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"content": "\u003cp>In 1993, AT&T ran a series of advertisements that predicted a future where technology would grant us all sorts of conveniences. The ads show a world with cars that display digital maps, telephones that stream live videos and kiosks where you can buy concert tickets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s even a kicker that says someday, maybe soon, we’ll even have the ability to send a fax from the beach. All of these utopian dreams unfold over an upbeat soundtrack, and every ad ends with the narrator saying “you will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PJcABbtvtA]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost every promise in those ads has come true, but not exactly in the way AT&T predicted. While AT&T might have shown us these possibilities, it was not the company that brought many of these technologies to the market. And the predictions AT&T made are all slightly askew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ads show people buying concert tickets from an ATM machine, making video calls from a pay phone and sending their beach messages through a fax. It was a vision of the future projected on the technological apparatuses of the early 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1993 AT&T ads served as a starting point for a story KQED reporter Peter Jon Shuler was working on at the time. His piece was about how emerging technological innovations were shaping work and allowing people to work anytime, anywhere. “Telecommuting” was the buzzword back then. Shuler’s story was part of a five-part series about the emerging “virtual world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shuler introduces his story with AT&T’s promise that one day we would “fax from the beach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The implied promise is that the new technology will free us from the bounds that constrain us,” Shuler wrote. “Lock the doors and head for the beach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That line has more than a tinge of sarcasm in the radio story. You can tell he was far from convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shuler said that back then he felt like emerging technologies were creating an environment where everyone, including him, was expected to do more — to always be on and available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was feeling harried and miserable and overworked and stressed, and so I started to explore this topic,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Old and the New\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a newly hired Silicon Valley reporter at KQED, one of my goals is to give some perspective on how internet companies here are shaping the region and our society at large. To do that, I wanted to get some perspective on what things were like here in the early days of the internet. I immediately searched for Shuler, who has been reporting on the Valley for more than 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shuler directed me to a digitized archive where he’d uploaded some of the stories he produced as the internet was just beginning to take off. I asked him what it was like to listen to those pieces today, and Shuler said he was struck by how optimistic and generally uncritical he and others seemed of the “brave new world of new technology” emerging around them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665510\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11665510\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Stanford-Protest_preview-e1525199490391.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1304\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Peter Jon Shuler interviews a protestor on the Stanford campus back in the 1990s. \u003ccite>(Paul Sakuma)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That is not the case with the stories Shuler produced for KQED’s series on “virtual worlds,” particularly the one about technology and work. That piece has holds even more resonance today. “Everything the sources said in the piece was true then,” Shuler said, “and it is even more true now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been 25 years since Shuler filed his story, which he titled “Techno Slaves.” As part of a new series that examines our current relationship with technology, we decided to take a look back at Shuler’s reporting and check in with those people he interviewed a quarter century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pondering the Digital Chain\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first person I got in touch with from Shuler’s story was Maureen Glancy. At the time Shuler interviewed her, she was a professor at San Jose State University. Back then, Glancy described feeling terrorized by all the little flashing red lights on her new office phone messaging system. Each one was a voicemail that she would be forced to deal with. Today, Glancy has retired from SJSU and gone on to teach children and adults how to make Renaissance-period handicrafts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you can probably deduce from her hobby choice, Glancy isn’t impressed by the track technology has taken over the years. She told me that because of smartphones, we are always available, always on call. She said “the chain” is never unbroken. The chain. That’s the same metaphor Shuler used in his story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We find ourselves encumbered by a ponderous digital chain that binds us to the workplace wherever we go,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glancy told me that if she closes her eyes, she can still see those little, red lights blinking away on her office answering machine, each one a task demanding her attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second source in Shuler’s story is a man named Jeff Johnson, who was described as a computer interface expert and chairman of Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility. Johnson, like many of the sources in the story, was worried that emerging technology was not giving us more free time, but just increasing the expectation that we get more done faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson now teachers computer science at the University of San Francisco. When I played the old story for him, he laughed. “We were savvy in a way at that time, but still kind of naive,” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the mid-1990s, Johnson’s big worry was that major companies would take over the internet and turn it into an information network predicated on shoving ads at people and encouraging them to buy everything online. Johnson wrote about these fears in an article titled “\u003ca href=\"http://cpsr.org/prevsite/program/nii/hell.html/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Information Highway From Hell: A Worst Case Scenario\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a live scene with some of the newest gadgetry on display, Shuler visited the office of a Dan Shafer, a “power user” of the latest technologies. Shafer had such cutting-edge technology as a Mac Quadra and a “cellular” phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Shuler interviewed him in 1993, Shafer continued to write about technology, but he also became the “spiritual teacher in residence” at Unity Monterey Bay. I found Shafer’s Facebook page, which was still up even though Shafer had passed away about a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through Shafer’s old church, I got in touch with his widow, who was pleased and shocked I had tracked her down. She thanked me for calling and asked me to send Shuler’s story so she could hear her deceased husband’s voice. This doesn’t have anything to do with the story, but it was a touching reminder of the power of audio to preserve a moment, or in this case, a person in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Deus Ex Machina\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last source in Shuler’s story is Paul Saffo. He was, and still is, a “technology forecaster.” He’s a professor at Stanford University School of Engineering. Back then, Saffo was skeptical about some of the utopian promises being attached to the internet and computing, especially as it related to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The danger is that we will allow the anytime, anyplace office to become the every time, everyplace office,” Saffo told Shuler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I spoke with Saffo, he described the ’90s as a period of unbridled optimism about technology. But he wasn’t surprised by the sentiment. He said it followed a typical pattern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When new technology arrives, inevitably we approach it with naive optimism,” Saffo said. “It is going to be the thing that solves all of our problems, cures the common cold and brings in world peace. That’s exactly how everybody looked at the worldwide web and what we now call social media.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saffo still has an admiration of computers and the internet. He fondly recalls his college days of playing on Harvard’s big mainframe computer and hacking telephones or “phone freaking.” But unlike 1993, Saffo says it is now far less fashionable to be so optimistic about technology. He believes we need to be wary of the dangers of our digital creations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As Heraclitus put it so nicely a couple of millennia ago, nothing new comes into our lives without a hidden curse,” Saffo said. “And the more powerful the thing is, the more subtle the curse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last 25 years, we have unleashed things far more powerful than a fax machine you can take to the beach, a pay phone with a video screen or an ATM where you can buy concert tickets. By Heraclitus’s logic, the curses today will be far more subtle than those of Shuler’s time.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1993, AT&T ran a series of advertisements that predicted a future where technology would grant us all sorts of conveniences. The ads show a world with cars that display digital maps, telephones that stream live videos and kiosks where you can buy concert tickets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s even a kicker that says someday, maybe soon, we’ll even have the ability to send a fax from the beach. All of these utopian dreams unfold over an upbeat soundtrack, and every ad ends with the narrator saying “you will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/4PJcABbtvtA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/4PJcABbtvtA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost every promise in those ads has come true, but not exactly in the way AT&T predicted. While AT&T might have shown us these possibilities, it was not the company that brought many of these technologies to the market. And the predictions AT&T made are all slightly askew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ads show people buying concert tickets from an ATM machine, making video calls from a pay phone and sending their beach messages through a fax. It was a vision of the future projected on the technological apparatuses of the early 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1993 AT&T ads served as a starting point for a story KQED reporter Peter Jon Shuler was working on at the time. His piece was about how emerging technological innovations were shaping work and allowing people to work anytime, anywhere. “Telecommuting” was the buzzword back then. Shuler’s story was part of a five-part series about the emerging “virtual world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shuler introduces his story with AT&T’s promise that one day we would “fax from the beach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The implied promise is that the new technology will free us from the bounds that constrain us,” Shuler wrote. “Lock the doors and head for the beach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That line has more than a tinge of sarcasm in the radio story. You can tell he was far from convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shuler said that back then he felt like emerging technologies were creating an environment where everyone, including him, was expected to do more — to always be on and available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was feeling harried and miserable and overworked and stressed, and so I started to explore this topic,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Old and the New\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a newly hired Silicon Valley reporter at KQED, one of my goals is to give some perspective on how internet companies here are shaping the region and our society at large. To do that, I wanted to get some perspective on what things were like here in the early days of the internet. I immediately searched for Shuler, who has been reporting on the Valley for more than 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shuler directed me to a digitized archive where he’d uploaded some of the stories he produced as the internet was just beginning to take off. I asked him what it was like to listen to those pieces today, and Shuler said he was struck by how optimistic and generally uncritical he and others seemed of the “brave new world of new technology” emerging around them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665510\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11665510\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Stanford-Protest_preview-e1525199490391.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1304\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young Peter Jon Shuler interviews a protestor on the Stanford campus back in the 1990s. \u003ccite>(Paul Sakuma)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That is not the case with the stories Shuler produced for KQED’s series on “virtual worlds,” particularly the one about technology and work. That piece has holds even more resonance today. “Everything the sources said in the piece was true then,” Shuler said, “and it is even more true now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been 25 years since Shuler filed his story, which he titled “Techno Slaves.” As part of a new series that examines our current relationship with technology, we decided to take a look back at Shuler’s reporting and check in with those people he interviewed a quarter century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pondering the Digital Chain\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first person I got in touch with from Shuler’s story was Maureen Glancy. At the time Shuler interviewed her, she was a professor at San Jose State University. Back then, Glancy described feeling terrorized by all the little flashing red lights on her new office phone messaging system. Each one was a voicemail that she would be forced to deal with. Today, Glancy has retired from SJSU and gone on to teach children and adults how to make Renaissance-period handicrafts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you can probably deduce from her hobby choice, Glancy isn’t impressed by the track technology has taken over the years. She told me that because of smartphones, we are always available, always on call. She said “the chain” is never unbroken. The chain. That’s the same metaphor Shuler used in his story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We find ourselves encumbered by a ponderous digital chain that binds us to the workplace wherever we go,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glancy told me that if she closes her eyes, she can still see those little, red lights blinking away on her office answering machine, each one a task demanding her attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second source in Shuler’s story is a man named Jeff Johnson, who was described as a computer interface expert and chairman of Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility. Johnson, like many of the sources in the story, was worried that emerging technology was not giving us more free time, but just increasing the expectation that we get more done faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson now teachers computer science at the University of San Francisco. When I played the old story for him, he laughed. “We were savvy in a way at that time, but still kind of naive,” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the mid-1990s, Johnson’s big worry was that major companies would take over the internet and turn it into an information network predicated on shoving ads at people and encouraging them to buy everything online. Johnson wrote about these fears in an article titled “\u003ca href=\"http://cpsr.org/prevsite/program/nii/hell.html/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Information Highway From Hell: A Worst Case Scenario\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a live scene with some of the newest gadgetry on display, Shuler visited the office of a Dan Shafer, a “power user” of the latest technologies. Shafer had such cutting-edge technology as a Mac Quadra and a “cellular” phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Shuler interviewed him in 1993, Shafer continued to write about technology, but he also became the “spiritual teacher in residence” at Unity Monterey Bay. I found Shafer’s Facebook page, which was still up even though Shafer had passed away about a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through Shafer’s old church, I got in touch with his widow, who was pleased and shocked I had tracked her down. She thanked me for calling and asked me to send Shuler’s story so she could hear her deceased husband’s voice. This doesn’t have anything to do with the story, but it was a touching reminder of the power of audio to preserve a moment, or in this case, a person in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Deus Ex Machina\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last source in Shuler’s story is Paul Saffo. He was, and still is, a “technology forecaster.” He’s a professor at Stanford University School of Engineering. Back then, Saffo was skeptical about some of the utopian promises being attached to the internet and computing, especially as it related to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The danger is that we will allow the anytime, anyplace office to become the every time, everyplace office,” Saffo told Shuler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I spoke with Saffo, he described the ’90s as a period of unbridled optimism about technology. But he wasn’t surprised by the sentiment. He said it followed a typical pattern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When new technology arrives, inevitably we approach it with naive optimism,” Saffo said. “It is going to be the thing that solves all of our problems, cures the common cold and brings in world peace. That’s exactly how everybody looked at the worldwide web and what we now call social media.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saffo still has an admiration of computers and the internet. He fondly recalls his college days of playing on Harvard’s big mainframe computer and hacking telephones or “phone freaking.” But unlike 1993, Saffo says it is now far less fashionable to be so optimistic about technology. He believes we need to be wary of the dangers of our digital creations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As Heraclitus put it so nicely a couple of millennia ago, nothing new comes into our lives without a hidden curse,” Saffo said. “And the more powerful the thing is, the more subtle the curse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "It's a Date: Facebook Enters Online Matchmaking",
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"content": "\u003cp>The world of online dating is about to get more crowded: Facebook announced on Tuesday plans to roll out its own matchmaking feature. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news sent shares of Match Group tumbling. Match is an online dating conglomerate, with ownership in Tinder, match.com and OkCupid, among others. Shares of Match were down 22 percent in afternoon trading. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his keynote address at Facebook’s annual developer conference — where the company brings together the programmers behind many of its third-party apps — CEO Mark Zuckerberg unveiled the feature, which appears to integrate a Tinder-like dating platform directly into Facebook. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Facebook dating isn’t live just yet, the company says it will begin testing later this year. And Chief Product Officer Chris Cox says the company will share more information in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new feature will allow users to find dates using the information people share about themselves on the platform. A preview of the feature asks users to “start a conversation” by picking something interesting from another user’s profile, including their photos and interests (“Cat Person” vs. “Dog Person” and “Coffee Drinker” vs. “Tea Drinker” are examples provided.) Facebook says these conversations will take place in a new text-only messenger, intentionally separated from Messenger, WhatsApp and Instagram chats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665770\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 715px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903.png\" alt=\"Facebook said its new dating feature will use profile information to help match users.\" width=\"715\" height=\"954\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11665770\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903.png 715w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903-160x213.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903-240x320.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903-375x500.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903-520x694.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Facebook said its new dating feature will use profile information to help match users. \u003ccite>(Facebook/Screenshot by NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Users with shared interests will be allowed to “opt in” and find dates through common groups or even in real life at events listed on Facebook. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while dating stole the show, Facebook made \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/05/f8-2018-day-1/\">many other announcements\u003c/a> at its developer conference, which continues Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Augmented and Virtual Reality\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg reiterated Facebook’s commitment to augmented and virtual reality technology in his keynote presentation. He announced new software features including 3D filters for Messenger and Instagram posts. The filters, popularized by Facebook competitor Snap, allow users to overlay augmented reality objects like mustaches or hats onto their face when they upload videos and images. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg also announced new virtual reality hardware in the form of Facebook’s Oculus Go headset. While the $200 headset has been in the works for a while, it was not available for purchase until Tuesday. \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Instagram\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Instagram, which Facebook purchased in 2012 for $1 billion, will see additional features and integrations. New video chats will allow Instagram users to connect one-on-one or in groups for real-time video conferencing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And additional stories integrations will make it easier for third-party services to reach users on Instagram. Spotify, for example, will let users link directly to songs in their Instagram stories. Previously, users had to screenshot what they were listening to and then upload the image to Instagram. \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Facebook App\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg also revealed new tweaks to the core Facebook app. The adjustments are a part of his vision for a more “active” Facebook, where users interact and engage with one another instead of simply passively watching or clicking through content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CEO spent a large part of the keynote discussing Facebook Groups, which will now have their own tab front-and-center in the Facebook app. He said he sees Groups as essential to Facebook’s vision and wants to empower Group leaders with tools to more effectively lead their communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other changes include an improved “Safety Check” feature and a system for organizing blood donation. Safety Check allows users to notify friends that they are safe in crisis situations from terrorist attacks to hurricanes. And the blood donation feature will function as a hub to facilitate interactions between organizations and potential donors. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+A+Date%3A+Facebook+Enters+Online+Matchmaking&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The world of online dating is about to get more crowded: Facebook announced on Tuesday plans to roll out its own matchmaking feature. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news sent shares of Match Group tumbling. Match is an online dating conglomerate, with ownership in Tinder, match.com and OkCupid, among others. Shares of Match were down 22 percent in afternoon trading. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his keynote address at Facebook’s annual developer conference — where the company brings together the programmers behind many of its third-party apps — CEO Mark Zuckerberg unveiled the feature, which appears to integrate a Tinder-like dating platform directly into Facebook. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Facebook dating isn’t live just yet, the company says it will begin testing later this year. And Chief Product Officer Chris Cox says the company will share more information in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new feature will allow users to find dates using the information people share about themselves on the platform. A preview of the feature asks users to “start a conversation” by picking something interesting from another user’s profile, including their photos and interests (“Cat Person” vs. “Dog Person” and “Coffee Drinker” vs. “Tea Drinker” are examples provided.) Facebook says these conversations will take place in a new text-only messenger, intentionally separated from Messenger, WhatsApp and Instagram chats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11665770\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 715px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903.png\" alt=\"Facebook said its new dating feature will use profile information to help match users.\" width=\"715\" height=\"954\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11665770\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903.png 715w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903-160x213.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903-240x320.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903-375x500.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/fb-cropped_vert-2343f6d2c06599d5e02ca588c0a35cc59b2a4903-520x694.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Facebook said its new dating feature will use profile information to help match users. \u003ccite>(Facebook/Screenshot by NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Users with shared interests will be allowed to “opt in” and find dates through common groups or even in real life at events listed on Facebook. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while dating stole the show, Facebook made \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/05/f8-2018-day-1/\">many other announcements\u003c/a> at its developer conference, which continues Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Augmented and Virtual Reality\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg reiterated Facebook’s commitment to augmented and virtual reality technology in his keynote presentation. He announced new software features including 3D filters for Messenger and Instagram posts. The filters, popularized by Facebook competitor Snap, allow users to overlay augmented reality objects like mustaches or hats onto their face when they upload videos and images. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg also announced new virtual reality hardware in the form of Facebook’s Oculus Go headset. While the $200 headset has been in the works for a while, it was not available for purchase until Tuesday. \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Instagram\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Instagram, which Facebook purchased in 2012 for $1 billion, will see additional features and integrations. New video chats will allow Instagram users to connect one-on-one or in groups for real-time video conferencing. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And additional stories integrations will make it easier for third-party services to reach users on Instagram. Spotify, for example, will let users link directly to songs in their Instagram stories. Previously, users had to screenshot what they were listening to and then upload the image to Instagram. \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Facebook App\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg also revealed new tweaks to the core Facebook app. The adjustments are a part of his vision for a more “active” Facebook, where users interact and engage with one another instead of simply passively watching or clicking through content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CEO spent a large part of the keynote discussing Facebook Groups, which will now have their own tab front-and-center in the Facebook app. He said he sees Groups as essential to Facebook’s vision and wants to empower Group leaders with tools to more effectively lead their communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other changes include an improved “Safety Check” feature and a system for organizing blood donation. Safety Check allows users to notify friends that they are safe in crisis situations from terrorist attacks to hurricanes. And the blood donation feature will function as a hub to facilitate interactions between organizations and potential donors. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+A+Date%3A+Facebook+Enters+Online+Matchmaking&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In a ruling that could bring major changes to the way Uber, Lyft and other major \"gig\" employers do business, the California Supreme Court has imposed new limits on how firms classify workers as independent contractors. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://www.courts.ca.gov/opinions/documents/S222732.PDF\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a unanimous decision\u003c/a> delivered Monday, the state high court prescribed a simplified test for determining whether someone conducting work for a company should be treated as a contractor or as an employee eligible for minimum wages, work breaks and other benefits. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What this means for the gig economy is that companies are going to have to look long and hard at whether they're misclassifying their workers for purposes of wages and minimal working conditions under California law,\" Veena Dubal, an associate professor who specializes in workplace legal issues at UC Hastings College of the Law, told KQED. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling came in a 2005 lawsuit brought by drivers for a nationwide package delivery company, Dynamex Operations West. Until 2004, the firm had treated the drivers as employees. But in a move to cut costs, the company converted them to independent contractors -- responsible for all of their own expenses though required to wear a Dynamex shirts and badges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"ABC standard\" the court adopted -- already in force in Massachusetts and New Jersey -- presumes that a worker is an employee unless three conditions are met:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>That the worker is free from the control and direction of the hirer in connection with the performance of their, both under the contract for the performance of the work and in fact.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>That the worker performs work that is outside the usual course of the hiring entity’s business.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>That the worker is customarily engaged in an independently established trade, occupation, or\u003cbr>\nbusiness of the same nature as that involved in the work performed.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The Monday ruling applies only to the Dynamex delivery drivers. But experts in employment law said the decision's effects could ripple throughout the gig economy -- including firms like Uber and Lyft that so far have been largely successful in fending off legal efforts challenging their classification of drivers as independent contractors. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some expert opinions voiced in other outlets:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/30/business/economy/gig-economy-ruling.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The New York Times\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a massive thing — definitely a game-changer that will force everyone to take a fresh look at the whole issue,” said Richard Meneghello, a co-chairman of the gig-economy practice group at the management-side law firm Fisher Phillips. ... \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... In a recent case involving the restaurant ordering and delivery service GrubHub, for example, a California judge found that food delivery was a regular part of the company’s business in Los Angeles, where the plaintiff worked, potentially satisfying the ABC test. But she ruled in favor of the company, concluding that it did not exert sufficient control over the worker to be considered an employer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon Liss-Riordan, the attorney for the plaintiff in that case, said she would seek reconsideration in light of the new ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GrubHub said in a statement that it was aware of Monday’s ruling but could not comment because of the appeals process in the case, other than to say it “will continue to ensure delivery partners can take advantage of the flexibility they value from working with our company.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And from \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Gig-workers-could-gain-employee-status-with-12875715.php\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Andrew Livingston, a lawyer for employer organizations in California that filed arguments in support of Dynamex, said the ruling abandoned a standard that California courts had used for 30 years to determine employment status, based largely on how much control a business exercised over wages, hours and working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This will create challenges for employers,” Livingston said. “At least for wage and hour purposes, this will increase the number of individuals who are considered employees in California.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a ruling that could bring major changes to the way Uber, Lyft and other major \"gig\" employers do business, the California Supreme Court has imposed new limits on how firms classify workers as independent contractors. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://www.courts.ca.gov/opinions/documents/S222732.PDF\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a unanimous decision\u003c/a> delivered Monday, the state high court prescribed a simplified test for determining whether someone conducting work for a company should be treated as a contractor or as an employee eligible for minimum wages, work breaks and other benefits. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What this means for the gig economy is that companies are going to have to look long and hard at whether they're misclassifying their workers for purposes of wages and minimal working conditions under California law,\" Veena Dubal, an associate professor who specializes in workplace legal issues at UC Hastings College of the Law, told KQED. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling came in a 2005 lawsuit brought by drivers for a nationwide package delivery company, Dynamex Operations West. Until 2004, the firm had treated the drivers as employees. But in a move to cut costs, the company converted them to independent contractors -- responsible for all of their own expenses though required to wear a Dynamex shirts and badges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"ABC standard\" the court adopted -- already in force in Massachusetts and New Jersey -- presumes that a worker is an employee unless three conditions are met:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>That the worker is free from the control and direction of the hirer in connection with the performance of their, both under the contract for the performance of the work and in fact.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>That the worker performs work that is outside the usual course of the hiring entity’s business.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>That the worker is customarily engaged in an independently established trade, occupation, or\u003cbr>\nbusiness of the same nature as that involved in the work performed.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The Monday ruling applies only to the Dynamex delivery drivers. But experts in employment law said the decision's effects could ripple throughout the gig economy -- including firms like Uber and Lyft that so far have been largely successful in fending off legal efforts challenging their classification of drivers as independent contractors. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some expert opinions voiced in other outlets:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>From \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/30/business/economy/gig-economy-ruling.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The New York Times\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a massive thing — definitely a game-changer that will force everyone to take a fresh look at the whole issue,” said Richard Meneghello, a co-chairman of the gig-economy practice group at the management-side law firm Fisher Phillips. ... \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... In a recent case involving the restaurant ordering and delivery service GrubHub, for example, a California judge found that food delivery was a regular part of the company’s business in Los Angeles, where the plaintiff worked, potentially satisfying the ABC test. But she ruled in favor of the company, concluding that it did not exert sufficient control over the worker to be considered an employer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon Liss-Riordan, the attorney for the plaintiff in that case, said she would seek reconsideration in light of the new ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GrubHub said in a statement that it was aware of Monday’s ruling but could not comment because of the appeals process in the case, other than to say it “will continue to ensure delivery partners can take advantage of the flexibility they value from working with our company.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And from \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Gig-workers-could-gain-employee-status-with-12875715.php\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Andrew Livingston, a lawyer for employer organizations in California that filed arguments in support of Dynamex, said the ruling abandoned a standard that California courts had used for 30 years to determine employment status, based largely on how much control a business exercised over wages, hours and working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This will create challenges for employers,” Livingston said. “At least for wage and hour purposes, this will increase the number of individuals who are considered employees in California.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>aEditor’s note: The following story was produced for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/2018/04/18/youth-takeover-of-kqed-news-starts-april-23/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Youth Takeover\u003c/a> week at KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/2018/04/18/youth-takeover-of-kqed-news-starts-april-23/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Youth Takeover of KQED News\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/2018/04/18/youth-takeover-of-kqed-news-starts-april-23/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2018/04/Youth-Takeover-image-2.png\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Youth are taking over KQED! From April 23 – 27, KQED programs will feature stories pitched, produced and reported by youth from Bay Area high schools. Participating programs include \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/program/the-california-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Report\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4K10PNjqgGLKA3lo5V8KdQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Above the Noise\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/perspectives\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perspectives\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/program/kqed-newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED Newsroom\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The internet is an amazing place, but it’s also home to some of the worst people in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaming communities can be some of the most toxic places on the web. And among them, the League of Legends community can get particularly rough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://play.na.leagueoflegends.com/en_US\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">League of Legends\u003c/a>, a ridiculously popular multiplayer online battle arena video game, has about 67 million active monthly players and 27 million active daily players. Games can last up to an hour, so you end up communicating with a lot of potentially aggressive people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Megan Phong, 18, a senior at Lincoln High School, has been playing League of Legends since her freshman year and has come across her fair share of toxic behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Toxic is one of those things where some players are just a bit much. They’ll be really mean to people playing with them or playing against them,” Phong says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The smack talk comes out in the game’s chat box. And even people who are really nice in real life can turn toxic in the gaming arena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giping Huang, 18, a senior at Lowell High School, has played League of Legends throughout high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked if he’s ever toxic during games, Huang laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During games they’re just like really stupid mistakes that my team makes,” he says. “Or they’re just being stupid. I’m sorry, but they’re just being stupid. They’re just not playing as well as I would like them to play.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phong, from Lincoln High, also admits to some toxic behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been toxic multiple times, even if it’s like just a little toxic,” she says. “It’s not as bad as other people that go like seriously crazy in the community while playing. I’ve been a little mean to some people. Only if they’re bad though.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there are the victims of these toxic attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not the best League of Legends player you’ve ever seen,” admits Christian Chun, 17, a senior at Abraham Lincoln High School in San Francisco. “There are times where I don’t do very well at all during games. Sometimes it’s random strangers on the internet and other times it’s actually my friends. I tend to be at the receiving end of a lot of toxic nature, and it’s not too fun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He adds: “It gets to a point where you just get so used to the toxic behavior on League that you get used to it, and now whenever someone insults me, I either just ignore it or I just turn off all chat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite how toxic League of Legends can be, it’s still a great game to play with friends, and at certain times be toxic yourself. It’s all in good fun, after all.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>aEditor’s note: The following story was produced for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/2018/04/18/youth-takeover-of-kqed-news-starts-april-23/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Youth Takeover\u003c/a> week at KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/2018/04/18/youth-takeover-of-kqed-news-starts-april-23/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Youth Takeover of KQED News\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/2018/04/18/youth-takeover-of-kqed-news-starts-april-23/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2018/04/Youth-Takeover-image-2.png\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Youth are taking over KQED! From April 23 – 27, KQED programs will feature stories pitched, produced and reported by youth from Bay Area high schools. Participating programs include \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/program/the-california-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Report\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4K10PNjqgGLKA3lo5V8KdQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Above the Noise\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/perspectives\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perspectives\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/program/kqed-newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED Newsroom\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The internet is an amazing place, but it’s also home to some of the worst people in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaming communities can be some of the most toxic places on the web. And among them, the League of Legends community can get particularly rough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://play.na.leagueoflegends.com/en_US\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">League of Legends\u003c/a>, a ridiculously popular multiplayer online battle arena video game, has about 67 million active monthly players and 27 million active daily players. Games can last up to an hour, so you end up communicating with a lot of potentially aggressive people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Megan Phong, 18, a senior at Lincoln High School, has been playing League of Legends since her freshman year and has come across her fair share of toxic behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Toxic is one of those things where some players are just a bit much. They’ll be really mean to people playing with them or playing against them,” Phong says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The smack talk comes out in the game’s chat box. And even people who are really nice in real life can turn toxic in the gaming arena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giping Huang, 18, a senior at Lowell High School, has played League of Legends throughout high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked if he’s ever toxic during games, Huang laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During games they’re just like really stupid mistakes that my team makes,” he says. “Or they’re just being stupid. I’m sorry, but they’re just being stupid. They’re just not playing as well as I would like them to play.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phong, from Lincoln High, also admits to some toxic behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been toxic multiple times, even if it’s like just a little toxic,” she says. “It’s not as bad as other people that go like seriously crazy in the community while playing. I’ve been a little mean to some people. Only if they’re bad though.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there are the victims of these toxic attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not the best League of Legends player you’ve ever seen,” admits Christian Chun, 17, a senior at Abraham Lincoln High School in San Francisco. “There are times where I don’t do very well at all during games. Sometimes it’s random strangers on the internet and other times it’s actually my friends. I tend to be at the receiving end of a lot of toxic nature, and it’s not too fun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He adds: “It gets to a point where you just get so used to the toxic behavior on League that you get used to it, and now whenever someone insults me, I either just ignore it or I just turn off all chat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite how toxic League of Legends can be, it’s still a great game to play with friends, and at certain times be toxic yourself. It’s all in good fun, after all.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Investigator Says Free DNA Matching Site Used to Catch Golden State Killer",
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"content": "\u003ch3>\u003cem>An alleged killer is now in custody. But critics say the familial DNA testing that helped track him down allows for searches of innocent people who happen to be related to someone suspected of committing a crime or otherwise provided their DNA for inclusion in a database.\u003c/em>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One of the main investigators who helped capture Joseph DeAngelo, the alleged California serial rapist and killer, says his team used a public DNA matching website to track DeAngelo down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site allows users who have DNA profiles from commercial companies such as Ancestry.com and 23andMe to expand their search for relatives.Lead investigator Paul Holes tells the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/04/26/ancestry-23andme-deny-assisting-law-enforcement-in-east-area-rapist-case/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a> that one of his team's biggest tools in catching DeAngelo, who eluded law enforcement for four decades, was GEDMatch, a free, Florida-based site that pools DNA profiles that people upload and share publicly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major companies, such as 23andMe and Ancestry, do not allow law enforcement to access their genetic data unless they get a court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holes says officials did not need a court order to access GEDMatch's large database of genetic blueprints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy concerns have been raised over investigators' use of a genealogical website to find DeAngelo, who was arrested Tuesday. Investigators say they matched crime-scene DNA using genetic material stored by a distant relative on the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities say it's an innovative technique that broke open the long-cold case of the Golden State Killer, who slew at least a dozen people and raped 50 women from 1976 to 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Steve Mercer of the Maryland public defender's office says it pinpoints a problem: There aren't strong privacy laws to keep police from trolling such databases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mercer says right now, people who submit DNA to be tested to find their ancestors can unwittingly become \"genetic informants\" on family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People who submit DNA for ancestors testing are unwittingly becoming genetic informants on their innocent family,\" Mercer said, adding that they \"have fewer privacy protections than convicted offenders whose DNA is contained in regulated databanks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technique that investigators used is known as familial DNA testing, and it has previously raised ethical issues in the forensics community. Typically with the method, investigators search law enforcement databases to identify likely relatives of the person who may have committed the crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say that familial DNA testing allows for searches of innocent people who happen to be related to someone suspected of committing a crime or otherwise provided their DNA for inclusion in a database. Law enforcement officials have argued the technique can provide investigators with valuable leads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, California became the first state in the country to authorize the testing. It since has been used in at least eight other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The method led to the arrest of Lonnie Franklin Jr. in the Los Angeles \"Grim Sleeper\" serial killings from 1985 to 2007. Los Angeles County sheriff's officials also used it last year to solve the decades-old killing of the ex-wife of Righteous Brothers singer Bill Medley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DeAngelo Arrest\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph James DeAngelo, 72, was arrested Tuesday. After investigators matched crime-scene \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/7621f268d720428e87eaacf73b2f7d3b/A-look-at-DNA-testing-that-ID%27d-a-suspected-serial-killer\">DNA\u003c/a> with a relative, they narrowed it down to the Sacramento-area grandfather using DNA obtained from material he'd discarded, Sacramento County District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DNA potentially may have played an earlier role in the case. It was just coming into use as a criminal investigative tool in 1986 when the predator variously known as the East Area Rapist and the Golden State Killer apparently ended his decade-long wave of attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeAngelo, a former police officer, probably would have known about the new method, experts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He knew police techniques,\" said John Jay College of Criminal Justice professor Louis Schlesinger. \"He was smart.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one who knew DeAngelo over the decades connected him with the string of at least a dozen murders, 50 rapes and dozens of burglaries from 1976 to 1986 throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After he was identified as the suspect, however, prosecutors rushed to charge him with eight killings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, police in the central California farming town of Visalia said Thursday that DeAngelo is a suspect in a 13th killing and about 100 burglaries in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1975, of community college teacher Claude Snelling was shot while trying to stop a masked intruder from kidnapping his 16-year-old daughter from his home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators lacked DNA evidence so Snelling's death and the burglaries weren't included in the tally of Golden State Killer crimes but fingerprints and shoe tracks will be reviewed for matches to DeAngelo, Visalia Police Chief Jason Salazar said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators searched DeAngelo's home on Thursday, looking for class rings, earrings, dishes and other items that were taken from crime scenes as well as weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, DeAngelo's neighbors, relatives and former acquaintances all say they had no inkling that he could be a serial killer. He worked nearly three decades in a Sacramento-area supermarket warehouse as a truck mechanic, retiring last year. As a neighbor, he was known for taking meticulous care of his lawn in suburban Citrus Heights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeAngelo worked as a police officer in the farming town of Exeter, not far from Visalia, from 1973 to 1976.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeAngelo was a \"black sheep\" who didn't joke around with other officers, said Farrel Ward, 75, who served on the force with DeAngelo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward said it's possible that DeAngelo helped with the search for Snelling's killer and the elusive burglar but he doesn't recall DeAngelo directly investigating the killing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been thinking, but there's no indication whatsoever that anything was wrong,\" Ward said. \"How could you just go out and kill somebody and go back and go to work? I don't understand that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, DeAngelo joined the Auburn Police Department outside of Sacramento but was fired in 1979 after he was caught shoplifting a hammer and dog repellent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators say they have linked DeAngelo to 11 killings that occurred after he was fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Huddle said he always hoped police would catch the killer whose attacks prompted him to buy a pistol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he was stunned to find out the man arrested was DeAngelo, his former brother-in-law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huddle said it was \"still just going crazy in my mind.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch3>\u003cem>An alleged killer is now in custody. But critics say the familial DNA testing that helped track him down allows for searches of innocent people who happen to be related to someone suspected of committing a crime or otherwise provided their DNA for inclusion in a database.\u003c/em>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One of the main investigators who helped capture Joseph DeAngelo, the alleged California serial rapist and killer, says his team used a public DNA matching website to track DeAngelo down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site allows users who have DNA profiles from commercial companies such as Ancestry.com and 23andMe to expand their search for relatives.Lead investigator Paul Holes tells the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/04/26/ancestry-23andme-deny-assisting-law-enforcement-in-east-area-rapist-case/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a> that one of his team's biggest tools in catching DeAngelo, who eluded law enforcement for four decades, was GEDMatch, a free, Florida-based site that pools DNA profiles that people upload and share publicly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major companies, such as 23andMe and Ancestry, do not allow law enforcement to access their genetic data unless they get a court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holes says officials did not need a court order to access GEDMatch's large database of genetic blueprints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy concerns have been raised over investigators' use of a genealogical website to find DeAngelo, who was arrested Tuesday. Investigators say they matched crime-scene DNA using genetic material stored by a distant relative on the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities say it's an innovative technique that broke open the long-cold case of the Golden State Killer, who slew at least a dozen people and raped 50 women from 1976 to 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Steve Mercer of the Maryland public defender's office says it pinpoints a problem: There aren't strong privacy laws to keep police from trolling such databases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mercer says right now, people who submit DNA to be tested to find their ancestors can unwittingly become \"genetic informants\" on family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People who submit DNA for ancestors testing are unwittingly becoming genetic informants on their innocent family,\" Mercer said, adding that they \"have fewer privacy protections than convicted offenders whose DNA is contained in regulated databanks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technique that investigators used is known as familial DNA testing, and it has previously raised ethical issues in the forensics community. Typically with the method, investigators search law enforcement databases to identify likely relatives of the person who may have committed the crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say that familial DNA testing allows for searches of innocent people who happen to be related to someone suspected of committing a crime or otherwise provided their DNA for inclusion in a database. Law enforcement officials have argued the technique can provide investigators with valuable leads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, California became the first state in the country to authorize the testing. It since has been used in at least eight other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The method led to the arrest of Lonnie Franklin Jr. in the Los Angeles \"Grim Sleeper\" serial killings from 1985 to 2007. Los Angeles County sheriff's officials also used it last year to solve the decades-old killing of the ex-wife of Righteous Brothers singer Bill Medley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DeAngelo Arrest\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph James DeAngelo, 72, was arrested Tuesday. After investigators matched crime-scene \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/7621f268d720428e87eaacf73b2f7d3b/A-look-at-DNA-testing-that-ID%27d-a-suspected-serial-killer\">DNA\u003c/a> with a relative, they narrowed it down to the Sacramento-area grandfather using DNA obtained from material he'd discarded, Sacramento County District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DNA potentially may have played an earlier role in the case. It was just coming into use as a criminal investigative tool in 1986 when the predator variously known as the East Area Rapist and the Golden State Killer apparently ended his decade-long wave of attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeAngelo, a former police officer, probably would have known about the new method, experts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He knew police techniques,\" said John Jay College of Criminal Justice professor Louis Schlesinger. \"He was smart.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one who knew DeAngelo over the decades connected him with the string of at least a dozen murders, 50 rapes and dozens of burglaries from 1976 to 1986 throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After he was identified as the suspect, however, prosecutors rushed to charge him with eight killings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, police in the central California farming town of Visalia said Thursday that DeAngelo is a suspect in a 13th killing and about 100 burglaries in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1975, of community college teacher Claude Snelling was shot while trying to stop a masked intruder from kidnapping his 16-year-old daughter from his home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators lacked DNA evidence so Snelling's death and the burglaries weren't included in the tally of Golden State Killer crimes but fingerprints and shoe tracks will be reviewed for matches to DeAngelo, Visalia Police Chief Jason Salazar said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators searched DeAngelo's home on Thursday, looking for class rings, earrings, dishes and other items that were taken from crime scenes as well as weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, DeAngelo's neighbors, relatives and former acquaintances all say they had no inkling that he could be a serial killer. He worked nearly three decades in a Sacramento-area supermarket warehouse as a truck mechanic, retiring last year. As a neighbor, he was known for taking meticulous care of his lawn in suburban Citrus Heights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeAngelo worked as a police officer in the farming town of Exeter, not far from Visalia, from 1973 to 1976.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeAngelo was a \"black sheep\" who didn't joke around with other officers, said Farrel Ward, 75, who served on the force with DeAngelo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ward said it's possible that DeAngelo helped with the search for Snelling's killer and the elusive burglar but he doesn't recall DeAngelo directly investigating the killing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been thinking, but there's no indication whatsoever that anything was wrong,\" Ward said. \"How could you just go out and kill somebody and go back and go to work? I don't understand that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, DeAngelo joined the Auburn Police Department outside of Sacramento but was fired in 1979 after he was caught shoplifting a hammer and dog repellent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators say they have linked DeAngelo to 11 killings that occurred after he was fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Huddle said he always hoped police would catch the killer whose attacks prompted him to buy a pistol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he was stunned to find out the man arrested was DeAngelo, his former brother-in-law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>How does Facebook decide to remove a post for hate speech or bullying? What about a photo that shows a woman’s breasts? Now, for the first time, we know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has published \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/communitystandards/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">its internal guidelines\u003c/a> for flagging and removing content. This comes a little more than a week before F8, the company’s annual developers conference. The tone at the event could be markedly different this year given \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11657315\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the recent scandal\u003c/a> over how the company collects, handles and monetizes user data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been criticized for years about how it censors content and for a lack of transparency into the process. Critics point out that there are hate groups with pages that haven’t been shut down, while at the same time something like a post of artwork showing naked breasts might gets pulled. For example, a famous, nude painting of Bea Arthur of the Golden Girls. \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2325628/Naked-Golden-Girl-Bea-Arthur-painting-sells-nearly-2m.html\" target='\"_blank' rel=\"noopener\">It made the news\u003c/a> when it was sold, but posts about it on Facebook were flagged and taken down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jillian York said she was one of those who posted about this painting and then had the post removed, which is ironic. York is director of International Freedom of Expression at the Electronic Frontier Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EFF has battled against censorship online since the early days of user-run, internet forums. York said back then the idea was that users could self-police and self-regulate their content, and that these small forums should be places for uncensored expression. But the internet has changed a lot since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook is not a small forum run by its users. It’s one of a few corporations that have increasingly monopolized the internet, York said. The website is filled with all kinds of content posted by all kinds of people, many of whom are antagonizing each other, she added. Like at any large media company, she said, it makes sense that some dangerous content should be moderated or regulated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s tricky, York said. Here’s an example. Take the word “dyke.” It’s a slur, yet it has also been reclaimed and used in a positive way by some of those it is used against. The advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/facebook-stop-discriminating-against-lesbians\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listening 2 Lesbians\u003c/a> criticized Facebook for censoring the word and taking down posts of those using it positively. York said Facebook said it’s trying to address the nuances in situations like this, but still, York said posts using the term “dyke” in a positive way still get taken down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook just made public how it makes decisions in cases like this. In a 27-page webpost about its “Community Standards,” Facebook lays out what you can and cannot put on the site. Facebook is also going to now let users appeal when a post is taken down. The guidelines cover everything from animal cruelty and nudity to false information, which the company admits in the guidelines is a “challenging issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transparency advocates applaud Facebook’s move, but some, like Benjamin Decker a research fellow with the Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy, worry that disclosing the guidelines will help people find ways around the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It literally gives a playbook for the purveyors of disinformation and fake news on how to survive on the platform,” Decker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It literally gives a playbook for the purveyors of disinformation and fake news on how to survive on the platform.’ \u003ccite>Benjamin Decker, Shorenstein Center research fellow\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Here is the rationale Facebook gave for making its internal guidelines public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We decided to publish these internal guidelines for two reasons. First, the guidelines will help people understand where we draw the line on nuanced issues. Second, providing these details makes it easier for everyone, including experts in different fields, to give us feedback so that we can improve the guidelines – and the decisions we make – over time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules laid out in the 27 pages are detailed, but Santa Clara University law professor Eric Goldman said they show how the decision of what to censor is, in the end, subjective and therefore arguable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every single element of Facebook’s content moderation guidelines had some place where we as lawyers could start litigating over what that meant and how that would be applied to specific facts,” Goldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is it bullying or a joke between friends? Art or porn? Facebook explains that artificial intelligence and computer analysis assists in determining potentially problematic posts. But at the end of the day, it is humans who decide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has hired a whole team of “content moderators” to review and censor what is posted on the site. Goldman says the guidelines and human curation show how Facebook, like Twitter, is not a neutral platform featuring third-party content, but a media company that makes conscious editorial decisions about what content can be on the site, how it is packaged and what gets prioritized\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘At some point I don’t think there’s any positioning Facebook can take other than it is a media company with editorial standards.’ \u003ccite>Eric Goldman\u003cbr>\nSanta Clara University law professor \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Goldman said reading Facebook’s guidelines feels like reading the editorial guidelines at a media organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At some point I don’t think there’s any positioning Facebook can take other than it is a media company with editorial standards that it tries to apply consistent with its editorial discretion,” Goldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike a media company, Facebook is not liable for what users post, no matter how much they curate the content. This is thanks to \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act\" target='\"_blank' rel=\"noopener\">a law put on the books\u003c/a> in 1996 that absolves websites of liability over any content posted by third-party users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, Facebook is now facing enough pressure from its users that it has hired 7,500 people to review content. Goldman said that number is definitely going to grow as Facebook tries to police the posts uploaded by its more than 2 billion users.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>How does Facebook decide to remove a post for hate speech or bullying? What about a photo that shows a woman’s breasts? Now, for the first time, we know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has published \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/communitystandards/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">its internal guidelines\u003c/a> for flagging and removing content. This comes a little more than a week before F8, the company’s annual developers conference. The tone at the event could be markedly different this year given \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11657315\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the recent scandal\u003c/a> over how the company collects, handles and monetizes user data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been criticized for years about how it censors content and for a lack of transparency into the process. Critics point out that there are hate groups with pages that haven’t been shut down, while at the same time something like a post of artwork showing naked breasts might gets pulled. For example, a famous, nude painting of Bea Arthur of the Golden Girls. \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2325628/Naked-Golden-Girl-Bea-Arthur-painting-sells-nearly-2m.html\" target='\"_blank' rel=\"noopener\">It made the news\u003c/a> when it was sold, but posts about it on Facebook were flagged and taken down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jillian York said she was one of those who posted about this painting and then had the post removed, which is ironic. York is director of International Freedom of Expression at the Electronic Frontier Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EFF has battled against censorship online since the early days of user-run, internet forums. York said back then the idea was that users could self-police and self-regulate their content, and that these small forums should be places for uncensored expression. But the internet has changed a lot since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook is not a small forum run by its users. It’s one of a few corporations that have increasingly monopolized the internet, York said. The website is filled with all kinds of content posted by all kinds of people, many of whom are antagonizing each other, she added. Like at any large media company, she said, it makes sense that some dangerous content should be moderated or regulated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s tricky, York said. Here’s an example. Take the word “dyke.” It’s a slur, yet it has also been reclaimed and used in a positive way by some of those it is used against. The advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.change.org/p/facebook-stop-discriminating-against-lesbians\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listening 2 Lesbians\u003c/a> criticized Facebook for censoring the word and taking down posts of those using it positively. York said Facebook said it’s trying to address the nuances in situations like this, but still, York said posts using the term “dyke” in a positive way still get taken down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook just made public how it makes decisions in cases like this. In a 27-page webpost about its “Community Standards,” Facebook lays out what you can and cannot put on the site. Facebook is also going to now let users appeal when a post is taken down. The guidelines cover everything from animal cruelty and nudity to false information, which the company admits in the guidelines is a “challenging issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transparency advocates applaud Facebook’s move, but some, like Benjamin Decker a research fellow with the Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy, worry that disclosing the guidelines will help people find ways around the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It literally gives a playbook for the purveyors of disinformation and fake news on how to survive on the platform,” Decker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It literally gives a playbook for the purveyors of disinformation and fake news on how to survive on the platform.’ \u003ccite>Benjamin Decker, Shorenstein Center research fellow\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Here is the rationale Facebook gave for making its internal guidelines public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We decided to publish these internal guidelines for two reasons. First, the guidelines will help people understand where we draw the line on nuanced issues. Second, providing these details makes it easier for everyone, including experts in different fields, to give us feedback so that we can improve the guidelines – and the decisions we make – over time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules laid out in the 27 pages are detailed, but Santa Clara University law professor Eric Goldman said they show how the decision of what to censor is, in the end, subjective and therefore arguable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every single element of Facebook’s content moderation guidelines had some place where we as lawyers could start litigating over what that meant and how that would be applied to specific facts,” Goldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is it bullying or a joke between friends? Art or porn? Facebook explains that artificial intelligence and computer analysis assists in determining potentially problematic posts. But at the end of the day, it is humans who decide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has hired a whole team of “content moderators” to review and censor what is posted on the site. Goldman says the guidelines and human curation show how Facebook, like Twitter, is not a neutral platform featuring third-party content, but a media company that makes conscious editorial decisions about what content can be on the site, how it is packaged and what gets prioritized\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘At some point I don’t think there’s any positioning Facebook can take other than it is a media company with editorial standards.’ \u003ccite>Eric Goldman\u003cbr>\nSanta Clara University law professor \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Goldman said reading Facebook’s guidelines feels like reading the editorial guidelines at a media organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At some point I don’t think there’s any positioning Facebook can take other than it is a media company with editorial standards that it tries to apply consistent with its editorial discretion,” Goldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike a media company, Facebook is not liable for what users post, no matter how much they curate the content. This is thanks to \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act\" target='\"_blank' rel=\"noopener\">a law put on the books\u003c/a> in 1996 that absolves websites of liability over any content posted by third-party users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, Facebook is now facing enough pressure from its users that it has hired 7,500 people to review content. Goldman said that number is definitely going to grow as Facebook tries to police the posts uploaded by its more than 2 billion users.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Bird Pushes Back Against S.F. Proposal to Limit Scooter Fleets",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 2 p.m. Thursday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco transportation officials have unveiled the outlines of their plan to regulate electric stand-up rental scooters -- and gotten immediate pushback from the biggest of the scooter firms. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/sites/default/files/reports-and-documents/2018/04/4-25-18_emsc_item_8_pilot_scooter_share_program_permit_slide_presentation.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a presentation\u003c/a> to a San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency committee on Wednesday, agency staff said they contemplated a 24-month pilot project in which the city would permit as many as five companies to operate up to 500 scooters each. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bird, one of the three companies that began operating the rental scooters in San Francisco last month, immediately challenged the proposed cap on scooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think that a firm cap of 500 scooters per company is something that's arbitrary and doesn't take into account demand that's already been shown,\" said David Estrada, chief legal officer and head of government relations at Bird. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that the company considers the current SFMTA proposal -- which could be submitted for approval by the agency's board next week -- to be \"a draft for discussion.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bird said Wednesday that as of last week it already was operating 1,614 scooters in the city. The company says that in its first 30 days of operation, it recorded 95,418 trips by 32,211 individual riders covering 143,725 miles -- an average of about a mile and a half per ride. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a little context, Bird's ridership in its first 30 days averaged about 3,200 trips a day -- and close to 5,000 a day by last week. San Francisco transportation officials estimated the number of daily trips in the city by all modes last year at 4.1 million. That estimate includes 1.6 million trips a day by private cars, including 155,000 by Uber and Lyft. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bird and its current scooter competitors in the city -- Spin and LimeBike -- all say their vehicles could be an important part of reducing traffic congestion and helping San Francisco realize its long-term goals of dramatically reducing car trips and greenhouse gas emissions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bird says it wants the city to adopt what it calls \"dynamic caps\" for scooter fleets -- essentially by letting companies determine the number of vehicles they deploy by user demand. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would look at how much the users are using each vehicle,\" Estrada said. \"The way we think is the right way to do it is to cap the supply such that you don't add more supply unless your fleet of scooters is being utilized on average three rides per day per scooter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A LimeBike spokesman said the firm will issue a response to the SFMTA proposal on Friday. Spin said it's reviewing the proposal and \"deferring to SFMTA.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulation and permit process is the city's response to complaints that arose after the three companies launched the mini-vehicles without notice last month. Complaints have centered on users riding illegally on sidewalks and haphazardly parked scooters obstructing sidewalks. The city's Public Works agency says it has seized about 350 improperly parked scooters over the last 10 days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Attorney Dennis Herrera last week sent Spin, Bird and LimeBike cease-and-desist letters, and the firms face a deadline next Monday to file reports on what they're doing to end careless and/or illegal behavior by riders. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three companies have vowed to act on the problems the city has raised. Bird's Estrada said concerns about sidewalk-riding and sloppy parking can be addressed through public safety and rider education campaigns -- while still allowing large numbers of scooters to be deployed. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All of that is solvable,\" Estrada said. \"The way we're not going to solve it is if we simply and reflexively cap the number of vehicles. All that's going to do is slow down something that's shown a lot of promise for taking cars off the road.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFMTA's Jamie Parks told a Board of Supervisors hearing last week that one of the agency's main goals in developing regulations was to understand how the scooters are being used -- whether, for instance, they're actually replacing trips taken by Uber and Lyft. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To accomplish that, the SFMTA's proposed permit rules for the 24-month pilot would require companies to share detailed data about how and when the scooters are used. The agency would also require the companies to have fare plans for low-income riders and adopt policies on user education privacy of user data. The firms would also need agree to operate in approved service areas and provide proof of insurance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parks said in an email Wednesday that the proposed cap of 500 scooters per permit -- a total of 2,500 citywide --could be raised if the 24-month pilot proves successful. The SFMTA estimates that a total of 2,000 to 2,500 scooters from the three firms are currently on the street. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 2 p.m. Thursday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco transportation officials have unveiled the outlines of their plan to regulate electric stand-up rental scooters -- and gotten immediate pushback from the biggest of the scooter firms. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/sites/default/files/reports-and-documents/2018/04/4-25-18_emsc_item_8_pilot_scooter_share_program_permit_slide_presentation.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a presentation\u003c/a> to a San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency committee on Wednesday, agency staff said they contemplated a 24-month pilot project in which the city would permit as many as five companies to operate up to 500 scooters each. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bird, one of the three companies that began operating the rental scooters in San Francisco last month, immediately challenged the proposed cap on scooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think that a firm cap of 500 scooters per company is something that's arbitrary and doesn't take into account demand that's already been shown,\" said David Estrada, chief legal officer and head of government relations at Bird. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that the company considers the current SFMTA proposal -- which could be submitted for approval by the agency's board next week -- to be \"a draft for discussion.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bird said Wednesday that as of last week it already was operating 1,614 scooters in the city. The company says that in its first 30 days of operation, it recorded 95,418 trips by 32,211 individual riders covering 143,725 miles -- an average of about a mile and a half per ride. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a little context, Bird's ridership in its first 30 days averaged about 3,200 trips a day -- and close to 5,000 a day by last week. San Francisco transportation officials estimated the number of daily trips in the city by all modes last year at 4.1 million. That estimate includes 1.6 million trips a day by private cars, including 155,000 by Uber and Lyft. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bird and its current scooter competitors in the city -- Spin and LimeBike -- all say their vehicles could be an important part of reducing traffic congestion and helping San Francisco realize its long-term goals of dramatically reducing car trips and greenhouse gas emissions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bird says it wants the city to adopt what it calls \"dynamic caps\" for scooter fleets -- essentially by letting companies determine the number of vehicles they deploy by user demand. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would look at how much the users are using each vehicle,\" Estrada said. \"The way we think is the right way to do it is to cap the supply such that you don't add more supply unless your fleet of scooters is being utilized on average three rides per day per scooter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A LimeBike spokesman said the firm will issue a response to the SFMTA proposal on Friday. Spin said it's reviewing the proposal and \"deferring to SFMTA.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulation and permit process is the city's response to complaints that arose after the three companies launched the mini-vehicles without notice last month. Complaints have centered on users riding illegally on sidewalks and haphazardly parked scooters obstructing sidewalks. The city's Public Works agency says it has seized about 350 improperly parked scooters over the last 10 days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Attorney Dennis Herrera last week sent Spin, Bird and LimeBike cease-and-desist letters, and the firms face a deadline next Monday to file reports on what they're doing to end careless and/or illegal behavior by riders. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three companies have vowed to act on the problems the city has raised. Bird's Estrada said concerns about sidewalk-riding and sloppy parking can be addressed through public safety and rider education campaigns -- while still allowing large numbers of scooters to be deployed. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All of that is solvable,\" Estrada said. \"The way we're not going to solve it is if we simply and reflexively cap the number of vehicles. All that's going to do is slow down something that's shown a lot of promise for taking cars off the road.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFMTA's Jamie Parks told a Board of Supervisors hearing last week that one of the agency's main goals in developing regulations was to understand how the scooters are being used -- whether, for instance, they're actually replacing trips taken by Uber and Lyft. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To accomplish that, the SFMTA's proposed permit rules for the 24-month pilot would require companies to share detailed data about how and when the scooters are used. The agency would also require the companies to have fare plans for low-income riders and adopt policies on user education privacy of user data. The firms would also need agree to operate in approved service areas and provide proof of insurance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parks said in an email Wednesday that the proposed cap of 500 scooters per permit -- a total of 2,500 citywide --could be raised if the 24-month pilot proves successful. The SFMTA estimates that a total of 2,000 to 2,500 scooters from the three firms are currently on the street. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11664465/san-joaquin-county-sheriff-stripped-of-role-in-death-investigations\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">San Joaquin County Sheriff Stripped of Role in Death Investigations\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Joaquin County Sheriff-Coroner Steve Moore is being stripped of his role in death investigations. County supervisors will establish a medical examiner’s office headed by a licensed forensic pathologist.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Julie Small \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11664390/time-to-end-the-medical-marijuana-drug-test-oakland-lawmaker-pushes-for-new-state-law\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland Assemblyman's Bill Would Provide Workplace Protections for Medical Cannabis Users\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When cannabis was made legal in California, managers and their employees raised an important question: Can people still be fired for failing a drug test? The answer is yes, but one state lawmaker wants to curb that practice, by proposing a bill that would make it illegal to fire someone or deny employment based on a drug test that turns up positive for medical marijuana.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Allen Young\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Facebook Discloses How Censorship Decisions are Made\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How does Facebook decide to remove a post for hate speech or bullying? What about a photo that shows a woman’s breast? Now, for the first time, we know.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Sam Harnett \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Leandro High School Students Discuss Masculinity and Gender Norms\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As part of KQED's Youth Takeover project, we talk with San Leandro High School students about their project on masculinity.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: John Sepulvado\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11664465/san-joaquin-county-sheriff-stripped-of-role-in-death-investigations\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">San Joaquin County Sheriff Stripped of Role in Death Investigations\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Joaquin County Sheriff-Coroner Steve Moore is being stripped of his role in death investigations. County supervisors will establish a medical examiner’s office headed by a licensed forensic pathologist.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Julie Small \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11664390/time-to-end-the-medical-marijuana-drug-test-oakland-lawmaker-pushes-for-new-state-law\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland Assemblyman's Bill Would Provide Workplace Protections for Medical Cannabis Users\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When cannabis was made legal in California, managers and their employees raised an important question: Can people still be fired for failing a drug test? The answer is yes, but one state lawmaker wants to curb that practice, by proposing a bill that would make it illegal to fire someone or deny employment based on a drug test that turns up positive for medical marijuana.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Allen Young\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Facebook Discloses How Censorship Decisions are Made\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How does Facebook decide to remove a post for hate speech or bullying? What about a photo that shows a woman’s breast? Now, for the first time, we know.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Sam Harnett \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Leandro High School Students Discuss Masculinity and Gender Norms\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As part of KQED's Youth Takeover project, we talk with San Leandro High School students about their project on masculinity.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: John Sepulvado\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Facebook Updates Community Standards, Expands Appeals Process",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facebook announced changes to its content review policy Tuesday, adding an appeals process for removed content and releasing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/communitystandards#attacks-on-public-figures\">internal guidelines\u003c/a> it relies on to make content determinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the social media giant has listed a set of publicly available community standards for several years, the latest update includes the more detailed guidelines that content reviewers use internally when deciding whether to allow or remove posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The updated \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/04/comprehensive-community-standards/\">appeals process \u003c/a>will allow posters of removed photos, videos or posts to contest determinations they feel were wrongly made. Previously, appeals of community standards determinations were allowed only when a Facebook page, group or profile was removed entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been hesitant to reveal details of its content review policy in the past. But the company says Tuesday's announcement is part of its promise to \"do better\" and be more transparent about how it decides what stays up and what gets taken down. The changes come just weeks after CEO Mark Zuckerberg was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/10/601268117/facebook-founder-and-ceo-mark-zuckerberg-testifies-on-capitol-hill\">grilled on Capitol Hill\u003c/a> about Facebook's alleged censorship of conservative viewpoints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg was asked by multiple lawmakers during his marathon testimony about \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/15/602494594/facebook-admits-enforcement-error-in-how-it-handled-content-from-pro-trump-duo\">\"Diamond and Silk,\"\u003c/a> two pro-Trump commentators who claim Facebook intentionally limited their presence on the site because of their political views. Zuckerberg apologized, calling the situation an \"enforcement error\" on Facebook's part, but the controversy raised questions about what type of content Facebook restricts and how it makes those decisions. Diamond and Silk are themselves set to \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/hearing/full-committee-hearing-filtering-practices-of-social-media-platforms/\">testify before Congress\u003c/a> later this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Granular Standards\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The newly released standards are a stark departure from Facebook's prior guidance, which had been crafted to express the company's values and priorities in a way that did not overwhelm readers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've always had a set of community standards that the public can see,\" Facebook Vice President Monika Bickert told NPR's Steve Inskeep, \"but now we're actually explaining how we define those terms for our review teams and how we enforce those policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those new explanations are nothing if not comprehensive. They detail dozens of reasons posts can be removed and read more like the product of a team of lawyers than the words of an upstart tech company. The standards outline methods for categorizing content and provide specific definitions for terms like \"hate speech,\" \"terrorism\" and \"threats of violence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People define those things in different ways,\" Bickert said, \"and people who are using Facebook want to know how we define it and I think that's fair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/605107093/605176194\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some objectionable content is classified into tiers, with Facebook's response matching the severity of the violation. Other content is removed if it satisfies multiple conditions in a point-like system. A threat of violence, for example, can be deemed \"credible\" and removed if it provides a target and \"two or more of the following: location, timing, method.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, other standards target particular categories of offensive posts. Content that \"promotes, encourages, coordinates, or provides instructions\" for eating disorders or self-harm are specifically mentioned. And under its \"harassment\" section, Facebook says it will not tolerate claims that survivors of traumatic events are \"paid or employed to mislead people about their role in the event.\" Other standards prohibit advertising drugs, revealing the identities of undercover law enforcement officers, and depicting graphic violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Context Matters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When it comes to judging content, though, context is crucial. Facebook has been criticized in the past for its blundering approach to community moderation. In 2016, for example, the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/09/493267919/after-facebook-censors-iconic-photo-norwegian-newspaper-pushes-back\">reversed its decision\u003c/a> to remove a post containing the Pulitzer-winning \"napalm girl\" photo, which depicted a nude and burned child in the Vietnam War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bickert says that example proves that exceptions are needed for newsworthy and culturally significant content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook's updated standards now list some exceptions for depictions of adult nudity, including \"acts of protests,\" \"breast-feeding\" and \"post-mastectomy scarring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, questions remain over Facebook's content moderation program. Despite Zuckerberg's stated desire to use artificial intelligence to flag offensive content, the process remains very human. According to Bickert, the company has over 7,500 moderators who are stationed around the globe and work 24/7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But conversations with those moderators paint a much bleaker image of Facebook's processes than the one Bickert provides. In 2016, NPR's Aarti Shahani \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/17/495827410/from-hate-speech-to-fake-news-the-content-crisis-facing-mark-zuckerberg\">detailed a workforce\u003c/a> comprised primarily of subcontractors who are stationed in distant countries and asked to review large quantities of posts every shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not hard to imagine how someone located thousands of miles away, who grew up in a different culture, and who is under immense pressure to review as many posts as possible, might mess up.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Appeal of Appeals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Facebook is seeking to address that problem with its new appeals system. Now, if your post is removed for \"nudity, sexual activity, hate speech, or violence\" you will be presented with a chance to request a review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook promises that appeals will be reviewed within 24 hours by its Community Operations team. But it remains unclear what relationship the team has with Facebook and with its first-line reviewers. If appeals are reviewed under the same conditions that initial content decisions are made, the process may be nothing more than an empty gesture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook points out that the content review and appeals process is just one way to clean up your experience on the site. Users have the ability to unilaterally block, unfollow, or hide posts or posters they don't want to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the social media giant, it's a question of balance. Balance between free speech and user safety. Balance between curbing \"fake news\" and encouraging open political discourse. And balance between Facebook's obligation to serve as a steward of a welcoming environment and the realities of running a for-profit, publicly owned corporation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do try to allow as much speech as possible,\" Bickert said, \"and we know sometimes that might make people uncomfortable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook says that Tuesday's announcements are just one step in a continuous process of improvement and adjustment to its standards and policies. How much of an improvement this step represents remains to be seen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facebook announced changes to its content review policy Tuesday, adding an appeals process for removed content and releasing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/communitystandards#attacks-on-public-figures\">internal guidelines\u003c/a> it relies on to make content determinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the social media giant has listed a set of publicly available community standards for several years, the latest update includes the more detailed guidelines that content reviewers use internally when deciding whether to allow or remove posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The updated \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2018/04/comprehensive-community-standards/\">appeals process \u003c/a>will allow posters of removed photos, videos or posts to contest determinations they feel were wrongly made. Previously, appeals of community standards determinations were allowed only when a Facebook page, group or profile was removed entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been hesitant to reveal details of its content review policy in the past. But the company says Tuesday's announcement is part of its promise to \"do better\" and be more transparent about how it decides what stays up and what gets taken down. The changes come just weeks after CEO Mark Zuckerberg was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/10/601268117/facebook-founder-and-ceo-mark-zuckerberg-testifies-on-capitol-hill\">grilled on Capitol Hill\u003c/a> about Facebook's alleged censorship of conservative viewpoints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg was asked by multiple lawmakers during his marathon testimony about \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/15/602494594/facebook-admits-enforcement-error-in-how-it-handled-content-from-pro-trump-duo\">\"Diamond and Silk,\"\u003c/a> two pro-Trump commentators who claim Facebook intentionally limited their presence on the site because of their political views. Zuckerberg apologized, calling the situation an \"enforcement error\" on Facebook's part, but the controversy raised questions about what type of content Facebook restricts and how it makes those decisions. Diamond and Silk are themselves set to \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/hearing/full-committee-hearing-filtering-practices-of-social-media-platforms/\">testify before Congress\u003c/a> later this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Granular Standards\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The newly released standards are a stark departure from Facebook's prior guidance, which had been crafted to express the company's values and priorities in a way that did not overwhelm readers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've always had a set of community standards that the public can see,\" Facebook Vice President Monika Bickert told NPR's Steve Inskeep, \"but now we're actually explaining how we define those terms for our review teams and how we enforce those policies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those new explanations are nothing if not comprehensive. They detail dozens of reasons posts can be removed and read more like the product of a team of lawyers than the words of an upstart tech company. The standards outline methods for categorizing content and provide specific definitions for terms like \"hate speech,\" \"terrorism\" and \"threats of violence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People define those things in different ways,\" Bickert said, \"and people who are using Facebook want to know how we define it and I think that's fair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/605107093/605176194\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some objectionable content is classified into tiers, with Facebook's response matching the severity of the violation. Other content is removed if it satisfies multiple conditions in a point-like system. A threat of violence, for example, can be deemed \"credible\" and removed if it provides a target and \"two or more of the following: location, timing, method.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, other standards target particular categories of offensive posts. Content that \"promotes, encourages, coordinates, or provides instructions\" for eating disorders or self-harm are specifically mentioned. And under its \"harassment\" section, Facebook says it will not tolerate claims that survivors of traumatic events are \"paid or employed to mislead people about their role in the event.\" Other standards prohibit advertising drugs, revealing the identities of undercover law enforcement officers, and depicting graphic violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Context Matters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When it comes to judging content, though, context is crucial. Facebook has been criticized in the past for its blundering approach to community moderation. In 2016, for example, the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/09/493267919/after-facebook-censors-iconic-photo-norwegian-newspaper-pushes-back\">reversed its decision\u003c/a> to remove a post containing the Pulitzer-winning \"napalm girl\" photo, which depicted a nude and burned child in the Vietnam War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bickert says that example proves that exceptions are needed for newsworthy and culturally significant content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook's updated standards now list some exceptions for depictions of adult nudity, including \"acts of protests,\" \"breast-feeding\" and \"post-mastectomy scarring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, questions remain over Facebook's content moderation program. Despite Zuckerberg's stated desire to use artificial intelligence to flag offensive content, the process remains very human. According to Bickert, the company has over 7,500 moderators who are stationed around the globe and work 24/7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But conversations with those moderators paint a much bleaker image of Facebook's processes than the one Bickert provides. In 2016, NPR's Aarti Shahani \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/17/495827410/from-hate-speech-to-fake-news-the-content-crisis-facing-mark-zuckerberg\">detailed a workforce\u003c/a> comprised primarily of subcontractors who are stationed in distant countries and asked to review large quantities of posts every shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not hard to imagine how someone located thousands of miles away, who grew up in a different culture, and who is under immense pressure to review as many posts as possible, might mess up.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Appeal of Appeals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Facebook is seeking to address that problem with its new appeals system. Now, if your post is removed for \"nudity, sexual activity, hate speech, or violence\" you will be presented with a chance to request a review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook promises that appeals will be reviewed within 24 hours by its Community Operations team. But it remains unclear what relationship the team has with Facebook and with its first-line reviewers. If appeals are reviewed under the same conditions that initial content decisions are made, the process may be nothing more than an empty gesture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook points out that the content review and appeals process is just one way to clean up your experience on the site. Users have the ability to unilaterally block, unfollow, or hide posts or posters they don't want to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the social media giant, it's a question of balance. Balance between free speech and user safety. Balance between curbing \"fake news\" and encouraging open political discourse. And balance between Facebook's obligation to serve as a steward of a welcoming environment and the realities of running a for-profit, publicly owned corporation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We do try to allow as much speech as possible,\" Bickert said, \"and we know sometimes that might make people uncomfortable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook says that Tuesday's announcements are just one step in a continuous process of improvement and adjustment to its standards and policies. How much of an improvement this step represents remains to be seen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>During the stressful teen years, most adolescents experience emotional highs and lows, but for more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.nami.org/learn-more/mental-health-by-the-numbers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">20 percent\u003c/a> of teenagers, their worries and sad feelings turn into something more serious, like anxiety or depression. \u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/content/349/bmj.g5954\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Studies\u003c/a> show that 13 percent to 18 percent of distressed teens physically injure themselves via cutting, burning or other forms of self-harm as a way to cope with their pain.[contextly_sidebar id=”DrtrOIrhwdXvJWg13P3oHysKbwZZeMlt”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent research and clinical psychologists now suggest that some adolescents are engaging in a newer form of self-aggression — \u003ca href=\"http://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X(17)30313-0/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">digital self-harm\u003c/a>. They’re anonymously posting mean and derogatory comments about themselves on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child psychologist \u003ca href=\"http://denverchildtherapy.com/about-us/sheryl-ziegler/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sheryl Gonzalez-Ziegler\u003c/a> of Denver says it’s a growing problem among teens whom she counsels. One recent client, an adolescent girl, told Gonzalez-Ziegler that she anonymously cyberbullied herself because, as a gay teen, she felt vulnerable and exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She set up ghost accounts on Instagram and posted mean comments about herself, saying things like, ‘I think you’re creepy and gay’ and ‘Don’t sit next to me again,’ ” Ziegler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said these things because she feared being mocked by her peers,” the psychologist explains. “She thought their teasing wouldn’t be so bad if she beat them to the punch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a survey \u003ca href=\"http://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X(17)30313-0/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published\u003c/a> late last year in the \u003cem>Journal of Adolescent Health\u003c/em>, teens are bullying themselves online as a way to manage feelings of sadness and self-hatred and to gain attention from their friends. For the study, 5,593 middle and high school students from across the U.S., ages 12 to 17, completed a series of questionnaires that asked about their experiences with digital self-harm and cyberbullying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”HCX9vH8V4cXCVb46T0BO94RkguEqSp86″]”We were alarmed to learn that 6 percent of the youth who participated in our study engaged in some form of digital self-harm,” says \u003ca href=\"http://hinduja.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sameer Hinduja\u003c/a>, co-author of the study and a professor of criminology at Florida Atlantic University. He is also the co-director of the \u003ca href=\"https://cyberbullying.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cyberbullying Research Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hinduja and a colleague found that more than half the teens who cyberbullied themselves had done so more than once. When asked why they had participated in this behavior, the teens said things like, “I already felt bad about myself, and I wanted to make myself feel worse” and “I wanted to see if someone was really my friend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psychologists have seen inklings of this type of self-aggression before. In a smaller, \u003ca href=\"https://webhost.bridgew.edu/marc/DIGITAL%20SELF%20HARM%20report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2012\u003c/a> study of 617 high school freshmen, researchers found that 9 percent of the teens had bullied themselves online. Teens who participated in that study reported harming themselves as a way to encourage others to worry about them, to prove how “tough” they were or to get an adult’s attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”4WLViXQpKTG5m375AY6olZ1s9VjHu8hm”]”Because teens’ online and offline worlds overlap, digital self-harm is a concern for some youth, making online self-harm an emerging area of research,” says, \u003ca href=\"https://cehs.unl.edu/edpsych/faculty/susan-swearer/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Susan Swearer\u003c/a>, a professor of psychology at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln who also studies bullying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2664031\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statistical analysis\u003c/a> by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of more than a decade’s worth of emergency room visits in the U.S. suggests that since 2009, the number of girls ages 10 to 14 years who are physically harming themselves has been rising steadily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.apa.org/monitor/2015/07-08/who-self-injures.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the American Psychological Association\u003c/a>, teens who physically injure themselves often struggle with depression, post-traumatic stress disorder or difficulties with emotional regulation. Not all adolescents who cyberbully themselves have a psychiatric illness, Ziegler notes, but that doesn’t mean their behavior should be taken lightly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Similar to teens who self-harm by cutting, kids who cyberbully themselves often suffer silently, feeling like they don’t have a friend or adult to confide in,” says Ziegler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If these teens don’t receive mental health treatment, she says, their feelings of loneliness and sadness can cause them to become depressed and, in rare cases, suicidal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the advent of social media has changed the way many teens form and experience relationships, normal adolescent feelings of insecurity, anxiety and loneliness can become magnified as they scroll through their peers’ social media reels. Hinduja says some teens cope with that distress by turning their angst on themselves online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some parents are quick to limit a teen’s social media use in response, that doesn’t adequately address the problem, Hinduja says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the best thing parents can do is to promote open, nonjudgmental lines of communication with their kids,” he says. “Validating a teen’s experience can encourage them to confide in adults about their distressing experiences — offline or online.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+Teens+Cyberbully+Themselves&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>During the stressful teen years, most adolescents experience emotional highs and lows, but for more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.nami.org/learn-more/mental-health-by-the-numbers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">20 percent\u003c/a> of teenagers, their worries and sad feelings turn into something more serious, like anxiety or depression. \u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/content/349/bmj.g5954\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Studies\u003c/a> show that 13 percent to 18 percent of distressed teens physically injure themselves via cutting, burning or other forms of self-harm as a way to cope with their pain.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent research and clinical psychologists now suggest that some adolescents are engaging in a newer form of self-aggression — \u003ca href=\"http://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X(17)30313-0/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">digital self-harm\u003c/a>. They’re anonymously posting mean and derogatory comments about themselves on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Child psychologist \u003ca href=\"http://denverchildtherapy.com/about-us/sheryl-ziegler/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sheryl Gonzalez-Ziegler\u003c/a> of Denver says it’s a growing problem among teens whom she counsels. One recent client, an adolescent girl, told Gonzalez-Ziegler that she anonymously cyberbullied herself because, as a gay teen, she felt vulnerable and exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She set up ghost accounts on Instagram and posted mean comments about herself, saying things like, ‘I think you’re creepy and gay’ and ‘Don’t sit next to me again,’ ” Ziegler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said these things because she feared being mocked by her peers,” the psychologist explains. “She thought their teasing wouldn’t be so bad if she beat them to the punch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a survey \u003ca href=\"http://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X(17)30313-0/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published\u003c/a> late last year in the \u003cem>Journal of Adolescent Health\u003c/em>, teens are bullying themselves online as a way to manage feelings of sadness and self-hatred and to gain attention from their friends. For the study, 5,593 middle and high school students from across the U.S., ages 12 to 17, completed a series of questionnaires that asked about their experiences with digital self-harm and cyberbullying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>”We were alarmed to learn that 6 percent of the youth who participated in our study engaged in some form of digital self-harm,” says \u003ca href=\"http://hinduja.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sameer Hinduja\u003c/a>, co-author of the study and a professor of criminology at Florida Atlantic University. He is also the co-director of the \u003ca href=\"https://cyberbullying.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cyberbullying Research Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hinduja and a colleague found that more than half the teens who cyberbullied themselves had done so more than once. When asked why they had participated in this behavior, the teens said things like, “I already felt bad about myself, and I wanted to make myself feel worse” and “I wanted to see if someone was really my friend.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psychologists have seen inklings of this type of self-aggression before. In a smaller, \u003ca href=\"https://webhost.bridgew.edu/marc/DIGITAL%20SELF%20HARM%20report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2012\u003c/a> study of 617 high school freshmen, researchers found that 9 percent of the teens had bullied themselves online. Teens who participated in that study reported harming themselves as a way to encourage others to worry about them, to prove how “tough” they were or to get an adult’s attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>”Because teens’ online and offline worlds overlap, digital self-harm is a concern for some youth, making online self-harm an emerging area of research,” says, \u003ca href=\"https://cehs.unl.edu/edpsych/faculty/susan-swearer/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Susan Swearer\u003c/a>, a professor of psychology at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln who also studies bullying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2664031\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statistical analysis\u003c/a> by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of more than a decade’s worth of emergency room visits in the U.S. suggests that since 2009, the number of girls ages 10 to 14 years who are physically harming themselves has been rising steadily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.apa.org/monitor/2015/07-08/who-self-injures.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the American Psychological Association\u003c/a>, teens who physically injure themselves often struggle with depression, post-traumatic stress disorder or difficulties with emotional regulation. Not all adolescents who cyberbully themselves have a psychiatric illness, Ziegler notes, but that doesn’t mean their behavior should be taken lightly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Similar to teens who self-harm by cutting, kids who cyberbully themselves often suffer silently, feeling like they don’t have a friend or adult to confide in,” says Ziegler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If these teens don’t receive mental health treatment, she says, their feelings of loneliness and sadness can cause them to become depressed and, in rare cases, suicidal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the advent of social media has changed the way many teens form and experience relationships, normal adolescent feelings of insecurity, anxiety and loneliness can become magnified as they scroll through their peers’ social media reels. Hinduja says some teens cope with that distress by turning their angst on themselves online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some parents are quick to limit a teen’s social media use in response, that doesn’t adequately address the problem, Hinduja says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the best thing parents can do is to promote open, nonjudgmental lines of communication with their kids,” he says. “Validating a teen’s experience can encourage them to confide in adults about their distressing experiences — offline or online.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+Teens+Cyberbully+Themselves&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Techno-utopianism, an ideology based on the premise that advances in science and technology will eventually bring about a utopia, has been a part of Silicon Valley’s DNA since the hippies from the LSD-fueled \u003ca href=\"https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/acid-tests-turn-50-wavy-gravy-merry-prankster-ken-babbs-look-back-20151130\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Acid Test\u003c/a> days got into computers and online networking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford professor Fred Turner has dedicated \u003ca href=\"http://fredturner.stanford.edu/books/from-counterculture-to-cyberculture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a whole book\u003c/a> to tracing how the area’s pro-technology ideology grew out of the counterculture and back-to-the-land movements of the late 1960s. Since then, internet companies have benefited from a belief that technological advancements are inherently positive for society, and that technology is neither good nor bad, just a tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, some of those who have worked in the tech industry are challenging this idea and criticizing the tools they helped create. Former Google ethicist \u003ca href=\"http://www.tristanharris.com/essays/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tristan Harris\u003c/a> and technology pioneers like \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/nov/12/jaron-lanier-book-dawn-new-everything-interview-virtual-reality\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jaron Lanier\u003c/a> are calling attention to problems like social media echo chambers, digital addiction, personal data collection and the spread of false information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guillaume Chaslot is one of the latest former employees speaking out. Chaslot began working for YouTube in 2010. These days, he says he’s trying to help people understand how the website recommends videos. Chaslot claims the site’s algorithm often ends up promoting videos filled with falsities and conspiracy theories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Bug in the System\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11663601\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11663601\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-1920x1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Guillaume Chaslot used to work on YouTube’s recommendation algorithm. Now he’s trying to show the public how that algorithm works. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before becoming a programmer, Chaslot studied physics. In college he decided to switch to computer science, believing the advances in artificial intelligence could have positive impacts on humanity\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went into computer science and did a Ph.D. on the most complex topic I could find,” he says. “Which was the game of Go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decade ago, Chaslot says, computers were not sophisticated enough to master the Asian board game. Today, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/computer-beats-go-champion-for-first-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">computers can crush\u003c/a> even the best human opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chaslot graduated and got a job at YouTube. In 2010, he began working on algorithms that recommended videos, and at first the experience, he says, was great. He was paid well and worked alongside very smart co-workers. But he also noticed something deeply unsettling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The platform YouTube was, Chaslot found, filled with videos that supported theories about everything from the earth being flat to vaccines causing illness. Not only was the website a home for this kind of content, Chaslot said, but the algorithms he was working on and the advertising model driving those algorithms were actually promoting the material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was an awakening for Chaslot. He began to feel the collective brain power he was attracted to at YouTube was being used to contribute to the proliferation of flat-earth and anti-vaccine videos. So he decided to work on ways to solve the problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was very optimistic,” Chaslot says. “I was like, ‘I am just going to propose solutions.’ They would see they could work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he told his manager that he wanted to develop algorithms that shook people out of filter bubbles and echo chambers of misinformation. But Chaslot says his manager told him it wasn’t a good idea to work on that. He decided to pursue the project anyway. Shortly after that, Chaslot says, he was fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In Search of Transparency\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Chaslot was fired, he did some work for some smaller tech companies, but he couldn’t let the issue at YouTube go. So he eventually started \u003ca href=\"https://algotransparency.org/?candidat=is%20the%20earth%20flat%20or%20round?&file=ytrecos-science-2018-04-01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AlgoTransparency\u003c/a>. It’s a website that shows people what videos Youtube’s algorithms recommend most often. It has sections dedicated to topics like mass shootings, elections and science — topics that Chaslot says often have problematic videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to his analysis, “Is the earth flat or round?” is one of the searches \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyAh9OENJPU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most favored by the recommendation algorithm. \u003c/a>Chaslot said he thinks these kinds of conspiracy videos resonate with some people because they feel like they are using YouTube to access some secret truth the powers-that-be aren’t disclosing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think that everybody else is lying, you are going to spend all your time on YouTube,” he says. “For the algorithm it’s a super-cool win.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spending so much time on YouTube is a win for the company, Chaslot says. The more time you spend on the platform, the more advertising revenue is made for the site and those who create the videos — some of whom may not even believe what they’re making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the incentive is not to produce better-quality content, content that will help people,” Chaslot says, “but content that will help them spend more time online.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rewiring the Algorithm\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A YouTube spokesperson says the recommendation algorithm has changed since Chaslot left. Now it’s less about maximizing the time people spend on the platform, and instead focuses on how “satisfied” people are by measuring a range of things, including likes, dislikes and shares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For viewers, though, it’s still a mystery. Chaslot says they don’t know how YouTube analyzes their behavior and uses their behavior to target advertising and content. Chaslot wants to make the inner workings more transparent to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Working on Youtube’s algorithm, I realized there are a lot of things that people don’t understand about artificial intelligence,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AI is all over the internet, Chaslot says, influencing your behavior, manipulating you in ways you don’t realize. It’s dictating everything from the posts you see on Facebook and Twitter to the videos recommended on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chaslot is now preparing to analyze videos uploaded around the midterm elections, when YouTube is bound to be filled with political propaganda, videos smearing candidates and all manner of narrators spreading dubious “facts.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Techno-utopianism, an ideology based on the premise that advances in science and technology will eventually bring about a utopia, has been a part of Silicon Valley’s DNA since the hippies from the LSD-fueled \u003ca href=\"https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/acid-tests-turn-50-wavy-gravy-merry-prankster-ken-babbs-look-back-20151130\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Acid Test\u003c/a> days got into computers and online networking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford professor Fred Turner has dedicated \u003ca href=\"http://fredturner.stanford.edu/books/from-counterculture-to-cyberculture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a whole book\u003c/a> to tracing how the area’s pro-technology ideology grew out of the counterculture and back-to-the-land movements of the late 1960s. Since then, internet companies have benefited from a belief that technological advancements are inherently positive for society, and that technology is neither good nor bad, just a tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, some of those who have worked in the tech industry are challenging this idea and criticizing the tools they helped create. Former Google ethicist \u003ca href=\"http://www.tristanharris.com/essays/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tristan Harris\u003c/a> and technology pioneers like \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/nov/12/jaron-lanier-book-dawn-new-everything-interview-virtual-reality\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jaron Lanier\u003c/a> are calling attention to problems like social media echo chambers, digital addiction, personal data collection and the spread of false information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guillaume Chaslot is one of the latest former employees speaking out. Chaslot began working for YouTube in 2010. These days, he says he’s trying to help people understand how the website recommends videos. Chaslot claims the site’s algorithm often ends up promoting videos filled with falsities and conspiracy theories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Bug in the System\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11663601\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11663601\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-1920x1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/IMG_2835-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Guillaume Chaslot used to work on YouTube’s recommendation algorithm. Now he’s trying to show the public how that algorithm works. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before becoming a programmer, Chaslot studied physics. In college he decided to switch to computer science, believing the advances in artificial intelligence could have positive impacts on humanity\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went into computer science and did a Ph.D. on the most complex topic I could find,” he says. “Which was the game of Go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decade ago, Chaslot says, computers were not sophisticated enough to master the Asian board game. Today, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/computer-beats-go-champion-for-first-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">computers can crush\u003c/a> even the best human opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chaslot graduated and got a job at YouTube. In 2010, he began working on algorithms that recommended videos, and at first the experience, he says, was great. He was paid well and worked alongside very smart co-workers. But he also noticed something deeply unsettling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The platform YouTube was, Chaslot found, filled with videos that supported theories about everything from the earth being flat to vaccines causing illness. Not only was the website a home for this kind of content, Chaslot said, but the algorithms he was working on and the advertising model driving those algorithms were actually promoting the material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was an awakening for Chaslot. He began to feel the collective brain power he was attracted to at YouTube was being used to contribute to the proliferation of flat-earth and anti-vaccine videos. So he decided to work on ways to solve the problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was very optimistic,” Chaslot says. “I was like, ‘I am just going to propose solutions.’ They would see they could work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he told his manager that he wanted to develop algorithms that shook people out of filter bubbles and echo chambers of misinformation. But Chaslot says his manager told him it wasn’t a good idea to work on that. He decided to pursue the project anyway. Shortly after that, Chaslot says, he was fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In Search of Transparency\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Chaslot was fired, he did some work for some smaller tech companies, but he couldn’t let the issue at YouTube go. So he eventually started \u003ca href=\"https://algotransparency.org/?candidat=is%20the%20earth%20flat%20or%20round?&file=ytrecos-science-2018-04-01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AlgoTransparency\u003c/a>. It’s a website that shows people what videos Youtube’s algorithms recommend most often. It has sections dedicated to topics like mass shootings, elections and science — topics that Chaslot says often have problematic videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to his analysis, “Is the earth flat or round?” is one of the searches \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyAh9OENJPU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most favored by the recommendation algorithm. \u003c/a>Chaslot said he thinks these kinds of conspiracy videos resonate with some people because they feel like they are using YouTube to access some secret truth the powers-that-be aren’t disclosing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think that everybody else is lying, you are going to spend all your time on YouTube,” he says. “For the algorithm it’s a super-cool win.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spending so much time on YouTube is a win for the company, Chaslot says. The more time you spend on the platform, the more advertising revenue is made for the site and those who create the videos — some of whom may not even believe what they’re making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the incentive is not to produce better-quality content, content that will help people,” Chaslot says, “but content that will help them spend more time online.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rewiring the Algorithm\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A YouTube spokesperson says the recommendation algorithm has changed since Chaslot left. Now it’s less about maximizing the time people spend on the platform, and instead focuses on how “satisfied” people are by measuring a range of things, including likes, dislikes and shares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For viewers, though, it’s still a mystery. Chaslot says they don’t know how YouTube analyzes their behavior and uses their behavior to target advertising and content. Chaslot wants to make the inner workings more transparent to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Working on Youtube’s algorithm, I realized there are a lot of things that people don’t understand about artificial intelligence,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AI is all over the internet, Chaslot says, influencing your behavior, manipulating you in ways you don’t realize. It’s dictating everything from the posts you see on Facebook and Twitter to the videos recommended on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chaslot is now preparing to analyze videos uploaded around the midterm elections, when YouTube is bound to be filled with political propaganda, videos smearing candidates and all manner of narrators spreading dubious “facts.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "First Group of Military Vets Graduate from Facebook Cybersecurity Course",
"title": "First Group of Military Vets Graduate from Facebook Cybersecurity Course",
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"content": "\u003cp>This Saturday marked graduation day for 33 former military men and women participating in Facebook's first-ever cybersecurity course for veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduate Kyle Gomez seemed amused by the contrast between Facebook's rooftop patio at its headquarters in Menlo Park -- with its modern furniture, scenic view and fancy spread -- and his four years in the Army.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They do a lot to retain their talent,\" Gomez says of the trappings of the tech industry, \"versus the Army where it's like, 'I want you to stand at this guard post and then think about what you want to do for the next 12 hours.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the lonely nights with his laptop that sparked Gomez's interest in computer science and brought the current De Anza Community College student, and nearly three dozen of his fellow veterans, to \u003ca href=\"https://fbcodepath.splashthat.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook Cybersecurity University\u003c/a>, which was created in collaboration with \u003ca href=\"https://codepath.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Codepath\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students, who all had to have some background in IT or computer science, met every Saturday for seven hours for 12 weeks, learning the basics of cybersecurity, like trying to hack into systems to learn their vulnerabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Cary came to the graduation ceremony to cheer on his identical twin brother, Andy, who enlisted in the Army at 17, without telling him first, he complains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My reaction was, 'Why?!' \" Brian says. \"We don't come from a military family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The boys grew up tinkering with technology together alongside their other, slightly older brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I built my own computer before I could drive,\" Andy says. For Andy, the Army was a place to form his own identity, while getting work experience right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Andy spent a year in Iraq and three stateside as a communications specialist, \"the AT&T of the operation,\" the 34-year old Carys are once again following a similar path in IT. Brian is a software engineer at Marin Software, and Andy now works in IT for Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Andy says working at Stanford could be a dream job if made permanent, the cybersecurity workshop gave him a crash course into other, more urgently needed skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ultimately, it's such a broad and deep field, you can't be an expert in everything. But this was really good exposure,\" Andy says. \"I see myself continuing with learning on my own with the long-term vision of getting into cybersecurity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courtney Kivernagel was one of a handful of women at the event. She says the camp was \"amazing\" and revealed a grit and tenacity she didn't know she had, not even after six years in the Air Force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was harder than basic training in some aspects,\" Kivernagel says, \"just because some of the problems they threw out at you... [They were like,] 'Into the deep end, here you go.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kivernagel hopes the training will help land her a job in the new battleground of cybersecurity. It's one Facebook, which has been the target of much criticism over its role in facilitating Russian interference in the elections, knows well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook's Head of Information Security Programs and Operations Betsy Bevilacqua says the company is doing its part to train specialists to take on future cyberthreats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Not just for Facebook, but also for the broader cybersecurity community,\" Bevilacqua says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bevilacqua says the cybersecurity industry is facing a shortage of 1.5 million professionals over the next two years.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This Saturday marked graduation day for 33 former military men and women participating in Facebook's first-ever cybersecurity course for veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduate Kyle Gomez seemed amused by the contrast between Facebook's rooftop patio at its headquarters in Menlo Park -- with its modern furniture, scenic view and fancy spread -- and his four years in the Army.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They do a lot to retain their talent,\" Gomez says of the trappings of the tech industry, \"versus the Army where it's like, 'I want you to stand at this guard post and then think about what you want to do for the next 12 hours.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the lonely nights with his laptop that sparked Gomez's interest in computer science and brought the current De Anza Community College student, and nearly three dozen of his fellow veterans, to \u003ca href=\"https://fbcodepath.splashthat.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook Cybersecurity University\u003c/a>, which was created in collaboration with \u003ca href=\"https://codepath.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Codepath\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students, who all had to have some background in IT or computer science, met every Saturday for seven hours for 12 weeks, learning the basics of cybersecurity, like trying to hack into systems to learn their vulnerabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Cary came to the graduation ceremony to cheer on his identical twin brother, Andy, who enlisted in the Army at 17, without telling him first, he complains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My reaction was, 'Why?!' \" Brian says. \"We don't come from a military family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The boys grew up tinkering with technology together alongside their other, slightly older brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I built my own computer before I could drive,\" Andy says. For Andy, the Army was a place to form his own identity, while getting work experience right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Andy spent a year in Iraq and three stateside as a communications specialist, \"the AT&T of the operation,\" the 34-year old Carys are once again following a similar path in IT. Brian is a software engineer at Marin Software, and Andy now works in IT for Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Andy says working at Stanford could be a dream job if made permanent, the cybersecurity workshop gave him a crash course into other, more urgently needed skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ultimately, it's such a broad and deep field, you can't be an expert in everything. But this was really good exposure,\" Andy says. \"I see myself continuing with learning on my own with the long-term vision of getting into cybersecurity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courtney Kivernagel was one of a handful of women at the event. She says the camp was \"amazing\" and revealed a grit and tenacity she didn't know she had, not even after six years in the Air Force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was harder than basic training in some aspects,\" Kivernagel says, \"just because some of the problems they threw out at you... [They were like,] 'Into the deep end, here you go.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kivernagel hopes the training will help land her a job in the new battleground of cybersecurity. It's one Facebook, which has been the target of much criticism over its role in facilitating Russian interference in the elections, knows well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook's Head of Information Security Programs and Operations Betsy Bevilacqua says the company is doing its part to train specialists to take on future cyberthreats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Not just for Facebook, but also for the broader cybersecurity community,\" Bevilacqua says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bevilacqua says the cybersecurity industry is facing a shortage of 1.5 million professionals over the next two years.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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