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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 2:15 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Intelligence agency leaders repeated their determination Thursday that only \"the senior most officials\" in Russia could have authorized recent hacks into Democratic National Committee and Clinton officials' emails during the presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Director of National Intelligence James Clapper affirmed an Oct. 7 joint statement from 17 intelligence agencies that the Russian government directed the election interference — and went further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We stand more resolutely on that statement,\" Clapper said during a Senate Armed Services hearing with the intelligence chiefs into the politically charged issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clapper noted that the intelligence officials would not dive into many more details at this hearing, deferring to a broader, unclassified report on the election interference to be released next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Committee Chairman John McCain, R-Ariz., said there is no national security interest \"more vital to the U.S. than the ability to hold free and fair elections without foreign interference,\" and that \"every American should be alarmed by Russia's attacks on our nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will ascribe\" a motive for the Russian cyberattack in the upcoming report, Clapper said. He wouldn't say Thursday what it is, but it has been widely reported that the intelligence agencies agree that Russia was trying to get Donald Trump elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"EXLCtTkkxcmHrljYH6TR2Y1PB0urYZ42\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clapper also said he will \"push the envelope\" to make much of that report unclassified without jeopardizing sources or intelligence-gathering details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The public should know as much about this as possible,\" Clapper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to Clapper, testifying before the committee were Defense Undersecretary Marcel Lettre and Adm. Michael Rogers, commander of the U.S. Cyber Command of the National Security Agency. All three will be leaving their positions at the end of the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the first questions from McCain was about the involvement of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange. WikiLeaks. WikiLeaks published emails — from the account of Hillary Clinton's campaign manager John Podesta — that the intelligence community says were hacked by the Russians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assange has denied the Russian government gave WikiLeaks the emails. McCain asked Clapper if Assange had any credibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Not in my view,\" Clapper said, adding that Assange \"has put people at risk\" with revelations about U.S. intelligence gathering. \"I don't think those of us in the intelligence community have a whole lot of respect for him,\" Clapper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President-elect Trump, however, has openly questioned whether Russia was involved in the hacking, pointed to errors the intelligence community made over the existence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq and has appeared to back Assange in tweets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/816999062562107392\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/817004210529116160\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clapper also said there is a difference \"between skepticism and disparagement\" of the intelligence community. Trump has taken to Twitter, referring to \"Intelligence\" and its officials in quotations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clapper also testified that there is no evidence the Russian hacking changed vote tallies \"or anything of that sort.\" He did say, however, there is no way of gauging the impact of Russia's actions \"on choices the electorate made.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCain asked Clapper if the Russian cyber-intrusion constituted \"an act of war.\" Clapper responded that constitutes \"a very heavy policy call,\" which, he said, \"I don't think the intelligence communities should make.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he did say what was done carried \"great gravity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clapper added that Russia deployed more than just cyberattacks in its effort to disrupt the election, calling it a multifaceted campaign. \"The hacking was only one part of it,\" he said. \"It also entailed classical propaganda, disinformation, fake news,\" which he said was still going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a fair amount of talk about rocks and glass houses, with Republican Sen. Lindsey Graham of South Carolina calling the Obama administration's response to the hacking, a set of limited economic sanctions, just \"a pebble.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it comes to interfering with our election,\" Graham said, \"we better be ready to throw rocks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C., noted the U.S. has also attempted to interfere in other nations' elections. \"We live in a big glass house,\" Tillis said, \"and there are a lot of rocks to throw.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Committee Chairman John McCain, R-Ariz., said there is no national security interest \"more vital to the U.S. than the ability to hold free and fair elections without foreign interference,\" and that \"every American should be alarmed by Russia's attacks on our nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will ascribe\" a motive for the Russian cyberattack in the upcoming report, Clapper said. He wouldn't say Thursday what it is, but it has been widely reported that the intelligence agencies agree that Russia was trying to get Donald Trump elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clapper also said he will \"push the envelope\" to make much of that report unclassified without jeopardizing sources or intelligence-gathering details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The public should know as much about this as possible,\" Clapper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to Clapper, testifying before the committee were Defense Undersecretary Marcel Lettre and Adm. Michael Rogers, commander of the U.S. Cyber Command of the National Security Agency. All three will be leaving their positions at the end of the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the first questions from McCain was about the involvement of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange. WikiLeaks. WikiLeaks published emails — from the account of Hillary Clinton's campaign manager John Podesta — that the intelligence community says were hacked by the Russians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assange has denied the Russian government gave WikiLeaks the emails. McCain asked Clapper if Assange had any credibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Not in my view,\" Clapper said, adding that Assange \"has put people at risk\" with revelations about U.S. intelligence gathering. \"I don't think those of us in the intelligence community have a whole lot of respect for him,\" Clapper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President-elect Trump, however, has openly questioned whether Russia was involved in the hacking, pointed to errors the intelligence community made over the existence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq and has appeared to back Assange in tweets.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Clapper also said there is a difference \"between skepticism and disparagement\" of the intelligence community. Trump has taken to Twitter, referring to \"Intelligence\" and its officials in quotations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clapper also testified that there is no evidence the Russian hacking changed vote tallies \"or anything of that sort.\" He did say, however, there is no way of gauging the impact of Russia's actions \"on choices the electorate made.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCain asked Clapper if the Russian cyber-intrusion constituted \"an act of war.\" Clapper responded that constitutes \"a very heavy policy call,\" which, he said, \"I don't think the intelligence communities should make.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he did say what was done carried \"great gravity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clapper added that Russia deployed more than just cyberattacks in its effort to disrupt the election, calling it a multifaceted campaign. \"The hacking was only one part of it,\" he said. \"It also entailed classical propaganda, disinformation, fake news,\" which he said was still going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a fair amount of talk about rocks and glass houses, with Republican Sen. Lindsey Graham of South Carolina calling the Obama administration's response to the hacking, a set of limited economic sanctions, just \"a pebble.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it comes to interfering with our election,\" Graham said, \"we better be ready to throw rocks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C., noted the U.S. has also attempted to interfere in other nations' elections. \"We live in a big glass house,\" Tillis said, \"and there are a lot of rocks to throw.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Here’s a timely reminder for all you would-be revelers out there: Be careful with your countdowns this New Year’s Eve. There will be a little extra time to bask in the glow of a retreating 2016 — or curse its name, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/28/506718757/should-we-all-just-stop-calling-2016-the-worst\">as the case may be.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever your inclination, one thing is certain: Before the year is out, the world’s foremost authority on time will be adding one more second to the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://datacenter.iers.org/web/guest/eop/-/somos/5Rgv/latest/16\">bulletin released\u003c/a> this summer, the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service, or IERS, said it would be necessary to introduce a “leap second” at the end of December. Timekeepers use this added second much as leap years are used — to bring the world’s atomic clocks in sync with the Earth’s own distinctive rhythm, which in this case is determined by its rotation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This leap second isn’t the first. Since 1971, the world has added leap seconds with some regularity — typically every two to three years — and the latest leap second was added \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/30/418594948/11-59-60-look-for-an-extra-tick-of-the-clock-tonight\">only last year\u003c/a>, in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do these leap seconds keep cropping up? Peter Whibberley, a research scientist with the U.K.’s National Physical Laboratory, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npl.co.uk/news/what-will-you-do-with-your-extra-second\">explains it this way\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Atomic clocks are more than a million times better at keeping time than the rotation of the Earth, which fluctuates unpredictably. Leap seconds are needed to prevent civil time drifting away from Earth time. Although the drift is small — taking around a thousand years to accumulate a one-hour difference — if not corrected, it would eventually result in clocks showing midday before sunrise.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Recent research appears to back up Whibberley’s assessment. According to a study published earlier this month in \u003ca href=\"http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/472/2196/20160404\">the Proceedings of the Royal Society A\u003c/a>, Earth’s rotation has slowed about 1.8 milliseconds per day — which means the solar day itself has lengthened, little by little. The researchers based this assessment on records dating back to 760 B.C., long before the implementation of the precise atomic clocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-earth-longer-days-20161205-story.html\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> broke down the findings: “If humanity had been measuring time with an atomic clock that started running back in 700 BC, today that clock would read 7 p.m. when the sun is directly overhead rather than noon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, however useful they may seem, these little extras can occasionally cause some big frustrations, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2015/06/30/418924569/to-keep-up-with-earths-rotation-clocks-will-tick-an-extra-second-tonight\">NPR’s Geoff Brumfiel notes\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Leap seconds have crashed airline reservation systems. They’re believed to have briefly shut down Russia’s GPS satellite system, and there’s potential for even greater mischief as things like financial trading become ever more precise in their use of time.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And those issues have earned the humble leap second its fair share of critics, who argue that it is standing in the way of the precision promised by atomic clocks. These critics would prefer the steadiness that may come with unmooring the world’s measurement of time from its astronomical inspiration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has persisted \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/01/17/145355481/worlds-time-keepers-will-decide-the-fate-of-the-leap-second\">for years\u003c/a>, leaving the leap second with an uncertain fate. The United Nations \u003ca href=\"http://phys.org/news/2015-11-thoughts-countries-decision.html\">announced last year\u003c/a> that it will be postponing its decision on whether to keep the leap second around, saying that “further studies are required on the impact and application of a future reference time-scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization is not expected to return to the decision until 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this is to say: Whether you like it or not, the leap second will be sticking around a while longer — and so will 2016, even if only by a single second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Here’s a timely reminder for all you would-be revelers out there: Be careful with your countdowns this New Year’s Eve. There will be a little extra time to bask in the glow of a retreating 2016 — or curse its name, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/28/506718757/should-we-all-just-stop-calling-2016-the-worst\">as the case may be.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever your inclination, one thing is certain: Before the year is out, the world’s foremost authority on time will be adding one more second to the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://datacenter.iers.org/web/guest/eop/-/somos/5Rgv/latest/16\">bulletin released\u003c/a> this summer, the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service, or IERS, said it would be necessary to introduce a “leap second” at the end of December. Timekeepers use this added second much as leap years are used — to bring the world’s atomic clocks in sync with the Earth’s own distinctive rhythm, which in this case is determined by its rotation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This leap second isn’t the first. Since 1971, the world has added leap seconds with some regularity — typically every two to three years — and the latest leap second was added \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/30/418594948/11-59-60-look-for-an-extra-tick-of-the-clock-tonight\">only last year\u003c/a>, in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do these leap seconds keep cropping up? Peter Whibberley, a research scientist with the U.K.’s National Physical Laboratory, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npl.co.uk/news/what-will-you-do-with-your-extra-second\">explains it this way\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Atomic clocks are more than a million times better at keeping time than the rotation of the Earth, which fluctuates unpredictably. Leap seconds are needed to prevent civil time drifting away from Earth time. Although the drift is small — taking around a thousand years to accumulate a one-hour difference — if not corrected, it would eventually result in clocks showing midday before sunrise.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Recent research appears to back up Whibberley’s assessment. According to a study published earlier this month in \u003ca href=\"http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/472/2196/20160404\">the Proceedings of the Royal Society A\u003c/a>, Earth’s rotation has slowed about 1.8 milliseconds per day — which means the solar day itself has lengthened, little by little. The researchers based this assessment on records dating back to 760 B.C., long before the implementation of the precise atomic clocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-earth-longer-days-20161205-story.html\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> broke down the findings: “If humanity had been measuring time with an atomic clock that started running back in 700 BC, today that clock would read 7 p.m. when the sun is directly overhead rather than noon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, however useful they may seem, these little extras can occasionally cause some big frustrations, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2015/06/30/418924569/to-keep-up-with-earths-rotation-clocks-will-tick-an-extra-second-tonight\">NPR’s Geoff Brumfiel notes\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Leap seconds have crashed airline reservation systems. They’re believed to have briefly shut down Russia’s GPS satellite system, and there’s potential for even greater mischief as things like financial trading become ever more precise in their use of time.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And those issues have earned the humble leap second its fair share of critics, who argue that it is standing in the way of the precision promised by atomic clocks. These critics would prefer the steadiness that may come with unmooring the world’s measurement of time from its astronomical inspiration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has persisted \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/01/17/145355481/worlds-time-keepers-will-decide-the-fate-of-the-leap-second\">for years\u003c/a>, leaving the leap second with an uncertain fate. The United Nations \u003ca href=\"http://phys.org/news/2015-11-thoughts-countries-decision.html\">announced last year\u003c/a> that it will be postponing its decision on whether to keep the leap second around, saying that “further studies are required on the impact and application of a future reference time-scale.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization is not expected to return to the decision until 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All this is to say: Whether you like it or not, the leap second will be sticking around a while longer — and so will 2016, even if only by a single second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Amazon’s personal assistant device called Echo was one of the most popular gifts this Christmas. But this week, the device grabbed headlines for another reason: Police in Arkansas are trying to use its data in a murder investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we know from \u003ca href=\"https://contexte.aoc.arkansas.gov/imaging/IMAGES/DMS/CK_Image.Present2?DMS_ID=e7db0da1-0abf-4f18-88d3-4ccb7e39e4cc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">court documents\u003c/a> is that in November 2015, a man in Arkansas had some friends over at his house to watch a football game. In the morning, one of the friends was found dead in a hot tub in the backyard. Police later charged the man who lived in the house, James Bates, with murder. He has pleaded not guilty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the police were investigating the crime, they found a number of digital devices in the suspect’s house, including an Amazon Echo device that was in the kitchen. They have since seized the device and have apparently gotten some information from it, but what they want to check is what — if anything — the device may have recorded around the time of the murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how the device works: Echo is always listening for the wake, or trigger, word, which is usually “Alexa.” But experts say the storage capacity on the actual device is pretty minimal, so only a tiny amount is written and then overwritten as the device listens for the wake word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the wake word is said — and the blue light ring lights up — all the spoken queries get recorded and transmitted to Amazon servers. “To be clear, Echo is only streaming audio to the cloud when the blue light is on,” says Amazon spokeswoman Kinley Pearsall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a number of Echo users have reported \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/cover_story/2016/04/alexa_cortana_and_siri_aren_t_novelties_anymore_they_re_our_terrifyingly.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a creepy experience\u003c/a> of the device turning on and starting to talk without being prompted by the wake word “Alexa” — perhaps mishearing or misinterpreting conversations in the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in the Arkansas murder case, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.theinformation.com/amazon-echo-and-the-hot-tub-murder?shared=ec3cb4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">first reported\u003c/a> by tech industry news site \u003cem>The Information\u003c/em>, the police may be counting on such an accidental recording or something more. They served a search warrant to Amazon for data covering two days around the time of the murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon has satisfied a portion of the request. According to court documents, the company has provided “account holder information for James Bates and purchase history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Amazon declined to share information from its servers. The company has not commented on the specific case, but issued a statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Amazon will not release customer information without a valid and binding legal demand properly served on us. Amazon objects to overbroad or otherwise inappropriate demands as a matter of course.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>All this may remind you of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/series/469827708/the-apple-fbi-debate-over-encryption/archive\">the Apple-FBI standoff\u003c/a> over access to a locked iPhone in the San Bernardino shooting investigation. This isn’t exactly the same kind of case, but it’s another example of law enforcement turning to a tech company for access to personal data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy advocates have long predicted a wave of these kinds of cases — as we \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/12/05/504467134/despite-its-promise-the-internet-of-things-remains-vulnerable\">connect more and more things to the internet\u003c/a> and swarm our homes with digital devices, they will become involved in more crime investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, even in the Arkansas case, investigators are also using information from a smart water meter, alleging that an increase in water use in the middle of the night suggests a possible cleanup around the crime scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s going to be a more common occurrence — when the data, otherwise seemingly innocuous, could be used to draw inferences or guesses about habits and activities, says Nuala O’Connor, president and CEO of the Center for Democracy & Technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just one device, it’s putting together a whole bunch of different devices to make a case that is, some would argue possibly circumstantial, some would argue is incredibly compelling. And so the question is going to be, how much data is going to be enough to make a foolproof case?” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This has prompted calls for new policies and reviews of legal standards for how tech companies should comply with law enforcement and other government requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Particularly, privacy experts say new focus will fall on how much and how long private data are kept by the companies that create so-called internet-of-things devices as they become targets of not just investigators, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/21/498861897/whats-up-with-the-internet-today-websites-lag-dont-load-for-many-in-u-s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">but also hackers\u003c/a> and spy agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live in the world where we really haven’t settled the law or the standard of care for companies that provide in-home devices like that,” O’Connor says. “The standards of care — as companies have more and more really specific information about what goes on inside the home — has got to be higher and higher.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the law, guidelines and standards are far from settled. Besides, there’s also a big difference between data ending up in the hands of the company you know you’re doing business with and ending up in the hands of the government, she says. Plus — at least this case is actually following proper court procedure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A much larger concern I think for the country is … how much is the government asking for this behind closed doors” — including for investigations into people who haven’t been charged with any crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Amazon’s personal assistant device called Echo was one of the most popular gifts this Christmas. But this week, the device grabbed headlines for another reason: Police in Arkansas are trying to use its data in a murder investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we know from \u003ca href=\"https://contexte.aoc.arkansas.gov/imaging/IMAGES/DMS/CK_Image.Present2?DMS_ID=e7db0da1-0abf-4f18-88d3-4ccb7e39e4cc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">court documents\u003c/a> is that in November 2015, a man in Arkansas had some friends over at his house to watch a football game. In the morning, one of the friends was found dead in a hot tub in the backyard. Police later charged the man who lived in the house, James Bates, with murder. He has pleaded not guilty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the police were investigating the crime, they found a number of digital devices in the suspect’s house, including an Amazon Echo device that was in the kitchen. They have since seized the device and have apparently gotten some information from it, but what they want to check is what — if anything — the device may have recorded around the time of the murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how the device works: Echo is always listening for the wake, or trigger, word, which is usually “Alexa.” But experts say the storage capacity on the actual device is pretty minimal, so only a tiny amount is written and then overwritten as the device listens for the wake word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the wake word is said — and the blue light ring lights up — all the spoken queries get recorded and transmitted to Amazon servers. “To be clear, Echo is only streaming audio to the cloud when the blue light is on,” says Amazon spokeswoman Kinley Pearsall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a number of Echo users have reported \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/cover_story/2016/04/alexa_cortana_and_siri_aren_t_novelties_anymore_they_re_our_terrifyingly.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a creepy experience\u003c/a> of the device turning on and starting to talk without being prompted by the wake word “Alexa” — perhaps mishearing or misinterpreting conversations in the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in the Arkansas murder case, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.theinformation.com/amazon-echo-and-the-hot-tub-murder?shared=ec3cb4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">first reported\u003c/a> by tech industry news site \u003cem>The Information\u003c/em>, the police may be counting on such an accidental recording or something more. They served a search warrant to Amazon for data covering two days around the time of the murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amazon has satisfied a portion of the request. According to court documents, the company has provided “account holder information for James Bates and purchase history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Amazon declined to share information from its servers. The company has not commented on the specific case, but issued a statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Amazon will not release customer information without a valid and binding legal demand properly served on us. Amazon objects to overbroad or otherwise inappropriate demands as a matter of course.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>All this may remind you of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/series/469827708/the-apple-fbi-debate-over-encryption/archive\">the Apple-FBI standoff\u003c/a> over access to a locked iPhone in the San Bernardino shooting investigation. This isn’t exactly the same kind of case, but it’s another example of law enforcement turning to a tech company for access to personal data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy advocates have long predicted a wave of these kinds of cases — as we \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/12/05/504467134/despite-its-promise-the-internet-of-things-remains-vulnerable\">connect more and more things to the internet\u003c/a> and swarm our homes with digital devices, they will become involved in more crime investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, even in the Arkansas case, investigators are also using information from a smart water meter, alleging that an increase in water use in the middle of the night suggests a possible cleanup around the crime scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s going to be a more common occurrence — when the data, otherwise seemingly innocuous, could be used to draw inferences or guesses about habits and activities, says Nuala O’Connor, president and CEO of the Center for Democracy & Technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just one device, it’s putting together a whole bunch of different devices to make a case that is, some would argue possibly circumstantial, some would argue is incredibly compelling. And so the question is going to be, how much data is going to be enough to make a foolproof case?” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This has prompted calls for new policies and reviews of legal standards for how tech companies should comply with law enforcement and other government requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Particularly, privacy experts say new focus will fall on how much and how long private data are kept by the companies that create so-called internet-of-things devices as they become targets of not just investigators, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/21/498861897/whats-up-with-the-internet-today-websites-lag-dont-load-for-many-in-u-s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">but also hackers\u003c/a> and spy agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live in the world where we really haven’t settled the law or the standard of care for companies that provide in-home devices like that,” O’Connor says. “The standards of care — as companies have more and more really specific information about what goes on inside the home — has got to be higher and higher.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the law, guidelines and standards are far from settled. Besides, there’s also a big difference between data ending up in the hands of the company you know you’re doing business with and ending up in the hands of the government, she says. Plus — at least this case is actually following proper court procedure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A much larger concern I think for the country is … how much is the government asking for this behind closed doors” — including for investigations into people who haven’t been charged with any crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]f you’ve walked past Adobe’s corporate headquarters in downtown San Jose, you may have spotted them: four big orange LED lights that look like flat-head screws, turning in apparently random patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week’s Bay Curious question comes from listener Geoff Morgan, who wanted to know:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do the turning wheels on the top of the Adobe building mean?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To start with, it helps to know Adobe makes computer software for people who work with words, pictures and sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the core of our DNA, really, is art and technology,” says Siri Lackovic, the company’s senior brand strategist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why you’ll find clever art installations all over their office towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbkhD0SDyI8]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siri is one of the two people on the planet who know the whole story behind the glowing orange orbs Geoff noticed. The other person, of course, is the guy who came up with the concept, New York artist \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/benrubin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ben Rubin.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hope is that someone would look up and say: ‘What is that?’ ” Ben says. “What is that thing trying to say, you know? What is its message?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name of this installation is San Jose Semaphore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Semaphore, by definition, is really a form of visual communication,” Siri explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Way back when, the only way to communicate surreptitiously over a short distance — say, from land to a ship — would be to rely on flag bearers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would hold up the flag, and depending on the position of the flag, would let them know if it was safe to come in, or better to stay put,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This resonates with Geoff, the KQED listener who asked the question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I actually was in the Navy, and so I remember people communicating with flags, and it was always interesting to me because it looked very official, but a lot of times, they were talking about the latest baseball scores from ship to ship and things like that,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the short story on San Jose Semaphore is that it’s an art installation. The \u003cem>long\u003c/em> story stretches back to artist Ben Rubin’s childhood in Boston during the 1970s. Back then, he owned a Heathkit shortwave radio. Sometimes, when he turned it on, he’d hear the strangest things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These sort of clicks and beeps and mechanized announcements,” Ben says. “Who could not listen to an encrypted message and not wonder what it says, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR reported in a 2000 feature for the “Lost and Found Sound” series, these were \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QP5J9-D7_jw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">numbers stations\u003c/a>, shortwave radio broadcasts that historians believe transmitted messages to spies stationed around the world, starting in World War I.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the average listener, the letters, numbers and songs broadcast on the stations sound random. But if you have the key to decode the gobbledygook — it’s a message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QnXPqUU6fI0]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben was fascinated by these numbers stations. So when it came time for college, he got a bachelor’s degree in computer science and semiotics, the study of signs and symbols. After graduation, he starting making art inspired by his studies. Now he makes media installations using technology, sound, images and physical structures — like the piece on the top of Adobe’s building in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley Loves A Challenge\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Each of these orange discs can assume four positions: horizontal, left-leaning diagonal, vertical, right-leaning diagonal. Four positions, plus four discs, means there are 256 possible combinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every 7.2 seconds, those wheels turn to a new configuration of sort of positions. Then they rest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they’re in that resting position, that actually is a word or a letter,” Siri says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those of us who think with our ears better than with our eyes, Ben made an audio version of the code that plays on \u003ca href=\"http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/philanthropy/sjsemaphore/transmission.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe\u003c/a>’s website. Here’s a sample …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/294475506″ params=”color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false&show_user=true” width=”100%” height=”20″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using just the audio alone, you could solve the code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody could,” Siri says. “I don’t know if I could have guessed that, but yes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t know about you, but this seems way too complicated for a person of average intelligence to crack. In fact, the technology Ben Rubin is using is a variation on state-of-the-art World War II cryptography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, it \u003cem>did\u003c/em> take a genius to figure out: Alan Turing, a pioneer of modern-day computing and the subject of that movie, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://theimitationgamemovie.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“The Imitation Game.”\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In World War II, the Germans developed something called “the enigma machine,” a diabolical typewriter with several rotating discs in the back. Every time you pressed, say, an “a,” a different letter popped up on the paper. Totally confusing. The messages are almost impossible to crack, unless you \u003cem>also\u003c/em> have an enigma machine, and directions so that your rotating discs are set up the exact same way they are at headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Because Some of You Are Seriously Curious\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcX7iO_XCFA]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with San Jose Semaphore, Ben isn’t using an enigma machine, and neither are you. So he has to include the key to decode the message in the transmission. Periodically, the discs will flash a line, which, when decoded, says something like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>START MESSAGE TRANSMISSION 2-4-1: ROTUNDA\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nor\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>START MESSAGE TRANSMISSION 2-2-6: FACTION\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It always begins with “Start message transmission.” And then three numbers. And then a word. This is followed by chunks of text that make no sense unless you realize that the “start message” line is actually a header — a key — with the information necessary to decode the paragraph that follows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just the way that the German enigma operators needed, at the beginning of each day, to establish certain settings in the machine,” Ben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, just for fun, Ben added another confusing element, inspired by the fact planes headed to and from San Jose International Airport fly incessantly over downtown. Every time an airplane passes close by Adobe’s office towers, the orange discs spin wildly for a bit, before returning to their regularly scheduled programming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”mL8GtpojMBuTzckG7Fn18oAuKY06lOyE”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as complicated as all of this sounds, the code was cracked within a month of installation by Bob Mayo and Mark Snesrud, two scientists who were in town for a conference. They spotted the semaphore and became obsessed. They wrote an entire \u003ca href=\"http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/philanthropy/sjsemaphore/pdf/decoding.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scientific paper\u003c/a> explaining how they broke the code. The first sentence they decoded was …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The beginning of that performance was clear enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All they had to do then was plug that sentence in to Google, and presto: It’s a line from Thomas Pynchon’s \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crying_of_Lot_49\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“The Crying of Lot 49.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a novel that [Pynchon] wrote in the late ’60s that’s set in a kind of proto-Silicon Valley part of California,” Ben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The message was the entire book, from end to end, which took about three months to transmit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was both impressed and disappointed that it had fallen so quickly,” Ben laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he came up with a second code (a tougher code!) that hasn’t been cracked in four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We get a lot of, ‘I think it says: Buy Adobe products,’ ” Siri says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think ‘Beam me up, Scotty,’ was probably the funniest one,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope, it’s not that either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honestly, folks: If the first code was “The Crying of Lot 49,” the second code is not going to be so obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You want to know who knows what the code is?” Siri teases. “Only two people in the world — the artist and then one other person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, she won’t give it up. But she does drop a hint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t need to be a book. It could just be a series of words put together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is our listener, Geoff, going to try to crack the code?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to leave that to greater minds than me. But I can’t wait to see who cracks it. I think this will be great,” he laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a crack at decoding \u003ca href=\"http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/philanthropy/sjsemaphore/transmission.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Jose Semaphore’s new message\u003c/a>. And let us know if you solve it!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This podcast features music by Yusuke Tsutsumi (“Untitled 9”) and Eric & Ryan Kilkenny (“Bongo Avenger”).\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got a question you want to see the Bay Curious team take on? \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Submit it!\u003c/a> Be sure to subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iTunes\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/music/listen?u=0#/ps/Ipi2mc5aqfen4nr2daayiziiyuy\">Google Play\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\">NPR One\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>f you’ve walked past Adobe’s corporate headquarters in downtown San Jose, you may have spotted them: four big orange LED lights that look like flat-head screws, turning in apparently random patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week’s Bay Curious question comes from listener Geoff Morgan, who wanted to know:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do the turning wheels on the top of the Adobe building mean?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To start with, it helps to know Adobe makes computer software for people who work with words, pictures and sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the core of our DNA, really, is art and technology,” says Siri Lackovic, the company’s senior brand strategist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why you’ll find clever art installations all over their office towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/pbkhD0SDyI8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/pbkhD0SDyI8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siri is one of the two people on the planet who know the whole story behind the glowing orange orbs Geoff noticed. The other person, of course, is the guy who came up with the concept, New York artist \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/benrubin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ben Rubin.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hope is that someone would look up and say: ‘What is that?’ ” Ben says. “What is that thing trying to say, you know? What is its message?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name of this installation is San Jose Semaphore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Semaphore, by definition, is really a form of visual communication,” Siri explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Way back when, the only way to communicate surreptitiously over a short distance — say, from land to a ship — would be to rely on flag bearers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would hold up the flag, and depending on the position of the flag, would let them know if it was safe to come in, or better to stay put,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This resonates with Geoff, the KQED listener who asked the question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I actually was in the Navy, and so I remember people communicating with flags, and it was always interesting to me because it looked very official, but a lot of times, they were talking about the latest baseball scores from ship to ship and things like that,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the short story on San Jose Semaphore is that it’s an art installation. The \u003cem>long\u003c/em> story stretches back to artist Ben Rubin’s childhood in Boston during the 1970s. Back then, he owned a Heathkit shortwave radio. Sometimes, when he turned it on, he’d hear the strangest things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These sort of clicks and beeps and mechanized announcements,” Ben says. “Who could not listen to an encrypted message and not wonder what it says, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR reported in a 2000 feature for the “Lost and Found Sound” series, these were \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QP5J9-D7_jw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">numbers stations\u003c/a>, shortwave radio broadcasts that historians believe transmitted messages to spies stationed around the world, starting in World War I.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the average listener, the letters, numbers and songs broadcast on the stations sound random. But if you have the key to decode the gobbledygook — it’s a message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/QnXPqUU6fI0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/QnXPqUU6fI0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben was fascinated by these numbers stations. So when it came time for college, he got a bachelor’s degree in computer science and semiotics, the study of signs and symbols. After graduation, he starting making art inspired by his studies. Now he makes media installations using technology, sound, images and physical structures — like the piece on the top of Adobe’s building in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley Loves A Challenge\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Each of these orange discs can assume four positions: horizontal, left-leaning diagonal, vertical, right-leaning diagonal. Four positions, plus four discs, means there are 256 possible combinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every 7.2 seconds, those wheels turn to a new configuration of sort of positions. Then they rest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they’re in that resting position, that actually is a word or a letter,” Siri says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those of us who think with our ears better than with our eyes, Ben made an audio version of the code that plays on \u003ca href=\"http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/philanthropy/sjsemaphore/transmission.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe\u003c/a>’s website. Here’s a sample …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”20″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/294475506″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false&show_user=true”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/294475506″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using just the audio alone, you could solve the code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody could,” Siri says. “I don’t know if I could have guessed that, but yes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t know about you, but this seems way too complicated for a person of average intelligence to crack. In fact, the technology Ben Rubin is using is a variation on state-of-the-art World War II cryptography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, it \u003cem>did\u003c/em> take a genius to figure out: Alan Turing, a pioneer of modern-day computing and the subject of that movie, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://theimitationgamemovie.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“The Imitation Game.”\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In World War II, the Germans developed something called “the enigma machine,” a diabolical typewriter with several rotating discs in the back. Every time you pressed, say, an “a,” a different letter popped up on the paper. Totally confusing. The messages are almost impossible to crack, unless you \u003cem>also\u003c/em> have an enigma machine, and directions so that your rotating discs are set up the exact same way they are at headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Because Some of You Are Seriously Curious\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/mcX7iO_XCFA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/mcX7iO_XCFA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with San Jose Semaphore, Ben isn’t using an enigma machine, and neither are you. So he has to include the key to decode the message in the transmission. Periodically, the discs will flash a line, which, when decoded, says something like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>START MESSAGE TRANSMISSION 2-4-1: ROTUNDA\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nor\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>START MESSAGE TRANSMISSION 2-2-6: FACTION\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It always begins with “Start message transmission.” And then three numbers. And then a word. This is followed by chunks of text that make no sense unless you realize that the “start message” line is actually a header — a key — with the information necessary to decode the paragraph that follows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just the way that the German enigma operators needed, at the beginning of each day, to establish certain settings in the machine,” Ben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, just for fun, Ben added another confusing element, inspired by the fact planes headed to and from San Jose International Airport fly incessantly over downtown. Every time an airplane passes close by Adobe’s office towers, the orange discs spin wildly for a bit, before returning to their regularly scheduled programming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as complicated as all of this sounds, the code was cracked within a month of installation by Bob Mayo and Mark Snesrud, two scientists who were in town for a conference. They spotted the semaphore and became obsessed. They wrote an entire \u003ca href=\"http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/philanthropy/sjsemaphore/pdf/decoding.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scientific paper\u003c/a> explaining how they broke the code. The first sentence they decoded was …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The beginning of that performance was clear enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All they had to do then was plug that sentence in to Google, and presto: It’s a line from Thomas Pynchon’s \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crying_of_Lot_49\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“The Crying of Lot 49.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a novel that [Pynchon] wrote in the late ’60s that’s set in a kind of proto-Silicon Valley part of California,” Ben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The message was the entire book, from end to end, which took about three months to transmit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was both impressed and disappointed that it had fallen so quickly,” Ben laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he came up with a second code (a tougher code!) that hasn’t been cracked in four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We get a lot of, ‘I think it says: Buy Adobe products,’ ” Siri says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think ‘Beam me up, Scotty,’ was probably the funniest one,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope, it’s not that either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honestly, folks: If the first code was “The Crying of Lot 49,” the second code is not going to be so obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You want to know who knows what the code is?” Siri teases. “Only two people in the world — the artist and then one other person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, she won’t give it up. But she does drop a hint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t need to be a book. It could just be a series of words put together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is our listener, Geoff, going to try to crack the code?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to leave that to greater minds than me. But I can’t wait to see who cracks it. I think this will be great,” he laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a crack at decoding \u003ca href=\"http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/philanthropy/sjsemaphore/transmission.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Jose Semaphore’s new message\u003c/a>. And let us know if you solve it!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This podcast features music by Yusuke Tsutsumi (“Untitled 9”) and Eric & Ryan Kilkenny (“Bongo Avenger”).\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got a question you want to see the Bay Curious team take on? \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Submit it!\u003c/a> Be sure to subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iTunes\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/music/listen?u=0#/ps/Ipi2mc5aqfen4nr2daayiziiyuy\">Google Play\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\">NPR One\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Facebook Doesn't Tell Users Everything it Really Knows About Them",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facebook has long let users see all sorts of things the site knows about them, like whether they enjoy soccer, have recently moved, or like Melania Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the tech giant gives users little indication that it buys far more sensitive data about them, including their income, the types of restaurants they frequent and even how many credit cards are in their wallets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/299845010\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since September, ProPublica has been encouraging Facebook users to \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/breaking-the-black-box-what-facebook-knows-about-you\">share the categories of interest\u003c/a> that the site has assigned to them. Users showed us everything from \"Pretending to Text in Awkward Situations\" to \"Breastfeeding in Public.\" In total, we collected more than 52,000 unique attributes that Facebook has used to classify users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook's site says it gets information about its users \"from a few different sources.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the page doesn't say is that those sources include \u003ca href=\"http://lifehacker.com/5994380/how-facebook-uses-your-data-to-target-ads-even-offline\">detailed dossiers\u003c/a> obtained from commercial data brokers about users' offline lives. Nor does Facebook show users any of the often remarkably detailed information it gets from those brokers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are not being honest,\" said Jeffrey Chester, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.democraticmedia.org/about\">Center for Digital Democracy\u003c/a>. \"Facebook is bundling a dozen different data companies to target an individual customer, and an individual should have access to that bundle as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked this week about the lack of disclosure, Facebook responded that it doesn't tell users about the third-party data because it's widely available and was not collected by Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our approach to controls for third-party categories is somewhat different than our approach for Facebook-specific categories,\" said Steve Satterfield, a Facebook manager of privacy and public policy. \"This is because the data providers we work with generally make their categories available across many different ad platforms, not just on Facebook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Satterfield said users who don't want that information to be available to Facebook should contact the data brokers directly. He said users can visit a \u003ca href=\"https://m.facebook.com/help/494750870625830?helpref=uf_permalink.\">page in Facebook's help center\u003c/a>, which provides links to the opt-outs for six data brokers that sell personal data to Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limiting commercial data brokers' distribution of your personal information is no simple matter. For instance, opting out of Oracle's Datalogix, which provides about 350 types of data to Facebook according to our analysis, requires \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.oracle.com/legal/privacy/marketing-cloud-data-cloud-privacy-policy.html\">sending a written request\u003c/a>, along with a copy of government-issued identification\" in postal mail to Oracle's chief privacy officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Users can ask data brokers to show them the information stored about them. But that can also be complicated. One Facebook broker, Acxiom, requires people to send the \u003ca href=\"https://aboutthedata.com\">last four digits of their social security number\u003c/a> to obtain their data. Facebook changes its providers from time to time so members would have to regularly visit the help center page to protect their privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of us actually tried to do what Facebook suggests. While writing a book about privacy in 2013, reporter Julia Angwin \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/privacy-tools-opting-out-from-data-brokers\">tried to opt out\u003c/a> from as many data brokers as she could. Of the 92 brokers she identified that accepted opt-outs, 65 of them required her to submit a form of identification such as a driver's license. In the end, she could not remove her data from the majority of providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ProPublica's experiment to gather Facebook's ad categories from readers was part of our Black Box series, which explores the power of algorithms in our lives. Facebook uses algorithms not only to determine the news and advertisements that it displays to users, but also to categorize its users in tens of thousands of micro-targetable groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our crowd-sourced data showed us that Facebook's categories range from innocuous groupings of people who like southern food to sensitive categories such as \"Ethnic Affinity\" which categorizes people based on their affinity for African-Americans, Hispanics and other ethnic groups. Advertisers can target ads toward a group 2014 or exclude ads from being shown to a particular group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, after ProPublica \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/facebook-lets-advertisers-exclude-users-by-race\">bought a Facebook ad\u003c/a> in its housing categories that excluded African-Americans, Hispanics and Asian-Americans, the company said it would \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/facebook-to-stop-allowing-some-advertisers-to-exclude-users-by-race\">build an automated system\u003c/a> to help it spot ads that illegally discriminate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been working with data brokers since 2012 when it signed a deal with Datalogix. This prompted Chester, the privacy advocate at the Center for Digital Democracy, to file a complaint with the Federal Trade Commission alleging that Facebook had violated a consent decree with the agency on privacy issues. The FTC has never publicly responded to that complaint and Facebook subsequently signed deals with five other data brokers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out exactly what type of data Facebook buys from brokers, we downloaded a list of 29,000 categories that the site provides to ad buyers. Nearly 600 of the categories were described as being provided by third-party data brokers. (Most categories were described as being generated by clicking pages or ads on Facebook.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The categories from commercial data brokers were largely financial, such as \"total liquid investible assets $1-$24,999,\" \"People in households that have an estimated household income of between $100K and $125K, or even \"Individuals that are frequent transactor at lower cost department or dollar stores.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We compared the data broker categories with the crowd-sourced list of what Facebook tells users about themselves. We found none of the data broker information on any of the tens of the thousands of \"interests\" that Facebook showed users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our tool also allowed users to react to the categories they were placed in as being \"wrong,\" \"creepy\" or \"spot on.\" The category that received the most votes for \"wrong\" was \"Farmville slots.\" The category that got the most votes for \"creepy\" was \"Away from family.\" And the category that was rated most \"spot on\" was \"NPR.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>ProPublica is a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative newsroom. Sign up for their \u003ca href=\"http://www.propublica.org/forms/newsletter_daily_email\">newsletter\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[propublicaFB]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facebook has long let users see all sorts of things the site knows about them, like whether they enjoy soccer, have recently moved, or like Melania Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the tech giant gives users little indication that it buys far more sensitive data about them, including their income, the types of restaurants they frequent and even how many credit cards are in their wallets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/299845010&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/299845010'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since September, ProPublica has been encouraging Facebook users to \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/breaking-the-black-box-what-facebook-knows-about-you\">share the categories of interest\u003c/a> that the site has assigned to them. Users showed us everything from \"Pretending to Text in Awkward Situations\" to \"Breastfeeding in Public.\" In total, we collected more than 52,000 unique attributes that Facebook has used to classify users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook's site says it gets information about its users \"from a few different sources.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the page doesn't say is that those sources include \u003ca href=\"http://lifehacker.com/5994380/how-facebook-uses-your-data-to-target-ads-even-offline\">detailed dossiers\u003c/a> obtained from commercial data brokers about users' offline lives. Nor does Facebook show users any of the often remarkably detailed information it gets from those brokers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are not being honest,\" said Jeffrey Chester, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.democraticmedia.org/about\">Center for Digital Democracy\u003c/a>. \"Facebook is bundling a dozen different data companies to target an individual customer, and an individual should have access to that bundle as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked this week about the lack of disclosure, Facebook responded that it doesn't tell users about the third-party data because it's widely available and was not collected by Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our approach to controls for third-party categories is somewhat different than our approach for Facebook-specific categories,\" said Steve Satterfield, a Facebook manager of privacy and public policy. \"This is because the data providers we work with generally make their categories available across many different ad platforms, not just on Facebook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Satterfield said users who don't want that information to be available to Facebook should contact the data brokers directly. He said users can visit a \u003ca href=\"https://m.facebook.com/help/494750870625830?helpref=uf_permalink.\">page in Facebook's help center\u003c/a>, which provides links to the opt-outs for six data brokers that sell personal data to Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limiting commercial data brokers' distribution of your personal information is no simple matter. For instance, opting out of Oracle's Datalogix, which provides about 350 types of data to Facebook according to our analysis, requires \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.oracle.com/legal/privacy/marketing-cloud-data-cloud-privacy-policy.html\">sending a written request\u003c/a>, along with a copy of government-issued identification\" in postal mail to Oracle's chief privacy officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Users can ask data brokers to show them the information stored about them. But that can also be complicated. One Facebook broker, Acxiom, requires people to send the \u003ca href=\"https://aboutthedata.com\">last four digits of their social security number\u003c/a> to obtain their data. Facebook changes its providers from time to time so members would have to regularly visit the help center page to protect their privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of us actually tried to do what Facebook suggests. While writing a book about privacy in 2013, reporter Julia Angwin \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/privacy-tools-opting-out-from-data-brokers\">tried to opt out\u003c/a> from as many data brokers as she could. Of the 92 brokers she identified that accepted opt-outs, 65 of them required her to submit a form of identification such as a driver's license. In the end, she could not remove her data from the majority of providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ProPublica's experiment to gather Facebook's ad categories from readers was part of our Black Box series, which explores the power of algorithms in our lives. Facebook uses algorithms not only to determine the news and advertisements that it displays to users, but also to categorize its users in tens of thousands of micro-targetable groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our crowd-sourced data showed us that Facebook's categories range from innocuous groupings of people who like southern food to sensitive categories such as \"Ethnic Affinity\" which categorizes people based on their affinity for African-Americans, Hispanics and other ethnic groups. Advertisers can target ads toward a group 2014 or exclude ads from being shown to a particular group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, after ProPublica \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/facebook-lets-advertisers-exclude-users-by-race\">bought a Facebook ad\u003c/a> in its housing categories that excluded African-Americans, Hispanics and Asian-Americans, the company said it would \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/facebook-to-stop-allowing-some-advertisers-to-exclude-users-by-race\">build an automated system\u003c/a> to help it spot ads that illegally discriminate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has been working with data brokers since 2012 when it signed a deal with Datalogix. This prompted Chester, the privacy advocate at the Center for Digital Democracy, to file a complaint with the Federal Trade Commission alleging that Facebook had violated a consent decree with the agency on privacy issues. The FTC has never publicly responded to that complaint and Facebook subsequently signed deals with five other data brokers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out exactly what type of data Facebook buys from brokers, we downloaded a list of 29,000 categories that the site provides to ad buyers. Nearly 600 of the categories were described as being provided by third-party data brokers. (Most categories were described as being generated by clicking pages or ads on Facebook.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The categories from commercial data brokers were largely financial, such as \"total liquid investible assets $1-$24,999,\" \"People in households that have an estimated household income of between $100K and $125K, or even \"Individuals that are frequent transactor at lower cost department or dollar stores.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We compared the data broker categories with the crowd-sourced list of what Facebook tells users about themselves. We found none of the data broker information on any of the tens of the thousands of \"interests\" that Facebook showed users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our tool also allowed users to react to the categories they were placed in as being \"wrong,\" \"creepy\" or \"spot on.\" The category that received the most votes for \"wrong\" was \"Farmville slots.\" The category that got the most votes for \"creepy\" was \"Away from family.\" And the category that was rated most \"spot on\" was \"NPR.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>ProPublica is a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative newsroom. Sign up for their \u003ca href=\"http://www.propublica.org/forms/newsletter_daily_email\">newsletter\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[propublicaFB]\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Facebook Charter School Collaboration Draws Fans and Skeptics",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg is three years into his second big investment in education reform, after his first investment of $100 million in Newark public schools was \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/27/business/dealbook/the-melting-of-mark-zuckerbergs-donation-to-newark-schools.html?_r=0\">widely criticized as being a waste of money\u003c/a>. He’s given $120 million to invest in Bay Area schools, but this time he’s choosing to work with programs already claiming success. One is a Bay Area-based network of charter schools called \u003ca href=\"http://summitps.org/schools/california\">Summit\u003c/a> that says it’s redefining how teachers teach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summit founder Diane Tavenner founded the first school in Redwood City in 2003 after spending 10 years as a teacher. After having grown up in a poor town near Lake Tahoe and seeing many of her classmates not graduate from high school, she wanted to create a school where students would be engaged in their learning and finish successfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her idea was to create a program where students meet grade-level goals, but manage their own time and learn lessons to hit those goals -- basically taking tests and completing projects when they feel ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Personalized learning, at its heart, is about a student owning and driving their own learning,\" Tavenner explains. \"And connecting their future to what they’re doing every day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a fresh idea, but it started out with a low technology threshold to support it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the years we got better and technology got better. Those Word docs became PDFs and then Google Docs,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Summit teachers were personalizing learning the old-fashioned way -- using worksheets to keep track of students' progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As her charter network expanded from its single Redwood City location to more locations in California and Washington, they needed a better way to share data. In 2012, she hired an engineer to create a platform all her schools could use -- students, teachers and parents alike, from anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in 2014, lightning struck. Mark Zuckerberg showed up to tour a Summit school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mark said to me, 'Can I meet your engineering team?' And I said ‘Oh, sure, here’s Sam,’ and he said, 'Just one?' \" Tavenner recalls. “And he said, ‘What you’re doing is really important, and I’d love to help you. What Facebook does well is engineering, so how about we give you some engineering support so you can make this better?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11233195\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11233195\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Students mill about the atrium of Summit Prep in Redwood City.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students mill about the atrium of Summit Prep in Redwood City. \u003ccite>(Sarah Tan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg put a team of engineers to work inside Summit. Today, the schools can process student data on the spot. Teachers get up-to-the-minute feedback about how quickly students are learning, and they can also talk directly to the engineers about how they’d like the program shaped to better meet their classroom needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In National Rollout, One Size Does Not Fit All\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, more than 100 schools across the country use the Facebook-Summit platform free of cost. Oakland Urban Promise Academy is one of those schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veteran Oakland teacher Lisa Hiltbrand said the program has given her more time to respond individually to students, but it hasn’t been without problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The majority of our students are second-language learners, and many of them are reading multiple years below grade level,” Hiltbrand says. “So we’ve had to do a lot of modification around that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For students, the program can take some getting used to. Edgar Anaya is a senior at a Summit school in Redwood City who has been working in Summit’s personalized learning setting for three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In middle school, my teacher kind of told me what to do. There was always that guidance there. Transitioning to Summit, it was more on me to do my work,” Anaya says. \"I was falling behind, and it wasn’t really anyone’s fault but mine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He adds that he will definitely continue to use the skills he’s learned at Summit after he graduates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Next year, I’ll be a freshman in college, and I think it’s a great way to hold myself accountable, focus my learning on what I want,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook isn’t the only company helping schools develop programs to connect parents, students and teachers. Companies like Blackboard and Khan Academy offer ways for students to learn online at their own pace, and also give teachers and parents a way to check in on a student’s progress. Some charge schools to use their platform; some don't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Critics Worry About Student Data Mining\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Feldstein, an education technology consultant at MindWires Consulting, says the term “personalized learning\" is overhyped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing you need to understand about the industry is 'personalized learning' is a marketing term,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He adds that although Facebook’s intentions with Summit seem well-meaning, the program does collect a lot of data about students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important with any system like this to have a very clear, legally binding understanding of what will and will not happen with that data. And it’s even more important where the company’s motivation isn’t clear,” Feldstein says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His business partner, Phil Hill, likewise cautions people against thinking of\u003ca href=\"https://www.summitlearning.org/\"> the Facebook-Summit platform\u003c/a>, or any personalized learning platform, as a silver bullet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Technology shows a lot of promise: real opportunity, real need,” Hill says of classrooms today. But the technology should serve the needs of excellent teachers. “This isn’t magic technology, it’s technology enabling teaching.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While both agree that they believe Facebook’s venture with Summit is philanthropic at the moment, they say it’s good to keep a healthy amount of skepticism as this new education platform is rolled out across the country.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A $120 million investment in Bay Area schools by Mark Zuckerberg has spawned a national teaching platform that Facebook offers schools for free.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg is three years into his second big investment in education reform, after his first investment of $100 million in Newark public schools was \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/27/business/dealbook/the-melting-of-mark-zuckerbergs-donation-to-newark-schools.html?_r=0\">widely criticized as being a waste of money\u003c/a>. He’s given $120 million to invest in Bay Area schools, but this time he’s choosing to work with programs already claiming success. One is a Bay Area-based network of charter schools called \u003ca href=\"http://summitps.org/schools/california\">Summit\u003c/a> that says it’s redefining how teachers teach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summit founder Diane Tavenner founded the first school in Redwood City in 2003 after spending 10 years as a teacher. After having grown up in a poor town near Lake Tahoe and seeing many of her classmates not graduate from high school, she wanted to create a school where students would be engaged in their learning and finish successfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her idea was to create a program where students meet grade-level goals, but manage their own time and learn lessons to hit those goals -- basically taking tests and completing projects when they feel ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Personalized learning, at its heart, is about a student owning and driving their own learning,\" Tavenner explains. \"And connecting their future to what they’re doing every day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a fresh idea, but it started out with a low technology threshold to support it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the years we got better and technology got better. Those Word docs became PDFs and then Google Docs,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Summit teachers were personalizing learning the old-fashioned way -- using worksheets to keep track of students' progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As her charter network expanded from its single Redwood City location to more locations in California and Washington, they needed a better way to share data. In 2012, she hired an engineer to create a platform all her schools could use -- students, teachers and parents alike, from anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in 2014, lightning struck. Mark Zuckerberg showed up to tour a Summit school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mark said to me, 'Can I meet your engineering team?' And I said ‘Oh, sure, here’s Sam,’ and he said, 'Just one?' \" Tavenner recalls. “And he said, ‘What you’re doing is really important, and I’d love to help you. What Facebook does well is engineering, so how about we give you some engineering support so you can make this better?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11233195\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11233195\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Students mill about the atrium of Summit Prep in Redwood City.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/IMG_1493-800x600-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students mill about the atrium of Summit Prep in Redwood City. \u003ccite>(Sarah Tan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg put a team of engineers to work inside Summit. Today, the schools can process student data on the spot. Teachers get up-to-the-minute feedback about how quickly students are learning, and they can also talk directly to the engineers about how they’d like the program shaped to better meet their classroom needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In National Rollout, One Size Does Not Fit All\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, more than 100 schools across the country use the Facebook-Summit platform free of cost. Oakland Urban Promise Academy is one of those schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veteran Oakland teacher Lisa Hiltbrand said the program has given her more time to respond individually to students, but it hasn’t been without problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The majority of our students are second-language learners, and many of them are reading multiple years below grade level,” Hiltbrand says. “So we’ve had to do a lot of modification around that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For students, the program can take some getting used to. Edgar Anaya is a senior at a Summit school in Redwood City who has been working in Summit’s personalized learning setting for three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In middle school, my teacher kind of told me what to do. There was always that guidance there. Transitioning to Summit, it was more on me to do my work,” Anaya says. \"I was falling behind, and it wasn’t really anyone’s fault but mine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He adds that he will definitely continue to use the skills he’s learned at Summit after he graduates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Next year, I’ll be a freshman in college, and I think it’s a great way to hold myself accountable, focus my learning on what I want,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook isn’t the only company helping schools develop programs to connect parents, students and teachers. Companies like Blackboard and Khan Academy offer ways for students to learn online at their own pace, and also give teachers and parents a way to check in on a student’s progress. Some charge schools to use their platform; some don't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Critics Worry About Student Data Mining\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Feldstein, an education technology consultant at MindWires Consulting, says the term “personalized learning\" is overhyped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing you need to understand about the industry is 'personalized learning' is a marketing term,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He adds that although Facebook’s intentions with Summit seem well-meaning, the program does collect a lot of data about students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important with any system like this to have a very clear, legally binding understanding of what will and will not happen with that data. And it’s even more important where the company’s motivation isn’t clear,” Feldstein says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His business partner, Phil Hill, likewise cautions people against thinking of\u003ca href=\"https://www.summitlearning.org/\"> the Facebook-Summit platform\u003c/a>, or any personalized learning platform, as a silver bullet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Technology shows a lot of promise: real opportunity, real need,” Hill says of classrooms today. But the technology should serve the needs of excellent teachers. “This isn’t magic technology, it’s technology enabling teaching.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While both agree that they believe Facebook’s venture with Summit is philanthropic at the moment, they say it’s good to keep a healthy amount of skepticism as this new education platform is rolled out across the country.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "why-arent-there-more-women-in-tech-a-tour-of-silicon-valleys-leaky-pipeline",
"title": "Why Aren't There More Women in Tech? A Tour of Silicon Valley's Leaky Pipeline",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported by Latino USA in collaboration with \u003c/em>All Tech Considered\u003cem>. The audio version of this story \u003ca href=\"http://latinousa.org/episode/tech-industrys-leaky-pipeline/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">aired earlier\u003c/a> on Latino USA; it is embedded below.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Micaela Honorato is looking from the sidelines as boys from her after-school program take turns racing their handmade hovercraft on a dirt field in a city park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These remote-controlled cardboard devices are less “hover” and more “skid-along,” as the teacher Abraham Orozco puts it. Today, the middle-school kids are contending for the fastest spin around four traffic cones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Micaela is a tall 12-year-old with a serious and focused gaze. She quietly awaits her turn, then concentrates on the controls. At 16.36 seconds, she takes the lead in the competition.[contextly_sidebar id=”Xz88pYE8OoicLTB6a4FHf2PrRdvR6y3W”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This after-school program is called HOLA — which stands for “\u003ca href=\"http://heartofla.org/\">Heart of Los Angeles\u003c/a>” — and it serves the city’s Rampart District, where nearly all residents live in poverty. The vast majority of HOLA’s participants are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over nearly 30 years, the program has helped hundreds go to college. A handful of students from Orozco’s scientific arts program at HOLA have pursued successful technical careers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Orozco says a lot of his students shy away from the tech industry, despite technical talents: They don’t want jobs with any economic risk — something quite common for work at a startup or in computer science in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Leak in the Pipeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s even harder to get girls interested. At HOLA, younger kids don’t get to choose their classes, but programs become elective for high school students. Orozco’s scientific arts program is “girl-heavy” in elementary and middle school, he says. At the high school level, only two of his 13 students are girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is one of the clear leaks of the talent pipeline that feeds workers to the tech industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Year after year, Silicon Valley companies have been criticized for their slow process in employing more women and other underrepresented groups, which for tech are black and Latino. And often, they say they simply can’t find enough qualified workers to hire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you go through the tech talent “pipeline” to find where it leaks, HOLA illustrates a major one. Somewhere between middle school and high school graduation, girls’ interest in tech peaks and wanes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Down the line, women make up roughly half \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/wb/stats/Computer_information_technology_2014.htm\">of U.S. workers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-by-gender/?currentTimeframe=0\">of the U.S. population\u003c/a> — but on average represent less than a third of tech companies’ employees. For black and Hispanic workers, the numbers drop into single digits: These groups tend to comprise 3 percent or less of tech companies’ employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/07/19/486511816/why-some-diversity-thinkers-arent-buying-the-tech-industrys-excuses\">it’s not just technical\u003c/a> fields, but all staff and leadership roles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The MySpace Gateway\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempting to reverse-engineer interest in tech, we asked women in a Slack group for Latinos in tech called \u003ca href=\"https://techqueria.org/\">Techquería\u003c/a>: How did you first get into it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A surprising number of women replied: MySpace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The now-arcane social network allowed for a lot of customization — users could mess with the color schemes, fonts, add bells and whistles by tinkering with the source code. The site’s popularity in the mid-2000s introduced many middle- and high school girls to basic HTML.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dalia Icedo was the queen of cool MySpace designs: She got so good at customizing profiles that she created a whole separate page where other people could get her themes. “I would change the color scheme literally every day, probably,” she says, “because I was 12, I had nothing else to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The skills came in handy after high school, when she started an online shop to sell things like band pins and earrings — and began tinkering with visuals that bugged her, like margins that felt too wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I started to just go into the code and started to see a lot of the HTML and CSS that I had learned before. And then from there I just started to pick up JavaScript,” says Icedo, who is in college and wants to become a UX (user experience) designer in Silicon Valley. “It gave me a lot more confidence of being able to pick up coding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Consumer/Creator Breakdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, social media is no less popular than 10 years ago — and girls \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/04/09/teens-social-media-technology-2015/\">are more avid users\u003c/a> than boys, especially on Snapchat and Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as technology has become more user-friendly, it’s also become less customizable — even grandparents can use Facebook, but how many of us understand how it works? And talking with young girls, few are drawing the connection between using popular apps and thinking that they could program them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2015/nsf15326/pdf/tab11.pdf\">number of women\u003c/a> studying math and computer science in college peaked in the 1980s — even as overall, women receive the growing majority of bachelor’s degrees. NPR’s Planet Money podcast \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/money/2014/10/21/357629765/when-women-stopped-coding\">dug into this phenomenon\u003c/a>, zeroing in on the year 1984:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Personal computers started showing up in U.S. homes in significant numbers. These early personal computers weren’t much more than toys. … And these toys were marketed \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1CDkHs4lzUo\">almost\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rxNjx_VWJ8U\">entirely\u003c/a> to men and boys. This idea that computers are for boys became a narrative.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Now, both the corporate marketers and the diversity activists have been trying to figure out the sensitive matter of how to market tech \u003cem>to \u003c/em>girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The line between “girly” and \u003cem>“\u003c/em>for girls” can be thin. What matters is what girls can actually do with the technology, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.code2040.org/deldelp-medina/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Deldelp Medina\u003c/a>, co-founder of Latina-focused accelerator Avion Ventures, who’s now at tech diversity nonprofit Code2040.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small pink computer isn’t terrible per se, Medina argues: Smaller keyboards are actually nice to prevent carpal tunnel in smaller hands. What’s insulting is if this computer comes with less processing power, memory or useful software than a regular one.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Women and everybody who’s currently underrepresented in the tech industry has to gain those skill sets, because otherwise, it will not go well for any of us.’ \u003ccite>Deldelp Medina, on the tech-worker shortage\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“There’s a difference,” she says, “between wanting to celebrate your femininity and shrinking and pinking something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Mentorship Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Targeting girls with technology can get thorny. But Andrea Guendelman, creator of Latinos-in-tech social network \u003ca href=\"https://www.bevisible.soy/\">BeVisible\u003c/a>, says one — if not the only — thing that works is mentorship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the summer of 2014, Jazmine Fernandez was one of the young women in the Girls Who Code program. Being raised by a single mother and sisters, Fernandez knew there’s little women can’t do. But when she heard she got placed at Facebook, Fernandez felt intimidated — excited, but mostly scared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because when I went, there was just a lot of …” Her voice trails off. “There was … how do I say this?” Her mentor, Raquel Vélez, steps in: “There weren’t a lot people who looked like you, huh?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez heard Vélez give a talk at Facebook headquarters, and she made a huge impression: Latinas \u003cem>can\u003c/em> get jobs in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of my favorite quotes ever is, ‘You can’t be it if you can’t see it,’ ” says Vélez, engineering manager at software company NPM. “Believe me, I have like 25 mentors, and it’s the only way I can make it through, because so often I’m the only one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez is now studying computer science at San Francisco State University. She expects the field to always be a struggle. In one of her classes, a guy once basically tried to argue that girls can’t code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to be Latina in tech, Vélez says you have to work four times as hard. “I like to think about it as, I walked in the back door, so that I could open the front door for everybody else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The End of the Pipeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where mentorship particularly comes into play is at the end of the pipeline, where underrepresented groups struggle to \u003cem>get\u003c/em> hired and \u003cem>stay\u003c/em> hired. Silicon Valley is a boys’ club whose networks tend to stay white, male and affluent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One company trying to break the cycle is Atipica. It has built a computer program to sift through resumes — skipping human managers to avoid hiring biases, like subconscious discrimination based on a last name or school attended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atipica’s isn’t the only resume-reading artificial intelligence. But often, algorithms reflect the biases of humans who write them. Atipica CEO Laura Gomez says her company specifically focused on designing an unbiased AI. (Neither Gomez, nor her clients, which include Slack, agreed to discuss how well Atipica’s program works.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chicago-based Opternative offers another example of tackling diversity head-on. It’s a startup that lets people do their own eye exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many ways, Opternative operates like many other startups, relying on referrals from its existing employees. Yet it’s grown into a \u003ca href=\"https://www.opternative.com/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pretty diverse group\u003c/a> because from the get-go, its team wasn’t just white guys and it views diversity of life experiences as an asset.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Blind Spot\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here’s the tricky part: While both companies get high marks for being racially diverse, gender remains a blind spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atipica, a Latina-run company, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.atipica.co/pages/about/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one other female employee\u003c/a>. Opternative’s technical team has women on the design side and in junior positions, but all four of its senior engineers — the leaders and decision-makers — are male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez and Opternative CTO Ayo Jimoh say the women they’ve seen apply for their job openings were under-qualified. It’s effectively the pipeline argument. Jimoh’s diagnosis is that people self-select — they don’t want to pursue careers that are stacked against them, they need role models, success stories of others like them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So then, who is responsible for creating those role models? Couldn’t Jimoh or Gomez, for example, spend extra time to find a female senior engineer or promote from within?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a part of me that says, let me me show,” says Gomez, “but I have to put my business first and foremost.” Jimoh, too, says he has to balance that responsibility for equity with his other responsibilities “to my company, to my team, to myself, to my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a way, the push for diversity in tech is still so new, it’s often treated as a cause or a mission — and fighting for a cause and running a business aren’t the same. At the end of the day, Atipica and Opternative weren’t founded to heal Silicon Valley’s diversity problem — but to fill what they see as a market need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And these are small companies — the gender balance of staff is even harder to shift at massive ships like Facebook or Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few companies, such as Intel and Twitter, have recently started releasing hiring goals, putting diversity in quantifiable terms. The targets aren’t lofty, but they’re specific, public — presumably someone’s measurable responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Future of the Economy\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now, there’s a new challenge. As Donald Trump takes over as president of the United States, diversity advocates \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/business/moneybox/2016/11/why_u_s_companies_are_now_the_most_prominent_progressive_force_in_america.html\">are worried about a push\u003c/a> against the very concept of promoting multiculturalism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we need to double-down on diversity and inclusion, quite frankly,” says Daisy Dominguez-Auger, global head of diversity at Google. “Companies are going to have to take a stronger look at what their practices are … in a much more collaborative way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fundamentally, the Trump administration’s economic policy is expected to focus heavily on manufacturing jobs. One of the first conversations Trump had with a tech leader after the election was a call with Apple CEO Tim Cook, in which Trump \u003ca href=\"http://www.theverge.com/2016/11/23/13732082/trump-tim-cook-phone-call-apple-manufacturing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pushed for Apple\u003c/a> to build plants in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From what we know, Trump has yet to address the shortage of skilled tech workers. And many economists predict that’s a major challenge for the future of America: The \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2016/12/20/artificial-intelligence-automation-and-economy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">economy of the future\u003c/a> is one where almost everyone has to interact with computers and code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diversity advocate Medina says sidelining large swaths of the population from the tech industry is no way to make sure America isn’t left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have a jobs deficit that is so huge, that if we don’t fill it, we’re going to have severe economic consequences,” she says. “Women and everybody who’s currently underrepresented in the tech industry has to gain those skill sets, because otherwise, it will not go well for any of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Latino USA’s Jeanne Montalvo, Noam Hassenfeld and Julia Shu contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+Aren%27t+There+More+Women+In+Tech%3F+A+Tour+Of+Silicon+Valley%27s+Leaky+Pipeline&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported by Latino USA in collaboration with \u003c/em>All Tech Considered\u003cem>. The audio version of this story \u003ca href=\"http://latinousa.org/episode/tech-industrys-leaky-pipeline/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">aired earlier\u003c/a> on Latino USA; it is embedded below.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Micaela Honorato is looking from the sidelines as boys from her after-school program take turns racing their handmade hovercraft on a dirt field in a city park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These remote-controlled cardboard devices are less “hover” and more “skid-along,” as the teacher Abraham Orozco puts it. Today, the middle-school kids are contending for the fastest spin around four traffic cones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Micaela is a tall 12-year-old with a serious and focused gaze. She quietly awaits her turn, then concentrates on the controls. At 16.36 seconds, she takes the lead in the competition.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This after-school program is called HOLA — which stands for “\u003ca href=\"http://heartofla.org/\">Heart of Los Angeles\u003c/a>” — and it serves the city’s Rampart District, where nearly all residents live in poverty. The vast majority of HOLA’s participants are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over nearly 30 years, the program has helped hundreds go to college. A handful of students from Orozco’s scientific arts program at HOLA have pursued successful technical careers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Orozco says a lot of his students shy away from the tech industry, despite technical talents: They don’t want jobs with any economic risk — something quite common for work at a startup or in computer science in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Leak in the Pipeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s even harder to get girls interested. At HOLA, younger kids don’t get to choose their classes, but programs become elective for high school students. Orozco’s scientific arts program is “girl-heavy” in elementary and middle school, he says. At the high school level, only two of his 13 students are girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is one of the clear leaks of the talent pipeline that feeds workers to the tech industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Year after year, Silicon Valley companies have been criticized for their slow process in employing more women and other underrepresented groups, which for tech are black and Latino. And often, they say they simply can’t find enough qualified workers to hire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you go through the tech talent “pipeline” to find where it leaks, HOLA illustrates a major one. Somewhere between middle school and high school graduation, girls’ interest in tech peaks and wanes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Down the line, women make up roughly half \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/wb/stats/Computer_information_technology_2014.htm\">of U.S. workers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-by-gender/?currentTimeframe=0\">of the U.S. population\u003c/a> — but on average represent less than a third of tech companies’ employees. For black and Hispanic workers, the numbers drop into single digits: These groups tend to comprise 3 percent or less of tech companies’ employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/07/19/486511816/why-some-diversity-thinkers-arent-buying-the-tech-industrys-excuses\">it’s not just technical\u003c/a> fields, but all staff and leadership roles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The MySpace Gateway\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempting to reverse-engineer interest in tech, we asked women in a Slack group for Latinos in tech called \u003ca href=\"https://techqueria.org/\">Techquería\u003c/a>: How did you first get into it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A surprising number of women replied: MySpace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The now-arcane social network allowed for a lot of customization — users could mess with the color schemes, fonts, add bells and whistles by tinkering with the source code. The site’s popularity in the mid-2000s introduced many middle- and high school girls to basic HTML.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dalia Icedo was the queen of cool MySpace designs: She got so good at customizing profiles that she created a whole separate page where other people could get her themes. “I would change the color scheme literally every day, probably,” she says, “because I was 12, I had nothing else to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The skills came in handy after high school, when she started an online shop to sell things like band pins and earrings — and began tinkering with visuals that bugged her, like margins that felt too wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I started to just go into the code and started to see a lot of the HTML and CSS that I had learned before. And then from there I just started to pick up JavaScript,” says Icedo, who is in college and wants to become a UX (user experience) designer in Silicon Valley. “It gave me a lot more confidence of being able to pick up coding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Consumer/Creator Breakdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, social media is no less popular than 10 years ago — and girls \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/04/09/teens-social-media-technology-2015/\">are more avid users\u003c/a> than boys, especially on Snapchat and Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as technology has become more user-friendly, it’s also become less customizable — even grandparents can use Facebook, but how many of us understand how it works? And talking with young girls, few are drawing the connection between using popular apps and thinking that they could program them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2015/nsf15326/pdf/tab11.pdf\">number of women\u003c/a> studying math and computer science in college peaked in the 1980s — even as overall, women receive the growing majority of bachelor’s degrees. NPR’s Planet Money podcast \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/money/2014/10/21/357629765/when-women-stopped-coding\">dug into this phenomenon\u003c/a>, zeroing in on the year 1984:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Personal computers started showing up in U.S. homes in significant numbers. These early personal computers weren’t much more than toys. … And these toys were marketed \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1CDkHs4lzUo\">almost\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rxNjx_VWJ8U\">entirely\u003c/a> to men and boys. This idea that computers are for boys became a narrative.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Now, both the corporate marketers and the diversity activists have been trying to figure out the sensitive matter of how to market tech \u003cem>to \u003c/em>girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The line between “girly” and \u003cem>“\u003c/em>for girls” can be thin. What matters is what girls can actually do with the technology, says \u003ca href=\"http://www.code2040.org/deldelp-medina/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Deldelp Medina\u003c/a>, co-founder of Latina-focused accelerator Avion Ventures, who’s now at tech diversity nonprofit Code2040.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small pink computer isn’t terrible per se, Medina argues: Smaller keyboards are actually nice to prevent carpal tunnel in smaller hands. What’s insulting is if this computer comes with less processing power, memory or useful software than a regular one.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Women and everybody who’s currently underrepresented in the tech industry has to gain those skill sets, because otherwise, it will not go well for any of us.’ \u003ccite>Deldelp Medina, on the tech-worker shortage\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“There’s a difference,” she says, “between wanting to celebrate your femininity and shrinking and pinking something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Mentorship Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Targeting girls with technology can get thorny. But Andrea Guendelman, creator of Latinos-in-tech social network \u003ca href=\"https://www.bevisible.soy/\">BeVisible\u003c/a>, says one — if not the only — thing that works is mentorship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the summer of 2014, Jazmine Fernandez was one of the young women in the Girls Who Code program. Being raised by a single mother and sisters, Fernandez knew there’s little women can’t do. But when she heard she got placed at Facebook, Fernandez felt intimidated — excited, but mostly scared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because when I went, there was just a lot of …” Her voice trails off. “There was … how do I say this?” Her mentor, Raquel Vélez, steps in: “There weren’t a lot people who looked like you, huh?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez heard Vélez give a talk at Facebook headquarters, and she made a huge impression: Latinas \u003cem>can\u003c/em> get jobs in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of my favorite quotes ever is, ‘You can’t be it if you can’t see it,’ ” says Vélez, engineering manager at software company NPM. “Believe me, I have like 25 mentors, and it’s the only way I can make it through, because so often I’m the only one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez is now studying computer science at San Francisco State University. She expects the field to always be a struggle. In one of her classes, a guy once basically tried to argue that girls can’t code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to be Latina in tech, Vélez says you have to work four times as hard. “I like to think about it as, I walked in the back door, so that I could open the front door for everybody else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The End of the Pipeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where mentorship particularly comes into play is at the end of the pipeline, where underrepresented groups struggle to \u003cem>get\u003c/em> hired and \u003cem>stay\u003c/em> hired. Silicon Valley is a boys’ club whose networks tend to stay white, male and affluent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One company trying to break the cycle is Atipica. It has built a computer program to sift through resumes — skipping human managers to avoid hiring biases, like subconscious discrimination based on a last name or school attended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atipica’s isn’t the only resume-reading artificial intelligence. But often, algorithms reflect the biases of humans who write them. Atipica CEO Laura Gomez says her company specifically focused on designing an unbiased AI. (Neither Gomez, nor her clients, which include Slack, agreed to discuss how well Atipica’s program works.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chicago-based Opternative offers another example of tackling diversity head-on. It’s a startup that lets people do their own eye exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many ways, Opternative operates like many other startups, relying on referrals from its existing employees. Yet it’s grown into a \u003ca href=\"https://www.opternative.com/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pretty diverse group\u003c/a> because from the get-go, its team wasn’t just white guys and it views diversity of life experiences as an asset.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Blind Spot\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here’s the tricky part: While both companies get high marks for being racially diverse, gender remains a blind spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atipica, a Latina-run company, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.atipica.co/pages/about/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one other female employee\u003c/a>. Opternative’s technical team has women on the design side and in junior positions, but all four of its senior engineers — the leaders and decision-makers — are male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez and Opternative CTO Ayo Jimoh say the women they’ve seen apply for their job openings were under-qualified. It’s effectively the pipeline argument. Jimoh’s diagnosis is that people self-select — they don’t want to pursue careers that are stacked against them, they need role models, success stories of others like them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So then, who is responsible for creating those role models? Couldn’t Jimoh or Gomez, for example, spend extra time to find a female senior engineer or promote from within?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a part of me that says, let me me show,” says Gomez, “but I have to put my business first and foremost.” Jimoh, too, says he has to balance that responsibility for equity with his other responsibilities “to my company, to my team, to myself, to my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a way, the push for diversity in tech is still so new, it’s often treated as a cause or a mission — and fighting for a cause and running a business aren’t the same. At the end of the day, Atipica and Opternative weren’t founded to heal Silicon Valley’s diversity problem — but to fill what they see as a market need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And these are small companies — the gender balance of staff is even harder to shift at massive ships like Facebook or Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few companies, such as Intel and Twitter, have recently started releasing hiring goals, putting diversity in quantifiable terms. The targets aren’t lofty, but they’re specific, public — presumably someone’s measurable responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Future of the Economy\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now, there’s a new challenge. As Donald Trump takes over as president of the United States, diversity advocates \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/business/moneybox/2016/11/why_u_s_companies_are_now_the_most_prominent_progressive_force_in_america.html\">are worried about a push\u003c/a> against the very concept of promoting multiculturalism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we need to double-down on diversity and inclusion, quite frankly,” says Daisy Dominguez-Auger, global head of diversity at Google. “Companies are going to have to take a stronger look at what their practices are … in a much more collaborative way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fundamentally, the Trump administration’s economic policy is expected to focus heavily on manufacturing jobs. One of the first conversations Trump had with a tech leader after the election was a call with Apple CEO Tim Cook, in which Trump \u003ca href=\"http://www.theverge.com/2016/11/23/13732082/trump-tim-cook-phone-call-apple-manufacturing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pushed for Apple\u003c/a> to build plants in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From what we know, Trump has yet to address the shortage of skilled tech workers. And many economists predict that’s a major challenge for the future of America: The \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2016/12/20/artificial-intelligence-automation-and-economy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">economy of the future\u003c/a> is one where almost everyone has to interact with computers and code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diversity advocate Medina says sidelining large swaths of the population from the tech industry is no way to make sure America isn’t left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have a jobs deficit that is so huge, that if we don’t fill it, we’re going to have severe economic consequences,” she says. “Women and everybody who’s currently underrepresented in the tech industry has to gain those skill sets, because otherwise, it will not go well for any of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:50 p.m. Thursday:\u003c/strong> Less than 24 hours after Uber announced it had pulled its self-driving cars out of San Francisco, the company says it's shipping the fleet to Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our cars departed for Arizona this morning by truck,\" an Uber spokesperson said in an emailed statement. \"We’ll be expanding our self-driving pilot there in the next few weeks, and we’re excited to have the support of Governor [Doug] Ducey.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, Ducey had taken to Twitter on Wednesday as soon as Uber and the California DMV announced that the company was taking its cars off San Francisco's streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/dougducey/status/811764550169083904\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ducey has been a vocal advocate of Uber and competing ride service Lyft -- and of autonomous vehicle technology. Last week, he took \u003ca href=\"http://ktar.com/story/1392245/gov-doug-ducey-takes-spin-google-self-driving-car-phoenix/\" target=\"_blank\">a well-publicized ride\u003c/a> in one of Google's self-driving SUVs and pronounced the trip \"just an incredible ride.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt unbelievably safe and it was silky smooth,” Ducey told reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Uber's announcement Thursday that cars were headed to Arizona, Ducey tweeted:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/dougducey/status/812036376468144128\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber announced it was ending its self-driving program in San Francisco late Wednesday afternoon -- though it was not clear whether the company acted before or after the California Department of Motor Vehicles revoked registrations for 16 cars in the company's self-driving fleet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber launched the San Francisco pilot without getting a DMV permit to operate autonomous vehicles on California roads. The company argued that its vehicles, which currently require an operator to be sitting in the driver's seat, don't meet the state's definition of autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Uber and the DMV declared Wednesday they were committed to testing autonomous vehicles on California roads, though the company had warned earlier that it was prepared to take its vehicles to jurisdictions that might have friendlier regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, Wednesday 5:25 p.m.:\u003c/strong> After a week of intensifying criticism for \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/san-francisco-your-self-driving-uber-is-arriving-now/\" target=\"_blank\">launching self-driving cars\u003c/a> onto San Francisco streets without a state permit, Uber told the California Department of Motor Vehicles on Wednesday that it's no longer using the vehicles on public roadways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the DMV announced it is revoking the registration of 16 cars Uber was using in the program \"because they were not properly marked as test vehicles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a letter released late Wednesday, DMV Director Jean Shiomoto said the DMV welcomes Uber's participation in autonomous vehicle testing and promised to expedite its application for the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are committed to assisting Uber in their efforts to innovate and advance this ground-breaking technology,\" Shiomoto wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its own statement, Uber said it was halting use of the self-driving cars because their registrations had been revoked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re now looking at where we can redeploy these cars but remain 100 percent committed to California and will be redoubling our efforts to develop statewide rules,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday's development marks a rare retreat by the world's No. 1 ride-service company, which has earned a global reputation for pushing to expand its service regardless of the niceties of local regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That approach ran into a buzzsaw of criticism in San Francisco, with everyone from Mayor Ed Lee to bike and pedestrian activists decrying the company's defiance of the DMV's regulations for testing autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The condemnation only grew more intense when video surfaced of a self-driving Uber Volvo XC90 rolling through a red light outside the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art on Third Street. For its part, the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/16/a-warning-to-people-who-bike-self-driving-ubers-and-right-hook-turns/\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Bicycle Coalition noted\u003c/a> that the self-driving vehicles appeared to be unable to negotiate a legal right turn when a bike lane was involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee issued a statement Wednesday evening saying he \"strongly supported\" the DMV's action on Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have always been a strong supporter of innovation and autonomous vehicle development and testing, but only under conditions that put human, bicyclist and pedestrian safety first,\" the mayor's statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Wednesday, the \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/statement-from-anthony-levandowski-on-self-driving-in-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\">Uber had argued\u003c/a> that since its self-driving cars require an operator to ride in the driver's seat, the vehicles don't fit the state's definition of autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:50 p.m. Thursday:\u003c/strong> Less than 24 hours after Uber announced it had pulled its self-driving cars out of San Francisco, the company says it's shipping the fleet to Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our cars departed for Arizona this morning by truck,\" an Uber spokesperson said in an emailed statement. \"We’ll be expanding our self-driving pilot there in the next few weeks, and we’re excited to have the support of Governor [Doug] Ducey.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, Ducey had taken to Twitter on Wednesday as soon as Uber and the California DMV announced that the company was taking its cars off San Francisco's streets.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Ducey has been a vocal advocate of Uber and competing ride service Lyft -- and of autonomous vehicle technology. Last week, he took \u003ca href=\"http://ktar.com/story/1392245/gov-doug-ducey-takes-spin-google-self-driving-car-phoenix/\" target=\"_blank\">a well-publicized ride\u003c/a> in one of Google's self-driving SUVs and pronounced the trip \"just an incredible ride.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Uber announced it was ending its self-driving program in San Francisco late Wednesday afternoon -- though it was not clear whether the company acted before or after the California Department of Motor Vehicles revoked registrations for 16 cars in the company's self-driving fleet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber launched the San Francisco pilot without getting a DMV permit to operate autonomous vehicles on California roads. The company argued that its vehicles, which currently require an operator to be sitting in the driver's seat, don't meet the state's definition of autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Uber and the DMV declared Wednesday they were committed to testing autonomous vehicles on California roads, though the company had warned earlier that it was prepared to take its vehicles to jurisdictions that might have friendlier regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, Wednesday 5:25 p.m.:\u003c/strong> After a week of intensifying criticism for \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/san-francisco-your-self-driving-uber-is-arriving-now/\" target=\"_blank\">launching self-driving cars\u003c/a> onto San Francisco streets without a state permit, Uber told the California Department of Motor Vehicles on Wednesday that it's no longer using the vehicles on public roadways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the DMV announced it is revoking the registration of 16 cars Uber was using in the program \"because they were not properly marked as test vehicles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a letter released late Wednesday, DMV Director Jean Shiomoto said the DMV welcomes Uber's participation in autonomous vehicle testing and promised to expedite its application for the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are committed to assisting Uber in their efforts to innovate and advance this ground-breaking technology,\" Shiomoto wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its own statement, Uber said it was halting use of the self-driving cars because their registrations had been revoked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re now looking at where we can redeploy these cars but remain 100 percent committed to California and will be redoubling our efforts to develop statewide rules,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday's development marks a rare retreat by the world's No. 1 ride-service company, which has earned a global reputation for pushing to expand its service regardless of the niceties of local regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That approach ran into a buzzsaw of criticism in San Francisco, with everyone from Mayor Ed Lee to bike and pedestrian activists decrying the company's defiance of the DMV's regulations for testing autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The condemnation only grew more intense when video surfaced of a self-driving Uber Volvo XC90 rolling through a red light outside the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art on Third Street. For its part, the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/16/a-warning-to-people-who-bike-self-driving-ubers-and-right-hook-turns/\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco Bicycle Coalition noted\u003c/a> that the self-driving vehicles appeared to be unable to negotiate a legal right turn when a bike lane was involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee issued a statement Wednesday evening saying he \"strongly supported\" the DMV's action on Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have always been a strong supporter of innovation and autonomous vehicle development and testing, but only under conditions that put human, bicyclist and pedestrian safety first,\" the mayor's statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Wednesday, the \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/statement-from-anthony-levandowski-on-self-driving-in-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\">Uber had argued\u003c/a> that since its self-driving cars require an operator to ride in the driver's seat, the vehicles don't fit the state's definition of autonomous vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Teaching Computer Programming Through Making in Oakland's Fruitvale",
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"content": "\u003cp>Making computer programming a part of the K-12 curriculum is becoming a rallying call in the United States. But just because you teach a subject doesn’t mean you get kids interested in it. So the real challenge is how to get kids, who might not necessarily be into computers, to pursue a career in coding?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google and \u003ca href=\"https://www.media.mit.edu/\">MIT’s Media Lab\u003c/a> are trying to answer that question at Code Next, an after-school program located in the Fruitvale neighborhood of Oakland. Coding programs put on by tech companies are often in a Google office or held at a local school. But Code Next is a storefront space in a shopping center next to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps?q=fruitvale+bart+station+oakland&ion=1&espv=2&bav=on.2,or.r_cp.&bvm=bv.142059868,d.cGc&biw=970&bih=509&dpr=1.1&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwicgv3x5YPRAhVJyGMKHYcrBckQ_AUIBigB\">Fruitvale BART Station\u003c/a>. The idea is to capture high school students from this working-class neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valeria Fornes, 14, says that, until now, the extent of her computer skills has been helping her dad troubleshoot his smartphone. She goes to a high school a few miles up the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most fun thing I’ve made is using the 3-D printer and I made a game,” Fornes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By game, Valeria means a board game. The one she made had little pieces that fit inside the board. It took a few tries to make those pieces fit, she said, but she figured it out. What does making a board game have to do with coding computers?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything’s just a big puzzle,” Fornes said. “Like if something doesn’t work, you have to rearrange almost everything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/299000417″ params=”auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true” width=”100%” height=”250″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that process is similar to coding, said April Alvarez, the after-school program’s experience manager. She was part of a team that worked with community members and students to develop the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is simple: coding is also making, and it takes the same problem-solving skills as making stuff in real life. Google teamed up with MIT’s Media Lab to create the Code Next curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lab space where students work is the size of a classroom, only with a 3-D printer and laser cutter along one wall. The lab has an industrial feel; the floors are concrete, the ceiling is exposed. Alvarez said the architecture has been carefully planned to reflect Code Next’s teaching philosophy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted kids to see the inner workings of this space,” she said. “We want them to see the pipes, the wiring, everything that makes this place work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of lectures on programming, students at Code Next are assigned projects — like making a board game. Instead of teachers, Code Next has coaches. Many are trained classroom teachers, though they don’t necessarily have coding skills. Together, the students and coaches figure out how to make stuff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bryson Gauff is a coach and was helping students create the graphics for a sticker on the computer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s been really cool for me is, not being a coder, learning with the kids,” Guaff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Creating a New Model\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://code.org/about/leadership/hadi_partovi\">Hadi Partovi\u003c/a> has done a lot of thinking about how to teach computer programming in elementary and high schools. He’s the CEO and co-founder of \u003ca href=\"https://code.org/\">Code.org\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that provides computer science curriculum and teacher training to K-12 schools. Code.org is used in about 120 school districts nationwide and is funded by tech companies like Microsoft, Facebook and Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are relatively new ideas,” Partovi said. “They’re broadly seen as a way to get students engaged but they’re not broadly used.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Partovi said in college he learned computer programing by taking notes while listening to an expert programmer give a lecture. He says that approach generally works for students who are already into coding, but it’s failed to hook students who aren’t. And it’s these students educators need to reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year more than 600,000 tech jobs went unfilled in the United States. Tech companies and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2016/01/30/computer-science-all\">Obama administration have pushed\u003c/a> to make computer science a part of the K-12 curriculum. But even in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/education/article67095957.html\">California\u003c/a>, home of Silicon Valley, a large majority of high schools don’t offer classes in computer programming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is still a relatively nascent field and the majority of our public schools don’t teach it. And so computer science really lends itself to a new pedagogical model,” Partovi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said universities from Harvard to Carnegie Mellon — and MIT with Code Next — have been taking the lead in creating a new model. While Google plans to open a similar after-school program in Harlem next year, MIT says the immediate goal is to use the programs to figure out a curriculum that works and get educators to adopt it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our ongoing series on Techquity: Diversity, Inclusion and Equity in Silicon Valley. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Making computer programming a part of the K-12 curriculum is becoming a rallying call in the United States. But just because you teach a subject doesn’t mean you get kids interested in it. So the real challenge is how to get kids, who might not necessarily be into computers, to pursue a career in coding?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google and \u003ca href=\"https://www.media.mit.edu/\">MIT’s Media Lab\u003c/a> are trying to answer that question at Code Next, an after-school program located in the Fruitvale neighborhood of Oakland. Coding programs put on by tech companies are often in a Google office or held at a local school. But Code Next is a storefront space in a shopping center next to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps?q=fruitvale+bart+station+oakland&ion=1&espv=2&bav=on.2,or.r_cp.&bvm=bv.142059868,d.cGc&biw=970&bih=509&dpr=1.1&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwicgv3x5YPRAhVJyGMKHYcrBckQ_AUIBigB\">Fruitvale BART Station\u003c/a>. The idea is to capture high school students from this working-class neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valeria Fornes, 14, says that, until now, the extent of her computer skills has been helping her dad troubleshoot his smartphone. She goes to a high school a few miles up the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most fun thing I’ve made is using the 3-D printer and I made a game,” Fornes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By game, Valeria means a board game. The one she made had little pieces that fit inside the board. It took a few tries to make those pieces fit, she said, but she figured it out. What does making a board game have to do with coding computers?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything’s just a big puzzle,” Fornes said. “Like if something doesn’t work, you have to rearrange almost everything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”250″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/299000417″&visual=true&”auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/299000417″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that process is similar to coding, said April Alvarez, the after-school program’s experience manager. She was part of a team that worked with community members and students to develop the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea is simple: coding is also making, and it takes the same problem-solving skills as making stuff in real life. Google teamed up with MIT’s Media Lab to create the Code Next curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lab space where students work is the size of a classroom, only with a 3-D printer and laser cutter along one wall. The lab has an industrial feel; the floors are concrete, the ceiling is exposed. Alvarez said the architecture has been carefully planned to reflect Code Next’s teaching philosophy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted kids to see the inner workings of this space,” she said. “We want them to see the pipes, the wiring, everything that makes this place work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of lectures on programming, students at Code Next are assigned projects — like making a board game. Instead of teachers, Code Next has coaches. Many are trained classroom teachers, though they don’t necessarily have coding skills. Together, the students and coaches figure out how to make stuff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bryson Gauff is a coach and was helping students create the graphics for a sticker on the computer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s been really cool for me is, not being a coder, learning with the kids,” Guaff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Creating a New Model\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://code.org/about/leadership/hadi_partovi\">Hadi Partovi\u003c/a> has done a lot of thinking about how to teach computer programming in elementary and high schools. He’s the CEO and co-founder of \u003ca href=\"https://code.org/\">Code.org\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that provides computer science curriculum and teacher training to K-12 schools. Code.org is used in about 120 school districts nationwide and is funded by tech companies like Microsoft, Facebook and Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are relatively new ideas,” Partovi said. “They’re broadly seen as a way to get students engaged but they’re not broadly used.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Partovi said in college he learned computer programing by taking notes while listening to an expert programmer give a lecture. He says that approach generally works for students who are already into coding, but it’s failed to hook students who aren’t. And it’s these students educators need to reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year more than 600,000 tech jobs went unfilled in the United States. Tech companies and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2016/01/30/computer-science-all\">Obama administration have pushed\u003c/a> to make computer science a part of the K-12 curriculum. But even in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/education/article67095957.html\">California\u003c/a>, home of Silicon Valley, a large majority of high schools don’t offer classes in computer programming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is still a relatively nascent field and the majority of our public schools don’t teach it. And so computer science really lends itself to a new pedagogical model,” Partovi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said universities from Harvard to Carnegie Mellon — and MIT with Code Next — have been taking the lead in creating a new model. While Google plans to open a similar after-school program in Harlem next year, MIT says the immediate goal is to use the programs to figure out a curriculum that works and get educators to adopt it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our ongoing series on Techquity: Diversity, Inclusion and Equity in Silicon Valley. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: This post \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbike.org/news/a-warning-to-people-who-bike-self-driving-ubers-and-right-hook-turns/#petition\" target=\"_blank\">originally appeared\u003c/a> on the SF Bike Coalition blog. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the surprise launch of Uber’s autonomous vehicles on San Francisco streets this week, I rode in one. I can tell you firsthand: Those vehicles are not yet ready for our streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was at one of the demonstrations \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfexaminer.com/uber-offered-self-driving-rides-state-lawmakers-days-illegal-sf-launch/\" target=\"_blank\">covered in the San Francisco Examiner\u003c/a>, along with others who Uber hoped to impress with their new technology. None of us were told that just two days later, Uber would be releasing this technology on our streets on a large scale. I did tell Uber some things about the shortcomings of that technology, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the ride I took through the streets of SoMa on Monday, the autonomous vehicle in “self-driving” mode, as well as the one in front of it, took an unsafe right-hook-style turn through a bike lane. Twice. This kind of turn is one featured in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbike.org/news/bike-lanes-and-right-turns/\" target=\"_blank\">a 2013 blog post\u003c/a> that is known to be one of the primary causes of collisions between cars and people who bike, resulting in serious injury or fatality. It’s also an unsafe practice that we address in all of the safety curriculum we offer to professional drivers, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbike.org/news/driver-education-now-reaching-hundreds-of-thousands/\" target=\"_blank\">the videos we consulted on\u003c/a> for Uber as recently as this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I told staff from Uber’s policy and engineering teams about the safety hazards of their autonomous vehicle technology. They told me they would work on it. Then, two days later, they unleashed that technology on San Francisco’s streets. Your streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Wednesday, we have been told that “safety drivers” in these vehicles have been instructed to disengage from self-driving mode when approaching right turns on a street with a bike lane and that engineers are continuing to work on the problem. In the meantime, Uber is continuing to operate autonomous vehicles for passenger service in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no other way to put it: Launching autonomous vehicle technology before it’s regulated and safe for our streets is unacceptable.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbike.org/news/a-warning-to-people-who-bike-self-driving-ubers-and-right-hook-turns/\" target=\"_blank\">Brian Wiedenmeier\u003cbr />San Francisco Bicycle Coalition\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: This post \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbike.org/news/a-warning-to-people-who-bike-self-driving-ubers-and-right-hook-turns/#petition\" target=\"_blank\">originally appeared\u003c/a> on the SF Bike Coalition blog. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the surprise launch of Uber’s autonomous vehicles on San Francisco streets this week, I rode in one. I can tell you firsthand: Those vehicles are not yet ready for our streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was at one of the demonstrations \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfexaminer.com/uber-offered-self-driving-rides-state-lawmakers-days-illegal-sf-launch/\" target=\"_blank\">covered in the San Francisco Examiner\u003c/a>, along with others who Uber hoped to impress with their new technology. None of us were told that just two days later, Uber would be releasing this technology on our streets on a large scale. I did tell Uber some things about the shortcomings of that technology, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the ride I took through the streets of SoMa on Monday, the autonomous vehicle in “self-driving” mode, as well as the one in front of it, took an unsafe right-hook-style turn through a bike lane. Twice. This kind of turn is one featured in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbike.org/news/bike-lanes-and-right-turns/\" target=\"_blank\">a 2013 blog post\u003c/a> that is known to be one of the primary causes of collisions between cars and people who bike, resulting in serious injury or fatality. It’s also an unsafe practice that we address in all of the safety curriculum we offer to professional drivers, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbike.org/news/driver-education-now-reaching-hundreds-of-thousands/\" target=\"_blank\">the videos we consulted on\u003c/a> for Uber as recently as this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I told staff from Uber’s policy and engineering teams about the safety hazards of their autonomous vehicle technology. They told me they would work on it. Then, two days later, they unleashed that technology on San Francisco’s streets. Your streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump and Technology Executives Try to Reconcile Rough Relationship",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>President-elect Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/14/505512664/tech-leaders-to-meet-with-president-elect-trump\" target=\"_blank\">met Wednesday afternoon\u003c/a> with a who's who of the tech industry. They came from Silicon Valley and elsewhere to Trump Tower in Manhattan, where they talked about jobs and innovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of the meeting, which was open to pool reporters, Trump told the tech executives he was \"here to help you folks do well,\" and referred to the \"bounce\" in the stock market since Election Day, saying, \"Right now everybody in this room has to like me a little bit.\" (Though for the most part, tech companies have lagged behind the big gains.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/505604737/505612111\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was no secret that most of Silicon Valley backed Democrat Hillary Clinton in the presidential election, and Trump openly feuded with some tech companies during the campaign. He called for a boycott of Apple because of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/04/16/474374513/apple-fbi-the-theories-and-mysteries-of-the-san-bernardino-iphone\" target=\"_blank\">its refusal to help the government unlock an iPhone\u003c/a> used by the San Bernardino shooter last December, and he also called on Apple to make its iPhones in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/05/13/trump-says-washington-post-owner-bezos-has-huge-antitrust-problem.html\" target=\"_blank\">has also criticized\u003c/a> Jeff Bezos, the CEO of Amazon and owner of \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em>, over the newspaper's reporting during the campaign. In May, Trump called \u003cem>The Post\u003c/em> a \"toy\" that Bezos used \"for power so that the politicians in Washington don't tax Amazon like they should be taxed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bezos was in the room, along with Tim Cook of Apple, Sheryl Sandberg of Facebook, Elon Musk of Tesla and top executives from Microsoft, Oracle, IBM and other tech giants — as well as investor Peter Thiel, one of the few tech leaders who supported Trump's campaign, and who arranged today's meeting. Three of Trump's adult children were also present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11222083\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11222083\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Mike Pence looks on as Donald Trump shakes the hand of Peter Thiel during a meeting with technology executives.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mike Pence looks on as Donald Trump shakes the hand of Peter Thiel during a meeting with technology executives. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump told the executives that his team \"has no chain of command,\" and that his phone line would be open to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no shortage of issues for the group to discuss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tech companies are highly reliant on highly skilled immigrants coming to the U.S., and so that's a concern for them, given Trumps views on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And China is a big issue -- not only in terms of the products that U.S. tech companies manufacture there, but also as a market for their products. There are fears that a trade war with China could injure the companies' bottom lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"kaD3tY4MBT6oBeOzB99fNBtahiaJY7cS\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But tech leaders aren't worried about everything on the president-elect's plans. Their companies have billions of dollars in profits sitting overseas, which they say is because of high U.S. corporate tax rates. Presumably the companies would repatriate those profits if tax rates were lower, which is something at the top of Trump's agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the few high-profile tech companies that was excluded from Wednesday's meeting was Twitter — Trump's preferred social platform. A \u003cem>Politico\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/12/donald-trump-twitter-emoji-crooked-hillary-232647\" target=\"_blank\">story suggested this was\u003c/a> in response to Twitter rejecting the Trump campaign's #CrookedHillary emoji earlier this year. Trump's transition team says Twitter was not invited \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/usa-trump-technology-twitter-idUSL1N1E91SS\" target=\"_blank\">because it is too small\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President-elect Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/14/505512664/tech-leaders-to-meet-with-president-elect-trump\" target=\"_blank\">met Wednesday afternoon\u003c/a> with a who's who of the tech industry. They came from Silicon Valley and elsewhere to Trump Tower in Manhattan, where they talked about jobs and innovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of the meeting, which was open to pool reporters, Trump told the tech executives he was \"here to help you folks do well,\" and referred to the \"bounce\" in the stock market since Election Day, saying, \"Right now everybody in this room has to like me a little bit.\" (Though for the most part, tech companies have lagged behind the big gains.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/505604737/505612111\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was no secret that most of Silicon Valley backed Democrat Hillary Clinton in the presidential election, and Trump openly feuded with some tech companies during the campaign. He called for a boycott of Apple because of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/04/16/474374513/apple-fbi-the-theories-and-mysteries-of-the-san-bernardino-iphone\" target=\"_blank\">its refusal to help the government unlock an iPhone\u003c/a> used by the San Bernardino shooter last December, and he also called on Apple to make its iPhones in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/05/13/trump-says-washington-post-owner-bezos-has-huge-antitrust-problem.html\" target=\"_blank\">has also criticized\u003c/a> Jeff Bezos, the CEO of Amazon and owner of \u003cem>The Washington Post\u003c/em>, over the newspaper's reporting during the campaign. In May, Trump called \u003cem>The Post\u003c/em> a \"toy\" that Bezos used \"for power so that the politicians in Washington don't tax Amazon like they should be taxed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bezos was in the room, along with Tim Cook of Apple, Sheryl Sandberg of Facebook, Elon Musk of Tesla and top executives from Microsoft, Oracle, IBM and other tech giants — as well as investor Peter Thiel, one of the few tech leaders who supported Trump's campaign, and who arranged today's meeting. Three of Trump's adult children were also present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11222083\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11222083\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Mike Pence looks on as Donald Trump shakes the hand of Peter Thiel during a meeting with technology executives.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/TrumpHandsyThiel-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mike Pence looks on as Donald Trump shakes the hand of Peter Thiel during a meeting with technology executives. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump told the executives that his team \"has no chain of command,\" and that his phone line would be open to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no shortage of issues for the group to discuss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tech companies are highly reliant on highly skilled immigrants coming to the U.S., and so that's a concern for them, given Trumps views on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And China is a big issue -- not only in terms of the products that U.S. tech companies manufacture there, but also as a market for their products. There are fears that a trade war with China could injure the companies' bottom lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But tech leaders aren't worried about everything on the president-elect's plans. Their companies have billions of dollars in profits sitting overseas, which they say is because of high U.S. corporate tax rates. Presumably the companies would repatriate those profits if tax rates were lower, which is something at the top of Trump's agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the few high-profile tech companies that was excluded from Wednesday's meeting was Twitter — Trump's preferred social platform. A \u003cem>Politico\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/12/donald-trump-twitter-emoji-crooked-hillary-232647\" target=\"_blank\">story suggested this was\u003c/a> in response to Twitter rejecting the Trump campaign's #CrookedHillary emoji earlier this year. Trump's transition team says Twitter was not invited \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/usa-trump-technology-twitter-idUSL1N1E91SS\" target=\"_blank\">because it is too small\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Facebook Details Its New Plan to Combat Fake News Stories",
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"content": "\u003cp>Providing new details about how it's trying to counter the spread of fake news on its services, Facebook says it's working with fact-checking groups to identify bogus stories -- and to warn users if a story they're trying to share has been reported as fake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook also says it will let users report a possible hoax by clicking the upper-right corner of a post and choosing one of four reasons they want to flag it -- from \"It's spam\" to \"It's a fake news story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a story is deemed false, it will be tagged with an alert message saying it's been \"disputed by 3rd party fact-checkers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11221910\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11221910\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide.png\" alt=\" A mockup provided by Facebook shows the screens it will use to allow users to report a potential hoax or fake news story.\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide.png 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide-160x90.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide-240x135.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide-375x211.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide-520x292.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mockup provided by Facebook shows the screens it will use to allow users to report a potential hoax or fake news story. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The social media giant was sharply criticized after the Nov. 8 election, as false stories were blamed for adding confusion to a dynamic campaign season. Since then, fake news and conspiracy theories were also identified as a motivating factor in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/05/504404675/man-fires-rifle-inside-d-c-pizzeria-cites-fictitious-conspiracy-theories\" target=\"_blank\">a man's assault on a pizza restaurant\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the wake of that and other stories, some called for Facebook to hire editors to vet news stories; \u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.fb.com/news/2016/12/news-feed-fyi-addressing-hoaxes-and-fake-news/\" target=\"_blank\">in today's update\u003c/a> from Facebook's vice president in charge of its News Feed feature, Adam Mosseri, the company could be seen to be effectively outsourcing that job to third-party groups that it says have signed on to \u003ca href=\"http://www.poynter.org/fact-checkers-code-of-principles/\" target=\"_blank\">Poynter's International Fact Checking Code of Principles\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The update to Facebook's plan to cope with bogus information comes nearly one month after CEO Mark Zuckerberg acknowledged that Facebook had \"much more work\" to do in how it handles false stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's news touches on four of the seven areas that Zuckerberg listed as part of his company's fight against misinformation. It remains to be seen whether the moves will satisfy Facebook's critics -- both inside and outside the company's ranks -- who have faulted the way it deals with controversial, offensive and/or fake posts. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/17/495827410/from-hate-speech-to-fake-news-the-content-crisis-facing-mark-zuckerberg\" target=\"_blank\">As NPR's Aarti Shahani reported in November\u003c/a>, that effort has grown to include thousands of overseas subcontractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a news release outlining how Facebook's new reporting and flagging process will work, Mosseri said the company will rely on its users to report a story as potentially bogus, \"along with other signals.\" The story would then be sent to fact-checkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the fact-checking organizations identify a story as fake,\" Mosseri said, \"it will get flagged as disputed and there will be a link to the corresponding article explaining why. Stories that have been disputed may also appear lower in News Feed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosseri added, \"It will still be possible to share these stories, but you will see a warning that the story has been disputed as you share.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flagged story will also be rejected if anyone tries to turn it into a promoted ad, Facebook says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While fake news created a stir because of its intersection with U.S. politics, many of the people behind the sites say they're mainly in it for the money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's how Craig Silverman of BuzzFeed News described what he found in researching the phenomenon, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/14/505547295/fake-news-expert-on-how-false-stories-spread-and-why-people-believe-them\" target=\"_blank\">Wednesday's Fresh Air\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Facebook directly doesn't really earn them a lot of money. But the key thing about Facebook -- and this is true whether you're running a politics site out of Macedonia or whether you run a very large website in the U.S. -- Facebook is the biggest driver of traffic to, you know, news websites in the world now. You know, 1.8 billion people log into Facebook every month.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Today, Facebook says it has \"found that a lot of fake news is financially motivated\" -- and that it's taking steps to remove some of that incentive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"On the buying side we've eliminated the ability to spoof domains, which will reduce the prevalence of sites that pretend to be real publications,\" Mosseri says. \"On the publisher side, we are analyzing publisher sites to detect where policy enforcement actions might be necessary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Providing new details about how it's trying to counter the spread of fake news on its services, Facebook says it's working with fact-checking groups to identify bogus stories -- and to warn users if a story they're trying to share has been reported as fake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook also says it will let users report a possible hoax by clicking the upper-right corner of a post and choosing one of four reasons they want to flag it -- from \"It's spam\" to \"It's a fake news story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a story is deemed false, it will be tagged with an alert message saying it's been \"disputed by 3rd party fact-checkers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11221910\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11221910\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide.png\" alt=\" A mockup provided by Facebook shows the screens it will use to allow users to report a potential hoax or fake news story.\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide.png 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide-160x90.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide-240x135.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide-375x211.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/reporting-a-story-as-fake-wide-520x292.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mockup provided by Facebook shows the screens it will use to allow users to report a potential hoax or fake news story. \u003ccite>(Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The social media giant was sharply criticized after the Nov. 8 election, as false stories were blamed for adding confusion to a dynamic campaign season. Since then, fake news and conspiracy theories were also identified as a motivating factor in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/05/504404675/man-fires-rifle-inside-d-c-pizzeria-cites-fictitious-conspiracy-theories\" target=\"_blank\">a man's assault on a pizza restaurant\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the wake of that and other stories, some called for Facebook to hire editors to vet news stories; \u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.fb.com/news/2016/12/news-feed-fyi-addressing-hoaxes-and-fake-news/\" target=\"_blank\">in today's update\u003c/a> from Facebook's vice president in charge of its News Feed feature, Adam Mosseri, the company could be seen to be effectively outsourcing that job to third-party groups that it says have signed on to \u003ca href=\"http://www.poynter.org/fact-checkers-code-of-principles/\" target=\"_blank\">Poynter's International Fact Checking Code of Principles\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The update to Facebook's plan to cope with bogus information comes nearly one month after CEO Mark Zuckerberg acknowledged that Facebook had \"much more work\" to do in how it handles false stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's news touches on four of the seven areas that Zuckerberg listed as part of his company's fight against misinformation. It remains to be seen whether the moves will satisfy Facebook's critics -- both inside and outside the company's ranks -- who have faulted the way it deals with controversial, offensive and/or fake posts. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/17/495827410/from-hate-speech-to-fake-news-the-content-crisis-facing-mark-zuckerberg\" target=\"_blank\">As NPR's Aarti Shahani reported in November\u003c/a>, that effort has grown to include thousands of overseas subcontractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a news release outlining how Facebook's new reporting and flagging process will work, Mosseri said the company will rely on its users to report a story as potentially bogus, \"along with other signals.\" The story would then be sent to fact-checkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the fact-checking organizations identify a story as fake,\" Mosseri said, \"it will get flagged as disputed and there will be a link to the corresponding article explaining why. Stories that have been disputed may also appear lower in News Feed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosseri added, \"It will still be possible to share these stories, but you will see a warning that the story has been disputed as you share.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flagged story will also be rejected if anyone tries to turn it into a promoted ad, Facebook says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While fake news created a stir because of its intersection with U.S. politics, many of the people behind the sites say they're mainly in it for the money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's how Craig Silverman of BuzzFeed News described what he found in researching the phenomenon, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/14/505547295/fake-news-expert-on-how-false-stories-spread-and-why-people-believe-them\" target=\"_blank\">Wednesday's Fresh Air\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Facebook directly doesn't really earn them a lot of money. But the key thing about Facebook -- and this is true whether you're running a politics site out of Macedonia or whether you run a very large website in the U.S. -- Facebook is the biggest driver of traffic to, you know, news websites in the world now. You know, 1.8 billion people log into Facebook every month.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Today, Facebook says it has \"found that a lot of fake news is financially motivated\" -- and that it's taking steps to remove some of that incentive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"On the buying side we've eliminated the ability to spoof domains, which will reduce the prevalence of sites that pretend to be real publications,\" Mosseri says. \"On the publisher side, we are analyzing publisher sites to detect where policy enforcement actions might be necessary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"planet-money": {
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
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