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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/04/tiger.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Most people don’t know that the animals we are eating from the ocean are vastly different from the animals we eat on land.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have been working lately with \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/science/heroes/jmccosker/\">John McCosker, Chair of Aquatic Biology\u003c/a> department at the Academy, in preparation for his talk – \u003cem>Sharks: Why We Need, Fear and Love Them\u003c/em> at the next NightLife on April 29th. It is in collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/the-great-white-shark-meet-the-man-in-the-gray-suit\">Great White Shark episode\u003c/a> QUEST has produced featuring John McCosker in his research with Great White Sharks. It also goes into why these animals are now threatened. There was a portion of the video that showed sharks being hauled up onto a boat only to have their fins cut off and then the injured animal being thrown overboard to sink to the bottom of the ocean. Shark Fin Soup being is demand is influencing this practice. I physically cringed at the cruelty and mentally noted, “Okay, that’s another species I vow to never eat.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My list thus far of animals from the ocean I will never eat:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Octopus\u003cbr>\nSquid\u003cbr>\nGiant Sea Bass\u003cbr>\nAnd recently added Shark\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first three animals I have come to be more closely acquainted with while volunteering in the Steinhart Aquarium on Tuesday mornings. I regularly help with the Tidepool, Octopus and Giant Sea Bass tanks and have grown quite fond of them and their inhabitants. On my last morning volunteering, I was given the opportunity to give the small Octopus in the tidepool a sardine-on-a-stick. Seeing a tentacle tentatively reach out and then deftly take the sardine and then try to take the whole stick definitely made an impression. As well, every Tuesday, I spend time preparing squid in the Aquarium prep kitchen for the black tip reef shark’s lunch given later in the day. That duty has made me grow much less fond of squid. I’m not the only one who has worked in the Aquarium who has a list. John McCosker suggested sushi for dinner as long as the apex predators were not on the menu. Moreover, many biologists have told me that their seafood consumption has drastically decreased with the increasing knowledge they have gained working in the Steinhart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people don’t know that the animals we are eating from the ocean are vastly different from the animals we eat on land. Bluefin Tuna, Sharks, Octopus, and Squid are predators. We eat chicken, cows, ducks and pigs on land, which are herbivores and omnivores. Eating a shark or tuna is analogous to eating a tiger. We wouldn’t eat a tiger, but the demand for seafood is threatening top predators in the ocean. In the example of sharks, John McCosker notes, “It's tragic for sharks, and tragic for the ecosystem…Sharks are top-level predators for the ocean ecosystem. And the oceans are collapsing. When the sharks go, there are no controls.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does he mean by no controls? An ecosystem is a tiered system. Predators ensure that no one animal population explodes. If a hunted population does explode it will then eat food lower in the food chain without check and cause animal and plant populations to crash. With fewer Great White Sharks in the ocean, Sea Lion populations have already adversely affected the Salmon population off the coast of Northern California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/seafoodwatch.aspx\">The Seafood Guide\u003c/a> put out by Monterey Aquarium is a great way to become educated about what seafood is sustainable and which ones when eaten without check lead to imbalance in the Ocean’s ecosystem. I have downloaded the application onto my phone and check it when I go out for sushi or seafood. I have angered many a waitress with that application! Yet, I wouldn’t eat a tiger and want to give the mighty predators of the ocean the same respect. I have a feeling that means my list is going to big bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7699 -122.467174\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people don’t know that the animals we are eating from the ocean are vastly different from the animals we eat on land. Bluefin Tuna, Sharks, Octopus, and Squid are predators. We eat chicken, cows, ducks and pigs on land, which are herbivores and omnivores. Eating a shark or tuna is analogous to eating a tiger. We wouldn’t eat a tiger, but the demand for seafood is threatening top predators in the ocean. In the example of sharks, John McCosker notes, “It's tragic for sharks, and tragic for the ecosystem…Sharks are top-level predators for the ocean ecosystem. And the oceans are collapsing. When the sharks go, there are no controls.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does he mean by no controls? An ecosystem is a tiered system. Predators ensure that no one animal population explodes. If a hunted population does explode it will then eat food lower in the food chain without check and cause animal and plant populations to crash. With fewer Great White Sharks in the ocean, Sea Lion populations have already adversely affected the Salmon population off the coast of Northern California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/seafoodwatch.aspx\">The Seafood Guide\u003c/a> put out by Monterey Aquarium is a great way to become educated about what seafood is sustainable and which ones when eaten without check lead to imbalance in the Ocean’s ecosystem. I have downloaded the application onto my phone and check it when I go out for sushi or seafood. I have angered many a waitress with that application! Yet, I wouldn’t eat a tiger and want to give the mighty predators of the ocean the same respect. I have a feeling that means my list is going to big bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7699 -122.467174\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/genetics/ask.php?id=354\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/04/Alien.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/genetics/ask.php?id=354\">Trying to use DNA to prove the Starchild is half alien.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s say you found a bone and you thought it came from an alien. How could you possibly prove such a thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn’t something I had given, well, any thought to before but I recently got some questions at \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/genetics\">Ask a Geneticist\u003c/a> about this sort of thing. Which got me to thinking about what it would take to convince me that a bone came from Outer Space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I guess if you found an intact skeleton that was wildly different from anything on Earth I’d have to take the idea that it came from an alien life form seriously. If you found a skeleton of one of the aliens from Independence Day, for example, that would have to give me pause. (And odds are that aliens would be way weirder than this.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another possibility is if you found a bone in some layer where it shouldn’t be. For example, if you found some complicated skeleton in a Pre-Cambrian layer and if you could rule out the many possible trivial explanations, then I might have to believe the skeleton came from elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one thing you almost certainly could not do in these cases is any sort of DNA study. DNA has proven to be a wonderful molecule on which to base life here on Earth but there’s no reason to think that an alien life form \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/3113_origins.html\">would need it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, if we found alien life that was based on DNA, then that might lend some support for some sort of \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panspermia\">panspermia \u003c/a>model for life on Earth. In other words, life started elsewhere and was seeded here on Earth (and possibly lots of other places too).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What you need for life is something that can make copies of itself almost perfectly*, is stable, and can carry a message. There are probably many different chemicals that fit this bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, without knowing something about this alternative genetic material, we probably could not make any sense of it even if it was hiding in some alien bone. Maybe we’d find some sort of chemical that was similar to DNA in that it had lots of repeating units. But we wouldn’t be able to read it. And we’d be hard pressed to figure out how it works without something living to put it into.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, this assumes that whatever molecule stores the alien’s information is stable enough to be found. If the bone was very old, the molecule would have to be much more stable than DNA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have gotten very good of late at reading the DNA of long dead creatures. They’ve even managed to piece together all of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eva.mpg.de/neandertal/\">DNA of a Neanderthal\u003c/a> who lived tens of thousands of years ago. But they can do this because they know how DNA works and can exploit that knowledge to make lots of DNA from the scraps left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without knowing how the alien storage molecule works, we couldn’t make more of it. Which means there needs to be a whole lot there for us to even get started on understanding it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What all of this comes down to is that in most cases it would be impossible to use any sort of genetic analysis to prove something was of alien origin. Except for a few rare cases, you’d need to rely on where the bone was found or what the intact skeleton looked like or if it was clutching some bit of advanced technology. The best proof would probably be meeting one in person…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>*The almost is key here. You need for there to be some error rate so that evolution and natural selection can happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7749295 -122.4194155\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/genetics/ask.php?id=354\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/04/Alien.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/genetics/ask.php?id=354\">Trying to use DNA to prove the Starchild is half alien.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s say you found a bone and you thought it came from an alien. How could you possibly prove such a thing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn’t something I had given, well, any thought to before but I recently got some questions at \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/genetics\">Ask a Geneticist\u003c/a> about this sort of thing. Which got me to thinking about what it would take to convince me that a bone came from Outer Space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I guess if you found an intact skeleton that was wildly different from anything on Earth I’d have to take the idea that it came from an alien life form seriously. If you found a skeleton of one of the aliens from Independence Day, for example, that would have to give me pause. (And odds are that aliens would be way weirder than this.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another possibility is if you found a bone in some layer where it shouldn’t be. For example, if you found some complicated skeleton in a Pre-Cambrian layer and if you could rule out the many possible trivial explanations, then I might have to believe the skeleton came from elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one thing you almost certainly could not do in these cases is any sort of DNA study. DNA has proven to be a wonderful molecule on which to base life here on Earth but there’s no reason to think that an alien life form \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/3113_origins.html\">would need it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, if we found alien life that was based on DNA, then that might lend some support for some sort of \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panspermia\">panspermia \u003c/a>model for life on Earth. In other words, life started elsewhere and was seeded here on Earth (and possibly lots of other places too).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What you need for life is something that can make copies of itself almost perfectly*, is stable, and can carry a message. There are probably many different chemicals that fit this bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, without knowing something about this alternative genetic material, we probably could not make any sense of it even if it was hiding in some alien bone. Maybe we’d find some sort of chemical that was similar to DNA in that it had lots of repeating units. But we wouldn’t be able to read it. And we’d be hard pressed to figure out how it works without something living to put it into.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, this assumes that whatever molecule stores the alien’s information is stable enough to be found. If the bone was very old, the molecule would have to be much more stable than DNA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have gotten very good of late at reading the DNA of long dead creatures. They’ve even managed to piece together all of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eva.mpg.de/neandertal/\">DNA of a Neanderthal\u003c/a> who lived tens of thousands of years ago. But they can do this because they know how DNA works and can exploit that knowledge to make lots of DNA from the scraps left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without knowing how the alien storage molecule works, we couldn’t make more of it. Which means there needs to be a whole lot there for us to even get started on understanding it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What all of this comes down to is that in most cases it would be impossible to use any sort of genetic analysis to prove something was of alien origin. Except for a few rare cases, you’d need to rely on where the bone was found or what the intact skeleton looked like or if it was clutching some bit of advanced technology. The best proof would probably be meeting one in person…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>*The almost is key here. You need for there to be some error rate so that evolution and natural selection can happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7749295 -122.4194155\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"perspectives": {
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
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