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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21461\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/Next-10-water-allocation-game-e1410223541561.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21461 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/Next-10-water-allocation-game-e1410223541561.jpg\" alt=\"Next 10 water allocation game\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED Science)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you’ve watched your neighbor “watering her sidewalk” or wrung your hands at the sight of agricultural runoff, now is your chance to allocate the state’s water resources. A new \u003ca href=\"http://www.cawaterchallenge.org/\">online game \u003c/a>lets California residents control the state’s water — virtually, at least.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From desalination investment to mandatory water reductions, the California Water Challenge lets users choose a range of outcomes and see how others voted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price tags are attached to decisions, which have varying effects on energy consumption and the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choosing to build a new reservoir, for example, not only costs $236 million per year, but it can also harm local ecosystems and may result in the loss of property tax revenue to local governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/California-water-game.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-21491\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/California-water-game-1024x697.jpg\" alt=\"California water game\" width=\"625\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>During the worst drought in the state’s recorded history, \u003ca href=\"http://www.next10.org/about\">Next 10\u003c/a>, the non-profit that created the game, believes making difficult decisions will help people understand the extent of the drought. Next 10 is backed by venture capitalist F. Noel Perry, who also serves on the leadership council for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/bio.asp?i=434\">Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Local water agencies across the state are issuing alerts for conservation and some are even placing mandatory restrictions on water use,” said Perry in a pre-launch release. “This problem is not going away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The game follows the lead of “you-fix-it” games like the New York Times’ popular \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/11/13/weekinreview/deficits-graphic.html\">Budget Puzzle\u003c/a>, which asked citizens to balance the federal budget in 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These games often expose gaps in knowledge or reveal underlying assumptions about government spending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a generation of millennials, they also speak a familiar language. “Games are fast becoming the defining metaphor of our time,” Peter T. Coleman, professor of psychology and education at Columbia University told \u003ca href=\"http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-five-percent/201301/the-consequences-our-games\">Psychology Today\u003c/a>. “How we think about, see and engage our world is largely determined by the metaphors we use to make sense of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Californians, this game may be a way to talk about a potentially eye-glazing issue with no easy solution. The game’s developers hope that being at the reins, even for five minutes, might usher in a sense of urgency and understanding about a new reality setting in for California.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Quake-Revived Streams Could Keep Flowing for a While",
"headTitle": "Quake-Revived Streams Could Keep Flowing for a While | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21454\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/DryCreek_wide_4915.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21454\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/DryCreek_wide_4915.jpg\" alt=\"Dry Creek in the west Napa Valley was bone-dry when the quake struck, but sprang back to life three days afterward. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dry Creek in the west Napa Valley was bone-dry when the quake struck, but sprang to life three days later. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Normally, Dry Creek, just west of Napa, lives up to its name this time of year. But three days after the South Napa Earthquake, it suddenly sprang to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was completely dry and right now it’s running at the rate that we’d normally see in May or so,” said Garrett Buckland, overlooking a stretch of the creek about 2.5 miles above where it empties into the Napa River. Buckland is a vineyard consultant who pays close attention to the hydrology of the Napa Valley. In September, he said, Dry Creek doesn’t usually make it as far as the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he started hearing the sound of moving water shortly after the magnitude-6.0 temblor, Buckland said he wasn’t entirely surprised; he said the same thing happened after a 4.9 temblor near here in 2000. Based on that experience, Buckland was willing to make a prediction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”2PiNvzNzd7sL8IuJr3cHhhBSSlxRgtHY”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This will continue to flow all the way until it dries up next year,” he ventured. “All those changes in cracks and adjustments to the fissures all across this area are really just releasing a ton of really, really cold, crisp, clean groundwater, basically.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resurgence of Dry Creek is just one of \u003ca title=\"Press-Dem - post\" href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/home/2655382-181/napa-quake-jumpstarts-stream-flows\">many similar stories\u003c/a> that have arisen since the August 24 quake that struck the Napa Valley and damaged buildings in at least three significant North Bay cities. But the \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/09/02/napa-quake-forces-redrawing-of-fault-maps/\">underground dynamics\u003c/a> that started it all are complicated and not nearly as clear as the crystalline water bubbling up from below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as elusive is the question of how long it will last. Geologists say this is a common occurrence following earthquakes and doesn’t often last more than a matter of weeks. But there are some optimists out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These ephemerals are flowing across the entire Mayacama Range (the western Napa Valley slope),” hydrologist Robert Shibatani, who toured the area last week, wrote in an email to KQED. “Nor is it necessarily a temporary event; streams are still running two weeks after the temblor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shibatani surmises that on the west side of Napa Valley, the quake didn’t create new springs so much as it opened new connections between underground aquifers, creating a fresh supply for existing springs. If so, these new \u003ca title=\"SFC - post\" href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/Surprise-bonanza-since-Napa-quake-dry-creeks-now-5739098.php#page-1\">flows could continue\u003c/a> into the rainy season — but there’s really no way to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21457\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/DryCreek_riffle_4912.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21457\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/DryCreek_riffle_4912.jpg\" alt=\"One hydrologist estimates the flow rates on some quake-revived streams could be significant in view of the current drought. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One hydrologist estimates the flow rates on some quake-revived streams could be significant in view of the current drought. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“These flows could represent new base flows, which would be a significant enhancement to overall water supply yield to this area of northern California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that gives Shibatani hope of some permanence is the volume of water he’s seen — up to 10 or 12 cubic feet per second, which, over the course of a year, would be enough to supply thousands of typical households.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That kind of volume is considerable given the state of our current drought,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There remain some slippery questions, such as whether upstream wells might start running dry, and ultimately, to whom this wet new windfall belongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a ‘natural’ stream flow (albeit new), initial indications [from state water regulators] are that they would be considered ‘riparian’ rights and permissible for diversion,” says Shibatani. “I think that someone needs to really get a sense of the overall scale of this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Buckland, who grew up virtually on the banks of Dry Creek, a spawning stream for salmon and steelhead, he’s just happy to see it running with such gusto at the driest time of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully this is something that’ll really help out our fishery,” he says, “but it’s amazing what nature can do for us.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Napa quake jump-started several streams in the Napa and adjoining valleys, but how long they'll run and where the water is coming from is hard to pin down.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21454\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/DryCreek_wide_4915.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21454\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/DryCreek_wide_4915.jpg\" alt=\"Dry Creek in the west Napa Valley was bone-dry when the quake struck, but sprang back to life three days afterward. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dry Creek in the west Napa Valley was bone-dry when the quake struck, but sprang to life three days later. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Normally, Dry Creek, just west of Napa, lives up to its name this time of year. But three days after the South Napa Earthquake, it suddenly sprang to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was completely dry and right now it’s running at the rate that we’d normally see in May or so,” said Garrett Buckland, overlooking a stretch of the creek about 2.5 miles above where it empties into the Napa River. Buckland is a vineyard consultant who pays close attention to the hydrology of the Napa Valley. In September, he said, Dry Creek doesn’t usually make it as far as the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he started hearing the sound of moving water shortly after the magnitude-6.0 temblor, Buckland said he wasn’t entirely surprised; he said the same thing happened after a 4.9 temblor near here in 2000. Based on that experience, Buckland was willing to make a prediction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This will continue to flow all the way until it dries up next year,” he ventured. “All those changes in cracks and adjustments to the fissures all across this area are really just releasing a ton of really, really cold, crisp, clean groundwater, basically.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resurgence of Dry Creek is just one of \u003ca title=\"Press-Dem - post\" href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/home/2655382-181/napa-quake-jumpstarts-stream-flows\">many similar stories\u003c/a> that have arisen since the August 24 quake that struck the Napa Valley and damaged buildings in at least three significant North Bay cities. But the \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/09/02/napa-quake-forces-redrawing-of-fault-maps/\">underground dynamics\u003c/a> that started it all are complicated and not nearly as clear as the crystalline water bubbling up from below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as elusive is the question of how long it will last. Geologists say this is a common occurrence following earthquakes and doesn’t often last more than a matter of weeks. But there are some optimists out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These ephemerals are flowing across the entire Mayacama Range (the western Napa Valley slope),” hydrologist Robert Shibatani, who toured the area last week, wrote in an email to KQED. “Nor is it necessarily a temporary event; streams are still running two weeks after the temblor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shibatani surmises that on the west side of Napa Valley, the quake didn’t create new springs so much as it opened new connections between underground aquifers, creating a fresh supply for existing springs. If so, these new \u003ca title=\"SFC - post\" href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/Surprise-bonanza-since-Napa-quake-dry-creeks-now-5739098.php#page-1\">flows could continue\u003c/a> into the rainy season — but there’s really no way to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21457\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/DryCreek_riffle_4912.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21457\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/DryCreek_riffle_4912.jpg\" alt=\"One hydrologist estimates the flow rates on some quake-revived streams could be significant in view of the current drought. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One hydrologist estimates the flow rates on some quake-revived streams could be significant in view of the current drought. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“These flows could represent new base flows, which would be a significant enhancement to overall water supply yield to this area of northern California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that gives Shibatani hope of some permanence is the volume of water he’s seen — up to 10 or 12 cubic feet per second, which, over the course of a year, would be enough to supply thousands of typical households.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That kind of volume is considerable given the state of our current drought,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There remain some slippery questions, such as whether upstream wells might start running dry, and ultimately, to whom this wet new windfall belongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a ‘natural’ stream flow (albeit new), initial indications [from state water regulators] are that they would be considered ‘riparian’ rights and permissible for diversion,” says Shibatani. “I think that someone needs to really get a sense of the overall scale of this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Buckland, who grew up virtually on the banks of Dry Creek, a spawning stream for salmon and steelhead, he’s just happy to see it running with such gusto at the driest time of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully this is something that’ll really help out our fishery,” he says, “but it’s amazing what nature can do for us.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Aquaculture Companies Explore Sustainable Fish Farming",
"headTitle": "California Aquaculture Companies Explore Sustainable Fish Farming | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Chris Richard\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21430\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture1-1024x685.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-21430\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture1-1024x685.jpg\" alt=\"David Rosenstein’s Los Angeles-based Evo Farm uses aquaponics, which combines hydroponics and fish farming. (Chris Richard/KQED)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"685\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Rosenstein’s Los Angeles-based Evo Farm uses aquaponics, which combines hydroponics and fish farming. (Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the past 20 years, fish farm production worldwide has quadrupled. According to United Nations estimates, it’s on a pace to account for half of the world’s total fish catch by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most of the farm-produced seafood consumed in this country is imported, much of it from Asia, and that has raised concerns about environmental and public health regulation at overseas fish farms. Now some California aquaculture businesses are pitching environmentally friendly ways to bring more business here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has some of the strictest environmental protection laws for fish farming in the country. But so far, the state’s aquaculture industry is embryonic. It added up to just $175 million in total value last year, said Randy Lovell, the state Department of Fish and Wildlife aquaculture coordinator.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘There’s nothing that we’ll be putting in to the ocean that’s not already there.’\u003ccite>— Phil Cruver, Catalina Sea Ranch\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Catalina Sea Ranch spent more than two years convincing the California Coastal Commission that it can operate in a stretch of ocean about 6 miles offshore from Long Beach without hurting the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Company president Phil Cruver says he’s ready to make good on his promises. At a recent press event, he displayed an array of buoy-mounted monitors that will transmit data from the farm site in real time, using an ocean-going cellular phone network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing that we’ll be putting in to the ocean that’s not already there,” he said. “We’re going to show on 100 acres, independent institutions, that offshore aquaculture is not detrimental to the environmental health of the oceans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the Sea Ranch monitors will be freely available to researchers, and regulators will track it to determine if operations there have caused environmental harm, Cruver said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/166814178&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he’s well on the way to the $5 million he needs to fund the project, which will be located on the San Pedro shelf. There, cold, nutrient-rich water rises from the depths further out. In October, Cruver plans to set out 40 heavy ropes packed with baby mussels, suspended from buoys and anchored to the sea floor. Next June, he expects to harvest his first crop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the big concerns about fish farming is that farm stock might gobble food that the wild population needs or foul the water with waste. Cruver say his university research partners will monitor the waters around the Sea Ranch and he’ll take their direction to keep the ecosystem safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the company’s shore-based breeding tanks, Cruver hopes to grow his own food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’ll use technology developed by Los Angeles-based OriginOil. The company’s research director, Nick Eckelberry, brought an aquarium-sized tank of murky green water to the Sea Ranch press event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21435\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture7-1024x682.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21435\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture7-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"One of OriginOil’s algae-skimming machines already is in use at a tilapia farm in the Mojave Desert community of Thermal. (Courtesy of OriginOil)\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of OriginOil’s algae-skimming machines already is in use at a tilapia farm in the Mojave Desert community of Thermal. (Courtesy of OriginOil)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To show how his system works, Eckelberry flipped a switch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, a ghostly cloud of tiny bubbles rose to the surface. The bubbles were oxygen and hydrogen gas, the remnants of water molecules broken up by the electric charge and carrying particles of algae with them as they surfaced. An automated comb swept the water, collecting a pea-soup paste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eckelberry says that paste makes good feed for baby mussels and other farmed seafood, too. Right now, fish farms rely on feed made from ground-up anchovies, sardines and mackerel, and that can deplete ocean ecosystems. Eckelberry says algae-based food is a good alternative, but making it has required energy-hungry centrifuges. Until now. He says his process makes algae-based food affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is that you typically have a lot of water and a little bit of algae, and the question is, ‘How do you get the algae out affordably?’ Eckelberry said. “Almost serendipitously, that is what this system does.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eckelberry said another alternate food based on soy costs more than times what he’ll have to charge for his algae-based fish chow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lovell, the state aquaculture coordinator, said the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has conducted broad research in alternative feeds in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21438\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture8-1024x685.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21438\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture8-1024x685.jpg\" alt=\"OriginOil turns algae into fish chow. Company research director Nick Eckelberry says the food has comparable nutritive value to soy-based feed, but is much cheaper. (Chris Richard/KQED)\" width=\"320\" height=\"214\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">OriginOil turns algae into fish chow. Company research director Nick Eckelberry says the food has comparable nutritive value to soy-based feed, but is much cheaper. (Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Typically, fish farms have an additional problem: how to dispose of toxic bio waste. Twenty miles north of the Sea Ranch headquarters, another entrepreneur is working on a solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Rosenstein slides open a greenhouse door. There are lush plantings of bok choy, red Russian kale, basil, Bavarian lettuce, celery and more, all growing in water, like a conventional hydroponics operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a corner, there are two large tanks full of water. Rosenstein reaches into one with a net.\u003cbr>\n“I know. Hold on, guys,” he murmurs into the tank. There’s a little splash, then a flurry, with water flying in all directions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hold on! One second, please!” Rosenstein pleads, but the struggle just gets fiercer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, dripping with water and panting slightly, Rosenstein holds up a 5-pound catfish in the net for a second. It thrashes free and plunges back into the depths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenstein’s greenhouse uses aquaponics, which blends hydroponics and fish farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another farmer would have to worry about disposing of fecal material. Not Rosenstein, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All his waste streams, which he currently pays top dollar to become EPA-compliant, is something I do naturally within the system,” Rosenstein said. “His dollar stops at the point where he harvests his fish. But mine continues. Because I’m doing this system, it’s not a cost. It’s part of the design of the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘How do we use every drop of precious water to maximize the value that comes out of that?’\u003ccite>— Karen Ross, California Department of Food and Agriculture\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He composts the waste, turning it into fertilizer for his plants, which in turn helps to purify the water for the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lovell said he’s intrigued by such models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of attraction to it because of the closing of the cycle, the sharing of nutrients between fish and plants. It pushes a lot of buttons that make a lot of sense, myself included,” he said. “However, many of the people who are involved in aquaponics are making a fair amount of their money by training other people to do it. There aren’t very many commercial-scale aquaponics companies that are making their money on the production itself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, California Department of Food and Agriculture Secretary Karen Ross said she sees a lot of promise in the approach\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at these systems, a lot of them are recycling water, which is really one of the keys, is, ‘How do we use every drop of precious water to maximize the value that comes out of that?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ross said a growing sense of urgency over the depletion of wild fish stocks, coupled with the current drought, has state and federal agencies studying environmentally friendly aquaculture. And she knows of several investors who are preparing to launch more such projects.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Most of the farm-produced seafood consumed in this country is imported, much of it from Asia, and that has raised concerns about environmental and public health regulation at overseas fish farms. Now some California aquaculture businesses are pitching environmentally friendly ways to bring more business here.",
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"description": "Most of the farm-produced seafood consumed in this country is imported, much of it from Asia, and that has raised concerns about environmental and public health regulation at overseas fish farms. Now some California aquaculture businesses are pitching environmentally friendly ways to bring more business here.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Chris Richard\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21430\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture1-1024x685.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-21430\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture1-1024x685.jpg\" alt=\"David Rosenstein’s Los Angeles-based Evo Farm uses aquaponics, which combines hydroponics and fish farming. (Chris Richard/KQED)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"685\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Rosenstein’s Los Angeles-based Evo Farm uses aquaponics, which combines hydroponics and fish farming. (Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the past 20 years, fish farm production worldwide has quadrupled. According to United Nations estimates, it’s on a pace to account for half of the world’s total fish catch by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most of the farm-produced seafood consumed in this country is imported, much of it from Asia, and that has raised concerns about environmental and public health regulation at overseas fish farms. Now some California aquaculture businesses are pitching environmentally friendly ways to bring more business here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has some of the strictest environmental protection laws for fish farming in the country. But so far, the state’s aquaculture industry is embryonic. It added up to just $175 million in total value last year, said Randy Lovell, the state Department of Fish and Wildlife aquaculture coordinator.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘There’s nothing that we’ll be putting in to the ocean that’s not already there.’\u003ccite>— Phil Cruver, Catalina Sea Ranch\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Catalina Sea Ranch spent more than two years convincing the California Coastal Commission that it can operate in a stretch of ocean about 6 miles offshore from Long Beach without hurting the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Company president Phil Cruver says he’s ready to make good on his promises. At a recent press event, he displayed an array of buoy-mounted monitors that will transmit data from the farm site in real time, using an ocean-going cellular phone network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing that we’ll be putting in to the ocean that’s not already there,” he said. “We’re going to show on 100 acres, independent institutions, that offshore aquaculture is not detrimental to the environmental health of the oceans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the Sea Ranch monitors will be freely available to researchers, and regulators will track it to determine if operations there have caused environmental harm, Cruver said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/166814178&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he’s well on the way to the $5 million he needs to fund the project, which will be located on the San Pedro shelf. There, cold, nutrient-rich water rises from the depths further out. In October, Cruver plans to set out 40 heavy ropes packed with baby mussels, suspended from buoys and anchored to the sea floor. Next June, he expects to harvest his first crop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the big concerns about fish farming is that farm stock might gobble food that the wild population needs or foul the water with waste. Cruver say his university research partners will monitor the waters around the Sea Ranch and he’ll take their direction to keep the ecosystem safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the company’s shore-based breeding tanks, Cruver hopes to grow his own food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’ll use technology developed by Los Angeles-based OriginOil. The company’s research director, Nick Eckelberry, brought an aquarium-sized tank of murky green water to the Sea Ranch press event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21435\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture7-1024x682.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21435\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture7-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"One of OriginOil’s algae-skimming machines already is in use at a tilapia farm in the Mojave Desert community of Thermal. (Courtesy of OriginOil)\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of OriginOil’s algae-skimming machines already is in use at a tilapia farm in the Mojave Desert community of Thermal. (Courtesy of OriginOil)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To show how his system works, Eckelberry flipped a switch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, a ghostly cloud of tiny bubbles rose to the surface. The bubbles were oxygen and hydrogen gas, the remnants of water molecules broken up by the electric charge and carrying particles of algae with them as they surfaced. An automated comb swept the water, collecting a pea-soup paste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eckelberry says that paste makes good feed for baby mussels and other farmed seafood, too. Right now, fish farms rely on feed made from ground-up anchovies, sardines and mackerel, and that can deplete ocean ecosystems. Eckelberry says algae-based food is a good alternative, but making it has required energy-hungry centrifuges. Until now. He says his process makes algae-based food affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is that you typically have a lot of water and a little bit of algae, and the question is, ‘How do you get the algae out affordably?’ Eckelberry said. “Almost serendipitously, that is what this system does.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eckelberry said another alternate food based on soy costs more than times what he’ll have to charge for his algae-based fish chow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lovell, the state aquaculture coordinator, said the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has conducted broad research in alternative feeds in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21438\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture8-1024x685.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21438\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/aquaculture8-1024x685.jpg\" alt=\"OriginOil turns algae into fish chow. Company research director Nick Eckelberry says the food has comparable nutritive value to soy-based feed, but is much cheaper. (Chris Richard/KQED)\" width=\"320\" height=\"214\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">OriginOil turns algae into fish chow. Company research director Nick Eckelberry says the food has comparable nutritive value to soy-based feed, but is much cheaper. (Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Typically, fish farms have an additional problem: how to dispose of toxic bio waste. Twenty miles north of the Sea Ranch headquarters, another entrepreneur is working on a solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Rosenstein slides open a greenhouse door. There are lush plantings of bok choy, red Russian kale, basil, Bavarian lettuce, celery and more, all growing in water, like a conventional hydroponics operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a corner, there are two large tanks full of water. Rosenstein reaches into one with a net.\u003cbr>\n“I know. Hold on, guys,” he murmurs into the tank. There’s a little splash, then a flurry, with water flying in all directions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hold on! One second, please!” Rosenstein pleads, but the struggle just gets fiercer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, dripping with water and panting slightly, Rosenstein holds up a 5-pound catfish in the net for a second. It thrashes free and plunges back into the depths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenstein’s greenhouse uses aquaponics, which blends hydroponics and fish farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another farmer would have to worry about disposing of fecal material. Not Rosenstein, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All his waste streams, which he currently pays top dollar to become EPA-compliant, is something I do naturally within the system,” Rosenstein said. “His dollar stops at the point where he harvests his fish. But mine continues. Because I’m doing this system, it’s not a cost. It’s part of the design of the system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘How do we use every drop of precious water to maximize the value that comes out of that?’\u003ccite>— Karen Ross, California Department of Food and Agriculture\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He composts the waste, turning it into fertilizer for his plants, which in turn helps to purify the water for the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lovell said he’s intrigued by such models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of attraction to it because of the closing of the cycle, the sharing of nutrients between fish and plants. It pushes a lot of buttons that make a lot of sense, myself included,” he said. “However, many of the people who are involved in aquaponics are making a fair amount of their money by training other people to do it. There aren’t very many commercial-scale aquaponics companies that are making their money on the production itself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, California Department of Food and Agriculture Secretary Karen Ross said she sees a lot of promise in the approach\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at these systems, a lot of them are recycling water, which is really one of the keys, is, ‘How do we use every drop of precious water to maximize the value that comes out of that?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ross said a growing sense of urgency over the depletion of wild fish stocks, coupled with the current drought, has state and federal agencies studying environmentally friendly aquaculture. And she knows of several investors who are preparing to launch more such projects.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Recycled Wastewater Program Keeps East Bay Gardens Alive",
"title": "Recycled Wastewater Program Keeps East Bay Gardens Alive",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_147074\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/wastewater-640.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-147074\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/wastewater-640.jpg\" alt=\"Dan Kleier shows his system for using treated waste water from the Dublin San Ramon Services District to keep his lawn alive. (Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/wastewater-640.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/wastewater-640-400x250.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dan Kleier shows his system for using treated wastewater from the Dublin San Ramon Services District to keep his lawn alive. (Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The drought is creating many challenges for the state, but it’s also bringing about new ways to conserve. In the heat of the East Bay, Dublin San Ramon Services District is giving away treated sewage water for landscaping. It’s the first program of its kind in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An attendant greets H20 pioneers at the makeshift filling station next to the district’s Pleasanton water treatment facility and fills them in on the basics: no drinking recycled water, use it just to water plants. Then they’re off to one of four dispensers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The filling stations themselves have a whiff of DIY about them. During a drought brainstorming session, employees at the water district reasoned they already irrigate the cities’ parks with recycled water. Why shouldn’t residents do the same thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After getting the OK from regulators, the district ran a few pipes to a parking lot and added spigots, hoses, a shed and a hand-washing station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s operations supervisor, Levi Fuller, said the concept of collecting recycled sewage gives some people pause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said one of the biggest hurdles is the “yuck factor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because, you know, the water starts in the sewage treatment plant. But it gets an extra filter through sand, a blast of ultraviolet light and a final dose of bleach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, there is less bacteria than lake water that you swim in, and it has no smell to it,” Darren Steel said. “And it’s great for the plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steel said he comes regularly for water to keep his back lawn alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retired school administrator Irene Martin was filling up big plastic painters' buckets at the pump next to Steel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even an old woman can do it,” she said, laughing, hose in hand. “I handle these five-gallon buckets just fine. And my front garden is looking wonderful. … Because of the poop water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/166426525&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steel and Martin are just two of the 290 people who have registered with the district to fill their containers at the station. Some bring old kitty litter jugs. Others haul old balsamic vinegar shipping vats that carry 275 gallons, found on Craigslist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joellen Kleier and her husband have a different system: five huge blue plastic barrels in the back of their full-size pickup. Kleier said they bought the barrels for around $100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then the pump was $75, but it’s well worth it,” she said. “We’ve used more than $200 worth of water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And their lawn is getting green again, which can inspire “drought rage” from neighbors who think they’re using potable water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a man today, in fact, drive down the street, shake his finger at me and yell ‘you can’t water in the daylight,’” Kleier said. “I said, ‘wastewater, it’s all right.’ He did a very obscene gesture and kept driving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has a sign for that. It says: “Recycled water keeps this garden green. Recycled water saves drinking water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kleiers have a system at their 1960s ranch house to get their hauled recycled water to the plants. Dan Kleier simply climbs into his truck bed with a pump, connected to a hose. He plugs the pump in and dunks the submergible bilge pump into one of the buckets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His wife works the hose with the hand-held sprinkler attachment. She sprays the flowers and then switches over to a stationary sprinkler head that waters the lawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They said it’s a lot of effort, but it’s worth it to keep the plants alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, using recycled water on landscaping is rare even in this water district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Southern California, recycling water is more common. UC Berkeley professor David Sedlak, co-director of the Berkeley Water Center and director of the Institute for Environmental Science and Engineering, said many new developments in the southern part of the state have so-called “dual piping.” That allows for tap water inside the home and recycled water outside for irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sedlak said retrofitting some existing water systems is on the horizon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will have projects where pipes will be brought into a neighborhood and people will have choice: Do you want to use recycled water or continue using drinking water on your lawn?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dublin experience is a great way for people to get their feet wet, so to speak. Once people have this experience with recycled water, Sedlak said, they’re more likely to say yes to proposed projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dublin San Ramon Services District’s Fuller said they now recycle half of their water during a typical summer day -- it’s less in the winters. But they’d like to be the first utility in the nation to get to 100 percent reuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is the best use of it to dump it into San Francisco Bay?” Fuller asked. “Or is the best use of it to give it a little bit further treatment and use it for irrigation and maybe even use it to supplement the drinking water supply one day?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right, supplement the drinking water supply. Sedlak said it will need to happen in parts of the state if California is to meet its aggressive goal of using one-third recycled water by the year 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that may be far off, Fuller said he’s hearing from other water districts about their interest in replicating the free, recycled water station right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get those buckets ready.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Recycled Wastewater Program Keeps East Bay Gardens Alive | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_147074\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/wastewater-640.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-147074\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/wastewater-640.jpg\" alt=\"Dan Kleier shows his system for using treated waste water from the Dublin San Ramon Services District to keep his lawn alive. (Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/wastewater-640.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/wastewater-640-400x250.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dan Kleier shows his system for using treated wastewater from the Dublin San Ramon Services District to keep his lawn alive. (Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The drought is creating many challenges for the state, but it’s also bringing about new ways to conserve. In the heat of the East Bay, Dublin San Ramon Services District is giving away treated sewage water for landscaping. It’s the first program of its kind in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An attendant greets H20 pioneers at the makeshift filling station next to the district’s Pleasanton water treatment facility and fills them in on the basics: no drinking recycled water, use it just to water plants. Then they’re off to one of four dispensers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The filling stations themselves have a whiff of DIY about them. During a drought brainstorming session, employees at the water district reasoned they already irrigate the cities’ parks with recycled water. Why shouldn’t residents do the same thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After getting the OK from regulators, the district ran a few pipes to a parking lot and added spigots, hoses, a shed and a hand-washing station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s operations supervisor, Levi Fuller, said the concept of collecting recycled sewage gives some people pause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said one of the biggest hurdles is the “yuck factor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because, you know, the water starts in the sewage treatment plant. But it gets an extra filter through sand, a blast of ultraviolet light and a final dose of bleach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, there is less bacteria than lake water that you swim in, and it has no smell to it,” Darren Steel said. “And it’s great for the plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steel said he comes regularly for water to keep his back lawn alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retired school administrator Irene Martin was filling up big plastic painters' buckets at the pump next to Steel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even an old woman can do it,” she said, laughing, hose in hand. “I handle these five-gallon buckets just fine. And my front garden is looking wonderful. … Because of the poop water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/166426525&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steel and Martin are just two of the 290 people who have registered with the district to fill their containers at the station. Some bring old kitty litter jugs. Others haul old balsamic vinegar shipping vats that carry 275 gallons, found on Craigslist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joellen Kleier and her husband have a different system: five huge blue plastic barrels in the back of their full-size pickup. Kleier said they bought the barrels for around $100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then the pump was $75, but it’s well worth it,” she said. “We’ve used more than $200 worth of water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And their lawn is getting green again, which can inspire “drought rage” from neighbors who think they’re using potable water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a man today, in fact, drive down the street, shake his finger at me and yell ‘you can’t water in the daylight,’” Kleier said. “I said, ‘wastewater, it’s all right.’ He did a very obscene gesture and kept driving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has a sign for that. It says: “Recycled water keeps this garden green. Recycled water saves drinking water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kleiers have a system at their 1960s ranch house to get their hauled recycled water to the plants. Dan Kleier simply climbs into his truck bed with a pump, connected to a hose. He plugs the pump in and dunks the submergible bilge pump into one of the buckets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His wife works the hose with the hand-held sprinkler attachment. She sprays the flowers and then switches over to a stationary sprinkler head that waters the lawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They said it’s a lot of effort, but it’s worth it to keep the plants alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, using recycled water on landscaping is rare even in this water district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Southern California, recycling water is more common. UC Berkeley professor David Sedlak, co-director of the Berkeley Water Center and director of the Institute for Environmental Science and Engineering, said many new developments in the southern part of the state have so-called “dual piping.” That allows for tap water inside the home and recycled water outside for irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sedlak said retrofitting some existing water systems is on the horizon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will have projects where pipes will be brought into a neighborhood and people will have choice: Do you want to use recycled water or continue using drinking water on your lawn?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dublin experience is a great way for people to get their feet wet, so to speak. Once people have this experience with recycled water, Sedlak said, they’re more likely to say yes to proposed projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dublin San Ramon Services District’s Fuller said they now recycle half of their water during a typical summer day -- it’s less in the winters. But they’d like to be the first utility in the nation to get to 100 percent reuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is the best use of it to dump it into San Francisco Bay?” Fuller asked. “Or is the best use of it to give it a little bit further treatment and use it for irrigation and maybe even use it to supplement the drinking water supply one day?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right, supplement the drinking water supply. Sedlak said it will need to happen in parts of the state if California is to meet its aggressive goal of using one-third recycled water by the year 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that may be far off, Fuller said he’s hearing from other water districts about their interest in replicating the free, recycled water station right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get those buckets ready.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Northern California Wildfires Could Impact Bay Area Air Quality ",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146725\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS11901_14883919760_f25a4c535b_o.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-146725\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS11901_14883919760_f25a4c535b_o-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"The Happy Camp Complex wildfire, burning in the mountains south of the Klamath River in Siskiyou County, as seen from Highway 96 east of the town of Happy Camp last Thursday. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Happy Camp Complex wildfire, burning in the mountains south of the Klamath River in Siskiyou County, as seen from Highway 96 east of the town of Happy Camp last Thursday. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Smoke from the big fires burning in Northern California, and especially the plume emitted from a huge blaze burning along the Klamath River east of Yreka, has been creating \u003ca href=\"http://californiasmokeinfo.blogspot.com/\" target=\"_blank\">serious air quality problems\u003c/a> for communities in that region for weeks. Now air quality regulators are warning the smoke could have an impact in the Bay Area, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/Files/Communications%20and%20Outreach/Publications/News%20Releases/2014/wildfire_140902.ashx?la=en\" target=\"_blank\">said Tuesday\u003c/a> that smoke from the fires, including the \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/4078/\" target=\"_blank\">72,000-acre Happy Camp Complex blaze\u003c/a>, could affect residents in Sonoma and Napa counties. At midday Wednesday, though, the district reported that air quality throughout the Bay Area was good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents of far Northern California, and especially those in Siskiyou, Trinity and Shasta counties, have been contending with poor air quality since the end of July. That's when the first of a series of lightning-sparked fires began spreading through heavily forested mountains in the region. Those fires have burned more than 150,000 acres so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the biggest of those blazes, the Happy Camp Complex, continues to grow, air quality in one nearby community, the Klamath River hamlet of Seiad Valley, is rated as \"very unhealthy\" under \u003ca href=\"http://airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=aqibasics.aqi\" target=\"_blank\">the EPA's Air Quality Index\u003c/a>. That rating means air so bad that everyone will experience some serious ill effects. Air in the town of Happy Camp, also on the Klamath, is slightly better, rated as \"unhealthy.\" The persistent smoke has prompted the Karuk tribe to turn its senior nutrition facility in Happy Camp into a \"clean air respite center.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal fire managers said Wednesday that the Happy Camp Complex blaze is expected to continue to spread Wednesday due to extremely low humidity and increasing winds. The National Weather Service has posted a red-flag warning for most of the Northern California mountains through tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Highway 96, the main route through the fire zone, remains open with traffic escorts, the Siskiyou County Sheriff's Office has \u003ca href=\"http://www.co.siskiyou.ca.us/sites/default/files/docs/SO-20140902-MandatoryEvacuationNotice-happycampcomplex-summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">ordered mandatory evacuations\u003c/a> in several areas near the fire. The sheriff's office said earlier this week that the evacuation orders covered 250 residences and that another 695 are threatened. Many of the 2,700 firefighters working on the fire have been assigned to protect structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Here's Tuesday's writeup on the Happy Camp Complex via the AP:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Associated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAPPY CAMP, Siskiyou County — A Northern California wildfire sparked by lightning has now burned 100 square miles of dry brush and timber in the Klamath National Forest near Happy Camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews battling the blaze threatening hundreds of homes are warning residents that it could burn right up to their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weather forecast calls for low humidity and gusty winds Tuesday through Wednesday evening around the blaze in the Klamath National Forest. Combined with unstable air, fire information officer Paul Gibbs says, a smoke column could push embers as far as 2 miles, jumping containment lines and starting spot fires near some of the threatened homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 250 homes were under mandatory evacuation orders, with another 695 considered threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews were removing vegetation around homes and putting in contingency containment lines using bulldozers in anticipation of increased fire activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Forest Service says crews are working to keep flames away from homes in the communities of Seiad Valley and Hamburg. No structures yet have burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire that began Aug. 11 is 15 percent contained. It is among a number of lightning-sparked blazes that began in the area in mid-August. The others are either fully contained or nearing full containment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire is burning along Highway 96, which remained open with traffic control measures in place. Happy Camp is located in Siskiyou County just south of the Oregon border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the latest reports on the interagency site \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/4078/24217/\">InciWeb\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because of the strong winds and dry conditions, the fire is expected to reach the communities of Hamburg and Scott Bar. Residents remaining in these areas, which are currently under mandatory or advisory evacuation, are encouraged to leave. Firefighters and emergency vehicles will need clear access to homes. Residents who attempt to leave as the fire approaches might compromise emergency efforts and endanger civilians and firefighters.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Date Started: \u003c/b>August 11, 2014\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>S\u003c/b>\u003cb>ize: \u003c/b>66,335 acres total for the complex\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Containment: \u003c/b>15 percent for the complex\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>E\u003c/b>\u003cb>stimated Containment Date: \u003c/b>Sept. 20, 2014\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>E\u003c/b>\u003cb>stimated Cost to Date: \u003c/b>$36 million\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>T\u003c/b>\u003cb>otal Personnel: \u003c/b>2,737\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Committed Resources: \u003c/b>59 crews, 11 helicopters, 133 engines, 22 dozers, 28 water tenders.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146725\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS11901_14883919760_f25a4c535b_o.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-146725\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS11901_14883919760_f25a4c535b_o-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"The Happy Camp Complex wildfire, burning in the mountains south of the Klamath River in Siskiyou County, as seen from Highway 96 east of the town of Happy Camp last Thursday. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Happy Camp Complex wildfire, burning in the mountains south of the Klamath River in Siskiyou County, as seen from Highway 96 east of the town of Happy Camp last Thursday. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Smoke from the big fires burning in Northern California, and especially the plume emitted from a huge blaze burning along the Klamath River east of Yreka, has been creating \u003ca href=\"http://californiasmokeinfo.blogspot.com/\" target=\"_blank\">serious air quality problems\u003c/a> for communities in that region for weeks. Now air quality regulators are warning the smoke could have an impact in the Bay Area, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/Files/Communications%20and%20Outreach/Publications/News%20Releases/2014/wildfire_140902.ashx?la=en\" target=\"_blank\">said Tuesday\u003c/a> that smoke from the fires, including the \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/4078/\" target=\"_blank\">72,000-acre Happy Camp Complex blaze\u003c/a>, could affect residents in Sonoma and Napa counties. At midday Wednesday, though, the district reported that air quality throughout the Bay Area was good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents of far Northern California, and especially those in Siskiyou, Trinity and Shasta counties, have been contending with poor air quality since the end of July. That's when the first of a series of lightning-sparked fires began spreading through heavily forested mountains in the region. Those fires have burned more than 150,000 acres so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the biggest of those blazes, the Happy Camp Complex, continues to grow, air quality in one nearby community, the Klamath River hamlet of Seiad Valley, is rated as \"very unhealthy\" under \u003ca href=\"http://airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=aqibasics.aqi\" target=\"_blank\">the EPA's Air Quality Index\u003c/a>. That rating means air so bad that everyone will experience some serious ill effects. Air in the town of Happy Camp, also on the Klamath, is slightly better, rated as \"unhealthy.\" The persistent smoke has prompted the Karuk tribe to turn its senior nutrition facility in Happy Camp into a \"clean air respite center.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal fire managers said Wednesday that the Happy Camp Complex blaze is expected to continue to spread Wednesday due to extremely low humidity and increasing winds. The National Weather Service has posted a red-flag warning for most of the Northern California mountains through tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Highway 96, the main route through the fire zone, remains open with traffic escorts, the Siskiyou County Sheriff's Office has \u003ca href=\"http://www.co.siskiyou.ca.us/sites/default/files/docs/SO-20140902-MandatoryEvacuationNotice-happycampcomplex-summary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">ordered mandatory evacuations\u003c/a> in several areas near the fire. The sheriff's office said earlier this week that the evacuation orders covered 250 residences and that another 695 are threatened. Many of the 2,700 firefighters working on the fire have been assigned to protect structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Here's Tuesday's writeup on the Happy Camp Complex via the AP:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Associated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAPPY CAMP, Siskiyou County — A Northern California wildfire sparked by lightning has now burned 100 square miles of dry brush and timber in the Klamath National Forest near Happy Camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews battling the blaze threatening hundreds of homes are warning residents that it could burn right up to their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weather forecast calls for low humidity and gusty winds Tuesday through Wednesday evening around the blaze in the Klamath National Forest. Combined with unstable air, fire information officer Paul Gibbs says, a smoke column could push embers as far as 2 miles, jumping containment lines and starting spot fires near some of the threatened homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 250 homes were under mandatory evacuation orders, with another 695 considered threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews were removing vegetation around homes and putting in contingency containment lines using bulldozers in anticipation of increased fire activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Forest Service says crews are working to keep flames away from homes in the communities of Seiad Valley and Hamburg. No structures yet have burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire that began Aug. 11 is 15 percent contained. It is among a number of lightning-sparked blazes that began in the area in mid-August. The others are either fully contained or nearing full containment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire is burning along Highway 96, which remained open with traffic control measures in place. Happy Camp is located in Siskiyou County just south of the Oregon border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the latest reports on the interagency site \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/article/4078/24217/\">InciWeb\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because of the strong winds and dry conditions, the fire is expected to reach the communities of Hamburg and Scott Bar. Residents remaining in these areas, which are currently under mandatory or advisory evacuation, are encouraged to leave. Firefighters and emergency vehicles will need clear access to homes. Residents who attempt to leave as the fire approaches might compromise emergency efforts and endanger civilians and firefighters.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Date Started: \u003c/b>August 11, 2014\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>S\u003c/b>\u003cb>ize: \u003c/b>66,335 acres total for the complex\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Containment: \u003c/b>15 percent for the complex\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>E\u003c/b>\u003cb>stimated Containment Date: \u003c/b>Sept. 20, 2014\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>E\u003c/b>\u003cb>stimated Cost to Date: \u003c/b>$36 million\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>T\u003c/b>\u003cb>otal Personnel: \u003c/b>2,737\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Committed Resources: \u003c/b>59 crews, 11 helicopters, 133 engines, 22 dozers, 28 water tenders.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/beforeafter/shastasliders.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"530\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Mount Shasta , situated near the northern extremity of the Sierra Nevada, rises in solitary grandeur from a lightly sculptured lava plain, and maintains a far more impressive and commanding individuality than any other mountain within the limits of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Go where you will within a radius of from fifty to a hundred miles, there stands the colossal cone of Shasta, clad in perpetual snow, the one grand landmark that never sets.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That's \u003ca href=\"http://vault.sierraclub.org/john_muir_exhibit/writings/snow_storm_on_mount_shasta.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">John Muir, writing in 1877\u003c/a>. The pioneering conservationist, who looked at California's mountains and always saw poetry, was describing a harrowing day and night spent stranded near the summit of Mount Shasta in a spring blizzard. He and a companion, who had been caught in the open with only the clothes they were wearing, survived the night by sleeping near steam vents high on the mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You wonder what Muir would say today, when drought has all but stripped the mountain of its \"perpetual\" snow. Today those venturing to the mountaintop (elevation 14,162 or 14,179 or 14,180 feet, depending on who you believe) \u003ca href=\"http://youtu.be/s5XTSqhEs6k\" target=\"_blank\">are greeted by bare rocky slopes\u003c/a>. That \"one grand landmark\" -- California's version of Mount Fuji, which I'm eager to catch sight of each time I head up the Sacramento Valley -- is comparatively invisible now until you're almost on top of it. (Matters aren't improved at all by the weeks of murky skies caused by wildfires throughout the North State.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as December 2012, a single storm \u003ca href=\"http://www.weather.com/news/weather-winter/mount-shasta-snow-extreme-20121129\" target=\"_blank\">dumped more than 10 feet of snow\u003c/a> on Mount Shasta (the mountain holds the distinction of the most snowfall ever recorded in a single continuous storm, by the way; 189 inches fell there in one week of February 1959). And, of course, the mountain's snow cover has been sparse before. Now the state of the mountain resembles that seen \u003ca href=\"http://www.siskiyous.edu/Shasta/env/drought/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\">during the super-dry years of 1976-7\u003c/a>7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slider images above depict Mount Shasta in full snowclad splendor (January 2007) and last week. The sequence of images below begins with the 2007 shot, includes a view from July 2013, and ends with last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're wondering, the vantage point is the Sweetbriar Avenue overpass on Interstate 5; that's 21 miles as the crow flies south of the summit, or 16 road miles from downtown Mount Shasta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/imageslider/shastaslideshow.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"550\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/beforeafter/shastasliders.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"530\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Mount Shasta , situated near the northern extremity of the Sierra Nevada, rises in solitary grandeur from a lightly sculptured lava plain, and maintains a far more impressive and commanding individuality than any other mountain within the limits of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Go where you will within a radius of from fifty to a hundred miles, there stands the colossal cone of Shasta, clad in perpetual snow, the one grand landmark that never sets.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That's \u003ca href=\"http://vault.sierraclub.org/john_muir_exhibit/writings/snow_storm_on_mount_shasta.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">John Muir, writing in 1877\u003c/a>. The pioneering conservationist, who looked at California's mountains and always saw poetry, was describing a harrowing day and night spent stranded near the summit of Mount Shasta in a spring blizzard. He and a companion, who had been caught in the open with only the clothes they were wearing, survived the night by sleeping near steam vents high on the mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You wonder what Muir would say today, when drought has all but stripped the mountain of its \"perpetual\" snow. Today those venturing to the mountaintop (elevation 14,162 or 14,179 or 14,180 feet, depending on who you believe) \u003ca href=\"http://youtu.be/s5XTSqhEs6k\" target=\"_blank\">are greeted by bare rocky slopes\u003c/a>. That \"one grand landmark\" -- California's version of Mount Fuji, which I'm eager to catch sight of each time I head up the Sacramento Valley -- is comparatively invisible now until you're almost on top of it. (Matters aren't improved at all by the weeks of murky skies caused by wildfires throughout the North State.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as December 2012, a single storm \u003ca href=\"http://www.weather.com/news/weather-winter/mount-shasta-snow-extreme-20121129\" target=\"_blank\">dumped more than 10 feet of snow\u003c/a> on Mount Shasta (the mountain holds the distinction of the most snowfall ever recorded in a single continuous storm, by the way; 189 inches fell there in one week of February 1959). And, of course, the mountain's snow cover has been sparse before. Now the state of the mountain resembles that seen \u003ca href=\"http://www.siskiyous.edu/Shasta/env/drought/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\">during the super-dry years of 1976-7\u003c/a>7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slider images above depict Mount Shasta in full snowclad splendor (January 2007) and last week. The sequence of images below begins with the 2007 shot, includes a view from July 2013, and ends with last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're wondering, the vantage point is the Sweetbriar Avenue overpass on Interstate 5; that's 21 miles as the crow flies south of the summit, or 16 road miles from downtown Mount Shasta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/imageslider/shastaslideshow.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"550\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "West Coast Fish Upgraded to Sustainable Seafood Choice",
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"content": "\u003cp>One of the key fisheries on the West Coast is coming back after years of decline. That’s prompting a sustainable seafood group \u003ca href=\"http://blog.seafoodwatch.org/post/96452842179/consumers-now-have-many-more-sustainable-seafood\">change their consumer ratings\u003c/a> for almost two dozen fish species from “avoid” to “good” or “best” choices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The species are all considered groundfish, fish that show up on restaurant menus as rock cod, pacific snapper, black cod and sole. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2000, the fishery was declared a federal disaster because catches were so low. The fishery has experienced dramatic changes since then, including stringent new fishing rules under a “catch share” program and the closure of fishing grounds in favor of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/02/28/california-ocean-reserves-show-promising-results-for-marine-life/\">marine protected areas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been a lot of effort over the last decade and a half to improve management and make sure the problem species were put onto recovery plans,” says Santi Roberts of the Monterey Bay Aquarium’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.seafoodwatch.org/\">Seafood Watch\u003c/a> program. “There’s been an increase in those species, which is a really positive thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the Seafood Watch \u003ca href=\"http://blog.seafoodwatch.org/post/96452842179/consumers-now-have-many-more-sustainable-seafood\">ratings for 21 fish\u003c/a> are going from “avoid” to “good alternative” or “best choice.” In all, 84 percent of the fish caught in the commercial groundfish fishery have those ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s probably the single greatest number of species that have moved up,” Roberts says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a catch share fishing system, each fisherman is given a quota for each species he or she fishes for. On-board observers count every fish that’s caught in order to reduce the amount of by-catch, fish that are accidentally caught and thrown overboard. Fishermen will be responsible for paying for the full cost for the observers by 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2010/12/23/132240253/west-coast-fishery-moves-to-market-based-system#commentBlock\">system was controversial\u003c/a> when it was implemented in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/stories/2012/07/07_19_12catch_shares.html\">results from NOAA\u003c/a>, by-catch is down and revenue is up under the system. While it could take decades for many rockfish species to bounce back, some, like bocaccio, are expected to recover in half the amount of time that was originally forecast.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of the key fisheries on the West Coast is coming back after years of decline. That’s prompting a sustainable seafood group \u003ca href=\"http://blog.seafoodwatch.org/post/96452842179/consumers-now-have-many-more-sustainable-seafood\">change their consumer ratings\u003c/a> for almost two dozen fish species from “avoid” to “good” or “best” choices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The species are all considered groundfish, fish that show up on restaurant menus as rock cod, pacific snapper, black cod and sole. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2000, the fishery was declared a federal disaster because catches were so low. The fishery has experienced dramatic changes since then, including stringent new fishing rules under a “catch share” program and the closure of fishing grounds in favor of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/02/28/california-ocean-reserves-show-promising-results-for-marine-life/\">marine protected areas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been a lot of effort over the last decade and a half to improve management and make sure the problem species were put onto recovery plans,” says Santi Roberts of the Monterey Bay Aquarium’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.seafoodwatch.org/\">Seafood Watch\u003c/a> program. “There’s been an increase in those species, which is a really positive thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the Seafood Watch \u003ca href=\"http://blog.seafoodwatch.org/post/96452842179/consumers-now-have-many-more-sustainable-seafood\">ratings for 21 fish\u003c/a> are going from “avoid” to “good alternative” or “best choice.” In all, 84 percent of the fish caught in the commercial groundfish fishery have those ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s probably the single greatest number of species that have moved up,” Roberts says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a catch share fishing system, each fisherman is given a quota for each species he or she fishes for. On-board observers count every fish that’s caught in order to reduce the amount of by-catch, fish that are accidentally caught and thrown overboard. Fishermen will be responsible for paying for the full cost for the observers by 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2010/12/23/132240253/west-coast-fishery-moves-to-market-based-system#commentBlock\">system was controversial\u003c/a> when it was implemented in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/stories/2012/07/07_19_12catch_shares.html\">results from NOAA\u003c/a>, by-catch is down and revenue is up under the system. While it could take decades for many rockfish species to bounce back, some, like bocaccio, are expected to recover in half the amount of time that was originally forecast.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Berkeley Residents on the Hook for Some EPA-Mandated Sewer Repairs ",
"title": "Berkeley Residents on the Hook for Some EPA-Mandated Sewer Repairs ",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/natalie/\">Natalie Orenstein\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/09/02/epa-settlement-calls-for-repairs-to-east-bays-faulty-sewage-lines-berkeley-to-pay-133500-civil-penalty/\">Berkeleyside \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146573\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/Smoke-testing-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-146573 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/Smoke-testing-1-640x487.jpg\" alt=\"Smoke-testing-1\" width=\"640\" height=\"487\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley tested the state of its sewer system in 2011 by smoke-testing some of the lines. (Lance Knobel/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The recent settlement of a lawsuit between the Environmental Protection Agency and several cities, including Berkeley, will lead to major repairs of the East Bay’s deteriorating sewage system — and less wastewater discharge into the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The federal government had sued Berkeley, Oakland and the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD), among others, to stop sewage overflows that released hundreds of millions of gallons of raw or partially untreated sewage water in the bay. The spillage could be particularly acute during heavy rains, as stormwater enters the East Bay sewage system through flaws in the aging pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2009, the EPA issued a complaint against the East Bay Municipal Utility District and the cities in its jurisdiction for violating the Clean Water Act. The parties settled in July with a c\u003ca href=\"http://www.justice.gov/enrd/ConsentDecrees/East_Bay_Consent_Decree.PDF\">onsent decree\u003c/a> that requires a series of repairs and replacements over the next 21 years. The goal is to entirely eliminate wastewater discharge by 2035.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Berkeley, that means paying a civil penalty of $133,500, cleaning 51 miles of sewer mains per year, inspecting 15 miles per year and rehabbing 4 miles per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to city spokesman Matthai Chakko, over 80 percent of the \u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">rehabbing of sewer mains and associated lower laterals in Berkeley has already been completed. He also said that the city cleaned 64.1 miles of sewer lines in 2013, and that Berkeley was achieving the annual 15 miles per year inspection \u003c/span>goal. Last year, the city inspected 17.4 miles, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The East Bay’s entire sewer infrastructure is 1,500 miles long and the estimated total cost of repair is $1.5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeowners are responsible for nearly half of that cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When private property owners sell or renovate their properties, they are required to inspect and upgrade the sewer laterals that connect the property to the city’s sewer mains. The settlement’s wide timeframe of 21 years was chosen in part because many homes will be sold by 2035, said EPA spokeswoman Suzanne Skadowski.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Personally, each homeowner is on the hook,” said EBMUD spokeswoman Andrea Pook. “The city’s part is to upgrade its sewer lines. Then it’s EBMUD’s role to oversee the private sewer lateral program, and work on the miles of large pipeline that we own and improve those.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Berkeley is unusual in that predating the settlement, the city already had its own \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/psl/\">ordinance requiring private property owners to upgrade their sewer laterals, \u003c/a>said City Attorney Zach Cowan, who negotiated the agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">“After further discussions and hearing other people’s experiences with their ordinances, we thought it could use some tweaks and refinements,” Cowan said. “There were some changes we made just because the EPA wanted language in there, and some changes we made to accommodate people buying houses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The City Council will vote on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/09_Sep/Documents/2014-09-09_Item_62_EPA_Litigation.aspx\">first reading of an amendmen\u003c/a>t to the Private Sewer Lateral Ordinance on \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/09_Sep/City_Council__09-09-2014_-_Regular_Meeting_Agenda.aspx\">Sept. 9\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the cost of cleaning and repairing the city-owned infrastructure, “that’s what sewage rates are for,” Cowan said. The city of Berkeley is conducting a sewer rate study that is likely to result in increased rates, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flaws in the East Bay’s sewage system, which was built in the late 1950s, are common throughout the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aging infrastructure is a big problem everywhere,” said Skadowski. “The EPA has done similar agreements with other utilities over the last decade or so. It takes time and momentum to get the utilities and communities to put money toward making those repairs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 1990 and 1996, EBMUD built three wet-weather facilities to alleviate the pressure on the main sewage treatment plants when wastewater reached capacity during storms. Initially the facilities succeeded in reducing wastewater discharge, but they can’t handle current levels of overflow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The environmental impact of untreated sewage water in the bay is significant, Skadowski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you do a big discharge into a water body like that, there’s a good chance that it’s going to result in depleted oxygen, and that’s bad for the marine life,” she said. The discharge may contain other pollutants like toxic metals or pathogens, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement negotiations took over a year, but all parties involved believe the final terms are feasible, Cowan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was difficult stuff but we all ended up in agreement,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">\n\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/natalie/\">Natalie Orenstein\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/09/02/epa-settlement-calls-for-repairs-to-east-bays-faulty-sewage-lines-berkeley-to-pay-133500-civil-penalty/\">Berkeleyside \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146573\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/Smoke-testing-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-146573 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/Smoke-testing-1-640x487.jpg\" alt=\"Smoke-testing-1\" width=\"640\" height=\"487\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley tested the state of its sewer system in 2011 by smoke-testing some of the lines. (Lance Knobel/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The recent settlement of a lawsuit between the Environmental Protection Agency and several cities, including Berkeley, will lead to major repairs of the East Bay’s deteriorating sewage system — and less wastewater discharge into the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The federal government had sued Berkeley, Oakland and the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD), among others, to stop sewage overflows that released hundreds of millions of gallons of raw or partially untreated sewage water in the bay. The spillage could be particularly acute during heavy rains, as stormwater enters the East Bay sewage system through flaws in the aging pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2009, the EPA issued a complaint against the East Bay Municipal Utility District and the cities in its jurisdiction for violating the Clean Water Act. The parties settled in July with a c\u003ca href=\"http://www.justice.gov/enrd/ConsentDecrees/East_Bay_Consent_Decree.PDF\">onsent decree\u003c/a> that requires a series of repairs and replacements over the next 21 years. The goal is to entirely eliminate wastewater discharge by 2035.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Berkeley, that means paying a civil penalty of $133,500, cleaning 51 miles of sewer mains per year, inspecting 15 miles per year and rehabbing 4 miles per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to city spokesman Matthai Chakko, over 80 percent of the \u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">rehabbing of sewer mains and associated lower laterals in Berkeley has already been completed. He also said that the city cleaned 64.1 miles of sewer lines in 2013, and that Berkeley was achieving the annual 15 miles per year inspection \u003c/span>goal. Last year, the city inspected 17.4 miles, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The East Bay’s entire sewer infrastructure is 1,500 miles long and the estimated total cost of repair is $1.5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeowners are responsible for nearly half of that cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When private property owners sell or renovate their properties, they are required to inspect and upgrade the sewer laterals that connect the property to the city’s sewer mains. The settlement’s wide timeframe of 21 years was chosen in part because many homes will be sold by 2035, said EPA spokeswoman Suzanne Skadowski.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Personally, each homeowner is on the hook,” said EBMUD spokeswoman Andrea Pook. “The city’s part is to upgrade its sewer lines. Then it’s EBMUD’s role to oversee the private sewer lateral program, and work on the miles of large pipeline that we own and improve those.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Berkeley is unusual in that predating the settlement, the city already had its own \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/psl/\">ordinance requiring private property owners to upgrade their sewer laterals, \u003c/a>said City Attorney Zach Cowan, who negotiated the agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">“After further discussions and hearing other people’s experiences with their ordinances, we thought it could use some tweaks and refinements,” Cowan said. “There were some changes we made just because the EPA wanted language in there, and some changes we made to accommodate people buying houses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The City Council will vote on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/09_Sep/Documents/2014-09-09_Item_62_EPA_Litigation.aspx\">first reading of an amendmen\u003c/a>t to the Private Sewer Lateral Ordinance on \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/09_Sep/City_Council__09-09-2014_-_Regular_Meeting_Agenda.aspx\">Sept. 9\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the cost of cleaning and repairing the city-owned infrastructure, “that’s what sewage rates are for,” Cowan said. The city of Berkeley is conducting a sewer rate study that is likely to result in increased rates, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flaws in the East Bay’s sewage system, which was built in the late 1950s, are common throughout the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aging infrastructure is a big problem everywhere,” said Skadowski. “The EPA has done similar agreements with other utilities over the last decade or so. It takes time and momentum to get the utilities and communities to put money toward making those repairs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 1990 and 1996, EBMUD built three wet-weather facilities to alleviate the pressure on the main sewage treatment plants when wastewater reached capacity during storms. Initially the facilities succeeded in reducing wastewater discharge, but they can’t handle current levels of overflow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The environmental impact of untreated sewage water in the bay is significant, Skadowski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you do a big discharge into a water body like that, there’s a good chance that it’s going to result in depleted oxygen, and that’s bad for the marine life,” she said. The discharge may contain other pollutants like toxic metals or pathogens, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement negotiations took over a year, but all parties involved believe the final terms are feasible, Cowan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was difficult stuff but we all ended up in agreement,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Napa Quake Forces Redrawing of Fault Maps",
"headTitle": "Napa Quake Forces Redrawing of Fault Maps | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21251\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/Fault_CottageWy_4872.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21251\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/Fault_CottageWy_4872.jpg\" alt=\"Seismologist David Schwartz examines a crack in suburban Napa that he says shows a few centimeters of side-slip -- a clue to faulting below. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Geologist David Schwartz examines a crack in suburban Napa that he says shows a few centimeters of side-slip — a clue to faulting far below the surface. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At least one good thing will come of the recent \u003ca title=\"Q - NewsFix - SNQ\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/24/quake-rolls-through-bay-area/\">South Napa Earthquake\u003c/a> that shook the wine country on August 24: It will lead to much better maps of active faulting in that area. The bad news: There is likely far more shake potential in the Napa Valley than was previously attributed to the faulting there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s hard to walk away from this and think otherwise,” says geologist David Schwartz of the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 6.0 quake has provided an instant laboratory for geologists and seismologists, whose prior knowledge of the \u003ca title=\"USGS - PDF - W. Napa Fault Zone\" href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/external/reports/05HQAG0002.pdf\">West Napa Fault Zone\u003c/a> was sketchy at best. One thing that’s already emerged is that the fault that triggered the 6.0 temblor is longer than they realized. “The earthquake has helped to identify some pieces of it that are clearly active,” says Schwartz. That’s important because prior to the shaking, all scientists knew of many area faults was that they had been active sometime within the last 130,000 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The map below shows what teams from USGS, the California Geological Survey, UC Davis and others had plotted as of August 26, just two days after the quake. Schwartz says the map is preliminary but provides a “pretty good approximation” of the likely final map. The colored lines are previously mapped faults, red indicating the “youngest” or most recently active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21264\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1064px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/WNFZPrelim_1408261.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21264\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/WNFZPrelim_1408261.jpeg\" alt=\"Red dots indicate where scientists had located surface fractures that trace underlying faults, as of August 26. (USGS)\" width=\"1064\" height=\"1099\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Red dots indicate where scientists had located surface fractures that trace underlying faults, as of August 26. (USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Schwartz was among a battalion of scientists who have been combing the Napa Valley, looking for evidence of “lateral slip.” These are essentially cracks where the two sides of the fracture moved in opposite directions. They’re visual clues to the exact location of \u003ca title=\"Exploratorium - fault types\" href=\"http://www.exploratorium.edu/faultline/basics/faults.html\">“strike-slip” faults\u003c/a> miles below the surface. The most extreme examples found so far in the wake of the South Napa Quake show about 18 (updated) inches of lateral offset. Scientists have to weed out the many instances of buckled pavement, broken sidewalks and the like, which were simply due to the shaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two things stand out. First, the quake caused a surprising amount of ruptures at the Earth’s surface. “To me it was really surprising how well defined and long this was for a magnitude-6,” says Schwartz, “which is really kind of at the threshold of the magnitude at which we actually see surface ruptures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And second, there’s more going on under the west side of Napa Valley than anyone realized. Preliminary mapping of side-slip at the surface reveals a fault in the Brown’s Valley Section of the West Napa Fault Zone that extends well beyond what was known. One trace on the far west side appears to extend about six miles beyond what was mapped prior to the quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21253\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RedwoodRd_4864.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21253\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RedwoodRd_4864.jpg\" alt=\"Highway lane markings offer highly visible clues to geologists looking for evidence of lateral slip. Scientists noted this fracture on Redwood Road, on Napa's west side. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Highway lane markings offer highly visible clues to geologists looking for evidence of lateral slip. Scientists noted this fracture on Redwood Road, on Napa’s west side. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For official purposes, geologists had identified only a short stretch near the Napa County Airport as recently active. “That slip has to go somewhere,” says Schwartz. “It doesn’t just end at the Napa Valley Airport. It’s in the Earth’s crust going northwest up into Napa Valley. Which fault or faults it’s released on really hasn’t been known.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz says it will take some time to complete the picture, but remapping the jumble of north-south faults in the area will likely change the official fault maps and lead to building restrictions along the most active faults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bottom line,” he says, “is that the young faulting we see at the south end — that deformation, that slip — certainly continues north into Napa Valley. What it sits on, exactly, that’s the question.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21251\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/Fault_CottageWy_4872.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21251\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/Fault_CottageWy_4872.jpg\" alt=\"Seismologist David Schwartz examines a crack in suburban Napa that he says shows a few centimeters of side-slip -- a clue to faulting below. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Geologist David Schwartz examines a crack in suburban Napa that he says shows a few centimeters of side-slip — a clue to faulting far below the surface. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At least one good thing will come of the recent \u003ca title=\"Q - NewsFix - SNQ\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/24/quake-rolls-through-bay-area/\">South Napa Earthquake\u003c/a> that shook the wine country on August 24: It will lead to much better maps of active faulting in that area. The bad news: There is likely far more shake potential in the Napa Valley than was previously attributed to the faulting there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s hard to walk away from this and think otherwise,” says geologist David Schwartz of the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 6.0 quake has provided an instant laboratory for geologists and seismologists, whose prior knowledge of the \u003ca title=\"USGS - PDF - W. Napa Fault Zone\" href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/external/reports/05HQAG0002.pdf\">West Napa Fault Zone\u003c/a> was sketchy at best. One thing that’s already emerged is that the fault that triggered the 6.0 temblor is longer than they realized. “The earthquake has helped to identify some pieces of it that are clearly active,” says Schwartz. That’s important because prior to the shaking, all scientists knew of many area faults was that they had been active sometime within the last 130,000 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The map below shows what teams from USGS, the California Geological Survey, UC Davis and others had plotted as of August 26, just two days after the quake. Schwartz says the map is preliminary but provides a “pretty good approximation” of the likely final map. The colored lines are previously mapped faults, red indicating the “youngest” or most recently active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21264\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1064px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/WNFZPrelim_1408261.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21264\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/WNFZPrelim_1408261.jpeg\" alt=\"Red dots indicate where scientists had located surface fractures that trace underlying faults, as of August 26. (USGS)\" width=\"1064\" height=\"1099\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Red dots indicate where scientists had located surface fractures that trace underlying faults, as of August 26. (USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Schwartz was among a battalion of scientists who have been combing the Napa Valley, looking for evidence of “lateral slip.” These are essentially cracks where the two sides of the fracture moved in opposite directions. They’re visual clues to the exact location of \u003ca title=\"Exploratorium - fault types\" href=\"http://www.exploratorium.edu/faultline/basics/faults.html\">“strike-slip” faults\u003c/a> miles below the surface. The most extreme examples found so far in the wake of the South Napa Quake show about 18 (updated) inches of lateral offset. Scientists have to weed out the many instances of buckled pavement, broken sidewalks and the like, which were simply due to the shaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two things stand out. First, the quake caused a surprising amount of ruptures at the Earth’s surface. “To me it was really surprising how well defined and long this was for a magnitude-6,” says Schwartz, “which is really kind of at the threshold of the magnitude at which we actually see surface ruptures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And second, there’s more going on under the west side of Napa Valley than anyone realized. Preliminary mapping of side-slip at the surface reveals a fault in the Brown’s Valley Section of the West Napa Fault Zone that extends well beyond what was known. One trace on the far west side appears to extend about six miles beyond what was mapped prior to the quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21253\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RedwoodRd_4864.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21253\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RedwoodRd_4864.jpg\" alt=\"Highway lane markings offer highly visible clues to geologists looking for evidence of lateral slip. Scientists noted this fracture on Redwood Road, on Napa's west side. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Highway lane markings offer highly visible clues to geologists looking for evidence of lateral slip. Scientists noted this fracture on Redwood Road, on Napa’s west side. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For official purposes, geologists had identified only a short stretch near the Napa County Airport as recently active. “That slip has to go somewhere,” says Schwartz. “It doesn’t just end at the Napa Valley Airport. It’s in the Earth’s crust going northwest up into Napa Valley. Which fault or faults it’s released on really hasn’t been known.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwartz says it will take some time to complete the picture, but remapping the jumble of north-south faults in the area will likely change the official fault maps and lead to building restrictions along the most active faults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bottom line,” he says, “is that the young faulting we see at the south end — that deformation, that slip — certainly continues north into Napa Valley. What it sits on, exactly, that’s the question.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Crude oil by rail continues to be a growing trend nationwide. The amount of oil and other “\u003ca href=\"http://www.afpm.org/other-products/\">refined petroleum products\u003c/a>” carried by trains climbed nine percent in the first seven months of this year, compared to the first seven months last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Energy Information Administration lays it all out in an \u003ca href=\"http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=17751&src=email&utm_content=bufferbfa53&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer\">article published\u003c/a> this morning, which includes this chart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 575px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21097\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/EIAcrudebyrail.png\" alt=\"(EIA)\" width=\"575\" height=\"284\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(EIA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here in California, the increase in crude-by-rail shipments puts the national numbers — proportionally speaking — to shame. Sixty-six percent more oil came into California by rail in the first half of this year, compared to the first half of last year, according to numbers from the \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2014_crude_by_rail.html\">California Energy Commission\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Though keep in mind, the national chart is tracking barrels per day, while the state numbers are barrels per month.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21100\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21100\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/chart_2.png\" alt=\"Data from the California Energy Commission. \" width=\"600\" height=\"371\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Data from the \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2014_crude_by_rail.html\">California Energy Commission\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fiery derailments and explosions in other parts of the country have drawn attention to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/california-has-little-say-over-oil-train-safety/\">safety problems\u003c/a> with the rail cars used to transport oil. Last summer in Quebec, a train carrying crude from North Dakota’s Bakken formation exploded in the town of Lac-Mégantic and killed 47 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/07/23/feds-propose-new-safety-rules-for-oil-trains/\">proposing safety improvements\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase in carrying crude oil by train is happening because there’s an oil boom in North America. To get all that oil from Alberta, North Dakota and \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2014_crude_by_rail.html\">other places\u003c/a> to refineries here in California, oil companies must use trains. There are no pipelines coming into California from other states. Most of California’s oil is either drilled here in the state, or arrives by ship from Alaska or overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil traveling by rail into California still accounts for a small percentage of all the crude California processes. If oil-by-rail terminals that are proposed in Benicia, Pittsburg, Santa Maria and Bakersfield go through, then that proportion could rise from one percent to more than 20 percent. Of the two Bay Area projects, the one in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/07/11/benicia-extends-public-comment-period-on-bay-area-crude-by-rail/\">Benicia is currently under review\u003c/a>, and the one in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/bay-area-residents-resist-crude-by-rail-as-accidents-rise/\">Pittsburg\u003c/a> is on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also in the Bay Area, Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railways is currently delivering oil to a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/06/25/revealed-volatile-oil-train-routes-in-california/\">rail yard in Richmond\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Crude oil by rail continues to be a growing trend nationwide. The amount of oil and other “\u003ca href=\"http://www.afpm.org/other-products/\">refined petroleum products\u003c/a>” carried by trains climbed nine percent in the first seven months of this year, compared to the first seven months last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Energy Information Administration lays it all out in an \u003ca href=\"http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=17751&src=email&utm_content=bufferbfa53&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer\">article published\u003c/a> this morning, which includes this chart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 575px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21097\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/EIAcrudebyrail.png\" alt=\"(EIA)\" width=\"575\" height=\"284\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(EIA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here in California, the increase in crude-by-rail shipments puts the national numbers — proportionally speaking — to shame. Sixty-six percent more oil came into California by rail in the first half of this year, compared to the first half of last year, according to numbers from the \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2014_crude_by_rail.html\">California Energy Commission\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Though keep in mind, the national chart is tracking barrels per day, while the state numbers are barrels per month.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21100\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21100\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/chart_2.png\" alt=\"Data from the California Energy Commission. \" width=\"600\" height=\"371\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Data from the \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2014_crude_by_rail.html\">California Energy Commission\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fiery derailments and explosions in other parts of the country have drawn attention to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/california-has-little-say-over-oil-train-safety/\">safety problems\u003c/a> with the rail cars used to transport oil. Last summer in Quebec, a train carrying crude from North Dakota’s Bakken formation exploded in the town of Lac-Mégantic and killed 47 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/07/23/feds-propose-new-safety-rules-for-oil-trains/\">proposing safety improvements\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase in carrying crude oil by train is happening because there’s an oil boom in North America. To get all that oil from Alberta, North Dakota and \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2014_crude_by_rail.html\">other places\u003c/a> to refineries here in California, oil companies must use trains. There are no pipelines coming into California from other states. Most of California’s oil is either drilled here in the state, or arrives by ship from Alaska or overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil traveling by rail into California still accounts for a small percentage of all the crude California processes. If oil-by-rail terminals that are proposed in Benicia, Pittsburg, Santa Maria and Bakersfield go through, then that proportion could rise from one percent to more than 20 percent. Of the two Bay Area projects, the one in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/07/11/benicia-extends-public-comment-period-on-bay-area-crude-by-rail/\">Benicia is currently under review\u003c/a>, and the one in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/bay-area-residents-resist-crude-by-rail-as-accidents-rise/\">Pittsburg\u003c/a> is on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also in the Bay Area, Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railways is currently delivering oil to a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/06/25/revealed-volatile-oil-train-routes-in-california/\">rail yard in Richmond\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Leaky Pipes Lose Billions of Gallons of Water Every Year in the Bay Area",
"headTitle": "Leaky Pipes Lose Billions of Gallons of Water Every Year in the Bay Area | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21065\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/NapaWaterMainBreak.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21065 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/NapaWaterMainBreak.jpg\" alt=\"Water gushes from a water main break outside a mobile home park after the South Napa Earthquake on August 24, 2014. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water gushes from a water main break outside a mobile home park after the South Napa Earthquake on August 24, 2014. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California seems to be experiencing one water disaster after another. On top of the drought, last month a 90-year-old water pipe ruptured on the UCLA campus leaking an estimated 20 million gallons of drinking water. On Sunday, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake damaged dozens of water pipes, leaving hundreds of Napa and Vallejo residents without water. These major incidents beg the question: how strong is our water infrastructure?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a new report by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/drought/ci_26350962/california-drought-bay-area-loses-billions-gallons-leaky\">\u003cem>San Jose Mercury News\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, local water agencies are losing about 23 billion gallons of treated water each year. Most of that loss is attributed to aging pipelines that leak before reaching customer meters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The system is aging,” Mercury News Science Reporter Lisa Kreiger told Michael Krasny on KQED’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201408270900\">\u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. Her analysis of water records shows Bay Area agencies lost between 3 and 16 percent of treated water in 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the state is in a drought, these old, leaky pipes are gaining attention. “When water is precious, monitoring and stopping these losses becomes important,” Krieger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Krieger, the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission and East Bay Municipal Utility District have done a good job of reporting their water losses to the state. But reporting leaks and losses isn’t mandatory in California, so many water districts aren’t reporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really don’t have a good grasp of what’s going on here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”DusLke8HF8575Sm1pXYimoeE00KWx7yo”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the Bay Area’s water system was built generations ago and is in need of repair and replacement. “Many of our pipes are 100 years old,” said Steven Ritchie, assistant general manager of water for the SFPUC, which is currently replacing six miles of pipe each year and is aiming to increase to 15 miles each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility is also in the midst of a $4.6 billion seismic upgrade that includes replacing and upgrading tanks and pipes. “We’re really improving our ability to deliver water subsequent to an earthquake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EBMUD has 4,200 miles of water pipeline and is currently replacing 10 miles of pipe each year. The utility is also using acoustic sensors called “loggers” to detect leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at the dawn of the era of replacement,” said Heather Cooley, with the Pacific Institute, a water policy think tank. Fixing the nation’s broken water system would cost $700 billion over the next 20 years, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just distribution systems that are in need of repair. California is wasting about 11 gallons of water per person per day on broken household systems like running toilets and leaking irrigation systems, Cooley said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "On top of the drought, the South Napa Quake damaged dozens of water pipes and last month a ruptured pipe ruptured on the UCLA campus leaked about 20 million gallons of water. So how strong is California's water infrastructure?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21065\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/NapaWaterMainBreak.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21065 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/08/NapaWaterMainBreak.jpg\" alt=\"Water gushes from a water main break outside a mobile home park after the South Napa Earthquake on August 24, 2014. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water gushes from a water main break outside a mobile home park after the South Napa Earthquake on August 24, 2014. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California seems to be experiencing one water disaster after another. On top of the drought, last month a 90-year-old water pipe ruptured on the UCLA campus leaking an estimated 20 million gallons of drinking water. On Sunday, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake damaged dozens of water pipes, leaving hundreds of Napa and Vallejo residents without water. These major incidents beg the question: how strong is our water infrastructure?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a new report by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/drought/ci_26350962/california-drought-bay-area-loses-billions-gallons-leaky\">\u003cem>San Jose Mercury News\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, local water agencies are losing about 23 billion gallons of treated water each year. Most of that loss is attributed to aging pipelines that leak before reaching customer meters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The system is aging,” Mercury News Science Reporter Lisa Kreiger told Michael Krasny on KQED’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201408270900\">\u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. Her analysis of water records shows Bay Area agencies lost between 3 and 16 percent of treated water in 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the state is in a drought, these old, leaky pipes are gaining attention. “When water is precious, monitoring and stopping these losses becomes important,” Krieger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Krieger, the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission and East Bay Municipal Utility District have done a good job of reporting their water losses to the state. But reporting leaks and losses isn’t mandatory in California, so many water districts aren’t reporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really don’t have a good grasp of what’s going on here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the Bay Area’s water system was built generations ago and is in need of repair and replacement. “Many of our pipes are 100 years old,” said Steven Ritchie, assistant general manager of water for the SFPUC, which is currently replacing six miles of pipe each year and is aiming to increase to 15 miles each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility is also in the midst of a $4.6 billion seismic upgrade that includes replacing and upgrading tanks and pipes. “We’re really improving our ability to deliver water subsequent to an earthquake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EBMUD has 4,200 miles of water pipeline and is currently replacing 10 miles of pipe each year. The utility is also using acoustic sensors called “loggers” to detect leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are at the dawn of the era of replacement,” said Heather Cooley, with the Pacific Institute, a water policy think tank. Fixing the nation’s broken water system would cost $700 billion over the next 20 years, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just distribution systems that are in need of repair. California is wasting about 11 gallons of water per person per day on broken household systems like running toilets and leaking irrigation systems, Cooley said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Judge Rejects Bid to Block Emergency Water to Klamath Salmon",
"title": "Judge Rejects Bid to Block Emergency Water to Klamath Salmon",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_146082\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/15060459675_f1c52850f5_o.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-146082\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/08/15060459675_f1c52850f5_o-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Water pounds down the spillway from Lewiston Dam on the Trinity River. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation is increasing flows to aid migrating salmon. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water pounds down the spillway from Lewiston Dam on the Trinity River. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation is increasing flows to aid migrating salmon. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A federal judge has rejected a bid by two of the biggest irrigation districts in the San Joaquin Valley to stop emergency water releases intended to help chinook salmon migrating up the Klamath and Trinity rivers in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Lawrence J. O'Neill in Fresno on Wednesday denied the temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction sought by Westlands Water District and the San Luis & Delta-Mendota Water Authority. The districts had argued the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation lacks the authority to make the releases and that the water flowing downriver to improve conditions for salmon means less will be available for Central Valley farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge ruled that the potential harm to salmon from drought conditions, which have reduced flows in the Klamath River and raised the chances for disease, outweighs the potential harm to farm operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation ordered the emergency releases last week from reservoirs on the Trinity River, the Klamath's main tributary. The agency said it acted after determining that low flows and higher than normal temperatures on the Klamath could be ripe for an outbreak of a parasite and illness that killed more than 30,000 chinook in 2002.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\"> Ruling says extra water is needed to prevent an outbreak of disease from a parasite that kills the fish. \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The releases are scheduled to continue through mid-September and are expected to total about 25,000 to 30,000 acre-feet (roughly enough water to supply about 50,000 to 60,000 California households for a year).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his ruling, O'Neill cited a statement from tribal fisheries consultant Joshua Strange that the extra water was needed to prevent an outbreak of disease from a parasite known as Ich, short for Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, that can thrive when fish are crowded together -- as is happening now in the Klamath. The parasite was the prime killer of salmon in the 2002 drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the Indian tribes that depend on the salmon for subsistence, ceremonial and commercial fisheries had pressed the bureau to reverse an earlier decision to only release more water once significant numbers of fish began to die. They were joined by environmental and fishermen's groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The court again recognized the scientific basis for the supplemental releases, and the best decision was made for the resource and the fishery,\" said Susan Masten, vice chairwoman of the Yurok Tribe. \"Klamath (Basin) water is meant to support Klamath River fish, not industrial agriculture in the Central Valley.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his ruling Wednesday, O'Neill expressed displeasure with the Bureau of Reclamation for undertaking the releases as an emergency action. He suggested the agency is acting without a \"consistent, reasoned policy rationale\" and that unless he gets a fuller opportunity to weigh that rationale in the future, his orders \"may disappoint\" federal officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from the Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In a victory for native tribes, ruling says imminent harm to fish outweighs potential harm to farmers.",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
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