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"content": "\u003cp>After President Trump slapped tariffs on aluminum and steel coming from the European Union, Canada and Mexico in May, Mexico responded with tariffs of its own on U.S-made cheese and a slew of other products in retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), the successor to NAFTA, was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/01/business/trump-nafta-usmca-differences.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">agreed upon\u003c/a> by the U.S., Canada and Mexico earlier this month. But it didn’t do anything to address Trump’s metals tariffs, and cheese remains a part of the United States’ trade war with Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exports are an increasingly important way California’s cheese processors make money. And because Mexico represents a huge chunk of those exports, they’re feeling the pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, almost a third of the state’s dairy products were exported to Mexico, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/statistics/PDFs/2017AgExports.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">data\u003c/a> from the California Department of Food and Agriculture. Canada is a distant second, followed by China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Peluso Cheese manufacturing facility in the Central Valley city of Los Banos, three women grind Cotija Molido into a crumble that’s used in traditional Mexican and Central American cooking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women stand as they work in a small refrigerated room cordoned off from the rest of the building with a plastic curtain. Before it leaves this part of the facility, the cheese will be bagged, labeled and boxed for shipping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cotija Molido is one of several cheeses — along with Oaxaca and Panela — that Peluso sells to consumers south of the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rene Reynoso, Peluso’s chief operating officer, said they ship 40,000 pounds of cheese to Mexico each month. He’d been planning to increase that by a factor of five, to 200,000 pounds of cheese per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, he hit the brakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We basically saw everything that was going on with the trade wars and we said ‘uh-oh.’ That’s going to create problems for our business,” Reynoso said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has enacted tariffs of as much as 25 percent on cheese made in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mexican people living in Mexico won’t be able to afford this cheese. They’re going to feel that the price is too high for their budgets,” Reynoso said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peluso Cheese is shelving its once ambitious expansion plans. Plans to add 10 to 12 people to the staff of 35 are on hold. And for those who already had jobs, they’re getting fewer hours each week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11702478\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11702478\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-800x598.jpg\" alt=\"Bags of Cotija Molido cheese at the Peluso Cheese facility, ready for shipping.\" width=\"800\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-800x598.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-1020x763.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-1200x898.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-1180x883.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-960x718.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-375x280.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-520x389.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bags of Cotija Molido cheese at the Peluso Cheese facility, ready for shipping. \u003ccite>(Lily Jamali/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Reynoso thinks in the long run, he and others will benefit from Trump’s trade war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do support his decision to even the playing field on trade,” Reynoso said. “A lot of countries have taken advantage of the United States, and past presidents weren’t actually doing anything about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the short term, Mexico’s tariffs have hit the dairy industry hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the National Milk Producers Federation \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmpf.org/latest-news/press-releases/oct-2018/oct-24-nmpf-asks-usda-bolster-dairy-aid-package\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sent a letter\u003c/a> to Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue to highlight its estimate that milk producers have experienced more than $1 billion in lost income since May to tariff retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Hilmar Cheese Company, a large cheese processor in Turlock that sells to brands and restaurants around the world, CEO David Ahlem says there could be long-term impacts as his customers look for a short-term fix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My fear is that this will have long-term impacts in the supply chain as they go and look for cheese from other places, whether that’s the European Union or Australia and New Zealand, and believe you me, they’re standing at the door ready to fill those markets and sell them some cheese.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, once those customers go elsewhere, they might not come back, even after the trade wars are done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Mexico represents a huge chunk of California’s cheese exports - and its tariffs on U.S.-made cheese have the state’s producers feeling the pressure.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After President Trump slapped tariffs on aluminum and steel coming from the European Union, Canada and Mexico in May, Mexico responded with tariffs of its own on U.S-made cheese and a slew of other products in retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), the successor to NAFTA, was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/01/business/trump-nafta-usmca-differences.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">agreed upon\u003c/a> by the U.S., Canada and Mexico earlier this month. But it didn’t do anything to address Trump’s metals tariffs, and cheese remains a part of the United States’ trade war with Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exports are an increasingly important way California’s cheese processors make money. And because Mexico represents a huge chunk of those exports, they’re feeling the pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, almost a third of the state’s dairy products were exported to Mexico, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/statistics/PDFs/2017AgExports.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">data\u003c/a> from the California Department of Food and Agriculture. Canada is a distant second, followed by China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Peluso Cheese manufacturing facility in the Central Valley city of Los Banos, three women grind Cotija Molido into a crumble that’s used in traditional Mexican and Central American cooking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women stand as they work in a small refrigerated room cordoned off from the rest of the building with a plastic curtain. Before it leaves this part of the facility, the cheese will be bagged, labeled and boxed for shipping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cotija Molido is one of several cheeses — along with Oaxaca and Panela — that Peluso sells to consumers south of the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rene Reynoso, Peluso’s chief operating officer, said they ship 40,000 pounds of cheese to Mexico each month. He’d been planning to increase that by a factor of five, to 200,000 pounds of cheese per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, he hit the brakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We basically saw everything that was going on with the trade wars and we said ‘uh-oh.’ That’s going to create problems for our business,” Reynoso said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has enacted tariffs of as much as 25 percent on cheese made in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mexican people living in Mexico won’t be able to afford this cheese. They’re going to feel that the price is too high for their budgets,” Reynoso said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peluso Cheese is shelving its once ambitious expansion plans. Plans to add 10 to 12 people to the staff of 35 are on hold. And for those who already had jobs, they’re getting fewer hours each week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11702478\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11702478\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-800x598.jpg\" alt=\"Bags of Cotija Molido cheese at the Peluso Cheese facility, ready for shipping.\" width=\"800\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-800x598.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-1020x763.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-1200x898.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-1180x883.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-960x718.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-375x280.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/CheeseBags-520x389.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bags of Cotija Molido cheese at the Peluso Cheese facility, ready for shipping. \u003ccite>(Lily Jamali/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Reynoso thinks in the long run, he and others will benefit from Trump’s trade war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do support his decision to even the playing field on trade,” Reynoso said. “A lot of countries have taken advantage of the United States, and past presidents weren’t actually doing anything about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the short term, Mexico’s tariffs have hit the dairy industry hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the National Milk Producers Federation \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmpf.org/latest-news/press-releases/oct-2018/oct-24-nmpf-asks-usda-bolster-dairy-aid-package\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sent a letter\u003c/a> to Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue to highlight its estimate that milk producers have experienced more than $1 billion in lost income since May to tariff retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Hilmar Cheese Company, a large cheese processor in Turlock that sells to brands and restaurants around the world, CEO David Ahlem says there could be long-term impacts as his customers look for a short-term fix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My fear is that this will have long-term impacts in the supply chain as they go and look for cheese from other places, whether that’s the European Union or Australia and New Zealand, and believe you me, they’re standing at the door ready to fill those markets and sell them some cheese.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, once those customers go elsewhere, they might not come back, even after the trade wars are done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>All summer, 19-year-old Valeria Mena has been working to register young people to vote in her hometown of Fresno. She just finished her first year as an undergraduate student at UC Santa Cruz. For her, leaving the Central Valley to go to college was like a political awakening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before that, no one had ever talked to her about politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Personally, my parents are undocumented, and because of that they’re unable to vote. We didn’t really have those kinds of conversations,\" Mena says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At an art installation and get-out-the-vote event organized by the civic engagement group \u003ca href=\"https://powercalifornia.org/team/\">Power California\u003c/a> and global art project \u003ca href=\"http://www.insideoutproject.net/vote/\">InsideOut/Vote\u003c/a> in downtown Fresno, the 19-year-old with curly dark hair and round, bookish glasses explains to two students from nearby UC Merced how to carefully fill out voter registration forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She warns them that if they make any mistakes, the elections office won’t accept the form. One of the students, Miguel, writes in the wrong address, and suddenly changes his mind. He says he’d prefer to fill out the form online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The one that got away,\" Mena jokes, slightly disappointed. \"Which sucks, but hopefully he ends up doing it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Mena wants to get Latino voters engaged, she has her work cut out for her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/publication/race-and-voting-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a>, Latinos make up 34 percent of the adult population in California, but only 21 percent are considered likely to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Latinos in this region have low rates of voting, not because they don't care about politics, but because they have been systematically excluded and never welcomed with open arms into the political system.'\u003ccite>Matt A. Barreto, UCLA\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"If you gave me a magic wand and said, 'Make one change in the Latino voting population in order to get them to [have] higher turnout,' I would just make them all 10 years older,” says Paul Mitchell, vice president of the bipartisan voter data company \u003ca href=\"https://www.politicaldata.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Political Data, Inc\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the Latino population is relatively young, and that makes them less likely to vote. Likely voters tend to be U.S.-born, older and affluent. Home ownership also often correlates with civic participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young people — including Latinos — are also mobile, often moving for school or work. And they’re less financially stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Age is not the only factor at play when it comes to low participation. UCLA political science and Chicana/o studies professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.polisci.ucla.edu/people/matthew-a-barreto\">Matt A. Barreto\u003c/a> says it's the product of 50 years of neglect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Latino and farmworker community has been neglected, ignored, harassed and scapegoated in [the] Central Valley,\" Barreto says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one single voter mobilization program will be able to counter decades of neglect and hostility. Latinos in this region have low rates of voting, not because they don't care about politics, but because they have been systematically excluded and never welcomed with open arms into the political system,\" Barreto says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That hasn’t stopped political campaigns and parties from targeting Latinos in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11697674\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11697674\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"Valeria Mena (L) works the voter registration table at an art installation and Get Out the Vote event in downtown Fresno. Mena has been volunteering all summer to boost youth voter engagement in the Central Valley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-1200x824.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-1180x811.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-960x660.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-520x357.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valeria Mena (L) works the voter registration table at an art installation and a Get Out the Vote event in downtown Fresno. Mena has been volunteering all summer to boost youth voter engagement in the Central Valley. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This year, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee spent millions on \u003ca href=\"https://dccc.org/english-espanol-dccc-exposes-jeff-denhams-record-supporting-trumps-anti-immigrant-agenda-new-spanish-language-ad/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spanish-language television ads\u003c/a> to boost Latino turnout in key California districts such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q57Qk0IHJ00\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">District 10\u003c/a> (which includes Modesto), where Democrat Josh Harder is running to unseat Republican Congressman Jeff Denham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There's very much a correlation between race and income in California, and as a result there's also a correlation between race and voting behavior,” says Republican political consultant Mike Madrid, who is working to \u003ca href=\"http://www.civicalatino.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">boost Latino turnout\u003c/a> in the Midterms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madrid says to motivate Latinos to vote, you have to be more than just anti-Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I feel like they just need motivation to want to learn about their community, and want to change it.'\u003ccite>Valeria Mena\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It's not enough to be against something. You have to be for something in order to get people to show up and be involved in government,” says Madrid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s against these odds that Valeria Mena is working to get young people like herself involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she wishes someone would have talked to her about politics and voting when she was in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A good amount of people that I know that are Latinos... people don’t talk about these problems with them. So they just kind of look up to their parents or work in the farm fields like they do, or [work as a] \u003cem>empacadoras\u003c/em>, which is packing the fruits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Mena is working to break that cycle, helping students register and talking to them about the importance of voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like they just need motivation to want to learn about their community and want to change it so they could vote for policies that will really affect them.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>All summer, 19-year-old Valeria Mena has been working to register young people to vote in her hometown of Fresno. She just finished her first year as an undergraduate student at UC Santa Cruz. For her, leaving the Central Valley to go to college was like a political awakening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before that, no one had ever talked to her about politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Personally, my parents are undocumented, and because of that they’re unable to vote. We didn’t really have those kinds of conversations,\" Mena says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At an art installation and get-out-the-vote event organized by the civic engagement group \u003ca href=\"https://powercalifornia.org/team/\">Power California\u003c/a> and global art project \u003ca href=\"http://www.insideoutproject.net/vote/\">InsideOut/Vote\u003c/a> in downtown Fresno, the 19-year-old with curly dark hair and round, bookish glasses explains to two students from nearby UC Merced how to carefully fill out voter registration forms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She warns them that if they make any mistakes, the elections office won’t accept the form. One of the students, Miguel, writes in the wrong address, and suddenly changes his mind. He says he’d prefer to fill out the form online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The one that got away,\" Mena jokes, slightly disappointed. \"Which sucks, but hopefully he ends up doing it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Mena wants to get Latino voters engaged, she has her work cut out for her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/publication/race-and-voting-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a>, Latinos make up 34 percent of the adult population in California, but only 21 percent are considered likely to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Latinos in this region have low rates of voting, not because they don't care about politics, but because they have been systematically excluded and never welcomed with open arms into the political system.'\u003ccite>Matt A. Barreto, UCLA\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"If you gave me a magic wand and said, 'Make one change in the Latino voting population in order to get them to [have] higher turnout,' I would just make them all 10 years older,” says Paul Mitchell, vice president of the bipartisan voter data company \u003ca href=\"https://www.politicaldata.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Political Data, Inc\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the Latino population is relatively young, and that makes them less likely to vote. Likely voters tend to be U.S.-born, older and affluent. Home ownership also often correlates with civic participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young people — including Latinos — are also mobile, often moving for school or work. And they’re less financially stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Age is not the only factor at play when it comes to low participation. UCLA political science and Chicana/o studies professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.polisci.ucla.edu/people/matthew-a-barreto\">Matt A. Barreto\u003c/a> says it's the product of 50 years of neglect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Latino and farmworker community has been neglected, ignored, harassed and scapegoated in [the] Central Valley,\" Barreto says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one single voter mobilization program will be able to counter decades of neglect and hostility. Latinos in this region have low rates of voting, not because they don't care about politics, but because they have been systematically excluded and never welcomed with open arms into the political system,\" Barreto says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That hasn’t stopped political campaigns and parties from targeting Latinos in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11697674\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11697674\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"Valeria Mena (L) works the voter registration table at an art installation and Get Out the Vote event in downtown Fresno. Mena has been volunteering all summer to boost youth voter engagement in the Central Valley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-1200x824.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-1180x811.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-960x660.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaAtTable-520x357.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valeria Mena (L) works the voter registration table at an art installation and a Get Out the Vote event in downtown Fresno. Mena has been volunteering all summer to boost youth voter engagement in the Central Valley. \u003ccite>(Alexandra Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This year, the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee spent millions on \u003ca href=\"https://dccc.org/english-espanol-dccc-exposes-jeff-denhams-record-supporting-trumps-anti-immigrant-agenda-new-spanish-language-ad/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spanish-language television ads\u003c/a> to boost Latino turnout in key California districts such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q57Qk0IHJ00\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">District 10\u003c/a> (which includes Modesto), where Democrat Josh Harder is running to unseat Republican Congressman Jeff Denham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There's very much a correlation between race and income in California, and as a result there's also a correlation between race and voting behavior,” says Republican political consultant Mike Madrid, who is working to \u003ca href=\"http://www.civicalatino.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">boost Latino turnout\u003c/a> in the Midterms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madrid says to motivate Latinos to vote, you have to be more than just anti-Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I feel like they just need motivation to want to learn about their community, and want to change it.'\u003ccite>Valeria Mena\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It's not enough to be against something. You have to be for something in order to get people to show up and be involved in government,” says Madrid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s against these odds that Valeria Mena is working to get young people like herself involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she wishes someone would have talked to her about politics and voting when she was in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A good amount of people that I know that are Latinos... people don’t talk about these problems with them. So they just kind of look up to their parents or work in the farm fields like they do, or [work as a] \u003cem>empacadoras\u003c/em>, which is packing the fruits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Mena is working to break that cycle, helping students register and talking to them about the importance of voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like they just need motivation to want to learn about their community and want to change it so they could vote for policies that will really affect them.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A “blue wave,” a host of Democrats unseating Republican members of Congress and flipping the House, is supposed to hit the country this November. One place the Democrats are trying to make that happen is California's 10th Congressional District in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican Jeff Denham is running for his fourth term and his challenger is Democrat Josh Harder, a political newbie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two sparred about local issues like water and tax cuts at a debate on Saturday in Turlock. Denham tried to paint Harder as an outsider, calling him \"Bay Area Harder.\" The 32-year-old Harder only recently started voting, a point Denham capitalized on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know it's one thing to criticize my position. But at least show up to vote,\" Denham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harder didn’t deny it, admitting he had spent a long time being complacent until the 2016 election fired him up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harder grew up in Turlock and his family has been here for generations, but he did work in the Bay Area as a venture capitalist until last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harder held his own when tackling local issues, but he also aligned himself with the national progressive movement and focused on health care. He repeatedly slammed Denham for voting for the Obamacare repeal in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A hundred-thousand residents in this district would lose health care because of that. A hundred thousand. My younger brother David right here is one of them,\" Harder said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This district did vote for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 election. Harder hopes to build a coalition of Latino voters, Bay Area transplants and locals who are fed up with Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Madrid is a Republican political consultant. He says there is a coalition of anti-Trump voters, but admits voter turnout was lacking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the midterm election, there was not a big enough turn out of Bay Area or Latino voters to make this a competitive or good looking race for Josh Harder,\" Madrid said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, on average, incumbents win their re-election about 90 percent of the time.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A “blue wave,” a host of Democrats unseating Republican members of Congress and flipping the House, is supposed to hit the country this November. One place the Democrats are trying to make that happen is California's 10th Congressional District in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican Jeff Denham is running for his fourth term and his challenger is Democrat Josh Harder, a political newbie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two sparred about local issues like water and tax cuts at a debate on Saturday in Turlock. Denham tried to paint Harder as an outsider, calling him \"Bay Area Harder.\" The 32-year-old Harder only recently started voting, a point Denham capitalized on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know it's one thing to criticize my position. But at least show up to vote,\" Denham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harder didn’t deny it, admitting he had spent a long time being complacent until the 2016 election fired him up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harder grew up in Turlock and his family has been here for generations, but he did work in the Bay Area as a venture capitalist until last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harder held his own when tackling local issues, but he also aligned himself with the national progressive movement and focused on health care. He repeatedly slammed Denham for voting for the Obamacare repeal in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A hundred-thousand residents in this district would lose health care because of that. A hundred thousand. My younger brother David right here is one of them,\" Harder said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This district did vote for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 election. Harder hopes to build a coalition of Latino voters, Bay Area transplants and locals who are fed up with Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Madrid is a Republican political consultant. He says there is a coalition of anti-Trump voters, but admits voter turnout was lacking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the midterm election, there was not a big enough turn out of Bay Area or Latino voters to make this a competitive or good looking race for Josh Harder,\" Madrid said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, on average, incumbents win their re-election about 90 percent of the time.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco may not be as open to saving salmon as you would think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to jockeying over California’s scarce water resources, San Francisco has\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioresfsalmon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> allied itself with conservative agricultural districts\u003c/a> in the Central Valley instead of environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the state’s water officials get ready to approve a plan to reallocate water resources and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11687580/fight-for-water-makes-strange-bedfellows-farmers-and-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reach farther upstream\u003c/a> from the delta, San Francisco has been pulled into the water wars like never before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cartoonist’s Note to anglers: The fish depicted in this cartoon is really a California Halibut, \u003cem>Paralichthys californicus.\u003c/em> “Fluke” is just his nickname since \u003cem>Paralichthys dentatus, \u003c/em>commonly known as fluke, is a species found in the Atlantic Ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Every summer, we scour the state to find California’s best kept secret spots and hidden gems. It’s a showcase of the special places — and people — who make our state unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t have to look far to find special people in Santa Rosa. When the city was devastated by last fall’s Northern California wildfires, Santa Rosa residents rallied to rebuild and restore their community — including their own hidden gems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hosted this year’s show in Santa Rosa, finding secret tunnels, playing with bunnies and eating homemade pasta. It was the perfect start to our hidden gems road trip for the ears.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Some of This Year’s Hidden Gems\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>We’ve already taken you to the small town of Volcano in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11631700/ghosts-of-the-gold-rush-linger-in-tiny-lava-free-volcano\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Place Called What?!\u003c/a> series, but what we didn’t show you then was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11672369/hidden-gems-the-national-landmark-100-feet-beneath-your-feet\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">famous cave (and lake!) located 100 feet below the surface\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11672376\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11672376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Helictites line the walls and ceiling of the Landmark Chamber in Black Chasm Cavern. \u003ccite>(Bianca Taylor/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s not every day that you can make out with a huge, taxidermied moose. Except if you’re at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11674191/hidden-gems-a-place-where-you-can-eat-bison-and-admire-them-too\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Foster’s Bighorn\u003c/a> in the California Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674194\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11674194\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-800x444.jpg\" alt=\"Part of a wall at Foster's Bighorn, a restaurant and bar in Rio Vista which houses an enormous collection of taxidermied animals.\" width=\"800\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-800x444.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-160x89.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-1020x566.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-960x533.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-672x372.jpg 672w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-240x133.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-375x208.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-520x289.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576.jpg 1038w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Part of a wall at Foster’s Bighorn, a restaurant and bar in Rio Vista that houses an enormous collection of taxidermied animals. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jim Ratcliffe)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just a few steps from the Pacific Ocean in Half Moon Bay, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11674177/hidden-gems-half-moon-bays-legendary-jazz-spot-that-started-in-a-living-room\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">there’s a music venue with a mysterious name\u003c/a>, an explosive history and some of the best live jazz you could ever hope to find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The Bach Dancing and Dynamite Society in Half Moon Bay grew out of the impromptu jazz concerts Pete Douglas would throw in his living room.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1272\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11675097\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-1200x795.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bach Dancing & Dynamite Society in Half Moon Bay grew out of the impromptu jazz concerts Pete Douglas would throw in his living room. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11672800/hidden-gems-the-valley-relics-museum-is-a-love-letter-to-pop-culture\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Valley Relics Museum\u003c/a> is a place that celebrates the history of the everyday places and things that defined 20th century life in the San Fernando Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673225\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valley Relics Museum founder and curator Tommy Gelinas. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Take a break from the Central Valley’s summer heat and head underground to the cool (literally) oasis that is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673103/hidden-gems-a-garden-oasis-buried-deep-underground-in-fresno\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Forestiere Underground Gardens\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673442\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 348px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11673442\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/100_3394-348x467.jpg\" alt=\"One of Forestiere's underground trees.\" width=\"348\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/100_3394-348x467.jpg 348w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/100_3394-348x467-160x215.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/100_3394-348x467-240x322.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 348px) 100vw, 348px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of Forestiere’s underground trees. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Forestiere Underground Gardens)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Every summer, we scour the state to find California’s best kept secret spots and hidden gems. It’s a showcase of the special places — and people — who make our state unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You don’t have to look far to find special people in Santa Rosa. When the city was devastated by last fall’s Northern California wildfires, Santa Rosa residents rallied to rebuild and restore their community — including their own hidden gems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hosted this year’s show in Santa Rosa, finding secret tunnels, playing with bunnies and eating homemade pasta. It was the perfect start to our hidden gems road trip for the ears.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Some of This Year’s Hidden Gems\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>We’ve already taken you to the small town of Volcano in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11631700/ghosts-of-the-gold-rush-linger-in-tiny-lava-free-volcano\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Place Called What?!\u003c/a> series, but what we didn’t show you then was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11672369/hidden-gems-the-national-landmark-100-feet-beneath-your-feet\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">famous cave (and lake!) located 100 feet below the surface\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11672376\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11672376\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31187_IMG_3353-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Helictites line the walls and ceiling of the Landmark Chamber in Black Chasm Cavern. \u003ccite>(Bianca Taylor/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s not every day that you can make out with a huge, taxidermied moose. Except if you’re at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11674191/hidden-gems-a-place-where-you-can-eat-bison-and-admire-them-too\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Foster’s Bighorn\u003c/a> in the California Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674194\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11674194\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-800x444.jpg\" alt=\"Part of a wall at Foster's Bighorn, a restaurant and bar in Rio Vista which houses an enormous collection of taxidermied animals.\" width=\"800\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-800x444.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-160x89.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-1020x566.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-960x533.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-672x372.jpg 672w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-240x133.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-375x208.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576-520x289.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/fosters-1-e1526428475762-1038x576.jpg 1038w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Part of a wall at Foster’s Bighorn, a restaurant and bar in Rio Vista that houses an enormous collection of taxidermied animals. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jim Ratcliffe)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just a few steps from the Pacific Ocean in Half Moon Bay, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11674177/hidden-gems-half-moon-bays-legendary-jazz-spot-that-started-in-a-living-room\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">there’s a music venue with a mysterious name\u003c/a>, an explosive history and some of the best live jazz you could ever hope to find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11675097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut.jpg\" alt=\"The Bach Dancing and Dynamite Society in Half Moon Bay grew out of the impromptu jazz concerts Pete Douglas would throw in his living room.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1272\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11675097\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-1200x795.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31463_DSC_1586-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bach Dancing & Dynamite Society in Half Moon Bay grew out of the impromptu jazz concerts Pete Douglas would throw in his living room. \u003ccite>(Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11672800/hidden-gems-the-valley-relics-museum-is-a-love-letter-to-pop-culture\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Valley Relics Museum\u003c/a> is a place that celebrates the history of the everyday places and things that defined 20th century life in the San Fernando Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673225\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11673225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS30471_IMG_5034-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valley Relics Museum founder and curator Tommy Gelinas. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Take a break from the Central Valley’s summer heat and head underground to the cool (literally) oasis that is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673103/hidden-gems-a-garden-oasis-buried-deep-underground-in-fresno\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Forestiere Underground Gardens\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11673442\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 348px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11673442\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/100_3394-348x467.jpg\" alt=\"One of Forestiere's underground trees.\" width=\"348\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/100_3394-348x467.jpg 348w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/100_3394-348x467-160x215.jpg 160w, 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"disqusTitle": "Providing a Taste of Oaxaca in the Central Valley",
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"headTitle": "California Foodways | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>In the town of Madera, California, in the heart of the state’s agricultural Central Valley, teenager Yazid Alamari shows off the merchandise in his family’s business, Gateway Market. “We have some gloves over here, a huge variety. A lot of bandanas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points out hats, water coolers, buckets and bags made specifically to carry just-picked mandarins, cherries and blueberries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right there we have shears to cut vines, for pruning,” he says. “The Felco #2 is one of our best sellers. Those are used for onions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re all supplies needed by local farmworkers, this market’s core customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wednesday afternoon I spend at the market, I see close to 100 men coming through after working in the fields. Farm labor contractors hand out workers’ checks, and Alamari — who speaks Arabic and English with his cousins and brother — switches to Spanish to cash the checks. But Alamari says customers come for more than checks and supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people who come in here are from Oaxaca, and they get their food right there,” he says, pointing to the tiny eatery tucked into a corner of the market. The restaurant, \u003ca href=\"http://colectivomadera.com/\">Colectivo Sabor a Mi Tierra\u003c/a>, is co-owned by Sylvia Rojas and Rosa Hernandez, two women who have forged an alternative path to farm work while offering the many indigenous Mexicans in this part of the Central Valley a taste of home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take truck driver Carlos Santiago Gomez, who is taking his time with a traditional tamal filled with mole, wrapped in a banana leaf. He and a friend drove all the way from the town of Selma, 45 minutes away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s different in Selma,” he says. “There isn’t a lot of food like this,” traditional Oaxacan dishes with indigenous roots: tamales, picaditas, pozole, mole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674256\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674256\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosa Hernandez forms \"picaditas\" while they’re hot, right off the stove. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rojas and Hernandez started working hours ago, Rojas forming some of the 70 tortillas she’ll make by hand today, Hernandez grabbing thick discs of masa right off the stove to make picaditas, shaking her hands to relieve the heat. She pinches the hot dough to shape furrows or spirals, a form she says, “goes on forever and doesn’t have an end,” then spoons sauce and cheese on top. She says, even if it’s covered, she wants her food to be beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez grew up eating picaditas in the morning with coffee and the sweet corn drink atole in her indigenous Mixtec community in the mountains of Oaxaca in southern Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Community Like Home\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez learned to cook Mixtec staples from her mother, grandmother and her community. On the days when there were large parties, she said, “we all took the day off to go help, from making tortillas to toasting chiles, cooking the beans. And the men would take care of going out into the country and bringing back the firewood” to fuel the ovens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migration from indigenous Mexican communities to the U.S. started earlier, but rose significantly in the 1980s, says Gaspar Rivera-Salgado of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/\"> UCLA Labor Center.\u003c/a> “That coincided with a Mexican economic crisis that affected the countryside the most.” Part of the problem? Corn exported from the U.S. “NAFTA opened up that market, so all these peasants, it didn’t become cost effective to produce corn anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the corn price was a significant factor,” that led to a rise in indigenous migration, says researcher and agricultural economist Rick Mines, “but I’m a big believer in the pull factor. If employment is available and people can cross the border, they’ll come.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 2007 to 2009, Mines directed the \u003ca href=\"http://www.indigenousfarmworkers.org/index.shtml\">Indigenous Farmworker Study\u003c/a>. He estimates that up to 15 percent of California’s farmworkers are indigenous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a young woman, Rosa Hernandez planned to become a teacher, but by the early '90s the economic hardships that drove many people out of southern Mexico hit her family, too. As the oldest, she felt responsible to come to the U.S. to work in the fields. She says, at that time, men usually came north and women stayed behind, but she already had female family members in Madera to ease her transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Hernandez arrived almost 30 years ago, Madera felt a little familiar. “I would see people from Oaxaca here. Madera makes me think that I am with the people of my roots, of my indigenous tongue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, though, she struggled to find some key ingredients essential to Oaxacan cooking, like chiles from the coast, and herbs like epazote or hierba santa. She says one woman lived outside of town and grew a hierba santa plant, but so many newly arrived Oaxacans came clamoring to buy the leaves, to have the bitter and sweet taste of home in their pozole, the woman had to turn people away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674255\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674255\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosa Hernandez at the swap meet in Madera, where local residents can buy many products used in Oaxacan cooking. \u003ccite>(Lisa MorehouseKQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, there’s such a large Oaxacan population in Madera that those ingredients are pretty easy to find at the local swap meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day I visit her restaurant’s industrial kitchen, Hernandez prepares ingredients for the spicy mole specific to her hometown, Santiago Juxtlahuaca, roasting garlic and at least three types of chiles in a dry pan on the stove top for a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can never make mole in a rush,” she says. Oregano, cinnamon, sesame seeds and cloves help form a paste, to which she adds blended tomatillos and broth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Building Solidarity Among Immigrant Women\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How did Hernandez go from farmworker to restaurant co-owner? She’d always been an advocate for immigrants’ rights and for sustaining Oaxacan culture in the community, and in 2000, she caught the eye of a group called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.tamejavi.org/pvi.php\">Pan Valley Institute\u003c/a> (PVI).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we opened Pan Valley Institute in 1998, we convened a group of Latino leaders to ask how we could better serve immigrant communities,” says director Myrna Martinez Nateras. “They recommend that we support women, and that we build interethnic relationships.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Pan Valley Institute invited Hernandez to join a leadership development program with immigrant women of Hmong, indigenous Mexican and Central American roots, she soon learned the women had quite a bit in common, despite speaking different languages. “They love the place that they are from — their land, their village — they are here for a reason that is similar to mine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of those gathering were about sharing experiences,” says Martinez Nateras. “It was cathartic. For a lot of those women it was first time to share stories in a safe space.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I sit at the restaurant, eating a picadita while Hernandez peels garlic and remembers one of those meetings. Everybody brought important objects to share, and hers was a photo of her mother and father, which she’d previously kept hidden, trying to avoid painful reminders of home. The women sat in a circle, and opened up to each other. “For the first time in a long time I was able to share something about myself that I had guarded very close inside my heart,” Hernandez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That day, she says, she realized “what united us was the sadness of having to leave something so important in order to be here. In that moment ... we were one woman with the same very broken heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a turning point for Hernandez. While she’d always brought Oaxacan food to meetings, being part of that group gave her a clear sense of her cultural values, and the confidence to start a restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674258\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674258\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosa Hernandez prepares chicken for mole, while Sylvia Rojas makes tortillas -- about 70 a day. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hernandez and her business partner, Sylvia Rojas, met with potential investors and the owner of the market where their restaurant is now. Myrna Martinez Nateras says, “Rosa, because she’s a natural marketer, brought a jar of mole and some tamales” to sell them on the idea of the business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years in, the restaurant is going strong. “They are so passionate about their food,” says Martinez Nateras. “Their cooking isn’t just for people to eat, but a transferring of cultural knowledge” from their Oaxacan upbringing. She points to another reason why starting and succeeding at this business means so much to Hernandez and Rojas: leaving a physically demanding, unstable and low-paying job. “It let them get out of field work that is so exhausting,” she says, “and the money [farmworkers] make is nothing, sometimes $11,000 a year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After all the years of doing farm work and cleaning houses, one day I said, ‘All the people that taste my food tell me that it's very delicious,’ says Hernandez, \"and so that was a motivation, an inspiration for me to realize that what my mama showed me how to make in her kitchen, I can live off of. I can struggle to have something more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece is part of Lisa’s series \u003ca href=\"https://californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a>. To read more, see her companion piece at \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>, where it’s part of that publication’s yearlong series about under-reported stories in rural communities.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the town of Madera, California, in the heart of the state’s agricultural Central Valley, teenager Yazid Alamari shows off the merchandise in his family’s business, Gateway Market. “We have some gloves over here, a huge variety. A lot of bandanas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points out hats, water coolers, buckets and bags made specifically to carry just-picked mandarins, cherries and blueberries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right there we have shears to cut vines, for pruning,” he says. “The Felco #2 is one of our best sellers. Those are used for onions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re all supplies needed by local farmworkers, this market’s core customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wednesday afternoon I spend at the market, I see close to 100 men coming through after working in the fields. Farm labor contractors hand out workers’ checks, and Alamari — who speaks Arabic and English with his cousins and brother — switches to Spanish to cash the checks. But Alamari says customers come for more than checks and supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people who come in here are from Oaxaca, and they get their food right there,” he says, pointing to the tiny eatery tucked into a corner of the market. The restaurant, \u003ca href=\"http://colectivomadera.com/\">Colectivo Sabor a Mi Tierra\u003c/a>, is co-owned by Sylvia Rojas and Rosa Hernandez, two women who have forged an alternative path to farm work while offering the many indigenous Mexicans in this part of the Central Valley a taste of home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take truck driver Carlos Santiago Gomez, who is taking his time with a traditional tamal filled with mole, wrapped in a banana leaf. He and a friend drove all the way from the town of Selma, 45 minutes away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s different in Selma,” he says. “There isn’t a lot of food like this,” traditional Oaxacan dishes with indigenous roots: tamales, picaditas, pozole, mole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674256\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674256\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31273_IMG_8502-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosa Hernandez forms \"picaditas\" while they’re hot, right off the stove. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rojas and Hernandez started working hours ago, Rojas forming some of the 70 tortillas she’ll make by hand today, Hernandez grabbing thick discs of masa right off the stove to make picaditas, shaking her hands to relieve the heat. She pinches the hot dough to shape furrows or spirals, a form she says, “goes on forever and doesn’t have an end,” then spoons sauce and cheese on top. She says, even if it’s covered, she wants her food to be beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez grew up eating picaditas in the morning with coffee and the sweet corn drink atole in her indigenous Mixtec community in the mountains of Oaxaca in southern Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Community Like Home\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez learned to cook Mixtec staples from her mother, grandmother and her community. On the days when there were large parties, she said, “we all took the day off to go help, from making tortillas to toasting chiles, cooking the beans. And the men would take care of going out into the country and bringing back the firewood” to fuel the ovens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migration from indigenous Mexican communities to the U.S. started earlier, but rose significantly in the 1980s, says Gaspar Rivera-Salgado of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/\"> UCLA Labor Center.\u003c/a> “That coincided with a Mexican economic crisis that affected the countryside the most.” Part of the problem? Corn exported from the U.S. “NAFTA opened up that market, so all these peasants, it didn’t become cost effective to produce corn anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the corn price was a significant factor,” that led to a rise in indigenous migration, says researcher and agricultural economist Rick Mines, “but I’m a big believer in the pull factor. If employment is available and people can cross the border, they’ll come.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 2007 to 2009, Mines directed the \u003ca href=\"http://www.indigenousfarmworkers.org/index.shtml\">Indigenous Farmworker Study\u003c/a>. He estimates that up to 15 percent of California’s farmworkers are indigenous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a young woman, Rosa Hernandez planned to become a teacher, but by the early '90s the economic hardships that drove many people out of southern Mexico hit her family, too. As the oldest, she felt responsible to come to the U.S. to work in the fields. She says, at that time, men usually came north and women stayed behind, but she already had female family members in Madera to ease her transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Hernandez arrived almost 30 years ago, Madera felt a little familiar. “I would see people from Oaxaca here. Madera makes me think that I am with the people of my roots, of my indigenous tongue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, though, she struggled to find some key ingredients essential to Oaxacan cooking, like chiles from the coast, and herbs like epazote or hierba santa. She says one woman lived outside of town and grew a hierba santa plant, but so many newly arrived Oaxacans came clamoring to buy the leaves, to have the bitter and sweet taste of home in their pozole, the woman had to turn people away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674255\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674255\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31274_IMG_9325-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosa Hernandez at the swap meet in Madera, where local residents can buy many products used in Oaxacan cooking. \u003ccite>(Lisa MorehouseKQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, there’s such a large Oaxacan population in Madera that those ingredients are pretty easy to find at the local swap meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day I visit her restaurant’s industrial kitchen, Hernandez prepares ingredients for the spicy mole specific to her hometown, Santiago Juxtlahuaca, roasting garlic and at least three types of chiles in a dry pan on the stove top for a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can never make mole in a rush,” she says. Oregano, cinnamon, sesame seeds and cloves help form a paste, to which she adds blended tomatillos and broth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Building Solidarity Among Immigrant Women\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How did Hernandez go from farmworker to restaurant co-owner? She’d always been an advocate for immigrants’ rights and for sustaining Oaxacan culture in the community, and in 2000, she caught the eye of a group called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.tamejavi.org/pvi.php\">Pan Valley Institute\u003c/a> (PVI).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we opened Pan Valley Institute in 1998, we convened a group of Latino leaders to ask how we could better serve immigrant communities,” says director Myrna Martinez Nateras. “They recommend that we support women, and that we build interethnic relationships.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Pan Valley Institute invited Hernandez to join a leadership development program with immigrant women of Hmong, indigenous Mexican and Central American roots, she soon learned the women had quite a bit in common, despite speaking different languages. “They love the place that they are from — their land, their village — they are here for a reason that is similar to mine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of those gathering were about sharing experiences,” says Martinez Nateras. “It was cathartic. For a lot of those women it was first time to share stories in a safe space.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I sit at the restaurant, eating a picadita while Hernandez peels garlic and remembers one of those meetings. Everybody brought important objects to share, and hers was a photo of her mother and father, which she’d previously kept hidden, trying to avoid painful reminders of home. The women sat in a circle, and opened up to each other. “For the first time in a long time I was able to share something about myself that I had guarded very close inside my heart,” Hernandez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That day, she says, she realized “what united us was the sadness of having to leave something so important in order to be here. In that moment ... we were one woman with the same very broken heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a turning point for Hernandez. While she’d always brought Oaxacan food to meetings, being part of that group gave her a clear sense of her cultural values, and the confidence to start a restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674258\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11674258\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31219_IMG_9338-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosa Hernandez prepares chicken for mole, while Sylvia Rojas makes tortillas -- about 70 a day. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hernandez and her business partner, Sylvia Rojas, met with potential investors and the owner of the market where their restaurant is now. Myrna Martinez Nateras says, “Rosa, because she’s a natural marketer, brought a jar of mole and some tamales” to sell them on the idea of the business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years in, the restaurant is going strong. “They are so passionate about their food,” says Martinez Nateras. “Their cooking isn’t just for people to eat, but a transferring of cultural knowledge” from their Oaxacan upbringing. She points to another reason why starting and succeeding at this business means so much to Hernandez and Rojas: leaving a physically demanding, unstable and low-paying job. “It let them get out of field work that is so exhausting,” she says, “and the money [farmworkers] make is nothing, sometimes $11,000 a year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After all the years of doing farm work and cleaning houses, one day I said, ‘All the people that taste my food tell me that it's very delicious,’ says Hernandez, \"and so that was a motivation, an inspiration for me to realize that what my mama showed me how to make in her kitchen, I can live off of. I can struggle to have something more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece is part of Lisa’s series \u003ca href=\"https://californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a>. To read more, see her companion piece at \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>, where it’s part of that publication’s yearlong series about under-reported stories in rural communities.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Rachel Kushner's New Novel Is Her Love Letter to California",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Rachel Kushner’s “The Mars Room” takes readers from a San Francisco strip club to a fictional women’s prison in the Central Valley largely based on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/CCWF.html\">Central California Women’s Facility\u003c/a> in Chowchilla. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Report Magazine’s Sasha Khokha spoke with Kushner in our San Francisco studio. Excerpts from the interview have been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On California as the setting for ‘The Mars Room’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I wanted to write a novel that was my take on contemporary times, and that also really reckons with the idea of being a Californian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In certain ways, even though the novel definitely processes and deals with some dark material, it’s really about the complexity of the state — the long stretch between L.A. and San Francisco, and what’s there in the Central Valley. So for me it is a kind of love letter to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On how both she and her main character, Romy, grew up in San Francisco’s Inner Sunset district, a largely working-class Irish-American neighborhood in the ’80s\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I went to public schools and so did all my friends. I wasn’t aware that there was this other San Francisco happening right alongside but not at all contiguous with our San Francisco. I didn’t know any people who went to private schools until I went to college. There was a lot of violence, just kind of a certain type of culture … I’m actually quite nostalgic for it in a way, but it had an intensity that may have been somewhat unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[The novel] was a way to recast or resuscitate that lost world. That San Francisco is very much gone, but for me, it’s one I turn to most immediately. It hasn’t been replaced for me by the new San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing into these spaces, like the old Pall Mall Bar on Haight Street, for instance, allowed me to remember things I hadn’t thought about in almost 40 years. … It was as if the process of writing conjured them into existence for me again.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On working with women prisoners\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I got involved with an Oakland-based human rights organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.justicenow.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Justice Now\u003c/a> whose board is in part — if not primarily — made up of people serving life sentences in the women’s facilities in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I became good friends with people and started corresponding with them and talking to them on the phone and, you know, they mentored me insofar as they taught me a lot about what their lives were like in prison. But a lot of the women in Chowchilla do not have supportive families or supportive anybody on the outside. There are certain people who call me who don’t have anyone else that they can call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671349\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671349\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-800x1208.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1208\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-800x1208.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-160x242.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-1020x1540.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-795x1200.jpg 795w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-1180x1782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-960x1449.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-240x362.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-375x566.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-520x785.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut.jpg 1838w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“The Mars Room” is Rachel Kushner’s third novel.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>On getting the details of prison life\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One friend, Teresa Martinez — who’s the first person I thank in the book — has immense knowledge of Chowchilla. She went there right when it opened. As she puts it, she “broke ground” on that prison and was there for 23 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she has this very specific and deep expertise of that place. And so part of culling all these details from her was valuing that knowledge and giving it life in the book.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On choosing a white narrator for a novel about life in a women’s prison\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I needed to construct a central character who I could understand in depth. I made her a girl from the Inner Sunset who grew up with these Irish kids in this world. These kids had no power at all, but they had this identity that’s very much a white identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I made her from that paradigm, and that gave me a range, and maneuverability and depth in terms of understanding her, that I don’t think I would have had if I tried to make a narrator who would typify who’s in the prison in Chowchilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, I do think that she is typical in a certain way. If you go to Chowchilla, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Reports_Research/Offender_Information_Services_Branch/Annual/Census/CENSUSd1306.pdf\">one-third white women\u003c/a>. So why would I feel I had to make the narrator a woman of color?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On ‘Orange is the New Black,’ which also features a white main character\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I haven’t seen the show. I don’t watch TV really, but also, I didn’t want to see it because I was worried I would accidentally take something from that show without realizing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’ve read some of the description of it. Some of the pushback is not really about [Piper Chapman]’s race, but the fact that she’s upper class. My narrator doesn’t have that kind of power. Also, [in the Netflix show], it’s a minimum-security federal facility. People are there for low-level drug crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m interested in the reality and the truth. In California, 90 percent of people in state prisons are there for what the state considers serious, violent felony convictions. I’m interested in those people, and their fate, and their predicaments, and caring about them in some radical, committed way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I do want to say one thing: I have asked formerly incarcerated friends what they think about it, and they all, to a person, love [Orange is the New Black].\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On feedback she’s gotten from incarcerated women about ‘The Mars Room’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I read it at \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/CIW.html\">California Institution for Women\u003c/a> [a women’s prison in San Bernardino County] in front of 60 incarcerated people. That was the most exciting night of my entire life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was just like high school at first, in the way that people throw a ton of attitude and try to intimidate you. But I’m used to that from growing up. And I was like, ‘OK, I’m going to charm these people.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I read this part about this guy sort of giving this woman obsessive unwanted attention because I thought maybe the women would identify with that. They loved it and they were laughing hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was saying, ‘Am I going to get in trouble for this?’ because there was a guard standing in the back of the room and they were like, ‘Girl, keep on going!’\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On what she learned about prison life\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>People in prison have to spend so much time in close quarters. And they have no privacy whatsoever. And also they lose what … sociologist Erving Goffman would call your “\u003ca href=\"https://granolagradschoolandgoffman.wordpress.com/2016/05/03/goffman-e-19611995-identity-kits/\">identity kit\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they can’t throw attitude or shade by the way that they look, their makeup … because all of that is stripped away from them. Everyone’s wearing the same clothes. … Your currency is your personality and your ability to perform. And so people are a cut above in terms of their ability to have presence and charisma, and to read other people. Being in a room full of individuals like that, it was very clear to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On writing about a woman who kills an abusive stalker, in light of the #MeToo Movement\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>That movement actually got its start after I was entirely finished writing this book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think somebody could make links between the book and a shifting set of dynamics between men and women, and maybe this recalibration that’s long overdue. It wasn’t really on my mind while I was writing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of [Romy’s] crime of murdering Kurt Kennedy, I don’t necessarily think she’s innocent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I wasn’t actually interested in writing about an innocent person. There’s a lot of focus on the idea of the wrongly accused, the relatively innocent, the low-level or nonviolent drug offender, etc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I really wanted to write about someone who seemed like people I’ve known. Everyone I know in prison has done the thing they’re convicted of. I still really want those people to have a chance to be rehabilitated, and to make a contribution to society.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "Rachel Kushner's New Novel Is Her Love Letter to California",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Rachel Kushner’s “The Mars Room” takes readers from a San Francisco strip club to a fictional women’s prison in the Central Valley largely based on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/CCWF.html\">Central California Women’s Facility\u003c/a> in Chowchilla. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Report Magazine’s Sasha Khokha spoke with Kushner in our San Francisco studio. Excerpts from the interview have been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On California as the setting for ‘The Mars Room’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I wanted to write a novel that was my take on contemporary times, and that also really reckons with the idea of being a Californian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In certain ways, even though the novel definitely processes and deals with some dark material, it’s really about the complexity of the state — the long stretch between L.A. and San Francisco, and what’s there in the Central Valley. So for me it is a kind of love letter to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On how both she and her main character, Romy, grew up in San Francisco’s Inner Sunset district, a largely working-class Irish-American neighborhood in the ’80s\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I went to public schools and so did all my friends. I wasn’t aware that there was this other San Francisco happening right alongside but not at all contiguous with our San Francisco. I didn’t know any people who went to private schools until I went to college. There was a lot of violence, just kind of a certain type of culture … I’m actually quite nostalgic for it in a way, but it had an intensity that may have been somewhat unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[The novel] was a way to recast or resuscitate that lost world. That San Francisco is very much gone, but for me, it’s one I turn to most immediately. It hasn’t been replaced for me by the new San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing into these spaces, like the old Pall Mall Bar on Haight Street, for instance, allowed me to remember things I hadn’t thought about in almost 40 years. … It was as if the process of writing conjured them into existence for me again.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On working with women prisoners\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I got involved with an Oakland-based human rights organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.justicenow.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Justice Now\u003c/a> whose board is in part — if not primarily — made up of people serving life sentences in the women’s facilities in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I became good friends with people and started corresponding with them and talking to them on the phone and, you know, they mentored me insofar as they taught me a lot about what their lives were like in prison. But a lot of the women in Chowchilla do not have supportive families or supportive anybody on the outside. There are certain people who call me who don’t have anyone else that they can call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671349\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671349\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-800x1208.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1208\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-800x1208.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-160x242.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-1020x1540.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-795x1200.jpg 795w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-1180x1782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-960x1449.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-240x362.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-375x566.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut-520x785.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31200_9781476756554-qut.jpg 1838w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“The Mars Room” is Rachel Kushner’s third novel.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>On getting the details of prison life\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One friend, Teresa Martinez — who’s the first person I thank in the book — has immense knowledge of Chowchilla. She went there right when it opened. As she puts it, she “broke ground” on that prison and was there for 23 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she has this very specific and deep expertise of that place. And so part of culling all these details from her was valuing that knowledge and giving it life in the book.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On choosing a white narrator for a novel about life in a women’s prison\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I needed to construct a central character who I could understand in depth. I made her a girl from the Inner Sunset who grew up with these Irish kids in this world. These kids had no power at all, but they had this identity that’s very much a white identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I made her from that paradigm, and that gave me a range, and maneuverability and depth in terms of understanding her, that I don’t think I would have had if I tried to make a narrator who would typify who’s in the prison in Chowchilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, I do think that she is typical in a certain way. If you go to Chowchilla, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Reports_Research/Offender_Information_Services_Branch/Annual/Census/CENSUSd1306.pdf\">one-third white women\u003c/a>. So why would I feel I had to make the narrator a woman of color?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On ‘Orange is the New Black,’ which also features a white main character\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I haven’t seen the show. I don’t watch TV really, but also, I didn’t want to see it because I was worried I would accidentally take something from that show without realizing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’ve read some of the description of it. Some of the pushback is not really about [Piper Chapman]’s race, but the fact that she’s upper class. My narrator doesn’t have that kind of power. Also, [in the Netflix show], it’s a minimum-security federal facility. People are there for low-level drug crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m interested in the reality and the truth. In California, 90 percent of people in state prisons are there for what the state considers serious, violent felony convictions. I’m interested in those people, and their fate, and their predicaments, and caring about them in some radical, committed way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I do want to say one thing: I have asked formerly incarcerated friends what they think about it, and they all, to a person, love [Orange is the New Black].\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On feedback she’s gotten from incarcerated women about ‘The Mars Room’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I read it at \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/CIW.html\">California Institution for Women\u003c/a> [a women’s prison in San Bernardino County] in front of 60 incarcerated people. That was the most exciting night of my entire life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was just like high school at first, in the way that people throw a ton of attitude and try to intimidate you. But I’m used to that from growing up. And I was like, ‘OK, I’m going to charm these people.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I read this part about this guy sort of giving this woman obsessive unwanted attention because I thought maybe the women would identify with that. They loved it and they were laughing hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was saying, ‘Am I going to get in trouble for this?’ because there was a guard standing in the back of the room and they were like, ‘Girl, keep on going!’\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On what she learned about prison life\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>People in prison have to spend so much time in close quarters. And they have no privacy whatsoever. And also they lose what … sociologist Erving Goffman would call your “\u003ca href=\"https://granolagradschoolandgoffman.wordpress.com/2016/05/03/goffman-e-19611995-identity-kits/\">identity kit\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they can’t throw attitude or shade by the way that they look, their makeup … because all of that is stripped away from them. Everyone’s wearing the same clothes. … Your currency is your personality and your ability to perform. And so people are a cut above in terms of their ability to have presence and charisma, and to read other people. Being in a room full of individuals like that, it was very clear to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On writing about a woman who kills an abusive stalker, in light of the #MeToo Movement\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>That movement actually got its start after I was entirely finished writing this book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think somebody could make links between the book and a shifting set of dynamics between men and women, and maybe this recalibration that’s long overdue. It wasn’t really on my mind while I was writing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of [Romy’s] crime of murdering Kurt Kennedy, I don’t necessarily think she’s innocent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I wasn’t actually interested in writing about an innocent person. There’s a lot of focus on the idea of the wrongly accused, the relatively innocent, the low-level or nonviolent drug offender, etc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I really wanted to write about someone who seemed like people I’ve known. Everyone I know in prison has done the thing they’re convicted of. I still really want those people to have a chance to be rehabilitated, and to make a contribution to society.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "fears-grow-among-central-valley-recyclers-as-china-denies-u-s-recyclables",
"title": "Fears Grow Among Central Valley Recyclers as China Denies U.S. Recyclables",
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"content": "\u003cp>While tariffs on the steel and agriculture industries have taken center stage in the trade conflict between the U.S. and China, that conflict has quietly moved into another less visible sector. It’s greatly disrupted the recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is coming to the end of a 30-day suspension on all recycling going to China. But China has set some new rules about what can be recycled going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those new policies are already affecting businesses, but over time they could impact residents and city governments and even undermine state environmental policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recyclables Pile Up\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Among the warehouses and distribution centers in south Fresno, the calls of egrets, herons and great horned owls may seem a little out of place. But they serve a purpose: This is a transfer station for Mid Valley Disposal, one of the biggest trash and recycling collectors in the San Joaquin Valley, and these recordings of bird calls help keep pests out of scrap materials trucked in each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph Kalpakoff, president of Mid Valley Disposal, says pest control is especially important now, because his property is filling up fast. He points to a wall of paper bales around 10 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re probably looking at a couple hundred tons of mixed paper in just this part of the parking lot,” he says. Six months ago, it would have been empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Right now the market is upset, and it’s upside-down for recyclers.’\u003ccite>Joseph Kalpakoff\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These bales are the final product made from the bottles, cans and cardboard boxes left at the curbside by hundreds of thousands of residents of Fresno and three surrounding counties. They’ve been sorted and separated by a maze of conveyor belts, fast-moving machines and human pickers, and ultimately binned and baled into the cubes stacked in front of Kalpakoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says his transfer station used to move out bales like this within just a few days — but now hundreds of them are sprinkled throughout the property, in empty corners and unused parking lots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now the market is upset, and it’s upside-down for recyclers,” says Kalpakoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? Because a new policy in China leaves huge amounts of the U.S.’s recyclables without a destination. Stockpiling them is one option, but permits limit how many bales can be stacked. If Kalpakoff hits that ceiling, he may have to start sending his recyclables to landfills — something some other companies have already resorted to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671267\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671267\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-800x580.jpg\" alt=\"Restrictions on imports of recyclables into China have left recycling companies scrambling to find space to stockpile materials while they find new destinations for them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-240x174.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-375x272.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-520x377.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Restrictions on imports of recyclables into China have left recycling companies scrambling to find space to stockpile materials while they find new destinations for them. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some Central Valley cities are responding by raising fees, and running recycling outreach campaigns. “Yeah, It’s a challenge,” Kalpakoff says. “It’s a challenge for not only us, but the entire industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. prides itself that it recycles about a third of its solid waste. California set an ambitious goal to recycle 75 percent of its waste by 2020. But the U.S. can’t process all that material, so we ship a huge amount overseas. The biggest importer is China, which takes about a third of our scrap materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that changed in March, when China cracked down on contamination — basically unwanted material — like the plastic bags, hubcaps and flip-flops I watch sorters pull off a conveyor belt. China dropped its acceptable contamination rate dramatically from 7 percent of each bale to just half a percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The contamination level that’s coming in on the curbside is averaging between 30 and 40 percent right now,” Kalpakoff says. “It’s a challenge to make that 0.5 percent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policy also banned 24 products, mostly paper and plastics. On May 4, China stopped importing all U.S. recycling for 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why such big changes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chinese government claims it’s a push for the environment. These policies arose from a program loosely translated as “National Sword,” which aims to cut down on imports of foreign waste. Adina Adler of the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries says recycling wasn’t the main target, but it became a casualty. She says while the policies themselves aren’t unreasonable, they were made without consulting the recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they’re done without an understanding of what is the existing recycling technology and how it can produce and to what tolerances,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671273\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671273\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Permits limit how many bales can be stored at recycling facilities. With China's new 30-day ban on all U.S. recyclables, Joseph Kalpakoff worries that Mid Valley disposal could reach that limit and need to start sending bales to landfills.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-1020x706.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-1180x816.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-960x664.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-520x360.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Permits limit how many bales can be stored at recycling facilities. With China’s new 30-day ban on all U.S. recyclables, Joseph Kalpakoff worries that Mid Valley Disposal could reach that limit and need to start sending bales to landfills. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>How China’s Policies Could Make California Cities Run Afoul of State Law\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>China’s environmental bent began years ago. But Kate O’Neill, a professor of environmental science and policy at UC Berkeley, says the most recent move (the ban starting on May 4) certainly had suspicious timing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the latest has to do more with the current tensions over trade with the Trump administration,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These policies have consequences beyond just recycling companies. In California, if too many recyclables end up in landfills, entire cities could end up in violation of state laws that require waste to be diverted away from dumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Neill says this is an opportunity to redesign the entire recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It means they have to get a lot more creative and really start pushing for better infrastructure at home to recycle a lot of the paper and plastic that we produce,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some public agencies are already making changes. Bakersfield has proposed increasing recycling fees, in part because of China’s new policies. Starting in June, Fresno will be re-educating residents on what’s recyclable and what’s not. The state agency Cal Recycle is encouraging regulators to loosen restrictions on how many bales recycling companies like Mid Valley can stockpile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of these, however, are fast enough for Joseph Kalpakoff. He’s worried about the future. But he has at least one idea: He may buy more bird calls to keep the critters out of his growing stockpile.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While tariffs on the steel and agriculture industries have taken center stage in the trade conflict between the U.S. and China, that conflict has quietly moved into another less visible sector. It’s greatly disrupted the recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is coming to the end of a 30-day suspension on all recycling going to China. But China has set some new rules about what can be recycled going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those new policies are already affecting businesses, but over time they could impact residents and city governments and even undermine state environmental policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recyclables Pile Up\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Among the warehouses and distribution centers in south Fresno, the calls of egrets, herons and great horned owls may seem a little out of place. But they serve a purpose: This is a transfer station for Mid Valley Disposal, one of the biggest trash and recycling collectors in the San Joaquin Valley, and these recordings of bird calls help keep pests out of scrap materials trucked in each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph Kalpakoff, president of Mid Valley Disposal, says pest control is especially important now, because his property is filling up fast. He points to a wall of paper bales around 10 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re probably looking at a couple hundred tons of mixed paper in just this part of the parking lot,” he says. Six months ago, it would have been empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Right now the market is upset, and it’s upside-down for recyclers.’\u003ccite>Joseph Kalpakoff\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These bales are the final product made from the bottles, cans and cardboard boxes left at the curbside by hundreds of thousands of residents of Fresno and three surrounding counties. They’ve been sorted and separated by a maze of conveyor belts, fast-moving machines and human pickers, and ultimately binned and baled into the cubes stacked in front of Kalpakoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says his transfer station used to move out bales like this within just a few days — but now hundreds of them are sprinkled throughout the property, in empty corners and unused parking lots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now the market is upset, and it’s upside-down for recyclers,” says Kalpakoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? Because a new policy in China leaves huge amounts of the U.S.’s recyclables without a destination. Stockpiling them is one option, but permits limit how many bales can be stacked. If Kalpakoff hits that ceiling, he may have to start sending his recyclables to landfills — something some other companies have already resorted to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671267\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671267\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-800x580.jpg\" alt=\"Restrictions on imports of recyclables into China have left recycling companies scrambling to find space to stockpile materials while they find new destinations for them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-240x174.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-375x272.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-520x377.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Restrictions on imports of recyclables into China have left recycling companies scrambling to find space to stockpile materials while they find new destinations for them. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some Central Valley cities are responding by raising fees, and running recycling outreach campaigns. “Yeah, It’s a challenge,” Kalpakoff says. “It’s a challenge for not only us, but the entire industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. prides itself that it recycles about a third of its solid waste. California set an ambitious goal to recycle 75 percent of its waste by 2020. But the U.S. can’t process all that material, so we ship a huge amount overseas. The biggest importer is China, which takes about a third of our scrap materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that changed in March, when China cracked down on contamination — basically unwanted material — like the plastic bags, hubcaps and flip-flops I watch sorters pull off a conveyor belt. China dropped its acceptable contamination rate dramatically from 7 percent of each bale to just half a percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The contamination level that’s coming in on the curbside is averaging between 30 and 40 percent right now,” Kalpakoff says. “It’s a challenge to make that 0.5 percent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policy also banned 24 products, mostly paper and plastics. On May 4, China stopped importing all U.S. recycling for 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why such big changes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chinese government claims it’s a push for the environment. These policies arose from a program loosely translated as “National Sword,” which aims to cut down on imports of foreign waste. Adina Adler of the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries says recycling wasn’t the main target, but it became a casualty. She says while the policies themselves aren’t unreasonable, they were made without consulting the recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they’re done without an understanding of what is the existing recycling technology and how it can produce and to what tolerances,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671273\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671273\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Permits limit how many bales can be stored at recycling facilities. With China's new 30-day ban on all U.S. recyclables, Joseph Kalpakoff worries that Mid Valley disposal could reach that limit and need to start sending bales to landfills.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-1020x706.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-1180x816.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-960x664.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-520x360.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Permits limit how many bales can be stored at recycling facilities. With China’s new 30-day ban on all U.S. recyclables, Joseph Kalpakoff worries that Mid Valley Disposal could reach that limit and need to start sending bales to landfills. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>How China’s Policies Could Make California Cities Run Afoul of State Law\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>China’s environmental bent began years ago. But Kate O’Neill, a professor of environmental science and policy at UC Berkeley, says the most recent move (the ban starting on May 4) certainly had suspicious timing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the latest has to do more with the current tensions over trade with the Trump administration,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These policies have consequences beyond just recycling companies. In California, if too many recyclables end up in landfills, entire cities could end up in violation of state laws that require waste to be diverted away from dumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Neill says this is an opportunity to redesign the entire recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It means they have to get a lot more creative and really start pushing for better infrastructure at home to recycle a lot of the paper and plastic that we produce,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some public agencies are already making changes. Bakersfield has proposed increasing recycling fees, in part because of China’s new policies. Starting in June, Fresno will be re-educating residents on what’s recyclable and what’s not. The state agency Cal Recycle is encouraging regulators to loosen restrictions on how many bales recycling companies like Mid Valley can stockpile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of these, however, are fast enough for Joseph Kalpakoff. He’s worried about the future. But he has at least one idea: He may buy more bird calls to keep the critters out of his growing stockpile.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. House of Representatives voted down the so-called farm bill Friday on a \u003ca href=\"http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll205.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">213-198 vote\u003c/a>. The bill’s failure proved a high-stakes embarrassment to GOP leadership, which spent days attempting to wrangle enough votes for the massive piece of legislation setting agriculture and food policy, with a price tag of $857 billion over 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As expected, all Democrats voted against the measure. They were also joined by 30 Republicans, many of them members of the House Freedom Caucus, who voted “no” after failing to get concessions on spending and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/17/politics/conservative-bill-immigration-daca-negotiations/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">future vote on immigration\u003c/a> in exchange for their support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the big picture, the farm bill would have continued subsidies for farmers. But a key sticking point in the measure, particularly for Democrats, was proposed changes to food stamps — officially known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP — which helps \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/pd/supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">42 million Americans, \u003c/a>including one in 10 Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi characterized the bill as “cruel” and “destructive,” and summed up her party’s stiff opposition just two hours before the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NancyPelosi/status/997488952369143808\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 \u003c/a>proposed to shift billions of dollars to employment and training programs, while substantially increasing the number of people who would need to prove they are working or enrolled in job training to get the monthly nutrition benefits, which average $126 per person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While opponents argued the changes would lead to more low-income Americans going hungry, supporters said they would help move people out of poverty and strengthen the country’s workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Food stamps should be for the neediest in our community,” said \u003ca href=\"https://denham.house.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rep. Jeff Denham\u003c/a> (R-Turlock), a member of the \u003ca href=\"https://agriculture.house.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">House Committee on Agriculture\u003c/a>, who voted for the farm bill in committee last month. “If you’re able-bodied and you are work-capable, we want to make sure you find a job and you get the training that you need to lift yourself out of poverty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, adults ages 18 to 49 who don’t have dependents or disabilities must prove they are working or in job training at least 20 hours per week to receive SNAP benefits for more than three months. The bill would have substantially expanded the requirement to include adults up to age 59 and parents with children older than age 5. Recipients would have had to show they were meeting the new rules on a monthly basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denham represents a portion of the Central Valley, a region where SNAP, called\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdss.ca.gov/food-nutrition/calfresh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> CalFresh\u003c/a> in California, helps reduce more poverty than elsewhere in the state, according to an \u003ca href=\"http://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/calfresh-cuts-poverty-congressional-districts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> by the California Budget & Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denham acknowledged the potential difficulty for low-income Californians who are already struggling to get by. But he said his own family was able to get off the food aid when he was growing up to achieve greater financial stability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, when my parents were on food stamps it was a challenging situation where my mom needed to go back out and get new training to be able to get a new job,” Denham said. “It’s very difficult, I get it. But I also understand that you are able to improve your life by working and actually having a job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spending on SNAP and other nutrition programs makes up the largest portion of the farm bill’s cost, about 76 percent. Last year, the federal government spent $68 billion on the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the failed bill, about 1.2 million people would have stopped receiving SNAP benefits as a result of the tighter work requirements in 2028, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbpp.org/blog/6-takeaways-from-cbo-estimate-of-house-agriculture-committee-snap-proposals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according\u003c/a> to the nonpartisan Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. The majority of them would have been parents with older kids — although children receiving the benefit would not be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For food banks, that spelled bad news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any cuts to SNAP guarantee that we will see an increase of individuals, families in our food pantry lines. And we are not prepared to meet that need,” said Natalie Caples, chief operations officer at\u003ca href=\"http://www.communityfoodbank.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Community Food Bank\u003c/a>, which serves Fresno and four other counties in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caples said that for every 12 meals that SNAP provides, food banks in the\u003ca href=\"http://www.feedingamerica.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Feeding America\u003c/a> network make up just one meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way,” she said. “We don’t have the resources to make up those additional meals that SNAP currently provides in our service area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668977\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11668977\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait their turn to get bags of fresh vegetables, bread and other staples at a food pantry volunteers set up by a park in Mendota, California, on May 10, 2018. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a food pantry that volunteers set up in a parking lot in\u003ca href=\"http://ci.mendota.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Mendota\u003c/a>, a small city surrounded by agricultural fields, Maria Escobar awaited her turn to reach for a Community Food Bank cardboard box with cabbage and broccoli, bread, a chicken and other staples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Escobar, 30, said she sometimes supplements her household’s CalFresh benefits with additional food from the pantry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With my kids, it’s really difficult, because food is so expensive,” Escobar said. She has three kids at home, ages 8, 10 and 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Escobar is a farmworker, but the jobs are seasonal. As a single parent, she said it would have been difficult to meet the proposed requirements to avoid a drop in benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know what I would do,” Escobar said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnocitycollege.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fresno City College\u003c/a> student Frederick Johnson, the $190 he receives monthly in CalFresh benefits is one of the few things he can currently count on in life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson, 22, has struggled with homelessness. But he still goes to school full time and works a minimum-wage job at the college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t come from the best family. I come from a bad neighborhood as well. So I know I got to work twice as hard to be on everybody else’s level,” said Johnson, a biochemistry major who dreams of working in a lab as a medical researcher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668975\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11668975\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frederick Johnson, 22, takes a break from his studies by the library at Fresno City College. Johnson wants to become a medical researcher, and says his SNAP benefits help him stay in school. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Currently, California has a waiver that exempts SNAP recipients like Johnson from having to prove they are working 20 hours per week. But that waiver expires this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having to find more work hours, to keep more than one month of CalFresh benefits at a time, would have made it harder for him to stay in school, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t feel like they should add pressure to people on CalFresh,” Johnson said of lawmakers backing the farm bill. “I feel like they should sincerely just help them and give them more time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Brian Naylor and Kelsey Snell contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. House of Representatives voted down the so-called farm bill Friday on a \u003ca href=\"http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2018/roll205.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">213-198 vote\u003c/a>. The bill’s failure proved a high-stakes embarrassment to GOP leadership, which spent days attempting to wrangle enough votes for the massive piece of legislation setting agriculture and food policy, with a price tag of $857 billion over 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As expected, all Democrats voted against the measure. They were also joined by 30 Republicans, many of them members of the House Freedom Caucus, who voted “no” after failing to get concessions on spending and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/17/politics/conservative-bill-immigration-daca-negotiations/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">future vote on immigration\u003c/a> in exchange for their support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the big picture, the farm bill would have continued subsidies for farmers. But a key sticking point in the measure, particularly for Democrats, was proposed changes to food stamps — officially known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP — which helps \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/pd/supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">42 million Americans, \u003c/a>including one in 10 Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi characterized the bill as “cruel” and “destructive,” and summed up her party’s stiff opposition just two hours before the vote.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 \u003c/a>proposed to shift billions of dollars to employment and training programs, while substantially increasing the number of people who would need to prove they are working or enrolled in job training to get the monthly nutrition benefits, which average $126 per person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While opponents argued the changes would lead to more low-income Americans going hungry, supporters said they would help move people out of poverty and strengthen the country’s workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Food stamps should be for the neediest in our community,” said \u003ca href=\"https://denham.house.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rep. Jeff Denham\u003c/a> (R-Turlock), a member of the \u003ca href=\"https://agriculture.house.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">House Committee on Agriculture\u003c/a>, who voted for the farm bill in committee last month. “If you’re able-bodied and you are work-capable, we want to make sure you find a job and you get the training that you need to lift yourself out of poverty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, adults ages 18 to 49 who don’t have dependents or disabilities must prove they are working or in job training at least 20 hours per week to receive SNAP benefits for more than three months. The bill would have substantially expanded the requirement to include adults up to age 59 and parents with children older than age 5. Recipients would have had to show they were meeting the new rules on a monthly basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denham represents a portion of the Central Valley, a region where SNAP, called\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdss.ca.gov/food-nutrition/calfresh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> CalFresh\u003c/a> in California, helps reduce more poverty than elsewhere in the state, according to an \u003ca href=\"http://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/calfresh-cuts-poverty-congressional-districts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> by the California Budget & Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denham acknowledged the potential difficulty for low-income Californians who are already struggling to get by. But he said his own family was able to get off the food aid when he was growing up to achieve greater financial stability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, when my parents were on food stamps it was a challenging situation where my mom needed to go back out and get new training to be able to get a new job,” Denham said. “It’s very difficult, I get it. But I also understand that you are able to improve your life by working and actually having a job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spending on SNAP and other nutrition programs makes up the largest portion of the farm bill’s cost, about 76 percent. Last year, the federal government spent $68 billion on the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the failed bill, about 1.2 million people would have stopped receiving SNAP benefits as a result of the tighter work requirements in 2028, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbpp.org/blog/6-takeaways-from-cbo-estimate-of-house-agriculture-committee-snap-proposals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according\u003c/a> to the nonpartisan Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. The majority of them would have been parents with older kids — although children receiving the benefit would not be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For food banks, that spelled bad news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any cuts to SNAP guarantee that we will see an increase of individuals, families in our food pantry lines. And we are not prepared to meet that need,” said Natalie Caples, chief operations officer at\u003ca href=\"http://www.communityfoodbank.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Community Food Bank\u003c/a>, which serves Fresno and four other counties in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caples said that for every 12 meals that SNAP provides, food banks in the\u003ca href=\"http://www.feedingamerica.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Feeding America\u003c/a> network make up just one meal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way,” she said. “We don’t have the resources to make up those additional meals that SNAP currently provides in our service area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668977\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11668977\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30999_IMG_1665-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait their turn to get bags of fresh vegetables, bread and other staples at a food pantry volunteers set up by a park in Mendota, California, on May 10, 2018. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a food pantry that volunteers set up in a parking lot in\u003ca href=\"http://ci.mendota.ca.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Mendota\u003c/a>, a small city surrounded by agricultural fields, Maria Escobar awaited her turn to reach for a Community Food Bank cardboard box with cabbage and broccoli, bread, a chicken and other staples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Escobar, 30, said she sometimes supplements her household’s CalFresh benefits with additional food from the pantry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With my kids, it’s really difficult, because food is so expensive,” Escobar said. She has three kids at home, ages 8, 10 and 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Escobar is a farmworker, but the jobs are seasonal. As a single parent, she said it would have been difficult to meet the proposed requirements to avoid a drop in benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know what I would do,” Escobar said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnocitycollege.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fresno City College\u003c/a> student Frederick Johnson, the $190 he receives monthly in CalFresh benefits is one of the few things he can currently count on in life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson, 22, has struggled with homelessness. But he still goes to school full time and works a minimum-wage job at the college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t come from the best family. I come from a bad neighborhood as well. So I know I got to work twice as hard to be on everybody else’s level,” said Johnson, a biochemistry major who dreams of working in a lab as a medical researcher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11668975\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11668975\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS30997_IMG_1727-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frederick Johnson, 22, takes a break from his studies by the library at Fresno City College. Johnson wants to become a medical researcher, and says his SNAP benefits help him stay in school. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Currently, California has a waiver that exempts SNAP recipients like Johnson from having to prove they are working 20 hours per week. But that waiver expires this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having to find more work hours, to keep more than one month of CalFresh benefits at a time, would have made it harder for him to stay in school, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t feel like they should add pressure to people on CalFresh,” Johnson said of lawmakers backing the farm bill. “I feel like they should sincerely just help them and give them more time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Brian Naylor and Kelsey Snell contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "News Analysis: Why Big-City Politician Villaraigosa Is Spending So Much Time in Farm Country",
"headTitle": "News Analysis: Why Big-City Politician Villaraigosa Is Spending So Much Time in Farm Country | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Antonio Villaraigosa is not the sort of politician who would scuff his well-shined shoes with the dust from San Joaquin Valley farms, or so you might think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet the natty former Los Angeles mayor and Assembly speaker is going beyond traditional Democratic sources of money in Hollywood, San Francisco and the Silicon Valley to the Central Valley, as \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/antonio-villaraigosa-says-hes-not-a-partisan-warrior-but-hes-ready-to-fight/\">he fights for his political life\u003c/a> in the race for governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The onetime union organizer and Southern California ACLU board member has tapped farmers, many of them Republicans, for more than $640,000, nearly 10 percent of the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/villaraigosa-raised-a-bundle-in-april-but-then-theres-the-bad-news/\">money\u003c/a> he has raised since the start of 2017, a CALmatters analysis of his campaign contributions shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This unlikely pairing of the big-city Democrat and farmers suggests that Villaraigosa sees Central California as a path to one of the top two slots in the June primary election so he can compete in the November run-off—presumably against the front-runner, Democratic Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa will be in Modesto later this month for a fundraiser hosted by almond growers, one of dozens of trips he has made as a candidate to the Other California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s paying off. Political action committees representing pistachio growers, berry farmers and dairy operators have given him $20,000 or more each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>J.G. Boswell Co., one the state’s largest farmland owners, has given him $50,000. Fresno almond farmer Donald Peracchi chipped in $25,000. Peracchi is president of the Westlands Water District, which supplies water to farms in Fresno and Kings counties, and no issue is more important to farmers than water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Woolf said Villaraigosa spent “two full days” with her Fresno-based farming operation last year, “learning about water and agriculture,” and has returned multiple times since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He wasn’t coming with answers. He was coming to listen,” said Woolf, a Republican. Woolf Farming donated $15,000 to his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa supports the proposed \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/latest-news/article202823509.html\">Temperance Flat\u003c/a> reservoir east of Fresno and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/editorials/article51406055.html\">Sites Reservoir\u003c/a> north of Sacramento, projects embraced by farmers. He opposes the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-delta-tunnel-mwd-20180410-story.html\">Delta tunnel project\u003c/a>, intended to deliver water from the Sacramento River to the San Joaquin Valley and Southern California, as too divisive. And he calls for a “grand bargain” to end water wars. Governors, including Jerry Brown, have tried that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Fresno County town of Reedley, Dan Gerawan and his family lay claim to being the nation’s largest growers of peaches, plums and nectarines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gerawan also has the distinction of being the target of Cesar Chavez’s last organizing drive, in 1990, before the iconic founder of the United Farm Workers died in 1993. Ever since, Gerawan and the union have been enmeshed in an \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-gerawan-ufw-20150731-story.html\">epic struggle\u003c/a> that has spread from the fields to the California Agriculture Labor Relations Board, the Legislature and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-farmworker-court-20171127-story.html\">courts\u003c/a>. It continues to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 9, Gerawan gave $5,000 to Villaraigosa’s run for governor, one of the few times Gerawan has donated to a Democrat. Two weeks later, UFW President Arturo Rodriguez delivered the union’s endorsement of Villaraigosa: “Antonio has consistently stood with and worked with farm workers in good times and tough times over the course of many years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Farmers and workers share a lot of the same goals,” Villaraigosa told CALmatters. “They want a healthy economy and they want the Central Valley to get its fair share.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662948\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662948\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Former San Francisco mayor and Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, another Democratic candidate for governor and the race's current frontrunner.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former San Francisco mayor and Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, another Democratic candidate for governor and the race’s current front-runner. \u003ccite>(Jessica Kourkounis/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1998/aug/02/magazine/tm-9282\">arrived in Sacramento\u003c/a> as a liberal, hardly a go-to legislator for farmers. The first bill he introduced as a freshman assemblyman in 1995 would have raised income taxes on rich people. In another early bill, he aimed to tax bullets. Republicans still had clout in Sacramento then, so neither bill got far. Later, as Assembly speaker, he helped make Chavez’s birthdate a paid holiday for state workers, with votes from several Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers might prefer a Republican as governor. But they can count. With Republicans only a fourth of California’s voters, a Democrat almost surely will succeed Brown, who is leaving because of term limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are wary of Newsom, the former San Francisco mayor, seeing him as too liberal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Newsom and Villaraigosa raised \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/villaraigosa-raised-a-bundle-in-april-but-then-theres-the-bad-news/\">more than $3 million\u003c/a> between them, their biggest fund-raising month of the campaign. But they are limited by caps on contributions. Not so wealthy individuals beyond the candidates’ control. That became evident recently when Netflix Chief Executive Officer Reed Hastings and Los Angeles billionaire Eli Broad infused an independent, pro-charter-school campaign fund with $8.5 million to benefit Villaraigosa, a supporter of the cause. Expect more in the days ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662952\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662952\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-800x594.jpg\" alt=\"Republican venture capitalist John Cox is running for California governor in 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"594\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-240x178.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-375x278.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-520x386.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Republican venture capitalist John Cox is running for California governor in 2018. \u003ccite>(Courtesy John Cox Campaign)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For now, Newsom has a significant lead, followed by Republican businessman John Cox and Villaraigosa, according to the latest poll by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-california-governor-senate-poll-20180321-story.html\">Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a>. But many voters are undecided. That’s especially true in the San Joaquin Valley, where 29 percent of the likely voters have not made up their minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No wonder, then, that Villaraigosa, Cox and other leading candidates for governor will appear at a debate later this month in Fresno, though Newsom is skipping it. The race in June is one for second place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nor is it surprising that Cox, who lives in the San Diego area, is airing a radio ad in the Central Valley deriding “L.A. Democrat Antonio Villaraigosa.” The ad singles out Villaraigosa’s support for spending “billions on the bullet train.” Cox knows the high-speed rail project being built in the Fresno area is \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/survey/S_316MBS.pdf\">unpopular in the valley\u003c/a>, particularly among Republicans who might be tempted to vote for Villaraigosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the political elites, the Central Valley is just another whistle stop,” Cox’s ad says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, it is a whistle stop for out-of-town politicians. But for Villaraigosa, it’s also an ATM and, he hopes, a well of votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The former L.A. mayor is going beyond traditional Democratic sources of money as he fights for his political life in the race for governor.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Antonio Villaraigosa is not the sort of politician who would scuff his well-shined shoes with the dust from San Joaquin Valley farms, or so you might think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet the natty former Los Angeles mayor and Assembly speaker is going beyond traditional Democratic sources of money in Hollywood, San Francisco and the Silicon Valley to the Central Valley, as \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/antonio-villaraigosa-says-hes-not-a-partisan-warrior-but-hes-ready-to-fight/\">he fights for his political life\u003c/a> in the race for governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The onetime union organizer and Southern California ACLU board member has tapped farmers, many of them Republicans, for more than $640,000, nearly 10 percent of the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/villaraigosa-raised-a-bundle-in-april-but-then-theres-the-bad-news/\">money\u003c/a> he has raised since the start of 2017, a CALmatters analysis of his campaign contributions shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This unlikely pairing of the big-city Democrat and farmers suggests that Villaraigosa sees Central California as a path to one of the top two slots in the June primary election so he can compete in the November run-off—presumably against the front-runner, Democratic Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa will be in Modesto later this month for a fundraiser hosted by almond growers, one of dozens of trips he has made as a candidate to the Other California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s paying off. Political action committees representing pistachio growers, berry farmers and dairy operators have given him $20,000 or more each.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>J.G. Boswell Co., one the state’s largest farmland owners, has given him $50,000. Fresno almond farmer Donald Peracchi chipped in $25,000. Peracchi is president of the Westlands Water District, which supplies water to farms in Fresno and Kings counties, and no issue is more important to farmers than water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Woolf said Villaraigosa spent “two full days” with her Fresno-based farming operation last year, “learning about water and agriculture,” and has returned multiple times since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He wasn’t coming with answers. He was coming to listen,” said Woolf, a Republican. Woolf Farming donated $15,000 to his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa supports the proposed \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/latest-news/article202823509.html\">Temperance Flat\u003c/a> reservoir east of Fresno and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/opinion/editorials/article51406055.html\">Sites Reservoir\u003c/a> north of Sacramento, projects embraced by farmers. He opposes the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-delta-tunnel-mwd-20180410-story.html\">Delta tunnel project\u003c/a>, intended to deliver water from the Sacramento River to the San Joaquin Valley and Southern California, as too divisive. And he calls for a “grand bargain” to end water wars. Governors, including Jerry Brown, have tried that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Fresno County town of Reedley, Dan Gerawan and his family lay claim to being the nation’s largest growers of peaches, plums and nectarines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gerawan also has the distinction of being the target of Cesar Chavez’s last organizing drive, in 1990, before the iconic founder of the United Farm Workers died in 1993. Ever since, Gerawan and the union have been enmeshed in an \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-gerawan-ufw-20150731-story.html\">epic struggle\u003c/a> that has spread from the fields to the California Agriculture Labor Relations Board, the Legislature and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-farmworker-court-20171127-story.html\">courts\u003c/a>. It continues to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 9, Gerawan gave $5,000 to Villaraigosa’s run for governor, one of the few times Gerawan has donated to a Democrat. Two weeks later, UFW President Arturo Rodriguez delivered the union’s endorsement of Villaraigosa: “Antonio has consistently stood with and worked with farm workers in good times and tough times over the course of many years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Farmers and workers share a lot of the same goals,” Villaraigosa told CALmatters. “They want a healthy economy and they want the Central Valley to get its fair share.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662948\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662948\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Former San Francisco mayor and Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, another Democratic candidate for governor and the race's current frontrunner.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Newsom-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former San Francisco mayor and Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, another Democratic candidate for governor and the race’s current front-runner. \u003ccite>(Jessica Kourkounis/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Villaraigosa \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1998/aug/02/magazine/tm-9282\">arrived in Sacramento\u003c/a> as a liberal, hardly a go-to legislator for farmers. The first bill he introduced as a freshman assemblyman in 1995 would have raised income taxes on rich people. In another early bill, he aimed to tax bullets. Republicans still had clout in Sacramento then, so neither bill got far. Later, as Assembly speaker, he helped make Chavez’s birthdate a paid holiday for state workers, with votes from several Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers might prefer a Republican as governor. But they can count. With Republicans only a fourth of California’s voters, a Democrat almost surely will succeed Brown, who is leaving because of term limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are wary of Newsom, the former San Francisco mayor, seeing him as too liberal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Newsom and Villaraigosa raised \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/blog/villaraigosa-raised-a-bundle-in-april-but-then-theres-the-bad-news/\">more than $3 million\u003c/a> between them, their biggest fund-raising month of the campaign. But they are limited by caps on contributions. Not so wealthy individuals beyond the candidates’ control. That became evident recently when Netflix Chief Executive Officer Reed Hastings and Los Angeles billionaire Eli Broad infused an independent, pro-charter-school campaign fund with $8.5 million to benefit Villaraigosa, a supporter of the cause. Expect more in the days ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662952\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662952\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-800x594.jpg\" alt=\"Republican venture capitalist John Cox is running for California governor in 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"594\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-240x178.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-375x278.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Cox800-520x386.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Republican venture capitalist John Cox is running for California governor in 2018. \u003ccite>(Courtesy John Cox Campaign)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For now, Newsom has a significant lead, followed by Republican businessman John Cox and Villaraigosa, according to the latest poll by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-california-governor-senate-poll-20180321-story.html\">Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a>. But many voters are undecided. That’s especially true in the San Joaquin Valley, where 29 percent of the likely voters have not made up their minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No wonder, then, that Villaraigosa, Cox and other leading candidates for governor will appear at a debate later this month in Fresno, though Newsom is skipping it. The race in June is one for second place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nor is it surprising that Cox, who lives in the San Diego area, is airing a radio ad in the Central Valley deriding “L.A. Democrat Antonio Villaraigosa.” The ad singles out Villaraigosa’s support for spending “billions on the bullet train.” Cox knows the high-speed rail project being built in the Fresno area is \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/survey/S_316MBS.pdf\">unpopular in the valley\u003c/a>, particularly among Republicans who might be tempted to vote for Villaraigosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the political elites, the Central Valley is just another whistle stop,” Cox’s ad says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, it is a whistle stop for out-of-town politicians. But for Villaraigosa, it’s also an ATM and, he hopes, a well of votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Democratic Women Seek Political Inroads in California's Conservative Central Valley",
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"content": "\u003cp>Long a Republican stronghold, California’s Central Valley is often at odds with the state’s more liberal coastal communities. But Democrats believe that demographic changes and the reaction to Donald Trump’s election have created some opportunities for them in the valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent Saturday morning a group of women gathered in a community room in downtown Stockton. They were a diverse group made up of different races, ages and experiences. But they had a couple of things in common -- they’re Democrats and they all plan on running for office in the near future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why they were taking part in a training session by \u003ca href=\"https://emergeca.ngpvanhost.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Emerge California,\u003c/a> which helps Democratic women seeking public office. Today’s lesson? Fundraising. Finding enough money is often a barrier to women candidates, and Emerge trainer Jamie Maniscalco wanted to make something clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to remember that, when you are raising money for your own campaign, you’re not asking for personal gifts,\" she told the women. \"They are investing in you because they know that you’re going to have issues and values and vision that they can align with and support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emerge trainings have been happening for more than a decade, but this is the first year California’s program has expanded into the Central Valley. As more people from the Bay Area move in and more Latinos register to vote, the valley’s becoming friendlier to Democrats. Emerge California Executive Director Maimuna Syed says that, since the 2016 election of Donald Trump, applications have increased about 87 percent statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Women from Fresno, from Bakersfield, from Sacramento, from Nevada County, from right here in Stockton and Modesto, started to apply to the program at a significantly higher number,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/reports/women-candidates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Responsive Politics\u003c/a> bear that out. The center found more than 400 Democratic women have filed to run for federal office this year, up from about 230 in 2016. Women are also donating at higher levels, mainly to female Democratic candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660297\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 714px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11660297\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph.jpg\" alt=\"This graph shows the number of women who've filed to run for federal office.\" width=\"714\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph.jpg 714w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph-375x254.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph-520x352.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 714px) 100vw, 714px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This graph shows the number of women who've filed to run for federal office. \u003ccite>(Center for Responsive Politics)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, even with the increased interest, it will take time to get more women elected. Many female candidates will face incumbents, who with all their advantages can be hard to beat. Data compiled by the firm GrassrootsLab show that, of the 92 candidates running for Central Valley city council or county seats in June, just 20 are women. Syed says women are under-represented at many levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we dig deep into some of the counties here,\" she said, \"into some of these school boards, the water boards, there (is) no women representation on some of these smaller boards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660302\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660302\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Emerge class member Myel Jenkins is running for San Juan Unified School Board in Sacramento.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emerge class member Myel Jenkins is running for San Juan Unified School Board in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Of the women who complete the Emerge training, more than half go on to actually run for office or get appointed to local boards or commissions. Of those who run, the organization says nearly 70 percent have won.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Myel Jenkins is hoping she’s among them. She’s running for San Juan Unified School Board in Sacramento County. Jenkins says she has always had a little thought in her head about running for office, but the 2016 election spurred her to finally act on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As many Democratic women, I experienced moments of grief after the election,\" Jenkins said. \"And really felt propelled to make a difference and in a way that I haven't been making a difference before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies show the difference comes from women’s unique leadership style -- more consensus, less need to take credit for success and a female take on issues like child care, education and health. But first, they have to get elected.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Long a Republican stronghold, California’s Central Valley is often at odds with the state’s more liberal coastal communities. But Democrats believe that demographic changes and the reaction to Donald Trump’s election have created some opportunities for them in the valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent Saturday morning a group of women gathered in a community room in downtown Stockton. They were a diverse group made up of different races, ages and experiences. But they had a couple of things in common -- they’re Democrats and they all plan on running for office in the near future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why they were taking part in a training session by \u003ca href=\"https://emergeca.ngpvanhost.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Emerge California,\u003c/a> which helps Democratic women seeking public office. Today’s lesson? Fundraising. Finding enough money is often a barrier to women candidates, and Emerge trainer Jamie Maniscalco wanted to make something clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to remember that, when you are raising money for your own campaign, you’re not asking for personal gifts,\" she told the women. \"They are investing in you because they know that you’re going to have issues and values and vision that they can align with and support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emerge trainings have been happening for more than a decade, but this is the first year California’s program has expanded into the Central Valley. As more people from the Bay Area move in and more Latinos register to vote, the valley’s becoming friendlier to Democrats. Emerge California Executive Director Maimuna Syed says that, since the 2016 election of Donald Trump, applications have increased about 87 percent statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Women from Fresno, from Bakersfield, from Sacramento, from Nevada County, from right here in Stockton and Modesto, started to apply to the program at a significantly higher number,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/reports/women-candidates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Responsive Politics\u003c/a> bear that out. The center found more than 400 Democratic women have filed to run for federal office this year, up from about 230 in 2016. Women are also donating at higher levels, mainly to female Democratic candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660297\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 714px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11660297\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph.jpg\" alt=\"This graph shows the number of women who've filed to run for federal office.\" width=\"714\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph.jpg 714w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph-375x254.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Graph-520x352.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 714px) 100vw, 714px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This graph shows the number of women who've filed to run for federal office. \u003ccite>(Center for Responsive Politics)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, even with the increased interest, it will take time to get more women elected. Many female candidates will face incumbents, who with all their advantages can be hard to beat. Data compiled by the firm GrassrootsLab show that, of the 92 candidates running for Central Valley city council or county seats in June, just 20 are women. Syed says women are under-represented at many levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we dig deep into some of the counties here,\" she said, \"into some of these school boards, the water boards, there (is) no women representation on some of these smaller boards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660302\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11660302\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Emerge class member Myel Jenkins is running for San Juan Unified School Board in Sacramento.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30317_Myel-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emerge class member Myel Jenkins is running for San Juan Unified School Board in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Of the women who complete the Emerge training, more than half go on to actually run for office or get appointed to local boards or commissions. Of those who run, the organization says nearly 70 percent have won.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Myel Jenkins is hoping she’s among them. She’s running for San Juan Unified School Board in Sacramento County. Jenkins says she has always had a little thought in her head about running for office, but the 2016 election spurred her to finally act on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As many Democratic women, I experienced moments of grief after the election,\" Jenkins said. \"And really felt propelled to make a difference and in a way that I haven't been making a difference before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies show the difference comes from women’s unique leadership style -- more consensus, less need to take credit for success and a female take on issues like child care, education and health. But first, they have to get elected.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Wine, Nuts and Fruit Stand to Lose in a Trump Trade War With China",
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"content": "\u003cp>On Friday, China’s Commerce Ministry \u003ca href=\"http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/article/ae/ag/201803/20180302722664.shtml\">announced plans\u003c/a> to impose a 15 percent tariff on U.S. exports of wine, nut products and dried and fresh fruit in retaliation for U.S. tariffs on Chinese steel and aluminum, which the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/22/596058282/president-trump-orders-50-billion-tariffs-on-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">formally began the process of initiating\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the California Farm Bureau Federation, China is the third-highest-valued destination for California agricultural products after the European Union and Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One industry that stands to lose the most: California’s wineries and wine grape growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. sold over \u003ca href=\"https://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/pressroom/02142017\">$180 million\u003c/a> in wine products to China and Hong Kong in 2016, with the vast majority coming from California. If California wine becomes more expensive for Chinese consumers, the industry could be edged out of a market it worked for years to cultivate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growers are very anxious about losing market share in what has been the fastest-growing market for U.S. wine exports,” said John Aguirre, president of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cawg.org/\">California Association of Winegrape Growers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once Chinese buyers replace U.S. wine, California wine, with other wine products, it’s very difficult to claw back that market share,” said Aguirre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the U.S. and California out of the ring, other countries would have the opportunity to move in. California’s wineries and wine grape growers would also have to identify new markets in which to sell their products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another player that could stand to lose: California nut growers and processors. In 2016 alone, the state exported over \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/statistics/PDFs/AgExports2015-2016.pdf\">$1 billion\u003c/a> in pistachios and almonds to China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Matoian, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanpistachios.org/\">American Pistachio Growers\u003c/a>, said it’s too soon to know whether China’s tariffs will hurt California’s nut industry, and that some are waiting to see if the U.S. backtracks in the face of retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There seems to be some suggestion from the administration that they may rescind or greatly reduce the tariffs that are proposed on aluminum and steel if the Chinese government were to have some sort of concessions,” Matoian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the U.S. stock market rose as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/27/597222003/talks-ease-concerns-over-potential-trade-war-with-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fears of a possible trade war with China eased\u003c/a>. The two countries have begun talks aimed at avoiding tit-for-tat sanctions that could damage both sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the Almond Board of California said that it is “monitoring for developments” and hopes “this issue may be resolved swiftly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing is perhaps predictable, as it has been in the past, with the Trump administration,” said Aguirre. “There may still be opportunity perhaps to back away or mitigate some of the worst consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Some of California’s key agricultural industries could take a hit if the Trump administration’s ongoing trade dispute with China worsens.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Friday, China’s Commerce Ministry \u003ca href=\"http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/article/ae/ag/201803/20180302722664.shtml\">announced plans\u003c/a> to impose a 15 percent tariff on U.S. exports of wine, nut products and dried and fresh fruit in retaliation for U.S. tariffs on Chinese steel and aluminum, which the Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/22/596058282/president-trump-orders-50-billion-tariffs-on-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">formally began the process of initiating\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the California Farm Bureau Federation, China is the third-highest-valued destination for California agricultural products after the European Union and Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One industry that stands to lose the most: California’s wineries and wine grape growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. sold over \u003ca href=\"https://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/pressroom/02142017\">$180 million\u003c/a> in wine products to China and Hong Kong in 2016, with the vast majority coming from California. If California wine becomes more expensive for Chinese consumers, the industry could be edged out of a market it worked for years to cultivate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growers are very anxious about losing market share in what has been the fastest-growing market for U.S. wine exports,” said John Aguirre, president of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cawg.org/\">California Association of Winegrape Growers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once Chinese buyers replace U.S. wine, California wine, with other wine products, it’s very difficult to claw back that market share,” said Aguirre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the U.S. and California out of the ring, other countries would have the opportunity to move in. California’s wineries and wine grape growers would also have to identify new markets in which to sell their products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another player that could stand to lose: California nut growers and processors. In 2016 alone, the state exported over \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/statistics/PDFs/AgExports2015-2016.pdf\">$1 billion\u003c/a> in pistachios and almonds to China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Matoian, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanpistachios.org/\">American Pistachio Growers\u003c/a>, said it’s too soon to know whether China’s tariffs will hurt California’s nut industry, and that some are waiting to see if the U.S. backtracks in the face of retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There seems to be some suggestion from the administration that they may rescind or greatly reduce the tariffs that are proposed on aluminum and steel if the Chinese government were to have some sort of concessions,” Matoian said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the U.S. stock market rose as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/03/27/597222003/talks-ease-concerns-over-potential-trade-war-with-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fears of a possible trade war with China eased\u003c/a>. The two countries have begun talks aimed at avoiding tit-for-tat sanctions that could damage both sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the Almond Board of California said that it is “monitoring for developments” and hopes “this issue may be resolved swiftly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing is perhaps predictable, as it has been in the past, with the Trump administration,” said Aguirre. “There may still be opportunity perhaps to back away or mitigate some of the worst consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"order": 1
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
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