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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Palo Alto, where campervans and RVs line El Camino Real next to Stanford University, a city rule mandates that people move vehicles on public roads every three days — and at least a half-mile away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes my curiosity gets the best of me, and I start knocking on doors. That’s what happened when I spotted a campervan near the KQED building in San Francisco’s Mission District. The door creaked open and a middle-aged man’s face peaked out. I asked if we could chat about living in his campervan in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Happy to oblige, he shared his story of being a cook in a nearby restaurant, using the bicycle locked to a tree near the RV to get to and from work, and carrying his work clothes in a backpack. He said he was doing fine in his home on wheels. He said other restaurant workers he knew were doing the same thing: living in motor homes while working in the service industry’s relatively low-wage jobs that put the region’s high rents out of reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the spark for me to check in with those living in a line of vehicles consistently parked curbside on El Camino in Palo Alto, where many RVs are parked right next to Stanford University. I started knocking on those doors, assuming the residents of the RVs were graduate students or university staff unable to afford expensive Palo Alto rents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s how I met Arturo Torres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He opened his door for me with a broad smile, and invited me into his RV. Sitting on his couch, he said he was happy to talk about his situation. It soon became clear that Torres, who has a townhome in Fresno where his wife and kids live (and whom he sees on the weekends), does not see himself as a car dweller or homeless. He sees himself as a commuter, who comes to work in the Bay Area as a painter because the pay is better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to his story via the big red play button at the top.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11751193\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11751193\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RV-Living-Silicon-Valley-Palo-Alto-Fresno-Campervans-Boots-qut-800x732.jpg\" alt=\"Arturo Torres sits in his RV in Palo Alto. His family and home are in Fresno, but he lives and works during the week in Palo Alto, where the pay is better.\" width=\"800\" height=\"732\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RV-Living-Silicon-Valley-Palo-Alto-Fresno-Campervans-Boots-qut-800x732.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RV-Living-Silicon-Valley-Palo-Alto-Fresno-Campervans-Boots-qut-160x146.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RV-Living-Silicon-Valley-Palo-Alto-Fresno-Campervans-Boots-qut-1020x933.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RV-Living-Silicon-Valley-Palo-Alto-Fresno-Campervans-Boots-qut.jpg 1181w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arturo Torres’ boots sit by the door in his RV in Palo Alto. Torres’ family and home are in Fresno, but he lives and works during the week in Palo Alto, where the pay is better. \u003ccite>(Penny Nelson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Wildfire-Driven Power Blackouts: Coming This Year to a Community Near You?",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sept. 24, 2019\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he California Public Utilities Commission has adopted an expanded set of rules aimed at clarifying when the state’s big utilities can shut off power during times of high fire danger and what they need to do before they turn out your lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission voted unanimously in late May to approve the guidelines — detailed in \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M285/K881/285881527.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 118-page decision\u003c/a>. The five-membrer panel also approved the utilities’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11750455/what-you-need-to-know-about-pges-state-mandated-wildfire-mitigation-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">first-ever wildfire mitigation plans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The power shutoffs — a practice the regulatory world calls de-energization — have been used sparingly in the past as a tool to reduce the risk of electrical equipment touching off fires during exceedingly windy, dry, hot weather. The shutdowns are a technique pioneered by San Diego Gas and Electric Co. after its power lines ignited 2007’s Witch Fire, which killed two people and destroyed 1,100 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are questions and answers on how the public safety power shutoffs work and what the CPUC’s new guidelines will mean for utility customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]1[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>Who makes the decision to shut off power?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision rests solely in the hands of California’s three investor-owned utilities: PG&E, Southern California Edison and San Diego Gas and Electric. To assist in making the decision, each utility now maintains a special command center — PG&E’s is called a wildfire safety operations center — to assess weather data and reports from field personnel and begin the process of deciding when and where a power shutoff might be necessary. The emergency operations centers typically include engineering, safety and communications personnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]2[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>What conditions could prompt a public safety power shutoff? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no one standard for the three utilities that have been directed to develop shutoff plans. But the factors the utilities use involve an assessment of upcoming weather — a National Weather Service red-flag fire warning for hot, dry, windy weather, for instance — and conditions on the ground — such as topography and the moisture content of grass, brush and trees in areas the CPUC has identified as being at high risk for wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below is one example: SDG&E’s list of factors considered in shutting down power during a period of dangerous fire weather last November. Among them: a red-flag warning coupled with a warning of winds gusting up to 70 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6077000-SDG-E-November-2018-Shutoff-Factors.html\" responsive=true height=800]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]3[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>How do public safety power shutoffs affect people with disabilities and other vulnerable populations?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for those with disabilities have pointed out for years — in cases involving San Diego Gas and Electric, which began pre-emptive power shutoffs in 2013 — that their clients face a potentially life-threatening situation if their electricity is turned off. In a declaration filed in PG&E’s federal probation case earlier this year, Melissa Kasnitz, an attorney for Berkeley’s Center for Accessible Technology, summarized the dangers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Some people will lose access to medical equipment necessary for health and safety, such as home dialysis machines, nebulizers, or respirators. Some will lose the ability to power equipment they rely on for mobility, such as power wheelchairs. Some will face health risks if they lose the ability to regulate the temperature or environment in their homes. Some will lose access to vital (and expensive) medication if they lose access to refrigeration.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>While the CPUC’s de-energization decision recognizes the issue, it focuses on identifying and educating vulnerable individuals and making sure they’re notified in the event a power shutoff is imminent. The guidelines stop short of calling for steps to aid those who lose the use of medical equipment, saying that utilities should partner “with community-based organizations and other entities to develop plans in advance to ensure that needs can be met in the event of a power loss.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]4[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>Are there other major objections to the public safety power shutoffs? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The principal concern, voiced by the CPUC itself and many parties who have commented on its new rules, centers on the potential impact to public safety when power is cut off. A blackout would likely disable traffic signals and could interrupt the supply of electricity to police and fire stations. A loss of power could disrupt public water systems needed to fight fires and play havoc with emergency responders’ radio communications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC’s response has been to focus on identifying the full range of potential impacts and developing communication strategies so that all the agencies that might be affected by a power outage know well in advance and have developed contingency plans for the blackout period. Longer term, the commission is encouraging adoption of technology that will limit the extent of outages by allowing utilities to precisely target the areas where shutoffs may be needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]5[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>How will I find out if my utility is considering turning off the power because of extreme fire weather?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your utility has the primary responsibility for alerting emergency responders, other public safety-related agencies, local governments and customers that it is considering a public safety power shutoff. Under the CPUC’s new guidelines, the utilities will be required to give emergency responders and other high-priority groups and agencies between 48 and 72 hours’ notice that a shutdown is under consideration. The companies will need to give 24 to 48 hours’ warning to everyone else, including customers. The guidelines also require follow-up messages within one to four hours of a shutdown, when it’s occurring and again when the process of restoring power is underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online resources for each of the major utilities shutoff programs:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>PG&E:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en_US/safety/emergency-preparedness/natural-disaster/wildfires/public-safety-power-shutoff-faq.page\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Public Safety Power Shutoff\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Southern California Edison:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.sce.com/safety/wildfire/psps\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Latest on Public Safety Power Shutoffs\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>San Diego Gas & Electric:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.sdge.com/wildfire-safety/public-safety-power-shutoffs\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wildfire Safety: Power Shutoffs\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]6[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>Have past power shutoffs been effective in preventing wildfires?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to give a definitive answer, but the most persuasive evidence that de-energizing power lines may be effective in preventing catastrophic wildfires comes from San Diego Gas and Electric. According to data the company provided to the CPUC, its power facilities were involved in starting 175 fires from 2013 through 2018. Of those fires, just three were larger than 10 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers who have sued PG&E on behalf of Northern California wildfire victims have pointed out that the San Francisco-based utility’s equipment started 1,552 fires in a shorter time frame — 2014 through 2017 — with 68 of those blazes growing to larger than 10 acres. (PG&E has challenged the comparison, noting that its service area is 17 times larger than SDG&E’s and that its distribution and transmission line mileage is five times larger than that maintained by the San Diego utility.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bottom line: The CPUC’s decision declares that pre=emptive power shutdowns “can save lives” if coupled with tougher measures to keep trees and other vegetation away from electrical lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11751033\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-76412182-e1559198784751.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11751033\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-76412182-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E transmission lines like these in South San Francisco could be shut down during periods of extreme fire danger. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]7[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>How many people could lose electricity in a public safety power shutoff?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, power shutoffs have involved utilities’ local distribution circuits and have affected relatively small areas. San Diego Gas and Electric has conducted the most shutoffs. Six of the nine shutdowns the company has conducted since 2017 have involved fewer than 1,000 customers. SDG&E’s largest shutoff, last November, involved about 25,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When PG&E decided to pre-emptively shut down lines last Oct. 14, it targeted about 40 distribution circuits spread across Napa, Sonoma, Lake, El Dorado, Placer, Amador and Calaveras counties. The number of customers on each circuit varied from as few as 14 up to about 5,200, and about 60,000 customers in all lost power — which stands as the single-largest public safety power shutoff in California to date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the limited size of shutdowns could change this year, with PG&E announcing it will consider shutting down high-voltage transmission lines \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747485/cal-fires-official-finding-pge-equipment-touched-off-camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">like the one in Butte County\u003c/a> that touched off last November’s Camp Fire. In filing its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11724248/pge-unveils-wildfire-safety-plan-featuring-possible-large-scale-power-cutoffs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state-mandated wildfire mitigation plan\u003c/a> earlier this year, PG&E said de-energizing transmission lines could mean a loss of power anywhere in it 70,000-square-mile service area — even for cities like San Francisco and San Jose that face no immediate wildfire threat. Such a shutdown could also affect factories, airports and other facilities served directly by transmission lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC’s decision says that in the event a transmission line shutoff is being considered, utilities must inform the California Independent System Operator, which manages the state’s grid, as soon as possible. The power companies must also coordinate with regional and national agencies that provide grid reliability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]8[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>If there’s a public safety power shutoff, how long will I be without electricity?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Gas and Electric, the utility that has the most experience with power shutoffs, says blackouts in its service area have lasted from one minute — you read that right: 60 seconds — to six full days. A review of its biggest shutdown to date, which took place last November, shows that most of the 25,000 or so affected customers lost power for 30 to 48 hours; one circuit, with about 1,400 customers, was out for four days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In PG&E’s power shutdown last October, most of the 60,000 affected customers appear to have had the lights back on within 24 to 30 hours. Some were in the dark for a little more than two days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main reason for delays in restoring power comes from continuing dangerous fire conditions and the need for crews to inspect lines for damage and complete repairs when necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]9[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>All the food in my fridge spoiled because of a public safety power shutoff. Will the utilities pay?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is another “that depends” answer. San Diego Gas and Electric has a claims procedure and received 300 reports of losses in its November 2018 shutdown. About 220 of the claims were for food spoiled because of loss of refrigeration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E reported receiving 146 claims after its October 2018 shutoff — again, mostly for food losses. The company remarks in its report: “PG&E has stated publicly that because of the safety-related nature of (public safety power shutoff) events, customers will not be reimbursed for associated losses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]10[/dropcap] \u003cstrong>What changes are being considered in the way public safety power shutoffs are conducted?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission is due to review this year’s shutoffs and hear comment from the utilities, emergency operations officials, first responders and business and residential customers – among other stakeholders – about how the pre-emptive blackouts could be refined. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature is likely to at least try to make its voice heard, too. State Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, has introduced \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB378\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a bill\u003c/a> for the next session that would impose new rules on how the shutoffs are handled. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to concerns from both large and small businesses and public officials like San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo about the disruptive effects of pre-emptive blackouts, Wiener’s bill would require utilities to compensate customers and local governments for costs incurrred during the outages. The bill would also impose fines for every hour a public safety power shutoff is in place – a measure designed to ensure the utilities impose then only when necessary and not a step meant to avoid potential liability. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sept. 24, 2019\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>he California Public Utilities Commission has adopted an expanded set of rules aimed at clarifying when the state’s big utilities can shut off power during times of high fire danger and what they need to do before they turn out your lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission voted unanimously in late May to approve the guidelines — detailed in \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M285/K881/285881527.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 118-page decision\u003c/a>. The five-membrer panel also approved the utilities’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11750455/what-you-need-to-know-about-pges-state-mandated-wildfire-mitigation-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">first-ever wildfire mitigation plans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The power shutoffs — a practice the regulatory world calls de-energization — have been used sparingly in the past as a tool to reduce the risk of electrical equipment touching off fires during exceedingly windy, dry, hot weather. The shutdowns are a technique pioneered by San Diego Gas and Electric Co. after its power lines ignited 2007’s Witch Fire, which killed two people and destroyed 1,100 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are questions and answers on how the public safety power shutoffs work and what the CPUC’s new guidelines will mean for utility customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">1\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>Who makes the decision to shut off power?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision rests solely in the hands of California’s three investor-owned utilities: PG&E, Southern California Edison and San Diego Gas and Electric. To assist in making the decision, each utility now maintains a special command center — PG&E’s is called a wildfire safety operations center — to assess weather data and reports from field personnel and begin the process of deciding when and where a power shutoff might be necessary. The emergency operations centers typically include engineering, safety and communications personnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">2\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>What conditions could prompt a public safety power shutoff? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no one standard for the three utilities that have been directed to develop shutoff plans. But the factors the utilities use involve an assessment of upcoming weather — a National Weather Service red-flag fire warning for hot, dry, windy weather, for instance — and conditions on the ground — such as topography and the moisture content of grass, brush and trees in areas the CPUC has identified as being at high risk for wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below is one example: SDG&E’s list of factors considered in shutting down power during a period of dangerous fire weather last November. Among them: a red-flag warning coupled with a warning of winds gusting up to 70 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">3\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>How do public safety power shutoffs affect people with disabilities and other vulnerable populations?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for those with disabilities have pointed out for years — in cases involving San Diego Gas and Electric, which began pre-emptive power shutoffs in 2013 — that their clients face a potentially life-threatening situation if their electricity is turned off. In a declaration filed in PG&E’s federal probation case earlier this year, Melissa Kasnitz, an attorney for Berkeley’s Center for Accessible Technology, summarized the dangers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Some people will lose access to medical equipment necessary for health and safety, such as home dialysis machines, nebulizers, or respirators. Some will lose the ability to power equipment they rely on for mobility, such as power wheelchairs. Some will face health risks if they lose the ability to regulate the temperature or environment in their homes. Some will lose access to vital (and expensive) medication if they lose access to refrigeration.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>While the CPUC’s de-energization decision recognizes the issue, it focuses on identifying and educating vulnerable individuals and making sure they’re notified in the event a power shutoff is imminent. The guidelines stop short of calling for steps to aid those who lose the use of medical equipment, saying that utilities should partner “with community-based organizations and other entities to develop plans in advance to ensure that needs can be met in the event of a power loss.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">4\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>Are there other major objections to the public safety power shutoffs? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The principal concern, voiced by the CPUC itself and many parties who have commented on its new rules, centers on the potential impact to public safety when power is cut off. A blackout would likely disable traffic signals and could interrupt the supply of electricity to police and fire stations. A loss of power could disrupt public water systems needed to fight fires and play havoc with emergency responders’ radio communications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC’s response has been to focus on identifying the full range of potential impacts and developing communication strategies so that all the agencies that might be affected by a power outage know well in advance and have developed contingency plans for the blackout period. Longer term, the commission is encouraging adoption of technology that will limit the extent of outages by allowing utilities to precisely target the areas where shutoffs may be needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">5\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>How will I find out if my utility is considering turning off the power because of extreme fire weather?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your utility has the primary responsibility for alerting emergency responders, other public safety-related agencies, local governments and customers that it is considering a public safety power shutoff. Under the CPUC’s new guidelines, the utilities will be required to give emergency responders and other high-priority groups and agencies between 48 and 72 hours’ notice that a shutdown is under consideration. The companies will need to give 24 to 48 hours’ warning to everyone else, including customers. The guidelines also require follow-up messages within one to four hours of a shutdown, when it’s occurring and again when the process of restoring power is underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online resources for each of the major utilities shutoff programs:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>PG&E:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.pge.com/en_US/safety/emergency-preparedness/natural-disaster/wildfires/public-safety-power-shutoff-faq.page\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Public Safety Power Shutoff\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Southern California Edison:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.sce.com/safety/wildfire/psps\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Latest on Public Safety Power Shutoffs\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>San Diego Gas & Electric:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.sdge.com/wildfire-safety/public-safety-power-shutoffs\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wildfire Safety: Power Shutoffs\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">6\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>Have past power shutoffs been effective in preventing wildfires?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to give a definitive answer, but the most persuasive evidence that de-energizing power lines may be effective in preventing catastrophic wildfires comes from San Diego Gas and Electric. According to data the company provided to the CPUC, its power facilities were involved in starting 175 fires from 2013 through 2018. Of those fires, just three were larger than 10 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers who have sued PG&E on behalf of Northern California wildfire victims have pointed out that the San Francisco-based utility’s equipment started 1,552 fires in a shorter time frame — 2014 through 2017 — with 68 of those blazes growing to larger than 10 acres. (PG&E has challenged the comparison, noting that its service area is 17 times larger than SDG&E’s and that its distribution and transmission line mileage is five times larger than that maintained by the San Diego utility.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bottom line: The CPUC’s decision declares that pre=emptive power shutdowns “can save lives” if coupled with tougher measures to keep trees and other vegetation away from electrical lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11751033\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-76412182-e1559198784751.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11751033\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-76412182-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E transmission lines like these in South San Francisco could be shut down during periods of extreme fire danger. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">7\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>How many people could lose electricity in a public safety power shutoff?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, power shutoffs have involved utilities’ local distribution circuits and have affected relatively small areas. San Diego Gas and Electric has conducted the most shutoffs. Six of the nine shutdowns the company has conducted since 2017 have involved fewer than 1,000 customers. SDG&E’s largest shutoff, last November, involved about 25,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When PG&E decided to pre-emptively shut down lines last Oct. 14, it targeted about 40 distribution circuits spread across Napa, Sonoma, Lake, El Dorado, Placer, Amador and Calaveras counties. The number of customers on each circuit varied from as few as 14 up to about 5,200, and about 60,000 customers in all lost power — which stands as the single-largest public safety power shutoff in California to date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the limited size of shutdowns could change this year, with PG&E announcing it will consider shutting down high-voltage transmission lines \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747485/cal-fires-official-finding-pge-equipment-touched-off-camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">like the one in Butte County\u003c/a> that touched off last November’s Camp Fire. In filing its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11724248/pge-unveils-wildfire-safety-plan-featuring-possible-large-scale-power-cutoffs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state-mandated wildfire mitigation plan\u003c/a> earlier this year, PG&E said de-energizing transmission lines could mean a loss of power anywhere in it 70,000-square-mile service area — even for cities like San Francisco and San Jose that face no immediate wildfire threat. Such a shutdown could also affect factories, airports and other facilities served directly by transmission lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC’s decision says that in the event a transmission line shutoff is being considered, utilities must inform the California Independent System Operator, which manages the state’s grid, as soon as possible. The power companies must also coordinate with regional and national agencies that provide grid reliability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">8\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>If there’s a public safety power shutoff, how long will I be without electricity?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Gas and Electric, the utility that has the most experience with power shutoffs, says blackouts in its service area have lasted from one minute — you read that right: 60 seconds — to six full days. A review of its biggest shutdown to date, which took place last November, shows that most of the 25,000 or so affected customers lost power for 30 to 48 hours; one circuit, with about 1,400 customers, was out for four days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In PG&E’s power shutdown last October, most of the 60,000 affected customers appear to have had the lights back on within 24 to 30 hours. Some were in the dark for a little more than two days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main reason for delays in restoring power comes from continuing dangerous fire conditions and the need for crews to inspect lines for damage and complete repairs when necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">9\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>All the food in my fridge spoiled because of a public safety power shutoff. Will the utilities pay?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is another “that depends” answer. San Diego Gas and Electric has a claims procedure and received 300 reports of losses in its November 2018 shutdown. About 220 of the claims were for food spoiled because of loss of refrigeration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E reported receiving 146 claims after its October 2018 shutoff — again, mostly for food losses. The company remarks in its report: “PG&E has stated publicly that because of the safety-related nature of (public safety power shutoff) events, customers will not be reimbursed for associated losses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">10\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> \u003cstrong>What changes are being considered in the way public safety power shutoffs are conducted?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission is due to review this year’s shutoffs and hear comment from the utilities, emergency operations officials, first responders and business and residential customers – among other stakeholders – about how the pre-emptive blackouts could be refined. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature is likely to at least try to make its voice heard, too. State Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, has introduced \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB378\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a bill\u003c/a> for the next session that would impose new rules on how the shutoffs are handled. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to concerns from both large and small businesses and public officials like San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo about the disruptive effects of pre-emptive blackouts, Wiener’s bill would require utilities to compensate customers and local governments for costs incurrred during the outages. The bill would also impose fines for every hour a public safety power shutoff is in place – a measure designed to ensure the utilities impose then only when necessary and not a step meant to avoid potential liability. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "What You Need to Know About PG&E's State-Mandated Wildfire Mitigation Plan",
"title": "What You Need to Know About PG&E's State-Mandated Wildfire Mitigation Plan",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]W[/dropcap]hat kind of wildfire year will 2019 be?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no telling. We're watching the end of an unusually wet spring that, so far, has held down the number and size of fires statewide. But the weather is already heating up. The grasses, chaparral and forests that serve as fuel for our big fires will start drying out — fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That much is familiar. But there will be something different about the 2019 fire season, too, reflecting a campaign to try to limit the damage from blazes sparked by power lines. Statewide, fires caused by electrical facilities have killed more than 130 people and burned more than 20,000 homes over the past two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More PG&E Coverage\" tag=\"pge\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That campaign — enacted by the Legislature and Gov. Jerry Brown last year and overseen by the California Public Utilities Commission — has resulted in a requirement for power providers to create plans detailing what measures they'll take to reduce the risk of more catastrophic fires this year. The CPUC signed off on the plans at a public meeting in San Francisco on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First and foremost among the utilities submitting the newly mandated wildfire mitigation plans: PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based company's equipment has been found responsible for starting the most devastating wildfire in California history — last November's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Camp Fire\u003c/a> in Butte County, which killed 85 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes. The potential legal liability for that blaze and others prompted the company to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection\u003c/a> in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's wildfire plan — approved in a CPUC administrative law judge's \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M285/K712/285712576.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision\u003c/a> in late April — is sweeping. It promises a vast effort to inspect and repair its network of power lines, poles and high-voltage transmission towers, remove thousands of hazardous trees and expand a network of weather stations to monitor fire conditions. PG&E's wildfire mitigation blueprint could cost as much as $2.3 billion by the company's latest estimate , a bill that customers could well wind up paying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan also includes a dramatically expanded program of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11750896/cpuc-pge-deenergization-wildfire-safety-power-shutoffs\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pre-emptive power shutoffs\u003c/a> during periods of extreme fire danger — high winds, high temperatures and critically low humidity. The company says that in addition to turning off local distribution lines in such conditions, it will consider shutting down high-voltage transmission lines and that outages could affect large parts of its 70,000-square-mile service area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are questions and answers about the new state-mandated wildfire mitigation plans and how they may affect utility customers this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]1[/dropcap]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wildfire mitigation plans: What are they and how did they come about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The plans are required under \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB901\">SB 901\u003c/a>, a law sponsored by Sen. Bill Dodd, D-Napa, largely in response to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654027/my-world-was-burning-the-north-bay-fires-and-what-went-wrong\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the devastating fires\u003c/a> that swept Napa and Sonoma counties and other parts of Northern California in October 2017. The law's most frequently discussed and controversial \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=PUC&division=1.&title=&part=1.&chapter=4.&article=5.8.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">provision\u003c/a> was the creation of a system that would allow utilities to issue bonds to pay for wildfire expenses — including damages awarded in lawsuits — incurred in 2017 or after Jan. 1, 2019. Under the law, the utilities would be allowed to pass the cost of repaying the bonds on to customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But SB 901 also declared a need for each electric utility to run its business \"in a manner that will minimize the risk of catastrophic wildfire posed by those electrical lines and equipment.\" To push PG&E and other utilities in that direction, the law \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PUC§ionNum=8386.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">requires\u003c/a> each company to deliver an annual wildfire mitigation plan addressing 19 areas of operations, inspections, maintenance, planning and system improvements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those areas: Plans for managing vegetation in areas adjacent to power lines; performing systemwide inspections and repairs where necessary; and updating equipment, for instance by replacing ordinary power lines with insulated lines less prone to sparking a fire if they come into contact with a tree branch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]2[/dropcap]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What's in PG&E's plan?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>PG&E's original plan details an accelerated program to remove dangerous trees; inspect power lines, power poles and transmission line towers in the state's highest-risk wildfire areas; install \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942292/pge-wants-to-make-a-massive-investment-in-weather-stations-heres-why\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hundreds of new weather stations\u003c/a> to improve the utility's assessment of conditions that could pose a wildfire threat; and launch an expanded \"public safety power shutoff\" program under which PG&E could shut down extensive parts of its power grid during times of extreme fire danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the specifics of the plan, with initial estimated costs for each segment:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An expanded vegetation management plan, in which the company says it will remove 375,000 potentially hazardous trees and clear brush and other potential fuels from 2,450 miles of power lines. The estimated cost: $338 million.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Inspection and repair of 685,000 power poles and 50,000 transmission towers and other structures in areas subject to high fire threats. Estimated cost: $800 million to $1.3 billion.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Installation of 150 miles of \"tree wire\" — essentially, insulated or covered power lines — in areas prone to high fire danger. The company says that's the beginning of a project to \"harden\" its power distribution system by installing 7,100 miles of covered line.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Replacement of aging wooden distribution poles in high-fire-risk areas with poles made from fire-resistant composite materials such as fiberglass. Estimated cost of new lines and polls and related work: $240 million.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Installation of 400 new weather stations and 70 back-country cameras to help improve fire-weather forecasting and early detection of blazes. Estimated cost: $13 million.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11750682\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-1059759114-e1559126270652.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11750682\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-1059759114-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E's plan for preemptive power shutoffs would affect transmission lines like this one in Butte County, pictured during the November 2018 Camp Fire. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]3[/dropcap]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will public safety power shutoffs work? How many people will be affected?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Preemptive power shutdowns are designed to reduce wildfire risk by halting the flow of current through electrical lines during times of forecast extreme fire danger. The shutdowns are a technique pioneered on a wide scale by San Diego Gas and Electric Co. after its power lines touched off 2007's Witch Fire, which killed two people and destroyed 1,100 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the CPUC's blessing, PG&E carried out its first public safety power shutoff during red-flag fire warnings last October — an event that affected about 60,000 customers in Napa, Sonoma, Lake, El Dorado, Placer, Amador and Calaveras counties. Power stayed off for more than two days in some areas as crews inspected weather-related damage to power lines and other equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's power shutoff plan is fundamentally different this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could affect much larger parts of its service area, which includes 16 million people, spread across 70,000 square miles of Northern and Central California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year's power shutdowns targeted local distribution circuits — parts of the electrical grid that might serve anywhere from a few hundred to several thousand customers each. This year, PG&E says, it will consider shutting down transmission lines, which carry higher-voltage power from generating stations and serve much larger areas. As a result, PG&E says wildfire-related outages could affect any community in its service area — even if they're not in an area directly threatened by extreme fire danger. For example, the company said in its amended wildfire plan last month that even San Francisco faces the possibility of a blackout if \"multiple East Bay transmission lines\" were shut down preemptively due to extreme fire conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]4[/dropcap]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How much does PG&E say its plan will cost?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When it submitted the first version of its wildfire management plan in February, PG&E put the total cost for 2019 between $1.7 billion and $2.3 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an amended plan submitted in late April — and not considered by the CPUC because it was submitted too late for public comment — the company said it expected its costs to rise. In the case of its ambitious safety program, PG&E put the CPUC on notice that it expects the price tag for its inspection program \"to substantially increase\" — in large part due to the difficulty of finding trained personnel to do the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]5[/dropcap]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who will pay for the PG&E wildfire management program? How much?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Under the terms of SB 901, the law that requires the wildfire mitigation plans, PG&E and other utilities have been ordered to record their costs for the program in special \"memorandum\" accounts that allow the expenses to be tracked apart from other company activities. The CPUC will review the expenses incurred as part of the wildfire plans and will have the power to reject costs it finds unreasonable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But given concern over the financial health of PG&E as it moves through its Chapter 11 bankruptcy case, it's likely that ratepayers — meaning you, the PG&E customer — will wind up paying for at least some of the company's new safety program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much more? At this point, it's hard to say with any certainty what the wildfire program will cost customers. But PG&E's announcement last December that it would seek a revenue increase of about $2 billion over three years beginning in 2020 might give us some idea. The company said the average residential utility bill would rise by 6.4 percent, or $10.57 a month, due to that proposed increase. Whether the wildfire plan results in a similar rise depends on which costs the CPUC allows and how it structures the increased rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]6[/dropcap]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What challenges does PG&E face in implementing its plan?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In its original plan, PG&E called out a long list of factors that could slow down work — and repeatedly mentioned the availability of trained workers as a potential limiting factor. An example of the challenge in finding and retaining workers: One of PG&E's longtime tree-trimming contractors \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11745335/pge-lost-longtime-tree-trimming-contractor-as-scrutiny-on-utility-mounted-over-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ended its relationship\u003c/a> with the company several months ago, possibly because of liability concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its April plan amendment, the utility told the CPUC that weather, a shortage of available helicopters for aerial inspections, difficulty in getting required government permits, lack of cooperation among some private landowners and a lack of workers would lead to delays on work for the plan. Some elements that were forecast to be completed by the end of this week — for instance, inspections of 685,000 power poles in areas the CPUC has designated as high fire threat districts — will now be completed \"as soon as feasible\" in areas where the company has encountered problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]7[/dropcap]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are the major criticisms of the PG&E wildfire mitigation plan?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The most pointed comment on the PG&E plan has come from the CPUC's Public Advocates Office and from ratepayers advocacy groups like The Utility Reform Network and the California Environmental Justice Alliance. Among the major issues these groups have raised:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Rising costs of wildfire safety inspection program:\u003c/b> The cost of PG&E's wildfire safety inspection program, which PG&E initially estimated at about $800 million to $1.3 billion, could rise substantially. Commenters have noted the increase in inspection costs from a mere $15 million in PG&E's last rate-setting case and questioned whether the company has carried out inspections properly in the past. The CPUC's decision advises the company it will likely face public challenges in recovering these costs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>System hardening:\u003c/b> The limited extent and high cost of PG&E's proposal to replace uninsulated power lines with insulated wire. Commenters note that the utility plans to install just 150 miles of insulated wire this year, a tiny fraction of the 7,100 miles of line the utility says it needs to replace. The total cost for stringing those 150 miles of new wire: $236.9 million, or $1.5 million a mile. The CPUC's decision calls on the company to provide a thorough analysis of how effective the insulated wire is in preventing fires compared to other measures.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Vegetation management:\u003c/b> Commenters questioned whether the planned extent of PG&E's enhanced vegetation management plan is necessary and expressed concern it could result in indiscriminate tree cutting. The commission's decision would require PG&E to submit data on the effectiveness — and cost effectiveness — of its vegetation program in its 2020 wildfire mitigation plan.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Situational awareness:\u003c/b> PG&E's plan includes several measures planned for this year to help the company better forecast and understand fire weather and wildfire behavior: hundreds of new remote weather stations, dozens of digital fire cameras, and development of new fire modeling tools. Commenters and the CPUC's decision found one flaw in PG&E's plan: a lack of systematic measures to share data with local governments and emergency responders. The decision requires PG&E to report back by the end of June about what steps it will take to make its situational awareness information available to first responders and others.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]8[/dropcap]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What's next?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The five-member commission plans to meet Thursday morning to vote on the wildfire mitigation plans from PG&E and other electric utilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is just the beginning for PG&E. The CPUC's decision directs the company to produce a series of new studies and analyses to be included in its 2020 wildfire mitigation plan. For instance, the commission wants the company to do a much more thorough job analyzing the potential benefits and drawbacks of the measures it's undertaking and to what degree those measures make its system safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short, the CPUC appears ready to sign off on PG&E's plan for this year — and says it expects better next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "State regulators signed off on a plan that could cost the utility - and ultimately its customers - more than $2 billion this year.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">W\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>hat kind of wildfire year will 2019 be?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no telling. We're watching the end of an unusually wet spring that, so far, has held down the number and size of fires statewide. But the weather is already heating up. The grasses, chaparral and forests that serve as fuel for our big fires will start drying out — fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That much is familiar. But there will be something different about the 2019 fire season, too, reflecting a campaign to try to limit the damage from blazes sparked by power lines. Statewide, fires caused by electrical facilities have killed more than 130 people and burned more than 20,000 homes over the past two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That campaign — enacted by the Legislature and Gov. Jerry Brown last year and overseen by the California Public Utilities Commission — has resulted in a requirement for power providers to create plans detailing what measures they'll take to reduce the risk of more catastrophic fires this year. The CPUC signed off on the plans at a public meeting in San Francisco on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First and foremost among the utilities submitting the newly mandated wildfire mitigation plans: PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based company's equipment has been found responsible for starting the most devastating wildfire in California history — last November's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Camp Fire\u003c/a> in Butte County, which killed 85 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes. The potential legal liability for that blaze and others prompted the company to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection\u003c/a> in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's wildfire plan — approved in a CPUC administrative law judge's \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M285/K712/285712576.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision\u003c/a> in late April — is sweeping. It promises a vast effort to inspect and repair its network of power lines, poles and high-voltage transmission towers, remove thousands of hazardous trees and expand a network of weather stations to monitor fire conditions. PG&E's wildfire mitigation blueprint could cost as much as $2.3 billion by the company's latest estimate , a bill that customers could well wind up paying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan also includes a dramatically expanded program of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11750896/cpuc-pge-deenergization-wildfire-safety-power-shutoffs\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pre-emptive power shutoffs\u003c/a> during periods of extreme fire danger — high winds, high temperatures and critically low humidity. The company says that in addition to turning off local distribution lines in such conditions, it will consider shutting down high-voltage transmission lines and that outages could affect large parts of its 70,000-square-mile service area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are questions and answers about the new state-mandated wildfire mitigation plans and how they may affect utility customers this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">1\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wildfire mitigation plans: What are they and how did they come about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The plans are required under \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB901\">SB 901\u003c/a>, a law sponsored by Sen. Bill Dodd, D-Napa, largely in response to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654027/my-world-was-burning-the-north-bay-fires-and-what-went-wrong\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the devastating fires\u003c/a> that swept Napa and Sonoma counties and other parts of Northern California in October 2017. The law's most frequently discussed and controversial \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=PUC&division=1.&title=&part=1.&chapter=4.&article=5.8.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">provision\u003c/a> was the creation of a system that would allow utilities to issue bonds to pay for wildfire expenses — including damages awarded in lawsuits — incurred in 2017 or after Jan. 1, 2019. Under the law, the utilities would be allowed to pass the cost of repaying the bonds on to customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But SB 901 also declared a need for each electric utility to run its business \"in a manner that will minimize the risk of catastrophic wildfire posed by those electrical lines and equipment.\" To push PG&E and other utilities in that direction, the law \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PUC§ionNum=8386.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">requires\u003c/a> each company to deliver an annual wildfire mitigation plan addressing 19 areas of operations, inspections, maintenance, planning and system improvements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those areas: Plans for managing vegetation in areas adjacent to power lines; performing systemwide inspections and repairs where necessary; and updating equipment, for instance by replacing ordinary power lines with insulated lines less prone to sparking a fire if they come into contact with a tree branch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">2\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What's in PG&E's plan?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>PG&E's original plan details an accelerated program to remove dangerous trees; inspect power lines, power poles and transmission line towers in the state's highest-risk wildfire areas; install \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942292/pge-wants-to-make-a-massive-investment-in-weather-stations-heres-why\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hundreds of new weather stations\u003c/a> to improve the utility's assessment of conditions that could pose a wildfire threat; and launch an expanded \"public safety power shutoff\" program under which PG&E could shut down extensive parts of its power grid during times of extreme fire danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the specifics of the plan, with initial estimated costs for each segment:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An expanded vegetation management plan, in which the company says it will remove 375,000 potentially hazardous trees and clear brush and other potential fuels from 2,450 miles of power lines. The estimated cost: $338 million.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Inspection and repair of 685,000 power poles and 50,000 transmission towers and other structures in areas subject to high fire threats. Estimated cost: $800 million to $1.3 billion.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Installation of 150 miles of \"tree wire\" — essentially, insulated or covered power lines — in areas prone to high fire danger. The company says that's the beginning of a project to \"harden\" its power distribution system by installing 7,100 miles of covered line.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Replacement of aging wooden distribution poles in high-fire-risk areas with poles made from fire-resistant composite materials such as fiberglass. Estimated cost of new lines and polls and related work: $240 million.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Installation of 400 new weather stations and 70 back-country cameras to help improve fire-weather forecasting and early detection of blazes. Estimated cost: $13 million.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11750682\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-1059759114-e1559126270652.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11750682\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-1059759114-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E's plan for preemptive power shutoffs would affect transmission lines like this one in Butte County, pictured during the November 2018 Camp Fire. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">3\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will public safety power shutoffs work? How many people will be affected?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Preemptive power shutdowns are designed to reduce wildfire risk by halting the flow of current through electrical lines during times of forecast extreme fire danger. The shutdowns are a technique pioneered on a wide scale by San Diego Gas and Electric Co. after its power lines touched off 2007's Witch Fire, which killed two people and destroyed 1,100 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the CPUC's blessing, PG&E carried out its first public safety power shutoff during red-flag fire warnings last October — an event that affected about 60,000 customers in Napa, Sonoma, Lake, El Dorado, Placer, Amador and Calaveras counties. Power stayed off for more than two days in some areas as crews inspected weather-related damage to power lines and other equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's power shutoff plan is fundamentally different this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could affect much larger parts of its service area, which includes 16 million people, spread across 70,000 square miles of Northern and Central California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year's power shutdowns targeted local distribution circuits — parts of the electrical grid that might serve anywhere from a few hundred to several thousand customers each. This year, PG&E says, it will consider shutting down transmission lines, which carry higher-voltage power from generating stations and serve much larger areas. As a result, PG&E says wildfire-related outages could affect any community in its service area — even if they're not in an area directly threatened by extreme fire danger. For example, the company said in its amended wildfire plan last month that even San Francisco faces the possibility of a blackout if \"multiple East Bay transmission lines\" were shut down preemptively due to extreme fire conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">4\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How much does PG&E say its plan will cost?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When it submitted the first version of its wildfire management plan in February, PG&E put the total cost for 2019 between $1.7 billion and $2.3 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an amended plan submitted in late April — and not considered by the CPUC because it was submitted too late for public comment — the company said it expected its costs to rise. In the case of its ambitious safety program, PG&E put the CPUC on notice that it expects the price tag for its inspection program \"to substantially increase\" — in large part due to the difficulty of finding trained personnel to do the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">5\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who will pay for the PG&E wildfire management program? How much?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Under the terms of SB 901, the law that requires the wildfire mitigation plans, PG&E and other utilities have been ordered to record their costs for the program in special \"memorandum\" accounts that allow the expenses to be tracked apart from other company activities. The CPUC will review the expenses incurred as part of the wildfire plans and will have the power to reject costs it finds unreasonable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But given concern over the financial health of PG&E as it moves through its Chapter 11 bankruptcy case, it's likely that ratepayers — meaning you, the PG&E customer — will wind up paying for at least some of the company's new safety program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much more? At this point, it's hard to say with any certainty what the wildfire program will cost customers. But PG&E's announcement last December that it would seek a revenue increase of about $2 billion over three years beginning in 2020 might give us some idea. The company said the average residential utility bill would rise by 6.4 percent, or $10.57 a month, due to that proposed increase. Whether the wildfire plan results in a similar rise depends on which costs the CPUC allows and how it structures the increased rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">6\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What challenges does PG&E face in implementing its plan?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In its original plan, PG&E called out a long list of factors that could slow down work — and repeatedly mentioned the availability of trained workers as a potential limiting factor. An example of the challenge in finding and retaining workers: One of PG&E's longtime tree-trimming contractors \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11745335/pge-lost-longtime-tree-trimming-contractor-as-scrutiny-on-utility-mounted-over-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ended its relationship\u003c/a> with the company several months ago, possibly because of liability concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its April plan amendment, the utility told the CPUC that weather, a shortage of available helicopters for aerial inspections, difficulty in getting required government permits, lack of cooperation among some private landowners and a lack of workers would lead to delays on work for the plan. Some elements that were forecast to be completed by the end of this week — for instance, inspections of 685,000 power poles in areas the CPUC has designated as high fire threat districts — will now be completed \"as soon as feasible\" in areas where the company has encountered problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">7\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are the major criticisms of the PG&E wildfire mitigation plan?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The most pointed comment on the PG&E plan has come from the CPUC's Public Advocates Office and from ratepayers advocacy groups like The Utility Reform Network and the California Environmental Justice Alliance. Among the major issues these groups have raised:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Rising costs of wildfire safety inspection program:\u003c/b> The cost of PG&E's wildfire safety inspection program, which PG&E initially estimated at about $800 million to $1.3 billion, could rise substantially. Commenters have noted the increase in inspection costs from a mere $15 million in PG&E's last rate-setting case and questioned whether the company has carried out inspections properly in the past. The CPUC's decision advises the company it will likely face public challenges in recovering these costs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>System hardening:\u003c/b> The limited extent and high cost of PG&E's proposal to replace uninsulated power lines with insulated wire. Commenters note that the utility plans to install just 150 miles of insulated wire this year, a tiny fraction of the 7,100 miles of line the utility says it needs to replace. The total cost for stringing those 150 miles of new wire: $236.9 million, or $1.5 million a mile. The CPUC's decision calls on the company to provide a thorough analysis of how effective the insulated wire is in preventing fires compared to other measures.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Vegetation management:\u003c/b> Commenters questioned whether the planned extent of PG&E's enhanced vegetation management plan is necessary and expressed concern it could result in indiscriminate tree cutting. The commission's decision would require PG&E to submit data on the effectiveness — and cost effectiveness — of its vegetation program in its 2020 wildfire mitigation plan.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cb>Situational awareness:\u003c/b> PG&E's plan includes several measures planned for this year to help the company better forecast and understand fire weather and wildfire behavior: hundreds of new remote weather stations, dozens of digital fire cameras, and development of new fire modeling tools. Commenters and the CPUC's decision found one flaw in PG&E's plan: a lack of systematic measures to share data with local governments and emergency responders. The decision requires PG&E to report back by the end of June about what steps it will take to make its situational awareness information available to first responders and others.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">8\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What's next?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The five-member commission plans to meet Thursday morning to vote on the wildfire mitigation plans from PG&E and other electric utilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is just the beginning for PG&E. The CPUC's decision directs the company to produce a series of new studies and analyses to be included in its 2020 wildfire mitigation plan. For instance, the commission wants the company to do a much more thorough job analyzing the potential benefits and drawbacks of the measures it's undertaking and to what degree those measures make its system safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short, the CPUC appears ready to sign off on PG&E's plan for this year — and says it expects better next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Will California's Air Board Ban Gas-Powered Cars? Not Now",
"title": "Will California's Air Board Ban Gas-Powered Cars? Not Now",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Mary Nichols, the powerful head of the California Air Resources Board, didn’t even need to explicitly threaten a ban on gas-powered cars last week to get the attention of carmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The warning was only in her prepared statements for a workshop with the state Transportation Commission. But the remarks, obtained by \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-16/california-regulator-threatens-trump-with-gasoline-engine-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a>, hit headlines and the industry took notice. That was the point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Mary Nichols, California Air Resources Board']'By 2045, there can’t be any cars sold in California that aren’t zero emissions vehicles of one sort or another.'[/pullquote]Nichols is making it clear that if the Trump administration follows through on threats to hamstring California’s ability to police tailpipe emissions, the state will need to find another way to keep the air clean. That will affect people and industries, including car manufacturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue is the Trump administration’s proposal to roll back tailpipe emissions and fuel economy regulations that have been on the books for years. Trump’s Environmental Protection Agency would also yank a key waiver that lets California make its own clean air rules and requires that auto manufacturers \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/zero-emission-vehicle-program/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sell a certain percentage\u003c/a> of clean cars in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal proposal hasn’t yet been finalized — and likely will be tied up in court for years. Still, the transportation sector is the No. 1 producer of greenhouse gases in California, and the state is bracing for a hit to its climate goals and air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potential fallout was the subject of a recent workshop with the Transportation Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remarks written for the workshop said the rollbacks could force the air board to look for other ways to curb pollution, including “an outright ban on internal combustion engines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out loud, however, Nichols spoke more vaguely of “potentially looking at things like fees, taxes and bans on certain types of vehicles and products. And these are not things that most of us think are the right way to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Ban — Not a Word That We Use'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ban on gas-powered cars isn’t imminent, Nichols said in an interview with CALmatters this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ban — it’s not a word that we use, and we don’t like to use it,” she said. “But sometimes, we perhaps have to make a point. And the message here was intended to be heard by the auto industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Meredith Hankins, UCLA School of Law']'It may be sort of dead on arrival under this current administration.'[/pullquote]The auto industry \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/2011-commitment-letters-2017-2025-light-duty-national\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">initially supported\u003c/a> the fuel economy and greenhouse gas standards the Obama administration finalized in 2012. The standards were set through 2025, and a federal review in 2016 reported that industry was technologically on track to meet them. It also projected fuel savings and public health benefits for the public. But when President Trump took office, the auto industry asked the administration to revisit the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent workshop wasn’t the first time Nichols had pointed words for the auto industry. At a public meeting in 2017, she asked automakers: “What were you thinking when you threw yourselves upon the mercy of the Trump administration to try to solve your problems?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not even the first time she’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-mary-nichols-electric-1506523771-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">talked about a ban\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps that’s why when the auto industry heard Nichols’ latest message, it didn’t appear to worry. Gloria Bergquist, vice president of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, said if the state banned the sale of traditional gas-powered vehicles, the industry would wind up selling more electrified ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d move them from dealer’s lots and get them into people’s garages. So that’s good — good for automakers,” said Bergquist, who added the automakers she represents have a stake in selling the electrified models they’ve invested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern would be in areas where automakers don’t yet have enough options — like work vehicles, for instance. “There are very few electrified pickups that could do the work that [farmers] need to do,” Bergquist said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is a Ban Feasible?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter the action — bans, status quo or a continued battle with the Trump administration — California can expect to spend time in court to protect its air. But Bergquist declined to speculate whether the auto industry would fight a gas-powered car ban in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t focused on it, just because we think it might have been some hyperbole,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The threat might not be real now, but it’s not an empty one. Nichols said they could do it, if it came to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A requirement for 100% of all sales to be zero emissions vehicles means that no internal combustion engines would be able to be sold after a certain date,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency, she clarifies, isn’t proposing to do this right now. But, she said, “It’s something we would have to consider.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Meredith Hankins, Shapiro fellow in Environmental Law and Policy at the UCLA School of Law, warns it won’t be easy to go through the EPA to make that kind of change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may be sort of dead on arrival under this current administration,” Hankins said. And going around the EPA is “an untested legal question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other legal experts agree the air board probably could find a way to ban combustion engines, the question is whether it should.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would be a very blunt, last-resort approach,” Daniel Sperling, director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis and a member of the air board, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sperling said he thinks a better strategy would be a legislative one called “feebates,” which use fees to discourage dirty car use, and rebates to encourage people to drive cleaner vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='clean-air' label='More Coverage']The Legislature has yet to agree. Assemblyman Phil Ting, a San Francisco Democrat, saw his bill to ban registrations of gas-powered vehicles by 2040 die. His second, a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB40\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">watered-down proposal\u003c/a> to plan for a clean-car future, stalled as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local officials aren’t waiting for state action. New York City will kick off a toll program to cut downtown traffic in a few years, and Boston and Los Angeles are eyeing similar congestion-pricing initiatives. Smaller cities like Sacramento have increased parking prices and improved light rail. The strategy, Hankins said, makes it too expensive to drive in cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are steps to a world Nichols is shooting for in the next quarter-century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By 2045, there can’t be any cars sold in California that aren’t zero emissions vehicles of one sort or another. I don’t expect to be alive to see that, but that’s where we’re headed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mary Nichols, the powerful head of the California Air Resources Board, didn’t even need to explicitly threaten a ban on gas-powered cars last week to get the attention of carmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The warning was only in her prepared statements for a workshop with the state Transportation Commission. But the remarks, obtained by \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-16/california-regulator-threatens-trump-with-gasoline-engine-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a>, hit headlines and the industry took notice. That was the point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Nichols is making it clear that if the Trump administration follows through on threats to hamstring California’s ability to police tailpipe emissions, the state will need to find another way to keep the air clean. That will affect people and industries, including car manufacturers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue is the Trump administration’s proposal to roll back tailpipe emissions and fuel economy regulations that have been on the books for years. Trump’s Environmental Protection Agency would also yank a key waiver that lets California make its own clean air rules and requires that auto manufacturers \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/zero-emission-vehicle-program/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sell a certain percentage\u003c/a> of clean cars in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal proposal hasn’t yet been finalized — and likely will be tied up in court for years. Still, the transportation sector is the No. 1 producer of greenhouse gases in California, and the state is bracing for a hit to its climate goals and air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potential fallout was the subject of a recent workshop with the Transportation Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remarks written for the workshop said the rollbacks could force the air board to look for other ways to curb pollution, including “an outright ban on internal combustion engines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out loud, however, Nichols spoke more vaguely of “potentially looking at things like fees, taxes and bans on certain types of vehicles and products. And these are not things that most of us think are the right way to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Ban — Not a Word That We Use'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ban on gas-powered cars isn’t imminent, Nichols said in an interview with CALmatters this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ban — it’s not a word that we use, and we don’t like to use it,” she said. “But sometimes, we perhaps have to make a point. And the message here was intended to be heard by the auto industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The auto industry \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/2011-commitment-letters-2017-2025-light-duty-national\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">initially supported\u003c/a> the fuel economy and greenhouse gas standards the Obama administration finalized in 2012. The standards were set through 2025, and a federal review in 2016 reported that industry was technologically on track to meet them. It also projected fuel savings and public health benefits for the public. But when President Trump took office, the auto industry asked the administration to revisit the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent workshop wasn’t the first time Nichols had pointed words for the auto industry. At a public meeting in 2017, she asked automakers: “What were you thinking when you threw yourselves upon the mercy of the Trump administration to try to solve your problems?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not even the first time she’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-mary-nichols-electric-1506523771-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">talked about a ban\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps that’s why when the auto industry heard Nichols’ latest message, it didn’t appear to worry. Gloria Bergquist, vice president of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, said if the state banned the sale of traditional gas-powered vehicles, the industry would wind up selling more electrified ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d move them from dealer’s lots and get them into people’s garages. So that’s good — good for automakers,” said Bergquist, who added the automakers she represents have a stake in selling the electrified models they’ve invested in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern would be in areas where automakers don’t yet have enough options — like work vehicles, for instance. “There are very few electrified pickups that could do the work that [farmers] need to do,” Bergquist said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is a Ban Feasible?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter the action — bans, status quo or a continued battle with the Trump administration — California can expect to spend time in court to protect its air. But Bergquist declined to speculate whether the auto industry would fight a gas-powered car ban in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t focused on it, just because we think it might have been some hyperbole,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The threat might not be real now, but it’s not an empty one. Nichols said they could do it, if it came to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A requirement for 100% of all sales to be zero emissions vehicles means that no internal combustion engines would be able to be sold after a certain date,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency, she clarifies, isn’t proposing to do this right now. But, she said, “It’s something we would have to consider.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Meredith Hankins, Shapiro fellow in Environmental Law and Policy at the UCLA School of Law, warns it won’t be easy to go through the EPA to make that kind of change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may be sort of dead on arrival under this current administration,” Hankins said. And going around the EPA is “an untested legal question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other legal experts agree the air board probably could find a way to ban combustion engines, the question is whether it should.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would be a very blunt, last-resort approach,” Daniel Sperling, director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis and a member of the air board, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sperling said he thinks a better strategy would be a legislative one called “feebates,” which use fees to discourage dirty car use, and rebates to encourage people to drive cleaner vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Roger McNamee’s \u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ci>Zucked\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">More than 2 billion people around the world log onto Facebook to do everything from sharing vacation photos to scrolling through news feeds and streaming live events. But the explosive growth has come at a price. Data breaches affecting tens of millions of users and misinformation campaigns to influence national elections have prompted hearings on Capitol Hill and a public backlash against the tech giant and its CEO, Mark Zuckerberg. A book by an early Facebook investor suggests regulation may be the only way to preserve privacy and protect the personal data that is key to the company’s growth and profits. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jose Antonio Vargas’ \u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ci>Dear America, Notes of an Undocumented Citizen\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2011, Jose Antonio Vargas — whose journalism career included a stint at the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Washington Post — revealed in a New York Times magazine essay that he was living in the U.S. illegally. Since then, he has become perhaps the nation’s most well-known undocumented immigrant. He has done two documentaries and appeared in numerous interviews to advocate for immigrants. We discuss his latest memoir: “Dear America, Notes of an Undocumented Citizen.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Anand Giridharadas’\u003c/b> \u003cb>\u003ci>Winners Take All: The Elite Charade of Changing the World\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In an in-depth look, one journalist makes the argument that when today’s corporate titans and political leaders try to change the world, they actually preserve the societal problems they say they want to solve. Author Anand Giridharadas contends the rich and powerful are willing to fight for justice and equality, but only if it doesn’t threaten their positions at the top of the social order.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Scott Dikkers’ \u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003ci>Welcome to the Future Which is Mine\u003cbr>\n\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scott Dikkers is the founder and longest-serving editor-in-chief of the popular online satirical news outlet “The Onion.” It’s never shied away from taking jabs at public figures. Now, Dikkers is aiming his sarcastic wit at Elon Musk in his book, “Welcome to the Future Which is Mine.” Musk is well known for being the outspoken and often flamboyant CEO of the companies Tesla and SpaceX.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>At a town hall meeting in Paradise on Wednesday, PG&E Vice President Aaron Johnson made an announcement to a community that lost nearly everything in November's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Camp Fire\u003c/a>, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in modern California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson said the company would underground the entire electrical distribution system as the town rebuilds — but first he had something else to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11747485,news_11749274,news_11745625,news_11727130,news_11722060,news_11722386\" label=\"PG&E and the Camp Fire\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I stand in front of you here tonight on behalf of my company. I want to apologize for the role our equipment had in this tragedy. Nothing I can say, nothing I could stand up in front of you and say, is going to undo that and I know that, we know that,\" said Johnson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson then announced the company would bury the power distribution lines in Paradise and some nearby communities — an option that was determined to be more expensive but safer than reinstalling overhead lines. The announcement brought residents at the meeting to their feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of the undergrounding project is still undetermined, but PG&E said it will be done at no additional cost to the town as part of the utility's overall grid hardening efforts. PG&E officials said transmission lines in the area Paradise will not be part of the project, as those lines were not damaged in the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747485/cal-fires-official-finding-pge-equipment-touched-off-camp-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced last week\u003c/a> that its investigation had determined a faulty PG&E transmission line — not a distribution line — sparked the fire, which left 85 people dead and displaced tens of thousands of Butte County residents. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transmission lines are higher-voltage lines that carry electricity from a power plant to a distribution substation. Distribution lines are lower-voltage lines that connect substations to residential and commercial buildings. It is only the distribution system that PG&E plans to underground in Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As part of our commitment to help this community recover and to harden our electric system to protect against wildfires, PG&E has decided to build our electric distribution system underground in the town of Paradise and in some of the surrounding areas like parts of Magalia,\" Johnson told the Council. \"We decided to rebuild in this way after a careful review of factors, town planning and safety considerations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E also got approval on Wednesday to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749274/bankruptcy-judge-oks-pge-plan-to-create-105-million-fund-for-fire-victims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">create a $107 million fund to help fire victims\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson said the undergrounding project would take about five years because of design work and planning for future road widening and potential sewer systems in the town. Johnson also could not specify which areas beyond Paradise would be included in the project. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said undergrounding the power lines immediately after the fire would have caused enormous reconstruction delays. But as Paradise begins to rebuild, PG&E will need to replace 74 miles of damaged natural gas lines. That will allow the company to bury both electric and gas infrastructure in the same trench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While PG&E begins work on the town's new power network, it will simultaneously install temporary overhead service to meet individual and neighborhood needs as people \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746414/insurance-claims-from-deadly-california-wildfires-top-12b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rebuild\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749508/an-agreement-on-high-speed-rail\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Rare Case of Agreement on High Speed Rail\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State officials and the Trump administration finally agree on something: the federal government won’t immediately re-allocate the billion dollars in high-speed rail funding it’s cancelled as the case works its way through the courts.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Dan Brekke\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teachers Take Their Case in Sacramento\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A thousand teachers and their supporters from around the state rallied in Sacramento on Wednesday demanding an end to what they're calling \"a starvation diet\" in our state's schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749299/asthma-rates-higher-in-californias-historically-redlined-communities-new-study-finds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Redlining’s Lasting Health Effects\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The federal government's redlining policy was adopted in the 1930s and led to discriminatory home loan practices. A new study shows it also affected public health, and still does.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Laura Klivans\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749411/taking-driverless-cars-for-a-test-drive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Taking Driverless Cars for a Test Drive\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Imagine sipping your morning coffee while your car drives you to work. Driverless cars are no longer a distant possibility. But are they safe?\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Peter Arcuni \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>PG&E to Bury Distribution Lines in Paradise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the Paradise Town Hall last night, PG&E unveiled its plans to help rebuild Paradise. These plans include putting power lines underground, an expensive but safer option that drew applause from residents.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Marc Albert, North State Public Radio/KCHO\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749431/nevada-looks-to-avoid-californias-utility-maintenance-issues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nevada Looks to Avoid California's Utility Maintenance Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As California’s largest utility, PG&E, continues to deal with the fallout over its role in the sparking some of the state’s largest wildfires on record, other states are looking at what they can do to prevent the same thing from happening to them.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Paul Boger, KUNR\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942039/attacking-global-warming-by-adding-co2-to-the-atmosphere-stanford-researchers-have-a-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Attacking Global Warming by Adding CO2 to the Atmosphere? Stanford Researchers Have a Plan\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Scientists are proposing a new solution to combat global climate change. It includes converting one greenhouse gas into another.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Craig Miller\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749291/stockton-mayor-announces-new-partnership-with-americorps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stockton Mayor Michael Tubbs Announces Partnership with AmeriCorps\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During his State of the City Address today, Stockton Mayor Michael Tubbs is expected to announce a new partnership with AmeriCorps, as part of his mission to revitalize the city. It will be the first of its kind in the Central Valley.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Katie Orr\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749508/an-agreement-on-high-speed-rail\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Rare Case of Agreement on High Speed Rail\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State officials and the Trump administration finally agree on something: the federal government won’t immediately re-allocate the billion dollars in high-speed rail funding it’s cancelled as the case works its way through the courts.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Dan Brekke\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teachers Take Their Case in Sacramento\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A thousand teachers and their supporters from around the state rallied in Sacramento on Wednesday demanding an end to what they're calling \"a starvation diet\" in our state's schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749299/asthma-rates-higher-in-californias-historically-redlined-communities-new-study-finds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Redlining’s Lasting Health Effects\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The federal government's redlining policy was adopted in the 1930s and led to discriminatory home loan practices. A new study shows it also affected public health, and still does.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Laura Klivans\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749411/taking-driverless-cars-for-a-test-drive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Taking Driverless Cars for a Test Drive\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Imagine sipping your morning coffee while your car drives you to work. Driverless cars are no longer a distant possibility. But are they safe?\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Peter Arcuni \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>PG&E to Bury Distribution Lines in Paradise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the Paradise Town Hall last night, PG&E unveiled its plans to help rebuild Paradise. These plans include putting power lines underground, an expensive but safer option that drew applause from residents.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Marc Albert, North State Public Radio/KCHO\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749431/nevada-looks-to-avoid-californias-utility-maintenance-issues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nevada Looks to Avoid California's Utility Maintenance Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As California’s largest utility, PG&E, continues to deal with the fallout over its role in the sparking some of the state’s largest wildfires on record, other states are looking at what they can do to prevent the same thing from happening to them.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Paul Boger, KUNR\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942039/attacking-global-warming-by-adding-co2-to-the-atmosphere-stanford-researchers-have-a-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Attacking Global Warming by Adding CO2 to the Atmosphere? Stanford Researchers Have a Plan\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Scientists are proposing a new solution to combat global climate change. It includes converting one greenhouse gas into another.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Craig Miller\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749291/stockton-mayor-announces-new-partnership-with-americorps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stockton Mayor Michael Tubbs Announces Partnership with AmeriCorps\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During his State of the City Address today, Stockton Mayor Michael Tubbs is expected to announce a new partnership with AmeriCorps, as part of his mission to revitalize the city. It will be the first of its kind in the Central Valley.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Reporter: Katie Orr\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "What the Qualcomm Antitrust Decision Means for Your Smartphone",
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"content": "\u003cp>In a much anticipated ruling this week, a federal judge found that cellphone chipmaker Qualcomm unlawfully squeezed out rivals and charged excessive royalties to manufacturers such as Apple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Lucy Koh of the Northern District of California issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/411066615/19-05-21-FTC-v-Qualcomm-Judicial-Findings?campaign=SkimbitLtd&ad_group=3947X638757X8138f836f25869070c4508ecbb552344&keyword=660149026&source=hp_affiliate&medium=affiliate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 233-page ruling\u003c/a> late Tuesday night in favor of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.306945/gov.uscourts.cand.306945.1.0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federal Trade Commission's antitrust allegations\u003c/a> and ordered that Qualcomm, which manufactures nearly all the chips in smartphones, must go back and renegotiate its licensing deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11740682\" label=\"LISTEN\"]\"It's a decision that has really global effects,\" said Mike Swift, chief global digital risk correspondent for MLex, a technology and legal publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the crux of this fight and other related fights is Qualcomm's business model and the company's hold on the smartphone market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based in San Diego, Qualcomm is the world's largest maker of mobile chips. It created some of the technology integral to cellular networks and holds patents on a range of cellphone technology, including key 3G, 4G and 5G networking components. Because of those patents, all smartphone manufacturers have to pay a licensing fee to Qualcomm, whether they use the company's chips or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Qualcomm also has a \"no license, no chip\" policy, which requires phone manufacturers to pay for an exclusive license in order to buy their chips. Additionally, Qualcomm has refused to license its patents to rival chipmakers. The company has typically set licensing fees at 5% of the price of the mobile device — something Apple took issue with, arguing that features that make a phone more expensive may have nothing to do with Qualcomm's technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"left\" citation=\"Mike Swift, chief global digital risk correspondent for MLex\"]'What she's trying to achieve is to inject competition back into the market.'[/pullquote]\u003cbr>\nAccording to Swift, two examples stood out to Judge Koh during the trial, which wrapped up testimony in January. In one instance, Samsung attempted to create a cooperative agreement with some manufacturers in Japan to create their own modem technology, but said it abandoned the effort because of Qualcomm's hold on the market. In the other instance, Apple executives testified that they aimed to have multiple suppliers for every part in their phones in order to improve price and quality, but that they were forced to sign an exclusive deal with Qualcomm to provide chips. (Apple recently, while fighting with Qualcomm, also signed a deal with Intel to supply some of its chips.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koh, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/In-Silicon-Valley-Lucy-Koh-is-the-law-5679303.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">who has overseen a number of smartphone cases\u003c/a>, ruled that Qualcomm must:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>renegotiate its licensing deals with customers, without conditioning the supply of chips on their licensing status\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>license its patents to rival chipmakers at fair prices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>not sign exclusive agreements that block competitors from also selling chips to smartphone makers like Apple\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>submit to FTC monitoring for seven years\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\"What she's trying to achieve is to inject competition back into the market,\" said Swift of Koh's decision. \"But it's not going to mean a dramatic drop in prices of smartphones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We strongly disagree with the judge's conclusions, her interpretation of the facts and her application of the law,\" Qualcomm general counsel Don Rosenberg said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Qualcomm said it will appeal the decision, suggesting the case could still take a few years to resolve. Swift said that means there will likely be no big price drops overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If and when the decision goes into effect, it's not clear what company could immediately step in to compete against Qualcomm in the smartphone chip market, especially in the 5G space.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Apple and Qualcomm Settle\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://mlexmarketinsight.com/insights-center/editors-picks/antitrust/north-america/qualcomm-apple-settlement-a-win-for-both-companies-less-so-for-the-ftc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a separate lawsuit\u003c/a> over some of the technology that enables iPhones to connect to the internet was settled between Apple and Qualcomm — with Apple agreeing to pay Qualcomm an undisclosed amount and to continue buying Qualcomm's chips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement \"took the air out of the room for other chipmakers,\" said Swift, because of the market share that iPhones enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the last few years, Intel had been providing 3G and 4G chips to Apple, but immediately after the settlement announced it would not enter the 5G market — leaving just Qualcomm in the burgeoning 5G space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Tuesday's antitrust decision, Swift spoke with Intel, but said the company would not comment on whether it will change its decision regarding making 5G chips. Swift said that other companies that could potentially compete with Qualcomm include Samsung, MediaTek and a few large China-based companies, such as Huawei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The Tech-Trade Fight\" postID=\"news_11748486,news_11746559\"]Qualcomm has justified its pricing system as a way to recoup the $40 billion it spent over several decades developing wireless technology now essential to smartphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koh's decision could have geopolitical ramifications: If Qualcomm suffers a hit to its profitability, it could mean less spending on research and development at a time when the U.S. is racing China to update to 5G.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Trump administration views Qualcomm as almost the crown jewel for the U.S. in terms of U.S. technology development. Similar to the way China views Huawei,\" said Angelo Zino, an analyst with research firm Center for Financial Research and Analysis. \"It will be interesting to see if this gets revisited.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration's attitude can be seen in a case from last year, when it blocked Singapore company Broadcom from buying Qualcomm over concerns about national security and who would dominate 5G technology. Earlier this week, an administration ban on doing business with Huawei also led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11748486/after-trump-ban-huawei-phones-will-lose-access-to-google-software\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google ending the licensing of its Android operating system to the Chinese phone company\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting by Tali Arbel and Michael Liedtke, Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full 233-page decision:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[scribd id=411066615 key=key-ovi3zyl5VbxSPaSmebyc mode=scroll]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a much anticipated ruling this week, a federal judge found that cellphone chipmaker Qualcomm unlawfully squeezed out rivals and charged excessive royalties to manufacturers such as Apple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Lucy Koh of the Northern District of California issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/411066615/19-05-21-FTC-v-Qualcomm-Judicial-Findings?campaign=SkimbitLtd&ad_group=3947X638757X8138f836f25869070c4508ecbb552344&keyword=660149026&source=hp_affiliate&medium=affiliate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 233-page ruling\u003c/a> late Tuesday night in favor of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.306945/gov.uscourts.cand.306945.1.0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federal Trade Commission's antitrust allegations\u003c/a> and ordered that Qualcomm, which manufactures nearly all the chips in smartphones, must go back and renegotiate its licensing deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"It's a decision that has really global effects,\" said Mike Swift, chief global digital risk correspondent for MLex, a technology and legal publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the crux of this fight and other related fights is Qualcomm's business model and the company's hold on the smartphone market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based in San Diego, Qualcomm is the world's largest maker of mobile chips. It created some of the technology integral to cellular networks and holds patents on a range of cellphone technology, including key 3G, 4G and 5G networking components. Because of those patents, all smartphone manufacturers have to pay a licensing fee to Qualcomm, whether they use the company's chips or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Qualcomm also has a \"no license, no chip\" policy, which requires phone manufacturers to pay for an exclusive license in order to buy their chips. Additionally, Qualcomm has refused to license its patents to rival chipmakers. The company has typically set licensing fees at 5% of the price of the mobile device — something Apple took issue with, arguing that features that make a phone more expensive may have nothing to do with Qualcomm's technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nAccording to Swift, two examples stood out to Judge Koh during the trial, which wrapped up testimony in January. In one instance, Samsung attempted to create a cooperative agreement with some manufacturers in Japan to create their own modem technology, but said it abandoned the effort because of Qualcomm's hold on the market. In the other instance, Apple executives testified that they aimed to have multiple suppliers for every part in their phones in order to improve price and quality, but that they were forced to sign an exclusive deal with Qualcomm to provide chips. (Apple recently, while fighting with Qualcomm, also signed a deal with Intel to supply some of its chips.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koh, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/In-Silicon-Valley-Lucy-Koh-is-the-law-5679303.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">who has overseen a number of smartphone cases\u003c/a>, ruled that Qualcomm must:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>renegotiate its licensing deals with customers, without conditioning the supply of chips on their licensing status\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>license its patents to rival chipmakers at fair prices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>not sign exclusive agreements that block competitors from also selling chips to smartphone makers like Apple\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>submit to FTC monitoring for seven years\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\"What she's trying to achieve is to inject competition back into the market,\" said Swift of Koh's decision. \"But it's not going to mean a dramatic drop in prices of smartphones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We strongly disagree with the judge's conclusions, her interpretation of the facts and her application of the law,\" Qualcomm general counsel Don Rosenberg said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Qualcomm said it will appeal the decision, suggesting the case could still take a few years to resolve. Swift said that means there will likely be no big price drops overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If and when the decision goes into effect, it's not clear what company could immediately step in to compete against Qualcomm in the smartphone chip market, especially in the 5G space.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Apple and Qualcomm Settle\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://mlexmarketinsight.com/insights-center/editors-picks/antitrust/north-america/qualcomm-apple-settlement-a-win-for-both-companies-less-so-for-the-ftc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a separate lawsuit\u003c/a> over some of the technology that enables iPhones to connect to the internet was settled between Apple and Qualcomm — with Apple agreeing to pay Qualcomm an undisclosed amount and to continue buying Qualcomm's chips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement \"took the air out of the room for other chipmakers,\" said Swift, because of the market share that iPhones enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the last few years, Intel had been providing 3G and 4G chips to Apple, but immediately after the settlement announced it would not enter the 5G market — leaving just Qualcomm in the burgeoning 5G space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Tuesday's antitrust decision, Swift spoke with Intel, but said the company would not comment on whether it will change its decision regarding making 5G chips. Swift said that other companies that could potentially compete with Qualcomm include Samsung, MediaTek and a few large China-based companies, such as Huawei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Qualcomm has justified its pricing system as a way to recoup the $40 billion it spent over several decades developing wireless technology now essential to smartphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koh's decision could have geopolitical ramifications: If Qualcomm suffers a hit to its profitability, it could mean less spending on research and development at a time when the U.S. is racing China to update to 5G.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Trump administration views Qualcomm as almost the crown jewel for the U.S. in terms of U.S. technology development. Similar to the way China views Huawei,\" said Angelo Zino, an analyst with research firm Center for Financial Research and Analysis. \"It will be interesting to see if this gets revisited.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration's attitude can be seen in a case from last year, when it blocked Singapore company Broadcom from buying Qualcomm over concerns about national security and who would dominate 5G technology. Earlier this week, an administration ban on doing business with Huawei also led to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11748486/after-trump-ban-huawei-phones-will-lose-access-to-google-software\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google ending the licensing of its Android operating system to the Chinese phone company\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting by Tali Arbel and Michael Liedtke, Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full 233-page decision:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ciframe\n class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\"\n src=\"//www.scribd.com/embeds/411066615/content?start_page=1&view_mode=&access_key=key-ovi3zyl5VbxSPaSmebyc\"\n title=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/411066615\"\n data-auto-height=\"true\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"scribd_411066615\"\n width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n \u003ca class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__scribdShortcode__scribd_footer\"\n href=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/411066615\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">View this document on Scribd\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Google says it will stop offering Android updates for phones made by the Chinese telecom company Huawei. The move follows a U.S. executive order that American companies stop doing business with any foreign company that harms national security interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google, owned by Alphabet, “has suspended business with Huawei that requires the transfer of hardware, software and technical services except those publicly available via open source licensing,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-huawei-tech-alphabet-exclusive/exclusive-google-suspends-some-business-with-huawei-after-trump-blacklist-source-idUSKCN1SP0NB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters\u003c/a> first reported. In a statement, Google confirmed the news: “We are complying with the order and reviewing the implications,” a spokesperson said, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/20/google-stops-some-business-with-huawei-could-hit-its-global-smartphone-ambitions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNBC\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11746559,news_11727438,bayareabites_126751' label='more on the tariff war']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, this means Huawei won’t be able to license Google’s Android operating system, so Huawei phone users will lose access to updates. Future versions of Huawei smartphones running Android won’t be able to access popular Google apps including Gmail, YouTube, and the Google Play store – which lets users easily download third-party apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huawei is one of the world’s largest smartphone suppliers, second only to Samsung. In losing access to the latest Google software, Huawei may find it difficult to compete in the global smartphone market, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/20/tech/huawei-google-android/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNN reports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google isn’t the only company cutting ties with Huawei. American chipmakers such as Intel, Qualcomm and Broadcom have told their employees that they will stop supplying Huawei, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-19/google-to-end-some-huawei-business-ties-after-trump-crackdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a> reported. And the \u003ca href=\"https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/Germany-s-Infineon-suspends-shipments-to-Huawei-sources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nikkei Asian Review \u003c/a>reported that the German chipmaker Infineon has also stopped shipments to Huawei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration last week restricted the sale of U.S. technology, which seemed aimed at Huawei. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-securing-information-communications-technology-services-supply-chain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An executive order\u003c/a> signed by the president declared a “national emergency” and blocked U.S. companies from doing business with foreign tech companies that pose “an unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States.” The Commerce Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2019/05/department-commerce-announces-addition-huawei-technologies-co-ltd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a> it would add Huawei and its subsidiaries to a list of companies generally prohibited from buying U.S. technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748494\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11748494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"780\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-800x609.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-1020x777.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CEO of Consumer Business Group of Chinese tech company Huawei, Richard Yu, said the company has been preparing for the possibility that it might lose access to American companies. \u003ccite>(JackTaylor/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huawei, which has denied allegations that it spies on its users, says it has been preparing for the possibility that it might lose access to American companies. In March, Richard Yu, CEO of Huawei’s consumer products division, told a \u003ca href=\"https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Farticle190034791%2FHuawei-Manager-zu-Spionagevorwurf-Das-hat-politische-Gruende.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">German newspaper\u003c/a> that Huawei had prepared its own operating system in case it lost access to Android. “That’s our plan B,” Yu said. “But of course we prefer to work with the ecosystems of Google and Microsoft.” The company has stockpiled enough chips to keep its phone business running for months, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-17/huawei-built-at-least-a-three-month-stockpile-ahead-of-trump-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a> reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Ryan Koontz, an analyst with Rosenblatt Securities Inc., the U.S. ban could have a major impact on China’s ability to build 5G networks, as Huawei is dependent on U.S. components like semiconductors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The extreme scenario of Huawei’s telecom network unit failing would set China back many years and might even be viewed as an act of war by China,” Koontz told \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-19/google-to-end-some-huawei-business-ties-after-trump-crackdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a>. “Such a failure would have massive global telecom market implications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Trump+Ban%2C+Huawei+Phones+Will+Lose+Access+To+Google+Software&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Google says it will stop offering Android updates for phones made by the Chinese telecom company Huawei. The move follows a U.S. executive order that American companies stop doing business with any foreign company that harms national security interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google, owned by Alphabet, “has suspended business with Huawei that requires the transfer of hardware, software and technical services except those publicly available via open source licensing,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-huawei-tech-alphabet-exclusive/exclusive-google-suspends-some-business-with-huawei-after-trump-blacklist-source-idUSKCN1SP0NB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters\u003c/a> first reported. In a statement, Google confirmed the news: “We are complying with the order and reviewing the implications,” a spokesperson said, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/20/google-stops-some-business-with-huawei-could-hit-its-global-smartphone-ambitions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNBC\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, this means Huawei won’t be able to license Google’s Android operating system, so Huawei phone users will lose access to updates. Future versions of Huawei smartphones running Android won’t be able to access popular Google apps including Gmail, YouTube, and the Google Play store – which lets users easily download third-party apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huawei is one of the world’s largest smartphone suppliers, second only to Samsung. In losing access to the latest Google software, Huawei may find it difficult to compete in the global smartphone market, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/20/tech/huawei-google-android/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNN reports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google isn’t the only company cutting ties with Huawei. American chipmakers such as Intel, Qualcomm and Broadcom have told their employees that they will stop supplying Huawei, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-19/google-to-end-some-huawei-business-ties-after-trump-crackdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a> reported. And the \u003ca href=\"https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/Germany-s-Infineon-suspends-shipments-to-Huawei-sources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nikkei Asian Review \u003c/a>reported that the German chipmaker Infineon has also stopped shipments to Huawei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration last week restricted the sale of U.S. technology, which seemed aimed at Huawei. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-securing-information-communications-technology-services-supply-chain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An executive order\u003c/a> signed by the president declared a “national emergency” and blocked U.S. companies from doing business with foreign tech companies that pose “an unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States.” The Commerce Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2019/05/department-commerce-announces-addition-huawei-technologies-co-ltd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a> it would add Huawei and its subsidiaries to a list of companies generally prohibited from buying U.S. technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748494\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11748494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"780\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-800x609.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-519378032-3-1020x777.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CEO of Consumer Business Group of Chinese tech company Huawei, Richard Yu, said the company has been preparing for the possibility that it might lose access to American companies. \u003ccite>(JackTaylor/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huawei, which has denied allegations that it spies on its users, says it has been preparing for the possibility that it might lose access to American companies. In March, Richard Yu, CEO of Huawei’s consumer products division, told a \u003ca href=\"https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Farticle190034791%2FHuawei-Manager-zu-Spionagevorwurf-Das-hat-politische-Gruende.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">German newspaper\u003c/a> that Huawei had prepared its own operating system in case it lost access to Android. “That’s our plan B,” Yu said. “But of course we prefer to work with the ecosystems of Google and Microsoft.” The company has stockpiled enough chips to keep its phone business running for months, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-17/huawei-built-at-least-a-three-month-stockpile-ahead-of-trump-ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a> reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Ryan Koontz, an analyst with Rosenblatt Securities Inc., the U.S. ban could have a major impact on China’s ability to build 5G networks, as Huawei is dependent on U.S. components like semiconductors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The extreme scenario of Huawei’s telecom network unit failing would set China back many years and might even be viewed as an act of war by China,” Koontz told \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-19/google-to-end-some-huawei-business-ties-after-trump-crackdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg\u003c/a>. “Such a failure would have massive global telecom market implications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Trump+Ban%2C+Huawei+Phones+Will+Lose+Access+To+Google+Software&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco supervisors voted to \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fiorefacialrecognition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ban the use of facial recognition technology\u003c/a> by police and other city departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil liberties groups were happy the ban would block what Supervisor Aaron Peskin called “Big Brother technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, I know there are serious privacy issues here — that include built-in race and gender biases — but I just couldn’t resist doing a cartoon about facial recognition technology’s nemesis: San Francisco’s love of the beard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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"info": "",
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