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"content": "\u003cp>California utilities will invest nearly $768 million to expand a network of charging stations and build other infrastructure for electric vehicles as the state moves toward a goal of 5 million zero-emission cars on the roads by 2030.[contextly_sidebar id=”8Otz20GKvE2W2ODwNEDfFvBarpZObIqX”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission voted 5-0 Thursday to pay for programs statewide over the next five years, with an emphasis on establishing facilities in disadvantaged communities where traffic and air pollution are often heaviest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The funding includes $136 million by San Diego Gas & Electric Co. to provide rebates for as many as 60,000 customers to install home charging stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas & Electric will build 230 direct current fast-charging stations, for a total of nearly $22.5 million. And PG&E and Southern California Edison will spend a combined $580 million to support the electrification of almost 15,000 medium- and heavy-duty vehicles including transit and school buses, semi-trucks, forklifts and cargo equipment at ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we’re successful with this and other electrification efforts already underway, much of the nation will likely follow California’s lead,” said CPUC Commissioner Carla J. Peterman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utilities initially asked for $1 billion to implement the projects. After a series of workshops and hearings, the CPUC decided on a budget of approximately $738 million, with an additional $29.5 million for program evaluation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overall plan is a result of a 2016 CPUC order directing utilities to submit applications proposing projects aimed at accelerating transportation electrification across all sectors, from light-duty passenger cars to medium- and heavy-duty fleet, transit and freight vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edison’s Katie Sloan estimated its projects would lead to a monthly bill increase for customers of about 50 cents over a few years. After that, she said, ratepayers will see their bills steadily drop as the infrastructure is completed.[contextly_sidebar id=”MURzGbfzpuBlzEbCG9L6iEyWDNtxBSPO”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E and SDGE did not immediately have estimates for whether their plans would increase monthly bills for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown in January outlined a $2.5 billion proposal to help Californians buy electric vehicles as part of a long-term plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Currently there are about 350,000 zero-emission vehicles on California roads; Brown wants that number to grow 15-fold over the next dozen years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic governor has positioned California as a global leader in fighting climate change amid President Donald Trump’s decision to pull the U.S. out of the Paris climate accord.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California utilities will invest nearly $768 million to expand a network of charging stations and build other infrastructure for electric vehicles as the state moves toward a goal of 5 million zero-emission cars on the roads by 2030.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission voted 5-0 Thursday to pay for programs statewide over the next five years, with an emphasis on establishing facilities in disadvantaged communities where traffic and air pollution are often heaviest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The funding includes $136 million by San Diego Gas & Electric Co. to provide rebates for as many as 60,000 customers to install home charging stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas & Electric will build 230 direct current fast-charging stations, for a total of nearly $22.5 million. And PG&E and Southern California Edison will spend a combined $580 million to support the electrification of almost 15,000 medium- and heavy-duty vehicles including transit and school buses, semi-trucks, forklifts and cargo equipment at ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we’re successful with this and other electrification efforts already underway, much of the nation will likely follow California’s lead,” said CPUC Commissioner Carla J. Peterman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utilities initially asked for $1 billion to implement the projects. After a series of workshops and hearings, the CPUC decided on a budget of approximately $738 million, with an additional $29.5 million for program evaluation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overall plan is a result of a 2016 CPUC order directing utilities to submit applications proposing projects aimed at accelerating transportation electrification across all sectors, from light-duty passenger cars to medium- and heavy-duty fleet, transit and freight vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edison’s Katie Sloan estimated its projects would lead to a monthly bill increase for customers of about 50 cents over a few years. After that, she said, ratepayers will see their bills steadily drop as the infrastructure is completed.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E and SDGE did not immediately have estimates for whether their plans would increase monthly bills for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown in January outlined a $2.5 billion proposal to help Californians buy electric vehicles as part of a long-term plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Currently there are about 350,000 zero-emission vehicles on California roads; Brown wants that number to grow 15-fold over the next dozen years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic governor has positioned California as a global leader in fighting climate change amid President Donald Trump’s decision to pull the U.S. out of the Paris climate accord.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Great White Sharks Have A Secret 'Cafe,' And They Led Scientists Right To It",
"headTitle": "Great White Sharks Have A Secret ‘Cafe,’ And They Led Scientists Right To It | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Great white sharks have a “hidden life” that is becoming a lot less hidden thanks to a scientific expedition that has been years in the making.[contextly_sidebar id=”7x1aQGoWmRFT2DRfaE8EZul4botHj0nA”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists used to think the apex predators moved up and down the western coast of North America, snacking in waters with lots of food close to shore. Almost 20 years ago, \u003ca href=\"https://schmidtocean.org/person/dr-barbara-a-block/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stanford marine biologist Barbara Block\u003c/a> started putting tags on the sharks that could track their movements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and other researchers noticed something surprising — the tags showed that the sharks were moving away from these food-rich waters and heading more than a thousand miles off the coast of Baja California in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Satellite images suggested the area was an ocean desert, a place with very little life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mystery of what was drawing the sharks to this strange place set new research into motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to know if there was a hidden oasis that was formed by the currents that we couldn’t see from space,” Block said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out, the scientists tagged over 30 great white sharks last fall — more than they had ever done in a single season. They’ve already gotten to know some of these animals from years of research. They’ve even given them names, such as Eugene, Tilden and Leona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then this spring, the research team set off on a state-of-the-art ship called \u003ca href=\"https://schmidtocean.org/rv-falkor/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the research vessel Falkor\u003c/a> toward the mysterious area, hoping to find the sharks they tagged.[contextly_sidebar id=”fCKG7i6T6oe39MShk0LxJLEXSP9olcMQ”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of expectation when you put technology on an animal and then you take an expensive ship like the Falkor with 40 people to a box in the middle of the ocean and expect that these white sharks are going to be there,” Block said, speaking from the ship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure enough, the animals were indeed swimming to this remote place, which the researchers have nicknamed the “White Shark Cafe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just as we predicted, the sharks showed up right in the cruise box,” Block added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tags were programmed to pop off and float to the surface right when the Falkor was there. Each tag that reached the surface gave off a signal — and kicked off what Block called an “open-ocean treasure hunt,” as the team tried to find something the size of a small microphone in an area about the size of Colorado. These sophisticated tags record temperature, pressure, light and time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We doubled our current 20-year data set in three weeks,” Block said. The tags have 2,500 days of data at one- to three-second intervals, allowing researchers to see how the white sharks move up and down through the water with unprecedented detail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scientists will need time to parse all of this information, including new mysteries such as why male and female sharks move differently through the water. The males move up and down rapidly — sometimes 120 times a day. Females will go up to the shallow water at night, then down much deeper in the day.[contextly_sidebar id=”IaYZs5Kx7uGlt71vtem4gg4V9GpMDqFr”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The male white shark and the female white shark are doing completely different things, and that’s not something we’ve seen so much before,” Block said. “We have to spend some time studying these behaviors to try to understand if this is courtship behavior or is this really a feeding or foraging behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And after the tags popped up, the scientists used a range of techniques to learn about the water nearby. They had a couple of saildrones, which are surface vehicles that can locate plankton and fish. They also gathered DNA from the water to figure out what is moving down there and observed creatures using a remotely operated underwater vehicle and by pulling them up in nets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We expected it to be the desert that the textbooks sort of advertised it would be,” said Bruce Robison, \u003ca href=\"https://schmidtocean.org/person/bruce-robison-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a senior scientist at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this was no desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A layer of nutrient-rich plant life exists deeper under the ocean than satellites could detect. Tiny creatures feed on it, and larger creatures feed on them. And up and up. It represents “a complete food chain, a ladder of consumption, that made us believe that there was an adequate food supply out here for big animals like tunas and the sharks,” Robison said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robison was surprised by how diverse the area was, with animals such as fish, squids, crustaceans and jellyfish. They saw totally different patterns of life in sites just a few miles away from one another, an indication of the area’s complexity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that scientists didn’t even know this area existed until sharks led them there speaks to how much we still don’t know about the ocean. In fact, according to \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/exploration.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NOAA’s National Ocean Service\u003c/a>, humans have explored just 5 percent of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People don’t really get is why it’s like that — it’s because it’s really hard to do,” Block said. She added that there could be more ocean hot spots out there that scientists are not yet aware of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Robison said all the information they gathered could help build a case for why the White Shark Cafe should be officially protected by the U.N. cultural agency. UNESCO is \u003ca href=\"https://whc.unesco.org/en/highseas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">considering recognizing and protecting it\u003c/a> by making it a World Heritage Site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Great+White+Sharks+Have+A+Secret+%27Cafe%2C%27+And+They+Led+Scientists+Right+To+It&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to know if there was a hidden oasis that was formed by the currents that we couldn’t see from space,” Block said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out, the scientists tagged over 30 great white sharks last fall — more than they had ever done in a single season. They’ve already gotten to know some of these animals from years of research. They’ve even given them names, such as Eugene, Tilden and Leona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then this spring, the research team set off on a state-of-the-art ship called \u003ca href=\"https://schmidtocean.org/rv-falkor/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the research vessel Falkor\u003c/a> toward the mysterious area, hoping to find the sharks they tagged.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of expectation when you put technology on an animal and then you take an expensive ship like the Falkor with 40 people to a box in the middle of the ocean and expect that these white sharks are going to be there,” Block said, speaking from the ship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure enough, the animals were indeed swimming to this remote place, which the researchers have nicknamed the “White Shark Cafe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just as we predicted, the sharks showed up right in the cruise box,” Block added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tags were programmed to pop off and float to the surface right when the Falkor was there. 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Females will go up to the shallow water at night, then down much deeper in the day.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The male white shark and the female white shark are doing completely different things, and that’s not something we’ve seen so much before,” Block said. “We have to spend some time studying these behaviors to try to understand if this is courtship behavior or is this really a feeding or foraging behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And after the tags popped up, the scientists used a range of techniques to learn about the water nearby. They had a couple of saildrones, which are surface vehicles that can locate plankton and fish. They also gathered DNA from the water to figure out what is moving down there and observed creatures using a remotely operated underwater vehicle and by pulling them up in nets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We expected it to be the desert that the textbooks sort of advertised it would be,” said Bruce Robison, \u003ca href=\"https://schmidtocean.org/person/bruce-robison-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a senior scientist at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this was no desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A layer of nutrient-rich plant life exists deeper under the ocean than satellites could detect. Tiny creatures feed on it, and larger creatures feed on them. And up and up. It represents “a complete food chain, a ladder of consumption, that made us believe that there was an adequate food supply out here for big animals like tunas and the sharks,” Robison said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robison was surprised by how diverse the area was, with animals such as fish, squids, crustaceans and jellyfish. They saw totally different patterns of life in sites just a few miles away from one another, an indication of the area’s complexity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that scientists didn’t even know this area existed until sharks led them there speaks to how much we still don’t know about the ocean. In fact, according to \u003ca href=\"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/exploration.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NOAA’s National Ocean Service\u003c/a>, humans have explored just 5 percent of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People don’t really get is why it’s like that — it’s because it’s really hard to do,” Block said. 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"title": "Century-Old Campaign to Take Hetch Hetchy from San Francisco Still Going",
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"content": "\u003cp>A century-old fight over a dam in Yosemite National Park is headed to a California appeals court on May 30. [contextly_sidebar id=”5DPGcSxqw2Crz7mSjetsijfYRK4XIqAS”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign to restore the once lush Hetch Hetchy Valley is among the country’s oldest environmental debates, widely credited with giving birth to environmental activism in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some environmentalists, the dam is an abomination, desecrating the valley’s natural beauty and wildlife, submerging it under 300 feet of water. San Francisco officials say the dam serves as a crucial water supply to millions of people in the San Francisco Bay area. U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein, the former mayor of San Francisco, has \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1987-08-07/news/mn-1121_1_hetch-hetchy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">called the\u003c/a> reservoir the city’s “birthright” and slammed efforts to remove it as “dumb, dumb, dumb.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit, filed by nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.hetchhetchy.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Restore Hetch Hetchy,\u003c/a> will be heard in the 5th District Court of Appeal in Fresno. The group says the dam \u003ca href=\"https://www.hetchhetchy.org/legal_campaign_update\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has been rendered obsolete\u003c/a> by newer reservoirs and water treatment technologies. The dam, they argue, violates California’s Constitutional law regulating water distribution, which prohibits any “unreasonable method of diversion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Birth of a Campaign\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1914, Congress authorized the city of San Francisco to construct the dam along the Tuolumne River in Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local legend has it that shortly after Congress approved the plan, Sierra Club co-founder John Muir \u003ca href=\"http://vault.sierraclub.org/ca/hetchhetchy/hetch_hetchy_task_force.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">died of a broken heart\u003c/a> on Christmas Eve in 1914. Muir, in his 70s at the time, was a vociferous critic of the damn’s construction and\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=F2ewWxxwn50C&pg=PA280&lpg=PA280&dq=The+San+Francisco+Chronicle+described+opponents+of+the+dam+as+%E2%80%9Choggish+and+mushy+esthetes.%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=D9Ef9c4q02&sig=J_mBk3TT0t56a584132KdA6y7fE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjH6bSU66HbAhWbIDQIHekSDksQ6AEIPTAC#v=onepage&q=hoggi&f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> once said\u003c/a>, “I’ll be relieved when it’s settled, for it’s killing me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924556\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1924556\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-800x577.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-160x115.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-768x554.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-1020x736.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-1200x866.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-1920x1385.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-1180x851.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-960x693.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-240x173.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-375x271.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-520x375.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A painting of the former Hetch Hetchy Valley by artist Albert Bierstadt. \u003ccite>(Museum of Fine Arts/Public Domain)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Muir led the national campaign against the dam’s construction and \u003ca href=\"https://nature.berkeley.edu/departments/espm/env-hist/espm160/assignments/hetch_hetchy/hetch_qts.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criticized\u003c/a> the pro-dam camp as “temple destroyers, devotees of ravaging commercialism.” San Francisco publications returned the favor, with at least one newspaper \u003ca href=\"http://www.earthisland.org/journal/index.php/elist/eListRead/a_century_later_the_battle_for_hetch_hetchy_continues/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">referring\u003c/a> to Muir and his supporters as “hoggish and mushy esthetes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the decades since, the battle to drain the reservoir has ebbed and flowed, gaining traction again in recent years due to political developments and media coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2004, former Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger asked the state’s Department of Water Resources to examine the issue, ultimately finding that an alternative is \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/pubs/environment/hetch_hetchy_restoration_study/hetch_hetchy_restoration_study_report.pdf\">feasible, but potentially costly\u003c/a>. Also that year, the Sacramento Bee \u003ca href=\"http://www.pulitzer.org/winners/tom-philp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published a series\u003c/a> of Pulitizer-winning articles that helped to revive the debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012 a San Francisco ballot initiative to conduct a study of the potential implications of dam removal was defeated.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A century-old fight over a dam in Yosemite National Park is headed to a California appeals court on May 30. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign to restore the once lush Hetch Hetchy Valley is among the country’s oldest environmental debates, widely credited with giving birth to environmental activism in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some environmentalists, the dam is an abomination, desecrating the valley’s natural beauty and wildlife, submerging it under 300 feet of water. San Francisco officials say the dam serves as a crucial water supply to millions of people in the San Francisco Bay area. U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein, the former mayor of San Francisco, has \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1987-08-07/news/mn-1121_1_hetch-hetchy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">called the\u003c/a> reservoir the city’s “birthright” and slammed efforts to remove it as “dumb, dumb, dumb.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit, filed by nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.hetchhetchy.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Restore Hetch Hetchy,\u003c/a> will be heard in the 5th District Court of Appeal in Fresno. The group says the dam \u003ca href=\"https://www.hetchhetchy.org/legal_campaign_update\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has been rendered obsolete\u003c/a> by newer reservoirs and water treatment technologies. The dam, they argue, violates California’s Constitutional law regulating water distribution, which prohibits any “unreasonable method of diversion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Birth of a Campaign\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1914, Congress authorized the city of San Francisco to construct the dam along the Tuolumne River in Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local legend has it that shortly after Congress approved the plan, Sierra Club co-founder John Muir \u003ca href=\"http://vault.sierraclub.org/ca/hetchhetchy/hetch_hetchy_task_force.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">died of a broken heart\u003c/a> on Christmas Eve in 1914. Muir, in his 70s at the time, was a vociferous critic of the damn’s construction and\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=F2ewWxxwn50C&pg=PA280&lpg=PA280&dq=The+San+Francisco+Chronicle+described+opponents+of+the+dam+as+%E2%80%9Choggish+and+mushy+esthetes.%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=D9Ef9c4q02&sig=J_mBk3TT0t56a584132KdA6y7fE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjH6bSU66HbAhWbIDQIHekSDksQ6AEIPTAC#v=onepage&q=hoggi&f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> once said\u003c/a>, “I’ll be relieved when it’s settled, for it’s killing me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924556\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1924556\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-800x577.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-160x115.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-768x554.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-1020x736.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-1200x866.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-1920x1385.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-1180x851.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-960x693.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-240x173.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-375x271.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/The_Hetch_Hetchy_Valley_California_by_Albert_Bierstadt_undated_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_Springfield_MA_-_DSC03988-520x375.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A painting of the former Hetch Hetchy Valley by artist Albert Bierstadt. \u003ccite>(Museum of Fine Arts/Public Domain)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Muir led the national campaign against the dam’s construction and \u003ca href=\"https://nature.berkeley.edu/departments/espm/env-hist/espm160/assignments/hetch_hetchy/hetch_qts.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criticized\u003c/a> the pro-dam camp as “temple destroyers, devotees of ravaging commercialism.” San Francisco publications returned the favor, with at least one newspaper \u003ca href=\"http://www.earthisland.org/journal/index.php/elist/eListRead/a_century_later_the_battle_for_hetch_hetchy_continues/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">referring\u003c/a> to Muir and his supporters as “hoggish and mushy esthetes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the decades since, the battle to drain the reservoir has ebbed and flowed, gaining traction again in recent years due to political developments and media coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2004, former Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger asked the state’s Department of Water Resources to examine the issue, ultimately finding that an alternative is \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/pubs/environment/hetch_hetchy_restoration_study/hetch_hetchy_restoration_study_report.pdf\">feasible, but potentially costly\u003c/a>. 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"content": "\u003cp>Your batteries may be ticking time bombs, according to organizers behind “Avoid the Spark,” a new nationwide campaign launched in California to teach consumers how to properly store and dispose of batteries.[contextly_sidebar id=”2xZL9a1owmEwP85fgY4i6QUgzGip1HPg”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technology, a hallmark of modern life, brings with it the good and the bad, and some of that bad comes in the form of improperly stored batteries. They’re blamed for the majority of fires at 26 waste facilities throughout California. And with 95 percent of Americans owning a cellphone and nearly half owning portable tablets, battery use will only increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, according to nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.call2recycle.org/?utm_source=California%2520press%2520release\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Call2Recycle\u003c/a>, a North American battery recycling program, many consumers do not know how to properly handle their batteries once they reach the end of their useful lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Nielsen \u003ca href=\"https://www.call2recycle.org/california-campaign-release/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">survey\u003c/a> commissioned by the group in 2016 found that 60 percent of consumers simply tossed out at least some of their single-use batteries, while 15 percent did the same with rechargeable batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of special concern are lithium batteries, the battery of choice for many cellphones, cameras, and computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Call2Recycle’s Carl Smith \u003ca href=\"http://abc7news.com/technology/avoid-the-spark-campaign-launched-to-prevent-fires/3531572/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tells ABC affiliate KGO-TV.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Even a perfectly fine laptop battery that is no longer useful can be potentially dangerous if not handled correctly at the end of life.” says Carl Smith, CEO and president of the not-for-profit, Call2Recycle, the country’s largest battery recycling program. He says if a lithium battery comes into contact with metal in just the right way, sparks can fly. “They look like fire crackers going off,” Smith said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>To avoid this risk, the group says consumers should use non-conductive duct tape or clear packing tape to cover the terminals of lithium-based batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumers should also avoid storing batteries together, which can lead to a potential explosion and exposure to hazardous materials.[contextly_sidebar id=”3fXkdiS2t16sS1VzL8IbFcmTlWQkF24A”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the batteries can form and release hydrogen, a highly volatile gas that could be ignited by elevated temperatures or static electricity, according to a study commissioned by the California Integrated Waste Management Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The accumulation of hydrogen gas can be avoided if batteries are stored in ventilated containers and/or not allowed to make physical contact [with each other],” says the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/publications/Documents/HHW/40292001.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More tips on how to store and dispose of batteries are posted at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.call2recycle.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Call2Recycle \u003c/a>website, along with a\u003ca href=\"https://www.call2recycle.org/locator/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> list of drop-off locations\u003c/a> in the Bay Area for those wishing to dispose of their batteries.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Your batteries may be ticking time bombs, according to organizers behind “Avoid the Spark,” a new nationwide campaign launched in California to teach consumers how to properly store and dispose of batteries.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technology, a hallmark of modern life, brings with it the good and the bad, and some of that bad comes in the form of improperly stored batteries. They’re blamed for the majority of fires at 26 waste facilities throughout California. And with 95 percent of Americans owning a cellphone and nearly half owning portable tablets, battery use will only increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, according to nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.call2recycle.org/?utm_source=California%2520press%2520release\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Call2Recycle\u003c/a>, a North American battery recycling program, many consumers do not know how to properly handle their batteries once they reach the end of their useful lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Nielsen \u003ca href=\"https://www.call2recycle.org/california-campaign-release/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">survey\u003c/a> commissioned by the group in 2016 found that 60 percent of consumers simply tossed out at least some of their single-use batteries, while 15 percent did the same with rechargeable batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of special concern are lithium batteries, the battery of choice for many cellphones, cameras, and computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Call2Recycle’s Carl Smith \u003ca href=\"http://abc7news.com/technology/avoid-the-spark-campaign-launched-to-prevent-fires/3531572/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tells ABC affiliate KGO-TV.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Even a perfectly fine laptop battery that is no longer useful can be potentially dangerous if not handled correctly at the end of life.” says Carl Smith, CEO and president of the not-for-profit, Call2Recycle, the country’s largest battery recycling program. He says if a lithium battery comes into contact with metal in just the right way, sparks can fly. “They look like fire crackers going off,” Smith said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>To avoid this risk, the group says consumers should use non-conductive duct tape or clear packing tape to cover the terminals of lithium-based batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumers should also avoid storing batteries together, which can lead to a potential explosion and exposure to hazardous materials.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the batteries can form and release hydrogen, a highly volatile gas that could be ignited by elevated temperatures or static electricity, according to a study commissioned by the California Integrated Waste Management Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The accumulation of hydrogen gas can be avoided if batteries are stored in ventilated containers and/or not allowed to make physical contact [with each other],” says the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/publications/Documents/HHW/40292001.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More tips on how to store and dispose of batteries are posted at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.call2recycle.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Call2Recycle \u003c/a>website, along with a\u003ca href=\"https://www.call2recycle.org/locator/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> list of drop-off locations\u003c/a> in the Bay Area for those wishing to dispose of their batteries.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "After Amazon Echo Misfire, Ways to Protect Your Own Privacy",
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"content": "\u003cp>Revelations that an Amazon Echo smart speaker inadvertently \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/59d4ee7564c54d8da6517360fd4b6a7c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sent a family’s private conversation\u003c/a> to an acquaintance highlights some unexpected risks of new voice-enabled technologies.[contextly_sidebar id=”1uvQkNFzlqFqfjEhcfiJrIgWImsOiXzs”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Amazon, the fault was an “unlikely” series of inadvertent vocal cues that triggered the speaker, caused it to begin recording and then led it to interpret subsequent conversation as a “send message” request.\u003c/p>\n\u003carticle id=\"contentArea\" class=\" \">\n\u003cdiv class=\"articleBody\">\n\u003cp>There’s no way to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/4bb11b6066224b33b11ab2702d079f03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eliminate these sorts of privacy risks\u003c/a> short of unplugging entirely. But you can minimize the odds of unpleasant privacy surprises with these tips:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— KILL THE MIC: Most smart speakers have a physical button to disable the microphone, so a private conversation can’t be recorded to begin with. You can hit that when you’re having sensitive conversations. The button on the Echo will turn red; other devices have similar cues. It doesn’t make sense to keep the mic disabled throughout the day, though. If the Echo can’t hear you, it won’t be able to order you more toilet paper or play smooth jazz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— LIMIT THE MIC: Disabling the microphone isn’t practical on a smartphone, but you can limit what apps have access to it. Go to the settings and turn off mic access to all but essential apps such as voice recorders or video conferencing. Netflix doesn’t really need voice access; you can simply type the name of the show you’re searching for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— ABOUT THAT CAMERA: Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg famously puts a piece of tape over his laptop’s camera to prevent spying if anyone were to hack his device. Buy yourself a roll. Or use bandages. If you have a home-security camera that’s connected to the internet, turn the camera to the wall when you’re home. Just remember to turn it back before you leave, or you defeat the point of having a security camera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— BLOCK THE SIGNALS: For smartphones and other gadgets you carry with you, a “Faraday bag” that blocks electromagnetic waves can help prevent unwanted spying. The good ones will block cellular and other signals, meaning privacy-compromising information such as your location won’t leak out either. Just remember, your phone won’t get any calls while it’s in the bag — that’s the whole point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— BE INFORMED: Apple, Samsung and other tech companies have worked over the years to ensure that their products work “out of the box,” without users having to pore through lengthy manuals and operating instructions. The downside is that users are often unaware of all the things their gadgets can do, good or bad. Checking reputable online reviews, how-to guides and even instructional videos will help you get the most out of new technologies. They’ll also tell you about any known glitches and risks.[contextly_sidebar id=”DQooA7JhAVK6tA185TE5TXgIPunKQ04q”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the safest approach is not to buy a new gadget in the first place. That might not be practical for smartphones these days, but do you really need a smart speaker or a television set that’s connected to the internet? (As it turns out, it’s actually difficult to buy a TV without “smart” capabilities these days, but nothing says you have to connect it at home.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From toothbrushes to slow cookers to toys, if companies can dream it up, it’s out there. Companies often release smart gadgets without thinking through the risks and ensuring their security. This makes them easy targets for malicious hackers. This is especially true with manufacturers that aren’t well known or that specialize in toys and other non-tech businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/article>\n\u003cdiv id=\"taboolaContainer\" class=\"taboolaContainer\">\n\u003cdiv id=\"taboola-below-article-text-links\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv id=\"taboola-below-article-thumbnails-2nd\" class=\" trc_related_container trc_spotlight_widget trc_elastic trc_elastic_trc_87467 \">\n\u003cdiv class=\"trc_rbox_container\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv id=\"trc_wrapper_87467\" class=\"trc_rbox organic-thumbnails-a trc-content-organic \">\n\u003cdiv id=\"trc_header_87467\" class=\"trc_rbox_header trc_rbox_border_elm\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"trc_header_ext\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Revelations that an Amazon Echo smart speaker inadvertently \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/59d4ee7564c54d8da6517360fd4b6a7c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sent a family’s private conversation\u003c/a> to an acquaintance highlights some unexpected risks of new voice-enabled technologies.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Amazon, the fault was an “unlikely” series of inadvertent vocal cues that triggered the speaker, caused it to begin recording and then led it to interpret subsequent conversation as a “send message” request.\u003c/p>\n\u003carticle id=\"contentArea\" class=\" \">\n\u003cdiv class=\"articleBody\">\n\u003cp>There’s no way to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/4bb11b6066224b33b11ab2702d079f03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eliminate these sorts of privacy risks\u003c/a> short of unplugging entirely. But you can minimize the odds of unpleasant privacy surprises with these tips:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— KILL THE MIC: Most smart speakers have a physical button to disable the microphone, so a private conversation can’t be recorded to begin with. You can hit that when you’re having sensitive conversations. The button on the Echo will turn red; other devices have similar cues. It doesn’t make sense to keep the mic disabled throughout the day, though. If the Echo can’t hear you, it won’t be able to order you more toilet paper or play smooth jazz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— LIMIT THE MIC: Disabling the microphone isn’t practical on a smartphone, but you can limit what apps have access to it. Go to the settings and turn off mic access to all but essential apps such as voice recorders or video conferencing. Netflix doesn’t really need voice access; you can simply type the name of the show you’re searching for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— ABOUT THAT CAMERA: Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg famously puts a piece of tape over his laptop’s camera to prevent spying if anyone were to hack his device. Buy yourself a roll. Or use bandages. If you have a home-security camera that’s connected to the internet, turn the camera to the wall when you’re home. Just remember to turn it back before you leave, or you defeat the point of having a security camera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— BLOCK THE SIGNALS: For smartphones and other gadgets you carry with you, a “Faraday bag” that blocks electromagnetic waves can help prevent unwanted spying. The good ones will block cellular and other signals, meaning privacy-compromising information such as your location won’t leak out either. Just remember, your phone won’t get any calls while it’s in the bag — that’s the whole point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— BE INFORMED: Apple, Samsung and other tech companies have worked over the years to ensure that their products work “out of the box,” without users having to pore through lengthy manuals and operating instructions. The downside is that users are often unaware of all the things their gadgets can do, good or bad. Checking reputable online reviews, how-to guides and even instructional videos will help you get the most out of new technologies. They’ll also tell you about any known glitches and risks.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the safest approach is not to buy a new gadget in the first place. That might not be practical for smartphones these days, but do you really need a smart speaker or a television set that’s connected to the internet? (As it turns out, it’s actually difficult to buy a TV without “smart” capabilities these days, but nothing says you have to connect it at home.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From toothbrushes to slow cookers to toys, if companies can dream it up, it’s out there. Companies often release smart gadgets without thinking through the risks and ensuring their security. This makes them easy targets for malicious hackers. This is especially true with manufacturers that aren’t well known or that specialize in toys and other non-tech businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/article>\n\u003cdiv id=\"taboolaContainer\" class=\"taboolaContainer\">\n\u003cdiv id=\"taboola-below-article-text-links\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv id=\"taboola-below-article-thumbnails-2nd\" class=\" trc_related_container trc_spotlight_widget trc_elastic trc_elastic_trc_87467 \">\n\u003cdiv class=\"trc_rbox_container\">\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv id=\"trc_wrapper_87467\" class=\"trc_rbox organic-thumbnails-a trc-content-organic \">\n\u003cdiv id=\"trc_header_87467\" class=\"trc_rbox_header trc_rbox_border_elm\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"trc_header_ext\">\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Another Dead Whale, Another Confirmed Ship Strike",
"headTitle": "Another Dead Whale, Another Confirmed Ship Strike | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Marine scientists confirmed over the weekend that a dead fin whale found on a Bolinas shore last week died because it was hit by a ship.[contextly_sidebar id=”XzRsxjgKDz6OxyRWWNN1PlEm4W0xPMOG”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the third whale in the Bay Area found to have died due to human causes in the past month, researchers at the Marine Mammal Center and the California Academy of Sciences said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbie Halaska, a researcher for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinemammalcenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marine Mammal Center\u003c/a>, said the fin whale is endangered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nobody wants to hit these guys,” Halaska said. “I mean, they’re amazing creatures, and it’s all accidents. It’s just that we’re all using the same ocean and we need to figure out how we can all use this ocean together and all survive from it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1715680/can-song-loving-robots-help-save-whales-from-ships\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the leading causes\u003c/a> of whale mortality, especially during migration periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This whale, and the one that washed ashore in the Oakland Estuary the week before, were both female and in their reproductive years,” Halaska said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924575\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/ww2.kqed_.orgDeadWhale-800x458-9bb073adc1691fb249e14032f97fa938c0101e78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"458\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A whale carcass is towed out of the Oakland estuary near Jack London Square on Friday.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669242/two-whales-found-dead-in-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">two dead whales in the Bay Area on May 18\u003c/a> — one a fin whale at Oakland’s waterfront and the other a gray whale at Tennessee Valley Beach in Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whale found in Oakland was partially submerged in an estuary near Jack London Square, and was determined to have been killed by a ship strike. The whale at Tennessee Valley Beach showed indication that entanglement was responsible for its death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those carcasses were the fourth and fifth, respectively, to be found in the Bay this year by the Marine Mammal Center, which rescues animals along 600 miles of state coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through March of this year, nine dead whales have been found along the California coastline, according to data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Last year there were 24 dead whales found in total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Billy Cruz and Muna Danish contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Marine scientists confirmed over the weekend that a dead fin whale found on a Bolinas shore last week died because it was hit by a ship.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the third whale in the Bay Area found to have died due to human causes in the past month, researchers at the Marine Mammal Center and the California Academy of Sciences said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbie Halaska, a researcher for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinemammalcenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marine Mammal Center\u003c/a>, said the fin whale is endangered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nobody wants to hit these guys,” Halaska said. “I mean, they’re amazing creatures, and it’s all accidents. It’s just that we’re all using the same ocean and we need to figure out how we can all use this ocean together and all survive from it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1715680/can-song-loving-robots-help-save-whales-from-ships\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the leading causes\u003c/a> of whale mortality, especially during migration periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This whale, and the one that washed ashore in the Oakland Estuary the week before, were both female and in their reproductive years,” Halaska said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924575\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/ww2.kqed_.orgDeadWhale-800x458-9bb073adc1691fb249e14032f97fa938c0101e78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"458\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A whale carcass is towed out of the Oakland estuary near Jack London Square on Friday.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11669242/two-whales-found-dead-in-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">two dead whales in the Bay Area on May 18\u003c/a> — one a fin whale at Oakland’s waterfront and the other a gray whale at Tennessee Valley Beach in Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whale found in Oakland was partially submerged in an estuary near Jack London Square, and was determined to have been killed by a ship strike. The whale at Tennessee Valley Beach showed indication that entanglement was responsible for its death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those carcasses were the fourth and fifth, respectively, to be found in the Bay this year by the Marine Mammal Center, which rescues animals along 600 miles of state coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through March of this year, nine dead whales have been found along the California coastline, according to data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Last year there were 24 dead whales found in total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Billy Cruz and Muna Danish contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Toxic Pesticide Use Rising At Illegal California Pot Farms",
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"content": "\u003cp>Researchers and U.S. authorities are finding what they say is an alarming increase in the use of a powerful banned pesticide at illegal marijuana farms hidden on public land in California.[contextly_sidebar id=”tnu2cVSM5BB8RzYTVxghpKA5S3c9Np56″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pesticide residue is showing up in about 30 percent of the plants themselves, researcher Mourad Gabriel told The Associated Press. U.S. and state authorities will announce Tuesday that they will use $2.5 million in federal money to target the illegal grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers found the highly toxic pesticide Carbofuran at 72 percent of grow sites last year, up from 15 percent in 2012, said Gabriel, executive director and senior ecologist at Integral Ecology Research Center and one of the few researchers studying the ecological impact of illicit grow sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has long allowed medicinal marijuana and legalized recreational pot this year. While U.S. Attorney McGregor Scott will enforce federal laws that ban the drug, he said he is targeting illicit grows on public land with cooperation from California’s attorney general and the state’s National Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is happening here is illegal for all purposes under anybody’s law,” he said in an interview before Tuesday’s announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the illegally grown California pot is destined for Midwestern and Eastern states where it is more profitable, Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other officials toured a remote contaminated grow site last week where piles of trash remained months after 3,000 to 4,000 plants were removed. Officials said they are concerned the chemical residue could wash into a watershed and eventually reach areas where increasingly rare salmon breed.[contextly_sidebar id=”FW9X1D3To0bLIZxA56NHg4xfnlSGhYtY”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A danger before legalization in California was the uncertainty of what was in pot products, but authorities say the rise in Carbofuran use poses an increased danger. Gabriel’s research found that traces of the chemical are showing up in pot but did not attempt to quantify how much was in each sample or its effects on people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chemical is intended for use as an insecticide but is so powerful that a quarter of a teaspoon can kill a 300-pound (136-kilogram) bear, Gabriel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research by Gabriel and colleagues previously showed that the use of pesticides at illegal marijuana farms is poisoning significant numbers of California’s few hundred remaining fishers, a threatened weasel-like mammal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carbofuran can’t legally be used in the United States, and every bottle found at the grow sites since 2012 has been labeled in Spanish, Gabriel said.[contextly_sidebar id=”reP3A7AaJ8yFDOyCLdIlTsHnBvwSMztT”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scott said it is being smuggled in from Mexico by drug cartels and laborers hired to clear forestland and replant it with illegal marijuana. Laborers, who must carry the plants, fertilizer, irrigation hose and camping supplies into faraway sites, tell Gabriel that the remoteness is one reason highly toxic Carbofuran is so popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What they are saying to us is this is extremely effective — it takes a little amount to kill a deer or a bear — so we don’t need to bring a lot of it to last a season,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At normal levels, a typical bottle containing less than 1 liter should be diluted with up to 5,000 gallons (18,927 liters) of water, he said. But illegal growers are diluting it with just 3 to 5 gallons (11 to 19 liters) of water to spray plants or using the concentrate directly to kill wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Carbofuran is being smuggled in from Mexico by drug cartels and laborers hired to clear forestland and replant it with illegal marijuana.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Researchers and U.S. authorities are finding what they say is an alarming increase in the use of a powerful banned pesticide at illegal marijuana farms hidden on public land in California.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pesticide residue is showing up in about 30 percent of the plants themselves, researcher Mourad Gabriel told The Associated Press. U.S. and state authorities will announce Tuesday that they will use $2.5 million in federal money to target the illegal grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers found the highly toxic pesticide Carbofuran at 72 percent of grow sites last year, up from 15 percent in 2012, said Gabriel, executive director and senior ecologist at Integral Ecology Research Center and one of the few researchers studying the ecological impact of illicit grow sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has long allowed medicinal marijuana and legalized recreational pot this year. While U.S. Attorney McGregor Scott will enforce federal laws that ban the drug, he said he is targeting illicit grows on public land with cooperation from California’s attorney general and the state’s National Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is happening here is illegal for all purposes under anybody’s law,” he said in an interview before Tuesday’s announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the illegally grown California pot is destined for Midwestern and Eastern states where it is more profitable, Scott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other officials toured a remote contaminated grow site last week where piles of trash remained months after 3,000 to 4,000 plants were removed. Officials said they are concerned the chemical residue could wash into a watershed and eventually reach areas where increasingly rare salmon breed.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A danger before legalization in California was the uncertainty of what was in pot products, but authorities say the rise in Carbofuran use poses an increased danger. Gabriel’s research found that traces of the chemical are showing up in pot but did not attempt to quantify how much was in each sample or its effects on people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chemical is intended for use as an insecticide but is so powerful that a quarter of a teaspoon can kill a 300-pound (136-kilogram) bear, Gabriel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research by Gabriel and colleagues previously showed that the use of pesticides at illegal marijuana farms is poisoning significant numbers of California’s few hundred remaining fishers, a threatened weasel-like mammal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carbofuran can’t legally be used in the United States, and every bottle found at the grow sites since 2012 has been labeled in Spanish, Gabriel said.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scott said it is being smuggled in from Mexico by drug cartels and laborers hired to clear forestland and replant it with illegal marijuana. Laborers, who must carry the plants, fertilizer, irrigation hose and camping supplies into faraway sites, tell Gabriel that the remoteness is one reason highly toxic Carbofuran is so popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What they are saying to us is this is extremely effective — it takes a little amount to kill a deer or a bear — so we don’t need to bring a lot of it to last a season,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At normal levels, a typical bottle containing less than 1 liter should be diluted with up to 5,000 gallons (18,927 liters) of water, he said. But illegal growers are diluting it with just 3 to 5 gallons (11 to 19 liters) of water to spray plants or using the concentrate directly to kill wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Like It Or Not, the Water Is Coming: Will the Bay Area Defend Against Rising Seas, or Embrace Them?",
"headTitle": "Like It Or Not, the Water Is Coming: Will the Bay Area Defend Against Rising Seas, or Embrace Them? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">Y\u003c/span>ou can shove water back from the land, or let the land flood, but either way, San Francisco Bay is getting higher. Along more than 400 miles of bayfront, in at least forty communities that touch water, the once-sneaky problem of sea level rise is revealing itself as it accelerates. At airports, at power plants, in subsiding urban areas and in shoreline development, rising seas are challenging our choices about living next to water.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘To be honest I haven’t come across an area in the world that’s as vulnerable as the Bay Area.’\u003ccite>Richard Mullane, Hassell\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A History of Defending\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">S\u003c/span>ince the days when our best gauge was a numbered stick and a sharp-eyed observer, San Francisco Bay has been rising. At the Presidio station tidal gauge, the level of the bay has risen 8 inches since 1900.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the state of California is warning nine Bay Area counties that climate change means the bay is rising faster. Extreme tides, whipped by storms, have become both more frequent and more extreme. California’s latest and best word on sea levels, a report issued last spring \u003ca href=\"http://www.oceansciencetrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/OST-Sea-Level-Rising-Report-Final_Amended.pdf\">predicts\u003c/a> that San Francisco Bay could rise from five to 15 times faster this century than the last one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As water claims more space in our bay, we can choose to embrace it, or separate ourselves from it. We can learn to love a wetter landscape, or battle flooding and the risk we perceive from it. And over the past century, we’ve mostly chosen the latter course: to defend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here’s What’s in the Path of Sea Level Rise\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Scientists say climate change could cause San Francisco Bay to rise 5 feet by 2100, a time when many of of today’s children will still be living. Everything from driving to flying to flushing your toilet is at risk.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/builder/fa879f03-a7e8-4a48-99f2-7c9666565f1a/embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our traditional historic development pattern is where we built to the bay shore or in many cases into the bay,” says \u003ca href=\"https://bos.smcgov.org/profile/dave-pine\">Dave Pine\u003c/a>, a San Mateo County supervisor. “So we don’t have any natural protection against the rising Bay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Natural protection includes mounded earth that can absorb water and lowlands where it can flood without damaging buildings or putting the power out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”dw6ZU0luAwX6x2e4o0BnRIW3uinSzyH5″]Climate change is now pressing on a shoreline devoid of that protection, a shoreline mostly locked in place by a century of development decisions. Our predecessors filled in 80% of historic marshes, widened and spread out the lowest-lying lands along the water, and built critical resources in places most likely to flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be honest I haven’t come across an area in the world that’s as vulnerable as the Bay Area,” says Richard Mullane, a principal landscape architect \u003ca href=\"https://www.hassellstudio.com/en/cms-news/introducing-hassell-principal-richard-mullane\">with the international firm Hassell\u003c/a>. Mullane has worked in Asia and Australia, and spent the past year working in San Mateo County. “There’s just so much low-lying land that’s impacted by even small amounts of sea level rise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Walls Narrow Everyone’s Options\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">P\u003c/span>lacing water treatment plants at sea level was once an engineering no-brainer: gravity drove sewage downhill, and sent treated wastewater directly into coastal waters, so these plants were more efficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924586\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2496px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924586\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2496\" height=\"1664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447.jpeg 2496w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-1200x800.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-1920x1280.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-1180x787.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-960x640.jpeg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-375x250.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-520x347.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2496px) 100vw, 2496px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Foster City Manager Jeff Moneda says it’s not just homes that are threatened by flooding from rising seas and extreme storms. It’s critical systems, including electricity and water. \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But now, fifteen water treatment plants around San Francisco Bay have a sea level rise problem, and \u003ca href=\"https://bacwa.org/document/february-16-2018-bacwa-executive-board-meeting-packet/\">a dozen more could develop one\u003c/a> within your children’s or grandchildren’s lifetimes. If one fails, people inland and upland couldn’t flush their toilets; this kind of flooding would affect five times as many people on average as coastal flooding alone does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea level rise reveals to us that, in critical ways, the line we draw between water and land is an illusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The history of bay shorelines is, we define a line that separates water and land and we function on the land side of that line,” says \u003ca href=\"https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/faculty/mark-stacey\">Mark Stacey\u003c/a>, a professor of environmental engineering at UC Berkeley who has studied the physics of the San Francisco Bay. “Shorelines are meant to be dynamic,” he says. “And once you lock them in place you’re creating an unnatural and an engineered shoreline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even one “hardened” piece of shore changes how waves and tides move throughout the bay. Seawalls and levees fortified with riprap reflect wave energy back into the bay and keep water from spreading inland. That raises water levels everywhere. As seas rise, Stacey says more walls along one part of the bay could promote more flooding in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you have the right to preserve your shorelines where they are or do you have an obligation to allow waters to go where they would naturally go?” Stacey wonders. “And what are the implications if your action affects those same questions for somebody else?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The relationships among moving waters and the surrounding land are complex, connected, and interdependent – and that’s influencing how some people envision the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924623\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Portions of San Francisco’s Embarcadero flood during a king tide on January 11, 2017. \u003ccite>(Brittany Hosea-Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Hard lines create the promise of risk reduction when they can’t really offer that,” says Marcel Wilson, a landscape architect who’s been working on solutions for sea level rise in San Rafael. “What they do is, they cause risk to be built up more and more, and if we can’t see that, then collectively we’ve learned nothing from the conditions that we’re seeing right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are Some Walls Necessary?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he problem is, year after year we’ve committed to living behind these lines. Billions of dollars in housing, critical infrastructure and other assets are defended by walls and levees. In some places, public officials say there’s no choice but the choice we’ve already made.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">’Some walls are necessary and good.’\u003ccite>Larry Goldzband, BCDC\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Two cities are seeking public support for raising walls along San Francisco Bay – Foster City voters will decide one measure on June 5, and San Francisco may weigh in on its ballot in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure P in Foster City asks voters to approve a $90 million tax to raise the city’s levee. No marshes or tidal lands protect Foster City; they were destroyed with tons of sand to create a bedroom community for Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in San Francisco, officials say multiple natural threats demand immediate repairs to the seawall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Port of San Francisco’s resilience director, Lindy Lowe, weaves among schoolkids and scooters, tourists and Tuesday lunchgoers: it’s a sunny, showoff day along the Embarcadero. Under our feet is the seawall that destroyed San Francisco’s marshlands, added acres to the city and turned the port into a deep-water powerhouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924630\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 3936px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924630\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3936\" height=\"2624\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014.jpg 3936w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3936px) 100vw, 3936px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A local playground in San Rafael that is near the city’s canal and has experienced flooding, according to Shore Up Marin. \u003ccite>(Lauren Hanussak/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the wall is vulnerable, both to king tides and earthquakes. High tides routinely spill over the Embarcadero. More important, the seawall could fail today, in a major quake. The Embarcadero could drop several feet in an instant, and critical utility, transportation and communication systems could fail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, the Port of San Francisco aims to ask voters to approve a $425 million bond to help protect the Embarcadero seawall from seismic and sea level risk. That would be the first bite into a project that could total three to five billion dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These price tags may sound high. But behind these dividing lines are billions of dollars in property. Policymakers say strengthening those defenses is both cost-effective and necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no reason to try to put a marvelous new wetland in front of the Embarcadero,” says Larry Goldzband, executive director of the Bay Conservation Development Commission. “Some walls are necessary and good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Embracing the Water By Designing With It in Mind\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2018/05/PetersonSeaLevelRisePart2.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31131_IMG_9142-sfi.jpg\" Title=\"Sea Level Rise Part II: Designing With Water In Mind\" program=\"KQED Science\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">U\u003c/span>rban designers have been exploring alternatives to walls over the last year, in the Rockefeller Foundation-funded Resilient by Design challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need things that don’t have as much maintenance,” says UC Berkeley urban ecologist Kristina Hill, a member of \u003ca href=\"http://www.resilientbayarea.org/san-leandro-bay/\">the All-Bay Collective team in East Oakland\u003c/a>. “Landscapes are strong and muscular and they do an enormous amount of work for us. This isn’t jewelry. This is muscle. This is doing work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">’Resilience is about the options that you create for yourself down the road.’\u003ccite>Marcel Wilson, Landscape Architect\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That’s logic Bay Area voters already have supported on a large scale, passing Measure AA in 2016. The $12 parcel tax now raises $25 million a year to restore tidal wetlands that have disappeared around San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are remarkable things both for the ecosystem and for flood protection,” says Dave Pine, who also chairs the San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority, which oversees Measure AA revenue. He acknowledges that there’s a gap between the need and the funds; of 22 projects that applied for the first round of restoration funds, only \u003ca href=\"http://sfbayrestore.org/sf-bay-restoration-authority-current-projects-TEST.php\">9 will get a kick-start\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landscape architect Marcel Wilson hopes San Rafael can get some of those funds. Wilson \u003ca href=\"http://www.resilientbayarea.org/san-rafael/\">has spent a year\u003c/a> in that city’s canal neighborhood, one of Marin’s most vulnerable places. Here, workforce housing shares blue water with yacht clubs. A traditional defense against rising waters here would rely on gates, bigger pumps, and taller walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Wilson’s team has been pushing to use raised earth to absorb water, and curved lines to redirect wave energy rather than bounce it back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Resilience is about the options that you create for yourself down the road,” Wilson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the canal neighborhood, that would mean sharing space with water, abandoning low-lying buildings, and using natural berms as a means of control. It’ll take a lot to accomplish, but Wilson’s not daunted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see the beginning of an era of change,” Wilson says. “I see the opportunity for intervention. I see conditions that previous generations haven’t had to solve. And that’s exciting.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "You can shove water back from the land, or let the land flood, but either way, San Francisco Bay is getting higher. Along more than 400 miles of shoreline, where at least 40 communities touch water, rising seas are challenging our choices about how to live with them.",
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"description": "You can shove water back from the land, or let the land flood, but either way, San Francisco Bay is getting higher. Along more than 400 miles of shoreline, where at least 40 communities touch water, rising seas are challenging our choices about how to live with them.",
"title": "Like It Or Not, the Water Is Coming: Will the Bay Area Defend Against Rising Seas, or Embrace Them? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">Y\u003c/span>ou can shove water back from the land, or let the land flood, but either way, San Francisco Bay is getting higher. Along more than 400 miles of bayfront, in at least forty communities that touch water, the once-sneaky problem of sea level rise is revealing itself as it accelerates. At airports, at power plants, in subsiding urban areas and in shoreline development, rising seas are challenging our choices about living next to water.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘To be honest I haven’t come across an area in the world that’s as vulnerable as the Bay Area.’\u003ccite>Richard Mullane, Hassell\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A History of Defending\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">S\u003c/span>ince the days when our best gauge was a numbered stick and a sharp-eyed observer, San Francisco Bay has been rising. At the Presidio station tidal gauge, the level of the bay has risen 8 inches since 1900.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the state of California is warning nine Bay Area counties that climate change means the bay is rising faster. Extreme tides, whipped by storms, have become both more frequent and more extreme. California’s latest and best word on sea levels, a report issued last spring \u003ca href=\"http://www.oceansciencetrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/OST-Sea-Level-Rising-Report-Final_Amended.pdf\">predicts\u003c/a> that San Francisco Bay could rise from five to 15 times faster this century than the last one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As water claims more space in our bay, we can choose to embrace it, or separate ourselves from it. We can learn to love a wetter landscape, or battle flooding and the risk we perceive from it. And over the past century, we’ve mostly chosen the latter course: to defend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here’s What’s in the Path of Sea Level Rise\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Scientists say climate change could cause San Francisco Bay to rise 5 feet by 2100, a time when many of of today’s children will still be living. Everything from driving to flying to flushing your toilet is at risk.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/builder/fa879f03-a7e8-4a48-99f2-7c9666565f1a/embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our traditional historic development pattern is where we built to the bay shore or in many cases into the bay,” says \u003ca href=\"https://bos.smcgov.org/profile/dave-pine\">Dave Pine\u003c/a>, a San Mateo County supervisor. “So we don’t have any natural protection against the rising Bay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Natural protection includes mounded earth that can absorb water and lowlands where it can flood without damaging buildings or putting the power out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Climate change is now pressing on a shoreline devoid of that protection, a shoreline mostly locked in place by a century of development decisions. Our predecessors filled in 80% of historic marshes, widened and spread out the lowest-lying lands along the water, and built critical resources in places most likely to flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be honest I haven’t come across an area in the world that’s as vulnerable as the Bay Area,” says Richard Mullane, a principal landscape architect \u003ca href=\"https://www.hassellstudio.com/en/cms-news/introducing-hassell-principal-richard-mullane\">with the international firm Hassell\u003c/a>. Mullane has worked in Asia and Australia, and spent the past year working in San Mateo County. “There’s just so much low-lying land that’s impacted by even small amounts of sea level rise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Walls Narrow Everyone’s Options\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">P\u003c/span>lacing water treatment plants at sea level was once an engineering no-brainer: gravity drove sewage downhill, and sent treated wastewater directly into coastal waters, so these plants were more efficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924586\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2496px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924586\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2496\" height=\"1664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447.jpeg 2496w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-1200x800.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-1920x1280.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-1180x787.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-960x640.jpeg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-375x250.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31120_IMG_6447-520x347.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2496px) 100vw, 2496px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Foster City Manager Jeff Moneda says it’s not just homes that are threatened by flooding from rising seas and extreme storms. It’s critical systems, including electricity and water. \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But now, fifteen water treatment plants around San Francisco Bay have a sea level rise problem, and \u003ca href=\"https://bacwa.org/document/february-16-2018-bacwa-executive-board-meeting-packet/\">a dozen more could develop one\u003c/a> within your children’s or grandchildren’s lifetimes. If one fails, people inland and upland couldn’t flush their toilets; this kind of flooding would affect five times as many people on average as coastal flooding alone does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sea level rise reveals to us that, in critical ways, the line we draw between water and land is an illusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The history of bay shorelines is, we define a line that separates water and land and we function on the land side of that line,” says \u003ca href=\"https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/faculty/mark-stacey\">Mark Stacey\u003c/a>, a professor of environmental engineering at UC Berkeley who has studied the physics of the San Francisco Bay. “Shorelines are meant to be dynamic,” he says. “And once you lock them in place you’re creating an unnatural and an engineered shoreline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even one “hardened” piece of shore changes how waves and tides move throughout the bay. Seawalls and levees fortified with riprap reflect wave energy back into the bay and keep water from spreading inland. That raises water levels everywhere. As seas rise, Stacey says more walls along one part of the bay could promote more flooding in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you have the right to preserve your shorelines where they are or do you have an obligation to allow waters to go where they would naturally go?” Stacey wonders. “And what are the implications if your action affects those same questions for somebody else?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The relationships among moving waters and the surrounding land are complex, connected, and interdependent – and that’s influencing how some people envision the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924623\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS23566_170111_KingTide_bhs09-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Portions of San Francisco’s Embarcadero flood during a king tide on January 11, 2017. \u003ccite>(Brittany Hosea-Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Hard lines create the promise of risk reduction when they can’t really offer that,” says Marcel Wilson, a landscape architect who’s been working on solutions for sea level rise in San Rafael. “What they do is, they cause risk to be built up more and more, and if we can’t see that, then collectively we’ve learned nothing from the conditions that we’re seeing right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are Some Walls Necessary?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he problem is, year after year we’ve committed to living behind these lines. Billions of dollars in housing, critical infrastructure and other assets are defended by walls and levees. In some places, public officials say there’s no choice but the choice we’ve already made.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">’Some walls are necessary and good.’\u003ccite>Larry Goldzband, BCDC\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Two cities are seeking public support for raising walls along San Francisco Bay – Foster City voters will decide one measure on June 5, and San Francisco may weigh in on its ballot in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure P in Foster City asks voters to approve a $90 million tax to raise the city’s levee. No marshes or tidal lands protect Foster City; they were destroyed with tons of sand to create a bedroom community for Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in San Francisco, officials say multiple natural threats demand immediate repairs to the seawall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Port of San Francisco’s resilience director, Lindy Lowe, weaves among schoolkids and scooters, tourists and Tuesday lunchgoers: it’s a sunny, showoff day along the Embarcadero. Under our feet is the seawall that destroyed San Francisco’s marshlands, added acres to the city and turned the port into a deep-water powerhouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924630\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 3936px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924630\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3936\" height=\"2624\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014.jpg 3936w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS30879_SeaLevel_014-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3936px) 100vw, 3936px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A local playground in San Rafael that is near the city’s canal and has experienced flooding, according to Shore Up Marin. \u003ccite>(Lauren Hanussak/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the wall is vulnerable, both to king tides and earthquakes. High tides routinely spill over the Embarcadero. More important, the seawall could fail today, in a major quake. The Embarcadero could drop several feet in an instant, and critical utility, transportation and communication systems could fail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, the Port of San Francisco aims to ask voters to approve a $425 million bond to help protect the Embarcadero seawall from seismic and sea level risk. That would be the first bite into a project that could total three to five billion dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These price tags may sound high. But behind these dividing lines are billions of dollars in property. Policymakers say strengthening those defenses is both cost-effective and necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no reason to try to put a marvelous new wetland in front of the Embarcadero,” says Larry Goldzband, executive director of the Bay Conservation Development Commission. “Some walls are necessary and good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Embracing the Water By Designing With It in Mind\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">U\u003c/span>rban designers have been exploring alternatives to walls over the last year, in the Rockefeller Foundation-funded Resilient by Design challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need things that don’t have as much maintenance,” says UC Berkeley urban ecologist Kristina Hill, a member of \u003ca href=\"http://www.resilientbayarea.org/san-leandro-bay/\">the All-Bay Collective team in East Oakland\u003c/a>. “Landscapes are strong and muscular and they do an enormous amount of work for us. This isn’t jewelry. This is muscle. This is doing work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">’Resilience is about the options that you create for yourself down the road.’\u003ccite>Marcel Wilson, Landscape Architect\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That’s logic Bay Area voters already have supported on a large scale, passing Measure AA in 2016. The $12 parcel tax now raises $25 million a year to restore tidal wetlands that have disappeared around San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are remarkable things both for the ecosystem and for flood protection,” says Dave Pine, who also chairs the San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority, which oversees Measure AA revenue. He acknowledges that there’s a gap between the need and the funds; of 22 projects that applied for the first round of restoration funds, only \u003ca href=\"http://sfbayrestore.org/sf-bay-restoration-authority-current-projects-TEST.php\">9 will get a kick-start\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landscape architect Marcel Wilson hopes San Rafael can get some of those funds. Wilson \u003ca href=\"http://www.resilientbayarea.org/san-rafael/\">has spent a year\u003c/a> in that city’s canal neighborhood, one of Marin’s most vulnerable places. Here, workforce housing shares blue water with yacht clubs. A traditional defense against rising waters here would rely on gates, bigger pumps, and taller walls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Wilson’s team has been pushing to use raised earth to absorb water, and curved lines to redirect wave energy rather than bounce it back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Resilience is about the options that you create for yourself down the road,” Wilson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the canal neighborhood, that would mean sharing space with water, abandoning low-lying buildings, and using natural berms as a means of control. It’ll take a lot to accomplish, but Wilson’s not daunted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see the beginning of an era of change,” Wilson says. “I see the opportunity for intervention. I see conditions that previous generations haven’t had to solve. And that’s exciting.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Uber self-driving vehicle that struck and killed a pedestrian \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/19/594950197/uber-suspends-self-driving-tests-after-pedestrian-is-killed-in-arizona\">two months ago\u003c/a> in Tempe, Ariz., took note of the victim with its sensors, but its software did not engage the car’s brakes to prevent the collision, according to a preliminary report \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NR20180524.aspx\">released Thursday\u003c/a> by the National Transportation Safety Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators with the federal agency determined that the car’s detection systems, including radar and laser instruments, observed a woman walking her bicycle across the road roughly six seconds before impact — likely enough time, in other words, for a vehicle driving 43 mph to brake and avoid fatally injuring the woman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it did not immediately identify the woman as a human pedestrian. Instead, the agency said, “as the vehicle and pedestrian paths converged, the self-driving system software classified the pedestrian as an unknown object, as a vehicle, and then as a bicycle with varying expectations of future travel path.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not until 1.3 seconds before impact that the car’s self-driving system “determined that an emergency braking maneuver was needed to mitigate a collision,” NTSB explained. Investigators added that the driver, who was alone in the car and survived without injuries, intervened less than a second before the crash and only began to brake after the impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As to why the software did not engage the brakes on its own, NTSB noted that this passive approach is actually an intentional part of the design. The agency explained that the vehicle, a modified 2017 Volvo XC90, comes “factory equipped” with automatic emergency braking — but that Uber’s system disables this function and others when it’s in use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“According to Uber,” the agency said, “emergency braking maneuvers are not enabled while the vehicle is under computer control, to reduce the potential for erratic vehicle behavior. The vehicle operator is relied on to intervene and take action. The system is not designed to alert the operator.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency noted that “all aspects of the self-driving system were operating normally at the time of the crash, and that there were no faults or diagnostic messages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR’s Scott Neuman \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/21/595941015/police-in-arizona-release-dashcam-video-of-fatal-crash-involving-self-driving-ca\">reported in March\u003c/a>, dashcam footage released by Tempe police showed the safety driver’s gaze apparently “divided between something inside the car and the road,” with eyes diverted for several seconds before finally looking up again just moments before impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a postcrash interview with NTSB investigators, the vehicle operator stated that she had been monitoring the self-driving system interface,” the report said. “The operator further stated that although her personal and business phones were in the vehicle, neither was in use until after the crash, when she called 911.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pedestrian, for her part, had been dressed in dark clothing and crossing the road in a section not directly illuminated by streetlights, hundreds of feet from the nearest crosswalk, according to investigators. “Toxicology test results for the pedestrian were positive for methamphetamine and marijuana,” they added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NTSB asserted several times that its probe remains ongoing, and that the preliminary report did not set out to find probable cause for the fatal collision. The agency said that investigators are still working on determining that cause, and that it intends to issue “safety recommendations to prevent similar crashes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=NTSB%3A+Uber+Self-Driving+Car+Had+Disabled+Emergency+Brake+System+Before+Fatal+Crash&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The National Transportation Safety Board's preliminary report said that sensors saw the victim. But Uber says it's the driver, not its system, that was supposed to intervene to avoid the collision.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Uber self-driving vehicle that struck and killed a pedestrian \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/19/594950197/uber-suspends-self-driving-tests-after-pedestrian-is-killed-in-arizona\">two months ago\u003c/a> in Tempe, Ariz., took note of the victim with its sensors, but its software did not engage the car’s brakes to prevent the collision, according to a preliminary report \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NR20180524.aspx\">released Thursday\u003c/a> by the National Transportation Safety Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators with the federal agency determined that the car’s detection systems, including radar and laser instruments, observed a woman walking her bicycle across the road roughly six seconds before impact — likely enough time, in other words, for a vehicle driving 43 mph to brake and avoid fatally injuring the woman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it did not immediately identify the woman as a human pedestrian. Instead, the agency said, “as the vehicle and pedestrian paths converged, the self-driving system software classified the pedestrian as an unknown object, as a vehicle, and then as a bicycle with varying expectations of future travel path.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not until 1.3 seconds before impact that the car’s self-driving system “determined that an emergency braking maneuver was needed to mitigate a collision,” NTSB explained. Investigators added that the driver, who was alone in the car and survived without injuries, intervened less than a second before the crash and only began to brake after the impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As to why the software did not engage the brakes on its own, NTSB noted that this passive approach is actually an intentional part of the design. The agency explained that the vehicle, a modified 2017 Volvo XC90, comes “factory equipped” with automatic emergency braking — but that Uber’s system disables this function and others when it’s in use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“According to Uber,” the agency said, “emergency braking maneuvers are not enabled while the vehicle is under computer control, to reduce the potential for erratic vehicle behavior. The vehicle operator is relied on to intervene and take action. The system is not designed to alert the operator.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency noted that “all aspects of the self-driving system were operating normally at the time of the crash, and that there were no faults or diagnostic messages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR’s Scott Neuman \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/03/21/595941015/police-in-arizona-release-dashcam-video-of-fatal-crash-involving-self-driving-ca\">reported in March\u003c/a>, dashcam footage released by Tempe police showed the safety driver’s gaze apparently “divided between something inside the car and the road,” with eyes diverted for several seconds before finally looking up again just moments before impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a postcrash interview with NTSB investigators, the vehicle operator stated that she had been monitoring the self-driving system interface,” the report said. “The operator further stated that although her personal and business phones were in the vehicle, neither was in use until after the crash, when she called 911.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pedestrian, for her part, had been dressed in dark clothing and crossing the road in a section not directly illuminated by streetlights, hundreds of feet from the nearest crosswalk, according to investigators. “Toxicology test results for the pedestrian were positive for methamphetamine and marijuana,” they added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NTSB asserted several times that its probe remains ongoing, and that the preliminary report did not set out to find probable cause for the fatal collision. The agency said that investigators are still working on determining that cause, and that it intends to issue “safety recommendations to prevent similar crashes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=NTSB%3A+Uber+Self-Driving+Car+Had+Disabled+Emergency+Brake+System+Before+Fatal+Crash&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Is there any way that California, generally in the vanguard on environmental issues, is not going to clash with the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-announces-appointment-mike-stoker-region-9-administrator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new Environmental Protection Agency chief\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-announces-appointment-mike-stoker-region-9-administrator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">for Region 9?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Stoker is a Republican from Central California who served as a Santa Barbara County supervisor from 1986 to 1994. He also served as chairman of the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board and served for two years as California deputy secretary of state, from 2000 to 2002. In more recent years he’s worked as a lawyer for the agricultural industry and as a spokesman for an oil and gas company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker has run unsuccessfully for Congress and the California Legislature. He was a Trump delegate to the 2016 Republican National Convention and has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.com/news/2017/jan/19/santa-barbarans-stoked-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">credited with starting the “lock her up” chant\u003c/a> referring to Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker has taken reliably pro-industry stances in the past, says Nick Welsh, managing editor of the Santa Barbara Independent, who has known Stoker for about 30 years. As a county supervisor, Stoker argued against a ballot measure that would have puts limits on offshore oil drilling. The general feeling among Santa Barbara residents is, says Welsh: “If you don’t like what the EPA is doing and think government should have less reach, he’s the guy for the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As chief of Region 9, which is EPA’s Pacific Southwest office, Stoker is in charge of enforcing federal environmental laws throughout California, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, the Pacific Islands, and about 150 Native American tribes. While he will not be in a position of setting policy, he will set the tone for how thoroughly his office of 700 EPA staffers presses polluters to comply with regulations. Regional EPA offices also help states in meeting their climate goals, provide technical input to large development projects and offer grants to local governments and organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in the last few weeks, EPA Region 9 has \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/us-epa-trainings-help-protect-communities-lead-based-paint-health-hazards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">organized trainings\u003c/a> to teach low-income contractors and construction workers how to reduce lead exposure during renovations. In early May, it \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/california-receive-1275-million-improve-air-quality-san-joaquin-valley-south-coast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">awarded $13 million to air districts\u003c/a> in the San Joaquin Valley and South Coast to replace heavily polluting buses with zero- or low-emissions models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office is headquartered in San Francisco. It is not clear, however, if Stoker will move to the City by the Bay. According to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-epa-pick-san-francisco-20180517-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report by the Los Angeles Times,\u003c/a> stoker intends to lead from a small satellite office near L.A.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California is often at the forefront of the nation’s environmental movement and any efforts to address climate change. But, President Trump’s new appointment of Mike Stoker to lead EPA's Southwest Region has many environmentalists concerned.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Is there any way that California, generally in the vanguard on environmental issues, is not going to clash with the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-announces-appointment-mike-stoker-region-9-administrator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new Environmental Protection Agency chief\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-announces-appointment-mike-stoker-region-9-administrator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">for Region 9?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Stoker is a Republican from Central California who served as a Santa Barbara County supervisor from 1986 to 1994. He also served as chairman of the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board and served for two years as California deputy secretary of state, from 2000 to 2002. In more recent years he’s worked as a lawyer for the agricultural industry and as a spokesman for an oil and gas company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker has run unsuccessfully for Congress and the California Legislature. He was a Trump delegate to the 2016 Republican National Convention and has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.com/news/2017/jan/19/santa-barbarans-stoked-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">credited with starting the “lock her up” chant\u003c/a> referring to Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker has taken reliably pro-industry stances in the past, says Nick Welsh, managing editor of the Santa Barbara Independent, who has known Stoker for about 30 years. As a county supervisor, Stoker argued against a ballot measure that would have puts limits on offshore oil drilling. The general feeling among Santa Barbara residents is, says Welsh: “If you don’t like what the EPA is doing and think government should have less reach, he’s the guy for the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As chief of Region 9, which is EPA’s Pacific Southwest office, Stoker is in charge of enforcing federal environmental laws throughout California, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, the Pacific Islands, and about 150 Native American tribes. While he will not be in a position of setting policy, he will set the tone for how thoroughly his office of 700 EPA staffers presses polluters to comply with regulations. Regional EPA offices also help states in meeting their climate goals, provide technical input to large development projects and offer grants to local governments and organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in the last few weeks, EPA Region 9 has \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/us-epa-trainings-help-protect-communities-lead-based-paint-health-hazards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">organized trainings\u003c/a> to teach low-income contractors and construction workers how to reduce lead exposure during renovations. In early May, it \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/california-receive-1275-million-improve-air-quality-san-joaquin-valley-south-coast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">awarded $13 million to air districts\u003c/a> in the San Joaquin Valley and South Coast to replace heavily polluting buses with zero- or low-emissions models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office is headquartered in San Francisco. It is not clear, however, if Stoker will move to the City by the Bay. According to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-epa-pick-san-francisco-20180517-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report by the Los Angeles Times,\u003c/a> stoker intends to lead from a small satellite office near L.A.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
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"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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