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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown called President Trump's decision to withdraw the U.S. from the Paris climate accord an \"insane move\" and said \"California will resist because his effort is misguided.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump announced on Thursday that he was pulling the U.S. out of the historic international agreement that set global goals for cutting greenhouse gas emissions. He cited job losses and a lack of fairness in the Paris deal as key reasons to exit and try to re-enter the accord on different terms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This agreement is less about the climate and more about other countries gaining a financial advantage over the United States,” Trump said in a speech from the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reaction was swift from California's leadership, which has \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/31/california-lawmakers-move-towards-new-renewable-energy-goals/\">a tendency\u003c/a> to act in direct contrast -- and even\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/12/12/if-trump-wont-can-california-sign-the-international-climate-treaty/\"> independence from \u003c/a>-- the Trump administration on federal matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s wrong on the facts. California’s economy and America’s economy are boosted by following the Paris agreement,” Brown said in a call to reporters with U.S. and global experts on climate change. “Trump is wrong when he says this is bad for jobs. It’s good for jobs -- the jobs of the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Addressing Trump's arguments directly, Brown said in an interview with PBS Newshour's Judy Woodruff that job growth and climate action are not mutually exclusive. He told Woodruff that California has created 2.4 million jobs since the recession, thanks in part to efforts to protect the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's consistent and in fact I'd say driven by the clean tech investments and the climate action strategies that we've embarked upon,\" he said.[contextly_sidebar id=\"M0AIY4FPznYPTduYxZRzGXs8Vy56jg87\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown and two other governors -- Andrew Cuomo of New York and Jay Inslee of Washington -- announced that they were forming the United States Climate Alliance, a coalition that will convene U.S. states committed to upholding the Paris Climate Agreement and taking aggressive action on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The world is not waiting for Donald Trump,\" Brown told Woodruff. \"He has given a body blow to the cause of environmental sustainability. But we'll take it, we'll respond, we're on the field of battle and we're gonna overcome. That I can promise you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three states, which represent over one-fifth of U.S. gross domestic product, are committed to achieving the U.S. goal of reducing emissions 26-28 percent from 2005 levels and meeting or exceeding the targets of the federal Clean Power Plan, they said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California will resist because his effort is misguided. I would even say this is an insane move,\" Brown said on the call with reporters. \"The world depends on a sustainable future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he was headed to China on Friday to continue work on the climate change fight, meeting with 175 partners from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This group is completely committed to meeting the Paris agreement. We are committed and even going further,\" he said. \"Trump is AWOL but \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/06/01/what-will-happen-to-california-after-trumps-exit-from-paris-accord/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California is on the field, ready for battle\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here are more reactions from California lawmakers:\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Attorney General Xavier Becerra\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cspan class=\"message_body\">\"For California, there’s no retreat in the fight against pollution. Today, we’re more committed than ever to protecting our people, our planet, and our economy from all threats … including all the hot air that’s blowing in from Washington, D.C. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"message_body\">Our state intends to move forward on protecting our air and our climate regardless of what the federal government does or does not do. We will defend all of our laws, including California’s vehicle emissions standards, anywhere they are challenged. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"message_body\">We won’t allow President Trump to ignore the law, or the public outcry, or the very real threat of climate change. I won’t hesitate to protect those we serve. And if that means lawsuits, I am ready. If that means battling out in the court of public opinion, I’m ready for that, too.\u003c/span>\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sen. Dianne Feinstein\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“If the White House won’t lead, California will step up. We will continue our fight against climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sen. Kamala Harris\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“Pulling out of the Paris Agreement is an irrational decision that is a disastrous step backward, threatens the future viability of our planet for future generations, and abdicates our role of leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rep. Jared Huffman (D-San Rafael, District 2)\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\"TY @JerryBrownGov for your climate leadership! If the Trump’s admin won’t lead, our states must #defendclimate\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>House Rep. Tom McClintock (R-Elk Grove, District 4)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\"THANK YOU @POTUS for protecting America's working families from the folly of #ParisAgreement. American prosperity comes first!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rep. Nancy Pelosi, House Minority Leader (D-San Francisco, District 12)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“By walking away from this pact, President Trump is abandoning America’s leadership position in the fight against the climate crisis and is sending a strong message to the rest of the world to create, design and manufacture clean energy solutions and create jobs elsewhere. If President Trump wants nations like China and India to take stronger and swifter action on climate, then he should do so through the accountability and enforcement provisions in the Paris Agreement, not by breaking our word and storming out of the room.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>House Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Bakersfield, District 23), Majority Leader\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\".@POTUS made the right call in leaving a deal that would have put an unnecessary burden on the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rep. Scott Peters (D-La Jolla, District 52)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“Exiting the Paris Agreement is bad for the planet and for American standing, leverage, and jobs. It is morally wrong and monumentally stupid.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown called President Trump's decision to withdraw the U.S. from the Paris climate accord an \"insane move\" and said \"California will resist because his effort is misguided.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump announced on Thursday that he was pulling the U.S. out of the historic international agreement that set global goals for cutting greenhouse gas emissions. He cited job losses and a lack of fairness in the Paris deal as key reasons to exit and try to re-enter the accord on different terms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This agreement is less about the climate and more about other countries gaining a financial advantage over the United States,” Trump said in a speech from the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reaction was swift from California's leadership, which has \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/31/california-lawmakers-move-towards-new-renewable-energy-goals/\">a tendency\u003c/a> to act in direct contrast -- and even\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/12/12/if-trump-wont-can-california-sign-the-international-climate-treaty/\"> independence from \u003c/a>-- the Trump administration on federal matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s wrong on the facts. California’s economy and America’s economy are boosted by following the Paris agreement,” Brown said in a call to reporters with U.S. and global experts on climate change. “Trump is wrong when he says this is bad for jobs. It’s good for jobs -- the jobs of the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Addressing Trump's arguments directly, Brown said in an interview with PBS Newshour's Judy Woodruff that job growth and climate action are not mutually exclusive. He told Woodruff that California has created 2.4 million jobs since the recession, thanks in part to efforts to protect the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's consistent and in fact I'd say driven by the clean tech investments and the climate action strategies that we've embarked upon,\" he said.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown and two other governors -- Andrew Cuomo of New York and Jay Inslee of Washington -- announced that they were forming the United States Climate Alliance, a coalition that will convene U.S. states committed to upholding the Paris Climate Agreement and taking aggressive action on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The world is not waiting for Donald Trump,\" Brown told Woodruff. \"He has given a body blow to the cause of environmental sustainability. But we'll take it, we'll respond, we're on the field of battle and we're gonna overcome. That I can promise you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three states, which represent over one-fifth of U.S. gross domestic product, are committed to achieving the U.S. goal of reducing emissions 26-28 percent from 2005 levels and meeting or exceeding the targets of the federal Clean Power Plan, they said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California will resist because his effort is misguided. I would even say this is an insane move,\" Brown said on the call with reporters. \"The world depends on a sustainable future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he was headed to China on Friday to continue work on the climate change fight, meeting with 175 partners from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This group is completely committed to meeting the Paris agreement. We are committed and even going further,\" he said. \"Trump is AWOL but \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/06/01/what-will-happen-to-california-after-trumps-exit-from-paris-accord/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California is on the field, ready for battle\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here are more reactions from California lawmakers:\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Attorney General Xavier Becerra\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cspan class=\"message_body\">\"For California, there’s no retreat in the fight against pollution. Today, we’re more committed than ever to protecting our people, our planet, and our economy from all threats … including all the hot air that’s blowing in from Washington, D.C. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"message_body\">Our state intends to move forward on protecting our air and our climate regardless of what the federal government does or does not do. We will defend all of our laws, including California’s vehicle emissions standards, anywhere they are challenged. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"message_body\">We won’t allow President Trump to ignore the law, or the public outcry, or the very real threat of climate change. I won’t hesitate to protect those we serve. And if that means lawsuits, I am ready. If that means battling out in the court of public opinion, I’m ready for that, too.\u003c/span>\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sen. Dianne Feinstein\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“If the White House won’t lead, California will step up. We will continue our fight against climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sen. Kamala Harris\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“Pulling out of the Paris Agreement is an irrational decision that is a disastrous step backward, threatens the future viability of our planet for future generations, and abdicates our role of leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rep. Jared Huffman (D-San Rafael, District 2)\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\"TY @JerryBrownGov for your climate leadership! If the Trump’s admin won’t lead, our states must #defendclimate\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>House Rep. Tom McClintock (R-Elk Grove, District 4)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\"THANK YOU @POTUS for protecting America's working families from the folly of #ParisAgreement. American prosperity comes first!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rep. Nancy Pelosi, House Minority Leader (D-San Francisco, District 12)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“By walking away from this pact, President Trump is abandoning America’s leadership position in the fight against the climate crisis and is sending a strong message to the rest of the world to create, design and manufacture clean energy solutions and create jobs elsewhere. If President Trump wants nations like China and India to take stronger and swifter action on climate, then he should do so through the accountability and enforcement provisions in the Paris Agreement, not by breaking our word and storming out of the room.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>House Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Bakersfield, District 23), Majority Leader\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\".@POTUS made the right call in leaving a deal that would have put an unnecessary burden on the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rep. Scott Peters (D-La Jolla, District 52)\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n“Exiting the Paris Agreement is bad for the planet and for American standing, leverage, and jobs. It is morally wrong and monumentally stupid.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Trump Announces U.S. Withdrawal From Paris Climate Accord",
"headTitle": "Trump Announces U.S. Withdrawal From Paris Climate Accord | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Updated at 3:56 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has announced that the U.S. will be withdrawing from the Paris accord — the historic global agreement, reached in 2015, to set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting the rise in average global temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a news conference Thursday in the Rose Garden at the White House, Trump said the withdrawal is aimed at keeping his campaign promise to put American workers first — but he also added that the U.S. would begin negotiations to possibly re-enter the Paris accord or a similar deal that, he said, would result in a better deal for American workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The agreement is a massive redistribution of United States’ wealth to other countries,” Trump said. “It’s to give their country an economic edge over the United States. That’s not going to happen as long as I’m president, I’m sorry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later added: “Our withdrawal from the agreement represents a reassertion of American workers’ sovereignty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his campaign, Trump vowed to “cancel” U.S. participation in the deal. World leaders and business figures had recently urged him to reconsider, but by Wednesday morning, reports began to surface that Trump had decided to leave the pact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barack Obama had used his authority as president to join the Paris accord without a vote in the Legislature. That means Trump can also remove the U.S. from the accord without a vote. But it will take a while: Under the terms of the agreement, he wouldn’t actually be able to withdraw until November 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving the underlying treaty — the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) — would be faster, and could be completed within a year. But that treaty was U.S. Senate-ratified. Presidents have unilaterally exited Senate-ratified treaties before, but it’s rare and controversial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Urged to stay, urged to leave\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wide chorus of voices had called for Trump to recommit to the Paris agreement: \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/05/26/530228094/in-europe-world-leaders-try-to-change-trumps-mind-on-climate-change\">Other world leaders\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://responsiblescientists.org/\">hundreds of scientists,\u003c/a> of course, but also CEOs of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/18/528998592/energy-companies-urge-trump-to-remain-in-paris-climate-agreement\">major energy companies\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/17/502425711/hundreds-of-u-s-businesses-urge-trump-to-uphold-paris-climate-deal\">other big U.S. corporations\u003c/a>. Even many of Trump’s own advisers support the deal, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/18/us/politics/trump-advisers-paris-climate-accord.html\">The New York Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those supporting a departure won out.\u003ca href=\"https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2017/5/senators-send-letter-to-president-trump-calling-for-withdrawal\"> More than 20 Republican senators\u003c/a> called for Trump to leave the deal. Influential Trump advisers,\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/04/30/trump-climate-paris-deal-237814\"> reportedly\u003c/a> Steve Bannon and EPA Director Scott Pruitt, also urged him to withdraw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, of course, there was the argument advanced by candidate Trump. On the campaign trail, he criticized the agreement that the U.S. formally signed onto last year. He has said the deal is “unfair” to the U.S., objecting in particular to the requirement that wealthy nations help developing countries build renewable energy sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has also signaled, more broadly, that fighting climate change is not a priority for his administration. He’s denied the existence of climate change in the past, and appointed as the head of the EPA a man who \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/09/519425866/epa-chief-scott-pruitt-questions-basic-facts-about-climate-change\">doesn’t accept the overwhelming scientific consensus\u003c/a> that humans are causing global warming by releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. And he’s already \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/28/519003733/trump-takes-aim-at-a-centerpiece-of-obamas-environmental-legacy\">overturned several Obama-era efforts\u003c/a> to reduce emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A hard-fought diplomatic agreement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Paris accord was reached in 2015 after lengthy negotiations. The deal relies on voluntary cuts in emissions by all the member nations — nearly 200 of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement also, significantly, sets a global target: to keep the rise in the average temperature no higher than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. And it calls for some $100 billion a year in funding from developed countries toward developing countries, to support green energy sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It fell short of what some parties had hoped for. Island nations — which face an existential threat from rising sea waters — had pushed hard for a target of 1.5 degrees Celsius. (Why not even lower? Well, as of 2015, the global average temperature had \u003cem>already \u003c/em>risen by 1 degree Celsius, and even with robust efforts to cut emissions, some further increase is essentially inevitable.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the agreement relies on voluntary cuts in emissions, which is \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/news/john-cassidy/skeptical-note-paris-climate-deal\">seen by some critics\u003c/a> as a major weakness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the fact that the world managed to agree on a target was celebrated as a diplomatic achievement, one multiple world leaders have emphasized as crucial to support. After the recent G-7 meetings, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi met with German Chancellor Angela Merkel and vocally supported her commitment to action on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modi said failing to act on climate change would be “a morally criminal act.” Merkel had \u003ca href=\"https://www.thelocal.de/20170523/merkel-vows-to-convince-climate-change-doubters\">previously vowed\u003c/a> to “convince the doubters” among world leaders that “protecting the climate matters to all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The doubters are in the minority. Only two countries — Syria and Nicaragua — have completely rejected the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several dozen countries have signed but not fully approved — including Iran, Turkey and, most significantly, Russia, which is a major \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/whats-holding-russia-back-from-ratifying-the-paris-climate-agreement-64842\">emitter\u003c/a> of greenhouse gases. But three-quarters of the countries on earth have fully committed to the accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A pact in name, or in deed?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important to note that the Paris accord is only as strong as each nation’s actual reduction in emissions. That means leaving the agreement isn’t the only way to weaken it: Trump \u003cem>could\u003c/em> have kept the U.S. as a signatory, but continued to slash the programs that would actually make it possible to reach the target for emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opposite is also true: U.S. greenhouse gas emissions could continue to go down, at least in the short term, even as Trump withdraws from the accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR’s Christopher Joyce recently \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/27/530337304/market-forces-may-impact-emissions-more-than-climate-agreements\">reported\u003c/a>, emissions in the U.S. have declined by about 12 percent since 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. has successfully bent its greenhouse gas emissions curve,” Kate Larsen, of the economics research team Rhodium Group, told Christopher. “And we are going to continue to reduce emissions over the next 10 years, likely regardless of Trump policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the Paris accord isn’t synonymous with U.S. emissions cuts, that doesn’t mean Trump’s decision on the accord is meaningless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Economist Marc Hafstead, who’s with Resources for the Future, told Christopher that exiting the deal “could potentially have political ramifications — to the extent that our pulling out of the agreement is going to cause other countries to do less.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would also threaten the $100 billion a year pledged to help developing countries achieve emissions cuts, as Bloomberg \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-05-30/climate-danger-zone-seen-if-trump-pulls-u-s-out-of-paris-deal\">has reported.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-china-climate-20170405-story.html\">many analysts\u003c/a> see a U.S. departure from the deal as \u003ca href=\"http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/03/china-takes-leadership-climate-change-trump-clean-power-plan-paris-agreement/\">paving the way\u003c/a> for China to take the lead on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just a question of intangible moral leadership, or even of the potential profits from green energy that would be on the table. \u003cem>The Atlantic\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/11/the-problem-with-abandoning-the-paris-agreement/508085/\">reported last year\u003c/a> that a U.S. departure would likely result in less-transparent mechanisms for actually enforcing the Paris accord — because Chinese “faulty and unreliable energy statistics” could play a prominent role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By staying in the deal, the U.S. would have kept a spot at the negotiating table — and potential influence over how the agreement is enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The reaction in the U.S.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama decried Trump’s decision in a statement released Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The nations that remain in the Paris Agreement will be the nations that reap the benefits in jobs and industries created,” the former president said. He added:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe the United States of America should be at the front of the pack. But even in the absence of American leadership; even as this Administration joins a small handful of nations that reject the future; I’m confident that our states, cities, and businesses will step up and do even more to lead the way, and help protect for future generations the one planet we’ve got.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/scottdetrow/status/870364248345595904\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before Trump announced his final decision, Democrats in the U.S. decried withdrawal as “a low point in modern American leadership,” as Rep. John Garamendi, D-Calif., \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/repgaramendi/posts/10154861375291747\">put it.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, D-N.Y., \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenGillibrand/status/869950890584797188\">wrote on\u003c/a> Twitter that it would be “catastrophic for the President to cede our leadership on this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Republicans in Congress, including several representing districts particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, also rebuked reports of Trump’s decision. “Climate change is a serious issue,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/VernBuchanan/status/869576705190526976\">tweeted\u003c/a> Rep. Vern Buchanan of Florida — with a photo of development near a Florida beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/870369915894546432\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But GOP Sen. James Inhofe of Oklahoma strongly defended the decision to leave the accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The main thing is, it’s something that we couldn’t do; it’d be impossible to do,” he told \u003cem>Here & Now\u003c/em>. “It’s necessary, then, to make sure that we don’t have a bunch of people out there suing us because we’re not doing what the president said we’re supposed to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Trump followed through on his campaign-trail vow to exit the historic international agreement. But he said the U.S. would begin negotiations to possibly re-enter the pact or a similar deal.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Updated at 3:56 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has announced that the U.S. will be withdrawing from the Paris accord — the historic global agreement, reached in 2015, to set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting the rise in average global temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a news conference Thursday in the Rose Garden at the White House, Trump said the withdrawal is aimed at keeping his campaign promise to put American workers first — but he also added that the U.S. would begin negotiations to possibly re-enter the Paris accord or a similar deal that, he said, would result in a better deal for American workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The agreement is a massive redistribution of United States’ wealth to other countries,” Trump said. “It’s to give their country an economic edge over the United States. That’s not going to happen as long as I’m president, I’m sorry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later added: “Our withdrawal from the agreement represents a reassertion of American workers’ sovereignty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his campaign, Trump vowed to “cancel” U.S. participation in the deal. World leaders and business figures had recently urged him to reconsider, but by Wednesday morning, reports began to surface that Trump had decided to leave the pact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barack Obama had used his authority as president to join the Paris accord without a vote in the Legislature. That means Trump can also remove the U.S. from the accord without a vote. But it will take a while: Under the terms of the agreement, he wouldn’t actually be able to withdraw until November 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving the underlying treaty — the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) — would be faster, and could be completed within a year. But that treaty was U.S. Senate-ratified. Presidents have unilaterally exited Senate-ratified treaties before, but it’s rare and controversial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Urged to stay, urged to leave\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A wide chorus of voices had called for Trump to recommit to the Paris agreement: \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/05/26/530228094/in-europe-world-leaders-try-to-change-trumps-mind-on-climate-change\">Other world leaders\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://responsiblescientists.org/\">hundreds of scientists,\u003c/a> of course, but also CEOs of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/18/528998592/energy-companies-urge-trump-to-remain-in-paris-climate-agreement\">major energy companies\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/17/502425711/hundreds-of-u-s-businesses-urge-trump-to-uphold-paris-climate-deal\">other big U.S. corporations\u003c/a>. Even many of Trump’s own advisers support the deal, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/18/us/politics/trump-advisers-paris-climate-accord.html\">The New York Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those supporting a departure won out.\u003ca href=\"https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2017/5/senators-send-letter-to-president-trump-calling-for-withdrawal\"> More than 20 Republican senators\u003c/a> called for Trump to leave the deal. Influential Trump advisers,\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/04/30/trump-climate-paris-deal-237814\"> reportedly\u003c/a> Steve Bannon and EPA Director Scott Pruitt, also urged him to withdraw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, of course, there was the argument advanced by candidate Trump. On the campaign trail, he criticized the agreement that the U.S. formally signed onto last year. He has said the deal is “unfair” to the U.S., objecting in particular to the requirement that wealthy nations help developing countries build renewable energy sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has also signaled, more broadly, that fighting climate change is not a priority for his administration. He’s denied the existence of climate change in the past, and appointed as the head of the EPA a man who \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/09/519425866/epa-chief-scott-pruitt-questions-basic-facts-about-climate-change\">doesn’t accept the overwhelming scientific consensus\u003c/a> that humans are causing global warming by releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. And he’s already \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/28/519003733/trump-takes-aim-at-a-centerpiece-of-obamas-environmental-legacy\">overturned several Obama-era efforts\u003c/a> to reduce emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A hard-fought diplomatic agreement\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Paris accord was reached in 2015 after lengthy negotiations. The deal relies on voluntary cuts in emissions by all the member nations — nearly 200 of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement also, significantly, sets a global target: to keep the rise in the average temperature no higher than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. And it calls for some $100 billion a year in funding from developed countries toward developing countries, to support green energy sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It fell short of what some parties had hoped for. Island nations — which face an existential threat from rising sea waters — had pushed hard for a target of 1.5 degrees Celsius. (Why not even lower? Well, as of 2015, the global average temperature had \u003cem>already \u003c/em>risen by 1 degree Celsius, and even with robust efforts to cut emissions, some further increase is essentially inevitable.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the agreement relies on voluntary cuts in emissions, which is \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/news/john-cassidy/skeptical-note-paris-climate-deal\">seen by some critics\u003c/a> as a major weakness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the fact that the world managed to agree on a target was celebrated as a diplomatic achievement, one multiple world leaders have emphasized as crucial to support. After the recent G-7 meetings, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi met with German Chancellor Angela Merkel and vocally supported her commitment to action on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modi said failing to act on climate change would be “a morally criminal act.” Merkel had \u003ca href=\"https://www.thelocal.de/20170523/merkel-vows-to-convince-climate-change-doubters\">previously vowed\u003c/a> to “convince the doubters” among world leaders that “protecting the climate matters to all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The doubters are in the minority. Only two countries — Syria and Nicaragua — have completely rejected the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several dozen countries have signed but not fully approved — including Iran, Turkey and, most significantly, Russia, which is a major \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/whats-holding-russia-back-from-ratifying-the-paris-climate-agreement-64842\">emitter\u003c/a> of greenhouse gases. But three-quarters of the countries on earth have fully committed to the accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A pact in name, or in deed?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important to note that the Paris accord is only as strong as each nation’s actual reduction in emissions. That means leaving the agreement isn’t the only way to weaken it: Trump \u003cem>could\u003c/em> have kept the U.S. as a signatory, but continued to slash the programs that would actually make it possible to reach the target for emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opposite is also true: U.S. greenhouse gas emissions could continue to go down, at least in the short term, even as Trump withdraws from the accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR’s Christopher Joyce recently \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/27/530337304/market-forces-may-impact-emissions-more-than-climate-agreements\">reported\u003c/a>, emissions in the U.S. have declined by about 12 percent since 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. has successfully bent its greenhouse gas emissions curve,” Kate Larsen, of the economics research team Rhodium Group, told Christopher. “And we are going to continue to reduce emissions over the next 10 years, likely regardless of Trump policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the Paris accord isn’t synonymous with U.S. emissions cuts, that doesn’t mean Trump’s decision on the accord is meaningless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Economist Marc Hafstead, who’s with Resources for the Future, told Christopher that exiting the deal “could potentially have political ramifications — to the extent that our pulling out of the agreement is going to cause other countries to do less.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would also threaten the $100 billion a year pledged to help developing countries achieve emissions cuts, as Bloomberg \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-05-30/climate-danger-zone-seen-if-trump-pulls-u-s-out-of-paris-deal\">has reported.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-china-climate-20170405-story.html\">many analysts\u003c/a> see a U.S. departure from the deal as \u003ca href=\"http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/03/china-takes-leadership-climate-change-trump-clean-power-plan-paris-agreement/\">paving the way\u003c/a> for China to take the lead on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just a question of intangible moral leadership, or even of the potential profits from green energy that would be on the table. \u003cem>The Atlantic\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/11/the-problem-with-abandoning-the-paris-agreement/508085/\">reported last year\u003c/a> that a U.S. departure would likely result in less-transparent mechanisms for actually enforcing the Paris accord — because Chinese “faulty and unreliable energy statistics” could play a prominent role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By staying in the deal, the U.S. would have kept a spot at the negotiating table — and potential influence over how the agreement is enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The reaction in the U.S.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama decried Trump’s decision in a statement released Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The nations that remain in the Paris Agreement will be the nations that reap the benefits in jobs and industries created,” the former president said. He added:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe the United States of America should be at the front of the pack. But even in the absence of American leadership; even as this Administration joins a small handful of nations that reject the future; I’m confident that our states, cities, and businesses will step up and do even more to lead the way, and help protect for future generations the one planet we’ve got.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Even before Trump announced his final decision, Democrats in the U.S. decried withdrawal as “a low point in modern American leadership,” as Rep. John Garamendi, D-Calif., \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/repgaramendi/posts/10154861375291747\">put it.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, D-N.Y., \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SenGillibrand/status/869950890584797188\">wrote on\u003c/a> Twitter that it would be “catastrophic for the President to cede our leadership on this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Republicans in Congress, including several representing districts particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, also rebuked reports of Trump’s decision. “Climate change is a serious issue,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/VernBuchanan/status/869576705190526976\">tweeted\u003c/a> Rep. Vern Buchanan of Florida — with a photo of development near a Florida beach.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>But GOP Sen. James Inhofe of Oklahoma strongly defended the decision to leave the accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The main thing is, it’s something that we couldn’t do; it’d be impossible to do,” he told \u003cem>Here & Now\u003c/em>. “It’s necessary, then, to make sure that we don’t have a bunch of people out there suing us because we’re not doing what the president said we’re supposed to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Lawmakers Move Toward New Renewable Energy Goals",
"title": "California Lawmakers Move Toward New Renewable Energy Goals",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Democrats in California's Senate doubled down on the state's commitment to reducing dependence on fossil fuels, painting their move in contrast to Donald Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/31/report-official-says-trump-expected-to-pull-u-s-from-paris-deal/\">potential withdrawal \u003c/a>of the United States from the Paris climate accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Senate on Wednesday voted to set a goal of getting all of the state's power from renewable energy sources by the year 2045. The aspirational target in \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB100\">SB 100 \u003c/a>builds on the existing mandate that half of the electricity produced in the state come from clean sources by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the time reaching a 50 percent renewable portfolio standard was an ambitious but attainable target,\" said Senate President Pro Tem Kevin de León, who wrote the bill. \"But knowing what we know today, we clearly aimed too low.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"FokyRsXlzELdEt2CL9kevaUxZkpQNXwu\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans voted against the measure, arguing that the private sector should lead the push to help California reach its greenhouse-gas reduction goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think we should let the technology drive the industry,\" said Sen. Jeff Stone (R-Coachella Valley). \"The industry understands that there’s money to be made in alternative energies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://energy.gov/downloads/2017-us-energy-and-employment-report\">report\u003c/a> from the U.S. Department of Energy earlier this year found that California is home to 40 percent of all solar energy jobs in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar energy production could rise as a result of another measure approved by the state Senate on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB71\">SB 71\u003c/a> from Sen. Scott Wiener (D-San Francisco) would require solar panels to be installed on many new buildings in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To meet our goals, we need solar and other renewable energy in every city and neighborhood in California,\" said Wiener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the votes, Senate Democrats wasted little time contrasting their victories with reports that the United States would exit an agreement aimed at curtailing greenhouse gas emissions. Later Wednesday night, the president tweeted that his final decision would be announced on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/870083798981111808\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Typically, we’d be in a celebratory mood,\" said Sen. Ben Allen (D-Santa Monica). \"Instead, we’re lamenting the decision of this president to step back from American leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In truth, California's goals to fight climate change already far surpassed what was agreed upon in Paris: that nations would voluntarily reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown signed \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/23/tougher-greenhouse-gas-emission-limits-move-forward-in-legislature/\">legislation\u003c/a> last year that requires California's emissions levels drop to 40 percent below 1990 levels by the year 2030. The possibility of the U.S. withdrawal from the accord gave lawmakers in the state another opportunity to emphasize the state's departure from federal climate policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re showing the way forward,\" said de León. \"We’re sending a clear message to the rest of the world that no president, no matter how desperately they may try to ignore reality, can halt our progress.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Democrats in California's Senate doubled down on the state's commitment to reducing dependence on fossil fuels, painting their move in contrast to Donald Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/31/report-official-says-trump-expected-to-pull-u-s-from-paris-deal/\">potential withdrawal \u003c/a>of the United States from the Paris climate accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Senate on Wednesday voted to set a goal of getting all of the state's power from renewable energy sources by the year 2045. The aspirational target in \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB100\">SB 100 \u003c/a>builds on the existing mandate that half of the electricity produced in the state come from clean sources by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the time reaching a 50 percent renewable portfolio standard was an ambitious but attainable target,\" said Senate President Pro Tem Kevin de León, who wrote the bill. \"But knowing what we know today, we clearly aimed too low.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans voted against the measure, arguing that the private sector should lead the push to help California reach its greenhouse-gas reduction goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think we should let the technology drive the industry,\" said Sen. Jeff Stone (R-Coachella Valley). \"The industry understands that there’s money to be made in alternative energies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://energy.gov/downloads/2017-us-energy-and-employment-report\">report\u003c/a> from the U.S. Department of Energy earlier this year found that California is home to 40 percent of all solar energy jobs in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar energy production could rise as a result of another measure approved by the state Senate on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB71\">SB 71\u003c/a> from Sen. Scott Wiener (D-San Francisco) would require solar panels to be installed on many new buildings in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To meet our goals, we need solar and other renewable energy in every city and neighborhood in California,\" said Wiener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the votes, Senate Democrats wasted little time contrasting their victories with reports that the United States would exit an agreement aimed at curtailing greenhouse gas emissions. Later Wednesday night, the president tweeted that his final decision would be announced on Thursday.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>“Typically, we’d be in a celebratory mood,\" said Sen. Ben Allen (D-Santa Monica). \"Instead, we’re lamenting the decision of this president to step back from American leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In truth, California's goals to fight climate change already far surpassed what was agreed upon in Paris: that nations would voluntarily reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown signed \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/23/tougher-greenhouse-gas-emission-limits-move-forward-in-legislature/\">legislation\u003c/a> last year that requires California's emissions levels drop to 40 percent below 1990 levels by the year 2030. The possibility of the U.S. withdrawal from the accord gave lawmakers in the state another opportunity to emphasize the state's departure from federal climate policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re showing the way forward,\" said de León. \"We’re sending a clear message to the rest of the world that no president, no matter how desperately they may try to ignore reality, can halt our progress.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>WASHINGTON — President Trump is expected to pull the United States from a landmark global climate agreement, a White House official said Wednesday, though there could be \"caveats in the language\" announcing a withdrawal, leaving open the possibility that his decision isn't final.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exiting the deal would fulfill a central campaign pledge from the president, but would be certain to anger allies that spent years negotiating the accord to reduce carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official insisted on anonymity in order to discuss the decision before the official announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump tweeted on Wednesday morning: \"I will be announcing my decision on the Paris Accord over the next few days. MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/869903459511918592\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump currently favors an exit, he has been known to change his thinking on major decisions and tends to seek counsel from a range of inside and outside advisers, many with differing agendas, until the last minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's top aides have been divided on the accord. On Wednesday afternoon, Trump was to meet with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, who has favored remaining in the deal. Chief strategist Steve Bannon supports an exit, while senior adviser Jared Kushner generally thinks the deal is bad, but would like to find a way to see if the U.S. emissions targets can be changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 200 nations, including the United States under President Barack Obama's administration, agreed in 2015 to voluntarily reduce their greenhouse gas emissions in an effort to combat climate change. Withdrawing would leave the United States aligned only with Russia among the world's industrialized economies in rejecting action to combat climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump pledged during his presidential campaign to withdraw the U.S. from the pact immediately after taking office, but had wavered on the issue since winning the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Trump's overseas trip last week, European leaders pressed him to keep the U.S. in the pact. French President Emmanuel Macron spoke with Trump at length about the issue during a meeting in Brussels, and even at the Vatican, Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Parolin made his own pro-Paris pitch to Trump and his advisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"hTym6ZT85EnlM1zCkTbWoniCOgRWYRI4\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of Trump's expected decision drew swift reaction from the United Nations. The organization's main Twitter page quoted Secretary-General Antonio Guterres as saying, \"Climate change is undeniable. Climate change is unstoppable. Climate solutions provide opportunities that are unmatchable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Club's executive director, Michael Brune, called the expected move a \"historic mistake which our grandchildren will look back on with stunned dismay at how a world leader could be so divorced from reality and morality.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump claimed before taking office that climate change was a \"hoax\" created by the Chinese to hurt the U.S. economy. Such an assertion stands in defiance of broad scientific consensus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump's chief White House economic adviser, Gary Cohn, told reporters during the trip abroad that Trump's views on climate change were \"evolving\" following the president's discussions with European leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Word of Trump's expected decision comes a day after the president met with Scott Pruitt, the administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. Like his boss, Pruitt has questioned the consensus of climate scientists that the Earth is warming and that man-made climate emissions are to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in power, Trump and Pruitt have moved to delay or roll back federal regulations limiting greenhouse gas emissions while pledging to revive the long-struggling U.S. coal mines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"yVUxHgbWgtp7b6NpaZgpay4s5Ryijv8L\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is not yet clear is whether Trump plans to initiate a formal withdrawal from the Paris accord, which under the terms of the agreement could take three years, or exit the underlying U.N. climate change treaty on which the accord was based.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., and 21 other Republicans sent Trump a letter last week urging him to follow through on his campaign pledge to pull out of the climate accord. Most of the senators who signed are from states that depend on the continued burning of coal, oil and gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been influential voices urging Trump not to ditch the Paris accord. Forty Democratic senators sent Trump a letter urging him to stay in, saying a withdrawal would hurt America's credibility and influence on the world stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of high-profile businesses have spoken out in favor of the deal, including Apple, Google and Walmart. Even fossil fuel companies such as Exxon Mobil, BP and Shell say the United States should abide by the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is the world's second-largest emitter of carbon, following only China. Beijing, however, has reaffirmed its commitment to meeting its targets under the Paris accord, recently canceling construction of about 100 coal-fired power plants and investing billions in massive wind and solar projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associated Press writers Jill Colvin and Michael Biesecker contributed from Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump currently favors an exit, he has been known to change his thinking on major decisions and tends to seek counsel from a range of inside and outside advisers, many with differing agendas, until the last minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's top aides have been divided on the accord. On Wednesday afternoon, Trump was to meet with Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, who has favored remaining in the deal. Chief strategist Steve Bannon supports an exit, while senior adviser Jared Kushner generally thinks the deal is bad, but would like to find a way to see if the U.S. emissions targets can be changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 200 nations, including the United States under President Barack Obama's administration, agreed in 2015 to voluntarily reduce their greenhouse gas emissions in an effort to combat climate change. Withdrawing would leave the United States aligned only with Russia among the world's industrialized economies in rejecting action to combat climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump pledged during his presidential campaign to withdraw the U.S. from the pact immediately after taking office, but had wavered on the issue since winning the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Trump's overseas trip last week, European leaders pressed him to keep the U.S. in the pact. French President Emmanuel Macron spoke with Trump at length about the issue during a meeting in Brussels, and even at the Vatican, Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Parolin made his own pro-Paris pitch to Trump and his advisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of Trump's expected decision drew swift reaction from the United Nations. The organization's main Twitter page quoted Secretary-General Antonio Guterres as saying, \"Climate change is undeniable. Climate change is unstoppable. Climate solutions provide opportunities that are unmatchable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Club's executive director, Michael Brune, called the expected move a \"historic mistake which our grandchildren will look back on with stunned dismay at how a world leader could be so divorced from reality and morality.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump claimed before taking office that climate change was a \"hoax\" created by the Chinese to hurt the U.S. economy. Such an assertion stands in defiance of broad scientific consensus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump's chief White House economic adviser, Gary Cohn, told reporters during the trip abroad that Trump's views on climate change were \"evolving\" following the president's discussions with European leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Word of Trump's expected decision comes a day after the president met with Scott Pruitt, the administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. Like his boss, Pruitt has questioned the consensus of climate scientists that the Earth is warming and that man-made climate emissions are to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in power, Trump and Pruitt have moved to delay or roll back federal regulations limiting greenhouse gas emissions while pledging to revive the long-struggling U.S. coal mines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is not yet clear is whether Trump plans to initiate a formal withdrawal from the Paris accord, which under the terms of the agreement could take three years, or exit the underlying U.N. climate change treaty on which the accord was based.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., and 21 other Republicans sent Trump a letter last week urging him to follow through on his campaign pledge to pull out of the climate accord. Most of the senators who signed are from states that depend on the continued burning of coal, oil and gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been influential voices urging Trump not to ditch the Paris accord. Forty Democratic senators sent Trump a letter urging him to stay in, saying a withdrawal would hurt America's credibility and influence on the world stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of high-profile businesses have spoken out in favor of the deal, including Apple, Google and Walmart. Even fossil fuel companies such as Exxon Mobil, BP and Shell say the United States should abide by the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is the world's second-largest emitter of carbon, following only China. Beijing, however, has reaffirmed its commitment to meeting its targets under the Paris accord, recently canceling construction of about 100 coal-fired power plants and investing billions in massive wind and solar projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associated Press writers Jill Colvin and Michael Biesecker contributed from Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "State Democrats Have New Leverage in Effort to Curb Greenhouse Gases",
"title": "State Democrats Have New Leverage in Effort to Curb Greenhouse Gases",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>When Democratic lawmakers and Gov. Jerry Brown launched California last year \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/23/tougher-greenhouse-gas-emission-limits-move-forward-in-legislature/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">toward a new goal\u003c/a> of reducing greenhouse gases, they did so without addressing one of the state's key mechanisms for reaching the goal: the cap-and-trade program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By taking that first step of setting climate change reduction benchmarks, Democrats pushing for tougher environmental regulations now have leverage over businesses in determining how the state will reach its ambitious goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m sort of working backwards,\" said Sen. Bob Wieckowski (D-Fremont), who is carrying \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB775\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 775\u003c/a>, a cap-and-trade extension bill. \"We said here are our targets. But now we really have to figure what to do on a year-to-year basis to make sure we meet that goal that we set. And the world is watching us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's current cap-and-trade program -- a market-based system in which companies purchase permits that allow them to pollute -- expires in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Sot4E0RV4fGlNdyzRrtTSZObBzCx8JgX\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts contend that cap and trade \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/09/26/10-years-in-has-californias-climate-law-really-lowered-emissions/\">wasn't the most vital initiative\u003c/a> in helping California achieve its current greenhouse gas targets, which mandate the state reduce emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2020. Instead, slow economic growth and new fuel and energy standards largely helped the state meet that goal. Questions remain as to whether cap and trade can assume such a supporting role going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The state’s goal for 2030 is really bold and ambitious,\" said \u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/directory/michael-wara/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Wara\u003c/a>, an associate professor at Stanford Law School who is advising legislators on cap and trade. \"Emissions reductions are going to be a little bit harder to achieve, because we can’t rely on unemployment and reduced income driving reductions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new goals outlined in last year's landmark climate change law, SB 32, are pushing lawmakers to make the cap-and-trade system tougher on emissions. Having those goals set in place also gives environmentalists the upper hand. If lawmakers can't agree on a way to extend the market-based system, the state could place costly mandates on companies to cut emissions, even if it results in the closure of factories or refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Command and control is the ultimate hammer. It’s a threat but there has to be some reality to the discussion.'\u003ccite>Loren Kaye, president of the California Foundation for Commerce and Education\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That alternative is called command and control, and is vehemently opposed by business groups like the California Chamber of Commerce and the Western States Petroleum Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Command and control is the ultimate hammer. It’s a threat but there has to be some reality to the discussion,\" said Loren Kaye, president of the California Foundation for Commerce and Education, a think tank affiliated with the California Chamber of Commerce. \"Does it mean there’s going to be no more open-grill cooking in California?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers acknowledge the high cost that command and control could place on businesses and consumers. But they're using the possibility as cover to propose significant changes to the current cap-and-trade program after 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have to realize that if nothing happens, it’s command and control,\" said Assemblywoman Cristina Garcia (D-Downey), who is pushing her own cap-and-trade bill in the Assembly. \"It is something [business groups] forget but I haven’t forgot when I’m in the room negotiating.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wieckowski's bill in the Senate would raise the minimum price, or floor, of emission allowances that companies must buy to $20 per metric ton, up from the current price of around $13.50. The hope is that the higher prices push companies to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases they emit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"EZ320oGk3gEoJVXuwV70L5HRQIZCbyt6\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would also end the business-friendly practice of offsets, in which companies can fund environmental projects around the country in exchange for the ability to pollute in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There has been some concern from the environmental justice community that these are not helping out the neighborhood,\" said Wieckowski.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia is pushing for a greater focus on addressing local clean air goals through cap and trade. One provision of her bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB378\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AB 378,\u003c/a> would penalize businesses if they don't reduce particulate matter in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think where cap and trade has failed is we’ve done a great job of being global leaders, but we’ve done a poor job of helping our backyard,\" Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business groups have come out against the bill, arguing its focus on clean air will prove costly. Kaye, who represents business interests, says it treats an actual cap-and-trade extension as an \"afterthought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia's environmental justice focus on cap and trade is resonating. This week, Gov. Jerry Brown joined Garcia for a tour of her district, which includes cities along Interstate 5 southeast of Los Angeles like Downey, Bell Gardens and Commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/AsmGarcia/status/867123969140285441\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I live five blocks from the freeway, one of the heaviest corridors that we have in California,\" Garcia said. \"Bell Gardens and Commerce are among the 5 percent most polluted cities in the state, so it’s personal now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor still disagrees with Garcia and Assembly Democrats over how many votes will be necessary to extend the cap-and-trade program. Brown's administration has been adamant that an extension should be approved on a two-thirds vote, to end an ongoing legal debate about how cap-and-trade revenues are raised and spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NancyEMcFadden/status/865358257145102336\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia said \"the courts are telling us it can\" proceed with a simple majority vote, referring to a recent state appeals court decision protecting the current cap-and-trade program. It's a sticking point that would have to be resolved in short order to meet the governor's desire to get a cap-and-trade deal in place next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a deadline that he would like, but it’s a self-imposed deadline,\" said Garcia. \"He’s not the king of California. We have different groups, including the Legislature, that get to decide whether or not the deadline is necessary. And in reality it’s not necessary.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Democratic lawmakers and Gov. Jerry Brown launched California last year \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/23/tougher-greenhouse-gas-emission-limits-move-forward-in-legislature/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">toward a new goal\u003c/a> of reducing greenhouse gases, they did so without addressing one of the state's key mechanisms for reaching the goal: the cap-and-trade program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By taking that first step of setting climate change reduction benchmarks, Democrats pushing for tougher environmental regulations now have leverage over businesses in determining how the state will reach its ambitious goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m sort of working backwards,\" said Sen. Bob Wieckowski (D-Fremont), who is carrying \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB775\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 775\u003c/a>, a cap-and-trade extension bill. \"We said here are our targets. But now we really have to figure what to do on a year-to-year basis to make sure we meet that goal that we set. And the world is watching us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's current cap-and-trade program -- a market-based system in which companies purchase permits that allow them to pollute -- expires in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts contend that cap and trade \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/09/26/10-years-in-has-californias-climate-law-really-lowered-emissions/\">wasn't the most vital initiative\u003c/a> in helping California achieve its current greenhouse gas targets, which mandate the state reduce emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2020. Instead, slow economic growth and new fuel and energy standards largely helped the state meet that goal. Questions remain as to whether cap and trade can assume such a supporting role going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The state’s goal for 2030 is really bold and ambitious,\" said \u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/directory/michael-wara/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Wara\u003c/a>, an associate professor at Stanford Law School who is advising legislators on cap and trade. \"Emissions reductions are going to be a little bit harder to achieve, because we can’t rely on unemployment and reduced income driving reductions.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new goals outlined in last year's landmark climate change law, SB 32, are pushing lawmakers to make the cap-and-trade system tougher on emissions. Having those goals set in place also gives environmentalists the upper hand. If lawmakers can't agree on a way to extend the market-based system, the state could place costly mandates on companies to cut emissions, even if it results in the closure of factories or refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Command and control is the ultimate hammer. It’s a threat but there has to be some reality to the discussion.'\u003ccite>Loren Kaye, president of the California Foundation for Commerce and Education\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>That alternative is called command and control, and is vehemently opposed by business groups like the California Chamber of Commerce and the Western States Petroleum Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Command and control is the ultimate hammer. It’s a threat but there has to be some reality to the discussion,\" said Loren Kaye, president of the California Foundation for Commerce and Education, a think tank affiliated with the California Chamber of Commerce. \"Does it mean there’s going to be no more open-grill cooking in California?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers acknowledge the high cost that command and control could place on businesses and consumers. But they're using the possibility as cover to propose significant changes to the current cap-and-trade program after 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have to realize that if nothing happens, it’s command and control,\" said Assemblywoman Cristina Garcia (D-Downey), who is pushing her own cap-and-trade bill in the Assembly. \"It is something [business groups] forget but I haven’t forgot when I’m in the room negotiating.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wieckowski's bill in the Senate would raise the minimum price, or floor, of emission allowances that companies must buy to $20 per metric ton, up from the current price of around $13.50. The hope is that the higher prices push companies to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases they emit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would also end the business-friendly practice of offsets, in which companies can fund environmental projects around the country in exchange for the ability to pollute in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There has been some concern from the environmental justice community that these are not helping out the neighborhood,\" said Wieckowski.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia is pushing for a greater focus on addressing local clean air goals through cap and trade. One provision of her bill, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB378\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AB 378,\u003c/a> would penalize businesses if they don't reduce particulate matter in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think where cap and trade has failed is we’ve done a great job of being global leaders, but we’ve done a poor job of helping our backyard,\" Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business groups have come out against the bill, arguing its focus on clean air will prove costly. Kaye, who represents business interests, says it treats an actual cap-and-trade extension as an \"afterthought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia's environmental justice focus on cap and trade is resonating. This week, Gov. Jerry Brown joined Garcia for a tour of her district, which includes cities along Interstate 5 southeast of Los Angeles like Downey, Bell Gardens and Commerce.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\"I live five blocks from the freeway, one of the heaviest corridors that we have in California,\" Garcia said. \"Bell Gardens and Commerce are among the 5 percent most polluted cities in the state, so it’s personal now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor still disagrees with Garcia and Assembly Democrats over how many votes will be necessary to extend the cap-and-trade program. Brown's administration has been adamant that an extension should be approved on a two-thirds vote, to end an ongoing legal debate about how cap-and-trade revenues are raised and spent.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Garcia said \"the courts are telling us it can\" proceed with a simple majority vote, referring to a recent state appeals court decision protecting the current cap-and-trade program. It's a sticking point that would have to be resolved in short order to meet the governor's desire to get a cap-and-trade deal in place next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a deadline that he would like, but it’s a self-imposed deadline,\" said Garcia. \"He’s not the king of California. We have different groups, including the Legislature, that get to decide whether or not the deadline is necessary. And in reality it’s not necessary.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Gov. Brown Optimistic on Climate Change, Trump",
"title": "Gov. Brown Optimistic on Climate Change, Trump",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown was optimistic about the state of climate change policy at a San Francisco conference on Wednesday, saying he was glad to see President Trump meet with Pope Francis this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pope Francis has been outspoken about the issue of climate change, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/05/24/pope-francis-presents-trump-with-a-politically-loaded-gift-his-encyclical-on-climate-change/?utm_term=.4bcd5941aafb\">gave Trump his nearly 200-page encyclical on the issue\u003c/a> at their Vatican meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s very good that the pope met with President Trump and very good that President Trump met with him. ... Don't underestimate the power of the Holy Father. I think that has effect,\" Brown told reporters before speaking to a group of Dutch and Californian public workers and business leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"MFdU8FibLbOIiWl2hAgstNPSvwXKezuz\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor said that despite Trump's rhetoric around climate change, \"I don't think President Donald Trump will want to stand aside as this climate story unfolds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown noted the president's shifting views on NATO and other issues since he took office. Trump is \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/24/donald-trump-paris-climate-decision-238770\">expected to make a decision on whether the U.S. will stay\u003c/a> in the groundbreaking Paris climate treaty when he returns from his overseas trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am cautiously optimistic that we’re going to make progress -- not as fast as I would like but not as disastrous as we were thinking just a few months ago,\" Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor appeared at the conference \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.climateisbigbusiness.com/home/default.aspx\">Climate is Big Business\u003c/a>,\" which is part of a Netherlands climate mission to California. The two-day event was co-hosted by the California Environmental Protection Agency and the Dutch government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"dixTukuEPCcdOsMISsyCddjJShWJ8Oqh\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appearance came about a week before Brown is set to leave for a larger climate change event in China. That country has emerged as a leader and key partner in the climate change fight as \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/23/us/california-engages-world-and-fights-washington-on-climate-change.html?_r=0\">Brown continues to push ambitious anti-pollution and clean energy programs\u003c/a>, even as the federal government backs away from such commitments under Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a speech to the group, Brown boasted that California has built up expertise in its environmental agencies that are \"more numerous and coherent\" than the federal government's, and took one dig at Republicans in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you can sense and see what's up ahead early enough, then the action you take will be easier to manage and a lot cheaper,\" Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no free lunch here and no escape. If we dawdle along and the Congress doesn't do what it should do and the president doesn't take the action, probably they'll be thrown out in two years or four years or whatever it will take, but then we will have to spend more money.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown was optimistic about the state of climate change policy at a San Francisco conference on Wednesday, saying he was glad to see President Trump meet with Pope Francis this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pope Francis has been outspoken about the issue of climate change, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/05/24/pope-francis-presents-trump-with-a-politically-loaded-gift-his-encyclical-on-climate-change/?utm_term=.4bcd5941aafb\">gave Trump his nearly 200-page encyclical on the issue\u003c/a> at their Vatican meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s very good that the pope met with President Trump and very good that President Trump met with him. ... Don't underestimate the power of the Holy Father. I think that has effect,\" Brown told reporters before speaking to a group of Dutch and Californian public workers and business leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor said that despite Trump's rhetoric around climate change, \"I don't think President Donald Trump will want to stand aside as this climate story unfolds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown noted the president's shifting views on NATO and other issues since he took office. Trump is \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/24/donald-trump-paris-climate-decision-238770\">expected to make a decision on whether the U.S. will stay\u003c/a> in the groundbreaking Paris climate treaty when he returns from his overseas trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am cautiously optimistic that we’re going to make progress -- not as fast as I would like but not as disastrous as we were thinking just a few months ago,\" Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor appeared at the conference \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.climateisbigbusiness.com/home/default.aspx\">Climate is Big Business\u003c/a>,\" which is part of a Netherlands climate mission to California. The two-day event was co-hosted by the California Environmental Protection Agency and the Dutch government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appearance came about a week before Brown is set to leave for a larger climate change event in China. That country has emerged as a leader and key partner in the climate change fight as \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/23/us/california-engages-world-and-fights-washington-on-climate-change.html?_r=0\">Brown continues to push ambitious anti-pollution and clean energy programs\u003c/a>, even as the federal government backs away from such commitments under Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a speech to the group, Brown boasted that California has built up expertise in its environmental agencies that are \"more numerous and coherent\" than the federal government's, and took one dig at Republicans in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you can sense and see what's up ahead early enough, then the action you take will be easier to manage and a lot cheaper,\" Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no free lunch here and no escape. If we dawdle along and the Congress doesn't do what it should do and the president doesn't take the action, probably they'll be thrown out in two years or four years or whatever it will take, but then we will have to spend more money.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Most of California’s Salmon and Trout Could be Extinct in 100 Years, Report Says",
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"content": "\u003cp>Conservation groups, fishing organizations and biologists have been working tirelessly for decades to protect California’s trout and salmon. They have restored floodplains where juveniles find food and shelter, are arranging to remove obstructive dams from the Klamath River and are constantly badgering water agencies to maintain suitable flows in important spawning streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a new report released Tuesday suggests their efforts may be largely for naught. Three-fourths of California’s native species and subspecies of salmonids may be extinct within 100 years, according to biologists at UC Davis and the watershed advocacy group California Trout. In their study, “\u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://caltrout.org/sos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">State of the Salmonids \u003cspan class=\"caps\">II\u003c/span>: Fish in Hot Water\u003c/a>,” the authors warned that climate change impacts and the severe degradation of habitat of wild rivers that continues to this day could extinguish almost half of California’s 32 types of native salmon and trout within 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maintaining populations of wild salmon and trout is important since it essentially requires maintaining healthy sources of clean, cold water, which is good for much more than just fish. “Resilient fish populations indicate healthy waters, important for drinking water, agriculture, commerce and the health of people and the environments in which we live,” the report notes. “Declining fish populations indicate degraded waters, which threaten the health and economic well-being of all Californians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">River water just a few degrees above a critical threshold can easily kill salmon and trout at any of their life stages.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>According to the report, the most threatened of California’s native salmonids are the southern steelhead, the winter-run Sacramento River Chinook salmon and the Central California coho salmon. The bull trout, last seen in California in the McCloud River in 1975, is already locally extinct. The coastal rainbow trout, the biologists said, may be California’s only native salmonid to survive for the long haul in any abundance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scientists wrote that agricultural demands for river water, population growth and alteration of the San Francisco Bay and Delta ecosystem are major factors affecting salmonids’ long-term survival odds. Fish hatcheries that boost catchable numbers of salmon and steelhead but dilute native species’ gene pools are also problematic. Wildfires, which are getting bigger and more frequent, also pose a threat to mountain trout populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No single stressor, however, is likely to outweigh the broad and devastating impacts of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is the major, overarching anthropogenic threat affecting salmonids in California,” the authors wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River water just a few degrees above a critical threshold can easily kill salmon and trout at any of their life stages, from fertilized egg to spawning adult. This makes rising temperatures especially worrisome. Because mountain snowpack will melt earlier and faster each year under warmer conditions, streams may swell more rapidly to flood stages in the spring, then quickly diminish again in the hot, dry summer months – precisely when certain runs of fish need cold water the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warming trends could also upend wind and current cycles that drive ocean upwelling, which brings nutrients to the surface and provides food for salmon. Even sea level rise, caused by the melting of polar ice caps, will impact salmon by submerging valuable marshland and lagoons where young fish find shelter and food, the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the authors said there is hope for preserving fish populations. Curtis Knight, executive director of California Trout, said at a press conference Tuesday that restoring mountain meadows could be one effective strategy for keeping spawning streams flowing all year. That’s because meadows can absorb water like giant sponges and release it slowly into creeks through the dry summer months – a service currently provided by summer snowpack but which is threatened by global warming. [contextly_sidebar id=”e2GY1Y97n10ptpmylbto1I9omPPwLiJt”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors also recommended restoring floodplains alongside rivers. Research by California Trout has demonstrated that flooding seasonal cropland in the Sacramento Valley can significantly improve survival rates of juvenile Chinook salmon born far upstream. Inundated floodplains provide young fish with abundant food as well as refuge from predators and deadly irrigation pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Report coauthor Peter Moyle, a biologist with \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> Davis’s Center for Watershed Sciences, wrote in a foreword to the study that preserving salmon and trout in California will make waves far beyond the state’s own waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[W]hat we Californians do to enhance the resilience of our native fishes is likely to set examples for the rest of the world,” Moyle wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Knight said that keeping cold water flowing through a natural stream channel – the basic conditions that trout and salmon need – shouldn’t be a terribly difficult task in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">“We’re the innovators, the pioneers, one of the most important food-producing regions in the world, and the leaders in technology,” he wrote. “What would the loss of our native fish mean for who we are?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cem>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Water Deeply\u003c/a>, and you can find the original \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/05/17/report-extinction-looming-for-most-of-californias-salmon-and-trout\">here\u003c/a>. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003ca href=\"http://nwsdp.ly/waterlist\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sign up to the Water Deeply email list\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Conservation groups, fishing organizations and biologists have been working tirelessly for decades to protect California’s trout and salmon. They have restored floodplains where juveniles find food and shelter, are arranging to remove obstructive dams from the Klamath River and are constantly badgering water agencies to maintain suitable flows in important spawning streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a new report released Tuesday suggests their efforts may be largely for naught. Three-fourths of California’s native species and subspecies of salmonids may be extinct within 100 years, according to biologists at UC Davis and the watershed advocacy group California Trout. In their study, “\u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://caltrout.org/sos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">State of the Salmonids \u003cspan class=\"caps\">II\u003c/span>: Fish in Hot Water\u003c/a>,” the authors warned that climate change impacts and the severe degradation of habitat of wild rivers that continues to this day could extinguish almost half of California’s 32 types of native salmon and trout within 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maintaining populations of wild salmon and trout is important since it essentially requires maintaining healthy sources of clean, cold water, which is good for much more than just fish. “Resilient fish populations indicate healthy waters, important for drinking water, agriculture, commerce and the health of people and the environments in which we live,” the report notes. “Declining fish populations indicate degraded waters, which threaten the health and economic well-being of all Californians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">River water just a few degrees above a critical threshold can easily kill salmon and trout at any of their life stages.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>According to the report, the most threatened of California’s native salmonids are the southern steelhead, the winter-run Sacramento River Chinook salmon and the Central California coho salmon. The bull trout, last seen in California in the McCloud River in 1975, is already locally extinct. The coastal rainbow trout, the biologists said, may be California’s only native salmonid to survive for the long haul in any abundance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scientists wrote that agricultural demands for river water, population growth and alteration of the San Francisco Bay and Delta ecosystem are major factors affecting salmonids’ long-term survival odds. Fish hatcheries that boost catchable numbers of salmon and steelhead but dilute native species’ gene pools are also problematic. Wildfires, which are getting bigger and more frequent, also pose a threat to mountain trout populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No single stressor, however, is likely to outweigh the broad and devastating impacts of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is the major, overarching anthropogenic threat affecting salmonids in California,” the authors wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>River water just a few degrees above a critical threshold can easily kill salmon and trout at any of their life stages, from fertilized egg to spawning adult. This makes rising temperatures especially worrisome. Because mountain snowpack will melt earlier and faster each year under warmer conditions, streams may swell more rapidly to flood stages in the spring, then quickly diminish again in the hot, dry summer months – precisely when certain runs of fish need cold water the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warming trends could also upend wind and current cycles that drive ocean upwelling, which brings nutrients to the surface and provides food for salmon. Even sea level rise, caused by the melting of polar ice caps, will impact salmon by submerging valuable marshland and lagoons where young fish find shelter and food, the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the authors said there is hope for preserving fish populations. Curtis Knight, executive director of California Trout, said at a press conference Tuesday that restoring mountain meadows could be one effective strategy for keeping spawning streams flowing all year. That’s because meadows can absorb water like giant sponges and release it slowly into creeks through the dry summer months – a service currently provided by summer snowpack but which is threatened by global warming. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors also recommended restoring floodplains alongside rivers. Research by California Trout has demonstrated that flooding seasonal cropland in the Sacramento Valley can significantly improve survival rates of juvenile Chinook salmon born far upstream. Inundated floodplains provide young fish with abundant food as well as refuge from predators and deadly irrigation pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Report coauthor Peter Moyle, a biologist with \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> Davis’s Center for Watershed Sciences, wrote in a foreword to the study that preserving salmon and trout in California will make waves far beyond the state’s own waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[W]hat we Californians do to enhance the resilience of our native fishes is likely to set examples for the rest of the world,” Moyle wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Knight said that keeping cold water flowing through a natural stream channel – the basic conditions that trout and salmon need – shouldn’t be a terribly difficult task in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">“We’re the innovators, the pioneers, one of the most important food-producing regions in the world, and the leaders in technology,” he wrote. “What would the loss of our native fish mean for who we are?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">\u003cem>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Water Deeply\u003c/a>, and you can find the original \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/05/17/report-extinction-looming-for-most-of-californias-salmon-and-trout\">here\u003c/a>. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003ca href=\"http://nwsdp.ly/waterlist\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sign up to the Water Deeply email list\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Global climate change is a such a dramatic and vast event, it can be hard to find reasons to believe we can change the momentum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalist Paul Hawken, in his new book, offers 100 reasons to hope. Hawken is a seasoned advocate for the power of human action to address climate change. He co-founded the retail and catalog company \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_%26_Hawken\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Smith & Hawken\u003c/a> and has written several best-selling books.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His latest is called \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.drawdown.org/the-book/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive Plan Ever Proposed to Reduce Global Warming\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/author/dkatayama/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Devin Katayama\u003c/a> spoke with Paul Hawken about his book and what each one of us can do to “draw down” the atmosphere’s carbon load.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>Katayama: You call this the most comprehensive plan ever proposed to reduce global warming. That’s a pretty bold statement.\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: Not only bold, it’s cheeky and rash [but] it is the most comprehensive plan to reverse global warming because no one has ever proposed a plan. In three years of research, with over 200 scientists and research fellows, we discovered that there is a de facto plan afoot in the world to reduce global warming but it’s not top down. It’s not from some person or some institution. It’s a collective wisdom, if you will.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1592341\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1592341\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-800x601.jpg\" alt=\"In his new book Paul Hawken lays out a 100 point plan for slowing and reversing human-caused climate change.\" width=\"800\" height=\"601\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-800x601.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-768x577.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-1920x1442.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-1180x886.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-960x721.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-375x282.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In his new book, Paul Hawken lays out a 100 point plan for slowing and reversing human-caused climate change. \u003ccite>(Paul Hawken)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>\u003cb>Katayama\u003c/b>: And so you did talk to a ton of scientists and you came up with this whole list of things that the world needs to do in the coming decades to really tackle climate change. What are some of the recommendations that you learned?\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: We don’t make recommendations. We map, measure and model the 100 most substantive solutions. And we went through hundreds of solutions and tested and did the math. All the data are based on peer reviewed science.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>\u003cb>Katayama\u003c/b>: Well let’s talk about one of the solutions in your book. It’s called the micro-grid and it’s this really fascinating example of zero-carbon energy, this idea that a neighborhood can be its own energy supplier. Tell us why that is and how these micro-grids work.\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: The micro-grid is really localization of energy. We hear a lot about local food, and farm to fork; this is sun to home. You’re gathering your energy locally, but you’re actually in a small grid and you’re sharing it in a way that allows for peaks and valleys of the energy, different sources of energy. And in developing countries they can’t afford power grids. They’re too remote. They don’t have the money in the first place. They don’t have centralized energy generation plants. And for them they can \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leapfrogging\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">leapfrog\u003c/a> where we are today to a very different system, where they use micro-wind and solar and larger wind turbines.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-1592343\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-800x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Drawdown_coverhires\" width=\"300\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-800x1024.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-160x205.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-768x983.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-1020x1305.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-1920x2457.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-1180x1510.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-960x1228.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-240x307.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-375x480.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-520x665.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">They then can create an energy grid that supplies all the needs they have. You see this throughout India and Africa and eventually we’re going to see it in the United States, not because we’re a low income country but because it’ll be cheaper. Because people [will] have energy storage in their homes, they’ll have energy generation on their roofs and they’ll hook up to each other and it’ll be cheaper than what we’re paying today.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>\u003cb>Katayama: \u003c/b>As you look ahead, what industries or business do you think stand to make the most progress?\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: I think the biggest industry that can influence global warming is the food industry, and that surprised us when we did the modeling and assumed it would be energy. But actually, food has the biggest impact in terms of reversing [climate change] in reducing energy use and sequestering carbon. [It can] bring carbon back down from the atmosphere by photosynthesis and store it in the soil. Our recommendations are actually is profitable, regenerative farming techniques create more productivity. [Regenerative farming] has so many benefits and it’s such an exciting area for people to go into. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>\u003cb>Katayama\u003c/b>: What about individuals? What can I do in my home to help out?\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: The number one thing you can do, and I’m starting to do it now too by the way (which I thought I did before, but wasn’t so aware of it) is reduce food waste. Americans waste 40 percent of the food that we produce. And it takes a lot of energy to produce that food, not just on a farm level but shipping and storage and packing and distribution and processing. It takes 14 or 15 calories for every calorie you consume, and then you toss it. Not in San Francisco, but in most cities in the world and certainly in the United States, that food then goes to landfills and produces methane, a greenhouse gas which is 34 times more powerful than CO2. So, reducing food waste.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">And now, my wife calls me \u003cem>animalito\u003c/em> [or “little animal”]. She’s Spanish and calls me that because I’m eating everything you’d normally throw away.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>This interview was edited and abridged for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\n\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Reversing Climate Change? California Author Offers 100 Reasons to Hope | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Global climate change is a such a dramatic and vast event, it can be hard to find reasons to believe we can change the momentum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalist Paul Hawken, in his new book, offers 100 reasons to hope. Hawken is a seasoned advocate for the power of human action to address climate change. He co-founded the retail and catalog company \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_%26_Hawken\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Smith & Hawken\u003c/a> and has written several best-selling books.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His latest is called \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.drawdown.org/the-book/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive Plan Ever Proposed to Reduce Global Warming\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/author/dkatayama/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Devin Katayama\u003c/a> spoke with Paul Hawken about his book and what each one of us can do to “draw down” the atmosphere’s carbon load.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>Katayama: You call this the most comprehensive plan ever proposed to reduce global warming. That’s a pretty bold statement.\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: Not only bold, it’s cheeky and rash [but] it is the most comprehensive plan to reverse global warming because no one has ever proposed a plan. In three years of research, with over 200 scientists and research fellows, we discovered that there is a de facto plan afoot in the world to reduce global warming but it’s not top down. It’s not from some person or some institution. It’s a collective wisdom, if you will.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1592341\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1592341\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-800x601.jpg\" alt=\"In his new book Paul Hawken lays out a 100 point plan for slowing and reversing human-caused climate change.\" width=\"800\" height=\"601\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-800x601.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-768x577.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-1920x1442.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-1180x886.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-960x721.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-375x282.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/PaulHawken1-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In his new book, Paul Hawken lays out a 100 point plan for slowing and reversing human-caused climate change. \u003ccite>(Paul Hawken)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>\u003cb>Katayama\u003c/b>: And so you did talk to a ton of scientists and you came up with this whole list of things that the world needs to do in the coming decades to really tackle climate change. What are some of the recommendations that you learned?\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: We don’t make recommendations. We map, measure and model the 100 most substantive solutions. And we went through hundreds of solutions and tested and did the math. All the data are based on peer reviewed science.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>\u003cb>Katayama\u003c/b>: Well let’s talk about one of the solutions in your book. It’s called the micro-grid and it’s this really fascinating example of zero-carbon energy, this idea that a neighborhood can be its own energy supplier. Tell us why that is and how these micro-grids work.\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: The micro-grid is really localization of energy. We hear a lot about local food, and farm to fork; this is sun to home. You’re gathering your energy locally, but you’re actually in a small grid and you’re sharing it in a way that allows for peaks and valleys of the energy, different sources of energy. And in developing countries they can’t afford power grids. They’re too remote. They don’t have the money in the first place. They don’t have centralized energy generation plants. And for them they can \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leapfrogging\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">leapfrog\u003c/a> where we are today to a very different system, where they use micro-wind and solar and larger wind turbines.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-1592343\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-800x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Drawdown_coverhires\" width=\"300\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-800x1024.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-160x205.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-768x983.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-1020x1305.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-1920x2457.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-1180x1510.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-960x1228.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-240x307.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-375x480.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/04/Drawdown_coverhires-520x665.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">They then can create an energy grid that supplies all the needs they have. You see this throughout India and Africa and eventually we’re going to see it in the United States, not because we’re a low income country but because it’ll be cheaper. Because people [will] have energy storage in their homes, they’ll have energy generation on their roofs and they’ll hook up to each other and it’ll be cheaper than what we’re paying today.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>\u003cb>Katayama: \u003c/b>As you look ahead, what industries or business do you think stand to make the most progress?\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: I think the biggest industry that can influence global warming is the food industry, and that surprised us when we did the modeling and assumed it would be energy. But actually, food has the biggest impact in terms of reversing [climate change] in reducing energy use and sequestering carbon. [It can] bring carbon back down from the atmosphere by photosynthesis and store it in the soil. Our recommendations are actually is profitable, regenerative farming techniques create more productivity. [Regenerative farming] has so many benefits and it’s such an exciting area for people to go into. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>\u003cb>Katayama\u003c/b>: What about individuals? What can I do in my home to help out?\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Hawken: The number one thing you can do, and I’m starting to do it now too by the way (which I thought I did before, but wasn’t so aware of it) is reduce food waste. Americans waste 40 percent of the food that we produce. And it takes a lot of energy to produce that food, not just on a farm level but shipping and storage and packing and distribution and processing. It takes 14 or 15 calories for every calorie you consume, and then you toss it. Not in San Francisco, but in most cities in the world and certainly in the United States, that food then goes to landfills and produces methane, a greenhouse gas which is 34 times more powerful than CO2. So, reducing food waste.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">And now, my wife calls me \u003cem>animalito\u003c/em> [or “little animal”]. She’s Spanish and calls me that because I’m eating everything you’d normally throw away.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>This interview was edited and abridged for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "rising-seas-claiming-californias-coast-faster-than-scientists-imagined",
"title": "Rising Seas Claiming California's Coast Faster Than Scientists Imagined",
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"headTitle": "Rising Seas Claiming California’s Coast Faster Than Scientists Imagined | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">A\u003c/span> slow-moving emergency is lapping at California’s shores — climate-driven sea-level rise that experts now predict could elevate the water in coastal areas up to 10 feet in just 70 years, gobbling up beachfront and overwhelming low-lying cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The speed with which polar ice is melting and glacier shelves are cracking off indicates to some scientists that once-unthinkable outer-range projections of sea rise may turn out to be too conservative. A knee-buckling new \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/rising-seas-in-california-an-update-on-sea-level-rise-science-1.pdf?x35230\">state-commissioned report\u003c/a> warns that if nothing changes, California’s coastal waters will rise at a rate 30 to 40 times faster than in the last century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potential result: crippled economies, compromised public safety, submerged infrastructure and a forced retreat from our iconic Pacific coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No state has done more than California to curb greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change and sea-level rise. But experts say that even if carbon reductions continue, residual warming of the ocean will continue unchecked, breeding surges that will impact the state’s coast and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month the U.S. Geological Survey \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/news/disappearing-beaches-modeling-shoreline-change-southern-california\">estimated\u003c/a> that without concerted intervention, as much as 67 percent of Southern California’s beaches could be lost to rising seas by the end of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A consensus of scientific research makes catastrophic projections that, in the worst case, will be reality by the end of this century:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>International airports in San Francisco and Oakland will face flooding, rendering them unusable.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Housing perched on fast-eroding coastal bluffs in Pacifica and elsewhere will continue to crash into the sea.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Malibu’s Broad Beach will dwindle into a seldom-seen slice of sand, its name an oxymoron.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Flooding in the Delta will overwhelm rivers and strain levees critical to California’s water supply.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Power plants, nuclear waste sites and other sensitive waterside sites need to be fortified or will be lost.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Roads, bridges and railways along the coast from Mendocino to San Diego will be abandoned and relocated inland.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>San Francisco’s Embarcadero and low-lying cities such as Huntington Beach will flood more frequently and more severely.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>More than 42,000 homes in California will be under water — not merely flooded, but with seawater over roofs.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The grim outlook is mirrored in the latest report, which is being presented April 26 for adoption by the state’s Ocean Protection Council. Its sea-level rise projections will assist state agencies and local governments with planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No stretch of the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://coast.noaa.gov/data/docs/states/shorelines.pdf\">3,400 miles\u003c/a> of coast, bays, inlets and islands will be spared. Addressing sea-level rise will cost a staggering amount of public and private money, and will particularly impact the poor and vulnerable. The problem becomes more urgent with much of California’s wealth huddled along the coast, supporting an ocean-dependent $44 billion economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, state and local officials may come to the gut-wrenching conclusion that some coastal land should be simply abandoned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not doing well at all,” said Democratic Assemblyman Mark Stone, chairman of the Select Committee on Coastal Protection and Access to Natural Resources. “We have yet to really start to answer the hard questions and make policy — saying, ‘No, we are not going to put public money here.’ Eventually we should get to the point that we are not going to do any public investment in those places any more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most scientists tread lightly in the policy realm, providing the information for others to craft into regulations. Not Bill Patzert, who has for years sounded the alarm about rising oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not an existential threat. It’s real. It’s gonna happen,” said Patzert, a climatologist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “Here’s the bigger issue: If you’re in the tunnel and you see the train coming at you, what do you do? Do you race towards it or do you back out? It’s just common sense. As a society, why aren’t we doing that?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/regional-rs-opt.gif\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>How high will it go? \u003ca href=\"#anchor\">Check sea level rise near your neighborhood\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nScientists use maps such as this to help state and local officials plan for sea level rise and associated flooding. This interactive graphic shows potential flood zones with water up to 10 feet, the outer range of current projections. (Map by Climate Central)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">F\u003c/span>rom deep in the hive of large brains at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, set hard against the San Gabriel Mountains, an intense group of scientists from Caltech and the NASA are harnessing satellites that for decades have been peering into space and are now directing their gaze to Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers — with advanced degrees in physics, mathematics and oceanography — are engaged in what many consider to be the critical research of our time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are watching ice melt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sitting alone in a cubicle, bathed in the glow of a computer screen or staring down the barrel of a telescope, can be a balm for scientists. Concerning themselves with one finite slice of a planet-wide catastrophe allows them to compartmentalize and disengage from the entire sobering picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even professional detachment fails against the unfolding horror show depicted in the cold display of satellite imagery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in the process of watching the ice sheet in Greenland disappear,” said the lab’s oceanographer Josh Willis, who leads a team studying Greenland. “This is the first time humans have been able to measure it. The last time it was shrinking at this rate was tens of thousands of years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swHW80EWIk0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The diminishment of Greenland’s ice mass has been accelerating alarmingly, losing a trillion tons in the last four years. The rapid melting is getting the attention of scientists because locked away in the Greenland ice sheet is the possibility to raise global sea levels by 24 feet. The Antarctic holds 187 feet of potential ice melt. Polar ice loss on that scale would have unfathomable consequences for continued life on Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis uses satellites to measure the warmth of the waters around Greenland. Because he has a sense of humor, his project is known to all as OMG: Oceans Melting Greenland. (He preferred calling it Water Temperature Fjords, but couldn’t get the acronym past government sensibilities.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As scientists, we’re witnessing these huge events, and it’s telling us how the Earth is changing,” Willis said. “Of course, I’m also a citizen, I live on this planet, and it is worrying that it’s happening. It’s sometimes profoundly shocking to wake up and realize we’re reshaping our entire planet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">U\u003c/span>nderstanding the threat of sea-level rise in California depends to some extent on where you are standing: Boots in the dust of the Central Valley and you might curse the lateness of a rail shipment held up by flooding at the port of Oakland; bare feet in the sand at Huntington Beach and you may have to consider relocating your family, your home and all your possessions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some simple math: Every inch of sea-level rise equates to an 8- to 10-feet loss of beach. So, using the conservative projection of a 4-foot rise, and the lower-end 8-foot-per inch formula, that equates to 384 feet of coastal beach loss in the next 70 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 10-foot rise scenario, which scientists peg as the new worst-case, would cause a land loss of 800 feet — the length of two-and-a-half football fields. The sea will not rise the same amount in every place; scientists say each discrete elevation is dependent on factors such as the shape of the sea floor and the slope of the landfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”MOJVPynj3hoY0QFxBoHsTER6Y383wdd2″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Considering the scope of this coming catastrophe, it does not appear to be front-of-mind to many in the state. But that doesn’t mean it’s gone unstudied. California has a peerless capacity to turn over problems until they are smooth and shiny. Understanding comes first, with action often a distant and expensive second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tour through recent scientific analyses:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://pacinst.org/publication/the-impacts-of-sea-level-rise-on-the-california-coast/\">2009 report\u003c/a> on sea-level rise commissioned by the state paints worst-case scenarios that are the stuff of disaster movies: A half-million Californians at risk of flooding and more than $100 billion worth of infrastructure. More than two dozen coastal power plants flooded, along with hundreds of hazardous waste facilities, as well as schools, hospitals, police stations, ports and major airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2012 \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacinst.org/app/uploads/2013/02/sea_level_rise_sf_bay_cec3.pdf\">report\u003c/a> prepared for the California Energy Commission focused just on the San Francisco Bay and its 1,000 miles of shoreline, concluding: “Rising sea levels will overwhelm the existing protection structures, putting the 140,000 people currently living in vulnerable areas at increased risk.” The authors cautioned their findings did not reflect worst-case scenarios. And, if no action is taken to address the vulnerabilities, the risk projections should be considered “substantially low.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Assembly weighed in with a \u003ca href=\"http://lafco.smcgov.org/sites/lafco.smcgov.org/files/documents/files/Select%20Committee%20Sea-Level%20Rise%20Report.pdf\">report\u003c/a> in 2014, and the next year the Senate chimed in with its own \u003ca href=\"http://senv.senate.ca.gov/sites/senv.senate.ca.gov/files/Climate%20Change%20Adaptation_California%20State%20Senate_2015.pdf\">review\u003c/a>, amping it up a bit: “With current projections, rising seas combined with a 100-year flood event would close over 2,000 miles of roadway, the Oakland and San Francisco airports, and the Port of Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sobering fact of those state-of-the-art reports, recent though they are, is that they are already out of date and not nearly comprehensive enough in describing the scope of what currently faces California. Nor remotely scary enough. What scientists are observing now is, they say, a rapid and steep change that, even as it unfolds over comparatively long periods of time, is nonetheless occurring at a breathtaking pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11428170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-800x487.jpg\" alt=\"A melting glacier calving.\" width=\"800\" height=\"487\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11428170\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-800x487.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-1020x621.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-1180x718.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-960x584.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-240x146.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-375x228.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-520x316.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A melting glacier calving. \u003ccite>(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">S\u003c/span>ea-level rise is caused primarily by two factors related to global warming: the expansion of seawater as it heats up and the added water volume from melting ice. Researchers focused on glacial melt in Greenland and Antarctica see the process as an action-packed cataclysm marked by heaving ice shelves collapsing into the sea and sheets of decaying ice sloughing off the end of a continent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The power unleashed by that tide of ice is awesome to contemplate. Water has always been one of the most destructive and transformative forces in nature. With warmer waters creating more energy that incubates more powerful storms, some see a near future in which seas assault our coast more frequently and with greater force. Exhibit A: California’s past winter, when repeated storms lashed the state, resulting in a preliminary price tag of $569 million and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/news-release/2017/02/14/president-trump-approves-major-disaster-declaration-california\">federal disaster declaration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”8KyRocF3RKw0FoMkxWYmIMHzH54c6CW7″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists warn that intensified\u003ca href=\"http://research.noaa.gov/News/NewsArchive/LatestNews/TabId/684/ArtMID/1768/ArticleID/11723/Leftover-warm-water-in-Pacific-Ocean-fueled-massive-El-Ni241o.aspx\"> El Nino \u003c/a>events, coupled with higher seas, will bring about unprecedented flooding. What civil engineers refer to as nuisance flooding — overwhelmed storm sewers and street flooding — is already more common. \u003ca href=\"http://california.kingtides.net/\">King Tides\u003c/a> are getting worse. Commuting times, the ability of first-responders to get to an accident scene, and the transportation of goods by road will be severely compromised, researchers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That risk, too, can be observed at its point of origin. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) maintains tide gauges that bob and float in U.S. waters, sentinels sending out a stream of data measuring current sea levels. The information feeds tidal forecasts used by surfers and mariners, and is also monitored by emergency services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/sltrends.html\">tide and currents map\u003c/a> is both colorful and alarming. The maps depict the North American continent ringed by arrows pointing straight up, denoting trending rising sea levels, like pickets defending the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out the coast is all-but defenseless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brett Sanders, a civil and environmental engineer at UC Irvine, is using a grant from the National Science Foundation to help inform communities along the California and northern Mexican coast about the risk of rising waters. Most people are thrilled that they’ve managed to fulfill a dream of living near the beach, Sanders said, and are unaware of what they should do to protect themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have done a bad job of mapping flood risk. It’s awful,” Sanders said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zillow, the website that calculates residential real estate values, recently took its maps of coastal property and overlaid NOAA’s sea-level projections. Using what are now thought to be conservative projections, the company estimated 2 million coastal homes in the United States would be underwater by the end of the century. Not as in being upside down on a mortgage, but as in fish swimming through the den. The total value of those homes? Nearly $1 trillion, in California, $49 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zillow’s chief economist, Svenja Gudell, said she was surprised that when the company shared its\u003ca href=\"https://www.zillow.com/research/climate-change-underwater-homes-12890/\"> information\u003c/a> with mayors or city planners, officials saw it as an event that would take place far in the future. “For some of these places the time horizon is not 100 years, it’s happening now,” she said. “It’s not as top of mind as it should be or you would like it to be. People are underinsured when it comes to flood insurance. The system is broken.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gudell said that her research showed that homeowners living in high-risk areas are not getting market cues —real estate values in beach areas destroyed by Hurricane Sandy are now higher than before the superstorm that played out on national television in the fall of 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were not able to explain that rationally,” Gudell said. “We will see in the future, if you are on a cliff and that cliff is further eroding and if you put a piece of property on that land, it won’t be safe anymore. For now, the benefit of living in these homes clearly outweighs the current and future cost of living there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11428176\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-800x599.jpg\" alt=\"Apartment buildings hang perilously over an increasingly eroded bluff in Pacifica.\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11428176\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-800x599.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-1020x764.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-1180x884.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-960x719.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-520x389.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Apartment buildings hang perilously over an increasingly eroded bluff in Pacifica. \u003ccite>(Eric Cheng/The Nature Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Which leaves us with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/national-flood-insurance-program\">National Flood Insurance Program\u003c/a>, a troubled and debt-ridden program operated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The flood insurance covers millions of Americans living in flood zones, based on maps that are decades out of date. The program is currently $24 billion in debt and requires reauthorization from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the federal insurance say the rates don’t reflect current risks, leaving taxpayers on the hook for someone else’s folly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic state Sen. Henry Stern represents a coastal district that includes Malibu and a string of state beaches. A lifelong surfer, he understands the attraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s so alluring,” he said of living by the beach. “But my whole thing is to make the market tell the truth about it. We know where sea level rise is going to happen. What I don’t want to happen is for all of us to bear the bill afterwards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the horrific projections scientists have repeatedly shared about public health and safety associated with rising seas, it might be the economic cost that spurs action. A 2016 \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2961.epdf?referrer_access_token=cgJFXWlBrOrbB2rhtzQ-w9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0NW5dzPCV1LQTM2JMQvXgeVn3tMRlxMKqplqdO2K8lMw-F6rujRXhG6lI8cdfGPsASvKqsv2kvbbX_NlaMAWQY4uy470S-qmZZAuPl9Bj3JzEiJ6pR7Mqt1NXJcMNys_U_M_ZuC\">paper\u003c/a> published in the journal Nature estimated the annual global cost for sea-level rise adaptation measures at about $421 billion per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors of the study argue that the figure doesn’t take into account population growth and clustering around coasts. By the year 2100, the report warns, the price tag for mass relocations could exceed $14 trillion. Given California’s coastal population clusters — 75 percent of the state’s residents live in a coastal county — the figure here will be enormous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he Ocean Protection Council receiving the new science report is a state agency whose mission, as its name implies, is to look after the welfare of California’s piece of the Pacific Ocean. It’s an almost laughably large responsibility, and one that the members approach thoughtfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report placed the scientific findings at the forefront, said Liz Whiteman, the science and strategy director for the Ocean Science Trust, which was a partner in the study. That means the analysis does not entertain the question of whether climate change is altering the behavior of the Pacific. Nor does it belabor stale arguments about how weather has always changed. It is, rather, an unsparing document that presents the best projections about the range of sea rise, and, for the first time, assigns a probability and risk to those numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is in a great place for being willing to call the hard question and not shying away,” Whiteman said. “There is no doubt that there is some scary information contained in a report looking at sea-level rise and our future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Cayan, one of seven scientists who contributed to the newest report, is a researcher at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, investigating how climate affects changes in oceans. Viewed from his office window in La Jolla, the Pacific Ocean appears benign and soothing. But a glimpse into the updated information he’s assembling paints a different, darker picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"anchor\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New data and more sophisticated modeling, he said, coupled with more extreme climate warming, “Is going to be pushing the amount of sea-level rise above what was thought to be reasonable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border:0px;scrolling:no;width:100%;height:530px\" src=\"https://ss2.climatecentral.org/widget.html?utm_source=David%20Marks%20KQED&utm_medium=embed&utm_campaign=SS2-Map#6/36.880/-119.443?show=satellite&projections=1-RCP85-SLR&level=10&unit=feet&pois=hide&contentTitle=Check%20sea%20level%20rise%20near%20your%20neighborhood\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comparing previous projections to current ones, he said, is no longer useful. “We’re actually off this scale,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cayan pulls out the 2012 report from the National Research Council, which is the basis for California’s current sea-level rise assumptions and the predicate for the state’s coastal policies. The mid-range of its projections envisions about 3 feet of rise by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he carefully takes out a sheet with the new data. Cayan points at the the elaborate graphs to the updated mid-range projection— 8½ feet. Cayan and his colleagues shrug off questions about how to apply their science—that’s the job of the politicians. But the report does counsel state officials to consider the worst-case scenario in their deliberations, and cautions: “Waiting for scientific certainty is neither a safe nor prudent option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what now? California planners and policymakers will pore over the latest report. Their deliberations will result, at some point, in “updated guidance” to use the parlance of the bureaucracy. The final document will help local officials incorporate the sea-level rise projections into their future plans for building and safety, in some cases altering zoning and building codes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Greenland’s summer ice melt season begins, and the 2-mile deep ice sheet that was created in the last Ice Age continues to shrink. Researchers drilling ice cores have been astounded to find more and more streams of water rushing below the sheet—a river of water scything through ice. The proliferation of these ‘melt streams’ is leading scientists to consider that the loss of Greenland’s ice may be set on an unstoppable trajectory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No longer a matter of if, but only of when.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the first in a series: Next up — how is California planning for the seemingly inevitable. CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A knee-buckling new report warns that if nothing changes, California’s coastal waters will rise at a rate 30 to 40 times faster than in the last century.",
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"title": "Rising Seas Claiming California's Coast Faster Than Scientists Imagined | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/julie-cart/\">Julie Cart\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">A\u003c/span> slow-moving emergency is lapping at California’s shores — climate-driven sea-level rise that experts now predict could elevate the water in coastal areas up to 10 feet in just 70 years, gobbling up beachfront and overwhelming low-lying cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The speed with which polar ice is melting and glacier shelves are cracking off indicates to some scientists that once-unthinkable outer-range projections of sea rise may turn out to be too conservative. A knee-buckling new \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/rising-seas-in-california-an-update-on-sea-level-rise-science-1.pdf?x35230\">state-commissioned report\u003c/a> warns that if nothing changes, California’s coastal waters will rise at a rate 30 to 40 times faster than in the last century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potential result: crippled economies, compromised public safety, submerged infrastructure and a forced retreat from our iconic Pacific coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No state has done more than California to curb greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change and sea-level rise. But experts say that even if carbon reductions continue, residual warming of the ocean will continue unchecked, breeding surges that will impact the state’s coast and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month the U.S. Geological Survey \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/news/disappearing-beaches-modeling-shoreline-change-southern-california\">estimated\u003c/a> that without concerted intervention, as much as 67 percent of Southern California’s beaches could be lost to rising seas by the end of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A consensus of scientific research makes catastrophic projections that, in the worst case, will be reality by the end of this century:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>International airports in San Francisco and Oakland will face flooding, rendering them unusable.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Housing perched on fast-eroding coastal bluffs in Pacifica and elsewhere will continue to crash into the sea.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Malibu’s Broad Beach will dwindle into a seldom-seen slice of sand, its name an oxymoron.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Flooding in the Delta will overwhelm rivers and strain levees critical to California’s water supply.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Power plants, nuclear waste sites and other sensitive waterside sites need to be fortified or will be lost.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Roads, bridges and railways along the coast from Mendocino to San Diego will be abandoned and relocated inland.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>San Francisco’s Embarcadero and low-lying cities such as Huntington Beach will flood more frequently and more severely.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>More than 42,000 homes in California will be under water — not merely flooded, but with seawater over roofs.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The grim outlook is mirrored in the latest report, which is being presented April 26 for adoption by the state’s Ocean Protection Council. Its sea-level rise projections will assist state agencies and local governments with planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No stretch of the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://coast.noaa.gov/data/docs/states/shorelines.pdf\">3,400 miles\u003c/a> of coast, bays, inlets and islands will be spared. Addressing sea-level rise will cost a staggering amount of public and private money, and will particularly impact the poor and vulnerable. The problem becomes more urgent with much of California’s wealth huddled along the coast, supporting an ocean-dependent $44 billion economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, state and local officials may come to the gut-wrenching conclusion that some coastal land should be simply abandoned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not doing well at all,” said Democratic Assemblyman Mark Stone, chairman of the Select Committee on Coastal Protection and Access to Natural Resources. “We have yet to really start to answer the hard questions and make policy — saying, ‘No, we are not going to put public money here.’ Eventually we should get to the point that we are not going to do any public investment in those places any more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most scientists tread lightly in the policy realm, providing the information for others to craft into regulations. Not Bill Patzert, who has for years sounded the alarm about rising oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not an existential threat. It’s real. It’s gonna happen,” said Patzert, a climatologist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “Here’s the bigger issue: If you’re in the tunnel and you see the train coming at you, what do you do? Do you race towards it or do you back out? It’s just common sense. As a society, why aren’t we doing that?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/regional-rs-opt.gif\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>How high will it go? \u003ca href=\"#anchor\">Check sea level rise near your neighborhood\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nScientists use maps such as this to help state and local officials plan for sea level rise and associated flooding. This interactive graphic shows potential flood zones with water up to 10 feet, the outer range of current projections. (Map by Climate Central)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">F\u003c/span>rom deep in the hive of large brains at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, set hard against the San Gabriel Mountains, an intense group of scientists from Caltech and the NASA are harnessing satellites that for decades have been peering into space and are now directing their gaze to Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers — with advanced degrees in physics, mathematics and oceanography — are engaged in what many consider to be the critical research of our time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are watching ice melt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sitting alone in a cubicle, bathed in the glow of a computer screen or staring down the barrel of a telescope, can be a balm for scientists. Concerning themselves with one finite slice of a planet-wide catastrophe allows them to compartmentalize and disengage from the entire sobering picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even professional detachment fails against the unfolding horror show depicted in the cold display of satellite imagery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in the process of watching the ice sheet in Greenland disappear,” said the lab’s oceanographer Josh Willis, who leads a team studying Greenland. “This is the first time humans have been able to measure it. The last time it was shrinking at this rate was tens of thousands of years ago.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/swHW80EWIk0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/swHW80EWIk0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The diminishment of Greenland’s ice mass has been accelerating alarmingly, losing a trillion tons in the last four years. The rapid melting is getting the attention of scientists because locked away in the Greenland ice sheet is the possibility to raise global sea levels by 24 feet. The Antarctic holds 187 feet of potential ice melt. Polar ice loss on that scale would have unfathomable consequences for continued life on Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis uses satellites to measure the warmth of the waters around Greenland. Because he has a sense of humor, his project is known to all as OMG: Oceans Melting Greenland. (He preferred calling it Water Temperature Fjords, but couldn’t get the acronym past government sensibilities.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As scientists, we’re witnessing these huge events, and it’s telling us how the Earth is changing,” Willis said. “Of course, I’m also a citizen, I live on this planet, and it is worrying that it’s happening. It’s sometimes profoundly shocking to wake up and realize we’re reshaping our entire planet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">U\u003c/span>nderstanding the threat of sea-level rise in California depends to some extent on where you are standing: Boots in the dust of the Central Valley and you might curse the lateness of a rail shipment held up by flooding at the port of Oakland; bare feet in the sand at Huntington Beach and you may have to consider relocating your family, your home and all your possessions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some simple math: Every inch of sea-level rise equates to an 8- to 10-feet loss of beach. So, using the conservative projection of a 4-foot rise, and the lower-end 8-foot-per inch formula, that equates to 384 feet of coastal beach loss in the next 70 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 10-foot rise scenario, which scientists peg as the new worst-case, would cause a land loss of 800 feet — the length of two-and-a-half football fields. The sea will not rise the same amount in every place; scientists say each discrete elevation is dependent on factors such as the shape of the sea floor and the slope of the landfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Considering the scope of this coming catastrophe, it does not appear to be front-of-mind to many in the state. But that doesn’t mean it’s gone unstudied. California has a peerless capacity to turn over problems until they are smooth and shiny. Understanding comes first, with action often a distant and expensive second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tour through recent scientific analyses:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://pacinst.org/publication/the-impacts-of-sea-level-rise-on-the-california-coast/\">2009 report\u003c/a> on sea-level rise commissioned by the state paints worst-case scenarios that are the stuff of disaster movies: A half-million Californians at risk of flooding and more than $100 billion worth of infrastructure. More than two dozen coastal power plants flooded, along with hundreds of hazardous waste facilities, as well as schools, hospitals, police stations, ports and major airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2012 \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacinst.org/app/uploads/2013/02/sea_level_rise_sf_bay_cec3.pdf\">report\u003c/a> prepared for the California Energy Commission focused just on the San Francisco Bay and its 1,000 miles of shoreline, concluding: “Rising sea levels will overwhelm the existing protection structures, putting the 140,000 people currently living in vulnerable areas at increased risk.” The authors cautioned their findings did not reflect worst-case scenarios. And, if no action is taken to address the vulnerabilities, the risk projections should be considered “substantially low.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Assembly weighed in with a \u003ca href=\"http://lafco.smcgov.org/sites/lafco.smcgov.org/files/documents/files/Select%20Committee%20Sea-Level%20Rise%20Report.pdf\">report\u003c/a> in 2014, and the next year the Senate chimed in with its own \u003ca href=\"http://senv.senate.ca.gov/sites/senv.senate.ca.gov/files/Climate%20Change%20Adaptation_California%20State%20Senate_2015.pdf\">review\u003c/a>, amping it up a bit: “With current projections, rising seas combined with a 100-year flood event would close over 2,000 miles of roadway, the Oakland and San Francisco airports, and the Port of Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sobering fact of those state-of-the-art reports, recent though they are, is that they are already out of date and not nearly comprehensive enough in describing the scope of what currently faces California. Nor remotely scary enough. What scientists are observing now is, they say, a rapid and steep change that, even as it unfolds over comparatively long periods of time, is nonetheless occurring at a breathtaking pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11428170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-800x487.jpg\" alt=\"A melting glacier calving.\" width=\"800\" height=\"487\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11428170\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-800x487.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-1020x621.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-1180x718.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-960x584.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-240x146.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-375x228.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/GlacierCalving-520x316.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A melting glacier calving. \u003ccite>(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">S\u003c/span>ea-level rise is caused primarily by two factors related to global warming: the expansion of seawater as it heats up and the added water volume from melting ice. Researchers focused on glacial melt in Greenland and Antarctica see the process as an action-packed cataclysm marked by heaving ice shelves collapsing into the sea and sheets of decaying ice sloughing off the end of a continent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The power unleashed by that tide of ice is awesome to contemplate. Water has always been one of the most destructive and transformative forces in nature. With warmer waters creating more energy that incubates more powerful storms, some see a near future in which seas assault our coast more frequently and with greater force. Exhibit A: California’s past winter, when repeated storms lashed the state, resulting in a preliminary price tag of $569 million and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/news-release/2017/02/14/president-trump-approves-major-disaster-declaration-california\">federal disaster declaration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists warn that intensified\u003ca href=\"http://research.noaa.gov/News/NewsArchive/LatestNews/TabId/684/ArtMID/1768/ArticleID/11723/Leftover-warm-water-in-Pacific-Ocean-fueled-massive-El-Ni241o.aspx\"> El Nino \u003c/a>events, coupled with higher seas, will bring about unprecedented flooding. What civil engineers refer to as nuisance flooding — overwhelmed storm sewers and street flooding — is already more common. \u003ca href=\"http://california.kingtides.net/\">King Tides\u003c/a> are getting worse. Commuting times, the ability of first-responders to get to an accident scene, and the transportation of goods by road will be severely compromised, researchers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That risk, too, can be observed at its point of origin. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) maintains tide gauges that bob and float in U.S. waters, sentinels sending out a stream of data measuring current sea levels. The information feeds tidal forecasts used by surfers and mariners, and is also monitored by emergency services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/sltrends.html\">tide and currents map\u003c/a> is both colorful and alarming. The maps depict the North American continent ringed by arrows pointing straight up, denoting trending rising sea levels, like pickets defending the coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It turns out the coast is all-but defenseless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brett Sanders, a civil and environmental engineer at UC Irvine, is using a grant from the National Science Foundation to help inform communities along the California and northern Mexican coast about the risk of rising waters. Most people are thrilled that they’ve managed to fulfill a dream of living near the beach, Sanders said, and are unaware of what they should do to protect themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have done a bad job of mapping flood risk. It’s awful,” Sanders said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zillow, the website that calculates residential real estate values, recently took its maps of coastal property and overlaid NOAA’s sea-level projections. Using what are now thought to be conservative projections, the company estimated 2 million coastal homes in the United States would be underwater by the end of the century. Not as in being upside down on a mortgage, but as in fish swimming through the den. The total value of those homes? Nearly $1 trillion, in California, $49 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zillow’s chief economist, Svenja Gudell, said she was surprised that when the company shared its\u003ca href=\"https://www.zillow.com/research/climate-change-underwater-homes-12890/\"> information\u003c/a> with mayors or city planners, officials saw it as an event that would take place far in the future. “For some of these places the time horizon is not 100 years, it’s happening now,” she said. “It’s not as top of mind as it should be or you would like it to be. People are underinsured when it comes to flood insurance. The system is broken.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gudell said that her research showed that homeowners living in high-risk areas are not getting market cues —real estate values in beach areas destroyed by Hurricane Sandy are now higher than before the superstorm that played out on national television in the fall of 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were not able to explain that rationally,” Gudell said. “We will see in the future, if you are on a cliff and that cliff is further eroding and if you put a piece of property on that land, it won’t be safe anymore. For now, the benefit of living in these homes clearly outweighs the current and future cost of living there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11428176\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-800x599.jpg\" alt=\"Apartment buildings hang perilously over an increasingly eroded bluff in Pacifica.\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11428176\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-800x599.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-1020x764.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-1180x884.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-960x719.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PacificaCoast-520x389.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Apartment buildings hang perilously over an increasingly eroded bluff in Pacifica. \u003ccite>(Eric Cheng/The Nature Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Which leaves us with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/national-flood-insurance-program\">National Flood Insurance Program\u003c/a>, a troubled and debt-ridden program operated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The flood insurance covers millions of Americans living in flood zones, based on maps that are decades out of date. The program is currently $24 billion in debt and requires reauthorization from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the federal insurance say the rates don’t reflect current risks, leaving taxpayers on the hook for someone else’s folly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic state Sen. Henry Stern represents a coastal district that includes Malibu and a string of state beaches. A lifelong surfer, he understands the attraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s so alluring,” he said of living by the beach. “But my whole thing is to make the market tell the truth about it. We know where sea level rise is going to happen. What I don’t want to happen is for all of us to bear the bill afterwards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the horrific projections scientists have repeatedly shared about public health and safety associated with rising seas, it might be the economic cost that spurs action. A 2016 \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2961.epdf?referrer_access_token=cgJFXWlBrOrbB2rhtzQ-w9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0NW5dzPCV1LQTM2JMQvXgeVn3tMRlxMKqplqdO2K8lMw-F6rujRXhG6lI8cdfGPsASvKqsv2kvbbX_NlaMAWQY4uy470S-qmZZAuPl9Bj3JzEiJ6pR7Mqt1NXJcMNys_U_M_ZuC\">paper\u003c/a> published in the journal Nature estimated the annual global cost for sea-level rise adaptation measures at about $421 billion per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors of the study argue that the figure doesn’t take into account population growth and clustering around coasts. By the year 2100, the report warns, the price tag for mass relocations could exceed $14 trillion. Given California’s coastal population clusters — 75 percent of the state’s residents live in a coastal county — the figure here will be enormous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he Ocean Protection Council receiving the new science report is a state agency whose mission, as its name implies, is to look after the welfare of California’s piece of the Pacific Ocean. It’s an almost laughably large responsibility, and one that the members approach thoughtfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report placed the scientific findings at the forefront, said Liz Whiteman, the science and strategy director for the Ocean Science Trust, which was a partner in the study. That means the analysis does not entertain the question of whether climate change is altering the behavior of the Pacific. Nor does it belabor stale arguments about how weather has always changed. It is, rather, an unsparing document that presents the best projections about the range of sea rise, and, for the first time, assigns a probability and risk to those numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is in a great place for being willing to call the hard question and not shying away,” Whiteman said. “There is no doubt that there is some scary information contained in a report looking at sea-level rise and our future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Cayan, one of seven scientists who contributed to the newest report, is a researcher at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, investigating how climate affects changes in oceans. Viewed from his office window in La Jolla, the Pacific Ocean appears benign and soothing. But a glimpse into the updated information he’s assembling paints a different, darker picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"anchor\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New data and more sophisticated modeling, he said, coupled with more extreme climate warming, “Is going to be pushing the amount of sea-level rise above what was thought to be reasonable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border:0px;scrolling:no;width:100%;height:530px\" src=\"https://ss2.climatecentral.org/widget.html?utm_source=David%20Marks%20KQED&utm_medium=embed&utm_campaign=SS2-Map#6/36.880/-119.443?show=satellite&projections=1-RCP85-SLR&level=10&unit=feet&pois=hide&contentTitle=Check%20sea%20level%20rise%20near%20your%20neighborhood\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comparing previous projections to current ones, he said, is no longer useful. “We’re actually off this scale,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cayan pulls out the 2012 report from the National Research Council, which is the basis for California’s current sea-level rise assumptions and the predicate for the state’s coastal policies. The mid-range of its projections envisions about 3 feet of rise by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he carefully takes out a sheet with the new data. Cayan points at the the elaborate graphs to the updated mid-range projection— 8½ feet. Cayan and his colleagues shrug off questions about how to apply their science—that’s the job of the politicians. But the report does counsel state officials to consider the worst-case scenario in their deliberations, and cautions: “Waiting for scientific certainty is neither a safe nor prudent option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what now? California planners and policymakers will pore over the latest report. Their deliberations will result, at some point, in “updated guidance” to use the parlance of the bureaucracy. The final document will help local officials incorporate the sea-level rise projections into their future plans for building and safety, in some cases altering zoning and building codes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Greenland’s summer ice melt season begins, and the 2-mile deep ice sheet that was created in the last Ice Age continues to shrink. Researchers drilling ice cores have been astounded to find more and more streams of water rushing below the sheet—a river of water scything through ice. The proliferation of these ‘melt streams’ is leading scientists to consider that the loss of Greenland’s ice may be set on an unstoppable trajectory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No longer a matter of if, but only of when.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the first in a series: Next up — how is California planning for the seemingly inevitable. CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"id": "baycurious",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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},
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
},
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
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