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"content": "\u003cp>Facing lawsuits in courtrooms across Northern California for its role in disastrous wildfires in 2017 and 2018, PG&E says it wants to create a $105 million fund to help fire victims with housing or other living expenses. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/5985616/PG-E-Wildfire-Assistance-Program.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a motion\u003c/a> filed in federal bankruptcy court Wednesday, the utility wrote that while lawsuits over the blazes could take years to play out in court, “many of those who lost their homes in the 2017 and 2018 fires continue to struggle to find affordable housing” and that many victims are either uninsured or will soon exhaust living expenses provided under their insurance coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More PG&E Coverage\" tag=\"pge\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E, which filed for Chapter 11 protection in January in large part because of potential wildfire liabilities, is asking the bankruptcy court for permission to create the $105 million fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exact eligibility requirements for who can tap the fund will have to be sorted out by a third-party fund administrator. But in the motion, the utility wrote that people who are most in need — such as those still living in tents — will have priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are committed to resolving the claims of wildfire victims fairly and expeditiously as part of our reorganization,” PG&E said in a written statement after filing the motion. “We also recognize that there are victims of the 2017 and 2018 wildfires in immediate need. They are our friends, family and neighbors and we feel strongly that the right thing to do is to help them in this time of need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If approved by the court, the money could come at a critical time for victims who are insured: Most insurance policies only offer living expenses for one to two years, so many fire survivors will see their payments dry up this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patrick McCallum, who lost his home in the 2017 fires and has been lobbying for wildfire victims in the state Capitol, said attorneys for victims had asked for a larger assistance fund — $250 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, McCallum said, the important thing is getting resources to victims fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At this point what’s important is to get the money out quickly,” he said, noting that many victims of the 2017 fires will be in “dire straits” if their insurance money runs out in the fall — but that those displaced by last November’s Camp Fire victims even worse off. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The really horrific situation is in Butte County, where Camp Fire victims are living in tents and trailers,” McCallum said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Just two and a half hours from Los Angeles, it feels like another world, bouncing along an old jeep road in the remote Temblor Range. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rainbow that these hills were for the last month is pretty much gone,” remarks my pal Michael Lee Jackson, a professional photographer and amateur explorer, as we drive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s his seventh trip to the Carrizo Plain National Monument since mid-March. That was the start of the “super bloom” that transformed Southern California’s deserts and prairies into stunning mosaics of yellows, oranges, reds, purples and blues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson loves documenting the changes. “Other than the shapes of the hills,” he says, “it doesn’t look like it’s the same place at all, it looks like it’s between paint jobs.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-14-f61f4eb3138df8168dd200828a7f1dc553e7b6be.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11743399\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A field of yellow flowers in the Temblor Range, at the Carrizo Plain National Monument. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By now, the frenzied crowds toting selfie sticks trying to capture this quick burst of beauty for their Instagram feeds have thinned out. But there are still some purples and whites — the lupines, the hillside daisies. And on the floor of the massive plain itself a huge carpet of yellow, hundreds of acres in size. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re happy to have the place mostly to ourselves to explore. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The protected monument, designated by President Clinton in 2001, is massive — some 40 miles long and 15 miles wide — daunting even. Standing on the floor of the plain, taking it all in, it’s like standing in an inland sea. To the left lusher mountains closer to the Pacific Ocean, to the right desert hills almost burnt brown, cut by the San Andreas Fault toward their base. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are few amenities such as signs or marked trails. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the “super bloom” has started to fade, Jackson is training his lens on the old, decaying ranch houses with their collapsed roofs. There are Depression-era pickups and plows just abandoned in the fields; relics of homesteaders who tried to scratch out a living in a punishingly hot and dry environment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Life out here in these places has always been really hard, the elements are so extreme,” he says. “People have this idyllic image of what it’s like to have a ‘little house on the prairie.’ The answer is brutal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743400\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-13-_wide-678bdd96070869f81773d9c63ad762744c75b76d.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1154\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11743400\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">What’s left of an abandoned ranch on the Carrizo Plain National Monument, where summers bring scorching temperatures and little if any rai \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even this early in the year, the afternoon sun already feels brutal. In a few weeks, the mercury will be in the hundreds. All these flowers that sprung up from the rainier than normal winter will wilt and become fuel for summer wildfires. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one of the few marked trailheads, Wallace Creek, we reapply sunscreen. Hikers are topping off their water bottles. A family in a minivan looks a little unprepared — we warn them to take more water than they think they’ll need and to watch out for rattlesnakes. They’re out now. We’d already seen two. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked where the best place is to see the super bloom, veteran visitor Jackson can’t say. There’s really no good answer. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743401\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-a3f0899f95013c976164e2ee22a7ab7e85f9be71-800x450.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11743401\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photographer Michael Lee Jackson hops out of his Toyota to capture a closer view of a rattlesnake sunning itself on the dirt road. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People want a quick panacea for finding the most beautiful stuff,” Jackson says later. “But a place like this is different every day.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson has been trekking out here for almost a decade. After another long climb, we’ve finally reached one of his favorite photography spots, a pull out and makeshift campsite perched on the rim of a steep canyon high in the Temblor Range. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are still some lingering fields of yellow across from and beneath us. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was here before it bloomed, here after,” he says, his shutter snapping. “And I can tell a bigger story about this place now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s that story? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s about nature’s impermanence, he replies, about nature’s constantly evolving artwork. Its a story that most people will never see, once the super bloom fades to brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Just two and a half hours from Los Angeles, it feels like another world, bouncing along an old jeep road in the remote Temblor Range. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rainbow that these hills were for the last month is pretty much gone,” remarks my pal Michael Lee Jackson, a professional photographer and amateur explorer, as we drive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s his seventh trip to the Carrizo Plain National Monument since mid-March. That was the start of the “super bloom” that transformed Southern California’s deserts and prairies into stunning mosaics of yellows, oranges, reds, purples and blues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson loves documenting the changes. “Other than the shapes of the hills,” he says, “it doesn’t look like it’s the same place at all, it looks like it’s between paint jobs.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-14-f61f4eb3138df8168dd200828a7f1dc553e7b6be.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11743399\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A field of yellow flowers in the Temblor Range, at the Carrizo Plain National Monument. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By now, the frenzied crowds toting selfie sticks trying to capture this quick burst of beauty for their Instagram feeds have thinned out. But there are still some purples and whites — the lupines, the hillside daisies. And on the floor of the massive plain itself a huge carpet of yellow, hundreds of acres in size. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re happy to have the place mostly to ourselves to explore. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The protected monument, designated by President Clinton in 2001, is massive — some 40 miles long and 15 miles wide — daunting even. Standing on the floor of the plain, taking it all in, it’s like standing in an inland sea. To the left lusher mountains closer to the Pacific Ocean, to the right desert hills almost burnt brown, cut by the San Andreas Fault toward their base. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are few amenities such as signs or marked trails. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the “super bloom” has started to fade, Jackson is training his lens on the old, decaying ranch houses with their collapsed roofs. There are Depression-era pickups and plows just abandoned in the fields; relics of homesteaders who tried to scratch out a living in a punishingly hot and dry environment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Life out here in these places has always been really hard, the elements are so extreme,” he says. “People have this idyllic image of what it’s like to have a ‘little house on the prairie.’ The answer is brutal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743400\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-13-_wide-678bdd96070869f81773d9c63ad762744c75b76d.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1154\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11743400\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">What’s left of an abandoned ranch on the Carrizo Plain National Monument, where summers bring scorching temperatures and little if any rai \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even this early in the year, the afternoon sun already feels brutal. In a few weeks, the mercury will be in the hundreds. All these flowers that sprung up from the rainier than normal winter will wilt and become fuel for summer wildfires. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one of the few marked trailheads, Wallace Creek, we reapply sunscreen. Hikers are topping off their water bottles. A family in a minivan looks a little unprepared — we warn them to take more water than they think they’ll need and to watch out for rattlesnakes. They’re out now. We’d already seen two. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked where the best place is to see the super bloom, veteran visitor Jackson can’t say. There’s really no good answer. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743401\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-a3f0899f95013c976164e2ee22a7ab7e85f9be71-800x450.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11743401\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photographer Michael Lee Jackson hops out of his Toyota to capture a closer view of a rattlesnake sunning itself on the dirt road. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People want a quick panacea for finding the most beautiful stuff,” Jackson says later. “But a place like this is different every day.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson has been trekking out here for almost a decade. After another long climb, we’ve finally reached one of his favorite photography spots, a pull out and makeshift campsite perched on the rim of a steep canyon high in the Temblor Range. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are still some lingering fields of yellow across from and beneath us. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was here before it bloomed, here after,” he says, his shutter snapping. “And I can tell a bigger story about this place now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s that story? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s about nature’s impermanence, he replies, about nature’s constantly evolving artwork. Its a story that most people will never see, once the super bloom fades to brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Lingering+Fields+Of+Yellow%27+As+California%27s+Super+Bloom+Begins+To+Fade&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>‘Destined to Burn’ is a collaborative story package by journalists from USA TODAY Network-California, McClatchy, Media News and The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How many roads are enough to get out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the question we wondered after watching tragedy unfold in Paradise last year during the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Camp Fire\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paradise had five two-lane roads and one four-lane road leading out of town. But the fire forced officials to close three of those routes, further clogging the remaining roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did Paradise have an unusually high ratio of residents to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11743347/california-towns-at-risk-from-fires-often-have-few-ways-out\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">escape routes\u003c/a>? Or were other California communities in a similar situation?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A USA Today-California Network analysis of California communities and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/4eb3806b4c5c448f985646d91ce03c20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">evacuation routes\u003c/a> shows that some areas in the state are far outside the norm when it comes to the number of lanes of roadway available for the size of the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a shorthand method of evaluating the efficacy of egress routes, according to emergency planning experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To evaluate exit routes for Californians living in areas at risk of a fire-related evacuation, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/bba93f2197404969a0d4a3fa59f659ae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">we combined and analyzed data\u003c/a> from the U.S. Census Bureau, Cal Fire and OpenStreetMap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We took 2010 census block-level populations, combined with Cal Fire’s “Fire Hazard Severity Zone” maps, and aggregated those to zip codes, then applied more current population estimates. Next, we spatially joined those areas with the fire risk map. That provided a current population risk breakdown for each zip code, based on area and estimated population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We added OpenStreetMap data to each zip code, so we could see which roads cross into or out of the area. Combining the zip code population and fire risk data with the standard number of lanes for every major roadway allowed us to come up with a set of zip codes that have the greatest number of people living in the highest-risk areas and hypothetically trying to use the fewest number of lanes to leave in any direction or to areas at less risk for fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does this tell us?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short, the analysis gives an estimate of how many people there are for every lane of major road leaving an area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we looked at all zip codes in California that have people living in a very high fire risk zone, we found, on average, 134 residents living in the riskiest areas for each lane of traffic going either direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only one out of 20 zip codes has more than 313 people living in the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/636bf8b628d847a0b6826d907c396152\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">riskiest areas\u003c/a> for each lane of traffic. Paradise had more than 1,000, putting it in the worst 1%. But some areas, such as Oak Park in Ventura County, South \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/bf00185ed887421388358ed8145fe423\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lake Tahoe\u003c/a> in El Dorado County or the Palos Verdes Peninsula in Los Angeles County, have two, three or even five times the number of people living in the highest-risk zones, per lane of major roadway out, compared to Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the zip codes the our analysis identified as being roughly within the worst 1% in the state when it comes to population-to-evacuation-route ratios:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Southern California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>90042: Highland Park and Eagle Rock in Los Angeles County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>90272: Pacific Palisades in Los Angeles County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>90274: Rolling Hills in Los Angeles County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>90275: Rancho Palos Verdes in Los Angeles County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>91935: Jamul and surrounding areas in San Diego County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92065: Ramona and surrounding areas in San Diego County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92131: Scripps Ranch in San Diego County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>91320: From Newbury Park to Dos Vientos Ranch in western Thousand Oaks in Ventura County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>91377: Oak Park, an unincorporated community in Ventura County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>93021: Moorpark in Ventura County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92548: Homeland and areas northwest of Homeland in Riverside County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92584: Menifee in Riverside County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92314: Big Bear, Minnelusa and Sugarloaf (92386) in San Bernardino County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Central California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>93924: Carmel Valley and Jamesburg in Monterey County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Northern California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95954: Magalia in Butte County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95969: Paradise in Butte County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>96150: South Lake Tahoe and surrounding areas in El Dorado County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95634: Georgetown and surrounding areas in El Dorado County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>94508: Angwin in Napa County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>94708: Cragmont, Kensington and La Loma Park in northeastern Berkeley in Alameda County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95422: Clearlake in Lake County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95451: Kelseyville in Lake County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95631: Foresthill and surrounding areas in Placer County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95666: Pioneer, Barton and Buckhorn in Amador County\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>‘Destined to Burn’ is a collaborative story package by journalists from USA TODAY Network-California, McClatchy, Media News and The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How many roads are enough to get out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the question we wondered after watching tragedy unfold in Paradise last year during the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Camp Fire\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paradise had five two-lane roads and one four-lane road leading out of town. But the fire forced officials to close three of those routes, further clogging the remaining roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did Paradise have an unusually high ratio of residents to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11743347/california-towns-at-risk-from-fires-often-have-few-ways-out\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">escape routes\u003c/a>? Or were other California communities in a similar situation?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A USA Today-California Network analysis of California communities and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/4eb3806b4c5c448f985646d91ce03c20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">evacuation routes\u003c/a> shows that some areas in the state are far outside the norm when it comes to the number of lanes of roadway available for the size of the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a shorthand method of evaluating the efficacy of egress routes, according to emergency planning experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To evaluate exit routes for Californians living in areas at risk of a fire-related evacuation, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/bba93f2197404969a0d4a3fa59f659ae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">we combined and analyzed data\u003c/a> from the U.S. Census Bureau, Cal Fire and OpenStreetMap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We took 2010 census block-level populations, combined with Cal Fire’s “Fire Hazard Severity Zone” maps, and aggregated those to zip codes, then applied more current population estimates. Next, we spatially joined those areas with the fire risk map. That provided a current population risk breakdown for each zip code, based on area and estimated population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We added OpenStreetMap data to each zip code, so we could see which roads cross into or out of the area. Combining the zip code population and fire risk data with the standard number of lanes for every major roadway allowed us to come up with a set of zip codes that have the greatest number of people living in the highest-risk areas and hypothetically trying to use the fewest number of lanes to leave in any direction or to areas at less risk for fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does this tell us?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short, the analysis gives an estimate of how many people there are for every lane of major road leaving an area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we looked at all zip codes in California that have people living in a very high fire risk zone, we found, on average, 134 residents living in the riskiest areas for each lane of traffic going either direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only one out of 20 zip codes has more than 313 people living in the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/636bf8b628d847a0b6826d907c396152\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">riskiest areas\u003c/a> for each lane of traffic. Paradise had more than 1,000, putting it in the worst 1%. But some areas, such as Oak Park in Ventura County, South \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/bf00185ed887421388358ed8145fe423\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lake Tahoe\u003c/a> in El Dorado County or the Palos Verdes Peninsula in Los Angeles County, have two, three or even five times the number of people living in the highest-risk zones, per lane of major roadway out, compared to Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the zip codes the our analysis identified as being roughly within the worst 1% in the state when it comes to population-to-evacuation-route ratios:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Southern California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>90042: Highland Park and Eagle Rock in Los Angeles County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>90272: Pacific Palisades in Los Angeles County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>90274: Rolling Hills in Los Angeles County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>90275: Rancho Palos Verdes in Los Angeles County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>91935: Jamul and surrounding areas in San Diego County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92065: Ramona and surrounding areas in San Diego County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92131: Scripps Ranch in San Diego County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>91320: From Newbury Park to Dos Vientos Ranch in western Thousand Oaks in Ventura County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>91377: Oak Park, an unincorporated community in Ventura County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>93021: Moorpark in Ventura County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92548: Homeland and areas northwest of Homeland in Riverside County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92584: Menifee in Riverside County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>92314: Big Bear, Minnelusa and Sugarloaf (92386) in San Bernardino County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Central California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>93924: Carmel Valley and Jamesburg in Monterey County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Northern California\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95954: Magalia in Butte County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95969: Paradise in Butte County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>96150: South Lake Tahoe and surrounding areas in El Dorado County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95634: Georgetown and surrounding areas in El Dorado County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>94508: Angwin in Napa County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>94708: Cragmont, Kensington and La Loma Park in northeastern Berkeley in Alameda County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95422: Clearlake in Lake County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95451: Kelseyville in Lake County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95631: Foresthill and surrounding areas in Placer County\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>95666: Pioneer, Barton and Buckhorn in Amador County\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Towns at Risk From Fires Often Have Few Ways Out",
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"headTitle": "California Towns at Risk From Fires Often Have Few Ways Out | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Californians got a deadly wake-up call when more than 27,000 Paradise residents trying to escape \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Camp Fire\u003c/a> got caught in a nightmare traffic jam. The November 2018 catastrophe illuminated the grim reality that road systems throughout the state are not designed to handle a sudden evacuation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11743364\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USA TODAY Network-California analysis\u003c/a> reveals the extent to which a fundamental problem in Paradise — too few escape lanes for too many people in vehicles — applies to other cities and neighborhoods at great risk of wildfire across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11711175,news_11706065\" label=\"What Happened in Paradise\"]\u003cbr>\nAbout 350,000 Californians live in areas that have both the highest wildfire risk designation, and either the same number or fewer exit routes per person as Paradise. From the mountains, lakes and forests of Northern California to the San Diego suburbs, some residents in the most fire-prone areas have far fewer evacuation routes than the vast majority of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ratio of people to exit routes doesn’t account for all the complexities of an actual evacuation, experts say, but it does serve as a shorthand for evaluating evacuation efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Gold Rush town of Sonora, about 3½ hours southeast of Paradise, Karl Rodefer worries as the next dry season approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If that happens here, we’re going to have the same kinds of issues,” said Rodefer, a Tuolumne County supervisor. “There’s a lot of anxiety in the foothills now because of the Camp Fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Sonora and Paradise are isolated communities with few roads leading into and out of town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles County, an area already known for gridlock, the city of Glendale straddles the Verdugo Mountains with neighborhoods, schools and hiking trails carved into its base. The city’s 2008 emergency plan identified them as potential brush fire zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The roads can be narrow and some communities have only one way in and out. The plan notes that these conditions could make evacuation and emergency response difficult, but years of construction and development have made any kind of road widening “physically impossible” in those areas, city spokesman Dan Bell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s police and fire agencies have conducted outreach in these communities and are strict about defensible space around homes. There’s also a new targeted alert system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the only concern is people not evacuating when we ask them to evacuate,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, Bell said, the area hasn’t seen a major wildfire in some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743360\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11743360 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A resident rushes to save his home as an out-of-control wildfire moves through Glen Ellen. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it’s the big one that worries Glendale resident James Ward, 62. For 32 years he’s lived in Chevy Chase Canyon, a community of 1,600 homes in a cleft of the San Rafael Hills, which the city has also identified as a potential brush fire zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are only two-lane roads that run through the canyon, with a single access point for many streets and only a few main arteries that let people out. But some neighbors don’t know all the ways out, Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If 80% or 60% of the people thought the only way was Chevy Chase (Drive) and all the emergency vehicles were coming up, yes that’s gonna be an issue,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"left\" citation=\"Tom Cova, wildfire evacuations expert\"]“We’re gonna see a lot of bad things happen, I think … before we do something for communities.”[/pullquote]\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/4eb3806b4c5c448f985646d91ce03c20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Evacuation routes\u003c/a> came up at an annual community meeting in March with the police and fire departments because residents saw the tragedy in Paradise and had the same fears, Ward said. The co-president of the Chevy Chase Estates Association said the public safety officials acknowledged their fears, but “their message was: Be aware of your surroundings and if we ask you to leave, leave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officially adopted fire code standards for roads in the 1990s, although they had been used in some areas for decades before that. They set rules for things like grades, road surfaces, passing areas, signage on dead-ends and “critical” secondary access to any subdivision, said Daniel Berlant, assistant deputy director with Cal Fire’s Office of the State Fire Marshal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most of the road systems that California communities like Glendale rely on were built before the widespread use of the standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also building codes that regulate room capacity and emergency exits, said wildfire evacuations expert Tom Cova. The same consideration should be applied to road infrastructure in communities, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re gonna see a lot of bad things happen, I think … before we do something for communities that we did for buildings,” said Cova, director of the University of Utah’s Center for Natural and Technological Hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Cova and other experts see road capacity as just one element of a healthy evacuation system. Timely evacuation orders, residents’ willingness to obey them, traffic pinch points at intersections beyond the community and many other factors can also be a matter of life and death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And road capacities can be sufficient, Cova said, if evacuations are gradual or limited. It’s when everyone tries to leave at once that escape routes are quickly overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘There Were Just So Many People’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Malibu transplant Kassidy Jones, 40, said that’s exactly what happened when he and his family fled their home in the city’s Corral Canyon neighborhood the morning of Nov. 9. As \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/woolsey-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Woolsey Fire\u003c/a> bore down, they packed two cars full of belongings and drove south down the windy, two-lane road to scenic Pacific Coast Highway. At the bottom of the canyon, they found bumper-to-bumper traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think there’s really another way out, especially because the fire was coming down the mountain,” Jones said. “There were just so many people. PCH can’t handle it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Work brought the Texas native to Los Angeles, but he never liked the city much. That’s why he moved his family to the remote neighborhood where his backyard met the sprawling canyon and gave him a glimpse of the Pacific Ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now there he was, stuck in traffic. He couldn’t go north. The flames were coming from that direction — just like in previous fires. Plus, north of Jones, the canyon road eventually empties into a network of hiking trails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LASDHQ/status/1061073827021578240\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the bottom of the canyon, it took 20 minutes to even turn onto the highway, Jones said. He parked one of the vehicles along PCH and planned to leave it there, figuring the fire wouldn’t spread that far. There, Jones rejoined his wife and their children, ages 6 and 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kids became restless as the family’s car crept along the highway for two hours to go just 2 miles. Finally, they stopped at a park to stretch their legs, go to the bathroom and have some snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They watched as the towering smoke plume from the Woolsey Fire changed direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before it was flowing west, then it went south. Our neighborhood was on the eastern edge of where the fire went. Unfortunately, it got our house,” Jones said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where Drivers Could Overwhelm Evacuation Routes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For others like Jones, who choose to live in places prone to fire, whether in remote parts of rural California or in the “urban-wildland interface” that buffers California’s rugged wilderness and dense cities, a similar situation could await.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/bba93f2197404969a0d4a3fa59f659ae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USA TODAY Network-California analysis of populations, fire risk zones and roadways\u003c/a> shows roughly one out of every 100 ZIP codes in California has a population-to-evacuation-route ratio that is near to or worse than that of Paradise and its neighbor, Magalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"left\" citation=\"Jim Drennan, South Lake Tahoe Fire Department Battalion Chief \"]“There’s no earthly way you’re moving the entire vacation population out of the basin all at once.”[/pullquote]Near the top of the list is South Lake Tahoe. The town is relatively isolated, with only a few thoroughfares to facilitate emergency access for firefighting resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, the number of people living in the “very high fire hazard safety zone” per roadway lanes out is almost three times the number for Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interim South Lake Tahoe Fire Department Battalion Chief Jim Drennan said he wasn’t surprised to find out his community is in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/bf00185ed887421388358ed8145fe423\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one of the most precarious fire evacuation locations in the state\u003c/a>, given the small number of roads in and out of the Tahoe Basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drennan said that since Paradise burned, he hears the same question from people on a nearly daily basis: What are they going to do if a major fire breaks out? Evacuation plans fall primarily to police, he said, but his fire department is one of several agencies trying to plan for what feels like a looming threat. The fire department and other public safety agencies in the area are “on super high alert,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mindset here is: There’s no earthly way you’re moving the entire vacation population out of the basin all at once,” Drennan said. “If you have just one quirk, you’re going to end up with a lot of people stuck on the roads.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The previous fire chief there wrote in a 2018 op-ed that it’s not a question of “if” but “when” a major fire will hit the area, and he pointed out the limited evacuation routes as a major concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police, fire and city officials held a public meeting April 25, specifically to discuss fire preparedness and evacuation planning, partly in response to the anxiety many have expressed to him and others, Drennan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743357\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11743357\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view at the edge of the Camp Fire one month later. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The analysis identified some places in California where fires have already combined with jammed roadways, killing drivers attempting to flee. Paradise and its neighbor, Magalia, were among the areas identified as a populous area with limited routes out, and 2018’s Camp Fire proved the point. There, city and county officials had planned on having motorists evacuate using five two-lane roads and one four-lane road leading out of town. But fire forced officials to close three of those routes, further clogging the remaining roads, Paradise Mayor Jody Jones said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cedar Fire, which burned 273,000 acres across the hills of northeastern San Diego in 2003, claimed 10 people trying to flee the blaze in their cars. That fire lashed the densely populated Scripps Ranch area, which has a limited number of roadways that lead to less fire-prone areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Undeterred\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many Californians clearly understand the risks. They’ve lived through wildfire evacuations, or have watched others. But that’s not enough to pry them from the places they love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg Meneshian, 53, is one. He’s rebuilding the Bell Canyon home destroyed last year by the Woolsey Fire. There’s only one access point in his neighborhood of 750.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meneshian moved to the gated, equestrian-oriented community just west of the bustling San Fernando Valley about five years ago. The sense of community he felt the night he evacuated, he said, is just more reason for him and his two daughters, 10 and 12, to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking northwest from his driveway on the night of Nov. 8 he could see flames in the canyon. He and his neighbors met on the street in front of his home trying to figure out what they should do, Meneshian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were looking to me for answers as if I lived through this before,” Meneshian said. But he was in disbelief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He woke up the girls and told them to pack a bag for a week. The power had been flickering on and off, and Meneshian knew that meant it was time to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike Jones, whose wife had gotten an evacuation alert, Meneshian left before anyone told him to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was dark and smoky with nothing but the pockets of fire visible in the canyon, Meneshian said. Vehicles raced down his hilly street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was really a scramble for our lives,” Meneshian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’d find out the next day his home was destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the self-proclaimed “nostalgic guy” likes the sense of togetherness in Bell Canyon, where the closest store is 30 minutes away so sometimes borrowing from a neighbor is usually the better bet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The limited escape routes, he thinks, are just something to be aware of: “It’s probably a deterrent for some people (moving) in,” he said. “But it shouldn’t be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘You Have to Make These Investments’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Before Paradise burned, there were already signs of problems with evacuation routes during major wildfires, said Assemblywoman Laura Friedman, whose district includes Glendale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2017 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tubbs-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tubbs Fire\u003c/a> in Santa Rosa, which killed 22 people and destroyed more than 5,600 structures, raised alarms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11654027\"]Afterward, Friedman and her staff talked with academics about the lessons learned, and she introduced Assembly Bill 2911, which then-Gov. Jerry Brown signed into law in 2018. Among other things, AB 2911 requires that subdivisions with only one exit route, located in very high hazard zones for wildfire, undergo an assessment. The bill calls for developing safety recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State fire officials should begin the surveys around July 1, 2021, and continue every five years after.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman’s bill is likely to have an impact back in her district. In Glendale’s 2008 emergency plan, bold, capitalized letters call attention to the Oakmont Woods and Whiting Woods communities and their single-access roads. Both are within the state’s very high hazard zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any city that has those conditions could benefit, and certainly it could be a legislative wake-up call to not only identify these areas but (to signal that) you have to make these investments to make the cities safer,” Friedman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman hopes for more state funding for the assessments. She sees reason for optimism in Gov. Gavin Newsom’s declaration of a state of emergency ahead of the traditional wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there’s no unified approach to dealing with California’s wildfire evacuation problem, Friedman’s bill calling for assessments to begin two years from now is not the only potential improvement underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Newsom fast-tracked 35 priority projects to remove years of dry, built-up vegetation and create fuel breaks for emergency routes. Those follow an effort by Caltrans since 2016 to remove dead and dying trees from state roadways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743358\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11743358\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cars abandoned on the side of the road during the evacuation of Paradise. \u003ccite>(Sonja Hutson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>More Than Just Lanes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cova, the wildfire evacuations expert, said 25 years ago he became preoccupied with the idea that road congestion was the problem. But through his research he also learned it’s more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The direction the roads let out is also important. In most fire-prone areas officials know what historically contributes to large wildfires, such as Santa Ana or Diablo winds, and can plan to build roads in a direction those gusts are unlikely to push the fire, Cova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an emergency, Cova said traffic routing and control makes a big difference. That can be especially important at the points where evacuation routes hit other roads. The Malibu example, where so many roads empty onto PCH, is apt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11622223\"]The road issues are important because so many other human factors may decrease the amount of time people have to evacuate, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What really causes the problem is when you have too many people leaving in too little a time,” Cova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can take officials a while to order evacuations. And residents often hesitate, contemplating whether they should leave, and then take time packing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Malibu, Jones’ wife got an evacuation alert on her phone at 6 a.m. Sheriff’s officials came around on a loudspeaker at 7 a.m. It was around 8 a.m. when Jones actually left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To speed things up, Cova encourages residents to have a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11622223/heres-what-you-should-have-in-your-emergency-bag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">go bag\u003c/a> with medications, important paperwork, photographs and other irreplaceable items. And they should have a plan to round up pets, since critical time can be lost chasing dogs and locating cats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being prepared to leave at a moment’s notice is a good idea,” Cova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>‘Destined to Burn’ is a collaborative story package by journalists from USA TODAY Network-California, McClatchy, Media News and The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Damon Arthur of the Redding Record Searchlight contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "About 350,000 Californians live in areas that have both the highest wildfire risk designation, and either the same number or fewer exit routes per person as Paradise.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Californians got a deadly wake-up call when more than 27,000 Paradise residents trying to escape \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Camp Fire\u003c/a> got caught in a nightmare traffic jam. The November 2018 catastrophe illuminated the grim reality that road systems throughout the state are not designed to handle a sudden evacuation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11743364\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USA TODAY Network-California analysis\u003c/a> reveals the extent to which a fundamental problem in Paradise — too few escape lanes for too many people in vehicles — applies to other cities and neighborhoods at great risk of wildfire across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nAbout 350,000 Californians live in areas that have both the highest wildfire risk designation, and either the same number or fewer exit routes per person as Paradise. From the mountains, lakes and forests of Northern California to the San Diego suburbs, some residents in the most fire-prone areas have far fewer evacuation routes than the vast majority of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ratio of people to exit routes doesn’t account for all the complexities of an actual evacuation, experts say, but it does serve as a shorthand for evaluating evacuation efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Gold Rush town of Sonora, about 3½ hours southeast of Paradise, Karl Rodefer worries as the next dry season approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If that happens here, we’re going to have the same kinds of issues,” said Rodefer, a Tuolumne County supervisor. “There’s a lot of anxiety in the foothills now because of the Camp Fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Sonora and Paradise are isolated communities with few roads leading into and out of town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles County, an area already known for gridlock, the city of Glendale straddles the Verdugo Mountains with neighborhoods, schools and hiking trails carved into its base. The city’s 2008 emergency plan identified them as potential brush fire zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The roads can be narrow and some communities have only one way in and out. The plan notes that these conditions could make evacuation and emergency response difficult, but years of construction and development have made any kind of road widening “physically impossible” in those areas, city spokesman Dan Bell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s police and fire agencies have conducted outreach in these communities and are strict about defensible space around homes. There’s also a new targeted alert system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the only concern is people not evacuating when we ask them to evacuate,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, Bell said, the area hasn’t seen a major wildfire in some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743360\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11743360 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS27223_GettyImages-859436442-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A resident rushes to save his home as an out-of-control wildfire moves through Glen Ellen. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it’s the big one that worries Glendale resident James Ward, 62. For 32 years he’s lived in Chevy Chase Canyon, a community of 1,600 homes in a cleft of the San Rafael Hills, which the city has also identified as a potential brush fire zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are only two-lane roads that run through the canyon, with a single access point for many streets and only a few main arteries that let people out. But some neighbors don’t know all the ways out, Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If 80% or 60% of the people thought the only way was Chevy Chase (Drive) and all the emergency vehicles were coming up, yes that’s gonna be an issue,” Ward said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "“We’re gonna see a lot of bad things happen, I think … before we do something for communities.”",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/4eb3806b4c5c448f985646d91ce03c20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Evacuation routes\u003c/a> came up at an annual community meeting in March with the police and fire departments because residents saw the tragedy in Paradise and had the same fears, Ward said. The co-president of the Chevy Chase Estates Association said the public safety officials acknowledged their fears, but “their message was: Be aware of your surroundings and if we ask you to leave, leave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officially adopted fire code standards for roads in the 1990s, although they had been used in some areas for decades before that. They set rules for things like grades, road surfaces, passing areas, signage on dead-ends and “critical” secondary access to any subdivision, said Daniel Berlant, assistant deputy director with Cal Fire’s Office of the State Fire Marshal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most of the road systems that California communities like Glendale rely on were built before the widespread use of the standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also building codes that regulate room capacity and emergency exits, said wildfire evacuations expert Tom Cova. The same consideration should be applied to road infrastructure in communities, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re gonna see a lot of bad things happen, I think … before we do something for communities that we did for buildings,” said Cova, director of the University of Utah’s Center for Natural and Technological Hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Cova and other experts see road capacity as just one element of a healthy evacuation system. Timely evacuation orders, residents’ willingness to obey them, traffic pinch points at intersections beyond the community and many other factors can also be a matter of life and death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And road capacities can be sufficient, Cova said, if evacuations are gradual or limited. It’s when everyone tries to leave at once that escape routes are quickly overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘There Were Just So Many People’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Malibu transplant Kassidy Jones, 40, said that’s exactly what happened when he and his family fled their home in the city’s Corral Canyon neighborhood the morning of Nov. 9. As \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/woolsey-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Woolsey Fire\u003c/a> bore down, they packed two cars full of belongings and drove south down the windy, two-lane road to scenic Pacific Coast Highway. At the bottom of the canyon, they found bumper-to-bumper traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think there’s really another way out, especially because the fire was coming down the mountain,” Jones said. “There were just so many people. PCH can’t handle it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Work brought the Texas native to Los Angeles, but he never liked the city much. That’s why he moved his family to the remote neighborhood where his backyard met the sprawling canyon and gave him a glimpse of the Pacific Ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now there he was, stuck in traffic. He couldn’t go north. The flames were coming from that direction — just like in previous fires. Plus, north of Jones, the canyon road eventually empties into a network of hiking trails.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>At the bottom of the canyon, it took 20 minutes to even turn onto the highway, Jones said. He parked one of the vehicles along PCH and planned to leave it there, figuring the fire wouldn’t spread that far. There, Jones rejoined his wife and their children, ages 6 and 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kids became restless as the family’s car crept along the highway for two hours to go just 2 miles. Finally, they stopped at a park to stretch their legs, go to the bathroom and have some snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They watched as the towering smoke plume from the Woolsey Fire changed direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before it was flowing west, then it went south. Our neighborhood was on the eastern edge of where the fire went. Unfortunately, it got our house,” Jones said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where Drivers Could Overwhelm Evacuation Routes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For others like Jones, who choose to live in places prone to fire, whether in remote parts of rural California or in the “urban-wildland interface” that buffers California’s rugged wilderness and dense cities, a similar situation could await.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/bba93f2197404969a0d4a3fa59f659ae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USA TODAY Network-California analysis of populations, fire risk zones and roadways\u003c/a> shows roughly one out of every 100 ZIP codes in California has a population-to-evacuation-route ratio that is near to or worse than that of Paradise and its neighbor, Magalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "“There’s no earthly way you’re moving the entire vacation population out of the basin all at once.”",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Near the top of the list is South Lake Tahoe. The town is relatively isolated, with only a few thoroughfares to facilitate emergency access for firefighting resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, the number of people living in the “very high fire hazard safety zone” per roadway lanes out is almost three times the number for Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interim South Lake Tahoe Fire Department Battalion Chief Jim Drennan said he wasn’t surprised to find out his community is in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/bf00185ed887421388358ed8145fe423\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one of the most precarious fire evacuation locations in the state\u003c/a>, given the small number of roads in and out of the Tahoe Basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drennan said that since Paradise burned, he hears the same question from people on a nearly daily basis: What are they going to do if a major fire breaks out? Evacuation plans fall primarily to police, he said, but his fire department is one of several agencies trying to plan for what feels like a looming threat. The fire department and other public safety agencies in the area are “on super high alert,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mindset here is: There’s no earthly way you’re moving the entire vacation population out of the basin all at once,” Drennan said. “If you have just one quirk, you’re going to end up with a lot of people stuck on the roads.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The previous fire chief there wrote in a 2018 op-ed that it’s not a question of “if” but “when” a major fire will hit the area, and he pointed out the limited evacuation routes as a major concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police, fire and city officials held a public meeting April 25, specifically to discuss fire preparedness and evacuation planning, partly in response to the anxiety many have expressed to him and others, Drennan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743357\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11743357\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS34317_Camp-Fire-aerials_1204-1-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view at the edge of the Camp Fire one month later. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The analysis identified some places in California where fires have already combined with jammed roadways, killing drivers attempting to flee. Paradise and its neighbor, Magalia, were among the areas identified as a populous area with limited routes out, and 2018’s Camp Fire proved the point. There, city and county officials had planned on having motorists evacuate using five two-lane roads and one four-lane road leading out of town. But fire forced officials to close three of those routes, further clogging the remaining roads, Paradise Mayor Jody Jones said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cedar Fire, which burned 273,000 acres across the hills of northeastern San Diego in 2003, claimed 10 people trying to flee the blaze in their cars. That fire lashed the densely populated Scripps Ranch area, which has a limited number of roadways that lead to less fire-prone areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Undeterred\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many Californians clearly understand the risks. They’ve lived through wildfire evacuations, or have watched others. But that’s not enough to pry them from the places they love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg Meneshian, 53, is one. He’s rebuilding the Bell Canyon home destroyed last year by the Woolsey Fire. There’s only one access point in his neighborhood of 750.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meneshian moved to the gated, equestrian-oriented community just west of the bustling San Fernando Valley about five years ago. The sense of community he felt the night he evacuated, he said, is just more reason for him and his two daughters, 10 and 12, to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking northwest from his driveway on the night of Nov. 8 he could see flames in the canyon. He and his neighbors met on the street in front of his home trying to figure out what they should do, Meneshian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were looking to me for answers as if I lived through this before,” Meneshian said. But he was in disbelief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He woke up the girls and told them to pack a bag for a week. The power had been flickering on and off, and Meneshian knew that meant it was time to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike Jones, whose wife had gotten an evacuation alert, Meneshian left before anyone told him to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was dark and smoky with nothing but the pockets of fire visible in the canyon, Meneshian said. Vehicles raced down his hilly street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was really a scramble for our lives,” Meneshian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’d find out the next day his home was destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the self-proclaimed “nostalgic guy” likes the sense of togetherness in Bell Canyon, where the closest store is 30 minutes away so sometimes borrowing from a neighbor is usually the better bet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The limited escape routes, he thinks, are just something to be aware of: “It’s probably a deterrent for some people (moving) in,” he said. “But it shouldn’t be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘You Have to Make These Investments’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Before Paradise burned, there were already signs of problems with evacuation routes during major wildfires, said Assemblywoman Laura Friedman, whose district includes Glendale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2017 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tubbs-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tubbs Fire\u003c/a> in Santa Rosa, which killed 22 people and destroyed more than 5,600 structures, raised alarms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Afterward, Friedman and her staff talked with academics about the lessons learned, and she introduced Assembly Bill 2911, which then-Gov. Jerry Brown signed into law in 2018. Among other things, AB 2911 requires that subdivisions with only one exit route, located in very high hazard zones for wildfire, undergo an assessment. The bill calls for developing safety recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State fire officials should begin the surveys around July 1, 2021, and continue every five years after.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman’s bill is likely to have an impact back in her district. In Glendale’s 2008 emergency plan, bold, capitalized letters call attention to the Oakmont Woods and Whiting Woods communities and their single-access roads. Both are within the state’s very high hazard zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any city that has those conditions could benefit, and certainly it could be a legislative wake-up call to not only identify these areas but (to signal that) you have to make these investments to make the cities safer,” Friedman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman hopes for more state funding for the assessments. She sees reason for optimism in Gov. Gavin Newsom’s declaration of a state of emergency ahead of the traditional wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there’s no unified approach to dealing with California’s wildfire evacuation problem, Friedman’s bill calling for assessments to begin two years from now is not the only potential improvement underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Newsom fast-tracked 35 priority projects to remove years of dry, built-up vegetation and create fuel breaks for emergency routes. Those follow an effort by Caltrans since 2016 to remove dead and dying trees from state roadways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11743358\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11743358\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS33843_Image-from-iOS-1-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cars abandoned on the side of the road during the evacuation of Paradise. \u003ccite>(Sonja Hutson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>More Than Just Lanes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cova, the wildfire evacuations expert, said 25 years ago he became preoccupied with the idea that road congestion was the problem. But through his research he also learned it’s more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The direction the roads let out is also important. In most fire-prone areas officials know what historically contributes to large wildfires, such as Santa Ana or Diablo winds, and can plan to build roads in a direction those gusts are unlikely to push the fire, Cova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an emergency, Cova said traffic routing and control makes a big difference. That can be especially important at the points where evacuation routes hit other roads. The Malibu example, where so many roads empty onto PCH, is apt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The road issues are important because so many other human factors may decrease the amount of time people have to evacuate, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What really causes the problem is when you have too many people leaving in too little a time,” Cova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can take officials a while to order evacuations. And residents often hesitate, contemplating whether they should leave, and then take time packing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Malibu, Jones’ wife got an evacuation alert on her phone at 6 a.m. Sheriff’s officials came around on a loudspeaker at 7 a.m. It was around 8 a.m. when Jones actually left.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To speed things up, Cova encourages residents to have a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11622223/heres-what-you-should-have-in-your-emergency-bag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">go bag\u003c/a> with medications, important paperwork, photographs and other irreplaceable items. And they should have a plan to round up pets, since critical time can be lost chasing dogs and locating cats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being prepared to leave at a moment’s notice is a good idea,” Cova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>‘Destined to Burn’ is a collaborative story package by journalists from USA TODAY Network-California, McClatchy, Media News and The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Damon Arthur of the Redding Record Searchlight contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration’s\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreoffshoreoilhold\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> offshore drilling plans are on hold,\u003c/a> thanks to a federal judge and intense community opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has been planning to open up over 90% of all federal waters to oil and gas exploration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After U.S. District Judge Sharon Gleason\u003ca href=\"https://www.alaskapublic.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/80-Order-granting-MSJ-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> issued a ruling\u003c/a> that reinstated Obama-era offshore drilling bans in the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, recently confirmed Interior Secretary David Bernhardt said the court process “may be discombobulating to our plan.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next time I’m lucky enough to be surfing while looking out at an untainted horizon, the word “discombobulating” will no doubt pop into my head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enjoy the weekend!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Climate scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estimate\u003c/a> that the oceans have absorbed some 90 percent of the Earth’s warming in recent decades, which is why we’re seeing signs of climate change there first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11735659' label='More Coverage From KQED']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that warming is impacting the livelihoods of California crabbers squeezed at both ends of the annual season by delays. A dangerous neurotoxin called domoic acid, emitted by algae blooms in warming waters, has been showing up in large concentrations in crabs and shellfish, and has caused delays in three of the last four crabbing seasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ocean conditions also led to a spike in whale entanglements, resulting in a legal settlement that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11735659/california-dungeness-crab-fishery-to-close-three-months-early-to-protect-whales\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">closed the season early this year\u003c/a> and will see it shut four months early in coming years as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortened seasons have made it hard for crabbers to hold on to crews, which are essential to a thriving fishery. Boats often sit idle for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s Happening Off the Pacific Coast?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 2013, a large pool of warm water \u003ca href=\"https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/02/space-map-pacific-blob/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">appeared\u003c/a> off the Pacific Coast, which scientists took to calling “the blob.” Warm currents are normal in the region, but this was a large and spreading mass of water that measured up to 7 degrees warmer than average ocean temperatures at different points. By early 2015 it had spread from Alaska to Mexico. Scientists were perplexed, but eventually figured out what was going on … sort of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a combination of factors: warming oceans, melting sea ice and a lack of wind, caused by what they called a \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/press-releases/2016/04/01/pr-drought-patterns-change-040116/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“ridiculously resilient [atmospheric] ridge.”\u003c/a> This is where it gets \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/articles/theblob.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">even more complicated\u003c/a>: Scientists are still unsure whether the ridge caused the blob or vice versa, or whether they were just two anomalies occurring at the same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741928\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Sea lions crowd the docks at Crescent City. Warming waters have also impacted them, reducing their food source and exposing them to dangerous levels of domoic acid, a neurotoxin. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sea lions crowd the docks at Crescent City. Warming waters have also impacted them, reducing their food source and exposing them to dangerous levels of domoic acid, a neurotoxin. \u003ccite>(Amy Westervelt/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The net result was the same: The blob kept spreading, and the ocean’s upwelling — a process that churns up cold water and nutrients from the depths to the surface — had been interrupted. Without upwelling there wasn’t much phytoplankton, and without phytoplankton there was less krill than usual. And less of several other small fish, too. That meant marine mammals were \u003ca href=\"https://www.hakaimagazine.com/news/hypothesis-confirmed-sea-lion-mass-deaths-caused-malnutrition/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">going hungry\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the blob sparked an enormous bloom of a particular type of algae that emits a potent neurotoxin, domoic acid. Crabs and various other shellfish are tested for their domoic acid content before the start of each fishing season, and if they test above 30 parts per million, the opening is delayed. That’s precisely what happened in 2015. The Nov. 15 opener came and went, then December, January and February, and finally the crab season opened March 26, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fishing Season Delays Hit Crabbers Especially Hard\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had just bought our first house, so taken on the biggest debt of our lives, and then the domoic acid shutdown happened,” says Ben Platt, who lives in the Sonoma County town of Windsor but fishes out of Crescent City, up by the California-Oregon border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt grew up fishing with his dad at Point Arena in Mendocino County. “My brother and I started fishing in the summers, salmon trolling with our dad, when we were about 9 years old,” he says. “They used to let you get out of school early to fish. My brother started getting out a month early to work on boats when he was around 12.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt preferred school. He went off to college, then moved to Los Angeles to pursue a music career, but life brought him back to boats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got into drinking and then I went from drinking to drugging and that became a big problem for me,” Platt says. “When I hit bottom I was homeless in Los Angeles. I lived on the streets of L.A. I was in and out of jail and in a lot of trouble. And in my last day there I almost died. I got in a fight and got stabbed and I almost bled out. So that was my wake-up call. I ended up following my dad’s suggestion and went back with him to Fort Bragg.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741902\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741902\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-800x927.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"927\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-800x927.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-160x185.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-1020x1182.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-1036x1200.jpg 1036w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-1920x2225.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920.jpg 1767w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ben Platt lives in the Sonoma County town of Windsor but fishes out of Crescent City near the California-Oregon border. \u003ccite>(Amy Westervelt/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He started fishing with his dad again on day passes from rehab, and then after about a year his dad died suddenly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I moved into town at that point with a year clean and sober to help my stepmom out,” Platt says. “And so I was like, well, there’s this leaky old skiff with an outboard motor that doesn’t run very well, and a trailer and a little pickup truck. And so I tried it and did well, and then I actually sank that first boat and was fishing out of a kayak for a while with a friend of mine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt says it was like sport fishing, but he was making money out of it. He eventually bought a Boston Whaler with a bigger engine and rented a little alley house in Fort Bragg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s happening lately, three out of the last four years, with our crews is we’re asking these guys to sit around and either make no money or very little money doing part-time jobs, but they have to be on call for when the season does start,” Platt says. “So it’s really hard for them to work, and our boats are sitting idle for three, four, five months at a time now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most crabbers have permits for at least one other fishery, usually two or three, and Platt’s no different. But he says the delayed crab seasons are impacting other seasons, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We crabbed that [2014-2015] year until the very end of the season, which in District 10 is June 30. And then it takes a couple of weeks to get your gear. We had to check our gear back home, break it all down, stack it,” Platt says. “So by the time we got salmon trolling it was already middle of August, so essentially salmon season was just about over by the time we started.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt says most crabbers want to be wrapping up their seasons by late March at the latest, but that’s been tough in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to be done with your crab season before we even started on these domoic acid years,” he says. “So last year we didn’t start until Feb. 7, or something like that. This year we started Jan. 22 up here. You can’t get a full crab season and a full salmon season, or if you’re a shrimper, you can’t get a full crab season and a full shrimp season. And so, yeah, the domoic acid thing, it throws everything off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt says the downtime has been hard on his crew, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know we can’t keep good crews, which are essential to doing well with these fisheries, if we can’t keep them employed essentially year-round,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The domoic acid closures prompted the crabbers’ trade association — the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations (PCFFA) — to file a suit last year against the world’s largest oil companies. Crabbers allege that oil companies knew their product contributed to climate change, yet failed to adequately warn the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, Chevron spokesman Sean Comey wrote, “It’s always regrettable to be in a legal dispute with a customer, especially considering how much diesel the fishing fleets purchase.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741926\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741926\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"On his new, larger boat crabber Ben Platt will fish for albacore in addition to crab.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On his new larger boat, crabber Ben Platt will fish for albacore in addition to crab. \u003ccite>(Amy Westervelt/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was the same issue many crabbers, including Platt, had with the case when they first heard about it. “You know, my initial reaction was just like a lot of other fishermen. It’s like, well I have a diesel engine in my boat. So why would I want to sue a fossil fuel company?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after digging into the history of oil industry-funded strategies around climate change, Platt changed his mind, along with many of his colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I think what it boils down to for me is that I’ve done everything I could do as a fossil fuel-burning boat operator commercial fisherman to minimize my carbon footprint,” Platt says. “We’re doing whatever we can, but there’s only so much that we can do. We’re not the fossil fuel companies, we’re not the big energy companies. We’re not scientists. We can’t figure out how to make a hydrogen cell or something that’ll power our boats. You know, we’re just using what’s available.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite all the turmoil, Platt isn’t giving up on the ocean anytime soon. He’s in the midst of building a bigger boat, and this summer he’ll head up to Oregon, Washington and Canada, where warmer waters are making for great tuna fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can hear more of this story in \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/coming-soon-hot-water-a-new-drilled-series/id1439735906?i=1000434030888\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Season 2\u003c/a> of the podcast Drilled, which launched on April 22, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Warmer water off the Pacific Coast has led to algae blooms that produce large concentrations of domoic acid, a dangerous neurotoxin, in crabs and shellfish, resulting in delayed crab seasons.",
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"title": "West Coast Crabbers Grapple With Climate Change | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Climate scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estimate\u003c/a> that the oceans have absorbed some 90 percent of the Earth’s warming in recent decades, which is why we’re seeing signs of climate change there first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that warming is impacting the livelihoods of California crabbers squeezed at both ends of the annual season by delays. A dangerous neurotoxin called domoic acid, emitted by algae blooms in warming waters, has been showing up in large concentrations in crabs and shellfish, and has caused delays in three of the last four crabbing seasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ocean conditions also led to a spike in whale entanglements, resulting in a legal settlement that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11735659/california-dungeness-crab-fishery-to-close-three-months-early-to-protect-whales\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">closed the season early this year\u003c/a> and will see it shut four months early in coming years as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortened seasons have made it hard for crabbers to hold on to crews, which are essential to a thriving fishery. Boats often sit idle for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s Happening Off the Pacific Coast?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 2013, a large pool of warm water \u003ca href=\"https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/02/space-map-pacific-blob/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">appeared\u003c/a> off the Pacific Coast, which scientists took to calling “the blob.” Warm currents are normal in the region, but this was a large and spreading mass of water that measured up to 7 degrees warmer than average ocean temperatures at different points. By early 2015 it had spread from Alaska to Mexico. Scientists were perplexed, but eventually figured out what was going on … sort of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a combination of factors: warming oceans, melting sea ice and a lack of wind, caused by what they called a \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/press-releases/2016/04/01/pr-drought-patterns-change-040116/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“ridiculously resilient [atmospheric] ridge.”\u003c/a> This is where it gets \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/articles/theblob.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">even more complicated\u003c/a>: Scientists are still unsure whether the ridge caused the blob or vice versa, or whether they were just two anomalies occurring at the same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741928\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Sea lions crowd the docks at Crescent City. Warming waters have also impacted them, reducing their food source and exposing them to dangerous levels of domoic acid, a neurotoxin. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Crescent-City-Harbor-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sea lions crowd the docks at Crescent City. Warming waters have also impacted them, reducing their food source and exposing them to dangerous levels of domoic acid, a neurotoxin. \u003ccite>(Amy Westervelt/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The net result was the same: The blob kept spreading, and the ocean’s upwelling — a process that churns up cold water and nutrients from the depths to the surface — had been interrupted. Without upwelling there wasn’t much phytoplankton, and without phytoplankton there was less krill than usual. And less of several other small fish, too. That meant marine mammals were \u003ca href=\"https://www.hakaimagazine.com/news/hypothesis-confirmed-sea-lion-mass-deaths-caused-malnutrition/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">going hungry\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the blob sparked an enormous bloom of a particular type of algae that emits a potent neurotoxin, domoic acid. Crabs and various other shellfish are tested for their domoic acid content before the start of each fishing season, and if they test above 30 parts per million, the opening is delayed. That’s precisely what happened in 2015. The Nov. 15 opener came and went, then December, January and February, and finally the crab season opened March 26, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fishing Season Delays Hit Crabbers Especially Hard\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had just bought our first house, so taken on the biggest debt of our lives, and then the domoic acid shutdown happened,” says Ben Platt, who lives in the Sonoma County town of Windsor but fishes out of Crescent City, up by the California-Oregon border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt grew up fishing with his dad at Point Arena in Mendocino County. “My brother and I started fishing in the summers, salmon trolling with our dad, when we were about 9 years old,” he says. “They used to let you get out of school early to fish. My brother started getting out a month early to work on boats when he was around 12.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt preferred school. He went off to college, then moved to Los Angeles to pursue a music career, but life brought him back to boats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got into drinking and then I went from drinking to drugging and that became a big problem for me,” Platt says. “When I hit bottom I was homeless in Los Angeles. I lived on the streets of L.A. I was in and out of jail and in a lot of trouble. And in my last day there I almost died. I got in a fight and got stabbed and I almost bled out. So that was my wake-up call. I ended up following my dad’s suggestion and went back with him to Fort Bragg.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741902\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741902\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-800x927.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"927\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-800x927.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-160x185.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-1020x1182.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-1036x1200.jpg 1036w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920-1920x2225.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/BenPlatt-1920.jpg 1767w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ben Platt lives in the Sonoma County town of Windsor but fishes out of Crescent City near the California-Oregon border. \u003ccite>(Amy Westervelt/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He started fishing with his dad again on day passes from rehab, and then after about a year his dad died suddenly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I moved into town at that point with a year clean and sober to help my stepmom out,” Platt says. “And so I was like, well, there’s this leaky old skiff with an outboard motor that doesn’t run very well, and a trailer and a little pickup truck. And so I tried it and did well, and then I actually sank that first boat and was fishing out of a kayak for a while with a friend of mine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt says it was like sport fishing, but he was making money out of it. He eventually bought a Boston Whaler with a bigger engine and rented a little alley house in Fort Bragg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s happening lately, three out of the last four years, with our crews is we’re asking these guys to sit around and either make no money or very little money doing part-time jobs, but they have to be on call for when the season does start,” Platt says. “So it’s really hard for them to work, and our boats are sitting idle for three, four, five months at a time now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most crabbers have permits for at least one other fishery, usually two or three, and Platt’s no different. But he says the delayed crab seasons are impacting other seasons, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We crabbed that [2014-2015] year until the very end of the season, which in District 10 is June 30. And then it takes a couple of weeks to get your gear. We had to check our gear back home, break it all down, stack it,” Platt says. “So by the time we got salmon trolling it was already middle of August, so essentially salmon season was just about over by the time we started.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt says most crabbers want to be wrapping up their seasons by late March at the latest, but that’s been tough in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to be done with your crab season before we even started on these domoic acid years,” he says. “So last year we didn’t start until Feb. 7, or something like that. This year we started Jan. 22 up here. You can’t get a full crab season and a full salmon season, or if you’re a shrimper, you can’t get a full crab season and a full shrimp season. And so, yeah, the domoic acid thing, it throws everything off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Platt says the downtime has been hard on his crew, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know we can’t keep good crews, which are essential to doing well with these fisheries, if we can’t keep them employed essentially year-round,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The domoic acid closures prompted the crabbers’ trade association — the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations (PCFFA) — to file a suit last year against the world’s largest oil companies. Crabbers allege that oil companies knew their product contributed to climate change, yet failed to adequately warn the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, Chevron spokesman Sean Comey wrote, “It’s always regrettable to be in a legal dispute with a customer, especially considering how much diesel the fishing fleets purchase.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741926\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741926\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"On his new, larger boat crabber Ben Platt will fish for albacore in addition to crab.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Ben-Platt-New-Boat-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On his new larger boat, crabber Ben Platt will fish for albacore in addition to crab. \u003ccite>(Amy Westervelt/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was the same issue many crabbers, including Platt, had with the case when they first heard about it. “You know, my initial reaction was just like a lot of other fishermen. It’s like, well I have a diesel engine in my boat. So why would I want to sue a fossil fuel company?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after digging into the history of oil industry-funded strategies around climate change, Platt changed his mind, along with many of his colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I think what it boils down to for me is that I’ve done everything I could do as a fossil fuel-burning boat operator commercial fisherman to minimize my carbon footprint,” Platt says. “We’re doing whatever we can, but there’s only so much that we can do. We’re not the fossil fuel companies, we’re not the big energy companies. We’re not scientists. We can’t figure out how to make a hydrogen cell or something that’ll power our boats. You know, we’re just using what’s available.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite all the turmoil, Platt isn’t giving up on the ocean anytime soon. He’s in the midst of building a bigger boat, and this summer he’ll head up to Oregon, Washington and Canada, where warmer waters are making for great tuna fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can hear more of this story in \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/coming-soon-hot-water-a-new-drilled-series/id1439735906?i=1000434030888\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Season 2\u003c/a> of the podcast Drilled, which launched on April 22, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sarah Enemark of Contra Costa County says she doesn’t travel often, but when she does, she typically forgets to bring her own toiletries. So on a recent weekend, chatting outside the bustling lobby of the Hyatt Regency in Sacramento, she sang the praises of those tiny hotel room amenities that so many travelers take for granted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s nice that the hotels care enough about me to give me shampoo, conditioner and body lotion,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those little extras, however, have become the next target in California’s effort to cut down on single-use plastic products. A bill working its way through the state Legislature would force hotels across California to rid rooms of the miniature toiletries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1162\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Assembly Bill 1162\u003c/a> would ban hotels, resorts and other vacation rentals from doling out shampoos, creams and other amenities in small plastic bottles by Jan. 1, 2023. Rentals would have to replace the sample-sized products with dispensers or bottles larger than 12 ounces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are addicted to plastic as a society,” said Democratic Assemblyman Ash Kalra of San Jose, the bill’s author. “I do hope my colleagues view this as a commonsense piece of legislation that once again puts us forward as leaders when it comes to trying to reduce our plastic consumption and leaders on issues of the environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalra said he recently stayed at a hotel in San Francisco that used larger bottles instead of small personal plastic bottles. Guests at the hotel could also purchase the luxury bath products in the lobby, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some critics have seized on the shampoo bill as yet another example of California-style nanny-state meddling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/AHMalcolm/status/1117269338795364354\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others, including the Personal Care Products Council, say the ban could create missed sales opportunities for some companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AB 1162 will impact personal care product manufacturers significantly, including small and medium-sized companies that may be re-packers or distributors,” the trade industry organization stated in a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/AB-1162-Kalra-Oppose-1.docx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">letter of opposition\u003c/a>. “These companies may purchase the product, re-package it and then in some cases license the brand names for use in hotels or lodging establishments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='large' align='right' citation='Democratic Assemblyman Ash Kalra of San Jose']‘We are addicted to plastic as a society.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Hotel Lodging Association isn’t officially opposed to the bill but has asked that it be amended to allow hotels more time to make the switch. The organization wants the bill to go into effect Jan. 1, 2025, for hotels with more than 50 rooms and 2026 for those with fewer than 50 rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalra called the ban on small plastic bottles “low hanging fruit.” He said he spoke to industry leaders before authoring the bill to ensure a smooth transition. He pointed to other industries that already use dispensers like those seen at gyms. He also said there’s a shift happening at the corporate level. Marriott International began implementing the change at hotels in April last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marriott has presented the shift as part of the company’s plan to be more sustainable. Dispensers have been implemented at nearly 500 hotels in North America, a company spokesperson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the change, the average-sized Marriott Hotel with 140 rooms will save more than 23,000 small bottles or about 250 pounds of plastic per year, according to the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some smaller mom-and-pop establishments have already adopted the switch as well. Jen Hagglof, who owns a historic bed and breakfast in south Santa Cruz County, said her commitment to reducing plastic waste led her and her husband to donate the miniature toiletries in their establishment to the local homeless shelter and replace them with larger shampoo, conditioner and lotion dispensers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From afar, she said, the beach near their Aptos home is clean, but closer up, plastic remnants from single-use water bottles strew the landscape — a problem so unsightly that when she walks her dog, she carries bags to collect the litter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t even consider using single-use plastics and we don’t use plastic water bottles like some hotels,” she said. “We immediately got refillable dispensers with eco-friendly products.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since more and more plastic lands in the ocean, Santa Cruz county has already passed a similar ordinance and, according to officials, is the first county nationwide to adopt the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small bottles will be banned from hotels in the county Dec. 31, 2020, to give rentals time to adjust to the change. Kalra said the Santa Cruz ordinance is being used as a model for implementation at the state level. Santa Cruz County Supervisor Zach Friend, who proposed the policy last year, said plastic waste can disrupt the local economy — which relies on natural beauty to entice visitors from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people here want to be sustainable,” Friend said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Personal Care Products Council']‘AB 1162 will impact personal care product manufacturers significantly, including small and medium-sized companies that may be re-packers or distributors.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure passed unanimously when it was introduced in November. Friend said California can be a leader on sustainable efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re obviously encouraged by how quickly it’s moving into a statewide effort,” Friend said. “I don’t think we can expect the federal government to be leading the way on a lot of these issues anytime soon and so you’ll really mostly see the solutions at the local and state government level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sacramento, hotel guest Enemark says she’d be really upset if hotels banned the free products entirely, but a larger bottle would be acceptable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d be great with dispensers,” she said. “They can do whatever they want as long as they don’t take it away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Hotel Lodging Association isn’t officially opposed to the bill but has asked that it be amended to allow hotels more time to make the switch. The organization wants the bill to go into effect Jan. 1, 2025, for hotels with more than 50 rooms and 2026 for those with fewer than 50 rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalra called the ban on small plastic bottles “low hanging fruit.” He said he spoke to industry leaders before authoring the bill to ensure a smooth transition. He pointed to other industries that already use dispensers like those seen at gyms. He also said there’s a shift happening at the corporate level. Marriott International began implementing the change at hotels in April last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marriott has presented the shift as part of the company’s plan to be more sustainable. Dispensers have been implemented at nearly 500 hotels in North America, a company spokesperson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the change, the average-sized Marriott Hotel with 140 rooms will save more than 23,000 small bottles or about 250 pounds of plastic per year, according to the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some smaller mom-and-pop establishments have already adopted the switch as well. Jen Hagglof, who owns a historic bed and breakfast in south Santa Cruz County, said her commitment to reducing plastic waste led her and her husband to donate the miniature toiletries in their establishment to the local homeless shelter and replace them with larger shampoo, conditioner and lotion dispensers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From afar, she said, the beach near their Aptos home is clean, but closer up, plastic remnants from single-use water bottles strew the landscape — a problem so unsightly that when she walks her dog, she carries bags to collect the litter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t even consider using single-use plastics and we don’t use plastic water bottles like some hotels,” she said. “We immediately got refillable dispensers with eco-friendly products.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since more and more plastic lands in the ocean, Santa Cruz county has already passed a similar ordinance and, according to officials, is the first county nationwide to adopt the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small bottles will be banned from hotels in the county Dec. 31, 2020, to give rentals time to adjust to the change. Kalra said the Santa Cruz ordinance is being used as a model for implementation at the state level. Santa Cruz County Supervisor Zach Friend, who proposed the policy last year, said plastic waste can disrupt the local economy — which relies on natural beauty to entice visitors from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people here want to be sustainable,” Friend said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area has a lot to be thankful for (and protect) right here in our own backyard. Happy Earth Day!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've done\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11733646/salt-marsh-development-dreams-return\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> plenty\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11731648/hurry-up-and-go-extinct-already\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cartoons\u003c/a> about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11709116/creepy-crawly-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">environmental\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11688683/the-last-straw-for-straws\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">destruction\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11685657/megafires-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">climate problems\u003c/a> we face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in a while it's important to look around, smile and remember what an incredible environment we have all around us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's amazing and we love it. That's why we need to protect it. (Not to mention saving our own skins.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to acknowledging the pessimistic side, my apologies to the less traditionally awe-inspiring species that were not included in this cartoon, even though their contribution to our Bay Area environment is tremendous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm talking to you, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11475451/how-the-biggest-animal-on-earth-got-so-big\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">krill.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Bay Area has a lot to be thankful for (and protect) right here in our own backyard. Happy Earth Day!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've done\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11733646/salt-marsh-development-dreams-return\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> plenty\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11731648/hurry-up-and-go-extinct-already\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cartoons\u003c/a> about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11709116/creepy-crawly-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">environmental\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11688683/the-last-straw-for-straws\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">destruction\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11685657/megafires-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">climate problems\u003c/a> we face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in a while it's important to look around, smile and remember what an incredible environment we have all around us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's amazing and we love it. That's why we need to protect it. (Not to mention saving our own skins.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to acknowledging the pessimistic side, my apologies to the less traditionally awe-inspiring species that were not included in this cartoon, even though their contribution to our Bay Area environment is tremendous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm talking to you, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11475451/how-the-biggest-animal-on-earth-got-so-big\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">krill.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
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