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"content": "\u003cp>The South Stockton classroom where Ashley Pearl Pana spent recess trapped indoors is still there, 16 years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the wind stirred up dust and soot, when the sun stewed smokestack and tailpipe exhaust into smog, when pollution squeezed her airways, Pana’s asthma forced her inside, behind the classroom’s closed door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the kids were playing outside, and I’d just watch them through the windows,” Pana, now 23, said while visiting her old elementary school. A new generation of children, masked against COVID-19’s newest threats to still-developing lungs, ran in the playground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ashley Pearl Pana, Stockton resident\"]'No matter what, air quality is always an issue in my life, something I have to be constantly aware about.'[/pullquote]It was a clear day, the kind that makes South Stockton’s consistently filthy air difficult to imagine. But in \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/calenviroscreen/maps-data\">one of California’s most dangerously polluted communities\u003c/a>, emergency room visits for asthma attacks are among the highest in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter what, air quality is always an issue in my life,” Pana said, “something I have to be constantly aware about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">Assembly Bill 617, passed in 2017\u003c/a>, requires local air districts and the state Air Resources Board to reduce air pollution in marginalized communities. 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But it's still not possible to gauge whether the program will improve the smoggy and toxic air that almost 4 million people breathe in \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp-communities\">15 communities.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of those \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp-communities\">communities\u003c/a> — including Richmond, West Oakland, Stockton, San Bernardino and Wilmington — have high poverty rates and are predominantly Latino, Black and Asian American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, even as the law’s clean-air program prepares to fold in new neighborhoods, a major question lingers: Is it working?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The jury’s out,” said \u003ca href=\"https://humanecology.ucdavis.edu/jonathan-london\">Jonathan London\u003c/a>, an associate professor of human ecology at UC Davis who is keeping tabs on the law. It’s “an ongoing experiment with the potential for significant benefits, but also significant obstacles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental justice advocates have called the law \u003ca href=\"https://caleja.org/2017/07/justice-deferred-a-break-down-of-californias-cap-trade-bill-from-the-environmental-justice-perspective/\">toothless\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://caleja.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/CEJA_AB617_r4-2.pdf\">warn that\u003c/a> it has “largely failed to produce the promised quantifiable, permanent, and enforceable emissions reductions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903595\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1399px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903595\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png\" alt=\"Left photo: A woman wearing glasses. Right photo: A woman's hands, filled with various breathing medications.\" width=\"1399\" height=\"485\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png 1399w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-800x277.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-1020x354.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-160x55.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1399px) 100vw, 1399px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashley Pearl Pana (left) in South Stockton, where she grew up. Pana (right) shows the inhalers and other medication she uses daily to manage her asthma. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The struggle to achieve the law’s ambitious goals has been marked by battles between residents and local air regulators, and by jurisdictional juggling among agencies, each responsible for a different portion of pollution. Meanwhile, people continue to suffer from inhaling dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it having the improvements that I want it to have, at the level that I wanted to have? No, we need a lot more,” said Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://a58.asmdc.org/\">Cristina Garcia\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Bell Gardens, who authored the bill. “Is it engaging the community and empowering them, so they could push for change? Oh, definitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law is just one tool — and, its author acknowledges, an imperfect one at that — intending to fix decades of environmental racism, questionable land-use decisions and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2021/11/california-housing-crisis-podcast-freeways/\">freeway construction\u003c/a> that have left \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/attach/2019/02/cv-air-pollution-CA-web.pdf\">poor communities of color\u003c/a> hemmed in \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f555670d30a942e4b46b18293e2795a7\">by California’s industrial corridors\u003c/a>. It’s a monumental task, and experts say no one law will be a panacea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At stake is the health of \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f555670d30a942e4b46b18293e2795a7\">millions of people\u003c/a> who live near California’s refineries, ports and freeways that are the sources of smog and other toxic pollutants that trigger asthma attacks and have been linked to cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Air Resources Board staff recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/board/mt/2021/mt102821.pdf?_ga=2.69808464.133961995.1641835269-324582198.1598231589\">called it\u003c/a> “a catalyst to change the way we work with communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet some Stockton residents and community groups have had a far different experience, tangling with local air regulators about funding decisions and delayed air-pollution monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the beginning of this process, we were all kumbaya,” said Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, a historic preservation organization turned environmental justice group in South Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the end,” he said, “it was terrible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-tremendous-amount-of-frustration\">'Tremendous amount of frustration'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For more than half a century, California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/history\">state\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/research/publications/50-years-of-progress\">local air regulators\u003c/a> have enacted pioneering rules to clean up pollution from smokestacks and tailpipes. Trailblazing mandates \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/03/california-diesel-rules/\">to tackle diesel exhaust\u003c/a> — a known carcinogen — and other toxic air contaminants \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b02766\">cut Californians’ risk of getting cancer from bad air by 76%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it hasn’t been enough. Parts of California still have the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/research/sota/city-rankings/most-polluted-cities\">worst air quality in the country\u003c/a>, with about 87% of Californians living in areas that exceeded federal healthy air standards in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the San Joaquin Valley alone, breathing fine particles is estimated to cause \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/clean-air-plan-san-joaquin-valley-first-meet-all-federal-standards-fine-particle-pollution\">1,200 premature deaths\u003c/a> from respiratory and heart disease per year. Poor communities of color are still exposed to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-03/final_community_air_protection_blueprint_october_2018_acc.pdf\">double the cancer-causing diesel exhaust\u003c/a> than that of their more affluent neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://calmatters-ab617-maps.netlify.app/#amp=1\" width=\"1000\" height=\"780\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia’s law aimed to tackle pollution hot spots by creating a greater role for community activists and residents in the complex regulatory process. Local air districts responsible for regulating smokestack pollution must now work with communities to craft clean-air plans. The law also calls for increased air monitoring, bigger fines for polluters and faster deployment of new pollution-scrubbing retrofits on smokestacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/carb-announces-new-director-office-community-air-protection#:~:text=SACRAMENTO%20%E2%80%93%20Today%20CARB%20Executive%20Officer,Community%20Air%20Protection%20(DOCAP).\">Deldi Reyes\u003c/a>, director of the Air Resources Board’s Office of Community Air Protection, told board members at an October meeting that there has been progress since the environmental justice law was enacted, with an estimated 75 tons of fine particles expected to be cut across 11 communities — equivalent to removing 75,000 heavy-duty diesel trucks from California roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But neither \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">the law\u003c/a> nor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/final-community-air-protection-blueprint\">the state-developed guidelines\u003c/a> for its implementation include specific targets for measurably improving air quality or public health in the selected communities. Though the program relies heavily on time and effort from community members, decision-making is ultimately left to state and local air regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d like to see more accountability built into the program,” said \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/leadership/john-r-balmes-md\">Dr. John Balmes\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at UCSF and a member of the California Air Resources Board. “I don’t think that’s too much to ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reyes, however, urged patience. \u003ca href=\"https://ww3.arb.ca.gov/board/books/2021/102821/21-11-3pres.pdf\">Of the 15 communities\u003c/a>, three are still developing their clean-air plans and four are in their first year of implementation, she said. “It’s just too early to point to any of the communities and say, ‘Oh, they haven’t met their goals.’ Air quality does not change on a dime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An environmental justice advocate in Oakland, \u003ca href=\"https://woeip.org/about-woeip/margaret-gordon/\">Margaret Gordon\u003c/a>, agreed. “This is not instant. This is not Top Ramen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2017/07/california-environmental-success-poor-communities-remain-polluted/\">Even the law’s birth\u003c/a> was contentious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation was framed as a companion to a bill \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2017/08/california-climate-deal-net-big-bucks-polluters/\">extending the life of cap and trade\u003c/a>, California’s trailblazing carbon market designed to reduce climate-warming emissions. Under cap and trade, companies operating refineries, power plants and other industrial facilities can buy or trade credits to meet a declining cap on greenhouse gases without cutting local pollution.[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"environmental-justice\"]Environmental justice advocates fought the cap-and-trade extension, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2017/07/pollution-bill-legislature-just-passed-downpayment-environmental-justice/\">declaring it a “deal with the devil”\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/reporttopics/envother/env17_other/From-Plan-to-Progress-Appendix-A.pdf\">usurped local power\u003c/a> to cut carbon emissions from industrial facilities like refineries. \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002604\">One analysis\u003c/a> found that neighborhoods with increasing pollution during cap and trade’s early years were more likely home to people of color and people living in poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law — less stringent than \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB378\">an earlier version\u003c/a> that died in the Assembly — was supposed to end the unequal pollution burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet many residents and environmental justice advocates say the law pits disadvantaged communities against each other for selection in the program, and its effectiveness varies drastically by air district. In \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-10/17RD035%20-%20English%20-%20AB%20617%20UC%20Davis%20Report%20Final%20for%20distribution.pdf\">a UC Davis assessment\u003c/a>, participants described a program that fails to provide adequate training for community members who may have language barriers and limited knowledge of topics like refinery flares and pollution controls for ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was like a beautiful thing that was going to bring us something into our communities to protect them from cap and trade, and also try to get the community involved,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/magali-sanchez-hall-4617b048/\">Magali Sanchez-Hall\u003c/a>, an environmental activist and resident of Wilmington, in Los Angeles County. “That’s not what I have experienced, at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/applications/stationary-source-emissions\">a major source\u003c/a> of industrial air pollution, has said it supports the intent of the environmental justice law. But at the negotiating table with legislators, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2017/07/california-environmental-success-poor-communities-remain-polluted/\">it pushed back against stricter controls\u003c/a> over pollution and later tried, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2018-10/final_community_air_protection_blueprint_october_2018_appendix_c.pdf\">but failed\u003c/a>, to remove language in state guidelines that called for the “most stringent approaches for reducing emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and local air regulators list frustrations of their own in implementing the law: insufficient funding, inadequate time to repair community relationships damaged over decades, and no new authority over local governments’ land-use decisions, such as warehouse construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a tremendous amount of frustration between the various community groups and the district,” said Wayne Nastri, executive officer of the South Coast Air Quality Management District, the powerful agency responsible for the\u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/nav/about\"> air quality of about17 million people\u003c/a> in the Los Angeles basin. “It’s difficult to put those programs together when there isn’t trust between the community groups and the regulators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-asthma-freeways-and-port-pollution-in-stockton\">Asthma, freeways and port pollution in Stockton\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On the banks of the \u003ca href=\"http://delta.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Delta-Map-2020-508.pdf\">San Joaquin River\u003c/a> sits Stockton, home to an inland port. Trucks roar over freeways that cleave a city spotted with heavy industry, creased by rail lines and ringed by farm fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vehicles are a major source of smog and fine particles in South Stockton, with port-related operations accounting for about a quarter of the area’s dangerous diesel exhaust. Two of the 18 Stockton census tracts included in the state \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp\">program\u003c/a> are ranked within the top 1% of the most pollution-burdened areas in California. Eleven are in the top 25%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903575\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg\" alt=\"A large highway over a river.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Interstate 5 cuts over a channel off the San Joaquin River in Stockton, where freeways are a major source of pollution. The city has some of the highest rates of emergency room visits for asthma in the state. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among the most \u003ca href=\"https://www.usnews.com/info/blogs/press-room/articles/2020-01-22/us-news-special-report-stockton-calif-is-the-most-diverse-city-in-america\">racially diverse cities in the country\u003c/a>, Stockton bears the scars of \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f167b251809c43778a2f9f040f43d2f5\">racial residential segregation and redlining\u003c/a>. State and local officials plowed the Crosstown Freeway through communities of color, with demolitions and displacements starting in the late 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the neighborhoods crushed beneath freeway expansion was Little Manila, where only two of the original buildings in a once-vibrant Filipino American community remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stockton neighborhoods, especially those near the freeways, have some of the highest rates of asthma-related emergency room visits in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delvo, a second-generation Filipino American who co-founded Little Manila Rising, a community preservation group, is also fighting for clean air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be irresponsible for us to try to save these buildings and expect people to come here, when \u003cem>this,” \u003c/em>said Delvo, gesturing at the freeway looming over him, his voice raised over the roaring trucks, “exists right here. And the fact is that there are families in this community that need to breathe this air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Pana, the consequences of a childhood spent in South Stockton still linger. Her family moved there from the Philippines when she was 2 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pana has gone to the emergency room twice in just the past year for asthma attacks, and uses inhalers and other medications on a daily basis to keep her airways open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s just my life, and it was normalized,” said Pana, an aspiring social worker and former youth climate advocate with Little Manila Rising. “It’s not normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joining the Community Air Protection Program, however, hasn’t been the salve for generations of environmental racism that Pana, Delvo and others had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delvo once sat on \u003ca href=\"https://community.valleyair.org/media/1697/member-reference-guide.pdf\">the program’s community steering committee\u003c/a> before a colleague took over the role. Now he wonders whether the law can ever really be effective, given its reliance on air districts like the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District that have long presided over \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sanjoaquinvalley/epa-activities-cleaner-air\">some of the most polluted air in the country\u003c/a>. At a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/hjn8PFJ0M-g?t=8459\">board meeting\u003c/a>, a top air district official called the committee merely a “consultative body” without “any direct authority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903574\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903574\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg\" alt=\"A man with glasses stands against a blue wall outside of a building.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, stands in front of a Stockton building that was originally the Filipino Recreation Hall but is now boarded up. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think the intention of the legislation is good,” Delvo said. “But once it comes into the hands of whatever local agency is controlling it, they control the outcome of it. That’s the problem. That’s why you have widespread marginalization, specifically in the Central Valley.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort in Stockton has been plagued by delays and jurisdictional infighting. One example: A program to monitor the air at local schools that stalled after the Stockton Unified School District refused to host the devices, according to the air district. Stockton Unified representatives did not respond to multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/opinion/op-ed/article253058573.html\">biggest battle\u003c/a> came when advocacy groups questioned a district program to provide $5 million to the port to help pay for cleaner equipment, tugboat engines and a pollution capture device for tankers.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Dillon Delvo, executive director, Little Manila Rising\"]'I think the intention of the legislation is good. But once it comes into the hands of whatever local agency is controlling it, they control the outcome of it.'[/pullquote]“If this is just a process where we’re handing out money to industry to subsidize expanding their emissions, then that’s not something that [we] can be in support of,” Catherine Garoupa White, executive director of the Central Valley Air Quality Coalition, said at a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/MvPAVp7opWU?t=2978\">community steering committee meeting\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, state and local regulators approved a plan that eliminated the port incentives, but did not reallocate the $5 million to another Stockton program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Home to fertilizer importers, petroleum and biodiesel storage, cement companies, a biomass burning facility and other industries, the port supports \u003ca href=\"https://www.portofstockton.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/POS_Facts_infographic.pdf\">thousands of jobs\u003c/a>. Another 400 acres are approved for new development. Some of its tenants are planning expansions, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jeff Wingfield, the port’s director of environmental and public affairs, said port expansion and pollution don’t necessarily go hand in hand. About 60% of the port’s cargo-handling equipment is zero emission, he said. Cleaning up operations is costly, so extra funding would help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our annual budget is, like, $50 million. That’s a significant risk, and a significant investment for us,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-a-decades-long-battle-in-la-county-s-port-communities\">A decades-long battle in LA County's port communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>About 350 miles south, in the southwestern end of Los Angeles County, Wilmington, Carson and West Long Beach joined the Community Air Protection Program a year ahead of Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District officials say two sets of important emission-cutting rules enacted last year were accelerated because of the environmental justice law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People in the region, which is predominantly Latino, live with polluting industries almost in their backyards: \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ab-617-ab-134/steering-committees/wilmington/cerp/chapter-5b---draft---refineries---july-2019.pdf?sfvrsn=4#:~:text=The%20Wilmington%2C%20Carson%2C%20West%20Long,and%20two%20hydrogen%20production%20plants.\">five oil refineries\u003c/a>, nine rail yards, \u003ca href=\"https://www.porttechnology.org/news/top-5-ports-in-the-united-states/\">the nation’s two busiest ports\u003c/a>, 43 miles of freeway, three Superfund hazardous waste sites and other industrial facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents in the\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Los Angeles/Long Beach port area visit emergency rooms for asthma attacks \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/mates-v/mates-v-final-report-9-24-21.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">40% more often\u003c/a> than the state average. And their cancer risk from toxic air, primarily from diesel exhaust, was \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-studies/health-studies/mates-v\">35% higher\u003c/a> than the Los Angeles basin’s average in 2018 — although less than \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-studies/health-studies/mates-iv\">half the estimates\u003c/a> for 2012 and 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]After months of discussion with community activists, the South Coast Air Quality Management District \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ab-617-ab-134/steering-committees/wilmington/cerp/final-cerp-wcwlb.pdf?sfvrsn=8\">committed \u003c/a>to cutting smog-forming gases and sulfur from oil refineries in half by 2030, and in November set \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/news-archive/2021/board-adopts-refinerery-rules-nov5-2021.pdf\">new mandates\u003c/a> to eliminate up to eight tons a day of emissions from 16 oil refineries and other industrial plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules, projected to cost the companies \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/Agendas/Governing-Board/2021/2021-Nov5-034.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">more than $2 billion\u003c/a>, are intended to satisfy \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">the environmental justice law’s requirement\u003c/a> that industries accelerate installation of the best available technology to control smog-forming emissions and other pollution. They also play a key role in the Los Angeles basin’s latest efforts to comply with national health standards for smog — a half-century-long quest for the nation’s smoggiest region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their negotiations, oil companies \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule-book/Proposed-Rules/1109.1/wspa-pr1109-1-small-refinery-heaters-comment-letter-to-scaqmd-august-4-2021-(final)---copy.pdf?sfvrsn=4\">asked the district\u003c/a> to prove “both technical feasibility and cost effectiveness” and “provide a reasonable schedule” to install new technology on refinery heaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the timelines stretch to 2035 — far beyond the law’s Dec. 31, 2023, deadline. About half of the emissions reductions are expected by next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another measure adopted last year takes aim at \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/news-archive/2021/board-adopts-waisr-may7-2021.pdf\">diesel exhaust and smog-forming gases \u003c/a>from Southern California’s warehouses, a growing source in the San Bernardino area, which is another of the 15 communities in the state’s environmental justice program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2021/reg6_5_210721_2021_023-pdf.pdf?la=en\">The Bay Area also enacted a rule \u003c/a>last year to cut refinery pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the Wilmington, Carson and West Long Beach area, advocates called the new refinery rule a limited victory that has taken, and will take, far too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now all eyes have turned to pollution from the ports, where recent shipping backups have caused soot and smog to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-11/SPBP_Congestion_Anchorage_Emissions_Final.pdf\">skyrocket\u003c/a>. After years of negotiations with the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, the air district board decided that if the port fails to come up with an acceptable \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/fbmsm-docs/08112021-draft-marine-ports-mou-pola-polb-staff.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">clean-air plan\u003c/a> by this Friday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/clean-air-plans/air-quality-mgt-plan/facility-based-mobile-source-measures/comm-ports-wkng-grp\">the board will draft mandatory rules\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s still a battle to get clean-air regulation,” said Chris Chavez, who grew up in West Long Beach and is now deputy policy director with the Coalition for Clean Air. “It’s just that we have a better shot at it now than we had a couple years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-community-groups-call-for-change\">Community groups call for change\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After more than four years, the law has reached an inflection point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/PBP%20Writers%20Group%20Draft%20for%20CARB%202021.09.08_acc.pdf\">The People’s Blueprint\u003c/a>, proposed by community groups and environmental advocates, seeks explicit new policies and training promoting equity and inclusion. It also calls for greater transparency and community control over budgets, and consequences for air districts that fail to show progress or act without community input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State air board officials \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/Blueprint%20Process%209.8.21%20FNL_v3.pdf\">are reviewing\u003c/a> the proposal, and plan to draft new guidelines expected to be considered next year. “There is nothing off the table,” the air board’s Reyes told CalMatters. “We really need to find ways to expand the benefits of the program … because it’s not sustainable, especially if the funding levels stay consistent in the way that they have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millions of Californians live in thousands of census tracts the state \u003ca href=\"https://calepa.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2017/04/SB-535-Designation-Final.pdf\">considers disadvantaged\u003c/a>, in part because they may bear disproportionate burdens of pollution. Focusing on only 15 communities “is not satisfying,” said Garcia, the original bill's author. “We’re leaving behind a bunch of potential communities, and they all deserve justice.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Chris Chavez, deputy policy director, Coalition for Clean Air\"]'It's still a battle to get clean air regulation. It's just that we have a better shot at it now than we had a couple years ago.'[/pullquote]Legislative efforts \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccair.org/advancing-environmental-justice-through-law/\">to tackle environmental justice\u003c/a> more widely, however, have stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Garcia introduced a bill barring refineries and other facilities that fail to promptly install the latest pollution-scrubbing technology from participating in cap and trade. Bills in the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">Senate\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1296\">Assembly\u003c/a> proposed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">adding environmental justice representatives\u003c/a> to the Los Angeles basin air district’s board. Two more bills tried to take aim at \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB499\">industrial\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1547\">warehouse\u003c/a> expansion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None succeeded, though some have \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">already\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1001\">been\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1547\">revived\u003c/a> for another pass through the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, residents across the state are still waiting to find out whether California’s landmark environmental justice law will make a difference in their daily lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If not, “then community members and organizations have to take matters into their own hands,” Pana said, standing outside her old school in Stockton. “We’re going to keep fighting for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The 2017 law is meant to improve air quality in 15 hot spot communities, home to nearly 4 million people. But after more than 4 years and $1 billion invested, it remains unclear how much of a difference it's made.\r\n\r\n",
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"description": "The 2017 law is meant to improve air quality in 15 hot spot communities, home to nearly 4 million people. But after more than 4 years and $1 billion invested, it remains unclear how much of a difference it's made.\r\n\r\n",
"title": "'The Jury's Out': Is California's Landmark Environmental Justice Law Helping Communities With the Dirtiest Air? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The South Stockton classroom where Ashley Pearl Pana spent recess trapped indoors is still there, 16 years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the wind stirred up dust and soot, when the sun stewed smokestack and tailpipe exhaust into smog, when pollution squeezed her airways, Pana’s asthma forced her inside, behind the classroom’s closed door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the kids were playing outside, and I’d just watch them through the windows,” Pana, now 23, said while visiting her old elementary school. A new generation of children, masked against COVID-19’s newest threats to still-developing lungs, ran in the playground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'No matter what, air quality is always an issue in my life, something I have to be constantly aware about.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It was a clear day, the kind that makes South Stockton’s consistently filthy air difficult to imagine. But in \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/calenviroscreen/maps-data\">one of California’s most dangerously polluted communities\u003c/a>, emergency room visits for asthma attacks are among the highest in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter what, air quality is always an issue in my life,” Pana said, “something I have to be constantly aware about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">Assembly Bill 617, passed in 2017\u003c/a>, requires local air districts and the state Air Resources Board to reduce air pollution in marginalized communities. The law established the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp\">Community Air Protection Program\u003c/a>, which tasks residents and local officials with shaping regulations and steering state money to a handful of hot spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hailed as “\u003ca href=\"https://blogs.edf.org/climate411/2017/07/12/california-models-climate-and-air-pollution-action-with-balanced-approach/\">unprecedented\u003c/a>” by some environmental groups, the law was supposed to create a program to measure and combat air pollution at the neighborhood level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, more than $1 billion in state funds has been appropriated for community grants, industry incentives and government costs. But it's still not possible to gauge whether the program will improve the smoggy and toxic air that almost 4 million people breathe in \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp-communities\">15 communities.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of those \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp-communities\">communities\u003c/a> — including Richmond, West Oakland, Stockton, San Bernardino and Wilmington — have high poverty rates and are predominantly Latino, Black and Asian American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, even as the law’s clean-air program prepares to fold in new neighborhoods, a major question lingers: Is it working?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The jury’s out,” said \u003ca href=\"https://humanecology.ucdavis.edu/jonathan-london\">Jonathan London\u003c/a>, an associate professor of human ecology at UC Davis who is keeping tabs on the law. It’s “an ongoing experiment with the potential for significant benefits, but also significant obstacles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental justice advocates have called the law \u003ca href=\"https://caleja.org/2017/07/justice-deferred-a-break-down-of-californias-cap-trade-bill-from-the-environmental-justice-perspective/\">toothless\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://caleja.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/CEJA_AB617_r4-2.pdf\">warn that\u003c/a> it has “largely failed to produce the promised quantifiable, permanent, and enforceable emissions reductions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903595\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1399px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903595\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png\" alt=\"Left photo: A woman wearing glasses. Right photo: A woman's hands, filled with various breathing medications.\" width=\"1399\" height=\"485\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png 1399w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-800x277.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-1020x354.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-160x55.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1399px) 100vw, 1399px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashley Pearl Pana (left) in South Stockton, where she grew up. Pana (right) shows the inhalers and other medication she uses daily to manage her asthma. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The struggle to achieve the law’s ambitious goals has been marked by battles between residents and local air regulators, and by jurisdictional juggling among agencies, each responsible for a different portion of pollution. Meanwhile, people continue to suffer from inhaling dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it having the improvements that I want it to have, at the level that I wanted to have? No, we need a lot more,” said Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://a58.asmdc.org/\">Cristina Garcia\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Bell Gardens, who authored the bill. “Is it engaging the community and empowering them, so they could push for change? Oh, definitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law is just one tool — and, its author acknowledges, an imperfect one at that — intending to fix decades of environmental racism, questionable land-use decisions and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2021/11/california-housing-crisis-podcast-freeways/\">freeway construction\u003c/a> that have left \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/attach/2019/02/cv-air-pollution-CA-web.pdf\">poor communities of color\u003c/a> hemmed in \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f555670d30a942e4b46b18293e2795a7\">by California’s industrial corridors\u003c/a>. It’s a monumental task, and experts say no one law will be a panacea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At stake is the health of \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f555670d30a942e4b46b18293e2795a7\">millions of people\u003c/a> who live near California’s refineries, ports and freeways that are the sources of smog and other toxic pollutants that trigger asthma attacks and have been linked to cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Air Resources Board staff recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/board/mt/2021/mt102821.pdf?_ga=2.69808464.133961995.1641835269-324582198.1598231589\">called it\u003c/a> “a catalyst to change the way we work with communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet some Stockton residents and community groups have had a far different experience, tangling with local air regulators about funding decisions and delayed air-pollution monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the beginning of this process, we were all kumbaya,” said Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, a historic preservation organization turned environmental justice group in South Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the end,” he said, “it was terrible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-tremendous-amount-of-frustration\">'Tremendous amount of frustration'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For more than half a century, California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/history\">state\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/research/publications/50-years-of-progress\">local air regulators\u003c/a> have enacted pioneering rules to clean up pollution from smokestacks and tailpipes. Trailblazing mandates \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/03/california-diesel-rules/\">to tackle diesel exhaust\u003c/a> — a known carcinogen — and other toxic air contaminants \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b02766\">cut Californians’ risk of getting cancer from bad air by 76%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it hasn’t been enough. Parts of California still have the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/research/sota/city-rankings/most-polluted-cities\">worst air quality in the country\u003c/a>, with about 87% of Californians living in areas that exceeded federal healthy air standards in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the San Joaquin Valley alone, breathing fine particles is estimated to cause \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/clean-air-plan-san-joaquin-valley-first-meet-all-federal-standards-fine-particle-pollution\">1,200 premature deaths\u003c/a> from respiratory and heart disease per year. Poor communities of color are still exposed to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-03/final_community_air_protection_blueprint_october_2018_acc.pdf\">double the cancer-causing diesel exhaust\u003c/a> than that of their more affluent neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://calmatters-ab617-maps.netlify.app/#amp=1\" width=\"1000\" height=\"780\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia’s law aimed to tackle pollution hot spots by creating a greater role for community activists and residents in the complex regulatory process. Local air districts responsible for regulating smokestack pollution must now work with communities to craft clean-air plans. The law also calls for increased air monitoring, bigger fines for polluters and faster deployment of new pollution-scrubbing retrofits on smokestacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/carb-announces-new-director-office-community-air-protection#:~:text=SACRAMENTO%20%E2%80%93%20Today%20CARB%20Executive%20Officer,Community%20Air%20Protection%20(DOCAP).\">Deldi Reyes\u003c/a>, director of the Air Resources Board’s Office of Community Air Protection, told board members at an October meeting that there has been progress since the environmental justice law was enacted, with an estimated 75 tons of fine particles expected to be cut across 11 communities — equivalent to removing 75,000 heavy-duty diesel trucks from California roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But neither \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">the law\u003c/a> nor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/final-community-air-protection-blueprint\">the state-developed guidelines\u003c/a> for its implementation include specific targets for measurably improving air quality or public health in the selected communities. Though the program relies heavily on time and effort from community members, decision-making is ultimately left to state and local air regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d like to see more accountability built into the program,” said \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/leadership/john-r-balmes-md\">Dr. John Balmes\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at UCSF and a member of the California Air Resources Board. “I don’t think that’s too much to ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reyes, however, urged patience. \u003ca href=\"https://ww3.arb.ca.gov/board/books/2021/102821/21-11-3pres.pdf\">Of the 15 communities\u003c/a>, three are still developing their clean-air plans and four are in their first year of implementation, she said. “It’s just too early to point to any of the communities and say, ‘Oh, they haven’t met their goals.’ Air quality does not change on a dime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An environmental justice advocate in Oakland, \u003ca href=\"https://woeip.org/about-woeip/margaret-gordon/\">Margaret Gordon\u003c/a>, agreed. “This is not instant. This is not Top Ramen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2017/07/california-environmental-success-poor-communities-remain-polluted/\">Even the law’s birth\u003c/a> was contentious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation was framed as a companion to a bill \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2017/08/california-climate-deal-net-big-bucks-polluters/\">extending the life of cap and trade\u003c/a>, California’s trailblazing carbon market designed to reduce climate-warming emissions. Under cap and trade, companies operating refineries, power plants and other industrial facilities can buy or trade credits to meet a declining cap on greenhouse gases without cutting local pollution.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Environmental justice advocates fought the cap-and-trade extension, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2017/07/pollution-bill-legislature-just-passed-downpayment-environmental-justice/\">declaring it a “deal with the devil”\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/reporttopics/envother/env17_other/From-Plan-to-Progress-Appendix-A.pdf\">usurped local power\u003c/a> to cut carbon emissions from industrial facilities like refineries. \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002604\">One analysis\u003c/a> found that neighborhoods with increasing pollution during cap and trade’s early years were more likely home to people of color and people living in poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law — less stringent than \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB378\">an earlier version\u003c/a> that died in the Assembly — was supposed to end the unequal pollution burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet many residents and environmental justice advocates say the law pits disadvantaged communities against each other for selection in the program, and its effectiveness varies drastically by air district. In \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-10/17RD035%20-%20English%20-%20AB%20617%20UC%20Davis%20Report%20Final%20for%20distribution.pdf\">a UC Davis assessment\u003c/a>, participants described a program that fails to provide adequate training for community members who may have language barriers and limited knowledge of topics like refinery flares and pollution controls for ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was like a beautiful thing that was going to bring us something into our communities to protect them from cap and trade, and also try to get the community involved,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/magali-sanchez-hall-4617b048/\">Magali Sanchez-Hall\u003c/a>, an environmental activist and resident of Wilmington, in Los Angeles County. “That’s not what I have experienced, at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/applications/stationary-source-emissions\">a major source\u003c/a> of industrial air pollution, has said it supports the intent of the environmental justice law. But at the negotiating table with legislators, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2017/07/california-environmental-success-poor-communities-remain-polluted/\">it pushed back against stricter controls\u003c/a> over pollution and later tried, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2018-10/final_community_air_protection_blueprint_october_2018_appendix_c.pdf\">but failed\u003c/a>, to remove language in state guidelines that called for the “most stringent approaches for reducing emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and local air regulators list frustrations of their own in implementing the law: insufficient funding, inadequate time to repair community relationships damaged over decades, and no new authority over local governments’ land-use decisions, such as warehouse construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a tremendous amount of frustration between the various community groups and the district,” said Wayne Nastri, executive officer of the South Coast Air Quality Management District, the powerful agency responsible for the\u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/nav/about\"> air quality of about17 million people\u003c/a> in the Los Angeles basin. “It’s difficult to put those programs together when there isn’t trust between the community groups and the regulators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-asthma-freeways-and-port-pollution-in-stockton\">Asthma, freeways and port pollution in Stockton\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On the banks of the \u003ca href=\"http://delta.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Delta-Map-2020-508.pdf\">San Joaquin River\u003c/a> sits Stockton, home to an inland port. Trucks roar over freeways that cleave a city spotted with heavy industry, creased by rail lines and ringed by farm fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vehicles are a major source of smog and fine particles in South Stockton, with port-related operations accounting for about a quarter of the area’s dangerous diesel exhaust. Two of the 18 Stockton census tracts included in the state \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp\">program\u003c/a> are ranked within the top 1% of the most pollution-burdened areas in California. Eleven are in the top 25%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903575\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg\" alt=\"A large highway over a river.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Interstate 5 cuts over a channel off the San Joaquin River in Stockton, where freeways are a major source of pollution. The city has some of the highest rates of emergency room visits for asthma in the state. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among the most \u003ca href=\"https://www.usnews.com/info/blogs/press-room/articles/2020-01-22/us-news-special-report-stockton-calif-is-the-most-diverse-city-in-america\">racially diverse cities in the country\u003c/a>, Stockton bears the scars of \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f167b251809c43778a2f9f040f43d2f5\">racial residential segregation and redlining\u003c/a>. State and local officials plowed the Crosstown Freeway through communities of color, with demolitions and displacements starting in the late 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the neighborhoods crushed beneath freeway expansion was Little Manila, where only two of the original buildings in a once-vibrant Filipino American community remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stockton neighborhoods, especially those near the freeways, have some of the highest rates of asthma-related emergency room visits in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delvo, a second-generation Filipino American who co-founded Little Manila Rising, a community preservation group, is also fighting for clean air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be irresponsible for us to try to save these buildings and expect people to come here, when \u003cem>this,” \u003c/em>said Delvo, gesturing at the freeway looming over him, his voice raised over the roaring trucks, “exists right here. And the fact is that there are families in this community that need to breathe this air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Pana, the consequences of a childhood spent in South Stockton still linger. Her family moved there from the Philippines when she was 2 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pana has gone to the emergency room twice in just the past year for asthma attacks, and uses inhalers and other medications on a daily basis to keep her airways open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s just my life, and it was normalized,” said Pana, an aspiring social worker and former youth climate advocate with Little Manila Rising. “It’s not normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joining the Community Air Protection Program, however, hasn’t been the salve for generations of environmental racism that Pana, Delvo and others had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delvo once sat on \u003ca href=\"https://community.valleyair.org/media/1697/member-reference-guide.pdf\">the program’s community steering committee\u003c/a> before a colleague took over the role. Now he wonders whether the law can ever really be effective, given its reliance on air districts like the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District that have long presided over \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sanjoaquinvalley/epa-activities-cleaner-air\">some of the most polluted air in the country\u003c/a>. At a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/hjn8PFJ0M-g?t=8459\">board meeting\u003c/a>, a top air district official called the committee merely a “consultative body” without “any direct authority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903574\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903574\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg\" alt=\"A man with glasses stands against a blue wall outside of a building.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, stands in front of a Stockton building that was originally the Filipino Recreation Hall but is now boarded up. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think the intention of the legislation is good,” Delvo said. “But once it comes into the hands of whatever local agency is controlling it, they control the outcome of it. That’s the problem. That’s why you have widespread marginalization, specifically in the Central Valley.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort in Stockton has been plagued by delays and jurisdictional infighting. One example: A program to monitor the air at local schools that stalled after the Stockton Unified School District refused to host the devices, according to the air district. Stockton Unified representatives did not respond to multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/opinion/op-ed/article253058573.html\">biggest battle\u003c/a> came when advocacy groups questioned a district program to provide $5 million to the port to help pay for cleaner equipment, tugboat engines and a pollution capture device for tankers.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“If this is just a process where we’re handing out money to industry to subsidize expanding their emissions, then that’s not something that [we] can be in support of,” Catherine Garoupa White, executive director of the Central Valley Air Quality Coalition, said at a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/MvPAVp7opWU?t=2978\">community steering committee meeting\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, state and local regulators approved a plan that eliminated the port incentives, but did not reallocate the $5 million to another Stockton program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Home to fertilizer importers, petroleum and biodiesel storage, cement companies, a biomass burning facility and other industries, the port supports \u003ca href=\"https://www.portofstockton.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/POS_Facts_infographic.pdf\">thousands of jobs\u003c/a>. Another 400 acres are approved for new development. Some of its tenants are planning expansions, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jeff Wingfield, the port’s director of environmental and public affairs, said port expansion and pollution don’t necessarily go hand in hand. About 60% of the port’s cargo-handling equipment is zero emission, he said. Cleaning up operations is costly, so extra funding would help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our annual budget is, like, $50 million. That’s a significant risk, and a significant investment for us,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-a-decades-long-battle-in-la-county-s-port-communities\">A decades-long battle in LA County's port communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>About 350 miles south, in the southwestern end of Los Angeles County, Wilmington, Carson and West Long Beach joined the Community Air Protection Program a year ahead of Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District officials say two sets of important emission-cutting rules enacted last year were accelerated because of the environmental justice law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People in the region, which is predominantly Latino, live with polluting industries almost in their backyards: \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ab-617-ab-134/steering-committees/wilmington/cerp/chapter-5b---draft---refineries---july-2019.pdf?sfvrsn=4#:~:text=The%20Wilmington%2C%20Carson%2C%20West%20Long,and%20two%20hydrogen%20production%20plants.\">five oil refineries\u003c/a>, nine rail yards, \u003ca href=\"https://www.porttechnology.org/news/top-5-ports-in-the-united-states/\">the nation’s two busiest ports\u003c/a>, 43 miles of freeway, three Superfund hazardous waste sites and other industrial facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents in the\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Los Angeles/Long Beach port area visit emergency rooms for asthma attacks \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/mates-v/mates-v-final-report-9-24-21.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">40% more often\u003c/a> than the state average. And their cancer risk from toxic air, primarily from diesel exhaust, was \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-studies/health-studies/mates-v\">35% higher\u003c/a> than the Los Angeles basin’s average in 2018 — although less than \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-studies/health-studies/mates-iv\">half the estimates\u003c/a> for 2012 and 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>After months of discussion with community activists, the South Coast Air Quality Management District \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ab-617-ab-134/steering-committees/wilmington/cerp/final-cerp-wcwlb.pdf?sfvrsn=8\">committed \u003c/a>to cutting smog-forming gases and sulfur from oil refineries in half by 2030, and in November set \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/news-archive/2021/board-adopts-refinerery-rules-nov5-2021.pdf\">new mandates\u003c/a> to eliminate up to eight tons a day of emissions from 16 oil refineries and other industrial plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules, projected to cost the companies \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/Agendas/Governing-Board/2021/2021-Nov5-034.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">more than $2 billion\u003c/a>, are intended to satisfy \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">the environmental justice law’s requirement\u003c/a> that industries accelerate installation of the best available technology to control smog-forming emissions and other pollution. They also play a key role in the Los Angeles basin’s latest efforts to comply with national health standards for smog — a half-century-long quest for the nation’s smoggiest region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their negotiations, oil companies \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule-book/Proposed-Rules/1109.1/wspa-pr1109-1-small-refinery-heaters-comment-letter-to-scaqmd-august-4-2021-(final)---copy.pdf?sfvrsn=4\">asked the district\u003c/a> to prove “both technical feasibility and cost effectiveness” and “provide a reasonable schedule” to install new technology on refinery heaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the timelines stretch to 2035 — far beyond the law’s Dec. 31, 2023, deadline. About half of the emissions reductions are expected by next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another measure adopted last year takes aim at \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/news-archive/2021/board-adopts-waisr-may7-2021.pdf\">diesel exhaust and smog-forming gases \u003c/a>from Southern California’s warehouses, a growing source in the San Bernardino area, which is another of the 15 communities in the state’s environmental justice program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2021/reg6_5_210721_2021_023-pdf.pdf?la=en\">The Bay Area also enacted a rule \u003c/a>last year to cut refinery pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the Wilmington, Carson and West Long Beach area, advocates called the new refinery rule a limited victory that has taken, and will take, far too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now all eyes have turned to pollution from the ports, where recent shipping backups have caused soot and smog to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-11/SPBP_Congestion_Anchorage_Emissions_Final.pdf\">skyrocket\u003c/a>. After years of negotiations with the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, the air district board decided that if the port fails to come up with an acceptable \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/fbmsm-docs/08112021-draft-marine-ports-mou-pola-polb-staff.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">clean-air plan\u003c/a> by this Friday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/clean-air-plans/air-quality-mgt-plan/facility-based-mobile-source-measures/comm-ports-wkng-grp\">the board will draft mandatory rules\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s still a battle to get clean-air regulation,” said Chris Chavez, who grew up in West Long Beach and is now deputy policy director with the Coalition for Clean Air. “It’s just that we have a better shot at it now than we had a couple years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-community-groups-call-for-change\">Community groups call for change\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After more than four years, the law has reached an inflection point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/PBP%20Writers%20Group%20Draft%20for%20CARB%202021.09.08_acc.pdf\">The People’s Blueprint\u003c/a>, proposed by community groups and environmental advocates, seeks explicit new policies and training promoting equity and inclusion. It also calls for greater transparency and community control over budgets, and consequences for air districts that fail to show progress or act without community input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State air board officials \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/Blueprint%20Process%209.8.21%20FNL_v3.pdf\">are reviewing\u003c/a> the proposal, and plan to draft new guidelines expected to be considered next year. “There is nothing off the table,” the air board’s Reyes told CalMatters. “We really need to find ways to expand the benefits of the program … because it’s not sustainable, especially if the funding levels stay consistent in the way that they have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millions of Californians live in thousands of census tracts the state \u003ca href=\"https://calepa.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2017/04/SB-535-Designation-Final.pdf\">considers disadvantaged\u003c/a>, in part because they may bear disproportionate burdens of pollution. Focusing on only 15 communities “is not satisfying,” said Garcia, the original bill's author. “We’re leaving behind a bunch of potential communities, and they all deserve justice.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Legislative efforts \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccair.org/advancing-environmental-justice-through-law/\">to tackle environmental justice\u003c/a> more widely, however, have stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Garcia introduced a bill barring refineries and other facilities that fail to promptly install the latest pollution-scrubbing technology from participating in cap and trade. Bills in the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">Senate\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1296\">Assembly\u003c/a> proposed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">adding environmental justice representatives\u003c/a> to the Los Angeles basin air district’s board. Two more bills tried to take aim at \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB499\">industrial\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1547\">warehouse\u003c/a> expansion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None succeeded, though some have \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">already\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1001\">been\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1547\">revived\u003c/a> for another pass through the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, residents across the state are still waiting to find out whether California’s landmark environmental justice law will make a difference in their daily lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If not, “then community members and organizations have to take matters into their own hands,” Pana said, standing outside her old school in Stockton. “We’re going to keep fighting for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Pandemic and Teacher Burnout\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The COVID-19 pandemic has placed incredible pressure on our school systems and on teachers in particular, who say they’re experiencing burnout like never before. Many of the teachers we talked to say their workload — which wasn’t light even before the pandemic — has become gargantuan. Even as schools are already struggling with major staffing shortages, study after study finds that teachers are contemplating quitting in record numbers. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beatrice Viramontes, Teach for America Bay Area executive director\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This Week in California News and Politics\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, the city of San Jose made bold moves to increase gun control, hundreds of acres of land were returned to Native Americans, and U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi announced she’ll seek another term in office. Our panel of reporters considers the week’s big stories in California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, KQED politics and government correspondent \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adhiti Bandlamudi, KQED Silicon Valley reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: East Bay Vivarium\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week’s Something Beautiful should perhaps be called Something Slithery. At the East Bay Vivarium you can find all kinds of snakes and lizards and even a massive komodo dragon. There are also tarantulas and scorpions for the braver among us! \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"disqusTitle": "'Regular' Ol' Bay Area Fog or Tule Fog?",
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"headTitle": "Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11902996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png\" alt='Cartoon: \"Regular\" fog or tule fog? Summer fog flowing over Sutro tower. Text reads, \"most bay area fog forms when hot inland temps bring cool moisture onshore.\" Second panel: fog flows from the valley towards the ocean. \"Tule fog forms in colder inland valleys and sometimes gets pulled to the warmer coast.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the Bay Area we're used to fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summertime tends to be the foggiest time along the coast — just ask those freezing tourists at Fisherman's Wharf in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put simply, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer\">our summer marine layer happens when inland valleys heat up, drawing cool condensed moisture (fog) from over the Pacific Ocean\u003c/a> inland through the Golden Gate and other gaps in the coastal hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's more than one way to freeze in the fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter is the time for tule fog, a low \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/safety/fog-radiation\">radiation fog\u003c/a> that forms from the ground up and is named after the tule reeds in the marshes of the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every so often in winter we see dense tule fog drift west, as far as the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air pressure and temperature relationships are flipped in wintertime, when it is usually much warmer at the coast than in the inland valleys — so the fog flows from the valleys to the sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Whitcomb, writing in Bay Nature, \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/article/tule-fog/\">likens it to a big inhale in the summer, when fog is drawn inland\u003c/a> — followed by an exhale in winter, when tule fog moves toward the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tule fog over the bay is relatively unusual, but it is a common fact of winter life in the Central Valley, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JennyToste/status/1204598662858297346\">where the fog sometimes reduces visibility to zero\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/JennyToste/status/1204598662858297346?s=20&t=wd72oi_5jJE0hDSa3aFB7Q\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So even though the Bay Area's summertime fog and the Central Valley's tule fog are very different ... they're both cold and wet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dress in layers and know which way the wind blows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11902996\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png\" alt='Cartoon: \"Regular\" fog or tule fog? Summer fog flowing over Sutro tower. Text reads, \"most bay area fog forms when hot inland temps bring cool moisture onshore.\" Second panel: fog flows from the valley towards the ocean. \"Tule fog forms in colder inland valleys and sometimes gets pulled to the warmer coast.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tulefog_final01-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the Bay Area we're used to fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summertime tends to be the foggiest time along the coast — just ask those freezing tourists at Fisherman's Wharf in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put simply, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11682511/why-san-francisco-gets-so-windy-and-foggy-in-the-summer\">our summer marine layer happens when inland valleys heat up, drawing cool condensed moisture (fog) from over the Pacific Ocean\u003c/a> inland through the Golden Gate and other gaps in the coastal hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's more than one way to freeze in the fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter is the time for tule fog, a low \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/safety/fog-radiation\">radiation fog\u003c/a> that forms from the ground up and is named after the tule reeds in the marshes of the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every so often in winter we see dense tule fog drift west, as far as the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air pressure and temperature relationships are flipped in wintertime, when it is usually much warmer at the coast than in the inland valleys — so the fog flows from the valleys to the sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Whitcomb, writing in Bay Nature, \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/article/tule-fog/\">likens it to a big inhale in the summer, when fog is drawn inland\u003c/a> — followed by an exhale in winter, when tule fog moves toward the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tule fog over the bay is relatively unusual, but it is a common fact of winter life in the Central Valley, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JennyToste/status/1204598662858297346\">where the fog sometimes reduces visibility to zero\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "a-real-blessing-tribal-group-reclaims-more-than-500-acres-of-northern-california-redwoods",
"title": "'A Real Blessing': Tribal Group Reclaims More Than 500 Acres of Northern California Redwoods",
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"headTitle": "‘A Real Blessing’: Tribal Group Reclaims More Than 500 Acres of Northern California Redwoods | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A conservation group representing Northern California tribes is reclaiming a pristine swath of redwood forest along the state’s rugged coastline in northern Mendocino County, part of an ecologically rich region that Indigenous people inhabited for thousands of years before white settlers violently displaced them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetheredwoods.org/\">Save the Redwoods League\u003c/a> bought the remote 523-acre plot — part of the largely undeveloped Lost Coast — and announced this week it had transferred ownership to the \u003ca href=\"https://sinkyone.org/\">InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council\u003c/a>, or Sinkyone Council, which includes members of 10 federally recognized tribes in Mendocino and Lake counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sinkyone call the land Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ (pronounced “tsih-ih-LEY-duhn”), meaning “Fish Run Place.” Located about 170 miles north of San Francisco in the traditional territory of the Sinkyone people, it includes some 200 acres of ancient towering old-growth redwood trees miraculously spared by loggers, along with a dense canopy of second-growth groves, Douglas firs, tanoaks and madrones. The forest is a habitat for a number of threatened species, including the marbled murrelet, northern spotted owl and yellow-legged frog. Anderson Creek, a winding tributary of the South Fork Eel River, cuts through the property, supporting coho salmon and steelhead trout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11902730\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11902730\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web.jpeg\" alt=\"A person stares up at a giant redwood tree.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"933\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web.jpeg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Save the Redwoods League staff member gazes up at a towering old growth redwood tree in Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ, the 523-acre expanse of forest on the Lost Coast that the organization purchased two years ago — and recently donated to the InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council. \u003ccite>(Max Forster/Save the Redwoods League)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You have a lot of happy Indians up this way,” said Priscilla Hunter, chairwoman of the Sinkyone Council and a tribal citizen of the Coyote Valley Band of Pomo Indians. “It’s not often that you get land donated back to the Indians. You know, they’re always taking it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hunter, a tribal elder who turns 75 next month, said she has only seen pictures of the remote property, which is at least a four-hour drive north from her home in Redwood Valley, but hopes to visit soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a gift — a real blessing to our tribes,” she said. “Our relatives and our ancestors are happy and can be at peace, because this is where our ancestors were forced off their land and had to run away from either being killed or taken away. I believe that their spirits and our spirits are connected together today in a happy time.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Hawk Rosales, former executive director, InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council\"]‘These lands have never stopped being the traditional territories of Indigenous peoples. Those tribal nations never, ever gave up their inherent rights to those places.’[/pullquote]As part of the transfer, the council agreed to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.conservationeasement.us/what-is-a-conservation-easement/\">conservation easement\u003c/a>, a covenant guaranteeing the ongoing protection of the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Within Indigenous law and natural law is this mandate to be vigilant, to be diligent and to constantly be responsible for how we care for nature and how we interact with it,” said Hawk Rosales, who recently stepped down as the council’s executive director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property transfer follows in the tradition of what’s called the \u003ca href=\"https://landback.org/\">Land Back movement\u003c/a>, a growing effort to return stolen land to the descendants of Indigenous people who inhabited it for millennia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s in the heart of the traditional Sinkyone tribal territory of the Indigenous peoples who lived in this region,” said Rosales, of the newly reclaimed property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The area, he said, is exceedingly remote, hours from the nearest highway and accessible only by narrow, private roads. And while the family that most recently owned it logged some of the property, they left much of it intact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a profoundly beautiful place. It has many characteristics of an intact ecosystem,” he said. “There is a very powerful quiet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosales pointed to the deep connection the Sinkyone people have with this stretch of fog-shrouded, mountainous coastline near the South Fork Eel River (called “Sinkikok”), where they established seasonal settlements and used the land as their hunting, fishing and ceremonial grounds for thousands of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11902653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11902653 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1.jpeg\" alt=\"A map showing the newly reclaimed Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ property and other Sinkyone Council lands.\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1187\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1-800x618.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1-1020x788.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1-160x124.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The newly reclaimed 523-acre Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ in northern Mendocino’s Lost Coast sits nestled between Sinkyone Wilderness State Park and Usal Redwood Forest.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But in the mid-1800s, large groups of white settlers, drawn by the timber, perpetrated a wave of genocide on the Indigenous peoples in the region — much as they did throughout the rest of California and the West. State-sanctioned massacres, disease, and forced relocations to reservations decimated the local population. Large lumber companies eventually claimed vast swaths of land, quickly logging most of the prime redwood and Douglas fir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite all of the damage and harm that Indigenous people in this region and elsewhere have sustained, there is that connection that is still very strong with this place,” Rosales said. “I felt that when I went to this land.”[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"land-back\"]Established in 1986, the Ukiah-based \u003ca href=\"https://sinkyone.org/\">Sinkyone Council\u003c/a> works to protect natural lands of cultural importance within the traditional Sinkyone tribal territory along the North Coast. Like most of its other properties — including the nearby 3,800-acre InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness — Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ will not be open to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea is really to protect it and what it represents, rather than making this some sort of destination,” Rosales said, noting that it’s up to members of the council to determine how the remote land will be used and accessed. “This is not a place where a bunch of people can really converge easily.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hunter, the council chairwoman, says members of her community can’t wait to set foot on the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would love to see it,” she said, of Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ. “People are already asking me. Our members and Indian people who love nature can hardly wait to get up there and feel the energy and feel the peace.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The League \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetheredwoods.org/press-releases/523-acres-of-forestland-donated-to-intertribal-sinkyone-wilderness-council/\">bought the property in 2020\u003c/a> for $3.55 million, an amount fully covered by Pacific Gas and Electric’s environmental mitigation program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s awesome. It’s a really spectacular place,” said Sam Hodder, the league’s president. “It’s very much a wild property and yet has such evidence of past management from timber harvest. You can see the giant stumps of the old growth that were there, interspersed with mature and recovering second growth and some remnant old growth trees. So on the one hand, it has these layers of human mismanagement and yet the dominant sense of natural resilience as the forest grows back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11902731\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11902731\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood.jpeg\" alt=\"A creek running through a redwood forest.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anderson Creek cuts through the newly reclaimed property. The tributary of the South Fork Eel River is a Class I fish-bearing stream supporting threatened coho salmon and steelhead trout. \u003ccite>(Alex Herr/Save the Redwoods League)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The power of that resilience, Hodder said, is magnified by the process of returning the land to the Indigenous communities that have long been its caretakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my visits to the property with members of the tribes represented by the council, there was a big sense of returning, a sense of a healing,” he said, “that the communities that have stewarded and lived in this region across millennia, that were extricated with colonization, are now coming back as stewards of that natural healing and as owners of land. And that’s a pretty special moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The league made a similar land transfer to the council a decade ago, with a 164-acre property north of Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ, known as Four Corners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These lands have never stopped being the traditional territories of Indigenous peoples,” Rosales added. “Those tribal nations never, ever gave up their inherent rights to those places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so those were never relinquished,” he said. “Therefore, they are still intact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: The land parcel transferred to the Sinkyone Council is 523 acres, not 538 acres as originally stated in this post. \u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Save the Redwoods League this week announced it had transferred ownership of 523-acres of redwood forest on the Lost Coast — part of the Sinkyone people's ancestral territory — to a group representing 10 Northern California tribes.",
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"title": "'A Real Blessing': Tribal Group Reclaims More Than 500 Acres of Northern California Redwoods | KQED",
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"headline": "'A Real Blessing': Tribal Group Reclaims More Than 500 Acres of Northern California Redwoods",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A conservation group representing Northern California tribes is reclaiming a pristine swath of redwood forest along the state’s rugged coastline in northern Mendocino County, part of an ecologically rich region that Indigenous people inhabited for thousands of years before white settlers violently displaced them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetheredwoods.org/\">Save the Redwoods League\u003c/a> bought the remote 523-acre plot — part of the largely undeveloped Lost Coast — and announced this week it had transferred ownership to the \u003ca href=\"https://sinkyone.org/\">InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council\u003c/a>, or Sinkyone Council, which includes members of 10 federally recognized tribes in Mendocino and Lake counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sinkyone call the land Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ (pronounced “tsih-ih-LEY-duhn”), meaning “Fish Run Place.” Located about 170 miles north of San Francisco in the traditional territory of the Sinkyone people, it includes some 200 acres of ancient towering old-growth redwood trees miraculously spared by loggers, along with a dense canopy of second-growth groves, Douglas firs, tanoaks and madrones. The forest is a habitat for a number of threatened species, including the marbled murrelet, northern spotted owl and yellow-legged frog. Anderson Creek, a winding tributary of the South Fork Eel River, cuts through the property, supporting coho salmon and steelhead trout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11902730\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11902730\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web.jpeg\" alt=\"A person stares up at a giant redwood tree.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"933\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web.jpeg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Max_Forster_Fish_Run_Place_27_web-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Save the Redwoods League staff member gazes up at a towering old growth redwood tree in Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ, the 523-acre expanse of forest on the Lost Coast that the organization purchased two years ago — and recently donated to the InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council. \u003ccite>(Max Forster/Save the Redwoods League)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You have a lot of happy Indians up this way,” said Priscilla Hunter, chairwoman of the Sinkyone Council and a tribal citizen of the Coyote Valley Band of Pomo Indians. “It’s not often that you get land donated back to the Indians. You know, they’re always taking it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hunter, a tribal elder who turns 75 next month, said she has only seen pictures of the remote property, which is at least a four-hour drive north from her home in Redwood Valley, but hopes to visit soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a gift — a real blessing to our tribes,” she said. “Our relatives and our ancestors are happy and can be at peace, because this is where our ancestors were forced off their land and had to run away from either being killed or taken away. I believe that their spirits and our spirits are connected together today in a happy time.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘These lands have never stopped being the traditional territories of Indigenous peoples. Those tribal nations never, ever gave up their inherent rights to those places.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As part of the transfer, the council agreed to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.conservationeasement.us/what-is-a-conservation-easement/\">conservation easement\u003c/a>, a covenant guaranteeing the ongoing protection of the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Within Indigenous law and natural law is this mandate to be vigilant, to be diligent and to constantly be responsible for how we care for nature and how we interact with it,” said Hawk Rosales, who recently stepped down as the council’s executive director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property transfer follows in the tradition of what’s called the \u003ca href=\"https://landback.org/\">Land Back movement\u003c/a>, a growing effort to return stolen land to the descendants of Indigenous people who inhabited it for millennia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s in the heart of the traditional Sinkyone tribal territory of the Indigenous peoples who lived in this region,” said Rosales, of the newly reclaimed property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The area, he said, is exceedingly remote, hours from the nearest highway and accessible only by narrow, private roads. And while the family that most recently owned it logged some of the property, they left much of it intact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a profoundly beautiful place. It has many characteristics of an intact ecosystem,” he said. “There is a very powerful quiet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosales pointed to the deep connection the Sinkyone people have with this stretch of fog-shrouded, mountainous coastline near the South Fork Eel River (called “Sinkikok”), where they established seasonal settlements and used the land as their hunting, fishing and ceremonial grounds for thousands of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11902653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11902653 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1.jpeg\" alt=\"A map showing the newly reclaimed Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ property and other Sinkyone Council lands.\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1187\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1-800x618.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1-1020x788.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/Tcih-Leh-Dun_Location-Map_06-14-21-1536x1187-1-160x124.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The newly reclaimed 523-acre Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ in northern Mendocino’s Lost Coast sits nestled between Sinkyone Wilderness State Park and Usal Redwood Forest.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But in the mid-1800s, large groups of white settlers, drawn by the timber, perpetrated a wave of genocide on the Indigenous peoples in the region — much as they did throughout the rest of California and the West. State-sanctioned massacres, disease, and forced relocations to reservations decimated the local population. Large lumber companies eventually claimed vast swaths of land, quickly logging most of the prime redwood and Douglas fir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite all of the damage and harm that Indigenous people in this region and elsewhere have sustained, there is that connection that is still very strong with this place,” Rosales said. “I felt that when I went to this land.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Established in 1986, the Ukiah-based \u003ca href=\"https://sinkyone.org/\">Sinkyone Council\u003c/a> works to protect natural lands of cultural importance within the traditional Sinkyone tribal territory along the North Coast. Like most of its other properties — including the nearby 3,800-acre InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness — Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ will not be open to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea is really to protect it and what it represents, rather than making this some sort of destination,” Rosales said, noting that it’s up to members of the council to determine how the remote land will be used and accessed. “This is not a place where a bunch of people can really converge easily.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hunter, the council chairwoman, says members of her community can’t wait to set foot on the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would love to see it,” she said, of Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ. “People are already asking me. Our members and Indian people who love nature can hardly wait to get up there and feel the energy and feel the peace.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The League \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetheredwoods.org/press-releases/523-acres-of-forestland-donated-to-intertribal-sinkyone-wilderness-council/\">bought the property in 2020\u003c/a> for $3.55 million, an amount fully covered by Pacific Gas and Electric’s environmental mitigation program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s awesome. It’s a really spectacular place,” said Sam Hodder, the league’s president. “It’s very much a wild property and yet has such evidence of past management from timber harvest. You can see the giant stumps of the old growth that were there, interspersed with mature and recovering second growth and some remnant old growth trees. So on the one hand, it has these layers of human mismanagement and yet the dominant sense of natural resilience as the forest grows back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11902731\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11902731\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood.jpeg\" alt=\"A creek running through a redwood forest.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/stream_redwood-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anderson Creek cuts through the newly reclaimed property. The tributary of the South Fork Eel River is a Class I fish-bearing stream supporting threatened coho salmon and steelhead trout. \u003ccite>(Alex Herr/Save the Redwoods League)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The power of that resilience, Hodder said, is magnified by the process of returning the land to the Indigenous communities that have long been its caretakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my visits to the property with members of the tribes represented by the council, there was a big sense of returning, a sense of a healing,” he said, “that the communities that have stewarded and lived in this region across millennia, that were extricated with colonization, are now coming back as stewards of that natural healing and as owners of land. And that’s a pretty special moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The league made a similar land transfer to the council a decade ago, with a 164-acre property north of Tc’ih-Léh-Dûñ, known as Four Corners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These lands have never stopped being the traditional territories of Indigenous peoples,” Rosales added. “Those tribal nations never, ever gave up their inherent rights to those places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so those were never relinquished,” he said. “Therefore, they are still intact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: The land parcel transferred to the Sinkyone Council is 523 acres, not 538 acres as originally stated in this post. \u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/ahead_012422_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11902541\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/ahead_012422_final.png\" alt='Cartoon: a road sign along Highway 1 in Big Sur reads, \"Caution: flooding, debris flow, wildfire, tsunami, drought, whales, frogs, locusts ahead.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1379\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/ahead_012422_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/ahead_012422_final-800x575.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/ahead_012422_final-1020x733.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/ahead_012422_final-160x115.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/ahead_012422_final-1536x1103.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorebigsurfire\">A rare winter wildfire led to evacuation orders in Big Sur over the weekend.\u003c/a> By Monday morning, the blaze, called the Colorado Fire, was 35% contained, Cal Fire reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rugged terrain of Big Sur is a place of California weather extremes, hit with deluges one month and wildfires the next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sign like the one in this cartoon would not be out of place along Highway 1 in Big Sur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, maybe not the locusts (yet) — but everything else is very possible along one of California’s most beautiful stretches of coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11902176\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised.png\" alt='Cartoon: a container ship carries a huge wrapped heart with a tag that says, \"to: Tonga, love, The Bay Area.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1261\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised-800x525.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised-1020x670.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised-160x105.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised-1536x1009.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to help people who have been affected by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/01/18/1073800454/nasa-scientists-estimate-tonga-blast-at-10-megatons\">the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano and tsunami in Tonga\u003c/a>, you haven’t missed the boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two ships will soon leave the Port of Oakland. \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioretongarelief\">Here’s how to donate relief supplies like water, nonperishable foods and KN95 masks.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not often we’re asked to donate tangible aid that will be delivered halfway across the globe; cash donations are usually preferred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in this case, that nonperishable food or box of face masks you drop off at 2525 Mandela Parkway, Suite 1 in Oakland by Feb. 2 or Feb. 5 — depending on the ship — will sail across the ocean and arrive in Tonga four or five weeks later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bon voyage!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11902176\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised.png\" alt='Cartoon: a container ship carries a huge wrapped heart with a tag that says, \"to: Tonga, love, The Bay Area.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1261\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised-800x525.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised-1020x670.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised-160x105.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/tonga_012022_final_revised-1536x1009.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to help people who have been affected by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/01/18/1073800454/nasa-scientists-estimate-tonga-blast-at-10-megatons\">the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano and tsunami in Tonga\u003c/a>, you haven’t missed the boat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two ships will soon leave the Port of Oakland. \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fioretongarelief\">Here’s how to donate relief supplies like water, nonperishable foods and KN95 masks.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not often we’re asked to donate tangible aid that will be delivered halfway across the globe; cash donations are usually preferred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in this case, that nonperishable food or box of face masks you drop off at 2525 Mandela Parkway, Suite 1 in Oakland by Feb. 2 or Feb. 5 — depending on the ship — will sail across the ocean and arrive in Tonga four or five weeks later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bon voyage!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]P[/dropcap]andemic clean-out, Marie Kondo-ing, spring cleaning … whatever you want to call it — there is a massive purge of clothing coming out of people’s closets right now. Thrift stores across the country have reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/12/entertainment/marie-kondo-konmari-tidying-up-netflix-trnd/index.html\">unprecedented surges\u003c/a> in their clothing donations in recent years — the first boom coincided with the release of the popular Netflix show, “Tidying Up with Marie Kondo,” and another wave came during the \u003ca href=\"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/covid-19-propels-an-already-surging-secondhand-clothing-market-2020-06-23\">coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what happens to all those old throwaways?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is what Bay Curious listener Ellen wants to know. Her question: \u003cstrong>What can you do with used clothing? And what if it’s not suitable for donation sites? Can you recycle the material?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellen’s question won a Bay Curious voting round by the largest margin we’ve ever seen. And for good reason. In North America, \u003ca href=\"https://issuu.com/fashionrevolution/docs/fr_zine2_rgb/8\">10.5 million tons\u003c/a> of clothes go to landfills every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>First, Try to Keep Clothes as Clothes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To find out what is being done about this in the Bay Area, I started with my own closet. I’m moving from the Bay Area and I asked a friend of mine, Mairin Wilson, to help me sort my stuff. She’s an expert on sustainable clothing and says the first step in the recycling process is to try to keep the clothes as clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The longer the clothing can just be worn as clothing, the more sustainable it is,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She suggested we try to resell as much of my clothing as possible. We separated it into piles, ranked from high to low quality, to sell on online platforms like Poshmark, thredUP and Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Top Tips From This Story\u003c/strong>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Try to sell your unwanted clothes, give them away to friends or repurpose the item in your own life.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you can’t sell clothing — donate it. Places like Goodwill try to keep clothing in use. Still, some of what gets donated ends up in the landfill.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recycle the clothing. A few options to explore: \u003ca href=\"https://sfenvironment.org/textiles?fbclid=IwAR1tJPm5DTr5a8B8vX46XZ4LpMEl_U_-ixlOrJ3bx8JBfdYzGFzkEuRizIg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SF Environment\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.terracycle.com/en-US/zero_waste_boxes/fabrics-and-clothing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TerraCycle\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://fordays.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">For Days\u003c/a>. More options are coming to the Bay Area soon.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Right now, blended fabrics are more difficult to recycle than something that is 100% cotton, 100% polyester or 100% wool. Opt for 100% when you can.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Buy less. And commit to wearing what you do buy \u003ca href=\"https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/livia-firth-every-time-you-shop-always-think-will-i-wear-this-a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">at least 30 times\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wilson says this is an exciting moment in the fashion world because consumers are starting to get value back from their clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes you want to buy that higher-quality sweater,” she says. “Clothing no longer becomes this one-time purchase. It becomes an investment. And it’s not just buying high-quality clothing for yourself. It’s for the future of the garment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Donating clothing to a thrift shop or Goodwill is a solid option, too —we’ll get more into how that works below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, there was the clothing that I couldn’t resell or donate, the pile of my old socks, undies, and clothes with rips and stains. The stuff usually destined for the trash can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best option for these worn-out items is to be turned back into fabric, if possible. There are just a handful of facilities worldwide that do this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11760170 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Woman lighting small piece of clothing on fire over a plate.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mairin Wilson lights the corner of a T-shirt to test what material it is. This shirt is cotton since it immediately ignited — and it smelled like a campfire. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of the first challenges that textile recyclers face when they receive used clothing is determining what type of fibers an item is made from. Wilson demonstrated how companies will burn pieces of clothing to learn if they’re cotton, polyester, wool or some type of blend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“E\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">very fabric is going to burn a little bit differently, and the smell of the smoke will be a little different,” says Wilson. “With polyester, it’s like if you were to burn plastic. At first it curls away. But then 100 percent cotton will immediately ignite.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760214\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11760214\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A close-up look at clothes compressed in a clothing bale at Goodwill. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>If You Can’t Resell or Donate … Recycle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One clothing company based in L.A. is working with textile recycling facilities in South Carolina and Spain to turn used clothes back into new clothes. It’s called \u003ca href=\"https://fordays.com/\">For Days\u003c/a> and it has a unique membership model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We offer a join-and-swap model,” says co-founder Kristy Caylor. “Basically, you select your tees, tanks or sweats, and then you can change the old ones out for new ones anytime, for any reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Days takes those used clothes and turns them back into new ones using a mechanical recycling process. (And if you send in a bag of used clothes to be recycled, they will give you a discount. That’s what I did.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We chop up the old clothing, it gets blended together, some virgin fiber is added to it, it’s made into yarn and then it’s remade into clothes or other stuff, depending on the yarn,” says Caylor. “So that’s why we know how to recycle clothes, because we do it as part of our business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More and more retailers now offer clothing recycling programs, and some will give you a store discount for participating. Madewell gives a discount on purchase of a new pair of jeans if you turn in an old pair. The North Face offers $10 off a purchase of $100 if you turn in a bag of gently used clothing. Patagonia and Levis both offer repair services on their clothes. REI allows trade-in on some used items they can resell.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>On the Horizon in Bay Area Textile Recycling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If your clothing is so damaged that it cannot be reused, it may need to be recycled. Used textiles can be broken down and turned into things like insulation, rags, carpet or acoustic sound paneling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earth911.org has a tool to help you \u003ca href=\"https://earth911.com/recycling-guide/how-to-recycle-clothing-accessories/#recycling-locator\">find a textile recycling drop off near you.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goodwill of San Francisco, San Mateo and Marin Counties is at the very beginning of developing their own recycling technology, says CEO William Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11760194 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tiffany Lumpsey sorts through clothing at Goodwill’s sorting facility in South San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re sort of leading the charge around working with innovators who are able to separate fabric, right? So if you have something that’s 50% cotton, 50% polyester, they’re able to separate it mechanically and then use these as virgin fiber. So virgin polyester. Virgin cotton,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the clothes that Goodwill doesn’t sell in its retail stores or online boutiques either get packaged in bulk to send to vendors or go to the landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760191\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11760191\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clothes that Goodwill can’t sell get compressed in this baler and sold to third-party vendors. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the vendors buy Goodwill’s clothes to turn them into rags, like United Textile in San Leandro. But many of the other vendors ship the clothes to Mexico or overseas to sell in secondhand clothing markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Rogers made the case that these clothes help people in poverty, others argue the influx of cheap clothes destroys local clothing industries, and that a lot of the clothing ends up in landfills abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers says that Goodwill currently sends about 5 percent of its clothes to the landfill, which is typical for the fashion industry overall. But they are hoping, with their new facility, to get this down to zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it’s a really exciting moment because it means that we may actually have the opportunity to never have to put a textile in the landfill again,” says Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published in July 2019. Information was updated in January 2022.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Americans have been cleaning out their closets like never before during the pandemic. But what happens to all those old throwaways?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">P\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>andemic clean-out, Marie Kondo-ing, spring cleaning … whatever you want to call it — there is a massive purge of clothing coming out of people’s closets right now. Thrift stores across the country have reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/12/entertainment/marie-kondo-konmari-tidying-up-netflix-trnd/index.html\">unprecedented surges\u003c/a> in their clothing donations in recent years — the first boom coincided with the release of the popular Netflix show, “Tidying Up with Marie Kondo,” and another wave came during the \u003ca href=\"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/covid-19-propels-an-already-surging-secondhand-clothing-market-2020-06-23\">coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what happens to all those old throwaways?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is what Bay Curious listener Ellen wants to know. Her question: \u003cstrong>What can you do with used clothing? And what if it’s not suitable for donation sites? Can you recycle the material?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellen’s question won a Bay Curious voting round by the largest margin we’ve ever seen. And for good reason. In North America, \u003ca href=\"https://issuu.com/fashionrevolution/docs/fr_zine2_rgb/8\">10.5 million tons\u003c/a> of clothes go to landfills every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>First, Try to Keep Clothes as Clothes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To find out what is being done about this in the Bay Area, I started with my own closet. I’m moving from the Bay Area and I asked a friend of mine, Mairin Wilson, to help me sort my stuff. She’s an expert on sustainable clothing and says the first step in the recycling process is to try to keep the clothes as clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The longer the clothing can just be worn as clothing, the more sustainable it is,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She suggested we try to resell as much of my clothing as possible. We separated it into piles, ranked from high to low quality, to sell on online platforms like Poshmark, thredUP and Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Top Tips From This Story\u003c/strong>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Try to sell your unwanted clothes, give them away to friends or repurpose the item in your own life.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you can’t sell clothing — donate it. Places like Goodwill try to keep clothing in use. Still, some of what gets donated ends up in the landfill.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recycle the clothing. A few options to explore: \u003ca href=\"https://sfenvironment.org/textiles?fbclid=IwAR1tJPm5DTr5a8B8vX46XZ4LpMEl_U_-ixlOrJ3bx8JBfdYzGFzkEuRizIg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SF Environment\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.terracycle.com/en-US/zero_waste_boxes/fabrics-and-clothing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TerraCycle\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://fordays.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">For Days\u003c/a>. More options are coming to the Bay Area soon.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Right now, blended fabrics are more difficult to recycle than something that is 100% cotton, 100% polyester or 100% wool. Opt for 100% when you can.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Buy less. And commit to wearing what you do buy \u003ca href=\"https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/livia-firth-every-time-you-shop-always-think-will-i-wear-this-a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">at least 30 times\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wilson says this is an exciting moment in the fashion world because consumers are starting to get value back from their clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes you want to buy that higher-quality sweater,” she says. “Clothing no longer becomes this one-time purchase. It becomes an investment. And it’s not just buying high-quality clothing for yourself. It’s for the future of the garment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Donating clothing to a thrift shop or Goodwill is a solid option, too —we’ll get more into how that works below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, there was the clothing that I couldn’t resell or donate, the pile of my old socks, undies, and clothes with rips and stains. The stuff usually destined for the trash can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best option for these worn-out items is to be turned back into fabric, if possible. There are just a handful of facilities worldwide that do this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11760170 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Woman lighting small piece of clothing on fire over a plate.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mairin Wilson lights the corner of a T-shirt to test what material it is. This shirt is cotton since it immediately ignited — and it smelled like a campfire. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of the first challenges that textile recyclers face when they receive used clothing is determining what type of fibers an item is made from. Wilson demonstrated how companies will burn pieces of clothing to learn if they’re cotton, polyester, wool or some type of blend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“E\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">very fabric is going to burn a little bit differently, and the smell of the smoke will be a little different,” says Wilson. “With polyester, it’s like if you were to burn plastic. At first it curls away. But then 100 percent cotton will immediately ignite.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760214\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11760214\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-16.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A close-up look at clothes compressed in a clothing bale at Goodwill. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>If You Can’t Resell or Donate … Recycle\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One clothing company based in L.A. is working with textile recycling facilities in South Carolina and Spain to turn used clothes back into new clothes. It’s called \u003ca href=\"https://fordays.com/\">For Days\u003c/a> and it has a unique membership model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We offer a join-and-swap model,” says co-founder Kristy Caylor. “Basically, you select your tees, tanks or sweats, and then you can change the old ones out for new ones anytime, for any reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Days takes those used clothes and turns them back into new ones using a mechanical recycling process. (And if you send in a bag of used clothes to be recycled, they will give you a discount. That’s what I did.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We chop up the old clothing, it gets blended together, some virgin fiber is added to it, it’s made into yarn and then it’s remade into clothes or other stuff, depending on the yarn,” says Caylor. “So that’s why we know how to recycle clothes, because we do it as part of our business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More and more retailers now offer clothing recycling programs, and some will give you a store discount for participating. Madewell gives a discount on purchase of a new pair of jeans if you turn in an old pair. The North Face offers $10 off a purchase of $100 if you turn in a bag of gently used clothing. Patagonia and Levis both offer repair services on their clothes. REI allows trade-in on some used items they can resell.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>On the Horizon in Bay Area Textile Recycling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If your clothing is so damaged that it cannot be reused, it may need to be recycled. Used textiles can be broken down and turned into things like insulation, rags, carpet or acoustic sound paneling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earth911.org has a tool to help you \u003ca href=\"https://earth911.com/recycling-guide/how-to-recycle-clothing-accessories/#recycling-locator\">find a textile recycling drop off near you.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goodwill of San Francisco, San Mateo and Marin Counties is at the very beginning of developing their own recycling technology, says CEO William Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11760194 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-6.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tiffany Lumpsey sorts through clothing at Goodwill’s sorting facility in South San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re sort of leading the charge around working with innovators who are able to separate fabric, right? So if you have something that’s 50% cotton, 50% polyester, they’re able to separate it mechanically and then use these as virgin fiber. So virgin polyester. Virgin cotton,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the clothes that Goodwill doesn’t sell in its retail stores or online boutiques either get packaged in bulk to send to vendors or go to the landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11760191\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11760191\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Clothes-14.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clothes that Goodwill can’t sell get compressed in this baler and sold to third-party vendors. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the vendors buy Goodwill’s clothes to turn them into rags, like United Textile in San Leandro. But many of the other vendors ship the clothes to Mexico or overseas to sell in secondhand clothing markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Rogers made the case that these clothes help people in poverty, others argue the influx of cheap clothes destroys local clothing industries, and that a lot of the clothing ends up in landfills abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogers says that Goodwill currently sends about 5 percent of its clothes to the landfill, which is typical for the fashion industry overall. But they are hoping, with their new facility, to get this down to zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it’s a really exciting moment because it means that we may actually have the opportunity to never have to put a textile in the landfill again,” says Rogers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published in July 2019. Information was updated in January 2022.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>After at least three of Tonga’s smaller islands \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-health-tonga-red-cross-and-red-crescent-tsunamis-b89c5c17eaa82888374d78e450cffe9f\">suffered significant damage\u003c/a> from tsunami waves caused by the undersea eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano over the weekend, members of the Bay Area’s Tongan community are mobilizing to send aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A family-owned shipping company based out of the Port of Oakland that regularly ships to Tonga is organizing a relief effort and preparing to send the first of two container ships with supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sesilia Langi Pahulu, operations manager for SF Enterprises, said that nearly all the company’s workers have family on Tonga and that many are still struggling to get in contact with relatives after the eruption and tsunami largely cut Tonga’s internet connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We talked to our staff until the power and the phone lines went out Friday night,” said Pahulu. “They were all trying to get to higher ground.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SF Enterprises sends shipping containers to Tonga throughout the year, and estimates that the cargo ships will take between four and five weeks to arrive from the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first of two ships carrying relief supplies for Tonga is scheduled to sail from Oakland on Friday. A second ship is scheduled to leave on Feb. 5. The deadline to drop off supplies for the second ship is by 4 p.m. on Feb. 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is needed:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Drinking water\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Nonperishable foods that are easy to prepare\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Medical supplies including KN95 masks and first aid kits\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Paper towels\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to drop off donations:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n2525 Mandela Parkway, Suite 1\u003cbr>\nOakland, CA 94607 (\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/maps/DTiZpy7M2585EyWB9\">map\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drop-off donations are accepted 8 a.m.-12 p.m. and 1 p.m.-4 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Sesilia Langi Pahulu, operations manager for SF Enterprises\"]‘It’s not going to be something that’s going to be fixed in a month. This is going to be ongoing for a year or two, I would imagine.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the U.S. Census, around 61,000 Tongans live in the United States. Tonga itself has a population of about 105,000. Pahulu noted there’s a considerably large Tongan community in the Bay Area, particularly in San Mateo County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/tonga-tsunami-relief-by-pita-taufatofua\">GoFundMe account\u003c/a> also has been set up by \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/19/sport/pita-taufatofua-fundraiser-tonga-volcanic-eruption-spt-intl/index.html\">Pita Taufatofua, the Tongan Olympic flag bearer\u003c/a>, to assist those most in need and help with repairs to infrastructure. The fund has already raised more than $490,000 AUD, or Australian dollars (equal to $353,403 U.S. dollars), toward a goal of $1,000,000 AUD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the Tongan government confirmed three deaths, of two local residents and one British woman. The death toll is expected to rise as more reports come from around the island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other countries are mobilizing to assist in relief efforts for Tonga, including New Zealand and Australia. New Zealand has already sent two ships carrying 66,000 gallons of water and a desalination plant with the capacity to produce over 18,000 gallons per day. The ships also will bring a survey and diving team to help assess the damage to shipping channels. Australia is preparing to send aid by air and ship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11901877\" label=\"Related Post\"]According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/tongageologicalservice\">Tonga Geological Services\u003c/a>, plumes of smoke, ash and gas from the explosion on Saturday evening rose more than 12 miles above sea level and reached about 150 miles across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Satellite imagery and reconnaissance aircraft showed the volcano coated the main island with a 0.78-inch layer of ash, preventing planes from landing on the runway at Fua’amotu International Airport. Volunteers sweeping the ash to clear a path for aircraft hope to have it ready by Thursday. Officials say one of the major problems facing Tonga’s main island of Tongatapu is the ash contaminating the rainwater residents rely on to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pahulu said donations of water and medical supplies will be shipped to the National Emergency Management Office (NEMO) in Tonga. She stressed that the recovery process will take a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not going to be something that’s going to be fixed in a month,” Pahulu said. “This is going to be ongoing for a year or two, I would imagine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The other concern we have as a logistics company is, ‘What is the condition of the port in Tonga?'” Pahulu added, saying she hopes that by the time the first ship reaches the islands in four or five weeks, the infrastructure will be in place to distribute aid to those in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting by KQED’s Alice Woelfle and The Associated Press. The embedded radio interview was produced by KQED’s Brian Watt.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After at least three of Tonga’s smaller islands \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-health-tonga-red-cross-and-red-crescent-tsunamis-b89c5c17eaa82888374d78e450cffe9f\">suffered significant damage\u003c/a> from tsunami waves caused by the undersea eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano over the weekend, members of the Bay Area’s Tongan community are mobilizing to send aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A family-owned shipping company based out of the Port of Oakland that regularly ships to Tonga is organizing a relief effort and preparing to send the first of two container ships with supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sesilia Langi Pahulu, operations manager for SF Enterprises, said that nearly all the company’s workers have family on Tonga and that many are still struggling to get in contact with relatives after the eruption and tsunami largely cut Tonga’s internet connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We talked to our staff until the power and the phone lines went out Friday night,” said Pahulu. “They were all trying to get to higher ground.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SF Enterprises sends shipping containers to Tonga throughout the year, and estimates that the cargo ships will take between four and five weeks to arrive from the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first of two ships carrying relief supplies for Tonga is scheduled to sail from Oakland on Friday. A second ship is scheduled to leave on Feb. 5. The deadline to drop off supplies for the second ship is by 4 p.m. on Feb. 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is needed:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Drinking water\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Nonperishable foods that are easy to prepare\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Medical supplies including KN95 masks and first aid kits\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Paper towels\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to drop off donations:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n2525 Mandela Parkway, Suite 1\u003cbr>\nOakland, CA 94607 (\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/maps/DTiZpy7M2585EyWB9\">map\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drop-off donations are accepted 8 a.m.-12 p.m. and 1 p.m.-4 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the U.S. Census, around 61,000 Tongans live in the United States. Tonga itself has a population of about 105,000. Pahulu noted there’s a considerably large Tongan community in the Bay Area, particularly in San Mateo County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/tonga-tsunami-relief-by-pita-taufatofua\">GoFundMe account\u003c/a> also has been set up by \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/19/sport/pita-taufatofua-fundraiser-tonga-volcanic-eruption-spt-intl/index.html\">Pita Taufatofua, the Tongan Olympic flag bearer\u003c/a>, to assist those most in need and help with repairs to infrastructure. The fund has already raised more than $490,000 AUD, or Australian dollars (equal to $353,403 U.S. dollars), toward a goal of $1,000,000 AUD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/tongageologicalservice\">Tonga Geological Services\u003c/a>, plumes of smoke, ash and gas from the explosion on Saturday evening rose more than 12 miles above sea level and reached about 150 miles across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Satellite imagery and reconnaissance aircraft showed the volcano coated the main island with a 0.78-inch layer of ash, preventing planes from landing on the runway at Fua’amotu International Airport. Volunteers sweeping the ash to clear a path for aircraft hope to have it ready by Thursday. Officials say one of the major problems facing Tonga’s main island of Tongatapu is the ash contaminating the rainwater residents rely on to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pahulu said donations of water and medical supplies will be shipped to the National Emergency Management Office (NEMO) in Tonga. She stressed that the recovery process will take a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not going to be something that’s going to be fixed in a month,” Pahulu said. “This is going to be ongoing for a year or two, I would imagine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The other concern we have as a logistics company is, ‘What is the condition of the port in Tonga?'” Pahulu added, saying she hopes that by the time the first ship reaches the islands in four or five weeks, the infrastructure will be in place to distribute aid to those in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting by KQED’s Alice Woelfle and The Associated Press. The embedded radio interview was produced by KQED’s Brian Watt.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>COVID-19 Update\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s been a week of pandemic record highs across the nation and in California. State health officials say 23% of professionally administered COVID-19 tests are positive, while the daily count of new cases has been topping 100,000 for the past several days. Some school districts have closed their doors and returned temporarily to online learning, while Sonoma County has taken the step of banning large indoor and outdoor gatherings for the next month.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Sundari R. Mase, Sonoma County Health Officer\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>SF Mayor London Breed\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last month, Mayor London Breed declared a state of emergency in the Tenderloin neighborhood, vowing a police crackdown on the regular — and open — crime there. Criticism of her call for increased police intervention came swiftly from the city’s district attorney, Chesa Boudin, and other city leaders. The situation in the Tenderloin, and the debate over how to handle it, reveal tensions in a city known for its progressive politics.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Mayor London Breed\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This Week in California Politics\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, Gov. Gavin Newsom unveiled a $286 billion budget that includes a surplus of $45 billion. Newsom’s proposal aims to address five key areas: COVID-19, climate change, homelessness, the cost of living, and public safety. Our panel of reporters looks at what these spending priorities mean for where California is heading.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scott Shafer, KQED senior politics and government editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tal Kopan, San Francisco Chronicle Washington, D.C., correspondent\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Baughman’s Western Outfitters\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We don’t usually feature a store in this segment, but Baughman’s Western Outfitters has a strong local history: It’s been family-owned for 140 years. If you want to visit a piece of California’s Wild West past, check out their selection of jeans, cowboy hats and boots. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>COVID-19 Update\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s been a week of pandemic record highs across the nation and in California. State health officials say 23% of professionally administered COVID-19 tests are positive, while the daily count of new cases has been topping 100,000 for the past several days. Some school districts have closed their doors and returned temporarily to online learning, while Sonoma County has taken the step of banning large indoor and outdoor gatherings for the next month.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Sundari R. Mase, Sonoma County Health Officer\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>SF Mayor London Breed\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last month, Mayor London Breed declared a state of emergency in the Tenderloin neighborhood, vowing a police crackdown on the regular — and open — crime there. Criticism of her call for increased police intervention came swiftly from the city’s district attorney, Chesa Boudin, and other city leaders. The situation in the Tenderloin, and the debate over how to handle it, reveal tensions in a city known for its progressive politics.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guest:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Mayor London Breed\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This Week in California Politics\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, Gov. Gavin Newsom unveiled a $286 billion budget that includes a surplus of $45 billion. Newsom’s proposal aims to address five key areas: COVID-19, climate change, homelessness, the cost of living, and public safety. Our panel of reporters looks at what these spending priorities mean for where California is heading.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the past few weeks, the Bay Area has received a deluge of rain. In addition to replenishing groundwater and aquifers, the rain has allowed a particular species to prosper — the mushroom, our tiny little fungal friend. Mushrooms have been springing up in forests and backyards, potted plants and dark corners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that’s going on in the world, it might be easier to ignore the humble mushroom, but KQED Forum took the time to discuss finding and foraging mushrooms in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Alexis Madrigal spoke with Tony Alvarez, a member of the North American Mycological Association and leader of group foraging sessions called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/shroomywalkabout/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shroomy Walkabouts\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://paulstamets.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paul Stamets\u003c/a>, a renowned advocate for the ingenuity and utility of fungi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alexis Madrigal: You do a lot of your work here in the Bay Area, and my assumption is that the rain has made this an absolutely banner year for mushrooms. What’s going on out there in the mushroom world?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tony Alvarez\u003c/strong>: The rain has really set off the bloom. Honestly, like I’ve never seen before in other years. I don’t know if it’s because of the fires, the cleaning of a lot of the forest floors of debris. I’m not exactly sure what’s causing it — but the blooms have been astounding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m actually seeing some mushrooms that I’ve never seen in the Bay Area. I’ve only seen them up north — and I’m just seeing them in abundance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been really, really beautiful to see these things at work and all playing their part in this beautiful ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets, you have found and worked with thousands of mushrooms. Can you remember how you started your career? When did you decide that these were marvelous creatures and organisms?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: My earliest memory was when I was about 5 years old. I was pelting my twin brother with puffballs [a mushroom] and they kind of explode with this brown cloud of spores. I remember my mother coming out saying, “Don’t throw puff balls … The spores will make him blind!” That actually is not true — spores won’t make you blind, but that’s my earliest memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children are constantly playing, and to get them in contact with nature through mushrooms — the mushroom portal, so to speak — has been a very valuable way of getting a new generation of biologists inspired about nature and protecting the ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tony, how did you go “through the mushroom portal”? How did you end up being someone who is now part of the North American Mycological Association?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tony Alvarez\u003c/strong>: I’ve always spent time in nature. I spent a lot of time alone when I was very young, so I was left to my own devices picking up rocks, turning over rocks, finding little mushrooms and whatnot. When I was in my teen years and I was gifted some magic mushrooms — that is how I went through my portal, and the connection with the mushrooms was so strong from that moment on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was very passionate about it when I was young, and kind of lost touch with it. And then I took a foraging course, and it just brought me back and I was just overwhelmed with joy, overwhelmed with love for these beautiful creatures that do so much for us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/CXpqvUXrhy3/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What advice do you have for young people interested in getting more involved in the field of mycology?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: I would recommend that you join a mycology society. You’ve got four or five really good mycology societies here in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mssf.org/\">Mycological\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.mssf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Society of San Francisco\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Area Mycological Association\u003c/a> up north, \u003ca href=\"https://www.somamushrooms.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sonoma County Mycological Association\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mendocinocoastmushroomclub.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mendocino Coast Mushroom Club\u003c/a>, and the [\u003ca href=\"https://ffsc.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fungus Federation of Santa Cruz\u003c/a>].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We oftentimes say it’s like an adult Easter egg hunt. But children are closer to the ground. You cannot be poisoned by a mushroom by touching it. However, the caution that all of us mycologists want to give you — there are deadly poison species out there, so do not randomly go out and pick mushrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve been involved in the mycological society since I was about 15 years old, and I highly recommend that you be surrounded by others who have this knowledge. I’d be remiss not mentioning, I think the most prominent mushroom field guide is “\u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/education/california_mushrooms_book_review.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Mushrooms: [The Comprehensive] Identification Guide\u003c/a>” by Dennis E. Desjardin, Michael G. Wood and Frederick A. Stevens and then “\u003ca href=\"https://www.shroomsupply.com/books-videos/mushrooms-demystified\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mushrooms Demystified\u003c/a>” by David Arora.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are there any movements or thoughts in the mushroom community about how to best harvest mushrooms? How do we ensure that we haven’t harvested 100% of the mushrooms as foraging gains popularity? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: Fantastic question. I don’t have a good answer for you because I very much believe that you should leave no trace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The adage among many of us is not to pick more than 10% of the mushrooms. And with the chanterelle, we know they come up in twins. So we cut one of them rather than pull them, because when you pull them, you can abort one of the twins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Tony Alvarez, member, North American Mycological Association\"]‘When we go out, there’s a bag for mushrooms, and there’s a bag for garbage. When we’re stewarding the land, as we’re finding these goodies, all of us should do our part to clean up.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a great question without a clear answer. Conservation is really important. Unfortunately, some of these mushrooms are viewed as dollar bills in the ground by commercial harvesters. That being said, subsistence foraging of mushrooms is a long held tradition in Indigenous cultures all around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://davidarora.com/Home_Page.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">David Arora\u003c/a> studied this extensively, and it’s really debatable. When you pick a mushroom, and [you’re] carrying it, it’s like fairy dust, you leave spore trails. And so as you carry the mushroom you’re extending the habitat of those mushrooms. You can make the argument that harvesting mushrooms actually [spreads] their spores, and you can make the counterargument if you harvest, there’s less spores there to spread. So the jury is out on this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the relationship between fire and soil — especially as fire in California has been changing so quickly?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: I would defer to \u003ca href=\"https://biology.sfsu.edu/faculty/desjardin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dennis Desjardins\u003c/a>, who studied this as a professor at San Francisco State University. Fires are a natural part of the ecosystem, the evolution of ecosystems where there is not natural human habitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have this natural conflict between a natural system versus an “unnatural system,” albeit we can make the argument that humans are native to all the environments where we live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fire habitats, one of the first mushrooms to come up are \u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/mushroommonth/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">morels\u003c/a> — and morels seem to be everywhere in the forest. And they’re very fragrant, so they attract animals that come in because they’re fragrant. And then because these other animals eat the mushrooms, then they’re attracted into these ecologically devastated ecosystems. They drop pellets to drop seeds, etcetera. So these are the harbingers of ecological recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the morels are the first appearance of an edible food for wild animals. Thus, they bring the wild animals that bring in seeds, and lead to ecological recovery. [aside tag=\"mushrooms, mycology\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> What are your thoughts on green burials and the ability to break down all matter? Have you thought about green burials for yourself whenever that time comes?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: Yeah, I want to be entombed in mycelium. We have to embrace decomposition. We’re all going to get there. So the phrase I use a lot is: Let it rot. We have this sort of view of nature, making it all clean and the yards spick and span. But it’s that neighbor who has a chaotic environment that has all these debris, fields and brushes and all these highly fractalized environments that give these habitats all these organisms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept here is — we all decompose into soil, and this speaks to Indigenous knowledge and the belief that the soil is a living organism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Last thing, kind of a funny one. [KQED listener] Pete tweets, “Did the ‘Star Trek: Discovery’ writers, the show, name the mycelial network navigator after you, Paul Stamets?” \u003cem>Editor’s note\u003c/em>: “Star Trek: Discovery” is the newest iteration of the show “Star Trek,” which premiered in 2017 and has a science officer named Commander Paul Stamets, played by Anthony Rapp, who helps starships travel along interdimensional pathways made of fungus.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: Yes. Yes, they did. The writers of “Star Trek” literally called me up saying, We’re in the dungeon. We saw your TED talk. We’re stuck. Do you have any ideas? And I said, Turn on your tape recorders, and they take me for about two hours and I talk about the mycelium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This universal structure we see in nature neurons, the computer, internet, mycelium, dark matter — this is a continuum of the fact that networks reward themselves. And I told them I always wanted to become the first astro-mycologist. And they said, “Astro-mycologist! Oh, my gosh, we can use that.” And so they consulted with me as recently as last week, and I’m really honored. Anthony Rapp portrays me. And, I gave them the spores for this idea, but they germinated in these writers’ minds. Of course, they get 99.9% percent of the credit for this. But yeah, I’m greatly honored. I’ve been a “Star Trek” fan since I was a kid. So it’s … I’m greatly surprised and honored that they named the character after me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/TrekCore/status/1458868668276912135\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can people make sure that they do this respectfully, just as we close up the show? [Avoiding] negative impacts on our parklands and wildlands by foragers who go off trail?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tony Alvarez\u003c/strong>: I would say this is partly stewardship. When we go out, there’s a bag for mushrooms, and there’s a bag for garbage. When we’re stewarding the land, as we’re finding these goodies, all of us should do our part to clean up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We should make sure that we leave minimal to no traces that we were ever there, and love the earth like it loves us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to the full episode of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101887174/a-beginners-guide-to-bay-area-mushroom-foraging\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED Forum here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the past few weeks, the Bay Area has received a deluge of rain. In addition to replenishing groundwater and aquifers, the rain has allowed a particular species to prosper — the mushroom, our tiny little fungal friend. Mushrooms have been springing up in forests and backyards, potted plants and dark corners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that’s going on in the world, it might be easier to ignore the humble mushroom, but KQED Forum took the time to discuss finding and foraging mushrooms in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Alexis Madrigal spoke with Tony Alvarez, a member of the North American Mycological Association and leader of group foraging sessions called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/shroomywalkabout/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shroomy Walkabouts\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://paulstamets.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paul Stamets\u003c/a>, a renowned advocate for the ingenuity and utility of fungi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following excerpts have been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alexis Madrigal: You do a lot of your work here in the Bay Area, and my assumption is that the rain has made this an absolutely banner year for mushrooms. What’s going on out there in the mushroom world?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tony Alvarez\u003c/strong>: The rain has really set off the bloom. Honestly, like I’ve never seen before in other years. I don’t know if it’s because of the fires, the cleaning of a lot of the forest floors of debris. I’m not exactly sure what’s causing it — but the blooms have been astounding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m actually seeing some mushrooms that I’ve never seen in the Bay Area. I’ve only seen them up north — and I’m just seeing them in abundance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been really, really beautiful to see these things at work and all playing their part in this beautiful ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets, you have found and worked with thousands of mushrooms. Can you remember how you started your career? When did you decide that these were marvelous creatures and organisms?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: My earliest memory was when I was about 5 years old. I was pelting my twin brother with puffballs [a mushroom] and they kind of explode with this brown cloud of spores. I remember my mother coming out saying, “Don’t throw puff balls … The spores will make him blind!” That actually is not true — spores won’t make you blind, but that’s my earliest memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children are constantly playing, and to get them in contact with nature through mushrooms — the mushroom portal, so to speak — has been a very valuable way of getting a new generation of biologists inspired about nature and protecting the ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tony, how did you go “through the mushroom portal”? How did you end up being someone who is now part of the North American Mycological Association?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tony Alvarez\u003c/strong>: I’ve always spent time in nature. I spent a lot of time alone when I was very young, so I was left to my own devices picking up rocks, turning over rocks, finding little mushrooms and whatnot. When I was in my teen years and I was gifted some magic mushrooms — that is how I went through my portal, and the connection with the mushrooms was so strong from that moment on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was very passionate about it when I was young, and kind of lost touch with it. And then I took a foraging course, and it just brought me back and I was just overwhelmed with joy, overwhelmed with love for these beautiful creatures that do so much for us.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What advice do you have for young people interested in getting more involved in the field of mycology?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: I would recommend that you join a mycology society. You’ve got four or five really good mycology societies here in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mssf.org/\">Mycological\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.mssf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Society of San Francisco\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Area Mycological Association\u003c/a> up north, \u003ca href=\"https://www.somamushrooms.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sonoma County Mycological Association\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mendocinocoastmushroomclub.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mendocino Coast Mushroom Club\u003c/a>, and the [\u003ca href=\"https://ffsc.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fungus Federation of Santa Cruz\u003c/a>].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We oftentimes say it’s like an adult Easter egg hunt. But children are closer to the ground. You cannot be poisoned by a mushroom by touching it. However, the caution that all of us mycologists want to give you — there are deadly poison species out there, so do not randomly go out and pick mushrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve been involved in the mycological society since I was about 15 years old, and I highly recommend that you be surrounded by others who have this knowledge. I’d be remiss not mentioning, I think the most prominent mushroom field guide is “\u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/education/california_mushrooms_book_review.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Mushrooms: [The Comprehensive] Identification Guide\u003c/a>” by Dennis E. Desjardin, Michael G. Wood and Frederick A. Stevens and then “\u003ca href=\"https://www.shroomsupply.com/books-videos/mushrooms-demystified\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mushrooms Demystified\u003c/a>” by David Arora.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are there any movements or thoughts in the mushroom community about how to best harvest mushrooms? How do we ensure that we haven’t harvested 100% of the mushrooms as foraging gains popularity? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: Fantastic question. I don’t have a good answer for you because I very much believe that you should leave no trace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The adage among many of us is not to pick more than 10% of the mushrooms. And with the chanterelle, we know they come up in twins. So we cut one of them rather than pull them, because when you pull them, you can abort one of the twins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a great question without a clear answer. Conservation is really important. Unfortunately, some of these mushrooms are viewed as dollar bills in the ground by commercial harvesters. That being said, subsistence foraging of mushrooms is a long held tradition in Indigenous cultures all around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://davidarora.com/Home_Page.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">David Arora\u003c/a> studied this extensively, and it’s really debatable. When you pick a mushroom, and [you’re] carrying it, it’s like fairy dust, you leave spore trails. And so as you carry the mushroom you’re extending the habitat of those mushrooms. You can make the argument that harvesting mushrooms actually [spreads] their spores, and you can make the counterargument if you harvest, there’s less spores there to spread. So the jury is out on this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the relationship between fire and soil — especially as fire in California has been changing so quickly?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: I would defer to \u003ca href=\"https://biology.sfsu.edu/faculty/desjardin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dennis Desjardins\u003c/a>, who studied this as a professor at San Francisco State University. Fires are a natural part of the ecosystem, the evolution of ecosystems where there is not natural human habitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have this natural conflict between a natural system versus an “unnatural system,” albeit we can make the argument that humans are native to all the environments where we live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fire habitats, one of the first mushrooms to come up are \u003ca href=\"http://bayareamushrooms.org/mushroommonth/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">morels\u003c/a> — and morels seem to be everywhere in the forest. And they’re very fragrant, so they attract animals that come in because they’re fragrant. And then because these other animals eat the mushrooms, then they’re attracted into these ecologically devastated ecosystems. They drop pellets to drop seeds, etcetera. So these are the harbingers of ecological recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the morels are the first appearance of an edible food for wild animals. Thus, they bring the wild animals that bring in seeds, and lead to ecological recovery. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> What are your thoughts on green burials and the ability to break down all matter? Have you thought about green burials for yourself whenever that time comes?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: Yeah, I want to be entombed in mycelium. We have to embrace decomposition. We’re all going to get there. So the phrase I use a lot is: Let it rot. We have this sort of view of nature, making it all clean and the yards spick and span. But it’s that neighbor who has a chaotic environment that has all these debris, fields and brushes and all these highly fractalized environments that give these habitats all these organisms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept here is — we all decompose into soil, and this speaks to Indigenous knowledge and the belief that the soil is a living organism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Last thing, kind of a funny one. [KQED listener] Pete tweets, “Did the ‘Star Trek: Discovery’ writers, the show, name the mycelial network navigator after you, Paul Stamets?” \u003cem>Editor’s note\u003c/em>: “Star Trek: Discovery” is the newest iteration of the show “Star Trek,” which premiered in 2017 and has a science officer named Commander Paul Stamets, played by Anthony Rapp, who helps starships travel along interdimensional pathways made of fungus.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Paul Stamets\u003c/strong>: Yes. Yes, they did. The writers of “Star Trek” literally called me up saying, We’re in the dungeon. We saw your TED talk. We’re stuck. Do you have any ideas? And I said, Turn on your tape recorders, and they take me for about two hours and I talk about the mycelium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This universal structure we see in nature neurons, the computer, internet, mycelium, dark matter — this is a continuum of the fact that networks reward themselves. And I told them I always wanted to become the first astro-mycologist. And they said, “Astro-mycologist! Oh, my gosh, we can use that.” And so they consulted with me as recently as last week, and I’m really honored. Anthony Rapp portrays me. And, I gave them the spores for this idea, but they germinated in these writers’ minds. Of course, they get 99.9% percent of the credit for this. But yeah, I’m greatly honored. I’ve been a “Star Trek” fan since I was a kid. So it’s … I’m greatly surprised and honored that they named the character after me.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can people make sure that they do this respectfully, just as we close up the show? [Avoiding] negative impacts on our parklands and wildlands by foragers who go off trail?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tony Alvarez\u003c/strong>: I would say this is partly stewardship. When we go out, there’s a bag for mushrooms, and there’s a bag for garbage. When we’re stewarding the land, as we’re finding these goodies, all of us should do our part to clean up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We should make sure that we leave minimal to no traces that we were ever there, and love the earth like it loves us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/08/31/how-the-caldor-fire-could-pollute-lake-tahoes-iconic-blue-waters/\">wildfires threatening scenic areas\u003c/a> like Lake Tahoe to an everlasting \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/10/26/california-still-deep-in-drought-despite-stormy-weather-capped-by-atmospheric-river/\">statewide drought\u003c/a>, California continues to see the destructive effects of climate change increase each year. The devastation also can take a huge toll on mental health. According to a recent study that surveyed 10 countries, about \u003ca href=\"https://deliverypdf.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=596097013121101031068117015114122066031063059088049089096097000013023038035031000011019069101007032058074088073013002016066017078114095024090075069117077089122030018040043066068041105031085108117033015089063010015100089095026116092064105103127022012087104094082127005064091090079006082083004&EXT=pdf&INDEX=TRUE\">60% of young people feel worried\u003c/a> or extremely worried about climate change. And more than half of the respondents relayed feelings of fear for their future and hesitancy when thinking of major life decisions like having children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some young people now feel pressure to take climate action, since it seems like their future is at stake. In California, there are many young activists who are channeling their climate anxiety into action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diana Michaelson is a 16-year-old junior at Long Beach Polytechnic High School who has been worried about climate change since her first year. That’s when she learned her hometown of Long Beach would be facing serious sea level rise by the time she’s 25.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Nik Evasco, youth climate organizer and program manager, 350 Bay Area\"]‘Young people are going to be impacted for the majority of their lives by whatever climate is to come or is happening right now.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always been told to do it for your children, save the future for the next generation,” said Michaelson. “And what I’ve realized is, at this current rate, there’s no saving the next generation. We’re seeing the effects right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michaelson is leading a \u003ca href=\"https://www.polygsc.com/\">student initiative\u003c/a> to transition her school district off fossil fuels to 100% renewable energy by 2030. A similar campaign has already been passed by the Los Angeles Unified School District: Since their commitment in 2007 to becoming an environmentally friendly urban school district, they’ve decreased their electricity, natural gas and water use and have developed more green spaces across the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michaelson says she was able to connect with a few of the leaders from LAUSD’s campaign, which pushed her to begin her own in Long Beach. But, while she’s passionate about her activism, she also says her parents and many of the adults involved in the campaign just want her and her peers to have a normal teenage life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11900559\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11900559\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting-800x461.png\" alt='A Zoom screen shows women holding up signs that messages like \"Green schools.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"461\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting-800x461.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting-1020x588.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting-160x92.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting.png 1217w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students of LBUSD meet via Zoom to discuss the 100% renewable energy campaign in 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Diana Michaelson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What I’m realizing is this isn’t normal,” she said. “This shouldn’t be normal. We shouldn’t have to be rallying for a future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the fact is, it’s hard to ignore these issues when the stakes around climate change feel so urgent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, leaders like Nik Evasco act as mentors to support young organizers as they continue to grow as climate leaders. Evasco is a youth climate organizer and program manager with \u003ca href=\"https://350bayarea.org/\">350 Bay Area\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization that focuses on fossil fuel resistance. They lead the youth mobilizing team on local and statewide campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Young people are going to be impacted for the majority of their lives by whatever climate is to come or is happening right now,” Evasco said. “So there really is this kind of shift that I’ve noticed where it’s put youth in front, of course. You can’t have a movement that’s not being led by directly impacted communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11900564\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11900564\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-800x600.jpg\" alt='Five people wearing masks hold up a green sign that reads \"President Biden Build Back Fossil Free\" with a bridge in the background.' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of 350 Bay Area’s youth mobilizing team push for fossil fuel resistance on the day of President Biden’s inauguration on Jan. 20, 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nik Evasco)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But, Evasco points out, these communities often don’t have the resources they need to push through sustainable changes at a higher level, which can foster feelings of frustration and burnout for many of these young activists. Evasco coined this idea as the “youth hope industrial complex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of like a double-edged sword of, you bring us all the solutions and then you take the lead, and then the flip side of it is that there’s no payoff in the political or policy sphere,” Evasco said.[aside postID=\"news_11894453,mindshift_58796,perspectives_201601141613\" label=\"Related Posts\"]While on-the-ground activism is important, it’s also just as crucial to take time to process setbacks. 350 Bay Area organizes frequent social events to create a space for young climate advocates to talk about how they’re feeling with their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because if you don’t, if you’re just fueled by pure optimism, rage or just one emotion in your activism work, it can be really detrimental,” Evasco said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates who’ve been working in the climate justice field for a while are aware of the emotional toll it can take. They want to be there for this new generation of activists and push them to pursue outlets, other than just advocacy, to process their anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11900708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11900708\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-800x533.jpg\" alt='A march with several people wearing masks and holding signs that read \"Youth are Watching\" and \"Climate Justice Now.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of 350 Bay Area march on the UC Berkeley campus during the November global day of climate action on Nov. 6, 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nik Evasco)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s what inspired Yvonne Cuaresma to create her company, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theclimatejournalproject.com/\">Climate Journal Project\u003c/a>. She guides students in California from elementary school to college age on adopting a journaling practice to help them cope with their environmental anxiety and grief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The climate crisis is such a big issue that’s not going to be solved overnight,” said Cuaresma. “Being able to find a safe space for that through journaling and through community has been extremely rewarding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuaresma was reminded of how writing can be used as a form of therapy when she moved back home to Glendale at the beginning of the pandemic. During this time of hopelessness, she dug out her old diaries and realized how others could benefit from a writing practice as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Planetary healing actually starts with internal healing, so we can only be the best advocates and leaders that we can be if we are really true and doing the work internally,” Cuaresma said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s clear from youth activist Diana Michaelson’s experience that these internal reinforcements are important, because the responsibility she feels as an activist is continuing to grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that over time, I’ve learned in becoming more educated about the climate crisis and energy sustainability, I’ve seen adults take us more seriously,” she said. “I’ve definitely also felt this change and this shift in view from little, innocent kids to young adults who are inheriting this Earth and who will become the leaders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Michaelson has been meeting with environmental lawyers who are helping her construct a resolution to present to her school district. She feels optimistic that Long Beach Unified School District administrators will commit to move forward with a 100% renewable energy plan by next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/08/31/how-the-caldor-fire-could-pollute-lake-tahoes-iconic-blue-waters/\">wildfires threatening scenic areas\u003c/a> like Lake Tahoe to an everlasting \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/10/26/california-still-deep-in-drought-despite-stormy-weather-capped-by-atmospheric-river/\">statewide drought\u003c/a>, California continues to see the destructive effects of climate change increase each year. The devastation also can take a huge toll on mental health. According to a recent study that surveyed 10 countries, about \u003ca href=\"https://deliverypdf.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=596097013121101031068117015114122066031063059088049089096097000013023038035031000011019069101007032058074088073013002016066017078114095024090075069117077089122030018040043066068041105031085108117033015089063010015100089095026116092064105103127022012087104094082127005064091090079006082083004&EXT=pdf&INDEX=TRUE\">60% of young people feel worried\u003c/a> or extremely worried about climate change. And more than half of the respondents relayed feelings of fear for their future and hesitancy when thinking of major life decisions like having children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some young people now feel pressure to take climate action, since it seems like their future is at stake. In California, there are many young activists who are channeling their climate anxiety into action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diana Michaelson is a 16-year-old junior at Long Beach Polytechnic High School who has been worried about climate change since her first year. That’s when she learned her hometown of Long Beach would be facing serious sea level rise by the time she’s 25.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always been told to do it for your children, save the future for the next generation,” said Michaelson. “And what I’ve realized is, at this current rate, there’s no saving the next generation. We’re seeing the effects right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michaelson is leading a \u003ca href=\"https://www.polygsc.com/\">student initiative\u003c/a> to transition her school district off fossil fuels to 100% renewable energy by 2030. A similar campaign has already been passed by the Los Angeles Unified School District: Since their commitment in 2007 to becoming an environmentally friendly urban school district, they’ve decreased their electricity, natural gas and water use and have developed more green spaces across the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michaelson says she was able to connect with a few of the leaders from LAUSD’s campaign, which pushed her to begin her own in Long Beach. But, while she’s passionate about her activism, she also says her parents and many of the adults involved in the campaign just want her and her peers to have a normal teenage life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11900559\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11900559\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting-800x461.png\" alt='A Zoom screen shows women holding up signs that messages like \"Green schools.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"461\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting-800x461.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting-1020x588.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting-160x92.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/LBUSD-Zoom-Meeting.png 1217w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students of LBUSD meet via Zoom to discuss the 100% renewable energy campaign in 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Diana Michaelson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What I’m realizing is this isn’t normal,” she said. “This shouldn’t be normal. We shouldn’t have to be rallying for a future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the fact is, it’s hard to ignore these issues when the stakes around climate change feel so urgent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, leaders like Nik Evasco act as mentors to support young organizers as they continue to grow as climate leaders. Evasco is a youth climate organizer and program manager with \u003ca href=\"https://350bayarea.org/\">350 Bay Area\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization that focuses on fossil fuel resistance. They lead the youth mobilizing team on local and statewide campaigns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Young people are going to be impacted for the majority of their lives by whatever climate is to come or is happening right now,” Evasco said. “So there really is this kind of shift that I’ve noticed where it’s put youth in front, of course. You can’t have a movement that’s not being led by directly impacted communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11900564\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11900564\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-800x600.jpg\" alt='Five people wearing masks hold up a green sign that reads \"President Biden Build Back Fossil Free\" with a bridge in the background.' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/January-2021-Banner-Drop-Coincide-with-Bidens-Inauguration.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of 350 Bay Area’s youth mobilizing team push for fossil fuel resistance on the day of President Biden’s inauguration on Jan. 20, 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nik Evasco)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But, Evasco points out, these communities often don’t have the resources they need to push through sustainable changes at a higher level, which can foster feelings of frustration and burnout for many of these young activists. Evasco coined this idea as the “youth hope industrial complex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of like a double-edged sword of, you bring us all the solutions and then you take the lead, and then the flip side of it is that there’s no payoff in the political or policy sphere,” Evasco said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While on-the-ground activism is important, it’s also just as crucial to take time to process setbacks. 350 Bay Area organizes frequent social events to create a space for young climate advocates to talk about how they’re feeling with their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because if you don’t, if you’re just fueled by pure optimism, rage or just one emotion in your activism work, it can be really detrimental,” Evasco said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates who’ve been working in the climate justice field for a while are aware of the emotional toll it can take. They want to be there for this new generation of activists and push them to pursue outlets, other than just advocacy, to process their anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11900708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11900708\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-800x533.jpg\" alt='A march with several people wearing masks and holding signs that read \"Youth are Watching\" and \"Climate Justice Now.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/11_6-COP-26-Youth-Protest-in-Berkeley-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of 350 Bay Area march on the UC Berkeley campus during the November global day of climate action on Nov. 6, 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nik Evasco)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s what inspired Yvonne Cuaresma to create her company, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theclimatejournalproject.com/\">Climate Journal Project\u003c/a>. She guides students in California from elementary school to college age on adopting a journaling practice to help them cope with their environmental anxiety and grief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The climate crisis is such a big issue that’s not going to be solved overnight,” said Cuaresma. “Being able to find a safe space for that through journaling and through community has been extremely rewarding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuaresma was reminded of how writing can be used as a form of therapy when she moved back home to Glendale at the beginning of the pandemic. During this time of hopelessness, she dug out her old diaries and realized how others could benefit from a writing practice as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Planetary healing actually starts with internal healing, so we can only be the best advocates and leaders that we can be if we are really true and doing the work internally,” Cuaresma said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s clear from youth activist Diana Michaelson’s experience that these internal reinforcements are important, because the responsibility she feels as an activist is continuing to grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that over time, I’ve learned in becoming more educated about the climate crisis and energy sustainability, I’ve seen adults take us more seriously,” she said. “I’ve definitely also felt this change and this shift in view from little, innocent kids to young adults who are inheriting this Earth and who will become the leaders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Michaelson has been meeting with environmental lawyers who are helping her construct a resolution to present to her school district. She feels optimistic that Long Beach Unified School District administrators will commit to move forward with a 100% renewable energy plan by next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
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