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"bio": "\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena Sook Kim is a former senior editor of the weekend desk at KQED. Before taking on that post, she was the Senior Editor of the Silicon Valley Desk and was the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">host of The California Report. The daily morning show airs on KQED in San Francisco, one of the nation’s largest NPR affiliates, and on 30 stations across the state. In that role, she produces and reports on news, politics and life in the Golden State. Queena likes to take sideways look at the larger trends changing the state. One of her favorite stories asked\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/02/15/why-the-heck-do-mexican-reporters-on-public-radio-say-their-names-that-way\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">why Latino journalists “over’pronounce” their Spanish surnames\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as a way of looking at how immigration is creating a culture shift in California.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before joining The California Report, Queena was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.marketplace.org/people/queena-kim\">Senior Reporter covering technology for Marketplace\u003c/a>, the daily business show that airs on public radio. Queena covered daily tech business stories and reported on larger technology trends. She did a series of stories looking at role of social engineering in hacking and on a start-up in Silicon Valley that’s trying to use technology, instead of animals, to make meat that bleeds.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena started her career as a business journalist at the Wall Street Journal, where she spent four years covering the paper, home building and toy industries. She wrote A1 stories about the unusually aggressive tactics KB Home took against its home buyers. and the resurgence of “Cracker” architecture in Florida. She also wrote section front stories on marketing trends and\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a journalist, Queena has spent much of her career helping start-up editorial products. She was on the founding editorial team of The Bay Citizen, an experimental, online news site in San Francisco that was funded by the late hillbilly billionaire Warren Hellman. In 2009, Queena received a grant from the Corporation of Public Broadcasting to start-up a podcast called \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/cyberfrequencies\">CyberFrequencies\u003c/a>, which reported on the culture of technology. She also helped start-up two radio shows - Off-Ramp and Pacific Drift - for KPCC, the NPR-affiliate in Los Angeles. Off-Ramp was awarded 1st Place for news and Public Affairs programming by the PRINDI and the L.A. Press club. \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/queena-sook-kim\">Queena’s stories have appeared \u003c/a>on NPR’s Day to Day, Hearing Voices, WNYC’s Studio 360, WBUR’s Here and Now, BBC’s Global Perspectives and New York Times’ multimedia page.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1994, Queena won a Fulbright Grant to teach and study in Seoul, South Korea. She was also selected to be a Teach For America Corps Member in 1991 and taught elementary school in the Inglewood Unified School District in Southern California.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena is a frequent public speaker and has given talks at UC Berkeley, Stanford University, San Francisco State University, PRINDI conference and the Craigslist Foundation Boot Camp. Queena went to UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism and graduated cum laude from New York University with a B.A. in Politics. She grew up in Southern California and lives in Berkeley, Ca in a big fixer on which she spends most weekends, well, fixing.\u003c/span>",
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"disqusTitle": "The Faceless Boss: A Look Into the Uber Driver Workplace",
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"content": "\u003cp>You probably never want to hear you've been fired. If you've heard those words, you know they feel like a punch in the gut. Now, imagine that instead of your boss telling you face to face, you get the news from a pop-up alert on your smartphone. That's how it works at Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Huestis didn't realize that, until it happened to him. At first, there was nothing unusual about that day in April. He took his Chrysler 300 to a Burlington, Vermont, car wash. He bought the used car specifically to drive for Uber. After the car wash, he slid into the front seat and tried to open his Uber app. Nothing. He'd been \"deactivated,\" as Uber calls it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has created one of the fastest-growing workforces in American history. And to recruit drivers, company leaders are fond of saying you can \"Be Your Own Boss.\" But through dozens of interviews and an informal survey, NPR found that hundreds of drivers feel the company is not living up to that promise. They say the San Francisco-based startup sets strict rules and punishments, just as other bosses do, but it's eerily distant. Even in dire situations — like when you've been axed — it's impossible to reach a human in charge. This facelessness is decidedly unlike other workplaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In interviews with NPR, Uber officials acknowledge that the company has to improve its communication with drivers and that in the initial years of growth, it was not a top priority. Now, they say, that's going to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/531642304/532100148\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Huestis found himself locked out, he wasn't sure if it was just a software glitch. He recalls the app alert told him to \"please contact customer support.\" It's counterintuitive, but again in Uber-speak, the driver is the \"customer.\" Drivers rely on the company's service — the now iconic black app — to match them with riders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huestis hit the button on the Uber app, which directed him to a form (not a person). Moments after hitting \"submit,\" he got a message from a company Uber uses to do criminal background checks. Checkr, another Silicon Valley startup, told him he had a marijuana record that needed to be reviewed before he could drive again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The timing threw Huestis off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 42-year-old, who lives with his girlfriend and her child, indeed \u003cem>had\u003c/em> a record for three marijuana possessions — spanning from 1993 to 2010. He says when he started driving for Uber in early 2016, he passed the background check. The only thing that has changed since is that on New Year's Day, Jan. 1, 2017, Huestis \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.state.vt.us/media/821533/shumlin_pardons.pdf\">was pardoned\u003c/a> by the governor of Vermont, clearing his record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It wasn't a DWI. It wasn't a felony. It wasn't a rape charge. It wasn't a kidnapping,\" Huestis says. \"It was nothing violent or anything that would stop me from being a Uber driver. So I was like, 'Why is this happening?'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508376\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11508376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-800x800.jpe\" alt=\"Eric Huestis was blocked from driving for Uber in Burlington, Vt., after he received a governor's pardon for past marijuana possession convictions. Uber later restored Huestis.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2.jpe 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-160x160.jpe 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-240x240.jpe 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-375x375.jpe 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-520x520.jpe 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-32x32.jpe 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-50x50.jpe 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-64x64.jpe 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-96x96.jpe 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-128x128.jpe 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-150x150.jpe 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eric Huestis was blocked from driving for Uber in Burlington, Vermont, after he received a governor's pardon for past marijuana possession convictions. Uber later restored Huestis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Eric Huestis)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huestis felt like he was invested in Uber — he even runs a Facebook page for local Uber drivers to bond — but the company isn't invested in him. Uber is among the largest private companies on earth and is currently valued at about $70 billion. But it didn't even have a number for him to call. Uber doesn't offer that kind of customer support. Huestis did manage to contact state officials, he says, but they didn't have a way to call Uber either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Huestis found himself trapped in a maze of online forms and generic emails. At first, the notifications told him it would take 15 days to review his case; then, 30 days. If that doesn't sound like a big deal, he puts it in perspective: \"What if you got booted off your cellphone provider? That [would] change everything. I mean, I got booted off my income provider, for no reason.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience of this Uber driver may be a window into the future of work. For years, workers have enjoyed the way technology creates distance from the boss. You can join meetings from home, or from Hawaii. But with Uber, we are coming to a strange inflection point. The company has designed an app that is so efficient, cheap and scalable that it manages 600,000 drivers in the U.S. Yet there's an underside to distance. It can create a system that lacks the most basic sympathy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR conducted \u003ca href=\"#methodology\">an informal survey\u003c/a> of Uber drivers, using email lists and social media. It's not a scientific poll. Respondents are self-selected, and possibly more negative toward Uber than the average driver. Still, it's a window into how hundreds of drivers feel; and an Uber spokesman says many of NPR's survey results track the company's own findings about its driver workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huestis' experience is clearly not unique. Of the respondents, 193 said they were able to speak with a person at Uber to get the help they needed. But 688 said they were not — no human was available. In phone interviews with NPR, drivers shared examples of how they couldn't reach Uber after an accident on the job (one man contacted Uber's insurance company, which then became the conduit to Uber), or after being kicked off the platform (drivers typically don't get a hearing).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/532120218/532120219\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huestis lives week to week. After his deactivation, he managed to make a bit of money by picking up scrap metal from nearby farms and recycling it. Only he can't do that work alone. He needs a friend to help because he's an amputee. He lost his left leg in a motorcycle accident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huestis contacted NPR the same day he was axed and, over the weeks, we followed his ups and downs. On May 1 he texted, \"i'm in tears today, rents due, no income from uber in over 20 days.\" He spent day and night checking his Uber app, waiting to learn the fate of his career the way some people check Facebook to see if a selfie got liked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber says the proper appeals procedures were followed with the third-party background check company in Huestis' case. After nearly a month, he was allowed to drive for Uber again. He says he would like to sue Uber for about $3,000 in lost wages. That's a lot of money for him, but not enough for a lawyer to bother with his case.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Be Your Own Boss' or 'Do What I Say'?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Uber's tagline — \"Be Your Own Boss\" — is an invitation as empowering as Nike's \"Just Do it\" and Apple's \"Think Different.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Uber's case, though, it's more than just savvy marketing. Being one's own boss is the legal argument that underlies Uber's entire business. The company says drivers are independent contractors — not employees entitled to expensive benefits. An Uber-commissioned \u003ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/uber-static/comms/PDF/Uber_Driver-Partners_Hall_Kreuger_2015.pdf\">study says\u003c/a> 87 percent of drivers joined because that's what they want: to be their own boss and set their own schedule. Uber lawyers cite that statistic in court as evidence when drivers sue the company for employee benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Uber leaders have not publicly asked an obvious follow-up question: At Uber, do you feel like your own boss? So NPR asked drivers, in the informal survey. A little more than half of respondents — 491 total — said they did; and, perhaps unexpectedly, nearly half — 436 — said they did not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You don't feel like your own boss at all,\" says driver David McKee from Vista, California. \"The only thing you control is the time when you sign on and sign off. Other than that, Uber controls everything. It's 'Be Your Own Boss' and 'do what I say.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"9aG9dyMgkpsf2wBJ47tLcYLs9BmJY9xx\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few workers can drop their kids off at school every morning and then run errands as needed before clocking in. The power to set one's own hours is rare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While McKee and other Uber drivers appreciate that flexibility, they say it is important to not overestimate it. A total of 779 survey respondents — more than 80 percent — say that to make enough money as an Uber driver, they have to work peak hours, like morning rush or weekend nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not unparalleled freedom, which is hardly surprising. After all, Uber is a transportation service that relies on customer demand, not a coding job where you can flip open your laptop and work anytime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But drivers go a step further and say they are not just subject to market forces. At Uber, they are also bound by the company's determination to protect the brand by tightly controlling driver performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber uses the sensors in drivers' own smartphones to monitor their turns and lane changes and rolling stops. Of the survey respondents, 116 (more than 10 percent), say they didn't realize Uber was doing that (they may have missed that line in the very long contract) and 433 (nearly half) would like Uber to stop it. Uber's competitor. Lyft, does not do such tracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKee says it is the job of the government to license you, penalize you and take away your license if warranted. He says Uber is making a power grab and \"becoming the police.\" He and other drivers also don't trust the company's intentions with their private data. Many Uber drivers work for more than one ride-hailing service, and they fear the tracking is a way for Uber to collect intelligence on smaller competitors like Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber says smartphone tracking is good for safety and protects drivers against unfair complaints from passengers. If you want to drive, opting out is not an option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"dQ5lL0oOaXahUFQ949zsUdQXDUtUIcTA\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers also don't have a choice when it comes to UberPool — the service where you can share a car with others. Drivers say they feel Uber is coercing them into offering it. They say while passengers get to pay much less, drivers also make much less — it is a money loser. In the NPR survey, 7 out of every 10 respondents who offer UberPool say they do not like it and wish they didn't have to provide it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they do. Uber has bundled its products, so if you want to drive for Uber's standard service (UberX), you have to offer Pool, too. For many, that doesn't feel very being-your-own-boss-like.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Dynamic pricing: Keep 'em guessing, and driving\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The way pricing works at Uber also subjects drivers to a kind of control that's novel. While people who are independent contractors typically set their own price for services, at Uber the company sets the price. And it's dynamic, able to change second by second according to a calculation that is secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While economists marvel at dynamic pricing — it's a superpower that the smartphone and algorithms make possible — drivers scratch their heads. It leaves Uber all-knowing, and drivers clueless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike in other jobs, they're not sure what they'll make per hour, and so they can end up on the road far longer than expected. Seventy-nine drivers tell NPR they have driven shifts 14 hours or longer. That means being in the car, Uber app on, either driving a passenger or waiting for work. Three people showed NPR documentation for driving 20 hours in a single day. Uber does not limit how many hours a driver can work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is clearly a public safety hazard. But at Uber, drivers talk about it as though it is normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11510928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11510928\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kyle Reninger sits in his car in Muncie. He drives for Uber part time, typically on weekend nights, so he is more likely to pick up surge prices, which earn him more money. He also drives for Lyft, an Uber competitor. \u003ccite>(Lucas Carter/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kyle Reninger is an Uber driver from Muncie, Indiana. The 32-year-old works weekend nights because, he says, that's when he is most likely to pick up surge fares — the higher prices (two, three, five times the regular rate) that passengers hate to pay and that drivers live by. They are the nuggets of the Uber gold rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of several weeks, he kept an audio diary for NPR, sending WhatsApp messages and screenshots between rides. His voice memos become a way to peer into his modern workplace and observe how the nights stretch out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reninger says he feels like his own boss: He chooses when to turn the Uber app on and off. And it's a side gig. He and his wife run a vegan bakery. As that business gets off the ground, Uber is a way to make quick money and also advertise to his passengers. He keeps vegan cookies in the car. (An Uber spokesman says it's OK for drivers to advertise another business in their own cars, so long as it is not an Uber competitor.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11510929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Reninger and his wife, Amanda, prepare baked goods for their vegan bakery business. (Right) Reninger stocks homemade cookies in his car and gives them out while he is driving for Uber.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11510929\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-240x240.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-375x375.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-520x520.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reninger and his wife, Amanda, prepare baked goods for their vegan bakery business. (Right) Reninger stocks homemade cookies in his car and gives them out while he is driving for Uber. \u003ccite>(Lucas Carter/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One Friday, Reninger sets out to make $200, not counting the cost of gas. He is on Uber and competitor Lyft, though the vast majority of his business comes from Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business is slower than he would like. It takes him 98 minutes on the road to get his first payment of $14.14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That amount is less than he expected. The Uber app estimated he should bring in $7 more. He says he is used to Uber playing this game — suggesting one fare, then paying another. He sends a message in the app basically saying: I got underpaid; fix that. Then, he keeps waiting for his next passenger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the hard part, the in between,\" he says in his voice memo. \"Not really sure, you know, if I should drive around, hope to get another ping. Or if I should head back north.\" He had driven down to Indianapolis, a little more than an hour from home, hoping for a busier night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In between the waiting, the passengers he does get make him laugh, think or sometimes cringe. One man is a globe-trotter who talks about his forays in Europe. Another sneaks an open beer can into the car, even though it's against the law and Reninger asked him not to. \"That was kind of a jerk move,\" the driver says. By 1:42 a.m., nearly nine hours into his shift, he is only about halfway to his $200 goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour later, he gets another passenger who says over and over, \"I'm so drunk; I'm so drunk, man.\" The passenger wants to go to IHOP, which is typical. A bit less typical, Reninger says in another voice memo, is that the drunk man got out of the car, \"zipped down his pants and started to urinate, right in front of IHOP. Then walked in, like nothing happened.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11510931\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Cars drive through Muncie at dusk.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11510931\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cars drive through Muncie at dusk. \u003ccite>(Lucas Carter/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By 6:11 a.m., you can start to hear Reninger's voice fading. And there is something he doesn't admit in his voice memos while he is on the road: He is having a hard time staying awake. He sips water and rolls down his window to help him. He waits until he gets home to mention this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All told, the Uber driver was in his car 14 hours, 9 minutes, and covered 401.2 miles. He got only one small surge fare. If you put aside the cost of gas, he made $165.30. Including tips, he nearly hit his goal. It just took a couple of more hours than he had hoped (and it was by no means his longest shift).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so it goes. Each night for the Uber driver is a gamble. The hours go by — just like in a casino. Only here, you could get tired and kill someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a problem that Uber could solve. It designed the app to lock out drivers if they don't accept a certain number of passengers (kind of like being put in the digital corner). It could design a safety feature to lock out drivers after a certain number of hours. (Lyft does that.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Uber lacks the will to do so. A company spokesman says in an email, \"Uber is a flexible work opportunity, so people can drive whenever they want.\" Also, according to Uber data, more than half of U.S. drivers use the app less than 10 hours a week. (Uber declined to disclose data on how long full-time drivers have the app on.) And finally, the spokesman says, Uber is testing out a new app alert in some cities, to remind drivers about the importance of getting enough rest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Uber's awakening\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The hype around Uber is that the company doesn't need drivers because it is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2017/04/03/522099560/pittsburgh-offers-driving-lessons-for-ubers-autonomous-cars\">developing self-driving cars\u003c/a>; and the biggest workplace crisis is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/06/531806891/uber-fires-20-employees-after-sexual-harassment-claim-investigation\">sexual harassment\u003c/a> — the way women in the corporate office are treated. But according to current and former employees as well as investors, Uber feels far more threatened by its broken relationship with drivers. This is the existential threat to the business, because self-driving fleets won't be ready anytime soon. Uber needs the human workforce now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Uber hired Janelle Sallenave to improve the way it responds to drivers' and riders' needs, disputes and accidents. \"How could my job not exist? How could there not be somebody whose job it would be to oversee the support of our drivers?\" she says in a phone interview with NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sallenave says Uber, which began service in 2010, has grown so fast, it just didn't have the time to \"marinate\" — like older companies — on some of the basics. The focus has been on launching in more cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, she says, drivers are a top priority and Uber will be announcing changes. \"I think in the coming months some of the improvements we are making directly address feedback that our drivers have been giving us for the last year plus.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sallenave acknowledges that getting an Uber representative on the phone six months ago was a feat that, she says, \"frankly I don't know I would be able to do.\" She says Uber has a lot of work to do to improve communication with drivers, and the company is doing that. It's staffing more than 200 physical drop-in centers (called \"green light hubs\") and introducing new dedicated phone lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers' complaints about poor communication are no surprise to Sallenave. She says Uber needs to revamp the way it \"deactivates\" drivers and that the company faces \"some serious work\" in how it handles those situations. Sallenave says Uber is undertaking significant policy changes, though she declined to provide details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also maintains that drivers are their own boss; that Uber is a digital platform (like eBay), not an employer; and that drivers are a lot like her own husband, who recently started a consultancy business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He doesn't get benefits. He doesn't exactly know what he's going to make. I mean, that to me is all of the risks, but also the potential reward, of being an individual small-business owner,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A case study in disruption\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A former federal regulator strongly disagrees with the Uber official's position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, I can't just declare a pigeon a duck because I think it should be a duck,\" says David Weil. He was head of the Department of Labor's wage-and-hour division under President Barack Obama. It was Weil's job to investigate companies that misclassify workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11510933\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85.jpg\" alt=\"A screenshot of the driver's view of the Uber app measures brakes and accelerations while Reninger drives.\" width=\"400\" height=\"711\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11510933\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85-160x284.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85-240x427.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85-375x667.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of the driver's view of the Uber app measures brakes and accelerations while Reninger drives. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kyle Reninger)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2016, Weil visited Silicon Valley. He came with then-Labor Secretary Tom Perez (who is now head of the Democratic National Committee). And something struck Weil: While people in tech talked like they were all disruptors in the same boat, they weren't. At a startup like TaskRabbit, for example, the people providing a service set their own price and define what work they'll do. The company doesn't control those things. But at Uber, the company sets the price and designs the services (like Uber Black, X and Pool), \u003cem>and \u003c/em>those services are core to the brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yeah, it looks a lot like an employment relationship. It looks like a very sophisticated, branded product provider,\" Weil says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weil's opinion, which is not based on inside knowledge, strikes at the heart of a number of legal battles and court cases in which workers are suing Uber, saying they are employees entitled to benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Weil didn't publicly express his opinion about Uber as a regulator; and he didn't put resources into investigations or outreach to Uber drivers. He says that is because although these drivers were a rapidly growing workforce, they were still a tiny sector, compared with janitors or nurses aides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As the head of the agency, I every day dealt with this reality. We were responsible for 130 million workers in 7.3 million workplaces,\" he says. \"When you face those kinds of numbers you have to think every day very strategically about, where will you put your very limited resources?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this respect, Uber becomes a fascinating case study in how disruption works. While the tech startup pursued aggressive growth — move fast, think later — public officials describe their collective response as cautious. \"You don't want to be seen as stopping progress,\" another former federal labor official told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"methodology\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About the survey\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR conducted an informal survey of Uber drivers from May 20-21, 2017, based on questions developed in consultation with a nationally recognized survey company. NPR distributed survey invitations to Uber drivers through an email list and through popular and active general online forums. We avoided recruiting from any forum focused on complaints or negative topics to avoid unduly biasing the responses. The survey respondents are not a scientific sample and not representative of all Uber drivers nationwide. They are self-selected and therefore represent the views of drivers who chose to participate. For example, drivers may be more likely to respond if they are more comfortable filling out an online survey or if they have more negative feelings toward the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To verify that survey takers were indeed Uber drivers, NPR included questions in the survey that require intimate knowledge of how the company pays drivers. Of the 1,158 respondents, NPR determined 943 responses valid. This is just a fraction of the hundreds of thousands of people who drive for Uber. Not all respondents replied to every question. Percentages may not total 100 because of rounding. NPR asked about length of service, to ensure a diversity of driver experiences with Uber. NPR solicited contact information of drivers surveyed and called dozens of drivers for follow-up interviews. The drivers were almost all still active; a handful had stopped driving in the last three months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR Business Desk intern Mollie Simon, Senior Research Director Lori Kaplan and News Apps Developer Brittany Mayes contributed to this story. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Faceless+Boss%3A+A+Look+Into+The+Uber+Driver+Workplace&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>You probably never want to hear you've been fired. If you've heard those words, you know they feel like a punch in the gut. Now, imagine that instead of your boss telling you face to face, you get the news from a pop-up alert on your smartphone. That's how it works at Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Huestis didn't realize that, until it happened to him. At first, there was nothing unusual about that day in April. He took his Chrysler 300 to a Burlington, Vermont, car wash. He bought the used car specifically to drive for Uber. After the car wash, he slid into the front seat and tried to open his Uber app. Nothing. He'd been \"deactivated,\" as Uber calls it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber has created one of the fastest-growing workforces in American history. And to recruit drivers, company leaders are fond of saying you can \"Be Your Own Boss.\" But through dozens of interviews and an informal survey, NPR found that hundreds of drivers feel the company is not living up to that promise. They say the San Francisco-based startup sets strict rules and punishments, just as other bosses do, but it's eerily distant. Even in dire situations — like when you've been axed — it's impossible to reach a human in charge. This facelessness is decidedly unlike other workplaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In interviews with NPR, Uber officials acknowledge that the company has to improve its communication with drivers and that in the initial years of growth, it was not a top priority. Now, they say, that's going to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/531642304/532100148\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Huestis found himself locked out, he wasn't sure if it was just a software glitch. He recalls the app alert told him to \"please contact customer support.\" It's counterintuitive, but again in Uber-speak, the driver is the \"customer.\" Drivers rely on the company's service — the now iconic black app — to match them with riders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huestis hit the button on the Uber app, which directed him to a form (not a person). Moments after hitting \"submit,\" he got a message from a company Uber uses to do criminal background checks. Checkr, another Silicon Valley startup, told him he had a marijuana record that needed to be reviewed before he could drive again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The timing threw Huestis off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 42-year-old, who lives with his girlfriend and her child, indeed \u003cem>had\u003c/em> a record for three marijuana possessions — spanning from 1993 to 2010. He says when he started driving for Uber in early 2016, he passed the background check. The only thing that has changed since is that on New Year's Day, Jan. 1, 2017, Huestis \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.state.vt.us/media/821533/shumlin_pardons.pdf\">was pardoned\u003c/a> by the governor of Vermont, clearing his record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It wasn't a DWI. It wasn't a felony. It wasn't a rape charge. It wasn't a kidnapping,\" Huestis says. \"It was nothing violent or anything that would stop me from being a Uber driver. So I was like, 'Why is this happening?'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508376\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11508376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-800x800.jpe\" alt=\"Eric Huestis was blocked from driving for Uber in Burlington, Vt., after he received a governor's pardon for past marijuana possession convictions. Uber later restored Huestis.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2.jpe 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-160x160.jpe 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-240x240.jpe 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-375x375.jpe 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-520x520.jpe 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-32x32.jpe 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-50x50.jpe 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-64x64.jpe 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-96x96.jpe 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-128x128.jpe 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/eric_custom-98cf0648b2c68232d42fa5956e58d1577c07b7c2-150x150.jpe 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eric Huestis was blocked from driving for Uber in Burlington, Vermont, after he received a governor's pardon for past marijuana possession convictions. Uber later restored Huestis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Eric Huestis)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huestis felt like he was invested in Uber — he even runs a Facebook page for local Uber drivers to bond — but the company isn't invested in him. Uber is among the largest private companies on earth and is currently valued at about $70 billion. But it didn't even have a number for him to call. Uber doesn't offer that kind of customer support. Huestis did manage to contact state officials, he says, but they didn't have a way to call Uber either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Huestis found himself trapped in a maze of online forms and generic emails. At first, the notifications told him it would take 15 days to review his case; then, 30 days. If that doesn't sound like a big deal, he puts it in perspective: \"What if you got booted off your cellphone provider? That [would] change everything. I mean, I got booted off my income provider, for no reason.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experience of this Uber driver may be a window into the future of work. For years, workers have enjoyed the way technology creates distance from the boss. You can join meetings from home, or from Hawaii. But with Uber, we are coming to a strange inflection point. The company has designed an app that is so efficient, cheap and scalable that it manages 600,000 drivers in the U.S. Yet there's an underside to distance. It can create a system that lacks the most basic sympathy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR conducted \u003ca href=\"#methodology\">an informal survey\u003c/a> of Uber drivers, using email lists and social media. It's not a scientific poll. Respondents are self-selected, and possibly more negative toward Uber than the average driver. Still, it's a window into how hundreds of drivers feel; and an Uber spokesman says many of NPR's survey results track the company's own findings about its driver workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huestis' experience is clearly not unique. Of the respondents, 193 said they were able to speak with a person at Uber to get the help they needed. But 688 said they were not — no human was available. In phone interviews with NPR, drivers shared examples of how they couldn't reach Uber after an accident on the job (one man contacted Uber's insurance company, which then became the conduit to Uber), or after being kicked off the platform (drivers typically don't get a hearing).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/532120218/532120219\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huestis lives week to week. After his deactivation, he managed to make a bit of money by picking up scrap metal from nearby farms and recycling it. Only he can't do that work alone. He needs a friend to help because he's an amputee. He lost his left leg in a motorcycle accident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huestis contacted NPR the same day he was axed and, over the weeks, we followed his ups and downs. On May 1 he texted, \"i'm in tears today, rents due, no income from uber in over 20 days.\" He spent day and night checking his Uber app, waiting to learn the fate of his career the way some people check Facebook to see if a selfie got liked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber says the proper appeals procedures were followed with the third-party background check company in Huestis' case. After nearly a month, he was allowed to drive for Uber again. He says he would like to sue Uber for about $3,000 in lost wages. That's a lot of money for him, but not enough for a lawyer to bother with his case.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'Be Your Own Boss' or 'Do What I Say'?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Uber's tagline — \"Be Your Own Boss\" — is an invitation as empowering as Nike's \"Just Do it\" and Apple's \"Think Different.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Uber's case, though, it's more than just savvy marketing. Being one's own boss is the legal argument that underlies Uber's entire business. The company says drivers are independent contractors — not employees entitled to expensive benefits. An Uber-commissioned \u003ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/uber-static/comms/PDF/Uber_Driver-Partners_Hall_Kreuger_2015.pdf\">study says\u003c/a> 87 percent of drivers joined because that's what they want: to be their own boss and set their own schedule. Uber lawyers cite that statistic in court as evidence when drivers sue the company for employee benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Uber leaders have not publicly asked an obvious follow-up question: At Uber, do you feel like your own boss? So NPR asked drivers, in the informal survey. A little more than half of respondents — 491 total — said they did; and, perhaps unexpectedly, nearly half — 436 — said they did not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You don't feel like your own boss at all,\" says driver David McKee from Vista, California. \"The only thing you control is the time when you sign on and sign off. Other than that, Uber controls everything. It's 'Be Your Own Boss' and 'do what I say.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few workers can drop their kids off at school every morning and then run errands as needed before clocking in. The power to set one's own hours is rare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While McKee and other Uber drivers appreciate that flexibility, they say it is important to not overestimate it. A total of 779 survey respondents — more than 80 percent — say that to make enough money as an Uber driver, they have to work peak hours, like morning rush or weekend nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not unparalleled freedom, which is hardly surprising. After all, Uber is a transportation service that relies on customer demand, not a coding job where you can flip open your laptop and work anytime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But drivers go a step further and say they are not just subject to market forces. At Uber, they are also bound by the company's determination to protect the brand by tightly controlling driver performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber uses the sensors in drivers' own smartphones to monitor their turns and lane changes and rolling stops. Of the survey respondents, 116 (more than 10 percent), say they didn't realize Uber was doing that (they may have missed that line in the very long contract) and 433 (nearly half) would like Uber to stop it. Uber's competitor. Lyft, does not do such tracking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKee says it is the job of the government to license you, penalize you and take away your license if warranted. He says Uber is making a power grab and \"becoming the police.\" He and other drivers also don't trust the company's intentions with their private data. Many Uber drivers work for more than one ride-hailing service, and they fear the tracking is a way for Uber to collect intelligence on smaller competitors like Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber says smartphone tracking is good for safety and protects drivers against unfair complaints from passengers. If you want to drive, opting out is not an option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers also don't have a choice when it comes to UberPool — the service where you can share a car with others. Drivers say they feel Uber is coercing them into offering it. They say while passengers get to pay much less, drivers also make much less — it is a money loser. In the NPR survey, 7 out of every 10 respondents who offer UberPool say they do not like it and wish they didn't have to provide it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they do. Uber has bundled its products, so if you want to drive for Uber's standard service (UberX), you have to offer Pool, too. For many, that doesn't feel very being-your-own-boss-like.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Dynamic pricing: Keep 'em guessing, and driving\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The way pricing works at Uber also subjects drivers to a kind of control that's novel. While people who are independent contractors typically set their own price for services, at Uber the company sets the price. And it's dynamic, able to change second by second according to a calculation that is secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While economists marvel at dynamic pricing — it's a superpower that the smartphone and algorithms make possible — drivers scratch their heads. It leaves Uber all-knowing, and drivers clueless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike in other jobs, they're not sure what they'll make per hour, and so they can end up on the road far longer than expected. Seventy-nine drivers tell NPR they have driven shifts 14 hours or longer. That means being in the car, Uber app on, either driving a passenger or waiting for work. Three people showed NPR documentation for driving 20 hours in a single day. Uber does not limit how many hours a driver can work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is clearly a public safety hazard. But at Uber, drivers talk about it as though it is normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11510928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11510928\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/ReningerCar-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kyle Reninger sits in his car in Muncie. He drives for Uber part time, typically on weekend nights, so he is more likely to pick up surge prices, which earn him more money. He also drives for Lyft, an Uber competitor. \u003ccite>(Lucas Carter/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kyle Reninger is an Uber driver from Muncie, Indiana. The 32-year-old works weekend nights because, he says, that's when he is most likely to pick up surge fares — the higher prices (two, three, five times the regular rate) that passengers hate to pay and that drivers live by. They are the nuggets of the Uber gold rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of several weeks, he kept an audio diary for NPR, sending WhatsApp messages and screenshots between rides. His voice memos become a way to peer into his modern workplace and observe how the nights stretch out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reninger says he feels like his own boss: He chooses when to turn the Uber app on and off. And it's a side gig. He and his wife run a vegan bakery. As that business gets off the ground, Uber is a way to make quick money and also advertise to his passengers. He keeps vegan cookies in the car. (An Uber spokesman says it's OK for drivers to advertise another business in their own cars, so long as it is not an Uber competitor.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11510929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Reninger and his wife, Amanda, prepare baked goods for their vegan bakery business. (Right) Reninger stocks homemade cookies in his car and gives them out while he is driving for Uber.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11510929\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-240x240.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-375x375.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-520x520.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/uber-trio_custom-8f4071e98b70220ebcfd6a5c8062a7fe0cd54663-s800-c85-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reninger and his wife, Amanda, prepare baked goods for their vegan bakery business. (Right) Reninger stocks homemade cookies in his car and gives them out while he is driving for Uber. \u003ccite>(Lucas Carter/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One Friday, Reninger sets out to make $200, not counting the cost of gas. He is on Uber and competitor Lyft, though the vast majority of his business comes from Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business is slower than he would like. It takes him 98 minutes on the road to get his first payment of $14.14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That amount is less than he expected. The Uber app estimated he should bring in $7 more. He says he is used to Uber playing this game — suggesting one fare, then paying another. He sends a message in the app basically saying: I got underpaid; fix that. Then, he keeps waiting for his next passenger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the hard part, the in between,\" he says in his voice memo. \"Not really sure, you know, if I should drive around, hope to get another ping. Or if I should head back north.\" He had driven down to Indianapolis, a little more than an hour from home, hoping for a busier night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In between the waiting, the passengers he does get make him laugh, think or sometimes cringe. One man is a globe-trotter who talks about his forays in Europe. Another sneaks an open beer can into the car, even though it's against the law and Reninger asked him not to. \"That was kind of a jerk move,\" the driver says. By 1:42 a.m., nearly nine hours into his shift, he is only about halfway to his $200 goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour later, he gets another passenger who says over and over, \"I'm so drunk; I'm so drunk, man.\" The passenger wants to go to IHOP, which is typical. A bit less typical, Reninger says in another voice memo, is that the drunk man got out of the car, \"zipped down his pants and started to urinate, right in front of IHOP. Then walked in, like nothing happened.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11510931\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Cars drive through Muncie at dusk.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11510931\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-375x249.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/06062017_reninger_uber_npr_1369-edit_custom-a51ec29fb68147aa4acd4dbe12a5f03e5c52ce54-s800-c85-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cars drive through Muncie at dusk. \u003ccite>(Lucas Carter/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By 6:11 a.m., you can start to hear Reninger's voice fading. And there is something he doesn't admit in his voice memos while he is on the road: He is having a hard time staying awake. He sips water and rolls down his window to help him. He waits until he gets home to mention this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All told, the Uber driver was in his car 14 hours, 9 minutes, and covered 401.2 miles. He got only one small surge fare. If you put aside the cost of gas, he made $165.30. Including tips, he nearly hit his goal. It just took a couple of more hours than he had hoped (and it was by no means his longest shift).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so it goes. Each night for the Uber driver is a gamble. The hours go by — just like in a casino. Only here, you could get tired and kill someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a problem that Uber could solve. It designed the app to lock out drivers if they don't accept a certain number of passengers (kind of like being put in the digital corner). It could design a safety feature to lock out drivers after a certain number of hours. (Lyft does that.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Uber lacks the will to do so. A company spokesman says in an email, \"Uber is a flexible work opportunity, so people can drive whenever they want.\" Also, according to Uber data, more than half of U.S. drivers use the app less than 10 hours a week. (Uber declined to disclose data on how long full-time drivers have the app on.) And finally, the spokesman says, Uber is testing out a new app alert in some cities, to remind drivers about the importance of getting enough rest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Uber's awakening\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The hype around Uber is that the company doesn't need drivers because it is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2017/04/03/522099560/pittsburgh-offers-driving-lessons-for-ubers-autonomous-cars\">developing self-driving cars\u003c/a>; and the biggest workplace crisis is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/06/531806891/uber-fires-20-employees-after-sexual-harassment-claim-investigation\">sexual harassment\u003c/a> — the way women in the corporate office are treated. But according to current and former employees as well as investors, Uber feels far more threatened by its broken relationship with drivers. This is the existential threat to the business, because self-driving fleets won't be ready anytime soon. Uber needs the human workforce now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Uber hired Janelle Sallenave to improve the way it responds to drivers' and riders' needs, disputes and accidents. \"How could my job not exist? How could there not be somebody whose job it would be to oversee the support of our drivers?\" she says in a phone interview with NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sallenave says Uber, which began service in 2010, has grown so fast, it just didn't have the time to \"marinate\" — like older companies — on some of the basics. The focus has been on launching in more cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, she says, drivers are a top priority and Uber will be announcing changes. \"I think in the coming months some of the improvements we are making directly address feedback that our drivers have been giving us for the last year plus.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sallenave acknowledges that getting an Uber representative on the phone six months ago was a feat that, she says, \"frankly I don't know I would be able to do.\" She says Uber has a lot of work to do to improve communication with drivers, and the company is doing that. It's staffing more than 200 physical drop-in centers (called \"green light hubs\") and introducing new dedicated phone lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers' complaints about poor communication are no surprise to Sallenave. She says Uber needs to revamp the way it \"deactivates\" drivers and that the company faces \"some serious work\" in how it handles those situations. Sallenave says Uber is undertaking significant policy changes, though she declined to provide details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also maintains that drivers are their own boss; that Uber is a digital platform (like eBay), not an employer; and that drivers are a lot like her own husband, who recently started a consultancy business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He doesn't get benefits. He doesn't exactly know what he's going to make. I mean, that to me is all of the risks, but also the potential reward, of being an individual small-business owner,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A case study in disruption\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A former federal regulator strongly disagrees with the Uber official's position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know, I can't just declare a pigeon a duck because I think it should be a duck,\" says David Weil. He was head of the Department of Labor's wage-and-hour division under President Barack Obama. It was Weil's job to investigate companies that misclassify workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11510933\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85.jpg\" alt=\"A screenshot of the driver's view of the Uber app measures brakes and accelerations while Reninger drives.\" width=\"400\" height=\"711\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11510933\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85-160x284.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85-240x427.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/kyle-driver-app_custom-d35e2f6f448a4b993aa78c730e096ea2bb48a190-s400-c85-375x667.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of the driver's view of the Uber app measures brakes and accelerations while Reninger drives. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kyle Reninger)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2016, Weil visited Silicon Valley. He came with then-Labor Secretary Tom Perez (who is now head of the Democratic National Committee). And something struck Weil: While people in tech talked like they were all disruptors in the same boat, they weren't. At a startup like TaskRabbit, for example, the people providing a service set their own price and define what work they'll do. The company doesn't control those things. But at Uber, the company sets the price and designs the services (like Uber Black, X and Pool), \u003cem>and \u003c/em>those services are core to the brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yeah, it looks a lot like an employment relationship. It looks like a very sophisticated, branded product provider,\" Weil says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weil's opinion, which is not based on inside knowledge, strikes at the heart of a number of legal battles and court cases in which workers are suing Uber, saying they are employees entitled to benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Weil didn't publicly express his opinion about Uber as a regulator; and he didn't put resources into investigations or outreach to Uber drivers. He says that is because although these drivers were a rapidly growing workforce, they were still a tiny sector, compared with janitors or nurses aides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As the head of the agency, I every day dealt with this reality. We were responsible for 130 million workers in 7.3 million workplaces,\" he says. \"When you face those kinds of numbers you have to think every day very strategically about, where will you put your very limited resources?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this respect, Uber becomes a fascinating case study in how disruption works. While the tech startup pursued aggressive growth — move fast, think later — public officials describe their collective response as cautious. \"You don't want to be seen as stopping progress,\" another former federal labor official told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"methodology\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>About the survey\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR conducted an informal survey of Uber drivers from May 20-21, 2017, based on questions developed in consultation with a nationally recognized survey company. NPR distributed survey invitations to Uber drivers through an email list and through popular and active general online forums. We avoided recruiting from any forum focused on complaints or negative topics to avoid unduly biasing the responses. The survey respondents are not a scientific sample and not representative of all Uber drivers nationwide. They are self-selected and therefore represent the views of drivers who chose to participate. For example, drivers may be more likely to respond if they are more comfortable filling out an online survey or if they have more negative feelings toward the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To verify that survey takers were indeed Uber drivers, NPR included questions in the survey that require intimate knowledge of how the company pays drivers. Of the 1,158 respondents, NPR determined 943 responses valid. This is just a fraction of the hundreds of thousands of people who drive for Uber. Not all respondents replied to every question. Percentages may not total 100 because of rounding. NPR asked about length of service, to ensure a diversity of driver experiences with Uber. NPR solicited contact information of drivers surveyed and called dozens of drivers for follow-up interviews. The drivers were almost all still active; a handful had stopped driving in the last three months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR Business Desk intern Mollie Simon, Senior Research Director Lori Kaplan and News Apps Developer Brittany Mayes contributed to this story. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Faceless+Boss%3A+A+Look+Into+The+Uber+Driver+Workplace&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "warehouses-promise-jobs-but-what-happens-when-the-robots-come",
"title": "Warehouses Promise Jobs, But What Happens When the Robots Come?",
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"headTitle": "Warehouses Promise Jobs, But What Happens When the Robots Come? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The city of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.tracy.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tracy\u003c/a> sits on the edge of the Central Valley, where Interstate 580 meets I-5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And like a lot of towns in this region, it’s been welcoming the warehousing industry and the jobs that have come with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Safeway, Restoration Hardware and lots more big retailers have warehouses in Tracy. But in the age of rapid automation, how long will these jobs last?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”jJBhsILOb4IGQP5g1e1yGVbQaEASqxx3″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon’s fulfillment center in Tracy offers a case study of the effects that robots will have on the future of jobs. While big retailers like Walmart and Target continue to rely mostly on human labor to fulfill customer orders, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-06-29/how-amazon-triggered-a-robot-arms-race\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amazon has deployed an army\u003c/a> of robots to help with the task in Tracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Amazon facility in Tracy is huge at about 1 million square feet. And the best way to describe the experience inside? It’s like walking through a ginormous machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, it’s really loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the conveyance,” said Ashley Robinson, an Amazon spokeswoman. I could barely hear her above the noise. What she calls conveyance, most people know as conveyor belts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got miles of conveyance here in this facility,” Robinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495468\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11495468\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">What is the future of jobs at warehouses like Amazon’s? \u003ccite>(Erasmo Martinez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Three stories of conveyor belts move an endless stream of yellow plastic boxes carrying customers’ stuff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re heading toward the pack stations, where they’ll be packed, a label supplied and sent out to the loading dock,” Robinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a lot of warehouses, moving things is mostly a human job, but here it’s mostly been automated. And while conveyor belts are an old technology, Robinson said, “It’s all part of the symphony of Amazon fulfillment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conductor of that symphony? A computer. It keeps track of everything that comes in and out of the warehouse. Then it conducts the conveyor belts, humans and robots to get you, the consumer, that stuff as quickly as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon’s robots are hard at work on the fourth floor of the warehouse, caged behind a black chain-link fence. These robots don’t have arms or faces. Instead, they look like giant orange hockey pucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The robot’s job? To fetch the stuff customers order online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do this, they glide around the warehouse and through a labyrinth of thousands of portable storage units. The shelves on those units are crammed with a random assortment of items: books, paper towels, board games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m seeing some bottles of vitamins — it looks like there’s some ink cartridges for printers,” Robinson said. “I’m seeing a zombie bobblehead toy up there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the robot finds its storage unit, it glides underneath and lifts it up. Then it delivers it to a human worker who is called a picker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the day I was there, a computer told the picker to grab what looked like a fantasy board game. It was on its side and jammed up against the shelf. The picker found it, scanned it and placed it on the conveyor belt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The robot took the shelf away and up rolled another shelf with another customer’s order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So in a traditional fulfillment center where the associate would walk to the different items within a library of inventory, it can take hours to fulfill the customer order,” Robinson explained. “With the robotics it can take minutes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A job that takes hours now takes minutes and fewer humans. It’s happened with every industrial revolution, and some people say we’re entering another one right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sri.com/about/people/karen-myers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Karen Myers\u003c/a> is a scientist at \u003ca href=\"https://www.sri.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SRI\u003c/a>, one of Silicon Valley’s oldest research centers. I asked her: What we can expect from this next big shift?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s definitely going to take away a lot of jobs,” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, she says, we’re running up against the limits of technology, too. Take the picker at the Amazon fulfillment center. Myers said those skills are proving to be uniquely human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So in computer science there’s a problem called the ‘bin packing problem,’ ” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s like it sounds: How do you program a robot to recognize a bunch of random objects and then pick up and stow them in a container?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our fingers are incredibly dexterous and the current generation of robotic manipulators. They’re getting much, much better,” Myers said. “But they’re just not quite there yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Myers said artificial intelligence, or the robot’s brain, isn’t up to the task. While artificial intelligence has made amazing advances in recognizing objects, it will take a while before its vision equals humans in the workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, remember that board game the Amazon picker was looking for? It was on its side and crammed into the shelf. The picker could barely see the box but she could still tell it was a board game. Myers says robots can’t do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there’s the human touch. Myers says robots are great at picking up similar items over and over again. But Amazon’s business is to sell every random thing a consumer might want and that poses challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re going to pick up a box of Kleenex, it’s pretty light. But if you’re trying to pick up a car battery, that’s going to be really heavy,” Myers said. “And how does a robot know that china is fragile but board games aren’t?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Myers says it will be a long time before a robot has the kind of common sense that humans rely on for these tasks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So one of the things we’ve learned is that automation is really good for some things, and humans are good for some things,” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of human or machine, technologists believe that we will work more side by side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And oftentimes by having a collaborative man-machine type setting, you can get more than just one in isolation,” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent study by \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/941163/pwc-study-automation-risk-is-higher-for-american-jobs-than-for-workers-in-germany-the-uk-and-japan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PricewaterhouseCoopers predicted\u003c/a> that by 2030, 38 percent of jobs in the U.S. might be taken by automation. In past industrial revolutions, jobs were destroyed but new ones replaced them. Or technology helped industries grow and create jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s too early to tell how this industrial revolution is going to play out in the warehousing industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say Amazon’s technology is destroying jobs, especially in retail, but the data on that are not clear. Robinson, of Amazon, said what is clear is that \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article153979624.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amazon continues to grow\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can say that here in our own facility, when we opened it, we thought 1,000 people would be working in this facility,” Robinson said. “Today it’s over 3,000 employees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson said robots working with humans enabled the Tracy center to fulfill more customer orders faster. That’s attracted more customers and the need for more human workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the robots, \u003ca href=\"http://www.seattletimes.com/business/amazon/amazon-on-pace-to-boast-fortune-500s-second-largest-workforce/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amazon is becoming one of the largest employers in the U.S.\u003c/a>, driven largely by the growth in its fulfillment centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[AmazonFulfillmentCenterMap]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The city of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.tracy.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tracy\u003c/a> sits on the edge of the Central Valley, where Interstate 580 meets I-5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And like a lot of towns in this region, it’s been welcoming the warehousing industry and the jobs that have come with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Safeway, Restoration Hardware and lots more big retailers have warehouses in Tracy. But in the age of rapid automation, how long will these jobs last?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon’s fulfillment center in Tracy offers a case study of the effects that robots will have on the future of jobs. While big retailers like Walmart and Target continue to rely mostly on human labor to fulfill customer orders, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-06-29/how-amazon-triggered-a-robot-arms-race\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amazon has deployed an army\u003c/a> of robots to help with the task in Tracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Amazon facility in Tracy is huge at about 1 million square feet. And the best way to describe the experience inside? It’s like walking through a ginormous machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, it’s really loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the conveyance,” said Ashley Robinson, an Amazon spokeswoman. I could barely hear her above the noise. What she calls conveyance, most people know as conveyor belts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got miles of conveyance here in this facility,” Robinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495468\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11495468\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-1020x574.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_1-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">What is the future of jobs at warehouses like Amazon’s? \u003ccite>(Erasmo Martinez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Three stories of conveyor belts move an endless stream of yellow plastic boxes carrying customers’ stuff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re heading toward the pack stations, where they’ll be packed, a label supplied and sent out to the loading dock,” Robinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a lot of warehouses, moving things is mostly a human job, but here it’s mostly been automated. And while conveyor belts are an old technology, Robinson said, “It’s all part of the symphony of Amazon fulfillment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conductor of that symphony? A computer. It keeps track of everything that comes in and out of the warehouse. Then it conducts the conveyor belts, humans and robots to get you, the consumer, that stuff as quickly as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon’s robots are hard at work on the fourth floor of the warehouse, caged behind a black chain-link fence. These robots don’t have arms or faces. Instead, they look like giant orange hockey pucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The robot’s job? To fetch the stuff customers order online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do this, they glide around the warehouse and through a labyrinth of thousands of portable storage units. The shelves on those units are crammed with a random assortment of items: books, paper towels, board games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m seeing some bottles of vitamins — it looks like there’s some ink cartridges for printers,” Robinson said. “I’m seeing a zombie bobblehead toy up there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the robot finds its storage unit, it glides underneath and lifts it up. Then it delivers it to a human worker who is called a picker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the day I was there, a computer told the picker to grab what looked like a fantasy board game. It was on its side and jammed up against the shelf. The picker found it, scanned it and placed it on the conveyor belt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The robot took the shelf away and up rolled another shelf with another customer’s order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So in a traditional fulfillment center where the associate would walk to the different items within a library of inventory, it can take hours to fulfill the customer order,” Robinson explained. “With the robotics it can take minutes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A job that takes hours now takes minutes and fewer humans. It’s happened with every industrial revolution, and some people say we’re entering another one right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sri.com/about/people/karen-myers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Karen Myers\u003c/a> is a scientist at \u003ca href=\"https://www.sri.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SRI\u003c/a>, one of Silicon Valley’s oldest research centers. I asked her: What we can expect from this next big shift?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s definitely going to take away a lot of jobs,” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, she says, we’re running up against the limits of technology, too. Take the picker at the Amazon fulfillment center. Myers said those skills are proving to be uniquely human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So in computer science there’s a problem called the ‘bin packing problem,’ ” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s like it sounds: How do you program a robot to recognize a bunch of random objects and then pick up and stow them in a container?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our fingers are incredibly dexterous and the current generation of robotic manipulators. They’re getting much, much better,” Myers said. “But they’re just not quite there yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Myers said artificial intelligence, or the robot’s brain, isn’t up to the task. While artificial intelligence has made amazing advances in recognizing objects, it will take a while before its vision equals humans in the workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, remember that board game the Amazon picker was looking for? It was on its side and crammed into the shelf. The picker could barely see the box but she could still tell it was a board game. Myers says robots can’t do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there’s the human touch. Myers says robots are great at picking up similar items over and over again. But Amazon’s business is to sell every random thing a consumer might want and that poses challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re going to pick up a box of Kleenex, it’s pretty light. But if you’re trying to pick up a car battery, that’s going to be really heavy,” Myers said. “And how does a robot know that china is fragile but board games aren’t?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Myers says it will be a long time before a robot has the kind of common sense that humans rely on for these tasks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So one of the things we’ve learned is that automation is really good for some things, and humans are good for some things,” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of human or machine, technologists believe that we will work more side by side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And oftentimes by having a collaborative man-machine type setting, you can get more than just one in isolation,” Myers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent study by \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/941163/pwc-study-automation-risk-is-higher-for-american-jobs-than-for-workers-in-germany-the-uk-and-japan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PricewaterhouseCoopers predicted\u003c/a> that by 2030, 38 percent of jobs in the U.S. might be taken by automation. In past industrial revolutions, jobs were destroyed but new ones replaced them. Or technology helped industries grow and create jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s too early to tell how this industrial revolution is going to play out in the warehousing industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say Amazon’s technology is destroying jobs, especially in retail, but the data on that are not clear. Robinson, of Amazon, said what is clear is that \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article153979624.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amazon continues to grow\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can say that here in our own facility, when we opened it, we thought 1,000 people would be working in this facility,” Robinson said. “Today it’s over 3,000 employees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson said robots working with humans enabled the Tracy center to fulfill more customer orders faster. That’s attracted more customers and the need for more human workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the robots, \u003ca href=\"http://www.seattletimes.com/business/amazon/amazon-on-pace-to-boast-fortune-500s-second-largest-workforce/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amazon is becoming one of the largest employers in the U.S.\u003c/a>, driven largely by the growth in its fulfillment centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Mariela Zepeda is on the clock, time is precious. Zepeda works quickly, her nimble fingers grabbing everything from bottles of pills to boxes of condoms. She’s employed as a “picker” at a CVS distribution center in Patterson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything she picks, she packs into crates, which then get shipped to CVS stores around Northern California. The items end up on store shelves, ready for customers to purchase and start the whole cycle over again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CQnt95QGtbY#action=share\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zepeda is one of thousands of workers in the Central Valley who labor in the distribution industry. The business sector is booming, in part due to the growth of online retailer Amazon and its commitment to delivering consumer goods to your doorstep at ever faster speeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local governments have welcomed the boost in employment, and they are even investing in training to prepare young people to take the new jobs. But there are questions about whether these jobs pay enough to be long-term solutions for local residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It’s heavy work but it definitely beats fast food chains.’ \u003ccite>Mariela Zepeda, CVS pick selector\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Zepeda, for one, has aspirations beyond the distribution and logistics industry. She’s studying to be a history professor. In the meantime, she said the job at the warehouse “is heavy work but it definitely beats fast food chains or anything like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First off, Zepeda said, pay is better. She makes $14.79 an hour. For entry-level distribution jobs, companies advertise starting wages of $12 to $14, sometimes with benefits. They also tout the opportunities to advance within the distribution center, potentially into management positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson has about a dozen distribution centers nestled alongside Interstate 5. There’s one for Grainger, Kohl’s, Restoration Hardware and Amazon. The town, like others nearby, is betting on the industry, hoping it will provide jobs for future generations. Philip Alfano is superintendent of the Patterson Joint Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Historically we’ve been an agricultural-based economy,” Alfano said. “With our proximity to the Port of Oakland and rail lines, we’re now emerging as a logistics and supply chain hub.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The region has the jobs to prove it. Since 2000, warehouse and transport jobs like trucking in Stanislaus County more than doubled, from 4,000 to over 9,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the question was, who is going to take those jobs?” Alfano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson residents, Alfano hopes. That’s why he helped start a vocational program at Patterson High to train kids for the jobs. The district used state grant funds, and chipped in its own money to build a model warehouse, complete with virtual reality forklift simulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495467\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 527px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11495467\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"527\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 527px) 100vw, 527px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Hilario Garcia tries to prepare a student for forklift work at a distribution center. \u003ccite>(Erasmo Martinez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Teacher Hilario Garcia used to work in the distribution industry, and he gets choked up about his kids getting jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to be them,” Garcia said. “I was that guy in the back, wasn’t the greatest student in class. I didn’t know what I was doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Distribution helped Garcia get his start, and it is bringing in more entry-level jobs to an area where employment rates have lagged. But is the industry enough to sustain a community in the long term? Can workers afford a house nearby and support a family?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Tracy is grappling with these questions. It’s about 30 minutes north of Patterson and is another hub for distribution. The industry grew under Michael Maciel, Tracy’s mayor from the end of 2014 to 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There were voices that said these aren’t the kind of jobs we want in Tracy.’ \u003ccite>Michael Maciel, former mayor of Tracy\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He represented a strategy of taking “advantage of this growing segment of the economy,” Maciel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now though, he said, Tracy’s City Council has started taking a more critical approach to the industry. “In the council there were voices that said these aren’t the kind of jobs we want in Tracy,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelley Burcham is Tracy’s economic development manager. “We know that there are citizens that require these entry-level jobs, or that’s their skill set, but we want to up the game,” Burcham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is to lure industries with better-paying jobs — sectors like tech or high-skilled manufacturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burcham said a big problem right now in Tracy is that most of its community spends several hours commuting each day for work. Local jobs often do not compensate people enough to afford Tracy, which is on the outer edge of the Bay Area’s real estate crunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[WarehouseEmploymentGraph]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“About 70 percent of our resident workforce actually commutes out of Tracy every day,” Burcham said. Where do they go? To better-paying jobs in Fremont, San Jose and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracy’s City Council wanted to know how much a job would have to pay for someone to afford to live in the city. They called this a “head-of-household job.” After crunching the numbers on real estate prices and cost of living, they arrived at a figure of $72,000 a year. Most jobs at a distribution center don’t pay that much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Tracy tries to bring in higher-paying industries, the distribution business here continues to grow. Amazon just opened a second fulfillment center, and now it employs over 3,000 people between the two. In many ways the high-profile company has become the face of the distribution boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local newspapers track the company’s growth and expansion plans. Local politicians debate the quality of jobs and the potential impact of automation. Residents speculate how the future of shopping will affect their own local retail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inside a Distribution Center\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon’s two squat complexes spread out over large grassy lots in what was once expansive, unbroken agricultural land. As soon as you pass into the building, you are enveloped in sound. Noises made by human workers and machines ricochet off concrete and metal into an indistinguishable industrial din, punctuated occasionally by the beep of a forklift backing up.[contextly_sidebar id=”5g2sjFaPgyFc8yyI1ugVam2CG8bedBTn”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conveyor belts compose the base of this droning. They snake around the entire building, taking abrupt turns, spiraling from ceiling to floor, alternating from metal rollers to long treadmills, speeding up, slowing down, crisscrossing and finally converging like lanes on a large and complex freeway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An endless stream of brown boxes ride these pathways, traveling from human — the pickers who fill them with items — to the bays of trucks waiting outside. Many will take the same roads as commuters of Tracy, away from the Central Valley to the ranks of consumers in the urban centers of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ashley Robinson, an Amazon spokeswoman, said the jobs at the fulfillment centers may not be long-term solutions for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Absolutely we acknowledge that for some folks a job here at Amazon may be a lifelong career path, and for others it might be the step that they need between step one and, you know, step three,” Robinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Tracy fulfillment center has a classroom and a career program to help workers find jobs at Amazon or even elsewhere. At the CVS distribution center in Patterson, Mariela Zepeda said the company offers flexible schedules to college students like her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CVS job is helping her pay her bills and go to college, but Zepeda says she doesn’t think you can raise a family in Patterson with most jobs at a distribution center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By myself, with no kids, nothing, maybe I can get by,” she said. “But if you are trying to feed a family, no I don’t think so. I think a lot of places are like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of places. Zepeda is not just talking about the distribution industry. This is Zepeda’s general feeling about employment: There are few jobs that pay enough for people to live where they work. She worries that with automation, the whole situation is just going to get worse.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Mariela Zepeda is on the clock, time is precious. Zepeda works quickly, her nimble fingers grabbing everything from bottles of pills to boxes of condoms. She’s employed as a “picker” at a CVS distribution center in Patterson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything she picks, she packs into crates, which then get shipped to CVS stores around Northern California. The items end up on store shelves, ready for customers to purchase and start the whole cycle over again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CQnt95QGtbY#action=share\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zepeda is one of thousands of workers in the Central Valley who labor in the distribution industry. The business sector is booming, in part due to the growth of online retailer Amazon and its commitment to delivering consumer goods to your doorstep at ever faster speeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local governments have welcomed the boost in employment, and they are even investing in training to prepare young people to take the new jobs. But there are questions about whether these jobs pay enough to be long-term solutions for local residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It’s heavy work but it definitely beats fast food chains.’ \u003ccite>Mariela Zepeda, CVS pick selector\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Zepeda, for one, has aspirations beyond the distribution and logistics industry. She’s studying to be a history professor. In the meantime, she said the job at the warehouse “is heavy work but it definitely beats fast food chains or anything like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First off, Zepeda said, pay is better. She makes $14.79 an hour. For entry-level distribution jobs, companies advertise starting wages of $12 to $14, sometimes with benefits. They also tout the opportunities to advance within the distribution center, potentially into management positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson has about a dozen distribution centers nestled alongside Interstate 5. There’s one for Grainger, Kohl’s, Restoration Hardware and Amazon. The town, like others nearby, is betting on the industry, hoping it will provide jobs for future generations. Philip Alfano is superintendent of the Patterson Joint Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Historically we’ve been an agricultural-based economy,” Alfano said. “With our proximity to the Port of Oakland and rail lines, we’re now emerging as a logistics and supply chain hub.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The region has the jobs to prove it. Since 2000, warehouse and transport jobs like trucking in Stanislaus County more than doubled, from 4,000 to over 9,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the question was, who is going to take those jobs?” Alfano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson residents, Alfano hopes. That’s why he helped start a vocational program at Patterson High to train kids for the jobs. The district used state grant funds, and chipped in its own money to build a model warehouse, complete with virtual reality forklift simulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11495467\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 527px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11495467\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"527\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/DC_8-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 527px) 100vw, 527px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Hilario Garcia tries to prepare a student for forklift work at a distribution center. \u003ccite>(Erasmo Martinez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Teacher Hilario Garcia used to work in the distribution industry, and he gets choked up about his kids getting jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to be them,” Garcia said. “I was that guy in the back, wasn’t the greatest student in class. I didn’t know what I was doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Distribution helped Garcia get his start, and it is bringing in more entry-level jobs to an area where employment rates have lagged. But is the industry enough to sustain a community in the long term? Can workers afford a house nearby and support a family?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Tracy is grappling with these questions. It’s about 30 minutes north of Patterson and is another hub for distribution. The industry grew under Michael Maciel, Tracy’s mayor from the end of 2014 to 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There were voices that said these aren’t the kind of jobs we want in Tracy.’ \u003ccite>Michael Maciel, former mayor of Tracy\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He represented a strategy of taking “advantage of this growing segment of the economy,” Maciel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now though, he said, Tracy’s City Council has started taking a more critical approach to the industry. “In the council there were voices that said these aren’t the kind of jobs we want in Tracy,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelley Burcham is Tracy’s economic development manager. “We know that there are citizens that require these entry-level jobs, or that’s their skill set, but we want to up the game,” Burcham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is to lure industries with better-paying jobs — sectors like tech or high-skilled manufacturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burcham said a big problem right now in Tracy is that most of its community spends several hours commuting each day for work. Local jobs often do not compensate people enough to afford Tracy, which is on the outer edge of the Bay Area’s real estate crunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[WarehouseEmploymentGraph]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“About 70 percent of our resident workforce actually commutes out of Tracy every day,” Burcham said. Where do they go? To better-paying jobs in Fremont, San Jose and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracy’s City Council wanted to know how much a job would have to pay for someone to afford to live in the city. They called this a “head-of-household job.” After crunching the numbers on real estate prices and cost of living, they arrived at a figure of $72,000 a year. Most jobs at a distribution center don’t pay that much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Tracy tries to bring in higher-paying industries, the distribution business here continues to grow. Amazon just opened a second fulfillment center, and now it employs over 3,000 people between the two. In many ways the high-profile company has become the face of the distribution boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local newspapers track the company’s growth and expansion plans. Local politicians debate the quality of jobs and the potential impact of automation. Residents speculate how the future of shopping will affect their own local retail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inside a Distribution Center\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon’s two squat complexes spread out over large grassy lots in what was once expansive, unbroken agricultural land. As soon as you pass into the building, you are enveloped in sound. Noises made by human workers and machines ricochet off concrete and metal into an indistinguishable industrial din, punctuated occasionally by the beep of a forklift backing up.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conveyor belts compose the base of this droning. They snake around the entire building, taking abrupt turns, spiraling from ceiling to floor, alternating from metal rollers to long treadmills, speeding up, slowing down, crisscrossing and finally converging like lanes on a large and complex freeway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An endless stream of brown boxes ride these pathways, traveling from human — the pickers who fill them with items — to the bays of trucks waiting outside. Many will take the same roads as commuters of Tracy, away from the Central Valley to the ranks of consumers in the urban centers of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ashley Robinson, an Amazon spokeswoman, said the jobs at the fulfillment centers may not be long-term solutions for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Absolutely we acknowledge that for some folks a job here at Amazon may be a lifelong career path, and for others it might be the step that they need between step one and, you know, step three,” Robinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Tracy fulfillment center has a classroom and a career program to help workers find jobs at Amazon or even elsewhere. At the CVS distribution center in Patterson, Mariela Zepeda said the company offers flexible schedules to college students like her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CVS job is helping her pay her bills and go to college, but Zepeda says she doesn’t think you can raise a family in Patterson with most jobs at a distribution center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By myself, with no kids, nothing, maybe I can get by,” she said. “But if you are trying to feed a family, no I don’t think so. I think a lot of places are like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A proposal to expand the state's parental leave protections to small-business employees passed the state Senate, despite Gov. Jerry Brown's opposition to a very similar measure last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB63\">SB 63\u003c/a>, from Sen. Hannah-Beth Jackson (D-Santa Barbara) advanced to the Assembly Tuesday on a party-line vote, with all 13 Senate Republicans voting against the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Two-point-seven million more Californians will benefit from this measure,\" said Jackson. \"Family lives have changed dramatically in recent decades, but our policies have remained frozen in time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation would mandate that businesses with between 20 and 50 employees give their workers 12 weeks to spend with a new child, and guarantee their employment when they return. Currently, those protections are required only of businesses with more than 50 employees. The bill does not require the leave to be paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 63 was viewed as important by a pair of powerful Capitol constituencies. Its passage was a top priority for the \u003ca href=\"http://womenscaucus.legislature.ca.gov/news/2017-04-04-legislative-womens-caucus-hails-priority-bills-stronger-california-implore-governor\">Legislative Women's Caucus\u003c/a>, while the California Chamber of Commerce lobbied for its defeat, labeling it a \u003ca href=\"http://advocacy.calchamber.com/policy/bill-tracking/job-killers/2017-job-killers/\">\"job killer.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Republicans said they support parental leave, but not for smaller businesses. Sen. Jeff Stone (R-Coachella Valley) said his pharmacy would be hurt by the expansion, because his workers provide a specific skill set that is difficult to replace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If I get two or three of them that have to leave because of parental or maternal needs, I just can’t go out into the street and hire people to replace them,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Jerry Brown vetoed \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB654\">SB 654\u003c/a>, a nearly identical provision also written by Sen. Jackson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor emphasized the importance of early bonding time between parents and babies, but wrote in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/docs/SB_654_Veto_Message.pdf\">veto message \u003c/a>that he was concerned \"about the impact of this leave, particularly on small businesses and the potential liability that could result.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No word on whether the governor is likely to view this new version of the bill differently.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A proposal to expand the state's parental leave protections to small-business employees passed the state Senate, despite Gov. Jerry Brown's opposition to a very similar measure last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB63\">SB 63\u003c/a>, from Sen. Hannah-Beth Jackson (D-Santa Barbara) advanced to the Assembly Tuesday on a party-line vote, with all 13 Senate Republicans voting against the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Two-point-seven million more Californians will benefit from this measure,\" said Jackson. \"Family lives have changed dramatically in recent decades, but our policies have remained frozen in time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation would mandate that businesses with between 20 and 50 employees give their workers 12 weeks to spend with a new child, and guarantee their employment when they return. Currently, those protections are required only of businesses with more than 50 employees. The bill does not require the leave to be paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 63 was viewed as important by a pair of powerful Capitol constituencies. Its passage was a top priority for the \u003ca href=\"http://womenscaucus.legislature.ca.gov/news/2017-04-04-legislative-womens-caucus-hails-priority-bills-stronger-california-implore-governor\">Legislative Women's Caucus\u003c/a>, while the California Chamber of Commerce lobbied for its defeat, labeling it a \u003ca href=\"http://advocacy.calchamber.com/policy/bill-tracking/job-killers/2017-job-killers/\">\"job killer.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Republicans said they support parental leave, but not for smaller businesses. Sen. Jeff Stone (R-Coachella Valley) said his pharmacy would be hurt by the expansion, because his workers provide a specific skill set that is difficult to replace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If I get two or three of them that have to leave because of parental or maternal needs, I just can’t go out into the street and hire people to replace them,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Jerry Brown vetoed \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB654\">SB 654\u003c/a>, a nearly identical provision also written by Sen. Jackson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor emphasized the importance of early bonding time between parents and babies, but wrote in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/docs/SB_654_Veto_Message.pdf\">veto message \u003c/a>that he was concerned \"about the impact of this leave, particularly on small businesses and the potential liability that could result.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No word on whether the governor is likely to view this new version of the bill differently.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Amid Housing Crisis, Why 2 Out of 5 Young Californians Still Live at Home",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>State lawmakers have introduced more than 130 bills this legislative session to try to solve California’s housing affordability crisis, proposing everything from 150 square-foot \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB352\">apartments\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://sd24.senate.ca.gov/news/2016-12-06-senate-introduces-%E2%80%9Ccalifornia-rebuild%E2%80%9D-infrastructure-proposals\">a $3 billion affordable housing bond\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while many see the flurry of political activity as an encouraging sign, for millions of younger Californians, all the talk of infill development, CEQA reform and developer fees can be reduced to one simple question:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will any of this stuff finally help me move out of my parents’ place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly a decade removed from the depths of the Great Recession, a staggering 38 percent of California’s 18- to 34-year-olds still live with their parents, according to U.S. Census data. That’s roughly 3.6 million people stuck at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of it this way: If “unlaunched” California millennials formed their own state, they would be entitled to more electoral votes than Connecticut, Iowa or Utah. If they formed their own city, it would be the third largest in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the trend appears to have accelerated over the past few years. Many researchers expected that the “boomerangers” of the recession would flee their parents’ domiciles once the economy recovered and the labor market started roaring again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California has its lowest unemployment rate since 2007 -- and millennials still aren’t moving out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have thought and did think for a long time that as the labor market got better, more young adults would get jobs and the share of them living with their parents would start declining,” says Richard Fry, a senior researcher at the Pew Research Center. “But I’m increasingly thinking this is not a cyclical phenomenon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what exactly is keeping California’s millennials from breaking free of their parents? Part of the explanation is intuitive: California’s skyrocketing housing costs. But digging deeper into who exactly these stay-at-homers are, and how they’re different from younger adults from previous generations, shows other forces are also at play.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Wasn’t it common for previous generations of young Californians to live at home for a while?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>No -- not really.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least not compared to today, or to the rest of the country at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//e.infogr.am/generation_unlaunched?src=embed\" title=\"Generation Unlaunched\" width=\"800\" height=\"733\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1980, when baby boomers were young adults, only 1 in 5 younger Californians lived with their parents. That fraction ticked up only marginally for more than two decades and roughly kept pace with what was happening in the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But since the turn of the millennium, the ranks of the stay-at-home have increased dramatically. Between 1980 and 2000, California saw about a 5 percentage point increase in its share of young people living at home. Between 2000 and 2015, that percentage grew by 14 points, outpacing the trend in the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How bad is it compared to other states?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Aging California parents and their adult children can take some solace in the fact that many of their out-of-state relatives are experiencing the same type of overcrowded household they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has the sixth-highest rate of millennial stay-at-homers in the country. But we’re not close to touching New Jersey, where 47 percent of 18- to 34-year-olds live with mom and/or dad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-DdTZX\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/DdTZX/2/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In keeping with what we know about \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/the-withering-california-dreamby-the-numbers/\">income mobility patterns\u003c/a> across the U.S., young people in the “plains states” tend to live more independently. In North Dakota, an astonishingly low 14 percent of young people live at home. California does the worst out of all its West Coast neighbors, leading Arizona, Oregon, Washington and Nevada by a significant margin.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Homebound millennials are working -- they’re just not making enough money\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Let’s focus on older California millennials still living at home -- those in the 25-to-34 age range, who conceivably have had more time to complete schooling and enter the workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a CALmatters analysis of \u003ca href=\"https://usa.ipums.org/usa/\">American Community Survey data\u003c/a>, about 1 in 4 Californians age 25-to-34 live with their parents -- more than 1.3 million people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of this population is working or in school -- most are not lounging around idly. About 70 percent of older California millennials living with parents reported being employed in 2015. About 20 percent also report being in school (those activities are not mutually exclusive). In fact, significantly more of these Californians are enrolled in school than their counterparts elsewhere in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//e.infogr.am/employment-598438?src=embed\" title=\"Employment\" width=\"550\" height=\"717\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem lies in how much money these older millennials make. The median earned income for an older millennial living at home is around $21,000 (among those with positive earnings). That’s not chump change, and it’s slightly more than what older millennials who live at home elsewhere in the country make (around $20,000).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not a lot, and it’s less than what younger people from previous generations of Californians used to earn. In inflation-adjusted dollars, median earnings for full-time working young adult Californians have dropped by 11 percent since 1990. That follows a national pattern of wage stagnation for younger Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And leaner earnings are especially problematic for younger Californians because ...\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Most millennials living with their parents are in pricier parts of the state\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>More than 40 percent of all older California millennials living with their parents are in the greater Los Angeles metro area, one of the highest-cost rental markets in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another 10 percent are in the San Francisco-Hayward-Oakland area. According to the apartment rental listing site Zumper, a median one-bedroom apartment in Los Angeles goes for $2,090 a month, and in Oakland a one-bedroom goes for $2,060. While those prices are on the higher side of median estimates, both easily surpass the monthly take-home of the typical millennial at home with mom and dad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, even more affordable parts of the state with concentrated poverty see a large number of stay-at-homers. While sample size constraints make precise estimates unreliable, the El Centro metro area -- where a quarter of the population fall below the poverty line -- saw roughly 40 percent of its 25-to-34-year-olds live at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>But there’s more at play than just housing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to disentangle the decision to live at home from other major life choices -- especially marriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young people with a spouse are much more likely to live away from home than the unmarried. And the proportion of young unmarried Californians, much like elsewhere in the country, has grown significantly over the decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//e.infogr.am/never_married-036?src=embed\" title=\"Percent of never-married 18 to 34-year-olds\" width=\"550\" height=\"656\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But are young people postponing marriage because they’re living at home, or are they living at home because they’re postponing marriage? It’s a chicken-and-egg question for demographers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With one demographic factor you can explain pretty much the entire increase in young adults living at home—marriage,” says Fry, the Pew researcher. “But that’s not really satisfactory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The value of education in the workforce is also an important factor. Completing at least four years of college gives you an 83 percent chance of avoiding living with your parents in your late 20s and early 30s, about 8 percentage points higher than if you complete less education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So even if legislators were magically able to reduce housing costs overnight, it will still be difficult for single, young adults with lower education levels to strike out on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A flurry of political activity around affordable housing is encouraging. But for millions of younger Californians, all the talk can be reduced to a simple question: Will any of this finally help me move out of my parents' place?",
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"title": "Amid Housing Crisis, Why 2 Out of 5 Young Californians Still Live at Home | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>State lawmakers have introduced more than 130 bills this legislative session to try to solve California’s housing affordability crisis, proposing everything from 150 square-foot \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB352\">apartments\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://sd24.senate.ca.gov/news/2016-12-06-senate-introduces-%E2%80%9Ccalifornia-rebuild%E2%80%9D-infrastructure-proposals\">a $3 billion affordable housing bond\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while many see the flurry of political activity as an encouraging sign, for millions of younger Californians, all the talk of infill development, CEQA reform and developer fees can be reduced to one simple question:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will any of this stuff finally help me move out of my parents’ place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly a decade removed from the depths of the Great Recession, a staggering 38 percent of California’s 18- to 34-year-olds still live with their parents, according to U.S. Census data. That’s roughly 3.6 million people stuck at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of it this way: If “unlaunched” California millennials formed their own state, they would be entitled to more electoral votes than Connecticut, Iowa or Utah. If they formed their own city, it would be the third largest in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the trend appears to have accelerated over the past few years. Many researchers expected that the “boomerangers” of the recession would flee their parents’ domiciles once the economy recovered and the labor market started roaring again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California has its lowest unemployment rate since 2007 -- and millennials still aren’t moving out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have thought and did think for a long time that as the labor market got better, more young adults would get jobs and the share of them living with their parents would start declining,” says Richard Fry, a senior researcher at the Pew Research Center. “But I’m increasingly thinking this is not a cyclical phenomenon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what exactly is keeping California’s millennials from breaking free of their parents? Part of the explanation is intuitive: California’s skyrocketing housing costs. But digging deeper into who exactly these stay-at-homers are, and how they’re different from younger adults from previous generations, shows other forces are also at play.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Wasn’t it common for previous generations of young Californians to live at home for a while?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>No -- not really.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least not compared to today, or to the rest of the country at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//e.infogr.am/generation_unlaunched?src=embed\" title=\"Generation Unlaunched\" width=\"800\" height=\"733\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1980, when baby boomers were young adults, only 1 in 5 younger Californians lived with their parents. That fraction ticked up only marginally for more than two decades and roughly kept pace with what was happening in the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But since the turn of the millennium, the ranks of the stay-at-home have increased dramatically. Between 1980 and 2000, California saw about a 5 percentage point increase in its share of young people living at home. Between 2000 and 2015, that percentage grew by 14 points, outpacing the trend in the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How bad is it compared to other states?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Aging California parents and their adult children can take some solace in the fact that many of their out-of-state relatives are experiencing the same type of overcrowded household they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has the sixth-highest rate of millennial stay-at-homers in the country. But we’re not close to touching New Jersey, where 47 percent of 18- to 34-year-olds live with mom and/or dad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-DdTZX\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/DdTZX/2/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In keeping with what we know about \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/the-withering-california-dreamby-the-numbers/\">income mobility patterns\u003c/a> across the U.S., young people in the “plains states” tend to live more independently. In North Dakota, an astonishingly low 14 percent of young people live at home. California does the worst out of all its West Coast neighbors, leading Arizona, Oregon, Washington and Nevada by a significant margin.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Homebound millennials are working -- they’re just not making enough money\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Let’s focus on older California millennials still living at home -- those in the 25-to-34 age range, who conceivably have had more time to complete schooling and enter the workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a CALmatters analysis of \u003ca href=\"https://usa.ipums.org/usa/\">American Community Survey data\u003c/a>, about 1 in 4 Californians age 25-to-34 live with their parents -- more than 1.3 million people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of this population is working or in school -- most are not lounging around idly. About 70 percent of older California millennials living with parents reported being employed in 2015. About 20 percent also report being in school (those activities are not mutually exclusive). In fact, significantly more of these Californians are enrolled in school than their counterparts elsewhere in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//e.infogr.am/employment-598438?src=embed\" title=\"Employment\" width=\"550\" height=\"717\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem lies in how much money these older millennials make. The median earned income for an older millennial living at home is around $21,000 (among those with positive earnings). That’s not chump change, and it’s slightly more than what older millennials who live at home elsewhere in the country make (around $20,000).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not a lot, and it’s less than what younger people from previous generations of Californians used to earn. In inflation-adjusted dollars, median earnings for full-time working young adult Californians have dropped by 11 percent since 1990. That follows a national pattern of wage stagnation for younger Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And leaner earnings are especially problematic for younger Californians because ...\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Most millennials living with their parents are in pricier parts of the state\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>More than 40 percent of all older California millennials living with their parents are in the greater Los Angeles metro area, one of the highest-cost rental markets in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another 10 percent are in the San Francisco-Hayward-Oakland area. According to the apartment rental listing site Zumper, a median one-bedroom apartment in Los Angeles goes for $2,090 a month, and in Oakland a one-bedroom goes for $2,060. While those prices are on the higher side of median estimates, both easily surpass the monthly take-home of the typical millennial at home with mom and dad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, even more affordable parts of the state with concentrated poverty see a large number of stay-at-homers. While sample size constraints make precise estimates unreliable, the El Centro metro area -- where a quarter of the population fall below the poverty line -- saw roughly 40 percent of its 25-to-34-year-olds live at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>But there’s more at play than just housing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to disentangle the decision to live at home from other major life choices -- especially marriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young people with a spouse are much more likely to live away from home than the unmarried. And the proportion of young unmarried Californians, much like elsewhere in the country, has grown significantly over the decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//e.infogr.am/never_married-036?src=embed\" title=\"Percent of never-married 18 to 34-year-olds\" width=\"550\" height=\"656\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But are young people postponing marriage because they’re living at home, or are they living at home because they’re postponing marriage? It’s a chicken-and-egg question for demographers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With one demographic factor you can explain pretty much the entire increase in young adults living at home—marriage,” says Fry, the Pew researcher. “But that’s not really satisfactory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The value of education in the workforce is also an important factor. Completing at least four years of college gives you an 83 percent chance of avoiding living with your parents in your late 20s and early 30s, about 8 percentage points higher than if you complete less education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So even if legislators were magically able to reduce housing costs overnight, it will still be difficult for single, young adults with lower education levels to strike out on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Hollywood Writers, Producers Reach Deal Averting Strike",
"title": "Hollywood Writers, Producers Reach Deal Averting Strike",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Hollywood writers and producers reached a tentative deal early Tuesday, averting a strike that could have crippled TV and film production and inflicted harm on the wider California economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three-year agreement, which requires ratification by members of the Writers Guild of America, was confirmed by the union and Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers spokesman Jarryd Gonzales shortly after the current contract expired early Tuesday. The deal followed a flurry of last-minute bargaining, conducted during a media blackout that offered no tangible details about whether picket lines would go up Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was a collective applause when it happened,\" said screenwriter Bert V. Royal. \"I think we’re all relieved and excited to get back to the work at hand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Travon/status/859322462240198656\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a memo to its members, the Guild said gains were made across the board, including contributions to the union's health plan that should \"ensure its solvency for years to come\" — an issue that writers considered key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Guild said it also made strides in pay for series with fewer episodes per season, and in residuals. Members overall will net $130 million more over the contract's life than they were expected to accept, according to the memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's hard to know what the figure means; The Guild said on Friday it was seeking $156 million annually in enhancements from the studios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot of messaging here,\" said Jonathan Handel, an entertainment lawyer and editor at the Hollywood Reporter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Handel said the deal includes important gains for Guild members, most notably increased contributions for health insurance and raises for TV writers. However, he said the deal does not appear to be as favorable for screenwriters, noting that \u003ca href=\"http://www.wga.org/members/membership-information/contract-2017/bulletin/\">the Guild had removed a contract bulletin from its website that talked about declining income for screenwriters.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That page is gone,\" said Handel. \"The other bulletins are still up there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The producers did not release any details regarding the agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ellenstutzman/status/859329077529858048\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement spares the late-night shows that would immediately have gone dark without writers, and allows the networks to pursue their schedules for the upcoming TV season without interruption. Movie production would have felt a strike's sting more gradually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guild members voted overwhelmingly last month to authorize a strike, and the WGA could have called for an immediate walkout Tuesday absent a deal. The previous writers' strike exacted an estimated $2 billion toll on the state. The producers group said the 2007-08 strike cost writers $287 million in lost compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russ DeVol, the chief research officer at the Milken Institute, estimated a strike of similar duration would have cost California $2.5 billion today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the 2007-08 strike, the two sides reached agreements in 2010 and 2013, but TV writers in particular have seen their earnings slide since then and wanted to claw back some of those losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving the dispute were changes in how television is distributed, with streaming platforms, including Netflix and Amazon, joining broadcast and cable TV and rising in importance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More outlets have led to more shows, but the TV season model is greatly changed. Despite the fact that there are more series than ever -- 455 this season, more than double the number six years ago -- shows run for fewer episodes than the traditional 22-24 episode broadcast series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short seasons of eight, 10 or 12 episodes means less pay for writers whose payment is structured on a per-episode basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To address that, the guild said it won additional compensation for writers who spend more than 2.4 weeks working on a script.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/sheilacalla/status/859307942176210944\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/travishelwig/status/859302117055512576\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/saraschaefer1/status/859311332021030912\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guild also touted first-time job protection for writers on parental leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That shows that there is a cultural shift that’s happening in the industry in terms of who writers are -- there are women working in the industry,\" said Miranda Banks, author of \"The Writers: A History of American Screenwriters and Their Guild.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement avoided a repeat of the 2007-08 strike, which played out in true Hollywood style. Writers took to social media to make their case, entertainingly. Stars, including Julia Louis-Dreyfus and Tina Fey, joined picket lines, and then-\"Tonight Show\" host Jay Leno brought doughnuts for strikers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Tuesday's deal was announced, writer-actress Lena Dunham said she would back a strike this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would never have had the health coverage I had without the union, and that's one of the main points in this,\" Dunham said at the Met Gala on Monday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actress Debra Winger said she would support any reasonable job action by the writers, but was mindful of the damage it would cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm thinking of all the businesses that I work with at Warner Bros. for several months out of the year and (the) restaurants, shoe repair, dry cleaners,\" Winger said during an interview promoting her new film, \"The Lovers.\" ''The last writers' strike affected the city of Los Angeles in a devastating way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Met Gala, CBS chairman and CEO Les Moonves said he was guardedly optimistic that a deal would be reached without a strike.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hollywood writers and producers reached a tentative deal early Tuesday, averting a strike that could have crippled TV and film production and inflicted harm on the wider California economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three-year agreement, which requires ratification by members of the Writers Guild of America, was confirmed by the union and Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers spokesman Jarryd Gonzales shortly after the current contract expired early Tuesday. The deal followed a flurry of last-minute bargaining, conducted during a media blackout that offered no tangible details about whether picket lines would go up Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was a collective applause when it happened,\" said screenwriter Bert V. Royal. \"I think we’re all relieved and excited to get back to the work at hand.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In a memo to its members, the Guild said gains were made across the board, including contributions to the union's health plan that should \"ensure its solvency for years to come\" — an issue that writers considered key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Guild said it also made strides in pay for series with fewer episodes per season, and in residuals. Members overall will net $130 million more over the contract's life than they were expected to accept, according to the memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's hard to know what the figure means; The Guild said on Friday it was seeking $156 million annually in enhancements from the studios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot of messaging here,\" said Jonathan Handel, an entertainment lawyer and editor at the Hollywood Reporter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Handel said the deal includes important gains for Guild members, most notably increased contributions for health insurance and raises for TV writers. However, he said the deal does not appear to be as favorable for screenwriters, noting that \u003ca href=\"http://www.wga.org/members/membership-information/contract-2017/bulletin/\">the Guild had removed a contract bulletin from its website that talked about declining income for screenwriters.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That page is gone,\" said Handel. \"The other bulletins are still up there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The producers did not release any details regarding the agreement.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The agreement spares the late-night shows that would immediately have gone dark without writers, and allows the networks to pursue their schedules for the upcoming TV season without interruption. Movie production would have felt a strike's sting more gradually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guild members voted overwhelmingly last month to authorize a strike, and the WGA could have called for an immediate walkout Tuesday absent a deal. The previous writers' strike exacted an estimated $2 billion toll on the state. The producers group said the 2007-08 strike cost writers $287 million in lost compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russ DeVol, the chief research officer at the Milken Institute, estimated a strike of similar duration would have cost California $2.5 billion today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the 2007-08 strike, the two sides reached agreements in 2010 and 2013, but TV writers in particular have seen their earnings slide since then and wanted to claw back some of those losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving the dispute were changes in how television is distributed, with streaming platforms, including Netflix and Amazon, joining broadcast and cable TV and rising in importance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More outlets have led to more shows, but the TV season model is greatly changed. Despite the fact that there are more series than ever -- 455 this season, more than double the number six years ago -- shows run for fewer episodes than the traditional 22-24 episode broadcast series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short seasons of eight, 10 or 12 episodes means less pay for writers whose payment is structured on a per-episode basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To address that, the guild said it won additional compensation for writers who spend more than 2.4 weeks working on a script.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The guild also touted first-time job protection for writers on parental leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That shows that there is a cultural shift that’s happening in the industry in terms of who writers are -- there are women working in the industry,\" said Miranda Banks, author of \"The Writers: A History of American Screenwriters and Their Guild.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement avoided a repeat of the 2007-08 strike, which played out in true Hollywood style. Writers took to social media to make their case, entertainingly. Stars, including Julia Louis-Dreyfus and Tina Fey, joined picket lines, and then-\"Tonight Show\" host Jay Leno brought doughnuts for strikers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Tuesday's deal was announced, writer-actress Lena Dunham said she would back a strike this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would never have had the health coverage I had without the union, and that's one of the main points in this,\" Dunham said at the Met Gala on Monday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actress Debra Winger said she would support any reasonable job action by the writers, but was mindful of the damage it would cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm thinking of all the businesses that I work with at Warner Bros. for several months out of the year and (the) restaurants, shoe repair, dry cleaners,\" Winger said during an interview promoting her new film, \"The Lovers.\" ''The last writers' strike affected the city of Los Angeles in a devastating way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Met Gala, CBS chairman and CEO Les Moonves said he was guardedly optimistic that a deal would be reached without a strike.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Three San Francisco art museums -- the de Young, Legion of Honor and Asian Art Museum -- are facing criticism from their security guards, who say the museums’ executives are manipulating their schedules to avoid giving the guards full-time pay and benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guards and their representatives from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.seiu1021.org/\">Service Employees International Union Local 1021\u003c/a> (SEIU 1021) told the Government Audit and Oversight Committee of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors on Friday that the museums are intentionally giving security guards 35-hour workweeks rather than the typical 40-hour workweek that other city employees receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.famsf.org/\">Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, \u003c/a>which represents the de Young and Legion of Honor, said the matter is between the union and the city since the security guards are city employees. She also said the museum “absolutely refuses any allegations of misconduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the city allocates money for the security guards, about half of the guards are paid by a private party, according to the SEIU 1021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theresa Rutherford, who represents the guards through SEIU’s Northern California chapter, says the problem stems from institutionalized racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco prides itself on being at the forefront of the fight for justice and therefore must stop this injustice, which allows the museum guards to be treated differently,” Rutherford said. “They must be restored to 40 hours like everybody else who works for the city. They are not deserving of less, and they are equal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alysabeth Alexander, vice president of politics for SEIU’s Local 1021, alluded to the 150th anniversary of the eight-hour workday on May 1, or May Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over 50 percent of our workers, because of their part-time situation, are forced to find second jobs or compete for overtime [pay] because they are not able to get the 40-hour workweek,” Alexander said. “So, they do not have the eight-hour day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 35-hour workweek was agreed upon by the union and the city in 2012 so shifts would correspond with the number of hours the museum was open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just seems kind of insane to ask that, just because the museum is only open for seven hours, why pay us for eight? I work in an industry that is 24/7,” said Timothy Sullivan, who has been a security guard for the Asian Art Museum for nearly 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee concluded by stating it would introduce a new hearing on Tuesday to begin resolving the matter and to discuss bargaining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I certainly agree with many of the points that SEIU 1021 brought up, and I would like to see the security guards move up to 40 hours a week,” Supervisor Jane Kim said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Three San Francisco art museums -- the de Young, Legion of Honor and Asian Art Museum -- are facing criticism from their security guards, who say the museums’ executives are manipulating their schedules to avoid giving the guards full-time pay and benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guards and their representatives from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.seiu1021.org/\">Service Employees International Union Local 1021\u003c/a> (SEIU 1021) told the Government Audit and Oversight Committee of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors on Friday that the museums are intentionally giving security guards 35-hour workweeks rather than the typical 40-hour workweek that other city employees receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.famsf.org/\">Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, \u003c/a>which represents the de Young and Legion of Honor, said the matter is between the union and the city since the security guards are city employees. She also said the museum “absolutely refuses any allegations of misconduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the city allocates money for the security guards, about half of the guards are paid by a private party, according to the SEIU 1021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theresa Rutherford, who represents the guards through SEIU’s Northern California chapter, says the problem stems from institutionalized racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco prides itself on being at the forefront of the fight for justice and therefore must stop this injustice, which allows the museum guards to be treated differently,” Rutherford said. “They must be restored to 40 hours like everybody else who works for the city. They are not deserving of less, and they are equal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alysabeth Alexander, vice president of politics for SEIU’s Local 1021, alluded to the 150th anniversary of the eight-hour workday on May 1, or May Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over 50 percent of our workers, because of their part-time situation, are forced to find second jobs or compete for overtime [pay] because they are not able to get the 40-hour workweek,” Alexander said. “So, they do not have the eight-hour day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 35-hour workweek was agreed upon by the union and the city in 2012 so shifts would correspond with the number of hours the museum was open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just seems kind of insane to ask that, just because the museum is only open for seven hours, why pay us for eight? I work in an industry that is 24/7,” said Timothy Sullivan, who has been a security guard for the Asian Art Museum for nearly 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee concluded by stating it would introduce a new hearing on Tuesday to begin resolving the matter and to discuss bargaining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I certainly agree with many of the points that SEIU 1021 brought up, and I would like to see the security guards move up to 40 hours a week,” Supervisor Jane Kim said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the rolling hills above the farm community of Santa Paula, acres and acres of avocado and citrus trees spread out like a postcard from California's small-farm past. This is a rural area, but people here aren't Donald Trump voters -- Santa Paula voted 2-1 against him. The town of 30,000 in Ventura County is largely Latino, with an economy based on agriculture -- an economy that depends on immigrant workers, many of them undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first meet Luis, he's standing on top of a ladder in an avocado tree, cutting fruit for harvest. He collects up to 80 pounds of avocados in a canvas sack on his back, then climbs down and lugs it to a collection bin, dumping the fruit with a rumble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a pretty nice workout,” he jokes. Then he starts back up the tree for another round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363911\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11363911 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Ventura County is one of the United States' top agricultural producers, growing citrus, avocados and strawberries sold nationwide. According to the Ventura County farm bureau, as many as 36,000 field workers bring the harvest in every season -- almost all of them immigrants.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ventura County is one of the United States' top agricultural producers, growing citrus, avocados and strawberries sold nationwide. According to the Ventura County farm bureau, as many as 36,000 field workers bring the harvest in every season -- almost all of them immigrants. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's his fourth year on the harvest, and like many workers in Ventura County, Luis is an undocumented immigrant from Mexico. I'm identifying him only by his first name over fears he could be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work like a lot of people,\" he says, “We don't have papers. We cross the border, they say, 'illegally.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he likes his job, and he's good at it. That's why the farm, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/seller/brokaw-ranch-company\">Brokaw Ranch Co.\u003c/a>, wants to keep him and the rest of the contracted crew he works on.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor.'\u003ccite>Ellen Brokaw, Brokaw Ranch owner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Brokaw Ranch manager Jose Alcaraz explains it's hard to find harvest crews who can work quickly and efficiently, and it's time-consuming to train new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have a good crew, we don't want to lose it,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcaraz is a U.S. citizen now, but decades ago he came to Santa Paula from Mexico just like Luis. So, he understands why farmworkers are worried about President Trump -- farming businesses are worried, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in the same boat,” he says. “We need each other, so we are concerned -- if they are concerned, we are concerned, too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"rectangular\" ids=\"11363918,11363919,11363904\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's promises to deport people in the country without authorization have people on edge, especially in California agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ventura County's farm bureau estimates there are about 36,000 immigrant workers, many of them undocumented, bringing in the county's $2 billion harvest. According to an estimate by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.farmworkerfamily.org/\">Center for Farmworker Families\u003c/a>, about 75 percent of California's agricultural workers are unauthorized immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But authorization or not, farms need workers, and they were scraping to find them even before Trump's election. Field work is hard, and the pay's not great -- about $12 an hour to start, although fast, experienced crews like Luis' can earn up to $20 an hour on a piecework rate. But it's hot, dirty, physical work, and farms all over the country have struggled to find legal workers willing to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ujgqEGdx4Ucr1zJN37MDbFfBHC7zDLzI\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranch owner Ellen Brokaw says she's tried to hire U.S. workers, as part of federal rules linked to a guest worker program she has turned to since the labor supply started to dry up. But she says U.S.-born workers don't want the jobs, and so she depends on immigrants to keep the business going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some people apply, but almost never do any of them stay. So there's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If mass deportations hit Santa Paula, she and Alcaraz both say Brokaw Ranch would lose much of its harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would have to abandon most of our crops,\" Brokaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brokaw says what agriculture here needs is \"humane and reasonable\" immigration reform. Instead, with Trump in the White House, Santa Paula and other farm communities are worried he'll deport their workforce, who also happen to be their neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363913\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11363913 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Ellen Brokaw owns Brokaw Ranch Company, which produces avocados, oranges, lemons, and other fruits in Ventura County. “There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,” she says.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ellen Brokaw owns Brokaw Ranch Co., which produces avocados, oranges, lemons and other fruits in Ventura County. 'There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,' she says. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Anybody who gets stopped or confronted who doesn't have papers is vulnerable. It's an awful way to live, under that shadow.\" Brokaw says, adding that the threat of raids is disruptive to a community of which undocumented workers are “absolutely, absolutely” a part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These people who are here cultivating and harvesting our crops are hard-working people who just want to live safely and support their families. And the way in which they are demonized is ... deeply distressing. And totally inaccurate,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rumors of raids have been flying, and there already have been arrests reported in nearby communities. Alcaraz says people in Santa Paula are scared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"JDb1XvQiTA3KOtw8x1KBZdTxXx8IU0Gz\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they're preparing for the worst. Local community groups are doing outreach, setting up town hall meetings with lawyers and advocates to make sure undocumented people know their rights. One group has set up a text alert system to warn of ICE raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he hauls yet another sack of avocados, Luis says he's keeping his head down and staying on the right side of the law as much as he can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm trying to do good, you know? Because I'm planning to live my whole life right here,\" he says. \"I really like it. California's a pretty good state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with a wave, he heads off back to work.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the rolling hills above the farm community of Santa Paula, acres and acres of avocado and citrus trees spread out like a postcard from California's small-farm past. This is a rural area, but people here aren't Donald Trump voters -- Santa Paula voted 2-1 against him. The town of 30,000 in Ventura County is largely Latino, with an economy based on agriculture -- an economy that depends on immigrant workers, many of them undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first meet Luis, he's standing on top of a ladder in an avocado tree, cutting fruit for harvest. He collects up to 80 pounds of avocados in a canvas sack on his back, then climbs down and lugs it to a collection bin, dumping the fruit with a rumble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a pretty nice workout,” he jokes. Then he starts back up the tree for another round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363911\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11363911 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Ventura County is one of the United States' top agricultural producers, growing citrus, avocados and strawberries sold nationwide. According to the Ventura County farm bureau, as many as 36,000 field workers bring the harvest in every season -- almost all of them immigrants.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ventura County is one of the United States' top agricultural producers, growing citrus, avocados and strawberries sold nationwide. According to the Ventura County farm bureau, as many as 36,000 field workers bring the harvest in every season -- almost all of them immigrants. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's his fourth year on the harvest, and like many workers in Ventura County, Luis is an undocumented immigrant from Mexico. I'm identifying him only by his first name over fears he could be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work like a lot of people,\" he says, “We don't have papers. We cross the border, they say, 'illegally.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he likes his job, and he's good at it. That's why the farm, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/seller/brokaw-ranch-company\">Brokaw Ranch Co.\u003c/a>, wants to keep him and the rest of the contracted crew he works on.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor.'\u003ccite>Ellen Brokaw, Brokaw Ranch owner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Brokaw Ranch manager Jose Alcaraz explains it's hard to find harvest crews who can work quickly and efficiently, and it's time-consuming to train new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have a good crew, we don't want to lose it,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcaraz is a U.S. citizen now, but decades ago he came to Santa Paula from Mexico just like Luis. So, he understands why farmworkers are worried about President Trump -- farming businesses are worried, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in the same boat,” he says. “We need each other, so we are concerned -- if they are concerned, we are concerned, too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's promises to deport people in the country without authorization have people on edge, especially in California agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ventura County's farm bureau estimates there are about 36,000 immigrant workers, many of them undocumented, bringing in the county's $2 billion harvest. According to an estimate by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.farmworkerfamily.org/\">Center for Farmworker Families\u003c/a>, about 75 percent of California's agricultural workers are unauthorized immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But authorization or not, farms need workers, and they were scraping to find them even before Trump's election. Field work is hard, and the pay's not great -- about $12 an hour to start, although fast, experienced crews like Luis' can earn up to $20 an hour on a piecework rate. But it's hot, dirty, physical work, and farms all over the country have struggled to find legal workers willing to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranch owner Ellen Brokaw says she's tried to hire U.S. workers, as part of federal rules linked to a guest worker program she has turned to since the labor supply started to dry up. But she says U.S.-born workers don't want the jobs, and so she depends on immigrants to keep the business going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some people apply, but almost never do any of them stay. So there's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If mass deportations hit Santa Paula, she and Alcaraz both say Brokaw Ranch would lose much of its harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would have to abandon most of our crops,\" Brokaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brokaw says what agriculture here needs is \"humane and reasonable\" immigration reform. Instead, with Trump in the White House, Santa Paula and other farm communities are worried he'll deport their workforce, who also happen to be their neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363913\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11363913 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Ellen Brokaw owns Brokaw Ranch Company, which produces avocados, oranges, lemons, and other fruits in Ventura County. “There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,” she says.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ellen Brokaw owns Brokaw Ranch Co., which produces avocados, oranges, lemons and other fruits in Ventura County. 'There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,' she says. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Anybody who gets stopped or confronted who doesn't have papers is vulnerable. It's an awful way to live, under that shadow.\" Brokaw says, adding that the threat of raids is disruptive to a community of which undocumented workers are “absolutely, absolutely” a part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These people who are here cultivating and harvesting our crops are hard-working people who just want to live safely and support their families. And the way in which they are demonized is ... deeply distressing. And totally inaccurate,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rumors of raids have been flying, and there already have been arrests reported in nearby communities. Alcaraz says people in Santa Paula are scared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they're preparing for the worst. Local community groups are doing outreach, setting up town hall meetings with lawyers and advocates to make sure undocumented people know their rights. One group has set up a text alert system to warn of ICE raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he hauls yet another sack of avocados, Luis says he's keeping his head down and staying on the right side of the law as much as he can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm trying to do good, you know? Because I'm planning to live my whole life right here,\" he says. \"I really like it. California's a pretty good state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with a wave, he heads off back to work.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Nail Salon Workers Gain Support, Protection From Chemical Exposure",
"title": "Nail Salon Workers Gain Support, Protection From Chemical Exposure",
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"content": "\u003cp>It was the swag bags that convinced community health organizer Julia Liou to redraw the battle plan in a fight to reduce the hazardous chemical exposures of nail-salon workers, most of them low-paid Asian immigrant women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2005, Liou watched at California's state Capitol as dozens of lobbyists gave away bags of lipsticks and other beauty goodies to excited legislative staffers. It was part of the beauty and chemical industries' effort to defeat a bill to ban one of the thousands of industrial compounds used to make manicures and pedicures prettier and longer lasting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liou and her colleagues lost on that bill. But the state Capitol cluster swag emerged as a defining lesson for Liou, underscoring how hard it would always be to go lobbyist-for-lobbyist against the U.S. beauty industry, with its $62 billion in estimated revenue last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That episode has given rise to a San Francisco Bay Area grass-roots campaign of salon workers, health workers and local officials that has taken hold in California and is gaining increasing national support and recognition from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I realized we need to bring the voices of the community there ... to really articulate what was really happening, what workers were experiencing on the health side,\" said Liou, development director of Asian Health Services, a clinic and outreach program in Oakland's Chinatown where staffers first took note more than a decade ago of how many nail-salon workers were dealing with cancer, headaches, miscarriages and other health problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, the California Healthy Nail Salon Collaborative that Liou co-founded has spearheaded a California effort to reduce the toxicants that salon workers touch and breathe. Cities and counties taking part in the program certify salon owners who voluntarily ban suspect ingredients and nail products and who provide proper ventilation, gloves and masks for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, California lawmakers passed legislation supporting the certification program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health complaints voiced by the country's more than 400,000 nail-salon workers, mostly immigrants from Vietnam, the Philippines, South Korea and other Asian countries and many with limited English or political experience, have gotten more attention over the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In New York, Gov. Andrew Cuomo has mandated ventilation systems and other measures to reduce chemical exposure in nail salons. Some businesses and local groups around the U.S. have tried self-certifying healthy nail salons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California's voluntary program stands out for the local government certification and for giving salon owners and workers the say on what health measures salons could best afford, as well as the training and encouragement to speak out on their health concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One morning this winter, TV crews, salon workers and state and federal officials crowded inside a storefront nail salon in Alameda. The gathering celebrated the salon as one of the newest of 143 in the Bay Area and Santa Monica to win local government certification as a healthy salon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the sidewalk outside, the owner of another salon, Van Nguyen, stood and cried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In support of the program, Nguyen had told California policymakers of miscarriages she suffered and the debilitating skin ailments that plagued a son she carried to full term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having earlier won certification for her own San Francisco nail parlor, Nguyen, 46, was proud she had spoken out to protect other workers. But she mourned the harm she believes she did to her offspring through long days working with glues, removers and polishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had misfortune, but I did the best I can,\" Nguyen said. \"I don't want anyone else to suffer like me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beauty-product trade groups and chemical makers deny the ingredients targeted by healthy-salon programs, including formaldehyde and other chemicals known or believed to cause cancer or other harm, are dangerous at the levels used in products.\u003cbr>\nRegardless, leading manufacturers already have removed many chemicals most cited by critics, said Lisa Powers, spokeswoman for the Personal Care Products Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, these ingredients provide a small and harmless part of what's in nail polish, said Linda Loretz, the council's chief toxicologist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A chemical gets a bad name in a very simplistic way,\" as opposed to risk-based science, Loretz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics counter that the country's scientific and medical communities have failed to study any long-term threat from the industrial compounds that salon workers may work with daily for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's Department of Toxic Substances Control opened hearings this month to examine the safety of some of the most frequently questioned ingredients in nail polishes and other products. Karl Palmer, chief of the department's branch for safer consumer products, said the hearings could lead to recommendations for safer alternatives or other state action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA awarded the California program a $120,000 grant in part because it believes the model could expand nationally, said Matthew Tejada, director of the agency's office of environmental justice.\u003cbr>\nThe involvement of salon workers was critical to their success, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're not looking to just make a policy critique on some intangible philosophical point,\" Tejada said. \"They're trying to make their lives better.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It was the swag bags that convinced community health organizer Julia Liou to redraw the battle plan in a fight to reduce the hazardous chemical exposures of nail-salon workers, most of them low-paid Asian immigrant women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2005, Liou watched at California's state Capitol as dozens of lobbyists gave away bags of lipsticks and other beauty goodies to excited legislative staffers. It was part of the beauty and chemical industries' effort to defeat a bill to ban one of the thousands of industrial compounds used to make manicures and pedicures prettier and longer lasting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liou and her colleagues lost on that bill. But the state Capitol cluster swag emerged as a defining lesson for Liou, underscoring how hard it would always be to go lobbyist-for-lobbyist against the U.S. beauty industry, with its $62 billion in estimated revenue last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That episode has given rise to a San Francisco Bay Area grass-roots campaign of salon workers, health workers and local officials that has taken hold in California and is gaining increasing national support and recognition from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I realized we need to bring the voices of the community there ... to really articulate what was really happening, what workers were experiencing on the health side,\" said Liou, development director of Asian Health Services, a clinic and outreach program in Oakland's Chinatown where staffers first took note more than a decade ago of how many nail-salon workers were dealing with cancer, headaches, miscarriages and other health problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, the California Healthy Nail Salon Collaborative that Liou co-founded has spearheaded a California effort to reduce the toxicants that salon workers touch and breathe. Cities and counties taking part in the program certify salon owners who voluntarily ban suspect ingredients and nail products and who provide proper ventilation, gloves and masks for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, California lawmakers passed legislation supporting the certification program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health complaints voiced by the country's more than 400,000 nail-salon workers, mostly immigrants from Vietnam, the Philippines, South Korea and other Asian countries and many with limited English or political experience, have gotten more attention over the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In New York, Gov. Andrew Cuomo has mandated ventilation systems and other measures to reduce chemical exposure in nail salons. Some businesses and local groups around the U.S. have tried self-certifying healthy nail salons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California's voluntary program stands out for the local government certification and for giving salon owners and workers the say on what health measures salons could best afford, as well as the training and encouragement to speak out on their health concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One morning this winter, TV crews, salon workers and state and federal officials crowded inside a storefront nail salon in Alameda. The gathering celebrated the salon as one of the newest of 143 in the Bay Area and Santa Monica to win local government certification as a healthy salon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the sidewalk outside, the owner of another salon, Van Nguyen, stood and cried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In support of the program, Nguyen had told California policymakers of miscarriages she suffered and the debilitating skin ailments that plagued a son she carried to full term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having earlier won certification for her own San Francisco nail parlor, Nguyen, 46, was proud she had spoken out to protect other workers. But she mourned the harm she believes she did to her offspring through long days working with glues, removers and polishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had misfortune, but I did the best I can,\" Nguyen said. \"I don't want anyone else to suffer like me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beauty-product trade groups and chemical makers deny the ingredients targeted by healthy-salon programs, including formaldehyde and other chemicals known or believed to cause cancer or other harm, are dangerous at the levels used in products.\u003cbr>\nRegardless, leading manufacturers already have removed many chemicals most cited by critics, said Lisa Powers, spokeswoman for the Personal Care Products Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, these ingredients provide a small and harmless part of what's in nail polish, said Linda Loretz, the council's chief toxicologist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A chemical gets a bad name in a very simplistic way,\" as opposed to risk-based science, Loretz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics counter that the country's scientific and medical communities have failed to study any long-term threat from the industrial compounds that salon workers may work with daily for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's Department of Toxic Substances Control opened hearings this month to examine the safety of some of the most frequently questioned ingredients in nail polishes and other products. Karl Palmer, chief of the department's branch for safer consumer products, said the hearings could lead to recommendations for safer alternatives or other state action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA awarded the California program a $120,000 grant in part because it believes the model could expand nationally, said Matthew Tejada, director of the agency's office of environmental justice.\u003cbr>\nThe involvement of salon workers was critical to their success, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're not looking to just make a policy critique on some intangible philosophical point,\" Tejada said. \"They're trying to make their lives better.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Only one time before has CEO Andy Ruben seen his co-workers so distracted by the news, and that was a very different situation: 9/11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruben is CEO of Yerdle, a San Francisco company that helps retailers resell used products. Since the election of Donald Trump and subsequent political turmoil, Ruben said it has been hard to keep his workers focused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their general feeling about the world right now is absolutely affecting their ability to show up and be productive at work,” Ruben said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/310380342″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much of an impact are we talking about here? Well, that’s a tough thing for businesses to measure. Kris Duggan wanted to get a concrete answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘This is like a whole new world of distraction.’ \u003ccite>Kris Duggan, CEO of BetterWorks\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Duggan is CEO of BetterWorks, which develops software to manage employee performance. Since the election, even his own employees have been unfocused. “This is like a whole new world of distraction,” Duggan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of recharging on weekends, like good worker bees, employees are out protesting. At work they are posting on social media and debating with colleagues. To try to quantify this distraction, Duggan commissioned the consultancy firm Wakefield Research to do a \u003ca href=\"https://blog.betterworks.com/feeling-distracted-politics-29-employees-less-productive-u-s-election/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national survey of 500 full-time employees\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The results were shocking,” Duggan said. “We found that 87 percent of employees are reading political social media posts during the workday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey found that workers on average are spending two hours reading or talking about political news at work. For some employees it’s three or four hours a day. And it’s not just liberals in the Bay Area. People from across the political spectrum and across the country have become news junkies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey was conducted by Nathan Richter. He said interest in political news normally peaks around the election season, but he has never seen anything like this. “This is a whole new mountain rising out of the ocean and kind of towering over the landscape,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s most surprising, Richter said, is how current events have changed corporate culture. People are now talking politics at work, and not just with co-workers. According to the survey, nearly a third of respondents have talked to a client or customer about politics. More than a third have talked to a boss or a manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s insanity,” Richter said. “Most career coaches, I think, would tell you to change the topic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even employees who are not posting or talking about politics on the job are still distracted by it. Take Amanda Delzell, an employee at BetterWorks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delzell said she had never made a political post on social media before the election. She didn’t want to be “that person,” the one who is always opining on social media. But all of that changed Nov. 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delzell has friends and family on both sides of the political divide. She could not believe what some of them were posting on social media after the election. She could restrain herself no longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delzell began commenting, arguing and crafting elaborate responses in her head. It was exhausting and damaging to her mental well-being. Literally. It started bringing back some of the anxiety she had overcome years ago with therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the height of all this I was experiencing anxiety attack symptoms again,” Delzell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she’s not the only one. According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/post-election-stress-disorder-sweeps-nation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PBS and Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>, many people have been suffering anxiety since the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘I’ll typically be awake at 3 or 4 in the morning catching up on these articles.’ \u003ccite>Christine Nguyen Vaeth, BetterWorks employee\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Her co-worker, Christine Nguyen Vaeth, is losing sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She stays up reading all the news she missed at work. “I’ll typically be awake at 3 or 4 in the morning catching up on these articles,’ Nguyen Vaeth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, a good night’s sleep will make her less groggy at work. But Nguyen Vaeth said it’s our responsibility as citizens to be informed — especially now, when there is so much at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a boss you can’t stop people from reacting to what’s happening in the world, said Yerdle CEO Andy Ruben.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Clamping down and trying to deny people the way that they’re feeling outside of work would be counterproductive,” Ruben said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he wants to keep his staff efficient. But he said it’s important to remember that people spend a lot of their time at work, and they need a place to discuss what’s on their minds. And right now, there is a lot on their minds.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Only one time before has CEO Andy Ruben seen his co-workers so distracted by the news, and that was a very different situation: 9/11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruben is CEO of Yerdle, a San Francisco company that helps retailers resell used products. Since the election of Donald Trump and subsequent political turmoil, Ruben said it has been hard to keep his workers focused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their general feeling about the world right now is absolutely affecting their ability to show up and be productive at work,” Ruben said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/310380342″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/310380342″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much of an impact are we talking about here? Well, that’s a tough thing for businesses to measure. Kris Duggan wanted to get a concrete answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘This is like a whole new world of distraction.’ \u003ccite>Kris Duggan, CEO of BetterWorks\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Duggan is CEO of BetterWorks, which develops software to manage employee performance. Since the election, even his own employees have been unfocused. “This is like a whole new world of distraction,” Duggan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of recharging on weekends, like good worker bees, employees are out protesting. At work they are posting on social media and debating with colleagues. To try to quantify this distraction, Duggan commissioned the consultancy firm Wakefield Research to do a \u003ca href=\"https://blog.betterworks.com/feeling-distracted-politics-29-employees-less-productive-u-s-election/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national survey of 500 full-time employees\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The results were shocking,” Duggan said. “We found that 87 percent of employees are reading political social media posts during the workday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey found that workers on average are spending two hours reading or talking about political news at work. For some employees it’s three or four hours a day. And it’s not just liberals in the Bay Area. People from across the political spectrum and across the country have become news junkies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey was conducted by Nathan Richter. He said interest in political news normally peaks around the election season, but he has never seen anything like this. “This is a whole new mountain rising out of the ocean and kind of towering over the landscape,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s most surprising, Richter said, is how current events have changed corporate culture. People are now talking politics at work, and not just with co-workers. According to the survey, nearly a third of respondents have talked to a client or customer about politics. More than a third have talked to a boss or a manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s insanity,” Richter said. “Most career coaches, I think, would tell you to change the topic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even employees who are not posting or talking about politics on the job are still distracted by it. Take Amanda Delzell, an employee at BetterWorks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delzell said she had never made a political post on social media before the election. She didn’t want to be “that person,” the one who is always opining on social media. But all of that changed Nov. 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delzell has friends and family on both sides of the political divide. She could not believe what some of them were posting on social media after the election. She could restrain herself no longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delzell began commenting, arguing and crafting elaborate responses in her head. It was exhausting and damaging to her mental well-being. Literally. It started bringing back some of the anxiety she had overcome years ago with therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the height of all this I was experiencing anxiety attack symptoms again,” Delzell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she’s not the only one. According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/post-election-stress-disorder-sweeps-nation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PBS and Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>, many people have been suffering anxiety since the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘I’ll typically be awake at 3 or 4 in the morning catching up on these articles.’ \u003ccite>Christine Nguyen Vaeth, BetterWorks employee\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Her co-worker, Christine Nguyen Vaeth, is losing sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She stays up reading all the news she missed at work. “I’ll typically be awake at 3 or 4 in the morning catching up on these articles,’ Nguyen Vaeth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, a good night’s sleep will make her less groggy at work. But Nguyen Vaeth said it’s our responsibility as citizens to be informed — especially now, when there is so much at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a boss you can’t stop people from reacting to what’s happening in the world, said Yerdle CEO Andy Ruben.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Clamping down and trying to deny people the way that they’re feeling outside of work would be counterproductive,” Ruben said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he wants to keep his staff efficient. But he said it’s important to remember that people spend a lot of their time at work, and they need a place to discuss what’s on their minds. And right now, there is a lot on their minds.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Less than 24 hours after President Trump’s first choice for U.S. secretary of Labor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/15/trump-labor-nominee-andrew-puzder-withdraws-first-cabinet-pick-to-fall/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dropped out of the running\u003c/a>, Trump introduced Florida attorney and former National Labor Relations Board member \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHNiVvpcrgs\">Andrew Acosta \u003c/a>as his next pick to be the nation’s top labor chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acosta, dean of \u003ca href=\"https://law.fiu.edu/\">Florida International University’s law school\u003c/a>, is the first Latino to be nominated for a cabinet position in the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2003, the Harvard-educated Republican was appointed by President George W. Bush to be the assistant attorney general for the Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some labor groups in California said they are cautiously optimistic about the new choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11319956\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11319956 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-800x950.jpg\" alt=\"Andrew Acosta, dean of Florida International University’s law school, is President Trump's new pick for Labor secretary.\" width=\"800\" height=\"950\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-800x950.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-160x190.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-1020x1212.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-1180x1402.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-960x1141.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-240x285.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-375x446.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-520x618.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew Acosta, dean of Florida International University’s law school, is President Trump’s new pick for Labor secretary. \u003ccite>(Florida International University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“At the very least we know Mr. Acosta has some experience with labor law. And we’re hoping that he’s able to answer some very tough questions about protecting workers, and the role of the secretary of Labor,” said California Labor Federation spokesman Steve Smith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re reserving judgment for the time being until those questions are asked and answered. But certainly this is light years away from where we were last week with Puzder.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s first choice for the cabinet post, \u003ca href=\"http://andy.puzder.com/\">Andrew Puzder,\u003c/a> had become mired in personal scandals and controversies over treatment of employees working in the fast food chains overseen by Puzder’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ckr.com/about.html\">CKE Restaurants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder started building his vast fast food empire as chief of Southern California-based Carl’s Jr. The Missouri-born former trial attorney took the company way beyond its humble hotdog cart origins to build\u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/company-741487-puzder-carl.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> CKE Restaurants\u003c/a> which now also includes the Hardee’s and Green Burrito chains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His confirmation hearing had been postponed for months as Puzder apparently struggled to disentangle himself from his financial holdings and deal with mounting opposition from labor groups and even some within the Republican ranks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Puzder prepared for this week’s scuttled confirmation hearing, graphic details of alleged spousal abuse from the 1980s resurfaced. And scores of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zuqV4XfARMQ\">protesters rallied outside Carl’s Jr restaurants\u003c/a> from Anaheim to New York opposing his confirmation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor activists are especially aggrieved over Puzder’s opposition to minimum wage hikes and workplace violations racked up by CKE Restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His entire record as a business man is about undermining and ignoring those very legal protections that he’d be in position to enforce (as U.S. Labor Secretary) and that makes him uniquely unqualified to be labor secretary,” said Roxana Tynan director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.laane.org/\">Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy \u003c/a>upon hearing news of Puzder’s withdrawal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re really glad that that message got through to at least some of the senators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11320153\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-800x493.jpg\" alt=\"Fast-food workers protest Andrew Puzder Labor secretary nominee on January 26, 2017 in Los Angeles.\" width=\"800\" height=\"493\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11320153\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-1020x628.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-1180x727.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-960x592.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-240x148.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-375x231.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-520x320.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fast-food workers protest Andrew Puzder Labor secretary nominee on January 26, 2017 in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Puzder pulled out of the running when it was clear he may not have enough Republican votes to be confirmed. He is the first major Trump cabinet nominee to withdraw before a confirmation hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview earlier this week former \u003ca href=\"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/james_talent/300096\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Republican Senator Jim Talent\u003c/a> of Missouri seemed confident of confirmation despite the mounting trouble. Talent was helping Puzder, a long-time friend, prepare for what was sure to be a bruising hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the people opposing him now are in a year or two going to say; this guy is a lot better than we thought because he’s an honest and caring person and he’s going to enforce the law and do everything he can to create jobs and I think a lot of people in Washington are going to like that,” said Talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder relocated to Southern California from St. Louis in the 1990s, hired by Carl’s Jr founder\u003ca href=\"http://www.ckr.com/about_history.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Carl Karcher\u003c/a> to help get the franchise back on solid financial footing. The conservative, anti-abortion Catholic was eventually named CEO. He’s credited with expanding its fleet of restaurants and overseeing a controversial ad campaign featuring half-naked girls chowing down on dripping Carl’s Jr burgers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder was also a frequent guest on cable news programs offering conservative analysis and opinion on various issues including opposition to a higher federal minimum wage and President Barack Obama’s Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at home in the tony, celebrity studded community of Montecito along the Santa Barbara Coast, Puzder flew under the radar. Several local Republicans contacted for this story were either unaware that Puzder lived in their midst or rarely saw him around town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Puzder pulled up stakes and relocated his family to Tennessee. He also closed CKE corporate offices near Santa Barbara. Probably for the best, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.independent.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Barbara Independent \u003c/a>newspaper columnist \u003ca href=\"http://www.independent.com/staff/nick-welsh/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nick Welsh\u003c/a>. Puzder’s cultivated bubble of privacy was probably about to burst wide open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sort of cynical joke about Santa Barbara is; oh it’s Saturday, let’s go to the farmers market, let’s have brunch and then we’re going to go protest Trump,” laughs Welsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pudzer would have been a very good target for anti-trump demonstrations; people would have been in front of his house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder also clashed with many Republicans over his views on immigration. Earlier this month he acknowledged hiring an undocumented housekeeper to work at his Montecito home. Puzder says he fired the woman after discovering her immigration status, paid back taxes related to her employment and claims he also offered to assist her adjust her legal status. Puzder says she declined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That and Puzder’s long-running support of immigration reform made him a target for immigration hardliners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we were able to hire people who are currently here illegally, if there were a way to change their status so that they are here illegally that would be a big benefit to us and to everybody else that has to hire workers in that category,” said Puzder during a talk a the conservative American Enterprise Institute in Washington D.C. four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aggressively business friendly, multi-millionaire tied the rising fortunes of low wage workers to the rising tide of business, which he saw as being hamstring by over burdensome regulations and union organizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder also plowed hundreds of thousands of dollars in donations to various conservative causes and politicians. But he was initially reluctant to endorse candidate Donald Trump, until Mr. Trump had secured the Republican presidential nomination. He then backed that endorsement with campaign contributions topping $250,000.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Less than 24 hours after President Trump’s first choice for U.S. secretary of Labor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/15/trump-labor-nominee-andrew-puzder-withdraws-first-cabinet-pick-to-fall/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dropped out of the running\u003c/a>, Trump introduced Florida attorney and former National Labor Relations Board member \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHNiVvpcrgs\">Andrew Acosta \u003c/a>as his next pick to be the nation’s top labor chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acosta, dean of \u003ca href=\"https://law.fiu.edu/\">Florida International University’s law school\u003c/a>, is the first Latino to be nominated for a cabinet position in the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2003, the Harvard-educated Republican was appointed by President George W. Bush to be the assistant attorney general for the Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some labor groups in California said they are cautiously optimistic about the new choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11319956\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11319956 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-800x950.jpg\" alt=\"Andrew Acosta, dean of Florida International University’s law school, is President Trump's new pick for Labor secretary.\" width=\"800\" height=\"950\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-800x950.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-160x190.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-1020x1212.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-1180x1402.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-960x1141.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-240x285.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-375x446.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PUZDER-Acosta-FIU-520x618.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew Acosta, dean of Florida International University’s law school, is President Trump’s new pick for Labor secretary. \u003ccite>(Florida International University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“At the very least we know Mr. Acosta has some experience with labor law. And we’re hoping that he’s able to answer some very tough questions about protecting workers, and the role of the secretary of Labor,” said California Labor Federation spokesman Steve Smith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re reserving judgment for the time being until those questions are asked and answered. But certainly this is light years away from where we were last week with Puzder.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s first choice for the cabinet post, \u003ca href=\"http://andy.puzder.com/\">Andrew Puzder,\u003c/a> had become mired in personal scandals and controversies over treatment of employees working in the fast food chains overseen by Puzder’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ckr.com/about.html\">CKE Restaurants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder started building his vast fast food empire as chief of Southern California-based Carl’s Jr. The Missouri-born former trial attorney took the company way beyond its humble hotdog cart origins to build\u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/company-741487-puzder-carl.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> CKE Restaurants\u003c/a> which now also includes the Hardee’s and Green Burrito chains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His confirmation hearing had been postponed for months as Puzder apparently struggled to disentangle himself from his financial holdings and deal with mounting opposition from labor groups and even some within the Republican ranks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Puzder prepared for this week’s scuttled confirmation hearing, graphic details of alleged spousal abuse from the 1980s resurfaced. And scores of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zuqV4XfARMQ\">protesters rallied outside Carl’s Jr restaurants\u003c/a> from Anaheim to New York opposing his confirmation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor activists are especially aggrieved over Puzder’s opposition to minimum wage hikes and workplace violations racked up by CKE Restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His entire record as a business man is about undermining and ignoring those very legal protections that he’d be in position to enforce (as U.S. Labor Secretary) and that makes him uniquely unqualified to be labor secretary,” said Roxana Tynan director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.laane.org/\">Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy \u003c/a>upon hearing news of Puzder’s withdrawal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re really glad that that message got through to at least some of the senators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11320153\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-800x493.jpg\" alt=\"Fast-food workers protest Andrew Puzder Labor secretary nominee on January 26, 2017 in Los Angeles.\" width=\"800\" height=\"493\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11320153\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-1020x628.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-1180x727.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-960x592.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-240x148.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-375x231.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PuzderProtest-520x320.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fast-food workers protest Andrew Puzder Labor secretary nominee on January 26, 2017 in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Puzder pulled out of the running when it was clear he may not have enough Republican votes to be confirmed. He is the first major Trump cabinet nominee to withdraw before a confirmation hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview earlier this week former \u003ca href=\"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/james_talent/300096\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Republican Senator Jim Talent\u003c/a> of Missouri seemed confident of confirmation despite the mounting trouble. Talent was helping Puzder, a long-time friend, prepare for what was sure to be a bruising hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the people opposing him now are in a year or two going to say; this guy is a lot better than we thought because he’s an honest and caring person and he’s going to enforce the law and do everything he can to create jobs and I think a lot of people in Washington are going to like that,” said Talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder relocated to Southern California from St. Louis in the 1990s, hired by Carl’s Jr founder\u003ca href=\"http://www.ckr.com/about_history.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Carl Karcher\u003c/a> to help get the franchise back on solid financial footing. The conservative, anti-abortion Catholic was eventually named CEO. He’s credited with expanding its fleet of restaurants and overseeing a controversial ad campaign featuring half-naked girls chowing down on dripping Carl’s Jr burgers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder was also a frequent guest on cable news programs offering conservative analysis and opinion on various issues including opposition to a higher federal minimum wage and President Barack Obama’s Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at home in the tony, celebrity studded community of Montecito along the Santa Barbara Coast, Puzder flew under the radar. Several local Republicans contacted for this story were either unaware that Puzder lived in their midst or rarely saw him around town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Puzder pulled up stakes and relocated his family to Tennessee. He also closed CKE corporate offices near Santa Barbara. Probably for the best, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.independent.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Barbara Independent \u003c/a>newspaper columnist \u003ca href=\"http://www.independent.com/staff/nick-welsh/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nick Welsh\u003c/a>. Puzder’s cultivated bubble of privacy was probably about to burst wide open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sort of cynical joke about Santa Barbara is; oh it’s Saturday, let’s go to the farmers market, let’s have brunch and then we’re going to go protest Trump,” laughs Welsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pudzer would have been a very good target for anti-trump demonstrations; people would have been in front of his house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder also clashed with many Republicans over his views on immigration. Earlier this month he acknowledged hiring an undocumented housekeeper to work at his Montecito home. Puzder says he fired the woman after discovering her immigration status, paid back taxes related to her employment and claims he also offered to assist her adjust her legal status. Puzder says she declined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That and Puzder’s long-running support of immigration reform made him a target for immigration hardliners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we were able to hire people who are currently here illegally, if there were a way to change their status so that they are here illegally that would be a big benefit to us and to everybody else that has to hire workers in that category,” said Puzder during a talk a the conservative American Enterprise Institute in Washington D.C. four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aggressively business friendly, multi-millionaire tied the rising fortunes of low wage workers to the rising tide of business, which he saw as being hamstring by over burdensome regulations and union organizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Puzder also plowed hundreds of thousands of dollars in donations to various conservative causes and politicians. But he was initially reluctant to endorse candidate Donald Trump, until Mr. Trump had secured the Republican presidential nomination. He then backed that endorsement with campaign contributions topping $250,000.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In cities around America, thousands of construction companies, restaurants and other businesses are bracing for \"A Day Without Immigrants,\" a combination boycott/strike that highlights the contributions of immigrants to U.S. business and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The movement is a response to President Trump's immigration agenda, which includes a pledge to seal the U.S. border with Mexico and a travel ban on citizens of seven majority-Muslim countries (which is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/02/13/514966051/for-refugees-and-advocates-trump-immigration-order-stay-leads-to-disarray\">now on hold\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some businesses are closing for the day; others are staying open and pledging to contribute a share of the day's proceeds to nonprofits that aid Latino communities. In a number of cases, business owners are abiding by the wishes of their staffs, after holding votes to decide whether to open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"PgL0tf0mQohRq9Dp4d1Q4rwLOH4wuXFp\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several closures are high-profile: Chef and entrepreneur \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/02/15/515441650/chef-jos-andr-s-to-close-restaurants-for-day-without-immigrants\">José Andrés told NPR\u003c/a> this week, \"It was a very easy decision\" to close his restaurants in Washington, D.C., saying he wants to support his employees who had planned not to work Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Celebrity chef Rick Bayless, who's famous for popularizing the complex flavors of Mexico's cuisine, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Rick_Bayless/status/832018508120629248\">says he closed\u003c/a> four Chicago restaurants for the day out of respect for his staff's vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Los Angeles, Danielle Karson reports for our Newscast unit:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Thousands of immigrants are skipping work; not shopping; not eating at restaurants, buying gas, or sending their children to school. LA County Supervisor Hilda Solis says immigrants, regardless of legal status, contribute 40 percent of LA County's gross domestic product: almost $300 billion a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\" 'It's incumbent on us to be brave, which we're prepared to do,' Solis said. 'To step up; to say to him, not in my house; not in my county; not in my state.'\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The day of protest comes after Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents alarmed immigrant rights advocates by arresting some 680 people in raids across the U.S. last week. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/13/515032423/75-percent-of-immigration-raid-arrests-were-for-criminal-convictions-dhs-says\">As NPR has reported\u003c/a>, the Department of Homeland Security has called those raids routine, saying they targeted people who had criminal convictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Charlotte, North Carolina, teacher Hayley Rowley tweeted an image of empty desks in her classroom \"as over half my class stays home,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/HayleyaRowley/status/832249028251414528\">she wrote\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/HayleyaRowley/status/832249028251414528\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 250 businesses in the Charlotte region are closed today, \u003ca href=\"http://wfae.org/post/more-250-businesses-remain-closed-thursday-immigrants-protest-ice-arrests?utm_content=buffer63570&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer\">member station WFAE reports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Kansas City, Missouri, protesters spilled off of the steps of City Hall and into a plaza — one of many cities where public rallies are being held today. According to member station \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/laurazig/status/832279772550070276\">KCUR's Laura Ziegler\u003c/a>, hundreds of people in Kansas City chanted \"USA! USA!\" in support of immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/laurazig/status/832279772550070276\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Washington, D.C., at least two schools are closed for the day. And Ahmad Erfani, who was born in Iran and grew up in France, says he's closing his bakery, Le Caprice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mostly the people who work here are immigrants. We spoke with them. They thought it's good for solidarity with the others to not work,\" he tells \u003ca href=\"http://wamu.org/story/17/02/16/bars-restaurants-schools-close-doors-day-without-immigrants/\">member station WAMU\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erfani added, \"They are hard workers. I am not happy when I see they are not very happy these days, because it is difficult. They work hard, they come here 6 in the morning. It is not very comfortable for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Day Without Immigrants comes more than 10 years after another national movement, the Great American Boycott, used a May 1 boycott to protest the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5373673\">Illegal Immigration Control Act of 2005\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That legislation, also called HR 4437, would have required hundreds of miles of new fencing to be built along the Mexican border, along with toughening the federal stance toward people who are in the country illegally — and toward anyone in the U.S. who offers them shelter or aid. The bill won passage in the House of Representatives before failing in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27A+Day+Without+Immigrants%27+Promises+A+National+Strike+Thursday&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"order": 1
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"order": 9
},
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
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