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"content": "\u003cp>On Nov. 20, 1934, a brand new symphony brought a \u003ca href=\"https://collections.carnegiehall.org/CS.aspx?VP3=SearchResult&VBID=2RRMLBE0Z296&SMLS=1&RW=1887&RH=901&RW=1598&RH=843\">Carnegie Hall\u003c/a> audience to its feet. The concert featured the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/16021984/philadelphia-orchestra\">Philadelphia Orchestra\u003c/a>, led by its star conductor \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/15459644/leopold-stokowski\">Leopold Stokowski\u003c/a>. The music was the \u003cem>Negro Folk Symphony\u003c/em>, by the 35-year-old African American composer William Dawson. He was called back to the stage several times to take bows after his symphony ended. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stokowski conducted four back-to-back performances of the piece, one of which was nationally broadcast by CBS radio. One New York critic called it “the most distinctive and promising American symphonic proclamation which has so far been achieved.” Olin Downes, writing in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>, \u003ca href=\"https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1934/11/21/101513372.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0\">noted\u003c/a>: “This music has dramatic feeling, a racial sensuousness and directness of melodic speech.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immediate success should have made Dawson a household name and buoyed him to write more symphonic works. But after just a handful of performances over the next 18 months, the symphony inexplicably dropped off the radar, and Dawson never wrote another. After decades of neglect, a new recording of the \u003cem>Negro Folk Symphony\u003c/em> has finally been released this week, performed by the ORF Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jv76C8-cXd4&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three-movement piece is emotionally charged and rigorously constructed. Dawson said he wasn’t out to imitate Beethoven or Brahms, but wanted those who heard it to know that it was “unmistakably not the work of a white man.” He found inspiration for the piece in traditional spirituals, which he preferred to call “Negro folk-music.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The themes are taken from what are popularly known as Negro Spirituals,” Dawson wrote for the program notes of the Carnegie Hall performance. “In this composition, the composer has employed three themes taken from typical melodies over which he has brooded since childhood, having learned them at his mother’s knee.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-society-for-american-music/article/whatever-happened-to-william-dawsons-negro-folk-symphony/AC26FD837CD5DB2EC63B5872C423454D\">article\u003c/a> published in the \u003cem>Journal of the Society for American Music\u003c/em>, Gwynne Kuhner Brown, professor of Music History and Music Theory at the University of Puget Sound, notes that Dawson didn’t simply build his symphony by quoting singable melodies from spirituals. “The themes are handled with such virtuosic flexibility of rhythm and timbre that each movement seems to evolve organically,” she writes, adding that Dawson offers a “persuasive musical bridge between the ‘Negro Folk’ and the ‘Symphony.'” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>William Levi Dawson was born in 1899, in Alabama. At age 13, he ran away from home to the Tuskegee Institute, where he studied music, wrote his first pieces and graduated in 1921. Ten years later, after earning a master’s degree, he returned to the historically Black institution to launch its music school, while making its choir internationally famous, singing his arrangements of spirituals. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/51rIXqGxLOk\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heart of Dawson’s symphony is its central movement, titled “Hope in the Night,” which is not based on a spiritual. After three soft strokes of a gong, Dawson gives a plaintive melody to a lone English horn soaring over a lumbering, march-like beat in plucked strings. Dawson described it as an “atmosphere of the humdrum life of a people whose bodies were baked by the sun and lashed with the whip for two hundred and fifty years; whose lives were proscribed before they were born.” In a dramatic moment later in the movement, Dawson lets the entire orchestra take over the theme. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>Negro Folk Symphony\u003c/em> was Dawson’s first and last. Stokowski \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXDNHwFsmrE\">recorded\u003c/a> the piece in 1963 after Dawson made a trip to Africa and revised the music, and the Detroit Symphony recorded it in 1992. But since then, nothing. The problem in part, was the score: There were never enough copies of it available to meet the early demand, and some say it could stand a careful editing and republication. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new recording, while lacking some of the visceral immediacy of Stokowski’s, has plenty of elegance and fire. Arthur Fagen deftly conducts the orchestra, and to his credit also includes two exemplary works by Ulysses Kay — another African American, slightly younger than Dawson, but more prolific. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kay’s music, too, deserves to be heard more. His\u003cem> Fantasy Variations\u003c/em>, from 1963, is brilliantly orchestrated and deceptive. Instead of starting with the theme and spinning off variations, Kay does the opposite, offering his big reveal at the end. His \u003cem>Umbrian Scene\u003c/em>, written under the spell of his days in Italy after winning the prestigious Prix de Rome Prize twice, presents Kay at his tranquil best. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of questions these days about diversity and what American orchestras should and shouldn’t be performing. An engaging album like this, with arresting music by two fine American composers, offers some answers. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Someone+Finally+Remembered+William+Dawson%27s+%27Negro+Folk+Symphony%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Nov. 20, 1934, a brand new symphony brought a \u003ca href=\"https://collections.carnegiehall.org/CS.aspx?VP3=SearchResult&VBID=2RRMLBE0Z296&SMLS=1&RW=1887&RH=901&RW=1598&RH=843\">Carnegie Hall\u003c/a> audience to its feet. The concert featured the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/16021984/philadelphia-orchestra\">Philadelphia Orchestra\u003c/a>, led by its star conductor \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/15459644/leopold-stokowski\">Leopold Stokowski\u003c/a>. The music was the \u003cem>Negro Folk Symphony\u003c/em>, by the 35-year-old African American composer William Dawson. He was called back to the stage several times to take bows after his symphony ended. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stokowski conducted four back-to-back performances of the piece, one of which was nationally broadcast by CBS radio. One New York critic called it “the most distinctive and promising American symphonic proclamation which has so far been achieved.” Olin Downes, writing in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>, \u003ca href=\"https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1934/11/21/101513372.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0\">noted\u003c/a>: “This music has dramatic feeling, a racial sensuousness and directness of melodic speech.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immediate success should have made Dawson a household name and buoyed him to write more symphonic works. But after just a handful of performances over the next 18 months, the symphony inexplicably dropped off the radar, and Dawson never wrote another. After decades of neglect, a new recording of the \u003cem>Negro Folk Symphony\u003c/em> has finally been released this week, performed by the ORF Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/jv76C8-cXd4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/jv76C8-cXd4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The three-movement piece is emotionally charged and rigorously constructed. Dawson said he wasn’t out to imitate Beethoven or Brahms, but wanted those who heard it to know that it was “unmistakably not the work of a white man.” He found inspiration for the piece in traditional spirituals, which he preferred to call “Negro folk-music.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The themes are taken from what are popularly known as Negro Spirituals,” Dawson wrote for the program notes of the Carnegie Hall performance. “In this composition, the composer has employed three themes taken from typical melodies over which he has brooded since childhood, having learned them at his mother’s knee.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-society-for-american-music/article/whatever-happened-to-william-dawsons-negro-folk-symphony/AC26FD837CD5DB2EC63B5872C423454D\">article\u003c/a> published in the \u003cem>Journal of the Society for American Music\u003c/em>, Gwynne Kuhner Brown, professor of Music History and Music Theory at the University of Puget Sound, notes that Dawson didn’t simply build his symphony by quoting singable melodies from spirituals. “The themes are handled with such virtuosic flexibility of rhythm and timbre that each movement seems to evolve organically,” she writes, adding that Dawson offers a “persuasive musical bridge between the ‘Negro Folk’ and the ‘Symphony.'” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>William Levi Dawson was born in 1899, in Alabama. At age 13, he ran away from home to the Tuskegee Institute, where he studied music, wrote his first pieces and graduated in 1921. Ten years later, after earning a master’s degree, he returned to the historically Black institution to launch its music school, while making its choir internationally famous, singing his arrangements of spirituals. \u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/51rIXqGxLOk'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/51rIXqGxLOk'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The heart of Dawson’s symphony is its central movement, titled “Hope in the Night,” which is not based on a spiritual. After three soft strokes of a gong, Dawson gives a plaintive melody to a lone English horn soaring over a lumbering, march-like beat in plucked strings. Dawson described it as an “atmosphere of the humdrum life of a people whose bodies were baked by the sun and lashed with the whip for two hundred and fifty years; whose lives were proscribed before they were born.” In a dramatic moment later in the movement, Dawson lets the entire orchestra take over the theme. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>Negro Folk Symphony\u003c/em> was Dawson’s first and last. Stokowski \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXDNHwFsmrE\">recorded\u003c/a> the piece in 1963 after Dawson made a trip to Africa and revised the music, and the Detroit Symphony recorded it in 1992. But since then, nothing. The problem in part, was the score: There were never enough copies of it available to meet the early demand, and some say it could stand a careful editing and republication. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new recording, while lacking some of the visceral immediacy of Stokowski’s, has plenty of elegance and fire. Arthur Fagen deftly conducts the orchestra, and to his credit also includes two exemplary works by Ulysses Kay — another African American, slightly younger than Dawson, but more prolific. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kay’s music, too, deserves to be heard more. His\u003cem> Fantasy Variations\u003c/em>, from 1963, is brilliantly orchestrated and deceptive. Instead of starting with the theme and spinning off variations, Kay does the opposite, offering his big reveal at the end. His \u003cem>Umbrian Scene\u003c/em>, written under the spell of his days in Italy after winning the prestigious Prix de Rome Prize twice, presents Kay at his tranquil best. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of questions these days about diversity and what American orchestras should and shouldn’t be performing. An engaging album like this, with arresting music by two fine American composers, offers some answers. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Someone+Finally+Remembered+William+Dawson%27s+%27Negro+Folk+Symphony%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On May 29, 1854, a 26-year-old woman opened the doors to her Sacramento home and invited 14 students inside. This simple act — in a humble house on Second Street — established the first private school for African American children in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From these scrappy beginnings, teacher Elizabeth Thorn Scott Flood would go on to change education in Northern California forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13916612']By the time she opened that first school in Sacramento, Elizabeth had already proven herself incredibly resilient. Two years earlier, she had left New Bedford, Massachusetts, traveling by ship across the Isthmus of Panama and onto California, so that her husband Joseph Scott — then a mariner — could become a gold miner. Soon after they had settled in the rowdy mining community of Hangtown (now Placerville), Joseph died suddenly, leaving Elizabeth alone with their infant son, Oliver. Understanding that Hangtown was not a safe environment for a single mom, she soon made the move to Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth’s quick thinking soon came into play once again, after Oliver was refused entry to the local public school based on the color of his skin. After talking with her equally frustrated neighbors, Elizabeth’s determination to open a school grew beyond the necessity of educating her own child and toward bettering the lives of her entire community. Some of her first 14 students were adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within three months of opening her home this way, Elizabeth was in need of a larger classroom; children of Asian and Native American descent also wanted to enroll. So she moved classes into the basements of the Siloam Baptist Chapel, and to St. Andrew’s Methodist Episcopal Church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within a year, the Sacramento School Board accepted Elizabeth’s school into the official school district, making Elizabeth’s the first African American public school in Sacramento. However, the Board also refused to provide her with any funding, following the example of the rest of the state. (Although the \u003ca href=\"http://authortalk.org/index.php?category=blog&page=blog\">California Constitutional Convention\u003c/a> had introduced a tax fund for state schools in 1849, local school boards routinely granted funding to white schools only.) As such, Elizabeth’s students agreed to pay tuition of one dollar per week to keep her doors open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Elizabeth herself kept involved in civic matters beyond her school. St. Andrew’s hosted California’s first State Convention of Colored Citizens in November 1855. The convention’s primary concerns were voting and housing rights, civil rights protections and access to education. Elizabeth was in attendance, as were 49 delegates from 10 California counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13882248\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 307px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13882248\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-3.25.42-PM.png\" alt=\"An itinerary of proceedings for Sacramento's First State Convention of Colored Citizens.\" width=\"307\" height=\"509\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-3.25.42-PM.png 307w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-3.25.42-PM-160x265.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 307px) 100vw, 307px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An itinerary of proceedings for Sacramento’s First State Convention of Colored Citizens.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That same year, she married Isaac Flood, a man who, unlike Elizabeth, had been born into slavery. Flood had purchased his own freedom, moved to Oakland during the Gold Rush and in 1855 worked as a tradesman. At the time of their meeting, Flood was also a single parent to a young son. The merged family soon moved to the area east of Lake Merritt — then named Brooklyn. Elizabeth left her school in the capable hands of another teacher from Massachusetts, Jeremiah B. Sanderson. It was on his watch that a new schoolhouse was finally built for Sacramento’s children of color in 1855.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As one of the first African American families to settle in Oakland, the Floods made their presence felt immediately with a series of firsts. In 1857, Elizabeth turned their home into Oakland’s first private school for Black children. That same year, the couple’s first son together, George, was said to be the first Black baby born in Oakland. The next year, in 1858, the Floods helped establish \u003ca href=\"http://authortalk.org/index.php?category=blog&page=blog\">Oakland’s first Black church\u003c/a>—the First African Methodist Episcopal Church. When the church moved into a former schoolhouse, Elizabeth taught classes there, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13882260\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 890px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13882260\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM.png\" alt=\"The First African Methodist Episcopal Church has been located at 3701 Telegraph Avenue since 1954.\" width=\"890\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM.png 890w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM-160x81.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM-800x404.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM-768x388.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The First African Methodist Episcopal Church has been located at 3701 Telegraph Avenue since 1954. \u003ccite>(Google Maps)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1866, Elizabeth’s fight for better schools began to pay off. Up until then, no laws existed protecting the right of Black children to attend school. The \u003ca href=\"http://authortalk.org/index.php?category=blog&page=blog\">Revised School Law\u003c/a> required the establishment of a public school for Black students in any district with ten or more Black children that wanted to attend, or else make allowances for them to join white schools — as long as the majority of white parents didn’t object.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following year, Elizabeth’s campaign for equal education came to a tragic halt when she died suddenly at the age of 39. But her loving husband picked up the baton, later serving as secretary on the Education Committee of the Colored Citizens of California. Crucially, in 1871, he successfully petitioned the Oakland School Board to admit children of color based on the passage of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments. Finally, in 1880, integrated schools became California law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13909738']Elizabeth and Isaac’s youngest child was just five when she lost her mother—but she certainly inherited Elizabeth’s determination. Lydia Flood Jackson was one of the first children in Oakland to attend a desegregated school, and went on to be a campaigner for women’s suffrage, speaking at the 1918 California State Women’s Convention and serving on the board of the Federation of Women’s Colored Clubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Thorn Scott Flood dedicated her short life to bucking a status quo that steadfastly refused to serve her people. She understood that the best way to prevail over a system that excluded her was to work outside of it. She set good example after good example until the system decided to finally catch up. Those who remember her rightfully call her the Mother of Desegregated Education in California. The number of children’s lives she transformed is impossible to calculate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12127869\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-800x78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For stories on other Rebel Girls from Bay Area History, click \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/rebelgirls\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A book celebrating women from the Rebel Girls series, \u003ca href=\"https://citylights.com/politics-current-events-history/unsung-heroines35-women-who-changed/\">‘Unsung Heroines: 35 Women Who Changed the Bay Area,’\u003c/a> is available now from City Lights.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On May 29, 1854, a 26-year-old woman opened the doors to her Sacramento home and invited 14 students inside. This simple act — in a humble house on Second Street — established the first private school for African American children in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From these scrappy beginnings, teacher Elizabeth Thorn Scott Flood would go on to change education in Northern California forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>By the time she opened that first school in Sacramento, Elizabeth had already proven herself incredibly resilient. Two years earlier, she had left New Bedford, Massachusetts, traveling by ship across the Isthmus of Panama and onto California, so that her husband Joseph Scott — then a mariner — could become a gold miner. Soon after they had settled in the rowdy mining community of Hangtown (now Placerville), Joseph died suddenly, leaving Elizabeth alone with their infant son, Oliver. Understanding that Hangtown was not a safe environment for a single mom, she soon made the move to Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth’s quick thinking soon came into play once again, after Oliver was refused entry to the local public school based on the color of his skin. After talking with her equally frustrated neighbors, Elizabeth’s determination to open a school grew beyond the necessity of educating her own child and toward bettering the lives of her entire community. Some of her first 14 students were adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within three months of opening her home this way, Elizabeth was in need of a larger classroom; children of Asian and Native American descent also wanted to enroll. So she moved classes into the basements of the Siloam Baptist Chapel, and to St. Andrew’s Methodist Episcopal Church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within a year, the Sacramento School Board accepted Elizabeth’s school into the official school district, making Elizabeth’s the first African American public school in Sacramento. However, the Board also refused to provide her with any funding, following the example of the rest of the state. (Although the \u003ca href=\"http://authortalk.org/index.php?category=blog&page=blog\">California Constitutional Convention\u003c/a> had introduced a tax fund for state schools in 1849, local school boards routinely granted funding to white schools only.) As such, Elizabeth’s students agreed to pay tuition of one dollar per week to keep her doors open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Elizabeth herself kept involved in civic matters beyond her school. St. Andrew’s hosted California’s first State Convention of Colored Citizens in November 1855. The convention’s primary concerns were voting and housing rights, civil rights protections and access to education. Elizabeth was in attendance, as were 49 delegates from 10 California counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13882248\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 307px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13882248\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-3.25.42-PM.png\" alt=\"An itinerary of proceedings for Sacramento's First State Convention of Colored Citizens.\" width=\"307\" height=\"509\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-3.25.42-PM.png 307w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-3.25.42-PM-160x265.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 307px) 100vw, 307px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An itinerary of proceedings for Sacramento’s First State Convention of Colored Citizens.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That same year, she married Isaac Flood, a man who, unlike Elizabeth, had been born into slavery. Flood had purchased his own freedom, moved to Oakland during the Gold Rush and in 1855 worked as a tradesman. At the time of their meeting, Flood was also a single parent to a young son. The merged family soon moved to the area east of Lake Merritt — then named Brooklyn. Elizabeth left her school in the capable hands of another teacher from Massachusetts, Jeremiah B. Sanderson. It was on his watch that a new schoolhouse was finally built for Sacramento’s children of color in 1855.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As one of the first African American families to settle in Oakland, the Floods made their presence felt immediately with a series of firsts. In 1857, Elizabeth turned their home into Oakland’s first private school for Black children. That same year, the couple’s first son together, George, was said to be the first Black baby born in Oakland. The next year, in 1858, the Floods helped establish \u003ca href=\"http://authortalk.org/index.php?category=blog&page=blog\">Oakland’s first Black church\u003c/a>—the First African Methodist Episcopal Church. When the church moved into a former schoolhouse, Elizabeth taught classes there, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13882260\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 890px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13882260\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM.png\" alt=\"The First African Methodist Episcopal Church has been located at 3701 Telegraph Avenue since 1954.\" width=\"890\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM.png 890w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM-160x81.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM-800x404.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-5.24.18-PM-768x388.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The First African Methodist Episcopal Church has been located at 3701 Telegraph Avenue since 1954. \u003ccite>(Google Maps)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1866, Elizabeth’s fight for better schools began to pay off. Up until then, no laws existed protecting the right of Black children to attend school. The \u003ca href=\"http://authortalk.org/index.php?category=blog&page=blog\">Revised School Law\u003c/a> required the establishment of a public school for Black students in any district with ten or more Black children that wanted to attend, or else make allowances for them to join white schools — as long as the majority of white parents didn’t object.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following year, Elizabeth’s campaign for equal education came to a tragic halt when she died suddenly at the age of 39. But her loving husband picked up the baton, later serving as secretary on the Education Committee of the Colored Citizens of California. Crucially, in 1871, he successfully petitioned the Oakland School Board to admit children of color based on the passage of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments. Finally, in 1880, integrated schools became California law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Elizabeth and Isaac’s youngest child was just five when she lost her mother—but she certainly inherited Elizabeth’s determination. Lydia Flood Jackson was one of the first children in Oakland to attend a desegregated school, and went on to be a campaigner for women’s suffrage, speaking at the 1918 California State Women’s Convention and serving on the board of the Federation of Women’s Colored Clubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Thorn Scott Flood dedicated her short life to bucking a status quo that steadfastly refused to serve her people. She understood that the best way to prevail over a system that excluded her was to work outside of it. She set good example after good example until the system decided to finally catch up. Those who remember her rightfully call her the Mother of Desegregated Education in California. The number of children’s lives she transformed is impossible to calculate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12127869\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-800x78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For stories on other Rebel Girls from Bay Area History, click \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/rebelgirls\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A book celebrating women from the Rebel Girls series, \u003ca href=\"https://citylights.com/politics-current-events-history/unsung-heroines35-women-who-changed/\">‘Unsung Heroines: 35 Women Who Changed the Bay Area,’\u003c/a> is available now from City Lights.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As the country enters a third week of constant protests over the killing of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor and reckons with its racist structures, this year’s Juneteenth celebrations have seen increased interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11824859/juneteenth-2020-in-the-bay-area-what-to-know-where-to-go\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">annual day observing the end of slavery in the south\u003c/a>, Juneteenth falls each year on June 19. This Friday’s celebrations get underway not only during a national uprising for racial justice, but during a global pandemic. Below, find ways to honor Juneteenth at home with streamed music and art, and view a select list of outdoor celebrations happening around the Bay Area.[aside postid='news_11824859']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting by Dacia Mitchell.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Select Online Juneteenth Events on June 19\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Polar Bears, Black Boys & Prairie Fringed Orchids’\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThirty Bay Area theater companies come together for this streamed performance of Vincent Terrell Durham’s play, \u003cem>Polar Bears, Black Boys & Prairie Fringed Orchids\u003c/em>, a timely meditation on police killings of Black people and the Black Lives Matter movement. The play is presented as part of the PlayGround Zoom Fest and the Juneteenth Theatre Justice Project, a national movement spanning theaters across America. Starts at 7pm Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://playground-sf.org/juneteenth/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marcus Shelby: Juneteenth and the Blues\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCarrying on the tradition of figures like Charles Mingus and Archie Shepp, who infused jazz with politics, composer and bassist Marcus Shelby has presented jazz programs on Harriet Tubman, the Negro Leagues, the school-to-prison pipeline and more. In an hour-long Zoom presentation of live music, readings and poetry, Shelby delves into Juneteenth’s history and resonance today. Starts at 4pm Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://www.moadsf.org/event/talk-performance-juneteenth-and-the-blues-with-marcus-shelby/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13882181\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13882181\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"A still from 'Take This Hammer,' featuring James Baldwin.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A still from ‘Take This Hammer,’ featuring James Baldwin. \u003ccite>(KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Take This Hammer’\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nFilmed by KQED in 1963, \u003cem>Take This Hammer\u003c/em> follows James Baldwin around San Francisco as he speaks with young Black people and compasres the racial atmosphere in the so-called “progressive” city to the segregated south. The full director’s cut is available to stream; \u003ca href=\"https://diva.sfsu.edu/collections/sfbatv/bundles/216518\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NAACP Black Family Reunion\u003cbr>\nThe NAACP hosts a two-hour special about lives lost and personal stories from the Black community. Participants can submit their story for potential inclusion in advance. Starts at 1pm Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://naacp.org/juneteenth/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Music From Other Minds: Juneteenth\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe Other Minds radio show expands to two hours for a Juneteenth special with the music of Black American composers including Matana Roberts, Moor Mother, Ben LaMar Gay, LOAN (Tongo Eisen-Martin & Chris Peck) and more. Hosted by Liam Herb, the special starts at 10pm Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://www.otherminds.org/mfom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Harlem of the West: The San Francisco Fillmore Jazz Era\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nElizabeth Pepin Silva and Lewis Watts, authors of the book \u003cem>Harlem of the West: The San Francisco Fillmore Jazz Era\u003c/em>, discuss the neighborhood’s robust history of Black culture, which urban renewal erased in the 1960s and 1970s. Starts at noon Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/HarlemWestJune2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Select Outdoor Juneteenth Events on June 19\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oakland\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.juneteenthspt.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth West Coast Port Shutdown\u003c/a> & Caravan to Frank Ogawa Plaza – 10am\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second Annual \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBWcTrTBwMc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bike 4 Justice Rally\u003c/a> in West Oakland – 12:30pm to 4pm[aside postid='arts_13882225']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBb2gBLhIYF/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth at the Lake\u003c/a> – Meet at Alameda County Courthouse & March around Lake Merritt – 1pm to Sunset\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/balck-youth-march-people-liberation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Black Youth for the People’s Liberation\u003c/a> Protest at deFremery Park – 4pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBe819Oh0J6/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Nurses Assoc. Black Lives Matter Protest\u003c/a> – at Kaiser on Broadway – 4pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBVBduHhUUA/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Merritt Amphitheater Juneteenth Celebration\u003c/a> – 4pm to 7pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/justice-juneteenth-lakemerritt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Justice for Juneteenth \u003c/a>at Lake Merritt – 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://hueypnewtonfoundation.org/initiatives\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rally for Huey P. Newton Monument\u003c/a> with Fredrika Newton at Alameda County Courthouse – 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/funcheap/photos/p.10156909708402504/10156909708402504/?type=3&av=327396872503&eav=AfZ5kPmE0-C1VtLOp9LqpPcbLt1c78rut53h4mwMK1lSdSC28es2LLLFvjaVap3CjuA&theater\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Park Blvd. Juneteenth Protest\u003c/a> at Park Blvd. between I-580 and CA13. – 5-6pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBWu88Yhtmu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">‘Black Mass’ Juneteenth Spoken Word & Drum Circle\u003c/a> at Lake Merritt Amphitheater – 7pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/566725343925258/?event_time_id=566725350591924\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March for Freedom & Justice\u003c/a> from Ferry Building to City Hall – Noon\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/sf-caravan-protest/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Black Lives Matter Caravan Protest\u003c/a> – location TBD – 10am–1pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBRiLPwBw5h/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“Kicking for Freedom”\u003c/a> three-mile skate through SF starting at Ferry Building – 1 to 3pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://dothebay.com/events/2020/6/19/sf-qbar-juneteenth-reunion-black-queer-rally\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Rally Celebrating Black Queer Joy\u003c/a> at QBar in the Castro – 3pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBf_p41h-jd/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth Rally\u003c/a> at City Hall – 1pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/sf-peaceful-yoga-protest/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yoga Protest at Dolores Park\u003c/a> – 4pm to 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/bay-swimmers-in-solidarity/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Swimmers in Solidarity Floating Protest\u003c/a> at Aquatic Park – 5:30pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Antioch\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBe9AOJBkr5/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth Peace Walk, Arts & Music\u003c/a> from City Hall to 6th & A St. – 11am to 3pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Rosa\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBWPC7tBVV_/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth Festival \u003c/a>at Pioneer Park – Noon\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fremont\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/juneteenth-march-for-justice-fremont/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth March for Justice\u003c/a> to City Hall – 1pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Clara\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/march-for-freedom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March for Freedom Day\u003c/a> at Santa Clara University- 3pm to 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pittsburg\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBWVqluheJt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March for Justice\u003c/a> from Buchanan Park to Marina – 3pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livermore\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBcjmTdhXS1/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Black Lives Matter Protest\u003c/a> at City Hall with speeches and march to Carnegie Park – 4pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Palo Alto\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://act.sixnineteen.com/event/action/86?source=map&akid=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Defend Black Lives Protest\u003c/a> at King Plaza, City Hall – 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the country enters a third week of constant protests over the killing of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor and reckons with its racist structures, this year’s Juneteenth celebrations have seen increased interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11824859/juneteenth-2020-in-the-bay-area-what-to-know-where-to-go\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">annual day observing the end of slavery in the south\u003c/a>, Juneteenth falls each year on June 19. This Friday’s celebrations get underway not only during a national uprising for racial justice, but during a global pandemic. Below, find ways to honor Juneteenth at home with streamed music and art, and view a select list of outdoor celebrations happening around the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting by Dacia Mitchell.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Select Online Juneteenth Events on June 19\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Polar Bears, Black Boys & Prairie Fringed Orchids’\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThirty Bay Area theater companies come together for this streamed performance of Vincent Terrell Durham’s play, \u003cem>Polar Bears, Black Boys & Prairie Fringed Orchids\u003c/em>, a timely meditation on police killings of Black people and the Black Lives Matter movement. The play is presented as part of the PlayGround Zoom Fest and the Juneteenth Theatre Justice Project, a national movement spanning theaters across America. Starts at 7pm Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://playground-sf.org/juneteenth/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marcus Shelby: Juneteenth and the Blues\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCarrying on the tradition of figures like Charles Mingus and Archie Shepp, who infused jazz with politics, composer and bassist Marcus Shelby has presented jazz programs on Harriet Tubman, the Negro Leagues, the school-to-prison pipeline and more. In an hour-long Zoom presentation of live music, readings and poetry, Shelby delves into Juneteenth’s history and resonance today. Starts at 4pm Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://www.moadsf.org/event/talk-performance-juneteenth-and-the-blues-with-marcus-shelby/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13882181\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13882181\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"A still from 'Take This Hammer,' featuring James Baldwin.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Brody-TakeThisHammerBaldwin.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A still from ‘Take This Hammer,’ featuring James Baldwin. \u003ccite>(KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Take This Hammer’\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nFilmed by KQED in 1963, \u003cem>Take This Hammer\u003c/em> follows James Baldwin around San Francisco as he speaks with young Black people and compasres the racial atmosphere in the so-called “progressive” city to the segregated south. The full director’s cut is available to stream; \u003ca href=\"https://diva.sfsu.edu/collections/sfbatv/bundles/216518\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NAACP Black Family Reunion\u003cbr>\nThe NAACP hosts a two-hour special about lives lost and personal stories from the Black community. Participants can submit their story for potential inclusion in advance. Starts at 1pm Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://naacp.org/juneteenth/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Music From Other Minds: Juneteenth\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe Other Minds radio show expands to two hours for a Juneteenth special with the music of Black American composers including Matana Roberts, Moor Mother, Ben LaMar Gay, LOAN (Tongo Eisen-Martin & Chris Peck) and more. Hosted by Liam Herb, the special starts at 10pm Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://www.otherminds.org/mfom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Harlem of the West: The San Francisco Fillmore Jazz Era\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nElizabeth Pepin Silva and Lewis Watts, authors of the book \u003cem>Harlem of the West: The San Francisco Fillmore Jazz Era\u003c/em>, discuss the neighborhood’s robust history of Black culture, which urban renewal erased in the 1960s and 1970s. Starts at noon Pacific time; \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/HarlemWestJune2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Select Outdoor Juneteenth Events on June 19\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oakland\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.juneteenthspt.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth West Coast Port Shutdown\u003c/a> & Caravan to Frank Ogawa Plaza – 10am\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second Annual \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBWcTrTBwMc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bike 4 Justice Rally\u003c/a> in West Oakland – 12:30pm to 4pm\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBb2gBLhIYF/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth at the Lake\u003c/a> – Meet at Alameda County Courthouse & March around Lake Merritt – 1pm to Sunset\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/balck-youth-march-people-liberation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Black Youth for the People’s Liberation\u003c/a> Protest at deFremery Park – 4pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBe819Oh0J6/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Nurses Assoc. Black Lives Matter Protest\u003c/a> – at Kaiser on Broadway – 4pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBVBduHhUUA/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Merritt Amphitheater Juneteenth Celebration\u003c/a> – 4pm to 7pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/justice-juneteenth-lakemerritt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Justice for Juneteenth \u003c/a>at Lake Merritt – 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://hueypnewtonfoundation.org/initiatives\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rally for Huey P. Newton Monument\u003c/a> with Fredrika Newton at Alameda County Courthouse – 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/funcheap/photos/p.10156909708402504/10156909708402504/?type=3&av=327396872503&eav=AfZ5kPmE0-C1VtLOp9LqpPcbLt1c78rut53h4mwMK1lSdSC28es2LLLFvjaVap3CjuA&theater\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Park Blvd. Juneteenth Protest\u003c/a> at Park Blvd. between I-580 and CA13. – 5-6pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBWu88Yhtmu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">‘Black Mass’ Juneteenth Spoken Word & Drum Circle\u003c/a> at Lake Merritt Amphitheater – 7pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/566725343925258/?event_time_id=566725350591924\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March for Freedom & Justice\u003c/a> from Ferry Building to City Hall – Noon\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/sf-caravan-protest/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Black Lives Matter Caravan Protest\u003c/a> – location TBD – 10am–1pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBRiLPwBw5h/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“Kicking for Freedom”\u003c/a> three-mile skate through SF starting at Ferry Building – 1 to 3pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://dothebay.com/events/2020/6/19/sf-qbar-juneteenth-reunion-black-queer-rally\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Rally Celebrating Black Queer Joy\u003c/a> at QBar in the Castro – 3pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBf_p41h-jd/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth Rally\u003c/a> at City Hall – 1pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/sf-peaceful-yoga-protest/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yoga Protest at Dolores Park\u003c/a> – 4pm to 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/bay-swimmers-in-solidarity/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Swimmers in Solidarity Floating Protest\u003c/a> at Aquatic Park – 5:30pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Antioch\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBe9AOJBkr5/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth Peace Walk, Arts & Music\u003c/a> from City Hall to 6th & A St. – 11am to 3pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Rosa\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBWPC7tBVV_/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth Festival \u003c/a>at Pioneer Park – Noon\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fremont\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/juneteenth-march-for-justice-fremont/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Juneteenth March for Justice\u003c/a> to City Hall – 1pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Santa Clara\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/march-for-freedom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March for Freedom Day\u003c/a> at Santa Clara University- 3pm to 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pittsburg\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBWVqluheJt/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">March for Justice\u003c/a> from Buchanan Park to Marina – 3pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livermore\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CBcjmTdhXS1/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Black Lives Matter Protest\u003c/a> at City Hall with speeches and march to Carnegie Park – 4pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Palo Alto\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://act.sixnineteen.com/event/action/86?source=map&akid=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Defend Black Lives Protest\u003c/a> at King Plaza, City Hall – 5pm\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The Haunted House on Lombard Street That Left a Trail of Tragedy",
"headTitle": "The Haunted House on Lombard Street That Left a Trail of Tragedy | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">P\u003c/span>at Montandon’s ordeal began at her own party. It was 1968 and the socialite had invited the glitterati of San Francisco to her home at 1000 Lombard Street. The theme was astrology; guests were paired up according to zodiac sign and offered psychic readings from a palmist, a crystal-ball gazer, an astrologer and a tarot reader. At the end of the night, buoyed by compliments from her guests, Montandon felt certain that the party had been a “brilliant success.” Two years later, she recognized it as the start of an unyielding nightmare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montandon, then 39, was a columnist for the \u003cem>Examiner\u003c/em>, a popular host on the local TV station KGO and the author of a book inspired by her legendary soirée-throwing skills, \u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1638162.How_To_Be_A_Party_Girl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>How To Be A Party Girl\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. She was vivacious, beautiful and her life was positively enviable … until all of a sudden, it wasn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The night of the astrology party, the tarot reader flew into a rage after Montandon forgot to bring him a drink. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1075886.The_Intruders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The Intruders\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, her incredible 1975 book about the events that followed, she wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Quivering with rage, he directed a stream of abuse at me: He had never been treated so rudely, I was an insufferable, ungracious hostess, he was leaving, but not before he made certain I would never have any happy moments in that house again. He fixed me with a glare, his face puffed and distorted. ‘I lay a curse upon you and this house. I do not forget, and I do not forgive. Remember that!’\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Within weeks, Montandon’s life was falling apart. At home, she was subjected to paranormal events so relentless, they quickly transformed her from a skeptic into a believer. She was plagued by locked doors and windows opening themselves, and freezing temperatures that persisted despite a thermostat turned up to 90 degrees. She was routinely awoken at two in the morning, and she heard strange footsteps and music—specifically a song called “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0OSRuaKKig\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mockin’ Bird Hill\u003c/a>,” on repeat. [aside postid='arts_13892672']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her home was broken into and ransacked. Her car was destroyed. When she tried to throw another party, a mysterious fire broke out. She was physically assaulted by a date who had to be forcibly removed from the house by police. She was threatened by her new neighbors, a gang of drug dealers. She was forced to give up her beloved Lhasa Apso who developed sores and became so fearful inside the house that he started pulling his own fur out. (The dog returned to full health as soon as he was re-homed.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in the house, Montandon suffered bouts of dizziness, headaches and disorientation. One night, these symptoms became so severe, she almost overdosed on medication. Worst of all, within three years of the tarot reader’s curse, three of the women closest to her—all young and healthy, all of whom had resided in the house for short stints after the astrology party—were dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of them, Montandon’s cousin Carolyn and a young assistant named Vera Scott (both of whom had been terrified by the house while living there) died by suicide. The third woman, Montandon’s best friend and secretary Mary Lou Ward, died in the home under circumstances so mysterious, a cause of death has never been determined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what happened. In May 1969, Montandon abandoned the house to live with her new husband, Alfred Wilsey, who moved the date of their wedding up in an effort to loose her from the building’s clutches even faster. Montandon was unable to get out of her lease, and the Lombard Street house sat empty for weeks until Ward asked if she might stay there—she was looking to give her own newlywed daughter and son-in-law some space to themselves in her home. Montandon agreed, but recalls saying: “You’re sure you’re not afraid? I wouldn’t go back on a bet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One week later, after flames were spotted by a neighbor, Ward was found face down on the bed in Montandon’s bedroom, severely burned. All of the windows and doors to the room were locked. At the inquest, it was determined that the 47-year-old had died before the fire started, but no one could figure out how or why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coroner Dr. Henry W. Turkel stated:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I should explain to you … that we have examined Mary Louise Ward as carefully as we know how and at great length, and we cannot establish any reason for her death. We don’t know why she died.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>George Lucas, an inspector from the SFFD who also worked on the case, was equally confounded about the fire’s origin, especially since it broke out \u003cem>after\u003c/em> Ward died and she was home alone. He later wrote to Montandon:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I personally went back to that apartment on my own several times to try to solve the mystery there. In my 22 years as a member of the fire department, I have had lots of experiences of death by fire. There was something about this one that just wasn’t right.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Tortured by the fact that the investigation into Ward’s death created more questions than answers, Montandon went about doing her own detective work. Before her death, Ward had told Montandon she didn’t think the tarot reader’s curse was entirely to blame for the run of strange activity that followed. “I think it was already there,” she told Montandon. “Maybe his influence just called it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montandon’s investigation seemed to back up Ward’s theory. She discovered that former tenants of 1000 Lombard Street had uncommonly high rates of both divorce and alcohol dependency. One complained of developing a puzzling illness while living there that she never entirely got rid of, even years after leaving. [aside postid='pop_103040']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, at least one woman had died by suicide in the house. Neighbors who knew the deceased later told Montandon that, before the former resident took her life, she listened to music at all hours of the day and night—specifically the song “Mockin’ Bird Hill.” Before her suicide, Montandon’s cousin Carolyn confessed she continued to hear the song even after she moved away from Lombard Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Montandon’s ex-landlord sold the building in 1973, he told the writer: “That building surely was a voodoo for me. It had a hex on it. I had more trouble there than I’ve ever had in my life. It was hard to unload.” And in a later letter, he wrote, “I was glad when I finally sold it in 1973.” He got $150,000 for the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, 1000 Lombard Street sold for the first time since. And though initially listed for $7,850,000, it ended up selling for \u003ca href=\"https://www.realtor.com/realestateandhomes-detail/1000-Lombard-St_San-Francisco_CA_94109_M10037-31155\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$5,100,000\u003c/a>. Which, for a 12-room, 3-story home with breathtaking views of the Bay and a prime position at the bottom of the Lombard Street wiggle, seems fairly cheap by San Francisco standards. (There are currently 5-bedroom homes in the neighborhood on the market \u003ca href=\"https://www.redfin.com/neighborhood/2352/CA/San-Francisco/Russian-Hill/filter/viewport=37.80419:37.79803:-122.41312:-122.42467?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">for more\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Montandon sent two psychics to investigate 1000 Lombard Street in 1973. They emerged with strange photographs that seemed to change over time, and an ominous analysis of the spiritual state of the home. Though efforts were made to shield Montandon from the things she had experienced there, the paranormal experts were unable to clear the house of the unusual activity that plagued it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the investigators, Frank R. Nocerino, wrote a summary for Montandon afterwards. “You are and will be protected from anything in the house by an exorcism that my group and I have done from a distance, and from symbols left behind in the house itself,” he told her. “I can only again suggest that you do not go there if at all possible. In particular, never go alone.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">P\u003c/span>at Montandon’s ordeal began at her own party. It was 1968 and the socialite had invited the glitterati of San Francisco to her home at 1000 Lombard Street. The theme was astrology; guests were paired up according to zodiac sign and offered psychic readings from a palmist, a crystal-ball gazer, an astrologer and a tarot reader. At the end of the night, buoyed by compliments from her guests, Montandon felt certain that the party had been a “brilliant success.” Two years later, she recognized it as the start of an unyielding nightmare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montandon, then 39, was a columnist for the \u003cem>Examiner\u003c/em>, a popular host on the local TV station KGO and the author of a book inspired by her legendary soirée-throwing skills, \u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1638162.How_To_Be_A_Party_Girl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>How To Be A Party Girl\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. She was vivacious, beautiful and her life was positively enviable … until all of a sudden, it wasn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The night of the astrology party, the tarot reader flew into a rage after Montandon forgot to bring him a drink. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1075886.The_Intruders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The Intruders\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, her incredible 1975 book about the events that followed, she wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Quivering with rage, he directed a stream of abuse at me: He had never been treated so rudely, I was an insufferable, ungracious hostess, he was leaving, but not before he made certain I would never have any happy moments in that house again. He fixed me with a glare, his face puffed and distorted. ‘I lay a curse upon you and this house. I do not forget, and I do not forgive. Remember that!’\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Within weeks, Montandon’s life was falling apart. At home, she was subjected to paranormal events so relentless, they quickly transformed her from a skeptic into a believer. She was plagued by locked doors and windows opening themselves, and freezing temperatures that persisted despite a thermostat turned up to 90 degrees. She was routinely awoken at two in the morning, and she heard strange footsteps and music—specifically a song called “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0OSRuaKKig\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mockin’ Bird Hill\u003c/a>,” on repeat. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her home was broken into and ransacked. Her car was destroyed. When she tried to throw another party, a mysterious fire broke out. She was physically assaulted by a date who had to be forcibly removed from the house by police. She was threatened by her new neighbors, a gang of drug dealers. She was forced to give up her beloved Lhasa Apso who developed sores and became so fearful inside the house that he started pulling his own fur out. (The dog returned to full health as soon as he was re-homed.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While in the house, Montandon suffered bouts of dizziness, headaches and disorientation. One night, these symptoms became so severe, she almost overdosed on medication. Worst of all, within three years of the tarot reader’s curse, three of the women closest to her—all young and healthy, all of whom had resided in the house for short stints after the astrology party—were dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of them, Montandon’s cousin Carolyn and a young assistant named Vera Scott (both of whom had been terrified by the house while living there) died by suicide. The third woman, Montandon’s best friend and secretary Mary Lou Ward, died in the home under circumstances so mysterious, a cause of death has never been determined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what happened. In May 1969, Montandon abandoned the house to live with her new husband, Alfred Wilsey, who moved the date of their wedding up in an effort to loose her from the building’s clutches even faster. Montandon was unable to get out of her lease, and the Lombard Street house sat empty for weeks until Ward asked if she might stay there—she was looking to give her own newlywed daughter and son-in-law some space to themselves in her home. Montandon agreed, but recalls saying: “You’re sure you’re not afraid? I wouldn’t go back on a bet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One week later, after flames were spotted by a neighbor, Ward was found face down on the bed in Montandon’s bedroom, severely burned. All of the windows and doors to the room were locked. At the inquest, it was determined that the 47-year-old had died before the fire started, but no one could figure out how or why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coroner Dr. Henry W. Turkel stated:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I should explain to you … that we have examined Mary Louise Ward as carefully as we know how and at great length, and we cannot establish any reason for her death. We don’t know why she died.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>George Lucas, an inspector from the SFFD who also worked on the case, was equally confounded about the fire’s origin, especially since it broke out \u003cem>after\u003c/em> Ward died and she was home alone. He later wrote to Montandon:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I personally went back to that apartment on my own several times to try to solve the mystery there. In my 22 years as a member of the fire department, I have had lots of experiences of death by fire. There was something about this one that just wasn’t right.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Tortured by the fact that the investigation into Ward’s death created more questions than answers, Montandon went about doing her own detective work. Before her death, Ward had told Montandon she didn’t think the tarot reader’s curse was entirely to blame for the run of strange activity that followed. “I think it was already there,” she told Montandon. “Maybe his influence just called it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montandon’s investigation seemed to back up Ward’s theory. She discovered that former tenants of 1000 Lombard Street had uncommonly high rates of both divorce and alcohol dependency. One complained of developing a puzzling illness while living there that she never entirely got rid of, even years after leaving. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, at least one woman had died by suicide in the house. Neighbors who knew the deceased later told Montandon that, before the former resident took her life, she listened to music at all hours of the day and night—specifically the song “Mockin’ Bird Hill.” Before her suicide, Montandon’s cousin Carolyn confessed she continued to hear the song even after she moved away from Lombard Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Montandon’s ex-landlord sold the building in 1973, he told the writer: “That building surely was a voodoo for me. It had a hex on it. I had more trouble there than I’ve ever had in my life. It was hard to unload.” And in a later letter, he wrote, “I was glad when I finally sold it in 1973.” He got $150,000 for the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, 1000 Lombard Street sold for the first time since. And though initially listed for $7,850,000, it ended up selling for \u003ca href=\"https://www.realtor.com/realestateandhomes-detail/1000-Lombard-St_San-Francisco_CA_94109_M10037-31155\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$5,100,000\u003c/a>. Which, for a 12-room, 3-story home with breathtaking views of the Bay and a prime position at the bottom of the Lombard Street wiggle, seems fairly cheap by San Francisco standards. (There are currently 5-bedroom homes in the neighborhood on the market \u003ca href=\"https://www.redfin.com/neighborhood/2352/CA/San-Francisco/Russian-Hill/filter/viewport=37.80419:37.79803:-122.41312:-122.42467?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">for more\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Montandon sent two psychics to investigate 1000 Lombard Street in 1973. They emerged with strange photographs that seemed to change over time, and an ominous analysis of the spiritual state of the home. Though efforts were made to shield Montandon from the things she had experienced there, the paranormal experts were unable to clear the house of the unusual activity that plagued it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the investigators, Frank R. Nocerino, wrote a summary for Montandon afterwards. “You are and will be protected from anything in the house by an exorcism that my group and I have done from a distance, and from symbols left behind in the house itself,” he told her. “I can only again suggest that you do not go there if at all possible. In particular, never go alone.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 1860s Germany, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Ulrichs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Karl Heinrich Ulrichs\u003c/a> urged other gay people to publicly reveal their sexual orientation. In 1914, \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Homosexuality_of_Men_and_Women.html?id=iDhWtiLsIMwC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Magnus Hirschfeld wrote\u003c/a> of the revolutionary potential of respected gay women and men coming out en masse. By the late 1960s, coming out was treated with the utmost importance within the gay rights movement. And in 1977, Gay Bob arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the same year that Harvey Milk became the first openly gay man elected to public office in California. And while Milk was urging his friends and community to \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/how-harvey-milks-challeng_b_5960258\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">come out of the closet\u003c/a>, the “World’s First Gay Doll” was doing the exact same thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880946\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 420px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880946\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/gay-bob-doll-4.jpg\" alt=\"An original ad for the Gay Bob doll.\" width=\"420\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/gay-bob-doll-4.jpg 420w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/gay-bob-doll-4-160x244.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An original ad for the Gay Bob doll.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Designed to look like a combination of Paul Newman and Robert Redford and packed into his own cardboard closet, Gay Bob was the brainchild of former advertising executive Harvey Rosenberg. The New Yorker used $10,000 of his own money to launch the doll and had it made in Hong Kong after American \u003ca href=\"https://hornet.com/stories/gay-bob-doll/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">manufacturers refused\u003c/a> to make Bob’s groin anatomically correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenberg wanted Gay Bob to normalize the coming out process, while also acting as a fun accessory for those who were already out and proud. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3z6jPlHMlxU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an interview\u003c/a> to promote Gay Bob, Rosenberg once said, “Bob’s perfect for an executive’s desk, dash board ornament, the attache case, the bathtub rim, a health club gym bag.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Gay Bob having a realistic penis, the snazzy fashion catalog contained in the doll’s packaging was distinctly child-friendly:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Hi boys, girls and grownups, I’m Gay Bob, the world’s first gay doll. I bet you are wondering why I come packed in a closet. ‘Coming out of the closet’ is an expression which means that you admit the truth about yourself and are no longer ashamed of what you are… Gay people are no different than straight people. If everyone came out of their closets, there wouldn’t be so many angry, frustrated, frightened people… It’s not easy to be honest about what you are, in fact it takes a great deal of courage. But remember, if Gay Bob has the courage to come out of his closet, so can you!\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Despite his optimistic message, conservative groups of the era viewed Gay Bob as a threat to family values. Edward Rowe, the executive director of Protect America’s Children, was quoted in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/32186037/gays-and-dolls-a-piece-about-the-gay/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1978 issue of the \u003cem>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette\u003c/em>\u003c/a> describing Gay Bob as “another evidence of the desperation the homosexual campaign has reached in its effort to put homosexual lifestyle, which is a death style, across to the American people. I can only hope that the children who are given these Gay Bob dolls will not comprehend the meaning and intent of the campaign.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to get the doll into department stores were largely a failure, so Rosenberg primarily sold Gay Bob via mail order ads in gay magazines. One doll cost $19.50, including shipping and handling, and it was $35 for a pair. Two thousand people snapped up their own Gay Bobs in the first two months of the doll being available, and Bob was later stocked in San Francisco and New York boutiques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to winning \u003cem>Esquire’\u003c/em>s “\u003ca href=\"https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/doll-gay-bob-harvey-rosenberg-inc/7AH5W5xCmLdaPg?hl=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dubious Achievement Award\u003c/a>” in 1978, Gay Bob got his very own storyline in Frank Zappa’s 9-minute ode to sexual experimentation, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-u-0e4Gn2BU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sy Borg\u003c/a>.” In the song, a robotic voice tells a human man: “I share this apartment with a modified Gay Bob doll. He goes all the way! Ever try oral sex with a miniature rubberized homo-replica?” And then later: “This is him. Your wish is his command. He likes you. He wants to kiss you always. Just tell him what you want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Gay Bob is simply an amusing quirk on the timeline of LGBTQ+ history. But he remains in demand as a collector’s item, fetching \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebay.com/itm/1977-GAY-BOB-OUT-THE-CLOSET-13-DOLL-never-pulled-from-box/293550344513?hash=item4458f6c941:g:gHwAAOSwrENemg4G\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">upwards of $200\u003c/a> on auction websites. At the time he was made, tongue-in-cheek though he was, Bob was meant to increase the visibility of gay people everywhere. “We had something to learn from the gay movement, just like we did from the Black civil rights movement and the women’s movement,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.babiafi.co.uk/2015/07/gay-bob.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Harvey Rosenberg once said\u003c/a>. “And that is having the courage to stand up and say ‘I have a right to be what I am.’”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1860s Germany, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Heinrich_Ulrichs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Karl Heinrich Ulrichs\u003c/a> urged other gay people to publicly reveal their sexual orientation. In 1914, \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Homosexuality_of_Men_and_Women.html?id=iDhWtiLsIMwC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Magnus Hirschfeld wrote\u003c/a> of the revolutionary potential of respected gay women and men coming out en masse. By the late 1960s, coming out was treated with the utmost importance within the gay rights movement. And in 1977, Gay Bob arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the same year that Harvey Milk became the first openly gay man elected to public office in California. And while Milk was urging his friends and community to \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/how-harvey-milks-challeng_b_5960258\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">come out of the closet\u003c/a>, the “World’s First Gay Doll” was doing the exact same thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880946\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 420px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880946\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/gay-bob-doll-4.jpg\" alt=\"An original ad for the Gay Bob doll.\" width=\"420\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/gay-bob-doll-4.jpg 420w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/gay-bob-doll-4-160x244.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An original ad for the Gay Bob doll.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Designed to look like a combination of Paul Newman and Robert Redford and packed into his own cardboard closet, Gay Bob was the brainchild of former advertising executive Harvey Rosenberg. The New Yorker used $10,000 of his own money to launch the doll and had it made in Hong Kong after American \u003ca href=\"https://hornet.com/stories/gay-bob-doll/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">manufacturers refused\u003c/a> to make Bob’s groin anatomically correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenberg wanted Gay Bob to normalize the coming out process, while also acting as a fun accessory for those who were already out and proud. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3z6jPlHMlxU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an interview\u003c/a> to promote Gay Bob, Rosenberg once said, “Bob’s perfect for an executive’s desk, dash board ornament, the attache case, the bathtub rim, a health club gym bag.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Gay Bob having a realistic penis, the snazzy fashion catalog contained in the doll’s packaging was distinctly child-friendly:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Hi boys, girls and grownups, I’m Gay Bob, the world’s first gay doll. I bet you are wondering why I come packed in a closet. ‘Coming out of the closet’ is an expression which means that you admit the truth about yourself and are no longer ashamed of what you are… Gay people are no different than straight people. If everyone came out of their closets, there wouldn’t be so many angry, frustrated, frightened people… It’s not easy to be honest about what you are, in fact it takes a great deal of courage. But remember, if Gay Bob has the courage to come out of his closet, so can you!\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Despite his optimistic message, conservative groups of the era viewed Gay Bob as a threat to family values. Edward Rowe, the executive director of Protect America’s Children, was quoted in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/32186037/gays-and-dolls-a-piece-about-the-gay/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1978 issue of the \u003cem>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette\u003c/em>\u003c/a> describing Gay Bob as “another evidence of the desperation the homosexual campaign has reached in its effort to put homosexual lifestyle, which is a death style, across to the American people. I can only hope that the children who are given these Gay Bob dolls will not comprehend the meaning and intent of the campaign.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to get the doll into department stores were largely a failure, so Rosenberg primarily sold Gay Bob via mail order ads in gay magazines. One doll cost $19.50, including shipping and handling, and it was $35 for a pair. Two thousand people snapped up their own Gay Bobs in the first two months of the doll being available, and Bob was later stocked in San Francisco and New York boutiques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to winning \u003cem>Esquire’\u003c/em>s “\u003ca href=\"https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/doll-gay-bob-harvey-rosenberg-inc/7AH5W5xCmLdaPg?hl=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dubious Achievement Award\u003c/a>” in 1978, Gay Bob got his very own storyline in Frank Zappa’s 9-minute ode to sexual experimentation, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-u-0e4Gn2BU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sy Borg\u003c/a>.” In the song, a robotic voice tells a human man: “I share this apartment with a modified Gay Bob doll. He goes all the way! Ever try oral sex with a miniature rubberized homo-replica?” And then later: “This is him. Your wish is his command. He likes you. He wants to kiss you always. Just tell him what you want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Gay Bob is simply an amusing quirk on the timeline of LGBTQ+ history. But he remains in demand as a collector’s item, fetching \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebay.com/itm/1977-GAY-BOB-OUT-THE-CLOSET-13-DOLL-never-pulled-from-box/293550344513?hash=item4458f6c941:g:gHwAAOSwrENemg4G\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">upwards of $200\u003c/a> on auction websites. At the time he was made, tongue-in-cheek though he was, Bob was meant to increase the visibility of gay people everywhere. “We had something to learn from the gay movement, just like we did from the Black civil rights movement and the women’s movement,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.babiafi.co.uk/2015/07/gay-bob.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Harvey Rosenberg once said\u003c/a>. “And that is having the courage to stand up and say ‘I have a right to be what I am.’”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>While Black Panther Party co-founder Huey P. Newton sat in jail on his birthday in 1968, H. Rap Brown and Stokely Carmichael addressed a giant crowd at the Oakland Civic Auditorium in an event known today as the Huey P. Newton Birthday Rally. The day’s events received widespread attention, and catalyzed the “Free Huey” movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 5,000 people in attendance, Brown and Carmichael spoke passionately on Newton’s work, the need for black empowerment, the Vietnam war, and the responsibility of the black community to see through a veil of false comfort from white leaders at the height of the civil rights era. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Carmichael says in the clip: “We have to recognize who our major enemy is! The major enemy is not your brother, flesh of your flesh, blood of your blood. The major enemy is the honkey and his institutions of racism! That is the major enemy! That is the major enemy!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even more pointed were H. Rap Brown’s comments: “A lot of you runnin’ around talkin’ ‘bout you Democrats, and the Democrats got you in the biggest trick goin’—they tell you ‘It ain’t our fault, its the Dixiecrats!’ No such thing as a Dixiecrat! The only difference between George Wallace and Lyndon Johnson is one of ‘em’s wife’s got cancer!” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED recently unearthed this special footage from the KQED archives\u003c/strong>. Watch select moments from their speeches above. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While Black Panther Party co-founder Huey P. Newton sat in jail on his birthday in 1968, H. Rap Brown and Stokely Carmichael addressed a giant crowd at the Oakland Civic Auditorium in an event known today as the Huey P. Newton Birthday Rally. The day’s events received widespread attention, and catalyzed the “Free Huey” movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 5,000 people in attendance, Brown and Carmichael spoke passionately on Newton’s work, the need for black empowerment, the Vietnam war, and the responsibility of the black community to see through a veil of false comfort from white leaders at the height of the civil rights era. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Carmichael says in the clip: “We have to recognize who our major enemy is! The major enemy is not your brother, flesh of your flesh, blood of your blood. The major enemy is the honkey and his institutions of racism! That is the major enemy! That is the major enemy!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even more pointed were H. Rap Brown’s comments: “A lot of you runnin’ around talkin’ ‘bout you Democrats, and the Democrats got you in the biggest trick goin’—they tell you ‘It ain’t our fault, its the Dixiecrats!’ No such thing as a Dixiecrat! The only difference between George Wallace and Lyndon Johnson is one of ‘em’s wife’s got cancer!” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED recently unearthed this special footage from the KQED archives\u003c/strong>. Watch select moments from their speeches above. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he United States is a machine fueled by energy extracted from African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police brutality is the most visceral example of the state taking our life force. Cellphone footage of this country’s first line of defense, its imperial team of overseers, taking the life from black folks works twofold: it not only documents the victim’s life being ended, but it deducts from the value of life of African American viewers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"180\" height=\"207\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-13833985\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_.jpg 180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_-160x184.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What started the confrontation that led to an officer taking George Floyd’s life? Floyd’s attempt to exchange a counterfeit bill. A minor crime that ended in horrific fashion, and gives further evidence that capitalism and racism are a married couple of mosquitoes, pulling blood from black folks, everyday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is only the most newsworthy and sensational of the long list of more covert extractions that happen to black folks everyday in America. Look at data around health disparities, incarceration rates, wealth, child mortality, education levels and life expectancy. These numbers show that life is pulled from us from the cradle to the grave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want qualitative evidence? Let’s talk about how passive comments in the classroom plant seeds of self-destruction in little boys and girls, which manifest for the rest of our lives. Let’s discuss how microagressions in the workplace chip away from the souls of black folks. Let’s focus on the stories of the overwhelming amount of unhoused African American people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13881305\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-1020x1530.jpg\" alt=\"A cyclist amidst a protest in downtown Oakland during the final weekend of May 2020. Photographer Brandon Ruffin says he was hit with rubber bullets and subject to tear gas while taking these photos. \" width=\"640\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13881305\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cyclist amidst a protest in downtown Oakland during the final weekend of May 2020. Photographer Brandon Ruffin says he was hit with rubber bullets and subject to tear gas while taking these photos. \u003ccite>(Brandon Ruffin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unless you’re talking about changing the way America has had its knee on our neck in just about every facet of life, I don’t want to hear it this week. I don’t have the energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why I’m not out protesting. I’m not social media posting. I’m not making guest appearances on public radio specials about how the black community is feeling right now. I’m not staying up at 2am sending emails for nonprofits who want to save “at-risk youth,” or whatever term they use for black folks, but don’t have an exit strategy for when black folks are “saved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appreciate the gesture, but I don’t really care for the “how are you feeling” texts. I’ll respond when the spirits moves me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, I’m not doing a damn thing that would take energy from me. America has taken enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m drawing a line in this stolen soil, because I know: If the system doesn’t kill you, you’ll die fighting it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13881338\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/HowardYearbook-800x1002.jpg\" alt=\"Dr. Leon A. Ransom (center) in the 1942 Howard University yearbook.\" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13881338\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Leon A. Ransom (center) in the 1942 Howard University yearbook. \u003ccite>(Howard University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span> spent a large part of this past weekend talking with my great-grandfather. He died over 60 years ago, but we still had a conversation that was right on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called on me last week, when I learned that digital versions of \u003ca href=\"https://dh.howard.edu/bison_yearbooks/\">Howard University\u003c/a>’s yearbooks were made public. There he was, on page 27 of the 1942 edition, my mother’s paternal grandfather. Front, center and dapper—check out the kicks. He shares space on the page with the famous philosopher and theologian Howard Thurman. And he’s surrounded by images of Lewis K. Downing, E. Franklin Frazier and A.J. Blackburn—all of whom have buildings or centers named in their honor at the Mecca.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My great-grandfather, Dr. Leon A. Ransom, was a high-ranking graduate of Ohio State’s law school. He also earned a post-grad degree from Harvard. He went on to be a member of Howard University faculty for over a decade, serving as the acting dean of its law school from 1941 to 1946, during the war years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13881335\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-1020x1360.jpg\" alt=\"Dr. Leon A. Ransom discussing how he deals with stress: 'I work.'\" width=\"640\" height=\"853\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13881335\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-1920x2560.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Leon A. Ransom discussing how he deals with stress: ‘I work.’ \u003ccite>(Dr. Leon A. Ransom Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Outside of academia, he was a part of the NAACP Legal Defense team; he worked closely with a number of top African American lawyers of the time, including Thurgood Marshall. My great-grandfather’s work focused on “educational and salary discrimination, jury exclusion, and race riots,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://dh.howard.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1162&context=finaid_manu\">Howard’s records\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the more notable cases he worked was the 1946 “\u003ca href=\"https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/columbia-race-riot-1946/\">Columbia Race Riots\u003c/a>.” He helped clear the names of 23 of the 25 African American men who were charged with attempted murder after multiple officers were shot during a riot in which a white mob ravaged and fired guns throughout Mink Slide, the black business district in Columbia, Tennessee. During the case, Dr. Ransom spoke in front of known Ku Klux Klansmen, and was threatened by the opposing legal team; the defense attorney at one point told him that if he kept talking he’d “wrap this chair around his goddamn head.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the book \u003cem>Making Civil Rights Law: Thurgood Marshall and the Supreme Court, 1936-1961\u003c/em>, it’s noted that during the Columbia Race Riot case, my great-grandfather’s “mental conditions began to deteriorate.” He had recently survived a physical attack by a former police officer after one of his court cases in Nashville. Prior to that, he’d endured written threats from a white woman who wanted to keep schools segregated. He even disappeared for a short spell, causing a stir—family rumor has it that he skipped town to attend a baseball game, in order to take a mental break from his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have a folder of clippings about my great-grandfather’s work that I keep near my bed. One article asks a handful of well-known figures of the era how they deal with stress. My great-grandfather said, “I work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Leon A. Ransom died at age 55 of a stroke, according to his \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13361137/leon-a-ransom-obituary/\">obituary\u003c/a>. He wasn’t killed by police during a protest or traffic stop. But his effort to combat America’s racist system obviously impacted his health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was a black man fighting against injustice during his life, and it’s clear that the fight for freedom hastened his death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13881304\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-1020x1530.jpg\" alt=\"An embrace in the midst of chaos in downtown Oakland during protests in late May 2020.\" width=\"640\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13881304\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An embrace in the midst of chaos in downtown Oakland during protests in late May 2020. \u003ccite>(Brandon Ruffin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>his system is tricky. It’ll either squash you for existing, or let you get close enough to think you’re doing something to change it—just to kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In knowing that, it’s on me to prioritize my physical and mental health in a country that’s inherently unhealthy for me and my people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do I not combat oppression? You’re a damn fool if you think I’d be passive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do I turn into a martyr for the cause, or some sort of kamikaze fighter for black liberation? No. Because my death won’t change anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ll take a bit of my great-grandfather’s advice for navigating times of stress, and I’ll continue to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at the same time, I’ll be mindful that many of the frontline protesters in Ferguson have \u003ca href=\"https://www.chicagotribune.com/nation-world/ct-ferguson-activist-deaths-black-lives-matter-20190317-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mysteriously died\u003c/a>. And police brutality, as seen in the past week’s nationwide protests, is still an issue. And the Fair Housing Act of 1968 (also known as the Civil Rights Act) was signed just after Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was killed, yet we’re \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-unfulfilled-promise-of-the-fair-housing-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">just as divided today\u003c/a>. And, I’ll keep in mind that my great-grandfather died a young age, largely due to stress caused by the hard work he did as a lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, I’ll draw the line on how much I work. I’ll fulfill my personal responsibilities, and do my 40 hours each week—I have to work, my daughter’s tummy demands it—but not a minute more. It’s the only action that’s within my power to ensure that the capitalist system driving this racist country doesn’t take any more of my life.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he United States is a machine fueled by energy extracted from African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police brutality is the most visceral example of the state taking our life force. Cellphone footage of this country’s first line of defense, its imperial team of overseers, taking the life from black folks works twofold: it not only documents the victim’s life being ended, but it deducts from the value of life of African American viewers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"180\" height=\"207\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-13833985\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_.jpg 180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/OGPenn.Cap_-160x184.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What started the confrontation that led to an officer taking George Floyd’s life? Floyd’s attempt to exchange a counterfeit bill. A minor crime that ended in horrific fashion, and gives further evidence that capitalism and racism are a married couple of mosquitoes, pulling blood from black folks, everyday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is only the most newsworthy and sensational of the long list of more covert extractions that happen to black folks everyday in America. Look at data around health disparities, incarceration rates, wealth, child mortality, education levels and life expectancy. These numbers show that life is pulled from us from the cradle to the grave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want qualitative evidence? Let’s talk about how passive comments in the classroom plant seeds of self-destruction in little boys and girls, which manifest for the rest of our lives. Let’s discuss how microagressions in the workplace chip away from the souls of black folks. Let’s focus on the stories of the overwhelming amount of unhoused African American people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13881305\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-1020x1530.jpg\" alt=\"A cyclist amidst a protest in downtown Oakland during the final weekend of May 2020. Photographer Brandon Ruffin says he was hit with rubber bullets and subject to tear gas while taking these photos. \" width=\"640\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13881305\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Bike.BrandonRuffin.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cyclist amidst a protest in downtown Oakland during the final weekend of May 2020. Photographer Brandon Ruffin says he was hit with rubber bullets and subject to tear gas while taking these photos. \u003ccite>(Brandon Ruffin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unless you’re talking about changing the way America has had its knee on our neck in just about every facet of life, I don’t want to hear it this week. I don’t have the energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why I’m not out protesting. I’m not social media posting. I’m not making guest appearances on public radio specials about how the black community is feeling right now. I’m not staying up at 2am sending emails for nonprofits who want to save “at-risk youth,” or whatever term they use for black folks, but don’t have an exit strategy for when black folks are “saved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appreciate the gesture, but I don’t really care for the “how are you feeling” texts. I’ll respond when the spirits moves me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, I’m not doing a damn thing that would take energy from me. America has taken enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m drawing a line in this stolen soil, because I know: If the system doesn’t kill you, you’ll die fighting it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13881338\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/HowardYearbook-800x1002.jpg\" alt=\"Dr. Leon A. Ransom (center) in the 1942 Howard University yearbook.\" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13881338\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Leon A. Ransom (center) in the 1942 Howard University yearbook. \u003ccite>(Howard University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span> spent a large part of this past weekend talking with my great-grandfather. He died over 60 years ago, but we still had a conversation that was right on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called on me last week, when I learned that digital versions of \u003ca href=\"https://dh.howard.edu/bison_yearbooks/\">Howard University\u003c/a>’s yearbooks were made public. There he was, on page 27 of the 1942 edition, my mother’s paternal grandfather. Front, center and dapper—check out the kicks. He shares space on the page with the famous philosopher and theologian Howard Thurman. And he’s surrounded by images of Lewis K. Downing, E. Franklin Frazier and A.J. Blackburn—all of whom have buildings or centers named in their honor at the Mecca.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My great-grandfather, Dr. Leon A. Ransom, was a high-ranking graduate of Ohio State’s law school. He also earned a post-grad degree from Harvard. He went on to be a member of Howard University faculty for over a decade, serving as the acting dean of its law school from 1941 to 1946, during the war years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13881335\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-1020x1360.jpg\" alt=\"Dr. Leon A. Ransom discussing how he deals with stress: 'I work.'\" width=\"640\" height=\"853\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13881335\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/IMG_0297-1920x2560.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Leon A. Ransom discussing how he deals with stress: ‘I work.’ \u003ccite>(Dr. Leon A. Ransom Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Outside of academia, he was a part of the NAACP Legal Defense team; he worked closely with a number of top African American lawyers of the time, including Thurgood Marshall. My great-grandfather’s work focused on “educational and salary discrimination, jury exclusion, and race riots,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://dh.howard.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1162&context=finaid_manu\">Howard’s records\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the more notable cases he worked was the 1946 “\u003ca href=\"https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/columbia-race-riot-1946/\">Columbia Race Riots\u003c/a>.” He helped clear the names of 23 of the 25 African American men who were charged with attempted murder after multiple officers were shot during a riot in which a white mob ravaged and fired guns throughout Mink Slide, the black business district in Columbia, Tennessee. During the case, Dr. Ransom spoke in front of known Ku Klux Klansmen, and was threatened by the opposing legal team; the defense attorney at one point told him that if he kept talking he’d “wrap this chair around his goddamn head.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the book \u003cem>Making Civil Rights Law: Thurgood Marshall and the Supreme Court, 1936-1961\u003c/em>, it’s noted that during the Columbia Race Riot case, my great-grandfather’s “mental conditions began to deteriorate.” He had recently survived a physical attack by a former police officer after one of his court cases in Nashville. Prior to that, he’d endured written threats from a white woman who wanted to keep schools segregated. He even disappeared for a short spell, causing a stir—family rumor has it that he skipped town to attend a baseball game, in order to take a mental break from his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have a folder of clippings about my great-grandfather’s work that I keep near my bed. One article asks a handful of well-known figures of the era how they deal with stress. My great-grandfather said, “I work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Leon A. Ransom died at age 55 of a stroke, according to his \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13361137/leon-a-ransom-obituary/\">obituary\u003c/a>. He wasn’t killed by police during a protest or traffic stop. But his effort to combat America’s racist system obviously impacted his health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was a black man fighting against injustice during his life, and it’s clear that the fight for freedom hastened his death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13881304\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-1020x1530.jpg\" alt=\"An embrace in the midst of chaos in downtown Oakland during protests in late May 2020.\" width=\"640\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13881304\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/Embrace.BrandonRuffin.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An embrace in the midst of chaos in downtown Oakland during protests in late May 2020. \u003ccite>(Brandon Ruffin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>his system is tricky. It’ll either squash you for existing, or let you get close enough to think you’re doing something to change it—just to kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In knowing that, it’s on me to prioritize my physical and mental health in a country that’s inherently unhealthy for me and my people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do I not combat oppression? You’re a damn fool if you think I’d be passive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do I turn into a martyr for the cause, or some sort of kamikaze fighter for black liberation? No. Because my death won’t change anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ll take a bit of my great-grandfather’s advice for navigating times of stress, and I’ll continue to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at the same time, I’ll be mindful that many of the frontline protesters in Ferguson have \u003ca href=\"https://www.chicagotribune.com/nation-world/ct-ferguson-activist-deaths-black-lives-matter-20190317-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mysteriously died\u003c/a>. And police brutality, as seen in the past week’s nationwide protests, is still an issue. And the Fair Housing Act of 1968 (also known as the Civil Rights Act) was signed just after Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was killed, yet we’re \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-unfulfilled-promise-of-the-fair-housing-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">just as divided today\u003c/a>. And, I’ll keep in mind that my great-grandfather died a young age, largely due to stress caused by the hard work he did as a lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, I’ll draw the line on how much I work. I’ll fulfill my personal responsibilities, and do my 40 hours each week—I have to work, my daughter’s tummy demands it—but not a minute more. It’s the only action that’s within my power to ensure that the capitalist system driving this racist country doesn’t take any more of my life.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Larry Kramer, the playwright whose angry voice and pen raised theatergoers’ consciousness about AIDS and roused thousands to militant protests in the early years of the epidemic, has died at 84.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Goldstein, a writer who was working on a biography of Kramer, confirmed the news to The Associated Press. Kramer’s husband, David Webster, told \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> that Kramer died Wednesday of pneumonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have lost a giant of a man who stood up for gay rights like a warrior. His anger was needed at a time when gay men’s deaths to AIDS were being ignored by the American government,” said Elton John in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer, who wrote \u003cem>The Normal Heart\u003c/em> and founded the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power, or ACT UP, lost his lover to acquired immune deficiency syndrome in 1984 and was himself infected with the virus. He also suffered from hepatitis B and received a liver transplant in 2001 because the virus had caused liver failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was nominated for an Academy Award for his screenplay for \u003cem>Women in Love\u003c/em>, the 1969 adaptation of D.H. Lawrence’s novel. It starred Glenda Jackson, who won her first Oscar for her performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also wrote the 1972 screenplay \u003cem>Lost Horizon\u003c/em>, a novel, \u003cem>Faggots\u003c/em>, and the plays \u003cem>Sissies’ Scrapbook, The Furniture of Home, Just Say No\u003c/em> and \u003cem>The Destiny of Me\u003c/em>, which was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for many years he was best known for his public fight to secure medical treatment, acceptance and civil rights for people with AIDS. He loudly told everyone that the gay community was grappling with a plague.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tributes from the arts community flooded in Wednesday, with Lin-Manuel Miranda on Twitter saying “What an extraordinary writer, what a life.” Dan Savage wrote: “He ordered us to love ourselves and each other and to fight for our lives. He was a hero.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1981, when AIDS had not yet acquired its name and only a few dozen people had been diagnosed with it, Kramer and a group of his friends in New York City founded Gay Men’s Health Crisis, one of the first groups in the country to address the epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He tried to rouse the gay community with speeches and articles such as “1,112 and Counting,” published in gay newspapers in 1983.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our continued existence as gay men upon the face of this earth is at stake,” he wrote. “Unless we fight for our lives, we shall die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The late journalist Randy Shilts, in his best selling account of the AIDS epidemic \u003cem>And the Band Played On\u003c/em>, called that article “inarguably one of the most influential works of advocacy journalism of the decade” and credited it with “crystallizing the epidemic into a political movement for the gay community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer lived to see gay marriage a reality — and married himself in 2013 — but never rested. “I’m married,” he told The AP. “But that’s only part of where we are. AIDS is still decimating us and we still don’t have protection under the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer split with GMHC in 1983 after other board members decided to concentrate on providing support services to people with AIDS. It remains one of the largest AIDS-service groups in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After leaving GMHC, Kramer wrote \u003cem>The Normal Heart\u003c/em>, in which a furious young writer — not unlike Kramer himself — battles politicians, society, the media and other gay leaders to bring attention to the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The play premiered at The Public Theater in April 1985. Associated Press drama critic Michael Kuchwara called it an “angry but compelling indictment of a society as well as a subculture for failing to respond adequately to the tragedy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A revival in 2011 was almost universally praised by critics and earned the best revival Tony. Two actors from it — Ellen Barkin and John Benjamin Hickey — also won Tonys. Joe Mantello played the main character of Ned Weeks, the alter ego of Kramer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m very moved that it moved so many people,” he said at the time. Kramer often stood outside the theater passing out fliers asking the world to take action against HIV/AIDS. “Please know that AIDS is a worldwide plague. Please know there is no cure,” it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The play was turned into a TV film for HBO in 2014 starring Mark Ruffalo, Jonathan Groff, Matt Bomer, Taylor Kitsch, Jim Parsons, Alfred Molina, Joe Mantello and Julia Roberts. It won the Emmy for best movie. Kramer stood onstage in heavy winter clothing as the statuette was presented to director Ryan Murphy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1992 play \u003cem>The Destiny of Me\u003c/em> continues the story of Weeks from \u003cem>The Normal Heart\u003c/em>. Weeks, in the hospital for an experimental AIDS treatment, reflects on the past, particularly his relationship with his family. His parents and brother appear to act out what happened in the past, as does the young Ned, who confronts his older self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1987, Kramer founded ACT UP, the group that became famous for staging civil disobedience at places like the Food and Drug Administration, the New York Stock Exchange and Burroughs-Wellcome Corp., the maker of the chief anti-AIDS drug, AZT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ACT UP’s protests helped persuade the FDA to speed the approval of new drugs and Burroughs-Wellcome to lower its price for AZT. He also battled — and later reconciled — with Dr. Anthony Fauci, the longtime director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, who has been leading the national response to the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer soon relinquished a leadership role in ACT UP, and as support for AIDS research increased, he found some common ground with health officials whom ACT UP had bitterly criticized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer never softened the urgency of his demands. In 2011, he helped the American Foundation for Equal Rights mount their play \u003cem>8\u003c/em> on Broadway about the legal battle over same-sex marriage in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The one nice thing that I seem to have acquired, accidentally, is this reputation of everyone afraid of my voice,” he told The AP in 2015. “So I get heard, whether it changes anything or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of his last projects was the massive two-volume \u003cem>The American People\u003c/em>, which chronicled the history of gay people in America and took decades to write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just think it’s so important that we know our history — the history of how badly we’re treated and how hard we have to fight to get what we deserve, which is equality,” he told The AP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the 2013 Tonys, he was honored with the Isabelle Stevenson Award, given to a member of the theater community for philanthropic or civic efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months later, Kramer married his longtime partner, architect David Webster, in the intensive care unit of NYU Langone Medical Center, where Kramer was recovering from surgery for a bowel obstruction.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Larry Kramer, the playwright whose angry voice and pen raised theatergoers’ consciousness about AIDS and roused thousands to militant protests in the early years of the epidemic, has died at 84.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Goldstein, a writer who was working on a biography of Kramer, confirmed the news to The Associated Press. Kramer’s husband, David Webster, told \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> that Kramer died Wednesday of pneumonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have lost a giant of a man who stood up for gay rights like a warrior. His anger was needed at a time when gay men’s deaths to AIDS were being ignored by the American government,” said Elton John in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer, who wrote \u003cem>The Normal Heart\u003c/em> and founded the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power, or ACT UP, lost his lover to acquired immune deficiency syndrome in 1984 and was himself infected with the virus. He also suffered from hepatitis B and received a liver transplant in 2001 because the virus had caused liver failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was nominated for an Academy Award for his screenplay for \u003cem>Women in Love\u003c/em>, the 1969 adaptation of D.H. Lawrence’s novel. It starred Glenda Jackson, who won her first Oscar for her performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also wrote the 1972 screenplay \u003cem>Lost Horizon\u003c/em>, a novel, \u003cem>Faggots\u003c/em>, and the plays \u003cem>Sissies’ Scrapbook, The Furniture of Home, Just Say No\u003c/em> and \u003cem>The Destiny of Me\u003c/em>, which was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for many years he was best known for his public fight to secure medical treatment, acceptance and civil rights for people with AIDS. He loudly told everyone that the gay community was grappling with a plague.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tributes from the arts community flooded in Wednesday, with Lin-Manuel Miranda on Twitter saying “What an extraordinary writer, what a life.” Dan Savage wrote: “He ordered us to love ourselves and each other and to fight for our lives. He was a hero.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1981, when AIDS had not yet acquired its name and only a few dozen people had been diagnosed with it, Kramer and a group of his friends in New York City founded Gay Men’s Health Crisis, one of the first groups in the country to address the epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He tried to rouse the gay community with speeches and articles such as “1,112 and Counting,” published in gay newspapers in 1983.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our continued existence as gay men upon the face of this earth is at stake,” he wrote. “Unless we fight for our lives, we shall die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The late journalist Randy Shilts, in his best selling account of the AIDS epidemic \u003cem>And the Band Played On\u003c/em>, called that article “inarguably one of the most influential works of advocacy journalism of the decade” and credited it with “crystallizing the epidemic into a political movement for the gay community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer lived to see gay marriage a reality — and married himself in 2013 — but never rested. “I’m married,” he told The AP. “But that’s only part of where we are. AIDS is still decimating us and we still don’t have protection under the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer split with GMHC in 1983 after other board members decided to concentrate on providing support services to people with AIDS. It remains one of the largest AIDS-service groups in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After leaving GMHC, Kramer wrote \u003cem>The Normal Heart\u003c/em>, in which a furious young writer — not unlike Kramer himself — battles politicians, society, the media and other gay leaders to bring attention to the crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The play premiered at The Public Theater in April 1985. Associated Press drama critic Michael Kuchwara called it an “angry but compelling indictment of a society as well as a subculture for failing to respond adequately to the tragedy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A revival in 2011 was almost universally praised by critics and earned the best revival Tony. Two actors from it — Ellen Barkin and John Benjamin Hickey — also won Tonys. Joe Mantello played the main character of Ned Weeks, the alter ego of Kramer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m very moved that it moved so many people,” he said at the time. Kramer often stood outside the theater passing out fliers asking the world to take action against HIV/AIDS. “Please know that AIDS is a worldwide plague. Please know there is no cure,” it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The play was turned into a TV film for HBO in 2014 starring Mark Ruffalo, Jonathan Groff, Matt Bomer, Taylor Kitsch, Jim Parsons, Alfred Molina, Joe Mantello and Julia Roberts. It won the Emmy for best movie. Kramer stood onstage in heavy winter clothing as the statuette was presented to director Ryan Murphy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1992 play \u003cem>The Destiny of Me\u003c/em> continues the story of Weeks from \u003cem>The Normal Heart\u003c/em>. Weeks, in the hospital for an experimental AIDS treatment, reflects on the past, particularly his relationship with his family. His parents and brother appear to act out what happened in the past, as does the young Ned, who confronts his older self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1987, Kramer founded ACT UP, the group that became famous for staging civil disobedience at places like the Food and Drug Administration, the New York Stock Exchange and Burroughs-Wellcome Corp., the maker of the chief anti-AIDS drug, AZT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ACT UP’s protests helped persuade the FDA to speed the approval of new drugs and Burroughs-Wellcome to lower its price for AZT. He also battled — and later reconciled — with Dr. Anthony Fauci, the longtime director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, who has been leading the national response to the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer soon relinquished a leadership role in ACT UP, and as support for AIDS research increased, he found some common ground with health officials whom ACT UP had bitterly criticized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kramer never softened the urgency of his demands. In 2011, he helped the American Foundation for Equal Rights mount their play \u003cem>8\u003c/em> on Broadway about the legal battle over same-sex marriage in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The one nice thing that I seem to have acquired, accidentally, is this reputation of everyone afraid of my voice,” he told The AP in 2015. “So I get heard, whether it changes anything or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of his last projects was the massive two-volume \u003cem>The American People\u003c/em>, which chronicled the history of gay people in America and took decades to write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just think it’s so important that we know our history — the history of how badly we’re treated and how hard we have to fight to get what we deserve, which is equality,” he told The AP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the 2013 Tonys, he was honored with the Isabelle Stevenson Award, given to a member of the theater community for philanthropic or civic efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months later, Kramer married his longtime partner, architect David Webster, in the intensive care unit of NYU Langone Medical Center, where Kramer was recovering from surgery for a bowel obstruction.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>While most California officials focus on current-day solutions for the COVID-19 pandemic, at least one state office is already considering its place in future history books.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State Archives, a division of the Secretary of State, on Thursday launched the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/archives/california-covid-19-archive/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">California COVID-19 Archive\u003c/a>. All California residents are welcome to submit their stories reflecting the challenges and uncertainty of the current pandemic, and the ways they have adapted. Submissions are accepted at an online portal \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSefeBSLV-qI8atr9aJtqH6g6h-L6UA4ODCVynOqBq_Pi4bTJw/viewform?usp=sf_link\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your submission will serve as an important contribution to this community memory project and will be a critical primary source so that future generations can better understand how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted Californians,” reads the site. Submissions will become a part of the official state historical collection. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state project mirrors local efforts to document San Francisco’s response to the pandemic, led by the San Francisco Public Library. The \u003ca href=\"https://sfpl.org/locations/main-library/sf-history-center/digital-collections/covid19-time-capsule\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">COVID-19 Community Time Capsule\u003c/a> project solicits stories as well as a broad range of ephemera, including “photographs; blog posts or social media posts (screenshots okay); video or audio; notices, signs or posters, including government notices or signs from private businesses; letters, emails, postcards; community newspapers; personal journal and diary entries; and creative work, such as drawings, paintings, graffiti, poetry, recipes and games.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Submissions will become a permanent part of the City and County Archives of San Francisco, and can be made \u003ca href=\"https://sfpl.org/locations/main-library/sf-history-center/digital-collections/covid19-time-capsule\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>— Gabe Meline\u003c/em> (\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/gmeline\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">@gmeline\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While most California officials focus on current-day solutions for the COVID-19 pandemic, at least one state office is already considering its place in future history books.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State Archives, a division of the Secretary of State, on Thursday launched the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/archives/california-covid-19-archive/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">California COVID-19 Archive\u003c/a>. All California residents are welcome to submit their stories reflecting the challenges and uncertainty of the current pandemic, and the ways they have adapted. Submissions are accepted at an online portal \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSefeBSLV-qI8atr9aJtqH6g6h-L6UA4ODCVynOqBq_Pi4bTJw/viewform?usp=sf_link\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your submission will serve as an important contribution to this community memory project and will be a critical primary source so that future generations can better understand how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted Californians,” reads the site. Submissions will become a part of the official state historical collection. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state project mirrors local efforts to document San Francisco’s response to the pandemic, led by the San Francisco Public Library. The \u003ca href=\"https://sfpl.org/locations/main-library/sf-history-center/digital-collections/covid19-time-capsule\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">COVID-19 Community Time Capsule\u003c/a> project solicits stories as well as a broad range of ephemera, including “photographs; blog posts or social media posts (screenshots okay); video or audio; notices, signs or posters, including government notices or signs from private businesses; letters, emails, postcards; community newspapers; personal journal and diary entries; and creative work, such as drawings, paintings, graffiti, poetry, recipes and games.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Submissions will become a permanent part of the City and County Archives of San Francisco, and can be made \u003ca href=\"https://sfpl.org/locations/main-library/sf-history-center/digital-collections/covid19-time-capsule\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>— Gabe Meline\u003c/em> (\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/gmeline\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">@gmeline\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "the-child-slave-who-helped-rescue-thousands-of-women-in-chinatown",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 1894, when Tien Fuh Wu was rescued from a Chinatown gambling den, she was covered in so many burns, cuts and bruises that it brought tears to the eyes of the police officers who’d come to retrieve her. The two missionaries leading the rescue worked out of the Occidental Board’s Presbyterian Mission House, five blocks away on Sacramento Street, and Wu would go on to spend most of her life there—first as a defiant child, and later as the tenacious rescuer of thousands of young women and girls just like her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wu had found herself in San Francisco two years earlier, after her father had sold her to pay off his gambling debts. Somewhere between the age of six and ten, Wu—under the pretense of going to visit her grandmother—was escorted to a boat. Her father locked her inside a cabin onboard with only a toothbrush and washcloth, told her to eat her supper, and left without saying goodbye. (She never saw her family again, despite attempting to locate them decades later.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From her native province of Zehjiang, China, Wu was first taken a hundred miles north to Shanghai, then onto San Francisco via steamship. There, she was forced to work in a brothel, the Peking, as a “\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mui_tsai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mui tsai\u003c/a>.” The phrase literally means “little sister,” while her role was that of a domestic slave. When her owner at the brothel fell into debt, Wu was sold to the gambling den on Jackson Street. There, she was subjected to rigorous household chores, and physically abused by her new owner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the children sold into the Chinatown mui tsai system reached their teens, they typically transferred from a life of domestic slavery into one of forced sex work. At the turn of the century in San Francisco, this kind of trafficking was rampant, and largely ignored by city authorities. The only real challenge to the system came in the form of missionaries, keen to free the imprisoned women from what they saw as a life of sin and convert them to Christianity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880756\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13880756\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-800x768.jpg\" alt=\"920 Sacramento Street, where Tien Fuh Wu worked with Donaldina Cameron to rescue hundreds of women sold or tricked into a life of slavery and/or sexual abuse.\" width=\"800\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-800x768.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-160x154.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-768x737.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-1020x979.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606.jpg 1431w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">920 Sacramento Street, where Tien Fuh Wu worked with Donaldina Cameron to rescue hundreds of women sold or tricked into a life of slavery and/or sexual abuse. \u003ccite>(Matty Messner)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fifteen months after Wu was rescued, 23-year-old Donaldina Cameron arrived at the Mission Home at 920 Sacramento Street to teach the girls how to sew. By the time she was 25, she had become Superintendent. Initially the willful child and the strict teacher butted heads, but over time, they grew to form a relationship that more closely resembled that of mother and daughter. As all of the girls in the home tended to do, Wu affectionately called Cameron “Lo Mo,” meaning “Old Mother.” In turn, Cameron referred to her young friend as “Blessed Tien.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Due to her need for a Chinese translator, Cameron employed girls from the Mission House to act as her aides. When Wu was in her teens, Cameron’s favorite aide, Leung Yuen Qui, contracted tuberculosis. Wu not only volunteered to nurse the gravely ill woman, but was witness to her death and the emotional devastation it caused Cameron. It was this that prompted Wu to step up to take Qui’s place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I offered to help her in the work,” Wu said later, “because I felt very sorry for her, realizing how terribly crushed she was over her co-worker’s death.” It was the beginning of a working relationship that would last both of their lifetimes and save the lives of thousands of trafficked girls and women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earning $5 a month, Wu translated for Cameron during court cases and helped supervise the Mission House. (According to Julia Flynn Siler’s account of the period, \u003ca href=\"https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/249432/the-white-devils-daughters-by-julia-flynn-siler/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The White Devil’s Daughters\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, one staff member described Wu as a “a stern taskmaster… but she was very kind and fair… so the girls trusted her.”) Most important of all, she accompanied Cameron on dangerous rescues, some of which took many months and intense investigation to orchestrate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wu’s role was of vital importance, not just for the sake of her ability to translate, but also because she put the rescued girls at ease. Brothel and slave owners commonly spread fear of “White Devils” to stop the women in their possession from seeking help. Many of those girls believed they would be in even greater danger if taken into the charge of white people. Wu—sometimes pointing to her own scars as evidence of her understanding—was the only one who could truly reassure them they were safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1908, a booklet titled \u003ca href=\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/dragon-stories-the-bowl-of-powfah-the-hundredth-maiden-naratives-sic-of-the-rescues-and-romances-of-chinese-slave-girls/oclc/82591864?referer=di&ht=edition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Dragon Stories\u003c/em>\u003c/a> was released by Oakland’s Pacific Presbyterian Publishing Company, in an effort to draw attention to the good work being done by the Chinatown missionaries. In it, a character believed to be at least partially based on Tien Fuh Wu was written about as a brave and determined hero, “excited” and “eager for the fray.” In the stories, she was presented as forcing her way into brothels, warmly reassuring young girls, and fearlessly getting them out of harm’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wu’s bravery cannot be overstated. Though everyone working at the Mission House received threats of violence for the work they were doing, Wu was targeted more than most because she herself was Chinese and therefore viewed as a traitor by the brothel owners in her midst. She was sent so many threats for doing rescue and interpretation work that, after each major rescue, Cameron would routinely stop her 4′ 11″ cohort from going out alone for weeks at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One infamous and racist letter called Wu a prostitute, a “stinking sow,” and threatened, “If God has eyes, he will certainly punish you. You have overreached yourself and in so doing, negroes, dogs and thunder will come after you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the history of the Mission House, if God’s eyes were indeed watching over it, they offered nothing but protection. Though the building had to be reconstructed, not only did the organization survive the 1906 earthquake, everyone living and working there also survived the flu epidemic of 1918 and 1919. This despite most of the women in the home being struck down with the illness. Wu and the home’s Assistant Superintendent, Ethel Higgins, are credited with nursing everyone back to health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the Mission House continues to provide invaluable services to the Chinatown community. It offers over a thousand low-income and immigrant Asian families assistance in the form of counseling, domestic violence intervention, food distribution, after-school and summer programs, adult classes and more. Though it was renamed \u003ca href=\"https://cameronhouse.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Donaldina Cameron House\u003c/a> in 1942, the original Mission House sign remains in brickwork over the main entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880757\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13880757\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-800x1002.jpg\" alt=\"Today, 920 Sacramento Street is named Donaldina Cameron House, but the original Presbyterian Mission House sign remains in the stonework over the main entrance.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1002\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-800x1002.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-768x962.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-1020x1278.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757.jpg 1127w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Today, 920 Sacramento Street is named Donaldina Cameron House, but the original Presbyterian Mission House sign remains in the stonework over the main entrance. \u003ccite>(Rae Alexandra)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By the 1930s, as Cameron readied herself for retirement, Wu took on even more responsibility, making public appearances to raise funds and awareness, while also dealing with the immigration woes of the women in their care. She also acted as a travel guardian for women who had testified against slave dealers. (They called her “Auntie Wu.”) As if that weren’t enough, she even vetted potential grooms for the girls, investigating both their morality and financial security to be sure that the women would be safe in their new homes. Wu herself turned down a multitude of suitors. “Men are very useful,” she once said, “when it comes to moving furniture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Wu eventually retired in 1951, her beloved “Lo Mo” had long since settled on California Avenue in Palo Alto. Cameron offered Wu the cottage next door, and the two lived side-by-side until Cameron’s death in 1968. Wu is said to have been at her mentor’s side, reading from a Bible until the very end. When Wu passed away seven years later, she was buried next to her friend in Cameron’s family plot at the Evergreen Cemetery in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her \u003ca href=\"http://www.amerasiajournal.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/wu.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">small headstone\u003c/a> belies the huge importance of the life she lived. It reads only: “Tien Fuh Wu 1886-1975.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12127869\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-800x78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For stories on other Rebel Girls from Bay Area History, click \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/rebelgirls\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A book celebrating women from the Rebel Girls series, \u003ca href=\"https://citylights.com/politics-current-events-history/unsung-heroines35-women-who-changed/\">‘Unsung Heroines: 35 Women Who Changed the Bay Area,’\u003c/a> is available now from City Lights.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "The Child Slave Who Helped Rescue Thousands of Women in Chinatown | KQED",
"description": "Tien Fuh Wu was rescued from a life of abuse by Chinatown missionaries. She went on to rescue, and care for, thousands like her.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1894, when Tien Fuh Wu was rescued from a Chinatown gambling den, she was covered in so many burns, cuts and bruises that it brought tears to the eyes of the police officers who’d come to retrieve her. The two missionaries leading the rescue worked out of the Occidental Board’s Presbyterian Mission House, five blocks away on Sacramento Street, and Wu would go on to spend most of her life there—first as a defiant child, and later as the tenacious rescuer of thousands of young women and girls just like her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wu had found herself in San Francisco two years earlier, after her father had sold her to pay off his gambling debts. Somewhere between the age of six and ten, Wu—under the pretense of going to visit her grandmother—was escorted to a boat. Her father locked her inside a cabin onboard with only a toothbrush and washcloth, told her to eat her supper, and left without saying goodbye. (She never saw her family again, despite attempting to locate them decades later.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From her native province of Zehjiang, China, Wu was first taken a hundred miles north to Shanghai, then onto San Francisco via steamship. There, she was forced to work in a brothel, the Peking, as a “\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mui_tsai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mui tsai\u003c/a>.” The phrase literally means “little sister,” while her role was that of a domestic slave. When her owner at the brothel fell into debt, Wu was sold to the gambling den on Jackson Street. There, she was subjected to rigorous household chores, and physically abused by her new owner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the children sold into the Chinatown mui tsai system reached their teens, they typically transferred from a life of domestic slavery into one of forced sex work. At the turn of the century in San Francisco, this kind of trafficking was rampant, and largely ignored by city authorities. The only real challenge to the system came in the form of missionaries, keen to free the imprisoned women from what they saw as a life of sin and convert them to Christianity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880756\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13880756\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-800x768.jpg\" alt=\"920 Sacramento Street, where Tien Fuh Wu worked with Donaldina Cameron to rescue hundreds of women sold or tricked into a life of slavery and/or sexual abuse.\" width=\"800\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-800x768.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-160x154.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-768x737.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606-1020x979.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200517-183606.jpg 1431w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">920 Sacramento Street, where Tien Fuh Wu worked with Donaldina Cameron to rescue hundreds of women sold or tricked into a life of slavery and/or sexual abuse. \u003ccite>(Matty Messner)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fifteen months after Wu was rescued, 23-year-old Donaldina Cameron arrived at the Mission Home at 920 Sacramento Street to teach the girls how to sew. By the time she was 25, she had become Superintendent. Initially the willful child and the strict teacher butted heads, but over time, they grew to form a relationship that more closely resembled that of mother and daughter. As all of the girls in the home tended to do, Wu affectionately called Cameron “Lo Mo,” meaning “Old Mother.” In turn, Cameron referred to her young friend as “Blessed Tien.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Due to her need for a Chinese translator, Cameron employed girls from the Mission House to act as her aides. When Wu was in her teens, Cameron’s favorite aide, Leung Yuen Qui, contracted tuberculosis. Wu not only volunteered to nurse the gravely ill woman, but was witness to her death and the emotional devastation it caused Cameron. It was this that prompted Wu to step up to take Qui’s place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I offered to help her in the work,” Wu said later, “because I felt very sorry for her, realizing how terribly crushed she was over her co-worker’s death.” It was the beginning of a working relationship that would last both of their lifetimes and save the lives of thousands of trafficked girls and women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earning $5 a month, Wu translated for Cameron during court cases and helped supervise the Mission House. (According to Julia Flynn Siler’s account of the period, \u003ca href=\"https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/249432/the-white-devils-daughters-by-julia-flynn-siler/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The White Devil’s Daughters\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, one staff member described Wu as a “a stern taskmaster… but she was very kind and fair… so the girls trusted her.”) Most important of all, she accompanied Cameron on dangerous rescues, some of which took many months and intense investigation to orchestrate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wu’s role was of vital importance, not just for the sake of her ability to translate, but also because she put the rescued girls at ease. Brothel and slave owners commonly spread fear of “White Devils” to stop the women in their possession from seeking help. Many of those girls believed they would be in even greater danger if taken into the charge of white people. Wu—sometimes pointing to her own scars as evidence of her understanding—was the only one who could truly reassure them they were safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1908, a booklet titled \u003ca href=\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/dragon-stories-the-bowl-of-powfah-the-hundredth-maiden-naratives-sic-of-the-rescues-and-romances-of-chinese-slave-girls/oclc/82591864?referer=di&ht=edition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Dragon Stories\u003c/em>\u003c/a> was released by Oakland’s Pacific Presbyterian Publishing Company, in an effort to draw attention to the good work being done by the Chinatown missionaries. In it, a character believed to be at least partially based on Tien Fuh Wu was written about as a brave and determined hero, “excited” and “eager for the fray.” In the stories, she was presented as forcing her way into brothels, warmly reassuring young girls, and fearlessly getting them out of harm’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wu’s bravery cannot be overstated. Though everyone working at the Mission House received threats of violence for the work they were doing, Wu was targeted more than most because she herself was Chinese and therefore viewed as a traitor by the brothel owners in her midst. She was sent so many threats for doing rescue and interpretation work that, after each major rescue, Cameron would routinely stop her 4′ 11″ cohort from going out alone for weeks at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One infamous and racist letter called Wu a prostitute, a “stinking sow,” and threatened, “If God has eyes, he will certainly punish you. You have overreached yourself and in so doing, negroes, dogs and thunder will come after you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the history of the Mission House, if God’s eyes were indeed watching over it, they offered nothing but protection. Though the building had to be reconstructed, not only did the organization survive the 1906 earthquake, everyone living and working there also survived the flu epidemic of 1918 and 1919. This despite most of the women in the home being struck down with the illness. Wu and the home’s Assistant Superintendent, Ethel Higgins, are credited with nursing everyone back to health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the Mission House continues to provide invaluable services to the Chinatown community. It offers over a thousand low-income and immigrant Asian families assistance in the form of counseling, domestic violence intervention, food distribution, after-school and summer programs, adult classes and more. Though it was renamed \u003ca href=\"https://cameronhouse.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Donaldina Cameron House\u003c/a> in 1942, the original Mission House sign remains in brickwork over the main entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880757\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13880757\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-800x1002.jpg\" alt=\"Today, 920 Sacramento Street is named Donaldina Cameron House, but the original Presbyterian Mission House sign remains in the stonework over the main entrance.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1002\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-800x1002.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-768x962.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757-1020x1278.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/Screenshot_20200518-170757.jpg 1127w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Today, 920 Sacramento Street is named Donaldina Cameron House, but the original Presbyterian Mission House sign remains in the stonework over the main entrance. \u003ccite>(Rae Alexandra)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By the 1930s, as Cameron readied herself for retirement, Wu took on even more responsibility, making public appearances to raise funds and awareness, while also dealing with the immigration woes of the women in their care. She also acted as a travel guardian for women who had testified against slave dealers. (They called her “Auntie Wu.”) As if that weren’t enough, she even vetted potential grooms for the girls, investigating both their morality and financial security to be sure that the women would be safe in their new homes. Wu herself turned down a multitude of suitors. “Men are very useful,” she once said, “when it comes to moving furniture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Wu eventually retired in 1951, her beloved “Lo Mo” had long since settled on California Avenue in Palo Alto. Cameron offered Wu the cottage next door, and the two lived side-by-side until Cameron’s death in 1968. Wu is said to have been at her mentor’s side, reading from a Bible until the very end. When Wu passed away seven years later, she was buried next to her friend in Cameron’s family plot at the Evergreen Cemetery in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her \u003ca href=\"http://www.amerasiajournal.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/wu.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">small headstone\u003c/a> belies the huge importance of the life she lived. It reads only: “Tien Fuh Wu 1886-1975.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12127869\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-800x78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For stories on other Rebel Girls from Bay Area History, click \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/rebelgirls\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A book celebrating women from the Rebel Girls series, \u003ca href=\"https://citylights.com/politics-current-events-history/unsung-heroines35-women-who-changed/\">‘Unsung Heroines: 35 Women Who Changed the Bay Area,’\u003c/a> is available now from City Lights.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It all started in 1913, with a clinic housed inside an old donkey barn. The improvised medical practice was operated by a nurse so formidable and determined, not only did she provide all of the equipment needed to make the clinic functional, she worked without pay until it had sufficient donations to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nurse’s name was Bertha Wright and the clinic was all part of her larger mission to open a hospital dedicated to the care of babies and children in Oakland and Berkeley. Fifteen months after her practice in the barn opened its doors, Bertha’s hard work paid off with the opening of the area’s first children’s hospital — an institution that started in an old mansion, but continues to survive to this day as \u003ca href=\"https://localwiki.org/oakland/Children%27s_Hospital_Oakland\">UCSF’s Benioff Children’s Hospital\u003c/a>. (It was renamed in 2014, after decades as Children’s Hospital Oakland.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13877186']Bertha’s reputation as a dedicated and hardworking nurse was established far earlier than the hospital. Born in Piedmont, the middle child of three, she graduated from the California Women’s Hospital School of Nursing in San Francisco in 1901, at the age of 25. She went on to work both there and at the Nurses’ Settlement House in Potrero Hill, where she served a large population of struggling immigrants. After the 1906 earthquake, Bertha tended to the sick and wounded in refugee camps all over the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1907, as the Bay Area struggled to rebuild after the 1906 earthquake and subsequent fires, community groups and a variety of charities banded together to form the Charitable Organization Society of Berkeley. Wright was appointed Home Secretary and, while serving in that role, helped to establish the Berkeley Day Nursery, the first organization of its kind in California to offer subsidized childcare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nursery was funded by the City of Berkeley, the Berkeley Community Chest, the United Crusade, public donations and sliding scale payments from parents. Prior to the nursery opening, working women were forced to leave their children at local orphan asylums while they did their jobs. The nursery continued caring for local children until 1965.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1910, Bertha also became the first district nurse to serve underprivileged children in Alameda County. In her mission to get care to the needy by any means necessary, she went on to co-found the Public Health Nurses’ Association of Alameda County and also taught public health nursing at UC Berkeley. In her role as a visiting nurse, Bertha is said to have journeyed to hundreds of homes a week on her trusty horse and buggy. It was during these visits that Bertha became aware of the overwhelming need for hospital services that were dedicated specifically to the needs of children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During one 1912 \u003ca href=\"https://berkhistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2007_fall_newsletter.pdf\">meeting of the Berkeley Commission of Public Charities\u003c/a>, it was noted that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Ever since Miss Wright has been in Berkeley, she has [believed] that much of her effort has been wasted because of this lack of a proper place for sick children. The need of a hospital for the babies among whom we work is especially urgent because of the crowded home conditions, a certain ignorance on the part of the parents and their limited incomes, reasons which do not exist in the homes of those in more comfortable circumstances.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Wright was determined that children should not suffer due to the financial hardships of their parents. When the Baby Hospital first opened on September 16, 1914, the cost was supposed to be $1 a day for ward beds and $2.50 for private rooms, but fewer than 10 per cent of patients usually paid the full fee — if any fee at all. The hospital was able to stay open only because of a tireless group of local women who relentlessly fundraised at fairs, dinners, fashion shows and in their own communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13955066']At the time of its opening, the hospital housed a 20-bed ward on the first floor, a 10-bed ward on the second, along with five private rooms. The staff was small: three nurses, a secretary, a cook and a houseboy. Doctors were summoned from other hospitals when their assistance was required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that first year, the Baby Hospital treated 611 children. That same year, Bertha’s smaller clinic on the property saw more than 6,000 patients. In 1916, the hospital established a dental clinic. But hospital growth happened quickly. Sheer demand forced the hospital to open new wings in 1928 and 1948. By 1945, it was treating 24,500 patients a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the hospital had opened, Bertha had begun holding prenatal and baby hygiene classes at her clinic. She also helped organize the first “baby saving fairs” on the West Coast. A maternity clinic at the hospital helped to safely deliver newborns. But Bertha’s dedication to children did not stop in her working life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her time with the Charitable Organization Society, she met social worker Mabel Weed, who was also key in establishing and fundraising for the Baby Hospital. The women first moved in together in the early 1920s, and went on to lovingly raise three adopted children, Philip, Barbara and Jean. They also fostered a great many others. In fact, the 1940 census shows that, when Bertha was 62 and Mabel was 68, they were still fostering children in Palo Alto. Bertha even continued after Mabel’s death in 1957.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bertha passed away in 1971 just one month shy of her 95th birthday, after a lifetime spent in the service of children, women and all those living on the margins. She was buried close to her beloved Mabel in Alto Mesa Cemetery, Palo Alto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13966861']It’s clear from both her work and personal history that Bertha Wright was blessed with an uncommon drive and an unconventional approach to life. She is also said to have been rather imposing. In 1967 book \u003cem>The Hospital Women Built for Children\u003c/em> by Murray Morgan, Bertha is described as: “Tall and rawboned, dedicated and undemure, she could face down a practical objection with a skeptical glance. A Berkeley businessman recalls fondly, ‘She could always make me feel as if I were unbuttoned.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps Bertha’s uniqueness can be attributed to what \u003cem>American Nursing: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume 3\u003c/em> describes as “her circle of progressive feminist women friends,” as well as her “bold and adventurous family of eccentrics and inventors. A family that never said ‘What will people think?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To learn about other Rebel Girls from Bay Area History, visit the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/rebelgirls\">Rebel Girls homepage\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A book celebrating women from the Rebel Girls series, \u003ca href=\"https://citylights.com/politics-current-events-history/unsung-heroines35-women-who-changed/\">‘Unsung Heroines: 35 Women Who Changed the Bay Area,’\u003c/a> is available now from City Lights.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Bertha’s reputation as a dedicated and hardworking nurse was established far earlier than the hospital. Born in Piedmont, the middle child of three, she graduated from the California Women’s Hospital School of Nursing in San Francisco in 1901, at the age of 25. She went on to work both there and at the Nurses’ Settlement House in Potrero Hill, where she served a large population of struggling immigrants. After the 1906 earthquake, Bertha tended to the sick and wounded in refugee camps all over the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1907, as the Bay Area struggled to rebuild after the 1906 earthquake and subsequent fires, community groups and a variety of charities banded together to form the Charitable Organization Society of Berkeley. Wright was appointed Home Secretary and, while serving in that role, helped to establish the Berkeley Day Nursery, the first organization of its kind in California to offer subsidized childcare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nursery was funded by the City of Berkeley, the Berkeley Community Chest, the United Crusade, public donations and sliding scale payments from parents. Prior to the nursery opening, working women were forced to leave their children at local orphan asylums while they did their jobs. The nursery continued caring for local children until 1965.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1910, Bertha also became the first district nurse to serve underprivileged children in Alameda County. In her mission to get care to the needy by any means necessary, she went on to co-found the Public Health Nurses’ Association of Alameda County and also taught public health nursing at UC Berkeley. In her role as a visiting nurse, Bertha is said to have journeyed to hundreds of homes a week on her trusty horse and buggy. It was during these visits that Bertha became aware of the overwhelming need for hospital services that were dedicated specifically to the needs of children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During one 1912 \u003ca href=\"https://berkhistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2007_fall_newsletter.pdf\">meeting of the Berkeley Commission of Public Charities\u003c/a>, it was noted that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Ever since Miss Wright has been in Berkeley, she has [believed] that much of her effort has been wasted because of this lack of a proper place for sick children. The need of a hospital for the babies among whom we work is especially urgent because of the crowded home conditions, a certain ignorance on the part of the parents and their limited incomes, reasons which do not exist in the homes of those in more comfortable circumstances.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Wright was determined that children should not suffer due to the financial hardships of their parents. When the Baby Hospital first opened on September 16, 1914, the cost was supposed to be $1 a day for ward beds and $2.50 for private rooms, but fewer than 10 per cent of patients usually paid the full fee — if any fee at all. The hospital was able to stay open only because of a tireless group of local women who relentlessly fundraised at fairs, dinners, fashion shows and in their own communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At the time of its opening, the hospital housed a 20-bed ward on the first floor, a 10-bed ward on the second, along with five private rooms. The staff was small: three nurses, a secretary, a cook and a houseboy. Doctors were summoned from other hospitals when their assistance was required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that first year, the Baby Hospital treated 611 children. That same year, Bertha’s smaller clinic on the property saw more than 6,000 patients. In 1916, the hospital established a dental clinic. But hospital growth happened quickly. Sheer demand forced the hospital to open new wings in 1928 and 1948. By 1945, it was treating 24,500 patients a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the hospital had opened, Bertha had begun holding prenatal and baby hygiene classes at her clinic. She also helped organize the first “baby saving fairs” on the West Coast. A maternity clinic at the hospital helped to safely deliver newborns. But Bertha’s dedication to children did not stop in her working life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her time with the Charitable Organization Society, she met social worker Mabel Weed, who was also key in establishing and fundraising for the Baby Hospital. The women first moved in together in the early 1920s, and went on to lovingly raise three adopted children, Philip, Barbara and Jean. They also fostered a great many others. In fact, the 1940 census shows that, when Bertha was 62 and Mabel was 68, they were still fostering children in Palo Alto. Bertha even continued after Mabel’s death in 1957.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bertha passed away in 1971 just one month shy of her 95th birthday, after a lifetime spent in the service of children, women and all those living on the margins. She was buried close to her beloved Mabel in Alto Mesa Cemetery, Palo Alto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It’s clear from both her work and personal history that Bertha Wright was blessed with an uncommon drive and an unconventional approach to life. She is also said to have been rather imposing. In 1967 book \u003cem>The Hospital Women Built for Children\u003c/em> by Murray Morgan, Bertha is described as: “Tall and rawboned, dedicated and undemure, she could face down a practical objection with a skeptical glance. A Berkeley businessman recalls fondly, ‘She could always make me feel as if I were unbuttoned.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps Bertha’s uniqueness can be attributed to what \u003cem>American Nursing: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume 3\u003c/em> describes as “her circle of progressive feminist women friends,” as well as her “bold and adventurous family of eccentrics and inventors. A family that never said ‘What will people think?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To learn about other Rebel Girls from Bay Area History, visit the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/rebelgirls\">Rebel Girls homepage\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A book celebrating women from the Rebel Girls series, \u003ca href=\"https://citylights.com/politics-current-events-history/unsung-heroines35-women-who-changed/\">‘Unsung Heroines: 35 Women Who Changed the Bay Area,’\u003c/a> is available now from City Lights.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Happy 150th! A Brief History of Golden Gate Park in the Movies",
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"content": "\u003cp>Iconic San Francisco landscapes have long been used to enhance scenes on the silver screen. What would \u003cem>Bullitt\u003c/em> be without Steve McQueen careering \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FJZ-BHBKyos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">up and down the city’s distinctive hills\u003c/a> in his ’68 Mustang? Or \u003cem>Vertigo\u003c/em> without Kim Novak’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8cWjLMuJgo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dramatic plunge\u003c/a> into the Bay beneath the Golden Gate Bridge? And how could \u003cem>The Rock\u003c/em> exist without an \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aEt1ePZGHTY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">exploding Alcatraz\u003c/a>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its 150 years, Golden Gate Park has played host to its fair share of memorable cinematic moments, starting all the way back in 1915 with Charlie Chaplin’s \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0005571/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A Jitney Elopement\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. The silent film gave us the first ever San Francisco movie car chase, and it happened directly in front of the Murphy Windmill that stands at the western edge of the park to this day. After an old-timey sideshow, Chaplin speeds off up a dirt road that would later become the Great Highway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IiTaPSlFUdE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That same year, the 13-minute Roscoe “Fatty” Arbuckle caper \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0006296/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Wished on Mabel\u003c/em>\u003c/a> took a tour of some of the most romantic locations in the park: the Conservatory of Flowers, Stow Lake Bridge, Strawberry Hill’s waterfall and, finally, the stone path around Stow Lake, where Fatty and Mabel share a smooch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13876023\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 424px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13876023\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67057765_1071627726381433_7278911303958134784_n.jpg\" alt=\"Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle and Mabel Normand at Stow Lake in 'Wished on Mabel,' 1915; the stepping stone path today.\" width=\"424\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67057765_1071627726381433_7278911303958134784_n.jpg 424w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67057765_1071627726381433_7278911303958134784_n-160x362.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 424px) 100vw, 424px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Roscoe “Fatty” Arbuckle and Mabel Normand at Stow Lake in ‘Wished on Mabel,’ 1915; the stepping stone path today. \u003ccite>(Screenshots and photo courtesy of Tim Welsh)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>No movie has better utilized Golden Gate Park as a romantic prop though, than \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0209475/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The Wedding Planner\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. In it, Mary (Jennifer Lopez) and Steve (Matthew McConaughey) first fall for each other at a movie night at the park’s Music Concourse. (There’s a dance routine, a Ferris wheel and a rainstorm involved, naturally.) Later in the movie, when Steve attempts to comfort a crying Mary, he does so by saying, “D’you ever think about that night in the park? I do. All the time.” The couple return to the scene of their initial flirtations for the film’s finale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2001 rom-com also manages to include the single most popular movie location in all of Golden Gate Park—the Japanese Tea Gardens. In \u003cem>The Wedding Planner\u003c/em>, it’s where Steve breaks up with his fiancée after realizing that Mary is The One, but the picturesque spot in the park’s northeast corner has also found its way into \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MyzSuy1v6DM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Memoirs of a Geisha\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (2005), \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MS9Fe-ebUaA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Petulia\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1968) and noir-thrillers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bG8xNHpstUA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Portrait in Black\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1960) and \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0113451/locations#filming_locations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Jade\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1995).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13876038\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13876038\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Scenes from Golden Gate Park's Japanese Tea Garden in (above) 'Portrait in Black' (1960) and (below) 'Memoirs of a Geisha' (2005).\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-1920x1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scenes from Golden Gate Park’s Japanese Tea Garden in (above) ‘Portrait in Black’ (1960) and (below) ‘Memoirs of a Geisha’ (2005). \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Speaking of noir, 1958’s \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0051866/?ref_=fn_al_tt_4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Lineup\u003c/a>\u003c/em>—about heroin smugglers trying to retrieve packages from unsuspecting tourists—features the park’s Steinhart Aquarium (inside the California Academy of Sciences) as a murky backdrop to one such encounter. It’s possible that director Don Siegel took a cue from Orson Welles’ brooding \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0040525/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The Lady From Shanghai\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1947), in which Michael (played by Welles) uses the aquarium to meet his secret lover Elsa (Rita Hayworth). [aside postid='arts_13878883']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scene is memorably foreboding, not just because Welles and Hayworth were on the verge of real-life divorce at the time, but also because they’re surrounded by ominous-looking sea creatures, enlarged and distorted in the tanks behind them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nSvY8KcES5E\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In happier representations, Golden Gate Park is often the backdrop to new romance. Just as the Music Concourse marked the beginning of Steve and Mary’s relationship in \u003cem>The Wedding Planner\u003c/em>, it’s one of the first places we see Sasha (Ali Wong) and Marcus (Randall Park) as a couple in \u003ca href=\"https://www.netflix.com/title/80202874\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Always Be My Maybe\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. (They also visit the de Young.) Additionally, in 1972’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0069097/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Play it Again, Sam\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Allan (Woody Allen) and Linda (Diane Keaton) make dinner plans on the Music Concourse’s green benches, a date that transforms their relationship from platonic to passionate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woody Allen gravitated towards Golden Gate Park as a romantic location on more than one occasion. For his first movie, 1969’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0065063/?ref_=ttfc_fc_tt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Take The Money and Run\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, his character Virgil, a petty thief, favors the park as a location to \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSKOGevWNqc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">steal women’s purses\u003c/a>. After he attempts to snatch a bag from Louise (Janet Margolin), romance blossoms. (This is a Woody Allen film, after all…)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sexnKfuSHcg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not that Golden Gate Park is a stranger to action. In \u003cem>Dirty Harry\u003c/em>, Clint Eastwood takes down a deranged serial killer inside the park’s 10,000-seater \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GvNc24yQZA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kezar Stadium\u003c/a>. And in 1952’s \u003cem>Scaramouche\u003c/em>, Andre Moreau (played by Stewart Granger) is seen riding around the park on horseback, as he seeks vengeance against the swordsman who killed his friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13876027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 627px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13876027\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67325979_891299174590613_5466619625431105536_n.jpg\" alt=\"Stewart Granger under the Stow Lake bridge in 'Scaramouche' (1952), and the bridge today.\" width=\"627\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67325979_891299174590613_5466619625431105536_n.jpg 627w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67325979_891299174590613_5466619625431105536_n-160x245.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 627px) 100vw, 627px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stewart Granger under the Stow Lake bridge in ‘Scaramouche’ (1952), and the bridge today. \u003ccite>(Screenshots and photo courtesy of Tim Welsh)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The park was used in several \u003cem>Scaramouche\u003c/em> scenes despite the film’s setting of 18th-century France. In \u003ci>Memoirs of a Geisha\u003c/i>, the Tea Garden stood in for a school in 1930s Japan. Conversely, not all movies purporting to be in Golden Gate Park are actually filmed there. In Mel Brooks’ 1972 spoof, \u003cem>High Anxiety\u003c/em>, his famous \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e5-HNt_kupk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">parody of \u003cem>The Birds\u003c/em>\u003c/a> occurs directly after he claims to be “in the Golden Gate Park… at the north by northwest corner.” Brooks was, in fact, \u003ca href=\"https://www.movie-locations.com/movies/h/High-Anxiety.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in Pasadena\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golden Gate Park is so expansive, and its environments so varied, that movies of nearly every genre have found their backdrops within it for over 100 years. And though we’ve yet to see a sci-fi flick filmed there, perhaps \u003cem>The Matrix 4\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Venom 2—\u003c/em>both recently spotted filming on location around the city—will change that. (After all, Netflix sci-fi series \u003cem>Sense8\u003c/em> has scenes in the Japanese Tea Garden and Music Concourse.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy 150th, Golden Gate Park! Here’s to another century of movie magic.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Iconic San Francisco landscapes have long been used to enhance scenes on the silver screen. What would \u003cem>Bullitt\u003c/em> be without Steve McQueen careering \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FJZ-BHBKyos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">up and down the city’s distinctive hills\u003c/a> in his ’68 Mustang? Or \u003cem>Vertigo\u003c/em> without Kim Novak’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8cWjLMuJgo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dramatic plunge\u003c/a> into the Bay beneath the Golden Gate Bridge? And how could \u003cem>The Rock\u003c/em> exist without an \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aEt1ePZGHTY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">exploding Alcatraz\u003c/a>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its 150 years, Golden Gate Park has played host to its fair share of memorable cinematic moments, starting all the way back in 1915 with Charlie Chaplin’s \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0005571/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A Jitney Elopement\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. The silent film gave us the first ever San Francisco movie car chase, and it happened directly in front of the Murphy Windmill that stands at the western edge of the park to this day. After an old-timey sideshow, Chaplin speeds off up a dirt road that would later become the Great Highway.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/IiTaPSlFUdE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/IiTaPSlFUdE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>That same year, the 13-minute Roscoe “Fatty” Arbuckle caper \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0006296/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Wished on Mabel\u003c/em>\u003c/a> took a tour of some of the most romantic locations in the park: the Conservatory of Flowers, Stow Lake Bridge, Strawberry Hill’s waterfall and, finally, the stone path around Stow Lake, where Fatty and Mabel share a smooch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13876023\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 424px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13876023\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67057765_1071627726381433_7278911303958134784_n.jpg\" alt=\"Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle and Mabel Normand at Stow Lake in 'Wished on Mabel,' 1915; the stepping stone path today.\" width=\"424\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67057765_1071627726381433_7278911303958134784_n.jpg 424w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67057765_1071627726381433_7278911303958134784_n-160x362.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 424px) 100vw, 424px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Roscoe “Fatty” Arbuckle and Mabel Normand at Stow Lake in ‘Wished on Mabel,’ 1915; the stepping stone path today. \u003ccite>(Screenshots and photo courtesy of Tim Welsh)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>No movie has better utilized Golden Gate Park as a romantic prop though, than \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0209475/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The Wedding Planner\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. In it, Mary (Jennifer Lopez) and Steve (Matthew McConaughey) first fall for each other at a movie night at the park’s Music Concourse. (There’s a dance routine, a Ferris wheel and a rainstorm involved, naturally.) Later in the movie, when Steve attempts to comfort a crying Mary, he does so by saying, “D’you ever think about that night in the park? I do. All the time.” The couple return to the scene of their initial flirtations for the film’s finale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2001 rom-com also manages to include the single most popular movie location in all of Golden Gate Park—the Japanese Tea Gardens. In \u003cem>The Wedding Planner\u003c/em>, it’s where Steve breaks up with his fiancée after realizing that Mary is The One, but the picturesque spot in the park’s northeast corner has also found its way into \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MyzSuy1v6DM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Memoirs of a Geisha\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (2005), \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MS9Fe-ebUaA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Petulia\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1968) and noir-thrillers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bG8xNHpstUA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Portrait in Black\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1960) and \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0113451/locations#filming_locations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Jade\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1995).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13876038\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13876038\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Scenes from Golden Gate Park's Japanese Tea Garden in (above) 'Portrait in Black' (1960) and (below) 'Memoirs of a Geisha' (2005).\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/tea-gardens-1920x1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scenes from Golden Gate Park’s Japanese Tea Garden in (above) ‘Portrait in Black’ (1960) and (below) ‘Memoirs of a Geisha’ (2005). \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Speaking of noir, 1958’s \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0051866/?ref_=fn_al_tt_4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Lineup\u003c/a>\u003c/em>—about heroin smugglers trying to retrieve packages from unsuspecting tourists—features the park’s Steinhart Aquarium (inside the California Academy of Sciences) as a murky backdrop to one such encounter. It’s possible that director Don Siegel took a cue from Orson Welles’ brooding \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0040525/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>The Lady From Shanghai\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1947), in which Michael (played by Welles) uses the aquarium to meet his secret lover Elsa (Rita Hayworth). \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scene is memorably foreboding, not just because Welles and Hayworth were on the verge of real-life divorce at the time, but also because they’re surrounded by ominous-looking sea creatures, enlarged and distorted in the tanks behind them.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/nSvY8KcES5E'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/nSvY8KcES5E'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>In happier representations, Golden Gate Park is often the backdrop to new romance. Just as the Music Concourse marked the beginning of Steve and Mary’s relationship in \u003cem>The Wedding Planner\u003c/em>, it’s one of the first places we see Sasha (Ali Wong) and Marcus (Randall Park) as a couple in \u003ca href=\"https://www.netflix.com/title/80202874\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Always Be My Maybe\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. (They also visit the de Young.) Additionally, in 1972’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0069097/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Play it Again, Sam\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Allan (Woody Allen) and Linda (Diane Keaton) make dinner plans on the Music Concourse’s green benches, a date that transforms their relationship from platonic to passionate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woody Allen gravitated towards Golden Gate Park as a romantic location on more than one occasion. For his first movie, 1969’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0065063/?ref_=ttfc_fc_tt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Take The Money and Run\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, his character Virgil, a petty thief, favors the park as a location to \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSKOGevWNqc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">steal women’s purses\u003c/a>. After he attempts to snatch a bag from Louise (Janet Margolin), romance blossoms. (This is a Woody Allen film, after all…)\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/sexnKfuSHcg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/sexnKfuSHcg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Not that Golden Gate Park is a stranger to action. In \u003cem>Dirty Harry\u003c/em>, Clint Eastwood takes down a deranged serial killer inside the park’s 10,000-seater \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GvNc24yQZA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kezar Stadium\u003c/a>. And in 1952’s \u003cem>Scaramouche\u003c/em>, Andre Moreau (played by Stewart Granger) is seen riding around the park on horseback, as he seeks vengeance against the swordsman who killed his friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13876027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 627px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13876027\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67325979_891299174590613_5466619625431105536_n.jpg\" alt=\"Stewart Granger under the Stow Lake bridge in 'Scaramouche' (1952), and the bridge today.\" width=\"627\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67325979_891299174590613_5466619625431105536_n.jpg 627w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/03/67325979_891299174590613_5466619625431105536_n-160x245.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 627px) 100vw, 627px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stewart Granger under the Stow Lake bridge in ‘Scaramouche’ (1952), and the bridge today. \u003ccite>(Screenshots and photo courtesy of Tim Welsh)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The park was used in several \u003cem>Scaramouche\u003c/em> scenes despite the film’s setting of 18th-century France. In \u003ci>Memoirs of a Geisha\u003c/i>, the Tea Garden stood in for a school in 1930s Japan. Conversely, not all movies purporting to be in Golden Gate Park are actually filmed there. In Mel Brooks’ 1972 spoof, \u003cem>High Anxiety\u003c/em>, his famous \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e5-HNt_kupk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">parody of \u003cem>The Birds\u003c/em>\u003c/a> occurs directly after he claims to be “in the Golden Gate Park… at the north by northwest corner.” Brooks was, in fact, \u003ca href=\"https://www.movie-locations.com/movies/h/High-Anxiety.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in Pasadena\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golden Gate Park is so expansive, and its environments so varied, that movies of nearly every genre have found their backdrops within it for over 100 years. And though we’ve yet to see a sci-fi flick filmed there, perhaps \u003cem>The Matrix 4\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Venom 2—\u003c/em>both recently spotted filming on location around the city—will change that. (After all, Netflix sci-fi series \u003cem>Sense8\u003c/em> has scenes in the Japanese Tea Garden and Music Concourse.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy 150th, Golden Gate Park! Here’s to another century of movie magic.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
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