’s crackdown on all immigration, projections for Latine growth could change. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>And now, with the Trump administration’s crackdown on all immigration, projections for Latine growth could change. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Hispanics were projected to reach 111.2 million or 27.5% of the total U.S. population by 2060, up from 57.4 million or 17.8% in 2016, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2020/demo/p25-1144.pdf\">U.S. Census report from 2020\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Hispanics were projected to reach 111.2 million or 27.5% of the total U.S. population by 2060, up from 57.4 million or 17.8% in 2016, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2020/demo/p25-1144.pdf\">U.S. Census report from 2020\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Trump’s deportation machine, which has largely targeted Latinos, has already led to up to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2026/01/20/dhs-sets-stage-another-historic-record-breaking-year-under-president-trump\">estimated 3 million people leaving the country, according to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Trump’s deportation machine, which has largely targeted Latinos, has already led to up to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2026/01/20/dhs-sets-stage-another-historic-record-breaking-year-under-president-trump\">estimated 3 million people leaving the country, according to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“It’s too early to tell” how Trump’s immigration enforcement will alter the Latino population, said Lina Guzman, chief strategy officer at Child Trends and director of its Hispanic Institute.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“It’s too early to tell” how Trump’s immigration enforcement will alter the Latino population, said Lina Guzman, chief strategy officer at Child Trends and director of its Hispanic Institute.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Part of it’s going to depend on who’s getting deported, the volume or number of people that are being deported,” she said, but impacts are already being felt. “Deportation efforts are impacting access to services. For example, access to doctors, including contraceptive services or prenatal care.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Part of it’s going to depend on who’s getting deported, the volume or number of people that are being deported,” she said, but impacts are already being felt. “Deportation efforts are impacting access to services. For example, access to doctors, including contraceptive services or prenatal care.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In California, Latino babies account for about half of all babies, compared with a quarter of all babies nationwide. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In California, Latino babies account for about half of all babies, compared with a quarter of all babies nationwide. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>More than 90% of Latino children are U.S. citizens, so it’s really future generations that hold the key to population growth, Guzman said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>More than 90% of Latino children are U.S. citizens, so it’s really future generations that hold the key to population growth, Guzman said. \u003c/p>\n"
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"srcset": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman.jpg 1587w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-600x600.jpg 600w",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12094642\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman.jpg 1587w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-600x600.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Lina Guzman, chief strategy officer at research organization Child Trends and director of its Hispanic Institute, said birth rates are going down for all demographic groups, but the rate has fallen fastest among Latinas. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12094642\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Lina Guzman, chief strategy officer at research organization Child Trends and director of its Hispanic Institute, said birth rates are going down for all demographic groups, but the rate has fallen fastest among Latinas. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Trump’s deportation campaign is “also having a general chilling effect on Latino communities overall, including among those that are U.S. born citizens,” she told me. “It very much could impact a desire to have children when that time comes for them to have a child or to have another child.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Trump’s deportation campaign is “also having a general chilling effect on Latino communities overall, including among those that are U.S. born citizens,” she told me. “It very much could impact a desire to have children when that time comes for them to have a child or to have another child.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Overall U.S. birth rates have been in decline for decades, Guzman said, but “what’s been different in particular over more recent years and really since the turn of the century is that the decline in the fertility rates has been the steepest among Latina women,” she said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Overall U.S. birth rates have been in decline for decades, Guzman said, but “what’s been different in particular over more recent years and really since the turn of the century is that the decline in the fertility rates has been the steepest among Latina women,” she said. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>It turns out that Latines are just as susceptible to the conditions that are making parenthood more out of reach for everyone: the high cost of raising a child, financial uncertainty, lack of access to affordable childcare and lack of paid parental leave.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>It turns out that Latines are just as susceptible to the conditions that are making parenthood more out of reach for everyone: the high cost of raising a child, financial uncertainty, lack of access to affordable childcare and lack of paid parental leave.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The demographic profile of who gives birth is also changing, Guzman told me. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/04/09/nx-s1-5777587/teen-birth-rates-hit-another-historical-low-2025-cdc\">Teen pregnancy fell \u003c/a>by about 80% from 1991 to 2025. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The demographic profile of who gives birth is also changing, Guzman told me. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/04/09/nx-s1-5777587/teen-birth-rates-hit-another-historical-low-2025-cdc\">Teen pregnancy fell \u003c/a>by about 80% from 1991 to 2025. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Women are choosing to have children later in life, but the data shows that earning degrees and working make women less likely to have children.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Women are choosing to have children later in life, but the data shows that earning degrees and working make women less likely to have children.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>That seems like a contradiction given that for many would-be parents, financial stability is a precursor to having children. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>That seems like a contradiction given that for many would-be parents, financial stability is a precursor to having children. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Guzman said affordability often hinges on three key expenses: the cost of childcare, housing and healthcare. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Guzman said affordability often hinges on three key expenses: the cost of childcare, housing and healthcare. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“These three issues around affordability may be more pronounced among the Latino communities and for Latina women because of where they live, because of the kinds of jobs that they have, the kinds of salaries that they make and the options that they have in their community.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“These three issues around affordability may be more pronounced among the Latino communities and for Latina women because of where they live, because of the kinds of jobs that they have, the kinds of salaries that they make and the options that they have in their community.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Fertility is a delicate subject that I’ve learned requires care when talking about. It might be commonplace for elders to lecture younger generations on having babies, but those conversations can trigger sadness, shame and despair. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Fertility is a delicate subject that I’ve learned requires care when talking about. It might be commonplace for elders to lecture younger generations on having babies, but those conversations can trigger sadness, shame and despair. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12024749\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Students and supporters rally in response to the mass deportations ordered by the Trump administration at Sproul Plaza on the University of California, Berkeley campus on Wednesday, Jan. 29, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12024749\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Students and supporters rally in response to the mass deportations ordered by the Trump administration at Sproul Plaza on the University of California, Berkeley campus on Wednesday, Jan. 29, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Motherhood seemed like a normal path to take if I were to ever meet my person, but it also seemed hard, scary, expensive, and consuming,” writes Johanna Ferreira, a Latina journalist, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.popsugar.com/health/latinas-egg-freezing-fertility-access-49453001\">an article about freezing her eggs\u003c/a> at age 39 for PopSugar Juntos. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Motherhood seemed like a normal path to take if I were to ever meet my person, but it also seemed hard, scary, expensive, and consuming,” writes Johanna Ferreira, a Latina journalist, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.popsugar.com/health/latinas-egg-freezing-fertility-access-49453001\">an article about freezing her eggs\u003c/a> at age 39 for PopSugar Juntos. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>She recalled being told repeatedly that “Latinas are naturally fertile” and just being a Latina meant she’d have no issues conceiving a baby if she ever wanted to. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>She recalled being told repeatedly that “Latinas are naturally fertile” and just being a Latina meant she’d have no issues conceiving a baby if she ever wanted to. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Those myths obscure the reality that Latines experience infertility, and even when people do have children, raising them is increasingly more challenging. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Those myths obscure the reality that Latines experience infertility, and even when people do have children, raising them is increasingly more challenging. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>I was 32 when my husband and I got engaged. The conversations turned into, “Congrats! Now, when are you going to have a baby?” And, of course, the demands only intensify as soon as you have one child. “When is the next one coming?” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>These brief questions and answers belie the complexity of all the decisions and feelings that go into becoming a parent. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Amid all the challenges of having and raising children, I would hope to see that Latine pro-family cultural norms would strengthen families. \u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported for K Onda KQED, a monthly newsletter focused on the Bay Area’s Latinx community. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/newsletters/k-onda\">\u003cem>Click here to subscribe.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On a recent visit to my hometown, a close friend who got married last year came over while one of my tías had also stopped by. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As we sat around the kitchen table, my tía turned to my friend and asked, “When are you going to have a baby?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>My friend laughed and said, “You sound just like my mom!” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The decision to have children is a deeply personal one, and yet, for much of my adult life, I experienced these pushy, intrusive exchanges with my mom, tías and adults older than me, who seemed to think that telling me to have children was their mandate. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12078178\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/BirthrightCitizenshipGetty1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A mother looking out the window while holding the baby in her arms. (Rawl Stock/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While those conversations are cringey, they also align with the family-oriented, pro-baby, if you will, aspects of Latino culture.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data proves that to be the case: Latinas have more children than women from any other demographic group and have been pulling up the U.S. birthrate for decades, according to research organization Child Trends. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>So, while conservative women such as Erika Kirk tell mostly white young women to have “babies you can’t afford,” I find myself thinking, “Excuse me, \u003ca href=\"https://www.childtrends.org/publications/nearly-half-hispanic-children-families-low-incomes\">Latine\u003c/a> families have been doing that forever! And we don’t get credit for it.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I started thinking about birth rates after learning that the U.S. population is now growing much more slowly. And how the Trump administration’s crackdown on immigration enforcement, which has largely targeted Latinos, and its unsuccessful attempt to strike down birthright citizenship, could worsen the problem. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2197914000-scaled-e1740613370625.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12026832\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A protester waves the national flags of Mexico during a demonstration for immigrants’ rights outside of Los Angeles City Hall on Feb. 5, 2025. (Qian Weizhong/VCG via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I’ve been hearing about a Latino boom that would eventually lead to the entire country where white people were no longer the majority. This happened in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2014/01/24/in-2014-latinos-will-surpass-whites-as-largest-racialethnic-group-in-california/\">California in 2014 when Latinos became the largest demographic group\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Demographics are destiny,” experts were often quoted as saying. For years, I thought growth would equate to “strength in numbers” for Latinos, allowing us to achieve socioeconomic parity with white people. That hasn’t happened.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Pew Research \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/10/22/key-facts-about-us-latinos/#latinos-have-played-a-major-role-in-u-s-population-growth\">reported last fall\u003c/a> that Latino immigrants and their children contributed significantly to U.S. population growth and “made up 20% of people in the U.S. in 2024, up from 13% in 2000 and just 5% in 1970.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The nation’s population grew by 58.7 million people from 2000 to 2024, and Hispanics accounted for 56% of this increase — a greater share than any other racial or ethnic group,” Pew reported.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>And now, with the Trump administration’s crackdown on all immigration, projections for Latine growth could change. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Hispanics were projected to reach 111.2 million or 27.5% of the total U.S. population by 2060, up from 57.4 million or 17.8% in 2016, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2020/demo/p25-1144.pdf\">U.S. Census report from 2020\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Trump’s deportation machine, which has largely targeted Latinos, has already led to up to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2026/01/20/dhs-sets-stage-another-historic-record-breaking-year-under-president-trump\">estimated 3 million people leaving the country, according to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s too early to tell” how Trump’s immigration enforcement will alter the Latino population, said Lina Guzman, chief strategy officer at Child Trends and director of its Hispanic Institute.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Part of it’s going to depend on who’s getting deported, the volume or number of people that are being deported,” she said, but impacts are already being felt. “Deportation efforts are impacting access to services. For example, access to doctors, including contraceptive services or prenatal care.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In California, Latino babies account for about half of all babies, compared with a quarter of all babies nationwide. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>More than 90% of Latino children are U.S. citizens, so it’s really future generations that hold the key to population growth, Guzman said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1587\" height=\"1588\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12094642\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman.jpg 1587w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/Lina_Guzman-600x600.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1587px) 100vw, 1587px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Lina Guzman, chief strategy officer at research organization Child Trends and director of its Hispanic Institute, said birth rates are going down for all demographic groups, but the rate has fallen fastest among Latinas. (Courtesy of Child Trends)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Trump’s deportation campaign is “also having a general chilling effect on Latino communities overall, including among those that are U.S. born citizens,” she told me. “It very much could impact a desire to have children when that time comes for them to have a child or to have another child.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Overall U.S. birth rates have been in decline for decades, Guzman said, but “what’s been different in particular over more recent years and really since the turn of the century is that the decline in the fertility rates has been the steepest among Latina women,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It turns out that Latines are just as susceptible to the conditions that are making parenthood more out of reach for everyone: the high cost of raising a child, financial uncertainty, lack of access to affordable childcare and lack of paid parental leave.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The demographic profile of who gives birth is also changing, Guzman told me. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/04/09/nx-s1-5777587/teen-birth-rates-hit-another-historical-low-2025-cdc\">Teen pregnancy fell \u003c/a>by about 80% from 1991 to 2025. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Women are choosing to have children later in life, but the data shows that earning degrees and working make women less likely to have children.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>That seems like a contradiction given that for many would-be parents, financial stability is a precursor to having children. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Guzman said affordability often hinges on three key expenses: the cost of childcare, housing and healthcare. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“These three issues around affordability may be more pronounced among the Latino communities and for Latina women because of where they live, because of the kinds of jobs that they have, the kinds of salaries that they make and the options that they have in their community.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Fertility is a delicate subject that I’ve learned requires care when talking about. It might be commonplace for elders to lecture younger generations on having babies, but those conversations can trigger sadness, shame and despair. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12024749\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-26-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Students and supporters rally in response to the mass deportations ordered by the Trump administration at Sproul Plaza on the University of California, Berkeley campus on Wednesday, Jan. 29, 2025. (Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Motherhood seemed like a normal path to take if I were to ever meet my person, but it also seemed hard, scary, expensive, and consuming,” writes Johanna Ferreira, a Latina journalist, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.popsugar.com/health/latinas-egg-freezing-fertility-access-49453001\">an article about freezing her eggs\u003c/a> at age 39 for PopSugar Juntos. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She recalled being told repeatedly that “Latinas are naturally fertile” and just being a Latina meant she’d have no issues conceiving a baby if she ever wanted to. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Those myths obscure the reality that Latines experience infertility, and even when people do have children, raising them is increasingly more challenging. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As soon as I finished college and started working, I started heeding lots of pressure from elders to get married — advice I mostly brushed off. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I was 32 when my husband and I got engaged. The conversations turned into, “Congrats! Now, when are you going to have a baby?” And, of course, the demands only intensify as soon as you have one child. “When is the next one coming?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Now, as a mom of two in my mid-40s, I’m regularly asked about a third one. My response: two is enough.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/KOnda_BlancaTorresyFamilia1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12094633\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/KOnda_BlancaTorresyFamilia1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/KOnda_BlancaTorresyFamilia1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/08/KOnda_BlancaTorresyFamilia1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Blanca Torres flanked by her two children in 2024. (Courtesy of Fabiola Sway)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>These brief questions and answers belie the complexity of all the decisions and feelings that go into becoming a parent. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Amid all the challenges of having and raising children, I would hope to see that Latine pro-family cultural norms would strengthen families. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I would like to see the conversation move forward; not asking when children are coming, but instead asking, “What can I do to support your decision to have or not have children?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"headTitle": "A California University Is Cutting Ties With US Border Patrol After Student Outcry | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> public university cut ties with a federal program that paid for campus police to aid Border Patrol, within weeks of CalMatters revealing the decade-long partnership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operation Stonegarden, a grant managed by the Department of Homeland Security, allocates an average of $11 million each year for California law enforcement agencies to work with U.S. Customs and Border Protection and its subagency Border Patrol on border security missions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of police forces throughout the state receive the grant, including campus police at UC San Diego, a recipient since around 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 10, a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2026/02/uc-san-diego-homeland-security-border-patrol/\">CalMatters article\u003c/a> explained how UC San Diego police used the grant to patrol sections of the coastline near campus, which quickly set off an uproar among students who felt it placed undocumented and international students at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By Feb. 26, after students emailed complaints and threatened to hold a public rally, student Aryan Dixit said the campus police chief, Lamine Secka, agreed to leave the grant program in a one-on-one meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011934\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12011934\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The heavily fortified U.S.-Mexico border fence ends in the Pacific Ocean between the Playas de Tijuana neighborhood and Border Field State Park in San Diego, Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Melinda Battenberg, a spokesperson at UC San Diego, declined to confirm whether campus police left the grant program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, internal \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZBMvcgRwHqnD-1ywkx0Ta4hOUxDvAYfS/view?usp=sharing\">emails\u003c/a> sent in March from a university vice chancellor, Niraj Dangoria, to Patrick Velasquez, a retired university employee and Chicano education advocacy leader, that were reviewed by CalMatters additionally confirmed that the college intended to cease using the grant and has no plans to reapply in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Lt. Michael Gonzales of the San Diego County Sheriff’s Office, which manages Stonegarden-funded operations in the San Diego area, told CalMatters the university will not be involved in future grant operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Concern quickly spread\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Daniel Negrete, a fourth-year business economics student at UC San Diego, said he found it “crazy” his campus maintained a working relationship with Border Patrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the news broke, there was a lot of on-campus concern, he added. Students at a Feb. 18 anti-ICE walkout criticized the university’s relationship with Homeland Security, according to UC San Diego’s student newspaper, \u003ca href=\"https://ucsdguardian.org/2026/02/23/ucsd-students-walk-out-against-ice/#:~:text=Speakers%20at%20the%20walkout%20also%20criticized%20the%20University%E2%80%99s%20collaboration%20with%20immigration%20enforcement.%C2%A0\">The Guardian.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was… shocked that the university was letting this happen,” Negrete said. “There’s no way that at least someone in higher administration wasn’t aware of this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074482\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074482\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2262729717-scaled-e1773182284895.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump speaks during a press briefing at the White House on Feb. 20, 2026, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Chen Mengtong/China News Service/VCG via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_gpd_homeland-security-grant-program-nofo_fy2025.pdf#page=22\">2025 grant document\u003c/a>, Operation Stonegarden enhances collaboration between federal and local law enforcement to secure borders. The program also promotes information sharing, including through regular \u003ca href=\"https://oceanside.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14852095&GUID=4B35AB5F-D1E2-401E-87DD-97E1895C8257#page=5\">meetings\u003c/a> and mandatory reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since its 2006 founding, the grant has raised concerns about privacy and adherence to California’s \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\">sanctuary law.\u003c/a> The Electronic Frontier Foundation, a privacy advocacy group, asked President Donald Trump to end Stonegarden in a 2025 \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/files/2025/01/30/2025_transition_memo.pdf#page=12\">memo,\u003c/a> adding that surveillance technology companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.pelco.com/blog/operation-stonegarden#how-can-you-use-operation-stonegarden-funds\">encourage police to join the program\u003c/a> to get them to buy their products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patrick Dobbins, a UC San Diego police sergeant and the university’s designated Stonegarden coordinator, told CalMatters in November 2025 that the university used the grant to pay for officers to work overtime on border patrols. He added that the grant was used to promote health and safety.[aside postID=news_12093093 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260729-SJICERALLY-JG-7_qed.jpg']Every year since \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20200501091247/https://www.fema.gov/media-library-data/1583442273016-07cbcf9445f9fda3cdc5bf8439ec72c9/FY_2020_HSGP_NOFO_FINAL_508ML4.pdf\">2020,\u003c/a> Homeland Security requested grant recipients to prioritize \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/identify-and-arrest/287g\">training officers\u003c/a> as immigration agents, though that is illegal in California under the sanctuary law. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/grants/preparedness/homeland-security/fy-25-nofo#:~:text=F.%20OPSG,SHSP%20and%20UASI.\">2025\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_gpd_hsgp-nofo-fy2026.pdf#page=24\">2026,\u003c/a> became the grant’s overall emphasis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dangoria wrote in a March email to Velasquez that the university’s Stonegarden funds are used “for operations focused on drug and human trafficking and not immigration enforcement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Negrete said he was bothered by a 2025 Office of Inspector General audit that found \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2025-06/OIG-25-26-Jun25.pdf#page=8\">only 15%\u003c/a> of Stonegarden funds are used for drug enforcement and that, according to Homeland Security, drug interdiction is “incidental” to Stonegarden operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The position that this is an innocent program and simply taking drugs off the streets is not true,” Negrete said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Riverside County, most traffic stops carried out for Stonegarden in \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/DARs_OPSG_San_Diego_11.1.23-3.14.24.pdf\">2023\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/RSO_DARS_2024-03-14_to_2024-10-15-1.pdf\">2024\u003c/a> by county sheriff’s officers resulted in “intel development” even when, as in most cases, no drugs were seized and no crime was committed. The sheriff’s department disclosed activity reports to CalMatters through public record requests, though other police agencies refused to provide the reports, stating that they are \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2026/02/uc-san-diego-homeland-security-border-patrol/#:~:text=Multiple%20police%20departments%20told%20CalMatters%20that%2C%20though%20they%20still%20have%20access%20to%20see%20the%20reports%2C%20they%20cannot%20provide%20them%20through%20public%20record%20requests%2C%20as%20the%20reports%20become%20federal%20property%20once%20entered%20into%20the%20Homeland%20Security%20Information%20Network.\">federal property.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Battenberg said UC San Diego police can view but not access reports once they are submitted to Homeland Security, and did not answer whether UC San Diego could disclose its reports through record requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Campus advocacy response\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 17, Dixit contacted Secka, the campus police chief, by email, requesting to schedule a meeting regarding “critical student concerns” about campus police utilizing Homeland Security grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, Dixit, an economics and cognitive science student, served in student government as the 2025-26 associate vice president of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion, and was the president of the \u003ca href=\"https://sclusd.org/\">Students’ Civil Liberties Union,\u003c/a> a nonprofit organization encouraging youth advocacy. Dixit copied Assistant Chief Frank Johnson and the police department’s general administrative contact on the email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dixit received no response, he told CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12093513\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12093513\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1.jpeg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1-2000x1334.jpeg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1-2048x1366.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The UC San Diego Police Department building at UC San Diego on Feb. 4, 2026. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 24, the Students’ Civil Liberties Union teamed up with the \u003ca href=\"https://elliscollective.org/\">Ellis Collective,\u003c/a> a research group directed by Negrete, and announced a \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVK2UXTlHNU/\">rally\u003c/a> scheduled for Feb. 26 to protest campus police getting money from the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the announcement, Dixit said, Secka agreed to meet with him for a one-on-one discussion a day before the protest. The two debated various issues to find places of compromise, and Secka told Dixit that the UC San Diego Police Department would halt participation in Stonegarden and not re-apply for it the next year, Dixit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secka did not respond to repeated interview requests from CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On \u003ca href=\"https://ucsdguardian.org/2026/03/02/students-rally-against-ucsdpds-participation-in-dhs-program/\">Feb. 26,\u003c/a> about 100 students attended the demonstration, and speakers condemned the university’s long-standing practice of working with federal immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego State University police received \u003ca href=\"http://cams.ocgov.com/Web_Publisher_Sam/Agenda09_30_2014_files/images/O00214-001398A.PDF\">2013 Stonegarden funding\u003c/a> while Secka was the \u003ca href=\"http://cams.ocgov.com/Web_Publisher_Sam/Agenda09_30_2014_files/images/O00214-001398A.PDF#page=13\">interim police chief there.\u003c/a> That university is not listed in any available funding documents more recent than that. Amanda Stills, a public information officer for San Diego State’s police department, said the funds supported drug interdiction efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Statewide funding increases\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Other agencies continue to collaborate with Homeland Security, which increased California’s Stonegarden allotment from\u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_gpd_homeland-security-grant-program-nofo_fy2025.pdf#page=57\"> $12.1 million\u003c/a> in 2025 to $13.4 million for 2026, per a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_gpd_hsgp-nofo-fy2026_0.pdf#page=75\">grant document.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of 2025, sheriff’s departments from 11 counties receive funding, including Riverside, Los Angeles, San Diego, Orange, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Monterey, San Mateo, San Bernardino and Imperial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of smaller police agencies have joined in as well, alongside \u003ca href=\"https://oceanside.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14852095&GUID=4B35AB5F-D1E2-401E-87DD-97E1895C8257\">state agencies\u003c/a> like the Department of Fish and Wildlife and Department of Parks and Recreation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12080718\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12080718\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/032026-Chad-Bianco-GETTY-CM.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/032026-Chad-Bianco-GETTY-CM.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/032026-Chad-Bianco-GETTY-CM-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Riverside County Sheriff Chad Bianco speaks during a news conference on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Anjali Sharif-Paul/The Sun via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Fiscal Year 2024, the Los Angeles Interagency Metropolitan Police Apprehension Crime Task Force — known as L.A. IMPACT — \u003ca href=\"https://costamesa.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14826607&GUID=E6601C50-2002-4E62-9EC1-D1612E35D48B\">joined Stonegarden.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force investigates major crimes, especially involving narcotics, and possesses some of the state’s most extensive surveillance resources, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/bi/laimpact\">Attorney General’s office.\u003c/a> It’s comprised of about 75 sworn officers from 48 local and state police agencies, a full list of which has not been made public previously.\u003cnoscript>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/VvuqN/full.png\" alt=\"What agencies contribute to L.A. IMPACT? (Table)\">\u003c/noscript>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Burke, L.A. IMPACT’s executive director, told CalMatters that the task force’s Stonegarden activities are limited to drug trafficking investigations in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Community weighed in\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>UC San Diego police had not released any public statements about the grant by March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So on March 2, a local coalition of educators called the \u003ca href=\"https://sdclchighered.org/\">San Diego Chicano/Latino Concilio on Higher Education,\u003c/a> which advocates for Latino student success, pressed UC San Diego Chancellor Pradeep Khosla directly in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Velasquez, the coalition’s co-chair, argued that Stonegarden distracts police from campus safety and promotes surveillance by authorizing purchases of \u003ca href=\"http://cams.ocgov.com/Web_Publisher_SAM/Agenda11_17_2020_files/images/O00220-000903A.PDF#page=49\">search cameras\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://media.rivcocob.org/proceeds/2023/p2023_07_18_files/03.25001.pdf#page=37\">data-collecting devices.\u003c/a> He also noted that Dobbins told CalMatters campus officers do not enforce immigration law, but use the patrols to search for migrants that cross the border on panga boats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12093526\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12093526\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/GettyImages-661610888.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/GettyImages-661610888.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/GettyImages-661610888-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/GettyImages-661610888-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">University Of California, San Diego, Geisel Library, in La Jolla, California. \u003ccite>(Education Images/Citizens of the Planet/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Also unsettling, Velasquez told the chancellor, is that civilians cannot obtain information about Stonegarden from local police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, Velasquez argued, since a 2025 \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1c3MTTKkTeI_vXtHLPiQPUZ4FkJLyY47O/view?usp=sharing\">grant document\u003c/a> from Imperial County encourages police to apprehend all “criminal aliens” suspected of violating immigration law, Latino students might be targeted on the basis of their appearance or language spoken. The coalition demanded the university leave the program, Velasquez wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dangoria, the vice chancellor, confirmed in a March 4 emailed response to Velasquez, reviewed by CalMatters, that university police would not reapply for the grant, also stating that campus police have followed a decade-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/sites/default/files/Statement-of-Principles-in-Support-of-Undocumented-Members-of-UC.pdf\">UC policy\u003c/a> barring campus police from working with ICE or detaining people based on suspected undocumented immigration status.[aside postID=news_12092703 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-15-MC-KQED_1.jpg']In the 2025 interview, Dobbins told CalMatters that UC San Diego had participated in Operation Stonegarden every year since about 2012. Dangoria stated in her email that university police have not participated in Stonegarden activities since 2024, which the university’s Communications team affirmed. \u003ca href=\"https://oceanside.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14852095&GUID=4B35AB5F-D1E2-401E-87DD-97E1895C8257#page=2\">The 2024 funding agreement\u003c/a> states operations would last from April 2025 to February 2027.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dangoria wrote in another message to Velasquez on March 11 that the police department might apply for other Homeland Security grants not related to immigration enforcement, “as DHS oversees many federal agencies, including the Federal Emergency Management Agency.” Stonegarden is \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/grants/preparedness/homeland-security\">run by FEMA.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to reiterate that UC San Diego is deeply committed to cultivating and maintaining a campus environment that is safe and welcoming for all members of our community, regardless of immigration status,” Dangoria wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phoebe Huss is a contributor with the College Journalism Network, a collaboration between CalMatters and student journalists from across California. CalMatters higher education coverage is supported by a grant from the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2026/07/uc-san-diego-homeland-security-border-patrol-students-protest/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> public university cut ties with a federal program that paid for campus police to aid Border Patrol, within weeks of CalMatters revealing the decade-long partnership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operation Stonegarden, a grant managed by the Department of Homeland Security, allocates an average of $11 million each year for California law enforcement agencies to work with U.S. Customs and Border Protection and its subagency Border Patrol on border security missions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of police forces throughout the state receive the grant, including campus police at UC San Diego, a recipient since around 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 10, a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2026/02/uc-san-diego-homeland-security-border-patrol/\">CalMatters article\u003c/a> explained how UC San Diego police used the grant to patrol sections of the coastline near campus, which quickly set off an uproar among students who felt it placed undocumented and international students at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By Feb. 26, after students emailed complaints and threatened to hold a public rally, student Aryan Dixit said the campus police chief, Lamine Secka, agreed to leave the grant program in a one-on-one meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011934\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12011934\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The heavily fortified U.S.-Mexico border fence ends in the Pacific Ocean between the Playas de Tijuana neighborhood and Border Field State Park in San Diego, Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Melinda Battenberg, a spokesperson at UC San Diego, declined to confirm whether campus police left the grant program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, internal \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZBMvcgRwHqnD-1ywkx0Ta4hOUxDvAYfS/view?usp=sharing\">emails\u003c/a> sent in March from a university vice chancellor, Niraj Dangoria, to Patrick Velasquez, a retired university employee and Chicano education advocacy leader, that were reviewed by CalMatters additionally confirmed that the college intended to cease using the grant and has no plans to reapply in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Lt. Michael Gonzales of the San Diego County Sheriff’s Office, which manages Stonegarden-funded operations in the San Diego area, told CalMatters the university will not be involved in future grant operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Concern quickly spread\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Daniel Negrete, a fourth-year business economics student at UC San Diego, said he found it “crazy” his campus maintained a working relationship with Border Patrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the news broke, there was a lot of on-campus concern, he added. Students at a Feb. 18 anti-ICE walkout criticized the university’s relationship with Homeland Security, according to UC San Diego’s student newspaper, \u003ca href=\"https://ucsdguardian.org/2026/02/23/ucsd-students-walk-out-against-ice/#:~:text=Speakers%20at%20the%20walkout%20also%20criticized%20the%20University%E2%80%99s%20collaboration%20with%20immigration%20enforcement.%C2%A0\">The Guardian.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was… shocked that the university was letting this happen,” Negrete said. “There’s no way that at least someone in higher administration wasn’t aware of this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074482\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074482\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2262729717-scaled-e1773182284895.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump speaks during a press briefing at the White House on Feb. 20, 2026, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Chen Mengtong/China News Service/VCG via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_gpd_homeland-security-grant-program-nofo_fy2025.pdf#page=22\">2025 grant document\u003c/a>, Operation Stonegarden enhances collaboration between federal and local law enforcement to secure borders. The program also promotes information sharing, including through regular \u003ca href=\"https://oceanside.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14852095&GUID=4B35AB5F-D1E2-401E-87DD-97E1895C8257#page=5\">meetings\u003c/a> and mandatory reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since its 2006 founding, the grant has raised concerns about privacy and adherence to California’s \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\">sanctuary law.\u003c/a> The Electronic Frontier Foundation, a privacy advocacy group, asked President Donald Trump to end Stonegarden in a 2025 \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/files/2025/01/30/2025_transition_memo.pdf#page=12\">memo,\u003c/a> adding that surveillance technology companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.pelco.com/blog/operation-stonegarden#how-can-you-use-operation-stonegarden-funds\">encourage police to join the program\u003c/a> to get them to buy their products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patrick Dobbins, a UC San Diego police sergeant and the university’s designated Stonegarden coordinator, told CalMatters in November 2025 that the university used the grant to pay for officers to work overtime on border patrols. He added that the grant was used to promote health and safety.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Every year since \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20200501091247/https://www.fema.gov/media-library-data/1583442273016-07cbcf9445f9fda3cdc5bf8439ec72c9/FY_2020_HSGP_NOFO_FINAL_508ML4.pdf\">2020,\u003c/a> Homeland Security requested grant recipients to prioritize \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/identify-and-arrest/287g\">training officers\u003c/a> as immigration agents, though that is illegal in California under the sanctuary law. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/grants/preparedness/homeland-security/fy-25-nofo#:~:text=F.%20OPSG,SHSP%20and%20UASI.\">2025\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_gpd_hsgp-nofo-fy2026.pdf#page=24\">2026,\u003c/a> became the grant’s overall emphasis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dangoria wrote in a March email to Velasquez that the university’s Stonegarden funds are used “for operations focused on drug and human trafficking and not immigration enforcement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Negrete said he was bothered by a 2025 Office of Inspector General audit that found \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2025-06/OIG-25-26-Jun25.pdf#page=8\">only 15%\u003c/a> of Stonegarden funds are used for drug enforcement and that, according to Homeland Security, drug interdiction is “incidental” to Stonegarden operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The position that this is an innocent program and simply taking drugs off the streets is not true,” Negrete said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Riverside County, most traffic stops carried out for Stonegarden in \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/DARs_OPSG_San_Diego_11.1.23-3.14.24.pdf\">2023\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/RSO_DARS_2024-03-14_to_2024-10-15-1.pdf\">2024\u003c/a> by county sheriff’s officers resulted in “intel development” even when, as in most cases, no drugs were seized and no crime was committed. The sheriff’s department disclosed activity reports to CalMatters through public record requests, though other police agencies refused to provide the reports, stating that they are \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2026/02/uc-san-diego-homeland-security-border-patrol/#:~:text=Multiple%20police%20departments%20told%20CalMatters%20that%2C%20though%20they%20still%20have%20access%20to%20see%20the%20reports%2C%20they%20cannot%20provide%20them%20through%20public%20record%20requests%2C%20as%20the%20reports%20become%20federal%20property%20once%20entered%20into%20the%20Homeland%20Security%20Information%20Network.\">federal property.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Battenberg said UC San Diego police can view but not access reports once they are submitted to Homeland Security, and did not answer whether UC San Diego could disclose its reports through record requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Campus advocacy response\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 17, Dixit contacted Secka, the campus police chief, by email, requesting to schedule a meeting regarding “critical student concerns” about campus police utilizing Homeland Security grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, Dixit, an economics and cognitive science student, served in student government as the 2025-26 associate vice president of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion, and was the president of the \u003ca href=\"https://sclusd.org/\">Students’ Civil Liberties Union,\u003c/a> a nonprofit organization encouraging youth advocacy. Dixit copied Assistant Chief Frank Johnson and the police department’s general administrative contact on the email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dixit received no response, he told CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12093513\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12093513\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1.jpeg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1-2000x1334.jpeg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/020426_UCSD-Police_AH_CM_06-scaled-1-2048x1366.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The UC San Diego Police Department building at UC San Diego on Feb. 4, 2026. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 24, the Students’ Civil Liberties Union teamed up with the \u003ca href=\"https://elliscollective.org/\">Ellis Collective,\u003c/a> a research group directed by Negrete, and announced a \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVK2UXTlHNU/\">rally\u003c/a> scheduled for Feb. 26 to protest campus police getting money from the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the announcement, Dixit said, Secka agreed to meet with him for a one-on-one discussion a day before the protest. The two debated various issues to find places of compromise, and Secka told Dixit that the UC San Diego Police Department would halt participation in Stonegarden and not re-apply for it the next year, Dixit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secka did not respond to repeated interview requests from CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On \u003ca href=\"https://ucsdguardian.org/2026/03/02/students-rally-against-ucsdpds-participation-in-dhs-program/\">Feb. 26,\u003c/a> about 100 students attended the demonstration, and speakers condemned the university’s long-standing practice of working with federal immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego State University police received \u003ca href=\"http://cams.ocgov.com/Web_Publisher_Sam/Agenda09_30_2014_files/images/O00214-001398A.PDF\">2013 Stonegarden funding\u003c/a> while Secka was the \u003ca href=\"http://cams.ocgov.com/Web_Publisher_Sam/Agenda09_30_2014_files/images/O00214-001398A.PDF#page=13\">interim police chief there.\u003c/a> That university is not listed in any available funding documents more recent than that. Amanda Stills, a public information officer for San Diego State’s police department, said the funds supported drug interdiction efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Statewide funding increases\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Other agencies continue to collaborate with Homeland Security, which increased California’s Stonegarden allotment from\u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_gpd_homeland-security-grant-program-nofo_fy2025.pdf#page=57\"> $12.1 million\u003c/a> in 2025 to $13.4 million for 2026, per a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_gpd_hsgp-nofo-fy2026_0.pdf#page=75\">grant document.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of 2025, sheriff’s departments from 11 counties receive funding, including Riverside, Los Angeles, San Diego, Orange, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Monterey, San Mateo, San Bernardino and Imperial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of smaller police agencies have joined in as well, alongside \u003ca href=\"https://oceanside.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14852095&GUID=4B35AB5F-D1E2-401E-87DD-97E1895C8257\">state agencies\u003c/a> like the Department of Fish and Wildlife and Department of Parks and Recreation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12080718\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12080718\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/032026-Chad-Bianco-GETTY-CM.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/032026-Chad-Bianco-GETTY-CM.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/032026-Chad-Bianco-GETTY-CM-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Riverside County Sheriff Chad Bianco speaks during a news conference on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Anjali Sharif-Paul/The Sun via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Fiscal Year 2024, the Los Angeles Interagency Metropolitan Police Apprehension Crime Task Force — known as L.A. IMPACT — \u003ca href=\"https://costamesa.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14826607&GUID=E6601C50-2002-4E62-9EC1-D1612E35D48B\">joined Stonegarden.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force investigates major crimes, especially involving narcotics, and possesses some of the state’s most extensive surveillance resources, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/bi/laimpact\">Attorney General’s office.\u003c/a> It’s comprised of about 75 sworn officers from 48 local and state police agencies, a full list of which has not been made public previously.\u003cnoscript>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/VvuqN/full.png\" alt=\"What agencies contribute to L.A. IMPACT? (Table)\">\u003c/noscript>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Burke, L.A. IMPACT’s executive director, told CalMatters that the task force’s Stonegarden activities are limited to drug trafficking investigations in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Community weighed in\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>UC San Diego police had not released any public statements about the grant by March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So on March 2, a local coalition of educators called the \u003ca href=\"https://sdclchighered.org/\">San Diego Chicano/Latino Concilio on Higher Education,\u003c/a> which advocates for Latino student success, pressed UC San Diego Chancellor Pradeep Khosla directly in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Velasquez, the coalition’s co-chair, argued that Stonegarden distracts police from campus safety and promotes surveillance by authorizing purchases of \u003ca href=\"http://cams.ocgov.com/Web_Publisher_SAM/Agenda11_17_2020_files/images/O00220-000903A.PDF#page=49\">search cameras\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://media.rivcocob.org/proceeds/2023/p2023_07_18_files/03.25001.pdf#page=37\">data-collecting devices.\u003c/a> He also noted that Dobbins told CalMatters campus officers do not enforce immigration law, but use the patrols to search for migrants that cross the border on panga boats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12093526\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12093526\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/GettyImages-661610888.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/GettyImages-661610888.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/GettyImages-661610888-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/GettyImages-661610888-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">University Of California, San Diego, Geisel Library, in La Jolla, California. \u003ccite>(Education Images/Citizens of the Planet/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Also unsettling, Velasquez told the chancellor, is that civilians cannot obtain information about Stonegarden from local police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, Velasquez argued, since a 2025 \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1c3MTTKkTeI_vXtHLPiQPUZ4FkJLyY47O/view?usp=sharing\">grant document\u003c/a> from Imperial County encourages police to apprehend all “criminal aliens” suspected of violating immigration law, Latino students might be targeted on the basis of their appearance or language spoken. The coalition demanded the university leave the program, Velasquez wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dangoria, the vice chancellor, confirmed in a March 4 emailed response to Velasquez, reviewed by CalMatters, that university police would not reapply for the grant, also stating that campus police have followed a decade-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/sites/default/files/Statement-of-Principles-in-Support-of-Undocumented-Members-of-UC.pdf\">UC policy\u003c/a> barring campus police from working with ICE or detaining people based on suspected undocumented immigration status.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In the 2025 interview, Dobbins told CalMatters that UC San Diego had participated in Operation Stonegarden every year since about 2012. Dangoria stated in her email that university police have not participated in Stonegarden activities since 2024, which the university’s Communications team affirmed. \u003ca href=\"https://oceanside.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14852095&GUID=4B35AB5F-D1E2-401E-87DD-97E1895C8257#page=2\">The 2024 funding agreement\u003c/a> states operations would last from April 2025 to February 2027.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dangoria wrote in another message to Velasquez on March 11 that the police department might apply for other Homeland Security grants not related to immigration enforcement, “as DHS oversees many federal agencies, including the Federal Emergency Management Agency.” Stonegarden is \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/grants/preparedness/homeland-security\">run by FEMA.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to reiterate that UC San Diego is deeply committed to cultivating and maintaining a campus environment that is safe and welcoming for all members of our community, regardless of immigration status,” Dangoria wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Phoebe Huss is a contributor with the College Journalism Network, a collaboration between CalMatters and student journalists from across California. CalMatters higher education coverage is supported by a grant from the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/2026/07/uc-san-diego-homeland-security-border-patrol-students-protest/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A Japanese American-led coalition of residents, elected officials and faith leaders is speaking out against the Trump administration’s deadly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12083908/6-people-have-died-in-california-ice-detention-centers-as-trump-deportations-soared\">immigration enforcement campaign\u003c/a> and opposing a planned Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090807/ice-will-pause-construction-on-controversial-south-bay-detention-facility\">detention facility\u003c/a> in Santa Clara County. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Members of the group said Wednesday the actions against immigrants and their families playing out in the nation today reflect the racist, white supremacist and unjust policies of the past, including when Japanese Americans were incarcerated based on their race during World War II. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When you see your government begin to sort human beings into categories of who deserves rights and who doesn’t, who gets due process and who doesn’t, you do not stay quiet,” Rev. John Oda of the Wesley United Methodist Church said at a rally in San José’s Japantown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260729-SJICERALLY-JG-2_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093195\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260729-SJICERALLY-JG-2_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260729-SJICERALLY-JG-2_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260729-SJICERALLY-JG-2_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Advocates hold signs during a rally held in San José’s Japantown opposing a planned ICE facility in Santa Clara County on July 29, 2026. (Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>His uncle fought and died for the United States during the war, while his family was locked away at the Heart Mountain American concentration camp in Wyoming, Oda said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“You especially do not stay quiet when you have been taught via painful history exactly where that road leads,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Hayase helped advance the movement for redress and reparations for Japanese Americans in the 1970s and 1980s, and co-founded San José Nikkei Resisters, a social justice organization. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“One of the things that former incarcerees like my parents’ generation and older told us is that they wanted to make sure that it would never happen to anybody else. And we took that as kind of a mission statement, kind of a command that was so important to us,” Hayase said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>That history is a driving force behind the group’s demand to stop the ICE office and detention facility being planned and built in South Santa Clara County, just outside Gilroy city limits. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The county and Attorney General Rob Bonta’s office filed a lawsuit against ICE in June aiming to stop the center from advancing, saying it was illegally being developed in secret, skipping over environmental and intergovernmental cooperation laws and regulations.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The federal agency has not offered much detail about its facility, saying earlier this year it was planning an office at the location and that it would support its work in the state and country. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleges the facility at 7240 Holsclaw Road is planned to be nearly 19,000 square feet, and capable of holding roughly 150 people. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During the rally on Wednesday, Hayase said she feels “righteous anger” at what she views as the cruelty being inflicted at mass scale across the nation. Around 400,000 people have been detained by ICE since President Donald Trump began his second term, with widespread reports of poor conditions in detention facilities, more than 50 in-custody deaths and a growing number of fatal shootings in the street by federal agents, she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We hoped that by illuminating our history, we could inspire people to make sure that it never happened again. But today, unfortunately, it’s too late to just say never again. The thing we feared is happening again now,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12060760\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta comments on the Supreme Court’s ruling overturning a federal judge’s limits on “roving patrols,” and enforcement stops by ICE agents in Southern California, during a news conference on Monday, Sept. 8, 2025. (Damian Dovarganes/AP Photo)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The groups were joined by elected officials from local, county, state and federal offices, including Rep. Zoe Lofgren, State Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas, Assemblymembers Ash Kalra and Patrick Ahrens, Santa Clara County Supervisor Betty Duong and San José City Councilmember Anthony Tordillos. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“ICE is out of control. It needs to be rebuilt from top to bottom. We have dangerous, masked, armed men snatching people who’ve lived here for years and disappearing them off the streets,” Lofgren said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“And if that detention center is opened…what it’s going to mean is that those masked, armed, dangerous agents can fan out across Northern California and bring their reign of terror to our communities. We cannot allow that to happen,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In recent court filings, ICE agreed to voluntarily hold off on further construction of the facility as part of a scheduling compromise with attorneys for Santa Clara County and the Attorney General’s office. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The county and the state are also asking a judge for a preliminary injunction to halt the project indefinitely while the long-term litigation plays out. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1308\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/GettyImages-1330932126-scaled-e1643861298742.jpg\" alt=\"A close shot of Zoe Lofgren, a middle-aged white woman with shoulder-length blond hair and glasses, wearing large earrings and a dark blue blazer, speaks into a microphone in front of an American flag.\" class=\"wp-image-11903832\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">U.S. Rep. Zoe Lofgren, D-San José, questions witnesses during a hearing by the House Select Committee investigating the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol on July 27, 2021, at the Cannon House Office Building in Washington, D.C. (Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The federal court hearing addressing the preliminary injunction is set for Sept. 8. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Lofgren expressed hope the lawsuit will prevail, but added that “we need to stand ready to do what else is necessary should those efforts fail.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Hayase said she is very hopeful rallies and community-led actions will make real change, and she hopes others are inspired to take up such work, even if they haven’t been directly affected by the current policies. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Sometimes people get used to bad news. They become calloused. But I think deep down inside, nobody wants violations of human rights to be happening in the United States,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To make this system work, everybody has to participate,” she said. “You have to stand up for your own rights. But if you see somebody else’s rights being violated, you have to participate. And I think people aren’t used to that, but I think they can get used to it.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>That history is a driving force behind the group’s demand to stop the ICE office and detention facility being planned and built in South Santa Clara County, just outside Gilroy city limits. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The county and Attorney General Rob Bonta’s office filed a lawsuit against ICE in June aiming to stop the center from advancing, saying it was illegally being developed in secret, skipping over environmental and intergovernmental cooperation laws and regulations.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The federal agency has not offered much detail about its facility, saying earlier this year it was planning an office at the location and that it would support its work in the state and country. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleges the facility at 7240 Holsclaw Road is planned to be nearly 19,000 square feet, and capable of holding roughly 150 people. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>During the rally on Wednesday, Hayase said she feels “righteous anger” at what she views as the cruelty being inflicted at mass scale across the nation. Around 400,000 people have been detained by ICE since President Donald Trump began his second term, with widespread reports of poor conditions in detention facilities, more than 50 in-custody deaths and a growing number of fatal shootings in the street by federal agents, she said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We hoped that by illuminating our history, we could inspire people to make sure that it never happened again. But today, unfortunately, it’s too late to just say never again. The thing we feared is happening again now,” she said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“ICE is out of control. It needs to be rebuilt from top to bottom. We have dangerous, masked, armed men snatching people who’ve lived here for years and disappearing them off the streets,” Lofgren said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“And if that detention center is opened…what it’s going to mean is that those masked, armed, dangerous agents can fan out across Northern California and bring their reign of terror to our communities. We cannot allow that to happen,” she said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In recent court filings, ICE agreed to voluntarily hold off on further construction of the facility as part of a scheduling compromise with attorneys for Santa Clara County and the Attorney General’s office. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The county and the state are also asking a judge for a preliminary injunction to halt the project indefinitely while the long-term litigation plays out. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Hayase said she is very hopeful rallies and community-led actions will make real change, and she hopes others are inspired to take up such work, even if they haven’t been directly affected by the current policies. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“To make this system work, everybody has to participate,” she said. “You have to stand up for your own rights. But if you see somebody else’s rights being violated, you have to participate. And I think people aren’t used to that, but I think they can get used to it.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Residents, elected officials and faith leaders spoke out against the planned ICE facility in Santa Clara County. ",
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"title": "San José Japantown Coalition Rallies Against ICE Facility in Gilroy | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Japanese American-led coalition of residents, elected officials and faith leaders is speaking out against the Trump administration’s deadly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12083908/6-people-have-died-in-california-ice-detention-centers-as-trump-deportations-soared\">immigration enforcement campaign\u003c/a> and opposing a planned Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090807/ice-will-pause-construction-on-controversial-south-bay-detention-facility\">detention facility\u003c/a> in Santa Clara County. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Members of the group said Wednesday the actions against immigrants and their families playing out in the nation today reflect the racist, white supremacist and unjust policies of the past, including when Japanese Americans were incarcerated based on their race during World War II. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When you see your government begin to sort human beings into categories of who deserves rights and who doesn’t, who gets due process and who doesn’t, you do not stay quiet,” Rev. John Oda of the Wesley United Methodist Church said at a rally in San José’s Japantown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260729-SJICERALLY-JG-2_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093195\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260729-SJICERALLY-JG-2_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260729-SJICERALLY-JG-2_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260729-SJICERALLY-JG-2_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Advocates hold signs during a rally held in San José’s Japantown opposing a planned ICE facility in Santa Clara County on July 29, 2026. (Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>His uncle fought and died for the United States during the war, while his family was locked away at the Heart Mountain American concentration camp in Wyoming, Oda said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“You especially do not stay quiet when you have been taught via painful history exactly where that road leads,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Hayase helped advance the movement for redress and reparations for Japanese Americans in the 1970s and 1980s, and co-founded San José Nikkei Resisters, a social justice organization. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“One of the things that former incarcerees like my parents’ generation and older told us is that they wanted to make sure that it would never happen to anybody else. And we took that as kind of a mission statement, kind of a command that was so important to us,” Hayase said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>That history is a driving force behind the group’s demand to stop the ICE office and detention facility being planned and built in South Santa Clara County, just outside Gilroy city limits. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The county and Attorney General Rob Bonta’s office filed a lawsuit against ICE in June aiming to stop the center from advancing, saying it was illegally being developed in secret, skipping over environmental and intergovernmental cooperation laws and regulations.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The federal agency has not offered much detail about its facility, saying earlier this year it was planning an office at the location and that it would support its work in the state and country. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleges the facility at 7240 Holsclaw Road is planned to be nearly 19,000 square feet, and capable of holding roughly 150 people. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During the rally on Wednesday, Hayase said she feels “righteous anger” at what she views as the cruelty being inflicted at mass scale across the nation. Around 400,000 people have been detained by ICE since President Donald Trump began his second term, with widespread reports of poor conditions in detention facilities, more than 50 in-custody deaths and a growing number of fatal shootings in the street by federal agents, she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We hoped that by illuminating our history, we could inspire people to make sure that it never happened again. But today, unfortunately, it’s too late to just say never again. The thing we feared is happening again now,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12060760\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta comments on the Supreme Court’s ruling overturning a federal judge’s limits on “roving patrols,” and enforcement stops by ICE agents in Southern California, during a news conference on Monday, Sept. 8, 2025. (Damian Dovarganes/AP Photo)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The groups were joined by elected officials from local, county, state and federal offices, including Rep. Zoe Lofgren, State Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas, Assemblymembers Ash Kalra and Patrick Ahrens, Santa Clara County Supervisor Betty Duong and San José City Councilmember Anthony Tordillos. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“ICE is out of control. It needs to be rebuilt from top to bottom. We have dangerous, masked, armed men snatching people who’ve lived here for years and disappearing them off the streets,” Lofgren said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“And if that detention center is opened…what it’s going to mean is that those masked, armed, dangerous agents can fan out across Northern California and bring their reign of terror to our communities. We cannot allow that to happen,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In recent court filings, ICE agreed to voluntarily hold off on further construction of the facility as part of a scheduling compromise with attorneys for Santa Clara County and the Attorney General’s office. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The county and the state are also asking a judge for a preliminary injunction to halt the project indefinitely while the long-term litigation plays out. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1308\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/GettyImages-1330932126-scaled-e1643861298742.jpg\" alt=\"A close shot of Zoe Lofgren, a middle-aged white woman with shoulder-length blond hair and glasses, wearing large earrings and a dark blue blazer, speaks into a microphone in front of an American flag.\" class=\"wp-image-11903832\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">U.S. Rep. Zoe Lofgren, D-San José, questions witnesses during a hearing by the House Select Committee investigating the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol on July 27, 2021, at the Cannon House Office Building in Washington, D.C. (Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The federal court hearing addressing the preliminary injunction is set for Sept. 8. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Lofgren expressed hope the lawsuit will prevail, but added that “we need to stand ready to do what else is necessary should those efforts fail.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Hayase said she is very hopeful rallies and community-led actions will make real change, and she hopes others are inspired to take up such work, even if they haven’t been directly affected by the current policies. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Sometimes people get used to bad news. They become calloused. But I think deep down inside, nobody wants violations of human rights to be happening in the United States,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To make this system work, everybody has to participate,” she said. “You have to stand up for your own rights. But if you see somebody else’s rights being violated, you have to participate. And I think people aren’t used to that, but I think they can get used to it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "bay-area-allies-remember-palestinian-activist-1-year-after-his-death",
"title": "Bay Area Allies Remember Palestinian Activist, 1 Year After His Death",
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"headTitle": "Bay Area Allies Remember Palestinian Activist, 1 Year After His Death | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Activist Avital Raff stood in front of a crowd of mourners gathered at Kehilla Community Synagogue in the East Bay and described her time in the occupied Palestinian territories, with the family of the late \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Ramadan is normally greeted with excitement for the happiest and holiest time of year, but it was greeted this year with dread and despair,” she said Tuesday. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She recalled Al-Hathaleen’s wife, Hanady, telling her that she feared the idea of waking up early for the pre-fast meal alone. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Awdah would normally prepare for Suhoor for her,” Raff said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Raff said she also helped babysit Al-Hathaleen’s three sons. The youngest began to walk in February. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" data-id=\"12093065\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-17-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-17-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-17-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-17-MC-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rev. Michael Yoshii leads mourners in prayer during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" data-id=\"12093062\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-07-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093062\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-07-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-07-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-07-MC-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Community members offer condolences and watch a slideshow of photos under a Muharram mourning tent during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We cheered and clapped for him, but we did so with tears in our eyes, knowing that his father was not here for this milestone,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raff was one of many who attended and spoke at a Tuesday night memorial in Piedmont, honoring the life of 31-year-old Awdah Al-Hathaleen, who had deep ties to the Bay Area. A year after his killing, attendees shared memories, photos and videos of the teacher and his loved ones, recited \u003ca href=\"https://www.vashtimedia.com/things-that-should-never-be-extinguished/\">a poem by his widow\u003c/a> and emphasized his mission: protecting his village, Umm al-Khair. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Another speaker, Shira Wolkenfeld, said she worked with Al-Hathaleen on a project called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/humansofmasaferyatta/?hl=en\">Humans of Masafer Yatta \u003c/a>on social media, which documents Israeli demolitions of Palestinian homes. She said they would often talk about how to end a story. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Do you leave people with a piece of hope to hold onto, a call to action, something to keep them going?” she said. “Awdah usually chose to end his stories and his presentations with a simple request to share his story: to tell people what’s happening, to help others understand, not to let this be ignored.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Friends of Awdah Al-Hathaleen listen to memories and prayers during his memorial, at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During the memorial video, Al-Hathaleen is leaning down, translating a young Palestinian girl’s words into English. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We love our land,” he said. “We will not leave.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Among his activist work, Al-Hathaleen captured footage for the 2025 Oscar-winning documentary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13971802/no-other-land-review-palestinian-israeli-documentary-west-bank\">\u003cem>No Other Land\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, which follows the Israeli government’s bulldozing of a Palestinian community. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Last June, Al-Hathaleen was slated to speak at a series of events at synagogues and other places of worship in the Bay Area as part of a humanitarian mission. However, Al-Hathaleen and his cousin, another speaker, were denied \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043918/feds-detain-2-palestinian-men-at-sfo-in-us-to-speak-at-interfaith-gathering\">entry at San Francisco International Airport\u003c/a>, detained overnight and then sent back home.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, Al-Hathaleen was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">shot and killed by an Israeli settler\u003c/a> whom witnesses identified as Yinon Levi, according to Phil Weintraub, an organizer with the Palestinian Solidarity Committee at the Kehilla Community Synagogue in Piedmont, which sponsored Al-Hathaleen’s visit. A memorial video shown during the service said that Al-Hathaleen was filming settlers when he was killed.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When I arrived in Umm al-Khair for the first time this past September, Awdah’s blood still stained the ground of the community center,” said another speaker, Emily Axelrod.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Kehilla is the host of the Face-to-Face Jewish-Palestinian Reparations Alliance, an organization created \u003ca href=\"https://kehillasynagogue.org/act/face-to-face-a-jewish-palestinian-reparations-alliance/\">in 2021\u003c/a> that connects allies in the Bay Area with residents of Umm al-Khair. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Last October, Face-to-Face advocates sounded the alarm over the future of Umm al-Khair, following \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062258/a-village-with-close-ties-to-the-bay-area-facing-demolition-in-the-west-bank\">reports of Israel’s plan\u003c/a> to demolish the village. A recent investigation by \u003ca href=\"https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/7/17/they-took-toilet-settlement-squeezed-palestinian-village\">\u003cem>Al Jazeera\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reported several Palestinians’ fears of a new Israeli outpost established nearby that has prevented them from moving and working freely in the area. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I want to stress that this gathering is not just a memorial to Awdah,” Kehilla Rabbi David Cooper said. “It is an active recommitment to Umm al-Khair and to Palestinian freedom.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rabbi David speaks to mourners during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>South Bay Rep. Ro Khanna — who was among \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">several Bay Area elected officials\u003c/a> who condemned Al-Hathaleen’s detention and deportation from SFO last year — recently visited the village during his three-day \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090641/bay-area-congressman-says-he-was-detained-by-the-israeli-military-and-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">visit to the West Bank\u003c/a> this summer, according to Israeli American peace activist Ben Linder who accompanied the politician during the trip. Khanna has also recently shared \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RoKhannaUSA/videos/umm-al-khair-is-surrounded-on-all-sides-by-settlements-listen-to-them-share-thei/2491224254724033/\">a social media post\u003c/a> featuring residents of the village, writing “Umm al-Khair is surrounded on all sides by settlements.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During the trip, in the town of Khirbet Zanuta, Khanna said settlers and the Israeli military detained him, and he was only able to leave after contacting the American Embassy in Jerusalem.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In a statement to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090641/bay-area-congressman-says-he-was-detained-by-the-israeli-military-and-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">the \u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the Israeli military said, “IDF troops were dispatched to the scene, quickly dispersed the Israeli civilians, and reopened the blocked road … The IDF soldiers operating in the area did not take part in blocking the road.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Khanna pushed back on the explanation \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/07/14/nx-s1-5893386/rep-ro-khanna-on-being-detained-by-israeli-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">on NPR\u003c/a>, saying that the IDF is “now claiming that they were just waiting for orders from the police, and that’s why they had detained us. But it still does not change the facts that there were illegal settlers that detained us and that the IDF sided with the settlers, as the videotape shows.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093063\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mourners gather at a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Al-Hathaleen’s ceremony ended with a Kaddish, a mourner’s prayer, recited by San Francisco Rabbi Faryn Borella.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When we mourn a loved one, we get this opportunity to remember, to praise, to remember to look toward what is beautiful in the world and look through their eyes at what they saw,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Borella asked the crowd what the ways Al-Hathaleen praised the world he lived in “even in the midst of such suffering.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093072\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Shira Wolkenfeld speaks to mourners during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>People chimed in:\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Friendship.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Soccer.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Barbecue.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The children.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Borella asked them to hold these praises during the prayer. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We’re going to see the world through his eyes for a moment,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“May his memory be for a blessing, may his memory be for revolution … may his memory be for a positive peace, a just peace, a lasting peace, in which all are free.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Activist Avital Raff stood in front of a crowd of mourners gathered at Kehilla Community Synagogue in the East Bay and described her time in the occupied Palestinian territories, with the family of the late \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Ramadan is normally greeted with excitement for the happiest and holiest time of year, but it was greeted this year with dread and despair,” she said Tuesday. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>She recalled Al-Hathaleen’s wife, Hanady, telling her that she feared the idea of waking up early for the pre-fast meal alone. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Awdah would normally prepare for Suhoor for her,” Raff said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Raff said she also helped babysit Al-Hathaleen’s three sons. The youngest began to walk in February. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-17-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093065\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rev. Michael Yoshii leads mourners in prayer during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We cheered and clapped for him, but we did so with tears in our eyes, knowing that his father was not here for this milestone,” she said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Raff was one of many who attended and spoke at a Tuesday night memorial in Piedmont, honoring the life of 31-year-old Awdah Al-Hathaleen, who had deep ties to the Bay Area. A year after his killing, attendees shared memories, photos and videos of the teacher and his loved ones, recited \u003ca href=\"https://www.vashtimedia.com/things-that-should-never-be-extinguished/\">a poem by his widow\u003c/a> and emphasized his mission: protecting his village, Umm al-Khair. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Raff was one of many who attended and spoke at a Tuesday night memorial in Piedmont, honoring the life of 31-year-old Awdah Al-Hathaleen, who had deep ties to the Bay Area. A year after his killing, attendees shared memories, photos and videos of the teacher and his loved ones, recited \u003ca href=\"https://www.vashtimedia.com/things-that-should-never-be-extinguished/\">a poem by his widow\u003c/a> and emphasized his mission: protecting his village, Umm al-Khair. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Another speaker, Shira Wolkenfeld, said she worked with Al-Hathaleen on a project called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/humansofmasaferyatta/?hl=en\">Humans of Masafer Yatta \u003c/a>on social media, which documents Israeli demolitions of Palestinian homes. She said they would often talk about how to end a story. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Another speaker, Shira Wolkenfeld, said she worked with Al-Hathaleen on a project called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/humansofmasaferyatta/?hl=en\">Humans of Masafer Yatta \u003c/a>on social media, which documents Israeli demolitions of Palestinian homes. She said they would often talk about how to end a story. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Do you leave people with a piece of hope to hold onto, a call to action, something to keep them going?” she said. “Awdah usually chose to end his stories and his presentations with a simple request to share his story: to tell people what’s happening, to help others understand, not to let this be ignored.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Do you leave people with a piece of hope to hold onto, a call to action, something to keep them going?” she said. “Awdah usually chose to end his stories and his presentations with a simple request to share his story: to tell people what’s happening, to help others understand, not to let this be ignored.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Friends of Awdah Al-Hathaleen listen to memories and prayers during his memorial, at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093067\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Friends of Awdah Al-Hathaleen listen to memories and prayers during his memorial, at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>During the memorial video, Al-Hathaleen is leaning down, translating a young Palestinian girl’s words into English. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We love our land,” he said. “We will not leave.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Among his activist work, Al-Hathaleen captured footage for the 2025 Oscar-winning documentary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13971802/no-other-land-review-palestinian-israeli-documentary-west-bank\">\u003cem>No Other Land\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, which follows the Israeli government’s bulldozing of a Palestinian community. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Last June, Al-Hathaleen was slated to speak at a series of events at synagogues and other places of worship in the Bay Area as part of a humanitarian mission. However, Al-Hathaleen and his cousin, another speaker, were denied \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043918/feds-detain-2-palestinian-men-at-sfo-in-us-to-speak-at-interfaith-gathering\">entry at San Francisco International Airport\u003c/a>, detained overnight and then sent back home.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Last June, Al-Hathaleen was slated to speak at a series of events at synagogues and other places of worship in the Bay Area as part of a humanitarian mission. However, Al-Hathaleen and his cousin, another speaker, were denied \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043918/feds-detain-2-palestinian-men-at-sfo-in-us-to-speak-at-interfaith-gathering\">entry at San Francisco International Airport\u003c/a>, detained overnight and then sent back home.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, Al-Hathaleen was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">shot and killed by an Israeli settler\u003c/a> whom witnesses identified as Yinon Levi, according to Phil Weintraub, an organizer with the Palestinian Solidarity Committee at the Kehilla Community Synagogue in Piedmont, which sponsored Al-Hathaleen’s visit. A memorial video shown during the service said that Al-Hathaleen was filming settlers when he was killed.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, Al-Hathaleen was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">shot and killed by an Israeli settler\u003c/a> whom witnesses identified as Yinon Levi, according to Phil Weintraub, an organizer with the Palestinian Solidarity Committee at the Kehilla Community Synagogue in Piedmont, which sponsored Al-Hathaleen’s visit. A memorial video shown during the service said that Al-Hathaleen was filming settlers when he was killed.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“When I arrived in Umm al-Khair for the first time this past September, Awdah’s blood still stained the ground of the community center,” said another speaker, Emily Axelrod.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“When I arrived in Umm al-Khair for the first time this past September, Awdah’s blood still stained the ground of the community center,” said another speaker, Emily Axelrod.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Kehilla is the host of the Face-to-Face Jewish-Palestinian Reparations Alliance, an organization created \u003ca href=\"https://kehillasynagogue.org/act/face-to-face-a-jewish-palestinian-reparations-alliance/\">in 2021\u003c/a> that connects allies in the Bay Area with residents of Umm al-Khair. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Kehilla is the host of the Face-to-Face Jewish-Palestinian Reparations Alliance, an organization created \u003ca href=\"https://kehillasynagogue.org/act/face-to-face-a-jewish-palestinian-reparations-alliance/\">in 2021\u003c/a> that connects allies in the Bay Area with residents of Umm al-Khair. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Last October, Face-to-Face advocates sounded the alarm over the future of Umm al-Khair, following \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062258/a-village-with-close-ties-to-the-bay-area-facing-demolition-in-the-west-bank\">reports of Israel’s plan\u003c/a> to demolish the village. A recent investigation by \u003ca href=\"https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/7/17/they-took-toilet-settlement-squeezed-palestinian-village\">\u003cem>Al Jazeera\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reported several Palestinians’ fears of a new Israeli outpost established nearby that has prevented them from moving and working freely in the area. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Last October, Face-to-Face advocates sounded the alarm over the future of Umm al-Khair, following \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062258/a-village-with-close-ties-to-the-bay-area-facing-demolition-in-the-west-bank\">reports of Israel’s plan\u003c/a> to demolish the village. A recent investigation by \u003ca href=\"https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/7/17/they-took-toilet-settlement-squeezed-palestinian-village\">\u003cem>Al Jazeera\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reported several Palestinians’ fears of a new Israeli outpost established nearby that has prevented them from moving and working freely in the area. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I want to stress that this gathering is not just a memorial to Awdah,” Kehilla Rabbi David Cooper said. “It is an active recommitment to Umm al-Khair and to Palestinian freedom.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“I want to stress that this gathering is not just a memorial to Awdah,” Kehilla Rabbi David Cooper said. “It is an active recommitment to Umm al-Khair and to Palestinian freedom.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rabbi David speaks to mourners during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093066\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rabbi David speaks to mourners during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>South Bay Rep. Ro Khanna — who was among \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">several Bay Area elected officials\u003c/a> who condemned Al-Hathaleen’s detention and deportation from SFO last year — recently visited the village during his three-day \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090641/bay-area-congressman-says-he-was-detained-by-the-israeli-military-and-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">visit to the West Bank\u003c/a> this summer, according to Israeli American peace activist Ben Linder who accompanied the politician during the trip. Khanna has also recently shared \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RoKhannaUSA/videos/umm-al-khair-is-surrounded-on-all-sides-by-settlements-listen-to-them-share-thei/2491224254724033/\">a social media post\u003c/a> featuring residents of the village, writing “Umm al-Khair is surrounded on all sides by settlements.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>South Bay Rep. Ro Khanna — who was among \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">several Bay Area elected officials\u003c/a> who condemned Al-Hathaleen’s detention and deportation from SFO last year — recently visited the village during his three-day \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090641/bay-area-congressman-says-he-was-detained-by-the-israeli-military-and-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">visit to the West Bank\u003c/a> this summer, according to Israeli American peace activist Ben Linder who accompanied the politician during the trip. Khanna has also recently shared \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RoKhannaUSA/videos/umm-al-khair-is-surrounded-on-all-sides-by-settlements-listen-to-them-share-thei/2491224254724033/\">a social media post\u003c/a> featuring residents of the village, writing “Umm al-Khair is surrounded on all sides by settlements.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>During the trip, in the town of Khirbet Zanuta, Khanna said settlers and the Israeli military detained him, and he was only able to leave after contacting the American Embassy in Jerusalem.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>During the trip, in the town of Khirbet Zanuta, Khanna said settlers and the Israeli military detained him, and he was only able to leave after contacting the American Embassy in Jerusalem.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In a statement to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090641/bay-area-congressman-says-he-was-detained-by-the-israeli-military-and-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">the \u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the Israeli military said, “IDF troops were dispatched to the scene, quickly dispersed the Israeli civilians, and reopened the blocked road … The IDF soldiers operating in the area did not take part in blocking the road.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In a statement to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090641/bay-area-congressman-says-he-was-detained-by-the-israeli-military-and-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">the \u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the Israeli military said, “IDF troops were dispatched to the scene, quickly dispersed the Israeli civilians, and reopened the blocked road … The IDF soldiers operating in the area did not take part in blocking the road.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Khanna pushed back on the explanation \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/07/14/nx-s1-5893386/rep-ro-khanna-on-being-detained-by-israeli-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">on NPR\u003c/a>, saying that the IDF is “now claiming that they were just waiting for orders from the police, and that’s why they had detained us. But it still does not change the facts that there were illegal settlers that detained us and that the IDF sided with the settlers, as the videotape shows.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Khanna pushed back on the explanation \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/07/14/nx-s1-5893386/rep-ro-khanna-on-being-detained-by-israeli-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">on NPR\u003c/a>, saying that the IDF is “now claiming that they were just waiting for orders from the police, and that’s why they had detained us. But it still does not change the facts that there were illegal settlers that detained us and that the IDF sided with the settlers, as the videotape shows.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093063\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mourners gather at a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093063\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mourners gather at a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Al-Hathaleen’s ceremony ended with a Kaddish, a mourner’s prayer, recited by San Francisco Rabbi Faryn Borella.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Al-Hathaleen’s ceremony ended with a Kaddish, a mourner’s prayer, recited by San Francisco Rabbi Faryn Borella.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“When we mourn a loved one, we get this opportunity to remember, to praise, to remember to look toward what is beautiful in the world and look through their eyes at what they saw,” she said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“When we mourn a loved one, we get this opportunity to remember, to praise, to remember to look toward what is beautiful in the world and look through their eyes at what they saw,” she said. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Borella asked the crowd what the ways Al-Hathaleen praised the world he lived in “even in the midst of such suffering.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Borella asked the crowd what the ways Al-Hathaleen praised the world he lived in “even in the midst of such suffering.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093072\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Shira Wolkenfeld speaks to mourners during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093072\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Shira Wolkenfeld speaks to mourners during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Friendship.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Soccer.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Barbecue.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The children.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Borella asked them to hold these praises during the prayer. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We’re going to see the world through his eyes for a moment,” she said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“May his memory be for a blessing, may his memory be for revolution … may his memory be for a positive peace, a just peace, a lasting peace, in which all are free.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Awdah Al-Hathaleen, a 31-year-old teacher with close ties to an East Bay synagogue, made headlines last summer after he was detained and deported from SFO. An Israeli settler killed him, witnesses said, weeks later.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Activist Avital Raff stood in front of a crowd of mourners gathered at Kehilla Community Synagogue in the East Bay and described her time in the occupied Palestinian territories, with the family of the late \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Ramadan is normally greeted with excitement for the happiest and holiest time of year, but it was greeted this year with dread and despair,” she said Tuesday. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She recalled Al-Hathaleen’s wife, Hanady, telling her that she feared the idea of waking up early for the pre-fast meal alone. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Awdah would normally prepare for Suhoor for her,” Raff said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Raff said she also helped babysit Al-Hathaleen’s three sons. The youngest began to walk in February. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" data-id=\"12093065\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-17-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-17-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-17-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-17-MC-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rev. Michael Yoshii leads mourners in prayer during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" data-id=\"12093062\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-07-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093062\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-07-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-07-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-07-MC-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Community members offer condolences and watch a slideshow of photos under a Muharram mourning tent during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We cheered and clapped for him, but we did so with tears in our eyes, knowing that his father was not here for this milestone,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raff was one of many who attended and spoke at a Tuesday night memorial in Piedmont, honoring the life of 31-year-old Awdah Al-Hathaleen, who had deep ties to the Bay Area. A year after his killing, attendees shared memories, photos and videos of the teacher and his loved ones, recited \u003ca href=\"https://www.vashtimedia.com/things-that-should-never-be-extinguished/\">a poem by his widow\u003c/a> and emphasized his mission: protecting his village, Umm al-Khair. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Another speaker, Shira Wolkenfeld, said she worked with Al-Hathaleen on a project called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/humansofmasaferyatta/?hl=en\">Humans of Masafer Yatta \u003c/a>on social media, which documents Israeli demolitions of Palestinian homes. She said they would often talk about how to end a story. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Do you leave people with a piece of hope to hold onto, a call to action, something to keep them going?” she said. “Awdah usually chose to end his stories and his presentations with a simple request to share his story: to tell people what’s happening, to help others understand, not to let this be ignored.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-24-MC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Friends of Awdah Al-Hathaleen listen to memories and prayers during his memorial, at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During the memorial video, Al-Hathaleen is leaning down, translating a young Palestinian girl’s words into English. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We love our land,” he said. “We will not leave.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Among his activist work, Al-Hathaleen captured footage for the 2025 Oscar-winning documentary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13971802/no-other-land-review-palestinian-israeli-documentary-west-bank\">\u003cem>No Other Land\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, which follows the Israeli government’s bulldozing of a Palestinian community. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Last June, Al-Hathaleen was slated to speak at a series of events at synagogues and other places of worship in the Bay Area as part of a humanitarian mission. However, Al-Hathaleen and his cousin, another speaker, were denied \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043918/feds-detain-2-palestinian-men-at-sfo-in-us-to-speak-at-interfaith-gathering\">entry at San Francisco International Airport\u003c/a>, detained overnight and then sent back home.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, Al-Hathaleen was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">shot and killed by an Israeli settler\u003c/a> whom witnesses identified as Yinon Levi, according to Phil Weintraub, an organizer with the Palestinian Solidarity Committee at the Kehilla Community Synagogue in Piedmont, which sponsored Al-Hathaleen’s visit. A memorial video shown during the service said that Al-Hathaleen was filming settlers when he was killed.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When I arrived in Umm al-Khair for the first time this past September, Awdah’s blood still stained the ground of the community center,” said another speaker, Emily Axelrod.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Kehilla is the host of the Face-to-Face Jewish-Palestinian Reparations Alliance, an organization created \u003ca href=\"https://kehillasynagogue.org/act/face-to-face-a-jewish-palestinian-reparations-alliance/\">in 2021\u003c/a> that connects allies in the Bay Area with residents of Umm al-Khair. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Last October, Face-to-Face advocates sounded the alarm over the future of Umm al-Khair, following \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062258/a-village-with-close-ties-to-the-bay-area-facing-demolition-in-the-west-bank\">reports of Israel’s plan\u003c/a> to demolish the village. A recent investigation by \u003ca href=\"https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/7/17/they-took-toilet-settlement-squeezed-palestinian-village\">\u003cem>Al Jazeera\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reported several Palestinians’ fears of a new Israeli outpost established nearby that has prevented them from moving and working freely in the area. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I want to stress that this gathering is not just a memorial to Awdah,” Kehilla Rabbi David Cooper said. “It is an active recommitment to Umm al-Khair and to Palestinian freedom.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-22-MC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rabbi David speaks to mourners during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>South Bay Rep. Ro Khanna — who was among \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050131/activists-mourn-palestinian-man-killed-in-west-bank-after-being-denied-entry-at-sfo\">several Bay Area elected officials\u003c/a> who condemned Al-Hathaleen’s detention and deportation from SFO last year — recently visited the village during his three-day \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090641/bay-area-congressman-says-he-was-detained-by-the-israeli-military-and-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">visit to the West Bank\u003c/a> this summer, according to Israeli American peace activist Ben Linder who accompanied the politician during the trip. Khanna has also recently shared \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/RoKhannaUSA/videos/umm-al-khair-is-surrounded-on-all-sides-by-settlements-listen-to-them-share-thei/2491224254724033/\">a social media post\u003c/a> featuring residents of the village, writing “Umm al-Khair is surrounded on all sides by settlements.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During the trip, in the town of Khirbet Zanuta, Khanna said settlers and the Israeli military detained him, and he was only able to leave after contacting the American Embassy in Jerusalem.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In a statement to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090641/bay-area-congressman-says-he-was-detained-by-the-israeli-military-and-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">the \u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the Israeli military said, “IDF troops were dispatched to the scene, quickly dispersed the Israeli civilians, and reopened the blocked road … The IDF soldiers operating in the area did not take part in blocking the road.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Khanna pushed back on the explanation \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/07/14/nx-s1-5893386/rep-ro-khanna-on-being-detained-by-israeli-settlers-in-the-west-bank\">on NPR\u003c/a>, saying that the IDF is “now claiming that they were just waiting for orders from the police, and that’s why they had detained us. But it still does not change the facts that there were illegal settlers that detained us and that the IDF sided with the settlers, as the videotape shows.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093063\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-14-MC-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mourners gather at a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Al-Hathaleen’s ceremony ended with a Kaddish, a mourner’s prayer, recited by San Francisco Rabbi Faryn Borella.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When we mourn a loved one, we get this opportunity to remember, to praise, to remember to look toward what is beautiful in the world and look through their eyes at what they saw,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Borella asked the crowd what the ways Al-Hathaleen praised the world he lived in “even in the midst of such suffering.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12093072\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/072826-PALESTINEACTIVISTMEMORIAL-40-MC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Shira Wolkenfeld speaks to mourners during a memorial for Palestinian activist Awdah Al-Hathaleen at Kehilla Community Synagogue on July 28, 2026, in Piedmont. (Miles Cull/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>People chimed in:\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Friendship.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Soccer.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Barbecue.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The children.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Borella asked them to hold these praises during the prayer. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We’re going to see the world through his eyes for a moment,” she said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“May his memory be for a blessing, may his memory be for revolution … may his memory be for a positive peace, a just peace, a lasting peace, in which all are free.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "a-judge-sent-a-doctor-to-evaluate-californias-largest-ice-detention-center-what-he-found",
"title": "A Judge Sent a Doctor to Evaluate California’s Largest ICE Detention Center. What He Found",
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"headTitle": "A Judge Sent a Doctor to Evaluate California’s Largest ICE Detention Center. What He Found | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ice\">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement\u003c/a> is failing to provide adequate healthcare at a new detention center in California City, according to a report from an independent monitor at the facility, where detainees complained of missing medications and months-long delays to cancer treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings appear in a report by Dr. Muthusamy Anandkumar, a court- appointed monitor of the California City Immigration Processing Center, which is about 75 miles east of Bakersfield and run by the private prison company CoreCivic. The federal government\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2026/07/ice-detention-center-sales-why/\"> purchased the facility\u003c/a> earlier this month but CoreCivic continues to operate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article315241424.html\">appointed the monitor\u003c/a> in March as part of an \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/11/ice-california-city-detainee-lawsuit/\">ongoing lawsuit \u003c/a>filed by seven detainees who allege the conditions in the California City facility are a violation of their due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The facility lacks a reliable system to consistently provide adequate health care, placing individuals at serious risk of both immediate and long-term harm,” Anandkumar wrote. “This pattern indicates broader problems in the facility’s healthcare delivery system rather than occasional lapses in care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fault, Anandkumar wrote, was not with the individual healthcare workers, but rather an issue of staffing, management and oversight. At times, staff was pulled out of training to cover a shift because of staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12089978\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12089978\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/092225-CalCity-Detention-MV-CM-13.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/092225-CalCity-Detention-MV-CM-13.jpeg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/092225-CalCity-Detention-MV-CM-13-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/092225-CalCity-Detention-MV-CM-13-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The CoreCivic California City Immigration Processing Center in California City on Sep. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Miguel Vasconcellos for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“As a result, staff who had not been fully trained were themselves training new staff,” Anandkumar wrote. “Given the number of patients and the seriousness of their medical and mental health needs, these substantial gaps contribute to an unsafe environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anandkumar found 13 areas of deficiency in CoreCivic’s healthcare program in California City. Among them were inadequate emergency care, dental care and chronic disease management. The monitor also found that the facility did not provide timely access to prescribed medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE opened the immigration detention center at the site of a closed state prison and began admitting detainees in August.[aside postID=news_12092697 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251210-SFOEating-24-BL_qed.jpg']In September, a state disability rights group conducted a\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062774/conditions-at-massive-new-california-immigration-facility-are-alarming-report-finds\"> two-day inspection\u003c/a> of the facility and found that its operators failed to distribute medication for life-threatening conditions and did not schedule timely surgeries for people that needed them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings of that two-day inspection by Disability Rights California mirror many of the conclusions found 10 months later by Anandkumar, including delays in response to acute sick call requests and a failure to distribute prescription medication for conditions requiring consistent management like diabetes, high blood pressure and seizures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CoreCivic spokesperson said the facility provides daily access to physical and mental care services, and said emergency medical services are available 24 hours a day, every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When specialty or advanced care is required beyond the services available onsite, facility healthcare staff coordinate with community physicians, hospitals, and specialty providers to facilitate access to medically necessary treatment,” said CoreCivic spokesperson Ryan Gustin. “While we work diligently to arrange and support those appointments, the scheduling, availability, and capacity of outside providers are not controlled by the facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gustin said compliance with detention standards in immigration detention facilities is monitored by an ICE compliance officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12070623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12070623\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/AP26020826398216-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/AP26020826398216-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/AP26020826398216-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/AP26020826398216-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A guard walks to the entrance of an immigration detention center during a visit by California Democrats Sen. Adam Schiff and Sen. Alex Padilla, on Jan. 20, 2026, in California City, California. \u003ccite>(Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit filed in U.S. federal court in the Northern District of California by people held in California City claims detainees do not have appropriate clothing for the chilly desert nights, nor appropriate medical attention for life-threatening conditions. The lawsuit alleges detainees with mobility issues don’t have access to wheelchairs, and in some cases are unable to bathe or dress themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sokhean Keo, a California City detainee and a plaintiff in the lawsuit against ICE said in a statement distributed by the ACLU that he never received the medication he was prescribed for an infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there is no change to this system,” Keo said, “sick people are going to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2026/07/ice-detention-center-healthcare-report/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Immigration and Customs Enforcement quickly opened a new detention center in a former California state prison last year. Detainees now are suing over their access to healthcare.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ice\">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement\u003c/a> is failing to provide adequate healthcare at a new detention center in California City, according to a report from an independent monitor at the facility, where detainees complained of missing medications and months-long delays to cancer treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings appear in a report by Dr. Muthusamy Anandkumar, a court- appointed monitor of the California City Immigration Processing Center, which is about 75 miles east of Bakersfield and run by the private prison company CoreCivic. The federal government\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2026/07/ice-detention-center-sales-why/\"> purchased the facility\u003c/a> earlier this month but CoreCivic continues to operate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article315241424.html\">appointed the monitor\u003c/a> in March as part of an \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/11/ice-california-city-detainee-lawsuit/\">ongoing lawsuit \u003c/a>filed by seven detainees who allege the conditions in the California City facility are a violation of their due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The facility lacks a reliable system to consistently provide adequate health care, placing individuals at serious risk of both immediate and long-term harm,” Anandkumar wrote. “This pattern indicates broader problems in the facility’s healthcare delivery system rather than occasional lapses in care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fault, Anandkumar wrote, was not with the individual healthcare workers, but rather an issue of staffing, management and oversight. At times, staff was pulled out of training to cover a shift because of staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12089978\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12089978\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/092225-CalCity-Detention-MV-CM-13.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/092225-CalCity-Detention-MV-CM-13.jpeg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/092225-CalCity-Detention-MV-CM-13-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/092225-CalCity-Detention-MV-CM-13-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The CoreCivic California City Immigration Processing Center in California City on Sep. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Miguel Vasconcellos for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“As a result, staff who had not been fully trained were themselves training new staff,” Anandkumar wrote. “Given the number of patients and the seriousness of their medical and mental health needs, these substantial gaps contribute to an unsafe environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anandkumar found 13 areas of deficiency in CoreCivic’s healthcare program in California City. Among them were inadequate emergency care, dental care and chronic disease management. The monitor also found that the facility did not provide timely access to prescribed medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE opened the immigration detention center at the site of a closed state prison and began admitting detainees in August.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In September, a state disability rights group conducted a\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062774/conditions-at-massive-new-california-immigration-facility-are-alarming-report-finds\"> two-day inspection\u003c/a> of the facility and found that its operators failed to distribute medication for life-threatening conditions and did not schedule timely surgeries for people that needed them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings of that two-day inspection by Disability Rights California mirror many of the conclusions found 10 months later by Anandkumar, including delays in response to acute sick call requests and a failure to distribute prescription medication for conditions requiring consistent management like diabetes, high blood pressure and seizures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CoreCivic spokesperson said the facility provides daily access to physical and mental care services, and said emergency medical services are available 24 hours a day, every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When specialty or advanced care is required beyond the services available onsite, facility healthcare staff coordinate with community physicians, hospitals, and specialty providers to facilitate access to medically necessary treatment,” said CoreCivic spokesperson Ryan Gustin. “While we work diligently to arrange and support those appointments, the scheduling, availability, and capacity of outside providers are not controlled by the facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gustin said compliance with detention standards in immigration detention facilities is monitored by an ICE compliance officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12070623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12070623\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/AP26020826398216-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/AP26020826398216-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/AP26020826398216-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/AP26020826398216-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A guard walks to the entrance of an immigration detention center during a visit by California Democrats Sen. Adam Schiff and Sen. Alex Padilla, on Jan. 20, 2026, in California City, California. \u003ccite>(Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit filed in U.S. federal court in the Northern District of California by people held in California City claims detainees do not have appropriate clothing for the chilly desert nights, nor appropriate medical attention for life-threatening conditions. The lawsuit alleges detainees with mobility issues don’t have access to wheelchairs, and in some cases are unable to bathe or dress themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sokhean Keo, a California City detainee and a plaintiff in the lawsuit against ICE said in a statement distributed by the ACLU that he never received the medication he was prescribed for an infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there is no change to this system,” Keo said, “sick people are going to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2026/07/ice-detention-center-healthcare-report/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "bay-area-immigrant-advocates-warn-noncitizens-to-avoid-air-travel-after-ice-arrests",
"title": "Bay Area Immigrant Advocates Warn Noncitizens to Avoid Air Travel After ICE Arrests",
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"content": "\u003cp>More than a dozen people have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12077353/ice-airports-tsa-trump-deployed-shutdown-sfo-incident-your-rights-what-to-know\">detained at Bay Area airports\u003c/a> since June 27, according to local rapid response networks, which monitor and respond to federal enforcement operations. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Following a surge in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/01/us/politics/ice-immigrant-arrests-surge.html\">arrests \u003c/a>in recent weeks, immigrants’ rights advocates are urging people without U.S. citizenship to avoid air travel.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We are recommending that during this period of time, during this administration … if you don’t have an urgent matter to travel for, even domestically, that you think about it to determine whether the risks are worth it,” said Jazmin Preciado, an attorney with Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On June 27, a man from Argentina, who entered the United States with his wife on a visa in 2020, was detained at Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport, where he planned to depart for Texas. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to Preciado, the couple had overstayed their visas during the COVID-19 pandemic and remained in the country. But the man and his wife, along with their child, who was born in the U.S., planned to return to Argentina in October, Preciado said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The individual had taken a domestic flight maybe about three months ago, and it was without incident, so he figured, ‘I can take one more flight right before we take off permanently,’” Preciado said. “And it was different.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She said the man spent multiple days in a detention facility before Alameda County’s Rapid Response Network was able to connect him with legal representation and secure a court order to release him from custody. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-91-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12067064\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-91-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-91-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-91-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The International Terminal at San Francisco International Airport on Dec. 10, 2025. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In the last month, advocates have tracked similar arrests across the Bay Area. On July 22, video footage of San Francisco resident Iryna Gorb \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092491/it-wasnt-right-woman-arrested-by-ice-at-sfo-is-a-san-francisco-photographer-barista\">being forcibly detained\u003c/a> at San Francisco International Airport while traveling circulated online, and an Oakland woman was \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2026/07/22/ice-oakland-resident-detained-denver-airport-immigration/\">detained\u003c/a> at the Denver International Airport on July 20.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to a spokesperson for the Santa Clara County Rapid Response Network, the county’s coalition has recorded 10 arrests of residents traveling through SFO and San José Mineta International airports since July 1. Six were arrested at SFO, while four were at SJC.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>San Francisco and Alameda County Rapid Response Networks said they weren’t able to provide a full account of arrests at airports for their counties’ residents, but both said the practice is becoming more regular.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We’ve been seeing an uptick in reports, not just from the Bay Area, but from around the country, of similar arrests,” Preciado said. “It’s definitely been a lot more consistently that we’ve heard of this happening.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Arrests of domestic travelers have become more common in the last year, as the Trump administration has significantly expanded Immigration and Customs Enforcement operations and budget over the last year and a half. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The first known airport arrest of a Santa Clara County resident at the San José Airport was in November, according to the county’s rapid response network spokesperson. Since then, the network has recorded a few arrests each month. In March, a mother and daughter who lived in Contra Costa County were detained at SFO, drawing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12082395/san-francisco-condemns-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-actions-at-sfo-airport\">broad condemnation\u003c/a> for the arrests in a sanctuary city.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The March detention sparked controversy again after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/24/us/tsa-data-ice-deportation-san-francisco-airport.html\">\u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reporting found that the Transportation Security Agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12077581/bay-area-officials-raise-privacy-concerns-after-ice-arrest-at-sfo\">tipped off immigration officials\u003c/a> that the pair would be traveling after their names showed up on a flight’s passenger list. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The TSA has said that information sharing is routine and legal because the agency is a part of the Department of Homeland Security. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It is not new policy to share information between the agencies of the Department of Homeland Security,” TSA’s acting director Ha Nguyen McNeill said during a Congressional hearing in January. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We are supporting the mission of our colleagues at the Department of Homeland Security, and that includes enforcement of immigration laws,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Still, Milli Atkinson, director of the Immigrant Legal Defense Program at the San Francisco Bar Association, said the uptick in arrests indicates that TSA may be sharing passenger information more frequently than in the past. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-87-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12067062\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-87-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-87-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-87-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Passengers wait for their flight at San Francisco International Airport on Dec. 10, 2025. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“What we’re seeing now is ICE showing up at airports because they have information about travelers, they have ID information,” she said. “It just appears that TSA is now cooperating with ICE at a level that we haven’t seen before.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the Santa Clara rapid response network said the coalition has seen airport arrests of people who have overstayed tourist visas, asylum seekers with open cases and permanent residents who may have had prior interaction with law enforcement that might show up on their record. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>If people without legal status choose to travel, Preciado and other advocates suggest people consult an attorney who can provide a “full understanding of what risks they’re going to be undertaking.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now is not a safe time to be traveling through airports unless you’ve spoken to an attorney and you assess what risk there is,” Atkinson told KQED on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We are recommending that during this period of time, during this administration … if you don’t have an urgent matter to travel for, even domestically, that you think about it to determine whether the risks are worth it,” said Jazmin Preciado, an attorney with Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>On June 27, a man from Argentina, who entered the United States with his wife on a visa in 2020, was detained at Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport, where he planned to depart for Texas. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>According to Preciado, the couple had overstayed their visas during the COVID-19 pandemic and remained in the country. But the man and his wife, along with their child, who was born in the U.S., planned to return to Argentina in October, Preciado said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The individual had taken a domestic flight maybe about three months ago, and it was without incident, so he figured, ‘I can take one more flight right before we take off permanently,’” Preciado said. “And it was different.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>She said the man spent multiple days in a detention facility before Alameda County’s Rapid Response Network was able to connect him with legal representation and secure a court order to release him from custody. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In the last month, advocates have tracked similar arrests across the Bay Area. On July 22, video footage of San Francisco resident Iryna Gorb \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092491/it-wasnt-right-woman-arrested-by-ice-at-sfo-is-a-san-francisco-photographer-barista\">being forcibly detained\u003c/a> at San Francisco International Airport while traveling circulated online, and an Oakland woman was \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2026/07/22/ice-oakland-resident-detained-denver-airport-immigration/\">detained\u003c/a> at the Denver International Airport on July 20.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In the last month, advocates have tracked similar arrests across the Bay Area. On July 22, video footage of San Francisco resident Iryna Gorb \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092491/it-wasnt-right-woman-arrested-by-ice-at-sfo-is-a-san-francisco-photographer-barista\">being forcibly detained\u003c/a> at San Francisco International Airport while traveling circulated online, and an Oakland woman was \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2026/07/22/ice-oakland-resident-detained-denver-airport-immigration/\">detained\u003c/a> at the Denver International Airport on July 20.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>According to a spokesperson for the Santa Clara County Rapid Response Network, the county’s coalition has recorded 10 arrests of residents traveling through SFO and San José Mineta International airports since July 1. Six were arrested at SFO, while four were at SJC.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>According to a spokesperson for the Santa Clara County Rapid Response Network, the county’s coalition has recorded 10 arrests of residents traveling through SFO and San José Mineta International airports since July 1. Six were arrested at SFO, while four were at SJC.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>San Francisco and Alameda County Rapid Response Networks said they weren’t able to provide a full account of arrests at airports for their counties’ residents, but both said the practice is becoming more regular.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We’ve been seeing an uptick in reports, not just from the Bay Area, but from around the country, of similar arrests,” Preciado said. “It’s definitely been a lot more consistently that we’ve heard of this happening.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“We’ve been seeing an uptick in reports, not just from the Bay Area, but from around the country, of similar arrests,” Preciado said. “It’s definitely been a lot more consistently that we’ve heard of this happening.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Arrests of domestic travelers have become more common in the last year, as the Trump administration has significantly expanded Immigration and Customs Enforcement operations and budget over the last year and a half. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The first known airport arrest of a Santa Clara County resident at the San José Airport was in November, according to the county’s rapid response network spokesperson. Since then, the network has recorded a few arrests each month. In March, a mother and daughter who lived in Contra Costa County were detained at SFO, drawing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12082395/san-francisco-condemns-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-actions-at-sfo-airport\">broad condemnation\u003c/a> for the arrests in a sanctuary city.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The first known airport arrest of a Santa Clara County resident at the San José Airport was in November, according to the county’s rapid response network spokesperson. Since then, the network has recorded a few arrests each month. In March, a mother and daughter who lived in Contra Costa County were detained at SFO, drawing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12082395/san-francisco-condemns-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-actions-at-sfo-airport\">broad condemnation\u003c/a> for the arrests in a sanctuary city.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The March detention sparked controversy again after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/24/us/tsa-data-ice-deportation-san-francisco-airport.html\">\u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reporting found that the Transportation Security Agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12077581/bay-area-officials-raise-privacy-concerns-after-ice-arrest-at-sfo\">tipped off immigration officials\u003c/a> that the pair would be traveling after their names showed up on a flight’s passenger list. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The March detention sparked controversy again after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/24/us/tsa-data-ice-deportation-san-francisco-airport.html\">\u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reporting found that the Transportation Security Agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12077581/bay-area-officials-raise-privacy-concerns-after-ice-arrest-at-sfo\">tipped off immigration officials\u003c/a> that the pair would be traveling after their names showed up on a flight’s passenger list. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The TSA has said that information sharing is routine and legal because the agency is a part of the Department of Homeland Security. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“It is not new policy to share information between the agencies of the Department of Homeland Security,” TSA’s acting director Ha Nguyen McNeill said during a Congressional hearing in January. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We are supporting the mission of our colleagues at the Department of Homeland Security, and that includes enforcement of immigration laws,” she said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Still, Milli Atkinson, director of the Immigrant Legal Defense Program at the San Francisco Bar Association, said the uptick in arrests indicates that TSA may be sharing passenger information more frequently than in the past. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Still, Milli Atkinson, director of the Immigrant Legal Defense Program at the San Francisco Bar Association, said the uptick in arrests indicates that TSA may be sharing passenger information more frequently than in the past. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“What we’re seeing now is ICE showing up at airports because they have information about travelers, they have ID information,” she said. “It just appears that TSA is now cooperating with ICE at a level that we haven’t seen before.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the Santa Clara rapid response network said the coalition has seen airport arrests of people who have overstayed tourist visas, asylum seekers with open cases and permanent residents who may have had prior interaction with law enforcement that might show up on their record. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>If people without legal status choose to travel, Preciado and other advocates suggest people consult an attorney who can provide a “full understanding of what risks they’re going to be undertaking.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Now is not a safe time to be traveling through airports unless you’ve spoken to an attorney and you assess what risk there is,” Atkinson told KQED on Friday.\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "More than a dozen travelers have been detained in recent weeks, prompting immigration lawyers to warn visa holders, asylum seekers and other noncitizens about the risks of flying.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>More than a dozen people have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12077353/ice-airports-tsa-trump-deployed-shutdown-sfo-incident-your-rights-what-to-know\">detained at Bay Area airports\u003c/a> since June 27, according to local rapid response networks, which monitor and respond to federal enforcement operations. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Following a surge in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/01/us/politics/ice-immigrant-arrests-surge.html\">arrests \u003c/a>in recent weeks, immigrants’ rights advocates are urging people without U.S. citizenship to avoid air travel.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We are recommending that during this period of time, during this administration … if you don’t have an urgent matter to travel for, even domestically, that you think about it to determine whether the risks are worth it,” said Jazmin Preciado, an attorney with Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On June 27, a man from Argentina, who entered the United States with his wife on a visa in 2020, was detained at Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport, where he planned to depart for Texas. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to Preciado, the couple had overstayed their visas during the COVID-19 pandemic and remained in the country. But the man and his wife, along with their child, who was born in the U.S., planned to return to Argentina in October, Preciado said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The individual had taken a domestic flight maybe about three months ago, and it was without incident, so he figured, ‘I can take one more flight right before we take off permanently,’” Preciado said. “And it was different.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>She said the man spent multiple days in a detention facility before Alameda County’s Rapid Response Network was able to connect him with legal representation and secure a court order to release him from custody. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-91-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12067064\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-91-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-91-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-91-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The International Terminal at San Francisco International Airport on Dec. 10, 2025. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In the last month, advocates have tracked similar arrests across the Bay Area. On July 22, video footage of San Francisco resident Iryna Gorb \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092491/it-wasnt-right-woman-arrested-by-ice-at-sfo-is-a-san-francisco-photographer-barista\">being forcibly detained\u003c/a> at San Francisco International Airport while traveling circulated online, and an Oakland woman was \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2026/07/22/ice-oakland-resident-detained-denver-airport-immigration/\">detained\u003c/a> at the Denver International Airport on July 20.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to a spokesperson for the Santa Clara County Rapid Response Network, the county’s coalition has recorded 10 arrests of residents traveling through SFO and San José Mineta International airports since July 1. Six were arrested at SFO, while four were at SJC.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>San Francisco and Alameda County Rapid Response Networks said they weren’t able to provide a full account of arrests at airports for their counties’ residents, but both said the practice is becoming more regular.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We’ve been seeing an uptick in reports, not just from the Bay Area, but from around the country, of similar arrests,” Preciado said. “It’s definitely been a lot more consistently that we’ve heard of this happening.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Arrests of domestic travelers have become more common in the last year, as the Trump administration has significantly expanded Immigration and Customs Enforcement operations and budget over the last year and a half. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The first known airport arrest of a Santa Clara County resident at the San José Airport was in November, according to the county’s rapid response network spokesperson. Since then, the network has recorded a few arrests each month. In March, a mother and daughter who lived in Contra Costa County were detained at SFO, drawing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12082395/san-francisco-condemns-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-actions-at-sfo-airport\">broad condemnation\u003c/a> for the arrests in a sanctuary city.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The March detention sparked controversy again after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/24/us/tsa-data-ice-deportation-san-francisco-airport.html\">\u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a> reporting found that the Transportation Security Agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12077581/bay-area-officials-raise-privacy-concerns-after-ice-arrest-at-sfo\">tipped off immigration officials\u003c/a> that the pair would be traveling after their names showed up on a flight’s passenger list. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The TSA has said that information sharing is routine and legal because the agency is a part of the Department of Homeland Security. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It is not new policy to share information between the agencies of the Department of Homeland Security,” TSA’s acting director Ha Nguyen McNeill said during a Congressional hearing in January. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We are supporting the mission of our colleagues at the Department of Homeland Security, and that includes enforcement of immigration laws,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Still, Milli Atkinson, director of the Immigrant Legal Defense Program at the San Francisco Bar Association, said the uptick in arrests indicates that TSA may be sharing passenger information more frequently than in the past. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-87-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12067062\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-87-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-87-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-SFOEATING-87-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Passengers wait for their flight at San Francisco International Airport on Dec. 10, 2025. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“What we’re seeing now is ICE showing up at airports because they have information about travelers, they have ID information,” she said. “It just appears that TSA is now cooperating with ICE at a level that we haven’t seen before.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the Santa Clara rapid response network said the coalition has seen airport arrests of people who have overstayed tourist visas, asylum seekers with open cases and permanent residents who may have had prior interaction with law enforcement that might show up on their record. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>If people without legal status choose to travel, Preciado and other advocates suggest people consult an attorney who can provide a “full understanding of what risks they’re going to be undertaking.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now is not a safe time to be traveling through airports unless you’ve spoken to an attorney and you assess what risk there is,” Atkinson told KQED on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "san-francisco-judge-to-weigh-the-fate-of-trial-in-ice-officer-assault-case",
"title": "San Francisco Judge to Weigh the Fate of Trial in ICE Officer Assault Case",
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"headTitle": "San Francisco Judge to Weigh the Fate of Trial in ICE Officer Assault Case | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A San Francisco judge will soon decide whether or not to proceed with the criminal trial of a man charged with assaulting \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ice\">an Immigration and Customs Enforcement officer.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Caleb Alexander Ranney was arrested on Aug. 8, 2025, at 630 Sansome St., the city’s ICE field office and detention facility, after an hourslong standoff between protesters and ICE agents. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Roughly 10 protesters were outside when two vans left the building at 3:18 p.m., escorted by about a dozen uniformed officers who pointed pepper ball rifles and batons at the crowd, according to \u003ca href=\"https://missionlocal.org/2025/08/ice-tackles-detains-protesters/\">\u003cem>Mission Local\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, which obtained a video detailing the incident.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The outlet reported that ICE officers tackled and detained two protesters outside the building at around 3:25 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Protesters at the scene later told \u003cem>Mission Local\u003c/em> that approximately three minutes after detaining the protesters, officers fired pepper balls under the garage door.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12061608\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Led by Aztec traditional dancers, demonstrators march around the ICE Field Office on Sansome Street in San Francisco on Oct. 24, 2025, calling for the agency’s removal from the city. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Prosecutors charged Ranney in December with two misdemeanors: assaulting a federal officer and destroying government property. They submitted the charges by information — a document that the U.S. Attorney’s Office files directly, without having to go through a grand jury.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The document alleges that Ranney “forcibly assaulted, resisted, opposed, impeded, intimidated, and interfered with” an ICE deportation officer it identifies only as “Victim One,” and that he damaged a secure vehicle entrance on the Jackson Street side of the building.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Jury selection is scheduled to begin Monday.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Ranney’s defense has asked the U.S. District Judge Thomas S. Hixson, who will preside over the trial, to consider the actions by a different officer at the scene: Federal Protective Service Inspector Stephen Glumaz. The public defenders alleged that Glumaz fired pepper ball rounds into the crowd shortly before the alleged assault. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The latest motion from Ranney’s defense marks the third allegation that the government mishandled evidence in the case. Hixson has already ruled that agents unconstitutionally searched Ranney’s backpack, and separately sanctioned the government for losing or destroying items taken from it, though he declined to dismiss the case on those grounds. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12043374\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Anti-ICE protesters chant over SFPD officers during a demonstration outside the ICE offices in San Francisco on June 8, 2025. (Aryk Copley for KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The defense now argues that those episodes amount to “a pattern of misconduct by government agents with regard to the search in this case, spoliation of evidence, and lying about it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In June, prosecutors left Glumaz off their witness list, and the defense subpoenaed him on July 9 to testify at trial.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to the motion, Glumaz’s supervisor emailed him on March 25 to inform him that he had been decertified “as a PepperBall and FN303 operator” and could not possess or operate either weapon until further notice. The last line of that email, defense attorneys wrote, said the decertification was “in connection with the use of force incidents” on Aug. 8 and Aug. 20, 2025.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The motion said that prosecutors did not turn that email over until the evening of July 22 — nearly four months after it was sent — and five days before trial. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Whether Glumaz has since regained his certification is not clear from the filings.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Not only was this the first time that the defense was made aware that Inspector Glumaz’s decertification from use of the pepper ball gun was caused by his actions on the date of the charged incident,” the motion stated, “this was also the first time the defense was made aware that Inspector Glumaz (or any other involved agent who was part of the same team) was involved in the subsequent protest on August 20, 2025.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In an earlier filing, the defense pointed to surveillance footage, saying that it shows “a federal officer firing multiple pepper balls at unarmed protesters less than a minute before Mr. Ranney allegedly assaulted an ICE officer.” The defense said it may argue that Ranney acted in self-defense.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Under the 1963 Supreme Court ruling in \u003cem>Brady v. Maryland\u003c/em>, prosecutors must turn over evidence favorable to the defense regardless of whether or not it is requested.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The withheld material supports a claim that officers used excessive force, Assistant Public Defenders Angela Chuang and Samantha Jaffe said, and can help determine whether they were lawfully carrying out their duties when the alleged assault occurred.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>None of the named officers have responded publicly, and prosecutors have not yet filed their response to the motion. Under the schedule Hixson set for July 30, the government’s response is due by end of day Friday. The judge is scheduled to take up the motion at 9 a.m. Monday — the hour the trial is set to begin.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12043271\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-11-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Protesters link arms during an anti-ICE protest on June 8, 2025. (Aryk Copley for KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Prosecutors objected at Thursday’s hearing to the defense’s follow-up discovery demands — such as personnel files, use-of-force reports, agent text messages, and records from other San Francisco protests involving the same agents. The defense’s motion said prosecutors called their demands overly broad or unworkable.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>If Hixson does decline to dismiss the case, the defense said, they are asking him to instruct jurors that the government violated its disclosure obligations. That instruction would allow jurors to weigh the violation when they deliberate.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Ranney is not in custody and has been under pretrial supervision since December — when his first court appearance took place. According to the motion, Hixson warned prosecutors that failing to meet their disclosure obligations could result in dismissal.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Attorney’s Office did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Caleb Alexander Ranney was arrested on Aug. 8, 2025, at 630 Sansome St., the city’s ICE field office and detention facility, after an hourslong standoff between protesters and ICE agents. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Caleb Alexander Ranney was arrested on Aug. 8, 2025, at 630 Sansome St., the city’s ICE field office and detention facility, after an hourslong standoff between protesters and ICE agents. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Roughly 10 protesters were outside when two vans left the building at 3:18 p.m., escorted by about a dozen uniformed officers who pointed pepper ball rifles and batons at the crowd, according to \u003ca href=\"https://missionlocal.org/2025/08/ice-tackles-detains-protesters/\">\u003cem>Mission Local\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, which obtained a video detailing the incident.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Roughly 10 protesters were outside when two vans left the building at 3:18 p.m., escorted by about a dozen uniformed officers who pointed pepper ball rifles and batons at the crowd, according to \u003ca href=\"https://missionlocal.org/2025/08/ice-tackles-detains-protesters/\">\u003cem>Mission Local\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, which obtained a video detailing the incident.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The outlet reported that ICE officers tackled and detained two protesters outside the building at around 3:25 p.m.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The outlet reported that ICE officers tackled and detained two protesters outside the building at around 3:25 p.m.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Protesters at the scene later told \u003cem>Mission Local\u003c/em> that approximately three minutes after detaining the protesters, officers fired pepper balls under the garage door.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Protesters at the scene later told \u003cem>Mission Local\u003c/em> that approximately three minutes after detaining the protesters, officers fired pepper balls under the garage door.\u003c/p>\n"
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"sizes": "(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12061608\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Led by Aztec traditional dancers, demonstrators march around the ICE Field Office on Sansome Street in San Francisco on Oct. 24, 2025, calling for the agency’s removal from the city.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12061608\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Led by Aztec traditional dancers, demonstrators march around the ICE Field Office on Sansome Street in San Francisco on Oct. 24, 2025, calling for the agency’s removal from the city.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Prosecutors charged Ranney in December with two misdemeanors: assaulting a federal officer and destroying government property. They submitted the charges by information — a document that the U.S. Attorney’s Office files directly, without having to go through a grand jury.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Prosecutors charged Ranney in December with two misdemeanors: assaulting a federal officer and destroying government property. They submitted the charges by information — a document that the U.S. Attorney’s Office files directly, without having to go through a grand jury.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The document alleges that Ranney “forcibly assaulted, resisted, opposed, impeded, intimidated, and interfered with” an ICE deportation officer it identifies only as “Victim One,” and that he damaged a secure vehicle entrance on the Jackson Street side of the building.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The document alleges that Ranney “forcibly assaulted, resisted, opposed, impeded, intimidated, and interfered with” an ICE deportation officer it identifies only as “Victim One,” and that he damaged a secure vehicle entrance on the Jackson Street side of the building.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Jury selection is scheduled to begin Monday.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Ranney’s defense has asked the U.S. District Judge Thomas S. Hixson, who will preside over the trial, to consider the actions by a different officer at the scene: Federal Protective Service Inspector Stephen Glumaz. The public defenders alleged that Glumaz fired pepper ball rounds into the crowd shortly before the alleged assault. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Ranney’s defense has asked the U.S. District Judge Thomas S. Hixson, who will preside over the trial, to consider the actions by a different officer at the scene: Federal Protective Service Inspector Stephen Glumaz. The public defenders alleged that Glumaz fired pepper ball rounds into the crowd shortly before the alleged assault. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The latest motion from Ranney’s defense marks the third allegation that the government mishandled evidence in the case. Hixson has already ruled that agents unconstitutionally searched Ranney’s backpack, and separately sanctioned the government for losing or destroying items taken from it, though he declined to dismiss the case on those grounds. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The latest motion from Ranney’s defense marks the third allegation that the government mishandled evidence in the case. Hixson has already ruled that agents unconstitutionally searched Ranney’s backpack, and separately sanctioned the government for losing or destroying items taken from it, though he declined to dismiss the case on those grounds. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12043374\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Anti-ICE protesters chant over SFPD officers during a demonstration outside the ICE offices in San Francisco on June 8, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The defense now argues that those episodes amount to “a pattern of misconduct by government agents with regard to the search in this case, spoliation of evidence, and lying about it.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The defense now argues that those episodes amount to “a pattern of misconduct by government agents with regard to the search in this case, spoliation of evidence, and lying about it.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In June, prosecutors left Glumaz off their witness list, and the defense subpoenaed him on July 9 to testify at trial.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In June, prosecutors left Glumaz off their witness list, and the defense subpoenaed him on July 9 to testify at trial.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>According to the motion, Glumaz’s supervisor emailed him on March 25 to inform him that he had been decertified “as a PepperBall and FN303 operator” and could not possess or operate either weapon until further notice. The last line of that email, defense attorneys wrote, said the decertification was “in connection with the use of force incidents” on Aug. 8 and Aug. 20, 2025.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>According to the motion, Glumaz’s supervisor emailed him on March 25 to inform him that he had been decertified “as a PepperBall and FN303 operator” and could not possess or operate either weapon until further notice. The last line of that email, defense attorneys wrote, said the decertification was “in connection with the use of force incidents” on Aug. 8 and Aug. 20, 2025.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The motion said that prosecutors did not turn that email over until the evening of July 22 — nearly four months after it was sent — and five days before trial. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Whether Glumaz has since regained his certification is not clear from the filings.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Not only was this the first time that the defense was made aware that Inspector Glumaz’s decertification from use of the pepper ball gun was caused by his actions on the date of the charged incident,” the motion stated, “this was also the first time the defense was made aware that Inspector Glumaz (or any other involved agent who was part of the same team) was involved in the subsequent protest on August 20, 2025.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In an earlier filing, the defense pointed to surveillance footage, saying that it shows “a federal officer firing multiple pepper balls at unarmed protesters less than a minute before Mr. Ranney allegedly assaulted an ICE officer.” The defense said it may argue that Ranney acted in self-defense.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In an earlier filing, the defense pointed to surveillance footage, saying that it shows “a federal officer firing multiple pepper balls at unarmed protesters less than a minute before Mr. Ranney allegedly assaulted an ICE officer.” The defense said it may argue that Ranney acted in self-defense.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Under the 1963 Supreme Court ruling in \u003cem>Brady v. Maryland\u003c/em>, prosecutors must turn over evidence favorable to the defense regardless of whether or not it is requested.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Under the 1963 Supreme Court ruling in \u003cem>Brady v. Maryland\u003c/em>, prosecutors must turn over evidence favorable to the defense regardless of whether or not it is requested.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The withheld material supports a claim that officers used excessive force, Assistant Public Defenders Angela Chuang and Samantha Jaffe said, and can help determine whether they were lawfully carrying out their duties when the alleged assault occurred.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The withheld material supports a claim that officers used excessive force, Assistant Public Defenders Angela Chuang and Samantha Jaffe said, and can help determine whether they were lawfully carrying out their duties when the alleged assault occurred.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>None of the named officers have responded publicly, and prosecutors have not yet filed their response to the motion. Under the schedule Hixson set for July 30, the government’s response is due by end of day Friday. The judge is scheduled to take up the motion at 9 a.m. Monday — the hour the trial is set to begin.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>None of the named officers have responded publicly, and prosecutors have not yet filed their response to the motion. Under the schedule Hixson set for July 30, the government’s response is due by end of day Friday. The judge is scheduled to take up the motion at 9 a.m. Monday — the hour the trial is set to begin.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Prosecutors objected at Thursday’s hearing to the defense’s follow-up discovery demands — such as personnel files, use-of-force reports, agent text messages, and records from other San Francisco protests involving the same agents. The defense’s motion said prosecutors called their demands overly broad or unworkable.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Prosecutors objected at Thursday’s hearing to the defense’s follow-up discovery demands — such as personnel files, use-of-force reports, agent text messages, and records from other San Francisco protests involving the same agents. The defense’s motion said prosecutors called their demands overly broad or unworkable.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>If Hixson does decline to dismiss the case, the defense said, they are asking him to instruct jurors that the government violated its disclosure obligations. That instruction would allow jurors to weigh the violation when they deliberate.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>If Hixson does decline to dismiss the case, the defense said, they are asking him to instruct jurors that the government violated its disclosure obligations. That instruction would allow jurors to weigh the violation when they deliberate.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Ranney is not in custody and has been under pretrial supervision since December — when his first court appearance took place. According to the motion, Hixson warned prosecutors that failing to meet their disclosure obligations could result in dismissal.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Ranney is not in custody and has been under pretrial supervision since December — when his first court appearance took place. According to the motion, Hixson warned prosecutors that failing to meet their disclosure obligations could result in dismissal.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The U.S. Attorney’s Office did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Ranney’s lawyers argue that the government withheld critical evidence in his case.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A San Francisco judge will soon decide whether or not to proceed with the criminal trial of a man charged with assaulting \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ice\">an Immigration and Customs Enforcement officer.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Caleb Alexander Ranney was arrested on Aug. 8, 2025, at 630 Sansome St., the city’s ICE field office and detention facility, after an hourslong standoff between protesters and ICE agents. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Roughly 10 protesters were outside when two vans left the building at 3:18 p.m., escorted by about a dozen uniformed officers who pointed pepper ball rifles and batons at the crowd, according to \u003ca href=\"https://missionlocal.org/2025/08/ice-tackles-detains-protesters/\">\u003cem>Mission Local\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, which obtained a video detailing the incident.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The outlet reported that ICE officers tackled and detained two protesters outside the building at around 3:25 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Protesters at the scene later told \u003cem>Mission Local\u003c/em> that approximately three minutes after detaining the protesters, officers fired pepper balls under the garage door.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12061608\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251024-ICEPROTEST-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Led by Aztec traditional dancers, demonstrators march around the ICE Field Office on Sansome Street in San Francisco on Oct. 24, 2025, calling for the agency’s removal from the city. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Prosecutors charged Ranney in December with two misdemeanors: assaulting a federal officer and destroying government property. They submitted the charges by information — a document that the U.S. Attorney’s Office files directly, without having to go through a grand jury.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The document alleges that Ranney “forcibly assaulted, resisted, opposed, impeded, intimidated, and interfered with” an ICE deportation officer it identifies only as “Victim One,” and that he damaged a secure vehicle entrance on the Jackson Street side of the building.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Jury selection is scheduled to begin Monday.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Ranney’s defense has asked the U.S. District Judge Thomas S. Hixson, who will preside over the trial, to consider the actions by a different officer at the scene: Federal Protective Service Inspector Stephen Glumaz. The public defenders alleged that Glumaz fired pepper ball rounds into the crowd shortly before the alleged assault. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The latest motion from Ranney’s defense marks the third allegation that the government mishandled evidence in the case. Hixson has already ruled that agents unconstitutionally searched Ranney’s backpack, and separately sanctioned the government for losing or destroying items taken from it, though he declined to dismiss the case on those grounds. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12043374\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-17-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Anti-ICE protesters chant over SFPD officers during a demonstration outside the ICE offices in San Francisco on June 8, 2025. (Aryk Copley for KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The defense now argues that those episodes amount to “a pattern of misconduct by government agents with regard to the search in this case, spoliation of evidence, and lying about it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In June, prosecutors left Glumaz off their witness list, and the defense subpoenaed him on July 9 to testify at trial.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to the motion, Glumaz’s supervisor emailed him on March 25 to inform him that he had been decertified “as a PepperBall and FN303 operator” and could not possess or operate either weapon until further notice. The last line of that email, defense attorneys wrote, said the decertification was “in connection with the use of force incidents” on Aug. 8 and Aug. 20, 2025.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The motion said that prosecutors did not turn that email over until the evening of July 22 — nearly four months after it was sent — and five days before trial. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Whether Glumaz has since regained his certification is not clear from the filings.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Not only was this the first time that the defense was made aware that Inspector Glumaz’s decertification from use of the pepper ball gun was caused by his actions on the date of the charged incident,” the motion stated, “this was also the first time the defense was made aware that Inspector Glumaz (or any other involved agent who was part of the same team) was involved in the subsequent protest on August 20, 2025.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In an earlier filing, the defense pointed to surveillance footage, saying that it shows “a federal officer firing multiple pepper balls at unarmed protesters less than a minute before Mr. Ranney allegedly assaulted an ICE officer.” The defense said it may argue that Ranney acted in self-defense.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Under the 1963 Supreme Court ruling in \u003cem>Brady v. Maryland\u003c/em>, prosecutors must turn over evidence favorable to the defense regardless of whether or not it is requested.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The withheld material supports a claim that officers used excessive force, Assistant Public Defenders Angela Chuang and Samantha Jaffe said, and can help determine whether they were lawfully carrying out their duties when the alleged assault occurred.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>None of the named officers have responded publicly, and prosecutors have not yet filed their response to the motion. Under the schedule Hixson set for July 30, the government’s response is due by end of day Friday. The judge is scheduled to take up the motion at 9 a.m. Monday — the hour the trial is set to begin.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12043271\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250608-ICE-OUT-OF-THE-BAY-AC-11-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Protesters link arms during an anti-ICE protest on June 8, 2025. (Aryk Copley for KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Prosecutors objected at Thursday’s hearing to the defense’s follow-up discovery demands — such as personnel files, use-of-force reports, agent text messages, and records from other San Francisco protests involving the same agents. The defense’s motion said prosecutors called their demands overly broad or unworkable.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>If Hixson does decline to dismiss the case, the defense said, they are asking him to instruct jurors that the government violated its disclosure obligations. That instruction would allow jurors to weigh the violation when they deliberate.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Ranney is not in custody and has been under pretrial supervision since December — when his first court appearance took place. According to the motion, Hixson warned prosecutors that failing to meet their disclosure obligations could result in dismissal.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Attorney’s Office did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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