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"content": "\u003cp>Both the House and the Senate have passed the Respect for Marriage Act, which codifies same-sex and interracial marriages. The bill will head\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>to President Joe Biden’s desk to be signed into law, which is expected to happen soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation passed 258-169\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>in the House Thursday with bipartisan support, after passing through the Senate last week with \u003ca href=\"https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_votes/vote1172/vote_117_2_00362.htm\">a 61-36 vote\u003c/a>. Twelve Republican senators voted in favor of the bill.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Rep. Mark Takano (D-CA)\"]‘This bill will pass today but it is a reminder of the necessity of our vigilance in the fight for the human rights and need to hold the judicial branch accountable. We must rise to the challenge and we will prevail.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several LGBTQ members of Congress spoke on the House floor ahead of the vote, including Rep. Mark Takano, D-Calif., \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CDOC-108hdoc226/pdf/GPO-CDOC-108hdoc226-3-14.pdf\">the first (PDF)\u003c/a> openly gay person of color in Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This bill will pass today but it is a reminder of the necessity of our vigilance in the fight for the human rights and need to hold the judicial branch accountable,” Takano said. “We must rise to the challenge and we will prevail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would require that all states recognize same-sex and interracial marriages performed in any other state. It would not require that states individually allow these marriages to be performed. The measure also would recognize these marriages for consideration of federal benefits such as Medicare and Social Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amendments to the original House-passed bill, led by GOP negotiators Sens. Susan Collins, Thom Tillis and Rob Portman, make sure that nonprofit religious organizations are not required to help perform a same-sex marriage.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11919970,news_11933522,news_11922040\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure was first born out of the House this summer following the Supreme Court’s decision in \u003cem>Dobbs v. Jackson\u003c/em>, which held that access to abortion was not a constitutional right. Marriage rights advocates and Democrats expressed concern that the reversal could call other decisions regarding civil liberties into question, including marriage equality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his concurring opinion of the \u003cem>Dobbs \u003c/em>case,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/16/1137250797/same-sex-marriage-bill-advances-in-the-senate-with-bipartisan-support\"> Justice Clarence Thomas made a point to say \u003c/a>that the landmark 2015 case that legalized same-sex marriage, \u003cem>Obergefell v. Hodges\u003c/em>, rests on the same legal principles that underscored \u003cem>Roe\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While no case challenging the right to marry has yet made it to the Supreme Court, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/27/1107961494/lgbtq-advocate-jim-obergefell-fears-other-rights-are-at-risk-with-roe-overturned\">advocates feared \u003c/a>Thomas was setting the stage for \u003cem>Obergefell\u003c/em>‘s reversal.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The legislative victory comes as somewhat of a surprise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>House Democrats brought up the legislation months before the midterm election with little to no expectation that it would become law so quickly, but rather to put Republicans on record on a social issue that has the vast support of American society. But when a notable number of House Republicans joined with Democrats to pass the bill, it ultimately forced the Senate to act on legislation that Democratic leaders did not initially have on their Fall agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, after the dozen Republican senators voiced support for the legislation in a vote that ended debate on the measure, it permitted the legislation to advance toward a final vote in the upper chamber, which was held last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As vice president, Biden publicly broke with then-President Barack Obama to voice support for same-sex marriage rights in 2012. Obama \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2012/05/10/152396814/obama-endorses-same-sex-marriage\">ultimately\u003c/a> joined him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure was first born out of the House this summer following the Supreme Court’s decision in \u003cem>Dobbs v. Jackson\u003c/em>, which held that access to abortion was not a constitutional right. Marriage rights advocates and Democrats expressed concern that the reversal could call other decisions regarding civil liberties into question, including marriage equality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his concurring opinion of the \u003cem>Dobbs \u003c/em>case,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/16/1137250797/same-sex-marriage-bill-advances-in-the-senate-with-bipartisan-support\"> Justice Clarence Thomas made a point to say \u003c/a>that the landmark 2015 case that legalized same-sex marriage, \u003cem>Obergefell v. Hodges\u003c/em>, rests on the same legal principles that underscored \u003cem>Roe\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While no case challenging the right to marry has yet made it to the Supreme Court, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/27/1107961494/lgbtq-advocate-jim-obergefell-fears-other-rights-are-at-risk-with-roe-overturned\">advocates feared \u003c/a>Thomas was setting the stage for \u003cem>Obergefell\u003c/em>‘s reversal.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The legislative victory comes as somewhat of a surprise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>House Democrats brought up the legislation months before the midterm election with little to no expectation that it would become law so quickly, but rather to put Republicans on record on a social issue that has the vast support of American society. But when a notable number of House Republicans joined with Democrats to pass the bill, it ultimately forced the Senate to act on legislation that Democratic leaders did not initially have on their Fall agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, after the dozen Republican senators voiced support for the legislation in a vote that ended debate on the measure, it permitted the legislation to advance toward a final vote in the upper chamber, which was held last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As vice president, Biden publicly broke with then-President Barack Obama to voice support for same-sex marriage rights in 2012. Obama \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2012/05/10/152396814/obama-endorses-same-sex-marriage\">ultimately\u003c/a> joined him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "WNBA Star Brittney Griner Has Been Freed From a Russian Prison",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cem>Updated Dec. 8, 2022, at 11:37 a.m. ET\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>President Biden says WNBA star Brittney Griner has been freed from a Russian prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing alongside Griner's wife, Cherelle Griner, at the White House, Biden said it was a day that \"we worked toward for a long time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She's safe. She's on a plane. She's on her way home after months of being unjustly detained in Russia, held under intolerable conditions,\" Biden said from the Roosevelt Room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden spoke with Griner from the Oval Office just before making the announcement. He said she was in good spirits, but was experiencing \"trauma\" and would need time to heal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Brittney will soon be back in the arms of her loved ones and she should have been there all along,\" Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russia's Foreign Ministry confirmed Thursday in a press release that Griner was swapped at the Abu Dhabi airport for convicted Russian arms trader Viktor Bout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a result of intense efforts, we managed to agree with the American side on organization of an exchange of Bout for Griner,\" the foreign ministry said in a statement. \"The Russian citizen has been returned to his homeland.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government has long resisted prisoner swaps out of concern that it could encourage the imprisonment of more Americans abroad. The exchange for Bout should not be interpreted as a new normal practice, but that there are times where there are no alternatives, a Biden official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official said the administration felt a \"moral obligation,\" as well as a policy obligation, to bring people who are being held hostage or detained home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We start by asking ourselves this question: How is it acceptable for someone like Brittney Griner to be put through sham proceedings and forced to spend [time] ... in a Russian penal colony, in horrific circumstances that she did not deserve? And we regard that as unacceptable,\" the official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"brittney-griner\"]The exchange did not include former U.S. Marine Paul Whelan, who remains imprisoned in Russia on espionage charges that the U.S. says are false.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While we have not yet succeeded in securing Paul's release, we are not giving up,\" Biden said Thursday. \"We will never give up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior administration officials told reporters on a conference call later that the agreement to secure Griner's release was made in recent days after months of talks and a variety of proposals — proposals that were aimed at also trying to secure Whelan's release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Russians refused to consider Whelan's release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was not a situation where we had a choice of which American to bring home,\" an official told reporters on a conference call. \"It was a choice between bringing home one particular American — Brittney Griner — or bringing home none.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cherelle Griner said she was overwhelmed by emotions, expressing gratitude to Biden, Vice President Harris and other members of the administration involved in securing her wife's release. She thanked the WNBA, Griner's agent and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"BG and I will remain committed to the work of getting every American home, including Paul,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griner's detention had been a top priority for Biden and his administration — and he was under increasing pressure to secure her release. In July, she sent him a handwritten letter, saying \"I'm terrified I might be here forever.\" Biden said last month that he hoped Russian President Vladimir Putin would be more willing to discuss a prisoner exchange after the U.S. midterm elections were over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griner, who plays for the Phoenix Mercury, is a seven-time WNBA All-Star, a two-time Olympic gold medalist and the first openly gay athlete signed to an endorsement contract by Nike. She also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/03/07/1084945010/brittney-griner-russia-wnba\">played for Russia's UMMC Ekaterinburg \u003c/a>basketball team during the WNBA's offseason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was sentenced last August by a Russian court to nine years in prison for carrying less than a gram of hash oil into Russia when she arrived in February of this year for play in the Russian women's professional basketball league. Last month, she was transferred to a prison colony in Mordovia — 300 miles southeast of Moscow — to begin serving out her sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In court, Griner admitted to mistakenly packing two vape cartridges in her rush to pack her luggage — but provided documents that showed the hash oil was legally prescribed by her U.S. doctor for pain management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her arrest in February was just days before Russia invaded Ukraine as tensions between the United States and Moscow were rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government had labeled Griner \"wrongfully detained\" and sought a prisoner swap with Russia involving Griner and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/09/16/1123397409/joe-biden-brittney-griner-paul-whelan\">Whelan\u003c/a>. The White House said it made a \"substantial offer\" over the summer in exchange for Griner and Whelan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A U.S. official visited Whelan's sister on Wednesday to share the news about Griner, and a U.S. official also spoke to Whelan himself in prison to share the news. Biden intends to speak with Whelan's family as well, the official told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden said his team continues to work for his release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sadly for totally illegitimate reasons Russia is treating Paul's case different than Brittney's,\" Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WNBA+star+Brittney+Griner+has+been+freed+from+a+Russian+prison&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Griner was traded for convicted Russian arms dealer Viktor Bout. The swap did not include former Marine Paul Whelan, who remains imprisoned in Russia on espionage charges the US says are false. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cem>Updated Dec. 8, 2022, at 11:37 a.m. ET\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>President Biden says WNBA star Brittney Griner has been freed from a Russian prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing alongside Griner's wife, Cherelle Griner, at the White House, Biden said it was a day that \"we worked toward for a long time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She's safe. She's on a plane. She's on her way home after months of being unjustly detained in Russia, held under intolerable conditions,\" Biden said from the Roosevelt Room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden spoke with Griner from the Oval Office just before making the announcement. He said she was in good spirits, but was experiencing \"trauma\" and would need time to heal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Brittney will soon be back in the arms of her loved ones and she should have been there all along,\" Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russia's Foreign Ministry confirmed Thursday in a press release that Griner was swapped at the Abu Dhabi airport for convicted Russian arms trader Viktor Bout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a result of intense efforts, we managed to agree with the American side on organization of an exchange of Bout for Griner,\" the foreign ministry said in a statement. \"The Russian citizen has been returned to his homeland.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government has long resisted prisoner swaps out of concern that it could encourage the imprisonment of more Americans abroad. The exchange for Bout should not be interpreted as a new normal practice, but that there are times where there are no alternatives, a Biden official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official said the administration felt a \"moral obligation,\" as well as a policy obligation, to bring people who are being held hostage or detained home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We start by asking ourselves this question: How is it acceptable for someone like Brittney Griner to be put through sham proceedings and forced to spend [time] ... in a Russian penal colony, in horrific circumstances that she did not deserve? And we regard that as unacceptable,\" the official said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The exchange did not include former U.S. Marine Paul Whelan, who remains imprisoned in Russia on espionage charges that the U.S. says are false.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While we have not yet succeeded in securing Paul's release, we are not giving up,\" Biden said Thursday. \"We will never give up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior administration officials told reporters on a conference call later that the agreement to secure Griner's release was made in recent days after months of talks and a variety of proposals — proposals that were aimed at also trying to secure Whelan's release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Russians refused to consider Whelan's release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was not a situation where we had a choice of which American to bring home,\" an official told reporters on a conference call. \"It was a choice between bringing home one particular American — Brittney Griner — or bringing home none.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cherelle Griner said she was overwhelmed by emotions, expressing gratitude to Biden, Vice President Harris and other members of the administration involved in securing her wife's release. She thanked the WNBA, Griner's agent and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"BG and I will remain committed to the work of getting every American home, including Paul,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griner's detention had been a top priority for Biden and his administration — and he was under increasing pressure to secure her release. In July, she sent him a handwritten letter, saying \"I'm terrified I might be here forever.\" Biden said last month that he hoped Russian President Vladimir Putin would be more willing to discuss a prisoner exchange after the U.S. midterm elections were over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griner, who plays for the Phoenix Mercury, is a seven-time WNBA All-Star, a two-time Olympic gold medalist and the first openly gay athlete signed to an endorsement contract by Nike. She also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/03/07/1084945010/brittney-griner-russia-wnba\">played for Russia's UMMC Ekaterinburg \u003c/a>basketball team during the WNBA's offseason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was sentenced last August by a Russian court to nine years in prison for carrying less than a gram of hash oil into Russia when she arrived in February of this year for play in the Russian women's professional basketball league. Last month, she was transferred to a prison colony in Mordovia — 300 miles southeast of Moscow — to begin serving out her sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In court, Griner admitted to mistakenly packing two vape cartridges in her rush to pack her luggage — but provided documents that showed the hash oil was legally prescribed by her U.S. doctor for pain management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her arrest in February was just days before Russia invaded Ukraine as tensions between the United States and Moscow were rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government had labeled Griner \"wrongfully detained\" and sought a prisoner swap with Russia involving Griner and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/09/16/1123397409/joe-biden-brittney-griner-paul-whelan\">Whelan\u003c/a>. The White House said it made a \"substantial offer\" over the summer in exchange for Griner and Whelan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A U.S. official visited Whelan's sister on Wednesday to share the news about Griner, and a U.S. official also spoke to Whelan himself in prison to share the news. Biden intends to speak with Whelan's family as well, the official told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden said his team continues to work for his release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sadly for totally illegitimate reasons Russia is treating Paul's case different than Brittney's,\" Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WNBA+star+Brittney+Griner+has+been+freed+from+a+Russian+prison&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "'It's a World of Difference': Why Warnock’s Senate Win Matters for Democrats",
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"content": "\u003cp>Incumbent Sen. Raphael Warnock’s win in the Georgia Senate runoff could have far-reaching consequences legislatively and politically for Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The truth is it’s not a 1% difference,” Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer of New York said earlier this week. “It’s a world of difference.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock’s victory over former NFL and University of Georgia star Herschel Walker came after a shortened four-week runoff following a hotly contested election. Neither candidate got more than 50%, which pushed the race to a runoff.[aside postID=news_11934416 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/ap22339677222875_wide-0af19219ab41258231acabc15a5d4f6e572b6b96-1020x574.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the general election and the runoff, this race was the most expensive of the 2022 election cycle with some $425 million spent between the campaigns and outside groups supporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the result only expands the Democratic majority by one, from 50-50 to 51-49, party leadership and interest groups spent the kind of money they did because they clearly saw it as critically important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock’s win now gives Democrats firm control of the Senate and makes life easier for them in a number of ways. It gives them a cushion in trying to pass bills, assured committee control and eliminates procedural hurdles to carry on the business of the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how else that two-seat majority could make a big difference for Democrats in the Senate:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Avoiding power-sharing negotiations\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Schumer, Warnock’s triumph means he does not have to again negotiate a power-sharing arrangement with Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, Schumer and McConnell settled on an agreement to share power in the evenly split chamber after an early stalemate that stalled the confirmation of President Biden’s cabinet nominees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, McConnell insisted that Democrats maintain the Senate filibuster requiring 60 members — instead of a simple majority — to end debate on the floor before moving to vote.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"President Joe Biden\"]‘It’s always better with 51 … It’s just simply better. The bigger the numbers, the better.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell only dropped his demand after moderate Democrats Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona and Joe Manchin of West Virginia said they wouldn’t vote to undercut the filibuster, leaving Schumer short of 51 votes needed to kill the minority party protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without McConnell’s capitulation, the chamber would have been paralyzed, with Senate Democrats unable to take full control despite being in the majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No one-senator ‘veto’ power\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Democrats now have enough wiggle room to lose one vote in their caucus and still move bills through the chamber without issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only will Vice President Harris not likely have to be called in for as many tie-breaking votes, the extra seat has also changed how they factor Manchin into their political calculus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The West Virginia moderate often held his party hostage in the early years of Biden’s term, leveraging Democrats’ narrow majority to trim some of the president’s legislative priorities on votes that needed complete Democratic unity to pass. Manchin often cites not being comfortable voting against the will of his constituents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have always said, ‘If I can’t go back home and explain it, I can’t vote for it,'” Manchin wrote in a 2021 statement explaining his opposition to Biden’s Build Back Better Act as it was initially pitched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the bill eventually passed that November, Manchin forced negotiations that reduced its size, scope and cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Decisive committee makeup\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Because the current power-sharing agreement equally splits the Senate committees, tied votes must undergo an additional vote on the Senate floor to move ahead with bills or nominees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Warnock’s win means Democrats will likely have an extra seat on every committee, clearing an open path to passage when senators ubiquitously break on party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With 51, we can go bolder and quicker — to show Americans what Democrats stand for,” said Schumer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the next two years in Congress will likely look different than the last two. Republicans have captured the House majority and with it, waned Democrats’ potential to pass major legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As such, the party will likely seek to confirm as many judges as it can before 2024, and a 51st seat makes that easier too. A rules change introduced in 2013 by the former Democratic Majority Leader Harry Reid allows just a simple majority for these confirmations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking ahead of Warnock’s election, Biden plainly forecasted what a 51st seat would mean for his party. “It’s always better with 51,” he said, mostly weighing the potential for committee compositions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the committees aside, Warnock’s win offers Democrats a clear path for action for the final years of Biden’s term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And every one of those seats is going to matter if Democrats have any hope of holding onto the Senate beyond 2024. The party faces a difficult landscape to hold onto control of the chamber in two years with incumbent Senate Democrats up for reelection in places like West Virginia, Montana and Ohio, all Republican-leaning states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR senior political editor/correspondent Domenico Montanaro contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Incumbent Sen. Raphael Warnock’s win in the Georgia Senate runoff could have far-reaching consequences legislatively and politically for Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The truth is it’s not a 1% difference,” Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer of New York said earlier this week. “It’s a world of difference.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock’s victory over former NFL and University of Georgia star Herschel Walker came after a shortened four-week runoff following a hotly contested election. Neither candidate got more than 50%, which pushed the race to a runoff.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between the general election and the runoff, this race was the most expensive of the 2022 election cycle with some $425 million spent between the campaigns and outside groups supporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the result only expands the Democratic majority by one, from 50-50 to 51-49, party leadership and interest groups spent the kind of money they did because they clearly saw it as critically important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock’s win now gives Democrats firm control of the Senate and makes life easier for them in a number of ways. It gives them a cushion in trying to pass bills, assured committee control and eliminates procedural hurdles to carry on the business of the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how else that two-seat majority could make a big difference for Democrats in the Senate:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Avoiding power-sharing negotiations\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Schumer, Warnock’s triumph means he does not have to again negotiate a power-sharing arrangement with Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, Schumer and McConnell settled on an agreement to share power in the evenly split chamber after an early stalemate that stalled the confirmation of President Biden’s cabinet nominees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, McConnell insisted that Democrats maintain the Senate filibuster requiring 60 members — instead of a simple majority — to end debate on the floor before moving to vote.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell only dropped his demand after moderate Democrats Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona and Joe Manchin of West Virginia said they wouldn’t vote to undercut the filibuster, leaving Schumer short of 51 votes needed to kill the minority party protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without McConnell’s capitulation, the chamber would have been paralyzed, with Senate Democrats unable to take full control despite being in the majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No one-senator ‘veto’ power\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Democrats now have enough wiggle room to lose one vote in their caucus and still move bills through the chamber without issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only will Vice President Harris not likely have to be called in for as many tie-breaking votes, the extra seat has also changed how they factor Manchin into their political calculus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The West Virginia moderate often held his party hostage in the early years of Biden’s term, leveraging Democrats’ narrow majority to trim some of the president’s legislative priorities on votes that needed complete Democratic unity to pass. Manchin often cites not being comfortable voting against the will of his constituents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have always said, ‘If I can’t go back home and explain it, I can’t vote for it,'” Manchin wrote in a 2021 statement explaining his opposition to Biden’s Build Back Better Act as it was initially pitched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the bill eventually passed that November, Manchin forced negotiations that reduced its size, scope and cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Decisive committee makeup\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Because the current power-sharing agreement equally splits the Senate committees, tied votes must undergo an additional vote on the Senate floor to move ahead with bills or nominees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Warnock’s win means Democrats will likely have an extra seat on every committee, clearing an open path to passage when senators ubiquitously break on party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With 51, we can go bolder and quicker — to show Americans what Democrats stand for,” said Schumer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the next two years in Congress will likely look different than the last two. Republicans have captured the House majority and with it, waned Democrats’ potential to pass major legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As such, the party will likely seek to confirm as many judges as it can before 2024, and a 51st seat makes that easier too. A rules change introduced in 2013 by the former Democratic Majority Leader Harry Reid allows just a simple majority for these confirmations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking ahead of Warnock’s election, Biden plainly forecasted what a 51st seat would mean for his party. “It’s always better with 51,” he said, mostly weighing the potential for committee compositions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the committees aside, Warnock’s win offers Democrats a clear path for action for the final years of Biden’s term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And every one of those seats is going to matter if Democrats have any hope of holding onto the Senate beyond 2024. The party faces a difficult landscape to hold onto control of the chamber in two years with incumbent Senate Democrats up for reelection in places like West Virginia, Montana and Ohio, all Republican-leaning states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR senior political editor/correspondent Domenico Montanaro contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Sen. Raphael Warnock Defeats Herschel Walker in Georgia Senate Runoff",
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"content": "\u003cp>Democratic Sen. Raphael Warnock has won a full term in the U.S. Senate, defeating Republican football legend Herschel Walker in a campaign that tested Georgia’s position as a purple state and spurred debates about race, celebrity and partisan politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock’s victory gives Democrats a 51-49 Senate majority, ending their reliance on the vice president to break ties in an evenly divided chamber and improving the party’s prospects for holding its majority in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an election that hinged as much on the personalities of the two candidates as the policies they promoted, Warnock embraced his identity as a pastor to draw contrasts with his opponent, whose candidacy was dogged by controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the campaign, Walker stumbled to respond to allegations of domestic violence and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/04/1126692026/herschel-walker-rejects-abortion-report-georgia-republican\">claims\u003c/a> that he paid for ex-girlfriends’ abortions, despite expressing support for a nationwide ban on the procedure. He was also prone to gaffes and false claims, exaggerating his record in academics and business and displaying a loose grasp of policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is Warnock’s second runoff win in less than two years. In January 2021, he won another runoff contest to fill out the term of a retiring Republican, flipping the seat blue for the first time in years and clinching Democratic control of the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock is the first Black U.S. senator from Georgia. The campaign between Walker and Warnock made history as the first time two African Americans ran as the major party’s nominees for U.S. Senate from Georgia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s runoff was the latest barometer of whether Democrats’ electoral victories in Georgia last cycle signaled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/09/12/1122118393/georgia-abrams-warnock-rural-black-voters-elections-democrats-midterms\">new era\u003c/a> in the state’s politics. The race also reflected the extent of Donald Trump’s influence post-presidency. Walker, who Trump urged to run, was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/19/1137552158/the-path-looks-uncertain-for-democrats-after-losing-the-georgia-governorship-aga\">only\u003c/a> Georgia Republican not to win outright in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither Walker nor Warnock topped 50% in the general election, resulting in a runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the campaign trail, Warnock touted his bipartisan bonafides in Washington, even as Walker sought to tie him to President Biden, whose approval ratings are underwater in Georgia. Especially in the final weeks of the campaign, Warnock explicitly appealed to independents and Republican-leaning voters \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/18/1129590592/georgia-suburbs-democrats-abrams-kemp-warnock-walker-abortion-inflation\">hesitant\u003c/a> about Walker to support him instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about right and left,” Warnock told voters before a rally with former President Barack Obama last week in Atlanta. “This is about the difference between right and wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Walker won about 200,000 fewer votes than Republican Gov. Brian Kemp. The gap was most pronounced in Atlanta’s northern suburbs, once Republican strongholds that have trended toward Democrats in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My vote isn’t bound by party alone,” says Cameron Lewellen, who voted for Kemp in November and for Warnock both times. “It does actually matter what you say because I’m an American first and a Republican second.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Walker’s campaign tried to focus on the economy, his stump speech catered largely to the state’s most conservative voters, devoting as much time to criticizing transgender people in sports and the military as talking about inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His speeches were often light on policy and leaned heavily into his personal story and humorous anecdotes, including one now infamous aside about werewolves and vampires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need leaders in Washington who say if you don’t like the rules of the United States of America you can leave,” Walker recently told a crowd gathered inside a community gymnasium in Dalton. “That’s what we need right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaigns and outside groups \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/01/1139995258/georgia-senate-tv-spending-walker-warnock\">spent\u003c/a> roughly $80 million in television advertising for the 4-week runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1.8 million Georgians cast ballots by the end of \u003ca href=\"https://sos.ga.gov/data-hub-december-6-2022-runoff\">early voting\u003c/a> last week. Multiple days broke records for daily, in-person voting, reflecting both enthusiasm and a Republican-backed election law that condensed the runoff window from nine weeks to four. At some early vote locations, voters waited in lines for more than two hours to cast their ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born 115 miles and seven years apart, Walker and Warnock followed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/13/1128694481/with-two-black-men-running-for-senate-in-georgia-race-takes-center-stage\">diverging\u003c/a> paths to the heights of two of the most important institutions in the South – the church and college football.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decades after he played for the University of Georgia and later the NFL, Walker remains a celebrated figure in Georgia. At campaign stops, supporters line up carrying hats, jerseys and footballs for the former football star to autograph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock is the senior pastor at the church once led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and on the trail often channeled his hero’s emphasis on the overlap between activism and faith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so it was fitting that on the final weekend of campaigning, Warnock carved out his Sunday morning to preach from his pulpit at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. Across town, Walker snapped photos with fans tailgating outside Mercedes-Benz Stadium on Saturday, where his University of Georgia Bulldogs secured the SEC championship title.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 90.1 WABE. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.wabe.org/\">90.1 WABE\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Democratic+Sen.+Raphael+Warnock+defeats+Republican+Herschel+Walker+in+Georgia+runoff&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "After an exhaustive campaign cycle that stretched into December with a runoff election, Georgia elected Sen. Raphael Warnock to a full six-year term, giving Democrats a 51-seat Senate majority.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Democratic Sen. Raphael Warnock has won a full term in the U.S. Senate, defeating Republican football legend Herschel Walker in a campaign that tested Georgia’s position as a purple state and spurred debates about race, celebrity and partisan politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock’s victory gives Democrats a 51-49 Senate majority, ending their reliance on the vice president to break ties in an evenly divided chamber and improving the party’s prospects for holding its majority in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an election that hinged as much on the personalities of the two candidates as the policies they promoted, Warnock embraced his identity as a pastor to draw contrasts with his opponent, whose candidacy was dogged by controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the campaign, Walker stumbled to respond to allegations of domestic violence and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/04/1126692026/herschel-walker-rejects-abortion-report-georgia-republican\">claims\u003c/a> that he paid for ex-girlfriends’ abortions, despite expressing support for a nationwide ban on the procedure. He was also prone to gaffes and false claims, exaggerating his record in academics and business and displaying a loose grasp of policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is Warnock’s second runoff win in less than two years. In January 2021, he won another runoff contest to fill out the term of a retiring Republican, flipping the seat blue for the first time in years and clinching Democratic control of the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock is the first Black U.S. senator from Georgia. The campaign between Walker and Warnock made history as the first time two African Americans ran as the major party’s nominees for U.S. Senate from Georgia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s runoff was the latest barometer of whether Democrats’ electoral victories in Georgia last cycle signaled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/09/12/1122118393/georgia-abrams-warnock-rural-black-voters-elections-democrats-midterms\">new era\u003c/a> in the state’s politics. The race also reflected the extent of Donald Trump’s influence post-presidency. Walker, who Trump urged to run, was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/19/1137552158/the-path-looks-uncertain-for-democrats-after-losing-the-georgia-governorship-aga\">only\u003c/a> Georgia Republican not to win outright in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither Walker nor Warnock topped 50% in the general election, resulting in a runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the campaign trail, Warnock touted his bipartisan bonafides in Washington, even as Walker sought to tie him to President Biden, whose approval ratings are underwater in Georgia. Especially in the final weeks of the campaign, Warnock explicitly appealed to independents and Republican-leaning voters \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/18/1129590592/georgia-suburbs-democrats-abrams-kemp-warnock-walker-abortion-inflation\">hesitant\u003c/a> about Walker to support him instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about right and left,” Warnock told voters before a rally with former President Barack Obama last week in Atlanta. “This is about the difference between right and wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Walker won about 200,000 fewer votes than Republican Gov. Brian Kemp. The gap was most pronounced in Atlanta’s northern suburbs, once Republican strongholds that have trended toward Democrats in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My vote isn’t bound by party alone,” says Cameron Lewellen, who voted for Kemp in November and for Warnock both times. “It does actually matter what you say because I’m an American first and a Republican second.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Walker’s campaign tried to focus on the economy, his stump speech catered largely to the state’s most conservative voters, devoting as much time to criticizing transgender people in sports and the military as talking about inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His speeches were often light on policy and leaned heavily into his personal story and humorous anecdotes, including one now infamous aside about werewolves and vampires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need leaders in Washington who say if you don’t like the rules of the United States of America you can leave,” Walker recently told a crowd gathered inside a community gymnasium in Dalton. “That’s what we need right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaigns and outside groups \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/01/1139995258/georgia-senate-tv-spending-walker-warnock\">spent\u003c/a> roughly $80 million in television advertising for the 4-week runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1.8 million Georgians cast ballots by the end of \u003ca href=\"https://sos.ga.gov/data-hub-december-6-2022-runoff\">early voting\u003c/a> last week. Multiple days broke records for daily, in-person voting, reflecting both enthusiasm and a Republican-backed election law that condensed the runoff window from nine weeks to four. At some early vote locations, voters waited in lines for more than two hours to cast their ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born 115 miles and seven years apart, Walker and Warnock followed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/13/1128694481/with-two-black-men-running-for-senate-in-georgia-race-takes-center-stage\">diverging\u003c/a> paths to the heights of two of the most important institutions in the South – the church and college football.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decades after he played for the University of Georgia and later the NFL, Walker remains a celebrated figure in Georgia. At campaign stops, supporters line up carrying hats, jerseys and footballs for the former football star to autograph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warnock is the senior pastor at the church once led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and on the trail often channeled his hero’s emphasis on the overlap between activism and faith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so it was fitting that on the final weekend of campaigning, Warnock carved out his Sunday morning to preach from his pulpit at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. Across town, Walker snapped photos with fans tailgating outside Mercedes-Benz Stadium on Saturday, where his University of Georgia Bulldogs secured the SEC championship title.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 90.1 WABE. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.wabe.org/\">90.1 WABE\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Democratic+Sen.+Raphael+Warnock+defeats+Republican+Herschel+Walker+in+Georgia+runoff&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Racial Bias Affects Media Coverage of Missing People. A New Tool Illustrates How",
"headTitle": "NPR | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Thousands of people are reported missing in the United States each year. And while not every missing person case will get widespread media coverage, the fight to locate them — whether alive or dead — is always the main priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, when it comes to missing person cases involving people of color, that same media attention quickly dissolves, ultimately feeding into the phenomenon of '\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2017/04/13/523769303/what-we-know-and-dont-know-about-missing-white-women-syndrome\">Missing White Woman Syndrome\u003c/a>' — a phrase coined by the late journalist Gwen Ifill that addresses the media's fascination with \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4666788/user-clip-gwen-ifill-coins-term-missing-white-woman-syndrome\">covering attractive, middle class-looking white women\u003c/a> in comparison to missing persons of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This so-called media phenomenon never sat right with Kyle Pope, the editor and publisher of the Columbia Journalism Review (CJR), who in an interview with NPR said something had to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everybody talks about it and says 'We got to do something about it,' and nothing happens,\" Pope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you go missing and the press devotes a lot of attention to it, you have a better chance of a decent outcome, whereas you don't if they ignore it,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to start the conversation on how both newsrooms and individuals cover stories involving missing people, CJR launched a \u003ca href=\"http://www.areyoupressworthy.com\">new tool\u003c/a> that allows users to openly share their \"press value\" with the world if they were to go missing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new tool, called \"Are You Press Worthy?,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjr.org/analysis/how-much-coverage-are-you-worth.php\">estimates\u003c/a> that younger, white women will get increasingly more news coverage than other racial groups — such as Black, Latino and Indigenous people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To generate the database, researchers at CJR and advertising agency TBWA/Chiat/Day/New York \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjr.org/analysis/how-much-coverage-are-you-worth.php\">surveyed roughly 3,600 articles\u003c/a> about missing people reported last year by U.S. news outlets — including TV, radio, newspapers and digital media, according to a news release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From this, researchers were able to match the sampling in combination with factors such as age, gender and race from the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (\u003ca href=\"https://namus.nij.ojp.gov/\">NamUs\u003c/a>) database to create the analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The implications of this are literally life and death — the amount of media coverage you get immediately after you go missing has a direct result on what happens to your case,\" Pope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It's increasingly common for people of color to go missing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It's no secret that missing person cases across the United States are becoming way more common — as the numbers continue to increase each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On average, more than 600,000 people go missing in the U.S. each year, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/2021-ncic-missing-person-and-unidentified-person-statistics.pdf/view\">National Crime Information Center\u003c/a>. Research shows that in 2021 alone, nearly 521,000 people were reported missing across the U.S. — with 40% of those cases being missing persons of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And sadly, 38% of people who go missing in the U.S. are Black, which is double the U.S. Black population of about 14%, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.blackandmissinginc.com/statistics/\">Black and Missing Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I will say this, we are not naive to believe that every missing persons case will get national media attention,\" Natalie Wilson, co-founder of the Black and Missing Foundation — a non-profit organization dedicated to bringing awareness to missing persons of color — told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson said the nonprofit not only brings awareness to missing people of color across the U.S. but goes beyond the extra mile and helps families in the search for their missing loved one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we're trying to do is change that narrative — to show that our missing are important, too,\" Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Some families are still dealing with how the media covers missing persons of color\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>David Robinson II wishes he wasn't intimately aware of how the media chooses to cover missing people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David's son, Daniel, was last seen leaving a job site in Buckeye, Ariz., on June 23, 2021, and was reported missing later that day. It's been almost 18 months since Daniel went missing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David tells NPR that when it came to his son, a Black man who moved to Phoenix for a job as a field geologist after graduating from college in 2019, it was extremely difficult to try and get any sort of media attention about his disappearance — which he describes as offensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once I got [to Arizona], of course, I was on [the search] to find my son. I knew how important it was to get the word out about my son's case,\" David said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says after nearly three months of trying to grab the attention of local news outlets, he finally was able to get \u003ca href=\"https://pleasehelpfinddaniel.com/\">news coverage\u003c/a> for Daniel's disappearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The media wasn't really at the time reaching back out. So I had to keep pressing and pressing, but it took a lot of hard work,\" David said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>There are groups working to address the lack of coverage gap\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>News outlets as a whole are continuing to recognize this ongoing form of explicit media bias. Some local and national news outlets are making an effort to be more inclusive when it comes to covering missing person cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, several organizations and websites are working together to raise awareness and tell the often-untold stories that normally wouldn't get media attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ourblackgirls.com/\">Our Black Girls\u003c/a> centers on the stories of Black girls and women who have gone missing or, in some cases, were found dead under mysterious circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Launched in 2018 by journalist Erika Marie Rivers, the website is a one-woman show — as Rivers spends her nights scouring missing persons databases, archived news footage, old articles and other information she can find to piece together these untold stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wanted to have a space where the stories of Black girls and Black women were being shared in this kind of culture of infotainment when it comes to true crime,\" Rivers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the website's launch four years ago, Rivers has published an article nearly every other day. She told NPR that while it may be a grueling schedule, she keeps the website up and running — because, as she emphasizes, she could have easily been one of these missing girls and women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This isn't a part of some greater organization. It's just me at home really kind of trying to do the work on behalf of my community ... to show other people that whatever resources you have, you don't have to have a lot to do a lot or even just to impact a little,\" Rivers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You never know how that's going to change someone's life or help someone within your own community feel seen,\" she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson echoed these sentiments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We all have a responsibility to not only stand up for ourselves but to raise awareness about this issue. It's really a pandemic that's affecting our community,\" Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Racial+bias+affects+media+coverage+of+missing+people.+A+new+tool+illustrates+how&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Thousands of people are reported missing in the United States each year. And while not every missing person case will get widespread media coverage, the fight to locate them — whether alive or dead — is always the main priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, when it comes to missing person cases involving people of color, that same media attention quickly dissolves, ultimately feeding into the phenomenon of '\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2017/04/13/523769303/what-we-know-and-dont-know-about-missing-white-women-syndrome\">Missing White Woman Syndrome\u003c/a>' — a phrase coined by the late journalist Gwen Ifill that addresses the media's fascination with \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4666788/user-clip-gwen-ifill-coins-term-missing-white-woman-syndrome\">covering attractive, middle class-looking white women\u003c/a> in comparison to missing persons of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This so-called media phenomenon never sat right with Kyle Pope, the editor and publisher of the Columbia Journalism Review (CJR), who in an interview with NPR said something had to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everybody talks about it and says 'We got to do something about it,' and nothing happens,\" Pope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you go missing and the press devotes a lot of attention to it, you have a better chance of a decent outcome, whereas you don't if they ignore it,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to start the conversation on how both newsrooms and individuals cover stories involving missing people, CJR launched a \u003ca href=\"http://www.areyoupressworthy.com\">new tool\u003c/a> that allows users to openly share their \"press value\" with the world if they were to go missing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new tool, called \"Are You Press Worthy?,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjr.org/analysis/how-much-coverage-are-you-worth.php\">estimates\u003c/a> that younger, white women will get increasingly more news coverage than other racial groups — such as Black, Latino and Indigenous people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To generate the database, researchers at CJR and advertising agency TBWA/Chiat/Day/New York \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjr.org/analysis/how-much-coverage-are-you-worth.php\">surveyed roughly 3,600 articles\u003c/a> about missing people reported last year by U.S. news outlets — including TV, radio, newspapers and digital media, according to a news release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From this, researchers were able to match the sampling in combination with factors such as age, gender and race from the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (\u003ca href=\"https://namus.nij.ojp.gov/\">NamUs\u003c/a>) database to create the analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The implications of this are literally life and death — the amount of media coverage you get immediately after you go missing has a direct result on what happens to your case,\" Pope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It's increasingly common for people of color to go missing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It's no secret that missing person cases across the United States are becoming way more common — as the numbers continue to increase each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On average, more than 600,000 people go missing in the U.S. each year, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/2021-ncic-missing-person-and-unidentified-person-statistics.pdf/view\">National Crime Information Center\u003c/a>. Research shows that in 2021 alone, nearly 521,000 people were reported missing across the U.S. — with 40% of those cases being missing persons of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And sadly, 38% of people who go missing in the U.S. are Black, which is double the U.S. Black population of about 14%, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.blackandmissinginc.com/statistics/\">Black and Missing Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I will say this, we are not naive to believe that every missing persons case will get national media attention,\" Natalie Wilson, co-founder of the Black and Missing Foundation — a non-profit organization dedicated to bringing awareness to missing persons of color — told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson said the nonprofit not only brings awareness to missing people of color across the U.S. but goes beyond the extra mile and helps families in the search for their missing loved one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we're trying to do is change that narrative — to show that our missing are important, too,\" Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Some families are still dealing with how the media covers missing persons of color\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>David Robinson II wishes he wasn't intimately aware of how the media chooses to cover missing people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David's son, Daniel, was last seen leaving a job site in Buckeye, Ariz., on June 23, 2021, and was reported missing later that day. It's been almost 18 months since Daniel went missing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David tells NPR that when it came to his son, a Black man who moved to Phoenix for a job as a field geologist after graduating from college in 2019, it was extremely difficult to try and get any sort of media attention about his disappearance — which he describes as offensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once I got [to Arizona], of course, I was on [the search] to find my son. I knew how important it was to get the word out about my son's case,\" David said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says after nearly three months of trying to grab the attention of local news outlets, he finally was able to get \u003ca href=\"https://pleasehelpfinddaniel.com/\">news coverage\u003c/a> for Daniel's disappearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The media wasn't really at the time reaching back out. So I had to keep pressing and pressing, but it took a lot of hard work,\" David said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>There are groups working to address the lack of coverage gap\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>News outlets as a whole are continuing to recognize this ongoing form of explicit media bias. Some local and national news outlets are making an effort to be more inclusive when it comes to covering missing person cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, several organizations and websites are working together to raise awareness and tell the often-untold stories that normally wouldn't get media attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ourblackgirls.com/\">Our Black Girls\u003c/a> centers on the stories of Black girls and women who have gone missing or, in some cases, were found dead under mysterious circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Launched in 2018 by journalist Erika Marie Rivers, the website is a one-woman show — as Rivers spends her nights scouring missing persons databases, archived news footage, old articles and other information she can find to piece together these untold stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wanted to have a space where the stories of Black girls and Black women were being shared in this kind of culture of infotainment when it comes to true crime,\" Rivers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the website's launch four years ago, Rivers has published an article nearly every other day. She told NPR that while it may be a grueling schedule, she keeps the website up and running — because, as she emphasizes, she could have easily been one of these missing girls and women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This isn't a part of some greater organization. It's just me at home really kind of trying to do the work on behalf of my community ... to show other people that whatever resources you have, you don't have to have a lot to do a lot or even just to impact a little,\" Rivers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You never know how that's going to change someone's life or help someone within your own community feel seen,\" she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson echoed these sentiments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We all have a responsibility to not only stand up for ourselves but to raise awareness about this issue. It's really a pandemic that's affecting our community,\" Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Racial+bias+affects+media+coverage+of+missing+people.+A+new+tool+illustrates+how&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>If the \u003ca href=\"https://apeconcerts.com/venues/castro-theatre/\">Castro Theatre\u003c/a> didn’t exist, then neither would Sophia Padilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I always joke that I was conceived at the Castro Theatre,” said the San Francisco resident, who happened to be passing by the iconic, one-hundred-year-old movie palace on a recent afternoon while out walking her dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla said her parents first met in line to see a movie at the theater, 27 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Both of them were on dates with other people, actually,” Padilla said. “They fell in love right here. And I’ve been coming to the Castro to see movies for my entire 26-year life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla also said the Castro Theatre helped to forge her queer identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Castro really helped me find who I was,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11934113\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-scaled.jpe\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11934113\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-800x600.jpe\" alt=\"a woman in a green jacket poses with her dog in front of a historic movie theater\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-800x600.jpe 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-1020x765.jpe 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-160x120.jpe 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-1536x1152.jpe 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-2048x1536.jpe 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-1920x1440.jpe 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco resident and movie fan Sophia Padilla poses outside the Castro Theatre with her dog. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Located in the heart of one of the country’s most high-profile LGBTQ neighborhoods, the Castro Theatre has played a prominent role in San Francisco’s cultural and social evolution for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"arts_13917362,forum_2010101890364,news_11922643\"]Besides hosting major film festivals like the San Francisco International Film Festival and the San Francisco Silent Film Festival, the venue has long been a bastion of queer cinema and community events. Highlights include the first ever public screening of the 2008 movie \u003cem>Milk\u003c/em> about the pioneering openly gay politician Harvey Milk, the annual Frameline queer movie festival, and an abundance of drag performance nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Castro Theatre is like a sacred temple for the community,” said \u003ca href=\"https://castrolgbtq.org/\">Castro LGBTQ Cultural District \u003c/a>board member Jesse Sanford. “It’s where we gather to laugh together, cry together, learn our history, and mourn our losses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the recent purchase of the theater’s lease by \u003ca href=\"https://apeconcerts.com/\">Another Planet Entertainment\u003c/a>, which operates a handful of mostly music-oriented venues and festivals around the San Francisco Bay Area, has led to a struggle for the theater’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Another Planet’s plan will mean that films rarely get shown, and community events rarely happen,” said Sanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Conservationists push back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Castro LGBTQ Cultural District is one of several local groups pushing back against Another Planet’s plans to refocus the venue’s programming and make sweeping renovations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a hundred-year-old theater. You can’t just change it any way you want,” said Peter Pastreich, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.savethecastrotheatre.org/\">Castro Theatre Conservancy\u003c/a>, a group that was formed three years ago to address concerns about the increasingly dilapidated state of the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11934114\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-scaled.jpe\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11934114\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-800x600.jpe\" alt=\"an older man in a dark blue suit with a white beard and glasses smiles in front of a theater\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-800x600.jpe 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-1020x765.jpe 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-160x120.jpe 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-1536x1152.jpe 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-2048x1536.jpe 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-1920x1440.jpe 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Castro Theatre Conservancy executive director Peter Pastreich at the Castro Theatre. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pastreich said his group welcomes some of the proposed upgrades, such as putting in wheelchair access and a new HVAC system, and touching up the interior’s grand mural’d walls, chandeliers and leather-effect ceiling. He estimates renovating the theater would cost $20-30 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We aren’t opposed to Another Planet or anybody else who will renovate the theater and keep it open,” Pastreich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It all comes down to the seating\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The activists’ main point of contention is the leaseholder’s plans for the theater’s seating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The plans are to take out the seats and level the floor, which would make the theater no longer appropriate for movies,” Pastreich says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of people, including many celebrities like Francis Ford Coppola, Alice Waters and Tilda Swinton, have signed the conservancy’s petition to prevent Another Planet’s renovations from going ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The building is already in-part protected. The City of San Francisco gave landmark status to the exterior in 1977. Now these activists are trying to get the city to expand the designation to include the building’s interior. If that happens, it will be much harder for the leaseholder to rip out the theater’s 1400 seats, and flatten the floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11934115\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-scaled.jpe\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11934115\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-800x534.jpe\" alt=\"the interior of an ornate historic movie theatre with red seats and a chandelier\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-800x534.jpe 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-1020x680.jpe 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-160x107.jpe 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-1536x1025.jpe 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-2048x1366.jpe 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-1920x1281.jpe 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Castro Theatre’s interior. \u003ccite>(Andrew Rosas)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Changing the seating is a big deal,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.mlambrosphotography.com/\">Matt Lambros\u003c/a>, a Boston-based photographer of historic movie theaters who has written several books on the topic. “You could ruin the sight-lines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a few thousand old, single-screen movie palaces like the Castro still in operation in the U.S. today, down from tens of thousands in their pre-World-War-II heyday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lambros said in order for these cinemas to survive, the seating has to do more than accommodate movie-goers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s interest in restoring these places,” he said. “The issue is, you have to find something that will bring people. For the most part, unfortunately, a 1500-or 2000-seat theater showing films, that’s just not viable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who want the theater’s seating plan to remain intact point out that the Castro has hosted all kinds of non-movie events over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is possible to have the theater be conducive to movie-going and concert-going and comedy and spoken word presentations and community meetings,” said \u003ca href=\"https://silentfilm.org/\">San Francisco Silent Film Festival\u003c/a> director Anita Monga. “All of that is possible with the existing seats and same configuration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Another Planet pushes ahead\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Another Planet spokesman Alex Tourk said that despite its plan to remove the movie-style seating, the company is committed to honoring the theater’s legacy. “They absolutely want to continue to show film,” Tourk said. “They committed to making sure that 25% of programming would be dedicated to the LGBTQ community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the company has been shocked by all the pushback, given its solid reputation as a concert and festival producer, and its plan to put $15 million towards renovating the theater. “Another Planet did expect some opposition,” he said. “But the level of vitriol has been beyond the pale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tourk said even if the landmark designation for the theater’s interior goes ahead next year, Another Planet will not, at least for now, be deterred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Another Planet will continue to work with the city to find consensus and move the vision forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fight+over+seats+could+define+future+of+iconic+San+Francisco+movie+theater+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If the \u003ca href=\"https://apeconcerts.com/venues/castro-theatre/\">Castro Theatre\u003c/a> didn’t exist, then neither would Sophia Padilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I always joke that I was conceived at the Castro Theatre,” said the San Francisco resident, who happened to be passing by the iconic, one-hundred-year-old movie palace on a recent afternoon while out walking her dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla said her parents first met in line to see a movie at the theater, 27 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Both of them were on dates with other people, actually,” Padilla said. “They fell in love right here. And I’ve been coming to the Castro to see movies for my entire 26-year life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla also said the Castro Theatre helped to forge her queer identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Castro really helped me find who I was,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11934113\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-scaled.jpe\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11934113\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-800x600.jpe\" alt=\"a woman in a green jacket poses with her dog in front of a historic movie theater\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-800x600.jpe 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-1020x765.jpe 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-160x120.jpe 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-1536x1152.jpe 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-2048x1536.jpe 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/sophiapadilla-772b04087ecf02b3dd7e016b4374740bef8f659c-1920x1440.jpe 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco resident and movie fan Sophia Padilla poses outside the Castro Theatre with her dog. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Located in the heart of one of the country’s most high-profile LGBTQ neighborhoods, the Castro Theatre has played a prominent role in San Francisco’s cultural and social evolution for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Besides hosting major film festivals like the San Francisco International Film Festival and the San Francisco Silent Film Festival, the venue has long been a bastion of queer cinema and community events. Highlights include the first ever public screening of the 2008 movie \u003cem>Milk\u003c/em> about the pioneering openly gay politician Harvey Milk, the annual Frameline queer movie festival, and an abundance of drag performance nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Castro Theatre is like a sacred temple for the community,” said \u003ca href=\"https://castrolgbtq.org/\">Castro LGBTQ Cultural District \u003c/a>board member Jesse Sanford. “It’s where we gather to laugh together, cry together, learn our history, and mourn our losses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the recent purchase of the theater’s lease by \u003ca href=\"https://apeconcerts.com/\">Another Planet Entertainment\u003c/a>, which operates a handful of mostly music-oriented venues and festivals around the San Francisco Bay Area, has led to a struggle for the theater’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Another Planet’s plan will mean that films rarely get shown, and community events rarely happen,” said Sanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Conservationists push back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Castro LGBTQ Cultural District is one of several local groups pushing back against Another Planet’s plans to refocus the venue’s programming and make sweeping renovations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a hundred-year-old theater. You can’t just change it any way you want,” said Peter Pastreich, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.savethecastrotheatre.org/\">Castro Theatre Conservancy\u003c/a>, a group that was formed three years ago to address concerns about the increasingly dilapidated state of the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11934114\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-scaled.jpe\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11934114\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-800x600.jpe\" alt=\"an older man in a dark blue suit with a white beard and glasses smiles in front of a theater\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-800x600.jpe 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-1020x765.jpe 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-160x120.jpe 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-1536x1152.jpe 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-2048x1536.jpe 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/img_7616-320ab002f413ff743466e70ddc947dff99d2c84d-1920x1440.jpe 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Castro Theatre Conservancy executive director Peter Pastreich at the Castro Theatre. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pastreich said his group welcomes some of the proposed upgrades, such as putting in wheelchair access and a new HVAC system, and touching up the interior’s grand mural’d walls, chandeliers and leather-effect ceiling. He estimates renovating the theater would cost $20-30 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We aren’t opposed to Another Planet or anybody else who will renovate the theater and keep it open,” Pastreich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It all comes down to the seating\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The activists’ main point of contention is the leaseholder’s plans for the theater’s seating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The plans are to take out the seats and level the floor, which would make the theater no longer appropriate for movies,” Pastreich says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of people, including many celebrities like Francis Ford Coppola, Alice Waters and Tilda Swinton, have signed the conservancy’s petition to prevent Another Planet’s renovations from going ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The building is already in-part protected. The City of San Francisco gave landmark status to the exterior in 1977. Now these activists are trying to get the city to expand the designation to include the building’s interior. If that happens, it will be much harder for the leaseholder to rip out the theater’s 1400 seats, and flatten the floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11934115\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-scaled.jpe\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11934115\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-800x534.jpe\" alt=\"the interior of an ornate historic movie theatre with red seats and a chandelier\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-800x534.jpe 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-1020x680.jpe 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-160x107.jpe 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-1536x1025.jpe 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-2048x1366.jpe 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/castro_2.8.22_rosasandrew_23-copy_custom-54d51f69ab1b36290c8f6c747b6061b3de0f0c3d-1920x1281.jpe 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Castro Theatre’s interior. \u003ccite>(Andrew Rosas)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Changing the seating is a big deal,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.mlambrosphotography.com/\">Matt Lambros\u003c/a>, a Boston-based photographer of historic movie theaters who has written several books on the topic. “You could ruin the sight-lines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a few thousand old, single-screen movie palaces like the Castro still in operation in the U.S. today, down from tens of thousands in their pre-World-War-II heyday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lambros said in order for these cinemas to survive, the seating has to do more than accommodate movie-goers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s interest in restoring these places,” he said. “The issue is, you have to find something that will bring people. For the most part, unfortunately, a 1500-or 2000-seat theater showing films, that’s just not viable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who want the theater’s seating plan to remain intact point out that the Castro has hosted all kinds of non-movie events over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is possible to have the theater be conducive to movie-going and concert-going and comedy and spoken word presentations and community meetings,” said \u003ca href=\"https://silentfilm.org/\">San Francisco Silent Film Festival\u003c/a> director Anita Monga. “All of that is possible with the existing seats and same configuration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Another Planet pushes ahead\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Another Planet spokesman Alex Tourk said that despite its plan to remove the movie-style seating, the company is committed to honoring the theater’s legacy. “They absolutely want to continue to show film,” Tourk said. “They committed to making sure that 25% of programming would be dedicated to the LGBTQ community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the company has been shocked by all the pushback, given its solid reputation as a concert and festival producer, and its plan to put $15 million towards renovating the theater. “Another Planet did expect some opposition,” he said. “But the level of vitriol has been beyond the pale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tourk said even if the landmark designation for the theater’s interior goes ahead next year, Another Planet will not, at least for now, be deterred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Another Planet will continue to work with the city to find consensus and move the vision forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fight+over+seats+could+define+future+of+iconic+San+Francisco+movie+theater+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>If you stroll the cold and flu medicine aisle these days, you might notice shelves that are bare, or nearly so. Some medicines that can be particularly hard to find are fever reducers for kids, like children’s Tylenol, Motrin or Advil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug manufacturers point to a big spike in demand. That’s not surprising, given the surge in three respiratory viruses right now: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2022/11/22/1137649962/experts-are-concerned-thanksgiving-gatherings-could-accelerate-a-tripledemic\">COVID, RSV and influenza, what has been termed a “tripledemic.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson & Johnson makes \u003ca href=\"https://www.tylenol.com/products/children-infants\">Children’s Tylenol\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.motrin.com/products/childrens-motrin\">Children’s Motrin\u003c/a>. It says there is no nationwide shortage — just a lot of demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Consumer demand for pediatric pain relievers in the U.S. is high, but there are no supply chain issues and we do not have an overall shortage in the U.S.,” company spokesperson Melissa Witt said in an email to NPR. The company says it is “experiencing high consumer demand and are doing everything we can to make sure people have access to the products they need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, sales of pediatric internal analgesics — which includes drugs like acetaminophen and ibuprofen — were up more than 26% in October compared with a year earlier. That’s according to data from the Consumer Healthcare Products Association (CHPA), a trade group that represents manufacturers of over-the-counter drugs.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Anita Brikman, spokesperson, CHPA\"]‘If families start to stock up in worry, as opposed to buying what they need, we are concerned that that could amplify the situation.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there may not be a countrywide shortage, there is one part of the U.S. where finding these meds is most difficult: areas near the Canadian border. The Buffalo-Rochester area of western New York is seeing the highest demand in the U.S., CHPA says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sales for such products in the Buffalo-Rochester market surged 53% in October compared to a year earlier. That’s very likely the result of \u003ca href=\"https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2022/11/15/health-canada-says-more-childrens-pain-medication-is-on-the-way-but-not-how-much.html\">an ongoing shortage of kids’ pain and fever medications in Canada\u003c/a>, with Buffalo’s close proximity to Toronto making it an ideal place for Canadians to buy such products in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spot check on Thursday in Washington, D.C., of four stores — a Giant supermarket, a CVS, a Target, and a Bed Bath & Beyond — found low supplies of children’s fever-reducers, though each had at least a few of such medicines available. Supplies were low of cold and flu products for adults, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The supply chain is strong,” says Anita Brikman, a spokesperson for CHPA. But parents and caregivers may need to check more than one store, buy a store brand instead of a name brand, or order products online, she suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Parents have a range of options for treating fevers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So what to do if you have a fevered child, and are struggling to find Children’s Tylenol or a similar product?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a good chance you don’t even need to use medicine, says Dr. Sean O’Leary, a professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, as well as the chair of the Committee on Infectious Diseases for the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These medicines are not curative. They don’t alter the duration of the illness or anything like that. They are essentially purely for comfort,” he tells NPR.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>“Fevers from common respiratory viruses in and of themselves are not harmful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He offers a scenario. “If [a child’s] temp is 103, but he’s running around the room having a good time playing, you don’t need to do anything with that. That’s not going to hurt him. Fever is representing our body’s immune response to an infection. On the other hand, if he doesn’t have a fever, but his throat is hurting, something is bothering him, he’s pretty fussy — then that’s where things like ibuprofen or Tylenol, acetaminophen can be helpful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AAP has guidance on \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/fever/Pages/Medications-Used-to-Treat-Fever.aspx\">treating a child’s fever\u003c/a>, as well advice on \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/fever/Pages/Treating-a-Fever-Without-Medicine.aspx\">treating a fever without medicine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often when kids do have a fever, they do feel pretty crummy, and so that’s a time to use such medicines — “It’s to treat how the child is feeling,” O’Leary says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fever is a more serious concern in \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/fever/Pages/Fever-and-Your-Baby.aspx\">infants\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/fever/Pages/febrile-seizures.aspx\">children who experience febrile seizures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fever in very young infants, in newborns, is actually a different situation, and that’s something that does need evaluation,” O’Leary says. “Essentially, the younger the child, the more concerned you should be about a fever. For example, a 2-week-old with a fever is something that needs immediate medical attention. A 6-month-old with a fever that’s otherwise doing well does not need immediate medical attention. [Parents] can simply call their child’s pediatrician to get that checked out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Be very careful with adapting adult medications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Parents at home might be eyeing their bottle of adult acetaminophen or ibuprofen and wondering if they could give a smaller amount to their sick child. But there’s reason to be very cautious with that — and to consult a doctor or pharmacist first to find out the correct dosage for your particular child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For both acetaminophen and ibuprofen, there are potential toxicities from taking too much — some of which can be quite severe, particularly for acetaminophen. So you really have to be careful when you do that,” O’Leary says.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Dr. Sean O'Leary, professor of pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine\"]‘These medicines are not curative. They don’t alter the duration of the illness or anything like that. They are essentially purely for comfort. Fevers from common respiratory viruses in and of themselves are not harmful.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wendy Mobley-Bukstein, a professor of pharmacy practice at Drake University and the president of the American Pharmacists Association Academy of Pharmacy Practice and Management, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s best to talk to the doctor or pharmacist,” she tells NPR. If a parent or caregiver “can weigh [the child] at home, tell us what they weigh on their scale at home, we can figure out what an appropriate dose would be for them to take,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She explains that repetitively giving a child too large a dose could have liver implications with acetaminophen, and kidney implications with ibuprofen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Mobley-Bukstein has another piece of advice: Get kids vaccinated for COVID-19 and flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if you still get the flu or even if you still get COVID, it’s definitely going to lessen the severity of the disease itself. And so just making sure that they’re getting their immunizations is really important,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>PSA: Please don’t hoard the meds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Brikman at the CPHA worries that the notion that there is a shortage will spur parents to buy more than they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If families start to stock up in worry, as opposed to buying what they need, we are concerned that that could amplify the situation,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you were thinking of stocking up on a bunch of fever meds just in case, Mobley-Bukstein has a practical warning: These products do expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So putting a whole bunch of them in your medicine cabinet at home might not serve you if you don’t get sick, or if your kids don’t get sick,” she says. “It’s important for us to remember that they do have expiration dates, that it can be dangerous to give [children] expired medications. And so only buy what you need when you need it, and use up what you have at home before you go and buy new, if it’s still in date.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you stroll the cold and flu medicine aisle these days, you might notice shelves that are bare, or nearly so. Some medicines that can be particularly hard to find are fever reducers for kids, like children’s Tylenol, Motrin or Advil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug manufacturers point to a big spike in demand. That’s not surprising, given the surge in three respiratory viruses right now: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2022/11/22/1137649962/experts-are-concerned-thanksgiving-gatherings-could-accelerate-a-tripledemic\">COVID, RSV and influenza, what has been termed a “tripledemic.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson & Johnson makes \u003ca href=\"https://www.tylenol.com/products/children-infants\">Children’s Tylenol\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.motrin.com/products/childrens-motrin\">Children’s Motrin\u003c/a>. It says there is no nationwide shortage — just a lot of demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Consumer demand for pediatric pain relievers in the U.S. is high, but there are no supply chain issues and we do not have an overall shortage in the U.S.,” company spokesperson Melissa Witt said in an email to NPR. The company says it is “experiencing high consumer demand and are doing everything we can to make sure people have access to the products they need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, sales of pediatric internal analgesics — which includes drugs like acetaminophen and ibuprofen — were up more than 26% in October compared with a year earlier. That’s according to data from the Consumer Healthcare Products Association (CHPA), a trade group that represents manufacturers of over-the-counter drugs.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there may not be a countrywide shortage, there is one part of the U.S. where finding these meds is most difficult: areas near the Canadian border. The Buffalo-Rochester area of western New York is seeing the highest demand in the U.S., CHPA says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sales for such products in the Buffalo-Rochester market surged 53% in October compared to a year earlier. That’s very likely the result of \u003ca href=\"https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2022/11/15/health-canada-says-more-childrens-pain-medication-is-on-the-way-but-not-how-much.html\">an ongoing shortage of kids’ pain and fever medications in Canada\u003c/a>, with Buffalo’s close proximity to Toronto making it an ideal place for Canadians to buy such products in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spot check on Thursday in Washington, D.C., of four stores — a Giant supermarket, a CVS, a Target, and a Bed Bath & Beyond — found low supplies of children’s fever-reducers, though each had at least a few of such medicines available. Supplies were low of cold and flu products for adults, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The supply chain is strong,” says Anita Brikman, a spokesperson for CHPA. But parents and caregivers may need to check more than one store, buy a store brand instead of a name brand, or order products online, she suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Parents have a range of options for treating fevers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So what to do if you have a fevered child, and are struggling to find Children’s Tylenol or a similar product?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a good chance you don’t even need to use medicine, says Dr. Sean O’Leary, a professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, as well as the chair of the Committee on Infectious Diseases for the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These medicines are not curative. They don’t alter the duration of the illness or anything like that. They are essentially purely for comfort,” he tells NPR.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>“Fevers from common respiratory viruses in and of themselves are not harmful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He offers a scenario. “If [a child’s] temp is 103, but he’s running around the room having a good time playing, you don’t need to do anything with that. That’s not going to hurt him. Fever is representing our body’s immune response to an infection. On the other hand, if he doesn’t have a fever, but his throat is hurting, something is bothering him, he’s pretty fussy — then that’s where things like ibuprofen or Tylenol, acetaminophen can be helpful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AAP has guidance on \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/fever/Pages/Medications-Used-to-Treat-Fever.aspx\">treating a child’s fever\u003c/a>, as well advice on \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/fever/Pages/Treating-a-Fever-Without-Medicine.aspx\">treating a fever without medicine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often when kids do have a fever, they do feel pretty crummy, and so that’s a time to use such medicines — “It’s to treat how the child is feeling,” O’Leary says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fever is a more serious concern in \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/fever/Pages/Fever-and-Your-Baby.aspx\">infants\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/fever/Pages/febrile-seizures.aspx\">children who experience febrile seizures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fever in very young infants, in newborns, is actually a different situation, and that’s something that does need evaluation,” O’Leary says. “Essentially, the younger the child, the more concerned you should be about a fever. For example, a 2-week-old with a fever is something that needs immediate medical attention. A 6-month-old with a fever that’s otherwise doing well does not need immediate medical attention. [Parents] can simply call their child’s pediatrician to get that checked out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Be very careful with adapting adult medications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Parents at home might be eyeing their bottle of adult acetaminophen or ibuprofen and wondering if they could give a smaller amount to their sick child. But there’s reason to be very cautious with that — and to consult a doctor or pharmacist first to find out the correct dosage for your particular child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For both acetaminophen and ibuprofen, there are potential toxicities from taking too much — some of which can be quite severe, particularly for acetaminophen. So you really have to be careful when you do that,” O’Leary says.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘These medicines are not curative. They don’t alter the duration of the illness or anything like that. They are essentially purely for comfort. Fevers from common respiratory viruses in and of themselves are not harmful.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wendy Mobley-Bukstein, a professor of pharmacy practice at Drake University and the president of the American Pharmacists Association Academy of Pharmacy Practice and Management, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s best to talk to the doctor or pharmacist,” she tells NPR. If a parent or caregiver “can weigh [the child] at home, tell us what they weigh on their scale at home, we can figure out what an appropriate dose would be for them to take,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She explains that repetitively giving a child too large a dose could have liver implications with acetaminophen, and kidney implications with ibuprofen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Mobley-Bukstein has another piece of advice: Get kids vaccinated for COVID-19 and flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if you still get the flu or even if you still get COVID, it’s definitely going to lessen the severity of the disease itself. And so just making sure that they’re getting their immunizations is really important,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>PSA: Please don’t hoard the meds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Brikman at the CPHA worries that the notion that there is a shortage will spur parents to buy more than they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If families start to stock up in worry, as opposed to buying what they need, we are concerned that that could amplify the situation,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you were thinking of stocking up on a bunch of fever meds just in case, Mobley-Bukstein has a practical warning: These products do expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So putting a whole bunch of them in your medicine cabinet at home might not serve you if you don’t get sick, or if your kids don’t get sick,” she says. “It’s important for us to remember that they do have expiration dates, that it can be dangerous to give [children] expired medications. And so only buy what you need when you need it, and use up what you have at home before you go and buy new, if it’s still in date.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Twitter's Former Safety Chief Warns Musk Is Moving Fast and 'Breaking Things'",
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"content": "\u003cp>Elon Musk's rapid changes at Twitter are risking the safety of its most vulnerable users around the world, including human rights activists, free speech advocates and marginalized people in autocratic countries, according to the social network's former head of trust and safety. [aside postID=news_11930570 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1244262469-1-1020x578.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People need to very thoughtfully and carefully weigh the costs and benefits of using Twitter, given their personal security situation,\" Yoel Roth, who resigned from his position as Twitter's Head of Trust & Safety, told \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> host Ari Shapiro. \"And that's a terrifying prospect to have to come to terms with, especially for many people who have spent the better part of a decade building a platform and an audience and a community on Twitter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Musk completed his $44 billion purchase of Twitter in late October, the billionaire has upended the company and the platform, sowing chaos and confusion for employees, users and the advertisers it depends on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk has rapidly transformed Twitter's previous approach to what is and isn't allowed. He reinstated accounts that had been barred for violating Twitter's rules, including that of former President Donald Trump, who was banned after the Jan. 6th, 2021, U.S. Capitol insurrection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Musk announced a \"general amnesty\" for many suspended accounts (\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/01/1140166140/kanye-west-ye-parler\">although he also suspended Ye, the rapper formerly known as Kanye West, on Thursday after Ye posted an image of a swastika inside a Star of David\u003c/a>). This week, Twitter quietly updated its online rulebook to say \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/29/1139822833/twitter-covid-misinformation-policy-not-enforced\">it was no longer enforcing policies against misleading claims about COVID-19\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/17/1137413251/twitter-employees-quit-elon-musk\">Meanwhile Musk laid off half the company's staff and issued an ultimatum asking remaining employees to commit to a new \"hardcore\" Twitter or resign\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/30/1139924914/twitters-chaos-could-make-political-violence-worse-outside-of-the-u-s\">That's dramatically shrunk the number of people working to keep Twitter users safe\u003c/a>. The cuts include contract content moderators, the company's human rights team and investigators working to curb political manipulation and child sexual abuse material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's the real risk. You can't do this work with a skeleton crew,\" Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, which no longer has a communications staff, did not respond to a request for comment. \u003ca href=\"https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2022/twitter-2-0-our-continued-commitment-to-the-public-conversation\">In a blog post this week signed by \"The Twitter Team,\"\u003c/a> the company said its policies have not changed and that it \"continues its diligent work to keep the platform safe from hateful conduct, abusive behavior, and any violation of Twitter's rules.\" It said the trust and safety team \"remains strong and well-resourced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth said Twitter had been justifiably criticized for being too slow to change. But Musk's rapid transformation of the small, but highly influential, social network alarms him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In place of that perhaps overly slow culture, Mr. Musk is introducing a culture of moving quickly and, unfortunately, breaking things as a result,\" Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the nearly eight years Roth spent at Twitter, he saw the company through a cascade of crises, from Russian interference in the 2016 election to the company's unprecedented decision to ban Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Musk took control, Roth was one of the few high-level executives remaining at the company as the new owner fired top management.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Musk on Twitter versus Musk in private\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Roth described a gap between Musk's public persona as a brash and capricious autocrat – Musk changed his bio to \"Chief Twit\" after closing the deal – and the seasoned executive whom Roth interacted with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those caricatures weren't true to my experience with him,\" Roth said. \"A lot of the times in the weeks that we worked together, when a situation would come up and I would explain the rules, I would explain the factors influencing the situation, and I would suggest a course of action that was aligned with our policies, he would listen to and, oftentimes, accept that approach.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, one of Musk's first priorities was to bring back some controversial accounts, including the Babylon Bee, a conservative satirical site that was suspended for misgendering a Biden administration official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth and Musk discussed whether reinstating the account would entail a broader change to Twitter's rules against misgendering or be a singular exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[Musk] was convinced ultimately that taking that kind of one-off action would undermine Twitter's rules and would create gaps in consistency of enforcement that would make Twitter a less trustworthy place,\" Roth said. (Musk would go on to reinstate the Babylon Bee's account along with others after Roth resigned).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the days went on, Roth found that wasn't always the case. When Musk took over, Roth wrote down \"red lines\" he was unwilling to cross, including breaking the law and lying publicly. An important one: he would only stay as long as decisions were made based on Twitter's policies and principles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What matters to me, ultimately, is not the decision, but how the decision is made,\" he said. \"I wouldn't want to be a part of undermining [Twitter's approach to governing the platform] with capricious decision-making. And unfortunately, that's what happened.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth resigned from Twitter on Nov. 10th, a day after Twitter's botched rollout of an $8 a month subscription plan giving users blue checkmarks. The checks previously indicated the company had verified the identity of high-profile users, but under the new program, Twitter wasn't making any effort to confirm subscribers were who they claimed to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That unleashed a flood of accounts impersonating politicians, celebrities and big brands, further inflaming relations with advertisers, who were already wary of the platform's direction under Musk. Roth's team had prepared a lengthy document warning how the feature could be abused in exactly this way, and proposing guardrails to mitigate those risks, but was largely ignored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just the day before he quit, Roth had appeared with Musk in a public Twitter audio chat where they attempted to reassure advertisers that the platform was still a safe place for their brands.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Advertisers flee, hate speech increases\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Less than a month after Musk took over, half of Twitter's top 100 advertisers appeared to have halted spending on the platform, according to data compiled by the liberal nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.mediamatters.org/elon-musk/less-month-elon-musk-has-driven-away-half-twitters-top-100-advertisers\">Media Matters for America\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil rights groups have documented a rise in hate speech on Twitter since Musk took over. The company had said a trolling campaign originating on far-right message boards drove a surge in racist, homophobic and antisemitic slurs right after the deal closed, but that it had stepped up enforcement and banned many of the accounts responsible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, Musk tweeted a graph showing \"impressions\" of hate speech – meaning how many times people saw such tweets – are lower than the level before he took control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a new report from the nonprofit Center for Countering Digital Hate found the daily number of tweets containing hateful terms was \"substantially higher\" in late November, compared to the baseline before he bought Twitter. The number of tweets with the n-word tripled in that time, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1598755659499044879\">Musk disputed CCDH's report as \"utterly false\"\u003c/a> and said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1598758363650719756\">hate speech impressions are less than 0.1% of what's seen on Twitter\u003c/a>. He pledged to publish the rate of hate speech impressions weekly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth said he and former colleagues are \"heartbroken\" to see what's happening to their efforts to keep Twitter users safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What happens on Twitter can move markets, can change elections, and it can impact the safety of millions of people around the world,\" he said. \"More than anything else, people [who have left the company] are worried about what will happen, given Twitter's importance in the world, if there isn't a team left to do that type of work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People need to very thoughtfully and carefully weigh the costs and benefits of using Twitter, given their personal security situation,\" Yoel Roth, who resigned from his position as Twitter's Head of Trust & Safety, told \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> host Ari Shapiro. \"And that's a terrifying prospect to have to come to terms with, especially for many people who have spent the better part of a decade building a platform and an audience and a community on Twitter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Musk completed his $44 billion purchase of Twitter in late October, the billionaire has upended the company and the platform, sowing chaos and confusion for employees, users and the advertisers it depends on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk has rapidly transformed Twitter's previous approach to what is and isn't allowed. He reinstated accounts that had been barred for violating Twitter's rules, including that of former President Donald Trump, who was banned after the Jan. 6th, 2021, U.S. Capitol insurrection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Musk announced a \"general amnesty\" for many suspended accounts (\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/01/1140166140/kanye-west-ye-parler\">although he also suspended Ye, the rapper formerly known as Kanye West, on Thursday after Ye posted an image of a swastika inside a Star of David\u003c/a>). This week, Twitter quietly updated its online rulebook to say \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/29/1139822833/twitter-covid-misinformation-policy-not-enforced\">it was no longer enforcing policies against misleading claims about COVID-19\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/17/1137413251/twitter-employees-quit-elon-musk\">Meanwhile Musk laid off half the company's staff and issued an ultimatum asking remaining employees to commit to a new \"hardcore\" Twitter or resign\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/30/1139924914/twitters-chaos-could-make-political-violence-worse-outside-of-the-u-s\">That's dramatically shrunk the number of people working to keep Twitter users safe\u003c/a>. The cuts include contract content moderators, the company's human rights team and investigators working to curb political manipulation and child sexual abuse material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's the real risk. You can't do this work with a skeleton crew,\" Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, which no longer has a communications staff, did not respond to a request for comment. \u003ca href=\"https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2022/twitter-2-0-our-continued-commitment-to-the-public-conversation\">In a blog post this week signed by \"The Twitter Team,\"\u003c/a> the company said its policies have not changed and that it \"continues its diligent work to keep the platform safe from hateful conduct, abusive behavior, and any violation of Twitter's rules.\" It said the trust and safety team \"remains strong and well-resourced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth said Twitter had been justifiably criticized for being too slow to change. But Musk's rapid transformation of the small, but highly influential, social network alarms him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In place of that perhaps overly slow culture, Mr. Musk is introducing a culture of moving quickly and, unfortunately, breaking things as a result,\" Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the nearly eight years Roth spent at Twitter, he saw the company through a cascade of crises, from Russian interference in the 2016 election to the company's unprecedented decision to ban Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Musk took control, Roth was one of the few high-level executives remaining at the company as the new owner fired top management.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Musk on Twitter versus Musk in private\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Roth described a gap between Musk's public persona as a brash and capricious autocrat – Musk changed his bio to \"Chief Twit\" after closing the deal – and the seasoned executive whom Roth interacted with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those caricatures weren't true to my experience with him,\" Roth said. \"A lot of the times in the weeks that we worked together, when a situation would come up and I would explain the rules, I would explain the factors influencing the situation, and I would suggest a course of action that was aligned with our policies, he would listen to and, oftentimes, accept that approach.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, one of Musk's first priorities was to bring back some controversial accounts, including the Babylon Bee, a conservative satirical site that was suspended for misgendering a Biden administration official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth and Musk discussed whether reinstating the account would entail a broader change to Twitter's rules against misgendering or be a singular exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[Musk] was convinced ultimately that taking that kind of one-off action would undermine Twitter's rules and would create gaps in consistency of enforcement that would make Twitter a less trustworthy place,\" Roth said. (Musk would go on to reinstate the Babylon Bee's account along with others after Roth resigned).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the days went on, Roth found that wasn't always the case. When Musk took over, Roth wrote down \"red lines\" he was unwilling to cross, including breaking the law and lying publicly. An important one: he would only stay as long as decisions were made based on Twitter's policies and principles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What matters to me, ultimately, is not the decision, but how the decision is made,\" he said. \"I wouldn't want to be a part of undermining [Twitter's approach to governing the platform] with capricious decision-making. And unfortunately, that's what happened.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth resigned from Twitter on Nov. 10th, a day after Twitter's botched rollout of an $8 a month subscription plan giving users blue checkmarks. The checks previously indicated the company had verified the identity of high-profile users, but under the new program, Twitter wasn't making any effort to confirm subscribers were who they claimed to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That unleashed a flood of accounts impersonating politicians, celebrities and big brands, further inflaming relations with advertisers, who were already wary of the platform's direction under Musk. Roth's team had prepared a lengthy document warning how the feature could be abused in exactly this way, and proposing guardrails to mitigate those risks, but was largely ignored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just the day before he quit, Roth had appeared with Musk in a public Twitter audio chat where they attempted to reassure advertisers that the platform was still a safe place for their brands.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Advertisers flee, hate speech increases\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Less than a month after Musk took over, half of Twitter's top 100 advertisers appeared to have halted spending on the platform, according to data compiled by the liberal nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.mediamatters.org/elon-musk/less-month-elon-musk-has-driven-away-half-twitters-top-100-advertisers\">Media Matters for America\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil rights groups have documented a rise in hate speech on Twitter since Musk took over. The company had said a trolling campaign originating on far-right message boards drove a surge in racist, homophobic and antisemitic slurs right after the deal closed, but that it had stepped up enforcement and banned many of the accounts responsible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, Musk tweeted a graph showing \"impressions\" of hate speech – meaning how many times people saw such tweets – are lower than the level before he took control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a new report from the nonprofit Center for Countering Digital Hate found the daily number of tweets containing hateful terms was \"substantially higher\" in late November, compared to the baseline before he bought Twitter. The number of tweets with the n-word tripled in that time, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1598755659499044879\">Musk disputed CCDH's report as \"utterly false\"\u003c/a> and said \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1598758363650719756\">hate speech impressions are less than 0.1% of what's seen on Twitter\u003c/a>. He pledged to publish the rate of hate speech impressions weekly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth said he and former colleagues are \"heartbroken\" to see what's happening to their efforts to keep Twitter users safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What happens on Twitter can move markets, can change elections, and it can impact the safety of millions of people around the world,\" he said. \"More than anything else, people [who have left the company] are worried about what will happen, given Twitter's importance in the world, if there isn't a team left to do that type of work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org.\">npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Twitter%27s+former+safety+chief+warns+Musk+is+moving+fast+and+%22breaking+things%22&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Impersonators paying for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/25/1139218045/twitter-verification-subscription-relaunch-elon-musk\">blue “verified” checkmarks\u003c/a>. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/17/1137413251/twitter-employees-quit-elon-musk\">decimated team of workers\u003c/a> enforcing rules against hate speech and other violating posts. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailydot.com/debug/antifa-twitter-accounts-list-telegram/\">mass reporting campaign\u003c/a> by right-wing activists targeting political opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the chaotic changes unleashed by Elon Musk, Twitter users in the U.S. are confronting problems that have long plagued the social network in other parts of the world – and which are at risk of getting even worse under its new billionaire owner, according to human rights and freedom of expression advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not clear to me at all that Musk knows the kinds of liability he’s creating with these sort of antics,” said Thenmozhi Soundararajan, executive director of Equality Labs, which advocates for the rights of Dalits, the community at the bottom of India’s caste hierarchy. “I think Musk lacks the cultural competency, he’s not getting proper legal advice around this issue, and so he’s endangering millions of people’s lives just for his whims,” she said.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"twitter\"]While Musk hasn’t publicly spoken about the implications of his vision for Twitter outside the U.S., activists and advocates point to a wealth of examples of how social media has enabled and exacerbated political, ethnic and religious conflicts, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/14/1064011279/facebook-is-being-sued-by-rohingya-refugees-over-myanmar-violence\">genocide in Myanmar\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/18/629731693/fake-news-turns-deadly-in-india\">mob killings in India\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/15/1046106922/social-media-misinformation-stokes-a-worsening-civil-war-in-ethiopia\">civil war in Ethiopia\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The majority world, the global south, is an expert in all of these issues,” said Mishi Choudhary, a lawyer and founder of the Software Freedom Law Center, an Indian digital rights organization. “I generally say that we have been watching the same reality TV show,” she added, and “India is two or three seasons ahead” of the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Layoffs decimate internationally-focused teams \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Musk’s recent announcement that he will grant many suspended Twitter accounts \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/25/1139197362/elon-musk-says-he-will-grant-amnesty-to-suspended-twitter-accounts\">“amnesty,”\u003c/a> following an unscientific poll of Twitter users, is escalating alarm about how the platform could be abused. The company has already begun to reinstate some 62,000 accounts with more than 10,000 followers, according to the tech newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://www.platformer.news/p/why-some-tech-ceos-are-rooting-for\">Platformer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twitter and every other platform have always struggled to effectively enforce content moderation guidelines and other policies outside of the U.S. and especially in non-Western countries,” said Shannon McGregor, a communications professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. “They don’t have enough people who understand the language and the culture and the politics to be involved in these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was before Musk laid off more than half of Twitter’s staff, with \u003ca href=\"https://restofworld.org/2022/global-twitter-employees-layoffs/\">teams outside the U.S.\u003c/a> hit especially hard, and eliminated thousands of contractors, many of whom do the difficult daily work of monitoring millions of tweets. Hundreds more employees have resigned rather than commit to the CEO’s call for a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/16/1137105935/twitter-elon-musk-ultimatum\">“hardcore” Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter’s \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ShannonRSingh/status/1588591603622772736\">human rights team\u003c/a> is gone. So is a group of investigators tracking state-backed domestic manipulation efforts in high-risk countries including Honduras, Ethiopia and India, according to a former employee. Its team fighting propaganda has been “radically reduced,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/27/twitter-china-spam-protests/\">\u003cem>Washington Post \u003c/em>reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, which has laid off its communications staff, didn’t respond to NPR’s questions for this story. In a \u003ca href=\"https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2022/twitter-2-0-our-continued-commitment-to-the-public-conversation\">blog post\u003c/a> published Thursday, the company said its policies had not changed and it remained “committed to providing a safe, inclusive, entertaining, and informative experience for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Trust & Safety team continues its diligent work to keep the platform safe from hateful conduct, abusive behavior, and any violation of Twitter’s rules,” the post, signed by “The Twitter Team,” said. “The team remains strong and well-resourced, and automated detection plays an increasingly important role in eliminating abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But automation is not perfect: this week, Twitter’s software failed to detect newly posted videos of the 2019 attack on mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand. The company only removed the clips after it was alerted by the New Zealand government, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/28/twitter-failed-to-detect-upload-of-christchurch-mosque-terror-attack-videos\">\u003cem>The Guardian\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Automated systems also require human input to reflect the cultural and linguistic challenges of a company that operates around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before Musk acquired Twitter, it was understood within the company that markets in South Asia, including India, were countries in which mass atrocity was agreed to be occurring. … One tweet could set off a pogrom,” Soundararajan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of Twitter’s trust and safety council – an outside group of advisers – Soundararajan’s group worked with the company, giving feedback on potential risks of various features and developing lists of racist, casteist and sexist slurs used to help police the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Musk took control, the trust and safety council group hasn’t met with or heard from the new owner – despite his claim he wanted to set up an outside \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/31/1132906782/elon-musk-twitter-pelosi-conspiracy\">“content moderation council.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve gotten an email early in November that basically acknowledged the staffing changes and let us know that they were going to reach back out in December,” Soundararajan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Twitter staffers Soundararajan typically communicates with have disappeared. “Our emails bounce back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Potential for blue checkmark abuse\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Against that backdrop, Musk’s plans to relaunch a subscription offering that would give accounts checkmark badges – previously used to indicate Twitter had verified the identity of high-profile accounts – are a source of additional concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial rollout of the feature allowed anyone to buy an $8 monthly subscription and receive a blue checkmark with no identity verification. Immediately, accounts popped up impersonating celebrities, companies and politicians, forcing Twitter to halt signups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk has said the feature will return, with different colored checkmarks for different kinds of accounts, and that going forward, all verified accounts will be “manually authenticated.” It’s not clear how Twitter will authenticate accounts or if it has sufficient staff to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former employees and experts warn the risk of abuse is high, especially by those seeking to use the feature to influence public conversation, given that subscribers are being promised greater amplification on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The possibility for different kinds of media manipulation and disinformation campaigns to proliferate is enormous,” said Joan Donovan, research director at Harvard’s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before Musk actually put the checkmarks up for sale, Twitter has struggled with bad actors illicitly selling verified accounts in places like the Middle East, Turkey and Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Nigeria, for example, verified accounts have traded hands for at least $5,000 in the past, according to Rosemary Ajayi, lead researcher at the Digital Africa Research Lab. One account impersonating Nigeria’s ruling party managed to retain a verified check from 2015 to 2019, accumulating a million followers along the way, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s expensive, but people are doing it, in a country where there is a high level of poverty. So then how [many] more would buy it at the rate of $8 a month?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risk will only grow amid a slew of upcoming elections, from Nigeria, Turkey and Thailand in 2023, to India, Mexico, Taiwan, European Parliament and, of course, the U.S. presidential race in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Free speech outside of the U.S.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even as they worry about how Musk’s changes could make Twitter more dangerous, freedom of expression advocates are also left wondering what his avowed commitment to free speech will mean outside America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/05/business/twitter-india-lawsuit.html\">suing the Indian government\u003c/a> over orders to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/17/968641246/twitter-in-standoff-with-indias-government-over-free-speech-and-local-law\">censor critics\u003c/a> of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, and has resisted some of Modi’s efforts to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/06/10/1004387255/india-and-tech-companies-clash-over-censorship-privacy-and-digital-colonialism\">clamp down on social media\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His free speech concerns seem to have only been about the people he thinks should be on this platform, who are U.S.-centric people with a certain kind of politics,” said Choudhary, the Indian digital-rights lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though only a small proportion of India’s 1.4 billion people use Twitter, it’s influential among politicians, the media and activists. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it’s unclear what Musk’s relationship with the Indian government will be like – especially considering he has other business interests in the country with his role as CEO of electric-car maker Tesla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I rely on the fact that Twitter does not cave in to the pressure of my government and continues to allow me to speak, no matter what I’m speaking against them,” Choudhary said. “I don’t think that he has shown any indication that he’s going to be able to do that, or [that] he’s going to continue, whether it’s the lawsuit or any resistance against the government.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Twitter%27s+chaos+could+make+political+violence+worse+outside+of+the+U.S.&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Impersonators paying for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/25/1139218045/twitter-verification-subscription-relaunch-elon-musk\">blue “verified” checkmarks\u003c/a>. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/17/1137413251/twitter-employees-quit-elon-musk\">decimated team of workers\u003c/a> enforcing rules against hate speech and other violating posts. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailydot.com/debug/antifa-twitter-accounts-list-telegram/\">mass reporting campaign\u003c/a> by right-wing activists targeting political opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the chaotic changes unleashed by Elon Musk, Twitter users in the U.S. are confronting problems that have long plagued the social network in other parts of the world – and which are at risk of getting even worse under its new billionaire owner, according to human rights and freedom of expression advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not clear to me at all that Musk knows the kinds of liability he’s creating with these sort of antics,” said Thenmozhi Soundararajan, executive director of Equality Labs, which advocates for the rights of Dalits, the community at the bottom of India’s caste hierarchy. “I think Musk lacks the cultural competency, he’s not getting proper legal advice around this issue, and so he’s endangering millions of people’s lives just for his whims,” she said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While Musk hasn’t publicly spoken about the implications of his vision for Twitter outside the U.S., activists and advocates point to a wealth of examples of how social media has enabled and exacerbated political, ethnic and religious conflicts, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/14/1064011279/facebook-is-being-sued-by-rohingya-refugees-over-myanmar-violence\">genocide in Myanmar\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/18/629731693/fake-news-turns-deadly-in-india\">mob killings in India\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/15/1046106922/social-media-misinformation-stokes-a-worsening-civil-war-in-ethiopia\">civil war in Ethiopia\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The majority world, the global south, is an expert in all of these issues,” said Mishi Choudhary, a lawyer and founder of the Software Freedom Law Center, an Indian digital rights organization. “I generally say that we have been watching the same reality TV show,” she added, and “India is two or three seasons ahead” of the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Layoffs decimate internationally-focused teams \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Musk’s recent announcement that he will grant many suspended Twitter accounts \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/25/1139197362/elon-musk-says-he-will-grant-amnesty-to-suspended-twitter-accounts\">“amnesty,”\u003c/a> following an unscientific poll of Twitter users, is escalating alarm about how the platform could be abused. The company has already begun to reinstate some 62,000 accounts with more than 10,000 followers, according to the tech newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://www.platformer.news/p/why-some-tech-ceos-are-rooting-for\">Platformer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twitter and every other platform have always struggled to effectively enforce content moderation guidelines and other policies outside of the U.S. and especially in non-Western countries,” said Shannon McGregor, a communications professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. “They don’t have enough people who understand the language and the culture and the politics to be involved in these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was before Musk laid off more than half of Twitter’s staff, with \u003ca href=\"https://restofworld.org/2022/global-twitter-employees-layoffs/\">teams outside the U.S.\u003c/a> hit especially hard, and eliminated thousands of contractors, many of whom do the difficult daily work of monitoring millions of tweets. Hundreds more employees have resigned rather than commit to the CEO’s call for a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/16/1137105935/twitter-elon-musk-ultimatum\">“hardcore” Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter’s \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ShannonRSingh/status/1588591603622772736\">human rights team\u003c/a> is gone. So is a group of investigators tracking state-backed domestic manipulation efforts in high-risk countries including Honduras, Ethiopia and India, according to a former employee. Its team fighting propaganda has been “radically reduced,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/27/twitter-china-spam-protests/\">\u003cem>Washington Post \u003c/em>reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter, which has laid off its communications staff, didn’t respond to NPR’s questions for this story. In a \u003ca href=\"https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2022/twitter-2-0-our-continued-commitment-to-the-public-conversation\">blog post\u003c/a> published Thursday, the company said its policies had not changed and it remained “committed to providing a safe, inclusive, entertaining, and informative experience for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Trust & Safety team continues its diligent work to keep the platform safe from hateful conduct, abusive behavior, and any violation of Twitter’s rules,” the post, signed by “The Twitter Team,” said. “The team remains strong and well-resourced, and automated detection plays an increasingly important role in eliminating abuse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But automation is not perfect: this week, Twitter’s software failed to detect newly posted videos of the 2019 attack on mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand. The company only removed the clips after it was alerted by the New Zealand government, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/28/twitter-failed-to-detect-upload-of-christchurch-mosque-terror-attack-videos\">\u003cem>The Guardian\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Automated systems also require human input to reflect the cultural and linguistic challenges of a company that operates around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before Musk acquired Twitter, it was understood within the company that markets in South Asia, including India, were countries in which mass atrocity was agreed to be occurring. … One tweet could set off a pogrom,” Soundararajan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of Twitter’s trust and safety council – an outside group of advisers – Soundararajan’s group worked with the company, giving feedback on potential risks of various features and developing lists of racist, casteist and sexist slurs used to help police the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Musk took control, the trust and safety council group hasn’t met with or heard from the new owner – despite his claim he wanted to set up an outside \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/31/1132906782/elon-musk-twitter-pelosi-conspiracy\">“content moderation council.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve gotten an email early in November that basically acknowledged the staffing changes and let us know that they were going to reach back out in December,” Soundararajan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Twitter staffers Soundararajan typically communicates with have disappeared. “Our emails bounce back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Potential for blue checkmark abuse\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Against that backdrop, Musk’s plans to relaunch a subscription offering that would give accounts checkmark badges – previously used to indicate Twitter had verified the identity of high-profile accounts – are a source of additional concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial rollout of the feature allowed anyone to buy an $8 monthly subscription and receive a blue checkmark with no identity verification. Immediately, accounts popped up impersonating celebrities, companies and politicians, forcing Twitter to halt signups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk has said the feature will return, with different colored checkmarks for different kinds of accounts, and that going forward, all verified accounts will be “manually authenticated.” It’s not clear how Twitter will authenticate accounts or if it has sufficient staff to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former employees and experts warn the risk of abuse is high, especially by those seeking to use the feature to influence public conversation, given that subscribers are being promised greater amplification on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The possibility for different kinds of media manipulation and disinformation campaigns to proliferate is enormous,” said Joan Donovan, research director at Harvard’s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before Musk actually put the checkmarks up for sale, Twitter has struggled with bad actors illicitly selling verified accounts in places like the Middle East, Turkey and Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Nigeria, for example, verified accounts have traded hands for at least $5,000 in the past, according to Rosemary Ajayi, lead researcher at the Digital Africa Research Lab. One account impersonating Nigeria’s ruling party managed to retain a verified check from 2015 to 2019, accumulating a million followers along the way, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s expensive, but people are doing it, in a country where there is a high level of poverty. So then how [many] more would buy it at the rate of $8 a month?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risk will only grow amid a slew of upcoming elections, from Nigeria, Turkey and Thailand in 2023, to India, Mexico, Taiwan, European Parliament and, of course, the U.S. presidential race in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Free speech outside of the U.S.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even as they worry about how Musk’s changes could make Twitter more dangerous, freedom of expression advocates are also left wondering what his avowed commitment to free speech will mean outside America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/05/business/twitter-india-lawsuit.html\">suing the Indian government\u003c/a> over orders to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/17/968641246/twitter-in-standoff-with-indias-government-over-free-speech-and-local-law\">censor critics\u003c/a> of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, and has resisted some of Modi’s efforts to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/06/10/1004387255/india-and-tech-companies-clash-over-censorship-privacy-and-digital-colonialism\">clamp down on social media\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His free speech concerns seem to have only been about the people he thinks should be on this platform, who are U.S.-centric people with a certain kind of politics,” said Choudhary, the Indian digital-rights lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though only a small proportion of India’s 1.4 billion people use Twitter, it’s influential among politicians, the media and activists. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it’s unclear what Musk’s relationship with the Indian government will be like – especially considering he has other business interests in the country with his role as CEO of electric-car maker Tesla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I rely on the fact that Twitter does not cave in to the pressure of my government and continues to allow me to speak, no matter what I’m speaking against them,” Choudhary said. “I don’t think that he has shown any indication that he’s going to be able to do that, or [that] he’s going to continue, whether it’s the lawsuit or any resistance against the government.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Twitter%27s+chaos+could+make+political+violence+worse+outside+of+the+U.S.&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Rep. Hakeem Jeffries Elected First Black Democratic House Leader",
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"content": "\u003cp>The House Democratic Caucus has elected Rep. Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., to lead their caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As House minority leader, Jeffries will become the first Black person to lead a major political party in Congress. He is among a new slate of leaders elected Wednesday to lead House Democrats in the next session of Congress, including Rep. Katherine Clark, D-Mass., as Jeffries' No. 2, and Rep. Pete Aguilar, D-Calif., as the third-ranking leader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffries, 52, who ran unopposed, is 30 years younger than House Speaker Nancy Pelosi. Pelosi announced earlier this month she would remain in Congress, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/17/1133397685/house-speaker-pelosi-step-down\">not run for the leadership post\u003c/a> she has held atop the Democratic caucus for nearly two decades after Republicans gained a razor-thin majority in the 2022 midterms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi praised the leadership team following the caucus election Wednesday saying the new leaders will \"reinvigorate our Caucus with their new energy, ideas and perspective.\"[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Rep. Nanette Barragán\"]'He understands what it's like to be a person of color, the discrimination that we face — as he likes to say it's about standing up for the left behind and the folks who aren't really having that say at the table.'[/pullquote]Talking to reporters the night before the caucus vote, Jeffries said he hasn't had time to reflect on the historical marker. Focusing on \"the outside narratives or the magnitude of the moment\" would take away from his work planning how to shift the caucus from the majority to its new minority posture in January, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffries added it's important for Congress to \"look like the American people.\" He added, \"when we get an opportunity as diverse leaders to serve in positions of consequence, the most meaningful thing we can do in the space is do an incredibly good job — that hopefully will encourage others to think about public service and alleviate concerns that folks who are skeptical may have about the ability of every type of American to operate successfully at the highest levels.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Clyburn calls the leadership change an 'evolution'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rep. Jim Clyburn, D-S.C., who is 82 and has served in party leadership, said Tuesday night the shift taking place with the current slate of leaders stepping aside to make way for a new generation has been in the works for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that it was pretty clear to everybody that Pelosi, [Rep. Steny] Hoyer and myself would be making an exit from the leadership very soon, either under our own, or somebody carried us out,\" Clyburn said.[aside postID=news_11932554 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1442266796-1-1020x709.jpg']Clyburn called the low-drama leadership change that House Democrats executed relatively quickly after a team that held power for roughly 15 years an \"evolution.\" Typically, coveted leadership posts rarely open up and contested races can get personal with camps working furiously to secure votes in a race decided via a secret ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have studied history long enough to know that evolutions are much better than revolutions,\" Clyburn said. \"And I think that anybody watching their caucus, our caucus over the years, could see the evolving leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking the night before the leadership elections, Jeffries told reporters that after Democrats won back the majority in 2018 he, Clark, and Aguilar talked about joining the leadership table then and using the period to demonstrate they were up to the task to eventually move up the leadership ladder.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"edTag\">A new generation vows 'bottom up' leadership style\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Rep. Jason Crow, D-Colo., told NPR \"one thing I've learned in leadership is that you don't get to choose your moment. The moment presents itself, and it's up to you to decide how and when you're going to lead.\" Crow said Jeffries has a \"bottom up style of leadership,\" adding, \"one of his greatest strengths is recognizing the tremendous talent around him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi held a very narrow majority during this session of Congress, and the divisions between progressives and centrists often spilled into the open and stalled action on top priorities. Those on the left often wanted bolder policy proposals and more generous federal spending, while centrists argued for positions they maintained were more in step with voters in purple districts they represented and helped the party regain the majority in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffries told reporters there's \"nothing more unifying then being in the majority\" and said he and his colleagues are squarely focused on taking back the gavel in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He acknowledged the caucus is \"a big family, and an enthusiastic family and sometimes a noisy family.\" In a veiled reference to the House GOP conference and its allegiance to former President Donald Trump, Jeffries added \"I'd much rather be a coalition than a cult.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One younger House Democrat, Rep. Nanette Barragán, D-Calif., who was elected in 2016, told NPR she was excited about the major shift in who will lead her party in the House. Barragán pointed out that she and Jeffries come from similar backgrounds, with working-class parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He understands what it's like to be a person of color, the discrimination that we face — as he likes to say it's about standing up for the left behind and the folks who aren't really having that say at the table.\" She said his style is to listen to the various factions inside the caucus and said he's traveled extensively around the country to visit with lawmakers in their districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Jeffries served as impeachment manager and legislator\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pelosi tapped Jeffries to serve as an impeachment manager for the Senate trial in January of 2020 — a high profile position for those who would prosecute their case on national television. Crow was on the team and recounted a tense moment during the Senate trial when a protestor burst into the chamber during Jeffries' presentation and it was unclear if he had a weapon or would threaten the lawmakers inside. As the Capitol Police worked to remove the person Crow looked up at Jeffries, who \"stopped, he collected himself, he quoted a scripture verse about how the Lord will protect his flock and stand by you. And then he picked right up where he left off and finished presenting his case. It just is one illustration of how he handles things and stays calm under pressure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffries also showcased his Brooklyn roots during the trial when responding to Trump's lawyer who asked the House impeachment managers why they were even there pushing their case. He quoted Biggie Smalls, the rapper from his neighborhood known as \"the Notorious B.I.G.\" as he finished his closing statement about the president's abuse of power saying, \"and if you don't know, now you know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crow said that episode shows that Jeffries \"knows where he's going, but he also knows where he's from. And I think that's important as a person and as important as a leader to never forget your background, never forget who you are.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>In working with House GOP leaders, Jeffries will keep an 'open mind'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jeffries said he has an \"open mind\" in terms of his relationship with the top House Republican, Rep. Kevin McCarthy, D-Calif., who was nominated to serve as the speaker. McCarthy is still working to secure the votes he needs to be elected by the full House. Jeffries said he has more experience with the incoming majority leader, Rep. Steve Scalise, R-La., and said he would look for areas of common ground. But he stressed that McCarthy has a lot of members Jeffries considers \"extreme\" and he is prepared to oppose GOP efforts to push far-right policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The House Democratic Caucus has elected Rep. Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., to lead their caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As House minority leader, Jeffries will become the first Black person to lead a major political party in Congress. He is among a new slate of leaders elected Wednesday to lead House Democrats in the next session of Congress, including Rep. Katherine Clark, D-Mass., as Jeffries' No. 2, and Rep. Pete Aguilar, D-Calif., as the third-ranking leader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffries, 52, who ran unopposed, is 30 years younger than House Speaker Nancy Pelosi. Pelosi announced earlier this month she would remain in Congress, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/17/1133397685/house-speaker-pelosi-step-down\">not run for the leadership post\u003c/a> she has held atop the Democratic caucus for nearly two decades after Republicans gained a razor-thin majority in the 2022 midterms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi praised the leadership team following the caucus election Wednesday saying the new leaders will \"reinvigorate our Caucus with their new energy, ideas and perspective.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Talking to reporters the night before the caucus vote, Jeffries said he hasn't had time to reflect on the historical marker. Focusing on \"the outside narratives or the magnitude of the moment\" would take away from his work planning how to shift the caucus from the majority to its new minority posture in January, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffries added it's important for Congress to \"look like the American people.\" He added, \"when we get an opportunity as diverse leaders to serve in positions of consequence, the most meaningful thing we can do in the space is do an incredibly good job — that hopefully will encourage others to think about public service and alleviate concerns that folks who are skeptical may have about the ability of every type of American to operate successfully at the highest levels.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Clyburn calls the leadership change an 'evolution'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rep. Jim Clyburn, D-S.C., who is 82 and has served in party leadership, said Tuesday night the shift taking place with the current slate of leaders stepping aside to make way for a new generation has been in the works for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that it was pretty clear to everybody that Pelosi, [Rep. Steny] Hoyer and myself would be making an exit from the leadership very soon, either under our own, or somebody carried us out,\" Clyburn said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Clyburn called the low-drama leadership change that House Democrats executed relatively quickly after a team that held power for roughly 15 years an \"evolution.\" Typically, coveted leadership posts rarely open up and contested races can get personal with camps working furiously to secure votes in a race decided via a secret ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have studied history long enough to know that evolutions are much better than revolutions,\" Clyburn said. \"And I think that anybody watching their caucus, our caucus over the years, could see the evolving leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking the night before the leadership elections, Jeffries told reporters that after Democrats won back the majority in 2018 he, Clark, and Aguilar talked about joining the leadership table then and using the period to demonstrate they were up to the task to eventually move up the leadership ladder.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"edTag\">A new generation vows 'bottom up' leadership style\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Rep. Jason Crow, D-Colo., told NPR \"one thing I've learned in leadership is that you don't get to choose your moment. The moment presents itself, and it's up to you to decide how and when you're going to lead.\" Crow said Jeffries has a \"bottom up style of leadership,\" adding, \"one of his greatest strengths is recognizing the tremendous talent around him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi held a very narrow majority during this session of Congress, and the divisions between progressives and centrists often spilled into the open and stalled action on top priorities. Those on the left often wanted bolder policy proposals and more generous federal spending, while centrists argued for positions they maintained were more in step with voters in purple districts they represented and helped the party regain the majority in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffries told reporters there's \"nothing more unifying then being in the majority\" and said he and his colleagues are squarely focused on taking back the gavel in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He acknowledged the caucus is \"a big family, and an enthusiastic family and sometimes a noisy family.\" In a veiled reference to the House GOP conference and its allegiance to former President Donald Trump, Jeffries added \"I'd much rather be a coalition than a cult.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One younger House Democrat, Rep. Nanette Barragán, D-Calif., who was elected in 2016, told NPR she was excited about the major shift in who will lead her party in the House. Barragán pointed out that she and Jeffries come from similar backgrounds, with working-class parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He understands what it's like to be a person of color, the discrimination that we face — as he likes to say it's about standing up for the left behind and the folks who aren't really having that say at the table.\" She said his style is to listen to the various factions inside the caucus and said he's traveled extensively around the country to visit with lawmakers in their districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Jeffries served as impeachment manager and legislator\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pelosi tapped Jeffries to serve as an impeachment manager for the Senate trial in January of 2020 — a high profile position for those who would prosecute their case on national television. Crow was on the team and recounted a tense moment during the Senate trial when a protestor burst into the chamber during Jeffries' presentation and it was unclear if he had a weapon or would threaten the lawmakers inside. As the Capitol Police worked to remove the person Crow looked up at Jeffries, who \"stopped, he collected himself, he quoted a scripture verse about how the Lord will protect his flock and stand by you. And then he picked right up where he left off and finished presenting his case. It just is one illustration of how he handles things and stays calm under pressure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffries also showcased his Brooklyn roots during the trial when responding to Trump's lawyer who asked the House impeachment managers why they were even there pushing their case. He quoted Biggie Smalls, the rapper from his neighborhood known as \"the Notorious B.I.G.\" as he finished his closing statement about the president's abuse of power saying, \"and if you don't know, now you know.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crow said that episode shows that Jeffries \"knows where he's going, but he also knows where he's from. And I think that's important as a person and as important as a leader to never forget your background, never forget who you are.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>In working with House GOP leaders, Jeffries will keep an 'open mind'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jeffries said he has an \"open mind\" in terms of his relationship with the top House Republican, Rep. Kevin McCarthy, D-Calif., who was nominated to serve as the speaker. McCarthy is still working to secure the votes he needs to be elected by the full House. Jeffries said he has more experience with the incoming majority leader, Rep. Steve Scalise, R-La., and said he would look for areas of common ground. But he stressed that McCarthy has a lot of members Jeffries considers \"extreme\" and he is prepared to oppose GOP efforts to push far-right policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "The Mystery of Rising Prices: Are Greedy Corporations to Blame for Inflation?",
"title": "The Mystery of Rising Prices: Are Greedy Corporations to Blame for Inflation?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Everyone agrees inflation is happening. What they don't agree on is whodunit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent numbers show \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/news.release/ppi.htm\">prices up 7.7% over \u003c/a>2021. But for some items like eggs, health insurance and gasoline, prices have been rising much faster than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inflation can be an elusive foe: quietly making off with our savings and chunks of our paychecks and stealing away everything from vacations to favorite foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But who let this thief loose on the U.S. economy? What is the source of inflation? Let's examine the clues and the potential culprits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The prime suspects\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The main suspects differ across party lines. Many economists and politicians on the right say inflation has been caused by government spending and various aid programs (stimulus checks, student debt forgiveness, Biden in the White House with the public purse).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many economists and politicians on the left point to the war in Ukraine (for pushing up oil prices, which bleeds into most everything else), \u003ca href=\"https://oversight.house.gov/sites/democrats.oversight.house.gov/files/2022.11.04%20ECP%20Staff%20Report%20re%20Excess%20Corporate%20Profits.pdf\">and also greedy companies\u003c/a>, many of which, despite tales of supply chain snarls and rising costs, have been bringing in record profits. (Corporations, in aisle 4, with the price gun.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The smoking price gun\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As in any good mystery, we look to our clues. In the case of corporate greed, there are a couple of rather compelling ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, corporate profits: \u003ca href=\"https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/corporate-profits#:~:text=Corporate%20Profits%20in%20the%20United%20States%20averaged%20567.25%20USD%20Billion,the%20first%20quarter%20of%201951.\">They reached an all time high this year.\u003c/a> Many companies saw profits hit record highs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This, naturally, raises some eyebrows. If companies are struggling with costs and supply chains so much, where are all of these billions in profits coming from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It begins to seem like all of this corporate crying about rising costs might be a case of crocodile tears, as companies jack up prices for all of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Corporate confessions?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Rakeen Mabud is chief economist for the progressive think tank \u003ca href=\"https://groundworkcollaborative.org/\">Groundwork Collaborative\u003c/a>. \"Companies are taking a spoonful of sugar off the ... backs of families who are all really struggling to get by,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mabud has sat in on dozens of corporate earnings calls and says she often hears CEOs bragging about how much they were able to raise prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grocery giant Kroger has \u003ca href=\"https://ir.kroger.com/CorporateProfile/press-releases/press-release/2022/Kroger-Reports-Second-Quarter-2022-Results-and-Raises-Full-Year-Guidance/default.aspx\">earned billions in profits over the last couple of years\u003c/a>. On a recent call with investors, Mabud heard CEO Rodney McMullen say, \"We view a little bit of inflation as always good in our business and we would expect to be able to pass that through.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AutoZone, which sells car parts and accessories, \u003ca href=\"https://www.investors.com/news/autozone-stock-rises-buy-zone-on-earnings-beat/#:~:text=Results%3A%20AutoZone%20earnings%20grew%2013,acceleration%20from%20the%20prior%20quarter.\">saw earnings jump 13%\u003c/a>. CFO Jamere Jackson called inflation \"a little bit of our friend in terms of what we see in terms of retail pricing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hostess has seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.hostessbrands.com/news/press-releases/detail/214/hostess-brands-reports-second-quarter-2022-results\">profits jump more than 15% this year\u003c/a>. CEO Andrew Callahan had this to say: \"We're also seeing the consumers experience a lot of disruption, and they haven't fully recognized or absorbed pricing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Et tu Twinkies?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Murder on the competition express\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Adding to the case against corporations is a lot of the consolidation we've seen in corporate America over the last 40 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case in point: There are four companies in the U.S. that \u003ca href=\"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2022/jun/30/abigail-spanberger/big-four-meat-packers-are-seeing-record-profits-sp/\">control about 80% \u003c/a>of the beef and poultry market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That kind of consolidation can mean companies don't have to compete as much for our business and there's less pressure to keep prices low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meat companies \u003ca href=\"https://fortune.com/2022/09/20/why-meat-prices-high-bacon-pork-jbs-price-fixing-settlement/\">have settled lawsuits over price-fixing just this year\u003c/a> and a proposed merger between grocery giants Kroger and Albertsons has raised concerns that \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/kroger-albertsons-merger-would-raise-grocery-prices-sanders-warren-say-2022-10\">it will mean higher prices for many consumers.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The alibi\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Of course, every suspect needs an alibi, and in the case of inflation, corporations have some pretty strong ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, companies really have seen their costs rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prices of raw materials have been rising all year. They've been rising at about the same rate as the prices we've been paying in stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually a bit more. Wholesale prices (the cost of the raw materials companies buy to make the stuff they sell to us) are up \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2022/producer-prices-up-8-0-percent-from-october-2021-to-october-2022.htm\">more than 8%\u003c/a> over last year, compared with consumer prices, which are up 7.7% over last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is powerful evidence that a lot of the higher prices we are paying in the store are just the higher cost of raw materials being passed along by manufacturers and retailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The twist\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>University of Michigan economist Justin Wolfers says corporate greed is a red herring and companies are not the source of inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My friend and economist Jason Furman says, 'Blaming inflation on greed is like blaming a plane crash on gravity,'\" says Wolfers. \"It is technically correct, but it entirely misses the point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfers says companies are always trying to charge as much as they possibly can. In fact, the only reason we're not all paying $800 for a pair of socks or a cheeseburger is simply due to greed in another form: competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That greed forces them to offer low prices because they're trying to muscle out their competitor,\" says Wolfers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>So what's changed?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>So why are prices rising now? Clearly something has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfers says most companies have two main expenses: raw materials and workers' wages. Raw materials have gotten a lot more expensive, as we saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wages, though, are another story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/eci.pdf\">wages have risen about 5%\u003c/a> compared to prices, which have risen 7.7%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies are not raising wages as fast as they're raising prices. Wolfers thinks that lag is where some of these corporate profits are coming from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most economists are a little puzzled that wages haven't kept up a little more,\" says Wolfers. And it is puzzling. After all, workers have more power now than they have in decades. Why aren't they negotiating for more?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfers suspects they are, in fact, negotiating, just not always for more money. It could be for the ability to work remotely instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many workers, flexibility and other perks have been more valuable than money, so companies have been able to get away with offering lower wages, even at a moment when they are competing for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A crime of opportunity\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Still, Wolfers thinks wages lagging behind prices won't last for long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With prices rising at the same time unemployment is low and many companies competing to hire, workers are likely to push harder for higher pay. And companies will probably have to pay up to keep and attract talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As soon as companies start paying out more in wages, those record profits CEOs are bragging about will likely go into workers' paychecks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's happening in the interim is there's a bit of money that we might hope should go to workers,\" explains Wolfers. \"But it's staying in the boss's pocket instead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfers predicts corporate profits will start coming back to normal levels as wages rise. But will prices?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>And the killer is ...\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As it turns out, consumers might be the guilty party in the inflation mystery. We've at least been aiding and abetting. \"Inflation is coming from demand,\" says Wolfers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In spite of inflation, demand hasn't really blinked. Companies have been raising prices and we have been paying them. In fact, in many parts of the economy, spending has been rising right along with prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We're not necessarily buying more because we have more money, though. \u003ca href=\"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/americans-personal-savings-have-fallen-off-a-cliff-how-to-boost-your-savings-in-case-of-a-looming-recession-11666722275#:~:text=Adjusted%20for%20inflation%2C%20savings%20are,Federal%20Reserve%20Bank%20of%20St.\">Our collective savings has been shrinking\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorkfed.org/microeconomics/hhdc.html\">household debt has been on the rise\u003c/a>. It's possible we're spending money we don't have to keep up with rising prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is likely not sustainable. And when our buying slows down, Wolfers says, companies will start lowering prices to entice us to buy: Prices will fall and inflation will ease. But, until demand drops, companies will push prices up as much as they can. It's elementary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+mystery+of+rising+prices.+Are+greedy+corporations+to+blame+for+inflation%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Everyone agrees inflation is happening. What they don't agree on is whodunit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent numbers show \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/news.release/ppi.htm\">prices up 7.7% over \u003c/a>2021. But for some items like eggs, health insurance and gasoline, prices have been rising much faster than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inflation can be an elusive foe: quietly making off with our savings and chunks of our paychecks and stealing away everything from vacations to favorite foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But who let this thief loose on the U.S. economy? What is the source of inflation? Let's examine the clues and the potential culprits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The prime suspects\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The main suspects differ across party lines. Many economists and politicians on the right say inflation has been caused by government spending and various aid programs (stimulus checks, student debt forgiveness, Biden in the White House with the public purse).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many economists and politicians on the left point to the war in Ukraine (for pushing up oil prices, which bleeds into most everything else), \u003ca href=\"https://oversight.house.gov/sites/democrats.oversight.house.gov/files/2022.11.04%20ECP%20Staff%20Report%20re%20Excess%20Corporate%20Profits.pdf\">and also greedy companies\u003c/a>, many of which, despite tales of supply chain snarls and rising costs, have been bringing in record profits. (Corporations, in aisle 4, with the price gun.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The smoking price gun\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As in any good mystery, we look to our clues. In the case of corporate greed, there are a couple of rather compelling ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, corporate profits: \u003ca href=\"https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/corporate-profits#:~:text=Corporate%20Profits%20in%20the%20United%20States%20averaged%20567.25%20USD%20Billion,the%20first%20quarter%20of%201951.\">They reached an all time high this year.\u003c/a> Many companies saw profits hit record highs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This, naturally, raises some eyebrows. If companies are struggling with costs and supply chains so much, where are all of these billions in profits coming from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It begins to seem like all of this corporate crying about rising costs might be a case of crocodile tears, as companies jack up prices for all of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Corporate confessions?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Rakeen Mabud is chief economist for the progressive think tank \u003ca href=\"https://groundworkcollaborative.org/\">Groundwork Collaborative\u003c/a>. \"Companies are taking a spoonful of sugar off the ... backs of families who are all really struggling to get by,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mabud has sat in on dozens of corporate earnings calls and says she often hears CEOs bragging about how much they were able to raise prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grocery giant Kroger has \u003ca href=\"https://ir.kroger.com/CorporateProfile/press-releases/press-release/2022/Kroger-Reports-Second-Quarter-2022-Results-and-Raises-Full-Year-Guidance/default.aspx\">earned billions in profits over the last couple of years\u003c/a>. On a recent call with investors, Mabud heard CEO Rodney McMullen say, \"We view a little bit of inflation as always good in our business and we would expect to be able to pass that through.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AutoZone, which sells car parts and accessories, \u003ca href=\"https://www.investors.com/news/autozone-stock-rises-buy-zone-on-earnings-beat/#:~:text=Results%3A%20AutoZone%20earnings%20grew%2013,acceleration%20from%20the%20prior%20quarter.\">saw earnings jump 13%\u003c/a>. CFO Jamere Jackson called inflation \"a little bit of our friend in terms of what we see in terms of retail pricing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hostess has seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.hostessbrands.com/news/press-releases/detail/214/hostess-brands-reports-second-quarter-2022-results\">profits jump more than 15% this year\u003c/a>. CEO Andrew Callahan had this to say: \"We're also seeing the consumers experience a lot of disruption, and they haven't fully recognized or absorbed pricing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Et tu Twinkies?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Murder on the competition express\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Adding to the case against corporations is a lot of the consolidation we've seen in corporate America over the last 40 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case in point: There are four companies in the U.S. that \u003ca href=\"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2022/jun/30/abigail-spanberger/big-four-meat-packers-are-seeing-record-profits-sp/\">control about 80% \u003c/a>of the beef and poultry market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That kind of consolidation can mean companies don't have to compete as much for our business and there's less pressure to keep prices low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meat companies \u003ca href=\"https://fortune.com/2022/09/20/why-meat-prices-high-bacon-pork-jbs-price-fixing-settlement/\">have settled lawsuits over price-fixing just this year\u003c/a> and a proposed merger between grocery giants Kroger and Albertsons has raised concerns that \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/kroger-albertsons-merger-would-raise-grocery-prices-sanders-warren-say-2022-10\">it will mean higher prices for many consumers.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The alibi\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Of course, every suspect needs an alibi, and in the case of inflation, corporations have some pretty strong ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, companies really have seen their costs rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prices of raw materials have been rising all year. They've been rising at about the same rate as the prices we've been paying in stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually a bit more. Wholesale prices (the cost of the raw materials companies buy to make the stuff they sell to us) are up \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2022/producer-prices-up-8-0-percent-from-october-2021-to-october-2022.htm\">more than 8%\u003c/a> over last year, compared with consumer prices, which are up 7.7% over last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is powerful evidence that a lot of the higher prices we are paying in the store are just the higher cost of raw materials being passed along by manufacturers and retailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The twist\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>University of Michigan economist Justin Wolfers says corporate greed is a red herring and companies are not the source of inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My friend and economist Jason Furman says, 'Blaming inflation on greed is like blaming a plane crash on gravity,'\" says Wolfers. \"It is technically correct, but it entirely misses the point.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfers says companies are always trying to charge as much as they possibly can. In fact, the only reason we're not all paying $800 for a pair of socks or a cheeseburger is simply due to greed in another form: competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That greed forces them to offer low prices because they're trying to muscle out their competitor,\" says Wolfers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>So what's changed?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>So why are prices rising now? Clearly something has changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfers says most companies have two main expenses: raw materials and workers' wages. Raw materials have gotten a lot more expensive, as we saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wages, though, are another story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/eci.pdf\">wages have risen about 5%\u003c/a> compared to prices, which have risen 7.7%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies are not raising wages as fast as they're raising prices. Wolfers thinks that lag is where some of these corporate profits are coming from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most economists are a little puzzled that wages haven't kept up a little more,\" says Wolfers. And it is puzzling. After all, workers have more power now than they have in decades. Why aren't they negotiating for more?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfers suspects they are, in fact, negotiating, just not always for more money. It could be for the ability to work remotely instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many workers, flexibility and other perks have been more valuable than money, so companies have been able to get away with offering lower wages, even at a moment when they are competing for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A crime of opportunity\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Still, Wolfers thinks wages lagging behind prices won't last for long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With prices rising at the same time unemployment is low and many companies competing to hire, workers are likely to push harder for higher pay. And companies will probably have to pay up to keep and attract talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As soon as companies start paying out more in wages, those record profits CEOs are bragging about will likely go into workers' paychecks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's happening in the interim is there's a bit of money that we might hope should go to workers,\" explains Wolfers. \"But it's staying in the boss's pocket instead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolfers predicts corporate profits will start coming back to normal levels as wages rise. But will prices?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>And the killer is ...\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As it turns out, consumers might be the guilty party in the inflation mystery. We've at least been aiding and abetting. \"Inflation is coming from demand,\" says Wolfers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In spite of inflation, demand hasn't really blinked. Companies have been raising prices and we have been paying them. In fact, in many parts of the economy, spending has been rising right along with prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We're not necessarily buying more because we have more money, though. \u003ca href=\"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/americans-personal-savings-have-fallen-off-a-cliff-how-to-boost-your-savings-in-case-of-a-looming-recession-11666722275#:~:text=Adjusted%20for%20inflation%2C%20savings%20are,Federal%20Reserve%20Bank%20of%20St.\">Our collective savings has been shrinking\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorkfed.org/microeconomics/hhdc.html\">household debt has been on the rise\u003c/a>. It's possible we're spending money we don't have to keep up with rising prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is likely not sustainable. And when our buying slows down, Wolfers says, companies will start lowering prices to entice us to buy: Prices will fall and inflation will ease. But, until demand drops, companies will push prices up as much as they can. It's elementary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+mystery+of+rising+prices.+Are+greedy+corporations+to+blame+for+inflation%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Francisco Considers Allowing Law Enforcement Robots to Use Lethal Force",
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"content": "\u003cp>Should robots working alongside law enforcement be used to deploy deadly force?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Board of Supervisors is weighing that question this week as they consider a policy proposal that would allow the San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) to use robots as a deadly force against a suspect.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Paul Scharre, author\"]'For the military, they're used in combat against an enemy and the purpose of that is to kill the enemy. That is not and should not be the purpose for police forces.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new California law became effective this year that requires every municipality in the state to list and define the authorized uses of all military-grade equipment in their local law enforcement agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original draft of SFPD's policy was silent on the matter of robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aaron Peskin, a member of the city's Board of Supervisors, added a line to SFPD's original draft policy that stated, \"Robots shall not be used as a Use of Force against any person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPD crossed out that sentence with \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=11435108&GUID=2BDCB218-6FC9-4D6C-BB88-E8CB9C3AA0D9\">a red line\u003c/a> and returned the draft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their altered proposal outlines that \"robots will only be used as a deadly force option when risk of loss of life to members of the public or officers are imminent and outweigh any other force option available to the SFPD.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPD currently has 12 functioning robots. They are remote controlled and typically used to gain situational awareness and survey specific areas officers may not be able to reach. They are also used to investigate and defuse potential bombs, or aide in hostage negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peskin says much of the military-grade equipment sold to cities for police departments to use was issued by the federal government, but there's not a lot of regulation surrounding how robots are to be used. \"It would be lovely if the federal government had instructions or guidance. Meanwhile, we are doing our best to get up to speed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea of robots being legally allowed to kill has garnered some controversy. In October, a number of robotics companies – \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostondynamics.com/open-letter-opposing-weaponization-general-purpose-robots\">including Hyundai's Boston Dynamics\u003c/a> – signed an open letter, saying that general purpose robots should not be weaponized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Calo is a law and information science professor at the University of Washington and also studies robotics. He says he's long been concerned about the increasing militarization of police forces, but that police units across the country might be attracted to utilizing robots because \"it permits officers to incapacitate a dangerous individual without putting themselves in harm's way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robots could also keep suspects safe too, Calo points out. When officers use lethal force at their own discretion, often the justification is that the officer felt unsafe and perceived a threat. But he notes, \"you send robots into a situation and there just isn't any reason to use lethal force because no one is actually endangered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time a robot was reported being used by law enforcement as a deadly force in the United States was in 2016 when the Dallas Police Department used a bomb-disposal robot armed with an explosive device to kill a suspect who had shot and killed five police officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email statement to NPR, SFPD public information officer Allison Maxie wrote, \"the SFPD does not own or operate robots outfitted with lethal force options and the Department has no plans to outfit robots with any type of firearm.\" Though robots can potentially be equipped with explosive charges to breach certain structures, they would only be used in extreme circumstances. The statement continued, \"No policy can anticipate every conceivable situation or exceptional circumstance which officers may face. The SFPD must be prepared, and have the ability, to respond proportionally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Scharre is author of the book \u003cem>Army Of None: Autonomous Weapons And The Future Of War\u003c/em>. He helped create the U.S. policy for autonomous weapons used in war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scharre notes there is an important distinction between how robots are used in the military versus law enforcement. For one, robots used by law enforcement are not autonomous, meaning they are still controlled by a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For the military, they're used in combat against an enemy and the purpose of that is to kill the enemy. That is not and should not be the purpose for police forces,\" Scharre says. \"They're there to protect citizens, and there may be situations where they need to use deadly force, but those should be absolutely a last resort.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is concerning about SFPD's proposal, Scharre says, is that it doesn't seem to be well thought out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once you've authorized this kind of use, it can be very hard to walk that back.\" He says that this proposal sets up a false choice between using a robot for deadly force or putting law enforcement officers at risk. Scharre suggests that robots could instead be sent in with a non-lethal weapon to incapacitate a person without endangering officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As someone who studies robotics, Ryan Calo says that the idea of 'killer robots' is a launchpad for a bigger discussion about our relationship to technology and AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to robots being out in the field, Calo thinks about what happens if the technology fails and a robot accidentally kills or injures a person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It becomes very difficult to disentangle who is responsible. Is it the people using the technology? Is it the people that design the technology?\" Calo asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With people, we can unpack the social and cultural dynamics of a situation, something you can't do with a robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They feel like entities to us in a way that other technology doesn't,\" Calo says. \"And so when you have a robot in the mix, all of a sudden not only do you have this question about who is responsible, which humans, you also have this strong sense that the robot is a participant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if robots could be used to keep humans safe, Calo raises one more question: \"We have to ask ourselves do we want to be in a society where police kill people with robots? It feels so deeply dehumanizing and militaristic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Board of Supervisors meets Tuesday to discuss how robots could be used by the SFPD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated to include portions of an email statement to NPR by the SFPD.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=San+Francisco+considers+allowing+law+enforcement+robots+to+use+lethal+force&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new California law became effective this year that requires every municipality in the state to list and define the authorized uses of all military-grade equipment in their local law enforcement agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original draft of SFPD's policy was silent on the matter of robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aaron Peskin, a member of the city's Board of Supervisors, added a line to SFPD's original draft policy that stated, \"Robots shall not be used as a Use of Force against any person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPD crossed out that sentence with \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=11435108&GUID=2BDCB218-6FC9-4D6C-BB88-E8CB9C3AA0D9\">a red line\u003c/a> and returned the draft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their altered proposal outlines that \"robots will only be used as a deadly force option when risk of loss of life to members of the public or officers are imminent and outweigh any other force option available to the SFPD.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFPD currently has 12 functioning robots. They are remote controlled and typically used to gain situational awareness and survey specific areas officers may not be able to reach. They are also used to investigate and defuse potential bombs, or aide in hostage negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peskin says much of the military-grade equipment sold to cities for police departments to use was issued by the federal government, but there's not a lot of regulation surrounding how robots are to be used. \"It would be lovely if the federal government had instructions or guidance. Meanwhile, we are doing our best to get up to speed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea of robots being legally allowed to kill has garnered some controversy. In October, a number of robotics companies – \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostondynamics.com/open-letter-opposing-weaponization-general-purpose-robots\">including Hyundai's Boston Dynamics\u003c/a> – signed an open letter, saying that general purpose robots should not be weaponized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Calo is a law and information science professor at the University of Washington and also studies robotics. He says he's long been concerned about the increasing militarization of police forces, but that police units across the country might be attracted to utilizing robots because \"it permits officers to incapacitate a dangerous individual without putting themselves in harm's way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robots could also keep suspects safe too, Calo points out. When officers use lethal force at their own discretion, often the justification is that the officer felt unsafe and perceived a threat. But he notes, \"you send robots into a situation and there just isn't any reason to use lethal force because no one is actually endangered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time a robot was reported being used by law enforcement as a deadly force in the United States was in 2016 when the Dallas Police Department used a bomb-disposal robot armed with an explosive device to kill a suspect who had shot and killed five police officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email statement to NPR, SFPD public information officer Allison Maxie wrote, \"the SFPD does not own or operate robots outfitted with lethal force options and the Department has no plans to outfit robots with any type of firearm.\" Though robots can potentially be equipped with explosive charges to breach certain structures, they would only be used in extreme circumstances. The statement continued, \"No policy can anticipate every conceivable situation or exceptional circumstance which officers may face. The SFPD must be prepared, and have the ability, to respond proportionally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Scharre is author of the book \u003cem>Army Of None: Autonomous Weapons And The Future Of War\u003c/em>. He helped create the U.S. policy for autonomous weapons used in war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scharre notes there is an important distinction between how robots are used in the military versus law enforcement. For one, robots used by law enforcement are not autonomous, meaning they are still controlled by a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For the military, they're used in combat against an enemy and the purpose of that is to kill the enemy. That is not and should not be the purpose for police forces,\" Scharre says. \"They're there to protect citizens, and there may be situations where they need to use deadly force, but those should be absolutely a last resort.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is concerning about SFPD's proposal, Scharre says, is that it doesn't seem to be well thought out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once you've authorized this kind of use, it can be very hard to walk that back.\" He says that this proposal sets up a false choice between using a robot for deadly force or putting law enforcement officers at risk. Scharre suggests that robots could instead be sent in with a non-lethal weapon to incapacitate a person without endangering officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As someone who studies robotics, Ryan Calo says that the idea of 'killer robots' is a launchpad for a bigger discussion about our relationship to technology and AI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to robots being out in the field, Calo thinks about what happens if the technology fails and a robot accidentally kills or injures a person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It becomes very difficult to disentangle who is responsible. Is it the people using the technology? Is it the people that design the technology?\" Calo asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With people, we can unpack the social and cultural dynamics of a situation, something you can't do with a robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They feel like entities to us in a way that other technology doesn't,\" Calo says. \"And so when you have a robot in the mix, all of a sudden not only do you have this question about who is responsible, which humans, you also have this strong sense that the robot is a participant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if robots could be used to keep humans safe, Calo raises one more question: \"We have to ask ourselves do we want to be in a society where police kill people with robots? It feels so deeply dehumanizing and militaristic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Board of Supervisors meets Tuesday to discuss how robots could be used by the SFPD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated to include portions of an email statement to NPR by the SFPD.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=San+Francisco+considers+allowing+law+enforcement+robots+to+use+lethal+force&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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