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"title": "Dozens of Water Systems Consolidate in California’s Farming Heartland",
"headTitle": "Dozens of Water Systems Consolidate in California’s Farming Heartland | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Joaquin Valley, one of the most productive farming regions in the nation, an estimated 150,000 people are stuck living with contaminated drinking water. When they open a tap to fill a cooking pot or take a shower, the water that gushes out is contaminated with nitrates, hexavalent chromium, arsenic and other nasties from polluted wells.[contextly_sidebar id=”BXxHEiwGfcQkkmUN7w7VU8pQHE73VUWT”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The good news: Help is available to many of these small community water systems, provided they can merge with a neighboring utility that has clean water.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Estimating how many such mergers are under way is difficult, because they are at different stages and some may not have reached the attention of state regulators yet. A \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://innovation.luskin.ucla.edu/content/adopting-county-policies-which-limit-public-water-system-sprawl-and-promote-small-system-con\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">University of California, Los Angeles study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> released last year estimated 32 mergers are in progress. Camille Pannu, director of the Water Justice Center at the University of California, Davis, said there are probably more than 50 mergers in the works in the San Joaquin Valley alone. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the number, the process can be expensive and laborious, despite state laws meant to ease the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s definitely a multiyear – often many-year – process,” said Nell Green Nylen, a senior research fellow at the Wheeler Water Institute at \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> Davis. “A big part of it is funding. And there can be a number of different agencies at different levels that need to be involved.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Green Nylen is coauthor of a \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.law.berkeley.edu/research/clee/research/wheeler/learning-from-consolidations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">new report\u003c/span>\u003c/a> summarizing the challenges of water system consolidation. They range from financing problems to a lack of basic data needed to understand the water-quality problems that need solving.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">There are legal and bureaucratic challenges, as well. For instance, in the unincorporated town of Tooleville in Tulare County, groundwater wells are contaminated by hexavalent chromium, also known as chromium-6 (the chemical made famous by the 2000 film “Erin Brockovich”). The town of fewer than 400 people has been trying to merge its tiny mutual water company with the municipal water system in the neighboring city of Exeter, which has more than 10,000 residents.[contextly_sidebar id=”5x6EMoTNwScXLen0hWQSc4sC4m8oo3uH”]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We can’t cook with the water. We can’t drink it,” said Maria Olivera, a board member of the Tooleville water system and a resident of the town since 1974. “We really need help. Everybody is hoping it will be solved.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">An agreement for the merger finally appears close at hand. But now a financing problem has emerged. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The state’s water-quality standard for hexavalent chromium was struck down by a May 2017 court ruling. The lawsuit was filed by the California Manufacturers and Technology Association and the Solano County Taxpayers Association. The court agreed with the plaintiffs that the state failed to investigate whether compliance with the standard is economically feasible.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">As a result, the State Water Resources Control Board was forced to withdraw its water-quality standard for hexavalent chromium while it works on revisions. With no standard in place, water systems trying to solve hexavalent chromium problems are not eligible for state grant funding. Which means Tooleville must seek another source of money to pay for the construction to connect with Exeter’s system.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">In the meantime, the \u003c/span>state is providing Tooleville with bottled water for drinking and cooking. The tainted well water is still used for cleaning, irrigating and everything else that people need water for. But recently the pump burned out at one of the town’s two wells. If the same should happen at Tooleville’s other well, the town’s water emergency will worsen considerably.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We don’t have any money to buy a pump and then to hire a person to manage it, and then to pay the electricity bill for the water pumps,” Olivera said. “We are in a big problem right now because there’s no money.”[contextly_sidebar id=”xHtF69SRn5Ztvx5jGx3yCqAMHCppO19V”]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">A state law passed in 2015, \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/programs/compliance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Senate Bill 88\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, authorized the State Water Resources Control Board to require water system consolidations to fix water quality or reliability problems. Since the law passed, the water board has notified 25 water agencies they must consolidate – all in the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Fortunately, the construction required to physically connect one water agency with another may be fairly easy in many cases. A \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> Davis \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://regionalchange.ucdavis.edu/publication/water-justice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> released in February found that 66 percent of disadvantaged communities in the San Joaquin Valley are within 500ft of another water utility that meets drinking water standards. For the rest, the distance is 3 or more miles, which could make a connection too expensive.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_132038\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-132038\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180607135056/EastPorterville21.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1027\" height=\"574\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"wp-caption-text\">Peter Aranzazu, left, and Benny Zurita install new water lines in East Porterville, Calif., so homes can connect to a new water supply provided by the city of Porterville. East Porterville lived with groundwater problems for years until the connection was finally made in 2016. (Florence Low, California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Not all water system mergers involve full consolidation. Sometimes, water agencies might want to work together without merging completely. Neighboring water agencies might want to build an intertie, for example, in order to share water resources. But Green Nylen said state assistance programs tend to be available only for full mergers – another weakness in the regulatory process.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">One possibility of a partial merger is unfolding in Sacramento County, where the San Juan Water District and Sacramento Suburban Water District have talked for several years about combining resources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">San Juan is primarily a surface-water agency, with water rights in the American River. Sacramento Suburban primarily relies on groundwater. Combined, the agencies serve around 340,000 people.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">If the two could agree to work together and build the necessary plumbing connections, San Juan could use Sacramento Suburban’s groundwater during drought years when American River water might be in short supply. Then, in wet years, it could use American River water to recharge Sacramento Suburban’s aquifers.[contextly_sidebar id=”dzHxoRfmqkHnJJ7XbCTWkFBX7rliqlAf”]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“On the face of it, it would seem to give us more opportunity to optimize use of our water supply,” said Paul Helliker, general manager of San Juan Water District. “This is particularly important as we look at what the future holds with climate change and changing regulatory requirements.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">In 2015, board members of the two agencies held a joint meeting to discuss moving ahead with some kind of cooperating agreement. It could range from a full merger to simply collaborating on joint projects. San Juan’s board of directors voted unanimously in favor of proceeding with further negotiations. But the Sacramento Suburban board voted 3-2 against it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The two agencies recently restarted discussions, Helliker said. Each board has formed a two-member subcommittee for more joint meetings to discuss what form of cooperation to pursue.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">In any merger, some of the trickiest issues do not involve money or laws at all, Green Nylen said. Rather, the sticky issues are about who will be in charge, which employees will be retained and deciding whose operating rules are best.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Also, ratepayers often have a variety of concerns. They may fear losing control of “their” water supply. And they may worry about rate increases under a newly consolidated water utility.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“The current round of consolidations has focused on systems where water treatment is just not affordable or financially sustainable unless systems merge,” said Pannu at \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> Davis. “My understanding is that the state is triaging cases based on the public health impact.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/06/11/dozens-of-water-systems-consolidate-in-californias-farming-heartland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater%2farticles%2f2016%2f07%2f07%2fnine-experts-to-watch-on-california-water-policy\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Joaquin Valley, one of the most productive farming regions in the nation, an estimated 150,000 people are stuck living with contaminated drinking water. When they open a tap to fill a cooking pot or take a shower, the water that gushes out is contaminated with nitrates, hexavalent chromium, arsenic and other nasties from polluted wells.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The good news: Help is available to many of these small community water systems, provided they can merge with a neighboring utility that has clean water.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Estimating how many such mergers are under way is difficult, because they are at different stages and some may not have reached the attention of state regulators yet. A \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://innovation.luskin.ucla.edu/content/adopting-county-policies-which-limit-public-water-system-sprawl-and-promote-small-system-con\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">University of California, Los Angeles study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> released last year estimated 32 mergers are in progress. Camille Pannu, director of the Water Justice Center at the University of California, Davis, said there are probably more than 50 mergers in the works in the San Joaquin Valley alone. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the number, the process can be expensive and laborious, despite state laws meant to ease the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s definitely a multiyear – often many-year – process,” said Nell Green Nylen, a senior research fellow at the Wheeler Water Institute at \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> Davis. “A big part of it is funding. And there can be a number of different agencies at different levels that need to be involved.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Green Nylen is coauthor of a \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.law.berkeley.edu/research/clee/research/wheeler/learning-from-consolidations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">new report\u003c/span>\u003c/a> summarizing the challenges of water system consolidation. They range from financing problems to a lack of basic data needed to understand the water-quality problems that need solving.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">There are legal and bureaucratic challenges, as well. For instance, in the unincorporated town of Tooleville in Tulare County, groundwater wells are contaminated by hexavalent chromium, also known as chromium-6 (the chemical made famous by the 2000 film “Erin Brockovich”). The town of fewer than 400 people has been trying to merge its tiny mutual water company with the municipal water system in the neighboring city of Exeter, which has more than 10,000 residents.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We can’t cook with the water. We can’t drink it,” said Maria Olivera, a board member of the Tooleville water system and a resident of the town since 1974. “We really need help. Everybody is hoping it will be solved.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">An agreement for the merger finally appears close at hand. But now a financing problem has emerged. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The state’s water-quality standard for hexavalent chromium was struck down by a May 2017 court ruling. The lawsuit was filed by the California Manufacturers and Technology Association and the Solano County Taxpayers Association. The court agreed with the plaintiffs that the state failed to investigate whether compliance with the standard is economically feasible.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">As a result, the State Water Resources Control Board was forced to withdraw its water-quality standard for hexavalent chromium while it works on revisions. With no standard in place, water systems trying to solve hexavalent chromium problems are not eligible for state grant funding. Which means Tooleville must seek another source of money to pay for the construction to connect with Exeter’s system.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">In the meantime, the \u003c/span>state is providing Tooleville with bottled water for drinking and cooking. The tainted well water is still used for cleaning, irrigating and everything else that people need water for. But recently the pump burned out at one of the town’s two wells. If the same should happen at Tooleville’s other well, the town’s water emergency will worsen considerably.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“We don’t have any money to buy a pump and then to hire a person to manage it, and then to pay the electricity bill for the water pumps,” Olivera said. “We are in a big problem right now because there’s no money.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">A state law passed in 2015, \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/programs/compliance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Senate Bill 88\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, authorized the State Water Resources Control Board to require water system consolidations to fix water quality or reliability problems. Since the law passed, the water board has notified 25 water agencies they must consolidate – all in the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Fortunately, the construction required to physically connect one water agency with another may be fairly easy in many cases. A \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> Davis \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://regionalchange.ucdavis.edu/publication/water-justice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">study\u003c/span>\u003c/a> released in February found that 66 percent of disadvantaged communities in the San Joaquin Valley are within 500ft of another water utility that meets drinking water standards. For the rest, the distance is 3 or more miles, which could make a connection too expensive.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_132038\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-132038\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180607135056/EastPorterville21.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1027\" height=\"574\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"wp-caption-text\">Peter Aranzazu, left, and Benny Zurita install new water lines in East Porterville, Calif., so homes can connect to a new water supply provided by the city of Porterville. East Porterville lived with groundwater problems for years until the connection was finally made in 2016. (Florence Low, California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Not all water system mergers involve full consolidation. Sometimes, water agencies might want to work together without merging completely. Neighboring water agencies might want to build an intertie, for example, in order to share water resources. But Green Nylen said state assistance programs tend to be available only for full mergers – another weakness in the regulatory process.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">One possibility of a partial merger is unfolding in Sacramento County, where the San Juan Water District and Sacramento Suburban Water District have talked for several years about combining resources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">San Juan is primarily a surface-water agency, with water rights in the American River. Sacramento Suburban primarily relies on groundwater. Combined, the agencies serve around 340,000 people.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">If the two could agree to work together and build the necessary plumbing connections, San Juan could use Sacramento Suburban’s groundwater during drought years when American River water might be in short supply. Then, in wet years, it could use American River water to recharge Sacramento Suburban’s aquifers.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“On the face of it, it would seem to give us more opportunity to optimize use of our water supply,” said Paul Helliker, general manager of San Juan Water District. “This is particularly important as we look at what the future holds with climate change and changing regulatory requirements.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">In 2015, board members of the two agencies held a joint meeting to discuss moving ahead with some kind of cooperating agreement. It could range from a full merger to simply collaborating on joint projects. San Juan’s board of directors voted unanimously in favor of proceeding with further negotiations. But the Sacramento Suburban board voted 3-2 against it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">The two agencies recently restarted discussions, Helliker said. Each board has formed a two-member subcommittee for more joint meetings to discuss what form of cooperation to pursue.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">In any merger, some of the trickiest issues do not involve money or laws at all, Green Nylen said. Rather, the sticky issues are about who will be in charge, which employees will be retained and deciding whose operating rules are best.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Also, ratepayers often have a variety of concerns. They may fear losing control of “their” water supply. And they may worry about rate increases under a newly consolidated water utility.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“The current round of consolidations has focused on systems where water treatment is just not affordable or financially sustainable unless systems merge,” said Pannu at \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> Davis. “My understanding is that the state is triaging cases based on the public health impact.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/06/11/dozens-of-water-systems-consolidate-in-californias-farming-heartland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater%2farticles%2f2016%2f07%2f07%2fnine-experts-to-watch-on-california-water-policy\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The season of summer blockbusters is in full swing. From the rollicking space adventure of “Solo,” to the universe-spanning “Avengers: Infinity War,” characters are dodging blasters, collecting stones of power, and falling in love as their world hangs in peril.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We’re not trying to be the accuracy police. For us, it’s a lot more about inspiration.’\u003ccite>Rick Loverd,\u003cbr>\nScience & Entertainment Exchange\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It’s a lot of popcorn, and whole lot of fun. It’s also a chance to lose yourself in new imaginary worlds. Sometimes what you see on screen can become inspiration for real life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of present-day scientists who might point to a character like Spock as a point of inspiration that got them interested in science is many,” says Rick Loverd, program director of the \u003ca href=\"http://scienceandentertainmentexchange.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science & Entertainment Exchange\u003c/a>, a project of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasonline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Academy of Sciences\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our job here at the Exchange to try to facilitate as many of those moments as possible for the next generation of kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The service is free and works best, Loverd says, when a researcher connects with a storyteller early on, while the project is still being envisioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we’re happy to help at anytime,” Loverd says, “we’re most excited by those projects where a screenwriter calls us up and says, ‘Hey, I just had an idea. It involves time travel and I’d love to talk to a scientist.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loverd helped “Black Panther” movie makers conceive the city of Wakanda, for example, finding architects, city planners and anthropologists to contribute to a document the crew used as a reference for the history, culture and layout of Wakanda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lovered recently spoke with KQED Science editor Danielle Venton about what science can offer to Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1925504\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 548px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1925504\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"548\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1.jpg 3500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black Panther toys are displayed to attendees at the Hasbro showroom during the annual New York Toy Fair, on February 20, 2018, in New York. \u003ccite>(EDUARDO MUNOZ ALVAREZ/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DANIELLE VENTON:\u003c/strong> I wanted to know, is this really about getting the science right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RICK LOVERD:\u003c/strong> For us, we’re not trying to be the accuracy police and the least interesting consults for us, though we’re happy to do them, are the ones where we’re just fact checking. For us it’s a lot more about inspiration and about giving storytellers ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> What’s an example or two of a Hollywood movie that really got the science right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> I’d like to say that it’s not always important to get the science right. You know, especially in the narrative summer popcorn movie. Some of the more exciting science moments for me have come in Marvel films, not necessarily because they have deadly accuracy in them, but because they’re seen by so many people. And a character like Shuri from “Black Panther,” has an opportunity to inspire a lot of kids into science and engineering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2LqzF5WauAw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also another example that I like is “Interstellar.” Because the visualization of the black hole actually was based on a Nobel Laureate’s work. We hear about black holes our whole lives and we kind of have this image of the absence of light. But when you see it in “Interstellar,” it’s actually quite vibrant and bright. I think that moment of wonder when you see the unexpected and then you later find out that there’s some truth to it, those are really the moments that the Science & Entertainment Exchange tries to facilitate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> I gotta say though as someone who has a science degree, when I’m watching a movie and there is something just obviously inaccurate it completely pulls me out of the story. I might be a curmudgeon but I can’t suspend my belief if I’m like, ‘Oh, that definitely couldn’t happen.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>[contextly_sidebar id=”uK4SZByLMh3UzYH99lxqWsSmDzKpBgWc”]\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> I can tell you that that is something that no filmmaker wants. But I don’t think that these mistakes usually are intentionally done, and when they are intentionally done I actually have no problem with the idea of a storyteller knowing what the facts are, and then saying, ‘You know what? It’s going to serve my story better to not be completely accurate in this situation.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> Some of my colleagues who are extreme movie fans had a couple of extra questions for you, if you’re game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> Okay, alright.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> Alright, if you had unlimited resources, which company would you hire to build a real Iron Man suit?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> There are places like the Media lab at MIT where there’s just such a trove of brilliant minds that I would definitely feel comfortable that they’d be able to make something pretty spectacular, given unlimited resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ue80QwXMRHg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> To the best of your knowledge what is Thor’s hammer composed of?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> Well it was forged in a dying star, so it’s gotta be made of some exotic materials that are super dense. Actually, there are materials that exist, I understand, in dying stars in our universe that are extraordinarily dense that could be targets for something like Thor’s hammer. I don’t know exactly, other than the magic of the character and the mystique of Thor, why one person would be able to lift it and another person would not, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV: \u003c/strong>That’s a mystery that will have to stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The season of summer blockbusters is in full swing. From the rollicking space adventure of “Solo,” to the universe-spanning “Avengers: Infinity War,” characters are dodging blasters, collecting stones of power, and falling in love as their world hangs in peril.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘We’re not trying to be the accuracy police. For us, it’s a lot more about inspiration.’\u003ccite>Rick Loverd,\u003cbr>\nScience & Entertainment Exchange\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It’s a lot of popcorn, and whole lot of fun. It’s also a chance to lose yourself in new imaginary worlds. Sometimes what you see on screen can become inspiration for real life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of present-day scientists who might point to a character like Spock as a point of inspiration that got them interested in science is many,” says Rick Loverd, program director of the \u003ca href=\"http://scienceandentertainmentexchange.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science & Entertainment Exchange\u003c/a>, a project of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasonline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Academy of Sciences\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our job here at the Exchange to try to facilitate as many of those moments as possible for the next generation of kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The service is free and works best, Loverd says, when a researcher connects with a storyteller early on, while the project is still being envisioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we’re happy to help at anytime,” Loverd says, “we’re most excited by those projects where a screenwriter calls us up and says, ‘Hey, I just had an idea. It involves time travel and I’d love to talk to a scientist.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loverd helped “Black Panther” movie makers conceive the city of Wakanda, for example, finding architects, city planners and anthropologists to contribute to a document the crew used as a reference for the history, culture and layout of Wakanda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lovered recently spoke with KQED Science editor Danielle Venton about what science can offer to Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1925504\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 548px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1925504\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"548\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1.jpg 3500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/06/GettyImages-921755700-1-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black Panther toys are displayed to attendees at the Hasbro showroom during the annual New York Toy Fair, on February 20, 2018, in New York. \u003ccite>(EDUARDO MUNOZ ALVAREZ/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DANIELLE VENTON:\u003c/strong> I wanted to know, is this really about getting the science right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RICK LOVERD:\u003c/strong> For us, we’re not trying to be the accuracy police and the least interesting consults for us, though we’re happy to do them, are the ones where we’re just fact checking. For us it’s a lot more about inspiration and about giving storytellers ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> What’s an example or two of a Hollywood movie that really got the science right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> I’d like to say that it’s not always important to get the science right. You know, especially in the narrative summer popcorn movie. Some of the more exciting science moments for me have come in Marvel films, not necessarily because they have deadly accuracy in them, but because they’re seen by so many people. And a character like Shuri from “Black Panther,” has an opportunity to inspire a lot of kids into science and engineering.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/2LqzF5WauAw'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/2LqzF5WauAw'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Also another example that I like is “Interstellar.” Because the visualization of the black hole actually was based on a Nobel Laureate’s work. We hear about black holes our whole lives and we kind of have this image of the absence of light. But when you see it in “Interstellar,” it’s actually quite vibrant and bright. I think that moment of wonder when you see the unexpected and then you later find out that there’s some truth to it, those are really the moments that the Science & Entertainment Exchange tries to facilitate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> I gotta say though as someone who has a science degree, when I’m watching a movie and there is something just obviously inaccurate it completely pulls me out of the story. I might be a curmudgeon but I can’t suspend my belief if I’m like, ‘Oh, that definitely couldn’t happen.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> I can tell you that that is something that no filmmaker wants. But I don’t think that these mistakes usually are intentionally done, and when they are intentionally done I actually have no problem with the idea of a storyteller knowing what the facts are, and then saying, ‘You know what? It’s going to serve my story better to not be completely accurate in this situation.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> Some of my colleagues who are extreme movie fans had a couple of extra questions for you, if you’re game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> Okay, alright.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> Alright, if you had unlimited resources, which company would you hire to build a real Iron Man suit?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> There are places like the Media lab at MIT where there’s just such a trove of brilliant minds that I would definitely feel comfortable that they’d be able to make something pretty spectacular, given unlimited resources.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ue80QwXMRHg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ue80QwXMRHg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV:\u003c/strong> To the best of your knowledge what is Thor’s hammer composed of?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>RL:\u003c/strong> Well it was forged in a dying star, so it’s gotta be made of some exotic materials that are super dense. Actually, there are materials that exist, I understand, in dying stars in our universe that are extraordinarily dense that could be targets for something like Thor’s hammer. I don’t know exactly, other than the magic of the character and the mystique of Thor, why one person would be able to lift it and another person would not, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DV: \u003c/strong>That’s a mystery that will have to stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/news/coastal-communities-saw-record-number-of-high-tide-flooding-days-last-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">High-tide flooding\u003c/a> driven by climate change is breaking records on all coasts of the United States, occurring at twice the rate from just 30 years ago, according to a new federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/monitoring-content/sotc/national/2018/may/2017_State_of_US_High_Tide_Flooding.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report. [contextly_sidebar id=”lcEC3bZenOqJwJnQ5s5KmWNuUYubI0yv”]\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as sea levels rise, coastal flooding will continue to break records over the next few decades at an accelerated rate, according to the \u003ca style=\"color: #41a62a\" href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. average high tide flood frequency is now 50 percent greater since 2000 and 100 percent greater than it was 30 years ago,” the NOAA report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several cities faced more than 20 days of coastal flooding over the last year even outside of big storms. The top five cities that saw the highest number of flood days and broke records are Boston; Atlantic City, New Jersey; Sandy Hook, New Jersey; Sabine Pass, Texas; and Galveston, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Sa\u003cspan class=\"highlight selected\">n Die\u003c/span>go established itself as the state’s coastal flooding hotspot with a record‐breaking 13 days of coastal flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency measured rates of high-tide flooding at 98 locations along the U.S. coastline. More than a quarter of the locations tied or broke their previous records, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As relative sea level increases, it no longer takes a strong storm or a hurricane to cause coastal high tide flooding,” the report said. “High tide flooding causes frequent road closures, overwhelmed storm drains, and compromised infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As noted in recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924579/like-it-or-not-the-water-is-coming-will-the-bay-area-defend-against-rising-seas-or-embrace-them\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reports by KQED, \u003c/a>global warming could cause San Francisco Bay to rise 5 feet by 2100:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Now the state of California is warning nine Bay Area counties that climate change means the bay is rising faster. Extreme tides, whipped by storms, have become both more frequent and more extreme. California’s latest and best word on sea levels, a report issued last spring, \u003ca href=\"http://www.oceansciencetrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/OST-Sea-Level-Rising-Report-Final_Amended.pdf\">predicts\u003c/a> that San Francisco Bay could rise from five to 15 times faster this century than the last one.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Despite all this, the NOAA report finds that some cities are ill-prepared for what’s to come. In Boston for instance, a recent city-backed study criticized a plan to protect the city from rising sea levels. From \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/06062018/coastal-flooding-data-sea-level-rise-climate-change-noaa-report-high-tide-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Inside Climate News\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Another proposal envisions a harbor-wide barrier system that would close during major storms and cost billions of dollars. But last week, a city-backed study \u003ca href=\"http://www.wbur.org/news/2018/05/30/boston-harbor-barrier-flooding-umass-study\">recommended against building a barrier\u003c/a>, saying the money would be better spent on smaller-scale measures, such as flood walls or green infrastructure.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And in New York City, a major coastal barrier that was planned for lower Manhattan has run into significant obstacles. Also from \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/06062018/coastal-flooding-data-sea-level-rise-climate-change-noaa-report-high-tide-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Inside Climate News:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>New York, which also tied its record of 15 days of tidal flooding, has launched various initiatives…But a signature coastal project that would erect berms and walls to protect lower Manhattan—known as “The Big U”—has \u003ca href=\"https://www.wnyc.org/story/five-years-later-sandy-project-grinding/\">faced delays and been scaled back\u003c/a> due to its high costs.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“Across the whole of the U.S. coastline, we are in dire need of action,” Ben Horton, a Rutgers University researcher,\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/high-tide-flooding-in-the-u-s-is-twice-what-it-was-30-years-ago-noaa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> told CBS news.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp> \u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2018/06/06/u-s-coastal-areas-flooded-more-than-ever-in-past-year-due-to-sea-level-rise-and-storms/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.027c47d21364\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington Post\u003c/a> notes that nowhere in the NOAA report is the term “climate change” mentioned, something that has become a hallmark of the Trump administration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Neither the announcement of the high-tide flooding record, the accompanying summary nor the technical report mention the words “climate change,” which scientists widely believe is the underlying cause of sea-level rise and the increasing tides.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a conference call this week, report co-author William Sweet of NOAA’s Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services, told reporters that a third of sea level rise is currently driven by thermal expansion of ocean water, and two-thirds is now caused by the melting of land-based ice around the world — both processes that are clearly symptoms of global warming.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/news/coastal-communities-saw-record-number-of-high-tide-flooding-days-last-year\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">High-tide flooding\u003c/a> driven by climate change is breaking records on all coasts of the United States, occurring at twice the rate from just 30 years ago, according to a new federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/monitoring-content/sotc/national/2018/may/2017_State_of_US_High_Tide_Flooding.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as sea levels rise, coastal flooding will continue to break records over the next few decades at an accelerated rate, according to the \u003ca style=\"color: #41a62a\" href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. average high tide flood frequency is now 50 percent greater since 2000 and 100 percent greater than it was 30 years ago,” the NOAA report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several cities faced more than 20 days of coastal flooding over the last year even outside of big storms. The top five cities that saw the highest number of flood days and broke records are Boston; Atlantic City, New Jersey; Sandy Hook, New Jersey; Sabine Pass, Texas; and Galveston, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Sa\u003cspan class=\"highlight selected\">n Die\u003c/span>go established itself as the state’s coastal flooding hotspot with a record‐breaking 13 days of coastal flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency measured rates of high-tide flooding at 98 locations along the U.S. coastline. More than a quarter of the locations tied or broke their previous records, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As relative sea level increases, it no longer takes a strong storm or a hurricane to cause coastal high tide flooding,” the report said. “High tide flooding causes frequent road closures, overwhelmed storm drains, and compromised infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As noted in recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924579/like-it-or-not-the-water-is-coming-will-the-bay-area-defend-against-rising-seas-or-embrace-them\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reports by KQED, \u003c/a>global warming could cause San Francisco Bay to rise 5 feet by 2100:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Now the state of California is warning nine Bay Area counties that climate change means the bay is rising faster. Extreme tides, whipped by storms, have become both more frequent and more extreme. California’s latest and best word on sea levels, a report issued last spring, \u003ca href=\"http://www.oceansciencetrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/OST-Sea-Level-Rising-Report-Final_Amended.pdf\">predicts\u003c/a> that San Francisco Bay could rise from five to 15 times faster this century than the last one.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Despite all this, the NOAA report finds that some cities are ill-prepared for what’s to come. In Boston for instance, a recent city-backed study criticized a plan to protect the city from rising sea levels. From \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/06062018/coastal-flooding-data-sea-level-rise-climate-change-noaa-report-high-tide-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Inside Climate News\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Another proposal envisions a harbor-wide barrier system that would close during major storms and cost billions of dollars. But last week, a city-backed study \u003ca href=\"http://www.wbur.org/news/2018/05/30/boston-harbor-barrier-flooding-umass-study\">recommended against building a barrier\u003c/a>, saying the money would be better spent on smaller-scale measures, such as flood walls or green infrastructure.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And in New York City, a major coastal barrier that was planned for lower Manhattan has run into significant obstacles. Also from \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/06062018/coastal-flooding-data-sea-level-rise-climate-change-noaa-report-high-tide-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Inside Climate News:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>New York, which also tied its record of 15 days of tidal flooding, has launched various initiatives…But a signature coastal project that would erect berms and walls to protect lower Manhattan—known as “The Big U”—has \u003ca href=\"https://www.wnyc.org/story/five-years-later-sandy-project-grinding/\">faced delays and been scaled back\u003c/a> due to its high costs.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“Across the whole of the U.S. coastline, we are in dire need of action,” Ben Horton, a Rutgers University researcher,\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/high-tide-flooding-in-the-u-s-is-twice-what-it-was-30-years-ago-noaa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> told CBS news.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp> \u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2018/06/06/u-s-coastal-areas-flooded-more-than-ever-in-past-year-due-to-sea-level-rise-and-storms/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.027c47d21364\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington Post\u003c/a> notes that nowhere in the NOAA report is the term “climate change” mentioned, something that has become a hallmark of the Trump administration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Neither the announcement of the high-tide flooding record, the accompanying summary nor the technical report mention the words “climate change,” which scientists widely believe is the underlying cause of sea-level rise and the increasing tides.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a conference call this week, report co-author William Sweet of NOAA’s Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services, told reporters that a third of sea level rise is currently driven by thermal expansion of ocean water, and two-thirds is now caused by the melting of land-based ice around the world — both processes that are clearly symptoms of global warming.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Major changes could be ahead for the International Space Station but there will always be an American astronaut in orbit, NASA’s new boss said Wednesday.[contextly_sidebar id=”zJzEBIgahv5hd8UpesMA1QxLSIPNsftO”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space agency is already talking with private companies about potentially taking over the space lab after 2025, but no decision will made without the other 21 countries that are partners in the project, NASA Administrator James Bridenstine said in his first briefing with reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump’s recent budget requests have put discussions about the station’s future “on steroids,” he said. Under Trump’s 2019 proposed budget, U.S. funding for the space station would end by 2025. The U.S. has spent more than $75 billion on the space station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Options include splitting the station into different segments or reducing its size by breaking it up and discarding one part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But no matter what happens, there won’t be any gap when Americans aren’t in space, Bridenstine vowed. It won’t be like after the Apollo moon program closed or even the retirement of the space shuttle fleet, which has forced NASA to pay Russia to ferry astronauts to the station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are kids graduating from high school this month, that their entire lives, we’ve had an astronaut in space,” Bridenstine said. “And we want that to live on in perpetuity forever. No gaps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies are interested in running the station and “there’s a range of options” that are just now being examined, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first station piece was launched in 1998. The complex was essentially completed with the end of the shuttle program in 2011. It is about the size of a six-bedroom house, complete with two bathrooms, a gym and a 360-degree bay window. It usually has a crew of six.[contextly_sidebar id=”DJGpeaBcgcmEbdVCwVwVNRljvjmlzpSS”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In wide-ranging remarks, the former Oklahoma Republican congressman said he generally supports NASA’s Earth science missions, including missions that monitor heat-trapping carbon dioxide. He said at least three climate science satellites that the Trump administration had tried to cancel earlier in budget proposals “could all end up in very good shape” and that he supported them in Congress, crossing party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going forth with missions that are going to do carbon monitoring,” he said, ticking off a couple of projects. “We’re committed to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When told that a Pew Research poll out Wednesday said that 63 percent of Americans said NASA’s top priority should be monitoring key parts of Earth’s climate, Bridenstine said “good” and reiterated his acceptance of human-caused climate change as a threat to national security and the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bridenstine also said he hopes NASA will put some kind of small robotic landers on the moon next year, followed at some later date by humans. Astronauts should use the moon as a “proving ground” for future missions to Mars, especially checking out potential health issues for living far away from Earth for a long time. He said he worried about balance, vision, bone loss and heart issues that have been reported with space station astronauts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do not want to go to Mars and have our astronauts to be marshmallows on the surface of Mars,” Bridenstine said. “The moon is our best opportunity to be successful when we go to Mars.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Major changes could be ahead for the International Space Station but there will always be an American astronaut in orbit, NASA’s new boss said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space agency is already talking with private companies about potentially taking over the space lab after 2025, but no decision will made without the other 21 countries that are partners in the project, NASA Administrator James Bridenstine said in his first briefing with reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump’s recent budget requests have put discussions about the station’s future “on steroids,” he said. Under Trump’s 2019 proposed budget, U.S. funding for the space station would end by 2025. The U.S. has spent more than $75 billion on the space station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Options include splitting the station into different segments or reducing its size by breaking it up and discarding one part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But no matter what happens, there won’t be any gap when Americans aren’t in space, Bridenstine vowed. It won’t be like after the Apollo moon program closed or even the retirement of the space shuttle fleet, which has forced NASA to pay Russia to ferry astronauts to the station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are kids graduating from high school this month, that their entire lives, we’ve had an astronaut in space,” Bridenstine said. “And we want that to live on in perpetuity forever. No gaps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies are interested in running the station and “there’s a range of options” that are just now being examined, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first station piece was launched in 1998. The complex was essentially completed with the end of the shuttle program in 2011. It is about the size of a six-bedroom house, complete with two bathrooms, a gym and a 360-degree bay window. It usually has a crew of six.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In wide-ranging remarks, the former Oklahoma Republican congressman said he generally supports NASA’s Earth science missions, including missions that monitor heat-trapping carbon dioxide. He said at least three climate science satellites that the Trump administration had tried to cancel earlier in budget proposals “could all end up in very good shape” and that he supported them in Congress, crossing party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going forth with missions that are going to do carbon monitoring,” he said, ticking off a couple of projects. “We’re committed to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When told that a Pew Research poll out Wednesday said that 63 percent of Americans said NASA’s top priority should be monitoring key parts of Earth’s climate, Bridenstine said “good” and reiterated his acceptance of human-caused climate change as a threat to national security and the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bridenstine also said he hopes NASA will put some kind of small robotic landers on the moon next year, followed at some later date by humans. Astronauts should use the moon as a “proving ground” for future missions to Mars, especially checking out potential health issues for living far away from Earth for a long time. He said he worried about balance, vision, bone loss and heart issues that have been reported with space station astronauts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do not want to go to Mars and have our astronauts to be marshmallows on the surface of Mars,” Bridenstine said. “The moon is our best opportunity to be successful when we go to Mars.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Election Results for Key Environmental Measures",
"headTitle": "Election Results for Key Environmental Measures | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Here are the latest results for statewide and local environmental measures in the Tuesday, June 5 election. [contextly_sidebar id=”eb4d011iERKs7EC9Sr4VsyAF9Bdehaqs”]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Statewide Measures \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>With 99.4 percent of statewide precincts reporting …\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924321/proposition-68-money-for-parks-beaches-and-water-projects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 68: Money for Parks, Beaches, Water Projects\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Passed with 56 percent of the vote\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This measure allocates 4.1 billion dollars to improve crumbling infrastructure at state beaches and parks, and pay for water projects, such as groundwater cleanup, flood protection, and water recycling. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924223/proposition-70-who-decides-how-to-spend-california-climate-funds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 70: Who Decides How to Spend California Climate Funds\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Failed with 36 percent of the vote\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This measure, which landed on the ballot as the result of a political trade-off, requires a two-thirds vote of the legislature to release revenues from the state’s cap-and-trade program, which helps regulate greenhouse gas pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924022/prop-72-encourages-homeowners-to-capture-rainwater\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 72: Capture Rainwater, Get a Tax Break\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Passed with 83 percent of the vote\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeowners who install rainwater catchment systems would not have to pay property taxes on the home improvement. The value of the rainwater system would be added into the home’s value when the home sells.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>San Francisco \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/441395/sf-voters-may-ban-vape-flavors-menthol-cigarettes\">Proposition E Would Ban Menthol Cigarettes, Vape Flavors\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Passed with 68 percent of the vote (100 percent of precincts reporting)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">Proposition E would make San Francisco the first U.S. city to ban flavored tobacco products from all store shelves. This includes everything from gummi bear and other candy flavored e-cigarettes to conventional menthol smokes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"text-align: left\">\u003cstrong>Foster City\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924576/measure-p-foster-citys-90-million-tax-to-defend-against-rising-seas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure P: Foster City’s $90 Million Tax to Defend Against Rising Seas\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Passed with 80 percent of the vote (15 of 15 precincts reporting)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just one thing stands between Foster City and the bay: an earthen levee. Voters in the San Mateo County city will decide whether to tax themselves to raise it, or run a higher risk of flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Napa Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924151/measure-c-has-fiercely-divided-napas-wine-industry-heres-whats-at-stake\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure C Has Fiercely Divided Napa’s Wine Industry. Here’s What’s At Stake\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Too close to call: Yes 7,188 No 7,148 (170 of 170 precincts reporting) \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/DocumentCenter/View/8722/Final-Unofficial-Election-Night-Report---Primary-Election-06052018-1039pm-PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Latest results from Napa County here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A controversial environmental proposal in Napa County aims to protect oak woodlands and water quality by limiting how many trees can be cut to make room for vineyards.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Here are the latest results for statewide and local environmental measures in the Tuesday, June 5 election. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Statewide Measures \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>With 99.4 percent of statewide precincts reporting …\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924321/proposition-68-money-for-parks-beaches-and-water-projects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 68: Money for Parks, Beaches, Water Projects\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Passed with 56 percent of the vote\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This measure allocates 4.1 billion dollars to improve crumbling infrastructure at state beaches and parks, and pay for water projects, such as groundwater cleanup, flood protection, and water recycling. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924223/proposition-70-who-decides-how-to-spend-california-climate-funds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 70: Who Decides How to Spend California Climate Funds\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Failed with 36 percent of the vote\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This measure, which landed on the ballot as the result of a political trade-off, requires a two-thirds vote of the legislature to release revenues from the state’s cap-and-trade program, which helps regulate greenhouse gas pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924022/prop-72-encourages-homeowners-to-capture-rainwater\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 72: Capture Rainwater, Get a Tax Break\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Passed with 83 percent of the vote\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeowners who install rainwater catchment systems would not have to pay property taxes on the home improvement. The value of the rainwater system would be added into the home’s value when the home sells.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>San Francisco \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/441395/sf-voters-may-ban-vape-flavors-menthol-cigarettes\">Proposition E Would Ban Menthol Cigarettes, Vape Flavors\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Passed with 68 percent of the vote (100 percent of precincts reporting)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">Proposition E would make San Francisco the first U.S. city to ban flavored tobacco products from all store shelves. This includes everything from gummi bear and other candy flavored e-cigarettes to conventional menthol smokes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"text-align: left\">\u003cstrong>Foster City\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924576/measure-p-foster-citys-90-million-tax-to-defend-against-rising-seas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure P: Foster City’s $90 Million Tax to Defend Against Rising Seas\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Passed with 80 percent of the vote (15 of 15 precincts reporting)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just one thing stands between Foster City and the bay: an earthen levee. Voters in the San Mateo County city will decide whether to tax themselves to raise it, or run a higher risk of flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Napa Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924151/measure-c-has-fiercely-divided-napas-wine-industry-heres-whats-at-stake\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure C Has Fiercely Divided Napa’s Wine Industry. Here’s What’s At Stake\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Too close to call: Yes 7,188 No 7,148 (170 of 170 precincts reporting) \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/DocumentCenter/View/8722/Final-Unofficial-Election-Night-Report---Primary-Election-06052018-1039pm-PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Latest results from Napa County here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A controversial environmental proposal in Napa County aims to protect oak woodlands and water quality by limiting how many trees can be cut to make room for vineyards.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Measure P: Foster City Overwhelmingly Votes for $90 Million Tax to Defend Against Rising Seas",
"headTitle": "Measure P: Foster City Overwhelmingly Votes for $90 Million Tax to Defend Against Rising Seas | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>UPDATE: Voters overwhelmingly approved Foster City Measure P by a roughly 80-20 margin, in one of the first major tests of a community’s willingness to tax itself to gird against climate change impacts.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only thing between Foster City and the salty San Francisco Bay is an earthen wall, eight miles long, fronted with crushed up concrete and riprap to defend against the sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Foster City is the canary in the coal mine for the Bay Area.’\u003ccite>Mark Stacey, UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On one level, the San Mateo County suburb’s voters face a straightforward choice about this levee on the June 5 ballot: whether to tax themselves to raise it, or run a higher risk of flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But amid \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1920819/treasure-island-is-sinking-as-seas-are-rising-and-so-are-other-bay-area-cities\">new reports of sinking land\u003c/a> and rising seas, Foster City’s Measure P also offers the Bay Area’s first example for what one bayfront community is willing to do against the threat of climate-induced flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Foster City is the canary in the coal mine for the Bay Area,” says UC Berkeley environmental engineering professor Mark Stacey, \u003ca href=\"https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/faculty/mark-stacey\">who has studied sea level rise in the bay\u003c/a>. “They’re facing an immediate decision on what to do with their shorelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Foster City’s Risk of Flooding\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Manager Jeff Moneda stands atop Foster City’s levee — it’s 13 feet above sea level — and looks down across Beach Park Boulevard at homes with a bayfront view, some worth millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would receive the direct impact first if levees were to be breached,” Moneda says. Behind them, he says all of Foster City is “pretty much” at sea level: once water got in, it would stay on low land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2496px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924708\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2496\" height=\"1664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1.jpg 2496w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2496px) 100vw, 2496px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Riprap and earth stand between San Francisco Bay and Foster City. \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like other vulnerable places, Foster City has always possessed a mechanical and engineered defense against water; here, a man-made lagoon, connected to the bay, is its central component. When storms are on the way, the public works department lowers the lagoon to ready it for more water, and pumps what’s collected out to the bay. But Moneda says changing conditions would test the system by which the city manages water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If sea level were to rise to where the levee is breached,” he says, “the pumps could definitely not keep up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Risk to private property isn’t the only reason city leaders are seeking support for Measure P. Moneda points to Foster City’s water and emergency systems, also right here at sea level: they could flood too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”gznrjQjhtM0anBFX9T1jHEA7c1fklU7M”]“Flushing their toilets, drinking water, ability to take a shower. All of those would be compromised. And then electricity of course,” Moneda says. “The essentials to function on a day-to-day basis would definitely be affected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a concern for the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The agency has been remapping the region to assess the true risk of flood, in part because of climate change. Four years ago, FEMA notified Foster City leaders that the odds of water surging over this levee in a storm are too high, and this levee is far too low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless the city has a solution underway by fall, FEMA intends to declare the area a flood hazard zone. Homeowners with federally-backed mortgages or risk-averse lenders would have to buy flood insurance. Some fear that with a flood hazard disclosure, property values could drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘The essentials to function on a day-to-day basis would definitely be affected.’\u003ccite>Jeff Moneda, City Manager, Foster City\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Beyond that, raising the levee to meet FEMA requirements draws the attention of the Bay Conservation Development Commission, which has authority over the first hundred feet inland for all four hundred miles of bay shoreline. The BCDC requires consideration of sea level rise in proposed developments; Foster City did that by hiring consultants, who recommended planning for 2 feet of sea level rise within 32 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the city proposes to sink steel reinforcements in bay mud to raise the levee up to 8 feet higher, to meet FEMA’s flood requirements, and BCDC’s development guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure P would authorize Foster City to purchase $90 million in bonds, and pay for them with a special tax of about $40 per $100,000 in property valuation. If you bought a house there today at the market average, you’d be looking at another $560 a year in taxes. The city contrasts that with the cost of flood insurance inside a special hazard zone; Moneda says officials called local insurance agents and priced that at $3,000 a year or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924585\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2496px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924585\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418.jpeg\" alt=\"City Manager Jeff Moneda, standing on a levee.\" width=\"2496\" height=\"1664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418.jpeg 2496w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-1200x800.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-1920x1280.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-1180x787.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-960x640.jpeg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-375x250.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-520x347.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2496px) 100vw, 2496px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">City Manager Jeff Moneda shows how high the city’s new levee needs to be to cope with sea level rise. Foster City voters will decide whether to raise the bayfront levee up to 8 feet higher, at a cost of $90 million. \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The levee improvement is the only option,” says Moneda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What One City’s Wall Means to Another\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even one “hardened” piece of shore changes how waves and tides move throughout the bay, says UC Berkeley’s Mark Stacey. Seawalls and levees fortified with riprap reflect wave energy back into the bay and keep water from spreading inland. That raises water levels everywhere. As seas rise, Stacey says more walls along one part of the bay could promote more flooding in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One levee in Foster City is small scale. “But if San Mateo acts next in this way and Redwood Shores acts after that,” Stacey says, “And if each of these communities are individually and incrementally pursuing this path, that’s when you start to see the regional impacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other cities along the southern edge of San Francisco Bay are watching what happens with Measure P: some, because they share an interest in funding pumps and walls, and others, nervously.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘This is a big jump. So maybe it’s just too big a leap for the public to swallow. We’ll find out.’\u003ccite>Bob Cushman, Foster City resident\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In a comment letter about the proposal to raise the Foster City levee, Alameda County’s Flood Control District \u003ca href=\"https://www.fostercity.org/sites/default/files/fileattachments/community_development/page/4961/fc-levee-rtc_final.pdf\">has argued that\u003c/a> “[i]mpacts from the Foster City levee modifications may or may not be small, but the cumulative impacts of Foster City’s Project combined with other future shoreline projects around the San Francisco Bay will exacerbate these effects on others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda officials and other critics of the proposal also question whether one city should lead policy on climate change, when a regional, national, or even international response may be more effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They include former city leaders and the son of Foster City’s namesake, \u003ca href=\"http://www.samceda.org/san-mateo-county-economic-development/samceda-board/t-jack-foster-jr\">T. Jack Foster, Jr.\u003c/a>, himself one of the original developers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is This Necessary, or an Overreaction?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Fosters \u003ca href=\"https://www.xlibris.com/bookstore/bookdetail.aspx?bookid=SKU-0118054049\">arrived\u003c/a>, this land was Brewer Island, named for the farmer who levied off marshlands around 1900 to create hay for cattle, while nearby, salt dried in flats for the Leslie Salt company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fosters bought 3000 acres of land, dried it out, and dumped another 18 million cubic yards of sand and fill on top of it. Now 89, T. Jack Foster, Jr., doesn’t accept the conclusion that sea level rise is happening fast. And he says in development, they planned for some land to sink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, after 50 years, if I’m asked what I would do different, I’d say not one single thing,” Foster, Junior, says. “I’m so proud of the way everything’s turned out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says FEMA’s wrong, and that Foster City is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The aesthetic damage it does, you can put up with a certain amount of that if you get some benefit otherwise,” he says, about a higher levee. “But I don’t see any benefit at this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a home on Foster’s lagoon, longtime resident Bob Cushman also opposes Measure P.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think Jack Foster was a genius when he designed [this place],” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lagoon curves behind his home in the Admirals neighborhood: glassy, dyed blue-green. Cushman’s back deck view is man-made, and he loves it. In the 1990s, he and his wife worked hard to get it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After church every Sunday we drove through this neighborhood for two years,” Cushman says. “And we finally saw a stake in the front yard there: for sale by owner. We stopped and bought the house. We were so lucky.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cushman’s got several objections to Measure P. For one thing, he says, Foster City is sitting on tens of millions of dollars, money already in city coffers that could contribute to the cost of higher levees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For another, he points out that the city’s made it through high water before, and he credits the engineered defense offered by the levee, the pumps, and the lagoon for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while he does think climate change merits some response by Foster City, he wonders if up to eight feet of additional levee is an overreaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a big jump,” Cushman says. “So maybe it’s just too big a leap for the public to swallow. We’ll find out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>UPDATE: Voters overwhelmingly approved Foster City Measure P by a roughly 80-20 margin, in one of the first major tests of a community’s willingness to tax itself to gird against climate change impacts.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only thing between Foster City and the salty San Francisco Bay is an earthen wall, eight miles long, fronted with crushed up concrete and riprap to defend against the sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Foster City is the canary in the coal mine for the Bay Area.’\u003ccite>Mark Stacey, UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On one level, the San Mateo County suburb’s voters face a straightforward choice about this levee on the June 5 ballot: whether to tax themselves to raise it, or run a higher risk of flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But amid \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1920819/treasure-island-is-sinking-as-seas-are-rising-and-so-are-other-bay-area-cities\">new reports of sinking land\u003c/a> and rising seas, Foster City’s Measure P also offers the Bay Area’s first example for what one bayfront community is willing to do against the threat of climate-induced flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Foster City is the canary in the coal mine for the Bay Area,” says UC Berkeley environmental engineering professor Mark Stacey, \u003ca href=\"https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/faculty/mark-stacey\">who has studied sea level rise in the bay\u003c/a>. “They’re facing an immediate decision on what to do with their shorelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Foster City’s Risk of Flooding\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Manager Jeff Moneda stands atop Foster City’s levee — it’s 13 feet above sea level — and looks down across Beach Park Boulevard at homes with a bayfront view, some worth millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would receive the direct impact first if levees were to be breached,” Moneda says. Behind them, he says all of Foster City is “pretty much” at sea level: once water got in, it would stay on low land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2496px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924708\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2496\" height=\"1664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1.jpg 2496w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31123_IMG_6463-1-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2496px) 100vw, 2496px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Riprap and earth stand between San Francisco Bay and Foster City. \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like other vulnerable places, Foster City has always possessed a mechanical and engineered defense against water; here, a man-made lagoon, connected to the bay, is its central component. When storms are on the way, the public works department lowers the lagoon to ready it for more water, and pumps what’s collected out to the bay. But Moneda says changing conditions would test the system by which the city manages water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If sea level were to rise to where the levee is breached,” he says, “the pumps could definitely not keep up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Risk to private property isn’t the only reason city leaders are seeking support for Measure P. Moneda points to Foster City’s water and emergency systems, also right here at sea level: they could flood too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>“Flushing their toilets, drinking water, ability to take a shower. All of those would be compromised. And then electricity of course,” Moneda says. “The essentials to function on a day-to-day basis would definitely be affected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a concern for the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The agency has been remapping the region to assess the true risk of flood, in part because of climate change. Four years ago, FEMA notified Foster City leaders that the odds of water surging over this levee in a storm are too high, and this levee is far too low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless the city has a solution underway by fall, FEMA intends to declare the area a flood hazard zone. Homeowners with federally-backed mortgages or risk-averse lenders would have to buy flood insurance. Some fear that with a flood hazard disclosure, property values could drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘The essentials to function on a day-to-day basis would definitely be affected.’\u003ccite>Jeff Moneda, City Manager, Foster City\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Beyond that, raising the levee to meet FEMA requirements draws the attention of the Bay Conservation Development Commission, which has authority over the first hundred feet inland for all four hundred miles of bay shoreline. The BCDC requires consideration of sea level rise in proposed developments; Foster City did that by hiring consultants, who recommended planning for 2 feet of sea level rise within 32 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the city proposes to sink steel reinforcements in bay mud to raise the levee up to 8 feet higher, to meet FEMA’s flood requirements, and BCDC’s development guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure P would authorize Foster City to purchase $90 million in bonds, and pay for them with a special tax of about $40 per $100,000 in property valuation. If you bought a house there today at the market average, you’d be looking at another $560 a year in taxes. The city contrasts that with the cost of flood insurance inside a special hazard zone; Moneda says officials called local insurance agents and priced that at $3,000 a year or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1924585\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2496px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1924585\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418.jpeg\" alt=\"City Manager Jeff Moneda, standing on a levee.\" width=\"2496\" height=\"1664\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418.jpeg 2496w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-1200x800.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-1920x1280.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-1180x787.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-960x640.jpeg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-375x250.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/05/RS31118_IMG_6418-520x347.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2496px) 100vw, 2496px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">City Manager Jeff Moneda shows how high the city’s new levee needs to be to cope with sea level rise. Foster City voters will decide whether to raise the bayfront levee up to 8 feet higher, at a cost of $90 million. \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The levee improvement is the only option,” says Moneda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What One City’s Wall Means to Another\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even one “hardened” piece of shore changes how waves and tides move throughout the bay, says UC Berkeley’s Mark Stacey. Seawalls and levees fortified with riprap reflect wave energy back into the bay and keep water from spreading inland. That raises water levels everywhere. As seas rise, Stacey says more walls along one part of the bay could promote more flooding in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One levee in Foster City is small scale. “But if San Mateo acts next in this way and Redwood Shores acts after that,” Stacey says, “And if each of these communities are individually and incrementally pursuing this path, that’s when you start to see the regional impacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other cities along the southern edge of San Francisco Bay are watching what happens with Measure P: some, because they share an interest in funding pumps and walls, and others, nervously.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘This is a big jump. So maybe it’s just too big a leap for the public to swallow. We’ll find out.’\u003ccite>Bob Cushman, Foster City resident\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In a comment letter about the proposal to raise the Foster City levee, Alameda County’s Flood Control District \u003ca href=\"https://www.fostercity.org/sites/default/files/fileattachments/community_development/page/4961/fc-levee-rtc_final.pdf\">has argued that\u003c/a> “[i]mpacts from the Foster City levee modifications may or may not be small, but the cumulative impacts of Foster City’s Project combined with other future shoreline projects around the San Francisco Bay will exacerbate these effects on others.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda officials and other critics of the proposal also question whether one city should lead policy on climate change, when a regional, national, or even international response may be more effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They include former city leaders and the son of Foster City’s namesake, \u003ca href=\"http://www.samceda.org/san-mateo-county-economic-development/samceda-board/t-jack-foster-jr\">T. Jack Foster, Jr.\u003c/a>, himself one of the original developers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is This Necessary, or an Overreaction?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Fosters \u003ca href=\"https://www.xlibris.com/bookstore/bookdetail.aspx?bookid=SKU-0118054049\">arrived\u003c/a>, this land was Brewer Island, named for the farmer who levied off marshlands around 1900 to create hay for cattle, while nearby, salt dried in flats for the Leslie Salt company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fosters bought 3000 acres of land, dried it out, and dumped another 18 million cubic yards of sand and fill on top of it. Now 89, T. Jack Foster, Jr., doesn’t accept the conclusion that sea level rise is happening fast. And he says in development, they planned for some land to sink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, after 50 years, if I’m asked what I would do different, I’d say not one single thing,” Foster, Junior, says. “I’m so proud of the way everything’s turned out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says FEMA’s wrong, and that Foster City is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The aesthetic damage it does, you can put up with a certain amount of that if you get some benefit otherwise,” he says, about a higher levee. “But I don’t see any benefit at this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a home on Foster’s lagoon, longtime resident Bob Cushman also opposes Measure P.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think Jack Foster was a genius when he designed [this place],” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lagoon curves behind his home in the Admirals neighborhood: glassy, dyed blue-green. Cushman’s back deck view is man-made, and he loves it. In the 1990s, he and his wife worked hard to get it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After church every Sunday we drove through this neighborhood for two years,” Cushman says. “And we finally saw a stake in the front yard there: for sale by owner. We stopped and bought the house. We were so lucky.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cushman’s got several objections to Measure P. For one thing, he says, Foster City is sitting on tens of millions of dollars, money already in city coffers that could contribute to the cost of higher levees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For another, he points out that the city’s made it through high water before, and he credits the engineered defense offered by the levee, the pumps, and the lagoon for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while he does think climate change merits some response by Foster City, he wonders if up to eight feet of additional levee is an overreaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a big jump,” Cushman says. “So maybe it’s just too big a leap for the public to swallow. We’ll find out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Proposition 70: Voters Reject New Constraints on State's Climate Revenue Spending",
"headTitle": "Proposition 70: Voters Reject New Constraints on State’s Climate Revenue Spending | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Proposition 70 is about money raised by California’s cap-and-trade program to control climate emissions. Under that program, industries buy permits at a state auction allowing them to emit carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Prop 70 changes who gets a say in spending the money from those auctions.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UPDATE: Prop 70 went down to defeat on Election Day with more than 63 percent of voters casting “No” votes (92 percent of precincts reporting, statewide as of June 6).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What You Need to Know About Proposition 70\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Creates a new temporary “reserve” fund to collect revenue from the sale of cap-and-trade permits, starting in 2024.\u003cbr>\n• Requires a one-time, two-thirds vote of the legislature to release money from the special reserve.\u003cbr>\n• If the two-thirds “supermajority” isn’t achieved, the funds remain locked up until it is.\u003cbr>\n• An unrelated provision temporarily suspends a sales tax exemption for certain manufacturing equipment, until the reserve funds are released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Did It Get on the Ballot?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_70,_Vote_Requirement_to_Use_Cap-and-Trade_Revenue_Amendment_(June_2018)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">put Prop 70\u003c/a> on the ballot \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11560541/heres-whats-in-the-deal-to-extend-californias-cap-and-trade-system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">after extending\u003c/a> the state’s cap-and-trade program to 2030 (original legislation expires in 2020).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Do People Support It?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown supports it, reportedly as part of a trade-off for Republican votes to extend cap-and-trade another ten years, to 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Chamber of Commerce, which previously sued to block cap and trade, supports Prop 70, as the measure’s passage would give conservative lawmakers some measure of control over how cap-and-trade revenues are spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Do People Oppose It?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-profile Democrats, such as billionaire environmentalist \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Thomas_Steyer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tom Steyer, \u003c/a>and most mainstream environmental groups are opposed, claiming it will create “gridlock” in deploying cap-and-trade revenues where they are needed. California abandoned its supermajority threshold to pass annual budgets because of recurring gridlock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who Gains — Who Loses?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Auctioning cap-and-trade permits raises billions of dollars for the state. Passage of Prop 70 could slow down the flow of money from the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Reserve Fund to programs aimed at reducing climate emissions. Some of these programs count on cap-and-trade money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Proposition?number=70&year=2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">treasury would see a windfall\u003c/a> of an estimated $260 million per year of additional revenue with suspension of the manufacturing sales tax exemption\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Proposition 70 is about money raised by California’s cap-and-trade program to control climate emissions. Under that program, industries buy permits at a state auction allowing them to emit carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Prop 70 changes who gets a say in spending the money from those auctions.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UPDATE: Prop 70 went down to defeat on Election Day with more than 63 percent of voters casting “No” votes (92 percent of precincts reporting, statewide as of June 6).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What You Need to Know About Proposition 70\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• Creates a new temporary “reserve” fund to collect revenue from the sale of cap-and-trade permits, starting in 2024.\u003cbr>\n• Requires a one-time, two-thirds vote of the legislature to release money from the special reserve.\u003cbr>\n• If the two-thirds “supermajority” isn’t achieved, the funds remain locked up until it is.\u003cbr>\n• An unrelated provision temporarily suspends a sales tax exemption for certain manufacturing equipment, until the reserve funds are released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How Did It Get on the Ballot?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_70,_Vote_Requirement_to_Use_Cap-and-Trade_Revenue_Amendment_(June_2018)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">put Prop 70\u003c/a> on the ballot \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11560541/heres-whats-in-the-deal-to-extend-californias-cap-and-trade-system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">after extending\u003c/a> the state’s cap-and-trade program to 2030 (original legislation expires in 2020).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Do People Support It?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown supports it, reportedly as part of a trade-off for Republican votes to extend cap-and-trade another ten years, to 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Chamber of Commerce, which previously sued to block cap and trade, supports Prop 70, as the measure’s passage would give conservative lawmakers some measure of control over how cap-and-trade revenues are spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Do People Oppose It?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-profile Democrats, such as billionaire environmentalist \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Thomas_Steyer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tom Steyer, \u003c/a>and most mainstream environmental groups are opposed, claiming it will create “gridlock” in deploying cap-and-trade revenues where they are needed. California abandoned its supermajority threshold to pass annual budgets because of recurring gridlock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who Gains — Who Loses?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Auctioning cap-and-trade permits raises billions of dollars for the state. Passage of Prop 70 could slow down the flow of money from the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Reserve Fund to programs aimed at reducing climate emissions. Some of these programs count on cap-and-trade money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Proposition?number=70&year=2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">treasury would see a windfall\u003c/a> of an estimated $260 million per year of additional revenue with suspension of the manufacturing sales tax exemption\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Emergency Drought Assistance Will Be Needed in California for Years",
"headTitle": "Emergency Drought Assistance Will Be Needed in California for Years | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Just how long interim funding will play a central role in responding to water issues depends on implementing long-term solutions to contamination and groundwater depletion.[contextly_sidebar id=”RECFKp62RemKw6pqALAtPaHW45iqB1mz”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown declared the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/state/california/water-and-drought/article143321754.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">end of California’s five-year\u003c/a> drought in April 2017 after a wet winter replenished shrinking reservoirs. But the lingering impact of the drought, especially on \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/07/05/the-california-drought-isnt-over-it-just-went-underground\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">groundwater supplies\u003c/a>, means some \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article210334889.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">still rely\u003c/a> on emergency water tanks while they wait for long-term solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is particularly true in the San Joaquin Valley, where more than 300 domestic well users whose taps have run dry continue to use tanks provided by the state through a program originally slated to end in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of emergency funding requested by Assembly member Joaquin Arambula (D-Kingsberg), whose largely rural district is in the valley, the emergency water supply program will likely continue another year at a cost of $3.5 million. Also included in the emergency relief efforts is $10 million to address failing domestic wells and septic tanks, and $10 million for the Drinking Water for Schools Program that funds treatment solutions for schools that struggle with contamination. New state regulations for contaminants like lead and carcinogen \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/08/10/californias-plan-to-tackle-a-carcinogen-widespread-in-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2,3-trichloropropane\u003c/a>mean schools will need more money to meet safe drinking water standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are parts of my community that lack access to the basic necessities for life,” said Arambula. He said he frequently encountered patients without access to clean water in his work as an emergency room doctor in the Fresno County city of Selma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Senate and Assembly budget committees approved the request and it’s now part of final budget negotiations. As with other line items, the Legislature could still vote to remove the requested money from the budget package before it is finalized.[contextly_sidebar id=”rTS7Qo1UysRSxJOjG7XIGWxrdw8hmef4″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The money partially bridges a gap in critical services for a group of California residents who lack access to clean water. November analysis by PPIC Water Center estimated \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/blog/information-gaps-hinder-progress-safe-drinking-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">about 500,000 people\u003c/a> in the state get their water from a system not compliant with safe drinking water standards. That number does not include people who rely on domestic wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the need this funding addresses won’t disappear entirely by the middle of 2019 when the next budget year starts and that’s because many of the problems are related to groundwater overdraft. The state now has more than 20 groundwater basins that are deemed “critically overdrafted.” The San Joaquin Valley is particularly hard-hit and many communities there are entirely reliant on groundwater. As farmers dug deeper wells to keep up with a falling aquifer during the drought, many shallower domestic and community wells were left high and dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.selfhelpenterprises.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Self-Help Enterprises\u003c/a>, which administers emergency water tank and well-drilling programs in the San Joaquin Valley, says about 320 of its clients still use water tanks. The organization anticipates that number will decline to around 220 by the end of June as many households start using newly drilled wells. These clients represent a large proportion of those in the state who rely on the tanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn aligncenter\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180605025925/Was89628331.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\">A sign reading “no water” and indicating the number of people living inside is seen posted on a house in Porterville, California, in September 2015. (Josh Edelson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>During the drought, the state \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/article/water-tanks-are-a-way-of-life-in-california-community-during-drought/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">started providing tanks\u003c/a> for free to residents who rely on domestic wells that ran dry. A water truck comes at regular intervals to the residents’ properties to fill the receptacles at no cost. Nonprofits like Self-Help, as well as some counties, administer the tank program and distribute state-funded loans and grants to drill new wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’ll be able to really end the tank program this coming year, barring some other extreme circumstance,” said Self-Help community development manager Jessi Snyder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she said the need for new wells will continue in coming years. More applications for help are coming in, Snyder said; hundreds who have requested applications have not completed and returned them yet. Still, the pace of work has slowed down. At the peak of the drought in 2015, Self-Help was seeing around 15–20 requests per week, said Self-Help program director Susan Long. That number has gone down to 10 a month but there is still a backlog. “You just couldn’t get a well driller to respond at the height of the drought,” said Snyder.[contextly_sidebar id=”NDlBpqRRgRdVTS8IDpzUssh2lNOHIp11″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some in the organization’s service area who have not sought help may also be in precarious situations, with wells that may be close to running dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a long-term solution that should mitigate the drying up of wells. Groundwater management plans implemented as part of the rollout of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2018/04/09/californias-groundwater-rule-could-mean-opportunities-not-penalties\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a> are intended to prevent excessive pumping of groundwater. But the law, passed in 2014, doesn’t require plans to be in place until 2020, and then it will take years for it to start tangibly impacting groundwater levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve taken decades to get into this situation, and it’s going to take us a couple decades to get out of it, I think,” said Snyder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the interim the state is also pushing consolidation, where those with failed wells or unsafe septic systems are connected to nearby systems in working order. Residents living close enough to larger water or sewage systems may feasibly be able to connect to them, and the funding Arambula has requested can also help with that. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucdavis.edu/news/thousands-san-joaquin-valley-have-unsafe-drinking-water-clean-water-close/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of California, Davis study\u003c/a> found that two-thirds of residents in disadvantaged San Joaquin Valley communities without safe drinking water lived within a mile of a system meeting clean water requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn aligncenter\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180605030041/900_08_us_ca_81_2461.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">A water well being drilled in an almond orchard in California’s San Joaquin Valley. Drought has increased groundwater pumping, causing shallower wells to run dry. (Citizens of the Planet/Education Images/UIG via Getty Images)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>But consolidation comes with unknowns: pending legislation and expense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two bills, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB2501\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Assembly Bill 2501\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1215\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 1215\u003c/a>, would explicitly expand the state’s authority to force absorption of domestic wells and septic tanks into nearby larger systems that function properly. A law already passed, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB88\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Assembly Bill 88\u003c/a>, allows the state to step in and mandate consolidation of community water systems under some circumstances. The idea is to extend the benefits of larger systems’ economies of scale to areas with smaller systems that lack resources and often have little hope of building those systems up given small ratepayer bases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the new bills don’t pass, there will be no guarantee that people who rely on their own private drinking water and septic systems have a chance of connecting to larger, higher-quality systems.[contextly_sidebar id=”Wwk5toOnLJKzUvWItkUjpKvEu76zBFTM”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with implementation of groundwater management plans, consolidation won’t happen quickly. “You are looking at a couple years” in many cases to account for coordination and engineering work, said Phoebe Seaton, codirector of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.leadershipcounsel.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leadership Counsel for Justice and Accountability\u003c/a>, which sponsored the latest consolidation bills. Incremental solutions, such as emergency water supplies and drilling new wells, are needed in the interim. “At this point, the emergency piece is critical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the cost. Jennifer Clary, a water policy and legislative analyst for the environmental advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.cleanwateraction.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Water Action\u003c/a>, said a single new connection to an existing drinking water system could cost between $5,000 and $10,000 depending on how much infrastructure it requires. Connecting an entire community of domestic well users would be more expensive. The $10 million requested for dealing with dry wells and failing septic systems “would be helpful, but would not make an appreciable dent in the backlog of projects,” said Clary.[contextly_sidebar id=”drhj3aVoxuNv5sLqX48MeIukVNTt4arI”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Clary, Seaton and others working on water justice issues in California have pushed a long-term funding mechanism. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/05/08/california-considers-charge-on-utility-bills-to-create-safe-water-fund\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Safe and Affordable Drinking Water Fund\u003c/a> would create a dedicated supply of around $140 million, annually, for a broad range of water quality efforts including not only treatment of water in schools and consolidation but also ongoing costs of treatment for struggling water systems too remote to consolidate. The fund is included in Governor Jerry Brown’s budget as a trailer bill, and may undergo changes before the final budget faces a vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the trailer bill passes in the budget as proposed, it will still take time for the fund to accumulate. That means the money wouldn’t be immediately available, said Snyder. Which means emergency water needs could still require short-term funding solutions, such as those in Arambula’s request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe we need temporary relief until we can get to a long-term solution, and we’ll continue to figure out how we can get to those longer-term solutions,” said Arambula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/06/05/why-emergency-drought-assistance-will-be-needed-in-california-for-years\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Emergency Drought Assistance Will Be Needed in California for Years | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Just how long interim funding will play a central role in responding to water issues depends on implementing long-term solutions to contamination and groundwater depletion.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown declared the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/state/california/water-and-drought/article143321754.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">end of California’s five-year\u003c/a> drought in April 2017 after a wet winter replenished shrinking reservoirs. But the lingering impact of the drought, especially on \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/07/05/the-california-drought-isnt-over-it-just-went-underground\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">groundwater supplies\u003c/a>, means some \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article210334889.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">still rely\u003c/a> on emergency water tanks while they wait for long-term solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is particularly true in the San Joaquin Valley, where more than 300 domestic well users whose taps have run dry continue to use tanks provided by the state through a program originally slated to end in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of emergency funding requested by Assembly member Joaquin Arambula (D-Kingsberg), whose largely rural district is in the valley, the emergency water supply program will likely continue another year at a cost of $3.5 million. Also included in the emergency relief efforts is $10 million to address failing domestic wells and septic tanks, and $10 million for the Drinking Water for Schools Program that funds treatment solutions for schools that struggle with contamination. New state regulations for contaminants like lead and carcinogen \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/08/10/californias-plan-to-tackle-a-carcinogen-widespread-in-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2,3-trichloropropane\u003c/a>mean schools will need more money to meet safe drinking water standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are parts of my community that lack access to the basic necessities for life,” said Arambula. He said he frequently encountered patients without access to clean water in his work as an emergency room doctor in the Fresno County city of Selma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Senate and Assembly budget committees approved the request and it’s now part of final budget negotiations. As with other line items, the Legislature could still vote to remove the requested money from the budget package before it is finalized.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The money partially bridges a gap in critical services for a group of California residents who lack access to clean water. November analysis by PPIC Water Center estimated \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/blog/information-gaps-hinder-progress-safe-drinking-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">about 500,000 people\u003c/a> in the state get their water from a system not compliant with safe drinking water standards. That number does not include people who rely on domestic wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the need this funding addresses won’t disappear entirely by the middle of 2019 when the next budget year starts and that’s because many of the problems are related to groundwater overdraft. The state now has more than 20 groundwater basins that are deemed “critically overdrafted.” The San Joaquin Valley is particularly hard-hit and many communities there are entirely reliant on groundwater. As farmers dug deeper wells to keep up with a falling aquifer during the drought, many shallower domestic and community wells were left high and dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.selfhelpenterprises.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Self-Help Enterprises\u003c/a>, which administers emergency water tank and well-drilling programs in the San Joaquin Valley, says about 320 of its clients still use water tanks. The organization anticipates that number will decline to around 220 by the end of June as many households start using newly drilled wells. These clients represent a large proportion of those in the state who rely on the tanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn aligncenter\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180605025925/Was89628331.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\">A sign reading “no water” and indicating the number of people living inside is seen posted on a house in Porterville, California, in September 2015. (Josh Edelson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>During the drought, the state \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/article/water-tanks-are-a-way-of-life-in-california-community-during-drought/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">started providing tanks\u003c/a> for free to residents who rely on domestic wells that ran dry. A water truck comes at regular intervals to the residents’ properties to fill the receptacles at no cost. Nonprofits like Self-Help, as well as some counties, administer the tank program and distribute state-funded loans and grants to drill new wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’ll be able to really end the tank program this coming year, barring some other extreme circumstance,” said Self-Help community development manager Jessi Snyder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she said the need for new wells will continue in coming years. More applications for help are coming in, Snyder said; hundreds who have requested applications have not completed and returned them yet. Still, the pace of work has slowed down. At the peak of the drought in 2015, Self-Help was seeing around 15–20 requests per week, said Self-Help program director Susan Long. That number has gone down to 10 a month but there is still a backlog. “You just couldn’t get a well driller to respond at the height of the drought,” said Snyder.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some in the organization’s service area who have not sought help may also be in precarious situations, with wells that may be close to running dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a long-term solution that should mitigate the drying up of wells. Groundwater management plans implemented as part of the rollout of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2018/04/09/californias-groundwater-rule-could-mean-opportunities-not-penalties\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a> are intended to prevent excessive pumping of groundwater. But the law, passed in 2014, doesn’t require plans to be in place until 2020, and then it will take years for it to start tangibly impacting groundwater levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve taken decades to get into this situation, and it’s going to take us a couple decades to get out of it, I think,” said Snyder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the interim the state is also pushing consolidation, where those with failed wells or unsafe septic systems are connected to nearby systems in working order. Residents living close enough to larger water or sewage systems may feasibly be able to connect to them, and the funding Arambula has requested can also help with that. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucdavis.edu/news/thousands-san-joaquin-valley-have-unsafe-drinking-water-clean-water-close/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of California, Davis study\u003c/a> found that two-thirds of residents in disadvantaged San Joaquin Valley communities without safe drinking water lived within a mile of a system meeting clean water requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn aligncenter\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180605030041/900_08_us_ca_81_2461.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">A water well being drilled in an almond orchard in California’s San Joaquin Valley. Drought has increased groundwater pumping, causing shallower wells to run dry. (Citizens of the Planet/Education Images/UIG via Getty Images)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>But consolidation comes with unknowns: pending legislation and expense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two bills, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB2501\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Assembly Bill 2501\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1215\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Senate Bill 1215\u003c/a>, would explicitly expand the state’s authority to force absorption of domestic wells and septic tanks into nearby larger systems that function properly. A law already passed, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB88\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Assembly Bill 88\u003c/a>, allows the state to step in and mandate consolidation of community water systems under some circumstances. The idea is to extend the benefits of larger systems’ economies of scale to areas with smaller systems that lack resources and often have little hope of building those systems up given small ratepayer bases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the new bills don’t pass, there will be no guarantee that people who rely on their own private drinking water and septic systems have a chance of connecting to larger, higher-quality systems.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with implementation of groundwater management plans, consolidation won’t happen quickly. “You are looking at a couple years” in many cases to account for coordination and engineering work, said Phoebe Seaton, codirector of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.leadershipcounsel.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leadership Counsel for Justice and Accountability\u003c/a>, which sponsored the latest consolidation bills. Incremental solutions, such as emergency water supplies and drilling new wells, are needed in the interim. “At this point, the emergency piece is critical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the cost. Jennifer Clary, a water policy and legislative analyst for the environmental advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.cleanwateraction.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Water Action\u003c/a>, said a single new connection to an existing drinking water system could cost between $5,000 and $10,000 depending on how much infrastructure it requires. Connecting an entire community of domestic well users would be more expensive. The $10 million requested for dealing with dry wells and failing septic systems “would be helpful, but would not make an appreciable dent in the backlog of projects,” said Clary.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Clary, Seaton and others working on water justice issues in California have pushed a long-term funding mechanism. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/05/08/california-considers-charge-on-utility-bills-to-create-safe-water-fund\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Safe and Affordable Drinking Water Fund\u003c/a> would create a dedicated supply of around $140 million, annually, for a broad range of water quality efforts including not only treatment of water in schools and consolidation but also ongoing costs of treatment for struggling water systems too remote to consolidate. The fund is included in Governor Jerry Brown’s budget as a trailer bill, and may undergo changes before the final budget faces a vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the trailer bill passes in the budget as proposed, it will still take time for the fund to accumulate. That means the money wouldn’t be immediately available, said Snyder. Which means emergency water needs could still require short-term funding solutions, such as those in Arambula’s request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe we need temporary relief until we can get to a long-term solution, and we’ll continue to figure out how we can get to those longer-term solutions,” said Arambula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/06/05/why-emergency-drought-assistance-will-be-needed-in-california-for-years\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sinking land caused by intensive groundwater pumping in the San Joaquin Valley is releasing trapped arsenic — a known carcinogen — into aquifers that supply irrigation and drinking water for a million people, according to a new study published Tuesday in the journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/ncomms/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nature Communications\u003c/a>. [contextly_sidebar id=”e2HtgwYSiGvYqi4LXO5efN9lFOy4H4pN”]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arsenic, a naturally occurring chemical in the Earth’s crust, is undetectable by the human senses and has been linked to a host of diseases including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Researchers at Stanford University say residents should be concerned about arsenic levels in their water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Arsenic is associated with the clay layers in the groundwater system from which they pump their water,” says study co-author Rosemary J. Knight, a professor of geophysics at Stanford. “Overpumping is going to release that arsenic, and there has been significant overpumping during the recent droughts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://water.usgs.gov/edu/earthgwlandsubside.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">link\u003c/a> between subsidence (or sinking land) and pumping of fresh water from underground is well-established, according to the US Geological Survey. A previous study led by Knight found that one way of \u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=6810\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reducing the negative impact\u003c/a> of extracting water from the clay layers is for farmers to pull water from more shallow sand and gravel layers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knight added that residents who obtain their water from a private domestic well in an area that has experienced subsidence are wise to get the water checked for arsenic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers examined arsenic levels in hundreds of wells in San Joaquin Valley’s Tulare basin during two drought periods. They found that in areas where land sank more than 3 inches per year, the risk of finding dangerous levels of arsenic in groundwater tripled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tulare basin aquifers consist of sand and gravel zones separated by thin layers of clay. The clay, which acts as a sponge, absorbs both water and arsenic, which starts off as a solid. Overpumping draws water from the sand and gravel zones, causing the aquifer to compress as land sinks. As those layers press down on the clay regions, arsenic-rich water gets released into the aquifer. [contextly_sidebar id=”1JyrHvzuqfuwV7K3cTgbnnqO96YJSe5q”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study says overpumping in other regions could result in the same effect if they have three characteristics: alternating layers of clay and sand; a source of arsenic; and relatively low oxygen content, which is common for thick clay zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s authors say that satellite surveillance can be a powerful tool in protecting communities from contaminated groundwater. Remote sensors that track the measurements of land as it collapses over time can be used to predict arsenic concentrations in groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This data could serve as an early warning system for contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Remote sensing data give us an incredible view of what is happening in our groundwater systems,” says Knight. “My hope is that we are entering a new era in California, of sustainable groundwater management, and that data such as these can support and inform wise groundwater management decisions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study notes that aquifers contaminated as a result of overpumping can recover if withdrawals stop; areas that showed slower sinking also had lower arsenic levels.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sinking land caused by intensive groundwater pumping in the San Joaquin Valley is releasing trapped arsenic — a known carcinogen — into aquifers that supply irrigation and drinking water for a million people, according to a new study published Tuesday in the journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/ncomms/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nature Communications\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arsenic, a naturally occurring chemical in the Earth’s crust, is undetectable by the human senses and has been linked to a host of diseases including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Researchers at Stanford University say residents should be concerned about arsenic levels in their water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Arsenic is associated with the clay layers in the groundwater system from which they pump their water,” says study co-author Rosemary J. Knight, a professor of geophysics at Stanford. “Overpumping is going to release that arsenic, and there has been significant overpumping during the recent droughts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://water.usgs.gov/edu/earthgwlandsubside.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">link\u003c/a> between subsidence (or sinking land) and pumping of fresh water from underground is well-established, according to the US Geological Survey. A previous study led by Knight found that one way of \u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=6810\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reducing the negative impact\u003c/a> of extracting water from the clay layers is for farmers to pull water from more shallow sand and gravel layers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knight added that residents who obtain their water from a private domestic well in an area that has experienced subsidence are wise to get the water checked for arsenic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers examined arsenic levels in hundreds of wells in San Joaquin Valley’s Tulare basin during two drought periods. They found that in areas where land sank more than 3 inches per year, the risk of finding dangerous levels of arsenic in groundwater tripled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tulare basin aquifers consist of sand and gravel zones separated by thin layers of clay. The clay, which acts as a sponge, absorbs both water and arsenic, which starts off as a solid. Overpumping draws water from the sand and gravel zones, causing the aquifer to compress as land sinks. As those layers press down on the clay regions, arsenic-rich water gets released into the aquifer. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study says overpumping in other regions could result in the same effect if they have three characteristics: alternating layers of clay and sand; a source of arsenic; and relatively low oxygen content, which is common for thick clay zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s authors say that satellite surveillance can be a powerful tool in protecting communities from contaminated groundwater. Remote sensors that track the measurements of land as it collapses over time can be used to predict arsenic concentrations in groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This data could serve as an early warning system for contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Remote sensing data give us an incredible view of what is happening in our groundwater systems,” says Knight. “My hope is that we are entering a new era in California, of sustainable groundwater management, and that data such as these can support and inform wise groundwater management decisions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study notes that aquifers contaminated as a result of overpumping can recover if withdrawals stop; areas that showed slower sinking also had lower arsenic levels.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A new study finds that light-colored rooftops can help California cities save water by requiring less of it for lawns and gardens.[contextly_sidebar id=”92g9vzOhhckJNr2TQDPLgmilZ91RPPTv”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://newscenter.lbl.gov/2017/10/20/cool-roofs-water-saving-benefits/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent work \u003c/a>from researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, says that the widespread adoption of “cool roofs” could reduce outdoor water consumption by as much as 9 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in the journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-01346-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Nature Communications\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, marks the first body of research to look at the link between water and heat mitigation strategies in urban areas, says co-author Pouya Vahmani, a scientist at Berkeley Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might not do cool roofs just to save water, but it’s another previously unrecognized benefit of having cool roofs,” Vahmani \u003ca href=\"http://newscenter.lbl.gov/2017/10/20/cool-roofs-water-saving-benefits/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a> in a press release. “And from a water management standpoint, it’s an entirely different way of thinking – to manipulate the local climate in order to manipulate water demand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average temperature of cities with high concentrations of cool roofs can drop by 3 to 4 degrees, which,\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/06/04/lawrence-berkeley-scientists-find-a-cool-way-to-save-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> as the Mercury News reports\u003c/a>, is enough to save cities like San Francisco from about 4 percent to more than 7 percent of the water used per person daily for landscaping needs.[contextly_sidebar id=”sKPpPyH7oieJoxWGRxUhUUnM8Cd2NAN4″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors calculate that a wholesale transition to cool roofs could cut water use by more than 9 percent (83 million gallons per day) in Los Angeles County and save more than 7 percent in Sacramento, San Francisco and San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And cooler roofs are a pretty low-tech option, according to reporter Jeremy Rehm of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/06/04/lawrence-berkeley-scientists-find-a-cool-way-to-save-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monterey Herald\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Turning a roof into a “cool” one requires specially reflective asphalt granules or a coat of white paint, which effectively drops the difference between roof temperature and the air around it to between 5 and 10 degrees rather than the scorching 50 degrees difference before. Installing “cool” structures such as these roofs, then, decreases heat build-up and, in turn, means lawns and gardens need less water because less of it will evaporate.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The concept, which could cost homeowners between $6,000 to $15,000, has its skeptics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think a single roof with asphalt containing reflective granules will do much,” Alex Bergeron, vice president of Teal City Roofing Inc. in San Jose, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/06/04/lawrence-berkeley-scientists-find-a-cool-way-to-save-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told\u003c/a> the Mercury News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vahmani emphasizes that significant results would require widespread adoption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What was surprising was the significant amount of water being saved,” Vahmani said. “Our study gives cities another reason to consider widespread implementation of ‘cool’ roofs.”[contextly_sidebar id=”H5EPuleEsPUZZU7k3qjX7GmOAheeiubi”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, researchers say they want to expand their area of focus to agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“First we want to see how much climate change will increase water demand. Next will be to come up with strategies to counter that,” Vahmani said. “In urban areas, we’ll look at how cool roofs can ameliorate both extreme heat demand and irrigation demands associated with future warming. Whereas in agricultural areas, the strategies will have to do with irrigation technology and what kind of crops you’re growing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study is part of Berkeley Lab’s \u003ca href=\"https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2016/05/23/water-energy-nexus-new-focus-berkeley-lab-research/\">Water Resilience Initiative\u003c/a>, which focuses on the connections between water and energy use.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors calculate that a wholesale transition to cool roofs could cut water use by more than 9 percent (83 million gallons per day) in Los Angeles County and save more than 7 percent in Sacramento, San Francisco and San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And cooler roofs are a pretty low-tech option, according to reporter Jeremy Rehm of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/06/04/lawrence-berkeley-scientists-find-a-cool-way-to-save-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monterey Herald\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Turning a roof into a “cool” one requires specially reflective asphalt granules or a coat of white paint, which effectively drops the difference between roof temperature and the air around it to between 5 and 10 degrees rather than the scorching 50 degrees difference before. Installing “cool” structures such as these roofs, then, decreases heat build-up and, in turn, means lawns and gardens need less water because less of it will evaporate.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The concept, which could cost homeowners between $6,000 to $15,000, has its skeptics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think a single roof with asphalt containing reflective granules will do much,” Alex Bergeron, vice president of Teal City Roofing Inc. in San Jose, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/06/04/lawrence-berkeley-scientists-find-a-cool-way-to-save-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told\u003c/a> the Mercury News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vahmani emphasizes that significant results would require widespread adoption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What was surprising was the significant amount of water being saved,” Vahmani said. “Our study gives cities another reason to consider widespread implementation of ‘cool’ roofs.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, researchers say they want to expand their area of focus to agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“First we want to see how much climate change will increase water demand. Next will be to come up with strategies to counter that,” Vahmani said. “In urban areas, we’ll look at how cool roofs can ameliorate both extreme heat demand and irrigation demands associated with future warming. Whereas in agricultural areas, the strategies will have to do with irrigation technology and what kind of crops you’re growing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study is part of Berkeley Lab’s \u003ca href=\"https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2016/05/23/water-energy-nexus-new-focus-berkeley-lab-research/\">Water Resilience Initiative\u003c/a>, which focuses on the connections between water and energy use.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Recycled Wastewater Now Flowing to San Joaquin Valley Farms, Wildlife",
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"content": "\u003cp>Wastewater recycling doesn’t have to be a fancy affair. Sometimes it can be as simple as building a pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is more or less the full description of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nvr-recycledwater.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">North Valley Regional Recycled Water Project\u003c/a>. Only a year after starting construction, at a cost of around $90 million, the project is already delivering recycled urban wastewater to farms and wildlife refuges in California’s San Joaquin Valley, providing a reliable new water supply to a drought-plagued region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything seems to be working great,” said Anthea Hansen, general manager of Del Puerto Water District, the farm irrigation agency that receives most of the recycled water. “We knew the benefits would be incredible, and we’re seeing it already.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project, which began delivering water in December, provides farmers in Hansen’s district with about 10,000 acre-feet of water. That’s roughly a 25 percent increase over what they were allocated this year by the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.usbr.gov/mp/cvp/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Central Valley Project\u003c/a>(CVP).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And since the source is a steady stream of urban wastewater, it’s an irrigation supply that won’t change much from year to year. In comparison, allocations of federal CVPwater, managed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, vary enormously depending on drought conditions, environmental issues and other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because it’s not subject to pumping restrictions or measurements of snowpack or water in storage, the supply should be very constant,” Hansen said. “So it’s very meaningful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water comes from the city of Modesto, population 213,000. The city was under regulatory pressure to upgrade its wastewater treatment to a so-called “tertiary” level, because its discharges to the San Joaquin River posed a threat to water quality and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hansen’s agency piggybacked on this need by offering to buy some of the newly refined wastewater for the district’s 200 or so farmers, who irrigate almonds, walnuts, peaches, pistachios and other crops. This offer helped Modesto finance the treatment plant upgrades. All Del Puerto had to do was build a pipeline 7 miles from Modesto’s treatment plant to the Delta-Mendota Canal, the federal ditch from which Del Puerto already diverts its federal irrigation water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building the pipeline didn’t take long, but the deal didn’t happen overnight. Del Puerto signed an initial agreement with Modesto in 2010 to cooperate on the project. Then there were regulatory hoops to jump through. Construction started on the pipeline in summer 2016 and took only a year to build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modesto’s initial recycled water deliveries to the project are expected to be about 15,000 acre-feet annually. Del Puerto farmers get about two-thirds of this water, which satisfies California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/water_recycling_policy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Title 22\u003c/a>, the state law that ensures treated wastewater is fit for landscaping and crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the recycled wastewater is also going to state, federal and private wildlife refuges in the valley, thanks to a federal law known as the Central Valley Project Improvement Act. The law, passed in 1992, requires the United States Bureau of Reclamation to buy additional water supplies to benefit wildlife impacted by operation of the CVP irrigation system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reclamation has \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/05/23/despite-a-wet-year-some-california-wildlife-areas-miss-out-on-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fallen far behind\u003c/a> its obligations under the law, partly because of inadequate funding and scarce water supplies available for purchase. The availability of Modesto’s recycled water was a unique opportunity to acquire a firm new water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is substantial,” said Ric Ortega, general manager of \u003ca href=\"http://gwdwater.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Grassland Water District\u003c/a>, which delivers CVP water to a number of public and private wildlife refuges in the northern San Joaquin Valley. “This is a large quantity of water at a fraction of the cost of water on the open market. I would say less than half the cost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega said he expects to get about 5,000 acre-feet of recycled water this year. This will benefit the private landowners in his district, including a number of duck club owners. It will also go to government wetland areas in the San Joaquin Valley such as the state-managed \u003ca href=\"https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Lands/Places-to-Visit/North-Grasslands-WA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Grasslands Wildlife Area\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fws.gov/refuge/kern/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kern National Wildlife Refuge\u003c/a>, which have suffered water shortages for decades due to the diversions caused by the Central Valley Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180601003135/NValleyRecycling1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"958\" height=\"627\">Dan Madden, left, who helps oversee the city of Turlock’s sewage treatment plant, conducts visitors on a tour in July 2014. They stand atop a filter tower that helps the city carry out tertiary treatment of its sewage. That treated water is now set to become a supplemental supply for farmers in the Del Puerto Water District and six state and federal wildlife refuges in the San Joaquin Valley. (John Holland, Modesto Bee)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>“We’re not meeting the dietary demands of shorebirds in the Central Valley in the spring,” Ortega said. “This will make huge strides as it relates to shorebirds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation invested about $25 million in the project. The partners also received a $27 million grant from Proposition 1, a 2014 bond measure approved by California voters for water projects. These two sources covered about half the cost to build the pipeline and pump station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there is more water to come. The city of Turlock, population 73,000, also plans to deliver recycled water to the new pipeline by linking to the system with a pipeline of its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the two cities grow in the decades to come, their output of recycled water is sure to increase. The project’s current output could eventually more than triple to 48,000 acre-feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The share secured for refuges – an estimated 13,000 acre-feet when the project reaches full scale – will be the largest water supply dedicated to wildlife in the San Joaquin Valley in more than 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the pieces in this particular puzzle just seemed to fall into place,” said Hansen. “But I do think other agencies could definitely use it as a model. With creativity and thinking outside the box, it can be done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/06/04/recycled-wastewater-now-flowing-to-san-joaquin-valley-farms-wildlife\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Wastewater from the city of Modesto, California, was once dumped into a river. Now, thanks to a new pipeline, it’s helping farmers survive drought and flooding new wetlands for migratory birds.",
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"description": "Wastewater from the city of Modesto, California, was once dumped into a river. Now, thanks to a new pipeline, it’s helping farmers survive drought and flooding new wetlands for migratory birds.",
"title": "Recycled Wastewater Now Flowing to San Joaquin Valley Farms, Wildlife | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Wastewater recycling doesn’t have to be a fancy affair. Sometimes it can be as simple as building a pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is more or less the full description of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nvr-recycledwater.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">North Valley Regional Recycled Water Project\u003c/a>. Only a year after starting construction, at a cost of around $90 million, the project is already delivering recycled urban wastewater to farms and wildlife refuges in California’s San Joaquin Valley, providing a reliable new water supply to a drought-plagued region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything seems to be working great,” said Anthea Hansen, general manager of Del Puerto Water District, the farm irrigation agency that receives most of the recycled water. “We knew the benefits would be incredible, and we’re seeing it already.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project, which began delivering water in December, provides farmers in Hansen’s district with about 10,000 acre-feet of water. That’s roughly a 25 percent increase over what they were allocated this year by the federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.usbr.gov/mp/cvp/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Central Valley Project\u003c/a>(CVP).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And since the source is a steady stream of urban wastewater, it’s an irrigation supply that won’t change much from year to year. In comparison, allocations of federal CVPwater, managed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, vary enormously depending on drought conditions, environmental issues and other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because it’s not subject to pumping restrictions or measurements of snowpack or water in storage, the supply should be very constant,” Hansen said. “So it’s very meaningful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water comes from the city of Modesto, population 213,000. The city was under regulatory pressure to upgrade its wastewater treatment to a so-called “tertiary” level, because its discharges to the San Joaquin River posed a threat to water quality and wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hansen’s agency piggybacked on this need by offering to buy some of the newly refined wastewater for the district’s 200 or so farmers, who irrigate almonds, walnuts, peaches, pistachios and other crops. This offer helped Modesto finance the treatment plant upgrades. All Del Puerto had to do was build a pipeline 7 miles from Modesto’s treatment plant to the Delta-Mendota Canal, the federal ditch from which Del Puerto already diverts its federal irrigation water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building the pipeline didn’t take long, but the deal didn’t happen overnight. Del Puerto signed an initial agreement with Modesto in 2010 to cooperate on the project. Then there were regulatory hoops to jump through. Construction started on the pipeline in summer 2016 and took only a year to build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modesto’s initial recycled water deliveries to the project are expected to be about 15,000 acre-feet annually. Del Puerto farmers get about two-thirds of this water, which satisfies California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/water_recycling_policy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Title 22\u003c/a>, the state law that ensures treated wastewater is fit for landscaping and crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the recycled wastewater is also going to state, federal and private wildlife refuges in the valley, thanks to a federal law known as the Central Valley Project Improvement Act. The law, passed in 1992, requires the United States Bureau of Reclamation to buy additional water supplies to benefit wildlife impacted by operation of the CVP irrigation system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reclamation has \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/05/23/despite-a-wet-year-some-california-wildlife-areas-miss-out-on-water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fallen far behind\u003c/a> its obligations under the law, partly because of inadequate funding and scarce water supplies available for purchase. The availability of Modesto’s recycled water was a unique opportunity to acquire a firm new water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is substantial,” said Ric Ortega, general manager of \u003ca href=\"http://gwdwater.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Grassland Water District\u003c/a>, which delivers CVP water to a number of public and private wildlife refuges in the northern San Joaquin Valley. “This is a large quantity of water at a fraction of the cost of water on the open market. I would say less than half the cost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortega said he expects to get about 5,000 acre-feet of recycled water this year. This will benefit the private landowners in his district, including a number of duck club owners. It will also go to government wetland areas in the San Joaquin Valley such as the state-managed \u003ca href=\"https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Lands/Places-to-Visit/North-Grasslands-WA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Grasslands Wildlife Area\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fws.gov/refuge/kern/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kern National Wildlife Refuge\u003c/a>, which have suffered water shortages for decades due to the diversions caused by the Central Valley Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"extendsBeyondTextColumn\" src=\"https://newsdeeply.imgix.net/20180601003135/NValleyRecycling1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"958\" height=\"627\">Dan Madden, left, who helps oversee the city of Turlock’s sewage treatment plant, conducts visitors on a tour in July 2014. They stand atop a filter tower that helps the city carry out tertiary treatment of its sewage. That treated water is now set to become a supplemental supply for farmers in the Del Puerto Water District and six state and federal wildlife refuges in the San Joaquin Valley. (John Holland, Modesto Bee)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>“We’re not meeting the dietary demands of shorebirds in the Central Valley in the spring,” Ortega said. “This will make huge strides as it relates to shorebirds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation invested about $25 million in the project. The partners also received a $27 million grant from Proposition 1, a 2014 bond measure approved by California voters for water projects. These two sources covered about half the cost to build the pipeline and pump station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there is more water to come. The city of Turlock, population 73,000, also plans to deliver recycled water to the new pipeline by linking to the system with a pipeline of its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the two cities grow in the decades to come, their output of recycled water is sure to increase. The project’s current output could eventually more than triple to 48,000 acre-feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The share secured for refuges – an estimated 13,000 acre-feet when the project reaches full scale – will be the largest water supply dedicated to wildlife in the San Joaquin Valley in more than 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the pieces in this particular puzzle just seemed to fall into place,” said Hansen. “But I do think other agencies could definitely use it as a model. With creativity and thinking outside the box, it can be done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/06/04/recycled-wastewater-now-flowing-to-san-joaquin-valley-farms-wildlife\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
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"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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},
"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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