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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Alan Kline loves theater. He grew up in Richmond and would often go to shows at the Berkeley Repertory Theatre with his family. Kline was a theater major and now works as a national arts consultant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic he’d go see a show about once a week, favoring smaller theater companies like \u003ca href=\"https://shotgunplayers.org/Online/default.asp\">Shotgun Players\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://goldenthread.org/\">Golden Thread\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.crowdedfire.org/\">Crowded Fire\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.theatreofyugen.org/\">Theatre of Yugen\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You start to see the same faces at everything,” he said. “So I think there definitely is some insularness to audiences in the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He can’t understand why Bay Area residents and tourists aren’t more excited about live theater here. The Bay Area has four Tony Award-winning companies (\u003ca href=\"https://www.act-sf.org/\">The American Conservatory Theater\u003c/a> in 1979, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmt.org/\">the San Francisco Mime Troupe\u003c/a> in 1987, \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyrep.org/\">Berkeley Repertory Theatre\u003c/a> in 1997 and \u003ca href=\"https://theatreworks.org/\">TheatreWorks\u003c/a> in Palo Alto \u003ca href=\"https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/theater/theatreworks-wins-regional-theatre-tony-award\">in 2019\u003c/a>), so he’s curious why more people don’t think of San Francisco, and the whole area, as a theater destination. It’s a question that has nagged him for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Bay Area is getting notice, but you have to be in the industry. And I don’t understand why that hasn’t permeated more,” Kline said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ran the question — and its premise — by the San Francisco Chronicle’s theater critic, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilyJaniak?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Lily Janiak\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879132\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879132\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater.jpg\" alt=\"The Orpheum Theater in San Francisco at night\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Orpheum Theater on Market Street in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think there is some validity to that question,” Janiak said. “And I came up with a few hypotheses as to why that might be the case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Competition for tourist interest.\u003c/strong> Janiak points out that San Francisco has beautiful scenery, some of the best food and wine in the world, tons of festivals and great natural areas to explore, not to mention interesting neighborhoods. It offers a lot to tourists, which means going to a show might not be at the top priority like in other cities. Janiak says as a Midwesterner, she knows the value of fun inside activities during the long, cold winter nights. San Francisco doesn’t really have that problem.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Competition for headlines. \u003c/strong>“We have Big Tech, so they kind of dominate how many headlines can be about the Bay Area in other media outlets around the country and around the world,” Janiak said. Companies like Facebook, Google and Salesforce are changing the ways we interact, work and do business, so they dominate the headlines. That means visitors aren’t necessarily aware of the theater scene here when they visit.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Redefining terms of success.\u003c/strong> “We as a local art scene need to redefine the terms of our success,” Janiak said. “If a show that originates here is only truly a big deal if it shifts to, and then succeeds financially, in New York, then New York will remain the center of theater.” Janiak recognizes the role her journalism plays in this dynamic. The musical “Ain’t Too Proud: The Life and Times of the Temptations” premiered at Berkeley Rep, got picked up by a New York theater company and was nominated for a Tony award in 2019. “You’d better believe that I’m going to report that news,” Janiak said. “But at the same time, I recognize that by doing so, I’m feeding into the same cycle I just described to you.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The financial model.\u003c/strong> Janiak points out that most theater companies depend on loyal subscribers and donors who tend to be older and white. “They are reliable supports,” she said, and “we just don’t give the arts the kind of government support that could truly make theater of, by and for the entire population.Theater jobs also pay notoriously poorly and real estate costs are high. It’s hard for artists to afford the area, even with multiple acting gigs and side jobs. That can be a barrier to entry for new talent that might speak to the entire community, but it also means talent moves away. And theater companies often struggle to find performance spaces they can afford.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Funding for arts education.\u003c/strong> Janiak says when Proposition 13 passed and tax revenue fell, the state gutted funding for public education in California. “If we funded arts education in our public schools in proportion to how wealthy we are as a state, that would be training not only for future artists but future audiences,” she said. “You’re teaching a whole new generation of folks that theater is fun and thrilling and something for them.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Bay Area Artists Chart Their Own Course\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I turned to Sean San José, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13898099/two-distinctly-san-francisco-theater-companies-announce-bold-leadership-changes\">the new creative director\u003c/a> for San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"http://magictheatre.org/\">Magic Theatre\u003c/a> for his take on the question. San José grew up in San Francisco and co-founded Campo Santo in 1996. He’s spent his creative life as an actor, producer, director and playwright here in the Bay Area. He thinks answering Alan’s question depends on perspective and who’s defining “success.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879135\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13898099/two-distinctly-san-francisco-theater-companies-announce-bold-leadership-changes\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879135\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJose%CC%81_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1.jpeg\" alt=\"Sean San José and Sabina Zuniga Varela in Luis Alfaro's Bruja at Magic Theatre. \" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sean San José and Sabina Zuniga Varela in Luis Alfaro’s Bruja at Magic Theatre. \u003ccite>((Courtesy of Magic Theatre))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s all elitist, classist, white supremacist-rooted thinking about what is classic, what is good, what is recognized,” San José said. “And clearly a place like the bay that is historically, culturally, aesthetically, so mixed, culturally, so rooted in ‘the other,’ we’re much more interested in plotting our own piece of land rather than sort of creating something so it fits into something to be accepted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José says artists come to the Bay Area to push the limits. They’re interested in blurring the lines between types of performance to tell stories that speak to this particular community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Someone like me or our group, Campo Santo, we’re talking about a thing that responded to, hopefully neighbors and residents,” San José said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He rejects the idea that “good theater” flows from New York or London to the Bay Area. He says that attitude is just more gatekeeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The real thing that they’re saying is, ‘I don’t think we’re interested in your Chicano body. I don’t think we’re interested in your gay neighborhood. I don’t think we’re interested in your mixed population,’ ” San José said. “Well, that’s who we are; and those are the stories we’re going to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says all artists want their work to be seen and appreciated. He’d love for audiences in other cities to see his plays, but that’s not the goal. He’s creating for his community and if the rest of the world doesn’t see the value, oh well. “I think we’re interested in something new and next and that should be celebrated, as opposed to crushed down into an old definition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he says, the creative freedom that happens here radiates out into the world, calling to artists everywhere. It’s impossible to know the impact that has on creators, the inspiration it brings, the haven it provides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fxe60GVW034\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Where Can You Find Out About Bay Area Performances?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One reason Bay Area residents may not express pride in the theater scene here is simply that they don’t know what’s happening any given night. Many local newspapers have cut their arts coverage, making it even more difficult to find out what’s on stage. The big Broadway shows often grab headlines, but there’s tons going on at smaller independent theaters all over the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some resources to stay informed as theaters start opening up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/category/theater\">KQED’s theater coverage\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Follow Lily Janiak’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/author/lily-janiak/\">coverage\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilyJaniak?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Twitter\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/\">FunCheapSF\u003c/a> has listings of events\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatrebayarea.org/page/retakingthestage\">Theatre Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfarts.org/\">SF/Arts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfstation.com/theater-performance-arts/calendar/bay-area\">SF Station\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://dothebay.com/\">Do The Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you want to support theater and actors as we emerge from the coronavirus pandemic into an uncertain world, Lily Janiak suggests that you pick one local theater company or actor or director that moves you and actively support their work. Go see their plays, donate money, maybe even write a fan letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those small acts of appreciation and devotion are what bolster our art scene,” Janiak said. “And they matter. Artists don’t get them as much as you might think. It will not only make their day, but help feed their next creation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"datePublished": "2021-06-24T03:08:09-07:00",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Alan Kline loves theater. He grew up in Richmond and would often go to shows at the Berkeley Repertory Theatre with his family. Kline was a theater major and now works as a national arts consultant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic he’d go see a show about once a week, favoring smaller theater companies like \u003ca href=\"https://shotgunplayers.org/Online/default.asp\">Shotgun Players\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://goldenthread.org/\">Golden Thread\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.crowdedfire.org/\">Crowded Fire\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.theatreofyugen.org/\">Theatre of Yugen\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You start to see the same faces at everything,” he said. “So I think there definitely is some insularness to audiences in the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He can’t understand why Bay Area residents and tourists aren’t more excited about live theater here. The Bay Area has four Tony Award-winning companies (\u003ca href=\"https://www.act-sf.org/\">The American Conservatory Theater\u003c/a> in 1979, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmt.org/\">the San Francisco Mime Troupe\u003c/a> in 1987, \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyrep.org/\">Berkeley Repertory Theatre\u003c/a> in 1997 and \u003ca href=\"https://theatreworks.org/\">TheatreWorks\u003c/a> in Palo Alto \u003ca href=\"https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/theater/theatreworks-wins-regional-theatre-tony-award\">in 2019\u003c/a>), so he’s curious why more people don’t think of San Francisco, and the whole area, as a theater destination. It’s a question that has nagged him for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Bay Area is getting notice, but you have to be in the industry. And I don’t understand why that hasn’t permeated more,” Kline said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ran the question — and its premise — by the San Francisco Chronicle’s theater critic, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilyJaniak?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Lily Janiak\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879132\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879132\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater.jpg\" alt=\"The Orpheum Theater in San Francisco at night\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Bay-Area-Theater-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Orpheum Theater on Market Street in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think there is some validity to that question,” Janiak said. “And I came up with a few hypotheses as to why that might be the case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Competition for tourist interest.\u003c/strong> Janiak points out that San Francisco has beautiful scenery, some of the best food and wine in the world, tons of festivals and great natural areas to explore, not to mention interesting neighborhoods. It offers a lot to tourists, which means going to a show might not be at the top priority like in other cities. Janiak says as a Midwesterner, she knows the value of fun inside activities during the long, cold winter nights. San Francisco doesn’t really have that problem.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Competition for headlines. \u003c/strong>“We have Big Tech, so they kind of dominate how many headlines can be about the Bay Area in other media outlets around the country and around the world,” Janiak said. Companies like Facebook, Google and Salesforce are changing the ways we interact, work and do business, so they dominate the headlines. That means visitors aren’t necessarily aware of the theater scene here when they visit.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Redefining terms of success.\u003c/strong> “We as a local art scene need to redefine the terms of our success,” Janiak said. “If a show that originates here is only truly a big deal if it shifts to, and then succeeds financially, in New York, then New York will remain the center of theater.” Janiak recognizes the role her journalism plays in this dynamic. The musical “Ain’t Too Proud: The Life and Times of the Temptations” premiered at Berkeley Rep, got picked up by a New York theater company and was nominated for a Tony award in 2019. “You’d better believe that I’m going to report that news,” Janiak said. “But at the same time, I recognize that by doing so, I’m feeding into the same cycle I just described to you.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The financial model.\u003c/strong> Janiak points out that most theater companies depend on loyal subscribers and donors who tend to be older and white. “They are reliable supports,” she said, and “we just don’t give the arts the kind of government support that could truly make theater of, by and for the entire population.Theater jobs also pay notoriously poorly and real estate costs are high. It’s hard for artists to afford the area, even with multiple acting gigs and side jobs. That can be a barrier to entry for new talent that might speak to the entire community, but it also means talent moves away. And theater companies often struggle to find performance spaces they can afford.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Funding for arts education.\u003c/strong> Janiak says when Proposition 13 passed and tax revenue fell, the state gutted funding for public education in California. “If we funded arts education in our public schools in proportion to how wealthy we are as a state, that would be training not only for future artists but future audiences,” she said. “You’re teaching a whole new generation of folks that theater is fun and thrilling and something for them.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Bay Area Artists Chart Their Own Course\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I turned to Sean San José, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13898099/two-distinctly-san-francisco-theater-companies-announce-bold-leadership-changes\">the new creative director\u003c/a> for San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"http://magictheatre.org/\">Magic Theatre\u003c/a> for his take on the question. San José grew up in San Francisco and co-founded Campo Santo in 1996. He’s spent his creative life as an actor, producer, director and playwright here in the Bay Area. He thinks answering Alan’s question depends on perspective and who’s defining “success.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879135\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13898099/two-distinctly-san-francisco-theater-companies-announce-bold-leadership-changes\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879135\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJose%CC%81_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1.jpeg\" alt=\"Sean San José and Sabina Zuniga Varela in Luis Alfaro's Bruja at Magic Theatre. \" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BRUJA_SeanSanJosé_SabinaZunigaVarela_courtesy_MagicTheatre-1536x1024-1-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sean San José and Sabina Zuniga Varela in Luis Alfaro’s Bruja at Magic Theatre. \u003ccite>((Courtesy of Magic Theatre))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s all elitist, classist, white supremacist-rooted thinking about what is classic, what is good, what is recognized,” San José said. “And clearly a place like the bay that is historically, culturally, aesthetically, so mixed, culturally, so rooted in ‘the other,’ we’re much more interested in plotting our own piece of land rather than sort of creating something so it fits into something to be accepted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José says artists come to the Bay Area to push the limits. They’re interested in blurring the lines between types of performance to tell stories that speak to this particular community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Someone like me or our group, Campo Santo, we’re talking about a thing that responded to, hopefully neighbors and residents,” San José said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He rejects the idea that “good theater” flows from New York or London to the Bay Area. He says that attitude is just more gatekeeping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The real thing that they’re saying is, ‘I don’t think we’re interested in your Chicano body. I don’t think we’re interested in your gay neighborhood. I don’t think we’re interested in your mixed population,’ ” San José said. “Well, that’s who we are; and those are the stories we’re going to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says all artists want their work to be seen and appreciated. He’d love for audiences in other cities to see his plays, but that’s not the goal. He’s creating for his community and if the rest of the world doesn’t see the value, oh well. “I think we’re interested in something new and next and that should be celebrated, as opposed to crushed down into an old definition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he says, the creative freedom that happens here radiates out into the world, calling to artists everywhere. It’s impossible to know the impact that has on creators, the inspiration it brings, the haven it provides.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Fxe60GVW034'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Fxe60GVW034'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>Where Can You Find Out About Bay Area Performances?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One reason Bay Area residents may not express pride in the theater scene here is simply that they don’t know what’s happening any given night. Many local newspapers have cut their arts coverage, making it even more difficult to find out what’s on stage. The big Broadway shows often grab headlines, but there’s tons going on at smaller independent theaters all over the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some resources to stay informed as theaters start opening up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/category/theater\">KQED’s theater coverage\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Follow Lily Janiak’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/author/lily-janiak/\">coverage\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilyJaniak?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Twitter\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.funcheap.com/\">FunCheapSF\u003c/a> has listings of events\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatrebayarea.org/page/retakingthestage\">Theatre Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfarts.org/\">SF/Arts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfstation.com/theater-performance-arts/calendar/bay-area\">SF Station\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://dothebay.com/\">Do The Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you want to support theater and actors as we emerge from the coronavirus pandemic into an uncertain world, Lily Janiak suggests that you pick one local theater company or actor or director that moves you and actively support their work. Go see their plays, donate money, maybe even write a fan letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those small acts of appreciation and devotion are what bolster our art scene,” Janiak said. “And they matter. Artists don’t get them as much as you might think. It will not only make their day, but help feed their next creation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "You've Heard Experimental Sounds From Mills College (Even If You Don't Realize It)",
"headTitle": "You’ve Heard Experimental Sounds From Mills College (Even If You Don’t Realize It) | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Right in the middle of Oakland, a densely populated large urban city, sits Mills College. Originally a finishing school, the oldest women’s college on the West Coast moved to its current location in 1875. It sports architecture from notables like Bernard Maybeck and Julia Morgan and over time has grown into an identity rooted in inclusivity, social activism and female leadership. But many people don’t even know it’s there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Sara Russell describes Mills as “an oasis of nature, architecture, art, history, activism, social impact and education.” She wants to know more about the school’s music program, which has produced dozens of famous musicians, including jazz legend Dave Brubeck and singer-songwriter Joanna Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Music Program of Possibility\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“The music program at Mills is \u003ca href=\"https://daily.bandcamp.com/features/mills-college-list\">legendary,” \u003c/a>says \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmeline\">Gabe Meline\u003c/a>, KQED’s Arts senior editor. “Some big names came out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People like Dave Brubeck, Roscoe Mitchell, Anthony Braxton, Steve Reich, Lou Harrison and Terry Riley all graduated from or taught at Mills. Meline says for most people these aren’t household names, but in certain circles they are revered for pushing the definition of jazz and for pioneering minimalism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gcl6dS4_HnU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, I think the best word to sum up Mills’ approach to teaching music is possibility,” Meline said. “Students were just encouraged to do whatever to explore their imaginations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mills.edu/academics/graduate-programs/music/center-contemporary-music/index.php\">Mills’ Center for Contemporary Music\u003c/a> is particularly famous for electronic music. Graduates include composers like \u003ca href=\"https://paulineoliveros.us/\">Pauline Oliveros\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hollyherndon.com/\">Holly Herndon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/site/maggipayne/\">Maggi Payne\u003c/a> — a co-director of the center for 26 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They developed modern electronic composition in a way that is revered in serious music circles all around the world,” Meline said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Experimental Makes Its Way Into the Mainstream\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Decades later, as music production has migrated onto laptops, Meline hears echoes of the work done by Mills graduates in artists like Radiohead, Wilco, Tame Impala, Playboi Carti, Kanye West and even Justin Bieber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nntGTK2Fhb0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a big hit song a few years ago by Justin Bieber, “Where Are You Now?,” that had this squeaky little kind of dolphin sound,” Meline said. “And that sound could be traced back absolutely to people pushing and pulling tape through old tape players at Mills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills composers were a little too experimental for many mainstream listeners of their time, but music has progressed since they were first experimenting in the ’50s. Each generation builds on the work of the one before, and over time sounds that seemed completely new have become commonplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=svwJTnZOaco\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>An Uncertain Future\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Now the Mills music program is in jeopardy along with the rest of the college. Like many niche liberal arts schools, Mills has been struggling financially for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were shocked in 2019 when we learned that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13871311/mills-college-to-sell-shakespeare-first-folio-mozart-manuscript-amid-budget-woes\">Mills was selling a Shakespeare “First Folio\u003c/a>,” which is essentially the first collected edition of Shakespeare’s plays,” Meline said. “It’s from 1623. They sold one at Christie’s for $10 million, which was a big sign that something was seriously amiss financially and that Mills needed money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills College President Elizabeth Hillman announced in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11865408/mills-college-to-stop-offering-degrees-cites-low-enrollment-financial-woes\">March 2021\u003c/a> that Mills College would stop admitting new students after the fall semester, and would likely stop granting degrees in 2023. Then, in June, she announced that the college is \u003ca href=\"https://www.mills.edu/announcement/index.php\">in negotiations with Northeastern University\u003c/a> to become a satellite campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mills College President Elizabeth Hillman at the campus in Oakland on March 24, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We realized that all of this stuff is going on behind the scenes and the key core constituencies are not being consulted,” said David Bernstein, faculty chair of the music department after the original closure announcement. He and other faculty members have been fighting to be included in conversations about the college’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/30/arts/music/mills-college-music.html\">press coverage about the music department\u003c/a> has focused on its archive, which he says includes an incredible collection of artifacts documenting the pioneering musical history of Mills students and famous composers who have come together to play on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a documentation of the experimental music tradition at Mills College,” Bernstein said. “All kinds of incredible treasures. It’s a documentation of artistic activity at an institution that was a cauldron for all of these innovative ideas and different people working with one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernstein understands how impressive the archive is — he’s used it in his research. But he’s more concerned about preserving the future of the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s so much more institutionally that towers above the importance of the archive,” he said. “Yes, it has cultural significance, but actually the department itself is much more important than the archives. I don’t know that there are many places in the world that do what we do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has been working to marshal the music program’s illustrious alumni to defend the Center for Contemporary Music and the department as a whole. He hopes that with more of the stakeholders involved, the Mills community can find a solution that allows the historic college to continue to exist in some form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "While the fate of Mills College in Oakland is up in the air, many wonder what will happen its music program, which has produced many influential musicians.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Right in the middle of Oakland, a densely populated large urban city, sits Mills College. Originally a finishing school, the oldest women’s college on the West Coast moved to its current location in 1875. It sports architecture from notables like Bernard Maybeck and Julia Morgan and over time has grown into an identity rooted in inclusivity, social activism and female leadership. But many people don’t even know it’s there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Sara Russell describes Mills as “an oasis of nature, architecture, art, history, activism, social impact and education.” She wants to know more about the school’s music program, which has produced dozens of famous musicians, including jazz legend Dave Brubeck and singer-songwriter Joanna Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Music Program of Possibility\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“The music program at Mills is \u003ca href=\"https://daily.bandcamp.com/features/mills-college-list\">legendary,” \u003c/a>says \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gmeline\">Gabe Meline\u003c/a>, KQED’s Arts senior editor. “Some big names came out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People like Dave Brubeck, Roscoe Mitchell, Anthony Braxton, Steve Reich, Lou Harrison and Terry Riley all graduated from or taught at Mills. Meline says for most people these aren’t household names, but in certain circles they are revered for pushing the definition of jazz and for pioneering minimalism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Gcl6dS4_HnU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Gcl6dS4_HnU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“I mean, I think the best word to sum up Mills’ approach to teaching music is possibility,” Meline said. “Students were just encouraged to do whatever to explore their imaginations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mills.edu/academics/graduate-programs/music/center-contemporary-music/index.php\">Mills’ Center for Contemporary Music\u003c/a> is particularly famous for electronic music. Graduates include composers like \u003ca href=\"https://paulineoliveros.us/\">Pauline Oliveros\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hollyherndon.com/\">Holly Herndon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/site/maggipayne/\">Maggi Payne\u003c/a> — a co-director of the center for 26 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They developed modern electronic composition in a way that is revered in serious music circles all around the world,” Meline said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Experimental Makes Its Way Into the Mainstream\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Decades later, as music production has migrated onto laptops, Meline hears echoes of the work done by Mills graduates in artists like Radiohead, Wilco, Tame Impala, Playboi Carti, Kanye West and even Justin Bieber.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/nntGTK2Fhb0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/nntGTK2Fhb0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“There was a big hit song a few years ago by Justin Bieber, “Where Are You Now?,” that had this squeaky little kind of dolphin sound,” Meline said. “And that sound could be traced back absolutely to people pushing and pulling tape through old tape players at Mills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills composers were a little too experimental for many mainstream listeners of their time, but music has progressed since they were first experimenting in the ’50s. Each generation builds on the work of the one before, and over time sounds that seemed completely new have become commonplace.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/svwJTnZOaco'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/svwJTnZOaco'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>An Uncertain Future\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Now the Mills music program is in jeopardy along with the rest of the college. Like many niche liberal arts schools, Mills has been struggling financially for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were shocked in 2019 when we learned that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13871311/mills-college-to-sell-shakespeare-first-folio-mozart-manuscript-amid-budget-woes\">Mills was selling a Shakespeare “First Folio\u003c/a>,” which is essentially the first collected edition of Shakespeare’s plays,” Meline said. “It’s from 1623. They sold one at Christie’s for $10 million, which was a big sign that something was seriously amiss financially and that Mills needed money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills College President Elizabeth Hillman announced in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11865408/mills-college-to-stop-offering-degrees-cites-low-enrollment-financial-woes\">March 2021\u003c/a> that Mills College would stop admitting new students after the fall semester, and would likely stop granting degrees in 2023. Then, in June, she announced that the college is \u003ca href=\"https://www.mills.edu/announcement/index.php\">in negotiations with Northeastern University\u003c/a> to become a satellite campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879052\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS48239_001_Oakland_MillsCollege_03242021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mills College President Elizabeth Hillman at the campus in Oakland on March 24, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We realized that all of this stuff is going on behind the scenes and the key core constituencies are not being consulted,” said David Bernstein, faculty chair of the music department after the original closure announcement. He and other faculty members have been fighting to be included in conversations about the college’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/30/arts/music/mills-college-music.html\">press coverage about the music department\u003c/a> has focused on its archive, which he says includes an incredible collection of artifacts documenting the pioneering musical history of Mills students and famous composers who have come together to play on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a documentation of the experimental music tradition at Mills College,” Bernstein said. “All kinds of incredible treasures. It’s a documentation of artistic activity at an institution that was a cauldron for all of these innovative ideas and different people working with one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernstein understands how impressive the archive is — he’s used it in his research. But he’s more concerned about preserving the future of the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s so much more institutionally that towers above the importance of the archive,” he said. “Yes, it has cultural significance, but actually the department itself is much more important than the archives. I don’t know that there are many places in the world that do what we do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has been working to marshal the music program’s illustrious alumni to defend the Center for Contemporary Music and the department as a whole. He hopes that with more of the stakeholders involved, the Mills community can find a solution that allows the historic college to continue to exist in some form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "preserving-the-legacy-of-beach-blanket-babylon-one-hat-at-a-time",
"title": "Preserving the Legacy of 'Beach Blanket Babylon' One Hat at a Time",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco is a town that prides itself on its quirkiness, sense of humor and colorful characters. Nothing captures that spirit quite like “Beach Blanket Babylon.” Created by Steve Silver in 1974, the musical revue tour de force featured parodies of celebrities and current events, poking fun at political figures on both sides of the spectrum and sparing no one. Tourists and locals alike loved the campy show that seemed to encapsulate some of San Francisco’s zany energy. Over its 45-year run, it became synonymous with the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The locals would come and see it about 10 times and bring people, because it was never the same show twice,” said Jo Schuman Silver, owner and producer of “Beach Blanket Babylon.” Schuman Silver was married to the show’s creator, Steve Silver, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1995/06/14/obituaries/steve-silver-51-creator-of-revue-that-captivated-san-francisco.html\">died of AIDS in 1995\u003c/a>. Before he passed, Steve asked Jo to run the show and made her promise to keep it intact and true to his vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schuman Silver said the audience was two-thirds local, one-third tourist, even though most people thought it was the other way around. When the British royal family visited San Francisco, they went to “Beach Blanket Babylon.” And numerous San Francisco figures, like former Mayors Willie Brown and Ed Lee, have made appearances in the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The musical revue’s first home was the \u003ca href=\"https://brokeassstuart.com/sf/2014/09/25/the-city-that-was-the-savoy-tivoli/\">Savoy Tivoli\u003c/a>, a North Beach club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was narrow, but very high,” said Schuman Silver. “And in order to fill the space [Steve] started building hats. Very small at first and they kept getting bigger and bigger and bigger.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879015\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879015\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Sketch of Beach Blanket Babylon waitress hat next to the character on stage.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1966\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-800x614.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-1020x783.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-160x123.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-1536x1180.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-2048x1573.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-1920x1475.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Silver sketch of ‘Beach Blanket Babylon’ waitress costume next to the character on stage. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Beach Blanket Babylon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the show moved to \u003ca href=\"https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/theater/new-circus-show-to-take-the-stage-in-club-fugazi-former-venue-of-beach-blanket-babylon\">Club Fugazi\u003c/a>, its home for decades, it had already become known for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/chronicle_vault/article/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Behind-the-scenes-14927676.php#photo-18765215\">fabulous costumes\u003c/a>, sense of humor and humongous hats. Steve Silver changed the musical numbers continuously, aided by a 6,000-foot San Francisco warehouse full of costumes that could be repurposed to create fresh-feeling content in record time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were very, very current,” Schuman Silver said. “If something happened in the morning that we thought was relevant and our audience would care, we would get in the show by that night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Jo Schuman Silver took over producing the show, she tried to run it the way Silver would have wanted. But she admits, the show became \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/10137317/naughty-and-nice-forty-years-of-beach-blanket-babylon\">a bit more political during her time\u003c/a>. One of her most memorable skits was from 2003 when Arnold Schwarzenegger announced his run for governor of California. Schuman Silver happened to see him make the announcement on Jay Leno, “which was really unusual for me. I hardly ever saw that show,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She called a team member and told them to dig up the “Terminator” costume from the warehouse for a skit the next night. When Donald Trump got into politics, the “Beach Blanket Babylon” team already had the wigs and costumes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780183/from-schwarzenegger-to-trump-beach-blanket-babylon-has-stayed-on-top-of-headlines-for-45-years\">make him a central character of the show\u003c/a> almost every night, sometimes more than once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879016\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"Steve Silver sketch of the Hollywood hat next to the on stage charcter.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1485\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped-800x619.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped-1020x789.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped-1536x1188.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Silver sketch of the Hollywood hat next to the on stage character. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Beach Blanket Babylon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Schuman Silver announced that “Beach Blanket Babylon” would \u003ca href=\"https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/theater/sf-treasure-beach-blanket-babylon-to-close-after-45-years\">close at the end of 2019\u003c/a>, not because it was in financial trouble, but because she felt it was time. Little did she know the coronavirus pandemic would hit just a few months later, completely changing the theater landscape for the next year and a half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How lucky were we that I closed the show a month before COVID came? I cannot believe how fortunate we were,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the show closed, Schuman Silver and her team have been organizing their warehouse and fielding requests to either preserve “Beach Blanket” memorabilia or lend it out. Much of that work stopped when San Francisco shut down to prevent the spread of coronavirus, but now she is picking it back up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking back at all the props, crazy wigs, 300-pound hats and other ridiculous costumes, she says it’s like looking at a history of the later part of the 20th century into the 21st century. Preserving it is her “labor of love.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Smithsonian in Washington, D.C., wants a few pieces. The last time Schuman Silver spoke with them it seemed like they’d get a dancing Christmas tree, a Mr. Peanut dressed as Santa Claus and probably some royals stuff from when the show went on tour to London. They’re still finalizing the list. Other treasures will go to local museums, including the de Young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing about ‘Beach Blanket’ that made it so visually beautiful is that Steve Silver is an artist, so everything was drawn so beautifully,” Schuman Silver said. “He sketched everything; how he saw his show; how he saw numbers going in the show; and then we would give it to our makeup or costume designer and they would create what Steve had in mind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The famous \u003ca href=\"https://illustrationchronicles.com/al-hirschfeld-broadway-s-king-of-caricature\">sketch artist Al Hirschfeld\u003c/a> made several drawings of “Beach Blanket” characters. Those, Schuman Silver said, will go to the de Young Museum among other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mronRVvdmw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re really careful where everything goes,” Schuman Silver said. She gets requests from all over the country, including local schools and theaters. She’s happy to help out by lending a hat or costume to a local group, but said when it comes to preserving the show’s legacy — and by extension Steve Silver’s legacy — she’s particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has to have a connection to the show, a connection to Steve Silver, a connection to the city. Everything in ‘Beach Blanket’ always had a reason why we did it. It looked like it didn’t have a reason, but everything has a meaning. So we have to decide where everything will go,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young actors have approached her about reviving the show in some way, but she said no. She does, however, sometimes take requests for special performances at private events. Part of the reason “Beach Blanket Babylon” became so synonymous with the city was its inclusion of local celebrities and politicians. Steve Silver would often get requests for special musical numbers to commemorate an anniversary or wedding. Schuman Silver said if the cast who still live nearby want to do those types of events, she’s up for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Steve always wanted the show intact. And that’s how we’re keeping it,” she said. “I don’t think the idea of ‘Beach Blanket’ will ever die. It will be in different incarnations. That’s how I figure it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Beach Blanket Babylon fans have been wondering what will happen to the show's signature costumes and hats. Jo Schuman Silver says some will go to the Smithsonian and other local museums.",
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"headline": "Preserving the Legacy of 'Beach Blanket Babylon' One Hat at a Time",
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"subhead": "Pieces From Beach Blanket Babylon Will Be Preserved At The Smithsonian",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco is a town that prides itself on its quirkiness, sense of humor and colorful characters. Nothing captures that spirit quite like “Beach Blanket Babylon.” Created by Steve Silver in 1974, the musical revue tour de force featured parodies of celebrities and current events, poking fun at political figures on both sides of the spectrum and sparing no one. Tourists and locals alike loved the campy show that seemed to encapsulate some of San Francisco’s zany energy. Over its 45-year run, it became synonymous with the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The locals would come and see it about 10 times and bring people, because it was never the same show twice,” said Jo Schuman Silver, owner and producer of “Beach Blanket Babylon.” Schuman Silver was married to the show’s creator, Steve Silver, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1995/06/14/obituaries/steve-silver-51-creator-of-revue-that-captivated-san-francisco.html\">died of AIDS in 1995\u003c/a>. Before he passed, Steve asked Jo to run the show and made her promise to keep it intact and true to his vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schuman Silver said the audience was two-thirds local, one-third tourist, even though most people thought it was the other way around. When the British royal family visited San Francisco, they went to “Beach Blanket Babylon.” And numerous San Francisco figures, like former Mayors Willie Brown and Ed Lee, have made appearances in the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The musical revue’s first home was the \u003ca href=\"https://brokeassstuart.com/sf/2014/09/25/the-city-that-was-the-savoy-tivoli/\">Savoy Tivoli\u003c/a>, a North Beach club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was narrow, but very high,” said Schuman Silver. “And in order to fill the space [Steve] started building hats. Very small at first and they kept getting bigger and bigger and bigger.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879015\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879015\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Sketch of Beach Blanket Babylon waitress hat next to the character on stage.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1966\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-800x614.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-1020x783.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-160x123.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-1536x1180.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-2048x1573.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Waitress-Hat-1920x1475.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Silver sketch of ‘Beach Blanket Babylon’ waitress costume next to the character on stage. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Beach Blanket Babylon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the show moved to \u003ca href=\"https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/theater/new-circus-show-to-take-the-stage-in-club-fugazi-former-venue-of-beach-blanket-babylon\">Club Fugazi\u003c/a>, its home for decades, it had already become known for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/chronicle_vault/article/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Behind-the-scenes-14927676.php#photo-18765215\">fabulous costumes\u003c/a>, sense of humor and humongous hats. Steve Silver changed the musical numbers continuously, aided by a 6,000-foot San Francisco warehouse full of costumes that could be repurposed to create fresh-feeling content in record time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were very, very current,” Schuman Silver said. “If something happened in the morning that we thought was relevant and our audience would care, we would get in the show by that night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Jo Schuman Silver took over producing the show, she tried to run it the way Silver would have wanted. But she admits, the show became \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/10137317/naughty-and-nice-forty-years-of-beach-blanket-babylon\">a bit more political during her time\u003c/a>. One of her most memorable skits was from 2003 when Arnold Schwarzenegger announced his run for governor of California. Schuman Silver happened to see him make the announcement on Jay Leno, “which was really unusual for me. I hardly ever saw that show,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She called a team member and told them to dig up the “Terminator” costume from the warehouse for a skit the next night. When Donald Trump got into politics, the “Beach Blanket Babylon” team already had the wigs and costumes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780183/from-schwarzenegger-to-trump-beach-blanket-babylon-has-stayed-on-top-of-headlines-for-45-years\">make him a central character of the show\u003c/a> almost every night, sometimes more than once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11879016\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"Steve Silver sketch of the Hollywood hat next to the on stage charcter.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1485\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped-800x619.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped-1020x789.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Beach-Blanket-Babylon-Hollywood-Hat-cropped-1536x1188.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Silver sketch of the Hollywood hat next to the on stage character. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Beach Blanket Babylon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Schuman Silver announced that “Beach Blanket Babylon” would \u003ca href=\"https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/theater/sf-treasure-beach-blanket-babylon-to-close-after-45-years\">close at the end of 2019\u003c/a>, not because it was in financial trouble, but because she felt it was time. Little did she know the coronavirus pandemic would hit just a few months later, completely changing the theater landscape for the next year and a half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How lucky were we that I closed the show a month before COVID came? I cannot believe how fortunate we were,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the show closed, Schuman Silver and her team have been organizing their warehouse and fielding requests to either preserve “Beach Blanket” memorabilia or lend it out. Much of that work stopped when San Francisco shut down to prevent the spread of coronavirus, but now she is picking it back up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking back at all the props, crazy wigs, 300-pound hats and other ridiculous costumes, she says it’s like looking at a history of the later part of the 20th century into the 21st century. Preserving it is her “labor of love.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Smithsonian in Washington, D.C., wants a few pieces. The last time Schuman Silver spoke with them it seemed like they’d get a dancing Christmas tree, a Mr. Peanut dressed as Santa Claus and probably some royals stuff from when the show went on tour to London. They’re still finalizing the list. Other treasures will go to local museums, including the de Young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing about ‘Beach Blanket’ that made it so visually beautiful is that Steve Silver is an artist, so everything was drawn so beautifully,” Schuman Silver said. “He sketched everything; how he saw his show; how he saw numbers going in the show; and then we would give it to our makeup or costume designer and they would create what Steve had in mind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The famous \u003ca href=\"https://illustrationchronicles.com/al-hirschfeld-broadway-s-king-of-caricature\">sketch artist Al Hirschfeld\u003c/a> made several drawings of “Beach Blanket” characters. Those, Schuman Silver said, will go to the de Young Museum among other things.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/9mronRVvdmw'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/9mronRVvdmw'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“We’re really careful where everything goes,” Schuman Silver said. She gets requests from all over the country, including local schools and theaters. She’s happy to help out by lending a hat or costume to a local group, but said when it comes to preserving the show’s legacy — and by extension Steve Silver’s legacy — she’s particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has to have a connection to the show, a connection to Steve Silver, a connection to the city. Everything in ‘Beach Blanket’ always had a reason why we did it. It looked like it didn’t have a reason, but everything has a meaning. So we have to decide where everything will go,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young actors have approached her about reviving the show in some way, but she said no. She does, however, sometimes take requests for special performances at private events. Part of the reason “Beach Blanket Babylon” became so synonymous with the city was its inclusion of local celebrities and politicians. Steve Silver would often get requests for special musical numbers to commemorate an anniversary or wedding. Schuman Silver said if the cast who still live nearby want to do those types of events, she’s up for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Steve always wanted the show intact. And that’s how we’re keeping it,” she said. “I don’t think the idea of ‘Beach Blanket’ will ever die. It will be in different incarnations. That’s how I figure it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "fire-monks-prepared-to-defend-tassajara-zen-center-as-willow-fire-threatens",
"title": "'Fire Monks' Prepared to Defend Tassajara Zen Center as Willow Fire Threatens",
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"headTitle": "‘Fire Monks’ Prepared to Defend Tassajara Zen Center as Willow Fire Threatens | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Willow Fire, which ignited Thursday evening in the rugged Ventana Wilderness of Los Padres National Forest — in the mountains about 15 miles southeast of Big Sur — \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/06/18/willow-fire-in-monterey-county-swells-to-750-acres/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has been burning dangerously close\u003c/a> to the Tassajara Zen Mountain Center, a Buddhist monastery and retreat center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By Monday morning, the blaze had consumed nearly 2,400 acres and was 0% contained, according to U.S. Forest Service officials. Evacuation orders issued by the Monterey County Sheriff’s Office included the Arroyo Seco Campground to the east of the fire, as well as the long, winding Tassajara Road from China Camp Campground south to the zen center, where it terminates. Tassajara’s residents evacuated the center on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody’s healthy and in good spirits,” Sozan Diego Miglioli, president of the San Francisco Zen Center, which manages Tassajara, told KQED on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Willow Fire is burning north of the area burned by last year’s Dolan Fire, and nearby the area burned in the 2016 Soberanes Fire. More than 450 firefighters have been deployed in the steep, rugged terrain to fight the blaze, aided by planes and helicopters. Officials on Monday said crews were continuing to prepare to defend Tassajara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800px\" height=\"1000px\" src=\"https://montereyco.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=905a9458324b4868804d96b5593eb978\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miglioli, who is based in San Francisco, has been in close contact with those on the ground at Tassajara. He said seven people — the center’s professionally trained ‘fire monks’ — have remained and are now working with the agencies managing the firefight, including the U.S. Forest Service and Monterey County Sheriff’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘Fire monks’ stems from a \u003ca href=\"http://colleenmortonbusch.com/fire-monks/\">book with the same name\u003c/a> written by Colleen Morton Busch, about zen monks at Tassajara who stayed behind to fight the 2008 Basin Complex Fire which reached the monastery. Busch said that blaze arrived slowly, giving the community time to prepare. But monks at Tassajara ended up being left alone, without professional backup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What they did — refusing to evacuate and staying to defend their temple — was both extraordinary and just an extension of their everyday practice,” Busch said in an email to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Awareness of living in fire country has always been a part of the culture at Tassajara. I was put on the resident fire crew when I did a practice period there,” she said, after her book was published. After 2008, Busch said they’ve stepped up training and infrastructure “to become more perennially and deeply fire-resilient, knowing fire will come again, and again, and again to that landscape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878804\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1620px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11878804\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1620\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep.jpg 1620w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1620px) 100vw, 1620px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters with the US Forest Service work on steep terrain in the Ventana Wilderness as they battle the Willow Fire on June 21, 2021. Trained ‘fire monks’ at the nearby Tassajara Zen Center, which is threatened by the fire, are also prepared to defend the structure. \u003ccite>(Los Padres National Forest/Twitter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We train people every year … for fire season,” Miglioli said. “We have a system called Dharma Rain in the monastery, which is basically a sprinkler system that’s on the roof of every building in and around the area. That’s been running since Thursday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the basic tenants of Zen is meeting reality as it is right now,” Miglioli added. “It doesn’t get more real than this. Being there in the moment, working on equanimity and meeting reality as it is right now … that’s a crucial part of our training. Even though it’s not aiming a hose at a burning tree, it’s still very, very important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busch echoed this idea in explaining that there are many ways Zen practice is “excellent preparation” for dealing with a wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Zen nurtures a tolerance for and even appreciation of uncertainty — a helpful quality in general, but especially during an event as dynamic as a wildfire approaching,” Busch said. “Zen trains you to cultivate an open, calm, all-senses-on-deck, moment-by-moment awareness of what is actually happening, rather than what you fear might happen or what happened in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LosPadresNF/status/1407093374536978432?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tassajara was the first residential training monastery in the United States and one of the biggest residential centers to study Zen in the west. “People have been going to Tassajara for years and years, it’s a place that’s very loved by many, many people,” Miglioli said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s usually 90 day intensive practice periods, and during the summer season there are often retreats and courses. Around 8,000 people might visit Tassajara in a given summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reflecting on how fires are becoming increasingly frequent and the connections of climate change and global warming, Miglioli said, “Stop and think, why? Why is this happening?” What used to happen every 10 to 15 years is now happening every two years or so, he said. “I think we all have an important lesson to learn out of this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The San Francisco Zen Center is providing updates on Tassajara \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfzc.org/fire-updates\">here\u003c/a>. Find ongoing updates on the Willow Fire from the Monterey County Office of Emergency Services \u003ca href=\"https://www.co.monterey.ca.us/government/departments-a-h/administrative-office/office-of-emergency-services/response/2021-wildfires\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Willow Fire, which ignited Thursday evening in the rugged Ventana Wilderness of Los Padres National Forest — in the mountains about 15 miles southeast of Big Sur — \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/06/18/willow-fire-in-monterey-county-swells-to-750-acres/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has been burning dangerously close\u003c/a> to the Tassajara Zen Mountain Center, a Buddhist monastery and retreat center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By Monday morning, the blaze had consumed nearly 2,400 acres and was 0% contained, according to U.S. Forest Service officials. Evacuation orders issued by the Monterey County Sheriff’s Office included the Arroyo Seco Campground to the east of the fire, as well as the long, winding Tassajara Road from China Camp Campground south to the zen center, where it terminates. Tassajara’s residents evacuated the center on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody’s healthy and in good spirits,” Sozan Diego Miglioli, president of the San Francisco Zen Center, which manages Tassajara, told KQED on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Willow Fire is burning north of the area burned by last year’s Dolan Fire, and nearby the area burned in the 2016 Soberanes Fire. More than 450 firefighters have been deployed in the steep, rugged terrain to fight the blaze, aided by planes and helicopters. Officials on Monday said crews were continuing to prepare to defend Tassajara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800px\" height=\"1000px\" src=\"https://montereyco.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=905a9458324b4868804d96b5593eb978\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miglioli, who is based in San Francisco, has been in close contact with those on the ground at Tassajara. He said seven people — the center’s professionally trained ‘fire monks’ — have remained and are now working with the agencies managing the firefight, including the U.S. Forest Service and Monterey County Sheriff’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘Fire monks’ stems from a \u003ca href=\"http://colleenmortonbusch.com/fire-monks/\">book with the same name\u003c/a> written by Colleen Morton Busch, about zen monks at Tassajara who stayed behind to fight the 2008 Basin Complex Fire which reached the monastery. Busch said that blaze arrived slowly, giving the community time to prepare. But monks at Tassajara ended up being left alone, without professional backup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What they did — refusing to evacuate and staying to defend their temple — was both extraordinary and just an extension of their everyday practice,” Busch said in an email to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Awareness of living in fire country has always been a part of the culture at Tassajara. I was put on the resident fire crew when I did a practice period there,” she said, after her book was published. After 2008, Busch said they’ve stepped up training and infrastructure “to become more perennially and deeply fire-resilient, knowing fire will come again, and again, and again to that landscape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878804\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1620px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11878804\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1620\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep.jpg 1620w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/WillowFireSteep-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1620px) 100vw, 1620px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Firefighters with the US Forest Service work on steep terrain in the Ventana Wilderness as they battle the Willow Fire on June 21, 2021. Trained ‘fire monks’ at the nearby Tassajara Zen Center, which is threatened by the fire, are also prepared to defend the structure. \u003ccite>(Los Padres National Forest/Twitter)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We train people every year … for fire season,” Miglioli said. “We have a system called Dharma Rain in the monastery, which is basically a sprinkler system that’s on the roof of every building in and around the area. That’s been running since Thursday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the basic tenants of Zen is meeting reality as it is right now,” Miglioli added. “It doesn’t get more real than this. Being there in the moment, working on equanimity and meeting reality as it is right now … that’s a crucial part of our training. Even though it’s not aiming a hose at a burning tree, it’s still very, very important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Busch echoed this idea in explaining that there are many ways Zen practice is “excellent preparation” for dealing with a wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Zen nurtures a tolerance for and even appreciation of uncertainty — a helpful quality in general, but especially during an event as dynamic as a wildfire approaching,” Busch said. “Zen trains you to cultivate an open, calm, all-senses-on-deck, moment-by-moment awareness of what is actually happening, rather than what you fear might happen or what happened in the past.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Tassajara was the first residential training monastery in the United States and one of the biggest residential centers to study Zen in the west. “People have been going to Tassajara for years and years, it’s a place that’s very loved by many, many people,” Miglioli said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s usually 90 day intensive practice periods, and during the summer season there are often retreats and courses. Around 8,000 people might visit Tassajara in a given summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reflecting on how fires are becoming increasingly frequent and the connections of climate change and global warming, Miglioli said, “Stop and think, why? Why is this happening?” What used to happen every 10 to 15 years is now happening every two years or so, he said. “I think we all have an important lesson to learn out of this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The San Francisco Zen Center is providing updates on Tassajara \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfzc.org/fire-updates\">here\u003c/a>. Find ongoing updates on the Willow Fire from the Monterey County Office of Emergency Services \u003ca href=\"https://www.co.monterey.ca.us/government/departments-a-h/administrative-office/office-of-emergency-services/response/2021-wildfires\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Francisco’s New Chief of Homelessness on How to Spend $1 Billion and Get People Housed Quickly",
"title": "San Francisco’s New Chief of Homelessness on How to Spend $1 Billion and Get People Housed Quickly",
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"content": "\u003cp>Shireen McSpadden took the helm last month as the director of San Francisco’s Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing. McSpadden is coming to the department at a pivotal time. At last count, the city had more than \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/2019HIRDReport_SanFrancisco_FinalDraft-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">8,000 people\u003c/a> experiencing homelessness, and experts have predicted that number could grow as a result of pandemic-related job losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s overseeing a department with a budget that’s grown more than 60% to nearly \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/HSH-FY21-23-Budget-Deck_LHCB_6.7.2021_corrected.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$672 million\u003c/a>. The dramatic increase is a result of newly released funding from Proposition C, a tax on corporate revenues that voters approved in 2018, to fund new housing and services for people experiencing homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former executive director of the Department of Disability and Aging Services, McSpadden takes over from Abigail Stewart-Kahn, who served as interim director of the department during the pandemic after former Director Jeff Kositsky stepped down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, McSpadden toured one of San Francisco’s newest permanent supportive housing sites, the Post Hotel, operated by Episcopal Community Services and Caritas Management Corporation. The converted hotel will provide housing for 89 adults and couples, including 18 existing tenants. Residents will pay no more than 30% of their income toward rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McSpadden said the hotel represents “a great example” of Mayor London Breed’s \u003ca href=\"https://sfmayor.org/article/mayor-london-breed-announces-plan-fund-homelessness-recovery-plan-prioritizing-housing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Homelessness Recovery Plan\u003c/a>, which includes placing 4,500 households in permanent housing with supportive services onsite over the next two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878669\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878669\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shireen McSpadden, director of the San Francisco Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing, visiting a room at the Post Hotel in San Francisco on June 17, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>McSpadden spoke with KQED about her vision and priorities for the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for clarity and length.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What Policy Implementation Might Look Like\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You mentioned the Post Hotel is a good example of what the mayor’s plan on homelessness will look like. Could you talk a little bit about what implementing this policy is going to look like?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We're looking to [do] 4,500 placements in the next two years, which is huge. It’s really a huge commitment on the part of the city. We're able to do it because of Prop. C dollars, because of the mayor's budget and the emphasis she places on homelessness and making sure that people have the right supports. We can move people into housing, but without those supportive pieces of it, sometimes people don't stabilize in housing. And we've seen that with a lot of the populations on the street. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Shireen McSpadden\"]'There's such an equity piece to homelessness. We know that close to 40% of the people who are homeless are African American ... It's part of making sure that people who've been displaced in San Francisco actually have a home to go to.[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's exciting for various reasons. One of them is there's such an equity piece to homelessness. We know that close to 40% of the people who are homeless are African American. And the city has a history of not doing well by the African American population, a horrible history. It's part of making sure that people who've been displaced in San Francisco actually have a home to go to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a chance for us to think about ways that we serve our residents better across the city. So, we're not only thinking about having supportive housing in this area, we're thinking about how we do this across the city so that there's a geographical equity piece to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To me, it's just really exciting to come into the department at this time when we have an unprecedented amount of resources. We're also building up the department, so that we will really be able to respond to the needs of people, get our contracts out the door quicker and things like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's just a lot happening at once. There's a confluence of federal, state and local resources that are finally coming together in a way that makes sense and that really will help us make a much larger dent in this issue than we've been able to do in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Department Priorities\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There’s a lot that needs to get done. What are your priorities for the department?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a really good framework at this department. We have really good interventions, whether it's problem solving and prevention or it's housing people and all the other things that we do.\u003cbr>\nBut I think we still have a lot of gaps even within those buckets. Trying to tease out what those are and figuring out how do we create a better system for people to enter? Can we make things quicker?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can look at certain populations and see if we can do a better job. Again, equity is a huge thing and it's a huge thing for us to tackle because we have such an inequity in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the big things for this department is that it's new. It was formed in 2016 by bringing together staff from a couple of different departments. It's been under-resourced, and we're in the process now of really building up our capacity and building up our staffing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's important because with all this money, we have to be able to be the engine that gets it out the door, ultimately to get people housed. And we're challenged by that right now because we're in building mode. So doing that as quickly as possible is really important, and that's a high priority for us.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Staffing Up to Distribute Proposition C Funds\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>With all this new money — distributing around $1 billion in Prop. C funds over the next few years, new state and federal money — it’s all coming together. But without the capacity to get the money out the door, then it just sits in the bank. You brought on two new positions to your leadership team: Noelle Simmons, the former deputy director at the [San Francisco] Human Services Agency, and Cynthia Nagendra, the former executive director at the [UCSF] Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative. Can you tell me a little bit about what else is going on with the staffing and how the department is trying to build itself up so it is really positioned to get the money out the door quickly?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Really, it's hiring right now. Our team is working fast and furiously to hire all of these positions that we have. We have new positions in our budget. Right now, I think we have about 130 staff and we've got something like 80 positions that we will be hiring for, which is a ton when you think about the size of the department. And so we're doing that as quickly as we can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>At this point, Emily Cohen, a spokesperson for the department, chimed in to add that the department’s budget is growing by 62%.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Cohen:\u003c/strong> In terms of operationalizing that, tracking it, accountability, ensuring we have due diligence and public process to get it out the door, we want to have the highest level of integrity in everything we do. It turns out that takes capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shireen McSpadden:\u003c/strong> The other thing is we want to be able to communicate our success. We want to be able to show that we're moving the needle. We hear a lot of frustration in the community about what's not being done. We want to be able to show what we are doing and how many people really have been housed. So we're going to be working on that. Certainly we track information, and we have data but we continuously want to improve that process. We also want to think about how we communicate to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Bridging the Equity Gap\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You talked a little bit earlier about gap in equity. I'm just wondering, could you give me an example of some things where there might be gaps, or disconnects, that you're looking to bridge?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are challenged a little bit by our process in being able to reach specific populations. And I'll give one example, and that's because I came from the Department of Disability and Aging. One example is older people. I have known older people who don't rise to the top in terms of priority, but they're clearly 80 and homeless. So that's just one example of how I think we need to tweak our system a little bit to figure out how we can change that. [aside tag=\"housing\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Maintaining a Sense of Urgency\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>So much happened during the pandemic — the city opened around 2,000 units of new, interim shelter in a very short period of time under the state’s Project Roomkey. And I’ve heard a lot of people talk about how the pandemic created a new sense of urgency to get people experiencing homelessness into housing, quickly. But, homelessness was a humanitarian crisis before the pandemic, and we weren’t seeing that same sense of urgency. How do you maintain that sense of urgency even as the economy reopens and people begin to return to a sense of normalcy?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's an interesting question. I've always thought of it as being urgent. What did happen during the pandemic is people came together better. But to me, it is a very urgent issue for people in this city, for homeless people, but also for people who are housed, who see homelessness and don't like it for various reasons, either for humanitarian reasons or because they see it as scary or dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think there's a high level of urgency. I do think that COVID taught us a lot about what we can do and what we can fund and how that makes a difference. And so I think to that end, we'll keep the sense of urgency as well.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Shireen McSpadden took the helm last month as the director of San Francisco’s Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing. McSpadden is coming to the department at a pivotal time. At last count, the city had more than \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/2019HIRDReport_SanFrancisco_FinalDraft-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">8,000 people\u003c/a> experiencing homelessness, and experts have predicted that number could grow as a result of pandemic-related job losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s overseeing a department with a budget that’s grown more than 60% to nearly \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/HSH-FY21-23-Budget-Deck_LHCB_6.7.2021_corrected.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$672 million\u003c/a>. The dramatic increase is a result of newly released funding from Proposition C, a tax on corporate revenues that voters approved in 2018, to fund new housing and services for people experiencing homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former executive director of the Department of Disability and Aging Services, McSpadden takes over from Abigail Stewart-Kahn, who served as interim director of the department during the pandemic after former Director Jeff Kositsky stepped down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, McSpadden toured one of San Francisco’s newest permanent supportive housing sites, the Post Hotel, operated by Episcopal Community Services and Caritas Management Corporation. The converted hotel will provide housing for 89 adults and couples, including 18 existing tenants. Residents will pay no more than 30% of their income toward rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McSpadden said the hotel represents “a great example” of Mayor London Breed’s \u003ca href=\"https://sfmayor.org/article/mayor-london-breed-announces-plan-fund-homelessness-recovery-plan-prioritizing-housing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Homelessness Recovery Plan\u003c/a>, which includes placing 4,500 households in permanent housing with supportive services onsite over the next two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878669\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878669\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/RS50026_004_SanFrancisco_PostHotel_06172021-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shireen McSpadden, director of the San Francisco Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing, visiting a room at the Post Hotel in San Francisco on June 17, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>McSpadden spoke with KQED about her vision and priorities for the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for clarity and length.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What Policy Implementation Might Look Like\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You mentioned the Post Hotel is a good example of what the mayor’s plan on homelessness will look like. Could you talk a little bit about what implementing this policy is going to look like?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We're looking to [do] 4,500 placements in the next two years, which is huge. It’s really a huge commitment on the part of the city. We're able to do it because of Prop. C dollars, because of the mayor's budget and the emphasis she places on homelessness and making sure that people have the right supports. We can move people into housing, but without those supportive pieces of it, sometimes people don't stabilize in housing. And we've seen that with a lot of the populations on the street. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's exciting for various reasons. One of them is there's such an equity piece to homelessness. We know that close to 40% of the people who are homeless are African American. And the city has a history of not doing well by the African American population, a horrible history. It's part of making sure that people who've been displaced in San Francisco actually have a home to go to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a chance for us to think about ways that we serve our residents better across the city. So, we're not only thinking about having supportive housing in this area, we're thinking about how we do this across the city so that there's a geographical equity piece to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To me, it's just really exciting to come into the department at this time when we have an unprecedented amount of resources. We're also building up the department, so that we will really be able to respond to the needs of people, get our contracts out the door quicker and things like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's just a lot happening at once. There's a confluence of federal, state and local resources that are finally coming together in a way that makes sense and that really will help us make a much larger dent in this issue than we've been able to do in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Department Priorities\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There’s a lot that needs to get done. What are your priorities for the department?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a really good framework at this department. We have really good interventions, whether it's problem solving and prevention or it's housing people and all the other things that we do.\u003cbr>\nBut I think we still have a lot of gaps even within those buckets. Trying to tease out what those are and figuring out how do we create a better system for people to enter? Can we make things quicker?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can look at certain populations and see if we can do a better job. Again, equity is a huge thing and it's a huge thing for us to tackle because we have such an inequity in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the big things for this department is that it's new. It was formed in 2016 by bringing together staff from a couple of different departments. It's been under-resourced, and we're in the process now of really building up our capacity and building up our staffing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's important because with all this money, we have to be able to be the engine that gets it out the door, ultimately to get people housed. And we're challenged by that right now because we're in building mode. So doing that as quickly as possible is really important, and that's a high priority for us.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Staffing Up to Distribute Proposition C Funds\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>With all this new money — distributing around $1 billion in Prop. C funds over the next few years, new state and federal money — it’s all coming together. But without the capacity to get the money out the door, then it just sits in the bank. You brought on two new positions to your leadership team: Noelle Simmons, the former deputy director at the [San Francisco] Human Services Agency, and Cynthia Nagendra, the former executive director at the [UCSF] Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative. Can you tell me a little bit about what else is going on with the staffing and how the department is trying to build itself up so it is really positioned to get the money out the door quickly?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Really, it's hiring right now. Our team is working fast and furiously to hire all of these positions that we have. We have new positions in our budget. Right now, I think we have about 130 staff and we've got something like 80 positions that we will be hiring for, which is a ton when you think about the size of the department. And so we're doing that as quickly as we can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>At this point, Emily Cohen, a spokesperson for the department, chimed in to add that the department’s budget is growing by 62%.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Cohen:\u003c/strong> In terms of operationalizing that, tracking it, accountability, ensuring we have due diligence and public process to get it out the door, we want to have the highest level of integrity in everything we do. It turns out that takes capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shireen McSpadden:\u003c/strong> The other thing is we want to be able to communicate our success. We want to be able to show that we're moving the needle. We hear a lot of frustration in the community about what's not being done. We want to be able to show what we are doing and how many people really have been housed. So we're going to be working on that. Certainly we track information, and we have data but we continuously want to improve that process. We also want to think about how we communicate to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Bridging the Equity Gap\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You talked a little bit earlier about gap in equity. I'm just wondering, could you give me an example of some things where there might be gaps, or disconnects, that you're looking to bridge?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are challenged a little bit by our process in being able to reach specific populations. And I'll give one example, and that's because I came from the Department of Disability and Aging. One example is older people. I have known older people who don't rise to the top in terms of priority, but they're clearly 80 and homeless. So that's just one example of how I think we need to tweak our system a little bit to figure out how we can change that. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Maintaining a Sense of Urgency\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>So much happened during the pandemic — the city opened around 2,000 units of new, interim shelter in a very short period of time under the state’s Project Roomkey. And I’ve heard a lot of people talk about how the pandemic created a new sense of urgency to get people experiencing homelessness into housing, quickly. But, homelessness was a humanitarian crisis before the pandemic, and we weren’t seeing that same sense of urgency. How do you maintain that sense of urgency even as the economy reopens and people begin to return to a sense of normalcy?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's an interesting question. I've always thought of it as being urgent. What did happen during the pandemic is people came together better. But to me, it is a very urgent issue for people in this city, for homeless people, but also for people who are housed, who see homelessness and don't like it for various reasons, either for humanitarian reasons or because they see it as scary or dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think there's a high level of urgency. I do think that COVID taught us a lot about what we can do and what we can fund and how that makes a difference. And so I think to that end, we'll keep the sense of urgency as well.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>About 150 people attended the official launch of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.blwt.org/tour\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Black Liberation Walking Tour\u003c/a> — a new walking tour of West Oakland’s Hoover Durant neighborhood — on Juneteenth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The all-day event included singing, dancing, drums and West African music, in addition to food vendors and speeches. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Gene Anderson, lifelong Oakland resident\"]‘A lot of Black history has been erased and forgotten. … This is one way to help resurface that history, but also a way for the neighborhood to claim itself: This is who we are.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The self-guided tour was made out of a “burning desire to share the stories of so much that has happened in this neighborhood to others that live here now, [and] that will live here in the future,” said creator David Peters, a third-generation West Oaklander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peters said he wants to celebrate the neighborhood’s vibrant but sometimes forgotten history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are nine locations on the tour, which takes about an hour, but since it’s self-guided via mobile phone, individuals can go faster or slower as needed. Those taking the tour can \u003ca href=\"https://www.blwt.org/tour\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scan a QR code on a smartphone to follow along\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878714\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878714\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6.jpg 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Peters speaks about the Black Liberation Walking Tour during a launch party and Juneteenth Celebration at SPARC-it-Place in Oakland on June 19, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Each location has a different story to tell, Peters said, noting that with gentrification, displacement and families moving out “these stories become lost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the locations on the tour include St. Augustine’s Church, Flint’s Barbecue and the home of columnist \u003ca href=\"https://library.csun.edu/SCA/Peek-in-the-Stacks/delilah-beasley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Delilah Beasley\u003c/a>, who was a columnist for the Oakland Tribune in 1923.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peters said he felt it was important to bring the stories together “in order to build community cohesion, to build community power.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tour is grounded in the idea that if people who live in the area know more about where they live, they may be more respectful of its history and perhaps not so eager to “tear things down,” Peters said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of Black history has been erased and forgotten,” said Gene Anderson, a lifelong resident of Oakland who helped conduct historical research for the walking tour. “This is one way to help resurface that history, but also a way for the neighborhood to claim itself: This is who we are.” [aside tag=\"juneteenth\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Husband and wife pair Susan Bodnar-Deren, a professor of sociology, and Dingani Mthethwa, a professor of history, both at Virginia Commonwealth University, attended the event and went on the self-guided walking tour. Learning about West Oakland’s history, both said they saw similarities to the struggles of Black people in Richmond, Virginia, and in South Africa, where Mthethwa is originally from. “Hearing this story brings in all those memories and parallels,” Mthethwa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is so nice to see Oakland as one of those places I’m proud to say I’m from,” said Tamika Nicole, a singer who grew up in Oakland and sang “\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/black-culture/explore/black-authors-spoken-word-poetry/lift-every-voice-and-sing/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lift Every Voice and Sing\u003c/a>” (also known as the Black National Anthem) at the event. She said she felt blessed to have had the opportunity to learn Black history and ethnic studies. “We have the opportunity to be around lots of other people and celebrate all of our contributions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the joy of celebrating Juneteenth, Nicole said there’s also much more to be done: “We did ask for us to stop being killed, but we got a holiday. So here we are.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The self-guided tour was made out of a “burning desire to share the stories of so much that has happened in this neighborhood to others that live here now, [and] that will live here in the future,” said creator David Peters, a third-generation West Oaklander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peters said he wants to celebrate the neighborhood’s vibrant but sometimes forgotten history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are nine locations on the tour, which takes about an hour, but since it’s self-guided via mobile phone, individuals can go faster or slower as needed. Those taking the tour can \u003ca href=\"https://www.blwt.org/tour\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">scan a QR code on a smartphone to follow along\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878714\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878714\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-6.jpg 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Peters speaks about the Black Liberation Walking Tour during a launch party and Juneteenth Celebration at SPARC-it-Place in Oakland on June 19, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Each location has a different story to tell, Peters said, noting that with gentrification, displacement and families moving out “these stories become lost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the locations on the tour include St. Augustine’s Church, Flint’s Barbecue and the home of columnist \u003ca href=\"https://library.csun.edu/SCA/Peek-in-the-Stacks/delilah-beasley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Delilah Beasley\u003c/a>, who was a columnist for the Oakland Tribune in 1923.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peters said he felt it was important to bring the stories together “in order to build community cohesion, to build community power.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tour is grounded in the idea that if people who live in the area know more about where they live, they may be more respectful of its history and perhaps not so eager to “tear things down,” Peters said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of Black history has been erased and forgotten,” said Gene Anderson, a lifelong resident of Oakland who helped conduct historical research for the walking tour. “This is one way to help resurface that history, but also a way for the neighborhood to claim itself: This is who we are.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Husband and wife pair Susan Bodnar-Deren, a professor of sociology, and Dingani Mthethwa, a professor of history, both at Virginia Commonwealth University, attended the event and went on the self-guided walking tour. Learning about West Oakland’s history, both said they saw similarities to the struggles of Black people in Richmond, Virginia, and in South Africa, where Mthethwa is originally from. “Hearing this story brings in all those memories and parallels,” Mthethwa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is so nice to see Oakland as one of those places I’m proud to say I’m from,” said Tamika Nicole, a singer who grew up in Oakland and sang “\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/black-culture/explore/black-authors-spoken-word-poetry/lift-every-voice-and-sing/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lift Every Voice and Sing\u003c/a>” (also known as the Black National Anthem) at the event. She said she felt blessed to have had the opportunity to learn Black history and ethnic studies. “We have the opportunity to be around lots of other people and celebrate all of our contributions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the joy of celebrating Juneteenth, Nicole said there’s also much more to be done: “We did ask for us to stop being killed, but we got a holiday. So here we are.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In celebration of Juneteenth this year, \u003ca href=\"https://westoaklandmuralproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The West Oakland Mural Project\u003c/a> opened a small museum to highlight Black Panther Party history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to stay here for as long as I am able to sustain it,” said Jilchristina Vest, the visionary and owner of the house and museum, on what she’s calling a “mini museum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Kate Wolffe spoke with Vest about what she hopes to share with the community, the significance of the location and what it means to open this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878702\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2.jpg 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abené (left) and Julian Rucker look at displays in the Black Panther Mini Museum in Oakland on June 19, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What can people find inside the mini museum?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jilchristina Vest:\u003c/strong> The mini museum is a combination of several 8-foot banners that have a lot of beautiful photographs and a lot of really amazing information on them. There’s a lot of news articles — and information to take away, things you’ve never seen. A lot of it has been educational material that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858928/west-oakland-mural-honors-women-of-black-panther-party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ericka Huggins\u003c/a> has used in classrooms, as well as museum exhibits and pop ups.\u003cbr>\n[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jilchristina Vest\"]‘Oakland should be nothing but unabashedly proud that they are the birthplace of, in my opinion, the most dynamic group of humanitarians that ever gathered in one place at any point in history.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The items in the museum belong to Lisbet Tellefsen, who has curated other exhibits. These items have never been displayed all at the same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You really get to dive deep and learn about the Panthers taking elders to the grocery store, and making sure that people had their sugar checked and their blood pressure checked. It’s very in-depth and it’s very concentrated on 60 survival programs — giving people what they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I have experienced so far, of people leaving the museum, is people walk away lighter and happier, joyful, taller and feeling proud and grateful to have this information in their brain. [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Can you describe the history of this street and the legacy of the Black Panther Party here?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I bought my house in 2000 and I purchased a house here in West Oakland because of the Black Panther legacy, and how it’s attached to West Oakland. About five years after I moved in, I realized that the house is across the street from where Huey P. Newton was killed in 1989. I did not know that when I bought the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It just became even more profound because of the Black Panther Party. Most recently, on Feb. 17, on Huey P. Newton’s birthday, they renamed Ninth Street Dr. Huey P. Newton Way. Coming up in October, they’re going to be installing a bust from the Huey P. Newton Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the mural is sitting on Huey P. Newton Way, which wasn’t the case when the mural was born last summer — everything really seems to be falling in place beautifully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I think is so important is there’s a large group of people that know a fuller story of who the Black Panther Party was. A majority of Americans have been fed misinformation and a very biased and negative story of who the Black Panther Party was. It’s very, very important to me to teach and educate people who they really were and this museum and the mural makes it very obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Can you talk a bit about preserving the legacy of the Black Panther Party?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I think that there’s a movement right now, specifically in Oakland, and I hope that I am a part of that spark. I definitely want to be a part of the movement to ask Oakland to stand up and start behaving as if they are proud of this legacy. [aside postID=news_11873838,news_11858928]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland should be nothing but unabashedly proud that they are the birthplace of, in my opinion, the most dynamic group of humanitarians that ever gathered in one place at any point in history. Oakland gave birth to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of Black Panthers still in the Bay Area that want to participate in that. Nobody’s trying to hide any part of the history — we’re trying to complete the story. This movement, this mural, this museum, my mission is to try to complete the story, give all the information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This, along with all kinds of history that has been labeled Black history or ethnic history, and therefore [some say] we don’t have to teach it. This is American history. American citizens were helped by the Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In celebration of Juneteenth this year, \u003ca href=\"https://westoaklandmuralproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The West Oakland Mural Project\u003c/a> opened a small museum to highlight Black Panther Party history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to stay here for as long as I am able to sustain it,” said Jilchristina Vest, the visionary and owner of the house and museum, on what she’s calling a “mini museum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Kate Wolffe spoke with Vest about what she hopes to share with the community, the significance of the location and what it means to open this weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878702\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Image-from-iOS-2.jpg 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abené (left) and Julian Rucker look at displays in the Black Panther Mini Museum in Oakland on June 19, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>What can people find inside the mini museum?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jilchristina Vest:\u003c/strong> The mini museum is a combination of several 8-foot banners that have a lot of beautiful photographs and a lot of really amazing information on them. There’s a lot of news articles — and information to take away, things you’ve never seen. A lot of it has been educational material that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11858928/west-oakland-mural-honors-women-of-black-panther-party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ericka Huggins\u003c/a> has used in classrooms, as well as museum exhibits and pop ups.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The items in the museum belong to Lisbet Tellefsen, who has curated other exhibits. These items have never been displayed all at the same time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You really get to dive deep and learn about the Panthers taking elders to the grocery store, and making sure that people had their sugar checked and their blood pressure checked. It’s very in-depth and it’s very concentrated on 60 survival programs — giving people what they need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I have experienced so far, of people leaving the museum, is people walk away lighter and happier, joyful, taller and feeling proud and grateful to have this information in their brain. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Can you describe the history of this street and the legacy of the Black Panther Party here?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I bought my house in 2000 and I purchased a house here in West Oakland because of the Black Panther legacy, and how it’s attached to West Oakland. About five years after I moved in, I realized that the house is across the street from where Huey P. Newton was killed in 1989. I did not know that when I bought the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It just became even more profound because of the Black Panther Party. Most recently, on Feb. 17, on Huey P. Newton’s birthday, they renamed Ninth Street Dr. Huey P. Newton Way. Coming up in October, they’re going to be installing a bust from the Huey P. Newton Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the mural is sitting on Huey P. Newton Way, which wasn’t the case when the mural was born last summer — everything really seems to be falling in place beautifully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I think is so important is there’s a large group of people that know a fuller story of who the Black Panther Party was. A majority of Americans have been fed misinformation and a very biased and negative story of who the Black Panther Party was. It’s very, very important to me to teach and educate people who they really were and this museum and the mural makes it very obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Can you talk a bit about preserving the legacy of the Black Panther Party?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>I think that there’s a movement right now, specifically in Oakland, and I hope that I am a part of that spark. I definitely want to be a part of the movement to ask Oakland to stand up and start behaving as if they are proud of this legacy. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland should be nothing but unabashedly proud that they are the birthplace of, in my opinion, the most dynamic group of humanitarians that ever gathered in one place at any point in history. Oakland gave birth to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of Black Panthers still in the Bay Area that want to participate in that. Nobody’s trying to hide any part of the history — we’re trying to complete the story. This movement, this mural, this museum, my mission is to try to complete the story, give all the information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This, along with all kinds of history that has been labeled Black history or ethnic history, and therefore [some say] we don’t have to teach it. This is American history. American citizens were helped by the Black Panther Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "San Jose Had 5 Chinatowns. What Happened To Them?",
"headTitle": "San Jose Had 5 Chinatowns. What Happened To Them? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>On the West Coast, you can find Chinatowns from Seattle to San Diego. The Bay Area is home to two of the oldest Chinatowns, in San Francisco and Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose also has a rich history of Chinatowns — there have been \u003cem>five\u003c/em> Chinatowns in its history. So, why doesn’t San Jose have a Chinatown today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story starts in the 1850s, when the Gold Rush drew thousands of people to California, including Chinese immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many of those Chinese immigrants who came were working class,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.scu.edu/cas/ethnic-studies/faculty--staff/james-s-lai/\">James Lai\u003c/a>, a professor of ethnic studies at Santa Clara University. “They came for the same reason why they still come this very day: for economic opportunity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they arrived in California, the immigrants realized it was far from the dream of “Gold Mountain.” Some attempted mining for gold, but many others found work building the transcontinental railroad. Companies would pay for room, board and transportation, but the contracts for these jobs were short-term. When they ended, many of those men were left to fend for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They had to continue on,” Lai said. “They had to find work in different ways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some went to San Francisco and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://immigrationtounitedstates.org/426-chinese-laundries.html&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500851000&usg=AOvVaw1TmGNgd_eDe4NC3K-7Ep0B\">opened laundromats\u003c/a> and other businesses, while others built levees throughout the\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25154414?seq%3D1&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500851000&usg=AOvVaw2ewXH_hfMFQjboyWdEBfmJ\"> Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DQ3LT1Exiv2YC%26pg%3DPP43%26lpg%3DPP43%26dq%3DChinese%2Bimmigrants%2Bpicking%2Borchards%2Bsanta%2Bclara%2Bvalley%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DmE1gJBaRRG%26sig%3DACfU3U3QhADwH3bvD5wIkKIatKHM6ueACw%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwjmxpHNm6LwAhXMJDQIHWHzD50Q6AEwCXoECA0QAw%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DChinese%2520immigrants%2520picking%2520orchards%2520santa%2520clara%2520valley%26f%3Dfalse&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500853000&usg=AOvVaw3GAPGVWoz63O4kmfFhF4lF\"> picked orchards in the Santa Clara Valley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Chinese immigrants first arrived, they expected to do hard labor, make their earnings and return home to their families. A lot of Chinese men came over, leaving women and children behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ratio was roughly 26-to-1 Chinese American men to women, at this point,” Lai said. “They never achieved the wealth that they hoped they would achieve to be able to return back to their village and retire or help their families. So they stayed and they endured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The First Chinatowns in San Jose\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Alien_land_laws/\">Racist policies\u003c/a> kept Chinese immigrants from owning property and white people didn’t want them in their neighborhoods. So, they built their own communities. In San Jose, it began with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Chinese_in_San_Jose_and_the_Santa_Clara/Q1iXsBTZTPYC?hl%3Den%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3Dfirst%2Bmarket%2Bstreet%2Bchinatown%2Bsan%2Bjose%26pg%3DPA10%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500849000&usg=AOvVaw2cs3gxlaMLOeoNemjY7cB9\">First Market Street Chinatown\u003c/a>, which was built in 1866, but burned down a few years later in 1870. The community rebuilt a few blocks away and became known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Chinese_in_San_Jose_and_the_Santa_Clara/Q1iXsBTZTPYC?hl%3Den%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3Dfirst%2Bmarket%2Bstreet%2Bchinatown%2Bsan%2Bjose%26pg%3DPA10%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500850000&usg=AOvVaw08mjb_Uf57Oo197CxGFX73\">Vine Street Chinatown. \u003c/a>It too burned down in 1872.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878185\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"The First Market Street Chinatown in San Jose was built in 1866. In this photo, the towers of McKenzie Iron Foundry, the San Jose Brewery and San Jose waterworks is visible in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82-800x524.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The First Market Street Chinatown in San Jose was built in 1866. In this photo, the towers of McKenzie Iron Foundry, the San Jose Brewery and San Jose waterworks are visible in the background. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of History San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From the moment Chinese immigrants started coming to America, they faced racism and violence. White residents wanted to send a message that they weren’t welcome and used arson to terrorize and destroy Chinese communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Chinese immigrants kept rebuilding. Lai explains there wasn’t another option. “It was just simply to continue to try to plant your roots and the only way you could do it was through these kinds of Chinatowns,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the community was growing fast. In 1872, the Second Market Street Chinatown was built in downtown San Jose, where the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/Bay-Area-San-Jose-Chinatown-history-arson-16194117.php\">Fairmont Hotel is located today\u003c/a>. More than 1,400 people lived there, a far bigger population than the previous Chinatowns. There were shops, three restaurants, a theater and a temple. The people who lived in this Chinatown worked in factories, which manufactured cigars, shoes, clothing and furniture.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Second Market Street Chinatown\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://hiddenhistoriesjtown.org/personnel/connie-young-yu/\">Connie Young Yu\u003c/a> is a local South Bay historian whose ancestry traces back to this Chinatown. Her grandfather’s uncle was already living in San Jose and would travel back to China and tell family about the wonders of America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878186\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670-800x604.jpg\" alt=\"A rooftop view of San Jose's Second Market Street Chinatown. This Chinatown was much larger than any other Chinatown which came before it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670-800x604.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670-1020x770.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A rooftop view of San Jose’s Second Market Street Chinatown. This Chinatown was much larger than any other Chinatown which came before it. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of History San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“[My grandfather’s] uncle was telling him about this beautiful area where you can work hard and there were good wages in Gum San,” Yu said. “America was called Gum San: Gold Mountain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yu’s grandfather, Young Soong Quong, arrived in 1881 to the Second Market Street Chinatown when he was 11 years old. He stocked shelves and cleaned floors in his uncle’s shop, where many laborers came to eat, play cards and send money back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, a white family hired him as a houseboy, a job which required him to leave Chinatown. It was there where he experienced racial violence for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When he would go back to the Market Street Chinatown, he’d have to run really fast because white kids would be throwing rocks at him,” Yu said. “This was a vivid memory he passed down to us kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Anti-Chinese Movement in San Jose\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.stanford.edu/people/barbara-voss\">Barbara Voss\u003c/a>, a historical archeologist at Stanford, is not surprised Young faced racial violence in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The anti-Chinese movement had been building throughout the western United States for about 20 years at this point,” Voss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1880s, an angry mob burned San Jose’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2013/10/15/san-jose-pastor-helps-first-united-methodist-rise-from-the-ashes/\">First Methodist Episcopal Church\u003c/a> down when they learned the church did missionary work for Chinese immigrants and held a Sunday school service for Chinese children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California had already enacted legislation that targeted Chinese immigrants, including the \u003ca href=\"https://shec.ashp.cuny.edu/items/show/1714#:~:text=In%201850%2C%20the%20California%20legislature,not%20forced%20to%20pay%20it.\">Foreign Miner’s License of 1848\u003c/a> which required miners who were not citizens to pay $20 a month for the right to mine in California. Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"https://immigrationhistory.org/item/page-act/\">Page Act of 1875\u003c/a>, which prohibited women, particularly Chinese women from immigrating to the country for “immoral purposes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1882, Congress passed the nation’s most restrictive immigration bill: \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/chinese-exclusion-act-1882\">The Chinese Exclusion Act\u003c/a>. It prohibited all Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States and prevented those that were here from becoming citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These anti-Chinese laws passed at the federal and state level set the stage for San Jose to host the first statewide \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a%3Dd%26d%3DDAC18860205.2.86%26e%3D-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500843000&usg=AOvVaw0ji7eOUGpKp43IKpKoAD8d\">Anti-Chinese Convention in 1886\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were motivational speakers who were arguing racist slogans; arguing that the Chinese must go; making arguments about why white people are superior to Chinese people; making arguments about what they perceived to be the negative impact of Chinese immigrants and Chinese Americans on the economy of San Jose,” Voss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voss finds it eerie how similar some of the arguments made back then are to the anti-immigration arguments of today. The rally was well attended and was held just a few blocks away from the Second Market Street Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Anti-Chinese movement in San Jose was as much about local boosterism as it was about racism,” Voss explained. “The leaders of this movement found that they could not promote San Jose as a place for business development and settlement if the Chinatown remained in downtown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“Chinatown Must Go”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A year after the convention, the San Jose Mercury News featured \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a%3Dd%26d%3DSJMN18861207.2.22%26srpos%3D53%26e%3D-------en--20-SJMN-41--txt-txIN-chinatown%252c%2BCharles%2BBreyfogle-------1&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500844000&usg=AOvVaw3pVhMLKpkDQd7Gm6lhZCS3\">front page testimony\u003c/a> from city leaders including the fire and police chiefs, the street commissioner and the mayor with one message: Chinatown must go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was of their opinion that the general condition of the locality in a sanitary point of view could not be worse and in an aesthetic or moral sense, it was revolting,” the testimony read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Charles Breyfogle and the City Council voted unanimously to get rid of the Second Market Street Chinatown. But before any official action was taken, the Chinatown was burned down. That made it the third Chinatown in San Jose to succumb to arson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878183\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683-800x591.jpg\" alt=\"The Second Market Street Chinatown burned down in an arson fire in 1887. There were no recorded casualties, but the entire Chinese community in San Jose was displaced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"591\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683-800x591.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683-1020x754.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Second Market Street Chinatown burned down in an arson fire in 1887. There were no recorded casualties, but the entire Chinese community in San Jose was displaced. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of History San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There were no recorded casualties, but homes and businesses were destroyed and the community was displaced again. There was another small Chinatown in San Jose called the Woolen Mills Chinatown around the same time. The property was owned by the San Jose Woolen Manufacturing Company and provided to workers as a living accommodation. But that Chinatown was too small to accommodate the much larger population of the Second Market Street Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the fire, Chinese residents had already started moving out of San Jose. After the fire, even more left. “There are anecdotal accounts from descendants that people started considering whether or not to move back to China,” Voss said. “Some folks moved to more rural areas where they were out of the public eye.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connie Young Yu’s grandfather was among the immigrants who left for San Francisco. He didn’t return for a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Rise of Heinlenville\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The community would rebuild with the help of another immigrant named John Heinlen. He moved with his wife and children from Ohio to farm in California. Yu said \u003ca href=\"https://web.stanford.edu/group/marketstreet/cgi-bin/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/SJ_Chinatown_Heritagefair.pdf\">Heinlen’s family faced anti-German discrimination in the Midwest\u003c/a> and when he came to California, he saw Chinese immigrants facing discrimination and sympathized with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was a friend to the Chinese,” she said. “He had hired Chinese before [and] leased land to the Chinese in his other holdings in Fresno.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months after the fire, news broke that Heinlen had leased some of his land to Chinese residents who lost their homes and land. He was going to build a new Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was such an uproar among the citizens,” Yu said. “They said ‘Down with John Heinlen, he’s a traitor to his people\u003cstrong>.'”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite death threats, Heinlen finished construction of the new Chinatown in 1887, just months after the fire that destroyed the last Chinatown. Angry locals called the new Chinatown “Heinlenville,” and the name stuck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They couldn’t drive out Chinatown,” Yu said. “Chinatown was there to stay and John Heinlen, to protect the Chinese, he built an eight-foot-high fence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878188\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878188\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4-800x507.jpg\" alt='A flag bearing the Chinese words \"Ng Shing Gung\" Temple of Five Gods, leads a procession outside the gates of Heinlenville. Residents of the Chinatown celebrated festivals with firecrackers and sparklers.' width=\"800\" height=\"507\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4-800x507.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flag bearing the Chinese words “Ng Shing Gung” Temple of Five Gods, leads a procession outside the gates of Heinlenville. Residents of the Chinatown celebrated festivals with firecrackers and sparklers. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of History of San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The fence had a gate which was locked every night, while foot patrols provided security. Eventually, Young Soong Quong, Connie Young Yu’s grandfather, became a partner at one of the shops in Heinlenville and was able to settle in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Heinlen gave him a chance for a new life in San Jose. He was a merchant and he was able to send for his wife in China,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They had been separated for 14 years. Yu’s grandmother arrived in California in 1910 and they had their first son, Ming Young. Two years later, Yu’s father, John, was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heinlenville became a thriving community with 2,000 residents. Newspaper accounts said the\u003ca href=\"https://content.scu.edu/digital/collection/svhocdm/id/293/\"> Ng Shing Gung Temple\u003c/a>, a two story structure, was the center of the community. The upper floor housed an intricately carved and gilded altar with five deities. The lower floor was used as a town hall and as a Chinese school for the children who grew up in Heinlenville.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>San Jose’s Last Chinatown\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Heinlenville was San Jose’s longest established Chinatown,\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DQ1iXsBTZTPYC%26pg%3DPA10%26lpg%3DPA10%26dq%3Dheinlenville%2Bsan%2Bjose%2Blongest%2Bestablished%2Bchinatown%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DIsm4WsmPWC%26sig%3DACfU3U15sWrVzpU4f4fX92YJ76wXULY88A%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwi5ipuBt6LwAhW2CTQIHUuiAjwQ6AEwDHoECBIQAw%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dheinlenville%2520san%2520jose%2520longest%2520established%2520chinatown%26f%3Dfalse&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500848000&usg=AOvVaw3K2QL4it8fVfFJBq6zxuf1\"> lasting for 44 years\u003c/a>, until 1931.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the Chinese Exclusion Act was in place for many years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=http://chcp.org/heinlenville-chinatown/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500855000&usg=AOvVaw2g2_VaK7gzwnF7-g8QP3N3\">immigration from China slowly dwindled\u003c/a>. And many men weren’t as fortunate as Young Soong Quong, who could bring his wife to join him in America. Their families were still in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The workers were getting kind of old and there were no new laborers coming in to work in the fields,” Yu said. Soon, there weren’t enough people left in Chinatown \u003ca href=\"https://chcp.org/Heinlenville-Chinatown/\">to keep it alive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Great Depression took a toll on the Heinlen estate, which owned the land the Chinatown stood on. In 1931, the estate went bankrupt and Heinlenville became city property. All the buildings were eventually demolished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connie Young Yu has been working with the city to build a park where the last Chinatown once stood, not far from San Jose’s Japantown. The park will commemorate John Heinlen’s contributions to the city and highlight the history of San Jose’s Chinese community. It will be called Heinlenville Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "San Jose has been home to five Chinatowns throughout its history, so why doesn't it have a Chinatown today? The answer lies in the city's dark and racist past. ",
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"description": "San Jose has been home to five Chinatowns throughout its history, so why doesn't it have a Chinatown today? The answer lies in the city's dark and racist past. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On the West Coast, you can find Chinatowns from Seattle to San Diego. The Bay Area is home to two of the oldest Chinatowns, in San Francisco and Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose also has a rich history of Chinatowns — there have been \u003cem>five\u003c/em> Chinatowns in its history. So, why doesn’t San Jose have a Chinatown today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story starts in the 1850s, when the Gold Rush drew thousands of people to California, including Chinese immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many of those Chinese immigrants who came were working class,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.scu.edu/cas/ethnic-studies/faculty--staff/james-s-lai/\">James Lai\u003c/a>, a professor of ethnic studies at Santa Clara University. “They came for the same reason why they still come this very day: for economic opportunity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they arrived in California, the immigrants realized it was far from the dream of “Gold Mountain.” Some attempted mining for gold, but many others found work building the transcontinental railroad. Companies would pay for room, board and transportation, but the contracts for these jobs were short-term. When they ended, many of those men were left to fend for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They had to continue on,” Lai said. “They had to find work in different ways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some went to San Francisco and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://immigrationtounitedstates.org/426-chinese-laundries.html&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500851000&usg=AOvVaw1TmGNgd_eDe4NC3K-7Ep0B\">opened laundromats\u003c/a> and other businesses, while others built levees throughout the\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25154414?seq%3D1&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500851000&usg=AOvVaw2ewXH_hfMFQjboyWdEBfmJ\"> Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DQ3LT1Exiv2YC%26pg%3DPP43%26lpg%3DPP43%26dq%3DChinese%2Bimmigrants%2Bpicking%2Borchards%2Bsanta%2Bclara%2Bvalley%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DmE1gJBaRRG%26sig%3DACfU3U3QhADwH3bvD5wIkKIatKHM6ueACw%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwjmxpHNm6LwAhXMJDQIHWHzD50Q6AEwCXoECA0QAw%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DChinese%2520immigrants%2520picking%2520orchards%2520santa%2520clara%2520valley%26f%3Dfalse&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500853000&usg=AOvVaw3GAPGVWoz63O4kmfFhF4lF\"> picked orchards in the Santa Clara Valley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Chinese immigrants first arrived, they expected to do hard labor, make their earnings and return home to their families. A lot of Chinese men came over, leaving women and children behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ratio was roughly 26-to-1 Chinese American men to women, at this point,” Lai said. “They never achieved the wealth that they hoped they would achieve to be able to return back to their village and retire or help their families. So they stayed and they endured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The First Chinatowns in San Jose\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Alien_land_laws/\">Racist policies\u003c/a> kept Chinese immigrants from owning property and white people didn’t want them in their neighborhoods. So, they built their own communities. In San Jose, it began with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Chinese_in_San_Jose_and_the_Santa_Clara/Q1iXsBTZTPYC?hl%3Den%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3Dfirst%2Bmarket%2Bstreet%2Bchinatown%2Bsan%2Bjose%26pg%3DPA10%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500849000&usg=AOvVaw2cs3gxlaMLOeoNemjY7cB9\">First Market Street Chinatown\u003c/a>, which was built in 1866, but burned down a few years later in 1870. The community rebuilt a few blocks away and became known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Chinese_in_San_Jose_and_the_Santa_Clara/Q1iXsBTZTPYC?hl%3Den%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3Dfirst%2Bmarket%2Bstreet%2Bchinatown%2Bsan%2Bjose%26pg%3DPA10%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500850000&usg=AOvVaw08mjb_Uf57Oo197CxGFX73\">Vine Street Chinatown. \u003c/a>It too burned down in 1872.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878185\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"The First Market Street Chinatown in San Jose was built in 1866. In this photo, the towers of McKenzie Iron Foundry, the San Jose Brewery and San Jose waterworks is visible in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82-800x524.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-82.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The First Market Street Chinatown in San Jose was built in 1866. In this photo, the towers of McKenzie Iron Foundry, the San Jose Brewery and San Jose waterworks are visible in the background. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of History San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From the moment Chinese immigrants started coming to America, they faced racism and violence. White residents wanted to send a message that they weren’t welcome and used arson to terrorize and destroy Chinese communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Chinese immigrants kept rebuilding. Lai explains there wasn’t another option. “It was just simply to continue to try to plant your roots and the only way you could do it was through these kinds of Chinatowns,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the community was growing fast. In 1872, the Second Market Street Chinatown was built in downtown San Jose, where the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/Bay-Area-San-Jose-Chinatown-history-arson-16194117.php\">Fairmont Hotel is located today\u003c/a>. More than 1,400 people lived there, a far bigger population than the previous Chinatowns. There were shops, three restaurants, a theater and a temple. The people who lived in this Chinatown worked in factories, which manufactured cigars, shoes, clothing and furniture.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Second Market Street Chinatown\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://hiddenhistoriesjtown.org/personnel/connie-young-yu/\">Connie Young Yu\u003c/a> is a local South Bay historian whose ancestry traces back to this Chinatown. Her grandfather’s uncle was already living in San Jose and would travel back to China and tell family about the wonders of America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878186\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670-800x604.jpg\" alt=\"A rooftop view of San Jose's Second Market Street Chinatown. This Chinatown was much larger than any other Chinatown which came before it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670-800x604.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670-1020x770.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-670.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A rooftop view of San Jose’s Second Market Street Chinatown. This Chinatown was much larger than any other Chinatown which came before it. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of History San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“[My grandfather’s] uncle was telling him about this beautiful area where you can work hard and there were good wages in Gum San,” Yu said. “America was called Gum San: Gold Mountain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yu’s grandfather, Young Soong Quong, arrived in 1881 to the Second Market Street Chinatown when he was 11 years old. He stocked shelves and cleaned floors in his uncle’s shop, where many laborers came to eat, play cards and send money back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, a white family hired him as a houseboy, a job which required him to leave Chinatown. It was there where he experienced racial violence for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When he would go back to the Market Street Chinatown, he’d have to run really fast because white kids would be throwing rocks at him,” Yu said. “This was a vivid memory he passed down to us kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Anti-Chinese Movement in San Jose\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.stanford.edu/people/barbara-voss\">Barbara Voss\u003c/a>, a historical archeologist at Stanford, is not surprised Young faced racial violence in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The anti-Chinese movement had been building throughout the western United States for about 20 years at this point,” Voss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1880s, an angry mob burned San Jose’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2013/10/15/san-jose-pastor-helps-first-united-methodist-rise-from-the-ashes/\">First Methodist Episcopal Church\u003c/a> down when they learned the church did missionary work for Chinese immigrants and held a Sunday school service for Chinese children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California had already enacted legislation that targeted Chinese immigrants, including the \u003ca href=\"https://shec.ashp.cuny.edu/items/show/1714#:~:text=In%201850%2C%20the%20California%20legislature,not%20forced%20to%20pay%20it.\">Foreign Miner’s License of 1848\u003c/a> which required miners who were not citizens to pay $20 a month for the right to mine in California. Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"https://immigrationhistory.org/item/page-act/\">Page Act of 1875\u003c/a>, which prohibited women, particularly Chinese women from immigrating to the country for “immoral purposes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1882, Congress passed the nation’s most restrictive immigration bill: \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/chinese-exclusion-act-1882\">The Chinese Exclusion Act\u003c/a>. It prohibited all Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States and prevented those that were here from becoming citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These anti-Chinese laws passed at the federal and state level set the stage for San Jose to host the first statewide \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a%3Dd%26d%3DDAC18860205.2.86%26e%3D-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500843000&usg=AOvVaw0ji7eOUGpKp43IKpKoAD8d\">Anti-Chinese Convention in 1886\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were motivational speakers who were arguing racist slogans; arguing that the Chinese must go; making arguments about why white people are superior to Chinese people; making arguments about what they perceived to be the negative impact of Chinese immigrants and Chinese Americans on the economy of San Jose,” Voss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voss finds it eerie how similar some of the arguments made back then are to the anti-immigration arguments of today. The rally was well attended and was held just a few blocks away from the Second Market Street Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Anti-Chinese movement in San Jose was as much about local boosterism as it was about racism,” Voss explained. “The leaders of this movement found that they could not promote San Jose as a place for business development and settlement if the Chinatown remained in downtown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“Chinatown Must Go”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A year after the convention, the San Jose Mercury News featured \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a%3Dd%26d%3DSJMN18861207.2.22%26srpos%3D53%26e%3D-------en--20-SJMN-41--txt-txIN-chinatown%252c%2BCharles%2BBreyfogle-------1&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500844000&usg=AOvVaw3pVhMLKpkDQd7Gm6lhZCS3\">front page testimony\u003c/a> from city leaders including the fire and police chiefs, the street commissioner and the mayor with one message: Chinatown must go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was of their opinion that the general condition of the locality in a sanitary point of view could not be worse and in an aesthetic or moral sense, it was revolting,” the testimony read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Charles Breyfogle and the City Council voted unanimously to get rid of the Second Market Street Chinatown. But before any official action was taken, the Chinatown was burned down. That made it the third Chinatown in San Jose to succumb to arson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878183\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683-800x591.jpg\" alt=\"The Second Market Street Chinatown burned down in an arson fire in 1887. There were no recorded casualties, but the entire Chinese community in San Jose was displaced.\" width=\"800\" height=\"591\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683-800x591.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683-1020x754.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/1997-300-1683.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Second Market Street Chinatown burned down in an arson fire in 1887. There were no recorded casualties, but the entire Chinese community in San Jose was displaced. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of History San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There were no recorded casualties, but homes and businesses were destroyed and the community was displaced again. There was another small Chinatown in San Jose called the Woolen Mills Chinatown around the same time. The property was owned by the San Jose Woolen Manufacturing Company and provided to workers as a living accommodation. But that Chinatown was too small to accommodate the much larger population of the Second Market Street Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the fire, Chinese residents had already started moving out of San Jose. After the fire, even more left. “There are anecdotal accounts from descendants that people started considering whether or not to move back to China,” Voss said. “Some folks moved to more rural areas where they were out of the public eye.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connie Young Yu’s grandfather was among the immigrants who left for San Francisco. He didn’t return for a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Rise of Heinlenville\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The community would rebuild with the help of another immigrant named John Heinlen. He moved with his wife and children from Ohio to farm in California. Yu said \u003ca href=\"https://web.stanford.edu/group/marketstreet/cgi-bin/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/SJ_Chinatown_Heritagefair.pdf\">Heinlen’s family faced anti-German discrimination in the Midwest\u003c/a> and when he came to California, he saw Chinese immigrants facing discrimination and sympathized with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was a friend to the Chinese,” she said. “He had hired Chinese before [and] leased land to the Chinese in his other holdings in Fresno.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months after the fire, news broke that Heinlen had leased some of his land to Chinese residents who lost their homes and land. He was going to build a new Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was such an uproar among the citizens,” Yu said. “They said ‘Down with John Heinlen, he’s a traitor to his people\u003cstrong>.'”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite death threats, Heinlen finished construction of the new Chinatown in 1887, just months after the fire that destroyed the last Chinatown. Angry locals called the new Chinatown “Heinlenville,” and the name stuck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They couldn’t drive out Chinatown,” Yu said. “Chinatown was there to stay and John Heinlen, to protect the Chinese, he built an eight-foot-high fence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11878188\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11878188\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4-800x507.jpg\" alt='A flag bearing the Chinese words \"Ng Shing Gung\" Temple of Five Gods, leads a procession outside the gates of Heinlenville. Residents of the Chinatown celebrated festivals with firecrackers and sparklers.' width=\"800\" height=\"507\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4-800x507.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4-160x101.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/2005-32-4.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flag bearing the Chinese words “Ng Shing Gung” Temple of Five Gods, leads a procession outside the gates of Heinlenville. Residents of the Chinatown celebrated festivals with firecrackers and sparklers. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of History of San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The fence had a gate which was locked every night, while foot patrols provided security. Eventually, Young Soong Quong, Connie Young Yu’s grandfather, became a partner at one of the shops in Heinlenville and was able to settle in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Heinlen gave him a chance for a new life in San Jose. He was a merchant and he was able to send for his wife in China,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They had been separated for 14 years. Yu’s grandmother arrived in California in 1910 and they had their first son, Ming Young. Two years later, Yu’s father, John, was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heinlenville became a thriving community with 2,000 residents. Newspaper accounts said the\u003ca href=\"https://content.scu.edu/digital/collection/svhocdm/id/293/\"> Ng Shing Gung Temple\u003c/a>, a two story structure, was the center of the community. The upper floor housed an intricately carved and gilded altar with five deities. The lower floor was used as a town hall and as a Chinese school for the children who grew up in Heinlenville.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>San Jose’s Last Chinatown\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Heinlenville was San Jose’s longest established Chinatown,\u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DQ1iXsBTZTPYC%26pg%3DPA10%26lpg%3DPA10%26dq%3Dheinlenville%2Bsan%2Bjose%2Blongest%2Bestablished%2Bchinatown%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DIsm4WsmPWC%26sig%3DACfU3U15sWrVzpU4f4fX92YJ76wXULY88A%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwi5ipuBt6LwAhW2CTQIHUuiAjwQ6AEwDHoECBIQAw%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dheinlenville%2520san%2520jose%2520longest%2520established%2520chinatown%26f%3Dfalse&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500848000&usg=AOvVaw3K2QL4it8fVfFJBq6zxuf1\"> lasting for 44 years\u003c/a>, until 1931.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the Chinese Exclusion Act was in place for many years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=http://chcp.org/heinlenville-chinatown/&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1623801500855000&usg=AOvVaw2g2_VaK7gzwnF7-g8QP3N3\">immigration from China slowly dwindled\u003c/a>. And many men weren’t as fortunate as Young Soong Quong, who could bring his wife to join him in America. Their families were still in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The workers were getting kind of old and there were no new laborers coming in to work in the fields,” Yu said. Soon, there weren’t enough people left in Chinatown \u003ca href=\"https://chcp.org/Heinlenville-Chinatown/\">to keep it alive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Great Depression took a toll on the Heinlen estate, which owned the land the Chinatown stood on. In 1931, the estate went bankrupt and Heinlenville became city property. All the buildings were eventually demolished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connie Young Yu has been working with the city to build a park where the last Chinatown once stood, not far from San Jose’s Japantown. The park will commemorate John Heinlen’s contributions to the city and highlight the history of San Jose’s Chinese community. It will be called Heinlenville Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "The Beautiful Bay Bridge Frank Lloyd Wright Never Got to Build",
"headTitle": "The Beautiful Bay Bridge Frank Lloyd Wright Never Got to Build | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was first published on Jan. 25, 2018. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did you know the great American architect Frank Lloyd Wright wanted to build a bridge across the San Francisco Bay?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious question-asker Duncan Keefe of San Jose did. He studied architecture in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have been brilliant, and I think it would have been very influential — and possibly changed the course of how other bridges subsequent to it would have been designed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Lloyd Wright loved the San Francisco Bay Area. But you wouldn’t know it, because there just aren’t a lot of his buildings around here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seven or eight, depending on how you count them, including the houses,” says \u003ca href=\"https://art.stanford.edu/people/paul-v-turner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paul Turner\u003c/a>, a professor emeritus in architectural history at Stanford. He’s the author of “Frank Lloyd Wright and San Francisco,” a book that’s as much about the projects that \u003ci>didn’t\u003c/i> get built as the ones that did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Frank Lloyd Wright actually designed close to 30 projects for the Bay Area, and they include some of his most unusual and really amazing buildings,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642709\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11642709 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-800x992.jpg\" alt=\"Master architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, looking over his drawing of the Butterfly Bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"992\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-800x992.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-160x198.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-1020x1265.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-1180x1463.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-960x1191.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-240x298.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-375x465.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-520x645.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Master architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, looking over his drawing of the ‘Butterfly Bridge’. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of Gordon Peters/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Why did Wright’s proposals fail to get the go-ahead? A lot of times he was just dreaming too big (read: expensive) for the client. But that didn’t stop him from dreaming big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For example, his first skyscraper was designed for Market Street in San Francisco,” Turner says. “If there were some project that he found interesting, he would do the design and just hope that it would get built.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright never got the commission for a San Francisco skyscraper. Just as he never got a commission to design another Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was talk of a second span \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/thetake/article/Another-Bay-Bridge-70-years-of-absurd-crazy-and-12420536.php?t=8ed45000dc#photo-14668490\">almost as soon as the Bay Bridge was completed\u003c/a> in the 1930s. That’s right: Traffic was that bad, that early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1940s, Wright was competing for projects all across the country. Jaroslav Joseph Polivka, a San Francisco Bay Area engineer and fan of Wright’s, suggested he throw his hat in the ring for the proposed second Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642654\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11642654 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-800x337.jpg\" alt=\"Frank Lloyd Wright's proposed "Butterfly Bridge." It would have stretched between San Francisco and Oakland, somewhere south of the Bay Bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-800x337.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-160x67.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1020x430.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1920x810.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1180x498.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-960x405.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-240x101.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-375x158.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-520x219.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frank Lloyd Wright’s proposed ‘Butterfly Bridge.’ It would have stretched between San Francisco and Oakland, somewhere south of the Bay Bridge. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That was in 1949, and Wright would spend the last decade of his life trying to win over decision-makers in California. Essentially, he fell in love with his own proposal, which he called the “Butterfly Bridge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The structure had the form of a thorax and wings of a butterfly in reinforced concrete. It’s a beautiful sculptural form when you look at the drawings that he did of it,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Butterfly Bridge would have started on the San Francisco end of the bridge, at the terminus of Army Street, now Cesar Chavez. Long, curved, concrete arms stretch across the water toward Oakland, carrying six lanes of traffic and two pedestrian walkways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The literal centerpiece of the bridge: a hanging garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People driving across the bridge could pull off into this landscape park and enjoy the views from high above over the bay. It’s kind of a crazy idea that traffic going across the bay could stop and there would be enough room for parking and everything, but that was the idea,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZpPZVKMODqs]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea doesn’t sound too crazy to me. After all, the Golden Gate Bridge is a tourist destination as well as a throughput for traffic. The proposal for the Butterfly Bridge was received enthusiastically by the San Francisco press. But the state Assembly committee rejected the plan, influenced by consulting engineers dubious about the details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The engineers in Sacramento were able to say, ‘Well, it’s just not worked out in enough detail. We don’t think it’s going to work. It’s too radical,’ ” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be fair to the pencil pushers in the state Capitol, Turner adds we have to imagine how things looked back in the mid-20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was so unusual, was so radical, it was unlike any earlier bridge that had been designed,” he says. “And because Wright had not gotten a commission to do it, wasn’t being paid anything, they weren’t able to design the bridge in the kind of detail that would really be required, with all of the structural analysis and everything. That would have to come later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, they decided it wasn’t necessary, because a few years later people started talking about BART under the bay, and so that became the solution to this traffic problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright called that idea “suicidal,” which turns out to be an overstatement as the Transbay Tube is still going strong after nearly 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Wright died, and with it, serious thoughts of doing something with his plans. Especially after the new, expanded San Mateo Bridge opened in 1967.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642655\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11642655\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-800x448.jpg\" alt=\"The Bazett House in Hillsborough, drawing by Wright, 1939. This was one of the few Wright commissions that got built in the San Francisco Bay Area.\" width=\"800\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-800x448.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1020x571.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1920x1075.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1180x661.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-960x538.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-240x134.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-520x291.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bazett House in Hillsborough, drawing by Wright, 1939. This was one of the few Wright commissions that got built in the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>People still talk of building another bridge to span the bay. Just a few years ago, Sen. Dianne Feinstein and East Bay Rep. Mark DeSaulnier \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/18/you-say-you-want-a-new-bridge-or-2nd-bart-tube-heres-how-you-might-pay-for-it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">called for another bay bridge\u003c/a>, a so-called Southern Crossing south of the Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every now and then, people talk about an extra possible bridge and there’ll be stories in the newspapers. So it still captivates the imagination of the public because it is so beautiful,” Turner says, sighing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what does Duncan Keefe of San Jose think? Should we resurrect Frank Lloyd Wright’s Butterfly Bridge?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As much as I would have liked to see this bridge have been built, it was for a different time. These days, if we’re going to make any investment, it ought to be in getting trains across the bay, not cars. We have enough cars already, and you know, throwing more cars across the bay is only going to make the traffic situation on the Peninsula and in San Francisco even worse,” Keefe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was first published on Jan. 25, 2018. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did you know the great American architect Frank Lloyd Wright wanted to build a bridge across the San Francisco Bay?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious question-asker Duncan Keefe of San Jose did. He studied architecture in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have been brilliant, and I think it would have been very influential — and possibly changed the course of how other bridges subsequent to it would have been designed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frank Lloyd Wright loved the San Francisco Bay Area. But you wouldn’t know it, because there just aren’t a lot of his buildings around here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seven or eight, depending on how you count them, including the houses,” says \u003ca href=\"https://art.stanford.edu/people/paul-v-turner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paul Turner\u003c/a>, a professor emeritus in architectural history at Stanford. He’s the author of “Frank Lloyd Wright and San Francisco,” a book that’s as much about the projects that \u003ci>didn’t\u003c/i> get built as the ones that did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Frank Lloyd Wright actually designed close to 30 projects for the Bay Area, and they include some of his most unusual and really amazing buildings,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642709\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11642709 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-800x992.jpg\" alt=\"Master architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, looking over his drawing of the Butterfly Bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"992\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-800x992.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-160x198.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-1020x1265.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-1180x1463.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-960x1191.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-240x298.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-375x465.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28908_wright-qut-520x645.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Master architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, looking over his drawing of the ‘Butterfly Bridge’. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of Gordon Peters/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Why did Wright’s proposals fail to get the go-ahead? A lot of times he was just dreaming too big (read: expensive) for the client. But that didn’t stop him from dreaming big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For example, his first skyscraper was designed for Market Street in San Francisco,” Turner says. “If there were some project that he found interesting, he would do the design and just hope that it would get built.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright never got the commission for a San Francisco skyscraper. Just as he never got a commission to design another Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was talk of a second span \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/thetake/article/Another-Bay-Bridge-70-years-of-absurd-crazy-and-12420536.php?t=8ed45000dc#photo-14668490\">almost as soon as the Bay Bridge was completed\u003c/a> in the 1930s. That’s right: Traffic was that bad, that early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1940s, Wright was competing for projects all across the country. Jaroslav Joseph Polivka, a San Francisco Bay Area engineer and fan of Wright’s, suggested he throw his hat in the ring for the proposed second Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642654\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11642654 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-800x337.jpg\" alt=\"Frank Lloyd Wright's proposed "Butterfly Bridge." It would have stretched between San Francisco and Oakland, somewhere south of the Bay Bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-800x337.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-160x67.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1020x430.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1920x810.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-1180x498.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-960x405.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-240x101.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-375x158.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Butterfly20Bridge20drawing-520x219.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Frank Lloyd Wright’s proposed ‘Butterfly Bridge.’ It would have stretched between San Francisco and Oakland, somewhere south of the Bay Bridge. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That was in 1949, and Wright would spend the last decade of his life trying to win over decision-makers in California. Essentially, he fell in love with his own proposal, which he called the “Butterfly Bridge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The structure had the form of a thorax and wings of a butterfly in reinforced concrete. It’s a beautiful sculptural form when you look at the drawings that he did of it,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Butterfly Bridge would have started on the San Francisco end of the bridge, at the terminus of Army Street, now Cesar Chavez. Long, curved, concrete arms stretch across the water toward Oakland, carrying six lanes of traffic and two pedestrian walkways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The literal centerpiece of the bridge: a hanging garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People driving across the bridge could pull off into this landscape park and enjoy the views from high above over the bay. It’s kind of a crazy idea that traffic going across the bay could stop and there would be enough room for parking and everything, but that was the idea,” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ZpPZVKMODqs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ZpPZVKMODqs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea doesn’t sound too crazy to me. After all, the Golden Gate Bridge is a tourist destination as well as a throughput for traffic. The proposal for the Butterfly Bridge was received enthusiastically by the San Francisco press. But the state Assembly committee rejected the plan, influenced by consulting engineers dubious about the details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The engineers in Sacramento were able to say, ‘Well, it’s just not worked out in enough detail. We don’t think it’s going to work. It’s too radical,’ ” Turner says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be fair to the pencil pushers in the state Capitol, Turner adds we have to imagine how things looked back in the mid-20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was so unusual, was so radical, it was unlike any earlier bridge that had been designed,” he says. “And because Wright had not gotten a commission to do it, wasn’t being paid anything, they weren’t able to design the bridge in the kind of detail that would really be required, with all of the structural analysis and everything. That would have to come later.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, they decided it wasn’t necessary, because a few years later people started talking about BART under the bay, and so that became the solution to this traffic problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright called that idea “suicidal,” which turns out to be an overstatement as the Transbay Tube is still going strong after nearly 50 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Wright died, and with it, serious thoughts of doing something with his plans. Especially after the new, expanded San Mateo Bridge opened in 1967.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642655\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11642655\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-800x448.jpg\" alt=\"The Bazett House in Hillsborough, drawing by Wright, 1939. This was one of the few Wright commissions that got built in the San Francisco Bay Area.\" width=\"800\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-800x448.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1020x571.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1920x1075.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-1180x661.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-960x538.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-240x134.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-375x210.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Bazett-FLW20drwg2c20red27d-520x291.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bazett House in Hillsborough, drawing by Wright, 1939. This was one of the few Wright commissions that got built in the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>People still talk of building another bridge to span the bay. Just a few years ago, Sen. Dianne Feinstein and East Bay Rep. Mark DeSaulnier \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/18/you-say-you-want-a-new-bridge-or-2nd-bart-tube-heres-how-you-might-pay-for-it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">called for another bay bridge\u003c/a>, a so-called Southern Crossing south of the Bay Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every now and then, people talk about an extra possible bridge and there’ll be stories in the newspapers. So it still captivates the imagination of the public because it is so beautiful,” Turner says, sighing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what does Duncan Keefe of San Jose think? Should we resurrect Frank Lloyd Wright’s Butterfly Bridge?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As much as I would have liked to see this bridge have been built, it was for a different time. These days, if we’re going to make any investment, it ought to be in getting trains across the bay, not cars. We have enough cars already, and you know, throwing more cars across the bay is only going to make the traffic situation on the Peninsula and in San Francisco even worse,” Keefe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bourke MacDonald has spent much of the last year exploring local parks. During the coronavirus pandemic, when outdoor activities were some of the only outlets for fun, Bourke and his fiancée did a lot of hiking. And that’s how Bourke discovered \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/sibley/\">Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, ‘Volcanic!? What do you mean? I gotta check this out. There’s a volcano?'” Bourke said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even after investigating the \u003ca href=\"https://ebrpd.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapTour/index.html?appid=0fb2f053dc1e4dfea896085e798821c6\">self-guided tour\u003c/a> offered by the park, Bourke wanted to know more about how a volcano in the East Bay hills came to be and why it went extinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a beautiful, clear day I met up with Bourke and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/activities/naturalists/crabcove.htm\">Michael Charnofsky\u003c/a>, a naturalist with the East Bay Regional Park District. We set off on a hike up the mountain to discover the history and geology of this volcanic relic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876406\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876406\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael.jpg\" alt=\"Bourke MacDonald and Michael Charnofsky at Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bourke MacDonald and Michael Charnofsky at Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After several miles, we reached a spot in the trail with a steep drop off into a crater. I thought we were looking into the pit of the volcano, but Michael told me this is not the volcano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People come here and say, ‘there’s a big deep pit, that was a caldera,'” Michael said. “No. That was a mountain that was taken away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He explained that the pit is actually a quarry, where mining companies removed rock to build Bay Area roads and other infrastructure. Behind us stands Roundtop Mountain, which also looks like a volcano, but isn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Roundtop is being eroded away more slowly than the other mountains and that’s why it looks kind of like it stands on its own,” Michael explained. “And that’s why people think it is the volcano.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876397\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876397\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Panoramic of the quarry pit at Sibley.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-800x141.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-1020x180.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-160x28.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-1536x271.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-2048x361.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-1920x339.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Panoramic view lookiing out over the quarry pit at Sibley. From here, you are standing in what have been the middle of the volcano 10 million years ago! \u003ccite>(Bourke MacDonald)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s hard for me to wrap my head around the fact that the volcano we are investigating is so old that the only visible remnants of it are some very cool rocks scattered about the park. In fact, when we’re standing at the overlook of the quarry, with Roundtop at our backs, Michael says we’re standing at what would have been the middle of the volcano 10 million years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The geology here is fascinating and explains a lot about our Bay Area landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s something called the Mendocino Triple Junction,” explained \u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/geology/people/faculty/blisniuk/\">Dr. Kimberly Blisniuk\u003c/a>, a geology professor at San Jose State University. Scientists call it that because currently the triple junction is off the coast of Mendocino, but 10 million years ago, that junction used to be down in the area where Sibley is now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the name suggests, the \u003ca href=\"https://seismo.berkeley.edu/blog/2008/10/27/where-the-san-andreas-fault-ends.html\">Mendocino Triple Junction\u003c/a> is a place where three tectonic plate boundaries come together. The three plates are colliding, sliding past one another and overlapping. The place where they meet is like a T-junction and there’s a little hole that allows magma under the earth to bubble up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876409\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 511px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876409\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Plateboundary-figure.png\" alt=\"Figure showing how the three plates that make upt he Mendocino Triple Junction come together.\" width=\"511\" height=\"591\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Plateboundary-figure.png 511w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Plateboundary-figure-160x185.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 511px) 100vw, 511px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The North American, Pacific, and Gorda-Juan De Fuca Plates come together at the Mendocino Triple Junction. The arrows show which direction the plates are moving. The junction is now near Mendocino, but millions of years ago it was down in the East Bay. \u003ccite>(Kimberly Blisniuk (SJSU) and Katherine Guns (UCSD))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s called a slab window,” Blisniuk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s this slab window where magma burst up through the Earth’s crust and formed a volcano in what are now the East Bay hills, above Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it gets crazier. Over millions of years, after lots of earthquakes, moving tectonic plates and shifting pressure, the land began to fold, turning the volcano onto its side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best way to think about it is if you take pages of a book and you squeeze them together,” Blisniuk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876412\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11876412 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1020x1165.png\" alt=\"A figure showing the major plate boundaries in the Bay Area.\" width=\"640\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1020x1165.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-800x914.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-160x183.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1345x1536.png 1345w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1793x2048.png 1793w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1920x2193.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A figure showing the major faults in the Bay Area. The faults divide the crust into blocks. Each block moves at a different rate, something \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/05/17/new-san-andreas-fault-research-might-change-how-damage-shakes-out/\">geologists study to determine fault risk.\u003c/a> \u003ccite>(Kimberly Blisniuk (SJSU) and Katherine Guns (UCSD))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Imagine a paperback book. Put one hand on the spine of the book and the other hand on the opposite pages. Now squeeze. As your hands apply pressure, one side of the once-flat book will arc up, while the other side will dip down. It looks a little like a sin wave. In this analogy, the book is the land, and the pressure comes from faults under the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We get something called compressional deformation,” Blisniuk said. “We squeeze the earth because there’s a lot of stress that’s being transferred from, say, the Calaveras to the Hayward Fault as these \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpIbbul0eQ0<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpIbbul0eQ0\">faults are evolving and producing earthquakes\u003c/a>. When you squeeze the land between these faults, they start to fold and tilt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876398\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876398\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation.jpg\" alt=\"Katrina records Michael as he explains specific volcanic features of rocks in the park.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Katrina Schwartz records Michael Charnofsky as he explains specific volcanic features of rocks in the park. \u003ccite>(Bourke MacDonald)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The pressure pushed some portions of land up and others settled down. In the process, the volcano folded over. And to make it even harder to imagine what the volcano would have looked like, millions of years have eroded much of the rock away, altering the landscape from what it would have looked like when the volcano was active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have heard this is the best example of the inside of a volcano anywhere in California,” Michael said, because of the quarrying that was done here. Miners dug into the mountain, which was really the side of the old volcano, allowing scientists an unusually good view of the geological history. “People who love volcanoes love to come study this one,” Michael said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though it’s difficult to conceptualize the volcano and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2021-03-24/los-angeles-biggest-earthquake-threat-san-andreas-big-one\">changes that earthquakes and time have wrought\u003c/a>, Sibley has a special feel to it. And in addition to the beauty of green hills, bay views, wildflowers, birds and cool rocks, there’s one other unique feature here: A labyrinth at the bottom of the quarry pit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876396\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876396\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth.jpg\" alt=\"A labyrinth made of grass and stones sits at the bottom of a quarry in Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A labyrinth made of grass and stones sits at the bottom of a quarry in Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve. \u003ccite>(PunkToad/\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/punktoad/6633820003/\">Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was a beautiful round spot already,” said Helena Mazzariello, the woman who built the labyrinth over 30 years ago. “It already felt sacred. It already felt so good there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helena is a \u003ca href=\"http://www.spiritinjoy.com\">shamanic practitioner\u003c/a> and used to live near Sibley. She would often hike there with her pet goat. Together they’d wander down to the bottom of the quarry. One day she decided to build a labyrinth out of mud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A labyrinth is one of the oldest contemplative transformational tools that mankind used for centuries,” she explained. It’s not the same as a maze — that’s something you get lost in. A labyrinth is a type of walking meditation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a labyrinth; it is unicursal,” she said, “so there’s one way in and one way out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helena didn’t expect the labyrinth to last. In fact, when the rains came that year, she headed over to Sibley to see what had happened to her creation. When she got there, she found other visitors had laid rocks on the mud lines she’d drawn, keeping the labyrinth’s shape. Over the next three decades, Helena and other \u003ca href=\"http://mazzariellolabyrinth.orgfree.com/\">Friends of the Labyrinth\u003c/a>, have worked to maintain the pattern. It has become one of the most famous labyrinths in the Bay Area, with Helena’s name appearing on some maps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The East Bay Regional Park District doesn’t condone rogue labyrinth builders, but this one has been there so long, and is tended with such care, that they look the other way. It even brings visitors to the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876400\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876400\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset.jpg\" alt=\"View of the sun setting over the bay from Sibley's hilltops.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View of the sun setting over the bay from Sibley’s hilltops. \u003ccite>(Bourke MacDonald)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the sun started to set, turning the distant bay a glassy blue-gray, Bourke, Michael and I headed down the mountain. It would be easy to hike in this park oblivious to its volcanic history. In many ways its wide trails, rolling green hills, and epic views look like other parks that dot the East Bay hills. But when you hike in Sibley, remember — you’re in the middle of a volcano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Michael likes to say, “It’s all over the place and it’s almost nowhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore a lot more about the geology of various parts of Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve in this \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/17427/web-extra-sibley-volcanic-regional-preserve\">video tour\u003c/a> with Steve Edwards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"subhead": "The history of the Bay Area's very own volcano.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bourke MacDonald has spent much of the last year exploring local parks. During the coronavirus pandemic, when outdoor activities were some of the only outlets for fun, Bourke and his fiancée did a lot of hiking. And that’s how Bourke discovered \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/sibley/\">Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, ‘Volcanic!? What do you mean? I gotta check this out. There’s a volcano?'” Bourke said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even after investigating the \u003ca href=\"https://ebrpd.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapTour/index.html?appid=0fb2f053dc1e4dfea896085e798821c6\">self-guided tour\u003c/a> offered by the park, Bourke wanted to know more about how a volcano in the East Bay hills came to be and why it went extinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a beautiful, clear day I met up with Bourke and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/activities/naturalists/crabcove.htm\">Michael Charnofsky\u003c/a>, a naturalist with the East Bay Regional Park District. We set off on a hike up the mountain to discover the history and geology of this volcanic relic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876406\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876406\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael.jpg\" alt=\"Bourke MacDonald and Michael Charnofsky at Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-Bourke-Michael-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bourke MacDonald and Michael Charnofsky at Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After several miles, we reached a spot in the trail with a steep drop off into a crater. I thought we were looking into the pit of the volcano, but Michael told me this is not the volcano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People come here and say, ‘there’s a big deep pit, that was a caldera,'” Michael said. “No. That was a mountain that was taken away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He explained that the pit is actually a quarry, where mining companies removed rock to build Bay Area roads and other infrastructure. Behind us stands Roundtop Mountain, which also looks like a volcano, but isn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Roundtop is being eroded away more slowly than the other mountains and that’s why it looks kind of like it stands on its own,” Michael explained. “And that’s why people think it is the volcano.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876397\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876397\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Panoramic of the quarry pit at Sibley.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-800x141.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-1020x180.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-160x28.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-1536x271.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-2048x361.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-pano-1920x339.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Panoramic view lookiing out over the quarry pit at Sibley. From here, you are standing in what have been the middle of the volcano 10 million years ago! \u003ccite>(Bourke MacDonald)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s hard for me to wrap my head around the fact that the volcano we are investigating is so old that the only visible remnants of it are some very cool rocks scattered about the park. In fact, when we’re standing at the overlook of the quarry, with Roundtop at our backs, Michael says we’re standing at what would have been the middle of the volcano 10 million years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The geology here is fascinating and explains a lot about our Bay Area landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s something called the Mendocino Triple Junction,” explained \u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/geology/people/faculty/blisniuk/\">Dr. Kimberly Blisniuk\u003c/a>, a geology professor at San Jose State University. Scientists call it that because currently the triple junction is off the coast of Mendocino, but 10 million years ago, that junction used to be down in the area where Sibley is now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the name suggests, the \u003ca href=\"https://seismo.berkeley.edu/blog/2008/10/27/where-the-san-andreas-fault-ends.html\">Mendocino Triple Junction\u003c/a> is a place where three tectonic plate boundaries come together. The three plates are colliding, sliding past one another and overlapping. The place where they meet is like a T-junction and there’s a little hole that allows magma under the earth to bubble up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876409\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 511px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876409\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Plateboundary-figure.png\" alt=\"Figure showing how the three plates that make upt he Mendocino Triple Junction come together.\" width=\"511\" height=\"591\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Plateboundary-figure.png 511w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Plateboundary-figure-160x185.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 511px) 100vw, 511px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The North American, Pacific, and Gorda-Juan De Fuca Plates come together at the Mendocino Triple Junction. The arrows show which direction the plates are moving. The junction is now near Mendocino, but millions of years ago it was down in the East Bay. \u003ccite>(Kimberly Blisniuk (SJSU) and Katherine Guns (UCSD))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s called a slab window,” Blisniuk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s this slab window where magma burst up through the Earth’s crust and formed a volcano in what are now the East Bay hills, above Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it gets crazier. Over millions of years, after lots of earthquakes, moving tectonic plates and shifting pressure, the land began to fold, turning the volcano onto its side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best way to think about it is if you take pages of a book and you squeeze them together,” Blisniuk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876412\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11876412 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1020x1165.png\" alt=\"A figure showing the major plate boundaries in the Bay Area.\" width=\"640\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1020x1165.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-800x914.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-160x183.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1345x1536.png 1345w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1793x2048.png 1793w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/NSAFCrustalblocks-1920x2193.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A figure showing the major faults in the Bay Area. The faults divide the crust into blocks. Each block moves at a different rate, something \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/05/17/new-san-andreas-fault-research-might-change-how-damage-shakes-out/\">geologists study to determine fault risk.\u003c/a> \u003ccite>(Kimberly Blisniuk (SJSU) and Katherine Guns (UCSD))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Imagine a paperback book. Put one hand on the spine of the book and the other hand on the opposite pages. Now squeeze. As your hands apply pressure, one side of the once-flat book will arc up, while the other side will dip down. It looks a little like a sin wave. In this analogy, the book is the land, and the pressure comes from faults under the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We get something called compressional deformation,” Blisniuk said. “We squeeze the earth because there’s a lot of stress that’s being transferred from, say, the Calaveras to the Hayward Fault as these \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpIbbul0eQ0<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpIbbul0eQ0\">faults are evolving and producing earthquakes\u003c/a>. When you squeeze the land between these faults, they start to fold and tilt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876398\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876398\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation.jpg\" alt=\"Katrina records Michael as he explains specific volcanic features of rocks in the park.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/sibley-rock-explanation-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Katrina Schwartz records Michael Charnofsky as he explains specific volcanic features of rocks in the park. \u003ccite>(Bourke MacDonald)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The pressure pushed some portions of land up and others settled down. In the process, the volcano folded over. And to make it even harder to imagine what the volcano would have looked like, millions of years have eroded much of the rock away, altering the landscape from what it would have looked like when the volcano was active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have heard this is the best example of the inside of a volcano anywhere in California,” Michael said, because of the quarrying that was done here. Miners dug into the mountain, which was really the side of the old volcano, allowing scientists an unusually good view of the geological history. “People who love volcanoes love to come study this one,” Michael said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though it’s difficult to conceptualize the volcano and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2021-03-24/los-angeles-biggest-earthquake-threat-san-andreas-big-one\">changes that earthquakes and time have wrought\u003c/a>, Sibley has a special feel to it. And in addition to the beauty of green hills, bay views, wildflowers, birds and cool rocks, there’s one other unique feature here: A labyrinth at the bottom of the quarry pit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876396\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876396\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth.jpg\" alt=\"A labyrinth made of grass and stones sits at the bottom of a quarry in Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-labyrinth-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A labyrinth made of grass and stones sits at the bottom of a quarry in Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve. \u003ccite>(PunkToad/\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/punktoad/6633820003/\">Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was a beautiful round spot already,” said Helena Mazzariello, the woman who built the labyrinth over 30 years ago. “It already felt sacred. It already felt so good there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helena is a \u003ca href=\"http://www.spiritinjoy.com\">shamanic practitioner\u003c/a> and used to live near Sibley. She would often hike there with her pet goat. Together they’d wander down to the bottom of the quarry. One day she decided to build a labyrinth out of mud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A labyrinth is one of the oldest contemplative transformational tools that mankind used for centuries,” she explained. It’s not the same as a maze — that’s something you get lost in. A labyrinth is a type of walking meditation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a labyrinth; it is unicursal,” she said, “so there’s one way in and one way out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helena didn’t expect the labyrinth to last. In fact, when the rains came that year, she headed over to Sibley to see what had happened to her creation. When she got there, she found other visitors had laid rocks on the mud lines she’d drawn, keeping the labyrinth’s shape. Over the next three decades, Helena and other \u003ca href=\"http://mazzariellolabyrinth.orgfree.com/\">Friends of the Labyrinth\u003c/a>, have worked to maintain the pattern. It has become one of the most famous labyrinths in the Bay Area, with Helena’s name appearing on some maps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The East Bay Regional Park District doesn’t condone rogue labyrinth builders, but this one has been there so long, and is tended with such care, that they look the other way. It even brings visitors to the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11876400\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11876400\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset.jpg\" alt=\"View of the sun setting over the bay from Sibley's hilltops.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Sibley-sunset-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View of the sun setting over the bay from Sibley’s hilltops. \u003ccite>(Bourke MacDonald)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the sun started to set, turning the distant bay a glassy blue-gray, Bourke, Michael and I headed down the mountain. It would be easy to hike in this park oblivious to its volcanic history. In many ways its wide trails, rolling green hills, and epic views look like other parks that dot the East Bay hills. But when you hike in Sibley, remember — you’re in the middle of a volcano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Michael likes to say, “It’s all over the place and it’s almost nowhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore a lot more about the geology of various parts of Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve in this \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/17427/web-extra-sibley-volcanic-regional-preserve\">video tour\u003c/a> with Steve Edwards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A first-in-the-country state task force to study reparations for Black Californians launched its inaugural meeting Tuesday. The task force is charged with outlining slavery’s modern-day impacts on Black people, eliminating discriminatory laws and crafting a state apology for past wrongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Never has any state government in 400 years of American history embarked on such an expansive effort of truth and reconciliation around the institution of slavery and its present-day effects,” California Attorney General Rob Bonta said in his opening remarks. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Shirley Weber, California secretary of state\"]‘We cannot separate the things that people are crying for in the streets in terms of justice, and what has happened in the past. Your task is to determine the depth of the harm and the ways in which we are to repair that harm.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight of the nine task force members are Black and one is Japanese American. The members, appointed by Gov. Gavin Newsom and leaders of the Legislature, include the descendants of slaves who are now lawyers, academics and politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m so thankful to my ancestors who survived so much trauma so that I could thrive,” said Los Angeles trial attorney Lisa Holder, one of the members. “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors, and I am ready to deliver them justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holder has spent 20 years as a civil rights litigator focusing on police misconduct and has also worked on workplace discrimination cases, as well as education equity and efforts to dismantle the school-to-prison pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There can be no reconciliation on race in America without truth, there can be no peace with respect to race in America without justice, and reparations is a critical pathway to authentic reconciliation and lasting peace,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force has the power to hold hearings and request witness testimony to help the group develop suggestions for correcting past wrongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secretary of State Shirley Weber, who as a state assemblymember authored the legislation creating the task force, noted the solemnity of the occasion as well as the opportunity to right historic wrongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cannot separate the things that people are crying for in the streets in terms of justice, and what has happened in the past,” Weber said. “Your task is to determine the depth of the harm and the ways in which we are to repair that harm.” [aside postID=news_11840465]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics have said that California did not have slaves and should not have to study reparations. But Weber said the state is an economic powerhouse that can point the way for a federal government that has been unable to address the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force will craft an apology and identify policies that contribute to ongoing racial disparities in education, the criminal justice system, generational wealth and other areas. Black people make up just 6% of California’s population yet constitute an overwhelming percentage of people in prison, the economically marginalized and those who are unhoused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have lost more than we have ever taken from this country. We have given more than has ever been given to us,” said state Sen. Steven Bradford, D-Gardena, who is on the committee.[aside tag=\"reparations, racism\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta said at the beginning of the day’s meeting, “Although the horrors of slavery may have begun in the past, its harms are felt every single day by Black Americans in the present.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta also brought up California as a leader in the nation, but said the state has still moved too slowly on issues of race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California continues to lead the nation. But as a nation, we have moved far too slowly,” Bonta said, pointing out how the first convening comes just after the 100th anniversary of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1001433852/the-tulsa-race-massacre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tulsa Race Massacre\u003c/a>, an event that he said was hidden from our collective consciousness by “our inability to confront the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As established in the bill, the task force will have 10 meetings in the next two years and each one will be dedicated to a different subtopic. The next meeting will take place in August 2021 and will focus on the roots of systemic racism, institution of slavery, political participation and racial terror. The third meeting is planned for October and will tackle government segregation in housing, education and environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force sunsets July 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There can be no reconciliation on race in America without truth, there can be no peace with respect to race in America without justice, and reparations is a critical pathway to authentic reconciliation and lasting peace,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force has the power to hold hearings and request witness testimony to help the group develop suggestions for correcting past wrongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secretary of State Shirley Weber, who as a state assemblymember authored the legislation creating the task force, noted the solemnity of the occasion as well as the opportunity to right historic wrongs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cannot separate the things that people are crying for in the streets in terms of justice, and what has happened in the past,” Weber said. “Your task is to determine the depth of the harm and the ways in which we are to repair that harm.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics have said that California did not have slaves and should not have to study reparations. But Weber said the state is an economic powerhouse that can point the way for a federal government that has been unable to address the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force will craft an apology and identify policies that contribute to ongoing racial disparities in education, the criminal justice system, generational wealth and other areas. Black people make up just 6% of California’s population yet constitute an overwhelming percentage of people in prison, the economically marginalized and those who are unhoused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have lost more than we have ever taken from this country. We have given more than has ever been given to us,” said state Sen. Steven Bradford, D-Gardena, who is on the committee.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta said at the beginning of the day’s meeting, “Although the horrors of slavery may have begun in the past, its harms are felt every single day by Black Americans in the present.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta also brought up California as a leader in the nation, but said the state has still moved too slowly on issues of race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California continues to lead the nation. But as a nation, we have moved far too slowly,” Bonta said, pointing out how the first convening comes just after the 100th anniversary of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1001433852/the-tulsa-race-massacre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tulsa Race Massacre\u003c/a>, an event that he said was hidden from our collective consciousness by “our inability to confront the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As established in the bill, the task force will have 10 meetings in the next two years and each one will be dedicated to a different subtopic. The next meeting will take place in August 2021 and will focus on the roots of systemic racism, institution of slavery, political participation and racial terror. The third meeting is planned for October and will tackle government segregation in housing, education and environmental justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force sunsets July 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Area air regulators are considering requiring the oil industry to significantly reduce the amount of pollution local refineries spew into the region’s air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board that oversees the Bay Area Air Quality Management District plans to vote Wednesday on a proposal that could force two of California’s largest refineries — Chevron’s Richmond refinery and the PBF Energy refinery in Martinez — to install air pollution devices at a cost of hundreds of millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the proposed rule change, including environmentalists and health and air quality experts, say the change is needed to protect the health of residents who live near the refineries, many of whom are low-income people of color in areas with higher rates of respiratory disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Dr. Teresa Muñoz, obstetrician-gynecologist in Richmond\"]‘I am asking the air district to stand with me for our mothers and our babies and to remain true to their mission.’[/pullquote]Advocates argue the board should approve the change, if for no other reason than to honor the agency’s own \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/about-the-air-district/mission-statement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">stated mission\u003c/a> of protecting and improving public health and air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am asking the air district to stand with me for our mothers and our babies and to remain true to their mission,” said Dr. Teresa Muñoz, an obstetrician-gynecologist in Richmond, at a press conference last Wednesday held a few blocks from the Chevron refinery. “Please keep your word.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil industry representatives, led by Chevron and PBF Energy, are urging the agency to reject the plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBF says if the proposal is approved, it will be forced to shut down its Martinez plant, which it purchased from Shell early last year. Attorneys for Chevron say the data the air district staff used in creating the potential change is flawed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In short, this rulemaking has been procedurally defective, technically inaccurate, and the potential benefits of the proposed amendments are overstated,” Michael Carroll, a partner at Latham & Watkins, wrote on behalf of Chevron in an April 30 \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/dotgov/files/rules/reg-6-rule-5-particulate-emissions-from-refinery-fluidized-catalytic-cracking-units/2020-amendment/comments/20210430_chevron_0605-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">letter\u003c/a> to the air district.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Cracking Units\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>At issue are key refinery components called fluidized catalytic cracking units. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cracking units use a chemical catalyst to help break down heavy crude oil into lighter components for products like gasoline. During the cracking process, the catalyst is coated with a carbon material called coke, which is then burned off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district says that procedure, part of normal daily operations at many large refineries, emits more \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/particulate-matter-pm-basics#PM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">particulate matter\u003c/a> than any other part of the refining process and makes up a significant portion of each plant’s total emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Proposal: Bring on the Scrubbers\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The proposal before the 24-member air district board would amend \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/rules-and-compliance/rules/reg-6-rule-5-particulate-emissions-from-refinery-fluidized-catalytic-cracking-units?rule_version=2020%20Amendment#:~:text=Description%3A,precursors%20of%20secondary%20particulate%20matter.,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Regulation 6 Rule 5\u003c/a>, limiting the amount of particulate matter, ammonia and sulfur dioxide the cracking units emit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district says the change could cut annual Chevron and PBF emissions of PM10 particulates by an estimated 400 tons — or 72% — from the recently reported level of 554 tons a year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal is not expected to affect Phillips 66 in Rodeo, which does not have a fluid catalytic cracking unit, or Marathon in Martinez, which is currently idled. Both refineries are being converted to produce renewable diesel fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If approved, the rule would go into effect in five years, requiring Chevron and PBF to buy and install a system called a wet gas scrubber, a unit that Valero’s Benicia refinery already has. The scrubbers capture and remove pollutants by sending exhaust gas through sprays of scrubbing liquid. The district says the scrubbers can significantly reduce the particulate matter released into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Dirty Air\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Particulate matter is essentially what some experts call “dirty air,” which contains things like soot, dust and dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many Bay Area residents have become more familiar with the air quality concerns associated with particulate matter as a result of massive wildfires in recent years that have fouled the region’s air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Compelling evidence also indicates that fine particulate matter is the most significant air pollution health hazard in the Bay Area,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/dotgov/files/rules/reg-6-rule-5-particulate-emissions-from-refinery-fluidized-catalytic-cracking-units/2020-amendment/documents/20210330_sr_0605-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">air district staff wrote\u003c/a> in the agency’s report on the proposal. “Reducing particulate matter emissions can reduce mortality and increase average life span.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"oil-refineries\"]Fine inhalable particulate matter with diameters that are generally 2.5 micrometers or smaller — known as PM2.5 — can exacerbate conditions for people who have preexisting heart and lung conditions, including children with asthma. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research has linked exposure to particulate matter to cardiovascular disease, changes in cognitive function, low birth weight and preterm births, among other health problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Who gets the heaviest exposures to PM2.5? Low-income communities of color,” said John Balmes, a professor of medicine at UCSF, who sits on the California Air Resources Board. “Where do they put refineries? Usually adjacent to low-income communities of color.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule change before the board also includes a limit on the total amount of PM10 an oil refinery releases, although most of those emissions are understood to be within the PM2.5 size range, an air district representative said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The refineries that surround us in the Bay Area are the largest source of industrial air pollution [in the region], which is dangerous to health” said Dr. Amanda Millstein, a pediatrician in Richmond and co-founder of Climate Health Now, a group of California health professionals pushing to transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s time to protect health over the financial interests of the fossil fuel industry,” she said. “The air district board needs to fulfill its mission to provide a healthy breathing environment to every Bay Area resident and require the best available retrofit technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Industry Opposition\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>PBF says a wet gas scrubber would cost too much and that its Martinez refinery doesn’t have enough space for such a unit. The New Jersey-based company says the scrubber would require considerable amounts of fresh water, electricity and natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, according to air district staff, refineries that use wet gas scrubbers use between 120,000 and 430,000 gallons of water a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal “will force us to shut down the Martinez refinery,” Paul Davis, PBF’s western region president, wrote in an April 29 letter to the district. He added that the refinery can work to reduce its particulate matter releases but not by as much as air district staff are recommending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"John Balmes, UCSF professor of medicine and California Air Resources Board member\"]‘Who gets the heaviest exposures to PM2.5? Low-income communities of color. Where do they put refineries? Usually adjacent to low-income communities of color.’[/pullquote]Chevron says it has been steadily reducing its emissions. The San Ramon-based oil giant says its Richmond modernization project, which involved bringing in a new hydrogen plant along with other developments, has brought about a larger reduction in particulate emissions than the district’s proposed change would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron said in a series of letters to the the agency that the district’s research on the proposal was riddled with errors and had not taken into account recent refinery improvements. It also said the district had underestimated the cost of installing and operating a wet gas scrubber and overestimated the projected emissions reductions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While the capital costs will indeed be exorbitant, the public health benefits will be negligible,” Carroll, of Latham & Watkins, \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/dotgov/files/rules/reg-6-rule-5-particulate-emissions-from-refinery-fluidized-catalytic-cracking-units/2020-amendment/comments/20210430_chevron_0605-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wrote\u003c/a> on behalf of Chevron.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]Refinery industry executives and some labor leaders say the rule change could also reduce high-quality blue-collar jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But local environmentalists argue the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s good for public health and good for the economy,” said Dan Sakaguchi, a researcher for Communities for a Better Environment, a Richmond-based group that has long called for stronger refinery regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This policy would result in significant economic benefits, including creating thousands of community-supporting jobs, through the installation of new technology to reduce pollution,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/board-of-directors/2021/bod_agenda_060221_rv-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">meeting\u003c/a> will be held on Wednesday at 9:30 a.m. The public can read the agency’s presentation \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/board-of-directors/2021/bod_presentations_060221_op-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a> and watch the hearing live \u003ca href=\"https://bayareametro.zoom.us/j/82294699509#success\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Supporters of the proposed change say the rule would cut particulate emissions from two East Bay refineries by more than 70%.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Area air regulators are considering requiring the oil industry to significantly reduce the amount of pollution local refineries spew into the region’s air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board that oversees the Bay Area Air Quality Management District plans to vote Wednesday on a proposal that could force two of California’s largest refineries — Chevron’s Richmond refinery and the PBF Energy refinery in Martinez — to install air pollution devices at a cost of hundreds of millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the proposed rule change, including environmentalists and health and air quality experts, say the change is needed to protect the health of residents who live near the refineries, many of whom are low-income people of color in areas with higher rates of respiratory disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Advocates argue the board should approve the change, if for no other reason than to honor the agency’s own \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/about-the-air-district/mission-statement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">stated mission\u003c/a> of protecting and improving public health and air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am asking the air district to stand with me for our mothers and our babies and to remain true to their mission,” said Dr. Teresa Muñoz, an obstetrician-gynecologist in Richmond, at a press conference last Wednesday held a few blocks from the Chevron refinery. “Please keep your word.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil industry representatives, led by Chevron and PBF Energy, are urging the agency to reject the plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBF says if the proposal is approved, it will be forced to shut down its Martinez plant, which it purchased from Shell early last year. Attorneys for Chevron say the data the air district staff used in creating the potential change is flawed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In short, this rulemaking has been procedurally defective, technically inaccurate, and the potential benefits of the proposed amendments are overstated,” Michael Carroll, a partner at Latham & Watkins, wrote on behalf of Chevron in an April 30 \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/dotgov/files/rules/reg-6-rule-5-particulate-emissions-from-refinery-fluidized-catalytic-cracking-units/2020-amendment/comments/20210430_chevron_0605-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">letter\u003c/a> to the air district.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Cracking Units\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>At issue are key refinery components called fluidized catalytic cracking units. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cracking units use a chemical catalyst to help break down heavy crude oil into lighter components for products like gasoline. During the cracking process, the catalyst is coated with a carbon material called coke, which is then burned off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district says that procedure, part of normal daily operations at many large refineries, emits more \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/particulate-matter-pm-basics#PM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">particulate matter\u003c/a> than any other part of the refining process and makes up a significant portion of each plant’s total emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Proposal: Bring on the Scrubbers\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The proposal before the 24-member air district board would amend \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/rules-and-compliance/rules/reg-6-rule-5-particulate-emissions-from-refinery-fluidized-catalytic-cracking-units?rule_version=2020%20Amendment#:~:text=Description%3A,precursors%20of%20secondary%20particulate%20matter.,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Regulation 6 Rule 5\u003c/a>, limiting the amount of particulate matter, ammonia and sulfur dioxide the cracking units emit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district says the change could cut annual Chevron and PBF emissions of PM10 particulates by an estimated 400 tons — or 72% — from the recently reported level of 554 tons a year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal is not expected to affect Phillips 66 in Rodeo, which does not have a fluid catalytic cracking unit, or Marathon in Martinez, which is currently idled. Both refineries are being converted to produce renewable diesel fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If approved, the rule would go into effect in five years, requiring Chevron and PBF to buy and install a system called a wet gas scrubber, a unit that Valero’s Benicia refinery already has. The scrubbers capture and remove pollutants by sending exhaust gas through sprays of scrubbing liquid. The district says the scrubbers can significantly reduce the particulate matter released into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Dirty Air\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Particulate matter is essentially what some experts call “dirty air,” which contains things like soot, dust and dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many Bay Area residents have become more familiar with the air quality concerns associated with particulate matter as a result of massive wildfires in recent years that have fouled the region’s air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Compelling evidence also indicates that fine particulate matter is the most significant air pollution health hazard in the Bay Area,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/dotgov/files/rules/reg-6-rule-5-particulate-emissions-from-refinery-fluidized-catalytic-cracking-units/2020-amendment/documents/20210330_sr_0605-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">air district staff wrote\u003c/a> in the agency’s report on the proposal. “Reducing particulate matter emissions can reduce mortality and increase average life span.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Fine inhalable particulate matter with diameters that are generally 2.5 micrometers or smaller — known as PM2.5 — can exacerbate conditions for people who have preexisting heart and lung conditions, including children with asthma. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research has linked exposure to particulate matter to cardiovascular disease, changes in cognitive function, low birth weight and preterm births, among other health problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Who gets the heaviest exposures to PM2.5? Low-income communities of color,” said John Balmes, a professor of medicine at UCSF, who sits on the California Air Resources Board. “Where do they put refineries? Usually adjacent to low-income communities of color.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule change before the board also includes a limit on the total amount of PM10 an oil refinery releases, although most of those emissions are understood to be within the PM2.5 size range, an air district representative said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The refineries that surround us in the Bay Area are the largest source of industrial air pollution [in the region], which is dangerous to health” said Dr. Amanda Millstein, a pediatrician in Richmond and co-founder of Climate Health Now, a group of California health professionals pushing to transition away from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s time to protect health over the financial interests of the fossil fuel industry,” she said. “The air district board needs to fulfill its mission to provide a healthy breathing environment to every Bay Area resident and require the best available retrofit technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Industry Opposition\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>PBF says a wet gas scrubber would cost too much and that its Martinez refinery doesn’t have enough space for such a unit. The New Jersey-based company says the scrubber would require considerable amounts of fresh water, electricity and natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, according to air district staff, refineries that use wet gas scrubbers use between 120,000 and 430,000 gallons of water a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal “will force us to shut down the Martinez refinery,” Paul Davis, PBF’s western region president, wrote in an April 29 letter to the district. He added that the refinery can work to reduce its particulate matter releases but not by as much as air district staff are recommending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Refinery industry executives and some labor leaders say the rule change could also reduce high-quality blue-collar jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But local environmentalists argue the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s good for public health and good for the economy,” said Dan Sakaguchi, a researcher for Communities for a Better Environment, a Richmond-based group that has long called for stronger refinery regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This policy would result in significant economic benefits, including creating thousands of community-supporting jobs, through the installation of new technology to reduce pollution,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/board-of-directors/2021/bod_agenda_060221_rv-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">meeting\u003c/a> will be held on Wednesday at 9:30 a.m. The public can read the agency’s presentation \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/board-of-directors/2021/bod_presentations_060221_op-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a> and watch the hearing live \u003ca href=\"https://bayareametro.zoom.us/j/82294699509#success\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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