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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe] \u003cem> Watch turret spiders, wormlions, assassin bugs and dragonfly babies use stealth, speed and lethal weapons to dispatch their prey. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>No one said life in the wild would be easy. Yikes!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These four miniature hunters use stealth, speed and lethal weapons to dispatch their prey in the most creative of ways. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First up, check out these mysterious little towers poking up from the forest floor. A cunning, patient and ruthless surprise lurks inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Turret Spiders Launch Sneak Attacks From Tiny Towers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The world is a very different place when darkness falls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of us head for home … for cover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because as the shadows creep in, they hide things … Frightful things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is that? That little tower? Look, there’s another one. They blend in so well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a California turret spider. Its lair is like the turret of a castle, rising above the forest floor. It’s lined the inside with pearly white silk. And coated the outside with mud, moss or leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The turret leads down to the spider’s burrow, that can descend six inches underground. The spider spends its days down there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the last rays of the sun die out, it rises … to wait, motionless. Until some unsuspecting creature happens by, like this pill bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every step it takes creates tiny tremors, betraying its location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whew! That was close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turret spiders actually have pretty poor vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, they rely on feel, bursting out in whichever direction the vibrations seem to come from. So, sometimes they miss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They belong to a group of spiders called mygalomorphs – along with their more famous cousins: tarantulas and trapdoor spiders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pack oversized fangs that swing down like a pair of pickaxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were hunting this way long before spiders started building intricate aerial webs, like this orb weaver spider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, a female turret spider might live for 16 years and never stray from her turret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She only ventures into the world for a split second. Just long enough to drag her next victim down to its demise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our next creature is straight out of science fiction. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wormlion ambushes its prey from the bottom of its tidy – and terrifying – sand pit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meeting a Wormlion Is the Pits\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You never really know where trouble is lurking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When one wayward step … means disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This small hole in the sand is really the lair of a wormlion. And it’s ferocious. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You find them in dry, dusty soil in the mountains of Northern California. The ground is cratered with danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, it’s a tiny little wriggly thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wormlions set a fearsome trap that’s straight out of science fiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To build it, they slink below the surface, pushing through dirt, sand and rocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’ll fling them out of the way as they get settled into their shallow pit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oops, try again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then … it just lies in wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s almost invisible, camouflaged by the sand stuck to its body. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This ant is totally clueless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wormlion strikes like a cobra, injecting venom into its prey to paralyze it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It constricts the ant, dragging it under, until … it’s all over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the wormlion is done feeding on the juicy innards, it flicks the empty carcass away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And tidies up its pit for its next meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ehhh, careful!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a couple of years of the good life, this wormlion will leave this dusty ditch behind and take to the skies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because really, it’s not a worm at all. It’s a fly larva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll turn into this: a fly that lives for less than a week. Its only job is to mate and lay eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for most of its life, it’s sitting pretty in its pit, waiting for lunch to fall right in its lap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The assassin bug kills its victim by stabbing it over and over. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But does this perpetrator have an accomplice? Sticky droplets at the scene of the crime could be a clue.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>You Can’t Unsee the Assassin Bug’s Dirty Work\n\u003ch2>\u003c/h2>\n\u003c/h2>\u003cp>Just beneath the petals of this flower, a brutal murder is in progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was the victim, a few minutes earlier: a caterpillar. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before it got whacked, it was on its way to becoming an owlet moth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is the perpetrator. \u003cem>Pselliopus spinicollis\u003c/em>, aka the assassin bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It dispatches its victims with this sharp weapon. When it’s not using it, it keeps it folded up, like a switchblade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s review that crime footage again, shall we?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yep, the assassin bug is definitely the hit man. But did it have an accomplice? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scene of the crime is this tarweed. Pretty, right? But what are these glossy droplets all over the place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few nights back, this midge got trapped in them. So did this other tiny fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out, the tarweed lured them with these sweet, lemony droplets. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This plant is an insect graveyard. Those bodies are a bribe for the assassin bugs, so they’ll take care of the plant’s caterpillar problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See, the caterpillars eat its flowers. No flowers, no pollen. No pollen, no reproduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that they’re on the tarweed, the assassin bugs mate and lay an egg or two right next to the cadavers, so their offspring have something to eat when they hatch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then they get to work on that job for the tarweeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bigger caterpillars put up a fight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The little ones, they’ll try to make themselves scarce, dangling down on a line of silk. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But plenty of them end up like our murder victim. Sucked dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the caterpillars out of the way, the tarweed mastermind can hang onto its flowers – and spread its pollen – for one more day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dragonflies are masters of the aerial attack. But their babies grow up underwater, where they use a lightning-fast killer lip to nab their prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Baby Dragonfly’s Mouth Will Give You Nightmares\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For over 300 million years, these lethal hunters have ruled the skies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re the order Odonata. That’s dragonflies and damselflies to most of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the dinosaurs even existed, they had a two-foot wingspan, like a small hawk. Today they’re more modest in scale, but no less deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take their eyes. Each tiny hexagonal cell picks up light from a different direction, which gives dragonflies an almost-360-degree range of vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four wings help them hover, or turn on a dime. That means this hunter rarely misses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weird thing is Odonata spend most of their lives in a place where these killer piloting skills don’t help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where their mothers lay their eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they hatch, the babies – called larvae or nymphs – spend months or years underwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their wings are still growing, so they aren’t any help in scoring a meal … like this tasty mosquito larva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a larva-eat-larva world down here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did you see that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s slow it down. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nymph has a killer lip, called a labium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remind you of this creepy thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For this skimmer nymph it’s shaped like a spork. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only dragonfly and damselfly nymphs have this special lip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of dragonfly nymph, a darner, has an extra surprise. There’s a pair of pincers right at the end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It all happens in a fraction of a second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of the lip as a knife, fork and plate all rolled into one. When the meal is over, it folds up neatly, ready for the next occasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These baby skeeters don’t stand a chance. And that’s good for us. Let’s hope it stays this way for a few million more years.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of us head for home … for cover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because as the shadows creep in, they hide things … Frightful things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is that? That little tower? Look, there’s another one. They blend in so well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a California turret spider. Its lair is like the turret of a castle, rising above the forest floor. It’s lined the inside with pearly white silk. And coated the outside with mud, moss or leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The turret leads down to the spider’s burrow, that can descend six inches underground. The spider spends its days down there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the last rays of the sun die out, it rises … to wait, motionless. Until some unsuspecting creature happens by, like this pill bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every step it takes creates tiny tremors, betraying its location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whew! That was close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turret spiders actually have pretty poor vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, they rely on feel, bursting out in whichever direction the vibrations seem to come from. So, sometimes they miss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They belong to a group of spiders called mygalomorphs – along with their more famous cousins: tarantulas and trapdoor spiders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pack oversized fangs that swing down like a pair of pickaxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were hunting this way long before spiders started building intricate aerial webs, like this orb weaver spider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, a female turret spider might live for 16 years and never stray from her turret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She only ventures into the world for a split second. Just long enough to drag her next victim down to its demise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our next creature is straight out of science fiction. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wormlion ambushes its prey from the bottom of its tidy – and terrifying – sand pit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meeting a Wormlion Is the Pits\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You never really know where trouble is lurking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When one wayward step … means disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This small hole in the sand is really the lair of a wormlion. And it’s ferocious. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You find them in dry, dusty soil in the mountains of Northern California. The ground is cratered with danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, it’s a tiny little wriggly thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wormlions set a fearsome trap that’s straight out of science fiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To build it, they slink below the surface, pushing through dirt, sand and rocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’ll fling them out of the way as they get settled into their shallow pit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oops, try again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then … it just lies in wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s almost invisible, camouflaged by the sand stuck to its body. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This ant is totally clueless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wormlion strikes like a cobra, injecting venom into its prey to paralyze it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It constricts the ant, dragging it under, until … it’s all over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the wormlion is done feeding on the juicy innards, it flicks the empty carcass away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And tidies up its pit for its next meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ehhh, careful!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a couple of years of the good life, this wormlion will leave this dusty ditch behind and take to the skies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because really, it’s not a worm at all. It’s a fly larva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll turn into this: a fly that lives for less than a week. Its only job is to mate and lay eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for most of its life, it’s sitting pretty in its pit, waiting for lunch to fall right in its lap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The assassin bug kills its victim by stabbing it over and over. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But does this perpetrator have an accomplice? Sticky droplets at the scene of the crime could be a clue.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>You Can’t Unsee the Assassin Bug’s Dirty Work\n\u003ch2>\u003c/h2>\n\u003c/h2>\u003cp>Just beneath the petals of this flower, a brutal murder is in progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was the victim, a few minutes earlier: a caterpillar. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before it got whacked, it was on its way to becoming an owlet moth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is the perpetrator. \u003cem>Pselliopus spinicollis\u003c/em>, aka the assassin bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It dispatches its victims with this sharp weapon. When it’s not using it, it keeps it folded up, like a switchblade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s review that crime footage again, shall we?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yep, the assassin bug is definitely the hit man. But did it have an accomplice? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scene of the crime is this tarweed. Pretty, right? But what are these glossy droplets all over the place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few nights back, this midge got trapped in them. So did this other tiny fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out, the tarweed lured them with these sweet, lemony droplets. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This plant is an insect graveyard. Those bodies are a bribe for the assassin bugs, so they’ll take care of the plant’s caterpillar problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See, the caterpillars eat its flowers. No flowers, no pollen. No pollen, no reproduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that they’re on the tarweed, the assassin bugs mate and lay an egg or two right next to the cadavers, so their offspring have something to eat when they hatch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then they get to work on that job for the tarweeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bigger caterpillars put up a fight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The little ones, they’ll try to make themselves scarce, dangling down on a line of silk. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But plenty of them end up like our murder victim. Sucked dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the caterpillars out of the way, the tarweed mastermind can hang onto its flowers – and spread its pollen – for one more day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dragonflies are masters of the aerial attack. But their babies grow up underwater, where they use a lightning-fast killer lip to nab their prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Baby Dragonfly’s Mouth Will Give You Nightmares\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For over 300 million years, these lethal hunters have ruled the skies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re the order Odonata. That’s dragonflies and damselflies to most of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the dinosaurs even existed, they had a two-foot wingspan, like a small hawk. Today they’re more modest in scale, but no less deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take their eyes. Each tiny hexagonal cell picks up light from a different direction, which gives dragonflies an almost-360-degree range of vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four wings help them hover, or turn on a dime. That means this hunter rarely misses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weird thing is Odonata spend most of their lives in a place where these killer piloting skills don’t help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where their mothers lay their eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they hatch, the babies – called larvae or nymphs – spend months or years underwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their wings are still growing, so they aren’t any help in scoring a meal … like this tasty mosquito larva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a larva-eat-larva world down here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did you see that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s slow it down. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nymph has a killer lip, called a labium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remind you of this creepy thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For this skimmer nymph it’s shaped like a spork. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only dragonfly and damselfly nymphs have this special lip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of dragonfly nymph, a darner, has an extra surprise. There’s a pair of pincers right at the end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It all happens in a fraction of a second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of the lip as a knife, fork and plate all rolled into one. When the meal is over, it folds up neatly, ready for the next occasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These baby skeeters don’t stand a chance. And that’s good for us. Let’s hope it stays this way for a few million more years.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Ray López-Chang stays with his grandma in the El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles, south of Pasadena, for now. The tall, bubbly 30-year-old with glowing skin hushed his dog, Cielo, from barking when we met at this temporary home: a one-story house on a hill. He lived here off and on when he was younger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López-Chang evacuated his family from their home in Altadena at 3 a.m. on Jan. 8. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022057/the-california-wildfires-could-be-leaving-deeper-inequality-in-their-wake\">Eaton Fire roared\u003c/a>, forcing evacuations across the town. Six hours later, he briefly returned to grab clothes, medications and valuables they didn’t want to lose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It felt very chaotic and perilous inside with cars snaking through small streets, folks running through sidewalks,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also spent precious time spraying down their house with water in hopes of preventing wind-whipped embers from igniting the house. Before they left, López-Chang said his mom grabbed a figurine of a Catholic saint. But then placed the icon back “to protect the home,” López-Chang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995448\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995448\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray López-Chang at his grandmother’s house in the El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles, south of Pasadena, on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salomón Huerta rents a small home in Altadena several blocks away. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/salomonhuerta/?hl=en\">figurative painter\u003c/a> was on his way home from work when his wife called nervously as the fire approached. “She goes: ‘You better hurry up because I can see the fire,’” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires burning in Southern California have consumed more than 40,000 acres and more than 10,700 structures, as well as the lives of 25 people, at least. The Eaton Fire ripped through Altadena and is still not contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López-Chang and Huerta are two of the thousands of residents within that evacuation zone who cannot return, many who have yet to find out if their homes are still standing. KQED sent me to report on the fires, and friends connected me to them. The families tried to reach their homes multiple times after the wind and flames moderated, but the National Guard turned them around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995450\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995450\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salomón Huerta in his sister’s house in the Van Nuys neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire and Los Angeles County created \u003ca href=\"https://recovery.lacounty.gov/eaton-fire/\">a website where families can check on the status of their homes. \u003c/a>When I checked, López-Chang’s home was not yet listed. On my next trip to the fire zone, I drove by to see for myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turn off the 210 Freeway onto Lincoln Avenue and move toward the San Gabriel Mountains, and all along the road, you’ll find shops and groups of people collecting donations — boxes of clothes, stacks of bottled water and mountains of food — for fire victims, many of whom were still waiting to see what remains, if anything, of their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I flashed my press pass to a public information officer at a National Guard station. When I arrived at López-Chang’s home, I found his one-story white house with bright green grass and a palm tree still standing, without scorch marks or piles of ash surrounding it. Later, I’d show him a photo of it, and he couldn’t stop staring at the phone, virtually expressionless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just locking eyes with it,” López-Chang said. “It’s like seeing someone you haven’t seen in a long time, and I just don’t want to lose that image.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995449\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995449\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1218\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-800x487.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1020x621.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-768x468.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1536x935.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1920x1169.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López-Chang’s house still standing in Altadena, on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>López-Chang said his mom made the right decision to leave the figurine of a Catholic saint to watch over their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe the saints helped,” he said, noting that it was originally his grandmother’s figurine. “We tried as much as we could, but her hand was over the home as much as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his parents would be so relieved to learn that the house they bought about a decade ago after immigrating from Nicaragua in the 1970s is still standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This helps clarify a lot for us about what the next several weeks look like,” López-Chang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the house did not burn, the smoke that enveloped the house could have rendered it uninhabitable. “At minimum, we’ll be able to access some of our belongings and memories,” he said.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"science_1995420,news_12022532,news_12022375\"]But not all residents were so lucky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huerta and his wife, Ana Morales-Huerta, rented a small home several blocks east of López-Chang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huerta said he had five minutes to pack his belongings, selecting items he could resell in case he needed the cash. “I grabbed a large sketchbook with a David Bowie’s \u003cem>Diamond Dogs\u003c/em> album in it that’s worth a lot of money,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the evacuation frenzy, he did not even have time to think about grabbing his archives — mainly transparencies and photos of his previous work — dating back to 1992.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I drove down Huerta’s street, all the homes on the block had burned. Only a pile of rubble remained of his house, surrounded by a charred hedge and a tall tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t recognize it,” Huerta said, leaning back in his chair, his face pressed into lines of confusion when I showed him photos of the burned mess. “I don’t know what I’m looking at because it doesn’t look like what I remember it to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire destroyed not only his home but also his favorite cafe, the diner where he met art collectors and his gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know anything about construction, but I don’t see how they’re going to rebuild for a very long time because the damage is just too massive,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995451\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995451\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The burnt-out home that Salomón Huerta had rented with his wife Ana Morales-Huerta in Altadena on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huerta is looking for a new home but doesn’t have renters insurance. His art dealer started a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/help-salomon-and-ana-recover-after-fire\">GoFundMe\u003c/a> to help with relocation costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if we get 50% of what we had, we’d be really happy,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though López-Chang’s home is still standing, as a young person in Los Angeles living with the effects of human-caused climate change in real time, he wasn’t too surprised the fire grew out of control. Scientists believe human-caused \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995420/climate-scientists-warn-of-growing-whiplash-effect-on-weather-patterns\">climate change exacerbated the dry conditions\u003c/a> that made the area easy to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this isn’t a perfect example of what the outcome of fast climate change looks like, I don’t know what is,” López-Chang said. “This affected people’s homes, businesses, livelihoods and memories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ray López-Chang stays with his grandma in the El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles, south of Pasadena, for now. The tall, bubbly 30-year-old with glowing skin hushed his dog, Cielo, from barking when we met at this temporary home: a one-story house on a hill. He lived here off and on when he was younger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López-Chang evacuated his family from their home in Altadena at 3 a.m. on Jan. 8. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022057/the-california-wildfires-could-be-leaving-deeper-inequality-in-their-wake\">Eaton Fire roared\u003c/a>, forcing evacuations across the town. Six hours later, he briefly returned to grab clothes, medications and valuables they didn’t want to lose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It felt very chaotic and perilous inside with cars snaking through small streets, folks running through sidewalks,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also spent precious time spraying down their house with water in hopes of preventing wind-whipped embers from igniting the house. Before they left, López-Chang said his mom grabbed a figurine of a Catholic saint. But then placed the icon back “to protect the home,” López-Chang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995448\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995448\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray López-Chang at his grandmother’s house in the El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles, south of Pasadena, on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salomón Huerta rents a small home in Altadena several blocks away. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/salomonhuerta/?hl=en\">figurative painter\u003c/a> was on his way home from work when his wife called nervously as the fire approached. “She goes: ‘You better hurry up because I can see the fire,’” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires burning in Southern California have consumed more than 40,000 acres and more than 10,700 structures, as well as the lives of 25 people, at least. The Eaton Fire ripped through Altadena and is still not contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López-Chang and Huerta are two of the thousands of residents within that evacuation zone who cannot return, many who have yet to find out if their homes are still standing. KQED sent me to report on the fires, and friends connected me to them. The families tried to reach their homes multiple times after the wind and flames moderated, but the National Guard turned them around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995450\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995450\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salomón Huerta in his sister’s house in the Van Nuys neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire and Los Angeles County created \u003ca href=\"https://recovery.lacounty.gov/eaton-fire/\">a website where families can check on the status of their homes. \u003c/a>When I checked, López-Chang’s home was not yet listed. On my next trip to the fire zone, I drove by to see for myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turn off the 210 Freeway onto Lincoln Avenue and move toward the San Gabriel Mountains, and all along the road, you’ll find shops and groups of people collecting donations — boxes of clothes, stacks of bottled water and mountains of food — for fire victims, many of whom were still waiting to see what remains, if anything, of their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I flashed my press pass to a public information officer at a National Guard station. When I arrived at López-Chang’s home, I found his one-story white house with bright green grass and a palm tree still standing, without scorch marks or piles of ash surrounding it. Later, I’d show him a photo of it, and he couldn’t stop staring at the phone, virtually expressionless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just locking eyes with it,” López-Chang said. “It’s like seeing someone you haven’t seen in a long time, and I just don’t want to lose that image.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995449\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995449\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1218\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-800x487.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1020x621.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-768x468.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1536x935.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1920x1169.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López-Chang’s house still standing in Altadena, on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>López-Chang said his mom made the right decision to leave the figurine of a Catholic saint to watch over their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe the saints helped,” he said, noting that it was originally his grandmother’s figurine. “We tried as much as we could, but her hand was over the home as much as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his parents would be so relieved to learn that the house they bought about a decade ago after immigrating from Nicaragua in the 1970s is still standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This helps clarify a lot for us about what the next several weeks look like,” López-Chang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the house did not burn, the smoke that enveloped the house could have rendered it uninhabitable. “At minimum, we’ll be able to access some of our belongings and memories,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But not all residents were so lucky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huerta and his wife, Ana Morales-Huerta, rented a small home several blocks east of López-Chang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huerta said he had five minutes to pack his belongings, selecting items he could resell in case he needed the cash. “I grabbed a large sketchbook with a David Bowie’s \u003cem>Diamond Dogs\u003c/em> album in it that’s worth a lot of money,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the evacuation frenzy, he did not even have time to think about grabbing his archives — mainly transparencies and photos of his previous work — dating back to 1992.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I drove down Huerta’s street, all the homes on the block had burned. Only a pile of rubble remained of his house, surrounded by a charred hedge and a tall tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t recognize it,” Huerta said, leaning back in his chair, his face pressed into lines of confusion when I showed him photos of the burned mess. “I don’t know what I’m looking at because it doesn’t look like what I remember it to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire destroyed not only his home but also his favorite cafe, the diner where he met art collectors and his gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know anything about construction, but I don’t see how they’re going to rebuild for a very long time because the damage is just too massive,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995451\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995451\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The burnt-out home that Salomón Huerta had rented with his wife Ana Morales-Huerta in Altadena on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huerta is looking for a new home but doesn’t have renters insurance. His art dealer started a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/help-salomon-and-ana-recover-after-fire\">GoFundMe\u003c/a> to help with relocation costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if we get 50% of what we had, we’d be really happy,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though López-Chang’s home is still standing, as a young person in Los Angeles living with the effects of human-caused climate change in real time, he wasn’t too surprised the fire grew out of control. Scientists believe human-caused \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995420/climate-scientists-warn-of-growing-whiplash-effect-on-weather-patterns\">climate change exacerbated the dry conditions\u003c/a> that made the area easy to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this isn’t a perfect example of what the outcome of fast climate change looks like, I don’t know what is,” López-Chang said. “This affected people’s homes, businesses, livelihoods and memories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Californians are all too familiar with flip-flopping weather extremes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12020835/southern-california-fires-could-be-most-expensive-us-history\">massive wildfires currently burning in Southern California\u003c/a> followed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015534/bay-area-record-breaking-rainfall-deluge-surprises-forecasters\">two years of excessive rainfall\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994538/3-bay-area-cities-had-hottest-summer-in-history-as-climate-change-pushes-temps-up\">hottest summer on record\u003c/a>, major \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1982460/southern-central-valley-counties-brace-for-flooding-as-heat-wave-melts-sierra-snowpack\">flooding that re-filled a historic lake in the Central Valley\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/24515/study-california-drought-most-severe-dry-spell-in-at-least-1200-years\">most severe drought in recorded history,\u003c/a> and so on, all in the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New research cements the idea that California’s weather whiplash is increasing as the atmosphere warms due to human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see the last decade as a preview of what we should expect to see more of,” said Daniel Swain, a climate scientist with UC Agriculture and Natural Resources and UCLA. Except that “the wettest wets and the driest dries we’ve seen recently are not the wettest wets and the driest dries we will see in the coming decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of climate scientists, led by Swain, published a \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/3TN5CrkYKnfnGW2jfjtWS4lsyf?domain=ucla.us10.list-manage.com\">study on Thursday in the journal \u003cem>Nature Reviews\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that found what they call “hydroclimate whiplash” — fast swings between alarmingly wet and seriously dry weather — is expanding globally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The phenomenon has grown up to 66% since the mid-20th century, and the authors expect it to nearly double at 3 degrees Celsius of warming above pre-industrial levels. Average global temperatures \u003ca href=\"https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/global-temperature-likely-exceed-15degc-above-pre-industrial-level-temporarily-next-5-years\">could surpass a 1.5 degrees Celsius rise in the next five years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still hoping we won’t get there at all, but we are right now still on a path to essentially double the amount of warming we’ve already seen,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team found that a warmer atmosphere has a greater capacity to hold water vapor and store that moisture for longer before it bursts out of clouds as rain and snow. This can create longer dry periods and more intense precipitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, global warming deepens droughts, increases storms or a season’s flood potential, and exacerbates wildfire risk, which is a big deal for California, which is already characterized by a boom-and-bust water cycle. The team describes this phenomenon as hydroclimate whiplash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It means that California’s already volatile hydroclimate is likely to become even more so, which makes water management even more difficult,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Whiplash increases fire risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The wildfires burning in Southern California are a prime example of how the changing climate can exacerbate the impact of a swing between wet and dry conditions, according to study coauthor and UC Merced climatologist \u003ca href=\"https://engineering.ucmerced.edu/content/john-abatzoglou\">John Abatzoglou\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wet conditions encourage the growth of grasses and shrubs, and if a dry period follows, wildfires can flourish. An errant spark and strong winds can light up a mountainside or neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Warmer air can basically pull more water out of plants and the soil, and that’s one ingredient that sets the stage for fire in our forests,” Abatzoglou said. “We’re essentially adding fuel to the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of Southern California experienced its driest start to the water year following a period of record warmth and two back-to-back wet years. Grasses and chaparral have grown to nearly double their regular rate. The preexisting conditions and strong winds caused the fires to explode out of control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the study’s indicators would have categorized Southern California as unusually wet earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, like nine months later, they’re unusually dry,” he said. “They’ve got a pretty significant Santa Ana wind bearing down on them, and they’ve already had several significant fires this fall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain notes that climate change has deepened fire seasons into the winter months in Southern California. This is problematic because natural offshore winds usually occur during this period. When strong winds overlap with dry vegetation, “dangerous wildfire conditions can develop.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This, ultimately, is the key climate change connection to Southern California wildfires,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995427\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995427\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Palisades Fire blows smoke over Santa Monica Beach on Jan. 8, 2025, in Santa Monica, Los Angeles County. Fueled by intense Santa Ana Winds, the Palisades Fire has grown to over 2,900 acres and 30,000 people have been ordered to evacuate while a second major fire has emerged near Eaton Canyon and Altadena. \u003ccite>(Tiffany Rose/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Defining hydroclimate whiplash\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The scientists reviewed 202 peer-reviewed climate studies, and Swain said they went “beyond what’s in the existing literature by formalizing the term hydroclimate whiplash, defining the phrase in two ways: subseasonal and interannual. The first describes rapid transitions between dry and wet conditions within a three-month season, and the second describes whiplash on a year-to-year scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team, which included scientists from two countries and across the U.S., found that three-month-scale observations of hydroclimate whiplash are increasing on the high end of the climate model range and that longer-term episodes of hydroclimate whiplash are falling within what climate models have predicted so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That might tell us something about why it feels like we are just getting this unrelenting sequence of wet and dry extremes alternating back and forth,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors also coined a new term: expanding atmospheric sponge, referring to the growing ability of the atmosphere to absorb water and later release it as precipitation. Scientists found that for every degree Celsius the planet warms, the atmosphere can hold 7% more water.[aside label=\"More Climate News\" postID=\"news_12020765,science_1935067,news_12020768\"]\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995286/stanford-ai-predicts-scorching-future-even-greenhouse-gas-goals-met\">Noah Diffenbaugh\u003c/a>, a Stanford climate scientist and coauthor, said the atmosphere is like a yellow kitchen sponge that increases in size as it warms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you wring the sponge out, it’s going to have more water getting wrung out of it,” he said. “But at the same time, it will take more water to fill that sponge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some sense, he said anthropogenic climate change creates “a more thirsty” atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of this paradox that as the atmosphere gets warmer, both the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere can increase, and the deficit of water vapor in the atmosphere can also increase exponentially,” Diffenbaugh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t have to look too far in the past to see an example of how a super wet period broke up a severe drought. California’s stormy winter of 2022–23 dismantled a three-year drought and is an example of interannual hydroclimate whiplash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The silver lining is that we will still get those wet years,” Swain said. “The water did come. It just didn’t come in a nice, gentle, convenient way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No more chasing average water years\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Abatzoglou said human-caused climate change will increase extremes, but average precipitation totals may not change “a heck of a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abatzologu suggests that the state’s leaders plan for “changes in extremes” from wet to dry or vice versa instead of average precipitation totals. While the study shows “a little bit of a shift more toward potentially wetter periods in the future,” he said the extremes are dangerous, as they can cause flooding or drying out issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the study authors, including Abatzolgou, Diffenbaugh, and Swain, have experienced extreme weather whiplash in recent years. Swain hosts weekly YouTube office hours dissecting hydroclimate whiplash, primarily along the West Coast. He discusses sudden changes in weather patterns, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12018477/why-did-sf-get-tornado-warning-but-not-scotts-valley-where-twister-hit\">like tornados\u003c/a>, and has detailed how the state moved from drought to deluge in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, Swain describes hydroclimate whiplash, which Californians live with year in and year out, “as the flavor of climate change in California” that residents must endure unless the world reduces global emissions that cause atmospheric warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Californians are all too familiar with flip-flopping weather extremes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12020835/southern-california-fires-could-be-most-expensive-us-history\">massive wildfires currently burning in Southern California\u003c/a> followed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015534/bay-area-record-breaking-rainfall-deluge-surprises-forecasters\">two years of excessive rainfall\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994538/3-bay-area-cities-had-hottest-summer-in-history-as-climate-change-pushes-temps-up\">hottest summer on record\u003c/a>, major \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1982460/southern-central-valley-counties-brace-for-flooding-as-heat-wave-melts-sierra-snowpack\">flooding that re-filled a historic lake in the Central Valley\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/24515/study-california-drought-most-severe-dry-spell-in-at-least-1200-years\">most severe drought in recorded history,\u003c/a> and so on, all in the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New research cements the idea that California’s weather whiplash is increasing as the atmosphere warms due to human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see the last decade as a preview of what we should expect to see more of,” said Daniel Swain, a climate scientist with UC Agriculture and Natural Resources and UCLA. Except that “the wettest wets and the driest dries we’ve seen recently are not the wettest wets and the driest dries we will see in the coming decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of climate scientists, led by Swain, published a \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/3TN5CrkYKnfnGW2jfjtWS4lsyf?domain=ucla.us10.list-manage.com\">study on Thursday in the journal \u003cem>Nature Reviews\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that found what they call “hydroclimate whiplash” — fast swings between alarmingly wet and seriously dry weather — is expanding globally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The phenomenon has grown up to 66% since the mid-20th century, and the authors expect it to nearly double at 3 degrees Celsius of warming above pre-industrial levels. Average global temperatures \u003ca href=\"https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/global-temperature-likely-exceed-15degc-above-pre-industrial-level-temporarily-next-5-years\">could surpass a 1.5 degrees Celsius rise in the next five years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still hoping we won’t get there at all, but we are right now still on a path to essentially double the amount of warming we’ve already seen,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team found that a warmer atmosphere has a greater capacity to hold water vapor and store that moisture for longer before it bursts out of clouds as rain and snow. This can create longer dry periods and more intense precipitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, global warming deepens droughts, increases storms or a season’s flood potential, and exacerbates wildfire risk, which is a big deal for California, which is already characterized by a boom-and-bust water cycle. The team describes this phenomenon as hydroclimate whiplash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It means that California’s already volatile hydroclimate is likely to become even more so, which makes water management even more difficult,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Whiplash increases fire risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The wildfires burning in Southern California are a prime example of how the changing climate can exacerbate the impact of a swing between wet and dry conditions, according to study coauthor and UC Merced climatologist \u003ca href=\"https://engineering.ucmerced.edu/content/john-abatzoglou\">John Abatzoglou\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wet conditions encourage the growth of grasses and shrubs, and if a dry period follows, wildfires can flourish. An errant spark and strong winds can light up a mountainside or neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Warmer air can basically pull more water out of plants and the soil, and that’s one ingredient that sets the stage for fire in our forests,” Abatzoglou said. “We’re essentially adding fuel to the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of Southern California experienced its driest start to the water year following a period of record warmth and two back-to-back wet years. Grasses and chaparral have grown to nearly double their regular rate. The preexisting conditions and strong winds caused the fires to explode out of control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the study’s indicators would have categorized Southern California as unusually wet earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, like nine months later, they’re unusually dry,” he said. “They’ve got a pretty significant Santa Ana wind bearing down on them, and they’ve already had several significant fires this fall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain notes that climate change has deepened fire seasons into the winter months in Southern California. This is problematic because natural offshore winds usually occur during this period. When strong winds overlap with dry vegetation, “dangerous wildfire conditions can develop.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This, ultimately, is the key climate change connection to Southern California wildfires,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995427\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995427\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/GettyImages-2193001120-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Palisades Fire blows smoke over Santa Monica Beach on Jan. 8, 2025, in Santa Monica, Los Angeles County. Fueled by intense Santa Ana Winds, the Palisades Fire has grown to over 2,900 acres and 30,000 people have been ordered to evacuate while a second major fire has emerged near Eaton Canyon and Altadena. \u003ccite>(Tiffany Rose/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Defining hydroclimate whiplash\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The scientists reviewed 202 peer-reviewed climate studies, and Swain said they went “beyond what’s in the existing literature by formalizing the term hydroclimate whiplash, defining the phrase in two ways: subseasonal and interannual. The first describes rapid transitions between dry and wet conditions within a three-month season, and the second describes whiplash on a year-to-year scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team, which included scientists from two countries and across the U.S., found that three-month-scale observations of hydroclimate whiplash are increasing on the high end of the climate model range and that longer-term episodes of hydroclimate whiplash are falling within what climate models have predicted so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That might tell us something about why it feels like we are just getting this unrelenting sequence of wet and dry extremes alternating back and forth,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors also coined a new term: expanding atmospheric sponge, referring to the growing ability of the atmosphere to absorb water and later release it as precipitation. Scientists found that for every degree Celsius the planet warms, the atmosphere can hold 7% more water.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995286/stanford-ai-predicts-scorching-future-even-greenhouse-gas-goals-met\">Noah Diffenbaugh\u003c/a>, a Stanford climate scientist and coauthor, said the atmosphere is like a yellow kitchen sponge that increases in size as it warms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you wring the sponge out, it’s going to have more water getting wrung out of it,” he said. “But at the same time, it will take more water to fill that sponge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some sense, he said anthropogenic climate change creates “a more thirsty” atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of this paradox that as the atmosphere gets warmer, both the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere can increase, and the deficit of water vapor in the atmosphere can also increase exponentially,” Diffenbaugh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t have to look too far in the past to see an example of how a super wet period broke up a severe drought. California’s stormy winter of 2022–23 dismantled a three-year drought and is an example of interannual hydroclimate whiplash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The silver lining is that we will still get those wet years,” Swain said. “The water did come. It just didn’t come in a nice, gentle, convenient way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No more chasing average water years\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Abatzoglou said human-caused climate change will increase extremes, but average precipitation totals may not change “a heck of a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abatzologu suggests that the state’s leaders plan for “changes in extremes” from wet to dry or vice versa instead of average precipitation totals. While the study shows “a little bit of a shift more toward potentially wetter periods in the future,” he said the extremes are dangerous, as they can cause flooding or drying out issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the study authors, including Abatzolgou, Diffenbaugh, and Swain, have experienced extreme weather whiplash in recent years. Swain hosts weekly YouTube office hours dissecting hydroclimate whiplash, primarily along the West Coast. He discusses sudden changes in weather patterns, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12018477/why-did-sf-get-tornado-warning-but-not-scotts-valley-where-twister-hit\">like tornados\u003c/a>, and has detailed how the state moved from drought to deluge in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, Swain describes hydroclimate whiplash, which Californians live with year in and year out, “as the flavor of climate change in California” that residents must endure unless the world reduces global emissions that cause atmospheric warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>As a caterpillar, a grass skipper butterfly is an architect. It builds its home by weaving skeins of silk, which the caterpillar uses to fold shut a blade of grass. After growing up inside this “grass taco,” it emerges as a fuzzy butterfly that woos a mate with flirty courtship dances.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>With each sway of its head, this caterpillar lays a strand of silk. It’s weaving to survive. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the silk dries, it shrinks, pulling the edges of this blade of grass together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In just a few minutes, this butterfly babe has made its very own grass taco … a safe place to call home. And now, it’s time for its first nap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it grows up, it’ll get its wings. It’s a kind of butterfly called a skipper.\u003cbr>\nLook close enough and you might find one of these caterpillar homes in your backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grass skipper caterpillars build with grass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other skipper species use leaves, cutting and folding them to make tiny houses.\u003cbr>\nAnd a banana skipper rolls up banana leaves into little “cigars.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A grass skipper caterpillar tucks into its shelter to hide from weather, parasites and predators … like paper wasps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s hungry, it ventures out for some fresh grass … like a nearby blade or even the end of its own house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yum, house!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And don’t worry, it keeps its place clean. Time to take out the trash!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the caterpillar grows, it builds itself new homes. It’s making a silk pad so it won’t slip. The silk comes out of this pointy mouthpart called the spinneret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A skipper caterpillar’s skinny neck gives it plenty of room to sway its head back and forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a few weeks, the caterpillar fills out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ugh, this belt is tight!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns into a pupa. And within weeks, an adult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skippers look fuzzier than your average butterfly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might mistake one for a moth. But most moths fly at night, and skippers fly during the day, some at dawn or dusk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out their wings. See how the two sets spread out at different angles?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes them look like a tiny jet plane. It’s known as the bombardier position … even though skippers always come in peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most butterflies keep their two sets of wings on the same plane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skippers’ chonky bodies are made up of strong flying muscles. They’re some of the speediest butterflies out there, skipping away from predators like birds. Yes, that is how they got their name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also fan their wings in flirty courtship dances. By fluttering, they spread their pheromones to attract a mate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Males release their pheromones from a gland on their front wings – see that big splotch? It’s called a brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has a gland on her backside. Maybe that’s why he keeps nudging her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These dances can be truly acrobatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male is trying to lure her with his scent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But her fluttering is telling him he’s not her type. Literally. He’s the wrong species of grass skipper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she does find “the one,” she lays pinhead-sized white eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caterpillars eat through them to break free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’ll go on to make a fresh batch of their very own grass tacos.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grass skipper caterpillars build with grass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other skipper species use leaves, cutting and folding them to make tiny houses.\u003cbr>\nAnd a banana skipper rolls up banana leaves into little “cigars.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A grass skipper caterpillar tucks into its shelter to hide from weather, parasites and predators … like paper wasps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s hungry, it ventures out for some fresh grass … like a nearby blade or even the end of its own house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yum, house!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And don’t worry, it keeps its place clean. Time to take out the trash!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the caterpillar grows, it builds itself new homes. It’s making a silk pad so it won’t slip. The silk comes out of this pointy mouthpart called the spinneret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A skipper caterpillar’s skinny neck gives it plenty of room to sway its head back and forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a few weeks, the caterpillar fills out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ugh, this belt is tight!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns into a pupa. And within weeks, an adult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skippers look fuzzier than your average butterfly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might mistake one for a moth. But most moths fly at night, and skippers fly during the day, some at dawn or dusk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out their wings. See how the two sets spread out at different angles?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes them look like a tiny jet plane. It’s known as the bombardier position … even though skippers always come in peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most butterflies keep their two sets of wings on the same plane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skippers’ chonky bodies are made up of strong flying muscles. They’re some of the speediest butterflies out there, skipping away from predators like birds. Yes, that is how they got their name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also fan their wings in flirty courtship dances. By fluttering, they spread their pheromones to attract a mate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Males release their pheromones from a gland on their front wings – see that big splotch? It’s called a brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has a gland on her backside. Maybe that’s why he keeps nudging her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These dances can be truly acrobatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male is trying to lure her with his scent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But her fluttering is telling him he’s not her type. Literally. He’s the wrong species of grass skipper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she does find “the one,” she lays pinhead-sized white eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caterpillars eat through them to break free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’ll go on to make a fresh batch of their very own grass tacos.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people call them sand piranhas. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientific name: \u003cem>Excirolana chiltoni\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These tiny crustaceans are on the prowl for protein, and they don’t care where they get it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From dead animals – like this pipefish – that washed up on the shore, to beachgoers’ flesh … in this case, your ankle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One bite feels like the nick of a razor blade – sharp and then stinging. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with enough time, a large group could likely clean the flesh straight off ya. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s one, biting away at a foot, spinning in a full circle to get as much of you as it can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re relatives of roly polies, which actually evolved from ocean animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Excirolana chiltoni\u003c/em> are found in shallow waters on the coasts of places like Canada, the United States, Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because they’re tiny, travel in small groups and have sand-colored camouflage, they’re pretty easy to miss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sand piranhas live in the swash zone, where saturated sand is washed over by waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out of the whole wide beach, they stay in a band about the width of a car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in a while they get stuck in a tidepool, but mostly these crustaceans burrow in wet sand between waves, taking cover from predators like these shore birds. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sand piranha digs in with some fearsome tools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It holds steady with these hooks on its legs, then deploys this pair of mandibles. They scrape away at their meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And these front legs, called maxillipeds, sweep food into its piehole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And right now, you’re on the menu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t even try to ease your pain with anesthetic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How rude!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And once it’s down the hatch, there’s no hiding what it had for lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t worry! That’s not human blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This sand piranha is chowing down on something called a bloodworm, named for its bright red worm blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sand piranhas travel up and down the beach as the tides change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few creatures can survive the rough-and-tumble life here in the swash zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So these crustaceans get priority access to whatever washes up. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They help clean up all kinds of wayward corpses … like this sea pickle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keeping your favorite beach a little less stinky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, you don’t have to wait ‘til one of these tiny piranhas starts chomping on your foot to know they’re around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch out for these distinctive scribbles in the sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you see them, keep moving your feet through that swash zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or better yet – dive in.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Area environmentalists are shaking their heads at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President-elect Donald Trump\u003c/a>’s tapping of a former New York congressman to run the federal Environmental Protection Agency with marching orders to ensure “fair and swift deregulatory decisions that will be enacted in a way to unleash the power of American businesses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His pick, Lee Zeldin, served four terms in the House, during which he was a vocal defender of Trump and sat on the Veterans’ Affairs, Foreign Affairs and Financial Services committees — but had little experience with environmental or climate-related issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He would take charge of the EPA as the incoming Trump administration is almost certain to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101907787/what-the-trump-administration-could-mean-for-our-climate\">clash with California\u003c/a> over oil and gas regulation as well as rules meant to combat climate change and protect environmental resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zeldin, in his own statement posted to social media, promised to “restore US energy dominance, revitalize our auto industry to bring back American jobs and make the US the global leader of AI. We will do so while protecting access to clean air and water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental leaders expressed concern that Trump’s choice all but confirmed a deregulatory shift at the federal level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are disappointed but not surprised,” Sejal Choksi-Chugh, executive director of San Francisco Baykeeper, told KQED. “[Zeldin] has very little environmental experience, but that also seems to be the reason he was chosen. It looks like he’s going to be very pro-fossil fuels, pro-pollution and just trying to get rid of the regulations that protect human health across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994372\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1994372 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1125\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames from a flaring pit near a well in the Bakken Oil Field. \u003ccite>(Orjan F. Ellingvag/Corbis via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re expecting from day one the administration [will propose] rollbacks and a lot of anti-climate deregulation that’s going to impact the entire country,” Choksi-Chugh said. “Every single person in the country is going to be harmed by the increased pollution that we’re going to see if they succeed in getting the oil industry to expand and in deregulating power plants. It’s just going to be a mess.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland-based Sierra Club said in a statement that Zeldin is an unqualified and anti-American choice who will be terrible for the nation’s air and water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our lives, our livelihoods, and our collective future cannot afford Lee Zeldin — or anyone who seeks to carry out a mission antithetical to the EPA’s mission,” the environmental organization said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12014032 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/20161109_203307_qed-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local leaders have been discussing for several months what a second Trump term could mean for the Bay Area environment and are prepared for years of litigation to defend climate rules, Choksi-Chugh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first Trump administration, California was involved in dozens of major legal cases, most directly on issues of the environment, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://attorneysgeneral.org/multistate-lawsuits-vs-the-federal-government/\">tracker\u003c/a> developed by a Marquette University political scientist, including the federal government’s effort to roll back \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1923269/california-sues-over-plan-to-scrap-car-emission-standards\">emission standards\u003c/a>, its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956060/epa-rolls-back-obama-era-rules-protecting-rivers-and-wetlands\">justification for new water rules\u003c/a>, and its push to ease methane regulations, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California won injunctions, policy reversals or other favorable rulings on the vast majority of its major environmental cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary Nichols, former chair of the California Air Resources Board, was the architect of much of California’s resistance to the Trump administration’s environmental deregulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She told KQED that “he was particularly focused on California as the enemy because we have been so out in front, both in terms of pollution regulation over many years, and also because we had taken a strong stand on climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nichols noted that Trump’s victory this time is different because it puts numerous new clean-air rules in jeopardy, as the state is still awaiting waivers from federal regulators at the EPA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately for the Trump agenda, it takes as much work to deregulate as it does to regulate,” she said. “You still have to go through a lot of hoops in order to make that happen. It won’t happen overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nomination for EPA administrator will need confirmation from the Senate, where Republicans are poised to hold a majority of seats next term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "As President-elect Donald Trump tapped former Rep. Lee Zeldin, environmental leaders say they have been planning for months on how to push back against swift environmental deregulation.",
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"title": "Bay Area Environmentalists Criticize Trump’s Pick to Lead EPA | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Area environmentalists are shaking their heads at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President-elect Donald Trump\u003c/a>’s tapping of a former New York congressman to run the federal Environmental Protection Agency with marching orders to ensure “fair and swift deregulatory decisions that will be enacted in a way to unleash the power of American businesses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His pick, Lee Zeldin, served four terms in the House, during which he was a vocal defender of Trump and sat on the Veterans’ Affairs, Foreign Affairs and Financial Services committees — but had little experience with environmental or climate-related issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He would take charge of the EPA as the incoming Trump administration is almost certain to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101907787/what-the-trump-administration-could-mean-for-our-climate\">clash with California\u003c/a> over oil and gas regulation as well as rules meant to combat climate change and protect environmental resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zeldin, in his own statement posted to social media, promised to “restore US energy dominance, revitalize our auto industry to bring back American jobs and make the US the global leader of AI. We will do so while protecting access to clean air and water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental leaders expressed concern that Trump’s choice all but confirmed a deregulatory shift at the federal level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are disappointed but not surprised,” Sejal Choksi-Chugh, executive director of San Francisco Baykeeper, told KQED. “[Zeldin] has very little environmental experience, but that also seems to be the reason he was chosen. It looks like he’s going to be very pro-fossil fuels, pro-pollution and just trying to get rid of the regulations that protect human health across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994372\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1994372 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1125\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/MethaneFlaresScienceGetty1-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames from a flaring pit near a well in the Bakken Oil Field. \u003ccite>(Orjan F. Ellingvag/Corbis via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re expecting from day one the administration [will propose] rollbacks and a lot of anti-climate deregulation that’s going to impact the entire country,” Choksi-Chugh said. “Every single person in the country is going to be harmed by the increased pollution that we’re going to see if they succeed in getting the oil industry to expand and in deregulating power plants. It’s just going to be a mess.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland-based Sierra Club said in a statement that Zeldin is an unqualified and anti-American choice who will be terrible for the nation’s air and water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our lives, our livelihoods, and our collective future cannot afford Lee Zeldin — or anyone who seeks to carry out a mission antithetical to the EPA’s mission,” the environmental organization said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local leaders have been discussing for several months what a second Trump term could mean for the Bay Area environment and are prepared for years of litigation to defend climate rules, Choksi-Chugh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first Trump administration, California was involved in dozens of major legal cases, most directly on issues of the environment, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://attorneysgeneral.org/multistate-lawsuits-vs-the-federal-government/\">tracker\u003c/a> developed by a Marquette University political scientist, including the federal government’s effort to roll back \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1923269/california-sues-over-plan-to-scrap-car-emission-standards\">emission standards\u003c/a>, its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956060/epa-rolls-back-obama-era-rules-protecting-rivers-and-wetlands\">justification for new water rules\u003c/a>, and its push to ease methane regulations, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California won injunctions, policy reversals or other favorable rulings on the vast majority of its major environmental cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary Nichols, former chair of the California Air Resources Board, was the architect of much of California’s resistance to the Trump administration’s environmental deregulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She told KQED that “he was particularly focused on California as the enemy because we have been so out in front, both in terms of pollution regulation over many years, and also because we had taken a strong stand on climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nichols noted that Trump’s victory this time is different because it puts numerous new clean-air rules in jeopardy, as the state is still awaiting waivers from federal regulators at the EPA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately for the Trump agenda, it takes as much work to deregulate as it does to regulate,” she said. “You still have to go through a lot of hoops in order to make that happen. It won’t happen overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nomination for EPA administrator will need confirmation from the Senate, where Republicans are poised to hold a majority of seats next term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "These 5 Bees Are Waaay More Than Honey and Stingers",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You know honeybees make honey, but did you know they make bread too? And four other types of bees are also dedicated chefs! Alfalfa leafcutting bees take a punch from a flower for your ice cream. Blue orchard bees bring you almonds and sweet cherries. Plus, stingless bees protect their tasty honey in creative ways. And bindweed bees’ way of gathering pollen deserves a fashion award.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are over 20 thousand species of bees on the planet, and each one is full of surprises. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bees prove there’s more to bees than just honey and stingers … \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like, did you know that honeybees turn the pollen they collect into a special food called bee bread?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check it out!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Honeybees Make Honey … and Bread?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>OK, time to head to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before this honeybee starts her commute, she’s prepping her tools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because honeybees collect pollen. You knew that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not as simple as you might think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plants want the bees to carry the pollen away and spread it to other flowers. That’s pollination, how plants reproduce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But bees also need to carry lots of it home – pollen is a protein-packed food for the hive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, they have the right gear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re hairy, like tiny flying teddy bears. She’s covered in 3 million hairs for trapping pollen. They’re even on her eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here on her legs, they’re shaped into spiky brushes and flat combs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she lands on a bloom, she really gets in there. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nibbling on the flower’s anthers detaches the pollen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Time to pack up her haul. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She cleans it off her eyes and antennae with those brushes on her front legs, like windshield wipers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here it is up close. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That leg wipes the pollen right off her eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she moves the pollen from leg to leg, like a conveyor belt – front to middle to back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bee does this super fast, while she flies from bloom to bloom, moving the pollen into special baskets on her back legs called corbiculae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She bends her leg, using it to squish the pollen into a ball, packing it together with a little saliva and nectar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She can get as many as 160,000 pollen grains into each ball. She’s hauling as much as one-third of her weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the hive, meal prep is about to start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the pollen isn’t for making honey. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The honey, under this wax, is made from nectar. They eat it for its sugar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bees turn pollen into something completely different: bee bread. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s their source of protein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Step one: Find an open spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Step two: Deposit your goods and pack them neatly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Step three: Let the pollen “marinate” with a hint of honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And voilà! It’s ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pantry is stocked – both for adult bees and the babies that are growing in the cells next door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The adults pop in to drop off a special bee bread snack … a little home cooking for the hive’s future hardworking flyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next time you enjoy an ice cream cone, thank an alfalfa leafcutting bee. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bees are so tough, they get punched in the face by flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>This Bee Gets Punched by Flowers For Your Ice Cream\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>OK, this bee seems confused. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That leaf she’s gnawing on is no flower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is an alfalfa leafcutting bee. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She needs hunks of leaves to build her nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this is her lacy handiwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She hauls the pieces back home. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leafcutters use them to line the inside of their nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nature, she might use a nook and cranny in a log.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here, her nest is in what’s basically a bee apartment building. A high-rise made of Styrofoam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These markings help the bee find her way back to her personal condo. You know, like, 7B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And furnishing it takes a while, because, see that pile? These are the pieces they dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bees are here to work in this alfalfa field in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re from Europe originally, but farmers here use them because they have a real knack for pollinating alfalfa flowers, which grow tiny seeds inside these curly pods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers use the seeds to plant new fields of alfalfa … which is grown to make hay … to feed these gals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, really, your glass of milk comes courtesy of these bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pollinating alfalfa flowers is a lot trickier than it looks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even honeybees can’t really hack it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alfalfa keeps its pollen locked away inside its flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get it, the bees have to step on a spring-loaded petal called a keel petal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how it works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pop! It releases this column that has the pollen at the end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called “tripping” the flower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here it is again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The column has some force – the bee might get a good thwack in the face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leafcutting bees just don’t care; they can take a punch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pop. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honeybees don’t really like to tangle with that. They’ll usually step around gingerly, trying to sip nectar from the side without setting it off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leafcutting bees get coated in pollen and bring it back home to their nest so they can pack it in there to feed their growing babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each one is bundled in a little leaf-wrapped bassinet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aw, there they are. The siblings all lined up together. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new generation of the toughest little bees around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why would these bees be digging into the dirt? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, building your nest underground is a great way to protect it from invaders. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless, of course, freeloading flies torpedo the nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>This Fly Torpedoes a Bindweed Bee’s Nest\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Life for bindweed turret bees is violent and unfair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s spring in California, and these male bees are in an all-out brawl, desperate to mate with the female trapped at the bottom of this pile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes the fight is so intense that the female they’re going after gets crushed to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if she survives … she and the winner steal away and mate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until another male wants in. Buzz kill!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now she starts an epic dig, prepping a place to lay her eggs underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tirelessly scoops earth with her mandibles, dousing it with nectar she collected earlier to soften it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of the world’s bee species – 70 percent – nest in the ground. These ones chose a dirt parking lot. Some nice folks cordoned it off to protect the bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Females work side by side. Each is “queen” of her own funky little castle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They build turrets, but only some of them are vertical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many are tunnel-like, with a sideways entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others curve down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ll see why that’s important in a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the bees are done digging, they head off on another mission. They gather pollen from one plant only: morning glories, also known as bindweeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She rubs her shaggy legs all over that pollen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And down she goes with her haul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pollen pants!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside her nest, she packs the pollen into neat balls – each one in its own chamber – and lays an egg on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the egg hatches into a larva, it will live off the pollen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she toils, freeloaders show up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They look like a bee, but their huge eyes give them away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re called … wait for it … bee flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fly doesn’t dig or gather pollen for her young. She just hovers over a bee’s nest and … yup, she’s dropping her own eggs in there. She’ll drop 200 eggs over her lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where those tunnels and curved turrets are useful. They make it harder for the flies to drop their eggs in from the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the fly does succeed, the fly’s egg hatches into a larva that digs tiny hooks into the bee larva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the bee eats the pollen and grows, the fly larva sucks it dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes the flies are so successful, they can nearly wipe out a population of bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these bees don’t give up. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two or three months of mating, foraging and warding off parasites come to an end when they seal up their nests with dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below ground, babies will grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following spring, if the bees are lucky, a new tiny city will burst to life, full of bees persevering just as their mothers did before them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bees may be famous for their sting, but these stingless bees defend their delicious honey with barricades, bouncers and bites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a look!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Stingless Bees Guard Tasty Honey With Barricades, Bouncers and Bites\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the break of dawn, in Oaxaca, Mexico, bees are tearing down the barrier they built last night to cover their nest entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another successful night protecting their honey and babies from thieving ants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They make this lattice out of a blend of wax and a potent ant repellent. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More on that later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not eating the waxy material – they’re stashing it to reuse tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just like the honeybees that sweeten your tea, these honeymakers live in a colony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they’re smaller and don’t have stingers to protect the sweet stuff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why they’re known as stingless bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are more than 600 species of them in the tropics around the world, mostly in the Americas. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’ve been around twice as long as honeybees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No bee stingers? No bee suits needed!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emilio Pérez is a stingless beekeeper in the highlands of Oaxaca, land inhabited by the Chinantec people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is \u003cem>Melipona beecheii\u003c/em>, one of the four bee species he keeps. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He only raises native bees. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say moving species around can spread diseases that harm them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, how do these teensy bees without stingers protect their honey?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By annoying you. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some tangle in your hair … or eyebrow … and give you a bite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It only feels like a pinprick. But they could summon a whole swarm of their sisters by releasing pheromones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In any case, for these bees, the best offense is a good defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guard bees stand watch at the nest entrance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Melipona beecheii\u003c/em> has just one imposing guard, stationed on this ledge shaped like a flower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other species employ as many as 15 guards. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They cover the perimeter of trumpet-shaped entrances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If an outsider tries to come in – like this bee from another colony – the guards sniff it out and kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These peculiar structures also make great runways, as bees go off to work in the flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not picky. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They collect nectar and pollen from dozens of plants, which they pollinate in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bees also collect resin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the sticky stuff that plants like this cedar make to keep out burrowing insects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See how she stows the drops on her back legs?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Different plants have different hues of resin: yellow … white … red.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They mix the resin with wax to make a pliable building material called cerumen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your average honeybee just uses wax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bees shape cerumen into little capsules for their offspring, and stack them like a tiered cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also use the material to make their honey pots … these orbs. Yum!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a freewheeling architectural style, compared to honeybees’ hexagonal cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, remember this protective barrier? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s made of cerumen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resin mixed in with the wax is what keeps the ants away. They hate the resin’s smell and stickiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a year, Emilio and his daughter Salustia collect honey from their nests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bee colonies are smaller and usually make less honey than honeybees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of their \u003cem>Melipona beecheii\u003c/em> colonies makes about nine pounds a year, just one seventh of what a honeybee hive produces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salustia: We’re having a honey tasting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>Deep Look\u003c/em> team got to sample it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabriela: A strong fermented flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Josh: It tastes like SweeTarts. Yeah. Really good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bee honey is sold as a health product to treat things like sore throats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All honeys contain hydrogen peroxide, which is antimicrobial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bees visit a variety of plants, many in the rainforest. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, scientists are studying their honey and resins for chemicals that might have medicinal properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the sun goes down, bees head in for the night and cover their nest entrance once again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No effort is too great to protect the riches everyone is after.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bees build nests out of mud that they pack with purple pollen for their young. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in the process, they help us grow nuts and fruits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Watch This Bee Build Her Bee-jeweled Nest\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What’s this bee up to digging around in the mud? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This blue orchard bee is a mason, a builder. Her material is – you guessed it – mud. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she works alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, unlike those honeybee hives you might think of, most of the 4,000 types of bees in North America are solitary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See how she scrapes the wet earth? She collects it with two huge pincerlike tools on her face called mandibles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s gathering mud to make her nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nest is long and thin. In nature, she goes into places like hollow twigs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of California, Davis, she uses a six-inch-long paper straw provided by researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this nest without a straw you can see how she builds a wall of mud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she gathers food from spring flowers, but not only to feed herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See the pretty purple pollen on the anther of this flower?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grabs the anthers with her legs and rubs the pollen onto hairs on her abdomen called scopa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while she’s at it, she sips a little nectar from the blooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she climbs back into her nest, she turns the pollen and nectar into a sweet morsel next to the mud wall. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this purple ball she lays a single egg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She repeats this several times in her narrow nest. Egg. Wall. Egg. Wall. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she’s done, she seals it all up with more mud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A cross section of the nest shows her incredible craftsmanship: It looks like a piece of jewelry. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, the eggs hatch. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hungry larvae feed on their pollen provision, the purple lunchbox their mom packed for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still in the safety of the nest, the well-fed larva spins a cocoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following spring, the adult bee chews its way out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just like their name says, blue orchard bees love orchards: fields of almonds and sweet cherries. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re really good at pollinating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few hundred females can pollinate as many almonds as thousands of honeybees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And their tube nest means they’re portable. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it easy to distribute them to farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why haven’t they taken over the fields?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, they reproduce slowly. They only have 15 babies a year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A queen honeybee has 500 … a day. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there just aren’t that many blue orchard bees around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some farmers are enlisting them anyway, hoping they can provide some relief to their struggling honeybee cousins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look carefully, you might just spot a blue orchard bee foraging out in a field, helping keep fruits and nuts on our plates.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "You know honeybees make honey, but did you know they make bread too? And four other types of bees are also dedicated chefs! Alfalfa leafcutting bees take a punch from a flower for your ice cream. Blue orchard bees bring you almonds and sweet cherries. Plus, stingless bees protect their tasty honey in creative ways. And bindweed bees’ way of gathering pollen deserves a fashion award.",
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"title": "These 5 Bees Are Waaay More Than Honey and Stingers | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You know honeybees make honey, but did you know they make bread too? And four other types of bees are also dedicated chefs! Alfalfa leafcutting bees take a punch from a flower for your ice cream. Blue orchard bees bring you almonds and sweet cherries. Plus, stingless bees protect their tasty honey in creative ways. And bindweed bees’ way of gathering pollen deserves a fashion award.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are over 20 thousand species of bees on the planet, and each one is full of surprises. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bees prove there’s more to bees than just honey and stingers … \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like, did you know that honeybees turn the pollen they collect into a special food called bee bread?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check it out!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Honeybees Make Honey … and Bread?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>OK, time to head to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before this honeybee starts her commute, she’s prepping her tools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because honeybees collect pollen. You knew that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not as simple as you might think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plants want the bees to carry the pollen away and spread it to other flowers. That’s pollination, how plants reproduce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But bees also need to carry lots of it home – pollen is a protein-packed food for the hive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, they have the right gear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re hairy, like tiny flying teddy bears. She’s covered in 3 million hairs for trapping pollen. They’re even on her eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here on her legs, they’re shaped into spiky brushes and flat combs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she lands on a bloom, she really gets in there. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nibbling on the flower’s anthers detaches the pollen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Time to pack up her haul. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She cleans it off her eyes and antennae with those brushes on her front legs, like windshield wipers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here it is up close. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That leg wipes the pollen right off her eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she moves the pollen from leg to leg, like a conveyor belt – front to middle to back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bee does this super fast, while she flies from bloom to bloom, moving the pollen into special baskets on her back legs called corbiculae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She bends her leg, using it to squish the pollen into a ball, packing it together with a little saliva and nectar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She can get as many as 160,000 pollen grains into each ball. She’s hauling as much as one-third of her weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the hive, meal prep is about to start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the pollen isn’t for making honey. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The honey, under this wax, is made from nectar. They eat it for its sugar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bees turn pollen into something completely different: bee bread. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s their source of protein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Step one: Find an open spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Step two: Deposit your goods and pack them neatly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Step three: Let the pollen “marinate” with a hint of honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And voilà! It’s ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pantry is stocked – both for adult bees and the babies that are growing in the cells next door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The adults pop in to drop off a special bee bread snack … a little home cooking for the hive’s future hardworking flyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next time you enjoy an ice cream cone, thank an alfalfa leafcutting bee. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bees are so tough, they get punched in the face by flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>This Bee Gets Punched by Flowers For Your Ice Cream\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>OK, this bee seems confused. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That leaf she’s gnawing on is no flower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is an alfalfa leafcutting bee. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She needs hunks of leaves to build her nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this is her lacy handiwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She hauls the pieces back home. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leafcutters use them to line the inside of their nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nature, she might use a nook and cranny in a log.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here, her nest is in what’s basically a bee apartment building. A high-rise made of Styrofoam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These markings help the bee find her way back to her personal condo. You know, like, 7B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And furnishing it takes a while, because, see that pile? These are the pieces they dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bees are here to work in this alfalfa field in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re from Europe originally, but farmers here use them because they have a real knack for pollinating alfalfa flowers, which grow tiny seeds inside these curly pods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers use the seeds to plant new fields of alfalfa … which is grown to make hay … to feed these gals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, really, your glass of milk comes courtesy of these bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pollinating alfalfa flowers is a lot trickier than it looks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even honeybees can’t really hack it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alfalfa keeps its pollen locked away inside its flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get it, the bees have to step on a spring-loaded petal called a keel petal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how it works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pop! It releases this column that has the pollen at the end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called “tripping” the flower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here it is again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The column has some force – the bee might get a good thwack in the face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leafcutting bees just don’t care; they can take a punch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pop. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honeybees don’t really like to tangle with that. They’ll usually step around gingerly, trying to sip nectar from the side without setting it off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leafcutting bees get coated in pollen and bring it back home to their nest so they can pack it in there to feed their growing babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each one is bundled in a little leaf-wrapped bassinet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aw, there they are. The siblings all lined up together. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new generation of the toughest little bees around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why would these bees be digging into the dirt? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, building your nest underground is a great way to protect it from invaders. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unless, of course, freeloading flies torpedo the nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>This Fly Torpedoes a Bindweed Bee’s Nest\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Life for bindweed turret bees is violent and unfair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s spring in California, and these male bees are in an all-out brawl, desperate to mate with the female trapped at the bottom of this pile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes the fight is so intense that the female they’re going after gets crushed to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if she survives … she and the winner steal away and mate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until another male wants in. Buzz kill!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now she starts an epic dig, prepping a place to lay her eggs underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tirelessly scoops earth with her mandibles, dousing it with nectar she collected earlier to soften it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of the world’s bee species – 70 percent – nest in the ground. These ones chose a dirt parking lot. Some nice folks cordoned it off to protect the bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Females work side by side. Each is “queen” of her own funky little castle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They build turrets, but only some of them are vertical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many are tunnel-like, with a sideways entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others curve down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ll see why that’s important in a bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the bees are done digging, they head off on another mission. They gather pollen from one plant only: morning glories, also known as bindweeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She rubs her shaggy legs all over that pollen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And down she goes with her haul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pollen pants!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside her nest, she packs the pollen into neat balls – each one in its own chamber – and lays an egg on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the egg hatches into a larva, it will live off the pollen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she toils, freeloaders show up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They look like a bee, but their huge eyes give them away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re called … wait for it … bee flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fly doesn’t dig or gather pollen for her young. She just hovers over a bee’s nest and … yup, she’s dropping her own eggs in there. She’ll drop 200 eggs over her lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where those tunnels and curved turrets are useful. They make it harder for the flies to drop their eggs in from the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the fly does succeed, the fly’s egg hatches into a larva that digs tiny hooks into the bee larva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the bee eats the pollen and grows, the fly larva sucks it dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes the flies are so successful, they can nearly wipe out a population of bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these bees don’t give up. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two or three months of mating, foraging and warding off parasites come to an end when they seal up their nests with dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below ground, babies will grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following spring, if the bees are lucky, a new tiny city will burst to life, full of bees persevering just as their mothers did before them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bees may be famous for their sting, but these stingless bees defend their delicious honey with barricades, bouncers and bites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a look!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Stingless Bees Guard Tasty Honey With Barricades, Bouncers and Bites\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the break of dawn, in Oaxaca, Mexico, bees are tearing down the barrier they built last night to cover their nest entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another successful night protecting their honey and babies from thieving ants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They make this lattice out of a blend of wax and a potent ant repellent. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More on that later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not eating the waxy material – they’re stashing it to reuse tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just like the honeybees that sweeten your tea, these honeymakers live in a colony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they’re smaller and don’t have stingers to protect the sweet stuff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why they’re known as stingless bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are more than 600 species of them in the tropics around the world, mostly in the Americas. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’ve been around twice as long as honeybees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No bee stingers? No bee suits needed!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emilio Pérez is a stingless beekeeper in the highlands of Oaxaca, land inhabited by the Chinantec people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is \u003cem>Melipona beecheii\u003c/em>, one of the four bee species he keeps. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He only raises native bees. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say moving species around can spread diseases that harm them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, how do these teensy bees without stingers protect their honey?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By annoying you. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some tangle in your hair … or eyebrow … and give you a bite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It only feels like a pinprick. But they could summon a whole swarm of their sisters by releasing pheromones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In any case, for these bees, the best offense is a good defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guard bees stand watch at the nest entrance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Melipona beecheii\u003c/em> has just one imposing guard, stationed on this ledge shaped like a flower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other species employ as many as 15 guards. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They cover the perimeter of trumpet-shaped entrances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If an outsider tries to come in – like this bee from another colony – the guards sniff it out and kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These peculiar structures also make great runways, as bees go off to work in the flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not picky. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They collect nectar and pollen from dozens of plants, which they pollinate in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bees also collect resin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the sticky stuff that plants like this cedar make to keep out burrowing insects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See how she stows the drops on her back legs?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Different plants have different hues of resin: yellow … white … red.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They mix the resin with wax to make a pliable building material called cerumen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your average honeybee just uses wax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bees shape cerumen into little capsules for their offspring, and stack them like a tiered cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also use the material to make their honey pots … these orbs. Yum!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a freewheeling architectural style, compared to honeybees’ hexagonal cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, remember this protective barrier? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s made of cerumen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resin mixed in with the wax is what keeps the ants away. They hate the resin’s smell and stickiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a year, Emilio and his daughter Salustia collect honey from their nests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bee colonies are smaller and usually make less honey than honeybees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of their \u003cem>Melipona beecheii\u003c/em> colonies makes about nine pounds a year, just one seventh of what a honeybee hive produces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salustia: We’re having a honey tasting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>Deep Look\u003c/em> team got to sample it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabriela: A strong fermented flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Josh: It tastes like SweeTarts. Yeah. Really good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bee honey is sold as a health product to treat things like sore throats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All honeys contain hydrogen peroxide, which is antimicrobial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stingless bees visit a variety of plants, many in the rainforest. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, scientists are studying their honey and resins for chemicals that might have medicinal properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the sun goes down, bees head in for the night and cover their nest entrance once again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No effort is too great to protect the riches everyone is after.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bees build nests out of mud that they pack with purple pollen for their young. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in the process, they help us grow nuts and fruits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Watch This Bee Build Her Bee-jeweled Nest\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What’s this bee up to digging around in the mud? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This blue orchard bee is a mason, a builder. Her material is – you guessed it – mud. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she works alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, unlike those honeybee hives you might think of, most of the 4,000 types of bees in North America are solitary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See how she scrapes the wet earth? She collects it with two huge pincerlike tools on her face called mandibles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s gathering mud to make her nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nest is long and thin. In nature, she goes into places like hollow twigs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of California, Davis, she uses a six-inch-long paper straw provided by researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this nest without a straw you can see how she builds a wall of mud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she gathers food from spring flowers, but not only to feed herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See the pretty purple pollen on the anther of this flower?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grabs the anthers with her legs and rubs the pollen onto hairs on her abdomen called scopa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while she’s at it, she sips a little nectar from the blooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she climbs back into her nest, she turns the pollen and nectar into a sweet morsel next to the mud wall. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this purple ball she lays a single egg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She repeats this several times in her narrow nest. Egg. Wall. Egg. Wall. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she’s done, she seals it all up with more mud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A cross section of the nest shows her incredible craftsmanship: It looks like a piece of jewelry. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, the eggs hatch. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hungry larvae feed on their pollen provision, the purple lunchbox their mom packed for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still in the safety of the nest, the well-fed larva spins a cocoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following spring, the adult bee chews its way out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just like their name says, blue orchard bees love orchards: fields of almonds and sweet cherries. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re really good at pollinating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few hundred females can pollinate as many almonds as thousands of honeybees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And their tube nest means they’re portable. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it easy to distribute them to farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why haven’t they taken over the fields?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, they reproduce slowly. They only have 15 babies a year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A queen honeybee has 500 … a day. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there just aren’t that many blue orchard bees around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some farmers are enlisting them anyway, hoping they can provide some relief to their struggling honeybee cousins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look carefully, you might just spot a blue orchard bee foraging out in a field, helping keep fruits and nuts on our plates.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Chilling Halloween Forecast: Bay Area Braces for Coldest Week Since May",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gorilla costumes. Fleece-lined tights under a Poison Ivy costume. A yellow overcoat and long black wig mirroring Demi Moore’s character from The Substance. These options might keep ghouls and goblins warm on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/halloween\">Halloween night\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service reports this week will be the Bay Area’s coldest stretch of days since May, with nighttime lows in the 40s in some locations on All Hallows’ Eve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might have to put a jacket over the Spider-Man costume this year,” said Dylan Flynn, a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office. “Some places will see their first 30-something-degree morning since about May.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it might not just be the cold trick-or-treaters will have to contend with. Flynn said a trio of storms will likely bring small amounts of rain across the Bay Area through Sunday as a strong cold front moves over the region from the Gulf of Alaska, dropping temperatures with a polar air mass. That will bring a 40% chance of rain on Halloween evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have some rain from San Jose north through the morning on Halloween,” Flynn said. “The good news is the probability of rain is decreasing through the day. But I can’t say that it will be dry for the trick-or-treaters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To beat the chill while knocking on doors for candy, bar-hopping or celebrating at an outdoor house party, costume designer Hester Michael of \u003ca href=\"http://www.hestersdesigns.com/\">Hester’s Designs\u003c/a> in the San Francisco Excelsior neighborhood cautions people to either pick a costume that’ll “keep you warm” or find a base layer to wear under a strappy fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A gorilla suit might keep you warm,” she said. “I remember my mom having us wear sweaters under our costumes, and it was awful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, she’s created a yellow motorcycle look to mimic Kill Bill, a family of characters from the Hot Dog on a Stick mall stands and a Scream mask with kitten ears. She said on a cold night, people could get chilly even in complete get-ups and recommends “fuzzy lined tights that look like you’re wearing tights, or you can wear thermals as tops, leggings and bodysuits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marty Van Der Vert, who owns the 38-year-old family-operated \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/p/SF-One-Stop-Party-Shop-100057630850422/\">One Stop Party Shop\u003c/a> in San Francisco’s Noe Valley neighborhood, doesn’t think “people are worried about” the cold or rain and will dress up however they want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They could use cloaks or capes to cover up,” she said. “I also have every mask from every movie you’ve ever seen. I’ve got [Michael Myers from] Halloween, but I think I only have some of those guys left. You name it. I have it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next couple of days, Flynn said temperatures will peak in the 50s in most places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s pretty low for a high temperature, and then by the time the trick-or-treaters come out, it’s even going to be cooling off further,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last week, we were about five degrees above normal; this week, we’re going to be about ten degrees below normal,” Flynn said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Bay Area is forecast to have its coldest week since May — and a chance of rain — just in time for Halloween. From gorilla masks to capes, costume shop owners recommend ways to stay warm.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gorilla costumes. Fleece-lined tights under a Poison Ivy costume. A yellow overcoat and long black wig mirroring Demi Moore’s character from The Substance. These options might keep ghouls and goblins warm on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/halloween\">Halloween night\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service reports this week will be the Bay Area’s coldest stretch of days since May, with nighttime lows in the 40s in some locations on All Hallows’ Eve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might have to put a jacket over the Spider-Man costume this year,” said Dylan Flynn, a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office. “Some places will see their first 30-something-degree morning since about May.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it might not just be the cold trick-or-treaters will have to contend with. Flynn said a trio of storms will likely bring small amounts of rain across the Bay Area through Sunday as a strong cold front moves over the region from the Gulf of Alaska, dropping temperatures with a polar air mass. That will bring a 40% chance of rain on Halloween evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have some rain from San Jose north through the morning on Halloween,” Flynn said. “The good news is the probability of rain is decreasing through the day. But I can’t say that it will be dry for the trick-or-treaters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To beat the chill while knocking on doors for candy, bar-hopping or celebrating at an outdoor house party, costume designer Hester Michael of \u003ca href=\"http://www.hestersdesigns.com/\">Hester’s Designs\u003c/a> in the San Francisco Excelsior neighborhood cautions people to either pick a costume that’ll “keep you warm” or find a base layer to wear under a strappy fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A gorilla suit might keep you warm,” she said. “I remember my mom having us wear sweaters under our costumes, and it was awful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, she’s created a yellow motorcycle look to mimic Kill Bill, a family of characters from the Hot Dog on a Stick mall stands and a Scream mask with kitten ears. She said on a cold night, people could get chilly even in complete get-ups and recommends “fuzzy lined tights that look like you’re wearing tights, or you can wear thermals as tops, leggings and bodysuits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marty Van Der Vert, who owns the 38-year-old family-operated \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/p/SF-One-Stop-Party-Shop-100057630850422/\">One Stop Party Shop\u003c/a> in San Francisco’s Noe Valley neighborhood, doesn’t think “people are worried about” the cold or rain and will dress up however they want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They could use cloaks or capes to cover up,” she said. “I also have every mask from every movie you’ve ever seen. I’ve got [Michael Myers from] Halloween, but I think I only have some of those guys left. You name it. I have it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next couple of days, Flynn said temperatures will peak in the 50s in most places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s pretty low for a high temperature, and then by the time the trick-or-treaters come out, it’s even going to be cooling off further,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last week, we were about five degrees above normal; this week, we’re going to be about ten degrees below normal,” Flynn said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "forest-service-halts-prescribed-burns-california-worth-risk",
"title": "Forest Service Halts Prescribed Burns in California. Is It Worth the Risk?",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>[Jan. 10:\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>This story was published in October. KQED followed up with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021125/la-fires-renew-debate-over-prescribed-burns-and-fire-preparedness-in-california\">more reporting on prescribed burns\u003c/a> and why they likely would not have prevented January’s wildfires in Los Angeles\u003c/strong>.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the U.S. Forest Service directed its employees in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> to stop prescribed burning “for the foreseeable future,” a directive that officials said is meant to preserve staff and equipment to fight \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires\">wildfires\u003c/a> if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pause comes amid the crucial fall window for planned, controlled burns, which remove fuel and can protect homes from future wildfires — raising concerns that the move will increase long-term fire risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are two times in the year when it’s safe to do prescribed fire: in the fall right before the rains come, and in the spring when things are dry enough to burn but not dry enough to burn it in a dangerous way,” said Michael Wara, energy and climate expert at Stanford University. He worries half of the prescribed fire season on federal lands will be sacrificed because of this decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a risk aversion here that’s really damaging. The reality is, if there are mistakes on prescribed fires, people are likely to face consequences, even when those mistakes turn out to be positive,” Wara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to the Caples fire, which started as an escaped prescribed burn in 2019 but then \u003ca href=\"https://sierranevada.ca.gov/good-fire-project-protects-caples-watershed-from-caldor-fire/\">protected the community of Kirkwood\u003c/a>, near Tahoe, from the Caldor fire in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the Forest Service is worried about the risk of something bad happening [with a prescribed burn]. And they’re willing to trade that risk — which they will be blamed for — for increased risks on wildfires,” Wara said. In the event of a wildfire, “if something bad happens, they’re much less likely to be blamed because they can point the finger at Mother Nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1977052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1977052\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cut stumps in the forest near South Lake Tahoe show where preventative forest thinning took place before the Caldor Fire burned the area. \u003ccite>(Danielle Venton/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Forest Service spokesperson said that while the agency wanted to return to burning as soon as feasible, too many California-based crews were away fighting wildfires in other parts of the country to safely implement prescribed fire within the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re hoping it’s a very temporary blip here. We just don’t have great climatic conditions right now,” said Adrienne Freeman, Region 5 public information officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s not uncommon, nor especially disruptive, for individual planned burns to be put on pause due to weather conditions or lack of available resources, a blanket prohibition puts the stops on all federal work around the state. For some observers, that’s frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a reminder that year after year, the Forest Service shuts down their prescribed fire program during really good burn windows,” said Lenya Quinn-Davidson, director of the University of California Ag and Natural Resources Fire Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1994867 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/image.png']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, everyone is burning, except for the feds right now. I’m looking around at my fire friends — the state is burning, the tribes are burning, the prescribed burn associations are burning. And we haven’t seen much from the federal agencies burning. And then to get this notice just seems almost laughable in the face of seeing what’s going on in the private sector.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long term, the risks to communities are much worse if we don’t see prescribed fire on the ground, Quinn-Davidson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an example of the effectiveness of prescribed fire in protecting communities, Wara pointed to the burn done by Forest Service crews in the San Bernardino National Forest just five months before \u003ca href=\"https://www.vvdailypress.com/story/news/local/2024/10/20/preventative-efforts-helped-save-angelus-oaks-from-the-line-fire/75766982007/\">the Line Fire\u003c/a>, which threatened the community of Angelus Oaks last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a post on Facebook this week, the Forest Service said that the burn “created a fuel break that helped slow the fire’s intensity.” With the work of fire crews, the Line Fire “never crossed any of the fuel breaks,” the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as last week, it appeared that prescribed burning was forecast to go ahead as normal on federal land. On Oct. 16, the Forest Service Region 5, covering California and Hawaii, posted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r5/news-events/?cid=FSEPRD1210479\">press release\u003c/a> on its website titled “U.S. Forest Service Poised to Start Fall Prescribed Burning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1976585\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1976585\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f.jpg\" alt=\"A firefighter lights a prescribed burn in Humboldt County to reduce the underbrush without killing trees.\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f.jpg 1998w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prescribed burns, like this one in Humboldt County, California, reduce the underbrush without destroying trees. \u003ccite>(Lenya Quinn-Davidson/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We set a record for number of prescribed acres burned last year, and we will continue to lead the way in accomplishing this important work,” Pacific Southwest Region Fire Director Jaime Gamboa said in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, conditions don’t seem to have lined up with what the federal agency was expecting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12010708 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/004_BoulderCreek_BigBasinRedwoods_08172021_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we all expected a little more moisture last week,” Freeman said, noting that, with longer night hours, conditions for safe intentional burns were increasing while conditions for wildfires were decreasing. “We’re going to start to see that change. And everybody’s goal is to get on these [prescribed burn] projects just as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter to employees dated Oct. 22, Deputy Regional Forester Kara Chadwick acknowledged this pause would affect accomplishments for the year but said, “The reality is that our national response capability is facing significant pressure for this time of year. Many of our resources are on emergency response outside the Region. We have a drawdown in resources both within and outside of the Region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Forest Service emphasizes that its staff and equipment are shared nationally when needed. However, some prescribed fire advocates feel that cautious safeguarding means the agency will never be able to escape focusing on suppression in exchange for being proactive on forest resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re backed into a corner, but they’ve backed themselves into a corner,” Quinn-Davidson said. “They’re not leading, and it seems like they’re not capable of leading on prescribed fire, given the nature of politics and how they do business — always choosing short-term risk over long-term vision and strategy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She calls for a rethinking of how prescribed burns can be applied on federal lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Forest Service is consistently not able to do the work, how can we lean on local resources — tribes and prescribed burn associations, for example — to get that work done?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Pausing the beneficial burns to keep crews available for wildfires merely delays and exacerbates fire risk to communities, critics say.",
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"title": "Forest Service Halts Prescribed Burns in California. Is It Worth the Risk? | KQED",
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"headline": "Forest Service Halts Prescribed Burns in California. Is It Worth the Risk?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>[Jan. 10:\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>This story was published in October. KQED followed up with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021125/la-fires-renew-debate-over-prescribed-burns-and-fire-preparedness-in-california\">more reporting on prescribed burns\u003c/a> and why they likely would not have prevented January’s wildfires in Los Angeles\u003c/strong>.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the U.S. Forest Service directed its employees in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> to stop prescribed burning “for the foreseeable future,” a directive that officials said is meant to preserve staff and equipment to fight \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires\">wildfires\u003c/a> if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pause comes amid the crucial fall window for planned, controlled burns, which remove fuel and can protect homes from future wildfires — raising concerns that the move will increase long-term fire risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are two times in the year when it’s safe to do prescribed fire: in the fall right before the rains come, and in the spring when things are dry enough to burn but not dry enough to burn it in a dangerous way,” said Michael Wara, energy and climate expert at Stanford University. He worries half of the prescribed fire season on federal lands will be sacrificed because of this decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a risk aversion here that’s really damaging. The reality is, if there are mistakes on prescribed fires, people are likely to face consequences, even when those mistakes turn out to be positive,” Wara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to the Caples fire, which started as an escaped prescribed burn in 2019 but then \u003ca href=\"https://sierranevada.ca.gov/good-fire-project-protects-caples-watershed-from-caldor-fire/\">protected the community of Kirkwood\u003c/a>, near Tahoe, from the Caldor fire in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the Forest Service is worried about the risk of something bad happening [with a prescribed burn]. And they’re willing to trade that risk — which they will be blamed for — for increased risks on wildfires,” Wara said. In the event of a wildfire, “if something bad happens, they’re much less likely to be blamed because they can point the finger at Mother Nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1977052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1977052\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS51740_IMG_1817-1-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cut stumps in the forest near South Lake Tahoe show where preventative forest thinning took place before the Caldor Fire burned the area. \u003ccite>(Danielle Venton/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Forest Service spokesperson said that while the agency wanted to return to burning as soon as feasible, too many California-based crews were away fighting wildfires in other parts of the country to safely implement prescribed fire within the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re hoping it’s a very temporary blip here. We just don’t have great climatic conditions right now,” said Adrienne Freeman, Region 5 public information officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s not uncommon, nor especially disruptive, for individual planned burns to be put on pause due to weather conditions or lack of available resources, a blanket prohibition puts the stops on all federal work around the state. For some observers, that’s frustrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a reminder that year after year, the Forest Service shuts down their prescribed fire program during really good burn windows,” said Lenya Quinn-Davidson, director of the University of California Ag and Natural Resources Fire Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, everyone is burning, except for the feds right now. I’m looking around at my fire friends — the state is burning, the tribes are burning, the prescribed burn associations are burning. And we haven’t seen much from the federal agencies burning. And then to get this notice just seems almost laughable in the face of seeing what’s going on in the private sector.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long term, the risks to communities are much worse if we don’t see prescribed fire on the ground, Quinn-Davidson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an example of the effectiveness of prescribed fire in protecting communities, Wara pointed to the burn done by Forest Service crews in the San Bernardino National Forest just five months before \u003ca href=\"https://www.vvdailypress.com/story/news/local/2024/10/20/preventative-efforts-helped-save-angelus-oaks-from-the-line-fire/75766982007/\">the Line Fire\u003c/a>, which threatened the community of Angelus Oaks last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a post on Facebook this week, the Forest Service said that the burn “created a fuel break that helped slow the fire’s intensity.” With the work of fire crews, the Line Fire “never crossed any of the fuel breaks,” the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as last week, it appeared that prescribed burning was forecast to go ahead as normal on federal land. On Oct. 16, the Forest Service Region 5, covering California and Hawaii, posted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r5/news-events/?cid=FSEPRD1210479\">press release\u003c/a> on its website titled “U.S. Forest Service Poised to Start Fall Prescribed Burning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1976585\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1976585\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f.jpg\" alt=\"A firefighter lights a prescribed burn in Humboldt County to reduce the underbrush without killing trees.\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f.jpg 1998w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/08/winter-oak-woodland-burning-2b67dc9298069f3e95da35a79dcd1b2aa432876f-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prescribed burns, like this one in Humboldt County, California, reduce the underbrush without destroying trees. \u003ccite>(Lenya Quinn-Davidson/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We set a record for number of prescribed acres burned last year, and we will continue to lead the way in accomplishing this important work,” Pacific Southwest Region Fire Director Jaime Gamboa said in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, conditions don’t seem to have lined up with what the federal agency was expecting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we all expected a little more moisture last week,” Freeman said, noting that, with longer night hours, conditions for safe intentional burns were increasing while conditions for wildfires were decreasing. “We’re going to start to see that change. And everybody’s goal is to get on these [prescribed burn] projects just as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter to employees dated Oct. 22, Deputy Regional Forester Kara Chadwick acknowledged this pause would affect accomplishments for the year but said, “The reality is that our national response capability is facing significant pressure for this time of year. Many of our resources are on emergency response outside the Region. We have a drawdown in resources both within and outside of the Region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Forest Service emphasizes that its staff and equipment are shared nationally when needed. However, some prescribed fire advocates feel that cautious safeguarding means the agency will never be able to escape focusing on suppression in exchange for being proactive on forest resilience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re backed into a corner, but they’ve backed themselves into a corner,” Quinn-Davidson said. “They’re not leading, and it seems like they’re not capable of leading on prescribed fire, given the nature of politics and how they do business — always choosing short-term risk over long-term vision and strategy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She calls for a rethinking of how prescribed burns can be applied on federal lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Forest Service is consistently not able to do the work, how can we lean on local resources — tribes and prescribed burn associations, for example — to get that work done?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s twin crises of rampant wildfire and hard-to-get, unaffordable home insurance have collided in rural Butte County. Here, the fire-prone landscape has seen several record-breaking fires, including the 2020 North Complex, the million-acre 2021 Dixie Fire and the 2018 Camp Fire that took 85 lives and destroyed the town of Paradise. For those who live on the remaining unburned forested ridges of Butte County, full insurance can easily run over $10,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last season of KQED’s podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/a>, we \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1985175/insurance-in-california-is-changing-heres-how-it-may-affect-you\">examined the causes of California’s insurance crisis\u003c/a> and looked forward to what it might mean for homeowners. Now, a year later, as insurance has become more expensive and less available, we follow what happens when a fire moves through a community where many people and their homes aren’t covered.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC3534580718&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, the Park Fire touched off in Bidwell Park in Chico after a man rolled a burning car into a forested gully. The flames quickly raced across the landscape, moving uphill toward the unincorporated communities of Cohasset and Forest Ranch. Cohasset was especially hard hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rachel Traficante came to this community 25 years ago and made a life under the trees. She and her husband Mark spent the last few decades perfecting a three-story barn that housed horses on the ground floor and beautiful living apartments on the second and third floors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994871\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994871\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A charred vehicle sits along Cohasset Road in Cohasset, outside of Chico, on July 26, 2024, after the Park Fire swept through the area the evening before. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was really sweet because, after 20 years, this barn that was always evolving was finally done,” Traficante said. “Then we just lost all of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Park Fire tore through her property, and the barn is now flattened, charred rubble. She didn’t have insurance for it, so there’s no ready payout available to help rebuild. She’s finding you need a lot of money right after a fire and is relying on a GoFundMe started by her dad.[aside postID=science_1985175 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2023/11/GettyImages-1177682057-qut.jpg']“We need the generator, we need the travel trailer. I gotta go buy hay because my $1,200 stack just got incinerated to the ground,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her home was paid off, so insurance wasn’t required by a bank or lender. She’s far from alone. A report this year from the Consumer Federation of America estimated that 1 in 13 homeowners in the U.S. do not have coverage. Homeowners who make under $50,000 a year are twice as likely to be uninsured. The prevalence of noninsurance in Cohasset may be much more severe than nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, how do you recover from a fire when insurance is not an option? We look at Rachel’s story as she works with her husband, Mark, to get their lives back in order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s twin crises of rampant wildfire and hard-to-get, unaffordable home insurance have collided in rural Butte County. Here, the fire-prone landscape has seen several record-breaking fires, including the 2020 North Complex, the million-acre 2021 Dixie Fire and the 2018 Camp Fire that took 85 lives and destroyed the town of Paradise. For those who live on the remaining unburned forested ridges of Butte County, full insurance can easily run over $10,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last season of KQED’s podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/a>, we \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1985175/insurance-in-california-is-changing-heres-how-it-may-affect-you\">examined the causes of California’s insurance crisis\u003c/a> and looked forward to what it might mean for homeowners. Now, a year later, as insurance has become more expensive and less available, we follow what happens when a fire moves through a community where many people and their homes aren’t covered.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC3534580718&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, the Park Fire touched off in Bidwell Park in Chico after a man rolled a burning car into a forested gully. The flames quickly raced across the landscape, moving uphill toward the unincorporated communities of Cohasset and Forest Ranch. Cohasset was especially hard hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rachel Traficante came to this community 25 years ago and made a life under the trees. She and her husband Mark spent the last few decades perfecting a three-story barn that housed horses on the ground floor and beautiful living apartments on the second and third floors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994871\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994871\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240726-ParkFire-100-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A charred vehicle sits along Cohasset Road in Cohasset, outside of Chico, on July 26, 2024, after the Park Fire swept through the area the evening before. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was really sweet because, after 20 years, this barn that was always evolving was finally done,” Traficante said. “Then we just lost all of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Park Fire tore through her property, and the barn is now flattened, charred rubble. She didn’t have insurance for it, so there’s no ready payout available to help rebuild. She’s finding you need a lot of money right after a fire and is relying on a GoFundMe started by her dad.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We need the generator, we need the travel trailer. I gotta go buy hay because my $1,200 stack just got incinerated to the ground,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her home was paid off, so insurance wasn’t required by a bank or lender. She’s far from alone. A report this year from the Consumer Federation of America estimated that 1 in 13 homeowners in the U.S. do not have coverage. Homeowners who make under $50,000 a year are twice as likely to be uninsured. The prevalence of noninsurance in Cohasset may be much more severe than nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, how do you recover from a fire when insurance is not an option? We look at Rachel’s story as she works with her husband, Mark, to get their lives back in order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "east-bay-churches-are-transforming-into-climate-resilience-hubs",
"title": "How Bay Area Churches Are Seeding a Community-Driven Climate Solution",
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"content": "\u003cp>Cheri Whitehead knows about environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grew up as one of the many kids in West Oakland with asthma, in a neighborhood where diesel trucks spewed pollution as they paraded down her street to access the port. “You don’t realize how much dirt and grunge from the trucks just comes in,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when neighborhood adults rallied for the trucks to change their route, even slightly, she was awed by the cleaner air and how she could breathe better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Whitehead talks about composting at the Berkeley church, where she’s a member. She helps plant the garden. Her Christian faith charges her with taking care of the natural world around her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t call her an environmentalist. “I consider myself a steward, and I stay in that lane,” Whitehead said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whitehead represents a growing number of congregants in Black churches who are embracing environmental justice and taking climate action. Among other things, the churchgoers are transforming their houses of worship into “resilience hubs,” which are powered by solar panels and will be able to maintain power if there are blackouts thanks to backup batteries. They are places that can shelter the larger community on a day that’s excessively hot, cold or smoky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the kind of solution that can be a win-win-win. It starts in the community and addresses immediate needs, builds neighborhood resilience in the face of extreme weather, and cuts down on planet-warming pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1993748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1993748\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allen Temple Baptist Church in Oakland on July 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Greening the Black church\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Whitehead was recently drawn to an event at Beth Eden Baptist Church in West Oakland, where dozens gathered in the bright sanctuary to learn about environmental justice and faith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A clean air advocate, Margaret Gordon, spoke about the importance of clergy preaching about these issues from the pulpit, telling their community that they have a right to healthy environments and diseases that unequally burden communities of color. “You have a right for your child to not have asthma. You have a right not to have lung cancer,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event was convened by \u003ca href=\"https://www.greenthechurch.org/\">Green The Church\u003c/a>, an organization merging the Black faith community and environmental justice. It was founded by Rev. Ambrose Carroll 14 years ago when he saw how hard it was to get Black religious leaders into the larger conversation about faith and the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people are talking about saving the polar bears, that’s good. But we want to know that you care about our Cousin Pookie, not just the polar bear,” he said. “So there’s always been that estrangement. We felt that the Black church had to have its own table with its own language to talk about these issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1993744\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1993744\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allen Temple Baptist Church in Oakland on July 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We don’t always consider ourselves environmentalists, but we consider ourselves revivalist. We believe anything old or decrepit can be made brand new again,” Carroll said, including neighborhoods like East and West Oakland, which have been home to polluting industries for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of talking about “environmentalism,” Carroll and colleagues use words with greater meaning in the Black community and in scripture: revival, renewal, restoration, reparations and stewardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green The Church is active in California, Georgia, Louisiana, Florida, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and Washington, D.C. The group has worked with roughly 3000 churches in some form or other through the years, from introducing recycling or composting to environmental justice organizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Seeding solar\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>An impressive array of solar panels blanket Allen Temple Baptist Church’s gym roof in East Oakland. Two years ago, the board of trustees green-lit a project to cover the flat roof with 240 panels. They installed large, humming backup batteries a few yards away. The project was fully funded through a grant from Tesla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a typical day, the panels power the church’s classrooms, industrial kitchen, offices, and gym. Excess energy is stored in batteries, which kick in to power the building when the sun goes down. Church trustees estimate they save $20,000 in utility bills annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when there is extreme weather or a power outage, Allen Temple opens their doors for anyone in the community to come in and relax, to charge their cell phones, and to plug in medical equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1993745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1993745\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The batteries at Allen Temple Baptist Church in Oakland on July 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen Temple’s solar panels, while invisible from below, have had an effect beyond their building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project “made us a model for other churches who were hesitating to pull the trigger or even enter this field,” said Rev. \u003ca href=\"https://www.allen-temple.org/pastoral-team/263-rev-jacqueline-a-thompson\">Jacqueline Thompson\u003c/a>, senior pastor of Allen Temple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But when they saw us navigate into the work, we were able to partner with a lot of folks,” Thompson said. “There are a number of ministries who just needed someone to take the first step that they could trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar atop prominent nonresidential buildings like churches and schools can “seed” the idea for nearby residents to follow suit, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-energy-policy/articles/10.3389/fsuep.2023.1203517/full\">research\u003c/a> from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. For every church-based solar installation, the paper found, roughly four more installations would pop up on homes each year as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People have this idea about solar,” said Eric O’Shaughnessy, a research affiliate at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and lead author on the paper. “It’s like one day I wake up and just realize today is the day I’m going to adopt rooftop solar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The research suggests that it’s not. It’s primarily an external motivation that prompts people to adopt. And a point that I often make is if you don’t have that external motivation, you probably are not going to adopt solar,” he said. Enter the church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Houses of worship make up \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/ZhPfCpYzGliOpKYWCPf7CGV7pK?domain=eia.gov\">about 3%\u003c/a> of commercial building energy use in the U.S. Beyond seeding solar, they can also demonstrate other energy upgrades like building weatherization and installing heat pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1993742\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1993742\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The solar panels installed on the roof of the Allen Temple Baptist Church’s Family Life Center building in Oakland on Aug. 24, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Allen Temple Baptist Church)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>2000 resilience hubs\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The federal government earmarked billions of dollars in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act for disadvantaged communities. Carroll said this creates an opportunity for Green The Church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His goal is to transform 2000 churches into resilience hubs nationally within the next few years — with solar panels, backup batteries, and even EV charging. That’s a step beyond Allen Temple’s current setup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"science_1993091,science_1991404,science_1985611\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His organization received money from various sources, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/buildings-upgrade-prize-buildings\">Department of Energy\u003c/a>, private companies and local electricity providers, to upgrade Black churches. Expanded \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/cleanenergy/directpay/\">tax credits\u003c/a> through the Inflation Reduction Act, the nation’s major climate legislation passed in 2022, have also incentivized houses of worship to get solar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond solar panels and batteries, Carroll helped churches swap out inefficient, natural gas HVAC systems for heat pumps, which run on electricity. He facilitated projects to install electric vehicle chargers in underutilized parking spaces, both for community members and as a tool for churches to generate income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black folk just don’t own a lot of buildings,” he said. “We don’t own the soul food restaurant or the funeral home. So when it comes to what we can actually produce and where we have our faith buildings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we talk about billions of dollars that have to come to East 14th [in Oakland], how are they going to spend that money in the community and with the community if it’s not in the places that the community owns?” Carroll said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carroll plans to attend a ribbon cutting for one of the first full resilience hubs in Hayward in November at the Glad Tidings International Church. He has 28 other churches he’s working with in the Bay Area alone that are hoping to follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That will be good for cutting emissions and utility bills. Ultimately, though, Carroll said Black churches can elevate restoring the planet as a social issue, much like they did for civil rights in the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The planet is our responsibility, and we will come out with the same vigor and vitality that we did in the ’60s on this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Reverend Ambrose Carroll has a vision: to bring sustainability and environmentalism to Black churches, both to revitalize our natural world, and create economic opportunities.",
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"title": "How Bay Area Churches Are Seeding a Community-Driven Climate Solution | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Cheri Whitehead knows about environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grew up as one of the many kids in West Oakland with asthma, in a neighborhood where diesel trucks spewed pollution as they paraded down her street to access the port. “You don’t realize how much dirt and grunge from the trucks just comes in,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when neighborhood adults rallied for the trucks to change their route, even slightly, she was awed by the cleaner air and how she could breathe better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Whitehead talks about composting at the Berkeley church, where she’s a member. She helps plant the garden. Her Christian faith charges her with taking care of the natural world around her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t call her an environmentalist. “I consider myself a steward, and I stay in that lane,” Whitehead said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whitehead represents a growing number of congregants in Black churches who are embracing environmental justice and taking climate action. Among other things, the churchgoers are transforming their houses of worship into “resilience hubs,” which are powered by solar panels and will be able to maintain power if there are blackouts thanks to backup batteries. They are places that can shelter the larger community on a day that’s excessively hot, cold or smoky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the kind of solution that can be a win-win-win. It starts in the community and addresses immediate needs, builds neighborhood resilience in the face of extreme weather, and cuts down on planet-warming pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1993748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1993748\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-12-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allen Temple Baptist Church in Oakland on July 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Greening the Black church\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Whitehead was recently drawn to an event at Beth Eden Baptist Church in West Oakland, where dozens gathered in the bright sanctuary to learn about environmental justice and faith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A clean air advocate, Margaret Gordon, spoke about the importance of clergy preaching about these issues from the pulpit, telling their community that they have a right to healthy environments and diseases that unequally burden communities of color. “You have a right for your child to not have asthma. You have a right not to have lung cancer,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event was convened by \u003ca href=\"https://www.greenthechurch.org/\">Green The Church\u003c/a>, an organization merging the Black faith community and environmental justice. It was founded by Rev. Ambrose Carroll 14 years ago when he saw how hard it was to get Black religious leaders into the larger conversation about faith and the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people are talking about saving the polar bears, that’s good. But we want to know that you care about our Cousin Pookie, not just the polar bear,” he said. “So there’s always been that estrangement. We felt that the Black church had to have its own table with its own language to talk about these issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1993744\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1993744\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-06-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allen Temple Baptist Church in Oakland on July 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We don’t always consider ourselves environmentalists, but we consider ourselves revivalist. We believe anything old or decrepit can be made brand new again,” Carroll said, including neighborhoods like East and West Oakland, which have been home to polluting industries for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of talking about “environmentalism,” Carroll and colleagues use words with greater meaning in the Black community and in scripture: revival, renewal, restoration, reparations and stewardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green The Church is active in California, Georgia, Louisiana, Florida, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and Washington, D.C. The group has worked with roughly 3000 churches in some form or other through the years, from introducing recycling or composting to environmental justice organizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Seeding solar\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>An impressive array of solar panels blanket Allen Temple Baptist Church’s gym roof in East Oakland. Two years ago, the board of trustees green-lit a project to cover the flat roof with 240 panels. They installed large, humming backup batteries a few yards away. The project was fully funded through a grant from Tesla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a typical day, the panels power the church’s classrooms, industrial kitchen, offices, and gym. Excess energy is stored in batteries, which kick in to power the building when the sun goes down. Church trustees estimate they save $20,000 in utility bills annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when there is extreme weather or a power outage, Allen Temple opens their doors for anyone in the community to come in and relax, to charge their cell phones, and to plug in medical equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1993745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1993745\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-MD-08-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The batteries at Allen Temple Baptist Church in Oakland on July 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Allen Temple’s solar panels, while invisible from below, have had an effect beyond their building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project “made us a model for other churches who were hesitating to pull the trigger or even enter this field,” said Rev. \u003ca href=\"https://www.allen-temple.org/pastoral-team/263-rev-jacqueline-a-thompson\">Jacqueline Thompson\u003c/a>, senior pastor of Allen Temple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But when they saw us navigate into the work, we were able to partner with a lot of folks,” Thompson said. “There are a number of ministries who just needed someone to take the first step that they could trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar atop prominent nonresidential buildings like churches and schools can “seed” the idea for nearby residents to follow suit, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-energy-policy/articles/10.3389/fsuep.2023.1203517/full\">research\u003c/a> from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. For every church-based solar installation, the paper found, roughly four more installations would pop up on homes each year as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People have this idea about solar,” said Eric O’Shaughnessy, a research affiliate at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and lead author on the paper. “It’s like one day I wake up and just realize today is the day I’m going to adopt rooftop solar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The research suggests that it’s not. It’s primarily an external motivation that prompts people to adopt. And a point that I often make is if you don’t have that external motivation, you probably are not going to adopt solar,” he said. Enter the church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Houses of worship make up \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/ZhPfCpYzGliOpKYWCPf7CGV7pK?domain=eia.gov\">about 3%\u003c/a> of commercial building energy use in the U.S. Beyond seeding solar, they can also demonstrate other energy upgrades like building weatherization and installing heat pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1993742\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1993742\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/240729-GREEN-THE-CHURCH-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The solar panels installed on the roof of the Allen Temple Baptist Church’s Family Life Center building in Oakland on Aug. 24, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Allen Temple Baptist Church)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>2000 resilience hubs\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The federal government earmarked billions of dollars in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act for disadvantaged communities. Carroll said this creates an opportunity for Green The Church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His goal is to transform 2000 churches into resilience hubs nationally within the next few years — with solar panels, backup batteries, and even EV charging. That’s a step beyond Allen Temple’s current setup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His organization received money from various sources, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/buildings-upgrade-prize-buildings\">Department of Energy\u003c/a>, private companies and local electricity providers, to upgrade Black churches. Expanded \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/cleanenergy/directpay/\">tax credits\u003c/a> through the Inflation Reduction Act, the nation’s major climate legislation passed in 2022, have also incentivized houses of worship to get solar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond solar panels and batteries, Carroll helped churches swap out inefficient, natural gas HVAC systems for heat pumps, which run on electricity. He facilitated projects to install electric vehicle chargers in underutilized parking spaces, both for community members and as a tool for churches to generate income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black folk just don’t own a lot of buildings,” he said. “We don’t own the soul food restaurant or the funeral home. So when it comes to what we can actually produce and where we have our faith buildings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we talk about billions of dollars that have to come to East 14th [in Oakland], how are they going to spend that money in the community and with the community if it’s not in the places that the community owns?” Carroll said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carroll plans to attend a ribbon cutting for one of the first full resilience hubs in Hayward in November at the Glad Tidings International Church. He has 28 other churches he’s working with in the Bay Area alone that are hoping to follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That will be good for cutting emissions and utility bills. Ultimately, though, Carroll said Black churches can elevate restoring the planet as a social issue, much like they did for civil rights in the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The planet is our responsibility, and we will come out with the same vigor and vitality that we did in the ’60s on this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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