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"disqusTitle": "Priests Who Fled Iraq Suspended; San Diegans Appeal to Vatican",
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"content": "\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/173696112\" params=\"color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false&show_user=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"20\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 2 p.m.: \u003c/strong>\u003cem>The regional Chaldean Catholic diocese now says canon law does allow Rev. Gorgis and the other priests to continue working until word comes down from the Vatican. Gorgis has resumed his ministry work.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just 14 priests serve the tens of thousands of Chaldean Catholics who have emigrated from Iraq to the western United States. A church leader in Iraq has suspended seven of those priests, including the Rev. Noel Gorgis in El Cajon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patriarch Louis Raphael Sako, the head of the church, wants the Iraqi-American priests who fled violence in Iraq to return home or leave the church. San Diego County Chaldeans oppose that and say they will appeal to the Vatican to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'These 10 priests are not sacrificial lambs. We’re not going to let them be sent back like cattle to a slaughter.'\u003ccite>Mark Arabo, spokesman for the Chaldean-American community\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://saint-adday.com/permalink/6672.html\">memo\u003c/a> issued last month by Sako lists 10 priests who fled violence in Iraq and started churches in their new homes. The memo said they were to return to Iraq by Oct. 22, 2014, or face suspension. The reason: The church never officially approved their moves, which were mostly to escape the Gulf War in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regional Chaldean Catholic diocese in San Diego has sent several appeals to Sako but learned Wednesday that Father Noel, as he is called in the community, and several other priests in California must cease ministry work as they await a response from Pope Francis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2014/aug/06/san-diego-businessman-meeting-top-white-house-offi/\">Mark Arabo\u003c/a> is a spokesman for the Chaldean community and says parishioners are dumbfounded by Sako's actions. In recent months, ISIS militants have \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2014/aug/20/inside-asylum-process-could-bring-more-iraqis-san-/\">displaced thousands of Catholics and other religious minorities\u003c/a> in a bloody offensive across Iraq and Syria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10345091\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 336px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10345091 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako-400x572.jpg\" alt=\"Louis Sako (DIETER NAGL/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"336\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako-400x572.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako-800x1145.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Louis Raphael Sako, head of the Chaldean Catholic Church, wants Iraqi-American priests who fled violence in Iraq to return home or leave the church. (DIETER NAGL/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"These 10 priests are not sacrificial lambs. We're not going to let them be sent back like cattle to a slaughter,\" Arabo said. \"Because in Iraq right now, they're slaughtering priests, they're slaughtering people, they're bombing churches.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego County Chaldeans are invited to an emergency mass Wednesday evening at St. Peter Chaldean Catholic Cathedral in El Cajon. In accordance with canon law, Gorgis will have to hand the service off to two other priests at the church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arabo said the suspension will force the church to cut some services and could affect prayer groups, confession and baptisms.\u003cbr>\nChaldean churches in Orange and Riverside counties and the Central Valley are also affected by Sako's decree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arabo speculated that Sako recalling the priests shows the \"growing disconnect between himself and our people.\" About 80,000 Iraqi immigrants, many of them Chaldeans, live in eastern San Diego County. About 250,000 live in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='20'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/173696112&visual=true&color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false&show_user=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/173696112'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 2 p.m.: \u003c/strong>\u003cem>The regional Chaldean Catholic diocese now says canon law does allow Rev. Gorgis and the other priests to continue working until word comes down from the Vatican. Gorgis has resumed his ministry work.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just 14 priests serve the tens of thousands of Chaldean Catholics who have emigrated from Iraq to the western United States. A church leader in Iraq has suspended seven of those priests, including the Rev. Noel Gorgis in El Cajon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patriarch Louis Raphael Sako, the head of the church, wants the Iraqi-American priests who fled violence in Iraq to return home or leave the church. San Diego County Chaldeans oppose that and say they will appeal to the Vatican to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'These 10 priests are not sacrificial lambs. We’re not going to let them be sent back like cattle to a slaughter.'\u003ccite>Mark Arabo, spokesman for the Chaldean-American community\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://saint-adday.com/permalink/6672.html\">memo\u003c/a> issued last month by Sako lists 10 priests who fled violence in Iraq and started churches in their new homes. The memo said they were to return to Iraq by Oct. 22, 2014, or face suspension. The reason: The church never officially approved their moves, which were mostly to escape the Gulf War in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regional Chaldean Catholic diocese in San Diego has sent several appeals to Sako but learned Wednesday that Father Noel, as he is called in the community, and several other priests in California must cease ministry work as they await a response from Pope Francis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2014/aug/06/san-diego-businessman-meeting-top-white-house-offi/\">Mark Arabo\u003c/a> is a spokesman for the Chaldean community and says parishioners are dumbfounded by Sako's actions. In recent months, ISIS militants have \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2014/aug/20/inside-asylum-process-could-bring-more-iraqis-san-/\">displaced thousands of Catholics and other religious minorities\u003c/a> in a bloody offensive across Iraq and Syria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10345091\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 336px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10345091 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako-400x572.jpg\" alt=\"Louis Sako (DIETER NAGL/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"336\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako-400x572.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako-800x1145.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/LouisSako.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Louis Raphael Sako, head of the Chaldean Catholic Church, wants Iraqi-American priests who fled violence in Iraq to return home or leave the church. (DIETER NAGL/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"These 10 priests are not sacrificial lambs. We're not going to let them be sent back like cattle to a slaughter,\" Arabo said. \"Because in Iraq right now, they're slaughtering priests, they're slaughtering people, they're bombing churches.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego County Chaldeans are invited to an emergency mass Wednesday evening at St. Peter Chaldean Catholic Cathedral in El Cajon. In accordance with canon law, Gorgis will have to hand the service off to two other priests at the church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arabo said the suspension will force the church to cut some services and could affect prayer groups, confession and baptisms.\u003cbr>\nChaldean churches in Orange and Riverside counties and the Central Valley are also affected by Sako's decree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arabo speculated that Sako recalling the priests shows the \"growing disconnect between himself and our people.\" About 80,000 Iraqi immigrants, many of them Chaldeans, live in eastern San Diego County. About 250,000 live in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Teens' Life-and-Death Struggle for Asylum in America",
"title": "Teens' Life-and-Death Struggle for Asylum in America",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/171211484\" params=\"color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false&show_user=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"20\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported in collaboration with \u003ca href=\"http://www.publicintegrity.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Center for Public Integrity\u003c/a>, a nonprofit, nonpartisan investigative news organization in Washington, D.C.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LOS ANGELES -- While other kids enjoyed summer break, a teenager with more on her mind slipped into her only dressy jacket and traveled south to Anaheim, to a nondescript building housing the local office of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lithe and athletic, the girl knew she'd be less than a mile from Disneyland, \"the happiest place on Earth.\" But for Maria, a pseudonym, fun was a luxury she couldn't afford that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the tender age of 15, she faced an interview to plead, essentially, for her life -- to ask for \u003ca href=\"https://www.publicintegrity.org/juvenile-justice\" target=\"_blank\">refuge from violence\u003c/a> so chilling her family thought it better to \u003ca href=\"https://www.publicintegrity.org/2014/07/18/15120/trains-amputations-and-roots-why-kids-are-run\" target=\"_blank\">smuggle her\u003c/a> to the United States, in the spring of 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Two years ago a friend of mine died in a very cold-blooded way. She died cut to pieces,\" Maria said in Spanish, beginning to recount what she told a U.S. asylum officer. \"My best friend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she recalled the story again, her soft voice trembled; tears ran down her cheeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said police in El Salvador asked her to identify body parts pulled from a bag dumped in a river -- she recognized her friend's birthmark on one of the legs. She said she also witnessed a boy shot and dragged off after a soccer game -- he was later found hanged. And before she fled, Maria said, she'd been asking her father, a U.S. truck driver, for more and more money so she could pay murderous \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=ms-13\" target=\"_blank\">MS-13\u003c/a> gangsters $60 a month to leave her alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342773\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10342773\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa-400x283.jpg\" alt=\"Maria pleaded with her father (R) to get her out of El Salvador. Gangsters had begun to demand that Maria hand over money sent by her father. (Alexis Kenyon/Center for Public Integrity)\" width=\"400\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa-400x283.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa-800x566.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria pleaded with her father (R) to get her out of El Salvador. Gangsters had begun to demand that Maria hand over money sent by her father. (Alexis Kenyon/Center for Public Integrity)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I was traumatized,\" Maria sobbed. \"I still am from seeing that body split apart. That dismembered head. Those arms. ... As time went by, I didn't want to go out, or eat, or do anything. The only thing I wanted to do was to die. I told myself that the same thing could happen to me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the 90-minute interview, the asylum officer told Maria she might know the outcome of her request in two weeks. More than three months later, after starting 11th grade this fall at an LA public high school, she was still waiting for an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Test for U.S. Asylum\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In coming months, the American asylum system's treatment of young people like Maria will be tested as never before -- on U.S. soil and in Central America as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge to the system's integrity and humanitarian obligations follows an 88 percent increase in \"unaccompanied minors\" seized at the border this year. More than 66,000 kids traveling without parents were \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-border-unaccompanied-children\" target=\"_blank\">apprehended by the Border Patrol \u003c/a>between October 2013 and the end of August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News footage showed minors from Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala simply walking up to agents to be taken in. Now a record number are expected to apply for asylum based on gang persecution, a basis for refugee status that's becoming more common. It's also a highly debated area of law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House on Sept. 30 approved a plan to allow a limited number of minors to apply for refugee status -- the equivalent of asylum -- from inside those three Central American countries if their parents are in the U.S. with legal status, including, potentially, parents with temporary legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan echoes in-country refugee screenings in the past inside Haiti and Vietnam. But just like Maria, who crossed the border illegally in 2013, children in home countries will face eligibility requirements for asylum refugee status that go beyond experiencing fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The asylum application system for minors on U.S. territory has been designed, over time, to be deliberative and compassionate, yet it is by no means a sure thing for kids like Maria.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"As traumatic as it is seeing your friend or family member executed by a gang...generally speaking that would not be considered grounds for a refugee definition.\"\u003ccite>Former Asylum Officer Christopher Manny\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In the court of U.S. public opinion, some have already reacted with unvarnished hostility to the flood of teens and preteens and their claims to be seeking a haven from relentless violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're going to be sucking us dry,\" Cape Cod resident Mary Woodruff \u003ca href=\"http://radioboston.wbur.org/2014/07/24/immigrant-children\" target=\"_blank\">said\u003c/a>, as Boston's WBUR radio taped public debate over a proposal to shelter detained kids at a National Guard base in the popular vacation region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the public writ large seems to be conflicted. Fifty-two percent of respondents in an \u003ca href=\"http://ap-gfkpoll.com/main/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/AP-GfK-July-2014-Poll-Topline-FINAL-Immigration.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Associated Press-GfK opinion poll\u003c/a> in late July said children claiming to be fleeing gang violence shouldn't be treated as refugees in need of asylum. Yet a survey by the nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"http://publicreligion.org/research/2014/07/july-2014-unaccompanied-minors/\" target=\"_blank\">Public Religion Research Institute \u003c/a>the same month found 69 percent support for allowing minors to stay if U.S. authorities decided it was unsafe for them to be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors have an indisputable right to request an immigration hearing and seek asylum, but immigration skeptics want these kids to be treated more like adults who are subjected to rapid \"credible fear\" tests that can lead to their \"expedited deportation.\" Refugee rights advocates, meanwhile, are trying to make sure these kids -- who have no right to appointed counsel -- have help from attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As federal officials rush to prioritize resolution of minors' applications, members of Congress are aggressively attacking the current asylum system as well as children's claims they actually face mortal threats. Meanwhile, pro bono lawyers are struggling to document horrors some teens have faced -- while line-level asylum officers face decisions about matters children tell them could mean life or death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Truth About Terror Not Enough\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To win asylum, or refugee status, even children have to go beyond simply proving that they're being truthful about terrifying experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While age should be taken into account in making the persecution determination,\" says an asylum officers' \u003ca href=\"http://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Humanitarian/Refugees%20%26%20Asylum/Asylum/AOBTC%20Lesson%20Plans/Guidelines-for-Childrens-Asylum-Claims-31aug10.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">training guide\u003c/a>, \"not all harm to a child, including physical mistreatment and detention, constitutes persecution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342776\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10342776\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip-400x286.jpg\" alt=\"While spending time with family in Los Angeles she hasn’t met before, Maria tries to relax and enjoy feeling safer. (Alexis Kenyon/Center for Public Integrity)\" width=\"400\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip-400x286.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip-800x573.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While spending time with family in Los Angeles she hasn’t met before, Maria tries to relax and enjoy feeling safer. (Alexis Kenyon/Center for Public Integrity)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Department of Homeland Security declined a request to speak with an active asylum officer. But Christopher Manny, a former asylum officer in Chicago and Miami, explained the constraints of the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As traumatic as it is seeing your friend or family member executed by a gang for refusing recruitment or refusing an extortion demand,\" Manny said, \"generally speaking that would not be considered grounds for a refugee definition.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers must also be convinced, Manny said, that children's suffering had a \"nexus,\" or was rooted in a persecutor's intent to harm them because of one or more of five reasons: religious or political persuasion, race, nationality or because they belong to an identifiable \"social group\" that's persecuted and unprotected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since minors, like adults, have no right to the appointment of counsel in deportation or asylum proceedings, they largely depend on nonprofit and pro bono attorneys who often need crash courses from colleagues because they've never studied asylum law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State bar associations have put out calls for members to volunteer -- beginning with initial appearances the kids make before immigration judges. Kids are also showing up for help at advocacy groups like Los Angeles' Esperanza Immigrant Rights Project, Chicago's National Immigrant Justice Center and Washington D.C.'s Capital Area Immigrants' Rights Coalition, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kids in Need of Defense, a nonprofit in the nation's capital, is scrambling to match Central American minors with counsel from a pool of 8,000 potential pro bono lawyers nationwide that the group has developed at law firms, corporations and law schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, as part of the budget process, Congress rejected a White House request for $64 million to hire more immigration judges to clear backlogs that delay cases for years and to provide other legal support, including $15 million in direct representation for kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department, though, is pressing ahead with \u003ca href=\"http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-and-cncs-announce-18-million-grants-enhance-immigration-court-proceedings\" target=\"_blank\">$1.8 million in grants\u003c/a> to groups to bolster legal representation for kids under 16. The Department of Health and Human Services, which runs shelters for the minors, announced in late September that it's providing $9 million in grants for two years to fund nonprofit legal aid groups that provide counsel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear exactly how many kids will get counsel, but it can clearly make a difference. A recent \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/359/\" target=\"_blank\">analysis\u003c/a> of a decade's worth of immigration court records showed that 43 percent of about 100,000 juveniles in the courts had counsel. About half of those kids were ultimately allowed to stay for various reasons, asylum among them. Only one in 10 without counsel was successful, according to researchers at Syracuse University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342968\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10342968 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa-400x360.jpg\" alt=\"San Diego-area Rep. Darrell Issa (R) downplayed the role of gang violence in creating the recent surge among children. (NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"400\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa-400x360.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa-800x721.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In a June hearing, Rep. Darrell Issa (R) downplayed the role of gang violence in creating the recent child immigrant surge, saying \"You’re seeing...a flood of illegals coming here prepped to say whatever they need to say to get to stay here.\" (NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"An attorney is so, so central,\" said \u003ca href=\"http://cgrs.uchastings.edu/about/bio/lisa-frydman\" target=\"_blank\">Lisa Frydman\u003c/a>, managing director of the Center for Gender and Refugee Studies at the University of California Hastings College of the Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"How does a child begin to understand what kinds of evidence they have to put together,\" Frydman said, \"or begin to understand what the definition of a refugee even means?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comprehending the intricacies of the law is just one challenge; lawyers also face the daunting task of figuring out how to gather statements and relevant evidence from foreign countries where people are often terrified to hand over records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under current federal law -- laws some in Congress now want changed -- minors who arrive on their own must be released from Border Patrol custody and placed in shelters within 72 hours. They receive basic child-friendly legal briefings. And if they are from \"non-contiguous\" countries, like those in Central America, they must be given a date to appear before an immigration judge before they can be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a child decides to seek asylum, immigration judges transfer their cases for judgment to the U.S. Asylum Office system, which is part of the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If asylum officers don't subsequently find children eligible for asylum, their cases return to immigration courts, where they can again argue for asylum in a hearing that can be more adversarial, with a government attorney cross-examining them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sorting It Out\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As images of minors crossing the border began to dominate news programs and talk shows, the issue quickly morphed into a political football laced with confusing accusations and misleading statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between October and the end of June, more than 1,500 asylum requests were filed by unaccompanied minors. They added up to only 4 percent of all asylum applications nationally during that time. But minors' requests did more than double in less than a year. By the end of June, about 2,180 cases -- including Maria's, in Anaheim -- were pending resolution nationwide, according to data provided by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342961\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10342961\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart-400x283.jpg\" alt=\"The number of unaccompanied minors from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras has soared since 2013, while fewer are arriving from Mexico. (Courtesy Center for Public Integrity)\" width=\"400\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart-400x283.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart-800x567.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The number of unaccompanied minors from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras has soared since 2013, while fewer are arriving from Mexico. (Courtesy Center for Public Integrity)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the first nine months of the 2014 fiscal year, 65 percent of kids interviewed by asylum officers were granted refuge -- a rate criticized as excessive in a widely covered \u003ca href=\"http://judiciary.house.gov/index.cfm/press-releases?ID=D9573AEB-21E9-453A-BE8D-AF01A482E9B7\" target=\"_blank\">press release\u003c/a> issued in July by House of Representatives Judiciary Committee Chairman Bob Goodlatte, a Virginia Republican who opposes federal expenditures on counsel for unaccompanied minors. He declined to comment further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goodlatte's July release alleged that too many kids were being rushed to undeserving asylum status on the basis of \"proven or possible fraud,\" citing an internal report from the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the release didn't say was that the overall numbers of kids approved during that time frame was modest: just 108 minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 other cases were sent to immigration judges for what amounts to an appeal. Thirty-eight additional cases were closed for reasons that included failure to appear. Only two of the 108 minors approved were new arrivals who came in during the nine-month time frame; the rest were kids who had arrived earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>U.S. Government Reports on Brutal Gangs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that recent nine-month period, some 90 percent of the kids interviewed by asylum officers were represented by counsel. On average, up to now, most minors have taken more than 300 days to file formal application forms. Because kids are kids, and are frightened, lawyers say, it can take weeks, even months, to fully understand what happened to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum officers attempt to resolve cases within a few months of receiving an application. Kids' lawyers say the process is accelerating now that the Department of Homeland Security, the umbrella agency handling border and immigration matters, has made minors' cases a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help frame minors' stories, lawyers say they routinely submit, with applications, U.S. government reports acknowledging the pervasive, brutal control organized-crime rings now exert in Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the U.S. Treasury Department designated the notorious MS-13 gang -- which Maria said preyed on her -- as a \"transnational crime organization\" involved in global narcotics smuggling and other crimes. A U.S. State Department report also warned in 2006 that kids as young as 8 were targets for gang recruitment, extortion and retaliation in some countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala have some of the highest per capita murder rates in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Congressional Research Service paper issued in July took note of a United Nations survey of about 400 Central American minors in U.S. custody in the fall of 2013. About half said they had experienced \"serious harm or threats by organized criminal groups or state actors,\" references to gangs and to corrupt police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these claims are controversial. San Diego-area GOP Rep. Darrell Issa, chair of the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, downplayed the role of gang violence in creating the recent surge among children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342780\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10342780\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz-400x454.jpg\" alt=\"Los Angeles attorney Patricia Ortiz, 30, of the Esperanza Immigrant Rights Project, shoulders the lead on dozens of U.S. asylum requests from minors fleeing organized-crime violence in Central America. (Annie Tritt/Center for Public Integrity)\" width=\"400\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz-400x454.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz-800x908.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Los Angeles attorney Patricia Ortiz, 30, of the Esperanza Immigrant Rights Project, shoulders the lead on dozens of U.S. asylum requests from minors fleeing organized-crime violence in Central America. (Annie Tritt/Center for Public Integrity)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"What you're seeing is a flood of illegals coming here prepped to say whatever they need to say to get to stay here because the president of the United States has told them, in no uncertain terms: If they get here, he won't enforce the law,\" Issa said at a June congressional hearing. Reports of \"cheat sheets\" composed by smugglers hired by parents fueled the idea that kids were making stories up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maria said it was her idea in 2013 to flee El Salvador, not her father's, and she implored him to help her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The majority of my friends that have stayed in El Salvador are terrified. Some tolerate beatings; others, threats. Others are in the gangs now. Waiting to see when it's their day to die,\" Maria said, her voice shaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a country where no one can even play safely, nor think. Nothing,\" she said. \"The police are dominated by the gangs. You go to complain about a gangster and a little while later, they know about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers have argued with mixed success that girls who face rape and servitude to notorious criminal bands in Central America constitute a persecuted social group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They've also argued that kids who resist gang recruitment and face brutal retaliation are a social group, along with kids who witness crimes where police are either incapable or too corrupt to protect them from retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for Maria at the Esperanza Immigrant Rights Project submitted a legal memo arguing that the teenager is a witness to crime who requires protection because she is vulnerable to retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patricia Ortiz, Esperanza's managing attorney, is confident that the kids whose cases she's taken are truthful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because all of them are telling similar stories does not mean that they are lying,\" she said. \"It just means that they're living in a country where they are not safe, and they're in a country where they can't walk out into the street without being afraid of being murdered or hurt or facing some kind of harm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former asylum officer Manny said officers are trained to spot stories that raise suspicions. They receive bulletins if details in multiple applicants' stories seem oddly similar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What to look for,\" he said of children, \"is basically the consistency of their testimony, whether they seem like they believe it or whether they seem to be speaking vicariously through someone else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.publicintegrity.org/2014/10/08/15861/life-and-death-struggle-asylum-america\" target=\"_blank\">Read the rest of the story\u003c/a> on The Center for Public Integrity's website.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='20'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/171211484&visual=true&color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false&show_user=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/171211484'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported in collaboration with \u003ca href=\"http://www.publicintegrity.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Center for Public Integrity\u003c/a>, a nonprofit, nonpartisan investigative news organization in Washington, D.C.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LOS ANGELES -- While other kids enjoyed summer break, a teenager with more on her mind slipped into her only dressy jacket and traveled south to Anaheim, to a nondescript building housing the local office of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lithe and athletic, the girl knew she'd be less than a mile from Disneyland, \"the happiest place on Earth.\" But for Maria, a pseudonym, fun was a luxury she couldn't afford that day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the tender age of 15, she faced an interview to plead, essentially, for her life -- to ask for \u003ca href=\"https://www.publicintegrity.org/juvenile-justice\" target=\"_blank\">refuge from violence\u003c/a> so chilling her family thought it better to \u003ca href=\"https://www.publicintegrity.org/2014/07/18/15120/trains-amputations-and-roots-why-kids-are-run\" target=\"_blank\">smuggle her\u003c/a> to the United States, in the spring of 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Two years ago a friend of mine died in a very cold-blooded way. She died cut to pieces,\" Maria said in Spanish, beginning to recount what she told a U.S. asylum officer. \"My best friend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she recalled the story again, her soft voice trembled; tears ran down her cheeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said police in El Salvador asked her to identify body parts pulled from a bag dumped in a river -- she recognized her friend's birthmark on one of the legs. She said she also witnessed a boy shot and dragged off after a soccer game -- he was later found hanged. And before she fled, Maria said, she'd been asking her father, a U.S. truck driver, for more and more money so she could pay murderous \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=ms-13\" target=\"_blank\">MS-13\u003c/a> gangsters $60 a month to leave her alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342773\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10342773\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa-400x283.jpg\" alt=\"Maria pleaded with her father (R) to get her out of El Salvador. Gangsters had begun to demand that Maria hand over money sent by her father. (Alexis Kenyon/Center for Public Integrity)\" width=\"400\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa-400x283.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa-800x566.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaAndPapa.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria pleaded with her father (R) to get her out of El Salvador. Gangsters had begun to demand that Maria hand over money sent by her father. (Alexis Kenyon/Center for Public Integrity)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I was traumatized,\" Maria sobbed. \"I still am from seeing that body split apart. That dismembered head. Those arms. ... As time went by, I didn't want to go out, or eat, or do anything. The only thing I wanted to do was to die. I told myself that the same thing could happen to me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the 90-minute interview, the asylum officer told Maria she might know the outcome of her request in two weeks. More than three months later, after starting 11th grade this fall at an LA public high school, she was still waiting for an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Test for U.S. Asylum\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In coming months, the American asylum system's treatment of young people like Maria will be tested as never before -- on U.S. soil and in Central America as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge to the system's integrity and humanitarian obligations follows an 88 percent increase in \"unaccompanied minors\" seized at the border this year. More than 66,000 kids traveling without parents were \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-border-unaccompanied-children\" target=\"_blank\">apprehended by the Border Patrol \u003c/a>between October 2013 and the end of August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News footage showed minors from Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala simply walking up to agents to be taken in. Now a record number are expected to apply for asylum based on gang persecution, a basis for refugee status that's becoming more common. It's also a highly debated area of law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House on Sept. 30 approved a plan to allow a limited number of minors to apply for refugee status -- the equivalent of asylum -- from inside those three Central American countries if their parents are in the U.S. with legal status, including, potentially, parents with temporary legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan echoes in-country refugee screenings in the past inside Haiti and Vietnam. But just like Maria, who crossed the border illegally in 2013, children in home countries will face eligibility requirements for asylum refugee status that go beyond experiencing fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The asylum application system for minors on U.S. territory has been designed, over time, to be deliberative and compassionate, yet it is by no means a sure thing for kids like Maria.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"As traumatic as it is seeing your friend or family member executed by a gang...generally speaking that would not be considered grounds for a refugee definition.\"\u003ccite>Former Asylum Officer Christopher Manny\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In the court of U.S. public opinion, some have already reacted with unvarnished hostility to the flood of teens and preteens and their claims to be seeking a haven from relentless violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're going to be sucking us dry,\" Cape Cod resident Mary Woodruff \u003ca href=\"http://radioboston.wbur.org/2014/07/24/immigrant-children\" target=\"_blank\">said\u003c/a>, as Boston's WBUR radio taped public debate over a proposal to shelter detained kids at a National Guard base in the popular vacation region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the public writ large seems to be conflicted. Fifty-two percent of respondents in an \u003ca href=\"http://ap-gfkpoll.com/main/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/AP-GfK-July-2014-Poll-Topline-FINAL-Immigration.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Associated Press-GfK opinion poll\u003c/a> in late July said children claiming to be fleeing gang violence shouldn't be treated as refugees in need of asylum. Yet a survey by the nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"http://publicreligion.org/research/2014/07/july-2014-unaccompanied-minors/\" target=\"_blank\">Public Religion Research Institute \u003c/a>the same month found 69 percent support for allowing minors to stay if U.S. authorities decided it was unsafe for them to be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors have an indisputable right to request an immigration hearing and seek asylum, but immigration skeptics want these kids to be treated more like adults who are subjected to rapid \"credible fear\" tests that can lead to their \"expedited deportation.\" Refugee rights advocates, meanwhile, are trying to make sure these kids -- who have no right to appointed counsel -- have help from attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As federal officials rush to prioritize resolution of minors' applications, members of Congress are aggressively attacking the current asylum system as well as children's claims they actually face mortal threats. Meanwhile, pro bono lawyers are struggling to document horrors some teens have faced -- while line-level asylum officers face decisions about matters children tell them could mean life or death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Truth About Terror Not Enough\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To win asylum, or refugee status, even children have to go beyond simply proving that they're being truthful about terrifying experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While age should be taken into account in making the persecution determination,\" says an asylum officers' \u003ca href=\"http://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Humanitarian/Refugees%20%26%20Asylum/Asylum/AOBTC%20Lesson%20Plans/Guidelines-for-Childrens-Asylum-Claims-31aug10.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">training guide\u003c/a>, \"not all harm to a child, including physical mistreatment and detention, constitutes persecution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342776\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10342776\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip-400x286.jpg\" alt=\"While spending time with family in Los Angeles she hasn’t met before, Maria tries to relax and enjoy feeling safer. (Alexis Kenyon/Center for Public Integrity)\" width=\"400\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip-400x286.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip-800x573.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/MariaHandOnHip.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While spending time with family in Los Angeles she hasn’t met before, Maria tries to relax and enjoy feeling safer. (Alexis Kenyon/Center for Public Integrity)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Department of Homeland Security declined a request to speak with an active asylum officer. But Christopher Manny, a former asylum officer in Chicago and Miami, explained the constraints of the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As traumatic as it is seeing your friend or family member executed by a gang for refusing recruitment or refusing an extortion demand,\" Manny said, \"generally speaking that would not be considered grounds for a refugee definition.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers must also be convinced, Manny said, that children's suffering had a \"nexus,\" or was rooted in a persecutor's intent to harm them because of one or more of five reasons: religious or political persuasion, race, nationality or because they belong to an identifiable \"social group\" that's persecuted and unprotected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since minors, like adults, have no right to the appointment of counsel in deportation or asylum proceedings, they largely depend on nonprofit and pro bono attorneys who often need crash courses from colleagues because they've never studied asylum law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State bar associations have put out calls for members to volunteer -- beginning with initial appearances the kids make before immigration judges. Kids are also showing up for help at advocacy groups like Los Angeles' Esperanza Immigrant Rights Project, Chicago's National Immigrant Justice Center and Washington D.C.'s Capital Area Immigrants' Rights Coalition, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kids in Need of Defense, a nonprofit in the nation's capital, is scrambling to match Central American minors with counsel from a pool of 8,000 potential pro bono lawyers nationwide that the group has developed at law firms, corporations and law schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, as part of the budget process, Congress rejected a White House request for $64 million to hire more immigration judges to clear backlogs that delay cases for years and to provide other legal support, including $15 million in direct representation for kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department, though, is pressing ahead with \u003ca href=\"http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-and-cncs-announce-18-million-grants-enhance-immigration-court-proceedings\" target=\"_blank\">$1.8 million in grants\u003c/a> to groups to bolster legal representation for kids under 16. The Department of Health and Human Services, which runs shelters for the minors, announced in late September that it's providing $9 million in grants for two years to fund nonprofit legal aid groups that provide counsel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear exactly how many kids will get counsel, but it can clearly make a difference. A recent \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/359/\" target=\"_blank\">analysis\u003c/a> of a decade's worth of immigration court records showed that 43 percent of about 100,000 juveniles in the courts had counsel. About half of those kids were ultimately allowed to stay for various reasons, asylum among them. Only one in 10 without counsel was successful, according to researchers at Syracuse University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342968\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10342968 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa-400x360.jpg\" alt=\"San Diego-area Rep. Darrell Issa (R) downplayed the role of gang violence in creating the recent surge among children. (NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"400\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa-400x360.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa-800x721.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Issa.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In a June hearing, Rep. Darrell Issa (R) downplayed the role of gang violence in creating the recent child immigrant surge, saying \"You’re seeing...a flood of illegals coming here prepped to say whatever they need to say to get to stay here.\" (NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"An attorney is so, so central,\" said \u003ca href=\"http://cgrs.uchastings.edu/about/bio/lisa-frydman\" target=\"_blank\">Lisa Frydman\u003c/a>, managing director of the Center for Gender and Refugee Studies at the University of California Hastings College of the Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"How does a child begin to understand what kinds of evidence they have to put together,\" Frydman said, \"or begin to understand what the definition of a refugee even means?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comprehending the intricacies of the law is just one challenge; lawyers also face the daunting task of figuring out how to gather statements and relevant evidence from foreign countries where people are often terrified to hand over records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under current federal law -- laws some in Congress now want changed -- minors who arrive on their own must be released from Border Patrol custody and placed in shelters within 72 hours. They receive basic child-friendly legal briefings. And if they are from \"non-contiguous\" countries, like those in Central America, they must be given a date to appear before an immigration judge before they can be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a child decides to seek asylum, immigration judges transfer their cases for judgment to the U.S. Asylum Office system, which is part of the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If asylum officers don't subsequently find children eligible for asylum, their cases return to immigration courts, where they can again argue for asylum in a hearing that can be more adversarial, with a government attorney cross-examining them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sorting It Out\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As images of minors crossing the border began to dominate news programs and talk shows, the issue quickly morphed into a political football laced with confusing accusations and misleading statistics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between October and the end of June, more than 1,500 asylum requests were filed by unaccompanied minors. They added up to only 4 percent of all asylum applications nationally during that time. But minors' requests did more than double in less than a year. By the end of June, about 2,180 cases -- including Maria's, in Anaheim -- were pending resolution nationwide, according to data provided by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342961\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10342961\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart-400x283.jpg\" alt=\"The number of unaccompanied minors from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras has soared since 2013, while fewer are arriving from Mexico. (Courtesy Center for Public Integrity)\" width=\"400\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart-400x283.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart-800x567.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/NationalitiesChart.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The number of unaccompanied minors from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras has soared since 2013, while fewer are arriving from Mexico. (Courtesy Center for Public Integrity)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the first nine months of the 2014 fiscal year, 65 percent of kids interviewed by asylum officers were granted refuge -- a rate criticized as excessive in a widely covered \u003ca href=\"http://judiciary.house.gov/index.cfm/press-releases?ID=D9573AEB-21E9-453A-BE8D-AF01A482E9B7\" target=\"_blank\">press release\u003c/a> issued in July by House of Representatives Judiciary Committee Chairman Bob Goodlatte, a Virginia Republican who opposes federal expenditures on counsel for unaccompanied minors. He declined to comment further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goodlatte's July release alleged that too many kids were being rushed to undeserving asylum status on the basis of \"proven or possible fraud,\" citing an internal report from the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the release didn't say was that the overall numbers of kids approved during that time frame was modest: just 108 minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 other cases were sent to immigration judges for what amounts to an appeal. Thirty-eight additional cases were closed for reasons that included failure to appear. Only two of the 108 minors approved were new arrivals who came in during the nine-month time frame; the rest were kids who had arrived earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>U.S. Government Reports on Brutal Gangs\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that recent nine-month period, some 90 percent of the kids interviewed by asylum officers were represented by counsel. On average, up to now, most minors have taken more than 300 days to file formal application forms. Because kids are kids, and are frightened, lawyers say, it can take weeks, even months, to fully understand what happened to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum officers attempt to resolve cases within a few months of receiving an application. Kids' lawyers say the process is accelerating now that the Department of Homeland Security, the umbrella agency handling border and immigration matters, has made minors' cases a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help frame minors' stories, lawyers say they routinely submit, with applications, U.S. government reports acknowledging the pervasive, brutal control organized-crime rings now exert in Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the U.S. Treasury Department designated the notorious MS-13 gang -- which Maria said preyed on her -- as a \"transnational crime organization\" involved in global narcotics smuggling and other crimes. A U.S. State Department report also warned in 2006 that kids as young as 8 were targets for gang recruitment, extortion and retaliation in some countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala have some of the highest per capita murder rates in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Congressional Research Service paper issued in July took note of a United Nations survey of about 400 Central American minors in U.S. custody in the fall of 2013. About half said they had experienced \"serious harm or threats by organized criminal groups or state actors,\" references to gangs and to corrupt police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these claims are controversial. San Diego-area GOP Rep. Darrell Issa, chair of the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, downplayed the role of gang violence in creating the recent surge among children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10342780\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10342780\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz-400x454.jpg\" alt=\"Los Angeles attorney Patricia Ortiz, 30, of the Esperanza Immigrant Rights Project, shoulders the lead on dozens of U.S. asylum requests from minors fleeing organized-crime violence in Central America. (Annie Tritt/Center for Public Integrity)\" width=\"400\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz-400x454.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz-800x908.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/PatriciaOrtiz.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Los Angeles attorney Patricia Ortiz, 30, of the Esperanza Immigrant Rights Project, shoulders the lead on dozens of U.S. asylum requests from minors fleeing organized-crime violence in Central America. (Annie Tritt/Center for Public Integrity)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"What you're seeing is a flood of illegals coming here prepped to say whatever they need to say to get to stay here because the president of the United States has told them, in no uncertain terms: If they get here, he won't enforce the law,\" Issa said at a June congressional hearing. Reports of \"cheat sheets\" composed by smugglers hired by parents fueled the idea that kids were making stories up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maria said it was her idea in 2013 to flee El Salvador, not her father's, and she implored him to help her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The majority of my friends that have stayed in El Salvador are terrified. Some tolerate beatings; others, threats. Others are in the gangs now. Waiting to see when it's their day to die,\" Maria said, her voice shaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a country where no one can even play safely, nor think. Nothing,\" she said. \"The police are dominated by the gangs. You go to complain about a gangster and a little while later, they know about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers have argued with mixed success that girls who face rape and servitude to notorious criminal bands in Central America constitute a persecuted social group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They've also argued that kids who resist gang recruitment and face brutal retaliation are a social group, along with kids who witness crimes where police are either incapable or too corrupt to protect them from retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for Maria at the Esperanza Immigrant Rights Project submitted a legal memo arguing that the teenager is a witness to crime who requires protection because she is vulnerable to retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patricia Ortiz, Esperanza's managing attorney, is confident that the kids whose cases she's taken are truthful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because all of them are telling similar stories does not mean that they are lying,\" she said. \"It just means that they're living in a country where they are not safe, and they're in a country where they can't walk out into the street without being afraid of being murdered or hurt or facing some kind of harm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former asylum officer Manny said officers are trained to spot stories that raise suspicions. They receive bulletins if details in multiple applicants' stories seem oddly similar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What to look for,\" he said of children, \"is basically the consistency of their testimony, whether they seem like they believe it or whether they seem to be speaking vicariously through someone else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.publicintegrity.org/2014/10/08/15861/life-and-death-struggle-asylum-america\" target=\"_blank\">Read the rest of the story\u003c/a> on The Center for Public Integrity's website.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Francisco Marchers Speak Out Against Deportation of Children",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148676\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_005.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148676\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_005-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Marchers listen to speech at an anti-deportation protest at the federal Immigration Court in San Francisco on Thursday. (James Tensuan/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marchers listen to speech at an anti-deportation protest at the federal immigration court in San Francisco on Thursday. (James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dozens of protesters marched Thursday from Justin Herman Plaza to the San Francisco Immigration Court on Montgomery Street to speak out against the deportation of minors and families who have arrived in the United States without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event, which was hosted by the San Francisco Bay Coalition for Immigrant Justice, featured speakers ranging from immigration lawyers to religious leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community activists spoke out against fast-tracked hearings otherwise known as \"rocket dockets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sad because they have valid points for asylum,” said immigration lawyer Laura Sanchez, referring to the children that come here fleeing violence in their home countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jesus Ruiz of \u003ca href=\"http://www.pactsj.org\" target=\"_blank\">People Acting in Community Together\u003c/a> spoke outside the immigration court and recounted his own detention two years ago. Ruiz said that under a program called Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, he has been allowed to remain in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The path to freedom isn’t always a legal one, just how the Underground Railroad was not,” said Ruiz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148679\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_001.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148679\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_001-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Protesters with Mujeres Unidas y Activas gather at Justin Herman Plaza before marching to the Immigration Court in San Francisco. (James Tensuan/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_001-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_001-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters with Mujeres Unidas y Activas gather at Justin Herman Plaza before marching to the immigration court in San Francisco. (James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148673\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_002.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148673\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_002-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"A protester holds up a cardboard cutout of a child before a march protesting deportation of minors and families. (James Tensuan/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_002-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_002-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A protester holds up a cardboard cutout of a child before a march protesting deportation of minors and families. (James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148674\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_003.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148674\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_003-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"A woman watches protesters as they walk down Market Street during anti-deportation protest in downtown San Francisco on Thursday. (James Tensuan/KQED).\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_003-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_003-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman watches protesters as they walk down Market Street during anti-deportation protest in downtown San Francisco on Thursday. (James Tensuan/KQED).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148676\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_005.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148676\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_005-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Marchers listen to speech at an anti-deportation protest at the federal Immigration Court in San Francisco on Thursday. (James Tensuan/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marchers listen to speech at an anti-deportation protest at the federal immigration court in San Francisco on Thursday. (James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dozens of protesters marched Thursday from Justin Herman Plaza to the San Francisco Immigration Court on Montgomery Street to speak out against the deportation of minors and families who have arrived in the United States without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event, which was hosted by the San Francisco Bay Coalition for Immigrant Justice, featured speakers ranging from immigration lawyers to religious leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community activists spoke out against fast-tracked hearings otherwise known as \"rocket dockets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sad because they have valid points for asylum,” said immigration lawyer Laura Sanchez, referring to the children that come here fleeing violence in their home countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jesus Ruiz of \u003ca href=\"http://www.pactsj.org\" target=\"_blank\">People Acting in Community Together\u003c/a> spoke outside the immigration court and recounted his own detention two years ago. Ruiz said that under a program called Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, he has been allowed to remain in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The path to freedom isn’t always a legal one, just how the Underground Railroad was not,” said Ruiz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148679\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_001.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148679\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_001-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Protesters with Mujeres Unidas y Activas gather at Justin Herman Plaza before marching to the Immigration Court in San Francisco. (James Tensuan/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_001-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_001-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters with Mujeres Unidas y Activas gather at Justin Herman Plaza before marching to the immigration court in San Francisco. (James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148673\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_002.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148673\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_002-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"A protester holds up a cardboard cutout of a child before a march protesting deportation of minors and families. (James Tensuan/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_002-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_002-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A protester holds up a cardboard cutout of a child before a march protesting deportation of minors and families. (James Tensuan/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148674\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_003.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148674\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_003-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"A woman watches protesters as they walk down Market Street during anti-deportation protest in downtown San Francisco on Thursday. (James Tensuan/KQED).\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_003-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/20140925_immigration_march_jt_003-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman watches protesters as they walk down Market Street during anti-deportation protest in downtown San Francisco on Thursday. (James Tensuan/KQED).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "The Transition Continues: Teen Migrant From El Salvador Tries to Fit in at School",
"title": "The Transition Continues: Teen Migrant From El Salvador Tries to Fit in at School",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"wrap\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148371\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12134_Jen-obscure.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148371\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12134_Jen-obscure-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Jennifer Cruz is one of hundreds of minors arriving in the Bay Area from Central America. She's adjusting to life as a high school junior in San Mateo County even as she fears deportation. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12134_Jen-obscure-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12134_Jen-obscure-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jennifer Cruz is one of hundreds of minors arriving in the Bay Area from Central America. She's adjusting to life as a high school junior in San Mateo County even as she fears deportation. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cem>This is the second in a series, which began with\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/28/two-sisters-from-el-salvador-reunited-in-bay-area/\">Two Sisters From El Salvador Deal With Trauma\u003c/a>. \u003cem>And,\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/9/11/inmigraci%C3%B3n-de-menores-dos-hermanas-el-salvador/\">la primera parte en español\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/9/30/una-immigrante-adolescente-intenta-adaptarse-a-su-estudios\">Este parte en español\u003c/a>. \u003cem>Editor's note: KQED is not using Yesenia’s last name in this publication in order to protect her identity\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most teenagers say the hardest part of going to school is getting up early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventeen-year-old Jennifer Cruz rolls out of bed at 5:30 in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just so tired,” she says. “I don’t want to get up but I know I have to, so I’m up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her little nephew is still sleeping. So Jennifer tiptoes across the hallway to the bathroom and gets ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/182001865\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she brushes her long brown hair, she thinks back to the school uniform she had to wear in El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was green, red and white,” Jennifer recalls. “I had to wear a skirt with long white socks and black shoes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In America, the \"unofficial\" teenage uniform starts with skinny jeans. Jennifer wears a black pair today, a red top with some sequins and black boots.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'I thought maybe the kids were going to ignore me or tease me because I’m an immigrant.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Her older sister, Yesenia, got these hand-me-down clothes from friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes my co-workers give me free clothes,” Yesenia says. “I’ll tell them that I have a sister, I’ll show them a picture of her, and they'll say ‘I have something that will fit her.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yesenia wants her baby sister to fit in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jennifer is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> your typical teenager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Violent gang members threatened her life inside and outside of school in El Salvador, even shooting at her when she walked home alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To escape the violence, Jennifer left the home she knew and journeyed across three borders in the hands of a smuggler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She lives with Yesenia in San Mateo County, and now finds herself navigating the halls of an American high school for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer says being a new student, in a new country, makes her feel vulnerable all over again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought maybe the kids were going to ignore me or tease me because I’m an immigrant,” Jennifer says. “When I showed up [to school] on my first day, I was trembling with fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148370\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12133_Jen-HW.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148370\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12133_Jen-HW-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Art is Jennifer's favorite class. School officials say she wont have enough time to complete graduation requirements before she ages out of high school. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12133_Jen-HW-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12133_Jen-HW-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art is Jennifer's favorite class. School officials say she won't have enough time to complete graduation requirements before she ages out of high school. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She says she has been surprised to find lots of new immigrant kids like her at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every day, she and other newcomers take three English-language crash courses to help them with the basics -- from vocabulary to reading comprehension.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer is also taking remedial algebra, P.E. and art classes with other English-speaking students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comprehending all this new information is coming along slowly for her -- especially the English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if she were fluent tomorrow, Jennifer would not be able to graduate. School officials say that because she turns 18 next year, she will not have enough time to satisfy all the high school requirements in time. Jennifer will have to enroll in adult school or find work at the end of next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer, however, is not worried about her academic future right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is on her mind? Like any teenager, the excitement of making new friends at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all sit on the [school] stairs and eat together,” Jennifer says. “It’s our little group. If one of us doesn’t show up to school, we will call them on their cellphone to find out what’s going on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jennifer admits she still does not trust her new friends well enough to share the details of what she faced in El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of her few private moments is the bus ride home. She heads straight to the back, taking a seat by the window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer thinks about her legal case and her mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148373\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12137_Jen-Yes-kitchen.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148373\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12137_Jen-Yes-kitchen-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Jenni and her older sister Yesenia video-chat with their mother in El Salvador. Its the first time Yesenia has seen their mother in ten years. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12137_Jen-Yes-kitchen-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12137_Jen-Yes-kitchen-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jenni and her older sister, Yesenia, video-chat with their mother in El Salvador. It's the first time Yesenia has seen their mother in 10 years. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her mother has been threatened by gangs in their neighborhood in El Salvador, so she is now taking refuge at a nearby church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenni really worries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, later that night, she receives an unexpected phone call. Her mom borrowed a smartphone and, for the first time, they have a live video connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hola Mommy! How are you? Did you work today?,” asks Jennifer in Spanish as she bounces up and down on her bed with excitement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She hands the phone to Yesenia, who hasn’t seen their mother in 10 years. Yesenia begins to cry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The past year has been rough for Yesenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband are struggling to support three relatives, their own 4-year-old, and now Jennifer . She also has to miss work so she can join her sister at her legal appointments and proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very difficult right now,” Yesenia says. “Right now my husband is working extra to pay the rent. We pay for anything they need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is the sisters have found a pro bono lawyer after months of searching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re working with the attorney to build Jennifer's court case so she can qualify under what’s called \"special immigrant juvenile status.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her legal case comes before the court in three weeks.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"wrap\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148371\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12134_Jen-obscure.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148371\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12134_Jen-obscure-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Jennifer Cruz is one of hundreds of minors arriving in the Bay Area from Central America. She's adjusting to life as a high school junior in San Mateo County even as she fears deportation. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12134_Jen-obscure-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12134_Jen-obscure-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jennifer Cruz is one of hundreds of minors arriving in the Bay Area from Central America. She's adjusting to life as a high school junior in San Mateo County even as she fears deportation. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cem>This is the second in a series, which began with\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/28/two-sisters-from-el-salvador-reunited-in-bay-area/\">Two Sisters From El Salvador Deal With Trauma\u003c/a>. \u003cem>And,\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/9/11/inmigraci%C3%B3n-de-menores-dos-hermanas-el-salvador/\">la primera parte en español\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/9/30/una-immigrante-adolescente-intenta-adaptarse-a-su-estudios\">Este parte en español\u003c/a>. \u003cem>Editor's note: KQED is not using Yesenia’s last name in this publication in order to protect her identity\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most teenagers say the hardest part of going to school is getting up early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventeen-year-old Jennifer Cruz rolls out of bed at 5:30 in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just so tired,” she says. “I don’t want to get up but I know I have to, so I’m up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her little nephew is still sleeping. So Jennifer tiptoes across the hallway to the bathroom and gets ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/182001865&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/182001865'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she brushes her long brown hair, she thinks back to the school uniform she had to wear in El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was green, red and white,” Jennifer recalls. “I had to wear a skirt with long white socks and black shoes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In America, the \"unofficial\" teenage uniform starts with skinny jeans. Jennifer wears a black pair today, a red top with some sequins and black boots.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'I thought maybe the kids were going to ignore me or tease me because I’m an immigrant.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Her older sister, Yesenia, got these hand-me-down clothes from friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes my co-workers give me free clothes,” Yesenia says. “I’ll tell them that I have a sister, I’ll show them a picture of her, and they'll say ‘I have something that will fit her.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yesenia wants her baby sister to fit in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jennifer is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> your typical teenager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Violent gang members threatened her life inside and outside of school in El Salvador, even shooting at her when she walked home alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To escape the violence, Jennifer left the home she knew and journeyed across three borders in the hands of a smuggler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She lives with Yesenia in San Mateo County, and now finds herself navigating the halls of an American high school for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer says being a new student, in a new country, makes her feel vulnerable all over again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought maybe the kids were going to ignore me or tease me because I’m an immigrant,” Jennifer says. “When I showed up [to school] on my first day, I was trembling with fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148370\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12133_Jen-HW.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148370\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12133_Jen-HW-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Art is Jennifer's favorite class. School officials say she wont have enough time to complete graduation requirements before she ages out of high school. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12133_Jen-HW-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12133_Jen-HW-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art is Jennifer's favorite class. School officials say she won't have enough time to complete graduation requirements before she ages out of high school. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She says she has been surprised to find lots of new immigrant kids like her at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every day, she and other newcomers take three English-language crash courses to help them with the basics -- from vocabulary to reading comprehension.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer is also taking remedial algebra, P.E. and art classes with other English-speaking students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comprehending all this new information is coming along slowly for her -- especially the English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if she were fluent tomorrow, Jennifer would not be able to graduate. School officials say that because she turns 18 next year, she will not have enough time to satisfy all the high school requirements in time. Jennifer will have to enroll in adult school or find work at the end of next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer, however, is not worried about her academic future right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is on her mind? Like any teenager, the excitement of making new friends at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all sit on the [school] stairs and eat together,” Jennifer says. “It’s our little group. If one of us doesn’t show up to school, we will call them on their cellphone to find out what’s going on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jennifer admits she still does not trust her new friends well enough to share the details of what she faced in El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of her few private moments is the bus ride home. She heads straight to the back, taking a seat by the window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer thinks about her legal case and her mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148373\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12137_Jen-Yes-kitchen.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148373\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12137_Jen-Yes-kitchen-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Jenni and her older sister Yesenia video-chat with their mother in El Salvador. Its the first time Yesenia has seen their mother in ten years. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12137_Jen-Yes-kitchen-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12137_Jen-Yes-kitchen-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jenni and her older sister, Yesenia, video-chat with their mother in El Salvador. It's the first time Yesenia has seen their mother in 10 years. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her mother has been threatened by gangs in their neighborhood in El Salvador, so she is now taking refuge at a nearby church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenni really worries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, later that night, she receives an unexpected phone call. Her mom borrowed a smartphone and, for the first time, they have a live video connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hola Mommy! How are you? Did you work today?,” asks Jennifer in Spanish as she bounces up and down on her bed with excitement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She hands the phone to Yesenia, who hasn’t seen their mother in 10 years. Yesenia begins to cry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The past year has been rough for Yesenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband are struggling to support three relatives, their own 4-year-old, and now Jennifer . She also has to miss work so she can join her sister at her legal appointments and proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very difficult right now,” Yesenia says. “Right now my husband is working extra to pay the rent. We pay for anything they need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is the sisters have found a pro bono lawyer after months of searching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re working with the attorney to build Jennifer's court case so she can qualify under what’s called \"special immigrant juvenile status.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her legal case comes before the court in three weeks.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "UCSF's First Undocumented Medical Student Begins Training",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21328\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/Jirayut_New_Latthivongskorn--e1410207297503.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-21328 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/Jirayut_New_Latthivongskorn--640x711.jpg\" alt='Jirayut \"New\" Latthivongskorn, a newly-minted medical student at UCSF. ' width=\"640\" height=\"711\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jirayut \"New\" Latthivongskorn, a newly minted medical student at UCSF. (Courtesy: Jirayut Latthivongskorn)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Mina Kim\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I first met Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn a little over two years ago. He was completing his undergraduate degree at UC Berkeley and had dreams of going to medical school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he had no idea if he’d ever get there. Latthivongskorn is an undocumented immigrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His parents brought him to the U.S. from Thailand on a tourist visa when he was 9 years old, and the family never left.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latthivongskorn had good reason to be worried about going to medical school in the U.S. He had already had his admission to a \u003ca title=\"Travelers Summer Research Fellowship Program\" href=\"http://weill.cornell.edu/education/programs/tra_sum_res.html\" target=\"_blank\">research fellowship program\u003c/a> at Weill Cornell Medical College rescinded -- after the school learned of his immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Cornell later readmitted him to the program, Latthivongskorn worried that medical schools would not want to admit a student who was living in the country illegally. He feared that schools might balk at a student who would have no guarantee of being able to practice medicine in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speed forward two years to last Friday. UCSF formally admitted its new medical school class, and one of the 149 students is Latthivongskorn. UCSF says he is its first undocumented immigrant student. Along with the other students, he was ceremoniously awarded a physician's white coat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ceremony marks the official start of a student's medical training. I talked to New about his achievement and the obstacles that lie ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/166437404&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Below are excerpts from our conversation; questions and comments edited for clarity.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mina Kim: What does it mean to you to reach this milestone?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Latthivongskorn:\u003c/strong> Definitely surreal, thinking about how much work it took to get here and how many people and family friends and community really supported me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: Are you guaranteed to do your residency, at which point you’ll need to be employed by a hospital?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NL:\u003c/strong> With Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, DACA, I have a work permit so I would be able to. However, there is always uncertainty with immigration and policy, and what would happen to [DACA] two years, five years down the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: How are you financing medical school when you're not eligible for federal loans?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NL: \u003c/strong>I am very fortunate that the university is able to provide some form of grant funding, private funding that the university has, donations from alumni or various funding sources that the university has. And that’s only possible because of the California DREAM Act, which is a state law that provides for private funding to be accessible by a person like myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That helps with a chunk of my tuition. (But) housing and other fees, I essentially have to come up with on my own. I’ve been looking into private loans. I am applying vigorously for private scholarships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: How do you respond to the issue of fairness? Is it fair to give a spot at a top medical school to an undocumented student, the child of a family that broke the law?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NL: \u003c/strong>Now, DACA means students are able to get a work permit, they're able to get residency, they're able to get licensed, so what are the real practical concerns of admitting an undocumented immigrant. Financial aid is a big issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real purpose is being able to train someone who will be able to effect change and improve health for the communities around us. Myself and other folks who are undocumented understand these communities. We have grown up here, we have experienced being at the edge of no access to health care. I think that we bring a really important perspective that can be seen as a positive and as an added perspective, instead of immigration status being seen as a minus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: Two years ago, after you were re-accepted as the first undocumented student to a Cornell internship, \u003ca title=\"Undocumented Grad Chases Medical Dreams\" href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2012/06/06/96569/undocumented_grad_chases_medical_dreams?category=education\" target=\"_blank\">you told me\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"It's not just about myself anymore; it's bigger than myself. If I go and I do well and they really see this is what is possible from an undocumented student, it could potentially open up a lot more doors for a lot of other students who right now are in the same boat as me.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: Is that a pressure you continue to feel, and has it intensified by being the first undocumented medical student at UCSF?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NL: \u003c/strong>It definitely is still very much present, and in many ways the stakes have gone up now that I am in medical school. I’ll try to not only do well in school, but I’m always conscious of how it will be for the next undocumented student coming through the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jirayut Latthivongskorn helped\u003ca title=\"Pre-Health Dreamers\" href=\"http://www.phdreamers.org\" target=\"_blank\"> create a website that's a resource\u003c/a> for other undocumented immigrants who want to pursue health careers.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21328\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/Jirayut_New_Latthivongskorn--e1410207297503.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-21328 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/09/Jirayut_New_Latthivongskorn--640x711.jpg\" alt='Jirayut \"New\" Latthivongskorn, a newly-minted medical student at UCSF. ' width=\"640\" height=\"711\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jirayut \"New\" Latthivongskorn, a newly minted medical student at UCSF. (Courtesy: Jirayut Latthivongskorn)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Mina Kim\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I first met Jirayut “New” Latthivongskorn a little over two years ago. He was completing his undergraduate degree at UC Berkeley and had dreams of going to medical school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he had no idea if he’d ever get there. Latthivongskorn is an undocumented immigrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His parents brought him to the U.S. from Thailand on a tourist visa when he was 9 years old, and the family never left.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latthivongskorn had good reason to be worried about going to medical school in the U.S. He had already had his admission to a \u003ca title=\"Travelers Summer Research Fellowship Program\" href=\"http://weill.cornell.edu/education/programs/tra_sum_res.html\" target=\"_blank\">research fellowship program\u003c/a> at Weill Cornell Medical College rescinded -- after the school learned of his immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Cornell later readmitted him to the program, Latthivongskorn worried that medical schools would not want to admit a student who was living in the country illegally. He feared that schools might balk at a student who would have no guarantee of being able to practice medicine in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speed forward two years to last Friday. UCSF formally admitted its new medical school class, and one of the 149 students is Latthivongskorn. UCSF says he is its first undocumented immigrant student. Along with the other students, he was ceremoniously awarded a physician's white coat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ceremony marks the official start of a student's medical training. I talked to New about his achievement and the obstacles that lie ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/166437404&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>(Below are excerpts from our conversation; questions and comments edited for clarity.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mina Kim: What does it mean to you to reach this milestone?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Latthivongskorn:\u003c/strong> Definitely surreal, thinking about how much work it took to get here and how many people and family friends and community really supported me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: Are you guaranteed to do your residency, at which point you’ll need to be employed by a hospital?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NL:\u003c/strong> With Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, DACA, I have a work permit so I would be able to. However, there is always uncertainty with immigration and policy, and what would happen to [DACA] two years, five years down the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: How are you financing medical school when you're not eligible for federal loans?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NL: \u003c/strong>I am very fortunate that the university is able to provide some form of grant funding, private funding that the university has, donations from alumni or various funding sources that the university has. And that’s only possible because of the California DREAM Act, which is a state law that provides for private funding to be accessible by a person like myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That helps with a chunk of my tuition. (But) housing and other fees, I essentially have to come up with on my own. I’ve been looking into private loans. I am applying vigorously for private scholarships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: How do you respond to the issue of fairness? Is it fair to give a spot at a top medical school to an undocumented student, the child of a family that broke the law?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NL: \u003c/strong>Now, DACA means students are able to get a work permit, they're able to get residency, they're able to get licensed, so what are the real practical concerns of admitting an undocumented immigrant. Financial aid is a big issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real purpose is being able to train someone who will be able to effect change and improve health for the communities around us. Myself and other folks who are undocumented understand these communities. We have grown up here, we have experienced being at the edge of no access to health care. I think that we bring a really important perspective that can be seen as a positive and as an added perspective, instead of immigration status being seen as a minus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: Two years ago, after you were re-accepted as the first undocumented student to a Cornell internship, \u003ca title=\"Undocumented Grad Chases Medical Dreams\" href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2012/06/06/96569/undocumented_grad_chases_medical_dreams?category=education\" target=\"_blank\">you told me\u003c/a>:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"It's not just about myself anymore; it's bigger than myself. If I go and I do well and they really see this is what is possible from an undocumented student, it could potentially open up a lot more doors for a lot of other students who right now are in the same boat as me.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MK: Is that a pressure you continue to feel, and has it intensified by being the first undocumented medical student at UCSF?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NL: \u003c/strong>It definitely is still very much present, and in many ways the stakes have gone up now that I am in medical school. I’ll try to not only do well in school, but I’m always conscious of how it will be for the next undocumented student coming through the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jirayut Latthivongskorn helped\u003ca title=\"Pre-Health Dreamers\" href=\"http://www.phdreamers.org\" target=\"_blank\"> create a website that's a resource\u003c/a> for other undocumented immigrants who want to pursue health careers.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Migrant Kids Compete With Detainees for Day in Court",
"title": "Migrant Kids Compete With Detainees for Day in Court",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Sara Hossaini\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146149\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/RS11898_IMG_3405-lpr.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-146149\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/RS11898_IMG_3405-lpr-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Gerardo Mendoza and daughters Esther (12) and Kelly (10) show items Mendoza made for them while being held in ICE detention for 26 months--purses and tiny shoes out of recycled Ramen noodle rappers. Mendoza's wife and three children didn't see him in person for more than two years. Though he was released a few months ago, he's still awaiting a final decision in his quest for US status.\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gerardo Mendoza and his daughters show handicrafts he made out of ramen noodle wrappers while he spent 26 months in an immigration lockup. Mendoza awaits a judge's decision on whether he can remain in the United States. (Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The influx this year of undocumented migrant children is straining already-backlogged immigration courts and creating a ripple effect of delays for others awaiting their day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An immigrant in California facing deportation proceedings today can expect to wait two to four years for the chance to plead her case. People held in detention by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement are one exception — while other cases are heard in the order they were received, hearings for detainees are the No. 1 priority and usually fast-tracked. Now, judges are being asked to make the surge of tens of thousands of unaccompanied minors, and families with children, an equally high priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Dana Leigh Marks, president of the National Association of Immigration Judges, says having several “top” priorities is not the best solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you were to ask me which would be the cases on my docket that would be most amenable to expediting and handling quickly from beginning to end,” says Marks “the juvenile cases would be on the bottom of that list because you have a vulnerable individual who has special needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marks says the answer is not reshuffling the deck, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/amid-border-crisis-immigration-judges-push-resources/\" target=\"_blank\">hiring more immigration judges\u003c/a>. (Marks and the NAIJ also want immigration court to be \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/immigration-judges-union-wants-independent-court/\" target=\"_blank\">an independent court\u003c/a>, under the judiciary branch of government, and be removed from under the umbrella of the U.S. Department of Justice). Each of the nation's 230 immigration judges currently juggles an average of 1,500 cases at a time. Marks says moving kids up is already delaying cases that have been pending for much longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area immigration lawyer Kevin Crabtree worries it could even affect detained people — who are used to being the top priority for immigration court hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My concern is that you’re forcing people to compete for the limited time of immigration judges. And that people who are detained … will be detained longer because of the lack of resources,” says Crabtree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One Man's Prolonged Detention\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crabtree’s client, Gerardo Mendoza, is an example of how long some wait already. Mendoza was locked in detention for 26 months. He says he passed the days creating handicrafts out of trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was over there, I learned to make backpacks for girls, hearts, tiny shoes,” he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back home now in Newark, a town in southern Alameda County, Mendoza and his daughters, Kelly and Esther, show me items he wove them from recycled ramen noodle wrappers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He even made a wallet for my brother, and a picture frame,” says 10-year-old Kelly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE detention is designed to hold certain immigrants for hearings. It's not meant as a punishment, but Mendoza says it sure felt that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At night, they close the door. It’s locked. You cannot go out,\" remembers Mendoza. \"Small windows over there, you’re looking outside. It’s really hard, I remember the beginning three days. I really, I … wanted to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/165339544&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendoza’s story is not unlike those of many of today’s child migrants. He himself was only 17 when he came to the United States in the 1990s, escaping violence in Guatemala that killed a brother and a cousin. He was deported once after, he says, his asylum claim was botched and denied. But he quickly made his way back to his wife and infant son in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities caught up with him again when that son was 15 years old. By then, Mendoza had started a janitorial business, bought a home, and had three children, all born here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The children didn't see their father the entire time he was locked up — more than two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was hard for him to be gone that long,\" says Kelly. \"I couldn’t know why it was happening to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Were you thinking it was going to take that long?” I ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not really,” says Kelly quietly, “I like, lost hope in a couple years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly says she thought she was dreaming when her dad came home one night a few months ago, after Crabtree won his release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Mendoza’s case is still pending, he’s able to care for his family again. That includes his wife, who suffers hallucinations and has been repeatedly hospitalized. He’s also working to pay off $80,000 in legal debts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendoza says he hopes for a more humane immigration process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This system is completely broke,” he says, “I hope they can do something soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Balancing Competing Priorities\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former acting ICE director John Sandweg was in charge of enforcing that system. He agrees it is broken. But \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/first-read/why-immigration-reform-died-congress-n145276\" target=\"_blank\">short of congressional action\u003c/a> on immigration reform, he says prioritizing the children and families who have recently crossed the border is not only smart, but doable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it does make sense — you should not pull capacity from the detained population in order to focus on the kids,” asserts Sandweg. “But I think there's sufficient capacity amongst the immigration court judges to maintain your priorities on detention and maintain your priorities on the border piece of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Republican Assemblyman Tim Donnelly of Twin Peaks, in San Bernardino County, says that when it comes to the influx of children, he doesn’t want to see any sent back to certain death -- but speedy decisions, and deportations, are key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to set up a triage court,” says Donnelly. “We need to pull retired judges out, we need to set them up in tents, not courthouses, and we need to get due process handled as expeditiously as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, there’s a chance Mendoza’s prolonged detention could convince the nation’s top administrative court to \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/rodriguez/\">allow more immigrants out on bail\u003c/a> while they await their deportation decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crabtree says the Bureau of Immigration Appeals could decide no immigrant should be detained for longer than six months without a bond hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that most Americans are not aware that this is happening,” says Crabtree, “that their own government is holding people for so long essentially for no reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crabtree says the move could reduce pressure on courts juggling the competing priorities of children and those in ICE detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BIA is expected to issue its opinion on the matter within a few months.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Sara Hossaini\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146149\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/RS11898_IMG_3405-lpr.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-146149\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/RS11898_IMG_3405-lpr-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Gerardo Mendoza and daughters Esther (12) and Kelly (10) show items Mendoza made for them while being held in ICE detention for 26 months--purses and tiny shoes out of recycled Ramen noodle rappers. Mendoza's wife and three children didn't see him in person for more than two years. Though he was released a few months ago, he's still awaiting a final decision in his quest for US status.\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gerardo Mendoza and his daughters show handicrafts he made out of ramen noodle wrappers while he spent 26 months in an immigration lockup. Mendoza awaits a judge's decision on whether he can remain in the United States. (Sara Hossaini/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The influx this year of undocumented migrant children is straining already-backlogged immigration courts and creating a ripple effect of delays for others awaiting their day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An immigrant in California facing deportation proceedings today can expect to wait two to four years for the chance to plead her case. People held in detention by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement are one exception — while other cases are heard in the order they were received, hearings for detainees are the No. 1 priority and usually fast-tracked. Now, judges are being asked to make the surge of tens of thousands of unaccompanied minors, and families with children, an equally high priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Dana Leigh Marks, president of the National Association of Immigration Judges, says having several “top” priorities is not the best solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you were to ask me which would be the cases on my docket that would be most amenable to expediting and handling quickly from beginning to end,” says Marks “the juvenile cases would be on the bottom of that list because you have a vulnerable individual who has special needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marks says the answer is not reshuffling the deck, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/amid-border-crisis-immigration-judges-push-resources/\" target=\"_blank\">hiring more immigration judges\u003c/a>. (Marks and the NAIJ also want immigration court to be \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/immigration-judges-union-wants-independent-court/\" target=\"_blank\">an independent court\u003c/a>, under the judiciary branch of government, and be removed from under the umbrella of the U.S. Department of Justice). Each of the nation's 230 immigration judges currently juggles an average of 1,500 cases at a time. Marks says moving kids up is already delaying cases that have been pending for much longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area immigration lawyer Kevin Crabtree worries it could even affect detained people — who are used to being the top priority for immigration court hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My concern is that you’re forcing people to compete for the limited time of immigration judges. And that people who are detained … will be detained longer because of the lack of resources,” says Crabtree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One Man's Prolonged Detention\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crabtree’s client, Gerardo Mendoza, is an example of how long some wait already. Mendoza was locked in detention for 26 months. He says he passed the days creating handicrafts out of trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was over there, I learned to make backpacks for girls, hearts, tiny shoes,” he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back home now in Newark, a town in southern Alameda County, Mendoza and his daughters, Kelly and Esther, show me items he wove them from recycled ramen noodle wrappers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He even made a wallet for my brother, and a picture frame,” says 10-year-old Kelly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE detention is designed to hold certain immigrants for hearings. It's not meant as a punishment, but Mendoza says it sure felt that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At night, they close the door. It’s locked. You cannot go out,\" remembers Mendoza. \"Small windows over there, you’re looking outside. It’s really hard, I remember the beginning three days. I really, I … wanted to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/165339544&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendoza’s story is not unlike those of many of today’s child migrants. He himself was only 17 when he came to the United States in the 1990s, escaping violence in Guatemala that killed a brother and a cousin. He was deported once after, he says, his asylum claim was botched and denied. But he quickly made his way back to his wife and infant son in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities caught up with him again when that son was 15 years old. By then, Mendoza had started a janitorial business, bought a home, and had three children, all born here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The children didn't see their father the entire time he was locked up — more than two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was hard for him to be gone that long,\" says Kelly. \"I couldn’t know why it was happening to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Were you thinking it was going to take that long?” I ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not really,” says Kelly quietly, “I like, lost hope in a couple years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly says she thought she was dreaming when her dad came home one night a few months ago, after Crabtree won his release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Mendoza’s case is still pending, he’s able to care for his family again. That includes his wife, who suffers hallucinations and has been repeatedly hospitalized. He’s also working to pay off $80,000 in legal debts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendoza says he hopes for a more humane immigration process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This system is completely broke,” he says, “I hope they can do something soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Balancing Competing Priorities\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former acting ICE director John Sandweg was in charge of enforcing that system. He agrees it is broken. But \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/first-read/why-immigration-reform-died-congress-n145276\" target=\"_blank\">short of congressional action\u003c/a> on immigration reform, he says prioritizing the children and families who have recently crossed the border is not only smart, but doable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it does make sense — you should not pull capacity from the detained population in order to focus on the kids,” asserts Sandweg. “But I think there's sufficient capacity amongst the immigration court judges to maintain your priorities on detention and maintain your priorities on the border piece of it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Republican Assemblyman Tim Donnelly of Twin Peaks, in San Bernardino County, says that when it comes to the influx of children, he doesn’t want to see any sent back to certain death -- but speedy decisions, and deportations, are key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to set up a triage court,” says Donnelly. “We need to pull retired judges out, we need to set them up in tents, not courthouses, and we need to get due process handled as expeditiously as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, there’s a chance Mendoza’s prolonged detention could convince the nation’s top administrative court to \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/rodriguez/\">allow more immigrants out on bail\u003c/a> while they await their deportation decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crabtree says the Bureau of Immigration Appeals could decide no immigrant should be detained for longer than six months without a bond hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that most Americans are not aware that this is happening,” says Crabtree, “that their own government is holding people for so long essentially for no reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crabtree says the move could reduce pressure on courts juggling the competing priorities of children and those in ICE detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145784\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-145784\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-3.jpg\" alt=\"St. Peter's Prayer Walk\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of St. Peter’s Church attend a prayer vigil for undocumented immigrants in the Mission. (Mark Andrew Boyer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More than 300 people walked through the Mission on Friday evening, reciting prayers for the country’s 11 million undocumented immigrants. The prayer walk followed an hourlong Mass at St. Peter’s Church in which several family members of detained immigrants offered their testimony and called for their relatives’ release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One stirring testimony came from Amelia Martinez, a Guatemalan immigrant whose husband, Ricardo Ivan Martinez, is currently being held in an Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention center in Texas. Martinez is serving as a witness to a violent crime, but his family fears that he will be deported to Guatemala, where he could be a retribution target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mass and prayer walk comes as millions of immigrants from around the country are pressuring President Barack Obama to use executive action to defer deportation for many immigrants currently living in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a key moment. There’s a real loss of hope in our community because we were not able to pass immigration reform through the congress,” said Lorena Melgarejo from the S.F. Catholic Archdiocese’s Department of Public Policy and Social Concerns, which was one of the event organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145783\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-145783\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-2.jpg\" alt=\"St. Peter's Prayer Walk\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of St. Peter’s Church attend a prayer vigil for undocumented immigrants in the Mission. (Mark Andrew Boyer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After the Mass, parishioners lined up in front of the church on Florida Street and began a slow procession while reciting “Hail Mary” prayers in Spanish. Bar and restaurant patrons poked their heads out of doorways on 24th Street as the crowd, which the organizers estimated to be about 350 strong, passed along on the sidewalk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s to raise awareness,” said Samantha Romero, who herself is undocumented, as she stood in front of the church. “I have seen some people who are at risk of deportation, and I have seen the fear in their eyes – fear of not knowing what’s next.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Romero was granted a deferred action permit to stay in the U.S. for two years, but she knows that her parents — who are also undocumented — aren’t secure. “We won’t stop working until we have something that is fair for us, and that they treat us like human beings,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his sermon, the Rev. Moisés Agudo said that the immigration Mass and prayer walk will be a monthly fixture at St. Peter’s. The next event will be held on Sept. 26, where free legal aid will be offered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145782\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-145782\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-1.jpg\" alt=\"St. Peter's Prayer Walk\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of St. Peter’s Church in the Mission gather in front of the church on Florida Street to prepare for a prayer walk. (Mark Andrew Boyer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145784\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-145784\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-3.jpg\" alt=\"St. Peter's Prayer Walk\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of St. Peter’s Church attend a prayer vigil for undocumented immigrants in the Mission. (Mark Andrew Boyer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More than 300 people walked through the Mission on Friday evening, reciting prayers for the country’s 11 million undocumented immigrants. The prayer walk followed an hourlong Mass at St. Peter’s Church in which several family members of detained immigrants offered their testimony and called for their relatives’ release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One stirring testimony came from Amelia Martinez, a Guatemalan immigrant whose husband, Ricardo Ivan Martinez, is currently being held in an Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention center in Texas. Martinez is serving as a witness to a violent crime, but his family fears that he will be deported to Guatemala, where he could be a retribution target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mass and prayer walk comes as millions of immigrants from around the country are pressuring President Barack Obama to use executive action to defer deportation for many immigrants currently living in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a key moment. There’s a real loss of hope in our community because we were not able to pass immigration reform through the congress,” said Lorena Melgarejo from the S.F. Catholic Archdiocese’s Department of Public Policy and Social Concerns, which was one of the event organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145783\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-145783\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-2.jpg\" alt=\"St. Peter's Prayer Walk\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of St. Peter’s Church attend a prayer vigil for undocumented immigrants in the Mission. (Mark Andrew Boyer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After the Mass, parishioners lined up in front of the church on Florida Street and began a slow procession while reciting “Hail Mary” prayers in Spanish. Bar and restaurant patrons poked their heads out of doorways on 24th Street as the crowd, which the organizers estimated to be about 350 strong, passed along on the sidewalk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s to raise awareness,” said Samantha Romero, who herself is undocumented, as she stood in front of the church. “I have seen some people who are at risk of deportation, and I have seen the fear in their eyes – fear of not knowing what’s next.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Romero was granted a deferred action permit to stay in the U.S. for two years, but she knows that her parents — who are also undocumented — aren’t secure. “We won’t stop working until we have something that is fair for us, and that they treat us like human beings,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his sermon, the Rev. Moisés Agudo said that the immigration Mass and prayer walk will be a monthly fixture at St. Peter’s. The next event will be held on Sept. 26, where free legal aid will be offered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145782\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-145782\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/prayer-walk-1.jpg\" alt=\"St. Peter's Prayer Walk\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of St. Peter’s Church in the Mission gather in front of the church on Florida Street to prepare for a prayer walk. (Mark Andrew Boyer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Zaidee Stavely\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145273\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/21/child-immigrants-legal-logjam/immigration-attorney-eleni-wolfe-roubatis-meets-with-a-tiny-client-and-his-mom-at-centro-legal-de-la-raza/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-145273\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-145273\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/Immigration-attorney-Eleni-Wolfe-Roubatis-meets-with-a-tiny-client-and-his-mom-at-Centro-Legal-de-la-Raza-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"Immigration attorney Eleni Wolfe-Roubatis meets with a client and his mother at Centro Legal de la Raza. (KQED/Zaidee Stavely )\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigration attorney Eleni Wolfe-Roubatis meets with a tiny client and his mother at Centro Legal de la Raza. (Zaidee Stavely/KQED )\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/164179800&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every other Wednesday night at the \u003ca href=\"http://centrolegal.org/\">Centro Legal de la Raza\u003c/a> in Oakland’s Fruitvale neighborhood, immigrants pack the lobby and spill out into the hallway, waiting for a chance to speak with an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent night, immigration program director Eleni Wolfe-Roubatis and her team of attorneys swept in and out, meeting with families privately to screen their cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me personally, what’s so difficult is knowing that we don’t have the resources to meet all these needs,” said Wolfe-Roubatis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Kamala Harris is calling on more pro bono lawyers to help out legal aid groups like Centro Legal as they scramble to represent the hundreds of Central American children who have recently arrived in the Bay Area. And Thursday, Gov. Jerry Brown joined Harris and legislative leaders \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18658\" target=\"_blank\">to announce a bill\u003c/a> that would provide $3 million to nonprofit legal services to help handle cases for young immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Centro Legal were stretched to capacity before the child migrant crisis. Now they are overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this night at Centro Legal, Wolfe-Roubatis met with a 9-year-old girl from Guatemala who made the journey across two borders alone. She also spoke with a mother named Araceli from Honduras and her two children. (We agreed to not to use her last name out of safety concerns.) Araceli said her family fled vicious gang attacks in San Pedro Sula, the city with\u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/27/world/americas/honduras-murder-capital/\" target=\"_blank\"> the highest murder rate in the world\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Without increased capacity, we are not going to be able to represent that person and ... and get the protection the law provides for them.'\u003ccite>— Eleni Wolfe-Roubatis,\u003cbr>\nCentro Legal de la Raza\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Many of my family members, my brothers, have been killed,\" she said in Spanish. \"At my son’s school, they started to charge a 'tax', and if a kid didn’t pay, they wanted him to sell drugs, and if he didn’t, they threatened to kill him and his whole family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys across the Bay Area are hearing stories like this again and again. Between January and June, more than 850 children detained at the border have been released to guardians in the Bay Area as they wait for their day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still others came with a parent, like Araceli’s children. Centro Legal will represent Araceli and her family, but Wolfe-Roubatis said she has to turn away about 40 percent of the people who come through their doors, many of them with what she says are valid claims for protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is emotionally exhausting is hearing the story and knowing that, without increased capacity, we are not going to be able to represent that person and help them explain their story and get the protection the law provides for them,” Wolfe-Roubatis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of the Rocket Dockets\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s partly because of the new fast pace of hearings. Kids who crossed the border alone now get court dates within three weeks of their release from government custody. Children and parents detained together have to appear within four weeks of release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, that means two new courtrooms just for children’s first hearings. Attorneys call them the \"rocket dockets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one weekday morning, a box with picture books in English and Spanish, coloring books and colored pencils sat on the back bench of one courtroom. Thirteen out of 15 families with children showed up without a lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had children as young as 2 walk in,” said Wolfe-Roubatis. “And that child is supposed to explain somehow to the judge what they want to do with their case, while there’s an adverse party who is advocating that that child should be deported.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That adverse party is an attorney paid for by the federal government. The government doesn’t pay for counsel for immigrants fighting their deportations, regardless of age. According to case records analyzed by \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/359/\">Syracuse University's Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC),\u003c/a> without lawyers, children lose their claims nine times out of 10. With lawyers, half of them win their cases to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After their initial hearings, children on the rocket docket are given about two months to find an attorney. In normal circumstances, adults in deportation proceedings get four to six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican strategist Alfonso Aguilar, who directs the \u003ca href=\"http://americanprinciplesproject.org/latino-partnership/issue-brief-unaccompanied-minors-at-the-border/\">American Principles Project’s Latino Partnership\u003c/a>, says the time frame should be even shorter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems to me that some people like that the system takes so long to consider a case,” said Aguilar, chief of the U.S. Office of Citizenship under President George W. Bush. “You know what happens when the process lasts two years. A lot of these children and families are released never to be seen again, and that’s a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar said the government should be able to make a final decision in these cases within three months. He said the process could be speeded up if there was more government funding to pay for some legal help for unaccompanied minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress hasn’t approved any of that funding. A Senate bill proposed to provide $55 million for legal services to children in immigration proceedings and advice to their families, but it failed on a procedural vote. So, legal aid groups in the Bay Area are having to get creative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now it’s both a challenging but kind of exciting time, where there’s a lot of interest and conversations going on,” said Carole Conn, director of public service programs at the Lawyer Referral and Information Service of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbar.org\" target=\"_blank\">Bar Association of San Francisco.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conn said a network of Bay Area lawyers is coming together to try to meet the need, and many are answering Harris’ call. Advocates are training attorneys on how to handle immigration cases and the special needs of children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response in San Francisco has been remarkable, especially in the attorney-of-the-day program. Lawyers are dropping their regular work to show up for children and families in their initial court hearings. The program already existed in San Francisco immigration court, but it jumped to a new level with the rocket dockets. Conn oversees the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is extremely intense,” said Conn. “There are 20 cases, or families, let’s say, on a given docket, but in one attorney’s case that meant 52 people. Quickly, the courtroom becomes this overrun environment, with kids crying, and all kinds of pressures, much less trying to get a moment where you can confer confidentially with your client.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real hurdle is to find attorneys who can stick with these children throughout the legal process and provide full representation. As more children are released to the Bay Area over the next couple of months, lawyers expect the need for legal aid to intensify.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Zaidee Stavely\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_145273\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/21/child-immigrants-legal-logjam/immigration-attorney-eleni-wolfe-roubatis-meets-with-a-tiny-client-and-his-mom-at-centro-legal-de-la-raza/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-145273\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-145273\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/Immigration-attorney-Eleni-Wolfe-Roubatis-meets-with-a-tiny-client-and-his-mom-at-Centro-Legal-de-la-Raza-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"Immigration attorney Eleni Wolfe-Roubatis meets with a client and his mother at Centro Legal de la Raza. (KQED/Zaidee Stavely )\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigration attorney Eleni Wolfe-Roubatis meets with a tiny client and his mother at Centro Legal de la Raza. (Zaidee Stavely/KQED )\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/164179800&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every other Wednesday night at the \u003ca href=\"http://centrolegal.org/\">Centro Legal de la Raza\u003c/a> in Oakland’s Fruitvale neighborhood, immigrants pack the lobby and spill out into the hallway, waiting for a chance to speak with an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent night, immigration program director Eleni Wolfe-Roubatis and her team of attorneys swept in and out, meeting with families privately to screen their cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me personally, what’s so difficult is knowing that we don’t have the resources to meet all these needs,” said Wolfe-Roubatis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Kamala Harris is calling on more pro bono lawyers to help out legal aid groups like Centro Legal as they scramble to represent the hundreds of Central American children who have recently arrived in the Bay Area. And Thursday, Gov. Jerry Brown joined Harris and legislative leaders \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18658\" target=\"_blank\">to announce a bill\u003c/a> that would provide $3 million to nonprofit legal services to help handle cases for young immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Centro Legal were stretched to capacity before the child migrant crisis. Now they are overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this night at Centro Legal, Wolfe-Roubatis met with a 9-year-old girl from Guatemala who made the journey across two borders alone. She also spoke with a mother named Araceli from Honduras and her two children. (We agreed to not to use her last name out of safety concerns.) Araceli said her family fled vicious gang attacks in San Pedro Sula, the city with\u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/27/world/americas/honduras-murder-capital/\" target=\"_blank\"> the highest murder rate in the world\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Without increased capacity, we are not going to be able to represent that person and ... and get the protection the law provides for them.'\u003ccite>— Eleni Wolfe-Roubatis,\u003cbr>\nCentro Legal de la Raza\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Many of my family members, my brothers, have been killed,\" she said in Spanish. \"At my son’s school, they started to charge a 'tax', and if a kid didn’t pay, they wanted him to sell drugs, and if he didn’t, they threatened to kill him and his whole family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys across the Bay Area are hearing stories like this again and again. Between January and June, more than 850 children detained at the border have been released to guardians in the Bay Area as they wait for their day in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still others came with a parent, like Araceli’s children. Centro Legal will represent Araceli and her family, but Wolfe-Roubatis said she has to turn away about 40 percent of the people who come through their doors, many of them with what she says are valid claims for protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is emotionally exhausting is hearing the story and knowing that, without increased capacity, we are not going to be able to represent that person and help them explain their story and get the protection the law provides for them,” Wolfe-Roubatis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of the Rocket Dockets\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s partly because of the new fast pace of hearings. Kids who crossed the border alone now get court dates within three weeks of their release from government custody. Children and parents detained together have to appear within four weeks of release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, that means two new courtrooms just for children’s first hearings. Attorneys call them the \"rocket dockets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one weekday morning, a box with picture books in English and Spanish, coloring books and colored pencils sat on the back bench of one courtroom. Thirteen out of 15 families with children showed up without a lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had children as young as 2 walk in,” said Wolfe-Roubatis. “And that child is supposed to explain somehow to the judge what they want to do with their case, while there’s an adverse party who is advocating that that child should be deported.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That adverse party is an attorney paid for by the federal government. The government doesn’t pay for counsel for immigrants fighting their deportations, regardless of age. According to case records analyzed by \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/359/\">Syracuse University's Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC),\u003c/a> without lawyers, children lose their claims nine times out of 10. With lawyers, half of them win their cases to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After their initial hearings, children on the rocket docket are given about two months to find an attorney. In normal circumstances, adults in deportation proceedings get four to six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican strategist Alfonso Aguilar, who directs the \u003ca href=\"http://americanprinciplesproject.org/latino-partnership/issue-brief-unaccompanied-minors-at-the-border/\">American Principles Project’s Latino Partnership\u003c/a>, says the time frame should be even shorter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems to me that some people like that the system takes so long to consider a case,” said Aguilar, chief of the U.S. Office of Citizenship under President George W. Bush. “You know what happens when the process lasts two years. A lot of these children and families are released never to be seen again, and that’s a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aguilar said the government should be able to make a final decision in these cases within three months. He said the process could be speeded up if there was more government funding to pay for some legal help for unaccompanied minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress hasn’t approved any of that funding. A Senate bill proposed to provide $55 million for legal services to children in immigration proceedings and advice to their families, but it failed on a procedural vote. So, legal aid groups in the Bay Area are having to get creative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now it’s both a challenging but kind of exciting time, where there’s a lot of interest and conversations going on,” said Carole Conn, director of public service programs at the Lawyer Referral and Information Service of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbar.org\" target=\"_blank\">Bar Association of San Francisco.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conn said a network of Bay Area lawyers is coming together to try to meet the need, and many are answering Harris’ call. Advocates are training attorneys on how to handle immigration cases and the special needs of children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response in San Francisco has been remarkable, especially in the attorney-of-the-day program. Lawyers are dropping their regular work to show up for children and families in their initial court hearings. The program already existed in San Francisco immigration court, but it jumped to a new level with the rocket dockets. 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"content": "\u003cp>Since last October, the U.S. Border Patrol has apprehended almost 60,000 unaccompanied children plus tens of thousands of families — most from Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. Strikingly absent are migrants from Central America’s poorest country: Nicaragua. The immigration experience has been different for Nicaraguans than for other Central Americans, and that may be part of why Nicaraguans are sitting out the most recent surge of northward migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"disqusTitle": "Officials Return From Central America Trip Focused on Child Immigration",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_141825\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/immigrationborder-e1405446083553.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-141825\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/immigrationborder-e1405446083553.jpg\" alt=\"Two young girls sit in a holding area where hundreds of mostly Central American immigrant children are being processed and held at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Nogales Placement Center. (Photo by Ross D. Franklin-Pool/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"382\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two young girls sit in a holding area, where hundreds of mostly Central American immigrant children are being processed and held at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Nogales Placement Center. (Ross D. Franklin-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Six California legislators returned last week from a two-week trip to Central America that was originally planned as a trade delegation. But their trip took on new urgency due to the crisis of thousands of unaccompanied children migrating to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated 58,000 children have been detained at the border in the past nine months, a situation President Obama described as “an urgent humanitarian situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senate President pro Tem Darrell Steinberg, who spoke with Scott Shafer after returning, said the trip reinforced his belief that “the long-term solution to this crisis is to address the underlying economic and security conditions within these countries” -- namely El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless this happens, Steinberg says that parents and children will continue to make the journey from their home countries in order to find better lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking with \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em> from El Salvador on July 18, Steinberg said Salvadoran leaders are trying to make investments in education and economic development, but they struggle with a lack of resources. He said targeted U.S. assistance could be cost-effective in the long run, reducing the burden on the Border Patrol and immigration courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the main objectives of the recent trip was to encourage Salvadoran government officials to accept an almost $300 million grant from the U.S. government in the form of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mcc.gov\" target=\"_blank\">Millennium Challenge Corporation grant\u003c/a>. According to Steinberg, the money will go to improving educational opportunities for Salvadoran youth, with an emphasis on vocational training, infrastructure and “high-wage job opportunities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the grant is finalized, the U.S. insists that El Salvador pass an anti money-laundering law, a stipulation it initially balked at.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our delegation reinforced with the Salvadoran government that they must find a way to get that money,” Steinberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El Salvador’s legislative assembly approved such a bill on July 16, but it has yet to be approved by the U.S. Treasury. 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Watch Fridays at 8 p.m. on KQED Public Television 9, listen on Sundays at 6 p.m. on KQED Public Radio 88.5 FM and watch on demand \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_141825\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/immigrationborder-e1405446083553.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-141825\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/immigrationborder-e1405446083553.jpg\" alt=\"Two young girls sit in a holding area where hundreds of mostly Central American immigrant children are being processed and held at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Nogales Placement Center. (Photo by Ross D. Franklin-Pool/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"382\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two young girls sit in a holding area, where hundreds of mostly Central American immigrant children are being processed and held at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Nogales Placement Center. (Ross D. Franklin-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Six California legislators returned last week from a two-week trip to Central America that was originally planned as a trade delegation. But their trip took on new urgency due to the crisis of thousands of unaccompanied children migrating to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated 58,000 children have been detained at the border in the past nine months, a situation President Obama described as “an urgent humanitarian situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senate President pro Tem Darrell Steinberg, who spoke with Scott Shafer after returning, said the trip reinforced his belief that “the long-term solution to this crisis is to address the underlying economic and security conditions within these countries” -- namely El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless this happens, Steinberg says that parents and children will continue to make the journey from their home countries in order to find better lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking with \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em> from El Salvador on July 18, Steinberg said Salvadoran leaders are trying to make investments in education and economic development, but they struggle with a lack of resources. He said targeted U.S. assistance could be cost-effective in the long run, reducing the burden on the Border Patrol and immigration courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the main objectives of the recent trip was to encourage Salvadoran government officials to accept an almost $300 million grant from the U.S. government in the form of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mcc.gov\" target=\"_blank\">Millennium Challenge Corporation grant\u003c/a>. According to Steinberg, the money will go to improving educational opportunities for Salvadoran youth, with an emphasis on vocational training, infrastructure and “high-wage job opportunities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the grant is finalized, the U.S. insists that El Salvador pass an anti money-laundering law, a stipulation it initially balked at.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our delegation reinforced with the Salvadoran government that they must find a way to get that money,” Steinberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El Salvador’s legislative assembly approved such a bill on July 16, but it has yet to be approved by the U.S. Treasury. (Newly elected Salvadoran President Sánchez Cerén was \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2014/07/obama-meeting-central-american-leaders-109374.html\" target=\"_blank\">at the White House Friday to meet with President Obama\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch State Senate President pro Tem Darrell Steinberg's interview from \u003cem>KQED NEWSROOM\u003c/em>:\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/TmTeIQKU3fA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/TmTeIQKU3fA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nDavid Shirk, associate professor of political science and international relations and director of the \u003ca href=\"http://justiceinmexico.org\" target=\"_blank\">Justice in Mexico Project\u003c/a>, explained some of the reasons why there is a sudden influx of immigrant children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’ve paid a lot of attention in the past few years to the wave of violence that has hit Mexico, but what many people haven’t realized is that that wave of violence is regionwide, and particularly in Central America, in places like Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug trafficking activity and organized crime activity have spilled over into several Central American countries, according to Shirk. But he said it would not take a lot in U.S. aid and assistance to Central American countries to make their communities safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would imagine that for a fraction of what we spend on border security, we could help to develop counter-gang programs, after-school programs, workforce development programs in many of these countries that would have a far more lasting effect in protecting these kids and preventing them from coming here to the United States,” Shirk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinberg said that while additional aid and federal reform are badly needed, “I would err on the side of granting relief to kids who are trying to flee these violent environments where they don’t have much opportunity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED NEWSROOM\u003c/a> is a weekly news magazine program on television, radio and online. Watch Fridays at 8 p.m. on KQED Public Television 9, listen on Sundays at 6 p.m. on KQED Public Radio 88.5 FM and watch on demand \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Immigration Activist Jose Antonio Vargas Released After Border Detention",
"title": "Immigration Activist Jose Antonio Vargas Released After Border Detention",
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"content": "\u003cp>(AP and KQED) — Prominent immigration activist and Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Jose Antonio Vargas, who has lived and worked in the U.S. illegally for years, was released by U.S. Border Patrol agents on Tuesday after they detained him at a South Texas airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135578\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-135578\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/jose-antonio-vargas-e1405439808551.jpg\" alt=\"Jose Antonio Vargas testifies during a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing on 'Comprehensive Immigration Reform,' in Washington DC, February, 2013. (Allison Shelley/Getty Images)\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jose Antonio Vargas testifies during a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing on 'Comprehensive Immigration Reform,' in Washington DC, February, 2013. (Allison Shelley/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Border Patrol spokesman Omar Zamora said Vargas was stopped going through security at the airport in McAllen, only a few miles from the Mexico border. A spokeswoman for Define American, Vargas' advocacy group, confirmed his release Tuesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas had been visiting the border city for several days as part of a vigil to highlight the plight of unaccompanied immigrant children coming into the U.S. illegally who have overwhelmed Border Patrol facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at McAllen/Miller International Airport, Vargas knew he could have problems. Border Patrol agents stand alongside Transportation Security Administration personnel to check documentation -- even for domestic flights and he was carrying only a passport from the Philippines and a palm-size copy of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday morning, Vargas tweeted: \"About to go thru security at McAllen Airport. I don't know what's going to happen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The security checks at the airport -- and elsewhere in the Rio Grande Valley -- are familiar to people living along the Texas-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along highways out of the area, drivers are stopped at Border Patrol checkpoints about an hour's drive north of the border. And it's not uncommon for children who entered the country illegally with their parents to grow up in the Rio Grande Valley to stay home when classmates go on field trips along those roadways to San Antonio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, some U.S. citizens who object to being asked about their citizenship at the interior checkpoints have taken to refusing to answer agents' questions or produce identification while recording video that is later uploaded to the Internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas, a native of the Philippines, was unaware he would have to pass through an immigration check prior to arriving in the city, said Ryan Eller, campaign director for Define American, the advocacy group founded by Vargas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had been to border towns before like San Diego and other places, but we didn't recognize until here the situation,\" Eller said while standing across the street from the Border Patrol station where Vargas was being held. \"We tried to prepare for basically every scenario that we could.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas' last tweet Tuesday morning was a photograph of his Philippines passport and a palm-size copy of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eller confirmed that the only identification Vargas carried was that passport. He said Vargas was en route to Los Angeles and that he had consulted with attorneys before going to the airport. Eller said a \"travel partner\" was at the airport with Vargas, but that they were immediately separated in security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas' attorney didn't immediately return messages for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas had flown to McAllen last Thursday to take part in the vigil. In an\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/07/texas-border-trapped-108826.html\" target=\"_blank\"> essay he wrote for Politico\u003c/a> on Friday, Vargas said he has traveled in the U.S. for years without a problem but didn't realize that immigration checks are done on those driving or flying out of the Rio Grande Valley in South Texas. Vargas noted that he doesn't have any government-issued U.S. identification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eller said they were asking President Barack Obama and Homeland Security Secretary Jeh Johnson to use their authority to immediately release Vargas. White House press secretary Josh Earnest declined to comment Tuesday on Vargas' detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas went public about his immigration status in a 2011 \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/26/magazine/my-life-as-an-undocumented-immigrant.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">piece for the New York Times Magazine\u003c/a>. He was part of the Washington Post team that won the Pulitzer Prize in 2008 for coverage of the Virginia Tech massacre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also directed a documentary called \"Documented,\" and founded the activist group \"Define American.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas attended school in Mountain View and graduated from San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are Vargas' two last Tweets today ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" lang=\"en\">\u003cp>About to go thru security at McAllen Airport. I don’t know what’s going to happen. For updates follow \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/DefineAmerican\">@DefineAmerican\u003c/a> & \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MAC_UTPA\">@MAC_UTPA\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Jose Antonio Vargas (@joseiswriting) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/joseiswriting/statuses/489037711878017025\">July 15, 2014\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" lang=\"en\">\u003cp>The only IDs I have for security: Philippine passport and my pocketbook US Constitution \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/DefineAmerican\">@DefineAmerican\u003c/a> & \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MAC_UTPA\">@MAC_UTPA\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://t.co/IFH0Vb4oX7\">pic.twitter.com/IFH0Vb4oX7\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Jose Antonio Vargas (@joseiswriting) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/joseiswriting/statuses/489038192616542209\">July 15, 2014\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Here is \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SYJ28AZPxZE\" target=\"_blank\">Vargas talking to KQED Newsroom host Thuy Vu\u003c/a> in May...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SYJ28AZPxZE&w=560&h=315]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>(AP and KQED) — Prominent immigration activist and Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Jose Antonio Vargas, who has lived and worked in the U.S. illegally for years, was released by U.S. Border Patrol agents on Tuesday after they detained him at a South Texas airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135578\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-135578\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/05/jose-antonio-vargas-e1405439808551.jpg\" alt=\"Jose Antonio Vargas testifies during a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing on 'Comprehensive Immigration Reform,' in Washington DC, February, 2013. (Allison Shelley/Getty Images)\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jose Antonio Vargas testifies during a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing on 'Comprehensive Immigration Reform,' in Washington DC, February, 2013. (Allison Shelley/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Border Patrol spokesman Omar Zamora said Vargas was stopped going through security at the airport in McAllen, only a few miles from the Mexico border. A spokeswoman for Define American, Vargas' advocacy group, confirmed his release Tuesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas had been visiting the border city for several days as part of a vigil to highlight the plight of unaccompanied immigrant children coming into the U.S. illegally who have overwhelmed Border Patrol facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at McAllen/Miller International Airport, Vargas knew he could have problems. Border Patrol agents stand alongside Transportation Security Administration personnel to check documentation -- even for domestic flights and he was carrying only a passport from the Philippines and a palm-size copy of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday morning, Vargas tweeted: \"About to go thru security at McAllen Airport. I don't know what's going to happen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The security checks at the airport -- and elsewhere in the Rio Grande Valley -- are familiar to people living along the Texas-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along highways out of the area, drivers are stopped at Border Patrol checkpoints about an hour's drive north of the border. And it's not uncommon for children who entered the country illegally with their parents to grow up in the Rio Grande Valley to stay home when classmates go on field trips along those roadways to San Antonio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, some U.S. citizens who object to being asked about their citizenship at the interior checkpoints have taken to refusing to answer agents' questions or produce identification while recording video that is later uploaded to the Internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas, a native of the Philippines, was unaware he would have to pass through an immigration check prior to arriving in the city, said Ryan Eller, campaign director for Define American, the advocacy group founded by Vargas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had been to border towns before like San Diego and other places, but we didn't recognize until here the situation,\" Eller said while standing across the street from the Border Patrol station where Vargas was being held. \"We tried to prepare for basically every scenario that we could.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas' last tweet Tuesday morning was a photograph of his Philippines passport and a palm-size copy of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eller confirmed that the only identification Vargas carried was that passport. He said Vargas was en route to Los Angeles and that he had consulted with attorneys before going to the airport. Eller said a \"travel partner\" was at the airport with Vargas, but that they were immediately separated in security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas' attorney didn't immediately return messages for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas had flown to McAllen last Thursday to take part in the vigil. In an\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/07/texas-border-trapped-108826.html\" target=\"_blank\"> essay he wrote for Politico\u003c/a> on Friday, Vargas said he has traveled in the U.S. for years without a problem but didn't realize that immigration checks are done on those driving or flying out of the Rio Grande Valley in South Texas. Vargas noted that he doesn't have any government-issued U.S. identification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eller said they were asking President Barack Obama and Homeland Security Secretary Jeh Johnson to use their authority to immediately release Vargas. White House press secretary Josh Earnest declined to comment Tuesday on Vargas' detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas went public about his immigration status in a 2011 \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/26/magazine/my-life-as-an-undocumented-immigrant.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">piece for the New York Times Magazine\u003c/a>. He was part of the Washington Post team that won the Pulitzer Prize in 2008 for coverage of the Virginia Tech massacre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also directed a documentary called \"Documented,\" and founded the activist group \"Define American.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vargas attended school in Mountain View and graduated from San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are Vargas' two last Tweets today ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" lang=\"en\">\u003cp>About to go thru security at McAllen Airport. I don’t know what’s going to happen. For updates follow \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/DefineAmerican\">@DefineAmerican\u003c/a> & \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MAC_UTPA\">@MAC_UTPA\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Jose Antonio Vargas (@joseiswriting) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/joseiswriting/statuses/489037711878017025\">July 15, 2014\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" lang=\"en\">\u003cp>The only IDs I have for security: Philippine passport and my pocketbook US Constitution \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/DefineAmerican\">@DefineAmerican\u003c/a> & \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MAC_UTPA\">@MAC_UTPA\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://t.co/IFH0Vb4oX7\">pic.twitter.com/IFH0Vb4oX7\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Jose Antonio Vargas (@joseiswriting) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/joseiswriting/statuses/489038192616542209\">July 15, 2014\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Here is \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SYJ28AZPxZE\" target=\"_blank\">Vargas talking to KQED Newsroom host Thuy Vu\u003c/a> in May...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/SYJ28AZPxZE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/SYJ28AZPxZE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Undocumented Kids Face Tough Legal Obstacles to Staying in U.S.",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Steven Cuevas, The California Report\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_141825\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 376px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-141825\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/immigrationborder-640x381.jpg\" alt=\"NOGALES, Ariz.: Two young girls watch a World Cup soccer match on a television from their holding area where hundreds of mostly Central American immigrant children are being processed and held at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Nogales Placement Center on June 18, 2014. (Photo by Ross D. Franklin-Pool/Getty Images)\" width=\"376\" height=\"224\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NOGALES, Ariz.: Two young girls watch a World Cup soccer match on a television from their holding area where hundreds of mostly Central American immigrant children are being processed and held at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Nogales Placement Center June 18, 2014. (Photo by Ross D. Franklin-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s plenty of speculation over why so many young people are streaming into the U.S. illegally from Central America. Some believe it’s to escape violent organized crime, or that immigration authorities in the U.S. will treat youngsters with leniency when they cross the border. But undocumented kids face some tough legal obstacles no matter the reasons behind their flight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harol Canales, 22, was 15-years-old when he fled Honduras with his best friend about seven years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only me and him, that’s it,” remembers Canales, speaking via cellphone while on a lunch break at work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many of the undocumented children now arriving in the U.S. with no parents, no papers and little money, Canales was trying to escape the mounting threat of gang violence. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was super bad, very,” Canales says. “I did not want to stay there, something might happen to me so I just decided to just try to get here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harol’s mother had arrived several years earlier and managed to obtain temporary protected status. His plan for getting to his mom was simple: “Keep walking and get to L.A.” He also hopped trains and caught rides. On his way to L.A., Harol was detained by immigration agents at a checkpoint on the Arizona-California border. But because he was still a child, authorities released him to his mother’s custody with a pledge that he appear at a deportation hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He came fearing gang violence and persecution by the gangs in Honduras,” says Harol’s Los Angeles attorney Alma Rosa Nieto. “So of course we presented that evidence in those claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says Harol’s best option to avoid deportation was to petition for asylum. But the burden of proof is high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, show us that you would be killed, maimed, kidnapped or disappeared for us to grant you an asylum,” explains Nieto. “And of course very few people can show that high level of evidence when you’re fleeing, and he came as a child.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After losing several appeals, Harol applied for temporary residency under 2012’s Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA. His case is pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“Basically show us that you would be killed, maimed, kidnapped or disappeared for us to grant you an asylum.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>DACA is only available to young undocumented immigrants who were here before 2007, but Harol's case is not unlike many of the unaccompanied children and teenagers now being held in temporary detention centers across the U.S., including Naval Base Ventura County where about 500 teens are being held.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Norma Torres (D-Pomona) is among a group of officials who visited the base last week. Torres says few, if any of the young detainees, understand the daunting legal challenges they face. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Legal issues are the furthest things from their mind,\" Torres says. \"You know they are very much kids. Children don’t know the legal process of this foreign nation, they only know that coming to the U.S. means an opportunity to live another day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An inability to understand their precarious legal situation is precisely why immigration lawyers need to reach them, says Kristen Jackson, a staff attorney with Public Counsel, a nonprofit legal aid group that sued the federal government with other groups last week on behalf of young immigrant detainees. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In many, many cases the child is there alone, they have no lawyer to advocate for them,\" Jackson says. \"They don’t understand the immigration laws, and so that’s what our lawsuit is about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/158837744&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit aims to get the government to provide undocumented minors a court-appointed attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have not recognized the children’s right to legal representation,” Jackson says. “So you have children appearing in immigration court in front of a judge and a trained attorney for the government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But John Feere says the government providing legal aid to undocumented minors or adults sends the wrong message. Feere is a policy analyst with the Center for Immigration Studies in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now we have a situation where only the worst of the worst are being deported,” Feere says. “So if you come here illegally and you generally abide by the laws, your odds of being deported are quite slim. And until that message changes, more people will risk their lives coming across the border.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feere is skeptical of promises from some federal officials that the tens of thousands of youngsters who’ve crossed into the U.S. illegally in recent months will be deported swiftly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A White House spokesman said last week that most of the unaccompanied minors are unlikely to qualify for humanitarian relief and would face deportation. That’s troubling to Harol Canales. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There (are) a lot of people who don’t want those kids in here,” Canales says. “But they’re just kids, you know? So I think everyone needs a chance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after he fled Honduras, Harol’s father and other relatives were killed in gang violence -- a cruel reminder of what he left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harol hopes authorities consider the danger today’s undocumented youngsters could face if their claims of asylum are also dismissed.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Steven Cuevas, The California Report\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_141825\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 376px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-141825\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/immigrationborder-640x381.jpg\" alt=\"NOGALES, Ariz.: Two young girls watch a World Cup soccer match on a television from their holding area where hundreds of mostly Central American immigrant children are being processed and held at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Nogales Placement Center on June 18, 2014. (Photo by Ross D. Franklin-Pool/Getty Images)\" width=\"376\" height=\"224\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NOGALES, Ariz.: Two young girls watch a World Cup soccer match on a television from their holding area where hundreds of mostly Central American immigrant children are being processed and held at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Nogales Placement Center June 18, 2014. (Photo by Ross D. Franklin-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s plenty of speculation over why so many young people are streaming into the U.S. illegally from Central America. Some believe it’s to escape violent organized crime, or that immigration authorities in the U.S. will treat youngsters with leniency when they cross the border. But undocumented kids face some tough legal obstacles no matter the reasons behind their flight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harol Canales, 22, was 15-years-old when he fled Honduras with his best friend about seven years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only me and him, that’s it,” remembers Canales, speaking via cellphone while on a lunch break at work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many of the undocumented children now arriving in the U.S. with no parents, no papers and little money, Canales was trying to escape the mounting threat of gang violence. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was super bad, very,” Canales says. “I did not want to stay there, something might happen to me so I just decided to just try to get here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harol’s mother had arrived several years earlier and managed to obtain temporary protected status. His plan for getting to his mom was simple: “Keep walking and get to L.A.” He also hopped trains and caught rides. On his way to L.A., Harol was detained by immigration agents at a checkpoint on the Arizona-California border. But because he was still a child, authorities released him to his mother’s custody with a pledge that he appear at a deportation hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He came fearing gang violence and persecution by the gangs in Honduras,” says Harol’s Los Angeles attorney Alma Rosa Nieto. “So of course we presented that evidence in those claims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says Harol’s best option to avoid deportation was to petition for asylum. But the burden of proof is high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, show us that you would be killed, maimed, kidnapped or disappeared for us to grant you an asylum,” explains Nieto. “And of course very few people can show that high level of evidence when you’re fleeing, and he came as a child.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After losing several appeals, Harol applied for temporary residency under 2012’s Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA. His case is pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“Basically show us that you would be killed, maimed, kidnapped or disappeared for us to grant you an asylum.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>DACA is only available to young undocumented immigrants who were here before 2007, but Harol's case is not unlike many of the unaccompanied children and teenagers now being held in temporary detention centers across the U.S., including Naval Base Ventura County where about 500 teens are being held.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Norma Torres (D-Pomona) is among a group of officials who visited the base last week. Torres says few, if any of the young detainees, understand the daunting legal challenges they face. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Legal issues are the furthest things from their mind,\" Torres says. \"You know they are very much kids. Children don’t know the legal process of this foreign nation, they only know that coming to the U.S. means an opportunity to live another day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An inability to understand their precarious legal situation is precisely why immigration lawyers need to reach them, says Kristen Jackson, a staff attorney with Public Counsel, a nonprofit legal aid group that sued the federal government with other groups last week on behalf of young immigrant detainees. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In many, many cases the child is there alone, they have no lawyer to advocate for them,\" Jackson says. \"They don’t understand the immigration laws, and so that’s what our lawsuit is about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/158837744&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit aims to get the government to provide undocumented minors a court-appointed attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have not recognized the children’s right to legal representation,” Jackson says. “So you have children appearing in immigration court in front of a judge and a trained attorney for the government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But John Feere says the government providing legal aid to undocumented minors or adults sends the wrong message. Feere is a policy analyst with the Center for Immigration Studies in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now we have a situation where only the worst of the worst are being deported,” Feere says. “So if you come here illegally and you generally abide by the laws, your odds of being deported are quite slim. And until that message changes, more people will risk their lives coming across the border.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feere is skeptical of promises from some federal officials that the tens of thousands of youngsters who’ve crossed into the U.S. illegally in recent months will be deported swiftly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A White House spokesman said last week that most of the unaccompanied minors are unlikely to qualify for humanitarian relief and would face deportation. That’s troubling to Harol Canales. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There (are) a lot of people who don’t want those kids in here,” Canales says. “But they’re just kids, you know? So I think everyone needs a chance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after he fled Honduras, Harol’s father and other relatives were killed in gang violence -- a cruel reminder of what he left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harol hopes authorities consider the danger today’s undocumented youngsters could face if their claims of asylum are also dismissed.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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