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"content": "\u003cp>In the small city of Clovis northeast of Fresno, high school students are protesting their district’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/27/will-boys-in-clovis-unified-be-allowed-to-grow-hair-past-their-earlobes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision not to update\u003c/a> its controversial, decades-old dress code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The code \u003ca href=\"http://cusd.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Administrative-Regulation-2105.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">forbids boys\u003c/a> from wearing earrings or keeping their hair below their earlobes. A proposed update would have set the same standards around hair and jewelry for both boys and girls, and would have removed language saying skirts and dresses are for girls. Last Wednesday, Clovis Unified trustees voted 4-3 against updating the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous students at Buchanan High responded to that decision by defying gender norms with their outfits, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/education/article57827983.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Fresno Bee reports\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Buchanan High School senior Patrick Smart wore a dress for the first time last week. His classmate, Emma Sledd, wore a collared men’s shirt to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason we switched gender norms for the day was to make the statement that what we wear does not define us as students,” Sledd said. “Our district’s dress code should not favor or discriminate any gender. We believe everyone should be able to express themselves equally. A boy with long hair is no less of a hard worker than a girl with long hair.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Sledd, a senior, was joined by a few of her female classmates in wearing stereotypically boyish attire, and tweeted: “If we can dress like them, they can dress like us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"//storify.com/kqednews/clovis-students-protest-dress-code/embed?border=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"no\" allowtransparency=\"true\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes to the Clovis Unified dress code were proposed not long after Buchanan High student William Pleasant’s claims last summer that he’d been prevented from enrolling for his senior year because his hair extended past his earlobes and shirt collar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pleasant \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/article31136987.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrote a letter to the Fresno Bee\u003c/a> about the dress code. His family got in touch with the ACLU, which argued to Clovis Unified officials that the dress code violates state laws against gender discrimination because it has different standards for boys and girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”bka813SQQ8sHcNCGQHEkVwkRIH5iIpLD”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/blog/stuck-gender-rut-clovis-school-refuses-bring-dress-code-line-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blog post\u003c/a> responding to the district’s decision to leave the dress code in place, ACLU staff attorney Abre’ Conner writes that Clovis Unified has “defied reason and the law” in refusing to update the dress code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has also tangled with the ACLU because it \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/26/127740/aclu-forced-clovis-school-district-fix-sex-education\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">taught abstinence-only sex education\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/02/native-american-student-sues-for-right-to-wear-eagle-feather-to-graduation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">denied a Native American student’s request\u003c/a> to wear an eagle feather in his graduation cap.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the small city of Clovis northeast of Fresno, high school students are protesting their district’s \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/27/will-boys-in-clovis-unified-be-allowed-to-grow-hair-past-their-earlobes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision not to update\u003c/a> its controversial, decades-old dress code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The code \u003ca href=\"http://cusd.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Administrative-Regulation-2105.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">forbids boys\u003c/a> from wearing earrings or keeping their hair below their earlobes. A proposed update would have set the same standards around hair and jewelry for both boys and girls, and would have removed language saying skirts and dresses are for girls. Last Wednesday, Clovis Unified trustees voted 4-3 against updating the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous students at Buchanan High responded to that decision by defying gender norms with their outfits, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/education/article57827983.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Fresno Bee reports\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Buchanan High School senior Patrick Smart wore a dress for the first time last week. His classmate, Emma Sledd, wore a collared men’s shirt to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason we switched gender norms for the day was to make the statement that what we wear does not define us as students,” Sledd said. “Our district’s dress code should not favor or discriminate any gender. We believe everyone should be able to express themselves equally. A boy with long hair is no less of a hard worker than a girl with long hair.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Sledd, a senior, was joined by a few of her female classmates in wearing stereotypically boyish attire, and tweeted: “If we can dress like them, they can dress like us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"//storify.com/kqednews/clovis-students-protest-dress-code/embed?border=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"no\" allowtransparency=\"true\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes to the Clovis Unified dress code were proposed not long after Buchanan High student William Pleasant’s claims last summer that he’d been prevented from enrolling for his senior year because his hair extended past his earlobes and shirt collar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pleasant \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/article31136987.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrote a letter to the Fresno Bee\u003c/a> about the dress code. His family got in touch with the ACLU, which argued to Clovis Unified officials that the dress code violates state laws against gender discrimination because it has different standards for boys and girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/blog/stuck-gender-rut-clovis-school-refuses-bring-dress-code-line-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blog post\u003c/a> responding to the district’s decision to leave the dress code in place, ACLU staff attorney Abre’ Conner writes that Clovis Unified has “defied reason and the law” in refusing to update the dress code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has also tangled with the ACLU because it \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/26/127740/aclu-forced-clovis-school-district-fix-sex-education\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">taught abstinence-only sex education\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/02/native-american-student-sues-for-right-to-wear-eagle-feather-to-graduation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">denied a Native American student’s request\u003c/a> to wear an eagle feather in his graduation cap.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Vallejo High School teacher Lewis Brown starts his morning government class with a question of the day that takes advantage of newly assigned iPads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today is the one-year anniversary of the French magazine terrorist assassination,” Brown says. “What was the name of the magazine?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seniors type on their tablets. In seconds, 17-year-old SioFilisi Anitoni answers from the back row, “Mr. Brown, Charlie Hebdo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vallejo City Unified School District is using increased state funds to assign iPads to each of its roughly 1,000 high school students. The district, in a working-class community in Solano County, is also hoping to improve classroom learning by raising teacher salaries and spending more than $2.5 million on new computer and science labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848965\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10848965\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-800x575.jpg\" alt=\"Vallejo High School teacher Lewis Brown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"575\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-800x575.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-400x287.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-768x552.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-1440x1034.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-1180x848.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-960x690.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vallejo High School teacher Lewis Brown. \u003ccite>(Robert Durell/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Up and down California, public schools are enjoying a rapid rise in state funding. With the state’s economic gains and a temporary tax increase approved by voters in 2012, Gov. Jerry Brown’s proposed \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/\">$71.6 billion education budget\u003c/a> for the next fiscal year is up more than 50 percent since 2011. Spending per student has increased more than $3,800 to a projected $14,550 this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools that handed out tens of thousands of pink slips in the depths of the recession are now scrambling to find qualified teachers, a problem driven in part by low recruitment and high turnover. Teachers are receiving raises and schools are offering signing bonuses. Counselors, librarians and other support staff are being added, along with new textbooks and technology equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10848914 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-800x655.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Brown’s proposed $71.6 billion education budget for the next fiscal year is up more than 50 percent since 2011. \" width=\"800\" height=\"655\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-800x655.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-400x328.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-768x629.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-1440x1180.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-1180x967.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-960x787.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Brown’s proposed $71.6 billion education budget for the next fiscal year is up more than 50 percent since 2011. \u003ccite>(CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The welcome lift has made up much of the hardship that schools suffered in the recession. But California still ranked 41st in the nation for per-pupil spending in 2013, the most recent year available. And looking ahead, educators see financial challenges that are significant enough that they hope to qualify a ballot measure this year to extend some temporary taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters approved temporary income and sales taxes under Proposition 30 in 2012 to generate about $8 billion per year for schools. They will phase out by the end of 2018. At the same time, a recent agreement to pay down more than $67 billion in unfunded debt for teacher pensions is expected to consume about 38 percent of the projected growth in the school budget through 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848970\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10848970\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-800x966.jpg\" alt=\"Kevin Navarro, a senior at Vallejo High School, uses an iPad in class.\" width=\"800\" height=\"966\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-800x966.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-400x483.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-768x928.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-1440x1739.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-1180x1425.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-960x1160.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevin Navarro, a senior at Vallejo High School, uses an iPad in class. \u003ccite>( Robert Durell/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s if the economy stays healthy. If there is a recession, as Brown has warned, budget forecasters say schools could be forced once again to lay off teachers and cut costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are enjoying a couple of brief years of impressive recovery in school funding after many years of deep cuts, but these year-over-year gains are not sustainable over time,” said Jack O’Connell, former state superintendent for public instruction and now a partner at Capitol Advisors Group LLC, at government consulting and lobbying firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at the potential cutoff of Prop. 30 tax revenues and huge growing costs of the retirement debt, schools will see most of their annual increases evaporate,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pension agreement reached by Brown and state lawmakers in 2014 is intended to eliminate the debt in 30 years. It raises pension contributions for teachers and for the state, but only slightly. Most of the obligation was given to school districts, where contributions will more than double from 8.25 percent of their payroll in 2013 to 19.1 percent in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848920\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10848920 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-800x580.jpg\" alt=\"If there is a recession, as Gov. Brown has warned, budget forecasters say schools could be forced once again to lay off teachers and cut costs, especially if Prop. 30 taxes aren't extended in 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-800x580.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-400x290.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-768x557.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-1440x1045.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-1180x856.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-960x697.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">If there is a recession, as Gov. Brown has warned, budget forecasters say schools could be forced once again to lay off teachers and cut costs, especially if Prop. 30 taxes aren't extended in 2019. \u003ccite>(CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In other words, school districts will pay \u003ca href=\"http://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3305#Education\">$3.1 billion\u003c/a> more to the pension system in the 2019-20 fiscal year than they do today, while the minimum school budget guaranteed by Proposition 98 is projected to be about $8.3 billion higher in that same year, according to projections by the Legislative Analyst’s Office, the Legislature’s nonpartisan budget analyst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If California slips back into recession, the legislative analyst warned that the pension obligations could grow faster than school budgets, likely forcing districts to cut elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some also worry that California’s pension plan relies on robust returns. It assumes an annual 7.5 percent investment return in a system that has earned 7.8 percent over 20 years. If the pension system only yields 7 percent, the plan could fall \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstrs.com/report/sustaining-retirement-security-future-generations-funding-california-state-teachers\">20 percent short of the goal\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstrs.com/report/sustaining-retirement-security-future-generations-funding-california-state-teachers\">to eliminate the debt by 2046\u003c/a>, according to the California State Teachers’ Retirement System.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/21/Jerry-Brown-Delivers-State-of-State\" target=\"_blank\">2016 State of the State address\u003c/a>, Brown said “it is our moral obligation” to chip away at $220 billion in outstanding debt for teacher pensions as well as retiree health care and pension benefits for all state workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each year, the budget must allocate billions to slowly chip away at these obligations,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern about funding comes as California is implementing a set of new policies to improve academic outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lagging performance of low-income, Latino and African-American students is stark. In the state’s most recent batch of standardized tests, less than one in four low-income or Latino children and less than one in five African-American children scored high enough to be considered proficient in math. About half of white students and more than two-thirds of Asian students measured as proficient on the same test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Brown, California has dramatically changed how it allocates money by giving every school a base grant, with additional funds for each student who is low income, an English learner or a foster child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan -- known as the \u003ca href=\"http://edsource.org/publications/local-control-funding-formula-guide\">Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF)\u003c/a> -- gives considerable discretion to districts about how they spend the money. They are also not required to report their spending choices to the state, raising concern among some lawmakers about whether the money will benefit the intended students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848988\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10848988 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-800x495.jpg\" alt=\"Emily Colon, a first grader at Bixby Elementary School in Long Beach, navigates computer coding. LCFF funds are being used to create and support a robotics/computer coding program for students as young as Kindergarten.\" width=\"800\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-800x495.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-400x247.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-768x475.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-1440x890.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-1180x730.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-960x594.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emily Colon, a first-grader at Bixby Elementary School in Long Beach, navigates computer coding. LCFF funds are being used to create and support a robotics/computer coding program for students as young as kindergarten. \u003ccite>(Nancy Pastor/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“How it will play out is the biggest question,” said Assemblywoman Shirley Weber (D-San Diego), a former school board member and chair of the Assembly Budget Committee. “Clearly, some money will go into staff development, but it is our hope that it’ll make its way into the classroom and make a difference for our children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lion’s share of increased funding has gone to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ed-data.org/state/CA%20thru%202013-14\">teacher and staff salaries and benefits\u003c/a>, which includes new hires and increased pay and benefits for existing staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally \u003ca href=\"http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d14/tables/dt14_211.60.asp?current=yes\">California ranks among the highest in teacher salaries\u003c/a>, and the California Department of Education reports that the average salary for teachers and some credentialed staff has grown 10.6 percent, from $66,995 in 2008 to $74,090 in 2014. In terms of keeping up with inflation, however, those salaries are just below their purchasing power in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Questions have been raised about how much of the school budget should be allowed for raises. Weber voiced concern last year after state Superintendent of Public Instruction Tom Torlakson declared that money intended for low-income students, English learners and foster children could be used for across-the-board teacher raises. His decision “makes no connection to more equitable (academic) outcomes and use of those funds for salaries,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2015/jun/16/weber-torlakson-local-control-funding-formula/\">Weber wrote\u003c/a> in an editorial on behalf of the Legislative Black Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School officials, including those from disadvantaged communities, say better pay is necessary in order to hire and retain qualified teachers in a state with a high cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the recession, when Vallejo City Unified School District Superintendent Ramona Bishop said the district laid off and furloughed staff, starting credentialed teacher salaries were under $40,000. They are now at $46,475. The top of the scale has gone from $71,855 to $79,756.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bishop says she’s proud to be able to offer $2,000 signing bonuses for math and science teachers and to log three consecutive years of pay increases for teachers in a district where nearly 20 percent of students are English learners and more than 71 percent qualify for free or reduced-priced meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848993\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10848993\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-800x583.jpg\" alt=\"Students take a nutrition break at Vallejo High School on January 7, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-800x583.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-400x291.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-768x560.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-1440x1049.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-1180x860.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-960x700.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students take a nutrition break at Vallejo High School on January 7, 2016. \u003ccite>(Robert Durell/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara Unified School District, a more affluent community that has received limited state increases, chose to use all of its additional funding to provide its 891 teachers a raise. Andrew Lucia, the assistant superintendent for human resources, said after going without salary increases for seven years, the school board approved a 3 percent salary increase in 2013, followed by an 8 percent boost in 2014. There were bonus checks and insurance benefits as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the recent budget increases, however, some school districts say they are still facing difficult financial choices. And in some districts, concern about a possible recession and other financial challenges ahead caused educators to use at least some of their recent increases on one-time expenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown is warning that a downturn is inevitable. To drive home his point, he displayed a chart at his budget press conference in January projecting a $43 billion deficit if the state committed to new spending before a recession. If the state enters a recession, the Legislative Analyst’s Office projects school funding will fall by \u003ca href=\"http://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3305\">$4.6 billion in 2017 and not recover to current levels until 2019\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re being very conservative,” says Long Beach Unified School District Assistant Superintendent Jill Baker. “A lot of it is coming in with one-time funds so we’re thinking about things we couldn’t do before, but not for ongoing expenses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, she said the district is using increased funds to add a training center. The district is also spending $6 million to convert 14 year-round schools back to a traditional schedule to offset the district’s declining enrollment, the primary way schools get funding. The district has lost more than 15,000 students in the past decade. It’s now down to 77,400.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Class sizes haven’t been reduced dramatically. During the recession, Long Beach raised class sizes in kindergarten through third grade to 30-to-1 from 20-to-1. Baker says the ratio is down only to about 26-to-1. Instead, the district invested in updating curriculum, like a computer coding program for students as young as kindergarten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Sacramento suburb, Folsom Cordova Unified School District Superintendent Deborah Bettencourt said the district added licensed family therapists to help middle and high school students struggling with bullying or to cope with chaos at home. Bettencourt says she has no plans to resume daily classroom cleaning by janitors because it’s not as high a priority as improving technology or providing academic support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848996\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10848996 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-800x486.jpg\" alt=\"Dylan Williams, a first grader at Bixby Elementary in Long Beach, navigates computer coding with mindstorm lego robotics in his school computer lab.\" width=\"800\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-800x486.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-400x243.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-768x467.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-1440x875.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-1180x717.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-960x584.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dylan Williams, a first-grader at Bixby Elementary in Long Beach, navigates computer coding with Lego Mindstorms robotics in his school computer lab. \u003ccite>(Nancy Pastor/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District, home to more than 10 percent of the state’s 6.2 million kindergarten through high school students, continues to face structural imbalances despite increased state funding. According to a November \u003ca href=\"http://laschoolreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/LAUSD_IFRP_FINAL_REPORT-110215.pdf\">independent financial report\u003c/a>, the mammoth district is facing declining student enrollment and a long-term deficit that could force the system into bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If voters don’t approve an extension of the temporary taxes on this year’s ballot, John Walsh, the district’s chief financial officer, said Los Angeles will see “a significant hit to the bottom line, no doubt about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Teachers Association, the California Federation of Teachers and the California State PTA -- as well as other public employee unions, hospitals and doctors -- are pushing an \u003ca href=\"https://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0065%20%28Temporary%20Taxes%29.pdf?\">initiative\u003c/a> to stop the scheduled expiration of temporary taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The groups will need to turn in at least 585,000 valid signatures by June 30 to qualify a version of the measure for the November ballot. The proposed measure would extend higher income taxes on individuals earning more than $250,000 a year through 2030. It would let a quarter-cent sales tax in Proposition 30 expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The (economic) crisis going on in China and ripple effect worldwide suggest there is a degree of volatility in the economy we have to consider,” said Joshua Pechthalt, president of the California Federation of Teachers. “What we’re asking is people at the top end of the economic spectrum pay a little bit more. There hasn’t been an exodus of people living in Malibu and Beverly Hills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the tax extension and the economy, the legislative analyst says about $12 billion in annual funding is at stake for schools by 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without the tax extension, Brown’s proposal for a $71.6 billion budget next year will still grow to about $77.5 billion in 2019. In addition to that annual budget, Proposition 98’s complex funding formula is designed to capture an added benefit for schools during an extended strong economy. So if the economy continues as it is, the state would owe another \u003ca href=\"http://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3305\">$6.3 million to schools by 2019\u003c/a> that could be paid over several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/ballot/2015/150492.pdf\">If voters approve the tax extension\u003c/a>, the budget analyst estimates the school funding would grow between $2.5 billion and $5.5 billion, meaning state school funding would be between $80 billion and $83 billion in 2019. Without a tax extension and with a recession, the budget in 2019 is projected to be about $71 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opposition to the tax extension is still developing. Republicans and anti-tax groups have already voiced concern, saying Proposition 30 was intended to help during a fiscal emergency. Now that schools have enjoyed a recovery, they say, temporary taxes should be allowed to expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even Brown, a Democrat, has signaled he isn’t keen on extending taxes. “We ought to look at what’s the capacity of the state, and what’s the willingness of taxpayers to pay more,” Brown said at his January budget proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ppic.org/content/pubs/survey/S_1215MBS.pdf\">An opinion poll\u003c/a> by the Public Policy Institute of California in December found 54 percent of likely voters favor an extension of the taxes, but just 37 percent said they think it is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ballot measure to extend taxes could benefit from the higher voter turnout in a presidential year. But it is always tough to pass a tax increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe Aragon, the mother of a fifth-grader at the underperforming 20\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> Street Elementary School in Los Angeles, said she doesn’t think she’d vote for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is not bringing any more money,” she said. “To a person, the more money you have, the more money you’re going to spend. Are you spending it wisely? That’s the question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://calmatters.org/\">\u003cem>CALmatters.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a nonprofit journalism venture dedicated to explaining state policies and politics. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Vallejo High School teacher Lewis Brown starts his morning government class with a question of the day that takes advantage of newly assigned iPads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today is the one-year anniversary of the French magazine terrorist assassination,” Brown says. “What was the name of the magazine?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seniors type on their tablets. In seconds, 17-year-old SioFilisi Anitoni answers from the back row, “Mr. Brown, Charlie Hebdo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vallejo City Unified School District is using increased state funds to assign iPads to each of its roughly 1,000 high school students. The district, in a working-class community in Solano County, is also hoping to improve classroom learning by raising teacher salaries and spending more than $2.5 million on new computer and science labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848965\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10848965\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-800x575.jpg\" alt=\"Vallejo High School teacher Lewis Brown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"575\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-800x575.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-400x287.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-768x552.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-1440x1034.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-1180x848.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/LewisBrown-960x690.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vallejo High School teacher Lewis Brown. \u003ccite>(Robert Durell/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Up and down California, public schools are enjoying a rapid rise in state funding. With the state’s economic gains and a temporary tax increase approved by voters in 2012, Gov. Jerry Brown’s proposed \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/\">$71.6 billion education budget\u003c/a> for the next fiscal year is up more than 50 percent since 2011. Spending per student has increased more than $3,800 to a projected $14,550 this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools that handed out tens of thousands of pink slips in the depths of the recession are now scrambling to find qualified teachers, a problem driven in part by low recruitment and high turnover. Teachers are receiving raises and schools are offering signing bonuses. Counselors, librarians and other support staff are being added, along with new textbooks and technology equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10848914 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-800x655.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Brown’s proposed $71.6 billion education budget for the next fiscal year is up more than 50 percent since 2011. \" width=\"800\" height=\"655\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-800x655.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-400x328.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-768x629.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-1440x1180.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-1180x967.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/SchoolSpendingGraph-960x787.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Brown’s proposed $71.6 billion education budget for the next fiscal year is up more than 50 percent since 2011. \u003ccite>(CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The welcome lift has made up much of the hardship that schools suffered in the recession. But California still ranked 41st in the nation for per-pupil spending in 2013, the most recent year available. And looking ahead, educators see financial challenges that are significant enough that they hope to qualify a ballot measure this year to extend some temporary taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters approved temporary income and sales taxes under Proposition 30 in 2012 to generate about $8 billion per year for schools. They will phase out by the end of 2018. At the same time, a recent agreement to pay down more than $67 billion in unfunded debt for teacher pensions is expected to consume about 38 percent of the projected growth in the school budget through 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848970\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10848970\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-800x966.jpg\" alt=\"Kevin Navarro, a senior at Vallejo High School, uses an iPad in class.\" width=\"800\" height=\"966\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-800x966.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-400x483.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-768x928.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-1440x1739.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-1180x1425.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ipadDesk-960x1160.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevin Navarro, a senior at Vallejo High School, uses an iPad in class. \u003ccite>( Robert Durell/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s if the economy stays healthy. If there is a recession, as Brown has warned, budget forecasters say schools could be forced once again to lay off teachers and cut costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are enjoying a couple of brief years of impressive recovery in school funding after many years of deep cuts, but these year-over-year gains are not sustainable over time,” said Jack O’Connell, former state superintendent for public instruction and now a partner at Capitol Advisors Group LLC, at government consulting and lobbying firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at the potential cutoff of Prop. 30 tax revenues and huge growing costs of the retirement debt, schools will see most of their annual increases evaporate,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pension agreement reached by Brown and state lawmakers in 2014 is intended to eliminate the debt in 30 years. It raises pension contributions for teachers and for the state, but only slightly. Most of the obligation was given to school districts, where contributions will more than double from 8.25 percent of their payroll in 2013 to 19.1 percent in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848920\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10848920 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-800x580.jpg\" alt=\"If there is a recession, as Gov. Brown has warned, budget forecasters say schools could be forced once again to lay off teachers and cut costs, especially if Prop. 30 taxes aren't extended in 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-800x580.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-400x290.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-768x557.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-1440x1045.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-1180x856.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/EconomySpending-960x697.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">If there is a recession, as Gov. Brown has warned, budget forecasters say schools could be forced once again to lay off teachers and cut costs, especially if Prop. 30 taxes aren't extended in 2019. \u003ccite>(CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In other words, school districts will pay \u003ca href=\"http://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3305#Education\">$3.1 billion\u003c/a> more to the pension system in the 2019-20 fiscal year than they do today, while the minimum school budget guaranteed by Proposition 98 is projected to be about $8.3 billion higher in that same year, according to projections by the Legislative Analyst’s Office, the Legislature’s nonpartisan budget analyst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If California slips back into recession, the legislative analyst warned that the pension obligations could grow faster than school budgets, likely forcing districts to cut elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some also worry that California’s pension plan relies on robust returns. It assumes an annual 7.5 percent investment return in a system that has earned 7.8 percent over 20 years. If the pension system only yields 7 percent, the plan could fall \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstrs.com/report/sustaining-retirement-security-future-generations-funding-california-state-teachers\">20 percent short of the goal\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstrs.com/report/sustaining-retirement-security-future-generations-funding-california-state-teachers\">to eliminate the debt by 2046\u003c/a>, according to the California State Teachers’ Retirement System.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/21/Jerry-Brown-Delivers-State-of-State\" target=\"_blank\">2016 State of the State address\u003c/a>, Brown said “it is our moral obligation” to chip away at $220 billion in outstanding debt for teacher pensions as well as retiree health care and pension benefits for all state workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each year, the budget must allocate billions to slowly chip away at these obligations,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern about funding comes as California is implementing a set of new policies to improve academic outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lagging performance of low-income, Latino and African-American students is stark. In the state’s most recent batch of standardized tests, less than one in four low-income or Latino children and less than one in five African-American children scored high enough to be considered proficient in math. About half of white students and more than two-thirds of Asian students measured as proficient on the same test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Brown, California has dramatically changed how it allocates money by giving every school a base grant, with additional funds for each student who is low income, an English learner or a foster child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan -- known as the \u003ca href=\"http://edsource.org/publications/local-control-funding-formula-guide\">Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF)\u003c/a> -- gives considerable discretion to districts about how they spend the money. They are also not required to report their spending choices to the state, raising concern among some lawmakers about whether the money will benefit the intended students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848988\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10848988 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-800x495.jpg\" alt=\"Emily Colon, a first grader at Bixby Elementary School in Long Beach, navigates computer coding. LCFF funds are being used to create and support a robotics/computer coding program for students as young as Kindergarten.\" width=\"800\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-800x495.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-400x247.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-768x475.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-1440x890.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-1180x730.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GirlsHeadphones-960x594.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emily Colon, a first-grader at Bixby Elementary School in Long Beach, navigates computer coding. LCFF funds are being used to create and support a robotics/computer coding program for students as young as kindergarten. \u003ccite>(Nancy Pastor/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“How it will play out is the biggest question,” said Assemblywoman Shirley Weber (D-San Diego), a former school board member and chair of the Assembly Budget Committee. “Clearly, some money will go into staff development, but it is our hope that it’ll make its way into the classroom and make a difference for our children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lion’s share of increased funding has gone to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ed-data.org/state/CA%20thru%202013-14\">teacher and staff salaries and benefits\u003c/a>, which includes new hires and increased pay and benefits for existing staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally \u003ca href=\"http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d14/tables/dt14_211.60.asp?current=yes\">California ranks among the highest in teacher salaries\u003c/a>, and the California Department of Education reports that the average salary for teachers and some credentialed staff has grown 10.6 percent, from $66,995 in 2008 to $74,090 in 2014. In terms of keeping up with inflation, however, those salaries are just below their purchasing power in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Questions have been raised about how much of the school budget should be allowed for raises. Weber voiced concern last year after state Superintendent of Public Instruction Tom Torlakson declared that money intended for low-income students, English learners and foster children could be used for across-the-board teacher raises. His decision “makes no connection to more equitable (academic) outcomes and use of those funds for salaries,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2015/jun/16/weber-torlakson-local-control-funding-formula/\">Weber wrote\u003c/a> in an editorial on behalf of the Legislative Black Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School officials, including those from disadvantaged communities, say better pay is necessary in order to hire and retain qualified teachers in a state with a high cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the recession, when Vallejo City Unified School District Superintendent Ramona Bishop said the district laid off and furloughed staff, starting credentialed teacher salaries were under $40,000. They are now at $46,475. The top of the scale has gone from $71,855 to $79,756.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bishop says she’s proud to be able to offer $2,000 signing bonuses for math and science teachers and to log three consecutive years of pay increases for teachers in a district where nearly 20 percent of students are English learners and more than 71 percent qualify for free or reduced-priced meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848993\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10848993\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-800x583.jpg\" alt=\"Students take a nutrition break at Vallejo High School on January 7, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-800x583.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-400x291.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-768x560.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-1440x1049.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-1180x860.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/VallejoStudents-960x700.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students take a nutrition break at Vallejo High School on January 7, 2016. \u003ccite>(Robert Durell/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara Unified School District, a more affluent community that has received limited state increases, chose to use all of its additional funding to provide its 891 teachers a raise. Andrew Lucia, the assistant superintendent for human resources, said after going without salary increases for seven years, the school board approved a 3 percent salary increase in 2013, followed by an 8 percent boost in 2014. There were bonus checks and insurance benefits as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the recent budget increases, however, some school districts say they are still facing difficult financial choices. And in some districts, concern about a possible recession and other financial challenges ahead caused educators to use at least some of their recent increases on one-time expenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown is warning that a downturn is inevitable. To drive home his point, he displayed a chart at his budget press conference in January projecting a $43 billion deficit if the state committed to new spending before a recession. If the state enters a recession, the Legislative Analyst’s Office projects school funding will fall by \u003ca href=\"http://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3305\">$4.6 billion in 2017 and not recover to current levels until 2019\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re being very conservative,” says Long Beach Unified School District Assistant Superintendent Jill Baker. “A lot of it is coming in with one-time funds so we’re thinking about things we couldn’t do before, but not for ongoing expenses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, she said the district is using increased funds to add a training center. The district is also spending $6 million to convert 14 year-round schools back to a traditional schedule to offset the district’s declining enrollment, the primary way schools get funding. The district has lost more than 15,000 students in the past decade. It’s now down to 77,400.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Class sizes haven’t been reduced dramatically. During the recession, Long Beach raised class sizes in kindergarten through third grade to 30-to-1 from 20-to-1. Baker says the ratio is down only to about 26-to-1. Instead, the district invested in updating curriculum, like a computer coding program for students as young as kindergarten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Sacramento suburb, Folsom Cordova Unified School District Superintendent Deborah Bettencourt said the district added licensed family therapists to help middle and high school students struggling with bullying or to cope with chaos at home. Bettencourt says she has no plans to resume daily classroom cleaning by janitors because it’s not as high a priority as improving technology or providing academic support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10848996\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10848996 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-800x486.jpg\" alt=\"Dylan Williams, a first grader at Bixby Elementary in Long Beach, navigates computer coding with mindstorm lego robotics in his school computer lab.\" width=\"800\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-800x486.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-400x243.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-768x467.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-1440x875.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-1180x717.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CodingKid-960x584.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dylan Williams, a first-grader at Bixby Elementary in Long Beach, navigates computer coding with Lego Mindstorms robotics in his school computer lab. \u003ccite>(Nancy Pastor/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District, home to more than 10 percent of the state’s 6.2 million kindergarten through high school students, continues to face structural imbalances despite increased state funding. According to a November \u003ca href=\"http://laschoolreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/LAUSD_IFRP_FINAL_REPORT-110215.pdf\">independent financial report\u003c/a>, the mammoth district is facing declining student enrollment and a long-term deficit that could force the system into bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If voters don’t approve an extension of the temporary taxes on this year’s ballot, John Walsh, the district’s chief financial officer, said Los Angeles will see “a significant hit to the bottom line, no doubt about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Teachers Association, the California Federation of Teachers and the California State PTA -- as well as other public employee unions, hospitals and doctors -- are pushing an \u003ca href=\"https://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0065%20%28Temporary%20Taxes%29.pdf?\">initiative\u003c/a> to stop the scheduled expiration of temporary taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The groups will need to turn in at least 585,000 valid signatures by June 30 to qualify a version of the measure for the November ballot. The proposed measure would extend higher income taxes on individuals earning more than $250,000 a year through 2030. It would let a quarter-cent sales tax in Proposition 30 expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The (economic) crisis going on in China and ripple effect worldwide suggest there is a degree of volatility in the economy we have to consider,” said Joshua Pechthalt, president of the California Federation of Teachers. “What we’re asking is people at the top end of the economic spectrum pay a little bit more. There hasn’t been an exodus of people living in Malibu and Beverly Hills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the tax extension and the economy, the legislative analyst says about $12 billion in annual funding is at stake for schools by 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without the tax extension, Brown’s proposal for a $71.6 billion budget next year will still grow to about $77.5 billion in 2019. In addition to that annual budget, Proposition 98’s complex funding formula is designed to capture an added benefit for schools during an extended strong economy. So if the economy continues as it is, the state would owe another \u003ca href=\"http://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/3305\">$6.3 million to schools by 2019\u003c/a> that could be paid over several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/ballot/2015/150492.pdf\">If voters approve the tax extension\u003c/a>, the budget analyst estimates the school funding would grow between $2.5 billion and $5.5 billion, meaning state school funding would be between $80 billion and $83 billion in 2019. Without a tax extension and with a recession, the budget in 2019 is projected to be about $71 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opposition to the tax extension is still developing. Republicans and anti-tax groups have already voiced concern, saying Proposition 30 was intended to help during a fiscal emergency. Now that schools have enjoyed a recovery, they say, temporary taxes should be allowed to expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even Brown, a Democrat, has signaled he isn’t keen on extending taxes. “We ought to look at what’s the capacity of the state, and what’s the willingness of taxpayers to pay more,” Brown said at his January budget proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ppic.org/content/pubs/survey/S_1215MBS.pdf\">An opinion poll\u003c/a> by the Public Policy Institute of California in December found 54 percent of likely voters favor an extension of the taxes, but just 37 percent said they think it is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ballot measure to extend taxes could benefit from the higher voter turnout in a presidential year. But it is always tough to pass a tax increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guadalupe Aragon, the mother of a fifth-grader at the underperforming 20\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> Street Elementary School in Los Angeles, said she doesn’t think she’d vote for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is not bringing any more money,” she said. “To a person, the more money you have, the more money you’re going to spend. Are you spending it wisely? That’s the question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://calmatters.org/\">\u003cem>CALmatters.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a nonprofit journalism venture dedicated to explaining state policies and politics. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 2:00 p.m. Thursday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nClovis Unified trustees have voted 4-3 against recommendations to change the school district’s longstanding dress code. The proposed change would have allowed boys to wear long hair and earrings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/blog/stuck-gender-rut-clovis-school-refuses-bring-dress-code-line-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blog post\u003c/a> responding to the vote, ACLU staff attorney Abre’ Conner writes that Clovis Unified has “defied reason and the law” in refusing to update the dress code:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\nClovis Unified School District outdid itself once again. The district had the opportunity to change its painfully outdated dress code, but the district defied reason—and the law—this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a 4-3 vote, the school board voted to keep its policies discriminatory on the basis of gender expression. With this vote, the school district continues to deny students an education through its unlawful dress code. Clovis Unified will keep suspending boys for wearing earrings or letting their hair cover their earlobes. This violates California law.\n\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post: \u003c/strong>William Pleasant is a senior at Buchanan High School in Clovis, a small city northeast of Fresno. He says he almost wasn’t allowed to enroll for his senior year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because my hair was out of dress code,” says Pleasant. “They weren’t going to register me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/244122159″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pleasant’s curly hair reaches past his earlobes and his shirt collar. For boys, that’s \u003ca href=\"http://cusd.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Administrative-Regulation-2105.pdf\">against the current Clovis Unified dress code.\u003c/a> He says he got detention and on-campus suspension as his hair was growing out his junior year. Then he was told he couldn’t register for his senior year unless he cut his hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have an image of how men should look, and since I wasn’t following that I was being denied my education because of the way I chose to present myself,” says Pleasant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”onQJd86kq6GEyw9KIA9dAs26CHZstY1b”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pleasant wrote a \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/article31136987.html\">letter to the Fresno Bee\u003c/a> about the dress code. His family got in touch with the ACLU, which argued to Clovis Unified officials that the dress code violates state laws against gender discrimination because it has different standards for boys and girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ACLU attorneys also \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/blog/longhairdontcare-unless-you-live-clovis\">argued that racism\u003c/a> was at play. Because Pleasant is African-American, they told district officials he shouldn’t be denied a “cultural exemption” in how he wears his hair. Clovis does make exceptions for some religious and cultural groups, like Sikhs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School officials eventually agreed Pleasant could keep his long hair and enroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday night, the district will vote on whether to update the dress code for everyone, to set the same standards around hair and jewelry for both boys and girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the current Clovis dress code, “earrings are not appropriate or acceptable for males as school attire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[scribd id=296866994 key=key-67gvblnHPfZi9igjnTgY mode=scroll]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have had a dress code in Clovis Unified since 1975 in respect to creating and setting a very high standard for students,” says district spokeswoman Kelly Avants. “It has been an integral part of the culture of our district, the culture of high expectations and accountability that we see translate to student success.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Avants says the school board is considering a proposal that would eliminate the hair-length requirement but would still require neat grooming. “We feel that standard can very much be in place, as we see in our schools today without having that gender differentiation between male and female,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dress code is just the latest flashpoint for the conservative school district. Clovis Unified is well known for its high test scores, but it has also tangled with the ACLU because it \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/26/127740/aclu-forced-clovis-school-district-fix-sex-education\">taught abstinence-only sex education\u003c/a>, and denied a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/02/native-american-student-sues-for-right-to-wear-eagle-feather-to-graduation\">Native American student’s request to wear an eagle feather\u003c/a> in his graduation cap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10846842\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10846842\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-800x468.jpg\" alt=\"Christian Titman, a Native American former student at Clovis High School, sued for the right to wear an eagle feather to his graduation last summer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-800x468.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-400x234.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-768x449.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-1440x842.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-1180x690.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-960x562.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christian Titman, a Native American former student at Clovis High School, sued for the right to wear an eagle feather to his graduation last summer. \u003ccite>(ACLU Northern California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We are happy that Clovis Unified School District is looking to bring their dress code up to date with the law,” says Abre’ Conner, staff attorney for the ACLU of Northern California’s Fresno office. “Gender expression is a protected category, and their proposed changes seem to reflect the new standards of the California education code. Without those changes, their dress code will be in direct violation of the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some parents are livid about the proposed changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To allow our boys to have long hair and earrings in the name of gender equality, you know, what else does that open us up to?” says parent Kent Lubratich. He graduated from Clovis Unified in 1983, and has sent his three kids to Clovis schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Any of my employees show up in pajamas, long hair, ungroomed, earrings, that will distract from their duties.’\u003ccite>Clovis parent Kent Lubratich\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Clovis is a way of life,” says Lubratich. “People know a Clovis Unified child. They see it. When you have a kid applying for a job, you can tell what school district they go to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lubratich says the dress code is part of what makes Clovis such an academically successful district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You dress for success, you get educated for success. Me being an employer, any of my employees show up in pajamas, long hair, ungroomed, earrings, that will distract from their duties,” says Lubratich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>William Pleasant, the long-haired high school senior we heard from earlier, argues that growing industries like tech don’t mind if their employees have a ponytail or earrings. They’d rather they come to the job with a diploma, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the dress code the board will consider Wednesday would eliminate language around boys’ hair length and gender-specific references to dresses and skirts, it does still include provisions regarding hairstyles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That it’s neatly groomed, that it doesn’t provide a distraction, that it isn’t wildly or unnaturally shaped, that it isn’t allowing kids to be more focused on the purple hair mohawk than what the teachers want to say,” says district spokeswoman Avants.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 2:00 p.m. Thursday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nClovis Unified trustees have voted 4-3 against recommendations to change the school district’s longstanding dress code. The proposed change would have allowed boys to wear long hair and earrings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/blog/stuck-gender-rut-clovis-school-refuses-bring-dress-code-line-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blog post\u003c/a> responding to the vote, ACLU staff attorney Abre’ Conner writes that Clovis Unified has “defied reason and the law” in refusing to update the dress code:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\nClovis Unified School District outdid itself once again. The district had the opportunity to change its painfully outdated dress code, but the district defied reason—and the law—this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a 4-3 vote, the school board voted to keep its policies discriminatory on the basis of gender expression. With this vote, the school district continues to deny students an education through its unlawful dress code. Clovis Unified will keep suspending boys for wearing earrings or letting their hair cover their earlobes. This violates California law.\n\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post: \u003c/strong>William Pleasant is a senior at Buchanan High School in Clovis, a small city northeast of Fresno. He says he almost wasn’t allowed to enroll for his senior year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because my hair was out of dress code,” says Pleasant. “They weren’t going to register me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/244122159″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/244122159″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pleasant’s curly hair reaches past his earlobes and his shirt collar. For boys, that’s \u003ca href=\"http://cusd.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Administrative-Regulation-2105.pdf\">against the current Clovis Unified dress code.\u003c/a> He says he got detention and on-campus suspension as his hair was growing out his junior year. Then he was told he couldn’t register for his senior year unless he cut his hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have an image of how men should look, and since I wasn’t following that I was being denied my education because of the way I chose to present myself,” says Pleasant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pleasant wrote a \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/article31136987.html\">letter to the Fresno Bee\u003c/a> about the dress code. His family got in touch with the ACLU, which argued to Clovis Unified officials that the dress code violates state laws against gender discrimination because it has different standards for boys and girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ACLU attorneys also \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/blog/longhairdontcare-unless-you-live-clovis\">argued that racism\u003c/a> was at play. Because Pleasant is African-American, they told district officials he shouldn’t be denied a “cultural exemption” in how he wears his hair. Clovis does make exceptions for some religious and cultural groups, like Sikhs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School officials eventually agreed Pleasant could keep his long hair and enroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday night, the district will vote on whether to update the dress code for everyone, to set the same standards around hair and jewelry for both boys and girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the current Clovis dress code, “earrings are not appropriate or acceptable for males as school attire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ciframe\n class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\"\n src=\"//www.scribd.com/embeds/296866994/content?start_page=1&view_mode=&access_key=key-67gvblnHPfZi9igjnTgY\"\n title=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/296866994\"\n data-auto-height=\"true\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"scribd_296866994\"\n width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n \u003ca class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__scribdShortcode__scribd_footer\"\n href=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/296866994\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">View this document on Scribd\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have had a dress code in Clovis Unified since 1975 in respect to creating and setting a very high standard for students,” says district spokeswoman Kelly Avants. “It has been an integral part of the culture of our district, the culture of high expectations and accountability that we see translate to student success.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Avants says the school board is considering a proposal that would eliminate the hair-length requirement but would still require neat grooming. “We feel that standard can very much be in place, as we see in our schools today without having that gender differentiation between male and female,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dress code is just the latest flashpoint for the conservative school district. Clovis Unified is well known for its high test scores, but it has also tangled with the ACLU because it \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/26/127740/aclu-forced-clovis-school-district-fix-sex-education\">taught abstinence-only sex education\u003c/a>, and denied a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/02/native-american-student-sues-for-right-to-wear-eagle-feather-to-graduation\">Native American student’s request to wear an eagle feather\u003c/a> in his graduation cap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10846842\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10846842\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-800x468.jpg\" alt=\"Christian Titman, a Native American former student at Clovis High School, sued for the right to wear an eagle feather to his graduation last summer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-800x468.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-400x234.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-768x449.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-1440x842.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-1180x690.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Titman-960x562.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christian Titman, a Native American former student at Clovis High School, sued for the right to wear an eagle feather to his graduation last summer. \u003ccite>(ACLU Northern California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We are happy that Clovis Unified School District is looking to bring their dress code up to date with the law,” says Abre’ Conner, staff attorney for the ACLU of Northern California’s Fresno office. “Gender expression is a protected category, and their proposed changes seem to reflect the new standards of the California education code. Without those changes, their dress code will be in direct violation of the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some parents are livid about the proposed changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To allow our boys to have long hair and earrings in the name of gender equality, you know, what else does that open us up to?” says parent Kent Lubratich. He graduated from Clovis Unified in 1983, and has sent his three kids to Clovis schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Any of my employees show up in pajamas, long hair, ungroomed, earrings, that will distract from their duties.’\u003ccite>Clovis parent Kent Lubratich\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Clovis is a way of life,” says Lubratich. “People know a Clovis Unified child. They see it. When you have a kid applying for a job, you can tell what school district they go to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lubratich says the dress code is part of what makes Clovis such an academically successful district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You dress for success, you get educated for success. Me being an employer, any of my employees show up in pajamas, long hair, ungroomed, earrings, that will distract from their duties,” says Lubratich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>William Pleasant, the long-haired high school senior we heard from earlier, argues that growing industries like tech don’t mind if their employees have a ponytail or earrings. They’d rather they come to the job with a diploma, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the dress code the board will consider Wednesday would eliminate language around boys’ hair length and gender-specific references to dresses and skirts, it does still include provisions regarding hairstyles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That it’s neatly groomed, that it doesn’t provide a distraction, that it isn’t wildly or unnaturally shaped, that it isn’t allowing kids to be more focused on the purple hair mohawk than what the teachers want to say,” says district spokeswoman Avants.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Oakland Student Choked by Security Officers Sues School District",
"title": "Oakland Student Choked by Security Officers Sues School District",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 6:15 p.m. Friday:\u003c/strong> A student who was choked and dragged by campus security officers at East Oakland's Fremont High in 2014 is filing a federal civil rights lawsuit against the school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">The lawsuit (\u003ca href=\"#rodriguezlawsuit\">embedded below)\u003c/a> comes on the two-year anniversary of an altercation between two school security officers and Jonathan Rodriguez, then 15. Video of the incident, captured by school cameras, was not released until a year later by the newly appointed chief of Oakland School Police Department, Jeff Godown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/IHnJFTyRZ8g\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">\u003cspan lang=\"EN-GB\">The lawsuit names the Oakland Unified School District, the district's Police Department, Fremont High School administrators and the two department security guards involved in the incident, Noil Angelo and Carlton Johnson. Both guards resigned after the video was made public, and their actions were condemned by both Godown and Oakland schools superintendent Antwan Wilson.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">In the suit, Rodriguez, a Latino special-education student, says he had his civil rights violated and that failure to release the video immediately amounted to a cover-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">Lawyer Ronald Cruz, with the activist group By Any Means Necessary, represents Rodriguez, who is now 17. Cruz has represented several students who have accused the Oakland School Police Department of excessive force, including another videotaped incident involving Francisco Martinez, a student who uses a wheelchair. The officer in that case, Marchell Mitchell, was convicted of assault. The school district settled a civil suit by Mitchell for an unspecified amount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">Cruz and the family say they are considering seeking criminal charges in the case as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"rodriguezlawsuit\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/296557731/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&access_key=key-feSa4DDxWqhBnknL5Ek1&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.7729220222793488\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_36896\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, March 25, 2015:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parents of a high school student in Oakland are considering suing the school district over a videotaped incident in which their son was manhandled by school security officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Rodriguez was 15 and a freshman at Fremont High School when the episode took place in January 2014. Security camera footage shows him standing in the doorway of the school's office for about three minutes as people come and go. Then two security officers approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a brief conversation, one shoves Rodriguez from behind and the other puts him in a chokehold. The video then shows the men -- security officers Noil Angelo and Carlton Johnson -- struggling to drag Rodriguez across the office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/197663919&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An Oakland Unified School District police summary of the incident deemed it an appropriate use of force. The district made the video public earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodriguez’s mother approached Principal Emiliano Sanchez about the incident just days after it happened, according to family attorney Ronald Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The principal sat down with the video with the mother, and told her that her son was in the wrong,” said Cruz, who says he may file a lawsuit against the district. “She was humiliated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanchez declined comment for this story. School district spokesman Troy Flint says Superintendent Antwan Wilson has spoken to Sanchez about the incident, but so far has taken no action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two security guards, Noil Angelo and Carlton Johnson, are on paid leave, pending the results of an inquiry being conducted by a private investigator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angelo has worked at Fremont High for many years and, according to several sources, is a well-respected figure on the campus, having served as the school’s baseball coach for several years. Neither he nor Johnson could be reached for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school district has its own police force, overseen by Chief Jeff Godown, a veteran of the Los Angeles Police Department, the SFPD and the UCSF police force, who started in Oakland a little more than three months ago. The force is made up of about 84 school security officers, like those involved in this incident, and about 15 sworn police officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godown said he pulled the file in the Rodriguez case a few weeks ago, when Cruz requested it. He immediately knew something wasn’t right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s troubling for me,” said Godown. “I didn’t see a reason [for the use of force.] I didn’t see a reason for him to be pushed in the back. I didn’t see a reason for him to be immediately turned around and choked.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godown said multiple officers signed off on the use of force in this incident. Everyone from officers to school administrators will be investigated to see who knew about the video and when, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District spokesman Flint notes the school district police force is also reviewing five years' worth of complaints against school security officers to see if there are systemic flaws in the way officers treat students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Cruz represents two other Oakland students who have accused school security officers of abuse in Oakland. One videotaped incident last May involved Francisco Martinez, 17, a wheelchair-bound student. The officer in that case, Marchell Ernest Mitchell, was charged with felony corporal injury in a case reportedly set for trial next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about one stray officer. It’s a policy that goes all the way to the administration,” said Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 6:15 p.m. Friday:\u003c/strong> A student who was choked and dragged by campus security officers at East Oakland's Fremont High in 2014 is filing a federal civil rights lawsuit against the school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">The lawsuit (\u003ca href=\"#rodriguezlawsuit\">embedded below)\u003c/a> comes on the two-year anniversary of an altercation between two school security officers and Jonathan Rodriguez, then 15. Video of the incident, captured by school cameras, was not released until a year later by the newly appointed chief of Oakland School Police Department, Jeff Godown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/IHnJFTyRZ8g\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">\u003cspan lang=\"EN-GB\">The lawsuit names the Oakland Unified School District, the district's Police Department, Fremont High School administrators and the two department security guards involved in the incident, Noil Angelo and Carlton Johnson. Both guards resigned after the video was made public, and their actions were condemned by both Godown and Oakland schools superintendent Antwan Wilson.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">In the suit, Rodriguez, a Latino special-education student, says he had his civil rights violated and that failure to release the video immediately amounted to a cover-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">Lawyer Ronald Cruz, with the activist group By Any Means Necessary, represents Rodriguez, who is now 17. Cruz has represented several students who have accused the Oakland School Police Department of excessive force, including another videotaped incident involving Francisco Martinez, a student who uses a wheelchair. The officer in that case, Marchell Mitchell, was convicted of assault. The school district settled a civil suit by Mitchell for an unspecified amount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">Cruz and the family say they are considering seeking criminal charges in the case as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"rodriguezlawsuit\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/296557731/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&access_key=key-feSa4DDxWqhBnknL5Ek1&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.7729220222793488\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_36896\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, March 25, 2015:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parents of a high school student in Oakland are considering suing the school district over a videotaped incident in which their son was manhandled by school security officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Rodriguez was 15 and a freshman at Fremont High School when the episode took place in January 2014. Security camera footage shows him standing in the doorway of the school's office for about three minutes as people come and go. Then two security officers approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a brief conversation, one shoves Rodriguez from behind and the other puts him in a chokehold. The video then shows the men -- security officers Noil Angelo and Carlton Johnson -- struggling to drag Rodriguez across the office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/197663919&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An Oakland Unified School District police summary of the incident deemed it an appropriate use of force. The district made the video public earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodriguez’s mother approached Principal Emiliano Sanchez about the incident just days after it happened, according to family attorney Ronald Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The principal sat down with the video with the mother, and told her that her son was in the wrong,” said Cruz, who says he may file a lawsuit against the district. “She was humiliated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanchez declined comment for this story. School district spokesman Troy Flint says Superintendent Antwan Wilson has spoken to Sanchez about the incident, but so far has taken no action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two security guards, Noil Angelo and Carlton Johnson, are on paid leave, pending the results of an inquiry being conducted by a private investigator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angelo has worked at Fremont High for many years and, according to several sources, is a well-respected figure on the campus, having served as the school’s baseball coach for several years. Neither he nor Johnson could be reached for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school district has its own police force, overseen by Chief Jeff Godown, a veteran of the Los Angeles Police Department, the SFPD and the UCSF police force, who started in Oakland a little more than three months ago. The force is made up of about 84 school security officers, like those involved in this incident, and about 15 sworn police officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godown said he pulled the file in the Rodriguez case a few weeks ago, when Cruz requested it. He immediately knew something wasn’t right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s troubling for me,” said Godown. “I didn’t see a reason [for the use of force.] I didn’t see a reason for him to be pushed in the back. I didn’t see a reason for him to be immediately turned around and choked.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godown said multiple officers signed off on the use of force in this incident. Everyone from officers to school administrators will be investigated to see who knew about the video and when, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District spokesman Flint notes the school district police force is also reviewing five years' worth of complaints against school security officers to see if there are systemic flaws in the way officers treat students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Cruz represents two other Oakland students who have accused school security officers of abuse in Oakland. One videotaped incident last May involved Francisco Martinez, 17, a wheelchair-bound student. The officer in that case, Marchell Ernest Mitchell, was charged with felony corporal injury in a case reportedly set for trial next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about one stray officer. It’s a policy that goes all the way to the administration,” said Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/hs/cahseesuspendfaq.asp#q3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">law signed by Gov. Jerry Brown in October\u003c/a> compels California school districts to issue diplomas to former students who met every graduation requirement except passing the California High School Exit Exam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a check of several districts shows that efforts to inform ex-students that they may now qualify for a diploma — a life-changer for many — have been uneven. Some districts are actively seeking those impacted, while others say they don’t have the resources to look for and contact them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/243233592″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/243233592″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 35,000 students statewide met every graduation requirement except passing the exit exam since 2006, when the test was implemented. Many of those students may have since passed the exit exam after going to adult school, so it’s unclear exactly how many might be eligible now to get their diplomas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified officials said they estimate about 8,000 former district students met all graduation requirements except passing the exit exam going back the past nine years. The district is planning to inform those that they can reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A new state law in effect this year requires all California public school students to take sex education beginning in seventh grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents who don’t want their kids to learn about issues like body image, contraception and HIV awareness and prevention will have to formally opt out by submitting a document to their school or district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, sex education has been optional. If parents wanted their children to take a sexual health class, they had to sign up for the instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law, called the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB329\" target=\"_blank\">California Healthy Youth Act\u003c/a>, attempts to standardize and update sex education in the state, which also now must include gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/241634553\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Unified has one of the most comprehensive sex education curriculums in the state, covering everything from sexual orientation to abusive relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health educators in the district say seventh grade is the best time to start teaching students about sexual health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their bodies are developing, and often young people start to develop crushes on other students,\" says Christopher Pepper, a San Francisco Unified health teacher. “They’re dealing with effects of hormones in their body, and understanding all those things can be a little bit challenging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"zrPUji2SswjpD00xT9qeo7Pe90yXZjHU\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is also the first state in the nation where high school students will now learn about affirmative consent, known as \"Yes means Yes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Developing a more comprehensive sex education curriculum is expected to be challenging in more conservative areas like Clovis Unified, which was \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/26/127740/aclu-forced-clovis-school-district-fix-sex-education\" target=\"_blank\">found to have violated\u003c/a> the state’s pre-existing law on sex education by providing students with inaccurate and biased information about sexual health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big question is how the state will monitor school districts, and whether there will be an uptick in families opting out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camille Giglio, with the group California Right To Life, says this curriculum goes too far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This comes into a whole new category of being forced to listen for six years to one version of so-called sexual health,\" Giglio said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State PTA supports the new law, saying students should have medically accurate and unbiased information.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new state law in effect this year requires all California public school students to take sex education beginning in seventh grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents who don’t want their kids to learn about issues like body image, contraception and HIV awareness and prevention will have to formally opt out by submitting a document to their school or district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, sex education has been optional. If parents wanted their children to take a sexual health class, they had to sign up for the instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law, called the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB329\" target=\"_blank\">California Healthy Youth Act\u003c/a>, attempts to standardize and update sex education in the state, which also now must include gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/241634553&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/241634553'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Unified has one of the most comprehensive sex education curriculums in the state, covering everything from sexual orientation to abusive relationships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health educators in the district say seventh grade is the best time to start teaching students about sexual health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their bodies are developing, and often young people start to develop crushes on other students,\" says Christopher Pepper, a San Francisco Unified health teacher. “They’re dealing with effects of hormones in their body, and understanding all those things can be a little bit challenging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is also the first state in the nation where high school students will now learn about affirmative consent, known as \"Yes means Yes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Developing a more comprehensive sex education curriculum is expected to be challenging in more conservative areas like Clovis Unified, which was \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/26/127740/aclu-forced-clovis-school-district-fix-sex-education\" target=\"_blank\">found to have violated\u003c/a> the state’s pre-existing law on sex education by providing students with inaccurate and biased information about sexual health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The big question is how the state will monitor school districts, and whether there will be an uptick in families opting out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camille Giglio, with the group California Right To Life, says this curriculum goes too far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This comes into a whole new category of being forced to listen for six years to one version of so-called sexual health,\" Giglio said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State PTA supports the new law, saying students should have medically accurate and unbiased information.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It's looking like voters will have one chance to extend income taxes on California's wealthiest residents this fall -- and supporters of the ballot measure are hoping their latest version will appease the state's most powerful voter: Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A compromise proposed ballot measure authored by unions and other groups representing teachers, the health care industry and advocates for kids was \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0115%20%28Temporary%20Tax%20Increase%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">updated Monday with new language\u003c/a> aimed at appeasing a skeptical Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the governor \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-brown-initiatives-20160108-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">criticized a provision in the original initiative \u003c/a>that would have exempted any additional state revenue raised by the ballot measure from being earmarked for the state's rainy day fund (Brown has worked hard to grow the state's reserves since taking office five years ago and has generally \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/07/browns-budget-mantra-caution\" target=\"_blank\">pushed a message of fiscal restraint, including in last week's budget proposal\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"4zA8jWfhsWlLxBbcNRDHlXiZA7phvB8q\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those tax measures don't incorporate what people said they wanted \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/drought/ci_26866537/california-propositions-1-and-2-appear-be-sailing\" target=\"_blank\">by an overwhelming supermajority,\u003c/a>” Brown said, calling that omission \"a fatal flaw.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So this week, the measure's backers -- including the powerful California Teachers Association and the California Hospital Association -- removed that exemption and made other tweaks they hope will satisfy critics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article43012443.html\" target=\"_blank\">grew out of competing proposals\u003c/a> authored by the CTA and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article35998542.html\" target=\"_blank\">the health care and children's groups\u003c/a>, respectively. The compromise measure seeks to extend through 2030 an increase in personal income taxes on couples who make more than $500,000 a year. Those increases were originally instated by 2012's Prop. 30, which also raised sales taxes in the state through the end of 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown championed Prop. 30's temporary tax increases -- the income tax increases were set to expire in 2018 -- as a way to stabilize California's budget at a time of deep cuts. But he promised from the beginning that the increases would be temporary. So even with the tweaks, it's an open question whether the governor will actually support the compromise ballot measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Backers of the tax extensions now have several months to collect the 585,407 signatures needed to place the measure before voters in November. It's likely to be \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/12-might-california-low-voter-turnout-spark-2016-initiative-frenzy/\" target=\"_blank\">a crowded ballot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's looking like voters will have one chance to extend income taxes on California's wealthiest residents this fall -- and supporters of the ballot measure are hoping their latest version will appease the state's most powerful voter: Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A compromise proposed ballot measure authored by unions and other groups representing teachers, the health care industry and advocates for kids was \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0115%20%28Temporary%20Tax%20Increase%29_0.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">updated Monday with new language\u003c/a> aimed at appeasing a skeptical Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the governor \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-brown-initiatives-20160108-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">criticized a provision in the original initiative \u003c/a>that would have exempted any additional state revenue raised by the ballot measure from being earmarked for the state's rainy day fund (Brown has worked hard to grow the state's reserves since taking office five years ago and has generally \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/07/browns-budget-mantra-caution\" target=\"_blank\">pushed a message of fiscal restraint, including in last week's budget proposal\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those tax measures don't incorporate what people said they wanted \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/drought/ci_26866537/california-propositions-1-and-2-appear-be-sailing\" target=\"_blank\">by an overwhelming supermajority,\u003c/a>” Brown said, calling that omission \"a fatal flaw.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District officials say nearly every division in the district has worked the last three weeks to relocate nearly 2,000 students in the north San Fernando Valley because of the nearby \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/06/brown-declares-state-of-emergency-over-porter-ranch-gas-leak\" target=\"_blank\">ongoing natural gas leak\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything is supposed to be ready on Tuesday, the relocated students' first day of school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"6yzWSG5pc5CNIJg2QYGum94pqsWwmK0U\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The most difficult piece is that we had hundreds of individuals working day and night for the period of three weeks,” said L.A. Unified area superintendent Vivian Ekchian, “in order to create the most desirable environment possible for the large number of students that would be relocated in a short period of time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school district has moved Porter Ranch students' desks, textbooks and teachers to 65 bungalows at Northridge Middle School and Sunny Brae Avenue Elementary School. The students will be grouped with others from their same classes. The schools are about 7 miles away from the students' original campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ekchian said she wants the teaching to be seamless and “for the students to find comfort in that they are in an environment where the conversation isn’t about what they're smelling or which direction the wind is blowing or possibly how they're suffering from a headache, but don't know if it is from the gas odor or if it's something else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/01/11/56740/lausd-scrambles-to-relocate-porter-ranch-students/\" target=\"_blank\">Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified School District officials say nearly every division in the district has worked the last three weeks to relocate nearly 2,000 students in the north San Fernando Valley because of the nearby \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/06/brown-declares-state-of-emergency-over-porter-ranch-gas-leak\" target=\"_blank\">ongoing natural gas leak\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything is supposed to be ready on Tuesday, the relocated students' first day of school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The most difficult piece is that we had hundreds of individuals working day and night for the period of three weeks,” said L.A. Unified area superintendent Vivian Ekchian, “in order to create the most desirable environment possible for the large number of students that would be relocated in a short period of time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school district has moved Porter Ranch students' desks, textbooks and teachers to 65 bungalows at Northridge Middle School and Sunny Brae Avenue Elementary School. The students will be grouped with others from their same classes. The schools are about 7 miles away from the students' original campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ekchian said she wants the teaching to be seamless and “for the students to find comfort in that they are in an environment where the conversation isn’t about what they're smelling or which direction the wind is blowing or possibly how they're suffering from a headache, but don't know if it is from the gas odor or if it's something else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/01/11/56740/lausd-scrambles-to-relocate-porter-ranch-students/\" target=\"_blank\">Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Teacher's Supreme Court Case Challenges Union Power",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court takes up a case Monday that could significantly change the landscape of political power in California and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbar.org/publications/preview_home/2015_2016_briefs/14-915.html\" target=\"_blank\">Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association\u003c/a> centers on the question of whether union dues are inherently political -- and if they are, as the plaintiffs argue, whether represented employees who are not union members can be compelled to pay them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/240822633\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case could have far-reaching political implications because the CTA and other public sector unions are significant political players in Democratic politics in both California and nationally -- and losing the case could hollow out their membership and financial standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Orange County Teacher Behind Case\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservative/libertarian Center for Individual Rights is representing Rebecca Friedrichs, the Orange County teacher who sued. The group's president, Terry Pell, said Friedrichs, a 25-year classroom veteran, had a good relationship with the union -- including a stint as a union representative --until the economic crash in 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The school district was laying off newer teachers who were quite good at what they did,\" he said. \"Rebecca went around to the other teachers and said, 'If we all took a 2 percent pay cut, we could save their jobs,' and the other teachers agreed. She took it to the union and one official after another said absolutely not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pell said those conversations led Friedrichs to believe that the union has different priorities than she does, and \"she shouldn't have to fund an organization she fundamentally disagrees with.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plaintiffs Claim Fees Violate First Amendment Rights\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1977 decision in \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/431/209\" target=\"_blank\">Abood v. Detroit Board of Education\u003c/a>, the court upheld arrangements that require service fees or dues from employees who choose not to be part of a union. The rationale for that decision rested in large part on the benefit employees get from unions' role in negotiating contracts and representing workers with grievances. And while unions engage in political activity, the court said, that doesn't interfere with the First Amendment rights of individual workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Pell argues everything a public employee union does -- even collective bargaining -- is inherently political and therefore people like Friedrichs should be able to opt out. He argues that because any raise in teacher salary is funded by tax dollars, forcing teachers to fund negotiations is compelling them to identify with a public policy cause, a violation of their First Amendment rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That’s an example of something the union negotiated for -- higher salaries -- that’s actually quite political,\" Pell said. \"Reasonable people can disagree whether higher salaries are actually a good thing, especially when the economy is falling apart.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedrichs and her fellow plaintiffs want the court to overrule the Abood decision and strike down laws requiring even nonunion employees to pay fees in the 25 states that have such statutes on the books.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we win, then they will have the chance to say no with their feet and their checkbook -- they won't have to pay dues,\" Pell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Unions, State Say Case Threatens Union Structure\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the state of California, the CTA and allies argue that a ruling in favor of Friedrichs could undermine the entire system of public employee collective bargaining here and nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't have a system where the union only has an obligation to represent its own members,\" says William Gould, professor emeritus at Stanford Law School. \"The minority who don't want the union still have the right to benefit from anything the union does through collective bargaining.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould joined an \u003ca href=\"http://www.scotusblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/LABOR-LAW-FRIEDRICHS-AMICUS-BRIEF-FINAL-VERSION4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">amicus brief\u003c/a> on behalf of the CTA. The union argues that if nonmembers can be represented by the union without paying any fee, there would be a strong incentive to become a \"free rider\" and not join the union. Fewer paying members could lead to a weakened force at the negotiation table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Gould urges teachers like Friedrichs to voice their displeasure with union decisions by electing new leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I may object to President Bush pursuing the Iraq War, but I can’t determine for myself that my taxes used for those purposes should be withheld,\" he said. \"Similarly, the dissident employees may not like the unions’ pursuit of grievances of safety or wages in the collective bargaining process. The answer in both situations is to get different political leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Decision Could Shift Power at the Ballot Box\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court will also consider a second question, one that has direct implications for the political weight of public sector unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, teachers in California have the ability to opt out of funding the union's political activities. If they decide that they don't want to give the union money to support candidates, ballot measures and legislative lobbying, they will receive a refund for that portion of their dues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedrichs wants the court to change that and make opting \u003cem>in\u003c/em> the default option under the law. Such a system would require union members to fill out a form and agree to pay dues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any lapse in dues directed toward political purposes would have an adverse effect on the state's Democratic Party. The CTA has consistently given far more to Democrats than Republicans in statewide and legislative races, and the union's support for Democratic causes extends to \u003ca href=\"http://www.cta.org/About-CTA/News-Room/Press-Releases/2015/10/20151025.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">initiatives\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cta.org/Issues-and-Action/Legislation/Capitol-News/Bills-Awaiting-Governors-Approval.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">legislative lobbying\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will Case Split Conservatives on the Court?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The door to the eventual Friedrichs challenge was opened in the 2012 case \u003ca href=\"http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/11pdf/10-1121c4d6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Knox v. SEIU\u003c/a>, when conservative Justice Samuel Alito wrote in his decision that the union model requiring nonmembers to contribute was an \"anomaly\" not seen in other associations of doctors, professors or even neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the challenge has made it to the Supreme Court, the unlikely union ally may be another conservative, Antonin Scalia. In a 1991 case weighing union contributions and First Amendment rights, \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/500/507/case.html#550\" target=\"_blank\">Lehnert v. Ferris Faculty Association\u003c/a>, Scalia expressed support for the fee model that the CTA and other public sector unions have in place for nonmembers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Where the state imposes upon the union a duty to deliver services, it may permit the union to demand reimbursement for them; or, looked at from the other end, where the state creates in the nonmembers a legal entitlement from the union, it may compel them to pay the cost.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether Scalia's view on the issue has changed 25 years later is a question that Democrats around the state will be nervously watching.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court takes up a case Monday that could significantly change the landscape of political power in California and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbar.org/publications/preview_home/2015_2016_briefs/14-915.html\" target=\"_blank\">Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association\u003c/a> centers on the question of whether union dues are inherently political -- and if they are, as the plaintiffs argue, whether represented employees who are not union members can be compelled to pay them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/240822633&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/240822633'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case could have far-reaching political implications because the CTA and other public sector unions are significant political players in Democratic politics in both California and nationally -- and losing the case could hollow out their membership and financial standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Orange County Teacher Behind Case\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservative/libertarian Center for Individual Rights is representing Rebecca Friedrichs, the Orange County teacher who sued. The group's president, Terry Pell, said Friedrichs, a 25-year classroom veteran, had a good relationship with the union -- including a stint as a union representative --until the economic crash in 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The school district was laying off newer teachers who were quite good at what they did,\" he said. \"Rebecca went around to the other teachers and said, 'If we all took a 2 percent pay cut, we could save their jobs,' and the other teachers agreed. She took it to the union and one official after another said absolutely not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pell said those conversations led Friedrichs to believe that the union has different priorities than she does, and \"she shouldn't have to fund an organization she fundamentally disagrees with.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plaintiffs Claim Fees Violate First Amendment Rights\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1977 decision in \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/431/209\" target=\"_blank\">Abood v. Detroit Board of Education\u003c/a>, the court upheld arrangements that require service fees or dues from employees who choose not to be part of a union. The rationale for that decision rested in large part on the benefit employees get from unions' role in negotiating contracts and representing workers with grievances. And while unions engage in political activity, the court said, that doesn't interfere with the First Amendment rights of individual workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Pell argues everything a public employee union does -- even collective bargaining -- is inherently political and therefore people like Friedrichs should be able to opt out. He argues that because any raise in teacher salary is funded by tax dollars, forcing teachers to fund negotiations is compelling them to identify with a public policy cause, a violation of their First Amendment rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That’s an example of something the union negotiated for -- higher salaries -- that’s actually quite political,\" Pell said. \"Reasonable people can disagree whether higher salaries are actually a good thing, especially when the economy is falling apart.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedrichs and her fellow plaintiffs want the court to overrule the Abood decision and strike down laws requiring even nonunion employees to pay fees in the 25 states that have such statutes on the books.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we win, then they will have the chance to say no with their feet and their checkbook -- they won't have to pay dues,\" Pell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Unions, State Say Case Threatens Union Structure\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the state of California, the CTA and allies argue that a ruling in favor of Friedrichs could undermine the entire system of public employee collective bargaining here and nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't have a system where the union only has an obligation to represent its own members,\" says William Gould, professor emeritus at Stanford Law School. \"The minority who don't want the union still have the right to benefit from anything the union does through collective bargaining.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould joined an \u003ca href=\"http://www.scotusblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/LABOR-LAW-FRIEDRICHS-AMICUS-BRIEF-FINAL-VERSION4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">amicus brief\u003c/a> on behalf of the CTA. The union argues that if nonmembers can be represented by the union without paying any fee, there would be a strong incentive to become a \"free rider\" and not join the union. Fewer paying members could lead to a weakened force at the negotiation table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Gould urges teachers like Friedrichs to voice their displeasure with union decisions by electing new leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I may object to President Bush pursuing the Iraq War, but I can’t determine for myself that my taxes used for those purposes should be withheld,\" he said. \"Similarly, the dissident employees may not like the unions’ pursuit of grievances of safety or wages in the collective bargaining process. The answer in both situations is to get different political leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Decision Could Shift Power at the Ballot Box\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court will also consider a second question, one that has direct implications for the political weight of public sector unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, teachers in California have the ability to opt out of funding the union's political activities. If they decide that they don't want to give the union money to support candidates, ballot measures and legislative lobbying, they will receive a refund for that portion of their dues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedrichs wants the court to change that and make opting \u003cem>in\u003c/em> the default option under the law. Such a system would require union members to fill out a form and agree to pay dues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any lapse in dues directed toward political purposes would have an adverse effect on the state's Democratic Party. The CTA has consistently given far more to Democrats than Republicans in statewide and legislative races, and the union's support for Democratic causes extends to \u003ca href=\"http://www.cta.org/About-CTA/News-Room/Press-Releases/2015/10/20151025.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">initiatives\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cta.org/Issues-and-Action/Legislation/Capitol-News/Bills-Awaiting-Governors-Approval.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">legislative lobbying\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will Case Split Conservatives on the Court?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The door to the eventual Friedrichs challenge was opened in the 2012 case \u003ca href=\"http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/11pdf/10-1121c4d6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Knox v. SEIU\u003c/a>, when conservative Justice Samuel Alito wrote in his decision that the union model requiring nonmembers to contribute was an \"anomaly\" not seen in other associations of doctors, professors or even neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the challenge has made it to the Supreme Court, the unlikely union ally may be another conservative, Antonin Scalia. In a 1991 case weighing union contributions and First Amendment rights, \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/500/507/case.html#550\" target=\"_blank\">Lehnert v. 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"content": "\u003cp>The city of Oakland is conducting a national search for the director of the new Department of Race and Equity, which the City Council approved on June 30, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Oakland-council-considers-department-of-race-and-6343141.php#photo-8198408\">City Council meeting\u003c/a> that same month, Councilwoman Desley Brooks, who proposed the office in February, said it would help improve issues like potholes in East Oakland, sex trafficking on International Boulevard and the water system of the city’s parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Portland lends Oakland Dante James\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>While Oakland looks for a permanent director of Race and Equity, Portland, Oregon, has entered into an agreement with Oakland to loan\u003ca href=\"http://www.opb.org/radio/programs/thinkoutloud/segment/dante-james-on-the-city-of-portlands-equity-priorities/\"> Dante James\u003c/a>, the equity director of Portland’s Office of Equity and Human Rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James has over 25 years of experience in social justice and civil rights work. He’s worked on the national, state and local level of government. He says his goal in Oakland is to lay the foundation for the permanent director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Laying a foundation means setting a stage for when the new director comes in,” he says. For James that means starting the conversation on equity for all the city agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Portland, James oversaw the development of training curricula, provided technical assistance and developed an equity lens tools for budgeting programs and policy implementation. He plans to do the same in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of technical assistance includes providing a checklist for those developing the city’s budget with questions like: How does this impact a particular community?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of people who do diversity work, but the work of equity is much broader than that because it encompasses service delivery of all the work the city does, from sewers to street signs to cutting the grass,” James says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What Does an Equitable Oakland Look Like?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>East Oakland resident Nehanda Imara says the ideal candidate will do a lot of community engagement around what equity means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says equity is a question of justice and fairness — how is the city distributing resources?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unfairness has been institutionalized so much that people who are running those programs don’t see it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She points to the prevalence of potholes and illegal dumping in East Oakland as examples, “There’s a perception that most of this dumping happens in the flatlands and not in the hills. This office should look very close at how public works resources are being used in the city and why.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Equity in Oakland, she says, would mean less dumping and timely reactions from Public Works in all of Oakland — from the flatlands to the hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Oakland’s Department of Race and Equity\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>As for the department, it will be staffed with a director and program analyst, says Deputy City Administrator Stephanie Hom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have authority coming out of the highest administrative department in the city,” she says. Hom adds that the first priority is to find the right director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ideal candidate is someone who [has] experience with government [and] therefore understands the layers of regulations that exist,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hom is also hoping for someone who can communicate, listen and connect with Oakland’s diverse communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the city is casting a wide net for this search. Hom says it’s really important that they get someone who has expertise in racial and social justice issues — like Dante James.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James, however, plans to return to Oregon in the spring. Hom says the new director will start in March.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The city of Oakland is conducting a national search for the director of the new Department of Race and Equity, which the City Council approved on June 30, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Oakland-council-considers-department-of-race-and-6343141.php#photo-8198408\">City Council meeting\u003c/a> that same month, Councilwoman Desley Brooks, who proposed the office in February, said it would help improve issues like potholes in East Oakland, sex trafficking on International Boulevard and the water system of the city’s parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Portland lends Oakland Dante James\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>While Oakland looks for a permanent director of Race and Equity, Portland, Oregon, has entered into an agreement with Oakland to loan\u003ca href=\"http://www.opb.org/radio/programs/thinkoutloud/segment/dante-james-on-the-city-of-portlands-equity-priorities/\"> Dante James\u003c/a>, the equity director of Portland’s Office of Equity and Human Rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James has over 25 years of experience in social justice and civil rights work. He’s worked on the national, state and local level of government. He says his goal in Oakland is to lay the foundation for the permanent director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Laying a foundation means setting a stage for when the new director comes in,” he says. For James that means starting the conversation on equity for all the city agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Portland, James oversaw the development of training curricula, provided technical assistance and developed an equity lens tools for budgeting programs and policy implementation. He plans to do the same in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of technical assistance includes providing a checklist for those developing the city’s budget with questions like: How does this impact a particular community?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of people who do diversity work, but the work of equity is much broader than that because it encompasses service delivery of all the work the city does, from sewers to street signs to cutting the grass,” James says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What Does an Equitable Oakland Look Like?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>East Oakland resident Nehanda Imara says the ideal candidate will do a lot of community engagement around what equity means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says equity is a question of justice and fairness — how is the city distributing resources?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unfairness has been institutionalized so much that people who are running those programs don’t see it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She points to the prevalence of potholes and illegal dumping in East Oakland as examples, “There’s a perception that most of this dumping happens in the flatlands and not in the hills. This office should look very close at how public works resources are being used in the city and why.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Equity in Oakland, she says, would mean less dumping and timely reactions from Public Works in all of Oakland — from the flatlands to the hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Oakland’s Department of Race and Equity\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>As for the department, it will be staffed with a director and program analyst, says Deputy City Administrator Stephanie Hom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have authority coming out of the highest administrative department in the city,” she says. Hom adds that the first priority is to find the right director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ideal candidate is someone who [has] experience with government [and] therefore understands the layers of regulations that exist,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hom is also hoping for someone who can communicate, listen and connect with Oakland’s diverse communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the city is casting a wide net for this search. Hom says it’s really important that they get someone who has expertise in racial and social justice issues — like Dante James.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James, however, plans to return to Oregon in the spring. Hom says the new director will start in March.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Black Student Unions Push UC to Sell Prison Investments",
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"content": "\u003cp>The University of California says it has sold off investments in three large prison companies after pressure last month from black student organizations -- but it's a move that's largely fiscal rather than the symbolic statement against prisons that the Afrikan Black Coalition wants to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, black student unions across California \u003ca href=\"http://afrikanblackcoalition.org/2015/12/17/black-student-unions-unanimously-call-for-prison-divestment/\">voted to call on \u003c/a>the UC system to divest in companies supporting prisons and mass incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10727523\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10727523\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-800x1248.jpg\" alt=\"Inmates at Chino State Prison walk the hallway.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1248\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10727523\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-800x1248.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-400x624.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-1440x2246.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-1180x1840.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-960x1497.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Inmates at Chino State Prison walk the hallway. \u003ccite>(Kevork Djansezian/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re coming from a moral and ethical perspective,\" says Anthony Williams, ABC's communications director for the Prison Divestment Campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ABC, which represents student unions across UC campuses, met with UC staff, which was \"very open\" to hearing from the students, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Office of the President has confirmed that it has sold almost $30 million in shares from three companies: Corrections Corporation of America, Geo Group Inc. and G4S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ABC also wanted the UC system to sell shares of Wells Fargo, which it alleges also invests in prison companies. The problem is that UC's investment in Wells Fargo is upward of $425 million, Williams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC is looking at it from a fiscal perspective, says Dianne Klein, director of media engagement and strategy in the UC president’s office. There's an obligation to serve current employees and its pension system, while meeting certain financial growth markers, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After meeting with ABC representatives and taking a look at what kind of financial outcome would result from cutting the three smaller private prison investments, UC decided it was in the university's interest to sell, says Klein. The three shares sold represent a small fraction of the thousands of investments that make up UC's roughly $100 billion portfolio, says Klein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the move doesn’t guarantee that the UC system won’t make future investments in prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a policy against divestment,” Klein says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the ABC applauds UC's commitment to meeting several times with students and then selling off prison stock, it doesn't go far enough, says Williams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to challenge it,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students at \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_29126199/stanford-university-students-call-full-divestment-from-fossil\">other schools, such as Stanford\u003c/a>, are also pushing for complete divestment policies in order to hold institutions accountable for setting the tone as mindful world leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams says this was a huge first step for the UC system. It's the first public university in the nation to sell off such investments that he's aware of, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/answer-sheet/wp/2015/07/15/columbia-university-divesting-from-private-prison-companies-why-other-schools-should-too/\">following a move by Columbia University\u003c/a> earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ABC plans to continue to put pressure on the UC system to accept a complete divestment policy, says Williams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They really do need to think about the moral implications that they’re investing in,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Klein says that the UC system has made many \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/editorials/article47210520.html\">social and moral investments\u003c/a>, like its participation in the recently announced clean energy venture fund.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The University of California says it has sold off investments in three large prison companies after pressure last month from black student organizations -- but it's a move that's largely fiscal rather than the symbolic statement against prisons that the Afrikan Black Coalition wants to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, black student unions across California \u003ca href=\"http://afrikanblackcoalition.org/2015/12/17/black-student-unions-unanimously-call-for-prison-divestment/\">voted to call on \u003c/a>the UC system to divest in companies supporting prisons and mass incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10727523\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10727523\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-800x1248.jpg\" alt=\"Inmates at Chino State Prison walk the hallway.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1248\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10727523\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-800x1248.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-400x624.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-1440x2246.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-1180x1840.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/ChinoStatePrison-960x1497.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Inmates at Chino State Prison walk the hallway. \u003ccite>(Kevork Djansezian/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re coming from a moral and ethical perspective,\" says Anthony Williams, ABC's communications director for the Prison Divestment Campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ABC, which represents student unions across UC campuses, met with UC staff, which was \"very open\" to hearing from the students, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Office of the President has confirmed that it has sold almost $30 million in shares from three companies: Corrections Corporation of America, Geo Group Inc. and G4S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ABC also wanted the UC system to sell shares of Wells Fargo, which it alleges also invests in prison companies. The problem is that UC's investment in Wells Fargo is upward of $425 million, Williams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC is looking at it from a fiscal perspective, says Dianne Klein, director of media engagement and strategy in the UC president’s office. There's an obligation to serve current employees and its pension system, while meeting certain financial growth markers, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After meeting with ABC representatives and taking a look at what kind of financial outcome would result from cutting the three smaller private prison investments, UC decided it was in the university's interest to sell, says Klein. The three shares sold represent a small fraction of the thousands of investments that make up UC's roughly $100 billion portfolio, says Klein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the move doesn’t guarantee that the UC system won’t make future investments in prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a policy against divestment,” Klein says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the ABC applauds UC's commitment to meeting several times with students and then selling off prison stock, it doesn't go far enough, says Williams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to challenge it,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students at \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_29126199/stanford-university-students-call-full-divestment-from-fossil\">other schools, such as Stanford\u003c/a>, are also pushing for complete divestment policies in order to hold institutions accountable for setting the tone as mindful world leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams says this was a huge first step for the UC system. It's the first public university in the nation to sell off such investments that he's aware of, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/answer-sheet/wp/2015/07/15/columbia-university-divesting-from-private-prison-companies-why-other-schools-should-too/\">following a move by Columbia University\u003c/a> earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ABC plans to continue to put pressure on the UC system to accept a complete divestment policy, says Williams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They really do need to think about the moral implications that they’re investing in,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Klein says that the UC system has made many \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/editorials/article47210520.html\">social and moral investments\u003c/a>, like its participation in the recently announced clean energy venture fund.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Oakland Teachers Struggle to Get Help for Kids Fleeing Violence",
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"content": "\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors fleeing violence in Central America are still arriving to live with family members or guardians in communities across California, while they wait for their court dates to find out if they can stay in this country. In fact, the numbers of children being detained at the U.S.-Mexico border \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-border-unaccompanied-children/fy-2016\">has more than doubled in October and November\u003c/a> compared with a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Los Angeles County has the largest number of these kids, and Alameda County is next. A steady stream of newcomers in Oakland has now filled all four of the school district's high school newcomer programs to capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her first-period ethnic studies class for newcomers, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/castlemont\">Castlemont High School\u003c/a> teacher Carrie Haslanger goes over how to communicate feelings in English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Scared. \u003cem>Repítelo\u003c/em>: scared,\" she says. The class repeats the word. \"Very good. ¿\u003cem>Y cómo se dice poderoso en ingles?\u003c/em> Powerful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238197385\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 10 students in this class, eight arrived just last week, from Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. For the other two, it's their very first day. Then, halfway through the class, three more students show up. Haslanger receives them with a smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, more students, great! \u003cem>Bienvenidos,\"\u003c/em> she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Close to 500 Central American students seeking refuge enrolled in Oakland schools since the district started tracking them in June 2013. The newcomer program at Castlemont High School was set up just this year, because three other high schools with newcomer programs were full. The district expected 100 new arrivals to enroll at Castlemont throughout the year, but the program was at capacity before winter break. Oakland Unified just announced four new teacher positions for newcomers and is looking at where to enroll new high school students who arrive in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being able to go to school in Oakland is a relief for some students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I stopped going to school for a year in Honduras because the gangs would wait outside and kidnap people,\" says one teenage girl, in Spanish, at her attorney's office at \u003ca href=\"http://centrolegal.org/\">Centro Legal de la Raza\u003c/a>. Her attorney asked not to disclose her name or school because her asylum case is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she was afraid in Honduras because girls with light-brown hair were being targeted by gangs. \"They say only the women in the gangs can have light hair,\" she says, \"so they rape girls and kill them. They put rocks in their intimate parts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers are having to learn fast how to teach kids English and subject content at the same time, and how to support children with extremely high levels of trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason I teach emotion words in the beginning is, in ethnic studies, we work to make sure all stories are told. And I start by saying the most important story is yours,\" says Carrie Haslanger. \"So giving them the first six words you saw today, happy, sad, angry, powerful, and then expanding the wheel so they're able to say depressed, blessed, optimistic, energetic. And from there we'll go into learning about ethnicity and race and class and gender. But first, that’s too much when you don't know how to say good morning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10799606\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10799606 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland teacher Carrie Haslanger is works hard to provide emotional and academic support to her newcomer students at Castlemont High School.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland teacher Carrie Haslanger works hard to provide emotional and academic support to her newcomer students at Castlemont High School. \u003ccite>(Zaidee Stavely/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Haslanger coordinates the newcomer program at Castlemont. Most of her students start in ninth grade, even if they are 16 or 17 when they arrive, since they don’t usually have credits they can transfer to high school. They take P.E. and music with other students, and they take five classes as a cohort. Teachers have to adapt these classes so they can teach English at the same time as algebra, science and computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's just one of the challenges teachers face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These students are fleeing a level of violence that I don’t know we can really comprehend in this country,\" says Haslanger. \"Two students I’m working with right now, one of them has seen massacres [of people] by the government ... in front of his eyes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That kind of trauma affects kids’ ability to learn and the way they react in the classroom. Haslanger says teachers get an hour and a half of training on how to teach English learners once a month, and they receive some training in teaching children who have experienced trauma, but she says it's not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When a teacher raises their voice at a young person and yells at them, that kid who has experienced trauma, sometimes they won't react, but the ones I’m working with are becoming defiant and angry and acting out,\" she says. Haslanger wants to see more training for teachers and translators for newcomers, as well as more after-school programs and mental health therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the height of the national media's attention to the children fleeing violence in Central America, Oakland Unified used private funds to hire a coordinator, Ariana Flores, to refer students to legal help and coordinate mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost every day, Flores can be found helping enroll students in school, handing out backpacks and Spanish-English dictionaries. Flores has referred hundreds of kids to free legal help, partially paid for by the city of Oakland, and she works hard to get them mental health services through community organizations that partner with the district. Alameda County set aside money for school-based mental health providers to bill for these services, since these students don't have health insurance. Still, there's a huge need for more Spanish-speaking therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re going to keep getting kids all year round, and on any given day a child can lose their housing, or can be triggered to a point where these emotions they’ve been tamping down for months come to a head,\" says Flores. \"It becomes this really difficult game of, all right, we’ve got three spots left and, you know, we’ve got six kids. This one kid is crying uncontrollably in class, this other kid is getting into fights. And which three do we choose?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That question could become a lot trickier in coming months, as school districts like Oakland begin to enroll some of the thousands of kids now being detained on the border.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors fleeing violence in Central America are still arriving to live with family members or guardians in communities across California, while they wait for their court dates to find out if they can stay in this country. In fact, the numbers of children being detained at the U.S.-Mexico border \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-border-unaccompanied-children/fy-2016\">has more than doubled in October and November\u003c/a> compared with a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Los Angeles County has the largest number of these kids, and Alameda County is next. A steady stream of newcomers in Oakland has now filled all four of the school district's high school newcomer programs to capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her first-period ethnic studies class for newcomers, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/castlemont\">Castlemont High School\u003c/a> teacher Carrie Haslanger goes over how to communicate feelings in English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Scared. \u003cem>Repítelo\u003c/em>: scared,\" she says. The class repeats the word. \"Very good. ¿\u003cem>Y cómo se dice poderoso en ingles?\u003c/em> Powerful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238197385&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238197385'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 10 students in this class, eight arrived just last week, from Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. For the other two, it's their very first day. Then, halfway through the class, three more students show up. Haslanger receives them with a smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, more students, great! \u003cem>Bienvenidos,\"\u003c/em> she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Close to 500 Central American students seeking refuge enrolled in Oakland schools since the district started tracking them in June 2013. The newcomer program at Castlemont High School was set up just this year, because three other high schools with newcomer programs were full. The district expected 100 new arrivals to enroll at Castlemont throughout the year, but the program was at capacity before winter break. Oakland Unified just announced four new teacher positions for newcomers and is looking at where to enroll new high school students who arrive in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being able to go to school in Oakland is a relief for some students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I stopped going to school for a year in Honduras because the gangs would wait outside and kidnap people,\" says one teenage girl, in Spanish, at her attorney's office at \u003ca href=\"http://centrolegal.org/\">Centro Legal de la Raza\u003c/a>. Her attorney asked not to disclose her name or school because her asylum case is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she was afraid in Honduras because girls with light-brown hair were being targeted by gangs. \"They say only the women in the gangs can have light hair,\" she says, \"so they rape girls and kill them. They put rocks in their intimate parts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers are having to learn fast how to teach kids English and subject content at the same time, and how to support children with extremely high levels of trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason I teach emotion words in the beginning is, in ethnic studies, we work to make sure all stories are told. And I start by saying the most important story is yours,\" says Carrie Haslanger. \"So giving them the first six words you saw today, happy, sad, angry, powerful, and then expanding the wheel so they're able to say depressed, blessed, optimistic, energetic. And from there we'll go into learning about ethnicity and race and class and gender. But first, that’s too much when you don't know how to say good morning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10799606\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10799606 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland teacher Carrie Haslanger is works hard to provide emotional and academic support to her newcomer students at Castlemont High School.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland teacher Carrie Haslanger works hard to provide emotional and academic support to her newcomer students at Castlemont High School. \u003ccite>(Zaidee Stavely/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Haslanger coordinates the newcomer program at Castlemont. Most of her students start in ninth grade, even if they are 16 or 17 when they arrive, since they don’t usually have credits they can transfer to high school. They take P.E. and music with other students, and they take five classes as a cohort. Teachers have to adapt these classes so they can teach English at the same time as algebra, science and computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's just one of the challenges teachers face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These students are fleeing a level of violence that I don’t know we can really comprehend in this country,\" says Haslanger. \"Two students I’m working with right now, one of them has seen massacres [of people] by the government ... in front of his eyes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That kind of trauma affects kids’ ability to learn and the way they react in the classroom. Haslanger says teachers get an hour and a half of training on how to teach English learners once a month, and they receive some training in teaching children who have experienced trauma, but she says it's not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When a teacher raises their voice at a young person and yells at them, that kid who has experienced trauma, sometimes they won't react, but the ones I’m working with are becoming defiant and angry and acting out,\" she says. Haslanger wants to see more training for teachers and translators for newcomers, as well as more after-school programs and mental health therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the height of the national media's attention to the children fleeing violence in Central America, Oakland Unified used private funds to hire a coordinator, Ariana Flores, to refer students to legal help and coordinate mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost every day, Flores can be found helping enroll students in school, handing out backpacks and Spanish-English dictionaries. Flores has referred hundreds of kids to free legal help, partially paid for by the city of Oakland, and she works hard to get them mental health services through community organizations that partner with the district. Alameda County set aside money for school-based mental health providers to bill for these services, since these students don't have health insurance. Still, there's a huge need for more Spanish-speaking therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re going to keep getting kids all year round, and on any given day a child can lose their housing, or can be triggered to a point where these emotions they’ve been tamping down for months come to a head,\" says Flores. \"It becomes this really difficult game of, all right, we’ve got three spots left and, you know, we’ve got six kids. This one kid is crying uncontrollably in class, this other kid is getting into fights. And which three do we choose?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That question could become a lot trickier in coming months, as school districts like Oakland begin to enroll some of the thousands of kids now being detained on the border.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
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