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"content": "\u003cp>[aside postID='bayareabites_135485' label='More East Bay Food News']\u003cbr>\nAfter 14 years in a sunlit corner of Old Oakland, \u003ca href=\"http://www.tamarindoantojeria.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tamarindo Antojeria\u003c/a> is closing its doors at the end of next month. Chef Gloria Dominguez, who owns the restaurant with her son Alfonso Dominguez, has been serving up antojitos and larger plates from across Mexico’s diverse culinary regions since 2005. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/tamarindo468/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">On the Instagram post\u003c/a> announcing their closing, fans of the family-run restaurant recalled the meals and celebrations they’ve had at Tamarindo over the years shouting out their favorites from the eatery’s menus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/B5EsxeshkJm/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the phone on Wednesday afternoon, Alfonso tells me that his family has mulled over this decision for the past year knowing their lease would be up at the end of 2019. “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">15 years is a big chunk of time to do whatever you're doing,” Dominguez says.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> In Oakland, where real estate prices have skyrocketed over the past decade, it’s a common sight to see restaurant closures coincide with lease terms. \u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Alfonso Dominguez']'For years, my Michael Bauer was the abuelita. I didn't care about any food critics at all because our success was seeing a grandma or seeing two generations sit down and eating.'[/pullquote]\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2005, Tamarindo was one of the few restaurants that warmed up the Oakland restaurant scene along with \u003ca href=\"http://lukasoakland.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Luka’s Taproom\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.pizzaiolooakland.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pizzaiolo\u003c/a> both of which opened around the same time. “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was a risk,” Dominguez says. “No one believed in Oakland at that time. No one. Especially downtown.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beyond that risk, there was also his mother’s vision to serve authentic dishes from all over Mexico plated as small bites, an uncommon proposition for diners back then. “At that time, [no] one knew what mezcal was. No one knew what a lot of the dishes were,” he recalls. “No one even knew what antojeria meant. We were probably one of the first to introduce that word [here].\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135622\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-135622\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo1-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Chef Gloria Dominguez and her son Alfonso Dominguez.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo1-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo1-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo1-1200x801.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chef Gloria Dominguez and her son Alfonso Dominguez. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alfonso Dominguez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But Gloria, a self-taught chef, continued to serve up Cochinita Pibil, a Yucatan speciality, and mulitas just like they’re made in Tijuana. “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What we kept true is the true recipes from Mexico. It wasn't a take of a classically trained chef doing Mexican food. It wasn't California food.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“For years, my Michael Bauer was the abuelita. I didn't care about any food critics at all because our success was seeing a grandma or seeing two generations sit down and eating.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the course of their run, Dominguez says the margins for running a restaurant have gotten very small. “I have no more margins,” he says frankly. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beyond that, he describes the work as taxing not just financially but morally. “I should be paying 30 dollars an hour for people who do tamale work and I can't do it because it's economically impossible. For them to have to work three or four jobs, it's taxing on one's morals.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135624\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3.jpg\" alt=\"A spread at Oakland's Tamarindo Antojeria which is set to close at the end of the year.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135624\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A spread at Oakland's Tamarindo Antojeria which is set to close at the end of the year. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alfonso Dominguez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With the last day of service coming up on November 30, Tamarindo will close out the year with mezcal tastings and parties serving up less common tacos and other foods that their diners have finally caught up to. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We're going to be doing events all of December and have fun and use the space other than service. We might even do a quinceanera because we're 15,” says Dominguez.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“For years, my Michael Bauer was the abuelita. I didn't care about any food critics at all because our success was seeing a grandma or seeing two generations sit down and eating.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the course of their run, Dominguez says the margins for running a restaurant have gotten very small. “I have no more margins,” he says frankly. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beyond that, he describes the work as taxing not just financially but morally. “I should be paying 30 dollars an hour for people who do tamale work and I can't do it because it's economically impossible. For them to have to work three or four jobs, it's taxing on one's morals.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135624\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3.jpg\" alt=\"A spread at Oakland's Tamarindo Antojeria which is set to close at the end of the year.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135624\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/tamarindo3-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A spread at Oakland's Tamarindo Antojeria which is set to close at the end of the year. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alfonso Dominguez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With the last day of service coming up on November 30, Tamarindo will close out the year with mezcal tastings and parties serving up less common tacos and other foods that their diners have finally caught up to. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We're going to be doing events all of December and have fun and use the space other than service. We might even do a quinceanera because we're 15,” says Dominguez.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "At the Bayview Bistro, Local Food Entrepreneurs Nourish Community Resilience",
"title": "At the Bayview Bistro, Local Food Entrepreneurs Nourish Community Resilience",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> [aside postID='bayareabites_133959,arts_13836809' label='More on Food Entrepreneurs and Community Resilience']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you walk near Bayview’s 3rd Street corridor around lunchtime, you’ll catch whiffs of barbeque before noticing the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bayviewbistrosf.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bayview Bistro\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. You’ll see Harold “Big H” Agee, the owner of Big H Barbeque, greeting almost everyone walking by, offering hugs and an infectious smile. His daughter and granddaughter are by his side, taking orders and assembling plates. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A lifelong Bayview resident, Agee has been sharing his love for barbeque through pop-ups and catering gigs for the past few decades but never occupied a regular space. That changed when Agee became one of the inaugural vendors at the Bayview Bistro, a new food hub for entrepreneurs with deep ties to the neighborhood. Since July, Agee has been at the corner of 3rd Street and Hudson Avenue three days a week with\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/soul__bowlz/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Soul Bowlz\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/yespudding/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yes Pudding\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135600\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-135600\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Harold Agee, owner of Big H Barbeque, preparing for the lunch rush.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Harold Agee, owner of Big H Barbeque, preparing for the lunch rush. \u003ccite>(Olivia Won/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before the Bistro, the privately-owned lot had been left vacant for the past decade. With the help of community demand, funding from San Francisco Public Utilities Commission’s contractors and The Mayor’s Office of Economic and Workforce Development and management by Andrea Baker Consulting, the lot was transformed into a gathering space in July 2019. With a colorful mural, picnic benches, and plenty of space to come together over food, the Bayview Bistro offers local Bayview food entrepreneurs a platform for growing their businesses. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What makes the Bistro unique? Not just anyone can become a vendor. You have to be connected to the Bayview district, either by living, owning a kitchen, utilizing a commercial space, possessing a cottage food license or maintaining a brick and mortar presence in the neighborhood. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The place-based approach to selecting vendors intends “to make sure the local community that has been here for generations gets some of the first opportunities in the economic activity coming into Bayview,” says Tracy Zhu, the Social Impact Partnership Manager with the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135602\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-135602\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A colorful mural invites customers at the Bayview Bistro.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A colorful mural invites customers at the Bayview Bistro. \u003ccite>(Olivia Won/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alexis Woods, the current Bayview Bistro Hub Manager, is a lifelong Bayview resident and the former manager at Isla Vida, the beloved Afro-Caribbean restaurant in the Fillmore \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/article/Isla-Vida-closes-in-San-Francisco-s-Fillmore-14282540.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">that recently closed \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">after a year of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/restaurants/article/In-the-midst-of-rough-economic-waters-Isla-Vida-13709311.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">rave reviews\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. As a new, black-owned business in a gentrifying, historically-black Fillmore district, Isla Vida’s closure cut deep, especially for Woods, who had poured her heart and soul into building a community there. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bayview-Hunters Point has long struggled with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sfmohcd.org/sites/default/files/FileCenter/Documents/911-BayviewHuntersPoint.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">economic disenfranchisement\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwater.org/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=10879\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">harmful environmental conditions\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Now, the tide of gentrification is rising, bringing \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/article/San-Francisco-s-oldest-black-owned-bar-Sam-14544883.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">closures of black-owned businesses\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and skyrocketing property values. For Woods, this is exactly why the Bayview Bistro matters: “Finally, there’s somewhere they haven’t taken over yet. We now have somewhere we can sit and we can be a community. That means something because that’s what it used to be.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Still, the Bistro’s main goal isn’t to create a permanent space; the lot is slated for a mixed-use development project in a few years. Rather, Zhu says, it’s to find a way “to support growing small businesses to become sustainable in the long run.” This involves tailored technical help, which can “include menu creation and pricing, assistance registering as a city-approved vendor, and development of a marketing plan.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135601\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-135601 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--800x428.jpg\" alt=\"Customers gathering at the Bayview Bistro. \" width=\"800\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--800x428.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--160x86.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--768x411.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--1020x546.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--1200x643.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Customers gathering at the Bayview Bistro. \u003ccite>(Olivia Won/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And the growth is visible. As Agee’s customer base has grown via word of mouth among barbeque fanatics on social media, so too have his operations. He’s gone from being cash-only to adopting a POS system and frequent eater punch cards. “To be able to shift from an informal vendor to the owner of a registered business [is] a huge deal in raising vendor’s profiles and putting them in different professional realms,” Zhu comments. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As the vendors phase out of the Bistro, their next steps will vary based on the specific needs of their businesses. Nima Romney of Soul Foodz will start appearing at SoMA StrEAT Food Park and plans on building a website for her catering business. Quanisha Johnson of Yes Pudding is stepping back from regular sales to focus on her business strategy with the goal of selling at farmers markets before opening a brick and mortar. Agee plans on building up his catering menu and continuing event pop-ups. Eventually, he hopes to acquire a barbeque trailer so he can take his cooking to hotspots around town, like the newly constructed Chase Center.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/B3ur7yPBRQV/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As with most projects, there have been bumps along the way, including communication issues between stakeholders and a need for more foot traffic. But even with the challenges of building something from the ground up, Woods believes in it deeply. “It’s remarkable to be a part of the Bistro. No matter if it’s here for a year or if it’s here for five years,” she says. “Bayview is everything to me. My roots are in Bayview. I mean, who wouldn’t want to work right down the street from where they were born?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maybe that’s what makes the Bayview Bistro unique. It’s private-public partnership that believes in the power of food to strengthen community in a more radical way than any other food park in the Bay Area. It’s about people with connections to the neighborhood using food entrepreneurship to cement their rightful place in a rapidly changing Bayview, trying to come out of the transition better than ever. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Harold Agee reflects, “To be starting my business in my community has been a beautiful thing. I just want to stick around and be a part of the change.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>About the New Vendors: \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://yosoyceviche.com/\">\u003cb>Yo Soy Ceviche\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Founded in 2018 by owner Nory Michelle, the concept of the Yo Soy Ceviche brand is traditional Peruvian recipes with a fusion twist.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theveganhoodchefs.com/\">\u003cb>The Vegan Hood Chefs\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Ronnishia Johnson and Rheema Calloway are The Vegan Hood Chefs. They specialize in turning soul food and American style favorites into delicious vegan meals.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rome's Kitchen\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Roman Rodgers grew up in the Bayview and started his business this year. Rome’s Kitchen specializes in Italian style soul food.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/bbqstop/\">Ron's Pit Stop BBQ \u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Ron Cain, resident of the Bayview, is the owner of Ron’s Pit Stop BBQ. He utilizes a food truck from Hunters Point’s Eclectic Cookery, San Francisco’s first and largest commercial kitchen.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/tacos-rodriguez-san-francisco\">Tacos Rodriguez\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Gerardo Rodriguez is the owner of Tacos Rodriguez and resident of Bayview Hunters Point. He specializes in Mexican food including tacos, burritos, and quesadillas.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bigh_bbq_pop_up/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Big H Barbeque\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> will stay at the Bistro for Phase 2. For up-to-date information about where to find \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/soul__bowlz/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Soul Bowlz\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/yespudding/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yes Pudding\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, consult their social media pages.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bayviewbistrosf.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bayview Bistro\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/maps/5Tt3AyZQ7y8k6C5A7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">4101 3rd Street\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco, CA 94124\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Every Thursday, Friday, and Saturday from 11 a.m. – 4 p.m.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cbr>\n\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For the most up-to-date schedule information, visit the Bayview Bistro \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bayviewbistrosf.com/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">website\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you walk near Bayview’s 3rd Street corridor around lunchtime, you’ll catch whiffs of barbeque before noticing the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bayviewbistrosf.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bayview Bistro\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. You’ll see Harold “Big H” Agee, the owner of Big H Barbeque, greeting almost everyone walking by, offering hugs and an infectious smile. His daughter and granddaughter are by his side, taking orders and assembling plates. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A lifelong Bayview resident, Agee has been sharing his love for barbeque through pop-ups and catering gigs for the past few decades but never occupied a regular space. That changed when Agee became one of the inaugural vendors at the Bayview Bistro, a new food hub for entrepreneurs with deep ties to the neighborhood. Since July, Agee has been at the corner of 3rd Street and Hudson Avenue three days a week with\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/soul__bowlz/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Soul Bowlz\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/yespudding/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yes Pudding\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135600\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-135600\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Harold Agee, owner of Big H Barbeque, preparing for the lunch rush.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/harold-agee-2-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Harold Agee, owner of Big H Barbeque, preparing for the lunch rush. \u003ccite>(Olivia Won/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before the Bistro, the privately-owned lot had been left vacant for the past decade. With the help of community demand, funding from San Francisco Public Utilities Commission’s contractors and The Mayor’s Office of Economic and Workforce Development and management by Andrea Baker Consulting, the lot was transformed into a gathering space in July 2019. With a colorful mural, picnic benches, and plenty of space to come together over food, the Bayview Bistro offers local Bayview food entrepreneurs a platform for growing their businesses. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What makes the Bistro unique? Not just anyone can become a vendor. You have to be connected to the Bayview district, either by living, owning a kitchen, utilizing a commercial space, possessing a cottage food license or maintaining a brick and mortar presence in the neighborhood. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The place-based approach to selecting vendors intends “to make sure the local community that has been here for generations gets some of the first opportunities in the economic activity coming into Bayview,” says Tracy Zhu, the Social Impact Partnership Manager with the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135602\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-135602\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A colorful mural invites customers at the Bayview Bistro.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/mural-3-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A colorful mural invites customers at the Bayview Bistro. \u003ccite>(Olivia Won/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alexis Woods, the current Bayview Bistro Hub Manager, is a lifelong Bayview resident and the former manager at Isla Vida, the beloved Afro-Caribbean restaurant in the Fillmore \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/article/Isla-Vida-closes-in-San-Francisco-s-Fillmore-14282540.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">that recently closed \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">after a year of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/restaurants/article/In-the-midst-of-rough-economic-waters-Isla-Vida-13709311.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">rave reviews\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. As a new, black-owned business in a gentrifying, historically-black Fillmore district, Isla Vida’s closure cut deep, especially for Woods, who had poured her heart and soul into building a community there. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bayview-Hunters Point has long struggled with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sfmohcd.org/sites/default/files/FileCenter/Documents/911-BayviewHuntersPoint.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">economic disenfranchisement\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwater.org/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=10879\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">harmful environmental conditions\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Now, the tide of gentrification is rising, bringing \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/article/San-Francisco-s-oldest-black-owned-bar-Sam-14544883.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">closures of black-owned businesses\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and skyrocketing property values. For Woods, this is exactly why the Bayview Bistro matters: “Finally, there’s somewhere they haven’t taken over yet. We now have somewhere we can sit and we can be a community. That means something because that’s what it used to be.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Still, the Bistro’s main goal isn’t to create a permanent space; the lot is slated for a mixed-use development project in a few years. Rather, Zhu says, it’s to find a way “to support growing small businesses to become sustainable in the long run.” This involves tailored technical help, which can “include menu creation and pricing, assistance registering as a city-approved vendor, and development of a marketing plan.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135601\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-135601 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--800x428.jpg\" alt=\"Customers gathering at the Bayview Bistro. \" width=\"800\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--800x428.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--160x86.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--768x411.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--1020x546.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/11/bistro-2--1200x643.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Customers gathering at the Bayview Bistro. \u003ccite>(Olivia Won/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And the growth is visible. As Agee’s customer base has grown via word of mouth among barbeque fanatics on social media, so too have his operations. He’s gone from being cash-only to adopting a POS system and frequent eater punch cards. “To be able to shift from an informal vendor to the owner of a registered business [is] a huge deal in raising vendor’s profiles and putting them in different professional realms,” Zhu comments. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As the vendors phase out of the Bistro, their next steps will vary based on the specific needs of their businesses. Nima Romney of Soul Foodz will start appearing at SoMA StrEAT Food Park and plans on building a website for her catering business. Quanisha Johnson of Yes Pudding is stepping back from regular sales to focus on her business strategy with the goal of selling at farmers markets before opening a brick and mortar. Agee plans on building up his catering menu and continuing event pop-ups. Eventually, he hopes to acquire a barbeque trailer so he can take his cooking to hotspots around town, like the newly constructed Chase Center.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As with most projects, there have been bumps along the way, including communication issues between stakeholders and a need for more foot traffic. But even with the challenges of building something from the ground up, Woods believes in it deeply. “It’s remarkable to be a part of the Bistro. No matter if it’s here for a year or if it’s here for five years,” she says. “Bayview is everything to me. My roots are in Bayview. I mean, who wouldn’t want to work right down the street from where they were born?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maybe that’s what makes the Bayview Bistro unique. It’s private-public partnership that believes in the power of food to strengthen community in a more radical way than any other food park in the Bay Area. It’s about people with connections to the neighborhood using food entrepreneurship to cement their rightful place in a rapidly changing Bayview, trying to come out of the transition better than ever. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Harold Agee reflects, “To be starting my business in my community has been a beautiful thing. I just want to stick around and be a part of the change.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>About the New Vendors: \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://yosoyceviche.com/\">\u003cb>Yo Soy Ceviche\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Founded in 2018 by owner Nory Michelle, the concept of the Yo Soy Ceviche brand is traditional Peruvian recipes with a fusion twist.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theveganhoodchefs.com/\">\u003cb>The Vegan Hood Chefs\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Ronnishia Johnson and Rheema Calloway are The Vegan Hood Chefs. They specialize in turning soul food and American style favorites into delicious vegan meals.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rome's Kitchen\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Roman Rodgers grew up in the Bayview and started his business this year. Rome’s Kitchen specializes in Italian style soul food.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/bbqstop/\">Ron's Pit Stop BBQ \u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Ron Cain, resident of the Bayview, is the owner of Ron’s Pit Stop BBQ. He utilizes a food truck from Hunters Point’s Eclectic Cookery, San Francisco’s first and largest commercial kitchen.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/tacos-rodriguez-san-francisco\">Tacos Rodriguez\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Gerardo Rodriguez is the owner of Tacos Rodriguez and resident of Bayview Hunters Point. He specializes in Mexican food including tacos, burritos, and quesadillas.”\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bigh_bbq_pop_up/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Big H Barbeque\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> will stay at the Bistro for Phase 2. For up-to-date information about where to find \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/soul__bowlz/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Soul Bowlz\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/yespudding/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yes Pudding\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, consult their social media pages.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bayviewbistrosf.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bayview Bistro\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/maps/5Tt3AyZQ7y8k6C5A7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">4101 3rd Street\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco, CA 94124\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Every Thursday, Friday, and Saturday from 11 a.m. – 4 p.m.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cbr>\n\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For the most up-to-date schedule information, visit the Bayview Bistro \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bayviewbistrosf.com/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">website\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Andrew Zimmern, Tanya Holland and More Gather to Discuss Change in the Culinary Industry",
"title": "Andrew Zimmern, Tanya Holland and More Gather to Discuss Change in the Culinary Industry",
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"content": "\u003cp>[aside postID='bayareabites_132814,bayareabites_125020' target=_blank label='More on Brown Sugar Kitchen']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Food is power.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was how Maryam Ahmed, the Culinary Institute of America’s Director of Public Programs, opened “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ciaatcopia.com/conversations-at-copia/\">Conversations at Copia\u003c/a>,” the live talk series hosted by James Beard Award winner \u003ca href=\"https://andrewzimmern.com/\">Andrew Zimmern\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Held at downtown Napa’s Culinary Institute of America (CIA) at Copia, September 7th’s discussion entitled “Culture & Cuisine” included panelists Rick Bayless of \u003ca href=\"https://www.rickbayless.com/restaurants/frontera-grill/\">Frontera Grill\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.brownsugarkitchen.com/\">Brown Sugar Kitchen\u003c/a>’s Tayna Holland, \u003ca href=\"https://lacocinasf.org/\">La Cocina\u003c/a>'s program manager Emiliana Puyana, and “The Cooking Gene” author \u003ca href=\"https://afroculinaria.com/\">Michael Twitty\u003c/a>. Over roughly 90 minutes, each esteemed food expert attempted to answer the question “What does it mean to be authentic and who gets to cook what?” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About halfway through, Zimmern repeated those opening words. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Food is power. And history tells us that those who have that power want to keep it.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134842\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston.jpg\" alt='\"Conversations at Copia\" panelists (left to right) Tanya Holland, Rick Bayless, Michael Twitty, and Emiliana Puyana with host Andrew Zimmern (center).' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134842\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"Conversations at Copia\" panelists (left to right) Tanya Holland, Rick Bayless, Michael Twitty, and Emiliana Puyana with host Andrew Zimmern (center). \u003ccite>(Emily Johnston)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>White males, no surprise there, have predominantly held that power—specifically the white males cooking French and Italian cuisine. The cuisine that’s the most revered, the “most respected, elevated of cuisines,” as Holland put it. “You’re thought of as an expert if you can cook those cuisines.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t take much to look back at America’s culinary history and see that people of color were predominantly the ones in the kitchen. If one looked even a bit further, those people were revered for their unique cooking styles just as much as the white men cooking French and Italian are today.\u003cbr>\n[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation='Andrew Zimmern']'Food is power. And history tells us that those who have that power want to keep it.'[/pullquote]\u003cbr>\n“People, going back hundreds of years, have always created a mythology around who is cooking our food,” said Zimmern. “But for the vast majority of restaurants in this nation, the food we consume is done by people of color. A lot of that is based on maintaining the current power structure.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chefs on CIA’s stage built their culinary careers by cooking a cuisine that doesn’t tell the same story as everyone else. Their journey hasn’t been pretty; there’s been no “baton being passed,” as Holland put it, to lead them to culinary glory. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel.jpg\" alt='Andrew Zimmern moderated the first live talk series \"Conversations at Copia\" on September 7, 2019.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134845\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew Zimmern moderated the first live talk series \"Conversations at Copia\" on September 7, 2019. \u003ccite>(Emily Johnston)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I had not seen a lot of people who looked like me cook the food I wanted, where the food, room, and service was elevated,” said Holland.\u003cbr>\n[aside postID='bayareabites_120369,bayareabites_94637' target=_blank label='More from Michael Twitty']\u003cbr>\nHolland has elevated the cuisine she knows and loves—specifically modern soul—but it hasn’t been easy. She made a home for her restaurant, Brown Sugar Kitchen, in Oakland in part because it was the only neighborhood where landlords would rent to her. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It didn’t matter that she had 20 years of experience, she explained to the packed crowd; it only seemed to matter that she didn’t have restaurant experience—or that’s what she was told. Today, Holland still isn’t where she wants to be but she strives to get there so that the next generation can look to her for guidance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Holland, Twitty has an uphill battle ahead to reach, what he says, his goal to become the “first black colonial antebellum masterchef since slavery.” Why? A black child born in America won’t have “the same resources passed down to [them as white people]. And even if you do come from money, your dollar is not worth that of a white man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In “\u003ca href=\"https://www.eater.com/young-guns-rising-stars/2019/7/11/20688135/american-culinary-schools-problem-french-curriculum\">The (Mis)education of America’s culinary schools\u003c/a>,” writer Korsha Wilson asks why culinary schools like the CIA aren’t spending more time diving into regional cuisines like they do the traditional ones. “If you think about what it takes to make a mole sauce, or what it takes to make gumbo, it’s still the same level of time commitment and technique and expertise [as French and Italian cuisine], so why isn’t it valued in the same way?” asked Holland.\u003cbr>\n[aside tag='la-cocina' label='More About La Cocina' num='2' target=_blank align='left']\u003cbr>\nOutside of the kitchen, equilibrium in the food world can only happen when our society stops assigning a certain price tag or level of service with only one type of cuisine but not another. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Food is unfairly priced in America,” adds Zimmern. “and it’s designed to maintain an underclass.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elevated cuisine can’t just have a decorated or celebrated chef cooking it; the diner also needs to accept the lengthy food journey attached with each pretty plate. “For a strawberry to end up on your plate, it’s passed through many hands,” Puyana reminded everyone. “We need to accept the fact that food needs to cost more. And when we’re paying more for a pretty plate, we aren’t just paying for the design but paying for the labor that brought it to you.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134844\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless.jpg\" alt=\"Andrew Zimmern listens on as Rick Bayless answers a question from the crowd.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134844\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew Zimmern listens on as Rick Bayless answers a question from the crowd. \u003ccite>(Emily Johnston)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Food is powerful, yes. But it’s only as powerful as the diners, cooking community, food media, and chefs deems worthy. Part of this series isn’t just about spotlighting the work needed to find harmony within the kitchen, but also educating guests about the inequality in today’s food history. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once diners accept that all cuisine is worthy of elevating, food equilibrium will come. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>--- \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ciaatcopia.com/conversations-at-copia/\">Conversations at Copia\u003c/a>” will be held on October 26 featuring Daniel Giusti of Brigaid, Matt Jozwiak from Rethink Food NYC, and Michel Nischan from Wholesome Wave. The final event in the series will be on December 7 around the topic “Setting the Equity Table.” \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Food is power.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was how Maryam Ahmed, the Culinary Institute of America’s Director of Public Programs, opened “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ciaatcopia.com/conversations-at-copia/\">Conversations at Copia\u003c/a>,” the live talk series hosted by James Beard Award winner \u003ca href=\"https://andrewzimmern.com/\">Andrew Zimmern\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Held at downtown Napa’s Culinary Institute of America (CIA) at Copia, September 7th’s discussion entitled “Culture & Cuisine” included panelists Rick Bayless of \u003ca href=\"https://www.rickbayless.com/restaurants/frontera-grill/\">Frontera Grill\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.brownsugarkitchen.com/\">Brown Sugar Kitchen\u003c/a>’s Tayna Holland, \u003ca href=\"https://lacocinasf.org/\">La Cocina\u003c/a>'s program manager Emiliana Puyana, and “The Cooking Gene” author \u003ca href=\"https://afroculinaria.com/\">Michael Twitty\u003c/a>. Over roughly 90 minutes, each esteemed food expert attempted to answer the question “What does it mean to be authentic and who gets to cook what?” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About halfway through, Zimmern repeated those opening words. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Food is power. And history tells us that those who have that power want to keep it.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134842\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston.jpg\" alt='\"Conversations at Copia\" panelists (left to right) Tanya Holland, Rick Bayless, Michael Twitty, and Emiliana Puyana with host Andrew Zimmern (center).' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134842\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/22Conversations-at-Copia22-panelists_Emily-Johnston-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"Conversations at Copia\" panelists (left to right) Tanya Holland, Rick Bayless, Michael Twitty, and Emiliana Puyana with host Andrew Zimmern (center). \u003ccite>(Emily Johnston)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>White males, no surprise there, have predominantly held that power—specifically the white males cooking French and Italian cuisine. The cuisine that’s the most revered, the “most respected, elevated of cuisines,” as Holland put it. “You’re thought of as an expert if you can cook those cuisines.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t take much to look back at America’s culinary history and see that people of color were predominantly the ones in the kitchen. If one looked even a bit further, those people were revered for their unique cooking styles just as much as the white men cooking French and Italian are today.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“People, going back hundreds of years, have always created a mythology around who is cooking our food,” said Zimmern. “But for the vast majority of restaurants in this nation, the food we consume is done by people of color. A lot of that is based on maintaining the current power structure.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chefs on CIA’s stage built their culinary careers by cooking a cuisine that doesn’t tell the same story as everyone else. Their journey hasn’t been pretty; there’s been no “baton being passed,” as Holland put it, to lead them to culinary glory. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel.jpg\" alt='Andrew Zimmern moderated the first live talk series \"Conversations at Copia\" on September 7, 2019.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134845\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/conversations-at-copia-panel-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew Zimmern moderated the first live talk series \"Conversations at Copia\" on September 7, 2019. \u003ccite>(Emily Johnston)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I had not seen a lot of people who looked like me cook the food I wanted, where the food, room, and service was elevated,” said Holland.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nHolland has elevated the cuisine she knows and loves—specifically modern soul—but it hasn’t been easy. She made a home for her restaurant, Brown Sugar Kitchen, in Oakland in part because it was the only neighborhood where landlords would rent to her. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It didn’t matter that she had 20 years of experience, she explained to the packed crowd; it only seemed to matter that she didn’t have restaurant experience—or that’s what she was told. Today, Holland still isn’t where she wants to be but she strives to get there so that the next generation can look to her for guidance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Holland, Twitty has an uphill battle ahead to reach, what he says, his goal to become the “first black colonial antebellum masterchef since slavery.” Why? A black child born in America won’t have “the same resources passed down to [them as white people]. And even if you do come from money, your dollar is not worth that of a white man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In “\u003ca href=\"https://www.eater.com/young-guns-rising-stars/2019/7/11/20688135/american-culinary-schools-problem-french-curriculum\">The (Mis)education of America’s culinary schools\u003c/a>,” writer Korsha Wilson asks why culinary schools like the CIA aren’t spending more time diving into regional cuisines like they do the traditional ones. “If you think about what it takes to make a mole sauce, or what it takes to make gumbo, it’s still the same level of time commitment and technique and expertise [as French and Italian cuisine], so why isn’t it valued in the same way?” asked Holland.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nOutside of the kitchen, equilibrium in the food world can only happen when our society stops assigning a certain price tag or level of service with only one type of cuisine but not another. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Food is unfairly priced in America,” adds Zimmern. “and it’s designed to maintain an underclass.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elevated cuisine can’t just have a decorated or celebrated chef cooking it; the diner also needs to accept the lengthy food journey attached with each pretty plate. “For a strawberry to end up on your plate, it’s passed through many hands,” Puyana reminded everyone. “We need to accept the fact that food needs to cost more. And when we’re paying more for a pretty plate, we aren’t just paying for the design but paying for the labor that brought it to you.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134844\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless.jpg\" alt=\"Andrew Zimmern listens on as Rick Bayless answers a question from the crowd.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134844\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/Andrew-Zimmern_Rick-Bayless-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew Zimmern listens on as Rick Bayless answers a question from the crowd. \u003ccite>(Emily Johnston)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Food is powerful, yes. But it’s only as powerful as the diners, cooking community, food media, and chefs deems worthy. Part of this series isn’t just about spotlighting the work needed to find harmony within the kitchen, but also educating guests about the inequality in today’s food history. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once diners accept that all cuisine is worthy of elevating, food equilibrium will come. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>--- \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ciaatcopia.com/conversations-at-copia/\">Conversations at Copia\u003c/a>” will be held on October 26 featuring Daniel Giusti of Brigaid, Matt Jozwiak from Rethink Food NYC, and Michel Nischan from Wholesome Wave. The final event in the series will be on December 7 around the topic “Setting the Equity Table.” \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'You Cannot Hire American Here': Employers on Why They Hire Undocumented Workers",
"title": "'You Cannot Hire American Here': Employers on Why They Hire Undocumented Workers",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cp>[aside tag='ice' num='2' label='More on ICE']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lunch rush is over at a popular, cozy restaurant in a city somewhere in Missouri. The owner, Lynn, is sipping a glass of pinot grigio as her cooking crew cleans up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like thousands of other restaurants across America, Lynn's kitchen is staffed mainly with unauthorized Latino workers. She agreed to openly discuss this employment conundrum if NPR agreed not to give her last name, identify her restaurant, name the city, or even specify the type of cuisine. Like a lot of employers these days, she doesn't want to attract the attention of federal immigration agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked how many eating establishments have undocumented workers in the kitchen in her Midwestern city, Lynn states flatly: \"A hundred percent. You cannot hire American here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the country, immigrants who are in the country unlawfully often do manual, low-paying jobs, and employers say they have no choice but to rely on them. Meanwhile, the Trump administration has vowed to ramp up workplace raids targeting this shadow workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two weeks ago, Immigration and Customs Enforcement raided seven chicken processing plants in Mississippi. Agents rounded up 680 workers in one of the largest workplace enforcement actions in contemporary history. They were earning $11 to $12 an hour to dismember poultry — dangerous, brutal, repetitive labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The raids have resurrected an old debate: if not immigrants, then who will do the tough jobs in America?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooking chicken in Lynn's restaurant kitchen is not as hard as processing chickens in an agro-business plant, but nonetheless she says it's challenging finding workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's hard work,\" she says. \"You have to be able to stand on your feet all day. It's not a good paying job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pays dishwashers $11.50 an hour, $16 for cooks. That's more than the federal minimum wage, but they get no insurance, vacations or sick pay.\u003cbr>\n[aside postID='bayareabites_134383' align='left' label='About Those Chicken Processing Plants']\u003cbr>\nThe kitchen manager, Jaime, has been using a fake Social Security number since he came to the U.S. from Mexico 21 years ago. He says he paid an underground seller $60 for it and didn't ask any questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had to pay to get a Social,\" he says. \"We know [that] is illegal,\" he says, and added that \"we don't have that, we not gonna have jobs.\" Jaime also agreed to speak frankly if his surname was not used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jaime stands in the kitchen wearing a black chef's uniform and an Adidas ball cap. His wife, also a cook, scrapes a pan next to him. He says every immigrant he knows is constantly fearful of ICE, and he spoke with NPR weeks before the high-profile chicken plant roundups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We just need [to be] careful about everything. If we do something not correctly, we're gonna have troubles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn maintains that Jaime and the rest of the staff, all of whom come from Central Mexico, are key to her restaurant's success. She says they're dependable, loyal and incredibly hard working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You cannot hire an American here that will show up to work. They will not be committed to their job. In America,\" she says, \"restaurant work is not a serious profession.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, who signed the \"Buy American and Hire American\" executive order that led to a crackdown on visa fraud, frequently argues that unauthorized immigrants take jobs away from U.S. workers. By that logic, Jaime is taking a job away from a citizen who wants it, to which Lynn responds with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is the biggest joke. I hear it all the time. We put ads on Craigslist, Facebook, in the window, in the newspaper,\" she says. \"The people that come in and apply to take our jobs will show up for one shift. They will not be clean. They will not probably be sober. They will ask for their money at the end of the shift and then they will not be back for the second shift.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/hispanic/2016/11/03/size-of-u-s-unauthorized-immigrant-workforce-stable-after-the-great-recession/\">The Pew Research Center estimates\u003c/a> there are 7.5 million unauthorized workers in the United States concentrated in agriculture, construction and the hospitality industry. In 2014, about 1.1 million, or 10%, of restaurant workers were unauthorized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would they choose another line of work if they had green cards and work authorization?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I like to cook and I like to work,\" says Jaime. Pressed about whether he would work somewhere else if he were a lawful permanent resident, Jaime says, \"I would like to do something else, I don't know, something different.\" He doesn't say what work he might choose if he had papers, and the fact is there's no path to citizenship for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE typically targets large employers with hundreds of unauthorized workers for its splashy enforcement actions. In the hypothetical, what would happen to Lynn's restaurant if every unauthorized worker in her city were deported tomorrow?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(The prospect of undocumented labor disappearing overnight has been spoofed in \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYJcfhxMkrQ\">the 2004 cult movie\u003c/a>, \u003cem>A Day Without A Mexican.\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'd close,\" she says matter-of-factly. \"I'd sell everything for whatever we could get for it and we would close. Because there's not enough talented people who really do know how to cook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But administration hard-liners say the law is the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whether you're talking about a chicken plant with 200-plus illegal workers or a little restaurant that has half a dozen illegal workers, the issue's the same,\" says Mark Krikorian, executive director of the Center for Immigration Studies, a Washington, D.C., think tank that favors lower immigration. Krikorian insists there are U.S. citizens who will take these unattractive jobs, and he cheers on Trump's ICE raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And if that means a little restaurant somewhere ends up closing, that's unfortunate. I wish that on no one. But restaurants close every day,\" Krikorian says. \"And if the labor market is tighter, what that means is restaurants that do come up with a way of recruiting and retaining legal workers will have a competitive advantage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In light of the Mississippi raids, Lynn says she's not really afraid of immigration agents targeting her tiny restaurant kitchen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What I am worried about,\" she adds, \"is the cost of chicken going up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/08/21/752336132/employers-struggle-with-hiring-undocumented-workers-you-cannot-hire-american-her\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Unauthorized immigrants often do manual, low-paying jobs, and employers say they have no choice but to hire them. But the White House and advocates for lower immigration say the law is the law.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lunch rush is over at a popular, cozy restaurant in a city somewhere in Missouri. The owner, Lynn, is sipping a glass of pinot grigio as her cooking crew cleans up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like thousands of other restaurants across America, Lynn's kitchen is staffed mainly with unauthorized Latino workers. She agreed to openly discuss this employment conundrum if NPR agreed not to give her last name, identify her restaurant, name the city, or even specify the type of cuisine. Like a lot of employers these days, she doesn't want to attract the attention of federal immigration agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked how many eating establishments have undocumented workers in the kitchen in her Midwestern city, Lynn states flatly: \"A hundred percent. You cannot hire American here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the country, immigrants who are in the country unlawfully often do manual, low-paying jobs, and employers say they have no choice but to rely on them. Meanwhile, the Trump administration has vowed to ramp up workplace raids targeting this shadow workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two weeks ago, Immigration and Customs Enforcement raided seven chicken processing plants in Mississippi. Agents rounded up 680 workers in one of the largest workplace enforcement actions in contemporary history. They were earning $11 to $12 an hour to dismember poultry — dangerous, brutal, repetitive labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The raids have resurrected an old debate: if not immigrants, then who will do the tough jobs in America?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooking chicken in Lynn's restaurant kitchen is not as hard as processing chickens in an agro-business plant, but nonetheless she says it's challenging finding workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's hard work,\" she says. \"You have to be able to stand on your feet all day. It's not a good paying job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pays dishwashers $11.50 an hour, $16 for cooks. That's more than the federal minimum wage, but they get no insurance, vacations or sick pay.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nThe kitchen manager, Jaime, has been using a fake Social Security number since he came to the U.S. from Mexico 21 years ago. He says he paid an underground seller $60 for it and didn't ask any questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had to pay to get a Social,\" he says. \"We know [that] is illegal,\" he says, and added that \"we don't have that, we not gonna have jobs.\" Jaime also agreed to speak frankly if his surname was not used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jaime stands in the kitchen wearing a black chef's uniform and an Adidas ball cap. His wife, also a cook, scrapes a pan next to him. He says every immigrant he knows is constantly fearful of ICE, and he spoke with NPR weeks before the high-profile chicken plant roundups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We just need [to be] careful about everything. If we do something not correctly, we're gonna have troubles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynn maintains that Jaime and the rest of the staff, all of whom come from Central Mexico, are key to her restaurant's success. She says they're dependable, loyal and incredibly hard working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You cannot hire an American here that will show up to work. They will not be committed to their job. In America,\" she says, \"restaurant work is not a serious profession.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, who signed the \"Buy American and Hire American\" executive order that led to a crackdown on visa fraud, frequently argues that unauthorized immigrants take jobs away from U.S. workers. By that logic, Jaime is taking a job away from a citizen who wants it, to which Lynn responds with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is the biggest joke. I hear it all the time. We put ads on Craigslist, Facebook, in the window, in the newspaper,\" she says. \"The people that come in and apply to take our jobs will show up for one shift. They will not be clean. They will not probably be sober. They will ask for their money at the end of the shift and then they will not be back for the second shift.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/hispanic/2016/11/03/size-of-u-s-unauthorized-immigrant-workforce-stable-after-the-great-recession/\">The Pew Research Center estimates\u003c/a> there are 7.5 million unauthorized workers in the United States concentrated in agriculture, construction and the hospitality industry. In 2014, about 1.1 million, or 10%, of restaurant workers were unauthorized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would they choose another line of work if they had green cards and work authorization?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I like to cook and I like to work,\" says Jaime. Pressed about whether he would work somewhere else if he were a lawful permanent resident, Jaime says, \"I would like to do something else, I don't know, something different.\" He doesn't say what work he might choose if he had papers, and the fact is there's no path to citizenship for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE typically targets large employers with hundreds of unauthorized workers for its splashy enforcement actions. In the hypothetical, what would happen to Lynn's restaurant if every unauthorized worker in her city were deported tomorrow?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(The prospect of undocumented labor disappearing overnight has been spoofed in \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYJcfhxMkrQ\">the 2004 cult movie\u003c/a>, \u003cem>A Day Without A Mexican.\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'd close,\" she says matter-of-factly. \"I'd sell everything for whatever we could get for it and we would close. Because there's not enough talented people who really do know how to cook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But administration hard-liners say the law is the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whether you're talking about a chicken plant with 200-plus illegal workers or a little restaurant that has half a dozen illegal workers, the issue's the same,\" says Mark Krikorian, executive director of the Center for Immigration Studies, a Washington, D.C., think tank that favors lower immigration. Krikorian insists there are U.S. citizens who will take these unattractive jobs, and he cheers on Trump's ICE raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And if that means a little restaurant somewhere ends up closing, that's unfortunate. I wish that on no one. But restaurants close every day,\" Krikorian says. \"And if the labor market is tighter, what that means is restaurants that do come up with a way of recruiting and retaining legal workers will have a competitive advantage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In light of the Mississippi raids, Lynn says she's not really afraid of immigration agents targeting her tiny restaurant kitchen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What I am worried about,\" she adds, \"is the cost of chicken going up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Is Grass-Fed Beef Really Better For The Planet? Here's The Science",
"title": "Is Grass-Fed Beef Really Better For The Planet? Here's The Science",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cp>[aside postid='news_11718100,news_11719669' label='More on Beef']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the environmentally minded carnivore, meat poses a culinary conundrum. Producing it requires a great deal of land and water resources, and ruminants such as cows and sheep are responsible for half of all greenhouse gas emissions associated with agriculture, according to the World Resources Institute. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why many researchers are now calling for the world to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/08/08/748416223/to-slow-global-warming-u-n-warns-agriculture-must-change\">cut back on its meat consumption\u003c/a>. But some advocates say there is a way to eat meat that's better for the planet and better for the animals: grass-fed beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is grass-fed beef really greener than feedlot-finished beef? Let's parse the science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's the difference between grass-fed and feedlot beef? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feedlot calves begin their lives on pasture with the cow that produced them. They're weaned after six to nine months, then grazed a bit more on pasture. They're then \"finished\" for about 120 days on high-energy corn and other grains in a feedlot, gaining weight fast and creating that fat-marbled beef that consumers like. At about 14 to 18 months of age, they are sent to slaughter. (One downside of the feedlot system, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/04/02/707406946/some-in-the-beef-industry-are-bucking-the-widespread-use-of-antibiotics-heres-ho\">as we've reported\u003c/a>, is that a diet of corn can lead to liver abscesses in cattle, which is why animals who eat it receive antibiotics as part of their feed.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a grass-fed and finished scenario, cattle spend their entire lives on grass. Since their feed is much lower in energy, they are sent to slaughter later — between 18 to 24 months of age, after a finishing period, still on grass, of 190 days. Their weight at slaughter averages about 1,200 pounds compared with about 1,350 pounds for feedlot animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's the environmental argument for grass-fed beef? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The grass-fed movement is based on a large idea, one known as \u003ca href=\"https://regenerationinternational.org/why-regenerative-agriculture/\">regenerative agriculture\u003c/a> or holistic management. It holds that grazing ruminant populations are key to a healthy ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of the hordes of bison that once roamed the prairies. Their manure returned nutrients to the soil. And because these animals grazed on grass, the land didn't have to be plowed to plant corn for feed, so deep-rooted grasses that prevent erosion flourished. Had those iconic herds still been around in the 1930s, the argument goes, they would have helped prevent the catastrophe of the Dust Bowl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fourth-generation Oregon rancher Cory Carman runs a 5,000-acre \u003ca href=\"https://carmanranch.com/\">grass-fed beef cattle operation\u003c/a>, where grazing is key to restoring ecosystem balance. \"Agricultural livestock are this incredible tool in promoting soil health,\" she says. \"The longer you can manage cattle on pasture range, the more they can contribute to ecosystem regeneration.\"\u003cbr>\n[aside postid='bayareabites_133231,bayareabites_131706' label='About Antibiotics in Beef Production' align='left']\u003cbr>\nReturning cattle and other ruminants to the land for their entire lives can result in multiple benefits, according to organizations like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.savory.global/\">Savory Institute\u003c/a>, including restoring soil microbial diversity, and making the land more resilient to flooding and drought. It can boost the nutrient content and flavor of livestock and plants. And because grasses trap atmospheric carbon dioxide, the grass-fed system can also help fight climate change. But it does require more land to produce the same amount of meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Shauna Sadowski, head of sustainability for the natural and organic operating unit at General Mills, puts it, \"Our current model is an extractive one that has left our environment in a state of degradation — eroded soil, polluted water. We have to change the entire paradigm to use natural ecological processes to gather nutrients and build the soil.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Which type of beef has the smaller environmental footprint?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's complicated. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To measure the environmental impact of a farming system, scientists rely on studies known as life-cycle assessments (LCAs), which take into account resources and energy use at all stages. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24216416\">number of past studies\u003c/a> have found lower greenhouse gas emissions associated with the feedlot system. One reason is that grass-fed cows gain weight more slowly, so they produce more methane (mostly \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/09/22/552698446/gassy-cows-warm-the-planet-scientists-think-they-know-how-to-squelch-those-belch\">in the form of belches\u003c/a>) over their longer lifespans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ourenvironment.berkeley.edu/people/paige-stanley\">Paige Stanley\u003c/a>, a researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, says many of these studies have prioritized efficiency — high-energy feed, smaller land footprint — as a way of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The larger the animal and the shorter its life, the lower its footprint. But she adds, \"We're learning that there are other dimensions: soil health, carbon and landscape health. Separating them is doing us a disservice.\" She and other researchers are trying to figure out how to incorporate those factors into an LCA analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanley co-authored a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X17310338#.WpHorNqe0qU.twitter\">recent LCA study,\u003c/a> led by Jason Rowntree of Michigan State University, that found carbon-trapping benefits of the grass-fed approach. Another recent \u003ca href=\"https://blog.whiteoakpastures.com/hubfs/WOP-LCA-Quantis-2019.pdf\">LCA study\u003c/a>, of Georgia's holistically managed\u003ca href=\"https://www.whiteoakpastures.com/meet-us/about-white-oak-pastures/\"> White Oak Pastures\u003c/a>, found that the 3,200-acre farm stored enough carbon in its grasses to offset not only all of the methane emissions from its grass-fed cattle, but also much of the farm's total emissions. (The latter study was funded by General Mills.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linus Blomqvist, director for conservation, food and agriculture for the Oakland, Calif.-based \u003ca href=\"https://thebreakthrough.org/\">Breakthrough Institute\u003c/a>, however, defends feedlot finishing, pointing out that the difference between the two systems is only the last third of the grass-fed cattle's life. Does the extra amount of pasture time sequester so much carbon that it offsets the advantage of the feedlot? \"We don't actually have very good evidence for that,\" he says.\u003cbr>\n[aside postid='bayareabites_133954,bayareabites_134201' label='More on Nutrition']\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/people/faculty/alison-van-eenennaam\">Alison Van Eenennaam\u003c/a>, a specialist in animal genomics and biotechnology at the University of California, Davis, says grass-fed makes more sense in a country like Australia, which has a temperate climate, large tracts of grassland and no corn belt. But in the U.S., which does have a corn belt that suffers from cold winters, she believes grain finishing is the more efficient way to produce beef. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which brings us to our next point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you know where your grass-fed beef came from? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 75% to 80% of grass-fed beef sold in the U.S. is grown abroad, from Australia, New Zealand and parts of South America, according to a 2017 \u003ca href=\"https://www.stonebarnscenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Grassfed_Full_v2.pdf\">report\u003c/a> from the Stone Barns Center for Food and Agriculture. Those countries have the advantage of \"vast expanses of grassland, low-input beef that is not finished to a high level and is very inexpensive,\" says Rowntree — even with the cost of shipping it halfway around the world. Most of what comes from Australia is ground beef, not steaks, because the end result of their finishing process tends to be tough. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many U.S. customers who want to support local food are likely unaware of the foreign origin of most grass-fed beef. By law, if meat is \"processed,\" or passes through a USDA-inspected plant (a requirement for all imported beef), it can be labeled as a product of the U.S. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But does it benefit the American farmer?\" Rowntree asks, comparing this market to the sheep industry, \"which lost out to imports from Australia and New Zealand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popularity of grass-fed beef is pulling U.S.-based multinational companies into the market as well, which will drive prices down further. Meat processor JBS now has a grass-fed line, Tyson is planning a Texas grass-fed program and earlier this year Perdue announced it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-23/most-grass-fed-beef-labeled-product-of-u-s-a-is-imported\">getting into the market\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Which system is better for animal welfare?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To many grass-fed advocates, this is one of the main reasons for switching to grass-fed beef. After all, cows evolved to live this way. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been on feedlots farms that have outstanding animal welfare, and I've been on small farms that would make you cringe,\" Rowntree says. But he adds, \"Managing cattle on pasture in a grass-finishing system to me epitomizes animal welfare.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Nancy Matsumoto is a journalist based in Toronto and New York City who writes about sustainability, food, sake and Japanese American culture.\u003c/em> \u003cem>You can read more of her work \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://nancymatsumoto.com/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/08/13/746576239/is-grass-fed-beef-really-better-for-the-planet-heres-the-science\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the environmentally minded carnivore, meat poses a culinary conundrum. Producing it requires a great deal of land and water resources, and ruminants such as cows and sheep are responsible for half of all greenhouse gas emissions associated with agriculture, according to the World Resources Institute. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why many researchers are now calling for the world to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/08/08/748416223/to-slow-global-warming-u-n-warns-agriculture-must-change\">cut back on its meat consumption\u003c/a>. But some advocates say there is a way to eat meat that's better for the planet and better for the animals: grass-fed beef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is grass-fed beef really greener than feedlot-finished beef? Let's parse the science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's the difference between grass-fed and feedlot beef? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feedlot calves begin their lives on pasture with the cow that produced them. They're weaned after six to nine months, then grazed a bit more on pasture. They're then \"finished\" for about 120 days on high-energy corn and other grains in a feedlot, gaining weight fast and creating that fat-marbled beef that consumers like. At about 14 to 18 months of age, they are sent to slaughter. (One downside of the feedlot system, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/04/02/707406946/some-in-the-beef-industry-are-bucking-the-widespread-use-of-antibiotics-heres-ho\">as we've reported\u003c/a>, is that a diet of corn can lead to liver abscesses in cattle, which is why animals who eat it receive antibiotics as part of their feed.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a grass-fed and finished scenario, cattle spend their entire lives on grass. Since their feed is much lower in energy, they are sent to slaughter later — between 18 to 24 months of age, after a finishing period, still on grass, of 190 days. Their weight at slaughter averages about 1,200 pounds compared with about 1,350 pounds for feedlot animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What's the environmental argument for grass-fed beef? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The grass-fed movement is based on a large idea, one known as \u003ca href=\"https://regenerationinternational.org/why-regenerative-agriculture/\">regenerative agriculture\u003c/a> or holistic management. It holds that grazing ruminant populations are key to a healthy ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of the hordes of bison that once roamed the prairies. Their manure returned nutrients to the soil. And because these animals grazed on grass, the land didn't have to be plowed to plant corn for feed, so deep-rooted grasses that prevent erosion flourished. Had those iconic herds still been around in the 1930s, the argument goes, they would have helped prevent the catastrophe of the Dust Bowl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fourth-generation Oregon rancher Cory Carman runs a 5,000-acre \u003ca href=\"https://carmanranch.com/\">grass-fed beef cattle operation\u003c/a>, where grazing is key to restoring ecosystem balance. \"Agricultural livestock are this incredible tool in promoting soil health,\" she says. \"The longer you can manage cattle on pasture range, the more they can contribute to ecosystem regeneration.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nReturning cattle and other ruminants to the land for their entire lives can result in multiple benefits, according to organizations like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.savory.global/\">Savory Institute\u003c/a>, including restoring soil microbial diversity, and making the land more resilient to flooding and drought. It can boost the nutrient content and flavor of livestock and plants. And because grasses trap atmospheric carbon dioxide, the grass-fed system can also help fight climate change. But it does require more land to produce the same amount of meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Shauna Sadowski, head of sustainability for the natural and organic operating unit at General Mills, puts it, \"Our current model is an extractive one that has left our environment in a state of degradation — eroded soil, polluted water. We have to change the entire paradigm to use natural ecological processes to gather nutrients and build the soil.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Which type of beef has the smaller environmental footprint?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's complicated. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To measure the environmental impact of a farming system, scientists rely on studies known as life-cycle assessments (LCAs), which take into account resources and energy use at all stages. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24216416\">number of past studies\u003c/a> have found lower greenhouse gas emissions associated with the feedlot system. One reason is that grass-fed cows gain weight more slowly, so they produce more methane (mostly \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/09/22/552698446/gassy-cows-warm-the-planet-scientists-think-they-know-how-to-squelch-those-belch\">in the form of belches\u003c/a>) over their longer lifespans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ourenvironment.berkeley.edu/people/paige-stanley\">Paige Stanley\u003c/a>, a researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, says many of these studies have prioritized efficiency — high-energy feed, smaller land footprint — as a way of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The larger the animal and the shorter its life, the lower its footprint. But she adds, \"We're learning that there are other dimensions: soil health, carbon and landscape health. Separating them is doing us a disservice.\" She and other researchers are trying to figure out how to incorporate those factors into an LCA analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanley co-authored a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X17310338#.WpHorNqe0qU.twitter\">recent LCA study,\u003c/a> led by Jason Rowntree of Michigan State University, that found carbon-trapping benefits of the grass-fed approach. Another recent \u003ca href=\"https://blog.whiteoakpastures.com/hubfs/WOP-LCA-Quantis-2019.pdf\">LCA study\u003c/a>, of Georgia's holistically managed\u003ca href=\"https://www.whiteoakpastures.com/meet-us/about-white-oak-pastures/\"> White Oak Pastures\u003c/a>, found that the 3,200-acre farm stored enough carbon in its grasses to offset not only all of the methane emissions from its grass-fed cattle, but also much of the farm's total emissions. (The latter study was funded by General Mills.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linus Blomqvist, director for conservation, food and agriculture for the Oakland, Calif.-based \u003ca href=\"https://thebreakthrough.org/\">Breakthrough Institute\u003c/a>, however, defends feedlot finishing, pointing out that the difference between the two systems is only the last third of the grass-fed cattle's life. Does the extra amount of pasture time sequester so much carbon that it offsets the advantage of the feedlot? \"We don't actually have very good evidence for that,\" he says.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/people/faculty/alison-van-eenennaam\">Alison Van Eenennaam\u003c/a>, a specialist in animal genomics and biotechnology at the University of California, Davis, says grass-fed makes more sense in a country like Australia, which has a temperate climate, large tracts of grassland and no corn belt. But in the U.S., which does have a corn belt that suffers from cold winters, she believes grain finishing is the more efficient way to produce beef. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which brings us to our next point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you know where your grass-fed beef came from? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 75% to 80% of grass-fed beef sold in the U.S. is grown abroad, from Australia, New Zealand and parts of South America, according to a 2017 \u003ca href=\"https://www.stonebarnscenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Grassfed_Full_v2.pdf\">report\u003c/a> from the Stone Barns Center for Food and Agriculture. Those countries have the advantage of \"vast expanses of grassland, low-input beef that is not finished to a high level and is very inexpensive,\" says Rowntree — even with the cost of shipping it halfway around the world. Most of what comes from Australia is ground beef, not steaks, because the end result of their finishing process tends to be tough. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many U.S. customers who want to support local food are likely unaware of the foreign origin of most grass-fed beef. By law, if meat is \"processed,\" or passes through a USDA-inspected plant (a requirement for all imported beef), it can be labeled as a product of the U.S. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But does it benefit the American farmer?\" Rowntree asks, comparing this market to the sheep industry, \"which lost out to imports from Australia and New Zealand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popularity of grass-fed beef is pulling U.S.-based multinational companies into the market as well, which will drive prices down further. Meat processor JBS now has a grass-fed line, Tyson is planning a Texas grass-fed program and earlier this year Perdue announced it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-23/most-grass-fed-beef-labeled-product-of-u-s-a-is-imported\">getting into the market\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Which system is better for animal welfare?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To many grass-fed advocates, this is one of the main reasons for switching to grass-fed beef. After all, cows evolved to live this way. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been on feedlots farms that have outstanding animal welfare, and I've been on small farms that would make you cringe,\" Rowntree says. But he adds, \"Managing cattle on pasture in a grass-finishing system to me epitomizes animal welfare.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Nancy Matsumoto is a journalist based in Toronto and New York City who writes about sustainability, food, sake and Japanese American culture.\u003c/em> \u003cem>You can read more of her work \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://nancymatsumoto.com/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/08/13/746576239/is-grass-fed-beef-really-better-for-the-planet-heres-the-science\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Chicken Plants See Little Fallout From Immigration Raids",
"title": "Chicken Plants See Little Fallout From Immigration Raids",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Bites | KQED Food",
"content": "\u003cp>[aside postID='bayareabites_101144' label='Want to adopt a chicken?']\u003cbr>\nFederal agents carried out one of the largest immigration raids in recent history this week, arresting nearly 700 workers at chicken processing plants in Mississippi. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But you can still buy a rotisserie bird at your local supermarket tonight for less than $10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the government crackdown has had little effect on the wider food processing industry, a dangerous business that is heavily reliant on immigrant labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration says its crackdown helps discourage illegal immigration. But workers' advocates warn it leaves vulnerable employees open to exploitation and unsafe working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Americans really need to think about where their chicken and where their beef and their pork comes from and really demand that the industry raise labor standards,\" says Debbie Berkowitz, who directs a health and safety program at the National Employment Law Project. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities raided seven Mississippi poultry plants on Wednesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdms/pr/largest-single-state-worksite-enforcement-action-nation-s-history-conducted-ice-and-doj\">arresting 680 people\u003c/a> suspected of living in the country illegally. So far, no charges have been brought against the five companies that run the plants, although federal officials say that could change as the investigation is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has focused considerable resources on workplace immigration probes. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/features/worksite-enforcement\">Investigations and audits more than tripled\u003c/a> last year, and arrests of workers rose even more. But there was no comparable increase in the number of employers cited. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These enforcement actions are always aimed toward the workforces,\" says Ted Genoways, whose 2014 book, \u003cem>The Chain,\u003c/em> focuses on the food processing industry. \"No one ever seems to ask how it is that a company comes to employ a factory full of people who do not have legal immigration status.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Genoways says that is reminiscent of other high-profile raids on a meatpacking plant in Postville, Iowa, in 2008 and at half a dozen Swift plants in 2006.\u003cbr>\n[aside postID='bayareabites_117913' label='Meet your meats']\u003cbr>\n\"In all those cases, there were work stoppages, huge numbers of people swept up, families divided, but little to no consequences for the people who did the hiring,\" he says. \"And those plants were back up and in production in fairly short order.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koch Foods, one of the companies raided in Mississippi this week, said in \u003ca href=\"http://kochfoodsinc.com/news/2019/08/08/KochFoodsConfirmsMortonMSICERaid\">a statement\u003c/a> that it closed for one shift on Wednesday but planned to keep operating to \"minimize customer impact.\" The company also advertised a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/1125933620950363/\">hiring fair\u003c/a> in Mississippi next Monday and advised job applicants to bring two forms of ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koch Foods (no relation to Charles and David Koch, the majority shareholders of Koch Industries) — \u003ca href=\"https://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/newsroom/release/8-1-18b.cfm\">paid nearly $4 million\u003c/a> last year to settle a complaint brought by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Latina workers at the company's plant in Morton, Miss., accused the company of both racial and sexual harassment. The company admitted no wrongdoing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another of the companies raided this week, Peco Foods, had \u003ca href=\"https://www.nelp.org/publication/workplace-safety-enforcement-continues-decline-trump-administration/\">two workers suffer amputations last year\u003c/a> at a chicken processing plant in Arkansas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/industry-issues/worker-safety-u-s-poultry-industry/\">chicken industry boasts\u003c/a> that its processing plants have gotten safer. The rate of workplace injuries was \u003ca href=\"https://www.ishn.com/articles/111233-poultry-industry-injuries-decreasing\">cut by half \u003c/a>between 2003 and 2016. But poultry workers are still twice as likely to suffer serious injuries and six times as likely to contract a workplace illness as other private sector employees. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkowitz, who was chief of staff at OSHA during the Obama administration, says those numbers are likely understated, because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nelp.org/publication/workplace-safety-enforcement-continues-decline-trump-administration/\">declining government inspections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The industry is totally dependent on finding workers who will not raise issues and who, to a degree, live in fear of the company and they'll just keep their head down and do the work,\" Berkowitz says. \"For the last 30 years that's been immigrant labor.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A quarter-century ago, journalist Tony Horwitz documented the miserable conditions in a chicken processing plant in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pulitzer.org/winners/tony-horwitz\">Pulitzer Prize-winning story\u003c/a> for \u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>. Industry observers say little has changed since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"On a good day, the work is repetitive and stressful,\" Genoways says. \"On a bad day, if there's a single mistake made by anyone in a group, there's a high risk of accident.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If anything, the pressure on workers has only increased, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/09/business/pork-factory-regulations.html\">processing lines move ever faster\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Meatpacking remains one of the most dangerous jobs in America,\" Genoways says. \"And because of that, for really more than a century it's been a job that's very often done by first-generation immigrants who are just looking for a foot in the door and a way up the economic ladder in America.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/08/09/749932968/chicken-plants-see-little-fallout-from-immigration-raids\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nFederal agents carried out one of the largest immigration raids in recent history this week, arresting nearly 700 workers at chicken processing plants in Mississippi. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But you can still buy a rotisserie bird at your local supermarket tonight for less than $10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the government crackdown has had little effect on the wider food processing industry, a dangerous business that is heavily reliant on immigrant labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration says its crackdown helps discourage illegal immigration. But workers' advocates warn it leaves vulnerable employees open to exploitation and unsafe working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Americans really need to think about where their chicken and where their beef and their pork comes from and really demand that the industry raise labor standards,\" says Debbie Berkowitz, who directs a health and safety program at the National Employment Law Project. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities raided seven Mississippi poultry plants on Wednesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdms/pr/largest-single-state-worksite-enforcement-action-nation-s-history-conducted-ice-and-doj\">arresting 680 people\u003c/a> suspected of living in the country illegally. So far, no charges have been brought against the five companies that run the plants, although federal officials say that could change as the investigation is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has focused considerable resources on workplace immigration probes. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/features/worksite-enforcement\">Investigations and audits more than tripled\u003c/a> last year, and arrests of workers rose even more. But there was no comparable increase in the number of employers cited. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These enforcement actions are always aimed toward the workforces,\" says Ted Genoways, whose 2014 book, \u003cem>The Chain,\u003c/em> focuses on the food processing industry. \"No one ever seems to ask how it is that a company comes to employ a factory full of people who do not have legal immigration status.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Genoways says that is reminiscent of other high-profile raids on a meatpacking plant in Postville, Iowa, in 2008 and at half a dozen Swift plants in 2006.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\"In all those cases, there were work stoppages, huge numbers of people swept up, families divided, but little to no consequences for the people who did the hiring,\" he says. \"And those plants were back up and in production in fairly short order.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koch Foods, one of the companies raided in Mississippi this week, said in \u003ca href=\"http://kochfoodsinc.com/news/2019/08/08/KochFoodsConfirmsMortonMSICERaid\">a statement\u003c/a> that it closed for one shift on Wednesday but planned to keep operating to \"minimize customer impact.\" The company also advertised a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/1125933620950363/\">hiring fair\u003c/a> in Mississippi next Monday and advised job applicants to bring two forms of ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koch Foods (no relation to Charles and David Koch, the majority shareholders of Koch Industries) — \u003ca href=\"https://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/newsroom/release/8-1-18b.cfm\">paid nearly $4 million\u003c/a> last year to settle a complaint brought by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Latina workers at the company's plant in Morton, Miss., accused the company of both racial and sexual harassment. The company admitted no wrongdoing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another of the companies raided this week, Peco Foods, had \u003ca href=\"https://www.nelp.org/publication/workplace-safety-enforcement-continues-decline-trump-administration/\">two workers suffer amputations last year\u003c/a> at a chicken processing plant in Arkansas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/industry-issues/worker-safety-u-s-poultry-industry/\">chicken industry boasts\u003c/a> that its processing plants have gotten safer. The rate of workplace injuries was \u003ca href=\"https://www.ishn.com/articles/111233-poultry-industry-injuries-decreasing\">cut by half \u003c/a>between 2003 and 2016. But poultry workers are still twice as likely to suffer serious injuries and six times as likely to contract a workplace illness as other private sector employees. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkowitz, who was chief of staff at OSHA during the Obama administration, says those numbers are likely understated, because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nelp.org/publication/workplace-safety-enforcement-continues-decline-trump-administration/\">declining government inspections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The industry is totally dependent on finding workers who will not raise issues and who, to a degree, live in fear of the company and they'll just keep their head down and do the work,\" Berkowitz says. \"For the last 30 years that's been immigrant labor.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A quarter-century ago, journalist Tony Horwitz documented the miserable conditions in a chicken processing plant in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pulitzer.org/winners/tony-horwitz\">Pulitzer Prize-winning story\u003c/a> for \u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>. Industry observers say little has changed since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"On a good day, the work is repetitive and stressful,\" Genoways says. \"On a bad day, if there's a single mistake made by anyone in a group, there's a high risk of accident.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If anything, the pressure on workers has only increased, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/09/business/pork-factory-regulations.html\">processing lines move ever faster\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Meatpacking remains one of the most dangerous jobs in America,\" Genoways says. \"And because of that, for really more than a century it's been a job that's very often done by first-generation immigrants who are just looking for a foot in the door and a way up the economic ladder in America.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/08/09/749932968/chicken-plants-see-little-fallout-from-immigration-raids\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[aside tag='avocado' label='If You Have Avocados to Spare']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's a Mexican restaurant without guacamole? What's a hipster cafe without avocado toast? Some restaurateurs may be contemplating these questions this summer as the price of avocados has spiked to almost double the price a year ago. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles' Boyle Heights neighborhood, El Tepeyac Cafe uses loads of avocados for its delicious homemade guacamole. In fact, it goes through about 50 boxes of the fruit every week. Operations manager Bernadette Thom says the restaurant has no choice but to pay more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean, we're in a Mexican restaurant, and everything pretty much on our plate requires guacamole,\" she says. \"So to completely be out of it would not work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El Tepeyac has been around since 1955, and Thom says the owners are resigned to price spikes. She says they try not to charge customers more, but in the past they have had to resort to charging a bit more during price spikes. The higher prices also mean they have to shop around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We always find avocados somewhere,\" says Thom. \"If we can get a different quality or different sizes, like a little bit cheaper and they're a little bit smaller, or a different kind of avocado, then we'll do that as well too, until we can get through it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a simple explanation for expensive avocados, says \u003ca href=\"https://research.rabobank.com/far/en/authors/david-magana.html\">David Magaña\u003c/a>, a senior horticulture analyst in Fresno, Calif., with RaboResearch: \"We have the highest or the strongest demand for avocados in the U.S., probably ever.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Magaña analyzes wholesale prices from Mexico, which supplies most of the United States' avocados. He says 24-pound cartons of midsize avocados from Michoacán are selling for $66 each. That's 91% more expensive than they were a year ago. And prices were even higher earlier this month. Magaña says fruit and vegetable production is always subject to weather conditions. This year, production of California avocados was way down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Remember that last year we had a heat wave in California late in July, August?\" he asks. \"That impacted blooming. It started later than normal, and yields were lower this year.\" He says Mexican farmers had to take up the slack for California, so they sent their best. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now they're running out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, some LA taquerias have been selling guacamole without avocados — without disclosing this to customers, reports Javier Cabral, the new editor in chief of the alternative news outlet L.A. Taco\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The secret ingredient that I'm sure, you know, no taqueria would ever be 100% proud to admit is Mexican summer tender, little squash,\" he told NPR's \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em>. \"The Mexican variety is light in color, almost the color of a nice buttery avocado. ... It's scary how much this fake guacamole tastes like the real guacamole.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134268\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/avocado-toast-at-sqirl-1-_custom-13d27534e778c760ac3e88c5e3805d7da0d72b27-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Sqirl, a popular eatery in LA's Silver Lake neighborhood, is known for its avocado toast. It features an entire avocado on a thick slice of country bread from a local bread-maker, with garlic creme fraiche and topped with hot pickled carrots and homemade za'atar.\" width=\"640\" height=\"479\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134268\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/avocado-toast-at-sqirl-1-_custom-13d27534e778c760ac3e88c5e3805d7da0d72b27-s1600-c85.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/avocado-toast-at-sqirl-1-_custom-13d27534e778c760ac3e88c5e3805d7da0d72b27-s1600-c85-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sqirl, a popular eatery in LA's Silver Lake neighborhood, is known for its avocado toast. It features an entire avocado on a thick slice of country bread from a local bread-maker, with garlic creme fraiche and topped with hot pickled carrots and homemade za'atar. \u003ccite>(Mandalit del Barco/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When California avocados are out of season, the restaurant Sqirl simply takes avocado dishes off the menu. The popular eatery, in LA's Silver Lake neighborhood, is known for its gourmet avocado toast: an entire avocado on a thick slice of country bread from a local bread-maker, with garlic creme fraiche and topped with hot pickled carrots and homemade za'atar. \"It's kind of wild and quirky, not what you think of avocado toast,\" says chef and owner Jessica Koslow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sqirl's avocado toast goes for $10 a slice. Koslow says she believes avocados are a luxury item, and she uses only those grown locally in California — and only when they are in season. \"So that's where the challenge comes in,\" she says. \"How do you have avocados year-round? We don't. But we're not everyone else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By now, Koslow is used to seeing high prices for avocados everywhere. \"Last year I was in New York and I saw avocados being sold in the Lower East Side for $4 an avocado,\" she says. \"That shocked me. I remember laughing and taking a photo of it. And now it doesn't surprise me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is that prices are expected to be lower by September, as production ramps back up in Mexico. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/07/25/744974228/holy-guacamole-avocados-are-pricey-and-its-the-pits\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We always find avocados somewhere,\" says Thom. \"If we can get a different quality or different sizes, like a little bit cheaper and they're a little bit smaller, or a different kind of avocado, then we'll do that as well too, until we can get through it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a simple explanation for expensive avocados, says \u003ca href=\"https://research.rabobank.com/far/en/authors/david-magana.html\">David Magaña\u003c/a>, a senior horticulture analyst in Fresno, Calif., with RaboResearch: \"We have the highest or the strongest demand for avocados in the U.S., probably ever.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Magaña analyzes wholesale prices from Mexico, which supplies most of the United States' avocados. He says 24-pound cartons of midsize avocados from Michoacán are selling for $66 each. That's 91% more expensive than they were a year ago. And prices were even higher earlier this month. Magaña says fruit and vegetable production is always subject to weather conditions. This year, production of California avocados was way down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Remember that last year we had a heat wave in California late in July, August?\" he asks. \"That impacted blooming. It started later than normal, and yields were lower this year.\" He says Mexican farmers had to take up the slack for California, so they sent their best. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now they're running out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, some LA taquerias have been selling guacamole without avocados — without disclosing this to customers, reports Javier Cabral, the new editor in chief of the alternative news outlet L.A. Taco\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The secret ingredient that I'm sure, you know, no taqueria would ever be 100% proud to admit is Mexican summer tender, little squash,\" he told NPR's \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em>. \"The Mexican variety is light in color, almost the color of a nice buttery avocado. ... It's scary how much this fake guacamole tastes like the real guacamole.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134268\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/avocado-toast-at-sqirl-1-_custom-13d27534e778c760ac3e88c5e3805d7da0d72b27-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Sqirl, a popular eatery in LA's Silver Lake neighborhood, is known for its avocado toast. It features an entire avocado on a thick slice of country bread from a local bread-maker, with garlic creme fraiche and topped with hot pickled carrots and homemade za'atar.\" width=\"640\" height=\"479\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134268\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/avocado-toast-at-sqirl-1-_custom-13d27534e778c760ac3e88c5e3805d7da0d72b27-s1600-c85.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/avocado-toast-at-sqirl-1-_custom-13d27534e778c760ac3e88c5e3805d7da0d72b27-s1600-c85-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sqirl, a popular eatery in LA's Silver Lake neighborhood, is known for its avocado toast. It features an entire avocado on a thick slice of country bread from a local bread-maker, with garlic creme fraiche and topped with hot pickled carrots and homemade za'atar. \u003ccite>(Mandalit del Barco/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When California avocados are out of season, the restaurant Sqirl simply takes avocado dishes off the menu. The popular eatery, in LA's Silver Lake neighborhood, is known for its gourmet avocado toast: an entire avocado on a thick slice of country bread from a local bread-maker, with garlic creme fraiche and topped with hot pickled carrots and homemade za'atar. \"It's kind of wild and quirky, not what you think of avocado toast,\" says chef and owner Jessica Koslow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sqirl's avocado toast goes for $10 a slice. Koslow says she believes avocados are a luxury item, and she uses only those grown locally in California — and only when they are in season. \"So that's where the challenge comes in,\" she says. \"How do you have avocados year-round? We don't. But we're not everyone else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By now, Koslow is used to seeing high prices for avocados everywhere. \"Last year I was in New York and I saw avocados being sold in the Lower East Side for $4 an avocado,\" she says. \"That shocked me. I remember laughing and taking a photo of it. And now it doesn't surprise me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is that prices are expected to be lower by September, as production ramps back up in Mexico. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/07/25/744974228/holy-guacamole-avocados-are-pricey-and-its-the-pits\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[aside postID='bayareabites_55726,bayareabites_96014,bayareabites_131839' label='More on Chickpeas']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hummus is having a heyday with American consumers, and that could be as good for the soil as it is for our health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Formerly relegated to the snack aisle in U.S. grocery stores, the chickpea-based dip has long starred as the smooth centerpiece of Middle Eastern meals and, increasingly, plant-based diets. Occasionally, it even doubles as\u003ca href=\"https://delightedbyhummus.com/\"> dessert\u003c/a>. Last year, Americans spent four times as much money on grocery store hummus as they did a decade before, according to the latest consumer surveys, and a growing number of snacks and fast-casual concepts also feature the fiber- and protein-rich chickpea as their \u003cem>pièce de résistance.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of a subcategory of legumes called pulses, chickpeas — along with lentils, dry peas and several varieties of beans — have been a critical crop and foodstuff for centuries in Middle Eastern and Asian countries. The crops are so promising that the United Nations deemed 2016 the \u003ca href=\"https://www.crops.org/iyp\">Year of Pulses\u003c/a> to expand interest in these ancient foods and their potential to help solve dueling modern-day conundrums: hunger and soil depreciation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some American farmers were already well on their way to embracing pulses, seeing the role they could play in improving soil health and setting the stage for better harvests of cash crops like wheat. Last year, U.S. farmers planted more chickpeas than ever to satisfy growing demand for plant-based protein alternatives — which, in turn, could help restore soils depleted by decades of intensive farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike corn or wheat, these pulses fix their own nitrogen from the atmosphere, leaving extra stores of the nutrient in the soil for future crops to consume. For this reason, pulses can play a vital role in crop rotations, especially those that don't rely on chemical fertilizers. What's more, if managed well, these crops can be part of a farming system that sequesters carbon from the atmosphere and helps mitigate climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I see this diversification and these legumes as a way to get away from the use of synthetic nitrogen,\" says Casey Bailey, a farmer in Fort Benton, Mont., who grows organic chickpeas as the linchpin of a rotational planting program. \"They're a tricky crop to grow, but I'm a huge proponent of trying to figure out how to do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134126\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1412px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-134126\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e.jpg\" alt=\"Chickpeas are often called by their Spanish name, garbanzos or garbanzo beans, in the United States.\" width=\"1412\" height=\"1059\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e.jpg 1412w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1412px) 100vw, 1412px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chickpeas are often called by their Spanish name, garbanzos or garbanzo beans, in the United States. \u003ccite>(Inga Spence/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He sells about 2,000 pounds of chickpeas each month to\u003ca href=\"http://eatlittlesesame.com/menu/\"> Little Sesame\u003c/a>, a fast-casual concept serving hummus bowls topped with seasonal vegetables at a pair of locations in the District of Columbia. Chef-owners Nick Wiseman and Israeli-born Ronen Tenne soak the dried chickpeas for hours before cooking and blending them (with tahini, garlic, olive oil and lemon juice) into daily batches to satiate the city's lunch and after-work crowds — often without adding meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't say it much, but 80% of the menu is always vegan,\" Wiseman says. \"It's awesome to see people who would probably eat meat every day come in here and be satisfied without it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Wiseman, the cherry on top of opening a second location this year is getting to buy more kabuli chickpeas from Bailey, whom he'll visit this summer during a road trip in\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/ByC8GC-Br7U/\"> Little Sesame's 1978 Volkswagen van\u003c/a>. Creating markets for such legumes — particularly those grown without chemicals such as desiccants used to dry chickpeas in the fields — is a growing interest for Wiseman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These (chickpeas) are helping restore the grasslands of the West, which are this huge carbon sink,\" Wiseman says over a bowl of hummus topped with snap peas and Aleppo chili oil at his Chinatown location. \"They're a very powerful plant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bailey planted his first few hundred acres of chickpeas a dozen years ago, after a retailer looking to sell more of the healthful legumes reached out to him on LinkedIn, making him a pioneer in Montana's grain-heavy Golden Triangle region. But word was spreading that the chickpea could pull in more money per pound than other legumes, while reducing the need for chemical inputs compared with crops like wheat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Tim McGreevy started working in 1994 as the CEO of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.usapulses.org/\"> USA Dry Pea & Lentil Council and the American Pulse Association\u003c/a> — a trade group that trumpets the power of chickpeas, lentils, dry peas and beans — the country was harvesting about 30,000 acres of chickpeas annually, primarily in the hilly Palouse agricultural region of Washington, Idaho and Oregon. By last year, that number had swelled to 859,000 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a pretty big difference in 25 years,\" says McGreevy, who also grows chickpeas on a small farm in Eastern Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year in particular, Bailey says, \"it seemed like the entire state of Montana was chickpeas.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While about half of the country's chickpea harvest is still shipped overseas, a growing number of chickpeas are going to domestic markets as demand increases. Trade disputes also are making international markets less reliable. In 2019, U.S. farmers reduced for the first time in years the number of acres they planned to plant in chickpeas, down to 519,000 acres. Volatile trade riffs with countries such as India in 2018 left much of that year's harvest\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/31/678416352/chickpeas-sit-in-silos-as-trumps-trade-wars-wage-on\"> sitting in silos\u003c/a>, where an oversupply has continued to depress chickpea prices this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The saving grace — and why I'm still optimistic — is the domestic market continues to grow for all pulse crops,\" McGreevy says. He thinks the lower price could also spur even more innovation of chickpea-based foods. \"Chickpeas have, in particular, shown significant growth in sales over the past decade.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-134129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Americans spent nearly $800 million on hummus from retail stores in 2018.\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-768x511.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cbr>\nAmericans spent nearly $800 million on hummus from retail stores in 2018, McGreevy says. That's compared to just under $200 million in hummus sales a decade before and only $5 million in the mid-1990s, placing the popular dip among food retail's fastest-growing sectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sabra.com/\">Sabra\u003c/a>, an Israeli company that's been partnered with PepsiCo since 2008, has led hummus' parade into U.S. markets over the past decade and is still one of the sector's largest players. A Sabra production plant in Chesterfield County, Va., where the company also has encouraged more farmers to grow chickpeas, was\u003ca href=\"https://www.richmond.com/business/sabra-dipping-co-opens-new-plant-expansion/article_7d6d6ea8-34d9-579b-8695-ade53328cfc5.html\"> expanded in 2014\u003c/a> to produce more than 8,000 tons of hummus a month in anticipation of market growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chickpea invasion has gone beyond the dip aisle, too, with crunchy roasted versions from companies like\u003ca href=\"http://hippeas.com/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwpPHoBRC3ARIsALfx-_K9pqlJyXt_pIqdVv2rXLeYa26KQIculY4x0jo-ReOwPC4qC3ASamMaAugcEALw_wcB\"> Hippeas\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"http://www.thegoodbean.com/\"> The Good Bean\u003c/a> competing with potato chips as a healthful alternative. The U.S. Dietary Guidelines suggest Americans \u003ca href=\"https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/appendix-3/\">eat 1 ½ cups of cooked pulses per week\u003c/a>, McGreevy notes. High in protein, dietary fiber and essential amino acids, pulses can play an even larger role in diets focused on reducing meat consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hummus already looms large on American snack tables, replacing ranch dressing as a healthier, cut-vegetable accompaniment. And, now, it's staging a takeover of the main meal, too. Hummus-based bowls are the centerpiece of chains like New York City's The Hummus & Pita Co., and a staple ingredient at\u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/mediterranean-middle-eastern-food-gaining-popularity-2018-6\"> the ballooning number of fast-casual Mediterranean concepts\u003c/a> such as Cava and Roti. Chickpeas\u003ca href=\"https://www.amny.com/eat-and-drink/chickpea-food-trend-1.33295907\"> are cropping up on menus\u003c/a> in Asian noodle dishes, French fries, soft-serve \"ice cream\" and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bonappetit.com/story/delighted-by-dessert-hummus\">dessert-like frostings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But perhaps the easiest way to wade into the chickpea fray is to find a really good bowl of hummus — which doubles as the Arabic word for chickpea — and shovel it in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Whitney Pipkin is a freelance journalist living just outside Washington. You can find more of her work \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.whitneypipkin.com/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003cem> Follow her on Twitter at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Whitneypipkin\">@WhitneyPipkin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/07/10/739054484/your-hummus-habit-could-be-good-for-the-earth\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hummus is having a heyday with American consumers, and that could be as good for the soil as it is for our health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Formerly relegated to the snack aisle in U.S. grocery stores, the chickpea-based dip has long starred as the smooth centerpiece of Middle Eastern meals and, increasingly, plant-based diets. Occasionally, it even doubles as\u003ca href=\"https://delightedbyhummus.com/\"> dessert\u003c/a>. Last year, Americans spent four times as much money on grocery store hummus as they did a decade before, according to the latest consumer surveys, and a growing number of snacks and fast-casual concepts also feature the fiber- and protein-rich chickpea as their \u003cem>pièce de résistance.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of a subcategory of legumes called pulses, chickpeas — along with lentils, dry peas and several varieties of beans — have been a critical crop and foodstuff for centuries in Middle Eastern and Asian countries. The crops are so promising that the United Nations deemed 2016 the \u003ca href=\"https://www.crops.org/iyp\">Year of Pulses\u003c/a> to expand interest in these ancient foods and their potential to help solve dueling modern-day conundrums: hunger and soil depreciation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some American farmers were already well on their way to embracing pulses, seeing the role they could play in improving soil health and setting the stage for better harvests of cash crops like wheat. Last year, U.S. farmers planted more chickpeas than ever to satisfy growing demand for plant-based protein alternatives — which, in turn, could help restore soils depleted by decades of intensive farming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike corn or wheat, these pulses fix their own nitrogen from the atmosphere, leaving extra stores of the nutrient in the soil for future crops to consume. For this reason, pulses can play a vital role in crop rotations, especially those that don't rely on chemical fertilizers. What's more, if managed well, these crops can be part of a farming system that sequesters carbon from the atmosphere and helps mitigate climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I see this diversification and these legumes as a way to get away from the use of synthetic nitrogen,\" says Casey Bailey, a farmer in Fort Benton, Mont., who grows organic chickpeas as the linchpin of a rotational planting program. \"They're a tricky crop to grow, but I'm a huge proponent of trying to figure out how to do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134126\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1412px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-134126\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e.jpg\" alt=\"Chickpeas are often called by their Spanish name, garbanzos or garbanzo beans, in the United States.\" width=\"1412\" height=\"1059\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e.jpg 1412w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-128069826-bbd47af959f13a4937053aa5540bc3ea6de0159e-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1412px) 100vw, 1412px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chickpeas are often called by their Spanish name, garbanzos or garbanzo beans, in the United States. \u003ccite>(Inga Spence/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He sells about 2,000 pounds of chickpeas each month to\u003ca href=\"http://eatlittlesesame.com/menu/\"> Little Sesame\u003c/a>, a fast-casual concept serving hummus bowls topped with seasonal vegetables at a pair of locations in the District of Columbia. Chef-owners Nick Wiseman and Israeli-born Ronen Tenne soak the dried chickpeas for hours before cooking and blending them (with tahini, garlic, olive oil and lemon juice) into daily batches to satiate the city's lunch and after-work crowds — often without adding meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't say it much, but 80% of the menu is always vegan,\" Wiseman says. \"It's awesome to see people who would probably eat meat every day come in here and be satisfied without it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Wiseman, the cherry on top of opening a second location this year is getting to buy more kabuli chickpeas from Bailey, whom he'll visit this summer during a road trip in\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/ByC8GC-Br7U/\"> Little Sesame's 1978 Volkswagen van\u003c/a>. Creating markets for such legumes — particularly those grown without chemicals such as desiccants used to dry chickpeas in the fields — is a growing interest for Wiseman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These (chickpeas) are helping restore the grasslands of the West, which are this huge carbon sink,\" Wiseman says over a bowl of hummus topped with snap peas and Aleppo chili oil at his Chinatown location. \"They're a very powerful plant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bailey planted his first few hundred acres of chickpeas a dozen years ago, after a retailer looking to sell more of the healthful legumes reached out to him on LinkedIn, making him a pioneer in Montana's grain-heavy Golden Triangle region. But word was spreading that the chickpea could pull in more money per pound than other legumes, while reducing the need for chemical inputs compared with crops like wheat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Tim McGreevy started working in 1994 as the CEO of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.usapulses.org/\"> USA Dry Pea & Lentil Council and the American Pulse Association\u003c/a> — a trade group that trumpets the power of chickpeas, lentils, dry peas and beans — the country was harvesting about 30,000 acres of chickpeas annually, primarily in the hilly Palouse agricultural region of Washington, Idaho and Oregon. By last year, that number had swelled to 859,000 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's a pretty big difference in 25 years,\" says McGreevy, who also grows chickpeas on a small farm in Eastern Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year in particular, Bailey says, \"it seemed like the entire state of Montana was chickpeas.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While about half of the country's chickpea harvest is still shipped overseas, a growing number of chickpeas are going to domestic markets as demand increases. Trade disputes also are making international markets less reliable. In 2019, U.S. farmers reduced for the first time in years the number of acres they planned to plant in chickpeas, down to 519,000 acres. Volatile trade riffs with countries such as India in 2018 left much of that year's harvest\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/31/678416352/chickpeas-sit-in-silos-as-trumps-trade-wars-wage-on\"> sitting in silos\u003c/a>, where an oversupply has continued to depress chickpea prices this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The saving grace — and why I'm still optimistic — is the domestic market continues to grow for all pulse crops,\" McGreevy says. He thinks the lower price could also spur even more innovation of chickpea-based foods. \"Chickpeas have, in particular, shown significant growth in sales over the past decade.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-134129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Americans spent nearly $800 million on hummus from retail stores in 2018.\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-768x511.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/lilses.jan_.8.201914_custom-46c90909511fbe6a0c4e0a911363adfa9a25790f-s1600-c85-1200x799.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cbr>\nAmericans spent nearly $800 million on hummus from retail stores in 2018, McGreevy says. That's compared to just under $200 million in hummus sales a decade before and only $5 million in the mid-1990s, placing the popular dip among food retail's fastest-growing sectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sabra.com/\">Sabra\u003c/a>, an Israeli company that's been partnered with PepsiCo since 2008, has led hummus' parade into U.S. markets over the past decade and is still one of the sector's largest players. A Sabra production plant in Chesterfield County, Va., where the company also has encouraged more farmers to grow chickpeas, was\u003ca href=\"https://www.richmond.com/business/sabra-dipping-co-opens-new-plant-expansion/article_7d6d6ea8-34d9-579b-8695-ade53328cfc5.html\"> expanded in 2014\u003c/a> to produce more than 8,000 tons of hummus a month in anticipation of market growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chickpea invasion has gone beyond the dip aisle, too, with crunchy roasted versions from companies like\u003ca href=\"http://hippeas.com/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwpPHoBRC3ARIsALfx-_K9pqlJyXt_pIqdVv2rXLeYa26KQIculY4x0jo-ReOwPC4qC3ASamMaAugcEALw_wcB\"> Hippeas\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"http://www.thegoodbean.com/\"> The Good Bean\u003c/a> competing with potato chips as a healthful alternative. The U.S. Dietary Guidelines suggest Americans \u003ca href=\"https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/appendix-3/\">eat 1 ½ cups of cooked pulses per week\u003c/a>, McGreevy notes. High in protein, dietary fiber and essential amino acids, pulses can play an even larger role in diets focused on reducing meat consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hummus already looms large on American snack tables, replacing ranch dressing as a healthier, cut-vegetable accompaniment. And, now, it's staging a takeover of the main meal, too. Hummus-based bowls are the centerpiece of chains like New York City's The Hummus & Pita Co., and a staple ingredient at\u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/mediterranean-middle-eastern-food-gaining-popularity-2018-6\"> the ballooning number of fast-casual Mediterranean concepts\u003c/a> such as Cava and Roti. Chickpeas\u003ca href=\"https://www.amny.com/eat-and-drink/chickpea-food-trend-1.33295907\"> are cropping up on menus\u003c/a> in Asian noodle dishes, French fries, soft-serve \"ice cream\" and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bonappetit.com/story/delighted-by-dessert-hummus\">dessert-like frostings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But perhaps the easiest way to wade into the chickpea fray is to find a really good bowl of hummus — which doubles as the Arabic word for chickpea — and shovel it in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Whitney Pipkin is a freelance journalist living just outside Washington. You can find more of her work \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.whitneypipkin.com/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003cem> Follow her on Twitter at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Whitneypipkin\">@WhitneyPipkin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/07/10/739054484/your-hummus-habit-could-be-good-for-the-earth\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "To Reduce Food Waste, FDA Urges 'Best If Used By' Date Labels",
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"content": "\u003cp>[aside tag='food-waste' label='Cutting Back on Food Waste']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/media/125114/download\">letter\u003c/a> to the food industry on Thursday, urging companies to get behind the initiative to standardize the use of the phrase \"best if used by\" on packaged food labels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Consumer research has shown that this phrasing helps consumers understand that the date label is about quality, not safety, and that products do not have to be discarded after the date if they are stored properly,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/frank-yiannas\">Frank Yiannas\u003c/a>, a deputy commissioner at the FDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yiannas says \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/confused-date-labels-packaged-foods\">confusion over competing labels\u003c/a> — such as \"sell by\" or \"use before\" — accounts for about 20% of food waste in Americans' homes. And this message comes at a time when Americans toss out about $161 billion worth of food each year. This equates to about one-third of all food produced in the U.S. being wasted or lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Imagine going to the grocery store and buying three bags of groceries, and as you walk out, you throw one of those bags in the garbage can,\" Yiannas says. \"It sounds ridiculous, but in essence that's what's happening every day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading players in the food industry support the guidance from the FDA. \"We absolutely support the message the FDA is sending out today,\" says Meghan Stasz, vice president of sustainability and packaging at the\u003ca href=\"https://reimagine.gmaonline.org/\"> Grocery Manufacturers Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.gmaonline.org/news-events/newsroom/grocery-industry-launches-new-initiative-to-reduce-consumer-confusion-on-pr/\">Grocery Manufacturers Association\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fmi.org/newsroom/latest-news/view/2017/02/15/grocery-industry-launches-new-initiative-to-reduce-consumer-confusion-on-product-date-labels\">Food Marketing Institute\u003c/a> introduced a \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/02/15/515427797/food-companies-may-say-goodbye-to-sell-by-labels\">voluntary initiative to streamline the date labels\u003c/a> on packaged foods. As we've \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/09/20/552116399/global-plan-to-streamline-use-by-food-labels-aims-to-cut-food-waste\">reported\u003c/a>, there's a similar global effort backed by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.theconsumergoodsforum.com/\">Consumer Goods Forum\u003c/a>, a network of big players in the food industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stasz says that her industry tested various date label terms with consumers. \"'Best if used by' was a clear winner,\" she says. And she says it means exactly what it says: The product is at its peak — or freshest — if consumed before that date. \"After that date on the package, [the foods] may taste a little stale, but they're still perfectly safe to consume.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stasz says food companies that are members of the Grocery Manufacturers Association have already embraced the guidance to use \"best if used by,\" with more than 80% of the products in the portfolios of GMA members using it. \"We've seen great progress towards adoption,\" Stasz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no federal requirement to put date labels on food packages. The only exception is with infant formula. The FDA mandates that infant formulas be labeled with a \"use by\" date. The food industry uses the \"use by\" date in other instances when food safety is a concern. \"'Use by' is basically a discard date,\" Stasz explains. \"So, after that date on the package, the consumer [should] discard that product.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This labeling guidance applies to shelf-stable, packaged foods. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has similar \u003ca href=\"https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/food-labeling/food-product-dating/food-product-dating\">recommendations\u003c/a> for the voluntary date labels on perishable products that it regulates, such as meat, poultry and eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government has established a goal to reduce food waste by 50% by 2030. \"While we don't have a regulatory mandate [on date labels], we do have a responsibility to play a role in trying to reduce food waste, and that's why the FDA is taking this measure,\" Yiannas says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/05/23/726079350/to-reduce-food-waste-fda-urges-best-if-used-by-date-labels\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/media/125114/download\">letter\u003c/a> to the food industry on Thursday, urging companies to get behind the initiative to standardize the use of the phrase \"best if used by\" on packaged food labels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Consumer research has shown that this phrasing helps consumers understand that the date label is about quality, not safety, and that products do not have to be discarded after the date if they are stored properly,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/frank-yiannas\">Frank Yiannas\u003c/a>, a deputy commissioner at the FDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yiannas says \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/confused-date-labels-packaged-foods\">confusion over competing labels\u003c/a> — such as \"sell by\" or \"use before\" — accounts for about 20% of food waste in Americans' homes. And this message comes at a time when Americans toss out about $161 billion worth of food each year. This equates to about one-third of all food produced in the U.S. being wasted or lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Imagine going to the grocery store and buying three bags of groceries, and as you walk out, you throw one of those bags in the garbage can,\" Yiannas says. \"It sounds ridiculous, but in essence that's what's happening every day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading players in the food industry support the guidance from the FDA. \"We absolutely support the message the FDA is sending out today,\" says Meghan Stasz, vice president of sustainability and packaging at the\u003ca href=\"https://reimagine.gmaonline.org/\"> Grocery Manufacturers Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.gmaonline.org/news-events/newsroom/grocery-industry-launches-new-initiative-to-reduce-consumer-confusion-on-pr/\">Grocery Manufacturers Association\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fmi.org/newsroom/latest-news/view/2017/02/15/grocery-industry-launches-new-initiative-to-reduce-consumer-confusion-on-product-date-labels\">Food Marketing Institute\u003c/a> introduced a \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/02/15/515427797/food-companies-may-say-goodbye-to-sell-by-labels\">voluntary initiative to streamline the date labels\u003c/a> on packaged foods. As we've \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/09/20/552116399/global-plan-to-streamline-use-by-food-labels-aims-to-cut-food-waste\">reported\u003c/a>, there's a similar global effort backed by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.theconsumergoodsforum.com/\">Consumer Goods Forum\u003c/a>, a network of big players in the food industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stasz says that her industry tested various date label terms with consumers. \"'Best if used by' was a clear winner,\" she says. And she says it means exactly what it says: The product is at its peak — or freshest — if consumed before that date. \"After that date on the package, [the foods] may taste a little stale, but they're still perfectly safe to consume.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stasz says food companies that are members of the Grocery Manufacturers Association have already embraced the guidance to use \"best if used by,\" with more than 80% of the products in the portfolios of GMA members using it. \"We've seen great progress towards adoption,\" Stasz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no federal requirement to put date labels on food packages. The only exception is with infant formula. The FDA mandates that infant formulas be labeled with a \"use by\" date. The food industry uses the \"use by\" date in other instances when food safety is a concern. \"'Use by' is basically a discard date,\" Stasz explains. \"So, after that date on the package, the consumer [should] discard that product.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This labeling guidance applies to shelf-stable, packaged foods. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has similar \u003ca href=\"https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/food-labeling/food-product-dating/food-product-dating\">recommendations\u003c/a> for the voluntary date labels on perishable products that it regulates, such as meat, poultry and eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government has established a goal to reduce food waste by 50% by 2030. \"While we don't have a regulatory mandate [on date labels], we do have a responsibility to play a role in trying to reduce food waste, and that's why the FDA is taking this measure,\" Yiannas says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/05/23/726079350/to-reduce-food-waste-fda-urges-best-if-used-by-date-labels\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How ‘Lunch Shaming’ Is Facing Scrutiny Around The US",
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"content": "\u003cp>NEW YORK (AP) — Denying children a hot meal apparently isn’t a popular way for schools to deal with unpaid lunch money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a flood of angry Facebook comments and phone calls, a Rhode Island district last week abandoned its plan to serve cold sandwiches to students whose families owe money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outcry was global,” said Catherine Bonang of Warwick Public Schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such practices aren’t new, but they are facing more scrutiny. As the push against “lunch shaming” gains traction, here’s what you should know:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What happened in Rhode Island?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Previously, students in Warwick with unpaid charges were served cheese sandwiches that are not on the regular menu, which made it clear who owed money, Bonang said. The district was trying to make it less obvious by switching to sunflower butter and jelly sandwiches, since those are offered as a daily option to everyone, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/Warwickschools/posts/837912413252413?__tn__=-R\">backlash\u003c/a> prompted officials to go further and say all students would get the choice of a hot meal. A policy of not letting older students with unpaid meal charges take part in activities like dances and field trips was also recently scrapped, the district said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How common is lunch shaming?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to gauge the prevalence among the nation’s thousands of schools. But in 2011, a majority of districts surveyed said they had unpaid meal charges, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://fns-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/SNOPSYear1.pdf\">study\u003c/a> by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which oversees the federal school lunch program. Among those schools, serving alternative meals was common. Cheese or peanut butter and jelly sandwiches were cited as alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Districts also reported taking other actions to recover costs, such as withholding grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are there rules against lunch shaming?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/affc45f314114094b01f1e649811c4ad\">New Mexico\u003c/a> passed a law against it in 2017, and several other states including California, Iowa and Oregon have followed suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The laws generally prohibit practices like stamping students’ hands or making them do chores, though serving alternative meals isn’t always explicitly banned. The laws’ supporters say students should never go hungry at school or be shamed with food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, federal lawmakers introduced “anti-lunch shaming” \u003ca href=\"https://www.tomudall.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/RYA19161.pdf\">legislation\u003c/a> to help shield children with unpaid charges. The USDA also discourages practices that stigmatize students, but lets districts set their own policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Aren't alternative meals a form of lunch shaming?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A child can feel shame even if it’s not obvious to others why they’re getting a cold sandwich, said Jennifer Ramo of New Mexico Appleseed, which advocates against the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After forgetting to pay for lunches one week, Aniece Germain said her son was given a sun butter sandwich in kindergarten last year. She said her heart broke when she picked him up at school, and he asked why she hadn’t paid for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was also charged $2.50 for the sandwich, the same as for a hot meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the purpose of that is to humiliate the kids, shame the kids, to get the parents to pay,” said Germain, who lives in Cranston, Rhode Island, not far from Warwick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cranston’s school district said it no longer serves alternative meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who's affected by lunch shaming?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The national school lunch program serves around \u003ca href=\"https://fns-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/pd/slsummar.pdf\">30 million children\u003c/a>. About 20 million of those students qualify for free lunches, and 2 million qualify for a reduced price lunch of 40 cents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The roughly 8 million remaining pay the regular price determined by local districts. Students with unpaid meal charges are the ones affected by lunch shaming.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why do families have unpaid charges?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even if families with unpaid charges could afford to pay, many say children shouldn’t be punished for their failure to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reasons for unpaid charges can also vary. Some families may struggle to make ends meet, even if they’re not eligible for free or reduced-price lunches. Others may feel there’s a stigma to applying, or not realize they qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Warwick, the district said $12,000 of its $77,000 in unpaid charges is owed by children who qualified for free lunch, with charges incurred before their applications were approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The School Nutrition Association, which represents cafeteria operators and suppliers, said providing free lunches for all students would end confusion about charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are unpaid charges a big problem?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The USDA report from a few years ago said lost revenue from unpaid meals tended to represent a tiny percentage of a school food program’s overall spending. But situations can vary, and the School Nutrition Association said unpaid charges are a widespread issue, with debt esca2lating in places that adopted anti-lunch shaming policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Maine, officials estimate the state’s new law will have unknown but ”\u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/5c81a2660e6940598bf3de4a3dabc294\">significant\u003c/a>” costs for local districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Cranston, where the debt is at about $90,000, officials in January started using a debt collector. Michael Crudale of Cranston Public Schools said simply getting a letter from a collection agency can sometimes get families to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They feel like it’s been turned up a notch,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said credit scores aren’t affected, but that letters are sent every 30 days until the school year ends. At that point, Crudale said the district eats the cost and the debt is erased.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>NEW YORK (AP) — Denying children a hot meal apparently isn’t a popular way for schools to deal with unpaid lunch money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a flood of angry Facebook comments and phone calls, a Rhode Island district last week abandoned its plan to serve cold sandwiches to students whose families owe money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The outcry was global,” said Catherine Bonang of Warwick Public Schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such practices aren’t new, but they are facing more scrutiny. As the push against “lunch shaming” gains traction, here’s what you should know:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What happened in Rhode Island?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Previously, students in Warwick with unpaid charges were served cheese sandwiches that are not on the regular menu, which made it clear who owed money, Bonang said. The district was trying to make it less obvious by switching to sunflower butter and jelly sandwiches, since those are offered as a daily option to everyone, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/Warwickschools/posts/837912413252413?__tn__=-R\">backlash\u003c/a> prompted officials to go further and say all students would get the choice of a hot meal. A policy of not letting older students with unpaid meal charges take part in activities like dances and field trips was also recently scrapped, the district said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How common is lunch shaming?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to gauge the prevalence among the nation’s thousands of schools. But in 2011, a majority of districts surveyed said they had unpaid meal charges, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://fns-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/SNOPSYear1.pdf\">study\u003c/a> by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which oversees the federal school lunch program. Among those schools, serving alternative meals was common. Cheese or peanut butter and jelly sandwiches were cited as alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Districts also reported taking other actions to recover costs, such as withholding grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are there rules against lunch shaming?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/affc45f314114094b01f1e649811c4ad\">New Mexico\u003c/a> passed a law against it in 2017, and several other states including California, Iowa and Oregon have followed suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The laws generally prohibit practices like stamping students’ hands or making them do chores, though serving alternative meals isn’t always explicitly banned. The laws’ supporters say students should never go hungry at school or be shamed with food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, federal lawmakers introduced “anti-lunch shaming” \u003ca href=\"https://www.tomudall.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/RYA19161.pdf\">legislation\u003c/a> to help shield children with unpaid charges. The USDA also discourages practices that stigmatize students, but lets districts set their own policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Aren't alternative meals a form of lunch shaming?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A child can feel shame even if it’s not obvious to others why they’re getting a cold sandwich, said Jennifer Ramo of New Mexico Appleseed, which advocates against the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After forgetting to pay for lunches one week, Aniece Germain said her son was given a sun butter sandwich in kindergarten last year. She said her heart broke when she picked him up at school, and he asked why she hadn’t paid for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was also charged $2.50 for the sandwich, the same as for a hot meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the purpose of that is to humiliate the kids, shame the kids, to get the parents to pay,” said Germain, who lives in Cranston, Rhode Island, not far from Warwick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cranston’s school district said it no longer serves alternative meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who's affected by lunch shaming?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The national school lunch program serves around \u003ca href=\"https://fns-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/pd/slsummar.pdf\">30 million children\u003c/a>. About 20 million of those students qualify for free lunches, and 2 million qualify for a reduced price lunch of 40 cents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The roughly 8 million remaining pay the regular price determined by local districts. Students with unpaid meal charges are the ones affected by lunch shaming.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why do families have unpaid charges?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even if families with unpaid charges could afford to pay, many say children shouldn’t be punished for their failure to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reasons for unpaid charges can also vary. Some families may struggle to make ends meet, even if they’re not eligible for free or reduced-price lunches. Others may feel there’s a stigma to applying, or not realize they qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Warwick, the district said $12,000 of its $77,000 in unpaid charges is owed by children who qualified for free lunch, with charges incurred before their applications were approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The School Nutrition Association, which represents cafeteria operators and suppliers, said providing free lunches for all students would end confusion about charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Are unpaid charges a big problem?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The USDA report from a few years ago said lost revenue from unpaid meals tended to represent a tiny percentage of a school food program’s overall spending. But situations can vary, and the School Nutrition Association said unpaid charges are a widespread issue, with debt esca2lating in places that adopted anti-lunch shaming policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Maine, officials estimate the state’s new law will have unknown but ”\u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/5c81a2660e6940598bf3de4a3dabc294\">significant\u003c/a>” costs for local districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Cranston, where the debt is at about $90,000, officials in January started using a debt collector. Michael Crudale of Cranston Public Schools said simply getting a letter from a collection agency can sometimes get families to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They feel like it’s been turned up a notch,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said credit scores aren’t affected, but that letters are sent every 30 days until the school year ends. At that point, Crudale said the district eats the cost and the debt is erased.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "What's So Great About Bay Area Coffee, Anyway?",
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"content": "\u003cp>[aside postID='bayareabites_130682,bayareabites_125102,bayareabites_60709' label='Sip on This']\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Cover photo by \u003ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/Y3AqmbmtLQI?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\">Nathan Dumlao\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\">Unsplash\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I remember the day I moved to the Bay Area. I had coffee at a small shop in Oakland — the sun was shining, folks from the neighborhood were milling about with their kids, and a woman with a comically small Pomeranian, one that you might expect has its own Instagram account, kept the café crowd entertained by throwing a bouncy ball around the store, prompting the dog to run and chase the ball around the room. It was some sort of magic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, after living in and leaving the Bay Area, I keep coming back to the reasons why its coffee community is unlike any other. Although experiences like the one I shared perhaps aren’t unique to any one city, there are a number of factors that make the coffee industry and its people in the Bay Area truly special.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Place to be a Coffee Professional\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area is a breeding ground for coffee professionals — not just the baristas who are picking up shifts to fill in gaps in their schoolwork or to supplement a second job, but folks who truly love their craft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My first day in the Bay Area, I woke up off my friend’s couch in Oakland and hiked over to the \u003ca href=\"https://uvfm.org/temescal-sunday\">Temescal Farmers’ Market,\u003c/a>” shares Evan Gilman, Creative Director for \u003ca href=\"https://royalcoffee.com/\">Royal Coffee\u003c/a>, an importer based in Oakland, and its specialty coffee branch, \u003ca href=\"https://royalcoffee.com/the-crown/\">The Crown\u003c/a>. Eventually, Gilman ended up at \u003ca href=\"https://bluebottlecoffee.com/\">Blue Bottle\u003c/a>, an early tenant of the Temescal Farmers’ Market, and there he connected with a number of folks who started their careers at Blue Bottle and never stopped their journey through coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133287\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133287\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"evan gilman pouring coffee beans\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Evan Gilman, Creative Director for Royal Coffee, remembers his early days in the coffee industry, and has seen colleagues he started out with advance and create meaningful careers. \u003ccite>(by Hiền Nguyễn)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The people I met and worked with went on to do admirable, incredible, amazing things. Blue Bottle was chock full of talented coffee people, and really drew the best people into the fold. I was fortunate enough to train some of them,” Gilman says. “James Parrish now has \u003ca href=\"https://rhetoric-coffee.myshopify.com/\">Rhetoric Coffee\u003c/a> and works at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.corocoffee.com/\">CoRo Coffee Room\u003c/a> as the manager. I recently traveled with Alicia Adams, who now works as the Green Buyer for \u003ca href=\"https://www.redbaycoffee.com/\">Red Bay Coffee\u003c/a>. I work with Sandra Loofbourow, Ruthie Knudsen, and Jen Apodaca here at The Crown, and I worked with them all at Blue Bottle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he knows that list only scratches the surface: “sorry if I’m forgetting anyone!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gilman, like many coffee pros who look to expand their careers in the Bay, works for an importer bringing in green coffee, or coffee before it’s roasted, from all over the world. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.portofoakland.com/\">Port of Oakland\u003c/a> is one of the main ports for green coffee, meaning that a number of importers call Oakland home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133288\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133288\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-800x976.jpeg\" alt=\"rj joseph red fox wall photo\" width=\"800\" height=\"976\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-800x976.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-160x195.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-768x937.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-1020x1244.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-984x1200.jpeg 984w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">RJ Joseph is a lab technician and content writer for Red Fox Coffee Merchants. Her and her wife, Ellan, moved to the Bay Area for better coffee opportunities. \u003ccite>(Jenn Chen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What I think makes coffee in the Bay special is the diverse array of coffee professionals and businesses in the region,” says RJ Joseph, Lab Technician for \u003ca href=\"http://www.redfoxcoffeemerchants.com/\">Red Fox Coffee Merchants\u003c/a> and freelance journalist. “Countless studies show that the more diversity teams have, the better they perform, and in the Bay Area, this couldn't be more true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Creating Equitable Communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Along with writing and working for Red Fox, Joseph is also involved with local coffee organizations, and started Queer Cup with her wife, Ellan Kline, to address issues facing the queer coffee community in the Bay Area. “In particular, the community organizers who have taken the time to make the community what it is today are from diverse backgrounds and bring diverse unique perspectives to the table.” Kline says. “Even as the vast majority of coffee workers in the Bay Area (especially in positions of power) are white, the people from marginalized identities work hard to create and grow alternative space and uplift others, and I think that has a cumulative effect of making this a stronger space as a whole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Folks like Joseph and Kline came to the Bay Area specifically because of the opportunities to learn and expand their coffee careers. Kline is the Head of Retail Training for \u003ca href=\"https://www.ritualroasters.com/\">Ritual Coffee Roasters\u003c/a>, which means she works with new and seasoned baristas to hone their skills over Ritual’s six retail locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133289\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133289\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"rj pouring cupping photo\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joseph, pictured here conducting a cupping, or a formal coffee tasting, notes the variety of jobs available to people who want to make their career in coffee. However, she also notes the pitfalls—primarily wages and a lack of diversity. \u003ccite>(Christy Duggan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I came to The Bay because, with the concentration of great cafes and roasters, it represented the possibility to create a career in coffee as a barista while still providing opportunities to advance that career,” Kline notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The diversity of both businesses and individuals in the Bay Area means that the coffee community is robust. “I think having so many different types of companies based here (nonprofits to importers to cafes) offers us a chance to have more nuanced conversations and diverse events,” says Jenn Chen, a \u003ca href=\"https://jennchen.com/\">coffee marketer\u003c/a> based in San Francisco, “We don’t have only baristas on a panel. We’re likely to see an event with a producer in the same month as an event with a co-roasting organization. I love this variety and this constant desire among all of us to learn more about the industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these opportunities are enriching for coffee professionals, folks are starting to extend their hands out to customers as more and more events become available to the general public. “The Royal Crown [Royal Coffee’s retail and education space] just opened up, and they will be hosting a lot of great classes. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sweetmarias.com/\">Sweet Maria’s\u003c/a> also does classes and events in their education space, and of course, there’s a \u003ca href=\"https://counterculturecoffee.com/\">Counter Culture\u003c/a> training center in Emeryville,” notes Umeko Motoyoshi, CEO of \u003ca href=\"https://umeshiso.com/\">umeshiso.com\u003c/a>, which sells coffee gear to coffee pros and enthusiasts alike. Places like Counter Culture and Royal Crown do trainings on things like latte art, how to brew better coffee at home, and often host public coffee tastings open to anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133286\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133286\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"cupping with mokhtar\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At The Crown, both coffee pros and home brewers can learn about the ins and outs of brewing, and participate in special events, like this cupping with Mokhtar Alkhanshali, a coffee importer from Yemen and subject of the newest Dave Eggers' book, The Monk of Mokha. \u003ccite>(Mokhtar Alkhanshali)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s a really nice thing to see, especially with Oakland being a historic port town. The more coffee education, the better I think — especially since these classes are almost all open to the public. It helps to deepen the public’s understanding of why specialty coffee costs more, which is always a great thing,” says Motoyoshi.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Room To Grow\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As knowledge rich as the community is, there are still concerns. Increasing rents threaten the livelihood of most coffee professionals — many who are baristas — and they can’t afford to keep up with the continuing rising cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many companies aren't able to pay enough to make ends meet and retain talent, and hardly anyone on the labor side makes a living wage,” Joseph shares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the ever-increasing costs of living and operating continually accelerating ahead of wage raises, less and less coffee people are able to make it here for a significant amount of time,” Kline explains.. Many baristas have to work two jobs to make ends meet, but most still find the time to work with and engage in local community events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Kline is hopeful that the Bay Area can set an example for how coffee pros can live a balanced life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One inspiring thing about that shift is that the sense of community is shifting from folks who are continually hustling, effectively working huge amounts of overtime for no pay in order to build community, towards folks who have stronger, healthier boundaries between work and the rest of their lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Cover photo by \u003ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/photos/Y3AqmbmtLQI?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\">Nathan Dumlao\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://unsplash.com/?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText\">Unsplash\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I remember the day I moved to the Bay Area. I had coffee at a small shop in Oakland — the sun was shining, folks from the neighborhood were milling about with their kids, and a woman with a comically small Pomeranian, one that you might expect has its own Instagram account, kept the café crowd entertained by throwing a bouncy ball around the store, prompting the dog to run and chase the ball around the room. It was some sort of magic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, after living in and leaving the Bay Area, I keep coming back to the reasons why its coffee community is unlike any other. Although experiences like the one I shared perhaps aren’t unique to any one city, there are a number of factors that make the coffee industry and its people in the Bay Area truly special.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Place to be a Coffee Professional\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area is a breeding ground for coffee professionals — not just the baristas who are picking up shifts to fill in gaps in their schoolwork or to supplement a second job, but folks who truly love their craft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My first day in the Bay Area, I woke up off my friend’s couch in Oakland and hiked over to the \u003ca href=\"https://uvfm.org/temescal-sunday\">Temescal Farmers’ Market,\u003c/a>” shares Evan Gilman, Creative Director for \u003ca href=\"https://royalcoffee.com/\">Royal Coffee\u003c/a>, an importer based in Oakland, and its specialty coffee branch, \u003ca href=\"https://royalcoffee.com/the-crown/\">The Crown\u003c/a>. Eventually, Gilman ended up at \u003ca href=\"https://bluebottlecoffee.com/\">Blue Bottle\u003c/a>, an early tenant of the Temescal Farmers’ Market, and there he connected with a number of folks who started their careers at Blue Bottle and never stopped their journey through coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133287\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133287\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"evan gilman pouring coffee beans\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic5.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Evan Gilman, Creative Director for Royal Coffee, remembers his early days in the coffee industry, and has seen colleagues he started out with advance and create meaningful careers. \u003ccite>(by Hiền Nguyễn)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The people I met and worked with went on to do admirable, incredible, amazing things. Blue Bottle was chock full of talented coffee people, and really drew the best people into the fold. I was fortunate enough to train some of them,” Gilman says. “James Parrish now has \u003ca href=\"https://rhetoric-coffee.myshopify.com/\">Rhetoric Coffee\u003c/a> and works at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.corocoffee.com/\">CoRo Coffee Room\u003c/a> as the manager. I recently traveled with Alicia Adams, who now works as the Green Buyer for \u003ca href=\"https://www.redbaycoffee.com/\">Red Bay Coffee\u003c/a>. I work with Sandra Loofbourow, Ruthie Knudsen, and Jen Apodaca here at The Crown, and I worked with them all at Blue Bottle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he knows that list only scratches the surface: “sorry if I’m forgetting anyone!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gilman, like many coffee pros who look to expand their careers in the Bay, works for an importer bringing in green coffee, or coffee before it’s roasted, from all over the world. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.portofoakland.com/\">Port of Oakland\u003c/a> is one of the main ports for green coffee, meaning that a number of importers call Oakland home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133288\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133288\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-800x976.jpeg\" alt=\"rj joseph red fox wall photo\" width=\"800\" height=\"976\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-800x976.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-160x195.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-768x937.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-1020x1244.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/52E0C7D8-50CD-46C0-9F55-257D07D36D44-984x1200.jpeg 984w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">RJ Joseph is a lab technician and content writer for Red Fox Coffee Merchants. Her and her wife, Ellan, moved to the Bay Area for better coffee opportunities. \u003ccite>(Jenn Chen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What I think makes coffee in the Bay special is the diverse array of coffee professionals and businesses in the region,” says RJ Joseph, Lab Technician for \u003ca href=\"http://www.redfoxcoffeemerchants.com/\">Red Fox Coffee Merchants\u003c/a> and freelance journalist. “Countless studies show that the more diversity teams have, the better they perform, and in the Bay Area, this couldn't be more true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Creating Equitable Communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Along with writing and working for Red Fox, Joseph is also involved with local coffee organizations, and started Queer Cup with her wife, Ellan Kline, to address issues facing the queer coffee community in the Bay Area. “In particular, the community organizers who have taken the time to make the community what it is today are from diverse backgrounds and bring diverse unique perspectives to the table.” Kline says. “Even as the vast majority of coffee workers in the Bay Area (especially in positions of power) are white, the people from marginalized identities work hard to create and grow alternative space and uplift others, and I think that has a cumulative effect of making this a stronger space as a whole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Folks like Joseph and Kline came to the Bay Area specifically because of the opportunities to learn and expand their coffee careers. Kline is the Head of Retail Training for \u003ca href=\"https://www.ritualroasters.com/\">Ritual Coffee Roasters\u003c/a>, which means she works with new and seasoned baristas to hone their skills over Ritual’s six retail locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133289\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133289\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"rj pouring cupping photo\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/rj-pouring-cupping-photo.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joseph, pictured here conducting a cupping, or a formal coffee tasting, notes the variety of jobs available to people who want to make their career in coffee. However, she also notes the pitfalls—primarily wages and a lack of diversity. \u003ccite>(Christy Duggan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I came to The Bay because, with the concentration of great cafes and roasters, it represented the possibility to create a career in coffee as a barista while still providing opportunities to advance that career,” Kline notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The diversity of both businesses and individuals in the Bay Area means that the coffee community is robust. “I think having so many different types of companies based here (nonprofits to importers to cafes) offers us a chance to have more nuanced conversations and diverse events,” says Jenn Chen, a \u003ca href=\"https://jennchen.com/\">coffee marketer\u003c/a> based in San Francisco, “We don’t have only baristas on a panel. We’re likely to see an event with a producer in the same month as an event with a co-roasting organization. I love this variety and this constant desire among all of us to learn more about the industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these opportunities are enriching for coffee professionals, folks are starting to extend their hands out to customers as more and more events become available to the general public. “The Royal Crown [Royal Coffee’s retail and education space] just opened up, and they will be hosting a lot of great classes. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sweetmarias.com/\">Sweet Maria’s\u003c/a> also does classes and events in their education space, and of course, there’s a \u003ca href=\"https://counterculturecoffee.com/\">Counter Culture\u003c/a> training center in Emeryville,” notes Umeko Motoyoshi, CEO of \u003ca href=\"https://umeshiso.com/\">umeshiso.com\u003c/a>, which sells coffee gear to coffee pros and enthusiasts alike. Places like Counter Culture and Royal Crown do trainings on things like latte art, how to brew better coffee at home, and often host public coffee tastings open to anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133286\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-133286\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"cupping with mokhtar\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/pic2.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At The Crown, both coffee pros and home brewers can learn about the ins and outs of brewing, and participate in special events, like this cupping with Mokhtar Alkhanshali, a coffee importer from Yemen and subject of the newest Dave Eggers' book, The Monk of Mokha. \u003ccite>(Mokhtar Alkhanshali)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s a really nice thing to see, especially with Oakland being a historic port town. The more coffee education, the better I think — especially since these classes are almost all open to the public. It helps to deepen the public’s understanding of why specialty coffee costs more, which is always a great thing,” says Motoyoshi.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Room To Grow\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As knowledge rich as the community is, there are still concerns. Increasing rents threaten the livelihood of most coffee professionals — many who are baristas — and they can’t afford to keep up with the continuing rising cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many companies aren't able to pay enough to make ends meet and retain talent, and hardly anyone on the labor side makes a living wage,” Joseph shares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the ever-increasing costs of living and operating continually accelerating ahead of wage raises, less and less coffee people are able to make it here for a significant amount of time,” Kline explains.. Many baristas have to work two jobs to make ends meet, but most still find the time to work with and engage in local community events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Kline is hopeful that the Bay Area can set an example for how coffee pros can live a balanced life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Are Plastic Bag Bans Garbage?",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Editor's note:\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cem> This is an excerpt of Planet Money's newsletter. You can \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=0f58426c20711c96eb86962aa75f80d116a3dbe482b720309a0cfc7e38ea8c236c54255f4ce3e0281ef7d857a5b06cc77cc907a188052e76\">\u003cem>sign up here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[aside postID=\"lowdown_29456,bayareabites_132936\" label=\"More Info About Plastics\"]\u003cbr>\nIt was only about \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595f090eebf6b5b8677328b4160fa6c148256dee3a62fd75f97e141d7e9fdf2bdb9dcd7a701a47e920440c9b9defc150d9f\">40 years ago\u003c/a> that plastic bags became standard at U.S. grocery stores. This also made them standard in sewers, landfills, rivers and \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc095955ff14c30247bc135c72429f9b517947e287896f1eb36fdedbbe319afebc711e5a3a1f3f66cd951c3a2f8b5d915836425\">the Great Pacific Garbage Patch\u003c/a>. They clog drains and cause floods, litter landscapes and kill wildlife. The national movement to get rid of them is gaining steam — with \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595d0c737c7dc6c8e81882bfec1511b24d6e8f9ecbbb07fe99934c10907de22053de7b14b6936a0c21039a1380347958161\">more than 240 cities and counties\u003c/a> passing laws that ban or tax them since 2007. \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595c037fb4b66cd3cfa972ccadf1bd1040b6d42896c75f5ac763efda9caecd83cdcd01134bd8bc1f797599191683c0774d6\">New York\u003c/a> recently became the second U.S. state to ban them. But these bans may be hurting the environment more than helping it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of Sydney economist Rebecca Taylor started studying bag regulations because it seemed as though every time she moved for a new job — from Washington, D.C., to California, to Australia — bag restrictions were implemented shortly after. \"Yeah, these policies might be following me,\" she jokes. Taylor \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc0959585a9885c922bffd84687da04c992a51c68ef688dc70d231b0ef7c79b639e77b918c9fec52af5a407b36305c8ae9d9145\">recently published\u003c/a> a study of bag regulations in California. It's a classic tale of unintended consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Paper or plastic?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before California banned plastic shopping bags statewide in late 2016, a wave of \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc095958c514da571b7b53f3d2c5c1e4b74ded2c17c1e7d920323852a7d0ca168fcd9faf449bc07f86f58c92142dcae2c8ca4d6\">139 Californian cities and counties\u003c/a> implemented the policy themselves. Taylor and colleagues compared bag use in cities with bans to those without them. For six months, they spent weekends in grocery stores tallying the types of bags people carried out (she admits these weren't her wildest weekends). She also analyzed these stores' sales data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor found these bag bans did what they were supposed to do. People in the cities with the bans used fewer plastic bags, which led to about 40 million fewer pounds of plastic trash per year. But people who used to reuse their shopping bags for other purposes, like picking up dog poop or lining trash bins, still needed bags. \"What I found was that sales of garbage bags actually skyrocketed after plastic grocery bags were banned,\" she says. This was particularly the case for small, 4-gallon bags, which saw a 120 percent increase in sales after bans went into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Trash Bag Sales Jumped After Grocery Bag Bans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/Trash-Bag-Sales-Jumped-After-Grocery-Bag-Bans-e1554827044116.png\" alt=\"Source: Taylor, 2019, “Bag leakage: The effect of disposable carryout bag regulations on unregulated bags.” Researcher’s own analyses calculated based in part on data from The Nielsen Co. (US) LLC and marketing databases provided through the Nielsen Datasets at the Kilts Center for Marketing Data Center at The University of Chicago Booth School of Business. The conclusions drawn from the Nielsen data are those of the researcher and do not reflect the views of Nielsen. Nielsen is not responsible for, had no role in, and was not involved in analyzing and preparing the results reported herein.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1079\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133315\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Taylor, 2019, “Bag leakage: The effect of disposable carryout bag regulations on unregulated bags.” Researcher’s own analyses calculated based in part on data from The Nielsen Co. (US) LLC and marketing databases provided through the Nielsen Datasets at the Kilts Center for Marketing Data Center at The University of Chicago Booth School of Business. The conclusions drawn from the Nielsen data are those of the researcher and do not reflect the views of Nielsen. Nielsen is not responsible for, had no role in, and was not involved in analyzing and preparing the results reported herein. \u003ccite>(Koko Nakajima and Alyson Hurt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/pm-plastic-bags-20190405?mode=childlink&utm_source=nprnews&utm_medium=app&utm_campaign=storyredirect\">\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Don't see the graphic above? Click here.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trash bags are thick and use more plastic than typical shopping bags. \"So about 30 percent of the plastic that was eliminated by the ban comes back in the form of thicker garbage bags,\" Taylor says. On top of that, cities that banned plastic bags saw a surge in the use of paper bags, which she estimates resulted in about 80 million pounds of extra paper trash per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plastic haters, it's time to brace yourselves. A \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc0959588e107f0dd2207a44cbbdc612ae8881a1e90f3e3653e87bb42fab1b8d02e71dfb416cbcc2a7fef7b31ad98fab4575785\">bunch\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595b958d40e8bf45ade43c3abeb7a03e6ad5750e3e4a858c1e64d14ea15f6ea80783d4f5e64027b18176e23d30bf26da78a\">of\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595878ccef3b3490cc049ee41812ef5c4aae26ee82a368fd2480d7a85a21fdc1cc4b7db8e0141ae27c1a946e113e74419ea\">studies\u003c/a> find that paper bags are actually worse for the environment. They require cutting down and processing trees, which involves lots of water, toxic chemicals, fuel and heavy machinery. While paper is biodegradable and avoids some of the problems of plastic, Taylor says, the huge increase of paper, together with the uptick in plastic trash bags, means banning plastic shopping bags increases greenhouse gas emissions. That said, these bans do reduce nonbiodegradable litter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Are tote bags killing us?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>What about reusable cloth bags? We know die-hard public radio fans love them! They've got to be great, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope. They can be even worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc095959e202c8a5f6b81128b8dc59def3bf06cd51a07ef176319b33119075d17d659c296b95b18fa673641132a8dcd9dfaacc4\">2011 study\u003c/a> by the U.K. government found a person would have to reuse their cotton tote bag 131 times before it was better for climate change than using a plastic grocery bag once. The Danish government recently did \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595e0325dd395fd7be3b711c8bb1224a6723ab95153d26abdbd7606758f1b736d8036338ca82f56b0f7c9191544d8bdcb51\">a study\u003c/a> that took into account environmental impacts beyond simply greenhouse gas emissions, including water use, damage to ecosystems and air pollution. These factors make cloth bags even worse. They estimate you would have to use an organic cotton bag \u003cem>20,000 times\u003c/em> more than a plastic grocery bag to make using it better for the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the Danish government's estimate doesn't take into account the effects of bags littering land and sea, where plastic is clearly the worst offender.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Stop depressing me. What should we do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The most environment-friendly way to carry groceries is to use the same bag over and over again. According to the Danish study, the best reusable ones are made from polyester or plastics like polypropylene. Those still have to be used dozens and dozens of times to be greener than plastic grocery bags, which have \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc095950476b0a8d5dd9b42f48813059c745045465075066f86e6c385be89af362ef0f57317053a3191765a5ecb49c42528925c\">the smallest carbon footprint\u003c/a> for a single use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for bag policies, Taylor says a fee is smarter than a ban. She has \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595ad5ff265b7133522d269b211af71322ab9613e6dbc8429036f6d146e847f31fe437c95125ec810b25aa538dbb68f6fbe\">a second paper\u003c/a> showing a small fee for bags is just as effective as a ban when it comes to encouraging use of reusable bags. But a fee offers flexibility for people who reuse plastic bags for garbage disposal or dog walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor believes the recent legislation passed in New York is a bad version of the policy. It bans only plastic bags and gives free rein to using paper ones (\u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595b933a02378175fe2cff042f510b693b5692697e5f185f6679d64063408f84e7d17de604b2074f04ef3709b50f399c7e1\">counties have the option\u003c/a> to impose a 5-cent fee on them). Taylor is concerned this will drive up paper use. The best policy, Taylor says, imposes a fee on both paper and plastic bags and encourages reuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This bag research makes public radio's love for tote bags awkward, doesn't it? It might be weird though if we started giving out plastic grocery bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2019/04/09/711181385/are-plastic-bag-bans-garbage\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A national movement to ban plastic bags is gaining steam, but these restrictions may actually hurt the environment more than help it. Human nature, hard truths, and what kind of bag to use anyway?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nIt was only about \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595f090eebf6b5b8677328b4160fa6c148256dee3a62fd75f97e141d7e9fdf2bdb9dcd7a701a47e920440c9b9defc150d9f\">40 years ago\u003c/a> that plastic bags became standard at U.S. grocery stores. This also made them standard in sewers, landfills, rivers and \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc095955ff14c30247bc135c72429f9b517947e287896f1eb36fdedbbe319afebc711e5a3a1f3f66cd951c3a2f8b5d915836425\">the Great Pacific Garbage Patch\u003c/a>. They clog drains and cause floods, litter landscapes and kill wildlife. The national movement to get rid of them is gaining steam — with \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595d0c737c7dc6c8e81882bfec1511b24d6e8f9ecbbb07fe99934c10907de22053de7b14b6936a0c21039a1380347958161\">more than 240 cities and counties\u003c/a> passing laws that ban or tax them since 2007. \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595c037fb4b66cd3cfa972ccadf1bd1040b6d42896c75f5ac763efda9caecd83cdcd01134bd8bc1f797599191683c0774d6\">New York\u003c/a> recently became the second U.S. state to ban them. But these bans may be hurting the environment more than helping it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of Sydney economist Rebecca Taylor started studying bag regulations because it seemed as though every time she moved for a new job — from Washington, D.C., to California, to Australia — bag restrictions were implemented shortly after. \"Yeah, these policies might be following me,\" she jokes. Taylor \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc0959585a9885c922bffd84687da04c992a51c68ef688dc70d231b0ef7c79b639e77b918c9fec52af5a407b36305c8ae9d9145\">recently published\u003c/a> a study of bag regulations in California. It's a classic tale of unintended consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Paper or plastic?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before California banned plastic shopping bags statewide in late 2016, a wave of \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc095958c514da571b7b53f3d2c5c1e4b74ded2c17c1e7d920323852a7d0ca168fcd9faf449bc07f86f58c92142dcae2c8ca4d6\">139 Californian cities and counties\u003c/a> implemented the policy themselves. Taylor and colleagues compared bag use in cities with bans to those without them. For six months, they spent weekends in grocery stores tallying the types of bags people carried out (she admits these weren't her wildest weekends). She also analyzed these stores' sales data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor found these bag bans did what they were supposed to do. People in the cities with the bans used fewer plastic bags, which led to about 40 million fewer pounds of plastic trash per year. But people who used to reuse their shopping bags for other purposes, like picking up dog poop or lining trash bins, still needed bags. \"What I found was that sales of garbage bags actually skyrocketed after plastic grocery bags were banned,\" she says. This was particularly the case for small, 4-gallon bags, which saw a 120 percent increase in sales after bans went into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Trash Bag Sales Jumped After Grocery Bag Bans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/Trash-Bag-Sales-Jumped-After-Grocery-Bag-Bans-e1554827044116.png\" alt=\"Source: Taylor, 2019, “Bag leakage: The effect of disposable carryout bag regulations on unregulated bags.” Researcher’s own analyses calculated based in part on data from The Nielsen Co. (US) LLC and marketing databases provided through the Nielsen Datasets at the Kilts Center for Marketing Data Center at The University of Chicago Booth School of Business. The conclusions drawn from the Nielsen data are those of the researcher and do not reflect the views of Nielsen. Nielsen is not responsible for, had no role in, and was not involved in analyzing and preparing the results reported herein.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1079\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133315\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Taylor, 2019, “Bag leakage: The effect of disposable carryout bag regulations on unregulated bags.” Researcher’s own analyses calculated based in part on data from The Nielsen Co. (US) LLC and marketing databases provided through the Nielsen Datasets at the Kilts Center for Marketing Data Center at The University of Chicago Booth School of Business. The conclusions drawn from the Nielsen data are those of the researcher and do not reflect the views of Nielsen. Nielsen is not responsible for, had no role in, and was not involved in analyzing and preparing the results reported herein. \u003ccite>(Koko Nakajima and Alyson Hurt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/pm-plastic-bags-20190405?mode=childlink&utm_source=nprnews&utm_medium=app&utm_campaign=storyredirect\">\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Don't see the graphic above? Click here.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trash bags are thick and use more plastic than typical shopping bags. \"So about 30 percent of the plastic that was eliminated by the ban comes back in the form of thicker garbage bags,\" Taylor says. On top of that, cities that banned plastic bags saw a surge in the use of paper bags, which she estimates resulted in about 80 million pounds of extra paper trash per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plastic haters, it's time to brace yourselves. A \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc0959588e107f0dd2207a44cbbdc612ae8881a1e90f3e3653e87bb42fab1b8d02e71dfb416cbcc2a7fef7b31ad98fab4575785\">bunch\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595b958d40e8bf45ade43c3abeb7a03e6ad5750e3e4a858c1e64d14ea15f6ea80783d4f5e64027b18176e23d30bf26da78a\">of\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595878ccef3b3490cc049ee41812ef5c4aae26ee82a368fd2480d7a85a21fdc1cc4b7db8e0141ae27c1a946e113e74419ea\">studies\u003c/a> find that paper bags are actually worse for the environment. They require cutting down and processing trees, which involves lots of water, toxic chemicals, fuel and heavy machinery. While paper is biodegradable and avoids some of the problems of plastic, Taylor says, the huge increase of paper, together with the uptick in plastic trash bags, means banning plastic shopping bags increases greenhouse gas emissions. That said, these bans do reduce nonbiodegradable litter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Are tote bags killing us?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>What about reusable cloth bags? We know die-hard public radio fans love them! They've got to be great, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope. They can be even worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc095959e202c8a5f6b81128b8dc59def3bf06cd51a07ef176319b33119075d17d659c296b95b18fa673641132a8dcd9dfaacc4\">2011 study\u003c/a> by the U.K. government found a person would have to reuse their cotton tote bag 131 times before it was better for climate change than using a plastic grocery bag once. The Danish government recently did \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595e0325dd395fd7be3b711c8bb1224a6723ab95153d26abdbd7606758f1b736d8036338ca82f56b0f7c9191544d8bdcb51\">a study\u003c/a> that took into account environmental impacts beyond simply greenhouse gas emissions, including water use, damage to ecosystems and air pollution. These factors make cloth bags even worse. They estimate you would have to use an organic cotton bag \u003cem>20,000 times\u003c/em> more than a plastic grocery bag to make using it better for the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the Danish government's estimate doesn't take into account the effects of bags littering land and sea, where plastic is clearly the worst offender.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Stop depressing me. What should we do?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The most environment-friendly way to carry groceries is to use the same bag over and over again. According to the Danish study, the best reusable ones are made from polyester or plastics like polypropylene. Those still have to be used dozens and dozens of times to be greener than plastic grocery bags, which have \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc095950476b0a8d5dd9b42f48813059c745045465075066f86e6c385be89af362ef0f57317053a3191765a5ecb49c42528925c\">the smallest carbon footprint\u003c/a> for a single use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for bag policies, Taylor says a fee is smarter than a ban. She has \u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595ad5ff265b7133522d269b211af71322ab9613e6dbc8429036f6d146e847f31fe437c95125ec810b25aa538dbb68f6fbe\">a second paper\u003c/a> showing a small fee for bags is just as effective as a ban when it comes to encouraging use of reusable bags. But a fee offers flexibility for people who reuse plastic bags for garbage disposal or dog walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor believes the recent legislation passed in New York is a bad version of the policy. It bans only plastic bags and gives free rein to using paper ones (\u003ca href=\"http://click.et.npr.org/?qs=27fb6bddbcc09595b933a02378175fe2cff042f510b693b5692697e5f185f6679d64063408f84e7d17de604b2074f04ef3709b50f399c7e1\">counties have the option\u003c/a> to impose a 5-cent fee on them). Taylor is concerned this will drive up paper use. The best policy, Taylor says, imposes a fee on both paper and plastic bags and encourages reuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This bag research makes public radio's love for tote bags awkward, doesn't it? It might be weird though if we started giving out plastic grocery bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2019/04/09/711181385/are-plastic-bag-bans-garbage\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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