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"content": "\u003cp>In most American cities these days, it seems like there's a Chinese restaurant on every other street corner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the late 1800s, that ubiquity was exactly what certain white establishment figures feared,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>according to a \u003ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2948030\">new study\u003c/a> co-written by Gabriel \"Jack\" Chin, a law professor at the University of California, Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chin examined how white union workers and lawmakers waged a nationwide \"war\" on Chinese restaurants in America from 1890 to 1920. \"It shows this tradition of an expectation on the part of some white Americans that public policy should be organized for the benefit of their employment,\" says Chin, who adds that he sees parallels with anti-immigrant policies being put forth today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1882, Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2017/05/05/527091890/the-135-year-bridge-between-the-chinese-exclusion-act-and-a-proposed-travel-ban\">Chinese Exclusion Act\u003c/a>, which barred Chinese immigrants from entering the U.S. for decades. Some white Americans worried that Chinese laborers would steal their jobs and hijack their opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this xenophobic fear carried over to the restaurant industry. Chinese restaurants — known by some at the time as \"chop suey houses\" — were understood to be a good value, offering inexpensive meals in an exotic setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The economic menace [of Chinese restaurants] was twofold,\" says Chin. \"First, if Chinese people had the opportunity to earn a living, then they might stay. And their communities would continue to exist, and the Chinese presence, which many objected to, would continue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second thing, says Chin, is that \"if Chinese restaurants made Chinese food available at a relatively low price and then American restaurants wouldn't be able to compete, either the wage scales for American restaurants would have to go down or they would close.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, there was the pervasive idea that Chinese men were lecherous threats to white women. Chinese restaurants were considered \"dens of vice,\" Chin says, where white women were at risk of moral corruption by way of sex, opium and alcohol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I talked with Chin about his research and how anti-immigrant sentiment can manifest itself in even the most \"creative\" of methods. He told me about six different ways that Chinese restaurants were targeted:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Race riots\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>There were Chinese communities expelled from Western and Mountain States through race riots, Chin says, where Chinese restaurateurs or miners were beaten or quite literally burned from their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Boycotts \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unions representing cooks, waiters and bartenders organized largely unsuccessful boycotts against Chinese restaurants in many places, including Massachusetts, Arizona, California, Montana, Minnesota and Ohio. The unions imposed fines on union members who ate at Chinese restaurants, Chin says, but couldn't keep their members from eating there: \"Individual members of the public had incentives to cheat because the food was understood to be a good value at the time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Chin points out, for the most part, these unions weren't trying to enlist Chinese restaurant workers to join their ranks. Instead, they were vying for Chinese employees to be replaced by white workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. A peculiar law\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When boycotts were largely unsuccessful, the unions turned to the legal system. At the American Federation of Labor's 1913 convention, organizers proposed that all states should pass laws that barred white women from working or patronizing Chinese or Japanese restaurants for both moral and economic reasons, Chin says. (A similar law had been enacted in Saskatchewan, Canada, and upheld by Canada's Supreme Court.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>States including Montana, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Washington and Oregon saw versions of the bill, which were ultimately unsuccessful. In Massachusetts, for example, the state Supreme Judicial Court struck down the law on the grounds that it was discriminatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Government agencies and licenses \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chin points to old newspaper reports that show that government agencies refused to issue business or restaurant licenses to Chinese restaurateurs, citing various reasons: Some officials claimed they had already issued enough licenses. Others said they would not issue licenses to people who were not citizens. And since Chinese people couldn't naturalize, this targeted them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Policing \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the proposed white women's labor law was never officially enacted, some police officers began patrolling the restaurants of their own volition, Chin says. \"We see newspaper reports,\" he explains, \"where the police in the first decades of the 20th century believed they had the authority, and exercised it, simply to issue orders in the public interest.\" For example, he adds, \"when there were concerns about white women patronizing Chinese restaurants and when the police thought this was prejudicial to the safety of white women, they would simply order white women out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1909, the murder of a \u003ca href=\"https://tenement.org/blog/where-miss-sigel-met-her-slayer/\">prominent white union leader's daughter by a Chinese restaurant worker\u003c/a> inflamed tensions. In June of that year, Leon Ling reportedly strangled Elsie Sigel in a jealous rage and stuffed her body into a trunk in his bedroom. Sigel had met Ling when she worked in Manhattan's Chinatown as a missionary, and her death and the subsequent manhunt for her killer sparked a wave of racial profiling across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newspapers hyped the story, with headlines like \"Was Strangled By Her Chinese Lover: Granddaughter of General Sigel Slain in the Slums of New York.\" The case seemed to justify the fears that union workers had of all the misfortunes that would spring from Chinese restaurants. \"To be a Chinaman these days,\" one Connecticut newspaper wrote, \"is to be at least a suspect in the murder of Elsie Sigel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6. Banning private booths \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private booths were little rooms where customers could dine; they were often found in Chinese restaurants. But in 1917, the United States Public Health Service published a model ordinance that prohibited private booths, Chin says. Some people campaigned to get rid of them, \"because in chop suey restaurants and other restaurants, nefarious things could happen behind the curtain.\" This was a way to specifically target Chinese restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Chinese restaurants were able to weather these affronts from the unions — Chinese \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/02/22/467113401/lo-mein-loophole-how-u-s-immigration-law-fueled-a-chinese-restaurant-boom\" target=\"_blank\">restaurants even surged \u003c/a>in New York City during this time because of a loophole that allowed small-business owners visas into the U.S. — Chin argues that enough damage had been done. The anti-Chinese viewpoints of white labor unionists helped solidify the notion that Chinese people were both economic and moral threats to white Americans and paved the way for the passage of the Immigration Acts of 1917 and 1924, which more broadly restricted the immigration of people from all Asian countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't until there was a dramatic drop in Chinese immigrants in the U.S. that union organizers began to ease up on their targeting of Chinese restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The issue wasn't Chinese restaurants per se,\" Chin says. \"It was: What if Chinese restaurants grow and grow and drive out American restaurants — then what?\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In most American cities these days, it seems like there's a Chinese restaurant on every other street corner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the late 1800s, that ubiquity was exactly what certain white establishment figures feared,\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>according to a \u003ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2948030\">new study\u003c/a> co-written by Gabriel \"Jack\" Chin, a law professor at the University of California, Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chin examined how white union workers and lawmakers waged a nationwide \"war\" on Chinese restaurants in America from 1890 to 1920. \"It shows this tradition of an expectation on the part of some white Americans that public policy should be organized for the benefit of their employment,\" says Chin, who adds that he sees parallels with anti-immigrant policies being put forth today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1882, Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2017/05/05/527091890/the-135-year-bridge-between-the-chinese-exclusion-act-and-a-proposed-travel-ban\">Chinese Exclusion Act\u003c/a>, which barred Chinese immigrants from entering the U.S. for decades. Some white Americans worried that Chinese laborers would steal their jobs and hijack their opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this xenophobic fear carried over to the restaurant industry. Chinese restaurants — known by some at the time as \"chop suey houses\" — were understood to be a good value, offering inexpensive meals in an exotic setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The economic menace [of Chinese restaurants] was twofold,\" says Chin. \"First, if Chinese people had the opportunity to earn a living, then they might stay. And their communities would continue to exist, and the Chinese presence, which many objected to, would continue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second thing, says Chin, is that \"if Chinese restaurants made Chinese food available at a relatively low price and then American restaurants wouldn't be able to compete, either the wage scales for American restaurants would have to go down or they would close.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, there was the pervasive idea that Chinese men were lecherous threats to white women. Chinese restaurants were considered \"dens of vice,\" Chin says, where white women were at risk of moral corruption by way of sex, opium and alcohol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I talked with Chin about his research and how anti-immigrant sentiment can manifest itself in even the most \"creative\" of methods. He told me about six different ways that Chinese restaurants were targeted:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Race riots\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>There were Chinese communities expelled from Western and Mountain States through race riots, Chin says, where Chinese restaurateurs or miners were beaten or quite literally burned from their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Boycotts \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unions representing cooks, waiters and bartenders organized largely unsuccessful boycotts against Chinese restaurants in many places, including Massachusetts, Arizona, California, Montana, Minnesota and Ohio. The unions imposed fines on union members who ate at Chinese restaurants, Chin says, but couldn't keep their members from eating there: \"Individual members of the public had incentives to cheat because the food was understood to be a good value at the time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Chin points out, for the most part, these unions weren't trying to enlist Chinese restaurant workers to join their ranks. Instead, they were vying for Chinese employees to be replaced by white workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. A peculiar law\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When boycotts were largely unsuccessful, the unions turned to the legal system. At the American Federation of Labor's 1913 convention, organizers proposed that all states should pass laws that barred white women from working or patronizing Chinese or Japanese restaurants for both moral and economic reasons, Chin says. (A similar law had been enacted in Saskatchewan, Canada, and upheld by Canada's Supreme Court.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>States including Montana, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Washington and Oregon saw versions of the bill, which were ultimately unsuccessful. In Massachusetts, for example, the state Supreme Judicial Court struck down the law on the grounds that it was discriminatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Government agencies and licenses \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chin points to old newspaper reports that show that government agencies refused to issue business or restaurant licenses to Chinese restaurateurs, citing various reasons: Some officials claimed they had already issued enough licenses. Others said they would not issue licenses to people who were not citizens. And since Chinese people couldn't naturalize, this targeted them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Policing \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the proposed white women's labor law was never officially enacted, some police officers began patrolling the restaurants of their own volition, Chin says. \"We see newspaper reports,\" he explains, \"where the police in the first decades of the 20th century believed they had the authority, and exercised it, simply to issue orders in the public interest.\" For example, he adds, \"when there were concerns about white women patronizing Chinese restaurants and when the police thought this was prejudicial to the safety of white women, they would simply order white women out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1909, the murder of a \u003ca href=\"https://tenement.org/blog/where-miss-sigel-met-her-slayer/\">prominent white union leader's daughter by a Chinese restaurant worker\u003c/a> inflamed tensions. In June of that year, Leon Ling reportedly strangled Elsie Sigel in a jealous rage and stuffed her body into a trunk in his bedroom. Sigel had met Ling when she worked in Manhattan's Chinatown as a missionary, and her death and the subsequent manhunt for her killer sparked a wave of racial profiling across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newspapers hyped the story, with headlines like \"Was Strangled By Her Chinese Lover: Granddaughter of General Sigel Slain in the Slums of New York.\" The case seemed to justify the fears that union workers had of all the misfortunes that would spring from Chinese restaurants. \"To be a Chinaman these days,\" one Connecticut newspaper wrote, \"is to be at least a suspect in the murder of Elsie Sigel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>6. Banning private booths \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Private booths were little rooms where customers could dine; they were often found in Chinese restaurants. But in 1917, the United States Public Health Service published a model ordinance that prohibited private booths, Chin says. Some people campaigned to get rid of them, \"because in chop suey restaurants and other restaurants, nefarious things could happen behind the curtain.\" This was a way to specifically target Chinese restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Chinese restaurants were able to weather these affronts from the unions — Chinese \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/02/22/467113401/lo-mein-loophole-how-u-s-immigration-law-fueled-a-chinese-restaurant-boom\" target=\"_blank\">restaurants even surged \u003c/a>in New York City during this time because of a loophole that allowed small-business owners visas into the U.S. — Chin argues that enough damage had been done. The anti-Chinese viewpoints of white labor unionists helped solidify the notion that Chinese people were both economic and moral threats to white Americans and paved the way for the passage of the Immigration Acts of 1917 and 1924, which more broadly restricted the immigration of people from all Asian countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't until there was a dramatic drop in Chinese immigrants in the U.S. that union organizers began to ease up on their targeting of Chinese restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The issue wasn't Chinese restaurants per se,\" Chin says. \"It was: What if Chinese restaurants grow and grow and drive out American restaurants — then what?\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Queers Makin’ Beers Homebrew Group Builds LGBT Community",
"title": "Queers Makin’ Beers Homebrew Group Builds LGBT Community",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cp>Two years ago, Rebecca Sandidge, a Ph.D. student in Entomology at UC Berkeley and a longtime surfer, attended a homebrewers meetup in San Francisco, but only one other person showed up. Engineer Kate Summerhill happened, like Rebecca, to be a Bay Area transplant from Florida, as well as queer. They hit it off and, soon thereafter, \u003ca href=\"http://queersmakinbeers.com/\">Queers Makin’ Beers\u003c/a> (QMB) was born in Sandidge’s Oakland backyard. The group now has more than 500 members across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Group members hanging out during a brew day.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118202\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Group members hanging out during a brew day. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While there are many events scheduled throughout the year, QMB’s main focus is on brew days, which are open to everyone who is queer-identified. Most of the core group members are women, and Sandidge muses that perhaps this is because it’s more of an educational gathering than a bar scene—these are science geeks experimenting with everything from IPAs to milk stouts, with a seriousness deeper than the average consumer of beer. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Kate Summerhill and her little red beer wagon.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118204\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Summerhill and her little red beer wagon. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s not to say the meetups aren’t social. In fact, there’s a lot of time to shoot the breeze while the six- to seven-hour process of brewing unfolds. I attended a recent weekend brew, along with my wife and kids, and hung out with about 10 other brewers, ranging from very experienced to total newbie. The atmosphere was super-casual and welcoming, but with a connoisseur’s eye toward the craft of brewing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there was beer, of course, in this case, a lager that hadn’t yet been lagered, or aged. This was the first time I’d encountered the word “lager” as a verb, and Sandidge explained that it means “to store” in German, but is now commonly applied to beer as a noun. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118200\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Rebecca Sandidge checks the water temperature before pouring in grist.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rebecca Sandidge checks the water temperature before pouring in grist. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"The grist is poured into the water to create the mash.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118203\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-520x780.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The grist is poured into the water to create the mash. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"The mash is brought to a controlled boil.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118199\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The mash is brought to a controlled boil. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The typical sequence on brew days is that Sandidge, Summerhill and other experienced brewers start setting up early, first by boiling a big vat of water into which the grist (a mixture of malt and various grains) is poured to start the mash conversion. The enzymes in the malt convert the starches to sugars over a period of 45 minutes to an hour, then the liquid is poured off and brought to a controlled boil, at which time hops are added. Fermentation is the next step, in which any remaining particles are removed and yeast is added. Yeast converts the sugar into alcohol and, depending on the type of recipe, the beer then matures from one to six weeks. Most brewers combine the primary fermentation with a second fermentation after bottling, again, depending on the style of beer desired. Lighter beers typically require a shorter fermentation process, while darker beers take more time to develop. The final step is to filter and carbonate the beer, and then rest it for as long as you like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During this whole meandering process, people come and go. At the last brew, Summerhill managed the grill—hot dogs (with a veggie option) and grilled peppers—and Sandidge set up a table with logo merchandise, including glassware and t-shirts she designs and prints herself, as well as a donation jar and a raffle for a homebrewing kit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Summerhill grills up hot dogs for the group.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118201\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Summerhill grills up hot dogs for the group. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Why beer?” is clear, but why queer? The mission is straightforward: to address the need for experiential, educational spaces free of racism, misogyny, sexism, homophobia, transphobia, ableism, xenophobia, and judgment. It’s designed for the queer-identified, but anyone who rejects the prevalence of heteronormativity is welcome. As Sandidge adds, “Making good beer is a radical and empowering act,” so it stands to reason that one of the outcomes of this group is to empower the marginalized and create space in which this community can flourish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Queers Makin’ Beers is trying to grow its reach by offering support to new chapters, as well as continue its work in brewing education. QMB’s fundraising campaign is trending now on \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/queersmakinbeers\">GoFundMe\u003c/a>, and they’d like to raise $15k by the end of June, which, perhaps not coincidentally, is LGBTQ Pride Month. So, raise a pint glass to these queer-beer-pioneers, and celebrate the diversity in our community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/kFoUjia7uvY\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Website:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://queersmakinbeers.com/\">Queers Makin' Beers\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Facebook:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/QueersMakinBeers/\">Queers Makin' Beers\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Instagram:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/queers_makin_beers/\">queers_makin_beers\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Meetup Page:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.meetup.com/Queers-Makin-Beers/\">Queers Makin' Beers\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Celebrate Pride during June, and learn how to make your own beer this summer.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two years ago, Rebecca Sandidge, a Ph.D. student in Entomology at UC Berkeley and a longtime surfer, attended a homebrewers meetup in San Francisco, but only one other person showed up. Engineer Kate Summerhill happened, like Rebecca, to be a Bay Area transplant from Florida, as well as queer. They hit it off and, soon thereafter, \u003ca href=\"http://queersmakinbeers.com/\">Queers Makin’ Beers\u003c/a> (QMB) was born in Sandidge’s Oakland backyard. The group now has more than 500 members across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Group members hanging out during a brew day.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118202\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/hanging-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Group members hanging out during a brew day. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While there are many events scheduled throughout the year, QMB’s main focus is on brew days, which are open to everyone who is queer-identified. Most of the core group members are women, and Sandidge muses that perhaps this is because it’s more of an educational gathering than a bar scene—these are science geeks experimenting with everything from IPAs to milk stouts, with a seriousness deeper than the average consumer of beer. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Kate Summerhill and her little red beer wagon.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118204\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/wagon-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Summerhill and her little red beer wagon. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s not to say the meetups aren’t social. In fact, there’s a lot of time to shoot the breeze while the six- to seven-hour process of brewing unfolds. I attended a recent weekend brew, along with my wife and kids, and hung out with about 10 other brewers, ranging from very experienced to total newbie. The atmosphere was super-casual and welcoming, but with a connoisseur’s eye toward the craft of brewing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there was beer, of course, in this case, a lager that hadn’t yet been lagered, or aged. This was the first time I’d encountered the word “lager” as a verb, and Sandidge explained that it means “to store” in German, but is now commonly applied to beer as a noun. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118200\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Rebecca Sandidge checks the water temperature before pouring in grist.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_temp-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rebecca Sandidge checks the water temperature before pouring in grist. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"The grist is poured into the water to create the mash.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2880\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118203\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/pouring-in-grist-NEW-520x780.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The grist is poured into the water to create the mash. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"The mash is brought to a controlled boil.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118199\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/checking_mash-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The mash is brought to a controlled boil. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The typical sequence on brew days is that Sandidge, Summerhill and other experienced brewers start setting up early, first by boiling a big vat of water into which the grist (a mixture of malt and various grains) is poured to start the mash conversion. The enzymes in the malt convert the starches to sugars over a period of 45 minutes to an hour, then the liquid is poured off and brought to a controlled boil, at which time hops are added. Fermentation is the next step, in which any remaining particles are removed and yeast is added. Yeast converts the sugar into alcohol and, depending on the type of recipe, the beer then matures from one to six weeks. Most brewers combine the primary fermentation with a second fermentation after bottling, again, depending on the style of beer desired. Lighter beers typically require a shorter fermentation process, while darker beers take more time to develop. The final step is to filter and carbonate the beer, and then rest it for as long as you like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During this whole meandering process, people come and go. At the last brew, Summerhill managed the grill—hot dogs (with a veggie option) and grilled peppers—and Sandidge set up a table with logo merchandise, including glassware and t-shirts she designs and prints herself, as well as a donation jar and a raffle for a homebrewing kit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW.jpg\" alt=\"Summerhill grills up hot dogs for the group.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118201\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/grill-NEW-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Summerhill grills up hot dogs for the group. \u003ccite>(Kim Westerman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Why beer?” is clear, but why queer? The mission is straightforward: to address the need for experiential, educational spaces free of racism, misogyny, sexism, homophobia, transphobia, ableism, xenophobia, and judgment. It’s designed for the queer-identified, but anyone who rejects the prevalence of heteronormativity is welcome. As Sandidge adds, “Making good beer is a radical and empowering act,” so it stands to reason that one of the outcomes of this group is to empower the marginalized and create space in which this community can flourish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Queers Makin’ Beers is trying to grow its reach by offering support to new chapters, as well as continue its work in brewing education. QMB’s fundraising campaign is trending now on \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/queersmakinbeers\">GoFundMe\u003c/a>, and they’d like to raise $15k by the end of June, which, perhaps not coincidentally, is LGBTQ Pride Month. So, raise a pint glass to these queer-beer-pioneers, and celebrate the diversity in our community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/kFoUjia7uvY\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Website:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://queersmakinbeers.com/\">Queers Makin' Beers\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Facebook:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/QueersMakinBeers/\">Queers Makin' Beers\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Instagram:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/queers_makin_beers/\">queers_makin_beers\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Meetup Page:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.meetup.com/Queers-Makin-Beers/\">Queers Makin' Beers\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Will Fish Get a Humanely Harvested Label? These Brothers Bet $40 Million on It",
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"content": "\u003cp>When it comes to seafood, we're awash in labels. There are labels to identify sustainable\u003ca href=\"https://www.msc.org/\"> wild\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.asc-aqua.org/\"> farmed\u003c/a> or\u003ca href=\"http://fairtradeusa.org/certification/producers/seafood\">Fair Trade\u003c/a> fish. We're able to scout the\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/03/22/520566711/love-canned-tuna-more-grocers-want-to-make-sure-it-was-caught-responsibly\"> canned tuna\u003c/a> section for lingo like \"pole and line caught.\" And plenty of us use Seafood Watch's green, yellow or red color-rating system to help us avoid a side serving of guilt with our fish supper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's another designation many consumers look for in land-based proteins like beef, poultry and pork that is largely missing from the conversation about seafood: humane treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A pair long-time fishermen — Michael Burns and his brother, Patrick Burns — are trying to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brothers — now both in their 60s — spent decades fishing the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea for salmon, halibut and crab, finally settling on Pacific cod. But the inspiration for their humanely harvested seafood didn't come from the ocean. It came from their side business — a 400-head grass-fed\u003ca href=\"https://anchorbeef.com/\"> cattle ranch\u003c/a> in eastern Oregon — and from their deep admiration for scientist Temple Grandin and her advocacy of animal welfare and humane slaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fish aren't warm and fuzzy, but they are sentient beings. They experience pain and panic,\" says Michael Burns. \"We had been following Temple Grandin and the better treatment of livestock for years, and then it dawned on me: Maybe we could apply it to wild capture fish,\" while at the same time, creating a safer work environment for the crew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That chance arrived last fall, when the Burns brothers launched their new $40 million, 191-foot fishing vessel\u003ca href=\"http://bluenorth.com/home/#/\"> Blue North\u003c/a>. The ship is designed to catch Pacific cod using\u003ca href=\"https://www.seafoodwatch.org/seafood-recommendations/groups/cod?o=1680843188,1679989215\"> bottom longlines\u003c/a>. The catch method has earned a green \"best choice\" rating from Seafood Watch, but it can still involve heart-thumpingly dangerous work for the crew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/the-boat-1-986300083a509b525f52514344f1d7476fc4c9ae-e1497472721684.jpe\" alt=\"Blue North is a new fishing vessel designed to catch Pacific cod using a Seafood Watch granted catch method. It also utilizes a stun table to render fish unconscious before processing.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118206\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blue North is a new fishing vessel designed to catch Pacific cod using a Seafood Watch granted catch method. It also utilizes a stun table to render fish unconscious before processing. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Blue North)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The image of a crew member with a gaff [fishing hook] hanging over the side of the boat, with ice in their beards, feeds the idea of the rough-and-tumble fisherman in the Bering Sea,\" says Michael. \"But people get hurt out there. We chose to go the route of safety and better conditions for the crew.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Burns brothers replicated a design feature they had first seen on a Norwegian fishing vessel called a \"moon pool\" — a round opening in the center of the ship that allows the crew to work inside in a controlled environment, pulling fish up one at a time from the bottom of the boat. The moon pool improved crew safety, but on it's own, didn't address the problem of a thrashing, panicked cod. So the brothers brought in a tool often used in aquaculture to process farmed fish: a stun table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stunning fish to render them unconscious before processing is a method that's been used by companies like\u003ca href=\"http://www.cookeaqua.com/\"> Cooke Aquaculture\u003c/a>, the largest independent salmon farming operation in North America, for the last 15 years. The idea is to prevent fish from stressing and thrashing — an action which can build up lactic acid in the fish's flesh, creating unappetizing gaping in the fillets or affecting the color of the final product. While Cooke Aquaculture uses percussion stunning --- where a pneumatic hammer bops the farmed salmon on the head to knock them out — the same technique didn't work well for wild-caught cod.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We first started experimenting with concussion stunning, but the heads of [wild] cod vary too much,\" explains Patrick Burns. So \"we went to [a 48 volt, direct current] electrical stun.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the Burns brothers say they're the only fishing vessel using this technique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Grandin, who inspired their approach, \"I think it's excellent they're doing this,\" she says. \"Fish definitely feel fear.\" Whether or not fish feel pain is still\u003ca href=\"https://www.outsideonline.com/2106421/fish-have-feelings-does-mean-were-torturing-them\"> vigorously debated\u003c/a>. \"There are still some questions about pain. That's the million-dollar question right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grandin believes it's an area that the seafood industry will be focusing on more going forward. \"Stunning [fish] is going to become a regular practice. People are concerned about it. That's why if you look, there are\u003ca href=\"https://patents.google.com/?q=fish&q=stunn&num=100\"> hundreds of patents\u003c/a> on GooglePatents for stunning fish.\" (We did. She's right.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the launch of a brand new fishing vessel like Blue North doesn't happen every day. Incorporating stunning tables on existing, older vessels could prove tricky. And fishing methods like\u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/interactions/gear/purseseine.htm\"> purse seining\u003c/a> or\u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/interactions/gear/bottomtrawl.htm\"> trawl\u003c/a> fishing — which bring up the catch all at once, in one giant haul — would make it difficult to use a stunning table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the idea of harvesting fish humanely is one that is starting to gain attention from a number of certification groups and retailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Animal welfare issues are definitely on ASC's radar,\" says Contessa Kellogg-Winters, spokesperson for the Aquaculture Stewardship Council, which certifies farm-raised seafood. \"Many salmon farms, for instance, that are taking care to slaughter fish in humane ways\" are making the processing as stress and pain-free as possible, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Marine Stewardship Council, which certifies wild-caught seafood, says that while it currently does not have set requirements for the humane harvest of wild fish, it is listening. \"Should humane capture become of heightened stakeholder interest, and of relevance to our mission, we would consider it through our review process,\" says spokesman Jon Corsiglia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whole Foods, which\u003ca href=\"http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/mission-values/seafood-sustainability/whole-foods-market-stops-selling-live-lobsters\"> stopped carrying live lobster\u003c/a> in stores in 2006 over concerns about humane conditions for the crustaceans, has also included language in its\u003ca href=\"http://assets.wholefoodsmarket.com/www/missions-values/seafood-sustainability/WholeFoodsMarketQS_Farmed-finfish-shrimp_Jan1-2014.pdf\"> farmed fish standards\u003c/a> requiring producers to minimize stress to fish during harvesting, transport and slaughter: \"Fish should also be slaughtered in the most humane way possible. Mechanical or electrical stunning systems are preferred.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mimi Dale Stein, director of operations for Humane Farm Animal Care, whose familiar\u003ca href=\"http://certifiedhumane.org/\"> Certified Humane label\u003c/a> can be found on meat, poultry, egg and dairy products, says the group is actively working on fish standards for several species. Meanwhile, Emily Moose, director of outreach for A Greener World, says it's something the organization is open to exploring as well \"if the demand is there.\" A Greener World certifies livestock and poultry through the Animal Welfare Approved, Certified Grassfed and Certified Non-GMO labels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, most of Blue North's cod catch gets fed directly into the commodity market (much of it shipped overseas) where its \"humanely harvested\" pedigree gets left far behind. But the Burns brothers are hoping that other hook and line fishing vessels will join them — and that a \"humanely harvested\" label will become something consumers will eventually see displayed at the seafood counter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's our awareness or sensitivity to how the animals are treated,\" says Michael Burns. \"If we extend those sensitivities to cattle, why wouldn't we extend it to fish?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.leschin-hoar.com/\">Clare Leschin-Hoar\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a journalist based in San Diego who covers food policy and sustainability issues.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Beef and poultry get labels designating humane treatment; seafood doesn't. Two fishermen want to change that. Their state-of-the-art ship makes fishing safer for crew and minimizes pain for fish.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When it comes to seafood, we're awash in labels. There are labels to identify sustainable\u003ca href=\"https://www.msc.org/\"> wild\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.asc-aqua.org/\"> farmed\u003c/a> or\u003ca href=\"http://fairtradeusa.org/certification/producers/seafood\">Fair Trade\u003c/a> fish. We're able to scout the\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/03/22/520566711/love-canned-tuna-more-grocers-want-to-make-sure-it-was-caught-responsibly\"> canned tuna\u003c/a> section for lingo like \"pole and line caught.\" And plenty of us use Seafood Watch's green, yellow or red color-rating system to help us avoid a side serving of guilt with our fish supper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there's another designation many consumers look for in land-based proteins like beef, poultry and pork that is largely missing from the conversation about seafood: humane treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A pair long-time fishermen — Michael Burns and his brother, Patrick Burns — are trying to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brothers — now both in their 60s — spent decades fishing the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea for salmon, halibut and crab, finally settling on Pacific cod. But the inspiration for their humanely harvested seafood didn't come from the ocean. It came from their side business — a 400-head grass-fed\u003ca href=\"https://anchorbeef.com/\"> cattle ranch\u003c/a> in eastern Oregon — and from their deep admiration for scientist Temple Grandin and her advocacy of animal welfare and humane slaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fish aren't warm and fuzzy, but they are sentient beings. They experience pain and panic,\" says Michael Burns. \"We had been following Temple Grandin and the better treatment of livestock for years, and then it dawned on me: Maybe we could apply it to wild capture fish,\" while at the same time, creating a safer work environment for the crew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That chance arrived last fall, when the Burns brothers launched their new $40 million, 191-foot fishing vessel\u003ca href=\"http://bluenorth.com/home/#/\"> Blue North\u003c/a>. The ship is designed to catch Pacific cod using\u003ca href=\"https://www.seafoodwatch.org/seafood-recommendations/groups/cod?o=1680843188,1679989215\"> bottom longlines\u003c/a>. The catch method has earned a green \"best choice\" rating from Seafood Watch, but it can still involve heart-thumpingly dangerous work for the crew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/the-boat-1-986300083a509b525f52514344f1d7476fc4c9ae-e1497472721684.jpe\" alt=\"Blue North is a new fishing vessel designed to catch Pacific cod using a Seafood Watch granted catch method. It also utilizes a stun table to render fish unconscious before processing.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118206\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blue North is a new fishing vessel designed to catch Pacific cod using a Seafood Watch granted catch method. It also utilizes a stun table to render fish unconscious before processing. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Blue North)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The image of a crew member with a gaff [fishing hook] hanging over the side of the boat, with ice in their beards, feeds the idea of the rough-and-tumble fisherman in the Bering Sea,\" says Michael. \"But people get hurt out there. We chose to go the route of safety and better conditions for the crew.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Burns brothers replicated a design feature they had first seen on a Norwegian fishing vessel called a \"moon pool\" — a round opening in the center of the ship that allows the crew to work inside in a controlled environment, pulling fish up one at a time from the bottom of the boat. The moon pool improved crew safety, but on it's own, didn't address the problem of a thrashing, panicked cod. So the brothers brought in a tool often used in aquaculture to process farmed fish: a stun table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stunning fish to render them unconscious before processing is a method that's been used by companies like\u003ca href=\"http://www.cookeaqua.com/\"> Cooke Aquaculture\u003c/a>, the largest independent salmon farming operation in North America, for the last 15 years. The idea is to prevent fish from stressing and thrashing — an action which can build up lactic acid in the fish's flesh, creating unappetizing gaping in the fillets or affecting the color of the final product. While Cooke Aquaculture uses percussion stunning --- where a pneumatic hammer bops the farmed salmon on the head to knock them out — the same technique didn't work well for wild-caught cod.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We first started experimenting with concussion stunning, but the heads of [wild] cod vary too much,\" explains Patrick Burns. So \"we went to [a 48 volt, direct current] electrical stun.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the Burns brothers say they're the only fishing vessel using this technique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Grandin, who inspired their approach, \"I think it's excellent they're doing this,\" she says. \"Fish definitely feel fear.\" Whether or not fish feel pain is still\u003ca href=\"https://www.outsideonline.com/2106421/fish-have-feelings-does-mean-were-torturing-them\"> vigorously debated\u003c/a>. \"There are still some questions about pain. That's the million-dollar question right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grandin believes it's an area that the seafood industry will be focusing on more going forward. \"Stunning [fish] is going to become a regular practice. People are concerned about it. That's why if you look, there are\u003ca href=\"https://patents.google.com/?q=fish&q=stunn&num=100\"> hundreds of patents\u003c/a> on GooglePatents for stunning fish.\" (We did. She's right.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the launch of a brand new fishing vessel like Blue North doesn't happen every day. Incorporating stunning tables on existing, older vessels could prove tricky. And fishing methods like\u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/interactions/gear/purseseine.htm\"> purse seining\u003c/a> or\u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/interactions/gear/bottomtrawl.htm\"> trawl\u003c/a> fishing — which bring up the catch all at once, in one giant haul — would make it difficult to use a stunning table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the idea of harvesting fish humanely is one that is starting to gain attention from a number of certification groups and retailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Animal welfare issues are definitely on ASC's radar,\" says Contessa Kellogg-Winters, spokesperson for the Aquaculture Stewardship Council, which certifies farm-raised seafood. \"Many salmon farms, for instance, that are taking care to slaughter fish in humane ways\" are making the processing as stress and pain-free as possible, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Marine Stewardship Council, which certifies wild-caught seafood, says that while it currently does not have set requirements for the humane harvest of wild fish, it is listening. \"Should humane capture become of heightened stakeholder interest, and of relevance to our mission, we would consider it through our review process,\" says spokesman Jon Corsiglia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whole Foods, which\u003ca href=\"http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/mission-values/seafood-sustainability/whole-foods-market-stops-selling-live-lobsters\"> stopped carrying live lobster\u003c/a> in stores in 2006 over concerns about humane conditions for the crustaceans, has also included language in its\u003ca href=\"http://assets.wholefoodsmarket.com/www/missions-values/seafood-sustainability/WholeFoodsMarketQS_Farmed-finfish-shrimp_Jan1-2014.pdf\"> farmed fish standards\u003c/a> requiring producers to minimize stress to fish during harvesting, transport and slaughter: \"Fish should also be slaughtered in the most humane way possible. Mechanical or electrical stunning systems are preferred.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mimi Dale Stein, director of operations for Humane Farm Animal Care, whose familiar\u003ca href=\"http://certifiedhumane.org/\"> Certified Humane label\u003c/a> can be found on meat, poultry, egg and dairy products, says the group is actively working on fish standards for several species. Meanwhile, Emily Moose, director of outreach for A Greener World, says it's something the organization is open to exploring as well \"if the demand is there.\" A Greener World certifies livestock and poultry through the Animal Welfare Approved, Certified Grassfed and Certified Non-GMO labels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, most of Blue North's cod catch gets fed directly into the commodity market (much of it shipped overseas) where its \"humanely harvested\" pedigree gets left far behind. But the Burns brothers are hoping that other hook and line fishing vessels will join them — and that a \"humanely harvested\" label will become something consumers will eventually see displayed at the seafood counter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's our awareness or sensitivity to how the animals are treated,\" says Michael Burns. \"If we extend those sensitivities to cattle, why wouldn't we extend it to fish?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.leschin-hoar.com/\">Clare Leschin-Hoar\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a journalist based in San Diego who covers food policy and sustainability issues.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "PHOTOS: 'Chicano Eats' Food Blog Dishes Up Bicultural Flavors",
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"content": "\u003cp>Whenever Esteban Castillo visited his grandparents in Colima, Mexico, he'd sit by his grandfather's taco stand and watch him cook. He'd also see his grandmother carry her homemade cheeses on her back and go door to door, selling them in different neighborhoods. To this day, his grandparents still make a living off of food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They basically transform their living room into a restaurant during the weekends to make ends meet,\" says Castillo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castillo grew up in Santa Ana, Calif., where more than 75 percent of the population is Latino. He says Mexican food was the foundation of his childhood. So when he started to see popular food blogs present recipes as traditional Mexican dishes when they were anything but, it got him riled up — and motivated him to mesh his love for design, cooking and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, so, \u003ca href=\"http://www.chicanoeats.com/\">Chicano Eats\u003c/a> was born. It's a bicultural and bilingual food blog where Castillo shares traditional and fusion Mexican recipes — presented with a stunning visual sensibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt='(Left) Tacos de Papa. (Right) \"El Vampiro,\" a blood orange mezcal margarita.' width=\"1300\" height=\"795\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118183\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-160x98.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-800x489.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-768x470.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-1020x624.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-1180x722.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-960x587.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-240x147.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-375x229.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-520x318.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Left) Tacos de Papa. (Right) \"El Vampiro,\" a blood orange mezcal margarita. \u003ccite>(Esteban Castillo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>His photos have a vibrant and crisp aesthetic that reflect his background in graphic design and marketing. He says his colorful, minimalist presentation is meant to challenge the way people see Mexican food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you think of Mexican food, I feel like people envision this very rustic feeling, where everything is in a clay pot and stuff like that,\" Castillo says, adding, \"I wanted to give Mexican food this minimalist, very colorful treatment, because that's what I always gravitated to when I was in school.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His visual style is also a way to challenge how Mexican food is often perceived in the U.S., he says. \"Here in the U.S., Mexican food doesn't really hold a lot of clout. A lot of people think it's not something you would see at a five-star restaurant. They think it's street food. It's something we try to fight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when Castillo fuses Mexican flavors with American classics in his recipes, he says it's a way to honor his own upbringing. With innovative dishes like homemade \u003ca href=\"http://www.chicanoeats.com/mango-con-limon-peeps/\">Peeps covered with Tajin\u003c/a>, a Mexican spice mix of chili peppers, salt and lime, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.chicanoeats.com/chocomil-cupcakes/\">cupcakes made with Chocomil\u003c/a>, the powdered chocolate milk beloved south of the border, he is literally mixing his cultures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118187\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"(Left) Chocomíl Cupcakes with a Milk Chocolate Whipped Topping. (Right) Mole Brownie Tart with a Milk Chocolate Ganache.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"820\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118187\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-768x484.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-1020x643.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-1180x744.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-960x606.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-240x151.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-375x237.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-520x328.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Left) Chocomíl Cupcakes with a Milk Chocolate Whipped Topping. (Right) Mole Brownie Tart with a Milk Chocolate Ganache. \u003ccite>(Esteban Castillo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I see it as a nod to my bicultural identity — and how we've ... immersed ourselves into this culture, too,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castillo says these days, millennials want to connect with their history and culture. So when he saw a popular food site's social media sharing a \u003ca href=\"https://themodernproper.com/posts/turkey-pozole-rojo\">recipe\u003c/a> that called for using a jar of sweet salsa to make \u003cem>pozole rojo\u003c/em> — a traditional Mexican soup made with hominy, meat and chilies — he was reminded that context is key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you've ever made \u003cem>pozole\u003c/em>, or if you've ever had \u003cem>pozole\u003c/em>, you know that salsa is not used in it. So I was just kind of like, is anybody doing their research? I feel like nowadays, this is a huge piece that's being left out\" of the conversation around food. \"Where did things originate and how is it important to that specific culture?\" says Castillo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Guacamole\" width=\"1300\" height=\"1300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118186\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-768x768.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-240x240.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-375x375.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-520x520.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Guacamole \u003ccite>( Esteban Castillo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Castillo isn't the only one having these kind of conversations about food and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the recent uproar over Kooks Burritos, a Portland, Ore., food pop-up. In an interview with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wweek.com/uncategorized/2017/05/16/kooks-serves-pop-up-breakfast-burritos-with-handmade-tortillas-out-of-a-food-cart-on-cesar-chavez/\">Willamette Week\u003c/a>, a local alt-weekly newspaper, the two white American women behind the enterprise revealed that they learned how to make the burritos on a trip to Mexico by spying on all the \"tortilla ladies\" they would meet and grilling them for recipe information — seemingly without compensating them for their guidance or disclosing they were profiting from it. The incident rekindled the long-running conversation in the food world on the role of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/03/22/471309991/when-chefs-become-famous-cooking-other-cultures-food\">cultural appropriation in food\u003c/a> and restaurants. The backlash was so strong, Kooks closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castillo says it's important to understand the culture that food comes from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's such a sensitive topic. I feel like if people are going to be talking about food or making food that is out of their culture, I feel like [the dishes] just need to be well-researched and really pay tribute to those cultures and honor them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118184\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"(Left) Cucumber slices seasoned with Tajín and lime wedges. (Right) Vegan churros.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"638\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118184\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-160x79.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-800x393.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-768x377.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-1020x501.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-1180x579.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-960x471.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-240x118.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-375x184.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-520x255.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Left) Cucumber slices seasoned with Tajín and lime wedges. (Right) Vegan churros. \u003ccite>(Esteban Castillo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That's what he tries to do with his creations. At an event a couple of weeks ago, he was contracted to create a cocktail. So he decided to play with\u003cem> tepache\u003c/em>, a pre-Columbian drink from Mexico consisting of fermented pineapple peels and rinds, brown sugar and cinnamon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event attracted a racially and ethnically mixed crowd, but he was surprised to learn that many people didn't know about this ancient drink, and found it an opportunity to create conversations on its origins. As for the guests who did recognize \u003cem>tepache\u003c/em> — mostly Mexicans and Mexican-Americans — he says the beverage stirred up memories of drinking it in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castillo has called his blogging a kind of activism, and he says he hopes to see more people of color take up food blogging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it comes to food blogging, I would like to see more diversity,\" he says. \"I feel like when it comes to other ethnicities blogging, we don't have that representation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he says that now is the best time to show that representation. \"People aren't afraid to voice their opinions or feelings on things. Our voice is really coming out to the spotlight. It's the time.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Whenever Esteban Castillo visited his grandparents in Colima, Mexico, he'd sit by his grandfather's taco stand and watch him cook. He'd also see his grandmother carry her homemade cheeses on her back and go door to door, selling them in different neighborhoods. To this day, his grandparents still make a living off of food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They basically transform their living room into a restaurant during the weekends to make ends meet,\" says Castillo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castillo grew up in Santa Ana, Calif., where more than 75 percent of the population is Latino. He says Mexican food was the foundation of his childhood. So when he started to see popular food blogs present recipes as traditional Mexican dishes when they were anything but, it got him riled up — and motivated him to mesh his love for design, cooking and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, so, \u003ca href=\"http://www.chicanoeats.com/\">Chicano Eats\u003c/a> was born. It's a bicultural and bilingual food blog where Castillo shares traditional and fusion Mexican recipes — presented with a stunning visual sensibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt='(Left) Tacos de Papa. (Right) \"El Vampiro,\" a blood orange mezcal margarita.' width=\"1300\" height=\"795\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118183\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-160x98.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-800x489.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-768x470.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-1020x624.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-1180x722.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-960x587.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-240x147.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-375x229.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/3_custom-a9803ae991cb041c1e425c3ec46fdee7c325d401-s1300-c85-520x318.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Left) Tacos de Papa. (Right) \"El Vampiro,\" a blood orange mezcal margarita. \u003ccite>(Esteban Castillo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>His photos have a vibrant and crisp aesthetic that reflect his background in graphic design and marketing. He says his colorful, minimalist presentation is meant to challenge the way people see Mexican food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you think of Mexican food, I feel like people envision this very rustic feeling, where everything is in a clay pot and stuff like that,\" Castillo says, adding, \"I wanted to give Mexican food this minimalist, very colorful treatment, because that's what I always gravitated to when I was in school.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His visual style is also a way to challenge how Mexican food is often perceived in the U.S., he says. \"Here in the U.S., Mexican food doesn't really hold a lot of clout. A lot of people think it's not something you would see at a five-star restaurant. They think it's street food. It's something we try to fight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when Castillo fuses Mexican flavors with American classics in his recipes, he says it's a way to honor his own upbringing. With innovative dishes like homemade \u003ca href=\"http://www.chicanoeats.com/mango-con-limon-peeps/\">Peeps covered with Tajin\u003c/a>, a Mexican spice mix of chili peppers, salt and lime, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.chicanoeats.com/chocomil-cupcakes/\">cupcakes made with Chocomil\u003c/a>, the powdered chocolate milk beloved south of the border, he is literally mixing his cultures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118187\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"(Left) Chocomíl Cupcakes with a Milk Chocolate Whipped Topping. (Right) Mole Brownie Tart with a Milk Chocolate Ganache.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"820\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118187\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-768x484.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-1020x643.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-1180x744.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-960x606.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-240x151.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-375x237.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/4_custom-728a45530ff0d7ba85b80f2845fffabf5027d8a3-s1300-c85-520x328.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Left) Chocomíl Cupcakes with a Milk Chocolate Whipped Topping. (Right) Mole Brownie Tart with a Milk Chocolate Ganache. \u003ccite>(Esteban Castillo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I see it as a nod to my bicultural identity — and how we've ... immersed ourselves into this culture, too,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castillo says these days, millennials want to connect with their history and culture. So when he saw a popular food site's social media sharing a \u003ca href=\"https://themodernproper.com/posts/turkey-pozole-rojo\">recipe\u003c/a> that called for using a jar of sweet salsa to make \u003cem>pozole rojo\u003c/em> — a traditional Mexican soup made with hominy, meat and chilies — he was reminded that context is key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you've ever made \u003cem>pozole\u003c/em>, or if you've ever had \u003cem>pozole\u003c/em>, you know that salsa is not used in it. So I was just kind of like, is anybody doing their research? I feel like nowadays, this is a huge piece that's being left out\" of the conversation around food. \"Where did things originate and how is it important to that specific culture?\" says Castillo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Guacamole\" width=\"1300\" height=\"1300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118186\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-768x768.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-240x240.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-375x375.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-520x520.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/img_3521_custom-92f404c798b228b4a3e4a2c36e72dfd50066d7a1-s1300-c85-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Guacamole \u003ccite>( Esteban Castillo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Castillo isn't the only one having these kind of conversations about food and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the recent uproar over Kooks Burritos, a Portland, Ore., food pop-up. In an interview with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wweek.com/uncategorized/2017/05/16/kooks-serves-pop-up-breakfast-burritos-with-handmade-tortillas-out-of-a-food-cart-on-cesar-chavez/\">Willamette Week\u003c/a>, a local alt-weekly newspaper, the two white American women behind the enterprise revealed that they learned how to make the burritos on a trip to Mexico by spying on all the \"tortilla ladies\" they would meet and grilling them for recipe information — seemingly without compensating them for their guidance or disclosing they were profiting from it. The incident rekindled the long-running conversation in the food world on the role of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/03/22/471309991/when-chefs-become-famous-cooking-other-cultures-food\">cultural appropriation in food\u003c/a> and restaurants. The backlash was so strong, Kooks closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castillo says it's important to understand the culture that food comes from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's such a sensitive topic. I feel like if people are going to be talking about food or making food that is out of their culture, I feel like [the dishes] just need to be well-researched and really pay tribute to those cultures and honor them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_118184\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85.jpg\" alt=\"(Left) Cucumber slices seasoned with Tajín and lime wedges. (Right) Vegan churros.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"638\" class=\"size-full wp-image-118184\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85.jpg 1300w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-160x79.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-800x393.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-768x377.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-1020x501.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-1180x579.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-960x471.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-240x118.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-375x184.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/2_custom-4bfb2d457845443b172a543ba5a75ae394acf357-s1300-c85-520x255.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Left) Cucumber slices seasoned with Tajín and lime wedges. (Right) Vegan churros. \u003ccite>(Esteban Castillo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That's what he tries to do with his creations. At an event a couple of weeks ago, he was contracted to create a cocktail. So he decided to play with\u003cem> tepache\u003c/em>, a pre-Columbian drink from Mexico consisting of fermented pineapple peels and rinds, brown sugar and cinnamon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event attracted a racially and ethnically mixed crowd, but he was surprised to learn that many people didn't know about this ancient drink, and found it an opportunity to create conversations on its origins. As for the guests who did recognize \u003cem>tepache\u003c/em> — mostly Mexicans and Mexican-Americans — he says the beverage stirred up memories of drinking it in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castillo has called his blogging a kind of activism, and he says he hopes to see more people of color take up food blogging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it comes to food blogging, I would like to see more diversity,\" he says. \"I feel like when it comes to other ethnicities blogging, we don't have that representation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he says that now is the best time to show that representation. \"People aren't afraid to voice their opinions or feelings on things. Our voice is really coming out to the spotlight. It's the time.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As farmer Jon McConaughy wades through his flock of 400 sheep, lambs bleat, seemingly saying \"maaaaa\" as they look for their mothers in the huge pasture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Between seven and 10 lambs a week is what we use,\" McConaughy says, looking across the field. \"That's what goes through the slaughterhouse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConaughy's Double Brook Farm has one of only two U.S. Department of Agriculture certified on-premises slaughter facilities in the country. That means that, instead of taking his animals to a large commercial slaughterhouse, he can slaughter his own pigs and lambs each week, all within the confines of the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it comes time for them to be harvested, we walk them to the slaughterhouse. So they never get on a trailer, they never have to experience the stress that goes along with most slaughterhouses,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His livestock live their entire lives on this farm, from birth to harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Double Brook works to reduce the stress on its animals for a few reasons: McConaughy thinks the quality of the life of an animal is just as important as the quality of its death. And, secondly, stress can ruin meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Stress hormones affect the acid levels, which affect the meat to the point in some cases where it's inedible,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On slaughter day, lambs and pigs are walked to the back of the slaughterhouse, which looks like a barn from the outside. The pigs grow up in the shadow of the building, and it's a short walk from their pasture to the holding pen. Then about 10 of each animal are selected for harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would say that's probably the hardest thing for me, is that on that particular day, why are those the ones chosen?\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last pig of the day is waiting in the holding pen, snorting and walking around the enclosure that held nine of its litter mates before. He has beady black eyes like marbles and is covered in dirt and coarse black hairs. Butchers herd him down a curved path into the slaughterhouse. Once inside, a gate is closed behind him and he stands in what's called the knock box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The butchers pet the pig and talk to him, while another butcher prepares the captive bolt — a bullet that is shot into the pig's head to render it unconscious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a commercial slaughterhouse, there is a pig every 15 to 20 seconds. We're watching the process right now and we have probably been sitting here for a minute and a half, watching this whole thing going on,\" McConaughy explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The butchers get the pig in place and the captive bolt fires with a loud crack. They open the gate and the pig falls to the floor. They take a knife and slice open its jugular vein, and the pig's blood spills out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The heart will continue to beat for another three or four minutes after the brain has been killed. And so the animal will continue to move and convulse,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pig twists and writhes in its own blood until it stops moving. The butchers, clad in heavy aprons and black rubber boots, lift the lifeless body into a metal machine, which boils its hair off. When the pig comes out it looks less like an animal and more like meat — its flesh is pink and clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A butcher then pops the toenails off with a knife. Another takes a blowtorch to scorch the remainder of the hair. They saw into the breast plate until the bone cracks, and use a giant serrated knife to cut the head off. Chains jangle as they hoist the body to the ceiling. One butcher slices the stomach and the guts plop into a metal wheelbarrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I happen to think that the slaughter process is something that most people should watch if they're going to eat animals, and if it turns them away from animals, then that's probably a good thing,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thinks being exposed to the slaughter process helps people connect the meat on their plate to the animal it once was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the big differences with our kids versus other kids is that they very, very rarely waste anything,\" McConaughy says. \"They understand that these animals gave their lives for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Paige Pfleger reports for WHYY's health and science show,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://whyy.org/thepulse\">The Pulse\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003cem>This story originally appeared on an episode of its podcast called \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-pulse/id772127662?mt=2\">The Meat Show\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.whyy.org\" target=\"_blank\">WHYY\u003c/a>, Inc.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Livestock farmer Jon McConaughy's animals live their whole lives on his farm - and die there, too, in his slaughterhouse. He tries to make the end as stress-free and respectful as he can, he says.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As farmer Jon McConaughy wades through his flock of 400 sheep, lambs bleat, seemingly saying \"maaaaa\" as they look for their mothers in the huge pasture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Between seven and 10 lambs a week is what we use,\" McConaughy says, looking across the field. \"That's what goes through the slaughterhouse.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConaughy's Double Brook Farm has one of only two U.S. Department of Agriculture certified on-premises slaughter facilities in the country. That means that, instead of taking his animals to a large commercial slaughterhouse, he can slaughter his own pigs and lambs each week, all within the confines of the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it comes time for them to be harvested, we walk them to the slaughterhouse. So they never get on a trailer, they never have to experience the stress that goes along with most slaughterhouses,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His livestock live their entire lives on this farm, from birth to harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Double Brook works to reduce the stress on its animals for a few reasons: McConaughy thinks the quality of the life of an animal is just as important as the quality of its death. And, secondly, stress can ruin meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Stress hormones affect the acid levels, which affect the meat to the point in some cases where it's inedible,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On slaughter day, lambs and pigs are walked to the back of the slaughterhouse, which looks like a barn from the outside. The pigs grow up in the shadow of the building, and it's a short walk from their pasture to the holding pen. Then about 10 of each animal are selected for harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would say that's probably the hardest thing for me, is that on that particular day, why are those the ones chosen?\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last pig of the day is waiting in the holding pen, snorting and walking around the enclosure that held nine of its litter mates before. He has beady black eyes like marbles and is covered in dirt and coarse black hairs. Butchers herd him down a curved path into the slaughterhouse. Once inside, a gate is closed behind him and he stands in what's called the knock box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The butchers pet the pig and talk to him, while another butcher prepares the captive bolt — a bullet that is shot into the pig's head to render it unconscious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a commercial slaughterhouse, there is a pig every 15 to 20 seconds. We're watching the process right now and we have probably been sitting here for a minute and a half, watching this whole thing going on,\" McConaughy explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The butchers get the pig in place and the captive bolt fires with a loud crack. They open the gate and the pig falls to the floor. They take a knife and slice open its jugular vein, and the pig's blood spills out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The heart will continue to beat for another three or four minutes after the brain has been killed. And so the animal will continue to move and convulse,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pig twists and writhes in its own blood until it stops moving. The butchers, clad in heavy aprons and black rubber boots, lift the lifeless body into a metal machine, which boils its hair off. When the pig comes out it looks less like an animal and more like meat — its flesh is pink and clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A butcher then pops the toenails off with a knife. Another takes a blowtorch to scorch the remainder of the hair. They saw into the breast plate until the bone cracks, and use a giant serrated knife to cut the head off. Chains jangle as they hoist the body to the ceiling. One butcher slices the stomach and the guts plop into a metal wheelbarrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I happen to think that the slaughter process is something that most people should watch if they're going to eat animals, and if it turns them away from animals, then that's probably a good thing,\" McConaughy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thinks being exposed to the slaughter process helps people connect the meat on their plate to the animal it once was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the big differences with our kids versus other kids is that they very, very rarely waste anything,\" McConaughy says. \"They understand that these animals gave their lives for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Paige Pfleger reports for WHYY's health and science show,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://whyy.org/thepulse\">The Pulse\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003cem>This story originally appeared on an episode of its podcast called \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-pulse/id772127662?mt=2\">The Meat Show\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.whyy.org\" target=\"_blank\">WHYY\u003c/a>, Inc.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Eat Less Meat: A Small Change with a Big Impact",
"title": "Eat Less Meat: A Small Change with a Big Impact",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cp>Industrial agriculture is reshaping the world, from our atmosphere to our dinner plates. Familiarize yourself with the current landscape: Meet your meats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117917\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"2291\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px-160x524.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px-240x785.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px-375x1227.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px-520x1702.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117918\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px-240x151.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px-375x236.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px-520x327.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117919\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat3-4-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"876\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat3-4-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat3-4-700px-160x200.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat3-4-700px-240x300.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat3-4-700px-375x469.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat3-4-700px-520x651.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117920\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat5-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"616\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat5-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat5-700px-160x141.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat5-700px-240x211.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat5-700px-375x330.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat5-700px-520x458.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117921\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat6-7-8-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"1324\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat6-7-8-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat6-7-8-700px-160x303.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat6-7-8-700px-240x454.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat6-7-8-700px-375x709.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat6-7-8-700px-520x984.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117922\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"663\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px-160x152.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px-240x227.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px-375x355.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px-520x493.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117923\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat10-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"784\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat10-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat10-700px-160x179.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat10-700px-240x269.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat10-700px-375x420.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat10-700px-520x582.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117924\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat11.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"937\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117925\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"1535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px-160x351.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px-240x526.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px-375x822.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px-520x1140.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117926\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat14-15-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"1258\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat14-15-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat14-15-700px-160x288.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat14-15-700px-240x431.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat14-15-700px-375x674.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat14-15-700px-520x935.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117927\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat16-17new-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"1644\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat16-17new-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat16-17new-700px-160x376.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat16-17new-700px-240x564.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat16-17new-700px-375x881.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat16-17new-700px-520x1221.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117928\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px-160x129.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px-240x193.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px-375x302.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px-520x419.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117929\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"680\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-160x155.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-240x233.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-375x364.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-520x505.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-50x50.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117930\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"674\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-160x154.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-240x231.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-375x361.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-520x501.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>FURTHER READING AND DATA SOURCES\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/about-the-industry/statistics/per-capita-consumption-of-poultry-and-livestock-1965-to-estimated-2012-in-pounds/\">American poultry and livestock consumption through history\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/less-beef-less-carbon-ip.pdf\">The Natural Resources Defense Council’s meat-eating study\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.worldwatch.org/node/6294\">The climate price of meat production\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://chartsbin.com/view/12730\">The growing demand for meat products worldwide\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.boell.de/sites/default/files/meat_atlas2014_kommentierbar.pdf\">The Meat Atlas 2014\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://data.oecd.org/agroutput/meat-consumption.htm\">OECD’s global per-capita meat consumption data\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/maps-and-graphics/world-according-to-meat-consumption/\">The Nation that Eats the Least Meat per Capita\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://factoryfarmmap.org/#animal:all;location:US;year:2012\">The concentration of animal agriculture in the U.S.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thedodo.com/bigger-chickens-breed-select-754013461.html\">Average farmed chicken size\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.takepart.com/article/2015/10/13/china-meat-consumption\">The Chinese government’s unease over the country’s shifting meat-eating habits\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://fusion.net/story/317473/china-wants-to-cut-meat-eating-in-half/\">China wants to cut meat-eating in half\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/21/dining/beef-consumption-emissions.html\">The real reasons why Americans are cutting back on their meat consumption\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/02/26/465431695/eat-less-meat-were-told-but-americans-habits-are-slow-to-change\">Eat Less Meat, We’re Told. But Americans’ Habits Are Slow To Change\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aspca.org/animal-protection/public-policy/ag-gag-legislation-state\">Ag-gag laws across the country\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fao.org/soils-portal/soil-management/soil-carbon-sequestration/en/\">The largely untapped promise of carbon farming\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.marincarbonproject.org/carbon-farming/carbon-farm-plans\">Carbon Farm plans\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>And the bad news: \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2016/september/us-beef-and-pork-consumption-projected-to-rebound/\">American meat-eating is likely to rebound from its modest dip\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Industrial agriculture is reshaping the world, from our atmosphere to our dinner plates. Familiarize yourself with the current landscape: Meet your meats.\r\n\r\n",
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"description": "Industrial agriculture is reshaping the world, from our atmosphere to our dinner plates. Familiarize yourself with the current landscape: Meet your meats.\r\n\r\n",
"title": "Eat Less Meat: A Small Change with a Big Impact | KQED",
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"headline": "Eat Less Meat: A Small Change with a Big Impact",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/author/scagle/\">Susie Cagle\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/civileat/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Industrial agriculture is reshaping the world, from our atmosphere to our dinner plates. Familiarize yourself with the current landscape: Meet your meats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117917\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"2291\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px-160x524.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px-240x785.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px-375x1227.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat1new-700px-520x1702.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117918\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px-240x151.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px-375x236.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat2-700px-520x327.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117919\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat3-4-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"876\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat3-4-700px.jpg 700w, 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class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117922\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"663\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px-160x152.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px-240x227.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px-375x355.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat9-700px-520x493.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117923\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat10-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"784\" 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srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px-160x351.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px-240x526.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px-375x822.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat12-13new-700px-520x1140.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117926\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat14-15-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"1258\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat14-15-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat14-15-700px-160x288.jpg 160w, 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https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat16-17new-700px-520x1221.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117928\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px-160x129.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px-240x193.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px-375x302.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat18-700px-520x419.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117929\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"680\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-160x155.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-240x233.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-375x364.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-520x505.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat19new-700px-50x50.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-117930\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"674\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-160x154.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-240x231.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-375x361.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-520x501.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/06/Cagle_CivilEats_meat20-700px-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>FURTHER READING AND DATA SOURCES\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/about-the-industry/statistics/per-capita-consumption-of-poultry-and-livestock-1965-to-estimated-2012-in-pounds/\">American poultry and livestock consumption through history\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/less-beef-less-carbon-ip.pdf\">The Natural Resources Defense Council’s meat-eating study\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.worldwatch.org/node/6294\">The climate price of meat production\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://chartsbin.com/view/12730\">The growing demand for meat products worldwide\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.boell.de/sites/default/files/meat_atlas2014_kommentierbar.pdf\">The Meat Atlas 2014\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://data.oecd.org/agroutput/meat-consumption.htm\">OECD’s global per-capita meat consumption data\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/maps-and-graphics/world-according-to-meat-consumption/\">The Nation that Eats the Least Meat per Capita\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://factoryfarmmap.org/#animal:all;location:US;year:2012\">The concentration of animal agriculture in the U.S.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thedodo.com/bigger-chickens-breed-select-754013461.html\">Average farmed chicken size\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.takepart.com/article/2015/10/13/china-meat-consumption\">The Chinese government’s unease over the country’s shifting meat-eating habits\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://fusion.net/story/317473/china-wants-to-cut-meat-eating-in-half/\">China wants to cut meat-eating in half\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/21/dining/beef-consumption-emissions.html\">The real reasons why Americans are cutting back on their meat consumption\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/02/26/465431695/eat-less-meat-were-told-but-americans-habits-are-slow-to-change\">Eat Less Meat, We’re Told. But Americans’ Habits Are Slow To Change\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aspca.org/animal-protection/public-policy/ag-gag-legislation-state\">Ag-gag laws across the country\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fao.org/soils-portal/soil-management/soil-carbon-sequestration/en/\">The largely untapped promise of carbon farming\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.marincarbonproject.org/carbon-farming/carbon-farm-plans\">Carbon Farm plans\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>And the bad news: \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2016/september/us-beef-and-pork-consumption-projected-to-rebound/\">American meat-eating is likely to rebound from its modest dip\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Pink Slime' Trial Begins, But It's The News Media Under The Microscope",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttps://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2017/05/20170531_atc_jury_selection_begins_in_south_dakota_pink_slime_defamation_lawsuit.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a South Dakota court room, ABC News will defend a series of stories it reported five years ago in a defamation law suit. Jury selection started Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a trial that could prove to be a measure of public attitudes toward the media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2012, ABC Correspondent Jim Avila reported on a practice of a South Dakota-based company called Beef Products, Inc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To lower the fat content of its ground beef, the company added something it called finely textured beef product, made from the trimmings of the cow – lean bits derived from muscle and connective tissue — after it was butchered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seventy percent of the ground beef we buy at the supermarket contains something he calls pink slime,\" Avila said in a clip from the original reporting – using the name for the substance that former USDA scientist microbiologist Gerald Zirnstein had given it: \"pink slime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ABC News pointed out in its stories that the addition of \"pink slime\" was common and not unsafe to eat, but was not labelled on meat packages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beef Products, Inc. says sudden public awareness of something with such an unappetizing name cost it business, leading it to close three plants and lay off more than 700 workers. In the wake of the ABC News reports, fast-food chains severed ties with the company, and hundreds of thousands of people signed petitions to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/03/15/148685884/usda-to-give-schools-more-ground-beef-choices-after-outcry-over-pink-slime\">keep pink slime\" out of school lunches\u003c/a>. In 2012, Beef Products, Inc. brought the suit that is just now coming to trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> host Robert Siegel discussed the case with Jane Kirtley, director of the Silha Center for the Study of Media Ethics and Law at the University of Minnesota. A transcript of their conversation follows, edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What does the company, Beef Products, Inc., have to show to win a defamation judgment against ABC News?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If what they're suing under is the agricultural disparagement law in South Dakota, they have to prove that ABC News said the beef product was unsafe to consume. If it's a common, garden-variety libel case, they have to prove that what was published about them was false. Moreover, they have to show that ABC News acted with what is called actual malice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is the company bringing this action under both laws?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's suing under everything under the sun – product disparagement, interference with business operations and a variety of other claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can Beef Products, Inc. argue successfully that by being the only company that was described doing this — even though it was done by many other companies — that this constituted defamation in some way?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the questions about the agricultural disparagement law is whether it deals with the company or with the product itself. BPI has claimed that essentially what ABC News has said is that the company was complicit in mislabeling or not labeling when [finely textured beef product] was included in beef that was sold to consumers in grocery stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>This case reminds me of Bismarck's line that people who want to savor either sausage or the law shouldn't watch the process of making either one. Making beef can look pretty ugly here. Is that essentially the essence of the lawsuit?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ABC News actually did some reporting at BPI and showed what it characterized as a pristine plant with pristine processing. But the mere use of the phrase pink slime was something that captured the public imagination and I think, frankly, escalated the ick factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>This case comes to trial at a time when the so-called mainstream media, which would include ABC News, are routinely attacked for purveying fake news and the president of the United States complains about lax libel laws. Could this case possibly move the standard for defamation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's only a trial decision at this point, so of course, it would have no precedential value. But I do think it's a bellwether in the sense that it raises two very critical issues. One is that BPI claims that ABC News was basically on a disinformation campaign, which is another way of saying fake news. The other goes at the heart of what the media are supposed to be doing, which is informing the public about things that might be matters of interest to them but which corporate America might not be interested in sharing with them. And I think that was ABC's justification for doing this story – simply to let people know that this substance was in their ground beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR senior editor and Salt host Maria Godoy contributed to this report.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seventy percent of the ground beef we buy at the supermarket contains something he calls pink slime,\" Avila said in a clip from the original reporting – using the name for the substance that former USDA scientist microbiologist Gerald Zirnstein had given it: \"pink slime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ABC News pointed out in its stories that the addition of \"pink slime\" was common and not unsafe to eat, but was not labelled on meat packages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beef Products, Inc. says sudden public awareness of something with such an unappetizing name cost it business, leading it to close three plants and lay off more than 700 workers. In the wake of the ABC News reports, fast-food chains severed ties with the company, and hundreds of thousands of people signed petitions to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/03/15/148685884/usda-to-give-schools-more-ground-beef-choices-after-outcry-over-pink-slime\">keep pink slime\" out of school lunches\u003c/a>. In 2012, Beef Products, Inc. brought the suit that is just now coming to trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> host Robert Siegel discussed the case with Jane Kirtley, director of the Silha Center for the Study of Media Ethics and Law at the University of Minnesota. A transcript of their conversation follows, edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What does the company, Beef Products, Inc., have to show to win a defamation judgment against ABC News?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If what they're suing under is the agricultural disparagement law in South Dakota, they have to prove that ABC News said the beef product was unsafe to consume. If it's a common, garden-variety libel case, they have to prove that what was published about them was false. Moreover, they have to show that ABC News acted with what is called actual malice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is the company bringing this action under both laws?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's suing under everything under the sun – product disparagement, interference with business operations and a variety of other claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can Beef Products, Inc. argue successfully that by being the only company that was described doing this — even though it was done by many other companies — that this constituted defamation in some way?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the questions about the agricultural disparagement law is whether it deals with the company or with the product itself. BPI has claimed that essentially what ABC News has said is that the company was complicit in mislabeling or not labeling when [finely textured beef product] was included in beef that was sold to consumers in grocery stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>This case reminds me of Bismarck's line that people who want to savor either sausage or the law shouldn't watch the process of making either one. Making beef can look pretty ugly here. Is that essentially the essence of the lawsuit?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ABC News actually did some reporting at BPI and showed what it characterized as a pristine plant with pristine processing. But the mere use of the phrase pink slime was something that captured the public imagination and I think, frankly, escalated the ick factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>This case comes to trial at a time when the so-called mainstream media, which would include ABC News, are routinely attacked for purveying fake news and the president of the United States complains about lax libel laws. Could this case possibly move the standard for defamation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's only a trial decision at this point, so of course, it would have no precedential value. But I do think it's a bellwether in the sense that it raises two very critical issues. One is that BPI claims that ABC News was basically on a disinformation campaign, which is another way of saying fake news. The other goes at the heart of what the media are supposed to be doing, which is informing the public about things that might be matters of interest to them but which corporate America might not be interested in sharing with them. And I think that was ABC's justification for doing this story – simply to let people know that this substance was in their ground beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR senior editor and Salt host Maria Godoy contributed to this report.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Top officials at the U.S. Department of Agriculture didn't even try to act enthusiastic as they unveiled details of their agency's proposed 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/documents/USDA-Budget-Summary-2018.pdf\">budget\u003c/a>, which includes drastic cuts in spending. \"We're going to do the best we can,\" said Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue. \"It's my job to implement that plan.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The broad outlines of this budget, with its 20 percent cut in the USDA's discretionary spending, had been released two months ago. This week, it became clear exactly what the Trump administration wants to cut: agricultural research, food aid for the poor, and programs that benefit small rural communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget also includes a surprise that's particularly unwelcome to big Midwestern farmers. It proposes new restrictions on government-subsidized crop insurance, a program that is particular favorite of grain farmers. The changes, which would require congressional approval, would limit the ability of large farmers to take advantage of those programs and cut government subsidies by more than $2.5 billion each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the American Farm Bureau Federation said that \"this budget fails agriculture and rural America.\" Similar criticism came from the \u003ca href=\"https://soygrowers.com/soy-growers-oppose-white-house-budget/\">American Soybean Association\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncga.com/news-and-resources/news-stories/article/2017/05/ncga-statement-on-presidents-proposed-fy18-budget\">National Corn Growers Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of those cuts, however, is dwarfed by proposed restrictions on the SNAP program, which helps the poor buy food. Those changes would cut SNAP spending by $4.6 billion in 2018, increasing to more than $20 billion annually by 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget reduces funding for the Agricultural Research Service by $360 million, or 26 percent. This would mean closing the doors at 17 research centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also completely eliminates the country's flagship program of international food aid, called Food For Peace. The current USDA budget includes $1.7 billion for that program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this, of course, is merely a proposal for Congress to consider, and by all indications, Congress is inclined to reject much of it. The Republican chairmen of the agricultural committees in both the Senate and the House released a muted joint \u003ca href=\"https://www.agriculture.senate.gov/newsroom/rep/press/release/agriculture-chairmen-roberts-conaway-react-to-administrations-fy-2018-budget-proposal\">statement\u003c/a> that said nothing at all about the proposal itself, but promised to \"fight to ensure farmers have a strong safety net.\" They also pledged \"to take a look at our nutrition assistance programs to ensure that they are helping the most vulnerable in our society\" — a signal that they hope to revive the rural-urban coalition in Congress that has traditionally defended a package of food aid and farm subsidies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congressman Collin Peterson (D-MN) said in a statement that \"this budget is going nowhere on Capitol Hill but it is still a statement of priorities and should be of concern to all rural Americans.\" Sen. Debbie Stabenow (D-MI) called it \"harsh and short-sighted.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Top officials at the U.S. Department of Agriculture didn't even try to act enthusiastic as they unveiled details of their agency's proposed 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/documents/USDA-Budget-Summary-2018.pdf\">budget\u003c/a>, which includes drastic cuts in spending. \"We're going to do the best we can,\" said Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue. \"It's my job to implement that plan.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The broad outlines of this budget, with its 20 percent cut in the USDA's discretionary spending, had been released two months ago. This week, it became clear exactly what the Trump administration wants to cut: agricultural research, food aid for the poor, and programs that benefit small rural communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget also includes a surprise that's particularly unwelcome to big Midwestern farmers. It proposes new restrictions on government-subsidized crop insurance, a program that is particular favorite of grain farmers. The changes, which would require congressional approval, would limit the ability of large farmers to take advantage of those programs and cut government subsidies by more than $2.5 billion each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the American Farm Bureau Federation said that \"this budget fails agriculture and rural America.\" Similar criticism came from the \u003ca href=\"https://soygrowers.com/soy-growers-oppose-white-house-budget/\">American Soybean Association\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncga.com/news-and-resources/news-stories/article/2017/05/ncga-statement-on-presidents-proposed-fy18-budget\">National Corn Growers Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of those cuts, however, is dwarfed by proposed restrictions on the SNAP program, which helps the poor buy food. Those changes would cut SNAP spending by $4.6 billion in 2018, increasing to more than $20 billion annually by 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget reduces funding for the Agricultural Research Service by $360 million, or 26 percent. This would mean closing the doors at 17 research centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also completely eliminates the country's flagship program of international food aid, called Food For Peace. The current USDA budget includes $1.7 billion for that program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this, of course, is merely a proposal for Congress to consider, and by all indications, Congress is inclined to reject much of it. The Republican chairmen of the agricultural committees in both the Senate and the House released a muted joint \u003ca href=\"https://www.agriculture.senate.gov/newsroom/rep/press/release/agriculture-chairmen-roberts-conaway-react-to-administrations-fy-2018-budget-proposal\">statement\u003c/a> that said nothing at all about the proposal itself, but promised to \"fight to ensure farmers have a strong safety net.\" They also pledged \"to take a look at our nutrition assistance programs to ensure that they are helping the most vulnerable in our society\" — a signal that they hope to revive the rural-urban coalition in Congress that has traditionally defended a package of food aid and farm subsidies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congressman Collin Peterson (D-MN) said in a statement that \"this budget is going nowhere on Capitol Hill but it is still a statement of priorities and should be of concern to all rural Americans.\" Sen. Debbie Stabenow (D-MI) called it \"harsh and short-sighted.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Nacho Cheese Sauce Tainted With Botulism Kills California Man",
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"content": "\u003cp>A rare outbreak of botulism has hospitalized nine people and killed one man in northern California, health officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outbreak began early last month when several people fell ill after eating nacho cheese sauce bought at a gas station in Walnut Grove, Calif., just outside Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials removed four batches of nacho cheese sauce from the Valley Oak Food and Fuel gas station on May 5. Now, that cheese has tested positive for the botulinum toxin, the California Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR17-047.aspx\">says\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement issued Monday, the department said it \"believes there is no continuing risk to the public.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man who died, Martin Galindo, had been in the hospital for several weeks before his death, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/support-for-martins-recovery\">GoFundMe page\u003c/a> created by his family. He had been on a ventilator and eventually fell into a coma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Botulism is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/\">caused by\u003c/a> a toxin secreted by the bacterium \u003cem>Clostridium botulinum. \u003c/em>The toxin attacks the nervous system, causing blurry vision, slurred speech, paralysis and difficulty breathing. In about 3 to 5 percent of cases, botulism is fatal, even when it's treated with antitoxin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Botulism is rare these days. Each year, there only about 20 cases in adults, linked to food poisoning, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/surveillance.html\">according to\u003c/a> the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The source is often \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/consumer.html\">home-canned food\u003c/a>, although sometimes the toxin does show up in retail products, like chopped garlic in oil, carrot juice and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/newsevents/publichealthfocus/ucm179201.htm\">chili pepper sauce\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As we head into the summer barbecue season, both indoor and outdoor chefs need to be on guard against all foodborne illnesses,\" said Dr. Karen Smith of the California Department of Public Health in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR17-047.aspx\">statement\u003c/a> Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Agriculture gives detailed \u003ca href=\"http://nchfp.uga.edu/publications/publications_usda.html\">instructions\u003c/a> for how to can foods safely, and the CDC has a list of recommendations to help prevent botulism in your canned food. For example:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Store the food at 50 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit before opening.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use the food within one year after canning.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Don't use cans that are swollen, cracked or squirt liquid or foam when you open them.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Boil foods low in acid for 10 minutes before eating. These foods include asparagus, beets, green beans, potatoes, some tomatoes, seafood and meat. High temperature will inactivate the toxin.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For retail products, store oils infused with garlic, chili sauces and canned cheeses in the refrigerator. And don't use them after their expiration dates. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A rare outbreak of botulism has hospitalized nine people and killed one man in northern California, health officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outbreak began early last month when several people fell ill after eating nacho cheese sauce bought at a gas station in Walnut Grove, Calif., just outside Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials removed four batches of nacho cheese sauce from the Valley Oak Food and Fuel gas station on May 5. Now, that cheese has tested positive for the botulinum toxin, the California Department of Public Health \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR17-047.aspx\">says\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement issued Monday, the department said it \"believes there is no continuing risk to the public.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man who died, Martin Galindo, had been in the hospital for several weeks before his death, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/support-for-martins-recovery\">GoFundMe page\u003c/a> created by his family. He had been on a ventilator and eventually fell into a coma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Botulism is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/\">caused by\u003c/a> a toxin secreted by the bacterium \u003cem>Clostridium botulinum. \u003c/em>The toxin attacks the nervous system, causing blurry vision, slurred speech, paralysis and difficulty breathing. In about 3 to 5 percent of cases, botulism is fatal, even when it's treated with antitoxin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Botulism is rare these days. Each year, there only about 20 cases in adults, linked to food poisoning, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/surveillance.html\">according to\u003c/a> the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The source is often \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/consumer.html\">home-canned food\u003c/a>, although sometimes the toxin does show up in retail products, like chopped garlic in oil, carrot juice and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/newsevents/publichealthfocus/ucm179201.htm\">chili pepper sauce\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As we head into the summer barbecue season, both indoor and outdoor chefs need to be on guard against all foodborne illnesses,\" said Dr. Karen Smith of the California Department of Public Health in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR17-047.aspx\">statement\u003c/a> Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Agriculture gives detailed \u003ca href=\"http://nchfp.uga.edu/publications/publications_usda.html\">instructions\u003c/a> for how to can foods safely, and the CDC has a list of recommendations to help prevent botulism in your canned food. For example:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Store the food at 50 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit before opening.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use the food within one year after canning.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Don't use cans that are swollen, cracked or squirt liquid or foam when you open them.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Boil foods low in acid for 10 minutes before eating. These foods include asparagus, beets, green beans, potatoes, some tomatoes, seafood and meat. High temperature will inactivate the toxin.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For retail products, store oils infused with garlic, chili sauces and canned cheeses in the refrigerator. And don't use them after their expiration dates. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Just How Organic Is Your Milk? Well, It Depends On The Dairy It Came From",
"title": "Just How Organic Is Your Milk? Well, It Depends On The Dairy It Came From",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the story from Weekend Edition Saturday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttps://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2017/05/20170506_wesat_organic_milk.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organic milk is widely available these days, but what does that label really mean? A new investigation from \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> found that\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/why-your-organic-milk-may-not-be-organic/2017/05/01/708ce5bc-ed76-11e6-9662-6eedf1627882_story.html?utm_term=.aeace9642cab\"> there are considerable differences between the organic milk\u003c/a> you can buy in a grocery store and the kind you can buy straight from farmers. \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/PeterWhoriskey\">Peter Whoriskey\u003c/a> investigated the Aurora Organic Dairy, which supplies house-brand organic milk to many large retailers and other large dairy operations. He joined NPR's Scott Simon on \u003cem>Weekend Edition Saturday\u003c/em> to talk about what he found out from his investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Interview highlights have been edited for clarity and length.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Interview Highlights\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On the difference between grocery-store organic milk and organic milk from small farms \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We tested them chemically, and you can see from the results how much time a cow has been eating pasture, which is what organic cows are supposed to be doing. And you could see, you know, conventional milk was very low in the grass-fed department. And some of the organic milk, especially ones from very small farms, was quite high. The larger corporate organic milks were sort of in the middle. And there was one large organic producer that was actually almost identical to conventional milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On what some of the corporate dairy farms look like\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, they don't look too much different than a conventional dairy. You have most of the cows that when we visited were in the feedlots and not out on pasture, which is where you would expect under organic regulations you'd see most of the cows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On what the differences mean\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under organic rules, you're supposed to graze the cows through the grazing season, and there are specific amounts of grass that they're supposed to be eating during that time. But they're supposed to be on grass throughout the grazing season. If - and we would go out to these places that had thousands and thousands of co\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003c/a>ws. And you might see 100, 200, 300 of them out, but the rest were not there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On how violations happen and regulations aren't enforced \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, the USDA has a very interesting enforcement system. Rather than sending USDA organic inspectors, each organic dairy or any organic farm hires their own inspection agency. They call them certifiers. And you hire your inspection agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They come out once a year, and they'll check paperwork. They might do some other tests. But generally speaking, there's obviously a conflict of interest there because they're your employee, and they're testing you and going to tell you whether or not your milk's organic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On how farmers of smaller dairy operations feel \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've never met a farmer who thought business was great, and everything was going really well. These guys are obviously under a lot of pressure, and they're very upset that they're competing against people who are not playing by the rules. They look at a very large farm, and for certain practical reasons, it's hard to do a 15,000 cow facility because you have to have enough land ... and even if you get enough land, it takes a long time to get the cows out to pasture and then back to milk. So there's a reason why there's a lot of small farms. It's a little bit easier. So they're frustrated, a lot of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On being able to taste or see the difference \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I can't taste it. I don't know that anybody can. What you can sort of see if you buy a house brand of milk, you can look at the code on the milk. It's usually four or five numbers. It's the milk processing code. For example, Aurora Organic Dairy is 08-29. And if you see that on the milk, then you know - at least know where it's coming from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some ways to judge whether or not the milk is coming from a place that means to really produce organic milk. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cornucopia.org/\">Cornucopia Institute\u003c/a> is a group that issues a dairy scorecard. It's an activist group based in Wisconsin that has a lot of small farmers as members, and they became concerned about this and have really been banging on the drum for 10 years on this issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Wynne Davis produced this story for The Salt. \u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Is there a difference between organic milk bought in a grocery store and milk bought straight from farmers? \u003cem>Washington Post\u003c/em> reporter Peter Whoriskey talks with NPR's Scott Simon about his findings.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the story from Weekend Edition Saturday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organic milk is widely available these days, but what does that label really mean? A new investigation from \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em> found that\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/why-your-organic-milk-may-not-be-organic/2017/05/01/708ce5bc-ed76-11e6-9662-6eedf1627882_story.html?utm_term=.aeace9642cab\"> there are considerable differences between the organic milk\u003c/a> you can buy in a grocery store and the kind you can buy straight from farmers. \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/PeterWhoriskey\">Peter Whoriskey\u003c/a> investigated the Aurora Organic Dairy, which supplies house-brand organic milk to many large retailers and other large dairy operations. He joined NPR's Scott Simon on \u003cem>Weekend Edition Saturday\u003c/em> to talk about what he found out from his investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Interview highlights have been edited for clarity and length.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Interview Highlights\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On the difference between grocery-store organic milk and organic milk from small farms \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We tested them chemically, and you can see from the results how much time a cow has been eating pasture, which is what organic cows are supposed to be doing. And you could see, you know, conventional milk was very low in the grass-fed department. And some of the organic milk, especially ones from very small farms, was quite high. The larger corporate organic milks were sort of in the middle. And there was one large organic producer that was actually almost identical to conventional milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On what some of the corporate dairy farms look like\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways, they don't look too much different than a conventional dairy. You have most of the cows that when we visited were in the feedlots and not out on pasture, which is where you would expect under organic regulations you'd see most of the cows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On what the differences mean\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under organic rules, you're supposed to graze the cows through the grazing season, and there are specific amounts of grass that they're supposed to be eating during that time. But they're supposed to be on grass throughout the grazing season. If - and we would go out to these places that had thousands and thousands of co\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003c/a>ws. And you might see 100, 200, 300 of them out, but the rest were not there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On how violations happen and regulations aren't enforced \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, the USDA has a very interesting enforcement system. Rather than sending USDA organic inspectors, each organic dairy or any organic farm hires their own inspection agency. They call them certifiers. And you hire your inspection agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They come out once a year, and they'll check paperwork. They might do some other tests. But generally speaking, there's obviously a conflict of interest there because they're your employee, and they're testing you and going to tell you whether or not your milk's organic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On how farmers of smaller dairy operations feel \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've never met a farmer who thought business was great, and everything was going really well. These guys are obviously under a lot of pressure, and they're very upset that they're competing against people who are not playing by the rules. They look at a very large farm, and for certain practical reasons, it's hard to do a 15,000 cow facility because you have to have enough land ... and even if you get enough land, it takes a long time to get the cows out to pasture and then back to milk. So there's a reason why there's a lot of small farms. It's a little bit easier. So they're frustrated, a lot of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On being able to taste or see the difference \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I can't taste it. I don't know that anybody can. What you can sort of see if you buy a house brand of milk, you can look at the code on the milk. It's usually four or five numbers. It's the milk processing code. For example, Aurora Organic Dairy is 08-29. And if you see that on the milk, then you know - at least know where it's coming from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some ways to judge whether or not the milk is coming from a place that means to really produce organic milk. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cornucopia.org/\">Cornucopia Institute\u003c/a> is a group that issues a dairy scorecard. It's an activist group based in Wisconsin that has a lot of small farmers as members, and they became concerned about this and have really been banging on the drum for 10 years on this issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Wynne Davis produced this story for The Salt. \u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "A New Law Would Legalize Selling Home-Cooked Food in California",
"title": "A New Law Would Legalize Selling Home-Cooked Food in California",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cp>A few years back, Christina Nelson, an office manager and student, craved a more meaningful life. She soon joined the Slow Food movement in San Diego, and began to experiment with cooking local and sustainable meals prepared in traditional ways. Eventually, she learned how to make naturally leavened bread using locally milled whole grains. She loved the whole process and decided to make a career out of baking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was something I’d always thought about as a kid, [that] it would be fun to run a café,” Nelson said. She landed a job working in a commercial bakery in Los Angeles, but the grueling commute from her new home in Orange County curtailed that dream. Deciding to make a go of it on her own, Nelson rented space in a shared commercial kitchen. But the hourly rental fees added up quickly during her 12-hour baking shifts, making for little, if any, profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, Nelson could apply for a cottage food permit, thanks to a 2012 California \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/pages/fdbcottagefood.aspx\">law\u003c/a> allowing home cooks to sell some non-perishable foods—granola, candies, baked goods—out of their home kitchens. The process that took months, and included an inspection visit from a local health regulator, and once she was permitted, she launched \u003ca href=\"https://www.demeterbread.com/about\">Demeter Bread and Pastry\u003c/a>, and began selling bread, cookies, and other baked goods at the Santa Ana farmers’ market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Nelson sees another business opportunity in selling hot, healthy, and locally sourced lunches at nearby business parks, but she can’t do that under the current law. But that could change. In February, California Assemblymember Eduardo Garcia \u003ca href=\"https://a56.asmdc.org/press-release/assemblymember-eduardo-garcia-introduces-bill-legalize-homemade-meal-sales\">introduced\u003c/a> the Homemade Food Legislation Act (AB 626), which would permit the sale of prepared meals and other foods from small-scale home kitchen operations. Last week, AB 626 \u003ca href=\"http://www.record-bee.com/lifestyle/20170427/bill-would-allow-home-cooks-to-sell-meals\">passed the state’s Health Committee\u003c/a> with a vote of 12-0, with three members abstaining; the full Assembly is set to vote on the bill before May 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Garcia hopes the bill can be an “important lever of economic empowerment for immigrant, minority, and other vulnerable communities,” it’s not without its opponents. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.theselc.org/cottage_food_laws\">Sustainable Economies Law Center\u003c/a> (SELC), the group that wrote the 2012 bill, worries that the new legislation could give \u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2015/08/10/josephine-com-wants-to-bring-the-sharing-economy-to-your-kitchen/\">web platforms like Josephine\u003c/a>, and others tech companies like it on the horizon, too much power over home cook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reducing Barriers for Marginalized Cooks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of my constituents have expressed their concerns and frustrations trying to work in compliance with the existing, overly complicated cottage food laws,” said Garcia in a \u003ca href=\"https://a56.asmdc.org/press-release/assemblymember-eduardo-garcia-introduces-bill-legalize-homemade-meal-sales\">press release\u003c/a>. “This measure aims to knock down barriers and expand opportunities for marginalized populations who often lack access to the professional food world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson, who has struggled to find the resources to expand her business beyond baked goods, hopes the legislation will allow her to have an additional source of income without a huge infusion of money. “It would make it a lot easier for me to expand without renting a commercial kitchen space.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is one of the state’s many home cooks, a significant percentage of whom are women and immigrants, who could benefit from the new legislation, which would legalize the small-scale sale of homemade foods like tamales and other hot foods. Last year, the hazards of participating in the informal food economy came to light when the story of Mariza Ruelas went viral. The Stockton mom of six was \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-ceviche-selling-stockton-20161107-story.html\">threatened by authorities\u003c/a> for selling homemade ceviche through a private Facebook food swap group. Ruelas, no surprise, \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B0Z_vVfobXaIZklfTDJpeDFTczA/view\">supports the new legislation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Janus, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.kesq.com/news/coachella-aims-to-open-a-sharekitchen/63035443\">ShareKitchen\u003c/a> and a consultant with the Coachella Valley Small Business Development Center, thinks the proposed law is great, especially if it means streamlining the permit process while empowering small business incubation for those who can’t operate legally under existing cottage food laws. When more people can legally start small food businesses at home, the idea goes, they’ll also have a legitimate stepping stone to successful catering or commercial food operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of traditional Hispanic foods being prepared in home kitchens and shared in local communities that are unregulated,” said Janus. She adds that the legislation could help to address current issues of safety, sanitation, equity, and zoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Uberization of Homemade Food?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The homemade food legislation still has a long way to go. In its current form, it’s only a legislative declaration of intent or a “spot bill.” It doesn’t lay out any specifics about training requirements, or what the actual permit process and registration might look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_117102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" class=\"size-full wp-image-117102\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://stories.josephine.com/\">Josephine\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Essentially, the bill seeks to create a new registration or permit process that would allow home cooks to sell directly to customers while complying with a series of health, safety, sanitation, and education guidelines,” said Matt Jorgensen, the co-CEO of Josephine, an online food sales platform headquartered in Oakland. Josephine sponsored the new legislation after cooks in several Bay Area cities selling meals through its site received \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2016/05/11/food-startup-josephine-pauses-east-bay-operations/\">cease-and-desist orders from health regulators last summer\u003c/a>. The company continues to operate in Oregon and Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Josephine made the foray into the legislative process early last year, but the bill’s first iteration was killed on arrival, shot down by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ccdeh.com/\">California Conference of Directors of Environmental Health\u003c/a> (CCDEH).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hadn’t worked with them to develop a policy. They told us that if there was going to be some sort of legitimization of this informal economy, then they needed to be part of it, and it needed to be a new permit process,” said Jorgensen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within months, the health regulators developed an ad hoc committee to develop the language of the legislation and permit process. At the same time, Josephine assembled a working group made up of home cooks, legal experts from the UCLA and Harvard Food Law Clinics, and other stakeholders including the California Food Policy Council, the Cottage Food Operator’s Association of America, and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the stakeholders were in place, Josephine’s representatives connected with Assemblymember Garcia, who had already expressed a desire to revisit homemade food laws as a way to develop his policy agenda of economic empowerment of minority populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early on, Josephine also worked closely with SELC and Christina Oatfield, a policy director with the organization, who was a key architect of the 2012 Cottage Food Act. However, SELC recently stepped away from the new, expanded legislation, saying they were not comfortable with the potential \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xT6A3kWTsNM\">“Uberization” of food\u003c/a> posed by the participation of companies like Josephine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Oatfield, SELC will only support further homemade food legislation if it \u003ca href=\"http://www.theselc.org/creating_community_owned_food_systems\">ensures\u003c/a> some form of community ownership of any web platforms involved in the sale of homemade foods. They’d like to see a provision that limits that ownership to cooks and/or eater-owned cooperatives, nonprofit organizations, or government agencies. The model they proposed is based on the way certified farmers’ markets are run in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have a whole industry that’s operated by stakeholder groups—farmers, home cooks, nonprofit organization groups, local governments—it really changes the dynamic and changes the priorities for the industry—compared to tech companies that are for-profit and backed by venture capitalists out to make huge profits,” explained Oatfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not yet clear how such a law would be enforced. It could be through individual court actions, or through a limit on the types of web platforms that receive permits from environmental health regulators at the county or city level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is clear is that a company like Josephine, as it’s currently structured, would not be allowed to operate legally under SELC’s proposal. At play, says Oatfield, are important questions about whether home cooks will be considered independent contractors, and whether they will have any protections under employment law. There are also questions about whether the cooks working with online platforms will be pressed to cook more food faster or with lower-quality ingredients, either of which could affect food safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know what’s going to happen, but looking at other industries where tech has come in and shaken things up, we have a lot of reasons to be concerned,” added Oatfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like the idea of having an nonprofit or co-op model because our margins aren’t going to be big,” said Christina Nelson, the baker. Home kitchens aren’t set up to mass-produce, she points out. “It’s not like anyone is getting rich off of doing this in their home and if a for-profit company took a good chunk, it wouldn’t be worth doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last August, Jorgensen addressed some of these issues in a \u003ca href=\"https://blog.josephine.com/towards-a-more-sharing-economy-d06181092f81\">statement.\u003c/a> As he explained it, Josephine takes a 10 percent cut of a cook’s sales. In addition, Josephine has established a Cook Council to act as a communication bridge between the company and the cooks; a representative from the council holds a seat on Josephine’s Board of Directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Josephine co-CEO Charley Wang \u003ca href=\"https://blog.josephine.com/last-month-josephine-introduced-a-new-bill-that-would-allow-home-cooks-to-make-money-selling-food-9281a42616f8\">has argued\u003c/a> from the start that it’s possible for a for-profit tech company to empower and give agency to their providers rather than exploiting them for maximum output and profit. In exchange, cooks—some of whom lack the language and/or technology skills to market themselves—get an established platform that, in theory, gives access to the support and resources they need to sell their food to customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others agree with Wang. A self-professed “great fan of cooperatives,” Peter Ruddock, a coordinator with \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CalFPC/\">California Food Policy Council \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.slowfoodusa.org/slow-food-california\">Slow Food California\u003c/a>, says linking homemade food and cooperatives complicates the legislation without offering significant benefits. Furthermore, he says it was easy for Uber for commodify rides, which aren’t all that unique. It’ll be harder for a tech company to commodify homemade meals, which vary by geography, ingredients, and individual chefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Ruddock thinks we should welcome any opportunity to expand local food businesses. “This is one of many steps to reconnect with our food,” he said. “This [new homemade food legislation] is the next step in what is probably going to be a long-term process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other states, some cooks have already turned to tech companies as support for their home cooking endeavors. In addition to Josephine, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/mealsurfers-food-cooks-hungry-1.3312848\">Meal Surfers\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://la.eater.com/2015/10/7/9472893/delivery-app-mytable-cooks-local-meal-new\">MyTable\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://umi.kitchen/\">Umi Kitchen\u003c/a> are hoping to engage home chefs in Los Angeles, New York, Toronto, and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the benefits are tangible where it’s working. Take Ramona Chitrakar-Walson, who immigrated to the U.S. from Nepal. Now a mother of two living in Seattle, Washington, Chitrakar-Walson uses the Josephine site to sell authentic Nepalese meals to fellow immigrants from Nepal and other curious eaters. She’d considered joining a cooking club or selling momos (Nepali dumplings) at the local farmers’ market, but she balked at the start-up costs and paperwork involved in starting her own business. The ready-to-go tech platform has allowed her to focus on cooking meals for her home and connecting with the local community instead\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t have been able to start anything like this on my own,” said Chitrakar-Walson.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About the Author\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nLeilani Clark is a freelance writer based in Santa Rosa, California. Her work has appeared in \u003cem>The North Bay Bohemian\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Made Local\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Shareable\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Yes, \u003c/em>\u003cem>The Orlando Weekly\u003c/em>, and \u003cem>The Sacramento News and Review\u003c/em>. She is a 2014 California Endowment Health Journalism Fellow through the USC Annenberg School of Communication.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A few years back, Christina Nelson, an office manager and student, craved a more meaningful life. She soon joined the Slow Food movement in San Diego, and began to experiment with cooking local and sustainable meals prepared in traditional ways. Eventually, she learned how to make naturally leavened bread using locally milled whole grains. She loved the whole process and decided to make a career out of baking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was something I’d always thought about as a kid, [that] it would be fun to run a café,” Nelson said. She landed a job working in a commercial bakery in Los Angeles, but the grueling commute from her new home in Orange County curtailed that dream. Deciding to make a go of it on her own, Nelson rented space in a shared commercial kitchen. But the hourly rental fees added up quickly during her 12-hour baking shifts, making for little, if any, profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, Nelson could apply for a cottage food permit, thanks to a 2012 California \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/pages/fdbcottagefood.aspx\">law\u003c/a> allowing home cooks to sell some non-perishable foods—granola, candies, baked goods—out of their home kitchens. The process that took months, and included an inspection visit from a local health regulator, and once she was permitted, she launched \u003ca href=\"https://www.demeterbread.com/about\">Demeter Bread and Pastry\u003c/a>, and began selling bread, cookies, and other baked goods at the Santa Ana farmers’ market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Nelson sees another business opportunity in selling hot, healthy, and locally sourced lunches at nearby business parks, but she can’t do that under the current law. But that could change. In February, California Assemblymember Eduardo Garcia \u003ca href=\"https://a56.asmdc.org/press-release/assemblymember-eduardo-garcia-introduces-bill-legalize-homemade-meal-sales\">introduced\u003c/a> the Homemade Food Legislation Act (AB 626), which would permit the sale of prepared meals and other foods from small-scale home kitchen operations. Last week, AB 626 \u003ca href=\"http://www.record-bee.com/lifestyle/20170427/bill-would-allow-home-cooks-to-sell-meals\">passed the state’s Health Committee\u003c/a> with a vote of 12-0, with three members abstaining; the full Assembly is set to vote on the bill before May 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Garcia hopes the bill can be an “important lever of economic empowerment for immigrant, minority, and other vulnerable communities,” it’s not without its opponents. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.theselc.org/cottage_food_laws\">Sustainable Economies Law Center\u003c/a> (SELC), the group that wrote the 2012 bill, worries that the new legislation could give \u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/2015/08/10/josephine-com-wants-to-bring-the-sharing-economy-to-your-kitchen/\">web platforms like Josephine\u003c/a>, and others tech companies like it on the horizon, too much power over home cook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reducing Barriers for Marginalized Cooks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of my constituents have expressed their concerns and frustrations trying to work in compliance with the existing, overly complicated cottage food laws,” said Garcia in a \u003ca href=\"https://a56.asmdc.org/press-release/assemblymember-eduardo-garcia-introduces-bill-legalize-homemade-meal-sales\">press release\u003c/a>. “This measure aims to knock down barriers and expand opportunities for marginalized populations who often lack access to the professional food world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson, who has struggled to find the resources to expand her business beyond baked goods, hopes the legislation will allow her to have an additional source of income without a huge infusion of money. “It would make it a lot easier for me to expand without renting a commercial kitchen space.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is one of the state’s many home cooks, a significant percentage of whom are women and immigrants, who could benefit from the new legislation, which would legalize the small-scale sale of homemade foods like tamales and other hot foods. Last year, the hazards of participating in the informal food economy came to light when the story of Mariza Ruelas went viral. The Stockton mom of six was \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-ceviche-selling-stockton-20161107-story.html\">threatened by authorities\u003c/a> for selling homemade ceviche through a private Facebook food swap group. Ruelas, no surprise, \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B0Z_vVfobXaIZklfTDJpeDFTczA/view\">supports the new legislation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Janus, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.kesq.com/news/coachella-aims-to-open-a-sharekitchen/63035443\">ShareKitchen\u003c/a> and a consultant with the Coachella Valley Small Business Development Center, thinks the proposed law is great, especially if it means streamlining the permit process while empowering small business incubation for those who can’t operate legally under existing cottage food laws. When more people can legally start small food businesses at home, the idea goes, they’ll also have a legitimate stepping stone to successful catering or commercial food operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of traditional Hispanic foods being prepared in home kitchens and shared in local communities that are unregulated,” said Janus. She adds that the legislation could help to address current issues of safety, sanitation, equity, and zoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Uberization of Homemade Food?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The homemade food legislation still has a long way to go. In its current form, it’s only a legislative declaration of intent or a “spot bill.” It doesn’t lay out any specifics about training requirements, or what the actual permit process and registration might look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_117102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" class=\"size-full wp-image-117102\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/05/170425-cottage-food-2-768x512-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://stories.josephine.com/\">Josephine\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Essentially, the bill seeks to create a new registration or permit process that would allow home cooks to sell directly to customers while complying with a series of health, safety, sanitation, and education guidelines,” said Matt Jorgensen, the co-CEO of Josephine, an online food sales platform headquartered in Oakland. Josephine sponsored the new legislation after cooks in several Bay Area cities selling meals through its site received \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2016/05/11/food-startup-josephine-pauses-east-bay-operations/\">cease-and-desist orders from health regulators last summer\u003c/a>. The company continues to operate in Oregon and Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Josephine made the foray into the legislative process early last year, but the bill’s first iteration was killed on arrival, shot down by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ccdeh.com/\">California Conference of Directors of Environmental Health\u003c/a> (CCDEH).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hadn’t worked with them to develop a policy. They told us that if there was going to be some sort of legitimization of this informal economy, then they needed to be part of it, and it needed to be a new permit process,” said Jorgensen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within months, the health regulators developed an ad hoc committee to develop the language of the legislation and permit process. At the same time, Josephine assembled a working group made up of home cooks, legal experts from the UCLA and Harvard Food Law Clinics, and other stakeholders including the California Food Policy Council, the Cottage Food Operator’s Association of America, and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the stakeholders were in place, Josephine’s representatives connected with Assemblymember Garcia, who had already expressed a desire to revisit homemade food laws as a way to develop his policy agenda of economic empowerment of minority populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early on, Josephine also worked closely with SELC and Christina Oatfield, a policy director with the organization, who was a key architect of the 2012 Cottage Food Act. However, SELC recently stepped away from the new, expanded legislation, saying they were not comfortable with the potential \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xT6A3kWTsNM\">“Uberization” of food\u003c/a> posed by the participation of companies like Josephine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Oatfield, SELC will only support further homemade food legislation if it \u003ca href=\"http://www.theselc.org/creating_community_owned_food_systems\">ensures\u003c/a> some form of community ownership of any web platforms involved in the sale of homemade foods. They’d like to see a provision that limits that ownership to cooks and/or eater-owned cooperatives, nonprofit organizations, or government agencies. The model they proposed is based on the way certified farmers’ markets are run in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have a whole industry that’s operated by stakeholder groups—farmers, home cooks, nonprofit organization groups, local governments—it really changes the dynamic and changes the priorities for the industry—compared to tech companies that are for-profit and backed by venture capitalists out to make huge profits,” explained Oatfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not yet clear how such a law would be enforced. It could be through individual court actions, or through a limit on the types of web platforms that receive permits from environmental health regulators at the county or city level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is clear is that a company like Josephine, as it’s currently structured, would not be allowed to operate legally under SELC’s proposal. At play, says Oatfield, are important questions about whether home cooks will be considered independent contractors, and whether they will have any protections under employment law. There are also questions about whether the cooks working with online platforms will be pressed to cook more food faster or with lower-quality ingredients, either of which could affect food safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know what’s going to happen, but looking at other industries where tech has come in and shaken things up, we have a lot of reasons to be concerned,” added Oatfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like the idea of having an nonprofit or co-op model because our margins aren’t going to be big,” said Christina Nelson, the baker. Home kitchens aren’t set up to mass-produce, she points out. “It’s not like anyone is getting rich off of doing this in their home and if a for-profit company took a good chunk, it wouldn’t be worth doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last August, Jorgensen addressed some of these issues in a \u003ca href=\"https://blog.josephine.com/towards-a-more-sharing-economy-d06181092f81\">statement.\u003c/a> As he explained it, Josephine takes a 10 percent cut of a cook’s sales. In addition, Josephine has established a Cook Council to act as a communication bridge between the company and the cooks; a representative from the council holds a seat on Josephine’s Board of Directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Josephine co-CEO Charley Wang \u003ca href=\"https://blog.josephine.com/last-month-josephine-introduced-a-new-bill-that-would-allow-home-cooks-to-make-money-selling-food-9281a42616f8\">has argued\u003c/a> from the start that it’s possible for a for-profit tech company to empower and give agency to their providers rather than exploiting them for maximum output and profit. In exchange, cooks—some of whom lack the language and/or technology skills to market themselves—get an established platform that, in theory, gives access to the support and resources they need to sell their food to customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others agree with Wang. A self-professed “great fan of cooperatives,” Peter Ruddock, a coordinator with \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CalFPC/\">California Food Policy Council \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.slowfoodusa.org/slow-food-california\">Slow Food California\u003c/a>, says linking homemade food and cooperatives complicates the legislation without offering significant benefits. Furthermore, he says it was easy for Uber for commodify rides, which aren’t all that unique. It’ll be harder for a tech company to commodify homemade meals, which vary by geography, ingredients, and individual chefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Ruddock thinks we should welcome any opportunity to expand local food businesses. “This is one of many steps to reconnect with our food,” he said. “This [new homemade food legislation] is the next step in what is probably going to be a long-term process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other states, some cooks have already turned to tech companies as support for their home cooking endeavors. In addition to Josephine, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/mealsurfers-food-cooks-hungry-1.3312848\">Meal Surfers\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://la.eater.com/2015/10/7/9472893/delivery-app-mytable-cooks-local-meal-new\">MyTable\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"http://umi.kitchen/\">Umi Kitchen\u003c/a> are hoping to engage home chefs in Los Angeles, New York, Toronto, and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the benefits are tangible where it’s working. Take Ramona Chitrakar-Walson, who immigrated to the U.S. from Nepal. Now a mother of two living in Seattle, Washington, Chitrakar-Walson uses the Josephine site to sell authentic Nepalese meals to fellow immigrants from Nepal and other curious eaters. She’d considered joining a cooking club or selling momos (Nepali dumplings) at the local farmers’ market, but she balked at the start-up costs and paperwork involved in starting her own business. The ready-to-go tech platform has allowed her to focus on cooking meals for her home and connecting with the local community instead\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t have been able to start anything like this on my own,” said Chitrakar-Walson.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About the Author\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nLeilani Clark is a freelance writer based in Santa Rosa, California. Her work has appeared in \u003cem>The North Bay Bohemian\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Made Local\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Shareable\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Yes, \u003c/em>\u003cem>The Orlando Weekly\u003c/em>, and \u003cem>The Sacramento News and Review\u003c/em>. She is a 2014 California Endowment Health Journalism Fellow through the USC Annenberg School of Communication.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump Administration Rolls Back 2 Of Michelle Obama's Signature Initiatives",
"title": "Trump Administration Rolls Back 2 Of Michelle Obama's Signature Initiatives",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cp>Former first lady Michelle Obama might find some of the latest actions by the Trump administration pretty difficult to stomach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday newly minted Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue announced a rollback of school lunch standards championed by the former first lady, declaring at a Virginia school that the administration would \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2017/05/01/ag-secretary-perdue-moves-make-school-meals-great-again\">Make School Meals Great Again\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/01/politics/trump-michelle-obama-girls-education/index.html?sr=twCNN050117trump-michelle-obama-girls-education0521PMVODtopLink&linkId=37069141\">CNN reported\u003c/a> that the Trump White House will not continue the Let Girls Learn program in its current form. The initiative aims to provide educational opportunities for young women in developing countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school nutrition standards have long been a source of controversy, making them a more likely target of the current administration. Reports about the Let Girls Learn program, which the Peace Corps oversees, are perhaps more surprising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email obtained by CNN, Peace Corps acting director Sheila Crowley said, \" 'Let Girls Learn' provided a platform to showcase Peace Corps' strength in community development, shining a bright light on the work of our Volunteers all over the world.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Crawley noted, \"moving forward, we will not continue to use the 'Let Girls Learn' brand or maintain a stand-alone program.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither the White House nor the Peace Corps responded to emails from NPR to verify the decision or to comment on it. But the Peace Corps told CNN that the agency would continue to \"to prioritize girls' education and empowerment programming.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former first lady \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/03/03/390500072/peace-corps-teams-up-with-first-lady-to-let-girls-learn\">launched\u003c/a> the Let Girls Learn initiative in 2015, saying that it would tailor an approach to the problem girls face in many developing countries, including being forced into child marriages and not having appropriate bathrooms for girls who may seek to attend schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have told me that whatever obstacles these girls face — whether it's school fees, or violence or cultural beliefs that girls simply aren't worthy of an education — you've said that these problems will not be fixed from on high,\" Obama told activists who pushed for the approach. \"That these are community challenges that call for community solutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first lady made the initiative a priority of her husband's final years in office, traveling in 2016 to Liberia and Morocco with her daughters, Malia and Sasha, and actresses Meryl Streep and Freida Pinto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Promoting healthy eating and combating childhood obesity were also top priorities for Michelle Obama. Curbing the requirements that Obama pushed for, Agriculture Secretary Perdue argued on Monday that the standards led to children simply not eating the lunches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This announcement is the result of years of feedback from students, schools, and food service experts about the challenges they are facing in meeting the final regulations for school meals,\" Perdue said in a statement. \"If kids aren't eating the food, and it's ending up in the trash, they aren't getting any nutrition — thus undermining the intent of the program.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR's Allison Aubrey reports that the School Nutrition Association, which represents school food administrators, has been pushing for the changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The affected standards involve whole grain requirements, sodium content and milk options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA will now let states grant exemptions regarding whole grain standards for the 2017-2018 school year if they're having trouble meeting the requirements, and the agency said it will \"take all necessary regulatory actions to implement a long-term solution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sodium reductions set in place by the Obama administration will be postponed for at least three years to \"provide schools and the school nutrition industry with the certainty and predictability they need to make appropriate plans for creating foods with the appropriate amount of sodium.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Milk requirements would also loosen, allowing schools to serve 1 percent flavored milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fight over school lunches has lasted years. Even after the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 took effect, Michelle Obama continued to have to defend its importance, as NPR's Tamara Keith \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/05/27/316457427/first-lady-fights-to-keep-healthy-school-lunch-law-intact\">reported in 2014\u003c/a>. In 2016 the Senate settled on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/01/20/463618556/food-fight-fizzles-as-senate-nears-compromise-on-school-nutrition-rules\">a compromise\u003c/a> that would keep most of the new standards in place, including requiring to schools to serve more fruits and vegetables along with the planned reductions in sodium and increase in whole grains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for first lady Melania Trump confirmed that Mrs. Trump does plan to keep up the vegetable garden that Michelle Obama planted at the White House. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Department of Agriculture is curbing some school lunch standards championed by the former first lady, while the Peace Corps will reportedly dismantle her Let Girls Learn initiative.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Former first lady Michelle Obama might find some of the latest actions by the Trump administration pretty difficult to stomach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday newly minted Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue announced a rollback of school lunch standards championed by the former first lady, declaring at a Virginia school that the administration would \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2017/05/01/ag-secretary-perdue-moves-make-school-meals-great-again\">Make School Meals Great Again\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/01/politics/trump-michelle-obama-girls-education/index.html?sr=twCNN050117trump-michelle-obama-girls-education0521PMVODtopLink&linkId=37069141\">CNN reported\u003c/a> that the Trump White House will not continue the Let Girls Learn program in its current form. The initiative aims to provide educational opportunities for young women in developing countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school nutrition standards have long been a source of controversy, making them a more likely target of the current administration. Reports about the Let Girls Learn program, which the Peace Corps oversees, are perhaps more surprising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email obtained by CNN, Peace Corps acting director Sheila Crowley said, \" 'Let Girls Learn' provided a platform to showcase Peace Corps' strength in community development, shining a bright light on the work of our Volunteers all over the world.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Crawley noted, \"moving forward, we will not continue to use the 'Let Girls Learn' brand or maintain a stand-alone program.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither the White House nor the Peace Corps responded to emails from NPR to verify the decision or to comment on it. But the Peace Corps told CNN that the agency would continue to \"to prioritize girls' education and empowerment programming.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former first lady \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/03/03/390500072/peace-corps-teams-up-with-first-lady-to-let-girls-learn\">launched\u003c/a> the Let Girls Learn initiative in 2015, saying that it would tailor an approach to the problem girls face in many developing countries, including being forced into child marriages and not having appropriate bathrooms for girls who may seek to attend schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have told me that whatever obstacles these girls face — whether it's school fees, or violence or cultural beliefs that girls simply aren't worthy of an education — you've said that these problems will not be fixed from on high,\" Obama told activists who pushed for the approach. \"That these are community challenges that call for community solutions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first lady made the initiative a priority of her husband's final years in office, traveling in 2016 to Liberia and Morocco with her daughters, Malia and Sasha, and actresses Meryl Streep and Freida Pinto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Promoting healthy eating and combating childhood obesity were also top priorities for Michelle Obama. Curbing the requirements that Obama pushed for, Agriculture Secretary Perdue argued on Monday that the standards led to children simply not eating the lunches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This announcement is the result of years of feedback from students, schools, and food service experts about the challenges they are facing in meeting the final regulations for school meals,\" Perdue said in a statement. \"If kids aren't eating the food, and it's ending up in the trash, they aren't getting any nutrition — thus undermining the intent of the program.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR's Allison Aubrey reports that the School Nutrition Association, which represents school food administrators, has been pushing for the changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The affected standards involve whole grain requirements, sodium content and milk options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA will now let states grant exemptions regarding whole grain standards for the 2017-2018 school year if they're having trouble meeting the requirements, and the agency said it will \"take all necessary regulatory actions to implement a long-term solution.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sodium reductions set in place by the Obama administration will be postponed for at least three years to \"provide schools and the school nutrition industry with the certainty and predictability they need to make appropriate plans for creating foods with the appropriate amount of sodium.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Milk requirements would also loosen, allowing schools to serve 1 percent flavored milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fight over school lunches has lasted years. Even after the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 took effect, Michelle Obama continued to have to defend its importance, as NPR's Tamara Keith \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/05/27/316457427/first-lady-fights-to-keep-healthy-school-lunch-law-intact\">reported in 2014\u003c/a>. In 2016 the Senate settled on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/01/20/463618556/food-fight-fizzles-as-senate-nears-compromise-on-school-nutrition-rules\">a compromise\u003c/a> that would keep most of the new standards in place, including requiring to schools to serve more fruits and vegetables along with the planned reductions in sodium and increase in whole grains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for first lady Melania Trump confirmed that Mrs. Trump does plan to keep up the vegetable garden that Michelle Obama planted at the White House. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
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