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"disqusTitle": "Law Enforcement, Advocates Blame Politics for Increase in Hate Crimes",
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"content": "\u003cp>Authorities in Northern California are investigating nearly half a dozen attacks against Muslims and Islamic institutions in the last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It seems like every few days there's a vandalism or attempted firebombing of a mosque nationally,\" said Basim Elkarra, executive director for Sacramento Valley's Council on American-Islamic Relations.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The recent spike in hate incidents has been unprecedented and we feel it's due to the political rhetoric in the campaign.'\u003ccite>Basim Elkarra, executive director for Sacramento Valley CAIR\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Elkarra says recent incidents in Tracy, Richmond, Santa Clara and Castro Valley are part an alarming trend; that includes more than 50 suspected hate crimes against Muslims across the country in just the last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/239632310\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He blames the 2016 presidential candidates: \"The recent spike in hate incidents has been unprecedented and we feel it's due to the political rhetoric in the campaign.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most recently, Donald Trump has called for a \"total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States.\" The candidate has also said that he would increase the surveillance of mosques \"because something is happening in there. Man, there's anger, and we have to know about it.\" Marco Rubio also called for a ban on immigration from \"that part of the world\" and said that \"there is no evidence in this country that there’s widespread and systemic discrimination.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some law enforcement officers agree that these statements have influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Harp recently retired as second-in-command of the San Francisco office of the FBI, which investigates such crimes. He compares the impact of such messages with that of Southern officials who rejected integration a half-century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10813905\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10813905\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10813905\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Mosque leaders in Tracy contacted CAIR after discovering fire damage on a side door from what appeared to be a Molotov cocktail.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mosque leaders contacted CAIR after discovering fire damage on a side door from what appeared to be a Molotov cocktail. \u003ccite>(Courtesy CAIR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"You're going to have people who are watching those candidates who say, well, these are supposedly leaders in our nation and they're going to think those people are the gospel,\" Harp said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harp said the FBI works with local law enforcement and civil rights groups to try to prevent such crimes, but often it's public tips that make the difference. Recently, a Richmond man allegedly made criminal threats against Muslims and posted a picture of what appeared to be a pipe bomb online. In that case, a Facebook friend reportedly alerted authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin Zimring, director of criminal justice at UC Berkeley's School of Law, says that local law enforcement should look for the \"usual suspects\" when investigating hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're a police officer there, and there's a brick through a Muslim house of worship, then what you have to do is round up the usual suspects. They're the same people who drink too many beers in bars and will in other situations go off gay-bashing or finding themselves racial minorities,\" he said. \"Those are essentially thugs taking on different targets because Muslims are in the news.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Penny Nelson contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Authorities in Northern California are investigating nearly half a dozen attacks against Muslims and Islamic institutions in the last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It seems like every few days there's a vandalism or attempted firebombing of a mosque nationally,\" said Basim Elkarra, executive director for Sacramento Valley's Council on American-Islamic Relations.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The recent spike in hate incidents has been unprecedented and we feel it's due to the political rhetoric in the campaign.'\u003ccite>Basim Elkarra, executive director for Sacramento Valley CAIR\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Elkarra says recent incidents in Tracy, Richmond, Santa Clara and Castro Valley are part an alarming trend; that includes more than 50 suspected hate crimes against Muslims across the country in just the last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/239632310&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/239632310'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He blames the 2016 presidential candidates: \"The recent spike in hate incidents has been unprecedented and we feel it's due to the political rhetoric in the campaign.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most recently, Donald Trump has called for a \"total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States.\" The candidate has also said that he would increase the surveillance of mosques \"because something is happening in there. Man, there's anger, and we have to know about it.\" Marco Rubio also called for a ban on immigration from \"that part of the world\" and said that \"there is no evidence in this country that there’s widespread and systemic discrimination.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some law enforcement officers agree that these statements have influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Harp recently retired as second-in-command of the San Francisco office of the FBI, which investigates such crimes. He compares the impact of such messages with that of Southern officials who rejected integration a half-century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10813905\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10813905\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10813905\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Mosque leaders in Tracy contacted CAIR after discovering fire damage on a side door from what appeared to be a Molotov cocktail.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/17907_transform-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mosque leaders contacted CAIR after discovering fire damage on a side door from what appeared to be a Molotov cocktail. \u003ccite>(Courtesy CAIR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"You're going to have people who are watching those candidates who say, well, these are supposedly leaders in our nation and they're going to think those people are the gospel,\" Harp said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harp said the FBI works with local law enforcement and civil rights groups to try to prevent such crimes, but often it's public tips that make the difference. Recently, a Richmond man allegedly made criminal threats against Muslims and posted a picture of what appeared to be a pipe bomb online. In that case, a Facebook friend reportedly alerted authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin Zimring, director of criminal justice at UC Berkeley's School of Law, says that local law enforcement should look for the \"usual suspects\" when investigating hate crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're a police officer there, and there's a brick through a Muslim house of worship, then what you have to do is round up the usual suspects. They're the same people who drink too many beers in bars and will in other situations go off gay-bashing or finding themselves racial minorities,\" he said. \"Those are essentially thugs taking on different targets because Muslims are in the news.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Penny Nelson contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Berkeley's Zaytuna College Asks Muslims to Think Outside the Mosque",
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"content": "\u003cp>If the American Muslim community has a tendency toward isolation, Zaytuna College is where that insularity comes to die. At the only accredited Muslim college in the United States, students spend a lot of time thinking about what it means to be American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaytuna is located on ‘‘Holy Hill’’ in Berkeley, just around the corner from the Graduate Theological Union, a consortium of Christian seminaries affiliated with University of California, Berkeley. The college emerged from the Zaytuna Institute, an Islamic educational organization founded in nearby Hayward in 1996. The college admitted its first class in 2010 and was accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘‘How are we going to engage the broader community if we’re only working within our own community?’’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The school has 60 students, split almost equally between men and women. About half are from California, and the rest are from other parts of the United States. Students don’t take out loans, and they graduate debt-free, although most of them receive financial assistance from the school, which is supported by individual American Muslim donors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaytuna offers only one bachelor’s degree, in Islamic law and theology, but the curriculum combines Islamic and Western teachings. If students are going to be Muslims in the United States, Zaytuna believes they need to understand the country’s history and founding principles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Religious study isn’t enough at this college. Islam may be the world’s second-largest religion, but in the United States, it is the subject of much misunderstanding and even hatred, and its adherents are often maligned. At Zaytuna, young Muslims are asked to figure out the future of their faith in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From Islamophobia to Conversion\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘I’m an American and I’m a Muslim and those things can go together,’’ says Nirav Bhardwaj, a 25-year-old sophomore at Zaytuna. ‘‘Unfortunately, people think being Muslim means hiding in a little pocket. That’s not what it’s about.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhardwaj is a convert to Islam. He was raised Hindu. Both of his parents are from Rajasthan in northern India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhardwaj says he was ‘‘Islamaphobic’’ in college. But after graduating from University of California, Irvine, with a degree in business administration, he got what he describes as his ‘‘dream job,’’ working for a major league baseball team doing statistics for scouting and player development. While traveling with the team, he became disillusioned. ‘‘We had players who were married,’’ he says, ‘‘and that just went out the window when they were out at the clubs. It was all about seeking immediate satisfaction. I started asking myself, ‘What are you doing? What benefit does baseball provide society anyway? What is the purpose of life?’’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around that time, a Muslim friend shared some Islamic lectures with Bhardwaj. ‘‘I opened a Koran and started reading it, and it worked,’’ he says. Bhardwaj decided to travel in the Muslim world and quit his job. He and his friend went to Egypt. It was there that Bhardwaj converted, while studying with a local sheik in 6th of October City outside Cairo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was tension when he returned home. ‘‘I don’t think I’ve ever made my mom cry except for two times,’’ he says, ‘‘and one of those times was when I told her I converted.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhardwaj says his mother has become supportive after seeing how he has found his place at Zaytuna. Bhardwaj was drawn to the college to study Islamic principles of economics and transactional law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘I think Muslims have a lot to offer in the field of finance,’’ he says, especially given ‘‘the corruption on Wall Street.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Thinking Outside the Mosque\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaytuna’s coordinator of learning outside the classroom, Dawood Yasin, says the college wants students ‘‘to think outside the masjid,’’ using the Arabic word for mosque. ‘‘How are we going to engage the broader community if we’re only working within our own community?’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yasin is also a convert. He was raised Catholic and is a fourth-generation native of Nantucket, Massachusetts. So it’s pretty ironic, he says, ‘‘when people give me the finger and say, ‘Go back to your country!’’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yasin worked as a fashion model in the 1990s in New York, Paris, and South Africa. It was while working in South Africa that he converted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘A lot of times conversion stories are about hitting rock bottom, but I was doing quite well in South Africa, doing TV, and print, and runway,’’ he says. ‘‘But I was asking myself, ‘What does this all mean?’’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After converting, Yasin backpacked around the Muslim world and studied at an Islamic seminary in Damascus, eventually coming back to the United States, working as an Arabic teaching assistant at Yale and later studying at Dartmouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Zaytuna, he leads service education trips with students, in which they work with non-Muslims through organizations such as Habitat for Humanity and with state forestry departments. He also sets up volunteer experiences for students at places such as domestic violence shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some students traveled to Ferguson, Missouri, last year after the death of Michael Brown, to work as community organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yasin’s focus with the students is not a ‘‘feel-good Islam,’’ he says. Yasin wants students to think about their faith in the context of issues such as poverty and the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘How do I buy that pint of strawberries that I know is being picked by people who don’t have access to health care or education?’’ he asks students, when ‘‘the Koran is telling me to eat that which is pure.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘The Koran talks to you through the natural world,’’ Yasin says. ‘‘It’s talking about the mountains and the sky and the rivers and the stars.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He adds: ‘‘The Koran serves as a reminder to you to be mindful of your responsibility.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Decision to Wear Hijab\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sophomore Iman Hamze is a 19-year-old Bay Area native. A first-generation American, her mother is South African and her father is Lebanese. She was raised Muslim. Part of what attracted Hamze to Zaytuna was the chance to study Arabic intensively. She eventually wants to teach the language, ‘‘so that more people can know what the religion is really about. If you can read the Koran, you can figure out the religion for yourself, so it’s not just people feeding it to you.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hamze has three older sisters, but she’s the only one of the children in her family to wear the hijab, the head covering worn by some Muslim women, which is not required at Zaytuna. ‘‘My mom wore the hijab and really wanted me to,’’ she says. ‘‘And I never really cared what people thought.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Hamze, wearing the hijab hasn’t been isolating. On the contrary, it’s been a way for her to connect with non-Muslims. ‘‘I guess people have this idea of women in Islam, that they’re oppressed,’’ Hamze says. ‘‘For me the hijab is empowering. I like that it makes me stand out. People ask me about it. Or they ask me about the way I live my life. And I can talk to them and they can see that we’re just like everyone else.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"American Muslim Women Have High Goals\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘Things are really bleak in the Muslim world,’’ says Colleen Keyes, the dean of students at Zaytuna. ‘‘There’s so much suffering.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keyes believes these ‘‘miserable conditions’’ draw people to extremist Islamic groups. But, she says, those radical views reflect ignorance of Muslim traditions, and ‘‘people around the world are hungry for solid scholarship and thought that makes sense.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Originally from New Haven, Connecticut, Keyes was raised Catholic. She converted to Islam in the late 1980s. She was teaching English at a community college and had several Muslim students. She wanted to learn more about Islam and in the process realized that the religion resonated with her in ways that Catholicism hadn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her family was taken aback, especially when she began praying five times a day and fasting during Ramadan. ‘‘My mom said, ‘Can’t you find an easier religion?’’’ says Keyes. ‘‘And my sister said, ‘I give her six months.’’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keyes taught at an Islamic university in the United Arab Emirates in the 1990s, before returning to the United States to work in community college administration. Keyes is the first woman in administration at Zaytuna. ‘‘Some of the women wish there were more female scholars,’’ she says. ‘‘I tell them that when they get their Ph.D. they can come back and be those female scholars. We’re waiting.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She adds: ‘‘American Muslim women have high goals. As they pursue those goals, there will be change. Change has always been part of the Islamic tradition. Wherever it has gone, it has adapted to its environment. I don’t know how there could be anything but change.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Anna Challet is a reporter with New America Media.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If the American Muslim community has a tendency toward isolation, Zaytuna College is where that insularity comes to die. At the only accredited Muslim college in the United States, students spend a lot of time thinking about what it means to be American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaytuna is located on ‘‘Holy Hill’’ in Berkeley, just around the corner from the Graduate Theological Union, a consortium of Christian seminaries affiliated with University of California, Berkeley. The college emerged from the Zaytuna Institute, an Islamic educational organization founded in nearby Hayward in 1996. The college admitted its first class in 2010 and was accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘‘How are we going to engage the broader community if we’re only working within our own community?’’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The school has 60 students, split almost equally between men and women. About half are from California, and the rest are from other parts of the United States. Students don’t take out loans, and they graduate debt-free, although most of them receive financial assistance from the school, which is supported by individual American Muslim donors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaytuna offers only one bachelor’s degree, in Islamic law and theology, but the curriculum combines Islamic and Western teachings. If students are going to be Muslims in the United States, Zaytuna believes they need to understand the country’s history and founding principles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Religious study isn’t enough at this college. Islam may be the world’s second-largest religion, but in the United States, it is the subject of much misunderstanding and even hatred, and its adherents are often maligned. At Zaytuna, young Muslims are asked to figure out the future of their faith in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From Islamophobia to Conversion\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘I’m an American and I’m a Muslim and those things can go together,’’ says Nirav Bhardwaj, a 25-year-old sophomore at Zaytuna. ‘‘Unfortunately, people think being Muslim means hiding in a little pocket. That’s not what it’s about.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhardwaj is a convert to Islam. He was raised Hindu. Both of his parents are from Rajasthan in northern India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhardwaj says he was ‘‘Islamaphobic’’ in college. But after graduating from University of California, Irvine, with a degree in business administration, he got what he describes as his ‘‘dream job,’’ working for a major league baseball team doing statistics for scouting and player development. While traveling with the team, he became disillusioned. ‘‘We had players who were married,’’ he says, ‘‘and that just went out the window when they were out at the clubs. It was all about seeking immediate satisfaction. I started asking myself, ‘What are you doing? What benefit does baseball provide society anyway? What is the purpose of life?’’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around that time, a Muslim friend shared some Islamic lectures with Bhardwaj. ‘‘I opened a Koran and started reading it, and it worked,’’ he says. Bhardwaj decided to travel in the Muslim world and quit his job. He and his friend went to Egypt. It was there that Bhardwaj converted, while studying with a local sheik in 6th of October City outside Cairo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was tension when he returned home. ‘‘I don’t think I’ve ever made my mom cry except for two times,’’ he says, ‘‘and one of those times was when I told her I converted.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhardwaj says his mother has become supportive after seeing how he has found his place at Zaytuna. Bhardwaj was drawn to the college to study Islamic principles of economics and transactional law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘I think Muslims have a lot to offer in the field of finance,’’ he says, especially given ‘‘the corruption on Wall Street.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Thinking Outside the Mosque\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaytuna’s coordinator of learning outside the classroom, Dawood Yasin, says the college wants students ‘‘to think outside the masjid,’’ using the Arabic word for mosque. ‘‘How are we going to engage the broader community if we’re only working within our own community?’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yasin is also a convert. He was raised Catholic and is a fourth-generation native of Nantucket, Massachusetts. So it’s pretty ironic, he says, ‘‘when people give me the finger and say, ‘Go back to your country!’’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yasin worked as a fashion model in the 1990s in New York, Paris, and South Africa. It was while working in South Africa that he converted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘A lot of times conversion stories are about hitting rock bottom, but I was doing quite well in South Africa, doing TV, and print, and runway,’’ he says. ‘‘But I was asking myself, ‘What does this all mean?’’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After converting, Yasin backpacked around the Muslim world and studied at an Islamic seminary in Damascus, eventually coming back to the United States, working as an Arabic teaching assistant at Yale and later studying at Dartmouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Zaytuna, he leads service education trips with students, in which they work with non-Muslims through organizations such as Habitat for Humanity and with state forestry departments. He also sets up volunteer experiences for students at places such as domestic violence shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some students traveled to Ferguson, Missouri, last year after the death of Michael Brown, to work as community organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yasin’s focus with the students is not a ‘‘feel-good Islam,’’ he says. Yasin wants students to think about their faith in the context of issues such as poverty and the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘How do I buy that pint of strawberries that I know is being picked by people who don’t have access to health care or education?’’ he asks students, when ‘‘the Koran is telling me to eat that which is pure.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘The Koran talks to you through the natural world,’’ Yasin says. ‘‘It’s talking about the mountains and the sky and the rivers and the stars.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He adds: ‘‘The Koran serves as a reminder to you to be mindful of your responsibility.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Decision to Wear Hijab\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sophomore Iman Hamze is a 19-year-old Bay Area native. A first-generation American, her mother is South African and her father is Lebanese. She was raised Muslim. Part of what attracted Hamze to Zaytuna was the chance to study Arabic intensively. She eventually wants to teach the language, ‘‘so that more people can know what the religion is really about. If you can read the Koran, you can figure out the religion for yourself, so it’s not just people feeding it to you.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hamze has three older sisters, but she’s the only one of the children in her family to wear the hijab, the head covering worn by some Muslim women, which is not required at Zaytuna. ‘‘My mom wore the hijab and really wanted me to,’’ she says. ‘‘And I never really cared what people thought.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Hamze, wearing the hijab hasn’t been isolating. On the contrary, it’s been a way for her to connect with non-Muslims. ‘‘I guess people have this idea of women in Islam, that they’re oppressed,’’ Hamze says. ‘‘For me the hijab is empowering. I like that it makes me stand out. People ask me about it. Or they ask me about the way I live my life. And I can talk to them and they can see that we’re just like everyone else.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"American Muslim Women Have High Goals\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>‘‘Things are really bleak in the Muslim world,’’ says Colleen Keyes, the dean of students at Zaytuna. ‘‘There’s so much suffering.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keyes believes these ‘‘miserable conditions’’ draw people to extremist Islamic groups. But, she says, those radical views reflect ignorance of Muslim traditions, and ‘‘people around the world are hungry for solid scholarship and thought that makes sense.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Originally from New Haven, Connecticut, Keyes was raised Catholic. She converted to Islam in the late 1980s. She was teaching English at a community college and had several Muslim students. She wanted to learn more about Islam and in the process realized that the religion resonated with her in ways that Catholicism hadn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her family was taken aback, especially when she began praying five times a day and fasting during Ramadan. ‘‘My mom said, ‘Can’t you find an easier religion?’’’ says Keyes. ‘‘And my sister said, ‘I give her six months.’’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keyes taught at an Islamic university in the United Arab Emirates in the 1990s, before returning to the United States to work in community college administration. Keyes is the first woman in administration at Zaytuna. ‘‘Some of the women wish there were more female scholars,’’ she says. ‘‘I tell them that when they get their Ph.D. they can come back and be those female scholars. We’re waiting.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She adds: ‘‘American Muslim women have high goals. As they pursue those goals, there will be change. Change has always been part of the Islamic tradition. Wherever it has gone, it has adapted to its environment. I don’t know how there could be anything but change.’’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Nicole Castro had no idea she was going to make history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago she was just a senior at James Logan High School in Union City. That’s when she realized that she never saw Filipinos in the history books she read in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Dec. 18, she was sharing a stage with East Bay Assemblyman Rob Bonta, the first Filipino-American state legislator in California history, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/19/us/larry-itliong-forgotten-filipino-labor-leader.html?_r=0\">Johnny Itliong\u003c/a>, the son of a Filipino labor leader she’d learned about in an ethnic studies class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro and two other former James Logan students were being recognized for leading an effort to rename the first school in the nation to honor Filipino-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Driving up, we saw the [school] signs change and it just gave me goosebumps,” said Castro, who’s now 20 and studying nursing. “I still can’t believe I was a part of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10802807\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10802807 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-400x267.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_2608\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assemblymember Rob Bonta (D-Oakland), the first Filipino-American Assembly member in California history, stands with students in front of new signage at Itliong-Vera Cruz Middle School. \u003ccite>(Ericka Cruz Guevarra/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Itliong- Vera Cruz Middle School in Union City — formerly Alvarado Middle School — honors Larry Itliong and Philip Vera Cruz, two Filipino-American leaders who organized for farmworkers rights in California. The two helped lead the successful \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201509100930\">Delano Grape Strike of 1965,\u003c/a> which ultimately led to the formation of the United Farm Workers union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Usually when people think of the farmworkers movement, they think of Cesar Chavez,” said 19-year-old Kevin Torion, one of the three students who led the campaign, who is currently majoring in Asian American Studies at San Francisco State. “The history of the Delano Manongs has been marginalized throughout history … [and] I feel like this renaming is the perfect time to recognize those efforts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students got involved after what began as a civics lesson in their Filipino Heritage Studies class at James Logan three years ago. Their teacher, Ivan Santos, was starting a unit on Filipino-American history. Their discussions focused on immigration, Filipino communities and labor organizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Then it gradually started growing bigger than all of us,” said Torion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in that class that the students learned about the largely \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/04/50-years-later-the-forgotten-origins-of-the-historic-delano-grape-strike\">forgotten history\u003c/a> of Filipino farmworkers in California, and the 13-year effort to get New Haven Unified School District to name a school after Filipino-Americans, which was finally \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_23065812/union-city-school-is-nations-first-named-after\">approved\u003c/a> by the school board in April 2013 but didn’t take effect until Dec. 18, 2015. Johnllen Crisostomo, a 20-year-old student who now studies psychology at Ohlone College, was also a leader in the effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I became more aware of the community,” said Crisostomo, who regularly attended school board meetings to talk about the name change. “We have a Cesar Chavez Middle School. Why not have one for Filipinos to represent both sides of the movement?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many students began dedicating their semester projects to the name change, and Santos began pulling in support from the Filipino community and beyond. But there was something special about these three students in particular. They were introverts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They weren’t your traditional leaders — the high-energy, overachieving students most teachers think of when they think of leaders,” said Santos. “When they were tasked to learn about the experience of their own families, they connected it all with the curriculum. That’s when their engagement jumped. They saw themselves in the history and found motivation to not only take leadership roles in the classroom, but also out in the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to get the district to name a school after Filipino-Americans were first initiated in 1992 by the New Haven Pilipino-American Society for Education, or NHPASE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracie Noriega, who holds a district position and serves as president of NHPASE, said that campaign was revived by the city’s youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These three young people were instrumental in bringing our vision to reality,” said Noriega. “They organized walks and spirit rallies, as well as gathered support from fellow youth, including Cesar Chavez’s grandson.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when you ask any of the three students about their role in the efforts, they deflect attention from themselves. Even as Torion introduced Itliong’s son, Johnny, in the gym where the official renaming ceremony took place, he was reluctant to take credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10802808\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10802808 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-400x267.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_2573\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Johnny Itliong, son of Filipino-American labor leader Larry Itliong, pauses during a ceremony to officially rename Alvarado Middle School to honor his father. ‘This has been a long time coming,’ he said to applause. \u003ccite>(Ericka Cruz Guevarra/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Looking at the words of Manong Philip, leadership is not essential to the movement,” said Torion, who got involved when he was just a junior in high school two years ago. “The movement should move past its leaders because if we just focus on the leaders, then the movement is going to die with the leaders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torion managed an Instagram account for the movement and even worked as an instructional aide in Santos’ class. Crisostomo organized and counted petitions, and worked as Santos’ instructional aide her senior year. Castro regularly attended school board meetings and had background discussions with other local leaders to discuss the name change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were told that it was going to be a big thing, that we were gonna make history,” said Castro. “But for me it never really was about that. We’re always absent in the books. But Itliong and Vera Cruz were just as important as Cesar Chavez, [and] I just felt like it was the right thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the ceremony, Crisostomo was overwhelmed with emotions. She didn’t think their high school efforts would lead to anything after she graduated from high school in 2013. But now that it has, she realizes how the historic naming demonstrates the importance of understanding history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are now a part of the rich tradition of Filipino organizing and activism,” said Santos. “This win, this victory, is awesome. But it’s even better that they still feel like there’s work to be done.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Nicole Castro had no idea she was going to make history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago she was just a senior at James Logan High School in Union City. That’s when she realized that she never saw Filipinos in the history books she read in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Dec. 18, she was sharing a stage with East Bay Assemblyman Rob Bonta, the first Filipino-American state legislator in California history, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/19/us/larry-itliong-forgotten-filipino-labor-leader.html?_r=0\">Johnny Itliong\u003c/a>, the son of a Filipino labor leader she’d learned about in an ethnic studies class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro and two other former James Logan students were being recognized for leading an effort to rename the first school in the nation to honor Filipino-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Driving up, we saw the [school] signs change and it just gave me goosebumps,” said Castro, who’s now 20 and studying nursing. “I still can’t believe I was a part of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10802807\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10802807 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-400x267.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_2608\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2608-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assemblymember Rob Bonta (D-Oakland), the first Filipino-American Assembly member in California history, stands with students in front of new signage at Itliong-Vera Cruz Middle School. \u003ccite>(Ericka Cruz Guevarra/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Itliong- Vera Cruz Middle School in Union City — formerly Alvarado Middle School — honors Larry Itliong and Philip Vera Cruz, two Filipino-American leaders who organized for farmworkers rights in California. The two helped lead the successful \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201509100930\">Delano Grape Strike of 1965,\u003c/a> which ultimately led to the formation of the United Farm Workers union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Usually when people think of the farmworkers movement, they think of Cesar Chavez,” said 19-year-old Kevin Torion, one of the three students who led the campaign, who is currently majoring in Asian American Studies at San Francisco State. “The history of the Delano Manongs has been marginalized throughout history … [and] I feel like this renaming is the perfect time to recognize those efforts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students got involved after what began as a civics lesson in their Filipino Heritage Studies class at James Logan three years ago. Their teacher, Ivan Santos, was starting a unit on Filipino-American history. Their discussions focused on immigration, Filipino communities and labor organizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Then it gradually started growing bigger than all of us,” said Torion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in that class that the students learned about the largely \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/04/50-years-later-the-forgotten-origins-of-the-historic-delano-grape-strike\">forgotten history\u003c/a> of Filipino farmworkers in California, and the 13-year effort to get New Haven Unified School District to name a school after Filipino-Americans, which was finally \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_23065812/union-city-school-is-nations-first-named-after\">approved\u003c/a> by the school board in April 2013 but didn’t take effect until Dec. 18, 2015. Johnllen Crisostomo, a 20-year-old student who now studies psychology at Ohlone College, was also a leader in the effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I became more aware of the community,” said Crisostomo, who regularly attended school board meetings to talk about the name change. “We have a Cesar Chavez Middle School. Why not have one for Filipinos to represent both sides of the movement?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many students began dedicating their semester projects to the name change, and Santos began pulling in support from the Filipino community and beyond. But there was something special about these three students in particular. They were introverts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They weren’t your traditional leaders — the high-energy, overachieving students most teachers think of when they think of leaders,” said Santos. “When they were tasked to learn about the experience of their own families, they connected it all with the curriculum. That’s when their engagement jumped. They saw themselves in the history and found motivation to not only take leadership roles in the classroom, but also out in the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to get the district to name a school after Filipino-Americans were first initiated in 1992 by the New Haven Pilipino-American Society for Education, or NHPASE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracie Noriega, who holds a district position and serves as president of NHPASE, said that campaign was revived by the city’s youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These three young people were instrumental in bringing our vision to reality,” said Noriega. “They organized walks and spirit rallies, as well as gathered support from fellow youth, including Cesar Chavez’s grandson.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when you ask any of the three students about their role in the efforts, they deflect attention from themselves. Even as Torion introduced Itliong’s son, Johnny, in the gym where the official renaming ceremony took place, he was reluctant to take credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10802808\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10802808 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-400x267.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_2573\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_2573-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Johnny Itliong, son of Filipino-American labor leader Larry Itliong, pauses during a ceremony to officially rename Alvarado Middle School to honor his father. ‘This has been a long time coming,’ he said to applause. \u003ccite>(Ericka Cruz Guevarra/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Looking at the words of Manong Philip, leadership is not essential to the movement,” said Torion, who got involved when he was just a junior in high school two years ago. “The movement should move past its leaders because if we just focus on the leaders, then the movement is going to die with the leaders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Torion managed an Instagram account for the movement and even worked as an instructional aide in Santos’ class. Crisostomo organized and counted petitions, and worked as Santos’ instructional aide her senior year. Castro regularly attended school board meetings and had background discussions with other local leaders to discuss the name change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were told that it was going to be a big thing, that we were gonna make history,” said Castro. “But for me it never really was about that. We’re always absent in the books. But Itliong and Vera Cruz were just as important as Cesar Chavez, [and] I just felt like it was the right thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the ceremony, Crisostomo was overwhelmed with emotions. She didn’t think their high school efforts would lead to anything after she graduated from high school in 2013. But now that it has, she realizes how the historic naming demonstrates the importance of understanding history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are now a part of the rich tradition of Filipino organizing and activism,” said Santos. “This win, this victory, is awesome. But it’s even better that they still feel like there’s work to be done.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Iranian-American Entrepreneurs Hope to Do More Business After Nuclear Deal",
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"headTitle": "Immigrant Shift: The Changing California Workforce | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The new nuclear deal with Iran has some Californians salivating, quite literally. That's because the deal will lift longtime bans on the imports of food and carpets after Iran meets certain obligations to change its nuclear program, possibly as soon as next summer. With more than 200,000 people of Persian descent in California, that has piqued the interest of some Iranian entrepreneurs here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They include Idin Deeb, who immigrated to the Los Angeles area from Tehran with his parents at the age of 5. As such, the Persian food distributor knows something about the little longings of his homesick patrons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's candies and gums and prepared foods of certain brands that no one else can get quite right, \" says Deeb, \"I've had people wax poetic for 25 minutes about a gumball before.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deeb, 27, started his company, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kalamala.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Kalamala, \u003c/a>as a hobby when he was just 15 with the help of his dad, who imports olive oils from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238664199\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was always raised with that kind of Iranian-American entrepreneurial mindset, even from a young age. There was no allowance or anything like that. You wanna buy this, how are you gonna make the money to do it?\" remembers Deeb. \"And I knew that there were Persians all throughout the U.S. who were looking for certain ingredients and items. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deeb fields regular calls from people in the Iranian diaspora desperate, after more than three decades of trade bans, for what he calls \"nostalgic foods,\" which are laden with memories of childhood and homeland. Walking through his Van Nuys warehouse, Deeb demonstrates how two sugar loaves are rubbed together over a couple during their wedding ceremony to bless them with sweetness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You see, there's a sprinkling of sugar,\" says Deeb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deeb found a local Southern California woman who makes these sugar loaves, an example of how he's had to get creative -- because of sanctions, none of his products are actually from Iran. Teas are often from India, and other products come from places as far as China. He says he's hoping that thawing relations will soon allow him to import authentic Persian foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10802966\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-10802966\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_3833-1440x960.jpg\" alt=\"Siamak Shamouilzadeh at his Ariana Rug Gallery in Los Gatos\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Siamak Shamouilzadeh at his Ariana Rug Gallery in Los Gatos \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We're hoping that once the embargo has dropped and relations have normalized a little bit,\" says Deeb, \"that this room will be filled with stuff that's all foreign labeling and been produced in \u003cspan class=\"il\">Iran.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the idea of Persian Cheetos doesn't quicken your pulse, perhaps Persian caviar, \u003ca href=\"http://www.najmiehskitchen.com/pdf/FoodofLife_2012_FishFreshHerbs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">pistachios, saffron or the sweet-sour barberry\u003c/a>? That could be just the start, says Deeb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the embargo, he says, there's been an explosion when it comes to literacy around foreign cuisine. A foodie at heart, he's most eager to see the flavors he loves make their mark here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm really, really excited to see great Western chefs get their hands on traditional Iranian ingredients that have been used for thousands of years,\" says Deeb.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/california-immigrants-at-work\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ImmShift375.jpg\">\u003c/a>\n\u003ch3>Stories from Immigrant Shift: The Changing California Workforce\u003c/h3>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>While Deeb could have his way relatively soon, sanctions expert Sam Cutler of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ferrariassociatespc.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Ferrari and Associates \u003c/a>in Washington, D.C., says the trade opening is still very narrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's very little actually changing if you're inside the United States,\" says Cutler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cutler warns that most transactions between the U.S. and Iran -- whether business or personal -- will still be banned. That means people can still get in trouble for shipping products with possible military uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You've seen over the past couple of years a number of prosecutions of individuals for shipping items to Iran that may not be thought to be sensitive,\" says Cutler, \"like MRI coils or air-conditioning equipment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cutler says the U.S. will lift sanctions only around foreign subsidiaries, commercial airplane parts, food and carpets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siamak Shamouilzadeh has been in that business for three decades. He shows off one of his favorite pieces in his Ariana Rug Gallery in Los Gatos, a Kashan from the 1880s. While he says traditional rugs like these have fallen out of favor with Americans, he’s confident of their enduring value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As far as rugs go, Persian rugs are amongst the very best in the world,\" says Shamouilzadeh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With craft culture all the rage these days, Shamouilzadeh is optimistic about a comeback for handmade Persian rugs. He still has connections to rug makers in Iran, and hopes that once the trade ban is lifted, he can travel back and forth to commission rugs for American clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[They could] focus on the type of pattern and designs and colors that would be more usable in this country and, in that manner, expand production,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Shamouilzadeh is looking forward to his own business opportunities, he says he's even more hopeful that increased trade will help make lives easier for people back in Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people share that sentiment, says attorney Nazy Fahimi of the Persian community organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.parsequalitycenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pars Equality Center\u003c/a>. But she advises people to consult a lawyer before doing any business in Iran. (The Treasury Department has a mind-bogglingly detailed informational page about Iran sanctions \u003ca href=\"https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Pages/iran.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">here.\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The majority of folks that we talk to are very excited about this deal,\" says Fahimi. \"But unfortunately, and what we're most concerned about, is that they might be overly eager.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center is currently hosting an ongoing series of \u003ca href=\"http://www.parsequalitycenter.org/events/\" target=\"_blank\">seminars\u003c/a> to teach the Iranian community what it can -- and still can't -- do if the embargo lifts.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The new nuclear deal with Iran has some Californians salivating, quite literally. That's because the deal will lift longtime bans on the imports of food and carpets after Iran meets certain obligations to change its nuclear program, possibly as soon as next summer. With more than 200,000 people of Persian descent in California, that has piqued the interest of some Iranian entrepreneurs here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They include Idin Deeb, who immigrated to the Los Angeles area from Tehran with his parents at the age of 5. As such, the Persian food distributor knows something about the little longings of his homesick patrons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's candies and gums and prepared foods of certain brands that no one else can get quite right, \" says Deeb, \"I've had people wax poetic for 25 minutes about a gumball before.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deeb, 27, started his company, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kalamala.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Kalamala, \u003c/a>as a hobby when he was just 15 with the help of his dad, who imports olive oils from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238664199&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238664199'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was always raised with that kind of Iranian-American entrepreneurial mindset, even from a young age. There was no allowance or anything like that. You wanna buy this, how are you gonna make the money to do it?\" remembers Deeb. \"And I knew that there were Persians all throughout the U.S. who were looking for certain ingredients and items. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deeb fields regular calls from people in the Iranian diaspora desperate, after more than three decades of trade bans, for what he calls \"nostalgic foods,\" which are laden with memories of childhood and homeland. Walking through his Van Nuys warehouse, Deeb demonstrates how two sugar loaves are rubbed together over a couple during their wedding ceremony to bless them with sweetness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You see, there's a sprinkling of sugar,\" says Deeb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deeb found a local Southern California woman who makes these sugar loaves, an example of how he's had to get creative -- because of sanctions, none of his products are actually from Iran. Teas are often from India, and other products come from places as far as China. He says he's hoping that thawing relations will soon allow him to import authentic Persian foods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10802966\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-10802966\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IMG_3833-1440x960.jpg\" alt=\"Siamak Shamouilzadeh at his Ariana Rug Gallery in Los Gatos\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Siamak Shamouilzadeh at his Ariana Rug Gallery in Los Gatos \u003ccite>(Sara Hossaini)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We're hoping that once the embargo has dropped and relations have normalized a little bit,\" says Deeb, \"that this room will be filled with stuff that's all foreign labeling and been produced in \u003cspan class=\"il\">Iran.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the idea of Persian Cheetos doesn't quicken your pulse, perhaps Persian caviar, \u003ca href=\"http://www.najmiehskitchen.com/pdf/FoodofLife_2012_FishFreshHerbs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">pistachios, saffron or the sweet-sour barberry\u003c/a>? That could be just the start, says Deeb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the embargo, he says, there's been an explosion when it comes to literacy around foreign cuisine. A foodie at heart, he's most eager to see the flavors he loves make their mark here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm really, really excited to see great Western chefs get their hands on traditional Iranian ingredients that have been used for thousands of years,\" says Deeb.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/california-immigrants-at-work\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ImmShift375.jpg\">\u003c/a>\n\u003ch3>Stories from Immigrant Shift: The Changing California Workforce\u003c/h3>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>While Deeb could have his way relatively soon, sanctions expert Sam Cutler of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ferrariassociatespc.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Ferrari and Associates \u003c/a>in Washington, D.C., says the trade opening is still very narrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's very little actually changing if you're inside the United States,\" says Cutler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cutler warns that most transactions between the U.S. and Iran -- whether business or personal -- will still be banned. That means people can still get in trouble for shipping products with possible military uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You've seen over the past couple of years a number of prosecutions of individuals for shipping items to Iran that may not be thought to be sensitive,\" says Cutler, \"like MRI coils or air-conditioning equipment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cutler says the U.S. will lift sanctions only around foreign subsidiaries, commercial airplane parts, food and carpets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siamak Shamouilzadeh has been in that business for three decades. He shows off one of his favorite pieces in his Ariana Rug Gallery in Los Gatos, a Kashan from the 1880s. While he says traditional rugs like these have fallen out of favor with Americans, he’s confident of their enduring value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As far as rugs go, Persian rugs are amongst the very best in the world,\" says Shamouilzadeh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With craft culture all the rage these days, Shamouilzadeh is optimistic about a comeback for handmade Persian rugs. He still has connections to rug makers in Iran, and hopes that once the trade ban is lifted, he can travel back and forth to commission rugs for American clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[They could] focus on the type of pattern and designs and colors that would be more usable in this country and, in that manner, expand production,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Shamouilzadeh is looking forward to his own business opportunities, he says he's even more hopeful that increased trade will help make lives easier for people back in Iran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people share that sentiment, says attorney Nazy Fahimi of the Persian community organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.parsequalitycenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pars Equality Center\u003c/a>. But she advises people to consult a lawyer before doing any business in Iran. (The Treasury Department has a mind-bogglingly detailed informational page about Iran sanctions \u003ca href=\"https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Pages/iran.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">here.\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The majority of folks that we talk to are very excited about this deal,\" says Fahimi. \"But unfortunately, and what we're most concerned about, is that they might be overly eager.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center is currently hosting an ongoing series of \u003ca href=\"http://www.parsequalitycenter.org/events/\" target=\"_blank\">seminars\u003c/a> to teach the Iranian community what it can -- and still can't -- do if the embargo lifts.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>At her apartment in East Oakland, Rawaa Kasedah, 37, fries almonds in a deep pan. She adds them to the chickpea, pita bread and yogurt dish she is preparing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s called fatteh hummus,” she says in Arabic. Her husband, Mohammad Rawoas, and their four children fill their plates with boiled eggs, olives and baba ghanoush already on the table. The meal is the “perfect Syrian breakfast,” they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The six members of the Rawoas family arrived in the U.S. nine months ago as refugees. They are among the roughly 260 Syrian refugees who have been resettled in California since March 2011, when Syria’s civil war began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238517553″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Paris attacks last month sparked a controversy in the United States over whether to admit more Syrian refugees, and the resettlement program has come under fire from mostly Republican lawmakers and elected officials. In unconfirmed reports, one of the gunmen in Paris was alleged to have entered Europe by posing as a refugee with a Syrian passport, which authorities now recognize as fake, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/11/17/were-syrian-refugees-involved-in-the-paris-attacks-what-we-know-and-dont-know/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington Post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Syria’s civil war has forced over \u003ca href=\"http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4.3 million people\u003c/a> to register as refugees in asylum countries such as Egypt and Jordan, according to the United Nations The U.S. has admitted just \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrapsnet.org/Reports/InteractiveReporting/tabid/393/Default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2,310\u003c/a> since the conflict began, significantly fewer than countries like Germany and Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the suburb of Damascus where the Rawoas family lived, Mohammed Rawoas owned and managed a clothing factory. He had to lay off all 50 employees when the area turned into a war zone. Three of Rawaa Kasedah’s cousins were arrested and disappeared. Tanks rolled on the streets and sniper fire flew into the Rawoas home. Many of their neighbors were killed during bombings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would see dead bodies on the streets,” Rawoas, 47, says in Arabic. “Sometimes gunfire would start on the street and I’d be trapped in my car. I would just say my prayers and prepare to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family fled to Jordan. First it was a temporary haven but, as they realized the conflict was not subsiding, they applied to the U.N. for refugee status. Obtaining it took more than a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family underwent background checks by agencies like Homeland Security and the FBI. There were fingerprints, iris scans and multiple interviews of each parent and child by U.N. and American officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(For a White House infographic of the screening process for refugee entry into the U.S. click \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2015/11/20/infographic-screening-process-refugee-entry-united-states\">here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10799643\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10799643 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Mohammed Rawoas, 10, plays in his family's Oakland apartment with a cat he adopted and called Simbad.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1469\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-400x306.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-800x612.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-768x588.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-1440x1102.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-1180x903.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-960x735.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mohamad Rawoas, 10, plays in his family’s Oakland apartment with Simbad, a cat he recently adopted. Mohamad attends fourth grade at a public school. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government screens Syrian refugees more thoroughly than almost anyone else applying to come into this country, and that process that can take years. That’s one reason that fears of Syrian refugees are misplaced, says Kate Jastram, a UC Berkeley law professor who has worked on refugee issues for over 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not very likely that the enterprising terrorist is going to want to take that route to get to the U.S.,” says Jastram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, governors of 31 states said in November that they object to admitting Syrian refugees. Officials in Texas sued the federal government to keep new refugee families out of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a much less welcoming environment than just a few months ago, when images of a drowned 3-year-old boy lying on a Turkish beach galvanized public attention to the plight of Syrians fleeing the war, says Karen Ferguson, executive director of the International Rescue Committee of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s been interesting is watching the country really swing as a pendulum,” says Ferguson. “There was such incredible compassion and swelling up of people’s understanding of the plight of Syrian refugees. And then, unfortunately, the natural reaction of panic and fear that came with the Paris attacks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the aftermath of the Paris and San Bernardino attacks, fears of terrorism have increased in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Council on American-Islamic Relations says that anti-Muslim hate crimes have spiked nationwide in recent weeks. The organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.cair.com/press-center/press-releases/13309-cair-calls-for-condemnation-of-spike-in-anti-muslim-hate-crimes-during-tonight-s-gop-debate.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">attributes\u003c/a> these incidents in part to rhetoric by presidential candidate Donald Trump, who called for a ban on Muslims entering the U.S. “until our country’s representatives can figure out what’s going on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of their cultural orientation classes, Ferguson’s resettlement agency is now telling Syrian and Muslim refugees about how to handle potential aggression here in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So if they experience something, to know that they don’t have to respond and that they can bring that to the attention of their community members or the police,” says Ferguson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10799645\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10799645 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Ghaidaa Mousabacha visits with the Rawoas. Mousabacha volunteers to help Syrian refugee families in the East Bay with translations and other support.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ghaidaa Mousabacha, from San Jose, visits with the Rawoas family. Mousabacha volunteers to help the Rawoas family and another Syrian refugee family in Oakland with translations and other support. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Syrian-American Ghaidaa Mousabacha, a middle school teacher from San Jose, has been helping refugee families like the Rawoases navigate life in their new home. Mousabacha admits that some members of her community are a little worried about extra scrutiny by airport security, or unfriendly looks from strangers. But Mousabacha says she has actually felt a lot of support recently from co-workers and even strangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went to a church yesterday and I attended a choir celebration for Christmas,” she says. “And people who knew that I was Syrian, they all hugged me … and I felt that they cared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the Rawoas family say they haven’t felt any discrimination either. Mostly they are just trying to adapt to a whole new language and culture. Mohammad Rawoas has found work as a delivery driver. Money is tight, but the family is finding a sense of community through the local mosque and through other Syrian immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three younger kids, Batool, Bayan and Mohamad, are in school, and Hanan, the oldest, is studying English and working to continue her college education to become a pharmacist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On Tuesday and Thursday I take a health care program and I prepare for the pharmacy technician examination board,” Hanan says in English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her father, Mohammad Rawoas, believes Americans who still mistrust Syrians should get to know his family so they can change their minds. Rawoas says the governor of Texas, Greg Abbott — who sued to bar Syrian refugees — would be welcome to come to his home for a Syrian brunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will host him for the whole day, from morning to night,” says Rawoas with a smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his wife hope their relatives still living in war-torn Syria might eventually gain refugee status here as well.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At her apartment in East Oakland, Rawaa Kasedah, 37, fries almonds in a deep pan. She adds them to the chickpea, pita bread and yogurt dish she is preparing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s called fatteh hummus,” she says in Arabic. Her husband, Mohammad Rawoas, and their four children fill their plates with boiled eggs, olives and baba ghanoush already on the table. The meal is the “perfect Syrian breakfast,” they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The six members of the Rawoas family arrived in the U.S. nine months ago as refugees. They are among the roughly 260 Syrian refugees who have been resettled in California since March 2011, when Syria’s civil war began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238517553″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238517553″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Paris attacks last month sparked a controversy in the United States over whether to admit more Syrian refugees, and the resettlement program has come under fire from mostly Republican lawmakers and elected officials. In unconfirmed reports, one of the gunmen in Paris was alleged to have entered Europe by posing as a refugee with a Syrian passport, which authorities now recognize as fake, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/11/17/were-syrian-refugees-involved-in-the-paris-attacks-what-we-know-and-dont-know/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington Post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Syria’s civil war has forced over \u003ca href=\"http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4.3 million people\u003c/a> to register as refugees in asylum countries such as Egypt and Jordan, according to the United Nations The U.S. has admitted just \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrapsnet.org/Reports/InteractiveReporting/tabid/393/Default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2,310\u003c/a> since the conflict began, significantly fewer than countries like Germany and Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the suburb of Damascus where the Rawoas family lived, Mohammed Rawoas owned and managed a clothing factory. He had to lay off all 50 employees when the area turned into a war zone. Three of Rawaa Kasedah’s cousins were arrested and disappeared. Tanks rolled on the streets and sniper fire flew into the Rawoas home. Many of their neighbors were killed during bombings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would see dead bodies on the streets,” Rawoas, 47, says in Arabic. “Sometimes gunfire would start on the street and I’d be trapped in my car. I would just say my prayers and prepare to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family fled to Jordan. First it was a temporary haven but, as they realized the conflict was not subsiding, they applied to the U.N. for refugee status. Obtaining it took more than a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family underwent background checks by agencies like Homeland Security and the FBI. There were fingerprints, iris scans and multiple interviews of each parent and child by U.N. and American officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(For a White House infographic of the screening process for refugee entry into the U.S. click \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2015/11/20/infographic-screening-process-refugee-entry-united-states\">here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10799643\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10799643 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Mohammed Rawoas, 10, plays in his family's Oakland apartment with a cat he adopted and called Simbad.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1469\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-400x306.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-800x612.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-768x588.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-1440x1102.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-1180x903.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17869_IMG_9337_edited-qut-960x735.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mohamad Rawoas, 10, plays in his family’s Oakland apartment with Simbad, a cat he recently adopted. Mohamad attends fourth grade at a public school. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government screens Syrian refugees more thoroughly than almost anyone else applying to come into this country, and that process that can take years. That’s one reason that fears of Syrian refugees are misplaced, says Kate Jastram, a UC Berkeley law professor who has worked on refugee issues for over 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not very likely that the enterprising terrorist is going to want to take that route to get to the U.S.,” says Jastram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, governors of 31 states said in November that they object to admitting Syrian refugees. Officials in Texas sued the federal government to keep new refugee families out of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a much less welcoming environment than just a few months ago, when images of a drowned 3-year-old boy lying on a Turkish beach galvanized public attention to the plight of Syrians fleeing the war, says Karen Ferguson, executive director of the International Rescue Committee of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s been interesting is watching the country really swing as a pendulum,” says Ferguson. “There was such incredible compassion and swelling up of people’s understanding of the plight of Syrian refugees. And then, unfortunately, the natural reaction of panic and fear that came with the Paris attacks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the aftermath of the Paris and San Bernardino attacks, fears of terrorism have increased in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Council on American-Islamic Relations says that anti-Muslim hate crimes have spiked nationwide in recent weeks. The organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.cair.com/press-center/press-releases/13309-cair-calls-for-condemnation-of-spike-in-anti-muslim-hate-crimes-during-tonight-s-gop-debate.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">attributes\u003c/a> these incidents in part to rhetoric by presidential candidate Donald Trump, who called for a ban on Muslims entering the U.S. “until our country’s representatives can figure out what’s going on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of their cultural orientation classes, Ferguson’s resettlement agency is now telling Syrian and Muslim refugees about how to handle potential aggression here in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So if they experience something, to know that they don’t have to respond and that they can bring that to the attention of their community members or the police,” says Ferguson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10799645\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10799645 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Ghaidaa Mousabacha visits with the Rawoas. Mousabacha volunteers to help Syrian refugee families in the East Bay with translations and other support.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/RS17870_IMG_9342.JPG-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ghaidaa Mousabacha, from San Jose, visits with the Rawoas family. Mousabacha volunteers to help the Rawoas family and another Syrian refugee family in Oakland with translations and other support. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Syrian-American Ghaidaa Mousabacha, a middle school teacher from San Jose, has been helping refugee families like the Rawoases navigate life in their new home. Mousabacha admits that some members of her community are a little worried about extra scrutiny by airport security, or unfriendly looks from strangers. But Mousabacha says she has actually felt a lot of support recently from co-workers and even strangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I went to a church yesterday and I attended a choir celebration for Christmas,” she says. “And people who knew that I was Syrian, they all hugged me … and I felt that they cared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the Rawoas family say they haven’t felt any discrimination either. Mostly they are just trying to adapt to a whole new language and culture. Mohammad Rawoas has found work as a delivery driver. Money is tight, but the family is finding a sense of community through the local mosque and through other Syrian immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three younger kids, Batool, Bayan and Mohamad, are in school, and Hanan, the oldest, is studying English and working to continue her college education to become a pharmacist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On Tuesday and Thursday I take a health care program and I prepare for the pharmacy technician examination board,” Hanan says in English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her father, Mohammad Rawoas, believes Americans who still mistrust Syrians should get to know his family so they can change their minds. Rawoas says the governor of Texas, Greg Abbott — who sued to bar Syrian refugees — would be welcome to come to his home for a Syrian brunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will host him for the whole day, from morning to night,” says Rawoas with a smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his wife hope their relatives still living in war-torn Syria might eventually gain refugee status here as well.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Oakland Teachers Struggle to Get Help for Kids Fleeing Violence",
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"content": "\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors fleeing violence in Central America are still arriving to live with family members or guardians in communities across California, while they wait for their court dates to find out if they can stay in this country. In fact, the numbers of children being detained at the U.S.-Mexico border \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-border-unaccompanied-children/fy-2016\">has more than doubled in October and November\u003c/a> compared with a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Los Angeles County has the largest number of these kids, and Alameda County is next. A steady stream of newcomers in Oakland has now filled all four of the school district's high school newcomer programs to capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her first-period ethnic studies class for newcomers, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/castlemont\">Castlemont High School\u003c/a> teacher Carrie Haslanger goes over how to communicate feelings in English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Scared. \u003cem>Repítelo\u003c/em>: scared,\" she says. The class repeats the word. \"Very good. ¿\u003cem>Y cómo se dice poderoso en ingles?\u003c/em> Powerful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238197385\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 10 students in this class, eight arrived just last week, from Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. For the other two, it's their very first day. Then, halfway through the class, three more students show up. Haslanger receives them with a smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, more students, great! \u003cem>Bienvenidos,\"\u003c/em> she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Close to 500 Central American students seeking refuge enrolled in Oakland schools since the district started tracking them in June 2013. The newcomer program at Castlemont High School was set up just this year, because three other high schools with newcomer programs were full. The district expected 100 new arrivals to enroll at Castlemont throughout the year, but the program was at capacity before winter break. Oakland Unified just announced four new teacher positions for newcomers and is looking at where to enroll new high school students who arrive in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being able to go to school in Oakland is a relief for some students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I stopped going to school for a year in Honduras because the gangs would wait outside and kidnap people,\" says one teenage girl, in Spanish, at her attorney's office at \u003ca href=\"http://centrolegal.org/\">Centro Legal de la Raza\u003c/a>. Her attorney asked not to disclose her name or school because her asylum case is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she was afraid in Honduras because girls with light-brown hair were being targeted by gangs. \"They say only the women in the gangs can have light hair,\" she says, \"so they rape girls and kill them. They put rocks in their intimate parts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers are having to learn fast how to teach kids English and subject content at the same time, and how to support children with extremely high levels of trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason I teach emotion words in the beginning is, in ethnic studies, we work to make sure all stories are told. And I start by saying the most important story is yours,\" says Carrie Haslanger. \"So giving them the first six words you saw today, happy, sad, angry, powerful, and then expanding the wheel so they're able to say depressed, blessed, optimistic, energetic. And from there we'll go into learning about ethnicity and race and class and gender. But first, that’s too much when you don't know how to say good morning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10799606\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10799606 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland teacher Carrie Haslanger is works hard to provide emotional and academic support to her newcomer students at Castlemont High School.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland teacher Carrie Haslanger works hard to provide emotional and academic support to her newcomer students at Castlemont High School. \u003ccite>(Zaidee Stavely/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Haslanger coordinates the newcomer program at Castlemont. Most of her students start in ninth grade, even if they are 16 or 17 when they arrive, since they don’t usually have credits they can transfer to high school. They take P.E. and music with other students, and they take five classes as a cohort. Teachers have to adapt these classes so they can teach English at the same time as algebra, science and computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's just one of the challenges teachers face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These students are fleeing a level of violence that I don’t know we can really comprehend in this country,\" says Haslanger. \"Two students I’m working with right now, one of them has seen massacres [of people] by the government ... in front of his eyes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That kind of trauma affects kids’ ability to learn and the way they react in the classroom. Haslanger says teachers get an hour and a half of training on how to teach English learners once a month, and they receive some training in teaching children who have experienced trauma, but she says it's not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When a teacher raises their voice at a young person and yells at them, that kid who has experienced trauma, sometimes they won't react, but the ones I’m working with are becoming defiant and angry and acting out,\" she says. Haslanger wants to see more training for teachers and translators for newcomers, as well as more after-school programs and mental health therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the height of the national media's attention to the children fleeing violence in Central America, Oakland Unified used private funds to hire a coordinator, Ariana Flores, to refer students to legal help and coordinate mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost every day, Flores can be found helping enroll students in school, handing out backpacks and Spanish-English dictionaries. Flores has referred hundreds of kids to free legal help, partially paid for by the city of Oakland, and she works hard to get them mental health services through community organizations that partner with the district. Alameda County set aside money for school-based mental health providers to bill for these services, since these students don't have health insurance. Still, there's a huge need for more Spanish-speaking therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re going to keep getting kids all year round, and on any given day a child can lose their housing, or can be triggered to a point where these emotions they’ve been tamping down for months come to a head,\" says Flores. \"It becomes this really difficult game of, all right, we’ve got three spots left and, you know, we’ve got six kids. This one kid is crying uncontrollably in class, this other kid is getting into fights. And which three do we choose?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That question could become a lot trickier in coming months, as school districts like Oakland begin to enroll some of the thousands of kids now being detained on the border.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors fleeing violence in Central America are still arriving to live with family members or guardians in communities across California, while they wait for their court dates to find out if they can stay in this country. In fact, the numbers of children being detained at the U.S.-Mexico border \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-border-unaccompanied-children/fy-2016\">has more than doubled in October and November\u003c/a> compared with a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Los Angeles County has the largest number of these kids, and Alameda County is next. A steady stream of newcomers in Oakland has now filled all four of the school district's high school newcomer programs to capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her first-period ethnic studies class for newcomers, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ousd.org/castlemont\">Castlemont High School\u003c/a> teacher Carrie Haslanger goes over how to communicate feelings in English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Scared. \u003cem>Repítelo\u003c/em>: scared,\" she says. The class repeats the word. \"Very good. ¿\u003cem>Y cómo se dice poderoso en ingles?\u003c/em> Powerful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238197385&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238197385'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 10 students in this class, eight arrived just last week, from Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. For the other two, it's their very first day. Then, halfway through the class, three more students show up. Haslanger receives them with a smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, more students, great! \u003cem>Bienvenidos,\"\u003c/em> she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Close to 500 Central American students seeking refuge enrolled in Oakland schools since the district started tracking them in June 2013. The newcomer program at Castlemont High School was set up just this year, because three other high schools with newcomer programs were full. The district expected 100 new arrivals to enroll at Castlemont throughout the year, but the program was at capacity before winter break. Oakland Unified just announced four new teacher positions for newcomers and is looking at where to enroll new high school students who arrive in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being able to go to school in Oakland is a relief for some students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I stopped going to school for a year in Honduras because the gangs would wait outside and kidnap people,\" says one teenage girl, in Spanish, at her attorney's office at \u003ca href=\"http://centrolegal.org/\">Centro Legal de la Raza\u003c/a>. Her attorney asked not to disclose her name or school because her asylum case is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she was afraid in Honduras because girls with light-brown hair were being targeted by gangs. \"They say only the women in the gangs can have light hair,\" she says, \"so they rape girls and kill them. They put rocks in their intimate parts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers are having to learn fast how to teach kids English and subject content at the same time, and how to support children with extremely high levels of trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason I teach emotion words in the beginning is, in ethnic studies, we work to make sure all stories are told. And I start by saying the most important story is yours,\" says Carrie Haslanger. \"So giving them the first six words you saw today, happy, sad, angry, powerful, and then expanding the wheel so they're able to say depressed, blessed, optimistic, energetic. And from there we'll go into learning about ethnicity and race and class and gender. But first, that’s too much when you don't know how to say good morning.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10799606\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10799606 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Oakland teacher Carrie Haslanger is works hard to provide emotional and academic support to her newcomer students at Castlemont High School.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Haslanger-closeup-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oakland teacher Carrie Haslanger works hard to provide emotional and academic support to her newcomer students at Castlemont High School. \u003ccite>(Zaidee Stavely/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Haslanger coordinates the newcomer program at Castlemont. Most of her students start in ninth grade, even if they are 16 or 17 when they arrive, since they don’t usually have credits they can transfer to high school. They take P.E. and music with other students, and they take five classes as a cohort. Teachers have to adapt these classes so they can teach English at the same time as algebra, science and computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's just one of the challenges teachers face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These students are fleeing a level of violence that I don’t know we can really comprehend in this country,\" says Haslanger. \"Two students I’m working with right now, one of them has seen massacres [of people] by the government ... in front of his eyes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That kind of trauma affects kids’ ability to learn and the way they react in the classroom. Haslanger says teachers get an hour and a half of training on how to teach English learners once a month, and they receive some training in teaching children who have experienced trauma, but she says it's not enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When a teacher raises their voice at a young person and yells at them, that kid who has experienced trauma, sometimes they won't react, but the ones I’m working with are becoming defiant and angry and acting out,\" she says. Haslanger wants to see more training for teachers and translators for newcomers, as well as more after-school programs and mental health therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the height of the national media's attention to the children fleeing violence in Central America, Oakland Unified used private funds to hire a coordinator, Ariana Flores, to refer students to legal help and coordinate mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost every day, Flores can be found helping enroll students in school, handing out backpacks and Spanish-English dictionaries. Flores has referred hundreds of kids to free legal help, partially paid for by the city of Oakland, and she works hard to get them mental health services through community organizations that partner with the district. Alameda County set aside money for school-based mental health providers to bill for these services, since these students don't have health insurance. Still, there's a huge need for more Spanish-speaking therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re going to keep getting kids all year round, and on any given day a child can lose their housing, or can be triggered to a point where these emotions they’ve been tamping down for months come to a head,\" says Flores. \"It becomes this really difficult game of, all right, we’ve got three spots left and, you know, we’ve got six kids. This one kid is crying uncontrollably in class, this other kid is getting into fights. And which three do we choose?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That question could become a lot trickier in coming months, as school districts like Oakland begin to enroll some of the thousands of kids now being detained on the border.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Jose and Mr. Ramos: A Top Student Faces Uncertain Future Due to Immigration Status",
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"headTitle": "Immigrant Shift: The Changing California Workforce | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Oscar Ramos teaches third grade at Sherwood Elementary School in Salinas. Many of his students are immigrants, children of migrant farmers who work long hours in the field, from sunup to sundown. They live in cramped apartments in neighborhoods plagued by gang violence. Many of them have never been to the beach, even though it’s only 20 minutes away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos can relate. His parents were also migrant workers who brought him to the United States at a young age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the face of his students’ struggles, Ramos gives them access to a world that often seems beyond their reach. He is proof that education can improve their lives and help secure their families’ futures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10798492\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10798492 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-1440x810.jpg\" alt=\"Third grade teacher Oscar Ramos works with his former student Jose Ansaldo. (Courtesy ITVS) \" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Third-grade teacher Oscar Ramos works with his former student Jose Ansaldo. (Courtesy ITVS) \u003ccite>(Courtesy ITVS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But for one of his best students, Ramos' guidance and dedication might not be enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jose Ansaldo is full of energy, smarts and potential. He excels in math despite having moved between seven different schools in three years before ending up in Ramos’ class at Sherwood Elementary several years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jose is also undocumented. He was born in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many migrant children, as Jose grows older he is beginning to understand the situation he faces — and the opportunities that may be lost to him because of his undocumented status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new documentary, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/east-of-salinas/\" target=\"_blank\">\"East of Salinas,\"\u003c/a> follows Jose and his teacher Mr. Ramos over three years, demonstrating the cruelty of circumstance that touches on the futures of millions of undocumented kids in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/east-of-salinas/.\" target=\"_blank\">\"East of Salinas,\"\u003c/a> directed by Laura Pacheco and Jackie Mow, airs nationally on PBS' Independent Lens on Monday, Dec. 28, at 10 p.m., and locally on KQED on Monday, Jan. 18, at 10 p.m. The above video is a short version of the full-length documentary.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For more information about the film visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/east-of-salinas/\" target=\"_blank\">Independent Lens.\u003c/a> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Oscar Ramos teaches third grade at Sherwood Elementary School in Salinas. Many of his students are immigrants, children of migrant farmers who work long hours in the field, from sunup to sundown. They live in cramped apartments in neighborhoods plagued by gang violence. Many of them have never been to the beach, even though it’s only 20 minutes away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos can relate. His parents were also migrant workers who brought him to the United States at a young age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the face of his students’ struggles, Ramos gives them access to a world that often seems beyond their reach. He is proof that education can improve their lives and help secure their families’ futures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10798492\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10798492 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-1440x810.jpg\" alt=\"Third grade teacher Oscar Ramos works with his former student Jose Ansaldo. (Courtesy ITVS) \" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/jorgeandmrramos-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Third-grade teacher Oscar Ramos works with his former student Jose Ansaldo. (Courtesy ITVS) \u003ccite>(Courtesy ITVS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But for one of his best students, Ramos' guidance and dedication might not be enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jose Ansaldo is full of energy, smarts and potential. He excels in math despite having moved between seven different schools in three years before ending up in Ramos’ class at Sherwood Elementary several years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jose is also undocumented. He was born in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many migrant children, as Jose grows older he is beginning to understand the situation he faces — and the opportunities that may be lost to him because of his undocumented status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new documentary, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/east-of-salinas/\" target=\"_blank\">\"East of Salinas,\"\u003c/a> follows Jose and his teacher Mr. Ramos over three years, demonstrating the cruelty of circumstance that touches on the futures of millions of undocumented kids in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/east-of-salinas/.\" target=\"_blank\">\"East of Salinas,\"\u003c/a> directed by Laura Pacheco and Jackie Mow, airs nationally on PBS' Independent Lens on Monday, Dec. 28, at 10 p.m., and locally on KQED on Monday, Jan. 18, at 10 p.m. The above video is a short version of the full-length documentary.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For more information about the film visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/east-of-salinas/\" target=\"_blank\">Independent Lens.\u003c/a> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Torn From Their Homeland, Bay Area Assyrians Yearn for Persecution to End",
"title": "Torn From Their Homeland, Bay Area Assyrians Yearn for Persecution to End",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>On a recent Sunday morning inside Mar Yosip Assyrian Church of the East in San Jose, sunbeams slant through clouds of incense smoke onto the face of the Rev. Lawrance Namato as he leads his congregation in a liturgy nearly 2,000 years old. The suited men and veiled women in the pews — nearly all of them Assyrian — join in the ancient chants as they pray for peace and resolution to a crisis both historic and modern: the persecution of their brothers and sisters in the Middle East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indigenous to northern Iraq, Assyrians have lived in the region for more than 6,000 years. They converted as a people to Christianity in the first century A.D. and are one of the oldest continuous Christian communities in the world. But in the past century, violence and religious persecution have escalated, forcing most of them to seek safety in other countries. Some 10,000 now reside in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the rise of the self-described Islamic State, they now risk vanishing from their homeland altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is that “the Christians have nowhere to go,” said Namato, whose family fled Kirkuk, Iraq, when he was 14 as former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein rose to power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p2LUkoEgF8A\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the parishioners at Mar Yosip are from Iraq or Iran, although a few are from Syria and other countries in the Middle East. Many in the community still have family in the Middle East: some who have remained by choice, others who are caught in the limbo of refugee camps as they await a chance at a new life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the rise of the Islamic State, Assyrians in the Bay Area have tried multiple avenues to help their relatives in the region. Some have petitioned the State Department to more forcefully defend Christians in the Middle East. Others are urging the United States Agency for International Development to directly fund Assyrian humanitarian aid groups. And others are working to get families approved for asylum in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Before the war the Assyrians [in Syria] had a good life and they were safe. Now, they are targeted by everybody.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But many in the community feel disappointed so far in the U.S. response. And there is a deep worry that this ancient group could disappear completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We kind of feel like our life is paralyzed,” said Rochelle Yousefian, president of the Assyrian American Association of San Jose. “The government that we are so proud of living in, in the country of peace, is not taking any actions. It’s not even open to listen to these atrocities. It makes us feel hopeless; it makes us unproductive because we don’t know what to do, we don’t know how to help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The history of Assyrian Christians in the Middle East has been punctuated by periods of violent persecution. In 1915, the year Assyrians call the Seyfo — “the year of the sword” — the Ottoman Empire slaughtered as many as 300,000 Assyrians. In 2003, it was estimated that 30,000 Assyrian Christians still lived in the city of Mosul in northern Iraq. But after the Islamic State captured the city in the summer of 2014, none remain — having been either killed or forced to flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10796850\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10796850\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy.jpg\" alt=\"The Assyrian liturgy -- which has been used by the Assyrian Church of the East for nearly 2,000 years -- is printed in English and the Assyrian language.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Assyrian liturgy -- which has been used by the Assyrian Church of the East for nearly 2,000 years -- is printed in English and the Assyrian language. \u003ccite>(Kaitlyn Landgraf/Peninsula Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a genocide,” said Albert Nissan, a Mar Yosip parishioner who emigrated from Baghdad in 1975 and has family members still living there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The people who emptied Mosul of its Christians are the same people who bombed Paris,” he added, referring to the November attacks by Islamic extremists that killed 130 people and injured hundreds more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No Safety in Syria\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the United States invaded Iraq in 2003, many Assyrians sought refuge in Syria, which was comparably peaceful at the time. But they were held in U.N. refugee camps “for years,” said Namato, and when civil war broke out in Syria five years ago, some were trapped again by the violence they had hoped to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conditions for Assyrians in Syrian refugee camps are “horrible,” said Poline Maiel, a parishioner of Mar Yosip. Girls risk being kidnapped and Christians are frequently targets of violence, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever we think about [Syrian President Bashar al-] Assad, before the war the Assyrians [in Syria] had a good life and they were safe. Now, they are targeted by everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, the Islamic State captured around 230 Assyrian Christians in Syria and held them for a ransom of around $14 million. That month, Assyrian bishops in the United States called on Secretary of State John Kerry to take “concrete steps to help the remaining Assyrian Christians in the region to protect themselves.” The Islamic State released some of the sick and elderly prisoners, but continues to hold around 150 Assyrian Christian hostages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, three of the hostages were executed. One of the victims was the first cousin of a parishioner at Mar Yosip, and other family members are still being held for ransom by the Islamic State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Asylum at Last\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2014, Shamiran left her village outside Mosul with her three teenage children on temporary visitor visas to attend a family wedding and visit her parents in the Bay Area, who are parishioners at Mar Yosip. But when ISIS overtook Mosul that summer, her husband, who had remained in Iraq, told her not to return because of the security risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unable to return to Iraq, “Shamiran” — who didn’t want her real name used because of security concerns — and her children applied for asylum in the United States. In June, nearly a year after their arrival, they were granted asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10796862\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10796862 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion.jpg\" alt=\"Iraqi Assyrian Christians attend a ceremony at Saint Youhanna church in Arbil, the capital of the autonomous Kurdish region of northern Iraq on September 18, 2015.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1238\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-768x495.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-1440x929.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-960x619.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Iraqi Assyrian Christians attend a ceremony at Saint Youhanna church in Arbil, the capital of the autonomous Kurdish region of northern Iraq, on Sept. 18, 2015. \u003ccite>(SAFIN HAMED/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In broken English, Shamiran described the experience of Christians in Mosul who were forced to flee the city and have their houses marked as being inhabited by Christians. “There were many Christian families in Mosul,” she said. “They left everything in Mosul and they went. [ISIS] put Arabic letter “Nun” [on our houses]. It means Christian — “Nazarene.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shamiran’s husband’s request for asylum has also been approved, but he’s still waiting for the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad to certify his identity and complete a background check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having been in the United States for a year and a half now, Shamiran has found a job working at a grocery store, and her three children are earning A’s in Bay Area high schools. But she yearns for the day when she can be reunited with her husband. “My husband is safe now, thank God. I need for him to come here to live in peace with us to be a family again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Waiting for Visas\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the few Assyrian Christians left in the Middle East, the threat of attacks by the Islamic State makes each day more perilous. But migrating to the West has become increasingly difficult, as waves of refugees from the Middle East and North Africa pour into Europe. In the United States, fears of terrorism have prompted debates about how many — if any — refugees the United States should admit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Namato agrees that refugees to the United States should be screened carefully to prevent terrorists from being admitted to the country. “But they have to differentiate between who’s doing the killing and who’s being persecuted,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10796864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10796864\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo.jpg\" alt=\"California Rep. Anna Eshoo, the only Assyrian member of Congress.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1264\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-400x263.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-800x527.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-768x506.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-1440x948.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-1180x777.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-960x632.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Rep. Anna Eshoo, the only Assyrian member of Congress. \u003ccite>(Tom Williams/CQ Roll Call/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rep. Anna Eshoo, the only Assyrian member of Congress, serves California’s 18th Congressional District, covering parts of San Mateo, Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties. Eshoo, a Democrat whose parents are Assyrian Christians who fled persecution in the Middle East, voted in November against a House Republican bill to pause the admittance of Syrian refugees into the United States. Despite its passage by a wide majority that included many Democratic votes, Eshoo voted against the measure because it amounted to a “bureaucratic blockade for all refugee applicants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Eshoo, who is the co-chair of the Religious Minorities in the Middle East Caucus, called on President Barack Obama to do more to help Middle Eastern religious minorities like Assyrians by prioritizing additional security support for vulnerable populations, especially the ancient Christian community. Eshoo has also called on the president to designate an additional 5,000 priority refugee visas for religious minorities from the Middle East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the process, said Eshoo in a recent interview, is “very, very slow,” since the United States has a complex system of rules for granting refugee visas. Eshoo says her goal is to expedite visas for Middle East Christians, since she fears that relief might not arrive before they are “dead and gone.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Assyrians are one of the world's oldest Christian communities. But with the rise of ISIS, they now risk vanishing from their homeland altogether.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On a recent Sunday morning inside Mar Yosip Assyrian Church of the East in San Jose, sunbeams slant through clouds of incense smoke onto the face of the Rev. Lawrance Namato as he leads his congregation in a liturgy nearly 2,000 years old. The suited men and veiled women in the pews — nearly all of them Assyrian — join in the ancient chants as they pray for peace and resolution to a crisis both historic and modern: the persecution of their brothers and sisters in the Middle East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indigenous to northern Iraq, Assyrians have lived in the region for more than 6,000 years. They converted as a people to Christianity in the first century A.D. and are one of the oldest continuous Christian communities in the world. But in the past century, violence and religious persecution have escalated, forcing most of them to seek safety in other countries. Some 10,000 now reside in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the rise of the self-described Islamic State, they now risk vanishing from their homeland altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is that “the Christians have nowhere to go,” said Namato, whose family fled Kirkuk, Iraq, when he was 14 as former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein rose to power.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/p2LUkoEgF8A'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/p2LUkoEgF8A'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the parishioners at Mar Yosip are from Iraq or Iran, although a few are from Syria and other countries in the Middle East. Many in the community still have family in the Middle East: some who have remained by choice, others who are caught in the limbo of refugee camps as they await a chance at a new life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the rise of the Islamic State, Assyrians in the Bay Area have tried multiple avenues to help their relatives in the region. Some have petitioned the State Department to more forcefully defend Christians in the Middle East. Others are urging the United States Agency for International Development to directly fund Assyrian humanitarian aid groups. And others are working to get families approved for asylum in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Before the war the Assyrians [in Syria] had a good life and they were safe. Now, they are targeted by everybody.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But many in the community feel disappointed so far in the U.S. response. And there is a deep worry that this ancient group could disappear completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We kind of feel like our life is paralyzed,” said Rochelle Yousefian, president of the Assyrian American Association of San Jose. “The government that we are so proud of living in, in the country of peace, is not taking any actions. It’s not even open to listen to these atrocities. It makes us feel hopeless; it makes us unproductive because we don’t know what to do, we don’t know how to help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The history of Assyrian Christians in the Middle East has been punctuated by periods of violent persecution. In 1915, the year Assyrians call the Seyfo — “the year of the sword” — the Ottoman Empire slaughtered as many as 300,000 Assyrians. In 2003, it was estimated that 30,000 Assyrian Christians still lived in the city of Mosul in northern Iraq. But after the Islamic State captured the city in the summer of 2014, none remain — having been either killed or forced to flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10796850\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10796850\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy.jpg\" alt=\"The Assyrian liturgy -- which has been used by the Assyrian Church of the East for nearly 2,000 years -- is printed in English and the Assyrian language.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-1440x1920.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyrianLiturgy-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Assyrian liturgy -- which has been used by the Assyrian Church of the East for nearly 2,000 years -- is printed in English and the Assyrian language. \u003ccite>(Kaitlyn Landgraf/Peninsula Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a genocide,” said Albert Nissan, a Mar Yosip parishioner who emigrated from Baghdad in 1975 and has family members still living there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The people who emptied Mosul of its Christians are the same people who bombed Paris,” he added, referring to the November attacks by Islamic extremists that killed 130 people and injured hundreds more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No Safety in Syria\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the United States invaded Iraq in 2003, many Assyrians sought refuge in Syria, which was comparably peaceful at the time. But they were held in U.N. refugee camps “for years,” said Namato, and when civil war broke out in Syria five years ago, some were trapped again by the violence they had hoped to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conditions for Assyrians in Syrian refugee camps are “horrible,” said Poline Maiel, a parishioner of Mar Yosip. Girls risk being kidnapped and Christians are frequently targets of violence, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever we think about [Syrian President Bashar al-] Assad, before the war the Assyrians [in Syria] had a good life and they were safe. Now, they are targeted by everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, the Islamic State captured around 230 Assyrian Christians in Syria and held them for a ransom of around $14 million. That month, Assyrian bishops in the United States called on Secretary of State John Kerry to take “concrete steps to help the remaining Assyrian Christians in the region to protect themselves.” The Islamic State released some of the sick and elderly prisoners, but continues to hold around 150 Assyrian Christian hostages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, three of the hostages were executed. One of the victims was the first cousin of a parishioner at Mar Yosip, and other family members are still being held for ransom by the Islamic State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Asylum at Last\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2014, Shamiran left her village outside Mosul with her three teenage children on temporary visitor visas to attend a family wedding and visit her parents in the Bay Area, who are parishioners at Mar Yosip. But when ISIS overtook Mosul that summer, her husband, who had remained in Iraq, told her not to return because of the security risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unable to return to Iraq, “Shamiran” — who didn’t want her real name used because of security concerns — and her children applied for asylum in the United States. In June, nearly a year after their arrival, they were granted asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10796862\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10796862 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion.jpg\" alt=\"Iraqi Assyrian Christians attend a ceremony at Saint Youhanna church in Arbil, the capital of the autonomous Kurdish region of northern Iraq on September 18, 2015.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1238\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-768x495.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-1440x929.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AssyriansKurdishRegion-960x619.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Iraqi Assyrian Christians attend a ceremony at Saint Youhanna church in Arbil, the capital of the autonomous Kurdish region of northern Iraq, on Sept. 18, 2015. \u003ccite>(SAFIN HAMED/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In broken English, Shamiran described the experience of Christians in Mosul who were forced to flee the city and have their houses marked as being inhabited by Christians. “There were many Christian families in Mosul,” she said. “They left everything in Mosul and they went. [ISIS] put Arabic letter “Nun” [on our houses]. It means Christian — “Nazarene.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shamiran’s husband’s request for asylum has also been approved, but he’s still waiting for the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad to certify his identity and complete a background check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having been in the United States for a year and a half now, Shamiran has found a job working at a grocery store, and her three children are earning A’s in Bay Area high schools. But she yearns for the day when she can be reunited with her husband. “My husband is safe now, thank God. I need for him to come here to live in peace with us to be a family again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Waiting for Visas\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the few Assyrian Christians left in the Middle East, the threat of attacks by the Islamic State makes each day more perilous. But migrating to the West has become increasingly difficult, as waves of refugees from the Middle East and North Africa pour into Europe. In the United States, fears of terrorism have prompted debates about how many — if any — refugees the United States should admit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Namato agrees that refugees to the United States should be screened carefully to prevent terrorists from being admitted to the country. “But they have to differentiate between who’s doing the killing and who’s being persecuted,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10796864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10796864\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo.jpg\" alt=\"California Rep. Anna Eshoo, the only Assyrian member of Congress.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1264\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-400x263.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-800x527.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-768x506.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-1440x948.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-1180x777.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/AnnaEshoo-960x632.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Rep. Anna Eshoo, the only Assyrian member of Congress. \u003ccite>(Tom Williams/CQ Roll Call/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rep. Anna Eshoo, the only Assyrian member of Congress, serves California’s 18th Congressional District, covering parts of San Mateo, Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties. Eshoo, a Democrat whose parents are Assyrian Christians who fled persecution in the Middle East, voted in November against a House Republican bill to pause the admittance of Syrian refugees into the United States. Despite its passage by a wide majority that included many Democratic votes, Eshoo voted against the measure because it amounted to a “bureaucratic blockade for all refugee applicants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Eshoo, who is the co-chair of the Religious Minorities in the Middle East Caucus, called on President Barack Obama to do more to help Middle Eastern religious minorities like Assyrians by prioritizing additional security support for vulnerable populations, especially the ancient Christian community. Eshoo has also called on the president to designate an additional 5,000 priority refugee visas for religious minorities from the Middle East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the process, said Eshoo in a recent interview, is “very, very slow,” since the United States has a complex system of rules for granting refugee visas. Eshoo says her goal is to expedite visas for Middle East Christians, since she fears that relief might not arrive before they are “dead and gone.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Feds to Review Fiance Visas Going Back at Least 2 Years",
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"content": "\u003cp>Homeland Security officials confirm they’re reviewing what’s known as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.uscis.gov/family/family-us-citizens/fiancee-visa/fiancee-visas\">K-1 fiance(e) visa program\u003c/a>, used by U.S. citizens to bring over foreign brides and grooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the United States granted 35,925 K-1 visas; one bride arriving on the K-1 that year was \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/12/07/56013/san-bernardino-shooting-what-we-know-about-shooter/\">Tashfeen Malik, who with her husband shot and killed 14 people\u003c/a> in San Bernardino last week. Malik, a native of Pakistan, entered the U.S. in July of that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"U04KtXcnl8EbiWuGEnvq0S5MEShuqpJQ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services director Leon Rodriguez told the House Judiciary Committee that his agency \u003ca href=\"http://judiciary.house.gov/index.cfm/hearings?ID=DEA0F8AB-4CB9-4C09-B8F4-CA562C6BCA86\">is reviewing the program, along with all recently approved fiance(e) visas\u003c/a>. From a \u003ca href=\"http://judiciary.house.gov/index.cfm/hearings?ID=DEA0F8AB-4CB9-4C09-B8F4-CA562C6BCA86\">transcript\u003c/a> of Rodriguez's statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The president and secretary have both directed USCIS to review both the K-1 visa program as a whole, which we are in the process of doing right now, but also to do a retrospective look at cases approved in recent years under the K-1 visa program. We are fully along in conducting that effort.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>A USCIS spokesman said retroactive case reviews will go back at least to December 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his statement to the committee, Rodriguez said the agency would look for security flaws in other visa programs as well: \"So while we are focusing on the K-1 today, I want to make clear to the committee, and importantly also to the public, that our focus will be across all lines of business to ensure that bad guys do not gain admission to the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/12/11/56171/feds-to-review-fiance-visas-going-back-at-least-tw/\" target=\"_blank\">Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Homeland Security officials confirm they’re reviewing what’s known as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.uscis.gov/family/family-us-citizens/fiancee-visa/fiancee-visas\">K-1 fiance(e) visa program\u003c/a>, used by U.S. citizens to bring over foreign brides and grooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the United States granted 35,925 K-1 visas; one bride arriving on the K-1 that year was \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/12/07/56013/san-bernardino-shooting-what-we-know-about-shooter/\">Tashfeen Malik, who with her husband shot and killed 14 people\u003c/a> in San Bernardino last week. Malik, a native of Pakistan, entered the U.S. in July of that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services director Leon Rodriguez told the House Judiciary Committee that his agency \u003ca href=\"http://judiciary.house.gov/index.cfm/hearings?ID=DEA0F8AB-4CB9-4C09-B8F4-CA562C6BCA86\">is reviewing the program, along with all recently approved fiance(e) visas\u003c/a>. From a \u003ca href=\"http://judiciary.house.gov/index.cfm/hearings?ID=DEA0F8AB-4CB9-4C09-B8F4-CA562C6BCA86\">transcript\u003c/a> of Rodriguez's statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The president and secretary have both directed USCIS to review both the K-1 visa program as a whole, which we are in the process of doing right now, but also to do a retrospective look at cases approved in recent years under the K-1 visa program. We are fully along in conducting that effort.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>A USCIS spokesman said retroactive case reviews will go back at least to December 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his statement to the committee, Rodriguez said the agency would look for security flaws in other visa programs as well: \"So while we are focusing on the K-1 today, I want to make clear to the committee, and importantly also to the public, that our focus will be across all lines of business to ensure that bad guys do not gain admission to the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/12/11/56171/feds-to-review-fiance-visas-going-back-at-least-tw/\" target=\"_blank\">Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Tuesday heard an elections case that could dramatically change the way state legislative districts are drawn and could tilt some states in a decidedly more Republican direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal Constitution is clear. The House of Representatives is to be apportioned based on the total population in each congressional district, and the census is to count each person, whether eligible to vote or not, so that all are represented. The status of state legislative districts, however, is less clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until 1964, state legislative districts often varied wildly in population. In Alabama, for instance, the population variances between two state Senate districts was 41-1. In a landmark 1964 decision, the Supreme Court struck down the Alabama redistricting and ruled by an 8-1 vote that the 14th Amendment's guarantee of equal protection mandates the principle of \"one person, one vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Outcome could impact political clout of Latinos in California\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/236666632\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But what does that mean? Does it mean that the total population of state legislative districts should be equal, or does it mean the number of eligible voters in the districts should be equal, or the number of registered voters?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court has never specifically answered that question, but virtually all the states now draw lines for their legislative districts based on equality of total population, not eligible or registered voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Should that change, it would mean that children, and immigrants, both legal and illegal, and other groups would be excluded from the population count when state legislative districts are drawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit before the Supreme Court seeks to do just that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Texas voters are challenging the 2010 Texas reapportionment as unconstitutional because it created 31 state Senate districts to be as equal as possible in total population. The challengers claim that the correct constitutional metric should be eligible voters, not total population. Using that standard, they say that the Texas Senate map gives them roughly 50 percent less voting power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://www.npr.org/player/embed/458795687/458887885\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sue Evenwel, a member of the Texas State Republican Executive Committee, is the lead plaintiff. She notes, for instance, that her mainly rural district has 584,000 citizens eligible to vote, while a neighboring rural district, equal in total population, has only 372,000 eligible voters. Evenwel argues that the Texas districting scheme violates the \"one person, one vote\" principle because her vote has less weight relative to a person in a neighboring district with fewer eligible voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Republican-dominated Texas government nonetheless defends total population as the best and most reliable means of ensuring equality in representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The federal census data right now doesn't ask for citizenship,\" notes Texas Solicitor General Scott Keller. \"So, we are using the best data set available.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"hiQSuIsKsIscvRrFQ3SdJKMOL4fgardW\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keller maintains that under previous Supreme Court rulings, the state can choose which population it is seeking to equalize, as long as it is not targeting one group for discrimination. \"Texas, like every other state, has used total population for decades,\" he observes, adding that \"there has been no claim that there's been unfair representation or our system of democracy has been undermined.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge to the Texas redistricting has been coordinated by conservative activist Edward Blum. Some have called him the \"mastermind\" behind a series of cases that have successfully challenged long-established civil rights principles. Two years ago, Blum and a small cadre of lawyers succeeded in gutting a key portion of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. This week he has two more cases before the high court: the legislative districting case and another case he spearheaded, also from Texas, challenging affirmative action programs in state college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blum used to be quite open about his work, but he is no longer talking to broadcasters, he says, because he isn't good at it. The lawyers arguing the cases are not talking either. So we turned to Ilya Shapiro, a senior fellow at the conservative and libertarian Cato Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you have a situation where one person's vote is effectively worth half of what another person's vote is in the neighboring district, that, I think, is a problem,\" Shapiro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shapiro points to Utah, a state with a high birthrate, as an example of a state that has greater representation for rural districts with lots of children, than for the urban and \"more hipster\" district that includes the city of Salt Lake. But ultimately, he tracks the disparities between total population and eligible voters to the immigrant population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last half century, he says, total population has generally tracked eligible voting population. The late 1960s and early 1970s represented the \"lowest foreign-born population in this country that we've had in at least the last hundred years or so,\" Shapiro adds. \"And now, we're approaching the highest again, so that's why you have this disparity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shapiro, who wrote a brief siding with the challengers in this case, contends that the Constitution is based on voter equality and not population equality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But David Gans, of the liberal-leaning Constitutional Accountability Center, co-authored a contrary brief, noting that when Congress debated and passed the 14th Amendment following the Civil War, the fight was over who should be covered by the equal protection guarantee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one side were those making the same argument that the challengers are in this case, he says, namely that \"representation should be based on number of voters.\" Had that view prevailed, he notes, it \"would have excluded women; it would have excluded aliens; it would have excluded children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he continues, that view did not prevail; it was repeatedly voted down by the House and Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The theory that the framers of the 14th Amendment adopted was to include everyone in the population so as to ensure \"that everyone's voices are accounted for in representation,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is one other aspect of this case: the pragmatic difficulty of creating districts of equal numbers of voters when those numbers are not compiled anywhere, when voting rolls are notoriously inaccurate, fluctuating and unpurged, and when people age into the voting population every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A brief filed by five demographers contends that it could be done, using a tried-and-true Census Bureau sampling technique instead of actual enumeration. But a brief filed by former Census Bureau chiefs from both Republican and Democratic administrations says that adequate data for a citizen-only, eligible-voter population count simply does not exist now, nor is it likely that sufficiently precise and reliable data of that kind could be obtained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+Drawing+Districts%2C+Should+States+Count+Each+Person+Or+Each+Voter%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Tuesday heard an elections case that could dramatically change the way state legislative districts are drawn and could tilt some states in a decidedly more Republican direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal Constitution is clear. The House of Representatives is to be apportioned based on the total population in each congressional district, and the census is to count each person, whether eligible to vote or not, so that all are represented. The status of state legislative districts, however, is less clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until 1964, state legislative districts often varied wildly in population. In Alabama, for instance, the population variances between two state Senate districts was 41-1. In a landmark 1964 decision, the Supreme Court struck down the Alabama redistricting and ruled by an 8-1 vote that the 14th Amendment's guarantee of equal protection mandates the principle of \"one person, one vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Outcome could impact political clout of Latinos in California\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/236666632&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/236666632'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But what does that mean? Does it mean that the total population of state legislative districts should be equal, or does it mean the number of eligible voters in the districts should be equal, or the number of registered voters?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court has never specifically answered that question, but virtually all the states now draw lines for their legislative districts based on equality of total population, not eligible or registered voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Should that change, it would mean that children, and immigrants, both legal and illegal, and other groups would be excluded from the population count when state legislative districts are drawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit before the Supreme Court seeks to do just that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Texas voters are challenging the 2010 Texas reapportionment as unconstitutional because it created 31 state Senate districts to be as equal as possible in total population. The challengers claim that the correct constitutional metric should be eligible voters, not total population. Using that standard, they say that the Texas Senate map gives them roughly 50 percent less voting power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://www.npr.org/player/embed/458795687/458887885\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sue Evenwel, a member of the Texas State Republican Executive Committee, is the lead plaintiff. She notes, for instance, that her mainly rural district has 584,000 citizens eligible to vote, while a neighboring rural district, equal in total population, has only 372,000 eligible voters. Evenwel argues that the Texas districting scheme violates the \"one person, one vote\" principle because her vote has less weight relative to a person in a neighboring district with fewer eligible voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Republican-dominated Texas government nonetheless defends total population as the best and most reliable means of ensuring equality in representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The federal census data right now doesn't ask for citizenship,\" notes Texas Solicitor General Scott Keller. \"So, we are using the best data set available.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keller maintains that under previous Supreme Court rulings, the state can choose which population it is seeking to equalize, as long as it is not targeting one group for discrimination. \"Texas, like every other state, has used total population for decades,\" he observes, adding that \"there has been no claim that there's been unfair representation or our system of democracy has been undermined.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge to the Texas redistricting has been coordinated by conservative activist Edward Blum. Some have called him the \"mastermind\" behind a series of cases that have successfully challenged long-established civil rights principles. Two years ago, Blum and a small cadre of lawyers succeeded in gutting a key portion of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. This week he has two more cases before the high court: the legislative districting case and another case he spearheaded, also from Texas, challenging affirmative action programs in state college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blum used to be quite open about his work, but he is no longer talking to broadcasters, he says, because he isn't good at it. The lawyers arguing the cases are not talking either. So we turned to Ilya Shapiro, a senior fellow at the conservative and libertarian Cato Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you have a situation where one person's vote is effectively worth half of what another person's vote is in the neighboring district, that, I think, is a problem,\" Shapiro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shapiro points to Utah, a state with a high birthrate, as an example of a state that has greater representation for rural districts with lots of children, than for the urban and \"more hipster\" district that includes the city of Salt Lake. But ultimately, he tracks the disparities between total population and eligible voters to the immigrant population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last half century, he says, total population has generally tracked eligible voting population. The late 1960s and early 1970s represented the \"lowest foreign-born population in this country that we've had in at least the last hundred years or so,\" Shapiro adds. \"And now, we're approaching the highest again, so that's why you have this disparity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shapiro, who wrote a brief siding with the challengers in this case, contends that the Constitution is based on voter equality and not population equality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But David Gans, of the liberal-leaning Constitutional Accountability Center, co-authored a contrary brief, noting that when Congress debated and passed the 14th Amendment following the Civil War, the fight was over who should be covered by the equal protection guarantee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one side were those making the same argument that the challengers are in this case, he says, namely that \"representation should be based on number of voters.\" Had that view prevailed, he notes, it \"would have excluded women; it would have excluded aliens; it would have excluded children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he continues, that view did not prevail; it was repeatedly voted down by the House and Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The theory that the framers of the 14th Amendment adopted was to include everyone in the population so as to ensure \"that everyone's voices are accounted for in representation,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is one other aspect of this case: the pragmatic difficulty of creating districts of equal numbers of voters when those numbers are not compiled anywhere, when voting rolls are notoriously inaccurate, fluctuating and unpurged, and when people age into the voting population every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A brief filed by five demographers contends that it could be done, using a tried-and-true Census Bureau sampling technique instead of actual enumeration. But a brief filed by former Census Bureau chiefs from both Republican and Democratic administrations says that adequate data for a citizen-only, eligible-voter population count simply does not exist now, nor is it likely that sufficiently precise and reliable data of that kind could be obtained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+Drawing+Districts%2C+Should+States+Count+Each+Person+Or+Each+Voter%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>One recent Saturday morning inside a small storefront classroom in Long Beach, preschoolers, toddlers and their parents bounced along to a Spanish-language song. Afterward, they talked among themselves in Spanish — some with more difficulty than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/234374427″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The place is called The Family Nest, a part-time Spanish immersion school for young children. The parents that come here are mostly Latino. But many aren’t immigrants — or, for that matter, great Spanish speakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some have had to work at it — and still are, along with their kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s challenging, because I’ve spoken English for 30 years of my life,” said Mariela Salgado, who attends classes there with her two young daughters. “I’ve been in American schools all my life. I have an MBA. I worked in corporate America. So English has been my primary language.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/11/17/55696/teaching-spanish-to-the-kids-isn-t-easy-for-second/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read the full story on KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Spanish-speaking households are shrinking. By 2020, only two-thirds of U.S. Latino households are projected to speak Spanish.",
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"content": "\u003cp>Eireann Dolan is not happy with her state's attitude on accepting refugees from the conflict in Syria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dolan, a writer and broadcaster, lives in the Bay Area for about half the year while her partner, Sean Doolittle, is pitching for the Oakland A's. But like many baseball people, their official residence is Arizona. That state's governor, Doug Ducey, has \u003ca href=\"http://azgovernor.gov/governor/news/2015/11/statement-governor-doug-ducey\" target=\"_blank\">called for an immediate halt \u003c/a>to resettling any refugees there, in light of the terrorist attacks in Paris on Nov. 13. The governors of Dolan's home state of Illinois, \u003ca href=\"http://abc7chicago.com/news/gov-rauner-says-illinois-will-stop-accepting-syrian-refugees/1086662/\" target=\"_blank\">Bruce Rauner\u003c/a>, and Doolittle's home state of New Jersey, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2015/11/christie_reverses_earlier_call_to_accept_syrian_re_1.html\" target=\"_blank\">Chris Christie\u003c/a>, have made similar statements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Dolan decided to do something more than complain. She contacted Chicago's Syrian Resettlement Network and arranged to host the families they're working with at a Thanksgiving dinner next week, when she'll be visiting her family in Illinois.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://thankyoubasedball.com/2015/11/18/heres-a-better-idea/\" target=\"_blank\">post to her blog\u003c/a> today, Dolan explains part of her motivation. \u003cem>(Editor's note: On Thursday, Dolan deleted her post. She has now reposted it. Her explanation is at the top of the post.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>About three weeks ago, my grandfather James Dolan passed away. One of his favorite holidays was Thanksgiving. When his family came to this country, it was one of the first American traditions they embraced. I have so many memories of him at Thanksgiving with his wife, their ten children and their children’s spouses, and their children’s children – all thirty of us grandkids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will certainly be strange to have a Thanksgiving celebration without him. But I know a way we can still have him there with us. We can bring one of his earliest associations with American hospitality and togetherness to local Syrian refugees.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Dolan knows that not many of us have the ability she and Doolittle have to buy dinner for a dozen or more families. But, she writes, that shouldn't stop people from doing what they can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>These people are your neighbors. They need winter coats, non-perishable food, children’s school supplies, and personal items too. If you can’t personally donate items or money, you can donate your time. You can help them build resumes, fill out job applications, or offer job training or English lessons.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Northern California office of the International Rescue Committee has a\u003ca href=\"http://www.rescue.org/us-program/us-northern-california/what-we-need-help-irc-kind-donations-and-staff-referrals\" target=\"_blank\"> wish list of Bay Area needs\u003c/a> and is hosting its own \u003ca href=\"http://www.rescue.org/us-program/us-northern-california-ca/give-thanks-irc-oakland\" target=\"_blank\">refugee Thanksgiving dinner\u003c/a> in Oakland on Nov. 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is not the first time Dolan and Doolittle have made forays into activism. The couple\u003ca href=\"https://sfhrcgala.org/content/2015-hrc-sf-bay-area-local-award-winners\" target=\"_blank\"> received the Ally for Equality Award\u003c/a> from the San Francisco Human Rights Campaign last month for raising money for local LGBT groups as part of the \u003ca href=\"http://sfbay.ca/2015/06/18/as-honor-equality-on-first-lgbt-pride-night/\" target=\"_blank\">A's first-ever Pride Night\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
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