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"content": "\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a> city leaders and activists are celebrating the 60th anniversary of the Black Panther Party with a commemoratively renamed street downtown and a host of events. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The party started in Oakland in 1966 as a group that patrolled the streets for police brutality. It soon expanded to offer community support programs such as free groceries, free breakfast (which \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandlibrary.org/blogs/post/celebrating-the-black-panther-party-free-breakfast-for-school-children-program/\">pressured\u003c/a> the government to establish a similar program), health clinics and educational programming. It was an important part of the civil rights movement and had a lasting impact on rights for Black Americans.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The city of Oakland on Saturday commemorated Broadway between 14th and 17th streets as Black Panther Boulevard, adding to its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13982568/bobby-seale-way-street-renaming-black-panthers-oakland\">sites named after prominent party leaders\u003c/a>. The Oakland City Council this month voted unanimously to approve the name change. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s monumental because we’re not doing this on the periphery of Oakland,” said Xavier Buck, executive director of the Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation, about the street renaming. “We’re doing it in the center, because we are making a statement that Oakland and the Black Panther Party are synonymous.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1343\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/10/GettyImages-514079888-7bb18dfb.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12105055\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/10/GettyImages-514079888-7bb18dfb.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/10/GettyImages-514079888-7bb18dfb-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/10/GettyImages-514079888-7bb18dfb-1536x1031.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Black Panthers march in protest of the trial of co-founder Huey P. Newton in Oakland, California. (Bettman/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation and the It’s About Time BPP have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13994388/hblack-panther-party-60th-anniversary-events-oakland\">hosting a lineup of events this week\u003c/a> to honor the anniversary, including a gala and workshops. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Billy X Jennings, now the group’s historian, remembers when he joined in 1968. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It was a glorious time for the city of Oakland and for America. It was a time of growth and development,” Jennings said. “The Black culture was rising to the top.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The group operated under a ten-point platform that called for freedom and individual demands like employment and housing for Black and other communities. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rori Abernethy, the daughter of former Black Panther members, was at an event at Bobby Hutton Park in West Oakland on Sunday, a site where Panthers held rallies decades ago. She said growing up with the organization was like having “a giant family.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When we left the party, I missed the adults that cared for me,” said Abernethy, now in her 50s. “Then when I got to see them at the reunions, I was so happy.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/IMG_0010-e1792364350575.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10866949\"/>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Billy X Jennings, a former Black Panther Party member, in 2016. He collected a treasure trove of archival materials about the Panthers in his Sacramento home. (Courtesy of Joshua Johnson)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Even though the party officially disbanded in 1982, activists, former Panthers and their families still take it upon themselves to continue to support the Black community. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Buck told KQED that in part means putting power into the community’s hands so they can guide Oakland’s future. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We got a lot of people with money coming in here trying to tell us what they want to do with it,” Buck said. Pointing to the dozens of social programs the group developed, “This is giving the people that blueprint. Not so we can be the Panthers of ‘66, but so we could be the revolution.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Young people are inspired to continue the Panthers’ legacy, Buck said, because of the conditions they are living in. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Trump administration and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2026/10/18/nyregion/nyc-ice-shooting-oscar-belgal.html\">shooting \u003c/a>by federal immigration agents in New York — adding to the number of ICE-related shootings and incidents that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12082395/san-francisco-condemns-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-actions-at-sfo-airport\">have drawn criticism\u003c/a> — are among those conditions, he said, stressing the importance of transferring the group’s knowledge to youth. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Elmer Dixon, co-founder of Seattle’s chapter of the Black Panther Party and chair of the Seattle Black Panther Party Legacy Group, attended the renaming of the downtown Oakland blocks. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Dixon said one of the biggest challenges facing the principles the group sought out and stood for is misinformation from social media and the government. He took aim at President Trump in particular. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“He lies every day when he gets in front of the camera, and a lot of people fall for that,” Dixon said. “It’s about making sure that you get correct information and making sure you’re diligent and making sure to follow up on sources of information that you’re getting.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Jennings said federal cuts to health care and instances of homelessness, for example, show the group’s legacy is still relevant.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Work is not done,” Jennings said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Huey P Newton Foundation is already doing some work for the community, Buck said. Headquartered in Oakland, it operates the Black Panther Party Museum, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.blackpantherpartymuseum.org/\">aims\u003c/a> to preserve “the true legacy and ideals of the Black Panther Party.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Abernethy said that people who are organizing in Oakland should look to replicate how the Black Panthers operated by being “fearless” and “meticulous.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/calam\">\u003cem>Christopher Alam\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/swhitney\">\u003cem>Spencer Whitney\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Buck told KQED that in part means putting power into the community’s hands so they can guide Oakland’s future. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We got a lot of people with money coming in here trying to tell us what they want to do with it,” Buck said. Pointing to the dozens of social programs the group developed, “This is giving the people that blueprint. Not so we can be the Panthers of ‘66, but so we could be the revolution.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The Trump administration and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2026/10/18/nyregion/nyc-ice-shooting-oscar-belgal.html\">shooting \u003c/a>by federal immigration agents in New York — adding to the number of ICE-related shootings and incidents that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12082395/san-francisco-condemns-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-actions-at-sfo-airport\">have drawn criticism\u003c/a> — are among those conditions, he said, stressing the importance of transferring the group’s knowledge to youth. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Elmer Dixon, co-founder of Seattle’s chapter of the Black Panther Party and chair of the Seattle Black Panther Party Legacy Group, attended the renaming of the downtown Oakland blocks. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Dixon said one of the biggest challenges facing the principles the group sought out and stood for is misinformation from social media and the government. He took aim at President Trump in particular. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“He lies every day when he gets in front of the camera, and a lot of people fall for that,” Dixon said. “It’s about making sure that you get correct information and making sure you’re diligent and making sure to follow up on sources of information that you’re getting.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Jennings said federal cuts to health care and instances of homelessness, for example, show the group’s legacy is still relevant.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The Huey P Newton Foundation is already doing some work for the community, Buck said. Headquartered in Oakland, it operates the Black Panther Party Museum, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.blackpantherpartymuseum.org/\">aims\u003c/a> to preserve “the true legacy and ideals of the Black Panther Party.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Abernethy said that people who are organizing in Oakland should look to replicate how the Black Panthers operated by being “fearless” and “meticulous.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/calam\">\u003cem>Christopher Alam\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/swhitney\">\u003cem>Spencer Whitney\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale co-founded the organization in the East Bay city to support Black residents. It’s still relevant today, activists say.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a> city leaders and activists are celebrating the 60th anniversary of the Black Panther Party with a commemoratively renamed street downtown and a host of events. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The party started in Oakland in 1966 as a group that patrolled the streets for police brutality. It soon expanded to offer community support programs such as free groceries, free breakfast (which \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandlibrary.org/blogs/post/celebrating-the-black-panther-party-free-breakfast-for-school-children-program/\">pressured\u003c/a> the government to establish a similar program), health clinics and educational programming. It was an important part of the civil rights movement and had a lasting impact on rights for Black Americans.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The city of Oakland on Saturday commemorated Broadway between 14th and 17th streets as Black Panther Boulevard, adding to its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13982568/bobby-seale-way-street-renaming-black-panthers-oakland\">sites named after prominent party leaders\u003c/a>. The Oakland City Council this month voted unanimously to approve the name change. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s monumental because we’re not doing this on the periphery of Oakland,” said Xavier Buck, executive director of the Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation, about the street renaming. “We’re doing it in the center, because we are making a statement that Oakland and the Black Panther Party are synonymous.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1343\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/10/GettyImages-514079888-7bb18dfb.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12105055\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/10/GettyImages-514079888-7bb18dfb.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/10/GettyImages-514079888-7bb18dfb-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/10/GettyImages-514079888-7bb18dfb-1536x1031.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Black Panthers march in protest of the trial of co-founder Huey P. Newton in Oakland, California. (Bettman/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation and the It’s About Time BPP have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13994388/hblack-panther-party-60th-anniversary-events-oakland\">hosting a lineup of events this week\u003c/a> to honor the anniversary, including a gala and workshops. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Billy X Jennings, now the group’s historian, remembers when he joined in 1968. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It was a glorious time for the city of Oakland and for America. It was a time of growth and development,” Jennings said. “The Black culture was rising to the top.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The group operated under a ten-point platform that called for freedom and individual demands like employment and housing for Black and other communities. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rori Abernethy, the daughter of former Black Panther members, was at an event at Bobby Hutton Park in West Oakland on Sunday, a site where Panthers held rallies decades ago. She said growing up with the organization was like having “a giant family.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“When we left the party, I missed the adults that cared for me,” said Abernethy, now in her 50s. “Then when I got to see them at the reunions, I was so happy.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/IMG_0010-e1792364350575.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10866949\"/>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Billy X Jennings, a former Black Panther Party member, in 2016. He collected a treasure trove of archival materials about the Panthers in his Sacramento home. (Courtesy of Joshua Johnson)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Even though the party officially disbanded in 1982, activists, former Panthers and their families still take it upon themselves to continue to support the Black community. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Buck told KQED that in part means putting power into the community’s hands so they can guide Oakland’s future. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We got a lot of people with money coming in here trying to tell us what they want to do with it,” Buck said. Pointing to the dozens of social programs the group developed, “This is giving the people that blueprint. Not so we can be the Panthers of ‘66, but so we could be the revolution.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Young people are inspired to continue the Panthers’ legacy, Buck said, because of the conditions they are living in. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Trump administration and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2026/10/18/nyregion/nyc-ice-shooting-oscar-belgal.html\">shooting \u003c/a>by federal immigration agents in New York — adding to the number of ICE-related shootings and incidents that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12082395/san-francisco-condemns-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-actions-at-sfo-airport\">have drawn criticism\u003c/a> — are among those conditions, he said, stressing the importance of transferring the group’s knowledge to youth. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Elmer Dixon, co-founder of Seattle’s chapter of the Black Panther Party and chair of the Seattle Black Panther Party Legacy Group, attended the renaming of the downtown Oakland blocks. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Dixon said one of the biggest challenges facing the principles the group sought out and stood for is misinformation from social media and the government. He took aim at President Trump in particular. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“He lies every day when he gets in front of the camera, and a lot of people fall for that,” Dixon said. “It’s about making sure that you get correct information and making sure you’re diligent and making sure to follow up on sources of information that you’re getting.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Jennings said federal cuts to health care and instances of homelessness, for example, show the group’s legacy is still relevant.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Work is not done,” Jennings said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Huey P Newton Foundation is already doing some work for the community, Buck said. Headquartered in Oakland, it operates the Black Panther Party Museum, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.blackpantherpartymuseum.org/\">aims\u003c/a> to preserve “the true legacy and ideals of the Black Panther Party.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Abernethy said that people who are organizing in Oakland should look to replicate how the Black Panthers operated by being “fearless” and “meticulous.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/calam\">\u003cem>Christopher Alam\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/swhitney\">\u003cem>Spencer Whitney\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "'It's Uplifting All of Us': Oakland High School Students Experience Lessons in Black History Beyond the Classroom",
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"content": "\u003cp>Lois the Pie Queen, considered one of the oldest \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/132331/your-guide-to-black-owned-eateries-around-the-bay\">Black-owned restaurants\u003c/a> in Northern California, recently served up a history lesson to Oakland high school students alongside its menu of soul food favorites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buildings have been torn down. New buildings been built. But in terms of here, it’s always been the same. Everybody wants to find Lois the Pie Queen and see what it’s all about,” said restaurant owner Corey Jackson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944744\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944744\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lois the Pie Queen restaurant in Oakland on March 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lois the Pie Queen’s decades-long staying power in the community made it the ideal first stop during a high school field trip tour of historic Black sites in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Tony Green, a teacher at Bishop O’Dowd High School, led the field trip for a group of juniors and seniors enrolled in his Advanced Placement African American Studies class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944785\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944785\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A close up of a diner counter with hot sauce bottles, glass sugar containers, salt and pepper shakers, packets of jelly and plastic bottles of ketchup neatly arranged. In the background, a large collage of individually framed photos decorate the wall leaving no room between each frame. In the center, coffee pots warm on the coffee station.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photos fill the wall behind the lunch counter at Lois the Pie Queen restaurant in Oakland on March 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Throughout the year, Green said he’s taught his students about the wealth gap, redlining and gentrification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s meaningful because it’s an attempt at telling the actual truth about African Americans and their relationship with the rest of the world,” said Green, who’s been teaching a version of the class for 32 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944745\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Tony Green speaks to his African American studies class at Bishop O’Dowd High School in Oakland on March 22, 2023, following a field trip to historic Black sites in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christian Colbert, a junior, said Green’s teaching style — which aims not only to explain historical facts, but to also show how they’re interconnected across time — resonated with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just feel like a lot of history classes are just like bits and pieces of history,” he said. “Classes like these, kind of give you the whole thing, from like, ancient in Mali, to like, all the way to the Black Panthers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944737\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944737\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Students sit at desks inside a classroom. A projector displays a presentation. Three high school boys stand at the podium in front of the classroom ready to speak.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christian Colbert (right), a junior, speaks about urban development and redlining during a presentation in Tony Green’s African American studies class at Bishop O’Dowd High School in Oakland on March 22, 2023, following a field trip to historic Black sites in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bishop O’Dowd, a Catholic school, is among 60 schools in the U.S. currently piloting the \u003ca href=\"https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/media/pdf/ap-african-american-studies-course-framework.pdf\">College Board AP African American Studies curriculum (PDF)\u003c/a> — which covers early African societies, the slave trade and the history of resistance and resilience in the U.S.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Catherine Gholamipour, student\"]‘History is mainly white history. You don’t get a ton of exposure to stuff like this in other classes.’[/pullquote]Recently, the curriculum became part of a national political debate around teaching history in schools. The focus on topics such as Black feminism, among others, is one of the reasons why \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/01/1153434464/college-boards-revised-ap-african-american-studies-course-draws-new-criticism\">Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis\u003c/a> initially refused to offer the course in schools in that state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has also had its share of discussions around social studies requirements. Starting with the class of 2030, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891396/new-california-law-will-require-ethnic-studies-class-for-high-schoolers\">a new law\u003c/a> mandates all high school students in the Golden State complete a semester of ethnic studies — in part to help students of color see themselves reflected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“History is mainly white history,” said Catherine Gholamipour, a student in Green’s class. “You don’t get a ton of exposure to stuff like this in other classes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her peer Nartan Farucht, a senior, echoed the importance of a class that fills in the gaps of other social studies classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944740\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944740\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt='A sign hangs outside of a brick building reads \"Marcus Books.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign for Marcus Book Store hangs above the business in Oakland on March 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You can’t actually talk about the way we built our government, where we built our cities, we built our schools, without talking about the slave trade and the people who actually built these locations on their backs,” Farucht said.[aside postID=news_11942006 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/Mother-and-Son-1020x765.jpeg']Green and his students all live in Oakland, a city lush with history and the birthplace of the revolutionary Black Panther Party. During the field trip, the class made additional stops at Marcus Books, the oldest Black-owned bookstore in the country, and the West Oakland Mural Project, whose blue facade recognizes the women of the Black Panther Party and houses the only museum in the U.S. dedicated to the organization’s legacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jilchristina Vest, the museum’s founder and curator, explained to Green’s class how the party was instrumental in community service efforts, offering free breakfast programs, health care and food co-ops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s uplifting all of us, and if I’m not allowed to learn my history as an American, then why do we have schools at all,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tobias Aisien, a junior at Bishop O’Dowd, said the museum visit helped him make connections to the history he’s been studying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944750\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944750\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tobias Aisien, a Bishop O’Dowd High School junior, listens to speakers during Tony Green’s African American studies class in Oakland on March 22, 2023, following a field trip to historic Black sites in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Women’s involvement in the Black Panthers, you don’t really learn about that in the history books. So it’s just really cool to see,” Aisien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland’s contributions to Black history are highlighted in the AP course’s national curriculum, which includes a unit about the origins and contributions of the Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944792\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944792\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Inside a bookstore, a wall is covered in colorful imagery and black and white posters of historic figures such as James Baldwin, Paul Robeson, Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black history posters line a wall at Marcus Book Store in Oakland on March 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Green said AP African American Studies is expected to expand to hundreds of schools nationwide next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are a very diverse country and everybody here has made contributions,” he said. “So that’s what history is supposed to be, right? It gives us, the citizens of society, a sense of who they are and what their values should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Bishop O'Dowd, a Catholic high school in Oakland, is among 60 schools in the U.S. currently piloting the College Board AP African American Studies curriculum. Students recently took a field trip to learn more about important Black historical sites in their hometown.",
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"title": "'It's Uplifting All of Us': Oakland High School Students Experience Lessons in Black History Beyond the Classroom | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Lois the Pie Queen, considered one of the oldest \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/132331/your-guide-to-black-owned-eateries-around-the-bay\">Black-owned restaurants\u003c/a> in Northern California, recently served up a history lesson to Oakland high school students alongside its menu of soul food favorites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buildings have been torn down. New buildings been built. But in terms of here, it’s always been the same. Everybody wants to find Lois the Pie Queen and see what it’s all about,” said restaurant owner Corey Jackson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944744\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944744\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63804_007_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lois the Pie Queen restaurant in Oakland on March 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lois the Pie Queen’s decades-long staying power in the community made it the ideal first stop during a high school field trip tour of historic Black sites in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Tony Green, a teacher at Bishop O’Dowd High School, led the field trip for a group of juniors and seniors enrolled in his Advanced Placement African American Studies class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944785\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944785\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A close up of a diner counter with hot sauce bottles, glass sugar containers, salt and pepper shakers, packets of jelly and plastic bottles of ketchup neatly arranged. In the background, a large collage of individually framed photos decorate the wall leaving no room between each frame. In the center, coffee pots warm on the coffee station.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63800_001_KQED_LoisthePieQueenOakland_03222023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photos fill the wall behind the lunch counter at Lois the Pie Queen restaurant in Oakland on March 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Throughout the year, Green said he’s taught his students about the wealth gap, redlining and gentrification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s meaningful because it’s an attempt at telling the actual truth about African Americans and their relationship with the rest of the world,” said Green, who’s been teaching a version of the class for 32 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944745\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944745\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63818_001_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Tony Green speaks to his African American studies class at Bishop O’Dowd High School in Oakland on March 22, 2023, following a field trip to historic Black sites in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christian Colbert, a junior, said Green’s teaching style — which aims not only to explain historical facts, but to also show how they’re interconnected across time — resonated with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just feel like a lot of history classes are just like bits and pieces of history,” he said. “Classes like these, kind of give you the whole thing, from like, ancient in Mali, to like, all the way to the Black Panthers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944737\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944737\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Students sit at desks inside a classroom. A projector displays a presentation. Three high school boys stand at the podium in front of the classroom ready to speak.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63824_008_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christian Colbert (right), a junior, speaks about urban development and redlining during a presentation in Tony Green’s African American studies class at Bishop O’Dowd High School in Oakland on March 22, 2023, following a field trip to historic Black sites in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bishop O’Dowd, a Catholic school, is among 60 schools in the U.S. currently piloting the \u003ca href=\"https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/media/pdf/ap-african-american-studies-course-framework.pdf\">College Board AP African American Studies curriculum (PDF)\u003c/a> — which covers early African societies, the slave trade and the history of resistance and resilience in the U.S.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘History is mainly white history. You don’t get a ton of exposure to stuff like this in other classes.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Recently, the curriculum became part of a national political debate around teaching history in schools. The focus on topics such as Black feminism, among others, is one of the reasons why \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/01/1153434464/college-boards-revised-ap-african-american-studies-course-draws-new-criticism\">Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis\u003c/a> initially refused to offer the course in schools in that state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has also had its share of discussions around social studies requirements. Starting with the class of 2030, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891396/new-california-law-will-require-ethnic-studies-class-for-high-schoolers\">a new law\u003c/a> mandates all high school students in the Golden State complete a semester of ethnic studies — in part to help students of color see themselves reflected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“History is mainly white history,” said Catherine Gholamipour, a student in Green’s class. “You don’t get a ton of exposure to stuff like this in other classes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her peer Nartan Farucht, a senior, echoed the importance of a class that fills in the gaps of other social studies classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944740\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944740\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt='A sign hangs outside of a brick building reads \"Marcus Books.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63815_009_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign for Marcus Book Store hangs above the business in Oakland on March 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You can’t actually talk about the way we built our government, where we built our cities, we built our schools, without talking about the slave trade and the people who actually built these locations on their backs,” Farucht said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Green and his students all live in Oakland, a city lush with history and the birthplace of the revolutionary Black Panther Party. During the field trip, the class made additional stops at Marcus Books, the oldest Black-owned bookstore in the country, and the West Oakland Mural Project, whose blue facade recognizes the women of the Black Panther Party and houses the only museum in the U.S. dedicated to the organization’s legacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jilchristina Vest, the museum’s founder and curator, explained to Green’s class how the party was instrumental in community service efforts, offering free breakfast programs, health care and food co-ops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s uplifting all of us, and if I’m not allowed to learn my history as an American, then why do we have schools at all,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tobias Aisien, a junior at Bishop O’Dowd, said the museum visit helped him make connections to the history he’s been studying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944750\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944750\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63826_011_KQED_TonyGreenClassBishopODowd_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tobias Aisien, a Bishop O’Dowd High School junior, listens to speakers during Tony Green’s African American studies class in Oakland on March 22, 2023, following a field trip to historic Black sites in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Women’s involvement in the Black Panthers, you don’t really learn about that in the history books. So it’s just really cool to see,” Aisien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland’s contributions to Black history are highlighted in the AP course’s national curriculum, which includes a unit about the origins and contributions of the Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944792\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944792\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Inside a bookstore, a wall is covered in colorful imagery and black and white posters of historic figures such as James Baldwin, Paul Robeson, Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63808_003_KQED_MarcusBooksOakland_03222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black history posters line a wall at Marcus Book Store in Oakland on March 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Green said AP African American Studies is expected to expand to hundreds of schools nationwide next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are a very diverse country and everybody here has made contributions,” he said. “So that’s what history is supposed to be, right? It gives us, the citizens of society, a sense of who they are and what their values should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Nova Ukraine\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ostap Korkuna has a full-time job in tech, but since the Russian invasion of Ukraine on Feb. 24, he’s been spending most of his time coordinating humanitarian aid to his home country. Korkuna is the co-chair and director of Nova Ukraine, a non-profit run entirely by volunteers. Right now, he said, they are trying to secure planes to transport medical supplies for injured civilians and soldiers in Ukraine.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Former Sen. Barbara Boxer\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My heart is breaking as I watch this war unfold,” said \u003c/span>\u003cb>former Sen. Barbara Boxer,\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> D-CA (1993-2017). As the second week of Russia’s war on Ukraine unfolds, American and Californian support for Ukraine grew. Boxer shares her perspective on the war, sanctions against Russia, and whether Russian President Vladimir Putin can prevail. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This Week in California News and Politics\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, President Biden gave his first State of the Union, which was heavily focused on the crisis in Ukraine as well as plans for learning to live with COVID. We analyze what Biden’s priorities mean for California in addition to other news of the week\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Saul Gonzalez, KQED’s The California Report co-host\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scott Shafer, KQED politics and government senior editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: West Oakland Mural Project\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week’s look at Something Beautiful is a public art installation by the West Oakland Mural Project which highlights the vital role women played in the revolutionary Black Panther Party. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Nova Ukraine\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ostap Korkuna has a full-time job in tech, but since the Russian invasion of Ukraine on Feb. 24, he’s been spending most of his time coordinating humanitarian aid to his home country. Korkuna is the co-chair and director of Nova Ukraine, a non-profit run entirely by volunteers. Right now, he said, they are trying to secure planes to transport medical supplies for injured civilians and soldiers in Ukraine.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Former Sen. Barbara Boxer\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My heart is breaking as I watch this war unfold,” said \u003c/span>\u003cb>former Sen. Barbara Boxer,\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> D-CA (1993-2017). As the second week of Russia’s war on Ukraine unfolds, American and Californian support for Ukraine grew. Boxer shares her perspective on the war, sanctions against Russia, and whether Russian President Vladimir Putin can prevail. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>This Week in California News and Politics\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, President Biden gave his first State of the Union, which was heavily focused on the crisis in Ukraine as well as plans for learning to live with COVID. We analyze what Biden’s priorities mean for California in addition to other news of the week\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Saul Gonzalez, KQED’s The California Report co-host\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scott Shafer, KQED politics and government senior editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: West Oakland Mural Project\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week’s look at Something Beautiful is a public art installation by the West Oakland Mural Project which highlights the vital role women played in the revolutionary Black Panther Party. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Debut of Dr. Huey P. Newton Bust Spotlights an Influential Black Panther Party Leader",
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"content": "\u003cp>It was the first time in decades that she’d seen his glow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the California foundry that fired a bust of Black Panther Party co-founder Huey Percy Newton, his surviving spouse supervised as a bronze caster put finishing touches on what is now the first permanent public art piece honoring the party in the city of its founding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just glowed, like he did,” Fredrika Newton said. “His skin just glistened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unveiling took place Sunday at Dr. Huey P. Newton Way and Mandela Parkway, near the spot where Newton was murdered in 1989. It came as Panther alumni, descendants and others gathered to mark the 55th anniversary of a party that has long been both celebrated and vilified. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Fredrika Newton, founder of the Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation\"]‘I would like for people to see him as a total human being … he wasn’t just an iconic figure in a wicker chair. This was a man with vulnerabilities, with feelings, with insecurities, with frailties, just like anybody.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton remains a divisive figure. Many people still dismiss him as the leader of a band of beret-wearing, gun-toting hustlers — and no doubt would deplore the prospect of an American city memorializing him with a statue. Others say his failings were a drag on the Black Power movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, many love him to this day, venerating him as a man who, with Bobby Seale, sought to unite all Black, impoverished and oppressed people against America’s racist, capitalistic and unjust interests. His influence on the Black Lives Matter movement is undeniable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Huey was maybe the only man I’ve ever known that was a truly free man,” said his older brother, Melvin Newton. “He was universal. He felt that no one could be on his back, if he stood up. And he always stood ramrod straight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893574\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893574 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with long gray braids and hoop earrings smiles as she stands beside a bronze bust of the head and bare shoulders of Huey P. Newton, who has a '70s-style Afro.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton.jpg 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fredrika Newton, founder of the Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation, stands with a sculpture created by Dana King in Oakland on Oct. 24, 2021, near where Newton was murdered in 1989. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The youngest of seven children, Newton was born on Feb. 17, 1942, in Monroe, Louisiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His parents, Walter and Armelia Newton, moved the family to Oakland during a wave of the Great Migration, when the promise of work and less overt racial oppression lured thousands of African American families out of the Jim Crow South.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton struggled with his education, unable to read or write in high school as he was arrested for petty crimes. It was only after graduation from high school that, one might say, his real education began; a self-taught reader, he studied the works of W.E.B. Du Bois, Frantz Fanon and James Baldwin.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By his late 30s, he had a doctorate in social philosophy from the University of California at Santa Cruz, and he was well on his way to global fame and notoriety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton met Seale at a community college in Oakland, and the two founded the Black Panther Party for Self Defense in October 1966.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton, the minister for defense, and Seale, the chair, were frustrated with the largely Southern civil rights movement spearheaded by the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., which they felt had failed to address the problems of Black people in the North and West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893575\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893575 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with long gray hair and a purple knitted cap speaks into a microphone, amid people holding umbrellas.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS.jpg 1259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sculptor Dana King speaks to the audience at the unveiling at Dr. Huey P. Newton Way and Mandela Parkway in Oakland on Oct. 24, 2021, near where Newton was murdered in 1989. The sculpture is the City of Oakland’s first permanent art installation honoring the Black Panther Party, and the unveiling took place during a commemoration of the party’s 55th anniversary. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Historian Robert W. Widell Jr., who as a graduate student helped catalog Newton’s writings at Stanford University, said Newton was not a natural figurehead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My sense is that he sort of pushed himself out there to be this public, confrontational figure on the streets,” said Widell, now the history department chair at the University of Rhode Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I don’t know that that was his natural inclination, personality-wise. He was more of a theoretician. And I think he was pretty surprised at how rapidly [the Panthers] grew in exposure, whether it was fame or infamy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton and Seale wrote the party’s Ten-Point Program, which laid out the party’s beliefs and its demands. The party’s Survival Programs were beloved in nearly 70 communities the U.S. and abroad where it had chapters. The Panthers were known, among other things, for free breakfast programs for schoolchildren and a pioneering sickle cell disease testing program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Panthers’ antagonistic relationship with law enforcement has long cast a shadow over its legacy. In 1967, Newton was jailed for the shooting death of an Oakland police officer who had pulled him over. Although Newton was himself shot during the encounter and denied being responsible for the officer’s death, he was tried and convicted of voluntary manslaughter in 1968.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While imprisoned, the “Free Huey” campaign helped make him a symbol of racial injustice in the American criminal legal system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His conviction was overturned in 1970, and he emerged from prison to discover the party had grown well beyond Oakland. Its image largely centered on armed self-defense, including violent and lethal encounters between Panthers and police, both in Oakland and around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we also need to recognize the very real ways in which a lot of the violence that surrounded the Panthers was instigated and provoked by law enforcement themselves,” Widell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893580\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893580 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A crowd of people with umbrellas and masks watch or record with their phone action beyond the frame to the right.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7.jpg 1368w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Despite the rain, the crowd turned out for the unveiling of the Dr. Huey P. Newton Memorial Sculpture, at Dr. Huey P. Newton Way and Mandela Parkway in Oakland on Oct. 24, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Newton sought to rehabilitate the Panthers’ image, urging members to focus on the popular Survival Programs. He advocated for the rights of the Black community to defend itself from police, but changed his view that party members should openly carry guns as a check on police brutality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Coyote, the American actor and founder of the Diggers, a San Francisco improv troupe that worked with Panthers early on, grew close to Newton. The actor said the two communicated by phone almost weekly while Newton was incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was funny,” Coyote said, “and he was also deadly serious. He knew he was putting his life at risk and he was playing for keeps. And when you meet people like that, you don’t forget them.”[aside tag=\"black-panther-party\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although it had been in decline for several years, the Black Panther Party didn’t fold until 1982. That was after years of police surveillance, as well as dwindling national membership, infighting, allegations of embezzlement and scandals in which Newton was implicated and criminally charged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, on Aug. 22, 1989, Newton was murdered in Oakland, California, by a drug dealer. He was 47.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton’s bust, Fredrika Newton said, is meant to celebrate someone whose life and contributions to American history mean much more than his decline, including addictions to alcohol and drugs, and demise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would like for people to see him as a total human being,” said Newton, co-founder of the Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation. “That he wasn’t just an iconic figure in a wicker chair. This was a man with vulnerabilities, with feelings, with insecurities, with frailties, just like anybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Aaron Morrison, a native of Oakland, California, is a member of The AP’s Race and Ethnicity team. Follow him on \u003ca href=\"https://www.twitter.com/aaronlmorrison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It was the first time in decades that she’d seen his glow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the California foundry that fired a bust of Black Panther Party co-founder Huey Percy Newton, his surviving spouse supervised as a bronze caster put finishing touches on what is now the first permanent public art piece honoring the party in the city of its founding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just glowed, like he did,” Fredrika Newton said. “His skin just glistened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unveiling took place Sunday at Dr. Huey P. Newton Way and Mandela Parkway, near the spot where Newton was murdered in 1989. It came as Panther alumni, descendants and others gathered to mark the 55th anniversary of a party that has long been both celebrated and vilified. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton remains a divisive figure. Many people still dismiss him as the leader of a band of beret-wearing, gun-toting hustlers — and no doubt would deplore the prospect of an American city memorializing him with a statue. Others say his failings were a drag on the Black Power movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, many love him to this day, venerating him as a man who, with Bobby Seale, sought to unite all Black, impoverished and oppressed people against America’s racist, capitalistic and unjust interests. His influence on the Black Lives Matter movement is undeniable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Huey was maybe the only man I’ve ever known that was a truly free man,” said his older brother, Melvin Newton. “He was universal. He felt that no one could be on his back, if he stood up. And he always stood ramrod straight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893574\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893574 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with long gray braids and hoop earrings smiles as she stands beside a bronze bust of the head and bare shoulders of Huey P. Newton, who has a '70s-style Afro.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Frederika_Newton.jpg 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fredrika Newton, founder of the Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation, stands with a sculpture created by Dana King in Oakland on Oct. 24, 2021, near where Newton was murdered in 1989. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The youngest of seven children, Newton was born on Feb. 17, 1942, in Monroe, Louisiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His parents, Walter and Armelia Newton, moved the family to Oakland during a wave of the Great Migration, when the promise of work and less overt racial oppression lured thousands of African American families out of the Jim Crow South.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton struggled with his education, unable to read or write in high school as he was arrested for petty crimes. It was only after graduation from high school that, one might say, his real education began; a self-taught reader, he studied the works of W.E.B. Du Bois, Frantz Fanon and James Baldwin.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By his late 30s, he had a doctorate in social philosophy from the University of California at Santa Cruz, and he was well on his way to global fame and notoriety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton met Seale at a community college in Oakland, and the two founded the Black Panther Party for Self Defense in October 1966.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton, the minister for defense, and Seale, the chair, were frustrated with the largely Southern civil rights movement spearheaded by the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., which they felt had failed to address the problems of Black people in the North and West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893575\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893575 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with long gray hair and a purple knitted cap speaks into a microphone, amid people holding umbrellas.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS.jpg 1259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sculptor Dana King speaks to the audience at the unveiling at Dr. Huey P. Newton Way and Mandela Parkway in Oakland on Oct. 24, 2021, near where Newton was murdered in 1989. The sculpture is the City of Oakland’s first permanent art installation honoring the Black Panther Party, and the unveiling took place during a commemoration of the party’s 55th anniversary. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Historian Robert W. Widell Jr., who as a graduate student helped catalog Newton’s writings at Stanford University, said Newton was not a natural figurehead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My sense is that he sort of pushed himself out there to be this public, confrontational figure on the streets,” said Widell, now the history department chair at the University of Rhode Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I don’t know that that was his natural inclination, personality-wise. He was more of a theoretician. And I think he was pretty surprised at how rapidly [the Panthers] grew in exposure, whether it was fame or infamy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton and Seale wrote the party’s Ten-Point Program, which laid out the party’s beliefs and its demands. The party’s Survival Programs were beloved in nearly 70 communities the U.S. and abroad where it had chapters. The Panthers were known, among other things, for free breakfast programs for schoolchildren and a pioneering sickle cell disease testing program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Panthers’ antagonistic relationship with law enforcement has long cast a shadow over its legacy. In 1967, Newton was jailed for the shooting death of an Oakland police officer who had pulled him over. Although Newton was himself shot during the encounter and denied being responsible for the officer’s death, he was tried and convicted of voluntary manslaughter in 1968.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While imprisoned, the “Free Huey” campaign helped make him a symbol of racial injustice in the American criminal legal system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His conviction was overturned in 1970, and he emerged from prison to discover the party had grown well beyond Oakland. Its image largely centered on armed self-defense, including violent and lethal encounters between Panthers and police, both in Oakland and around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we also need to recognize the very real ways in which a lot of the violence that surrounded the Panthers was instigated and provoked by law enforcement themselves,” Widell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11893580\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11893580 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A crowd of people with umbrellas and masks watch or record with their phone action beyond the frame to the right.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Image-from-iOS-7.jpg 1368w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Despite the rain, the crowd turned out for the unveiling of the Dr. Huey P. Newton Memorial Sculpture, at Dr. Huey P. Newton Way and Mandela Parkway in Oakland on Oct. 24, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Newton sought to rehabilitate the Panthers’ image, urging members to focus on the popular Survival Programs. He advocated for the rights of the Black community to defend itself from police, but changed his view that party members should openly carry guns as a check on police brutality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Coyote, the American actor and founder of the Diggers, a San Francisco improv troupe that worked with Panthers early on, grew close to Newton. The actor said the two communicated by phone almost weekly while Newton was incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was funny,” Coyote said, “and he was also deadly serious. He knew he was putting his life at risk and he was playing for keeps. And when you meet people like that, you don’t forget them.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although it had been in decline for several years, the Black Panther Party didn’t fold until 1982. That was after years of police surveillance, as well as dwindling national membership, infighting, allegations of embezzlement and scandals in which Newton was implicated and criminally charged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, on Aug. 22, 1989, Newton was murdered in Oakland, California, by a drug dealer. He was 47.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton’s bust, Fredrika Newton said, is meant to celebrate someone whose life and contributions to American history mean much more than his decline, including addictions to alcohol and drugs, and demise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would like for people to see him as a total human being,” said Newton, co-founder of the Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation. “That he wasn’t just an iconic figure in a wicker chair. This was a man with vulnerabilities, with feelings, with insecurities, with frailties, just like anybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Aaron Morrison, a native of Oakland, California, is a member of The AP’s Race and Ethnicity team. Follow him on \u003ca href=\"https://www.twitter.com/aaronlmorrison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "'This Is American History': Oakland Mini Museum on the Black Panther Party Opens on Juneteenth",
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"content": "\u003cp>In celebration of Juneteenth this year, \u003ca href=\"https://westoaklandmuralproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The West Oakland Mural Project\u003c/a> opened a small museum to highlight Black Panther Party history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to stay here for as long as I am able to sustain it,” said Jilchristina Vest, the visionary and owner of the house and museum, on what she’s calling a “mini museum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Kate Wolffe spoke with Vest about what she hopes to share with the community, the significance of the location and what it means to open this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878702\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2.jpg 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abené (left) and Julian Rucker look at displays in the Black Panther Mini Museum in Oakland on June 19, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What can people find inside the mini museum?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jilchristina Vest:\u003c/strong> The mini museum is a combination of several 8-foot banners that have a lot of beautiful photographs and a lot of really amazing information on them. There’s a lot of news articles — and information to take away, things you’ve never seen. A lot of it has been educational material that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858928/west-oakland-mural-honors-women-of-black-panther-party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ericka Huggins\u003c/a> has used in classrooms, as well as museum exhibits and pop ups.\u003cbr>\n[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jilchristina Vest\"]‘Oakland should be nothing but unabashedly proud that they are the birthplace of, in my opinion, the most dynamic group of humanitarians that ever gathered in one place at any point in history.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The items in the museum belong to Lisbet Tellefsen, who has curated other exhibits. These items have never been displayed all at the same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You really get to dive deep and learn about the Panthers taking elders to the grocery store, and making sure that people had their sugar checked and their blood pressure checked. It’s very in-depth and it’s very concentrated on 60 survival programs — giving people what they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I have experienced so far, of people leaving the museum, is people walk away lighter and happier, joyful, taller and feeling proud and grateful to have this information in their brain. [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Can you describe the history of this street and the legacy of the Black Panther Party here?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I bought my house in 2000 and I purchased a house here in West Oakland because of the Black Panther legacy, and how it’s attached to West Oakland. About five years after I moved in, I realized that the house is across the street from where Huey P. Newton was killed in 1989. I did not know that when I bought the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It just became even more profound because of the Black Panther Party. Most recently, on Feb. 17, on Huey P. Newton’s birthday, they renamed Ninth Street Dr. Huey P. Newton Way. Coming up in October, they’re going to be installing a bust from the Huey P. Newton Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the mural is sitting on Huey P. Newton Way, which wasn’t the case when the mural was born last summer — everything really seems to be falling in place beautifully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I think is so important is there’s a large group of people that know a fuller story of who the Black Panther Party was. A majority of Americans have been fed misinformation and a very biased and negative story of who the Black Panther Party was. It’s very, very important to me to teach and educate people who they really were and this museum and the mural makes it very obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Can you talk a bit about preserving the legacy of the Black Panther Party?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I think that there’s a movement right now, specifically in Oakland, and I hope that I am a part of that spark. I definitely want to be a part of the movement to ask Oakland to stand up and start behaving as if they are proud of this legacy. [aside postID=news_11873838,news_11858928]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland should be nothing but unabashedly proud that they are the birthplace of, in my opinion, the most dynamic group of humanitarians that ever gathered in one place at any point in history. Oakland gave birth to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of Black Panthers still in the Bay Area that want to participate in that. Nobody’s trying to hide any part of the history — we’re trying to complete the story. This movement, this mural, this museum, my mission is to try to complete the story, give all the information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This, along with all kinds of history that has been labeled Black history or ethnic history, and therefore [some say] we don’t have to teach it. This is American history. American citizens were helped by the Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In celebration of Juneteenth this year, \u003ca href=\"https://westoaklandmuralproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The West Oakland Mural Project\u003c/a> opened a small museum to highlight Black Panther Party history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to stay here for as long as I am able to sustain it,” said Jilchristina Vest, the visionary and owner of the house and museum, on what she’s calling a “mini museum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Kate Wolffe spoke with Vest about what she hopes to share with the community, the significance of the location and what it means to open this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878702\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2.jpg 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abené (left) and Julian Rucker look at displays in the Black Panther Mini Museum in Oakland on June 19, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What can people find inside the mini museum?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jilchristina Vest:\u003c/strong> The mini museum is a combination of several 8-foot banners that have a lot of beautiful photographs and a lot of really amazing information on them. There’s a lot of news articles — and information to take away, things you’ve never seen. A lot of it has been educational material that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858928/west-oakland-mural-honors-women-of-black-panther-party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ericka Huggins\u003c/a> has used in classrooms, as well as museum exhibits and pop ups.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Can you describe the history of this street and the legacy of the Black Panther Party here?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I bought my house in 2000 and I purchased a house here in West Oakland because of the Black Panther legacy, and how it’s attached to West Oakland. About five years after I moved in, I realized that the house is across the street from where Huey P. Newton was killed in 1989. I did not know that when I bought the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It just became even more profound because of the Black Panther Party. Most recently, on Feb. 17, on Huey P. Newton’s birthday, they renamed Ninth Street Dr. Huey P. Newton Way. Coming up in October, they’re going to be installing a bust from the Huey P. Newton Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the mural is sitting on Huey P. Newton Way, which wasn’t the case when the mural was born last summer — everything really seems to be falling in place beautifully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I think is so important is there’s a large group of people that know a fuller story of who the Black Panther Party was. A majority of Americans have been fed misinformation and a very biased and negative story of who the Black Panther Party was. It’s very, very important to me to teach and educate people who they really were and this museum and the mural makes it very obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Can you talk a bit about preserving the legacy of the Black Panther Party?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I think that there’s a movement right now, specifically in Oakland, and I hope that I am a part of that spark. I definitely want to be a part of the movement to ask Oakland to stand up and start behaving as if they are proud of this legacy. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland should be nothing but unabashedly proud that they are the birthplace of, in my opinion, the most dynamic group of humanitarians that ever gathered in one place at any point in history. Oakland gave birth to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of Black Panthers still in the Bay Area that want to participate in that. Nobody’s trying to hide any part of the history — we’re trying to complete the story. This movement, this mural, this museum, my mission is to try to complete the story, give all the information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This, along with all kinds of history that has been labeled Black history or ethnic history, and therefore [some say] we don’t have to teach it. This is American history. American citizens were helped by the Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Buffalo Sojourn, who just goes by Buffalo, has been a community advocate for decades. He’s also a former member of the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense and has served as a medical advocate for the past 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lately, he’s focused in particular on pushing for co-housing models for seniors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Buffalo Sojourn\"]‘My higher education came through the Ministry of Information as led by the multimedia master and free speech developer [Leroy] Eldridge Cleaver. Mumia [Abu-Jamal] is my junior brother.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area, where Buffalo has lived for over 40 years, can be a challenging place for seniors to find affordable housing. “Generally speaking, this is no place for old folks and it’s a hard place for old Panthers,” he said. Buffalo, 73, has been unhoused on and off for the past 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About three years ago, housing lawyer Beilal Chatila moved to West Oakland from Detroit. Chatila said he first met Buffalo while he was hanging out on the porch — they would sit and talk for hours. Eventually, Buffalo told Chatila about the many Black Panther Party-related documents he had in storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I found out that he was without shelter, it came as a shock because I knew at the time that he was helping people who had cancer,” Chatila said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chatila recently started a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/black-panther-party-member-needs-our-help\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GoFundMe\u003c/a> on Buffalo’s behalf, detailing his financial situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buffalo receives about $700 a month in government aid, but he spends $480 of that per month on a storage unit, where he has preserved thousands of important documents and other memorabilia related to the Black Panther Party,” Chatila wrote on the page.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873911\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873911\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buffalo and attorney Beilal Chatila on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 6, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Buffalo’s view, one of the most important things he can do is continue to preserve the legacy of the Black Panther Party for the generations to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buffalo’s story brings up a larger issue of ownership, power and historical narrative when it comes to preserving and sharing the legacy of the Black Panther Party in Oakland, and the broader Bay Area. He’s one of many people eager to ensure the history of the Black Panther Party is accessible and available to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Buffalo and the Black Panther Party\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Buffalo’s relationship with the Black Panther Party spanned the course of several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My higher education came through the Ministry of Information as led by the multimedia master and free speech developer [Leroy] Eldridge Cleaver,” Buffalo said. “Mumia [Abu-Jamal] is my junior brother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buffalo also helped start a Black Panther Party chapter in Portland, Oregon, but eventually returned to San Francisco, where he last served the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m an alumnus of Grove Street College,” he said. In the late ’60s and ’70s, the \u003ca href=\"https://sfbayview.com/2017/09/grove-street-college/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Grove Street College\u003c/a> student body included Black Panther Party co-founders Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale. Grove Street eventually turned into Merritt College, and a version of this evolved into what is now North Peralta Community College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When considering his own documentation of his years in the party, Buffalo spoke to the idea of value — who is valuing what, and the broader need to train the next generation of archivists. “I’m part of a group that we’re training people, persuading people to gain knowledge in library and information science so that we have a group of archivists,” Buffalo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who is telling the story, and how heavily police documents and FBI files are consulted, also forms the lens through which the story of the Black Panther Party is told. “There’s a number of additions and corrections to history as we know it,” Buffalo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chatila added, “It’s basically the concept of controlling the narrative at least as it relates to the value of these artifacts,” with the idea to pass along the lessons to people today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Buffalo has many different documents in his storage unit, he highlighted a few specific pieces: “We have two or three collage posters about Mumia made in three cities, in three decades, on two coasts,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873903\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873903\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buffalo holds a Mumia Abu-Jamal poster on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021, in front of a mural honoring the women of the Black Panther Party by Oakland-based muralist Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I have a number of things that, either Mumia gets out alive, and I give to him, or else he dies and I give to his kinfolks,” Buffalo said. He also noted that since Abu-Jamal’s birthday, earlier this year, there’s been renewed efforts to call for his freedom. \u003ca href=\"https://www.democracynow.org/topics/mumia_abu_jamal\">Abu-Jamal\u003c/a> is a journalist and \u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/author/list/57926.Mumia_Abu_Jamal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">author\u003c/a> currently serving a prison sentence for the alleged murder of a police officer in 1982 after a trial that failed to meet international standards, \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20081201103126/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/AMR51/001/2000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to rights group Amnesty International\u003c/a>. Many national and international celebrities \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org/articles/supporters-of-mumia-abu-jamal-rally-on-his-67th-birthday-for-his-release/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">believe he was framed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cases like Abu-Jamal’s continue to highlight the importance of having a reliable place to find information about the Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buffalo added that they’d “love to release it all and put it on the digital archive.” Then the public would be able to see any discrepancy — specifically with what may have been reported by \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/COINTELPRO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COINTELPRO\u003c/a>, the FBI counterintelligence program that aimed to discredit individuals considered subversive to the U.S. government. COINTELPRO used tactics such as psychological warfare, harassment and had extensive files on many Black Panther Party members.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Making the Black Panther Party’s History More Accessible in the Bay Area \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the late ’90s, shortly after Dr. Huey P. Newton’s papers were acquired by Stanford University for an \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/pr/96/960306panthers.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undisclosed amount\u003c/a>, Billy X Jennings started “\u003ca href=\"http://www.itsabouttimebpp.com/BPP_Newspapers/htm/Its_About_Time_The_Archives_of_Billy_X_Jennings.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">It’s About Time,\u003c/a>” an online archive with a physical space in Sacramento. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I made a promise at the time that we were going to start our own archives, and we did,” he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Jennings, access is the main issue. He wants people to be able to find the information wherever they are, especially those in Oakland. His own interest in archiving and preserving is in part because the history has been “distorted,” he said, referring to \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/COINTELPRO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COINTELPRO\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still participating in the struggle because in the Black Panther Party it was ‘each one, teach one.’ I have knowledge and experience to pass on,” Jennings said. “It’s very important to have the correct information to educate people about the legacy of the party … even though the party is not here today, the party has lessons to be taught.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fredrika Newton, widow of Black Panther Party co-founder Huey P. Newton, said the \u003ca href=\"https://hueypnewtonfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation\u003c/a> is working to digitize more archives and create public art to share the party’s history. She also said librarians have told her the Black Panther Party archives at Stanford libraries are some of the most visited. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Fredrika Newton, widow of Huey P. Newton, a co-founder of the Black Panther Party\"]‘Every member of the Black Panther Party has a false narrative courtesy of COINTELPRO … Lives were destroyed, relationships were destroyed, when people talk about: Did they just end? The party was destroyed.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the party, as well as their supporters, often have a “false narrative courtesy of COINTELPRO,” Fredrika Newton said. “Lives were destroyed, relationships were destroyed, when people talk about: Did they just end? The party was destroyed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Displaying some of this history as public art is a major project of the foundation, to help reclaim the narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s exactly what we did in the Black Panther Party: using art as education,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Rebalancing History Through Public Art\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For some supporters, that also means rebalancing the narrative, including the important role that women played in the party. Jilchristina Vest is the visionary and owner of the house with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858928/west-oakland-mural-honors-women-of-black-panther-party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mural honoring those women\u003c/a>. She said balancing the narrative doesn’t take anything away, but provides a more holistic story.[aside postID=news_11858928]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we need to understand, and the reason why I created the mural, was I was in such a deep place of grief and rage last summer,” Vest said, “and I needed to find balance and I needed to find joy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873904\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873904\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beilal Chatila, Buffalo and Jilchristina Vest look at Buffalo’s Black Panther Party memorabilia on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021, in front of a mural honoring the women of the Black Panther Party by Oakland-based muralist Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She recently launched a \u003ca href=\"https://westoaklandmuralproject.org/pages/mini-museum-the-mural\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new website\u003c/a>, and tickets are now available for a new pop-up exhibit open for the first time Juneteenth weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve gone too long with this negative false narrative of who the Black Panther Party was,” Vest said. “The Black Panther Party was systematically destroyed in ways in which that is still happening to people today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873909\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873909\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black Panther photos and posters at at the home of Jilchristina Vest on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021. Vest is making the ground floor of her home into a Black Panther Museum. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She echoes both Jennings and Buffalo in her view that much could be learned from the party’s legacy today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was nothing that we were doing then, that cannot be done times 10 today,” Vest said. “They were a group of humanitarians that were trying to save people, feed people, clothe people, house people, educate people, protect people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after unveiling the mural in February, Vest called her friend \u003ca href=\"http://www.thealliance.media/profile/lisbet-tellefsen/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lisbet Tellefsen\u003c/a>, who she describes as “the cream of the crop archivist for the Black Panther Party.” Tellefsen brought over some banners that had been sitting in storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11874964\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11874964\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buffalo tours the future site of a Black Panther Museum to be opened by Jilchristina Vest at her home on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vest would like to see a permanent museum in Oakland, a permanent staff and dedicated researchers preserving the legacy of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we continue to allow somebody else to tell us where we come from, then we’ll never know where we’re going,” she said. [aside tag=\"black-panther-party, oakland\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Vest said she’ll see how the pop-up museum goes and potentially keep it up longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our opportunity right now to unpack our own history and look at these archives and these photographs and the essays and speeches and remind ourselves that we’re descendants of,” she said, “in my opinion, one of the greatest groups of humanitarians that ever existed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Chatila launched the GoFundMe on behalf of Buffalo, they’ve raised nearly $25,000 of their goal of $100,000. As Chatila wrote in a recent update, “For now, he [Buffalo] is staying at Airbnb’s and is looking to buy a wheelchair accessible van for his medical advocacy work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chatila said he’s going to make sure Buffalo has everything he needs and they’d like to be able to put money toward a house that can be used as an example of the collective senior housing Buffalo envisioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without us as a society providing health care and housing, and taking care of the basic needs of the elders, we’re losing a part of history,” Chatila said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And since starting the GoFundMe, a company called \u003ca href=\"https://www.ripcord.com/about/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ripcord\u003c/a> has offered assistance in digitizing the Black Panther Party documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As KQED took photos in early May, Buffalo and Vest, who used to be neighbors, chatted about their time in the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She joked that perhaps he should sit in one of the rooms of the pop up — as a part of the museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873905\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873905\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buffalo, 73, stands on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021, in front of a mural honoring the women of the Black Panther Party by Oakland-based muralist Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "KQED spoke with a few of the people working to preserve and share Black Panther Party history with the community and the greater public.",
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"title": "How Some Elders are Working to Preserve the Legacy of the Black Panther Party in Oakland | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Buffalo Sojourn, who just goes by Buffalo, has been a community advocate for decades. He’s also a former member of the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense and has served as a medical advocate for the past 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lately, he’s focused in particular on pushing for co-housing models for seniors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area, where Buffalo has lived for over 40 years, can be a challenging place for seniors to find affordable housing. “Generally speaking, this is no place for old folks and it’s a hard place for old Panthers,” he said. Buffalo, 73, has been unhoused on and off for the past 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About three years ago, housing lawyer Beilal Chatila moved to West Oakland from Detroit. Chatila said he first met Buffalo while he was hanging out on the porch — they would sit and talk for hours. Eventually, Buffalo told Chatila about the many Black Panther Party-related documents he had in storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I found out that he was without shelter, it came as a shock because I knew at the time that he was helping people who had cancer,” Chatila said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chatila recently started a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/black-panther-party-member-needs-our-help\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GoFundMe\u003c/a> on Buffalo’s behalf, detailing his financial situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Buffalo receives about $700 a month in government aid, but he spends $480 of that per month on a storage unit, where he has preserved thousands of important documents and other memorabilia related to the Black Panther Party,” Chatila wrote on the page.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873911\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873911\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48929_007_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buffalo and attorney Beilal Chatila on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 6, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Buffalo’s view, one of the most important things he can do is continue to preserve the legacy of the Black Panther Party for the generations to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buffalo’s story brings up a larger issue of ownership, power and historical narrative when it comes to preserving and sharing the legacy of the Black Panther Party in Oakland, and the broader Bay Area. He’s one of many people eager to ensure the history of the Black Panther Party is accessible and available to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Buffalo and the Black Panther Party\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Buffalo’s relationship with the Black Panther Party spanned the course of several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My higher education came through the Ministry of Information as led by the multimedia master and free speech developer [Leroy] Eldridge Cleaver,” Buffalo said. “Mumia [Abu-Jamal] is my junior brother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buffalo also helped start a Black Panther Party chapter in Portland, Oregon, but eventually returned to San Francisco, where he last served the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m an alumnus of Grove Street College,” he said. In the late ’60s and ’70s, the \u003ca href=\"https://sfbayview.com/2017/09/grove-street-college/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Grove Street College\u003c/a> student body included Black Panther Party co-founders Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale. Grove Street eventually turned into Merritt College, and a version of this evolved into what is now North Peralta Community College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When considering his own documentation of his years in the party, Buffalo spoke to the idea of value — who is valuing what, and the broader need to train the next generation of archivists. “I’m part of a group that we’re training people, persuading people to gain knowledge in library and information science so that we have a group of archivists,” Buffalo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who is telling the story, and how heavily police documents and FBI files are consulted, also forms the lens through which the story of the Black Panther Party is told. “There’s a number of additions and corrections to history as we know it,” Buffalo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chatila added, “It’s basically the concept of controlling the narrative at least as it relates to the value of these artifacts,” with the idea to pass along the lessons to people today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Buffalo has many different documents in his storage unit, he highlighted a few specific pieces: “We have two or three collage posters about Mumia made in three cities, in three decades, on two coasts,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873903\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873903\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48945_025_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buffalo holds a Mumia Abu-Jamal poster on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021, in front of a mural honoring the women of the Black Panther Party by Oakland-based muralist Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I have a number of things that, either Mumia gets out alive, and I give to him, or else he dies and I give to his kinfolks,” Buffalo said. He also noted that since Abu-Jamal’s birthday, earlier this year, there’s been renewed efforts to call for his freedom. \u003ca href=\"https://www.democracynow.org/topics/mumia_abu_jamal\">Abu-Jamal\u003c/a> is a journalist and \u003ca href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/author/list/57926.Mumia_Abu_Jamal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">author\u003c/a> currently serving a prison sentence for the alleged murder of a police officer in 1982 after a trial that failed to meet international standards, \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20081201103126/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/AMR51/001/2000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to rights group Amnesty International\u003c/a>. Many national and international celebrities \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org/articles/supporters-of-mumia-abu-jamal-rally-on-his-67th-birthday-for-his-release/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">believe he was framed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cases like Abu-Jamal’s continue to highlight the importance of having a reliable place to find information about the Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buffalo added that they’d “love to release it all and put it on the digital archive.” Then the public would be able to see any discrepancy — specifically with what may have been reported by \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/COINTELPRO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COINTELPRO\u003c/a>, the FBI counterintelligence program that aimed to discredit individuals considered subversive to the U.S. government. COINTELPRO used tactics such as psychological warfare, harassment and had extensive files on many Black Panther Party members.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Making the Black Panther Party’s History More Accessible in the Bay Area \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the late ’90s, shortly after Dr. Huey P. Newton’s papers were acquired by Stanford University for an \u003ca href=\"https://news.stanford.edu/pr/96/960306panthers.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undisclosed amount\u003c/a>, Billy X Jennings started “\u003ca href=\"http://www.itsabouttimebpp.com/BPP_Newspapers/htm/Its_About_Time_The_Archives_of_Billy_X_Jennings.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">It’s About Time,\u003c/a>” an online archive with a physical space in Sacramento. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I made a promise at the time that we were going to start our own archives, and we did,” he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Jennings, access is the main issue. He wants people to be able to find the information wherever they are, especially those in Oakland. His own interest in archiving and preserving is in part because the history has been “distorted,” he said, referring to \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/COINTELPRO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COINTELPRO\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still participating in the struggle because in the Black Panther Party it was ‘each one, teach one.’ I have knowledge and experience to pass on,” Jennings said. “It’s very important to have the correct information to educate people about the legacy of the party … even though the party is not here today, the party has lessons to be taught.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fredrika Newton, widow of Black Panther Party co-founder Huey P. Newton, said the \u003ca href=\"https://hueypnewtonfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation\u003c/a> is working to digitize more archives and create public art to share the party’s history. She also said librarians have told her the Black Panther Party archives at Stanford libraries are some of the most visited. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Every member of the Black Panther Party has a false narrative courtesy of COINTELPRO … Lives were destroyed, relationships were destroyed, when people talk about: Did they just end? The party was destroyed.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the party, as well as their supporters, often have a “false narrative courtesy of COINTELPRO,” Fredrika Newton said. “Lives were destroyed, relationships were destroyed, when people talk about: Did they just end? The party was destroyed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Displaying some of this history as public art is a major project of the foundation, to help reclaim the narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s exactly what we did in the Black Panther Party: using art as education,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Rebalancing History Through Public Art\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For some supporters, that also means rebalancing the narrative, including the important role that women played in the party. Jilchristina Vest is the visionary and owner of the house with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858928/west-oakland-mural-honors-women-of-black-panther-party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mural honoring those women\u003c/a>. She said balancing the narrative doesn’t take anything away, but provides a more holistic story.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we need to understand, and the reason why I created the mural, was I was in such a deep place of grief and rage last summer,” Vest said, “and I needed to find balance and I needed to find joy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873904\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873904\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48943_023_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beilal Chatila, Buffalo and Jilchristina Vest look at Buffalo’s Black Panther Party memorabilia on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021, in front of a mural honoring the women of the Black Panther Party by Oakland-based muralist Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She recently launched a \u003ca href=\"https://westoaklandmuralproject.org/pages/mini-museum-the-mural\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new website\u003c/a>, and tickets are now available for a new pop-up exhibit open for the first time Juneteenth weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve gone too long with this negative false narrative of who the Black Panther Party was,” Vest said. “The Black Panther Party was systematically destroyed in ways in which that is still happening to people today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873909\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873909\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48938_016_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black Panther photos and posters at at the home of Jilchristina Vest on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021. Vest is making the ground floor of her home into a Black Panther Museum. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She echoes both Jennings and Buffalo in her view that much could be learned from the party’s legacy today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was nothing that we were doing then, that cannot be done times 10 today,” Vest said. “They were a group of humanitarians that were trying to save people, feed people, clothe people, house people, educate people, protect people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after unveiling the mural in February, Vest called her friend \u003ca href=\"http://www.thealliance.media/profile/lisbet-tellefsen/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lisbet Tellefsen\u003c/a>, who she describes as “the cream of the crop archivist for the Black Panther Party.” Tellefsen brought over some banners that had been sitting in storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11874964\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11874964\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48934_012_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buffalo tours the future site of a Black Panther Museum to be opened by Jilchristina Vest at her home on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vest would like to see a permanent museum in Oakland, a permanent staff and dedicated researchers preserving the legacy of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we continue to allow somebody else to tell us where we come from, then we’ll never know where we’re going,” she said. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Vest said she’ll see how the pop-up museum goes and potentially keep it up longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our opportunity right now to unpack our own history and look at these archives and these photographs and the essays and speeches and remind ourselves that we’re descendants of,” she said, “in my opinion, one of the greatest groups of humanitarians that ever existed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Chatila launched the GoFundMe on behalf of Buffalo, they’ve raised nearly $25,000 of their goal of $100,000. As Chatila wrote in a recent update, “For now, he [Buffalo] is staying at Airbnb’s and is looking to buy a wheelchair accessible van for his medical advocacy work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chatila said he’s going to make sure Buffalo has everything he needs and they’d like to be able to put money toward a house that can be used as an example of the collective senior housing Buffalo envisioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without us as a society providing health care and housing, and taking care of the basic needs of the elders, we’re losing a part of history,” Chatila said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And since starting the GoFundMe, a company called \u003ca href=\"https://www.ripcord.com/about/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ripcord\u003c/a> has offered assistance in digitizing the Black Panther Party documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As KQED took photos in early May, Buffalo and Vest, who used to be neighbors, chatted about their time in the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She joked that perhaps he should sit in one of the rooms of the pop up — as a part of the museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873905\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11873905\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/RS48925_003_Oakland_Buffalo_05062021-qut.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buffalo, 73, stands on Center and Ninth streets in Oakland on May 7, 2021, in front of a mural honoring the women of the Black Panther Party by Oakland-based muralist Rachel Wolfe-Goldsmith. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "a-trojan-horse-of-funk-and-soul-the-story-of-the-black-panthers-house-band",
"title": "A Trojan Horse of Funk and Soul: The Story of the Black Panthers House Band",
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"content": "\u003cp>Fifty years ago, an unlikely musical group evolved out of the Oakland chapter of the Black Panther Party. They were called the Lumpen. And although they quickly gained a following for their air-tight funk and striking lyrics, they were always meant to be much more than mere entertainment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where other bands of their era were content to coast on good vibes, the Lumpen\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>were out to preach a message of revolution in places where that message wasn’t always wanted. They were a musical cadre whose mission was to spread the seed of social revolution, armed with funk, attitude and matching outfits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1973, Michael Torrence is a 22-year-old Black Panther. He’s dedicated himself to the cause and obeyed every command. He’s a true soldier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were definitely as hardcore as anybody cause we dropped everything to come,” says Torrence. “We didn’t join to sing. We joined to be revolutionaries. We joined to make the revolution. We joined … to be Panthers!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But five years of complete devotion to the Panthers has taken a toll. Now, Torrence is desperate to focus on his personal life, just for a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to do this, he needs to get permission and it’s got to come from the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11730261\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11730261\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-800x475.jpg\" alt=\"When the Black Panthers needed a funk band to help galvanize the masses, the Lumpen didn't miss a beat.\" width=\"800\" height=\"475\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-800x475.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-160x95.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-1020x605.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-1200x712.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When the Black Panthers needed a funk band to help galvanize the masses, the Lumpen didn’t miss a beat. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of It's About Time Black Panther Party Legacy & Alumni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Torrence shows up at the Lamp Post — it’s a bar in West Oakland — where Panther leader Bobby Seale is having a birthday party. The two men huddle in a corner and talk for a while, but it’s all good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seale gives Torrence his blessing for some leave time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence is relieved. But as he’s making his way out of the bar, someone tells him that Huey Newton wants to see him. And he wants to see him now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton is Seale’s comrade and co-founder of the Panthers. For years, Newton has been a strong and charismatic leader. But recently his moods have been unstable. Tonight, for whatever reason, he’s agitated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence is ushered into a chair in a back room. And there, flanked by a couple enforcers, is Newton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And he says, ‘Comrade, I hear you want to leave us. Well, do you want to leave bad enough to die? Do you really want to leave bad enough to die?’ I don’t understand the question,” Torrence says. “And [Newton’s enforcer] June takes a gun and puts it to my head. ‘Oh no, comrade, I don’t want to die.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He say, ‘Okay. So this is what’s going to happen, you say…’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence starts to object. Newton isn’t having it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Would you tell this brother not to talk when I’m talking?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence gets a swift kick in the mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton begins again, “Okay then. So. You say, all power to the people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All power to the people,” mumbles Torrence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Torrence has just been persuaded to rethink his request for some time off — a pistol to the head is hard to argue with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828362\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828362\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former Black Panther and Lumpen member Michael Torrence. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>People Get Ready\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By 1973, Torrence’s years with the Panthers have been a rollercoaster life of extremes. Many times he’s picked up a gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he’s also picked up a microphone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Torrence did not join the Panthers to sing, the movement’s Minister of Culture gave him and three other young soldiers a special assignment for the cause. It was an R&B group called the Lumpen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Michael Torrence, former member of the Lumpen\"]‘You could really feel the energy, particularly among younger people, that we felt we could really make a change. Not only could we make a change, we were going to make a change. ‘[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it all began in 1970, the Lumpen’s music was explosive. The band was powerful, and so was the message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen worked nonstop for the cause, killing it wherever they performed: San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia and the Midwest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it only lasted 11 months. Then things in the Black Panther Party began to implode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the story of the rise and fall of an unlikely R&B group born out of social upheaval. The Lumpen weren’t out to make hit records, they were out to change American culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a journey unlike that of any other band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Michael Torrence was at the center of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rise of the Panthers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 1966, Huey Newton and Bobby Seale co-found the Black Panther Party. They’re both students at Merritt Community College in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within a few years, the Party offers educational programs, food service, free medical care and drug rehab to the Black community. And the Panthers are leading the fight against rampant police brutality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of the ‘60s, change is in the air, and the Bay Area is ground zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[In] San Francisco at that time, we were in the Fillmore District,” Torrence says. “It was very high-tension. Police were riding, you know, four or five deep. If you were out selling your papers they would come and harass you, snatch your papers, maybe arrest you, threaten you. But at the same time there was a lot of energy. That’s the best thing about it. You could really feel the energy, particularly among younger people, that we felt we could really make a change. Not only could we make a change, we were going to make a change. There was this commitment to die if necessary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those papers are the weekly bible of party information, a publication called The Black Panther. And the Howard Quinn Printing Company on Alabama Street is where the Lumpen story begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828364\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828364\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lumpen singer and former Black Panther James Mott, aka Saturu Ned. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Former Lumpen singer James Mott, now known as Saturu Ned, takes up the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wednesday night was distribution night, where we would get out the paper. Everybody would come,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s in 1970: He’s newly arrived from the Sacramento Panther chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the future members of the Lumpen are in attendance that Wednesday night: Torrence, Mott — now Saturu, William Calhoun and Clark “Santa Rita” Bailey. They all have musical backgrounds ranging from church choirs to professional-level experience, but when they meet, they’re just loyal young soldiers taking orders along with everybody else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a community gathering in Fillmore,” Saturu says. “At that time, Fillmore is not like it is now, changed, and the gentrification. It was … Fillmore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And on those distribution nights when various chapters would all come together from the Bay Area to get the paper out, we would sing,” Torrence says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we would sing, at that point, just doo-wop songs,” Saturu recalls. “So one night I went over there and the three of us sang and I joined in. And we started harmonizing. We just blended in so cool!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Michael Torrence, former member of the Lumpen\"]‘If this is how we can be helpful, if this is how we can be useful, if this will advance the cause, this is what we’ll do.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then what we began to do was, we’d just put other words to the popular songs. Because we would be singing what we called revolutionary songs to encourage us in the struggle. In terms of the Lumpen, it kinda grew out of that. Just us singing together. Part of, I guess, the tradition of just singin’ while you work,” Torrence says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a typical Wednesday. The four Panthers are at the print shop, stacking and racking and harmonizing into the night. But this time, there’s someone listening: Emory Douglas, the party’s Minister of Culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So after I got back to Central [headquarters], Emory comes in and says, ‘Hey brother, comrade James, you know, everybody relates to music.’ I say, ‘Yeah Emory, they do.’ He says, ‘You guys sound good. We could create a group and the group could be part of the Ministry of Culture, where we could be able to get that message out in the music.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emory Douglas is the brilliant style guru and visual artist whose iconic posters and flyers helped brand the movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just would make suggestions,” Douglas says. “Possibly adding some social justice context to the lyrics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Bobby Seale and Huey Newton are both behind bars. So Douglas approaches Panthers Chief of Staff David Hilliard. He understands the value of spreading the word through music, and he greenlights the project. He also gives the group a name: The Lumpen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a play on Karl Marx’s idea of the lumpenproletariat: the lower class that would rise up to crush the capitalist power structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828363\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828363\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former Black Panther Billy X Jennings, friend of the Lumpen members, and fan of the band. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“At the time the party was coming about, political education, political awareness, was growing tremendously,” says Billy X Jennings. He’s a former Panther and the party’s long time historian. He was tight with the Lumpen members fifty years ago, and still is to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In 1968, James Brown put out a song that really changed everything, because Black people, prior to that time, referred to themselves as Negro,” Jennings continues. “James Brown came out and said, ‘We’re Black and we’re proud.’ And once that record come out, you could never go back and say you’re a Negro. You could never go back! James Brown couldn’t have did that in ‘68 if there wasn’t a group like the Black Panther Party that had set up a foundation of knowledge already.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Emory was recognizing the role of music historically in Black people’s struggle and part of our culture period,” Torrence says. “He began to say, we can do something with this! You guys sound decent together anyway, because we just clicked like that. And so he encouraged us to put something together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever rehearsal we would do, we would have to do after whatever other assignments or duties we had,” Torrence continues. “So we had to go sell the papers, we had to do the breakfast program, we’d have to do the garbage run, we’d have to do security. We’d have to do whatever it is that any other Panther would do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the Panthers’ perspective, The Lumpen was not about show business. It was about contributing to the revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Singing for us was just political work,” Torrence clarifies. “And if they said the next day, ‘Okay, that’s it,’ fine. Cause we didn’t join for that. If I was really about that, I could have been trying to do it out there in the world. I could have been out there trying to get paid. We never got paid, it was just, if this is how we can be helpful, if this is how we can be useful, if this will advance the cause, this is what we’ll do. But it was always, we follow orders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now, only a few months since they were harmonizing to the oldies at the printing plant, their orders are to get onstage and get to work: Educate the people, spread the word and earn money for the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen assemble a six-piece interracial backing band from local players sympathetic to the cause. They’re called the Freedom Messengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the summer of 1970, the group is performing at rallies, community gatherings and Panther events around the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re good. They’re tight. It’s a professional show on par with almost any act. They’ve got the energy of James Brown, and the dance moves and harmonies of the Temptations. But the lyrics are all about what the Panthers are all about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2llXaUMMqc\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bobby Seale has just been arrested in New Haven. The first and only single the group makes is “Free Bobby Now.” It’s written by Bill Calhoun, recorded at Tiki Studios in San Jose in August of 1970. Calhoun’s song “No More” is on the flip side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The record is released on the Panthers’ own Seize the Time label, with credit to Black Panther Party Productions. It’s promoted in the Party newspaper, and sold at live shows and Panther events. Any profits are funneled back into the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen take the single around to Bay Area radio stations, but the lyrics are considered too provocative for airplay. But no one questions the quality of what they’re hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They took the craft seriously,” says Rickey Vincent. He’s the author of “Party Time: The Inside Story of the Black Panthers’ Band” and “How Black Power Transformed Soul Music”. It’s a subject he knows well. His mother was an early Panther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they did ‘People Get Ready’ by Curtis Mayfield and The Impressions, they hit those notes that you had to hit that show respect for those aspirations that were in that song in 1964-65. The Lumpen flipped the lyrics, obviously. Instead of saying ‘People get ready there’s a train a’comin’,’ they said, ‘People get ready, the revolution’s comin’, you don’t need a ticket, you need a loaded gun.’ And it was like, wait a minute, that’s soul music the way it’s supposed to be sung, but those are not lyrics the way we’ve heard them before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828372\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828372\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-800x1100.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1100\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-800x1100.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-1020x1402.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-160x220.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-1117x1536.jpg 1117w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit.jpg 1276w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lumpen performed a benefit show in Oakland on Oct. 11, 1970. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of It's About Time Black Panther Party Legacy & Alumni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen start headlining shows. They’re gigging weekly, doing benefits and playing college campuses up and down the West Coast. And when they’re not headlining, they’re on bills with the Grateful Dead, Carla Thomas and Curtis Mayfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And not only is the music on fire, but the live show takes choreography to a whole ‘nother level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once we hit the stage, [it was] nonstop,” Torrence says. “Even mixed in a dance routine where we would act out brothers on the block playing dice, and James Mott would be a cop. He’d come and harass one and he’d be beating this brother up, and he’d be beating him with a club and I’m watching it, and then I’d finally get disgusted and I’d jump on the cop and Clark and I together, we’d beat the cop down. So it wasn’t just the singing, it was the choreography. The whole experience was something they hadn’t seen before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the winter of 1970, the band hits the road for a tour of the Midwest and East Coast. The crowds are enthusiastic. But tensions are running high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Levinson is the Freedom Messengers’ 19-year-old sax player. After a show at the University of Minnesota, a snowstorm is kicking in. The band is packing up their gear when they’re approached by members of the Black Student Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll never forget this,” Levinson says. “They invited the Black members of the band to stay with them, but they didn’t want the white members of the band, of which there were two of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These guys from the student group come out and they look like a military junta,” says Saturu Ned. “[They] got on the black berets and the black boots. I’m like, ‘What are you guys doing?’ ‘Oh, uh, who are those white guys?’ ‘Excuse me? They’re a part of the Lumpen band.’ ‘Well, they can’t stay!’ We told ’em, ‘Look you motherfuckers, we’re not staying if they’re not staying.’ I said, ‘This is a people’s revolution and these are our brothers that we stand behind.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levinson is still close with Saturu and the other former band members. “That’s just a small example of the kind of camaraderie and unity we felt. There never was any racism promoted for or practiced by the Black Panther Party at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828371\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828371\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-800x1092.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1092\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-800x1092.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-1020x1393.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-160x218.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-1125x1536.jpg 1125w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4.jpg 1294w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lumpen performed at Stanford University on Feb. 17, 1971. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of It's About Time Black Panther Party Legacy & Alumni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen are also in the crosshairs of the cops wherever they go. Late one night after a college show in New Jersey, the police follow the band down an empty road heading out of town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They made us get out the car,” Saturu says. “They knew who we were and it was pitch dark where they pulled us over. We were like, this is it. They gonna kill us. There was a general rule back then, go to a lighted area. What they did was, one car got in front of us, slowed down. The other one got right behind us. And they waited for that real dark area to pull us over — this is part of the intimidation, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were four of’em. They was grinnin’. ‘Sing for us!’ So we started singing—what was that song? ‘As we stroll along together…’ They would harass us to let us know, we watching you. We know who you are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Lumpen are battling another force besides the authorities. And it’s coming from within the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were people in the party, some in leadership, some in the rank and file that said, ‘Yeah, these guys [in the Lumpen] think they’re something special,'” Torrence says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it wasn’t for Emory, I don’t think the Lumpen would have came about because Emory is the one who had the juice,” Billy X Jennings emphasizes. “And there was people that wasn’t into the Lumpen. They didn’t think revolutionaries should be doing that kind of thing. But they were older people too, there weren’t R&B people, they were blues people, and during that time there was a difference. Most of the leadership was southern guys. Southern guys like blues. We are young guys, we like R&B. So that’s why [the Lumpen] never really got any more higher than they were because they were always related to as Panthers first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that didn’t stop them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On Fire in Oakland\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s Nov. 10, 1970, at Merritt College in Oakland. It’s the alma mater of Huey Newton and Bobby Seale. The birthplace of the Black Panther Party. Tonight, to a packed auditorium, the Lumpen will get the message out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bear in mind: this group has been together for less than a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While almost everybody else in the San Francisco music scene has been getting high and jamming, the Lumpen have been working as full time revolutionaries, pursued by the police and the FBI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they still find time to get this group together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Billy X Jennings, a former Black Panther and the party’s historian\"]‘It was one of the best shows in my life because the audience was electrified. … We were thinking about the same thing — revolution.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And tonight is special. The show is being recorded for a live album, and the group pulls out all the stops. Billy X Jennings is there with his fist in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of the best shows in my life because the audience was electrified. Once the Lumpen came on and the band start playing, you would hear them repeat something to the crowd and the crowd would throw it back. Like when they say, ‘All power to the people,’ the crowd would say, ‘All power to the people!’ with a force! And when they’d say, ‘Death to the Fascist pigs,’ they’d say, ‘Death to fascist pigs!’ If you just listen to the people’s feedback alone, you could get high on that. They were killin’ me boy! And even to this day when I hear that, it gives me that revolutionary enthusiasm cause everybody was on the one that night. We were thinking about the same thing — revolution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The show was an undeniable success… but no album ever appeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The master tapes made that night went missing, and have never been found. Some have suggested that they were confiscated by the FBI. It’s also possible that they were mislabeled and disappeared in the chaos and discord of the time period. Or they could be decaying in an attic somewhere, long forgotten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a grainy, multi-generation cassette of the show has ever surfaced, but it captures the raw power of the band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828149\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 582px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/The_Lumpen_DC_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"582\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/The_Lumpen_DC_2.jpg 582w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/The_Lumpen_DC_2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lumpen’s mission was to spread the seed of social revolution. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of It's About Time Black Panther Party Legacy & Alumni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As 1971 arrives, the Panther Party leadership is in chaos. Bobby Seale is still in prison in New Haven. Eldridge Cleaver, the Minister of Information, has fled to Algeria to escape an attempted murder charge on an Oakland cop. The FBI is working to weaken and target the party through a secret \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/black-panthers#section_4\">counterintelligence program.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The party is factionalizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Huey’s come back out with some different ideas about how things should go,” Torrence says. “In some cases you got Panther against Panther, whether you with Eldridge division or National Headquarters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Eldridge is strongly promoting violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right,” Torrence says, but “Huey and Bobby were moving toward a survival program. Even we had to change because all of our original songs was about picking up the gun. There was some other things going on internally, in terms of some of the things being done by Huey that I didn’t agree with, I didn’t join for. And it wasn’t about the police. That was the thing that was bad about it. I was never scared about the police. It’s a bad thing when you get more concerned about the people that you work with than you do with the cops.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the atmosphere within the Party becomes more desperate, interest in the group from those in power dwindles to nothing. The Lumpen members are reassigned. They’re taken off R&B duty and put on security detail. Their days as a group are numbered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, it wasn’t justified,” says Emory Douglas of the group’s demise. “It could have been worked out, but you know we had people who wanted to exercise their position, as far as being in charge. All those things played into it, petty spitefulness. All that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Torrence said earlier, if the day came when the singing had to stop, fine. That day finally came.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Michael Torrence, former member of the Lumpen\"]‘We never did it to get famous, we never did it to get rich. We did it because we really wanted to do something for our people, and make a change.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We never thought of ourselves as anything other than Panthers. And the Lumpen was a cadre, a unit for a cultural purpose. We loved it, we enjoyed it, but in the big picture, it’s just another assignment. And so when the situation and circumstances change, then you move on to the next assignment. And we didn’t really have time to mourn about it. Because that’s exactly what happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On May 23, 1971, in Sacramento, the Lumpen play their last gig. A few days later, Bill Calhoun decides to leave the party. He was the group’s songwriter. So only 11 months after it began, the band is done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Panther Party is still Michael Torrence’s life. It’s all he’s known since he was a teenager. Which brings us back to that night in 1973 at the bar in West Oakland: The night Torrence talked to Bobby Seale and asked for some time off from the Panthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So anyway, I go to Bobby at his birthday party at the Lamp Post and I said, ‘Well, Chairman, I have a daughter. She needs some support. Plus, I’m having these little anxiety attacks that’s affecting my work, it’s affecting my effectiveness. I don’t wanna quit, I don’t wanna leave, but I need some time. Get myself back together, and then I’m coming back. I’m coming back.’ And Bobby was real cool with me on it, you know. And I’m crying. I’m shedding tears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence is leaving the bar when Huey Newton calls him back upstairs. He says the Party will contribute $50 a month for to support Torrence’s daughter. Then Newton puts a gun to Torrence’s head and says this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“’Okay then,’” Torrence recalls. “’We send fifty dollars, but you say: All power to the people.’ All power to the people. So I stuck around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And about six months later, one of the guys from Chicago comes by, says, ‘You still wanna go? Cause we can’t afford to pay for your kid no more. So you can go, you can leave now.’ OK. Well, all right then. Power to the people now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s it. Michael Torrence is out of the Black Panthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"black-panthers\" label=\"Related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it was traumatic,” he says. “What was traumatic for me was leaving. What was traumatic was what it had become.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did he feel betrayed?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes! Absolutely. Betrayed, angry, bitter, frustrated. Yes. It took me a while to get back to what they call livin’ in the world. ‘Cause the Party was my world. You ask me what I was, I was a Panther. That’s what I was and who I was. And then to lose that … and try and adjust to out being here, and get a job. What am I gonna put on my resume? Where you been the last five years?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Torrence did have something on his resume that worked outside of the revolution: The Lumpen. It got him a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence wound up singing behind Marvin Gaye, and he appeared on the singer’s 1974 album, “Marvin Gaye Live!” It was recorded just a few miles away from where the Lumpen recorded their own live album just four years earlier, in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence went on to write, produce and sing for other artists for the rest of the 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though he parted ways with the Panthers almost 50 years ago, it’s still part of him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as the Black Panther Party’s concerned, I don’t regret anything,” he says. “I was with people, [and] these things last a lifetime … and I wouldn’t take that back for anything. Did we make some mistakes? Yeah. But at the time, for what it was, it was right on time. I was just glad to be a part of it. Like I said, we never did it to get famous, we never did it to get rich. We did it because we really wanted to do something for our people, and make a change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Fifty years ago, an unlikely R&B group evolved out of the Oakland chapter of the Black Panther Party. The Lumpen weren’t out to make hit records, they were out to change American culture.",
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"title": "A Trojan Horse of Funk and Soul: The Story of the Black Panthers House Band | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fifty years ago, an unlikely musical group evolved out of the Oakland chapter of the Black Panther Party. They were called the Lumpen. And although they quickly gained a following for their air-tight funk and striking lyrics, they were always meant to be much more than mere entertainment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where other bands of their era were content to coast on good vibes, the Lumpen\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>were out to preach a message of revolution in places where that message wasn’t always wanted. They were a musical cadre whose mission was to spread the seed of social revolution, armed with funk, attitude and matching outfits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1973, Michael Torrence is a 22-year-old Black Panther. He’s dedicated himself to the cause and obeyed every command. He’s a true soldier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were definitely as hardcore as anybody cause we dropped everything to come,” says Torrence. “We didn’t join to sing. We joined to be revolutionaries. We joined to make the revolution. We joined … to be Panthers!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But five years of complete devotion to the Panthers has taken a toll. Now, Torrence is desperate to focus on his personal life, just for a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to do this, he needs to get permission and it’s got to come from the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11730261\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11730261\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-800x475.jpg\" alt=\"When the Black Panthers needed a funk band to help galvanize the masses, the Lumpen didn't miss a beat.\" width=\"800\" height=\"475\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-800x475.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-160x95.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-1020x605.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin-1200x712.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/lumpen_hangin.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When the Black Panthers needed a funk band to help galvanize the masses, the Lumpen didn’t miss a beat. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of It's About Time Black Panther Party Legacy & Alumni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Torrence shows up at the Lamp Post — it’s a bar in West Oakland — where Panther leader Bobby Seale is having a birthday party. The two men huddle in a corner and talk for a while, but it’s all good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seale gives Torrence his blessing for some leave time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence is relieved. But as he’s making his way out of the bar, someone tells him that Huey Newton wants to see him. And he wants to see him now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton is Seale’s comrade and co-founder of the Panthers. For years, Newton has been a strong and charismatic leader. But recently his moods have been unstable. Tonight, for whatever reason, he’s agitated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence is ushered into a chair in a back room. And there, flanked by a couple enforcers, is Newton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And he says, ‘Comrade, I hear you want to leave us. Well, do you want to leave bad enough to die? Do you really want to leave bad enough to die?’ I don’t understand the question,” Torrence says. “And [Newton’s enforcer] June takes a gun and puts it to my head. ‘Oh no, comrade, I don’t want to die.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He say, ‘Okay. So this is what’s going to happen, you say…’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence starts to object. Newton isn’t having it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Would you tell this brother not to talk when I’m talking?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence gets a swift kick in the mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton begins again, “Okay then. So. You say, all power to the people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All power to the people,” mumbles Torrence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Torrence has just been persuaded to rethink his request for some time off — a pistol to the head is hard to argue with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828362\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828362\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43861_Michael-Torrence-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former Black Panther and Lumpen member Michael Torrence. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>People Get Ready\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By 1973, Torrence’s years with the Panthers have been a rollercoaster life of extremes. Many times he’s picked up a gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he’s also picked up a microphone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Torrence did not join the Panthers to sing, the movement’s Minister of Culture gave him and three other young soldiers a special assignment for the cause. It was an R&B group called the Lumpen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it all began in 1970, the Lumpen’s music was explosive. The band was powerful, and so was the message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen worked nonstop for the cause, killing it wherever they performed: San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia and the Midwest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it only lasted 11 months. Then things in the Black Panther Party began to implode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the story of the rise and fall of an unlikely R&B group born out of social upheaval. The Lumpen weren’t out to make hit records, they were out to change American culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a journey unlike that of any other band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Michael Torrence was at the center of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Rise of the Panthers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 1966, Huey Newton and Bobby Seale co-found the Black Panther Party. They’re both students at Merritt Community College in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within a few years, the Party offers educational programs, food service, free medical care and drug rehab to the Black community. And the Panthers are leading the fight against rampant police brutality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of the ‘60s, change is in the air, and the Bay Area is ground zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[In] San Francisco at that time, we were in the Fillmore District,” Torrence says. “It was very high-tension. Police were riding, you know, four or five deep. If you were out selling your papers they would come and harass you, snatch your papers, maybe arrest you, threaten you. But at the same time there was a lot of energy. That’s the best thing about it. You could really feel the energy, particularly among younger people, that we felt we could really make a change. Not only could we make a change, we were going to make a change. There was this commitment to die if necessary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those papers are the weekly bible of party information, a publication called The Black Panther. And the Howard Quinn Printing Company on Alabama Street is where the Lumpen story begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828364\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828364\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43863_James-Mott-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lumpen singer and former Black Panther James Mott, aka Saturu Ned. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Former Lumpen singer James Mott, now known as Saturu Ned, takes up the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wednesday night was distribution night, where we would get out the paper. Everybody would come,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s in 1970: He’s newly arrived from the Sacramento Panther chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the future members of the Lumpen are in attendance that Wednesday night: Torrence, Mott — now Saturu, William Calhoun and Clark “Santa Rita” Bailey. They all have musical backgrounds ranging from church choirs to professional-level experience, but when they meet, they’re just loyal young soldiers taking orders along with everybody else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a community gathering in Fillmore,” Saturu says. “At that time, Fillmore is not like it is now, changed, and the gentrification. It was … Fillmore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And on those distribution nights when various chapters would all come together from the Bay Area to get the paper out, we would sing,” Torrence says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we would sing, at that point, just doo-wop songs,” Saturu recalls. “So one night I went over there and the three of us sang and I joined in. And we started harmonizing. We just blended in so cool!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘If this is how we can be helpful, if this is how we can be useful, if this will advance the cause, this is what we’ll do.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then what we began to do was, we’d just put other words to the popular songs. Because we would be singing what we called revolutionary songs to encourage us in the struggle. In terms of the Lumpen, it kinda grew out of that. Just us singing together. Part of, I guess, the tradition of just singin’ while you work,” Torrence says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a typical Wednesday. The four Panthers are at the print shop, stacking and racking and harmonizing into the night. But this time, there’s someone listening: Emory Douglas, the party’s Minister of Culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So after I got back to Central [headquarters], Emory comes in and says, ‘Hey brother, comrade James, you know, everybody relates to music.’ I say, ‘Yeah Emory, they do.’ He says, ‘You guys sound good. We could create a group and the group could be part of the Ministry of Culture, where we could be able to get that message out in the music.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emory Douglas is the brilliant style guru and visual artist whose iconic posters and flyers helped brand the movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just would make suggestions,” Douglas says. “Possibly adding some social justice context to the lyrics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Bobby Seale and Huey Newton are both behind bars. So Douglas approaches Panthers Chief of Staff David Hilliard. He understands the value of spreading the word through music, and he greenlights the project. He also gives the group a name: The Lumpen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a play on Karl Marx’s idea of the lumpenproletariat: the lower class that would rise up to crush the capitalist power structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828363\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828363\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43862_Billy-Jennings-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former Black Panther Billy X Jennings, friend of the Lumpen members, and fan of the band. \u003ccite>(Peter Gilstrap/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“At the time the party was coming about, political education, political awareness, was growing tremendously,” says Billy X Jennings. He’s a former Panther and the party’s long time historian. He was tight with the Lumpen members fifty years ago, and still is to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In 1968, James Brown put out a song that really changed everything, because Black people, prior to that time, referred to themselves as Negro,” Jennings continues. “James Brown came out and said, ‘We’re Black and we’re proud.’ And once that record come out, you could never go back and say you’re a Negro. You could never go back! James Brown couldn’t have did that in ‘68 if there wasn’t a group like the Black Panther Party that had set up a foundation of knowledge already.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Emory was recognizing the role of music historically in Black people’s struggle and part of our culture period,” Torrence says. “He began to say, we can do something with this! You guys sound decent together anyway, because we just clicked like that. And so he encouraged us to put something together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever rehearsal we would do, we would have to do after whatever other assignments or duties we had,” Torrence continues. “So we had to go sell the papers, we had to do the breakfast program, we’d have to do the garbage run, we’d have to do security. We’d have to do whatever it is that any other Panther would do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the Panthers’ perspective, The Lumpen was not about show business. It was about contributing to the revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Singing for us was just political work,” Torrence clarifies. “And if they said the next day, ‘Okay, that’s it,’ fine. Cause we didn’t join for that. If I was really about that, I could have been trying to do it out there in the world. I could have been out there trying to get paid. We never got paid, it was just, if this is how we can be helpful, if this is how we can be useful, if this will advance the cause, this is what we’ll do. But it was always, we follow orders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now, only a few months since they were harmonizing to the oldies at the printing plant, their orders are to get onstage and get to work: Educate the people, spread the word and earn money for the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen assemble a six-piece interracial backing band from local players sympathetic to the cause. They’re called the Freedom Messengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the summer of 1970, the group is performing at rallies, community gatherings and Panther events around the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re good. They’re tight. It’s a professional show on par with almost any act. They’ve got the energy of James Brown, and the dance moves and harmonies of the Temptations. But the lyrics are all about what the Panthers are all about.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/G2llXaUMMqc'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/G2llXaUMMqc'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Bobby Seale has just been arrested in New Haven. The first and only single the group makes is “Free Bobby Now.” It’s written by Bill Calhoun, recorded at Tiki Studios in San Jose in August of 1970. Calhoun’s song “No More” is on the flip side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The record is released on the Panthers’ own Seize the Time label, with credit to Black Panther Party Productions. It’s promoted in the Party newspaper, and sold at live shows and Panther events. Any profits are funneled back into the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen take the single around to Bay Area radio stations, but the lyrics are considered too provocative for airplay. But no one questions the quality of what they’re hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They took the craft seriously,” says Rickey Vincent. He’s the author of “Party Time: The Inside Story of the Black Panthers’ Band” and “How Black Power Transformed Soul Music”. It’s a subject he knows well. His mother was an early Panther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they did ‘People Get Ready’ by Curtis Mayfield and The Impressions, they hit those notes that you had to hit that show respect for those aspirations that were in that song in 1964-65. The Lumpen flipped the lyrics, obviously. Instead of saying ‘People get ready there’s a train a’comin’,’ they said, ‘People get ready, the revolution’s comin’, you don’t need a ticket, you need a loaded gun.’ And it was like, wait a minute, that’s soul music the way it’s supposed to be sung, but those are not lyrics the way we’ve heard them before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828372\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828372\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-800x1100.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1100\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-800x1100.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-1020x1402.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-160x220.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit-1117x1536.jpg 1117w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_seize_the_time_benefit.jpg 1276w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lumpen performed a benefit show in Oakland on Oct. 11, 1970. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of It's About Time Black Panther Party Legacy & Alumni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen start headlining shows. They’re gigging weekly, doing benefits and playing college campuses up and down the West Coast. And when they’re not headlining, they’re on bills with the Grateful Dead, Carla Thomas and Curtis Mayfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And not only is the music on fire, but the live show takes choreography to a whole ‘nother level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once we hit the stage, [it was] nonstop,” Torrence says. “Even mixed in a dance routine where we would act out brothers on the block playing dice, and James Mott would be a cop. He’d come and harass one and he’d be beating this brother up, and he’d be beating him with a club and I’m watching it, and then I’d finally get disgusted and I’d jump on the cop and Clark and I together, we’d beat the cop down. So it wasn’t just the singing, it was the choreography. The whole experience was something they hadn’t seen before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the winter of 1970, the band hits the road for a tour of the Midwest and East Coast. The crowds are enthusiastic. But tensions are running high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Levinson is the Freedom Messengers’ 19-year-old sax player. After a show at the University of Minnesota, a snowstorm is kicking in. The band is packing up their gear when they’re approached by members of the Black Student Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll never forget this,” Levinson says. “They invited the Black members of the band to stay with them, but they didn’t want the white members of the band, of which there were two of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These guys from the student group come out and they look like a military junta,” says Saturu Ned. “[They] got on the black berets and the black boots. I’m like, ‘What are you guys doing?’ ‘Oh, uh, who are those white guys?’ ‘Excuse me? They’re a part of the Lumpen band.’ ‘Well, they can’t stay!’ We told ’em, ‘Look you motherfuckers, we’re not staying if they’re not staying.’ I said, ‘This is a people’s revolution and these are our brothers that we stand behind.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levinson is still close with Saturu and the other former band members. “That’s just a small example of the kind of camaraderie and unity we felt. There never was any racism promoted for or practiced by the Black Panther Party at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828371\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828371\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-800x1092.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1092\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-800x1092.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-1020x1393.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-160x218.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4-1125x1536.jpg 1125w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Lumpen_4.jpg 1294w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lumpen performed at Stanford University on Feb. 17, 1971. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of It's About Time Black Panther Party Legacy & Alumni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Lumpen are also in the crosshairs of the cops wherever they go. Late one night after a college show in New Jersey, the police follow the band down an empty road heading out of town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They made us get out the car,” Saturu says. “They knew who we were and it was pitch dark where they pulled us over. We were like, this is it. They gonna kill us. There was a general rule back then, go to a lighted area. What they did was, one car got in front of us, slowed down. The other one got right behind us. And they waited for that real dark area to pull us over — this is part of the intimidation, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were four of’em. They was grinnin’. ‘Sing for us!’ So we started singing—what was that song? ‘As we stroll along together…’ They would harass us to let us know, we watching you. We know who you are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Lumpen are battling another force besides the authorities. And it’s coming from within the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were people in the party, some in leadership, some in the rank and file that said, ‘Yeah, these guys [in the Lumpen] think they’re something special,'” Torrence says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it wasn’t for Emory, I don’t think the Lumpen would have came about because Emory is the one who had the juice,” Billy X Jennings emphasizes. “And there was people that wasn’t into the Lumpen. They didn’t think revolutionaries should be doing that kind of thing. But they were older people too, there weren’t R&B people, they were blues people, and during that time there was a difference. Most of the leadership was southern guys. Southern guys like blues. We are young guys, we like R&B. So that’s why [the Lumpen] never really got any more higher than they were because they were always related to as Panthers first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that didn’t stop them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On Fire in Oakland\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s Nov. 10, 1970, at Merritt College in Oakland. It’s the alma mater of Huey Newton and Bobby Seale. The birthplace of the Black Panther Party. Tonight, to a packed auditorium, the Lumpen will get the message out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bear in mind: this group has been together for less than a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While almost everybody else in the San Francisco music scene has been getting high and jamming, the Lumpen have been working as full time revolutionaries, pursued by the police and the FBI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they still find time to get this group together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘It was one of the best shows in my life because the audience was electrified. … We were thinking about the same thing — revolution.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And tonight is special. The show is being recorded for a live album, and the group pulls out all the stops. Billy X Jennings is there with his fist in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of the best shows in my life because the audience was electrified. Once the Lumpen came on and the band start playing, you would hear them repeat something to the crowd and the crowd would throw it back. Like when they say, ‘All power to the people,’ the crowd would say, ‘All power to the people!’ with a force! And when they’d say, ‘Death to the Fascist pigs,’ they’d say, ‘Death to fascist pigs!’ If you just listen to the people’s feedback alone, you could get high on that. They were killin’ me boy! And even to this day when I hear that, it gives me that revolutionary enthusiasm cause everybody was on the one that night. We were thinking about the same thing — revolution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The show was an undeniable success… but no album ever appeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The master tapes made that night went missing, and have never been found. Some have suggested that they were confiscated by the FBI. It’s also possible that they were mislabeled and disappeared in the chaos and discord of the time period. Or they could be decaying in an attic somewhere, long forgotten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a grainy, multi-generation cassette of the show has ever surfaced, but it captures the raw power of the band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828149\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 582px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/The_Lumpen_DC_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"582\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/The_Lumpen_DC_2.jpg 582w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/The_Lumpen_DC_2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lumpen’s mission was to spread the seed of social revolution. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of It's About Time Black Panther Party Legacy & Alumni)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As 1971 arrives, the Panther Party leadership is in chaos. Bobby Seale is still in prison in New Haven. Eldridge Cleaver, the Minister of Information, has fled to Algeria to escape an attempted murder charge on an Oakland cop. The FBI is working to weaken and target the party through a secret \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/black-panthers#section_4\">counterintelligence program.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The party is factionalizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Huey’s come back out with some different ideas about how things should go,” Torrence says. “In some cases you got Panther against Panther, whether you with Eldridge division or National Headquarters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, Eldridge is strongly promoting violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right,” Torrence says, but “Huey and Bobby were moving toward a survival program. Even we had to change because all of our original songs was about picking up the gun. There was some other things going on internally, in terms of some of the things being done by Huey that I didn’t agree with, I didn’t join for. And it wasn’t about the police. That was the thing that was bad about it. I was never scared about the police. It’s a bad thing when you get more concerned about the people that you work with than you do with the cops.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the atmosphere within the Party becomes more desperate, interest in the group from those in power dwindles to nothing. The Lumpen members are reassigned. They’re taken off R&B duty and put on security detail. Their days as a group are numbered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, it wasn’t justified,” says Emory Douglas of the group’s demise. “It could have been worked out, but you know we had people who wanted to exercise their position, as far as being in charge. All those things played into it, petty spitefulness. All that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Torrence said earlier, if the day came when the singing had to stop, fine. That day finally came.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We never did it to get famous, we never did it to get rich. We did it because we really wanted to do something for our people, and make a change.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We never thought of ourselves as anything other than Panthers. And the Lumpen was a cadre, a unit for a cultural purpose. We loved it, we enjoyed it, but in the big picture, it’s just another assignment. And so when the situation and circumstances change, then you move on to the next assignment. And we didn’t really have time to mourn about it. Because that’s exactly what happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On May 23, 1971, in Sacramento, the Lumpen play their last gig. A few days later, Bill Calhoun decides to leave the party. He was the group’s songwriter. So only 11 months after it began, the band is done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Panther Party is still Michael Torrence’s life. It’s all he’s known since he was a teenager. Which brings us back to that night in 1973 at the bar in West Oakland: The night Torrence talked to Bobby Seale and asked for some time off from the Panthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So anyway, I go to Bobby at his birthday party at the Lamp Post and I said, ‘Well, Chairman, I have a daughter. She needs some support. Plus, I’m having these little anxiety attacks that’s affecting my work, it’s affecting my effectiveness. I don’t wanna quit, I don’t wanna leave, but I need some time. Get myself back together, and then I’m coming back. I’m coming back.’ And Bobby was real cool with me on it, you know. And I’m crying. I’m shedding tears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence is leaving the bar when Huey Newton calls him back upstairs. He says the Party will contribute $50 a month for to support Torrence’s daughter. Then Newton puts a gun to Torrence’s head and says this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“’Okay then,’” Torrence recalls. “’We send fifty dollars, but you say: All power to the people.’ All power to the people. So I stuck around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And about six months later, one of the guys from Chicago comes by, says, ‘You still wanna go? Cause we can’t afford to pay for your kid no more. So you can go, you can leave now.’ OK. Well, all right then. Power to the people now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s it. Michael Torrence is out of the Black Panthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it was traumatic,” he says. “What was traumatic for me was leaving. What was traumatic was what it had become.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did he feel betrayed?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes! Absolutely. Betrayed, angry, bitter, frustrated. Yes. It took me a while to get back to what they call livin’ in the world. ‘Cause the Party was my world. You ask me what I was, I was a Panther. That’s what I was and who I was. And then to lose that … and try and adjust to out being here, and get a job. What am I gonna put on my resume? Where you been the last five years?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Torrence did have something on his resume that worked outside of the revolution: The Lumpen. It got him a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence wound up singing behind Marvin Gaye, and he appeared on the singer’s 1974 album, “Marvin Gaye Live!” It was recorded just a few miles away from where the Lumpen recorded their own live album just four years earlier, in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torrence went on to write, produce and sing for other artists for the rest of the 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though he parted ways with the Panthers almost 50 years ago, it’s still part of him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as the Black Panther Party’s concerned, I don’t regret anything,” he says. “I was with people, [and] these things last a lifetime … and I wouldn’t take that back for anything. Did we make some mistakes? Yeah. But at the time, for what it was, it was right on time. I was just glad to be a part of it. Like I said, we never did it to get famous, we never did it to get rich. We did it because we really wanted to do something for our people, and make a change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Area band The Lumpen only recorded two songs in the 1970s, but the group’s music had a lasting impact on funk. Thanks in part to its loyalty to its parent organization: The Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read Eric Arnold’s full article on The Lumpen\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13851531/a-brief-history-of-the-lumpen-the-black-panthers-revolutionary-funk-band\"> here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Q’ed Up is hosted and produced by Ryan Levi. This episode was edited by Queena Kim. Follow Ryan on Twitter at @ryan_levi. Send us a note at qedup@kqed.org. Find more Q’ed Up at kqed.org/qedup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Area band The Lumpen only recorded two songs in the 1970s, but the group’s music had a lasting impact on funk. Thanks in part to its loyalty to its parent organization: The Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read Eric Arnold’s full article on The Lumpen\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13851531/a-brief-history-of-the-lumpen-the-black-panthers-revolutionary-funk-band\"> here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Q’ed Up is hosted and produced by Ryan Levi. This episode was edited by Queena Kim. Follow Ryan on Twitter at @ryan_levi. Send us a note at qedup@kqed.org. Find more Q’ed Up at kqed.org/qedup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Oakland's Two Black Panthers: The Movie and the Movement",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the opening night of the much anticipated \"Black Panther\" movie, director Ryan Coogler made a special appearance at Oakland's Grand Lake Theatre, talking to fans before the screening. Coogler was born in Oakland, and the film actually begins in his hometown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland is also the birthplace of a different panther, the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1966, two black men, Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, founded the revolutionary movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a few months earlier two white men, Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, had introduced a black superhero into the Marvel Comics canon with the same name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the middle of the civil rights movement, a ramping up of the civil rights movement, and they created a character called Black Panther” said Shawn Taylor, a co-founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://sfmlkday.org/bcafcon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Black Comix Arts Festival\u003c/a> and the website \u003ca href=\"https://thenerdsofcolor.org/\">The Nerds of Color\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that character has his own movie, a movie made by, about, and as Taylor sees it, \u003ca href=\"https://verysmartbrothas.theroot.com/are-you-black-enough-to-watch-black-panther-a-quiz-1822935444\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>for\u003c/em> black people\u003c/a>. “There’s cultural blackness in this film, that some people may not get,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are so many, my friend calls them blackisms, that if you aren't black you just may not get,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that is just fine with him, he said, \"because if people want to watch 'Friends' and 'Seinfeld' that have nothing to do with me, I am OK with 'Black Panther' having nothing to do with a lot of other people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"j7bUBLN9Y6lkOUxKTfzw0C2xRr9mlXSN\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is one reason this movie is much more than a movie.\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/12/magazine/why-black-panther-is-a-defining-moment-for-black-america.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> It is a cultural event\u003c/a>. “This is a moment, like African medallions in hip-hop, that’s connecting us to a larger mythology,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, the anticipation is palpable. Coogler's ties to Oakland have informed his work. His breakthrough first movie, \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/12/movies/fruitvale-station-is-based-on-the-story-of-oscar-grant-iii.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fruitvale Station\u003c/a>,\" was about the last day in the life of Oscar Grant, a young unarmed black man from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/09/us/09verdict.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oakland who was killed by a BART police officer in 2009\u003c/a>. Grant lay restrained and face down on a crowded BART platform when he was shot in the back. That was before Trayvon Martin, before Michael Brown, before Black Lives Matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shawn Taylor said it was serendipity that Black Panther was the name given to both a black Marvel superhero and a movement for black liberation in the same year. It was not a connection that Marvel wanted, Taylor said. They even tried to change the name “because they didn’t want to be associated with the Black Panther Party.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/peterhartlaub/status/964390926071181314\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the options tried out included Black Jaguar and Coal Tiger, and even dropping the “black” from Black Panther. But none of it worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor says it was just too cool of a name. “I mean, ideas are bigger than us,\" Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea of the Black Panther grew over time. In comic books and graphic novels a character is not just created by its originator. The universe is explored and populated by other writers. The Black Panther comic, and the Black Panther universe, was written over decades, by \u003ca href=\"http://www.vulture.com/2018/02/5-black-panther-comics-to-read-before-you-see-the-movie.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">generations of comic book writers\u003c/a> such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.vulture.com/2018/01/christopher-priest-made-black-panther-cool-then-disappeared.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Christopher Priest\u003c/a>, and more recently by \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/notes/2016/06/wakanda-and-the-black-aesthetic/489290/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ta-Nehisi Coates\u003c/a> and Roxane Gay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These writers expanded on the mythic world that T'Challa -- the Black Panther -- came from and protected, the imagined African country of Wakanda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a country in Africa that has never been conquered by any European powers or anyone else,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wakanda, Taylor said, “is the most technologically advanced country in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11650622\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 503px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11650622\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"503\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton.jpg 503w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton-160x200.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton-240x301.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton-375x470.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black Panther Party founders Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wakanda is not post-colonial or pre-colonial. It exists in a timeline where colonization \u003cem>never\u003c/em> happened. It is an African country in which people were never raped, murdered and kidnapped, never stacked on top of each other on ships that took them to death and slavery and struggle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colonization not only shapes the stories of black Americans, but also the narratives of African countries -- countries where colonizers staged proxy wars and propped up dictatorships so they could continue to harvest rich natural resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the world of Wakanda black people are free to create, to innovate, to determine their own destiny. In that imagined space, they create technology beyond our wildest dreams. The metal that makes Captain America’s shield, vibranium, comes from Wakanda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Marvel universe, Captain America represents America’s greatness. It seems fitting that his primary weapon, his shield, comes from the natural resources of an (imagined) African country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is a pretty apt metaphor for colonial power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Wakanda, the comics created a place where black people rule themselves. Historically, self-rule is a radical concept for people of color in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which brings us back to the Black Panther Party, because self-rule is a concept for which they advocated and fought. That fight started in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is archival tape of Huey Newton, when he was leader of the Black Panther Party, just after he was arrested, talking to the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the police were to withdraw from the community,” Newton said, “and the black community control its own police institution as well as all the other institutions within our community -- we feel that law and order would exist.” Peace too, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What he was asking for was a Wakanda, a space in which black people can rule themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Imagination Is Revolutionary \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This idea of black heroes, this idea of a black liberation army, an army of warriors ready to fight, this is both literal and figurative,” Malkia Cyril said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/19/lessons-from-growing-up-as-a-black-panther-cub/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cyril grew up in the Black Panther Party\u003c/a>. “I am the daughter of a Black Panther, a \u003cem>real\u003c/em> Black Panther.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cyril is also the founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://centerformediajustice.org/\">Center for Media Justice\u003c/a>, so Cyril knows just how much representation matters, and not just representation, but empowered representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the heart of Afrofuturism,” Cyril said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quick history lesson: \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2015/dec/07/afrofuturism-black-identity-future-science-technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Afrofuturism\u003c/a> was coined in 1993 by the journalist Mark Dery -- a white guy -- to define the artistic movement where images of ancient Africa intersect with the future and the fantastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s also digging into the past, bringing it forward, imaging the impossible,” Cyril said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afrofuturism was, in part, born out of a question, said Shawn Taylor: Why weren’t more African-Americans represented in science fiction?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black existence in America is science fiction,” Taylor said. “Aliens came to your land, abducted you, stole your god, stole your music, stole your language, and dropped you off into an alien land with new flora, new fauna -- new everything. So black experience is science fiction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Black existence in America is science fiction. Aliens came to your land, abducted you, stole your god, stole your music, stole your language, and dropped you off into an alien land with new flora, new fauna -- new everything. So black experience is science fiction.'\u003ccite>Shawn Taylor,\u003cbr>\nco-founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://sfmlkday.org/bcafcon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Black Comix Arts Festival\u003c/a> and the website \u003ca href=\"https://thenerdsofcolor.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nerds of Color\u003c/a>.\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>If the real world is already sci-fi, why not use science fiction and fantasy to imagine a better one, Taylor asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor believes the power of creations like Black Panther lies in their ability to imagine transcending the chains of the past, to fill in the holes of history, and to see the future through a black lens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So what I think we can do as a revolutionary tool, as a resistance tool, is look at these narratives that Ryan Coogler and his team did, but then ask what do we create new from there,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is another term Taylor uses: ethno-speculation. The idea is to conjure and interrogate the world purely from one's own perspective. Historically, most mainstream movies about the African-American experience, he said, are about slavery and trauma, about the wounds of the past. There is a power in imagining yourself outside of that, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to see what an Arab-American story is without white supremacy involved, without having to be labeled a terrorist. I want to see that story,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to see a woman’s story not having to contend with misogyny,\" Taylor said. \"I want to see a queer story not having to contend with homophobia, when you do these kind of cultural speculations, you get such beautiful and rich stories without always having to have double consciousness involved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor said the power to speculate about a world without white supremacy makes that world, that self, feel possible. And that creates not a retreat, but a way forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor admits that people still have to contend with reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the technologically superior Wakanda, “technology elevates everybody,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor knows that does not carry over to the world we live in. “Oakland is kind of like the anti-Wakanda,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is because technology here is fueling gentrification and the displacement of Oakland’s historic black population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is one reason activist Malkia Cyril said seeing the film is not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At screenings, Cyril will also be talking, engaging in conversations. Cyril will be telling people about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.colorlines.com/articles/16-black-panthers-still-behind-bars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Black Panther Party members still behind bars\u003c/a>. Cyril said they were unfairly accused and convicted, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/hueypnewton/actions/actions_cointelpro.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">targets of the FBI's COINTELPRO\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cyril will also be talking about the FBI’s newest target, so-called \u003ca href=\"http://foreignpolicy.com/2017/10/06/the-fbi-has-identified-a-new-domestic-terrorist-threat-and-its-black-identity-extremists/\">Black Identity Extremists\u003c/a>. Cyril said that is a barely disguised code for \u003ca href=\"https://blacklivesmatter.com/about/\">Black Lives Matter\u003c/a> activists, of which Cyril is one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ryan Coogler’s job was to make this amazing film -- and he did that. He did his job. Now it’s time for us to be on our job,” Cyril said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the middle of the civil rights movement, a ramping up of the civil rights movement, and they created a character called Black Panther” said Shawn Taylor, a co-founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://sfmlkday.org/bcafcon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Black Comix Arts Festival\u003c/a> and the website \u003ca href=\"https://thenerdsofcolor.org/\">The Nerds of Color\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that character has his own movie, a movie made by, about, and as Taylor sees it, \u003ca href=\"https://verysmartbrothas.theroot.com/are-you-black-enough-to-watch-black-panther-a-quiz-1822935444\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>for\u003c/em> black people\u003c/a>. “There’s cultural blackness in this film, that some people may not get,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are so many, my friend calls them blackisms, that if you aren't black you just may not get,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that is just fine with him, he said, \"because if people want to watch 'Friends' and 'Seinfeld' that have nothing to do with me, I am OK with 'Black Panther' having nothing to do with a lot of other people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is one reason this movie is much more than a movie.\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/12/magazine/why-black-panther-is-a-defining-moment-for-black-america.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> It is a cultural event\u003c/a>. “This is a moment, like African medallions in hip-hop, that’s connecting us to a larger mythology,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, the anticipation is palpable. Coogler's ties to Oakland have informed his work. His breakthrough first movie, \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/12/movies/fruitvale-station-is-based-on-the-story-of-oscar-grant-iii.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fruitvale Station\u003c/a>,\" was about the last day in the life of Oscar Grant, a young unarmed black man from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/09/us/09verdict.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oakland who was killed by a BART police officer in 2009\u003c/a>. Grant lay restrained and face down on a crowded BART platform when he was shot in the back. That was before Trayvon Martin, before Michael Brown, before Black Lives Matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shawn Taylor said it was serendipity that Black Panther was the name given to both a black Marvel superhero and a movement for black liberation in the same year. It was not a connection that Marvel wanted, Taylor said. They even tried to change the name “because they didn’t want to be associated with the Black Panther Party.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Some of the options tried out included Black Jaguar and Coal Tiger, and even dropping the “black” from Black Panther. But none of it worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor says it was just too cool of a name. “I mean, ideas are bigger than us,\" Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea of the Black Panther grew over time. In comic books and graphic novels a character is not just created by its originator. The universe is explored and populated by other writers. The Black Panther comic, and the Black Panther universe, was written over decades, by \u003ca href=\"http://www.vulture.com/2018/02/5-black-panther-comics-to-read-before-you-see-the-movie.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">generations of comic book writers\u003c/a> such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.vulture.com/2018/01/christopher-priest-made-black-panther-cool-then-disappeared.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Christopher Priest\u003c/a>, and more recently by \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/notes/2016/06/wakanda-and-the-black-aesthetic/489290/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ta-Nehisi Coates\u003c/a> and Roxane Gay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These writers expanded on the mythic world that T'Challa -- the Black Panther -- came from and protected, the imagined African country of Wakanda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a country in Africa that has never been conquered by any European powers or anyone else,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wakanda, Taylor said, “is the most technologically advanced country in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11650622\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 503px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11650622\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"503\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton.jpg 503w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton-160x200.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton-240x301.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/seale-newton-375x470.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black Panther Party founders Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wakanda is not post-colonial or pre-colonial. It exists in a timeline where colonization \u003cem>never\u003c/em> happened. It is an African country in which people were never raped, murdered and kidnapped, never stacked on top of each other on ships that took them to death and slavery and struggle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colonization not only shapes the stories of black Americans, but also the narratives of African countries -- countries where colonizers staged proxy wars and propped up dictatorships so they could continue to harvest rich natural resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the world of Wakanda black people are free to create, to innovate, to determine their own destiny. In that imagined space, they create technology beyond our wildest dreams. The metal that makes Captain America’s shield, vibranium, comes from Wakanda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Marvel universe, Captain America represents America’s greatness. It seems fitting that his primary weapon, his shield, comes from the natural resources of an (imagined) African country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is a pretty apt metaphor for colonial power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Wakanda, the comics created a place where black people rule themselves. Historically, self-rule is a radical concept for people of color in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which brings us back to the Black Panther Party, because self-rule is a concept for which they advocated and fought. That fight started in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is archival tape of Huey Newton, when he was leader of the Black Panther Party, just after he was arrested, talking to the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the police were to withdraw from the community,” Newton said, “and the black community control its own police institution as well as all the other institutions within our community -- we feel that law and order would exist.” Peace too, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What he was asking for was a Wakanda, a space in which black people can rule themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Imagination Is Revolutionary \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This idea of black heroes, this idea of a black liberation army, an army of warriors ready to fight, this is both literal and figurative,” Malkia Cyril said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/19/lessons-from-growing-up-as-a-black-panther-cub/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cyril grew up in the Black Panther Party\u003c/a>. “I am the daughter of a Black Panther, a \u003cem>real\u003c/em> Black Panther.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cyril is also the founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://centerformediajustice.org/\">Center for Media Justice\u003c/a>, so Cyril knows just how much representation matters, and not just representation, but empowered representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the heart of Afrofuturism,” Cyril said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quick history lesson: \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2015/dec/07/afrofuturism-black-identity-future-science-technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Afrofuturism\u003c/a> was coined in 1993 by the journalist Mark Dery -- a white guy -- to define the artistic movement where images of ancient Africa intersect with the future and the fantastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s also digging into the past, bringing it forward, imaging the impossible,” Cyril said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afrofuturism was, in part, born out of a question, said Shawn Taylor: Why weren’t more African-Americans represented in science fiction?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black existence in America is science fiction,” Taylor said. “Aliens came to your land, abducted you, stole your god, stole your music, stole your language, and dropped you off into an alien land with new flora, new fauna -- new everything. So black experience is science fiction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Black existence in America is science fiction. Aliens came to your land, abducted you, stole your god, stole your music, stole your language, and dropped you off into an alien land with new flora, new fauna -- new everything. So black experience is science fiction.'\u003ccite>Shawn Taylor,\u003cbr>\nco-founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://sfmlkday.org/bcafcon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Black Comix Arts Festival\u003c/a> and the website \u003ca href=\"https://thenerdsofcolor.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nerds of Color\u003c/a>.\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>If the real world is already sci-fi, why not use science fiction and fantasy to imagine a better one, Taylor asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor believes the power of creations like Black Panther lies in their ability to imagine transcending the chains of the past, to fill in the holes of history, and to see the future through a black lens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So what I think we can do as a revolutionary tool, as a resistance tool, is look at these narratives that Ryan Coogler and his team did, but then ask what do we create new from there,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is another term Taylor uses: ethno-speculation. The idea is to conjure and interrogate the world purely from one's own perspective. Historically, most mainstream movies about the African-American experience, he said, are about slavery and trauma, about the wounds of the past. There is a power in imagining yourself outside of that, Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to see what an Arab-American story is without white supremacy involved, without having to be labeled a terrorist. I want to see that story,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to see a woman’s story not having to contend with misogyny,\" Taylor said. \"I want to see a queer story not having to contend with homophobia, when you do these kind of cultural speculations, you get such beautiful and rich stories without always having to have double consciousness involved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor said the power to speculate about a world without white supremacy makes that world, that self, feel possible. And that creates not a retreat, but a way forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor admits that people still have to contend with reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the technologically superior Wakanda, “technology elevates everybody,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taylor knows that does not carry over to the world we live in. “Oakland is kind of like the anti-Wakanda,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is because technology here is fueling gentrification and the displacement of Oakland’s historic black population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is one reason activist Malkia Cyril said seeing the film is not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At screenings, Cyril will also be talking, engaging in conversations. Cyril will be telling people about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.colorlines.com/articles/16-black-panthers-still-behind-bars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Black Panther Party members still behind bars\u003c/a>. Cyril said they were unfairly accused and convicted, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/hueypnewton/actions/actions_cointelpro.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">targets of the FBI's COINTELPRO\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cyril will also be talking about the FBI’s newest target, so-called \u003ca href=\"http://foreignpolicy.com/2017/10/06/the-fbi-has-identified-a-new-domestic-terrorist-threat-and-its-black-identity-extremists/\">Black Identity Extremists\u003c/a>. Cyril said that is a barely disguised code for \u003ca href=\"https://blacklivesmatter.com/about/\">Black Lives Matter\u003c/a> activists, of which Cyril is one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"order": 9
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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