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"bio": "\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena Sook Kim is a former senior editor of the weekend desk at KQED. Before taking on that post, she was the Senior Editor of the Silicon Valley Desk and was the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">host of The California Report. The daily morning show airs on KQED in San Francisco, one of the nation’s largest NPR affiliates, and on 30 stations across the state. In that role, she produces and reports on news, politics and life in the Golden State. Queena likes to take sideways look at the larger trends changing the state. One of her favorite stories asked\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/02/15/why-the-heck-do-mexican-reporters-on-public-radio-say-their-names-that-way\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">why Latino journalists “over’pronounce” their Spanish surnames\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as a way of looking at how immigration is creating a culture shift in California.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before joining The California Report, Queena was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.marketplace.org/people/queena-kim\">Senior Reporter covering technology for Marketplace\u003c/a>, the daily business show that airs on public radio. Queena covered daily tech business stories and reported on larger technology trends. She did a series of stories looking at role of social engineering in hacking and on a start-up in Silicon Valley that’s trying to use technology, instead of animals, to make meat that bleeds.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena started her career as a business journalist at the Wall Street Journal, where she spent four years covering the paper, home building and toy industries. She wrote A1 stories about the unusually aggressive tactics KB Home took against its home buyers. and the resurgence of “Cracker” architecture in Florida. She also wrote section front stories on marketing trends and\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a journalist, Queena has spent much of her career helping start-up editorial products. She was on the founding editorial team of The Bay Citizen, an experimental, online news site in San Francisco that was funded by the late hillbilly billionaire Warren Hellman. In 2009, Queena received a grant from the Corporation of Public Broadcasting to start-up a podcast called \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/cyberfrequencies\">CyberFrequencies\u003c/a>, which reported on the culture of technology. She also helped start-up two radio shows - Off-Ramp and Pacific Drift - for KPCC, the NPR-affiliate in Los Angeles. Off-Ramp was awarded 1st Place for news and Public Affairs programming by the PRINDI and the L.A. Press club. \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/queena-sook-kim\">Queena’s stories have appeared \u003c/a>on NPR’s Day to Day, Hearing Voices, WNYC’s Studio 360, WBUR’s Here and Now, BBC’s Global Perspectives and New York Times’ multimedia page.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1994, Queena won a Fulbright Grant to teach and study in Seoul, South Korea. She was also selected to be a Teach For America Corps Member in 1991 and taught elementary school in the Inglewood Unified School District in Southern California.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena is a frequent public speaker and has given talks at UC Berkeley, Stanford University, San Francisco State University, PRINDI conference and the Craigslist Foundation Boot Camp. Queena went to UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism and graduated cum laude from New York University with a B.A. in Politics. She grew up in Southern California and lives in Berkeley, Ca in a big fixer on which she spends most weekends, well, fixing.\u003c/span>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Every April, the townspeople of Lindsay pack the pews of a local church, as fathers in cowboy boots proudly escort their daughters down the aisle. They’re the college-bound young women elected as the Orange Blossom Festival Queen and her court. This year, they’re all young women of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Queen \u003ca href=\"http://www.recorderonline.com/news/angela-bola-os-named-obf-queen/article_3e5a3d54-f634-11e5-8200-477fe1b58de5.htm\">Angela Bolaños\u003c/a> says that’s a sea change from a time when the royal court was almost always made up of white farmers’ daughters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It says a lot. The Latina presence is growing stronger. We just all want to make ourselves heard,” Bolaños says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/260193168″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor of Lindsay, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/23/latinos-majority-in-small-farm-town-but-will-their-political-influence-wane-if-young-people-dont-vote\">Ramona Padilla\u003c/a>, is also, for the first time, a Latina. She reads a decree officially proclaiming this year’s 84th annual Orange Blossom Festival, to celebrate the role of the citrus industry in this farm town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, across town, 19-year-old Amy Huerta leads a troupe of more than a dozen kids twirling brightly colored skirts and stamping their feet. They’re practicing a Ballet Folklorico routine for the Orange Blossom Parade on April 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid all the festivities, Amy and the mayor have an important date during Orange Blossom week: They’re going to meet up to talk about voting. Padilla called a meeting after hearing in my \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/24/central-valley-teen-is-familys-only-vote-but-will-she-cast-a-ballot\">previous radio stories \u003c/a>about young people who aren’t interested in voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10933874\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10933874\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"Mayor Ramona Padilla (C) meets with young women in Lindsay, to urge them to vote.\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-800x577.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-400x288.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-1180x851.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-960x692.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mayor Ramona Padilla (C) meets with young women in Lindsay, to urge them to vote. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Four young women I’ve been interviewing over the last few months join Padilla in Lindsay’s downtown plaza, modeled after a zocalo, or town square in Mexico. They’re all dressed up to meet the mayor, and are a little nervous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pressure From the Mayor\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla starts by grilling Amy. She’s the only one who’s eligible to vote in her family. Everyone else is undocumented or too young to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was listening to your story, I heard that you weren’t sure if you were going to vote,” she tells Amy. “Do you feel pressured that you’re the only one that can vote at this time?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It does feel like a little pressure,” Amy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”UhFYIanX0UYtYhsbyma9YgX2IwXq9esF”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, after an election, if her parents don’t like the way prices are going up, or certain laws that have been passed, they get after her about voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This election, you got to make a change,” Amy says her parents tell her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(Because) whoever got elected last year is messing up. Now you got to vote for what we need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Amy’s never felt like voting really has anything to do with her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now she’s had me interview her multiple times about voting, and the mayor requested a private meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a town of 12,000, every vote is needed,” Padilla tells her. “When you don’t vote, you take your voice away. So does that make sense?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor then turns to Cassandra Baca, a single mom who has brought along her 1-year old daughter, Amoriee. We met her in an \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/23/latinos-majority-in-small-farm-town-but-will-their-political-influence-wane-if-young-people-dont-vote\">earlier radio story\u003c/a>, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10933987\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10933987\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-800x667.jpg\" alt=\"Mayor Ramona Padilla, Cassandra Baca, and her 1-year-old daughter, Amoriee.\" width=\"800\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-800x667.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-400x333.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-1180x983.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-960x800.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mayor Ramona Padilla, Cassandra Baca, and her 1-year-old daughter, Amoriee. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When you got your driver’s license, did you not register to vote?” asks the mayor. “No,” says Cassandra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How can I help you get registered to vote?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know,” says Cassandra, bouncing her baby on her knee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor explains that she can go to a post office and pick up a registration form. She’ll even do it for her. The mayor says she can tell by Cassandra’s body language that she might be interested in registering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a surprise to me, because all the times I’ve talked to Cassandra over the last few months, she didn’t seem like voting was even on her radar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she tells me that after our interview, she started paying closer attention to the presidential race. She says Donald Trump’s incendiary comments about immigrants have pushed her over the edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s pretty much enough to get me to vote,” says Cassandra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Makings of a New Voter\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Amy’s case, she’s had a lot of pressure from her brother, a community activist who is undocumented. He really wants his sister to vote on behalf of their family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Amy says she’s coming around to his point of view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I looked at each of the (presidential) candidates, and I was like, ‘This year, it’s different.’ Now you have a Hillary, you have a woman. You have Ted Cruz, a Latino,” Amy says. “Then you have Donald Trump and Bernie. So now you have a different combination. Now it caught my attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What if I voted for Hillary, what would she do for me, as a woman? What if I elect Ted Cruz? What would he do for Latinos? It’s just more the presidential election having all this different variety now. It’s not just white men.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla is watching Amy’s expression carefully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”lcON4Hrj4DMEvE5mDWK6Oib7dMZroHKk”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s recognizing a lot of reasons why if she didn’t vote, what could happen,” Padilla says. “I think, just looking at her, it appears to me that she wants to make a difference, too, and she probably now really feels that her vote is going to matter, it’s going to count.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No pressure, or anything, having the mayor of your town tell you she knows you’re going to do it. And a statewide public radio audience waiting to find out if you’ll cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Amy says she’s made up her mind on her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I will vote this time. Not only for me, not only for my family, but you know, for the community of Lindsay, for those who don’t vote,” says Amy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can count on me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m so happy to hear that, and you just make my heart swell,” says Padilla, who gives Amy a high-five and then takes a round of selfies with all the girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramona Padilla says she hopes that she can work herself out of a job and open up a space for young Latinas like Amy and Cassandra on the City Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope you could become Latina mayors someday, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the first step is to make sure these young voters make it to Lindsay’s one polling place in June, or remember to send their ballot in by mail, on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2016 KQED. To see more election coverage, visit \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/election2016\">kqed.org/election2016.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, across town, 19-year-old Amy Huerta leads a troupe of more than a dozen kids twirling brightly colored skirts and stamping their feet. They’re practicing a Ballet Folklorico routine for the Orange Blossom Parade on April 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid all the festivities, Amy and the mayor have an important date during Orange Blossom week: They’re going to meet up to talk about voting. Padilla called a meeting after hearing in my \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/24/central-valley-teen-is-familys-only-vote-but-will-she-cast-a-ballot\">previous radio stories \u003c/a>about young people who aren’t interested in voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10933874\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10933874\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-800x577.jpg\" alt=\"Mayor Ramona Padilla (C) meets with young women in Lindsay, to urge them to vote.\" width=\"800\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-800x577.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-400x288.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-1180x851.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithYoungWomen-960x692.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mayor Ramona Padilla (C) meets with young women in Lindsay, to urge them to vote. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Four young women I’ve been interviewing over the last few months join Padilla in Lindsay’s downtown plaza, modeled after a zocalo, or town square in Mexico. They’re all dressed up to meet the mayor, and are a little nervous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pressure From the Mayor\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla starts by grilling Amy. She’s the only one who’s eligible to vote in her family. Everyone else is undocumented or too young to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was listening to your story, I heard that you weren’t sure if you were going to vote,” she tells Amy. “Do you feel pressured that you’re the only one that can vote at this time?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It does feel like a little pressure,” Amy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, after an election, if her parents don’t like the way prices are going up, or certain laws that have been passed, they get after her about voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This election, you got to make a change,” Amy says her parents tell her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(Because) whoever got elected last year is messing up. Now you got to vote for what we need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Amy’s never felt like voting really has anything to do with her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now she’s had me interview her multiple times about voting, and the mayor requested a private meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a town of 12,000, every vote is needed,” Padilla tells her. “When you don’t vote, you take your voice away. So does that make sense?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor then turns to Cassandra Baca, a single mom who has brought along her 1-year old daughter, Amoriee. We met her in an \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/23/latinos-majority-in-small-farm-town-but-will-their-political-influence-wane-if-young-people-dont-vote\">earlier radio story\u003c/a>, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10933987\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10933987\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-800x667.jpg\" alt=\"Mayor Ramona Padilla, Cassandra Baca, and her 1-year-old daughter, Amoriee.\" width=\"800\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-800x667.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-400x333.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-1180x983.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/PadillaWithBaca-960x800.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mayor Ramona Padilla, Cassandra Baca, and her 1-year-old daughter, Amoriee. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When you got your driver’s license, did you not register to vote?” asks the mayor. “No,” says Cassandra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How can I help you get registered to vote?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know,” says Cassandra, bouncing her baby on her knee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor explains that she can go to a post office and pick up a registration form. She’ll even do it for her. The mayor says she can tell by Cassandra’s body language that she might be interested in registering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a surprise to me, because all the times I’ve talked to Cassandra over the last few months, she didn’t seem like voting was even on her radar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she tells me that after our interview, she started paying closer attention to the presidential race. She says Donald Trump’s incendiary comments about immigrants have pushed her over the edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s pretty much enough to get me to vote,” says Cassandra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Makings of a New Voter\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Amy’s case, she’s had a lot of pressure from her brother, a community activist who is undocumented. He really wants his sister to vote on behalf of their family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Amy says she’s coming around to his point of view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I looked at each of the (presidential) candidates, and I was like, ‘This year, it’s different.’ Now you have a Hillary, you have a woman. You have Ted Cruz, a Latino,” Amy says. “Then you have Donald Trump and Bernie. So now you have a different combination. Now it caught my attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What if I voted for Hillary, what would she do for me, as a woman? What if I elect Ted Cruz? What would he do for Latinos? It’s just more the presidential election having all this different variety now. It’s not just white men.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla is watching Amy’s expression carefully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s recognizing a lot of reasons why if she didn’t vote, what could happen,” Padilla says. “I think, just looking at her, it appears to me that she wants to make a difference, too, and she probably now really feels that her vote is going to matter, it’s going to count.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No pressure, or anything, having the mayor of your town tell you she knows you’re going to do it. And a statewide public radio audience waiting to find out if you’ll cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Amy says she’s made up her mind on her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I will vote this time. Not only for me, not only for my family, but you know, for the community of Lindsay, for those who don’t vote,” says Amy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can count on me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m so happy to hear that, and you just make my heart swell,” says Padilla, who gives Amy a high-five and then takes a round of selfies with all the girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramona Padilla says she hopes that she can work herself out of a job and open up a space for young Latinas like Amy and Cassandra on the City Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope you could become Latina mayors someday, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the first step is to make sure these young voters make it to Lindsay’s one polling place in June, or remember to send their ballot in by mail, on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Covered California officials are looking into a way that the state might be able to offer health insurance coverage to immigrants who are in the U.S. illegally and are now barred from obtaining coverage under the federal Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the state health care exchange produced \u003ca href=\"http://board.coveredca.com/meetings/2016/4-07/1332_wavier_options_analysis_04-07-16_FINAL.pdf\">an analysis\u003c/a> on possibly applying for a federal waiver, known as the Section 1332 State Innovation Waiver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"mowOdWuvyTgJMqc2BlGRc7KBRQDBzfiM\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The waivers to the Affordable Care Act seek \"to modify certain provisions of the Affordable Care Act based on guidelines set forth by the federal Department of Health and Human Services,\" according to the California exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The general idea is to allow states to pursue new strategies for improving coverage for residents under Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One option would allow immigrants in California who don't have legal status to buy health coverage at their own expense without government help. \"These non-QHPs would not be subsidized with federal premium assistance or cost sharing subsidies,\" according to the exchange analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/04/12/59457/state-health-insurance-exchange-weighs-new-way-to/\" target=\"_blank\">Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Covered California officials are looking into a way that the state might be able to offer health insurance coverage to immigrants who are in the U.S. illegally and are now barred from obtaining coverage under the federal Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the state health care exchange produced \u003ca href=\"http://board.coveredca.com/meetings/2016/4-07/1332_wavier_options_analysis_04-07-16_FINAL.pdf\">an analysis\u003c/a> on possibly applying for a federal waiver, known as the Section 1332 State Innovation Waiver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The waivers to the Affordable Care Act seek \"to modify certain provisions of the Affordable Care Act based on guidelines set forth by the federal Department of Health and Human Services,\" according to the California exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The general idea is to allow states to pursue new strategies for improving coverage for residents under Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Obama's controversial executive actions on immigration were challenged in the Supreme Court on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it's impossible to glean how the court will ultimately decide the case, the eight justices seemed evenly split along ideological lines during oral arguments, leaving a real possibility of a 4-4 tie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that comes to pass, a lower court decision that stopped the actions from going into effect will stand, Obama's term will come to an end and his executive actions, which were intended to shield some 4 million people from deportation, will never go into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FNPR%2Fvideos%2F10154359130546756%2F&show_text=0&width=560\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two things were important to look at during arguments: the question of standing — whether Texas should be allowed to bring a suit on this matter against the government in the first place — and where Justice Anthony Kennedy, a swing vote even on an eight-justice court, landed on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue of standing took up a lot of time during arguments. Chief Justice John Roberts, who famously sidestepped a broader opinion on same-sex marriage in 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/06/26/195857796/supreme-court-strikes-down-defense-of-marriage-act\">based on the issue of standing\u003c/a>, is a critical voice to that end. He seemed to side with Texas, which argued the state had standing because it would be harmed by the actions as it would cost more money to issue driver's licenses to people in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy, who has in the past has written opinions in favor of giving the executive broad powers on enforcement, seemed dubious in this case. He said 4 million people is a lot of people and it seems that to give them quasi-legal status should be a legislative decision, not an executive decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, the court seemed evenly split.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the court, hundreds of protesters gathered to show their support for the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcy Suarez, a 20-year-old who was shielded from deportation by a previous executive action that is not in dispute now, said she hopes the court takes into account what she calls the humanitarian dimension of the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are here to work hard, contribute to the country,\" Suarez said. \"This is our home; that's why we don't want to leave.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=On+Obama%27s+Immigration+Actions%2C+Supreme+Court+Seems+Sharply+Divided&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Obama's controversial executive actions on immigration were challenged in the Supreme Court on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it's impossible to glean how the court will ultimately decide the case, the eight justices seemed evenly split along ideological lines during oral arguments, leaving a real possibility of a 4-4 tie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that comes to pass, a lower court decision that stopped the actions from going into effect will stand, Obama's term will come to an end and his executive actions, which were intended to shield some 4 million people from deportation, will never go into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FNPR%2Fvideos%2F10154359130546756%2F&show_text=0&width=560\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two things were important to look at during arguments: the question of standing — whether Texas should be allowed to bring a suit on this matter against the government in the first place — and where Justice Anthony Kennedy, a swing vote even on an eight-justice court, landed on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue of standing took up a lot of time during arguments. Chief Justice John Roberts, who famously sidestepped a broader opinion on same-sex marriage in 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/06/26/195857796/supreme-court-strikes-down-defense-of-marriage-act\">based on the issue of standing\u003c/a>, is a critical voice to that end. He seemed to side with Texas, which argued the state had standing because it would be harmed by the actions as it would cost more money to issue driver's licenses to people in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy, who has in the past has written opinions in favor of giving the executive broad powers on enforcement, seemed dubious in this case. He said 4 million people is a lot of people and it seems that to give them quasi-legal status should be a legislative decision, not an executive decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, the court seemed evenly split.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the court, hundreds of protesters gathered to show their support for the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcy Suarez, a 20-year-old who was shielded from deportation by a previous executive action that is not in dispute now, said she hopes the court takes into account what she calls the humanitarian dimension of the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are here to work hard, contribute to the country,\" Suarez said. \"This is our home; that's why we don't want to leave.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=On+Obama%27s+Immigration+Actions%2C+Supreme+Court+Seems+Sharply+Divided&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "hundreds-of-migrant-teens-are-being-held-indefinitely-in-locked-detention",
"title": "Hundreds of Migrant Teens Are Being Held Indefinitely in Locked Detention",
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"headTitle": "Hundreds of Migrant Teens Are Being Held Indefinitely in Locked Detention | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>As Pablo Aguilar was waking up in his cell in \u003ca href=\"http://www.yolocounty.org/law-justice/probation/institutional-services/juvenile-detention-facility\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yolo County’s juvenile hall\u003c/a> in rural Northern California one recent Sunday morning, a white minivan was making its way toward him, up Interstate 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawn illuminated the tomato fields across the road from the jail, but the 16-year-old likely didn’t see that. The only window in Pablo’s cell — roughly 6 inches tall by 2 feet long — was positioned so high in the cinderblock wall that he would have needed to stand on his concrete bunk to peek out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the minivan, his mother, Evelyn, watched the farmland of the Central Valley turn rosy, then golden, as the sun crested the mountains to the east. Evelyn, 38, had driven a portion of the 400-mile journey from Los Angeles, but now Mario, a friend from church, was at the wheel. Evelyn’s mother, Albertina, was dozing in the back seat. (We’ve agreed not to use their last names, because Evelyn is undocumented.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the trio reached Sacramento, they stopped at an IHOP for breakfast before driving the last 20 minutes to the jail in Woodland. The pancake stop has become a ritual of the journey, which they make every three weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We leave Los Angeles at 2 in the morning,” Evelyn told me. “It’s a night when we don’t sleep, because of all the anticipation about seeing Pablo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pablo has been held in immigration custody for more than 21 months. He had just turned 15 when he left El Salvador in the hope of finding a safe haven with his mother in California. He made it across the Rio Grande but wound up in the hands of the Border Patrol. That was in June of 2014. He’s been locked up ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258066702&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Children Fleeing Violence\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pablo is one of more than \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-border-unaccompanied-children/fy-2016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">200,000 migrant kids\u003c/a> traveling without their parents who have been detained at the U.S.-Mexico border over the past five years. He’s part of a wave of Central American children fleeing violence, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/B-Occasional-papers/SAS-OP23-Gangs-Central-America.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal gangs in El Salvador and neighboring countries\u003c/a> have come to \u003ca href=\"http://lawg.org/action-center/lawg-blog/69-general/1579-el-salvadors-gang-violence-turf-wars-internal-battles-and-life-defined-by-invisible-borders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wield terrifying power\u003c/a> with impunity, and weak governments struggle to respond. That violence is a legacy of the civil wars of the 1980s, subsequent migrations to the United States and the deportation of gang members back to their home countries in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When adults are picked up at the border, they are dealt with by the Department of Homeland Security. But unaccompanied children are turned over to a different agency, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/orr/programs/ucs\">Office of Refugee Resettlement\u003c/a>, in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. As the number of migrant kids has multiplied, ORR’s job has grown. In 2011, the agency took custody of 7,000 children. In 2014 it was 57,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924343\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-10924343\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-800x266.png\" alt=\"Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder\" width=\"800\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-800x266.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-400x133.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-1180x393.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-960x320.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder.png 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of those kids spend about a month in a licensed ORR-funded shelter, and then they’re placed with a relative or another sponsor while they await their day in immigration court. But a small fraction — roughly 500 to 700 in any given year — are placed in jail-like settings: locked group homes or juvenile detention facilities, as Pablo has been. Those kids are held for two to three months, on average, but, like Pablo, some are detained much longer. Advocates say they become practically invisible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924330\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-10924330\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-800x450.png\" alt=\"Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-400x225.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-1180x664.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-960x540.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder.png 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for immigrant children say kids in ORR detention don’t have the legal protections they should. Many may be eligible for asylum or some other kind of protection. But \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/juvenile/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">half of them don’t even have a lawyer\u003c/a>. And prolonged detention can be psychologically damaging, according to child advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-110hr7311enr/pdf/BILLS-110hr7311enr.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">By law\u003c/a>, children in immigration custody must be placed in the least restrictive setting that is in the best interest of the child. But they \u003ca href=\"http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/orr/resource/children-entering-the-united-states-unaccompanied-section-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">can be confined\u003c/a> if their behavior is disruptive or dangerous, if they’re considered an escape risk, if they have a criminal or delinquent history or if they’re merely suspected of criminal activity. Often that information is provided by the Border Patrol or Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the agency that is handing the child over to ORR. But advocates for immigrant kids say ORR makes placement decisions behind closed doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn says the government hasn’t told her why it won’t release her son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924032\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924032\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10924032 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-800x742.jpg\" alt=\"Evelyn holds up a photo of herself visiting with her son Pablo when he was detained at a facility in Oregon in 2015. Her friend Mario is in the background of the photo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"742\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-800x742.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-400x371.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-1920x1781.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-1180x1094.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-960x890.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Evelyn holds up a photo of herself visiting with her son, Pablo, when he was detained at a facility in Oregon in 2015. Her friend, Mario, is in the background of the photo. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Visiting Her Child\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her mother stepped out of the minivan into the parking lot of Yolo County’s juvenile hall, in sweatshirts and sneakers, a little bleary from the trip. They always arrive in Woodland early to maximize the visit. Evelyn showed me a stack of family photos she was bringing to Pablo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn told me she came to the United States a decade ago, seeing no other option to support her children as a single parent than to follow her own mother to L.A. She said she left Pablo and his older brother, William, in the care of her sister in their town of San Juan Nonualco, an hour outside the capital. She sent money to support them from the housecleaning business she built in L.A.\u003cbr>\n[contextly_sidebar id=”iZFAUJISIkRU4u8XQvN0zHZeKKt7Yll0″]\u003cbr>\nRed-winged blackbirds swooped along the fence row in Woodland and dogs barked at the Sheriff’s Department compound next door. But Evelyn’s mind was back in El Salvador. She told me about how her boys grew up with their cousins, attended a good school and played soccer. But the area where they lived grew sketchier after she left and gangs operated openly. The police were either intimidated or corrupted, she said. And teenagers were frequent targets of gang recruitment and coercion. Four years ago, something happened to William.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“William was 16 when I lost him, the same age Pablo is now,” Evelyn said. “One weekend I was driving to work when my sister called and said she had something bad to tell me. … She said, ‘Here’s what happened to William. The gang took him.’ He was always trying to steer clear of them. But they forced him. They disappeared with him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In anguish, she added, “As a mother I have hope that one day someone will tell me if he’s alive or not. I’m still hoping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pablo became physically sick after is brother disappeared, Evelyn told me. But she wasn’t there to take care of him. Two years later, when Pablo reached high school, Evelyn said her sister told her he was not safe. So the boy headed north to avoid his brother’s fate. But he never reached his mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, in spite of her lack of immigration status, Evelyn walks right into the jail every three weeks in order to see her child and to finally have a chance to touch him. She and Albertina would have two hours in a family room with Pablo, followed by another two hours in the “no contact” visit area, speaking by phone with a glass partition between them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn gathered up the things she can take inside the jail: the photographs, her ID and her Bible. They always start the visit with a prayer. She pressed a buzzer and spoke into the intercom. A guard ushered the women into the lobby, and waved a metal detector wand over them. I wasn’t permitted to join them, so I watched through the plate glass as Evelyn and her mother disappeared through a heavy door into the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924042\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10924042 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Yolo County Chief Probation Officer Brent Cardall, and Victoria Blacksmith, the case manager in charge of immigrant children in Office of Refugee Resettlement custody, give a tour of the county's juvenile detention facility on Jan. 15, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Yolo County Juvenile Detention Facility in Woodland, California, houses up to 30 immigrant children in secure confinement, part of a $4 million contract with the U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inside the Cell\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On another day, I got an idea of what life is like for Pablo by visiting the facility with Brent Cardall, the Yolo County probation chief.\u003ci>\u003c/i>\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He took me in through the “sally port,” the double set of steel doors, which are locked and unlocked remotely to prevent escape. He showed me the family room, where Evelyn visited with her son. And I saw a classroom, windowless but full of books, like the one where Pablo goes to school. Then we stepped into an empty cell, much like Pablo’s. It was about 8 feet by 12 feet, with a stainless steel toilet and sink, and that tiny window — what Cardall called “your normal cell-looking type of room.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m really proud of our juvenile hall,” he told me. “We have a lot of great things going on.” He showed me murals on the walls, and talked about the volunteers who come in to work with the kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The facility does look like a jail, but we are trying to make it more homelike,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yolo County has a $4 million contract to house up to 30 juveniles for the Office of Refugee Resettlement. That revenue helps Cardall cover the cost of general Probation Department staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Working for Pablo’s Release\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few miles down the road from the juvenile hall is the UC Davis law school. Professor Holly Cooper runs the immigration law clinic, and she and her students are working to gain Pablo’s release. When I visited, law students were drafting legal briefs, case notes spread across conference tables. The files for another immigrant kid, a 2-foot-tall stack of paperwork, teetered beside Cooper’s computer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper has devoted much of her career to minors in immigration custody, and her office walls are covered with artwork made by detained children. She told me Pablo has been transferred around the country by ORR so many times that no pro bono lawyer has had a chance to build a case for his release until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924051\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924051\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10924051 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-800x564.jpg\" alt=\"Pablo Aguilar's mother Evelyn meets with Mercedes Castillo, an immigration lawyer in East Los Angeles on Feb. 8, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-800x564.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-400x282.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-1920x1355.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-1180x832.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-960x677.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pablo Aguilar’s mother, Evelyn, meets with Mercedes Castillo, an immigration lawyer in East Los Angeles, on Feb. 8, 2016. \u003ccite>(Tena Rubio/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“He’s been in McAllen, Texas, he’s been in Miami, Florida, he’s been in Virginia, he’s been in Portland, Oregon, and now he’s out here in California,” she said. Pablo has been housed in the Woodland facility since September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government did appoint a so-called child advocate from the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://theyoungcenter.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Young Center for Immigrant Children’s Rights\u003c/a> to speak up for Pablo’s best interests. Cooper showed me the group’s recommendation: three times last year the advocate sent letters to ORR arguing that Pablo be released to his mom, or at least placed in a less restrictive shelter nearer Evelyn’s home. But ORR hasn’t acted. And Pablo is still locked up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crux of the problem, say Cooper and other advocates, is that ORR makes decisions at internal meetings about where children are placed and whether they’re released. And ORR doesn’t recognize courts as a place where children can challenge their detention. The upshot is that kids like Pablo, who have not been charged with a crime, can be jailed indefinitely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without any judicial or third-party oversight, ORR is both the jailer and the person who decides whether the kid is getting out,” said Cooper. “That’s a really dangerous power dynamic that is developing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “secure” and “staff-secure” lockups may indeed be the right placement for some children. But Cooper and other lawyers say there’s no way to know without an open proceeding. They note that adults in immigration custody have more access to due process, because they have the right to go before an immigration judge to contest their detention and request release on bond. Children do not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, says Jessica Jones, policy counsel at \u003ca href=\"http://lirs.org\">Lutheran Immigration and Refugee Service\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C., children in other types of legal proceedings have more of a voice than kids in ORR confinement do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is so disturbing about this whole process is that unlike the juvenile justice system, where you have the involvement of the child’s attorney and the child themselves, they are completely left out of the process,” said Jones. “The child may have a parent in the country and they are often completely left out of the decision-making process. … ORR should do better by children and be meeting basic child welfare standards in care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Holguin, of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.centerforhumanrights.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Human Rights and Constitutional Law\u003c/a> in Los Angeles, is charged with monitoring the government’s treatment of minors in immigration custody, as part of a two-decade-old legal agreement known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/files/pdfs/immigrants/flores_v_meese_agreement.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Flores Settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most advocates believe ORR is a better custodian than in the old days, before 2002, when detained migrant children were held by immigration agents. But Holguin, Jones, Cooper and other advocates around the country want better. They have been meeting with ORR officials, arguing for more transparency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The process itself is completely opaque,” said Holguin. “Most times there’s no written decision at all. There’s great delay before the decisions are actually released. And there’s no opportunity for the juvenile or the proposed custodian to review the evidence that the federal government is relying on to maintain the juvenile in custody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>ORR Official Speaks Out\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After three months of requesting an interview, I finally got to speak with the person who oversees ORR’s unaccompanied children’s program: Bobbie Gregg, the deputy director for children’s services in the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gregg emphasized that the safety of children is her first priority. She said all children are assessed when they first arrive, and every 30 days that they’re in custody. The agency monitors the physical health and mental health of children and provides them with a legal orientation. And it posts \u003ca href=\"http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/orr/resource/children-entering-the-united-states-unaccompanied\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">its policies\u003c/a> on its website in detail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when I asked Gregg about the lack of a system for children to challenge their detention, she told me instead about how parents or others who have been turned down as sponsors can appeal that decision to higher-ups within the agency. In Evelyn’s case, there’s nothing she can appeal, because ORR has still not made a decision on her fitness as a sponsor for Pablo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sponsor can make a request for information about the reason for the decision and can appeal from that decision,” said Gregg. “With respect to the child him or herself, children are kept informed through their case managers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ORR has been in hot water in recent months after a number of cases where officials failed to screen sponsors properly and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/failures-in-handling-unaccompanied-migrant-minors-have-led-to-trafficking/2016/01/26/c47de164-c138-11e5-9443-7074c3645405_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">children were released to labor traffickers\u003c/a> rather than relatives. That scandal led to Senate hearings, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/02-23-16%20Brown%20Testimony.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">investigation\u003c/a> by the Government Accountability Office and a series of reforms at ORR to tighten the vetting of sponsors before releasing children from custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked Gregg about how a kid like Pablo could be detained for 21 months and bounced around the country between so many facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t speak to any particular child,” Gregg told me. “But for each child we’re making determinations based on the least restrictive setting for that child, taking into consideration that particular child’s safety, the safety to the community as well as the risk of flight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Indefinite Custody\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does it mean for a kid to be locked up for almost two years, with no clear idea why they’re being held or for how long?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holly Cooper, the UC Davis law professor, says one of the toughest things for kids in ORR detention is not knowing when they’ll be released. She said she’s also seen the pain caused by giving kids false hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an indefinite custody,” she said. “And when you start telling kids, ‘You’ve been recommended for release. Your parent can come get you. Next week you’ll be out. Tomorrow you’ll be out,’ and it doesn’t happen? We’ve seen that that can be very psychologically harmful to the kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what happened to another teenager Cooper and her students are representing: Rafael Armenta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael’s case is a little different. His mother brought him to the U.S. from Mexico as an infant, Cooper said, and he grew up in Southern California. In middle school, she said, he got involved with a rough crowd and ran afoul of the juvenile justice system. He served a sentence (the family doesn’t want to talk about the details) and then, had he been a U.S. citizen, he would have been released. But Rafael, who’s 16, is undocumented, so he was put in deportation proceedings and handed over to ORR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over several months the agency kept suggesting Rafael could be released to await his deportation hearing. Then officials backtracked over the holidays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Friday was New Year’s,” Cooper recalled. “And they called me. I was on a run actually: my New Year’s resolution to go running. And I got a call and I said, ‘You just need to tell me one way or the other. We need to know. He needs to know. He’s calling me eight times a day.’ And they said, ‘We’re denying it.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, though, there was another reversal. In February, Rafael was released from the detention facility in Woodland. His mother and some cousins arrived to collect him, after making their own all-night drive from Southern California. He hugged his mom for the first time in seven months and walked out of the juvenile hall into the winter sunshine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924046\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924046\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10924046\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Rafael Armenta, 16, is released to his family from the Yolo County juvenile detention facility on Feb. 6, 2016, after seven months of immigration detention in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rafael Armenta, 16, and UC Davis law student Lesley Sedano, walk out of the Yolo County Juvenile Detention Facility on Feb. 6, 2016. Rafael was released to his family after seven months of immigration detention in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There in the parking lot, wearing a crewcut and a dazed smile, Rafael told me how good it felt to take off the jail uniform — khaki shorts and a brown T-shirt — and put on his own T-shirt and jeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought this day was never going to come,” he said. “But it came.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked him what it felt like to be told repeatedly that he could go home and then to hear that he could not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a bad reaction to that,” Rafael said. “I’d go in a room and just do some inappropriate things, like hit the wall and stuff like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We talked a little longer, but Rafael was anxious to go. So he and his mother and his three cousins piled into the family car, and headed home to Orange County. In the weeks that followed, Rafael would reacquaint himself with his younger brother and sister and enroll in high school, where he hoped to stay clear of trouble. He said he had covered so much coursework in detention that his teachers told him he’d be going in as a 12th-grader. Holly Cooper and her law students would keep in touch and help him fight to stay in the U.S. legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper told me she has seen kids who have harmed themselves, including cutting themselves, in response to the powerlessness of indefinite detention. An official at the Yolo County juvenile hall said that they routinely have kids on suicide watch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juvenile justice experts say ORR’s secure detention may not be intended as a form of punishment, but it is punishing by nature. Barry Krisberg, a criminologist at UC Berkeley and an expert in juvenile detention, said that’s especially true for children who have been through traumatic experiences already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The consequences of secure detention are generally quite bad,” said Krisberg. “Increasingly what we understand is that secure custody — and it doesn’t really matter whether it’s staff-secure or there’s razor wire on the outside — is a toxic experience for youth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked Bobbie Gregg at ORR if she was concerned about the psychological toll of prolonged detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re very mindful that this is a special population with special needs,” she answered. “Having said that, we’re also very mindful of our responsibility as their custodian while they’re in care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>End of a Visit\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The afternoon was almost gone when Evelyn and her mother emerged from the juvenile hall in Woodland. Pablo was glad to see her, she told me, and happy to get the photos. With no end in sight to Pablo’s confinement, they rely on faith to keep going, she said. But it’s not easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258034455″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003ccite>Listen to the full Reveal episode above with an extended version of this story.\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I’ll be honest: I walk out and part of me is still inside,” she said. “I want to take him with me. I want so badly to take him with me…. I go, and half of me leaves but half of me stays here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn would return in three weeks’ time. She and her mom and her friend Mario would drive through the night, 400 miles up the length of California. And she’ll keep coming back, until the day when she gets to take her son home with her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported in collaboration with the public radio program \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reveal: from The Center for Investigative Reporting\u003c/a> and PRX. You can hear an extended version of this story and subscribe to the Reveal podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/kids-crossing-borders-alone/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/reveal-cir-prx-logos-600dpi-400x178.png\" alt=\"reveal-cir-prx-logos-600dpi\" width=\"400\" height=\"178\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-10927629\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/reveal-cir-prx-logos-600dpi-400x178.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/reveal-cir-prx-logos-600dpi-800x357.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/reveal-cir-prx-logos-600dpi-1920x856.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/reveal-cir-prx-logos-600dpi-1180x526.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/reveal-cir-prx-logos-600dpi-960x428.png 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As Pablo Aguilar was waking up in his cell in \u003ca href=\"http://www.yolocounty.org/law-justice/probation/institutional-services/juvenile-detention-facility\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yolo County’s juvenile hall\u003c/a> in rural Northern California one recent Sunday morning, a white minivan was making its way toward him, up Interstate 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawn illuminated the tomato fields across the road from the jail, but the 16-year-old likely didn’t see that. The only window in Pablo’s cell — roughly 6 inches tall by 2 feet long — was positioned so high in the cinderblock wall that he would have needed to stand on his concrete bunk to peek out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the minivan, his mother, Evelyn, watched the farmland of the Central Valley turn rosy, then golden, as the sun crested the mountains to the east. Evelyn, 38, had driven a portion of the 400-mile journey from Los Angeles, but now Mario, a friend from church, was at the wheel. Evelyn’s mother, Albertina, was dozing in the back seat. (We’ve agreed not to use their last names, because Evelyn is undocumented.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the trio reached Sacramento, they stopped at an IHOP for breakfast before driving the last 20 minutes to the jail in Woodland. The pancake stop has become a ritual of the journey, which they make every three weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We leave Los Angeles at 2 in the morning,” Evelyn told me. “It’s a night when we don’t sleep, because of all the anticipation about seeing Pablo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pablo has been held in immigration custody for more than 21 months. He had just turned 15 when he left El Salvador in the hope of finding a safe haven with his mother in California. He made it across the Rio Grande but wound up in the hands of the Border Patrol. That was in June of 2014. He’s been locked up ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258066702&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Children Fleeing Violence\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pablo is one of more than \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-border-unaccompanied-children/fy-2016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">200,000 migrant kids\u003c/a> traveling without their parents who have been detained at the U.S.-Mexico border over the past five years. He’s part of a wave of Central American children fleeing violence, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/B-Occasional-papers/SAS-OP23-Gangs-Central-America.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal gangs in El Salvador and neighboring countries\u003c/a> have come to \u003ca href=\"http://lawg.org/action-center/lawg-blog/69-general/1579-el-salvadors-gang-violence-turf-wars-internal-battles-and-life-defined-by-invisible-borders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wield terrifying power\u003c/a> with impunity, and weak governments struggle to respond. That violence is a legacy of the civil wars of the 1980s, subsequent migrations to the United States and the deportation of gang members back to their home countries in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When adults are picked up at the border, they are dealt with by the Department of Homeland Security. But unaccompanied children are turned over to a different agency, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/orr/programs/ucs\">Office of Refugee Resettlement\u003c/a>, in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. As the number of migrant kids has multiplied, ORR’s job has grown. In 2011, the agency took custody of 7,000 children. In 2014 it was 57,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924343\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-10924343\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-800x266.png\" alt=\"Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder\" width=\"800\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-800x266.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-400x133.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-1180x393.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder-960x320.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Placement_of_Immigrant_Children_in_FY_2015_FY_2015_chartbuilder.png 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of those kids spend about a month in a licensed ORR-funded shelter, and then they’re placed with a relative or another sponsor while they await their day in immigration court. But a small fraction — roughly 500 to 700 in any given year — are placed in jail-like settings: locked group homes or juvenile detention facilities, as Pablo has been. Those kids are held for two to three months, on average, but, like Pablo, some are detained much longer. Advocates say they become practically invisible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924330\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-10924330\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-800x450.png\" alt=\"Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-400x225.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-1180x664.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder-960x540.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Immigrant_Children_in_Locked_Group_Homes_or_Juvenile_Detention_Secure-Staff_Secure_chartbuilder.png 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for immigrant children say kids in ORR detention don’t have the legal protections they should. Many may be eligible for asylum or some other kind of protection. But \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/juvenile/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">half of them don’t even have a lawyer\u003c/a>. And prolonged detention can be psychologically damaging, according to child advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-110hr7311enr/pdf/BILLS-110hr7311enr.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">By law\u003c/a>, children in immigration custody must be placed in the least restrictive setting that is in the best interest of the child. But they \u003ca href=\"http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/orr/resource/children-entering-the-united-states-unaccompanied-section-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">can be confined\u003c/a> if their behavior is disruptive or dangerous, if they’re considered an escape risk, if they have a criminal or delinquent history or if they’re merely suspected of criminal activity. Often that information is provided by the Border Patrol or Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the agency that is handing the child over to ORR. But advocates for immigrant kids say ORR makes placement decisions behind closed doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn says the government hasn’t told her why it won’t release her son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924032\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924032\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10924032 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-800x742.jpg\" alt=\"Evelyn holds up a photo of herself visiting with her son Pablo when he was detained at a facility in Oregon in 2015. Her friend Mario is in the background of the photo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"742\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-800x742.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-400x371.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-1920x1781.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-1180x1094.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto-960x890.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/momAndPhoto.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Evelyn holds up a photo of herself visiting with her son, Pablo, when he was detained at a facility in Oregon in 2015. Her friend, Mario, is in the background of the photo. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Visiting Her Child\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her mother stepped out of the minivan into the parking lot of Yolo County’s juvenile hall, in sweatshirts and sneakers, a little bleary from the trip. They always arrive in Woodland early to maximize the visit. Evelyn showed me a stack of family photos she was bringing to Pablo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn told me she came to the United States a decade ago, seeing no other option to support her children as a single parent than to follow her own mother to L.A. She said she left Pablo and his older brother, William, in the care of her sister in their town of San Juan Nonualco, an hour outside the capital. She sent money to support them from the housecleaning business she built in L.A.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nRed-winged blackbirds swooped along the fence row in Woodland and dogs barked at the Sheriff’s Department compound next door. But Evelyn’s mind was back in El Salvador. She told me about how her boys grew up with their cousins, attended a good school and played soccer. But the area where they lived grew sketchier after she left and gangs operated openly. The police were either intimidated or corrupted, she said. And teenagers were frequent targets of gang recruitment and coercion. Four years ago, something happened to William.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“William was 16 when I lost him, the same age Pablo is now,” Evelyn said. “One weekend I was driving to work when my sister called and said she had something bad to tell me. … She said, ‘Here’s what happened to William. The gang took him.’ He was always trying to steer clear of them. But they forced him. They disappeared with him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In anguish, she added, “As a mother I have hope that one day someone will tell me if he’s alive or not. I’m still hoping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pablo became physically sick after is brother disappeared, Evelyn told me. But she wasn’t there to take care of him. Two years later, when Pablo reached high school, Evelyn said her sister told her he was not safe. So the boy headed north to avoid his brother’s fate. But he never reached his mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, in spite of her lack of immigration status, Evelyn walks right into the jail every three weeks in order to see her child and to finally have a chance to touch him. She and Albertina would have two hours in a family room with Pablo, followed by another two hours in the “no contact” visit area, speaking by phone with a glass partition between them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn gathered up the things she can take inside the jail: the photographs, her ID and her Bible. They always start the visit with a prayer. She pressed a buzzer and spoke into the intercom. A guard ushered the women into the lobby, and waved a metal detector wand over them. I wasn’t permitted to join them, so I watched through the plate glass as Evelyn and her mother disappeared through a heavy door into the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924042\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10924042 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Yolo County Chief Probation Officer Brent Cardall, and Victoria Blacksmith, the case manager in charge of immigrant children in Office of Refugee Resettlement custody, give a tour of the county's juvenile detention facility on Jan. 15, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/yoloDetention.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Yolo County Juvenile Detention Facility in Woodland, California, houses up to 30 immigrant children in secure confinement, part of a $4 million contract with the U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inside the Cell\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On another day, I got an idea of what life is like for Pablo by visiting the facility with Brent Cardall, the Yolo County probation chief.\u003ci>\u003c/i>\u003ci> \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He took me in through the “sally port,” the double set of steel doors, which are locked and unlocked remotely to prevent escape. He showed me the family room, where Evelyn visited with her son. And I saw a classroom, windowless but full of books, like the one where Pablo goes to school. Then we stepped into an empty cell, much like Pablo’s. It was about 8 feet by 12 feet, with a stainless steel toilet and sink, and that tiny window — what Cardall called “your normal cell-looking type of room.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m really proud of our juvenile hall,” he told me. “We have a lot of great things going on.” He showed me murals on the walls, and talked about the volunteers who come in to work with the kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The facility does look like a jail, but we are trying to make it more homelike,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yolo County has a $4 million contract to house up to 30 juveniles for the Office of Refugee Resettlement. That revenue helps Cardall cover the cost of general Probation Department staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Working for Pablo’s Release\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few miles down the road from the juvenile hall is the UC Davis law school. Professor Holly Cooper runs the immigration law clinic, and she and her students are working to gain Pablo’s release. When I visited, law students were drafting legal briefs, case notes spread across conference tables. The files for another immigrant kid, a 2-foot-tall stack of paperwork, teetered beside Cooper’s computer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper has devoted much of her career to minors in immigration custody, and her office walls are covered with artwork made by detained children. She told me Pablo has been transferred around the country by ORR so many times that no pro bono lawyer has had a chance to build a case for his release until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924051\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924051\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10924051 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-800x564.jpg\" alt=\"Pablo Aguilar's mother Evelyn meets with Mercedes Castillo, an immigration lawyer in East Los Angeles on Feb. 8, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-800x564.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-400x282.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-1920x1355.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-1180x832.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer-960x677.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/EvelynandLawyer.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pablo Aguilar’s mother, Evelyn, meets with Mercedes Castillo, an immigration lawyer in East Los Angeles, on Feb. 8, 2016. \u003ccite>(Tena Rubio/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“He’s been in McAllen, Texas, he’s been in Miami, Florida, he’s been in Virginia, he’s been in Portland, Oregon, and now he’s out here in California,” she said. Pablo has been housed in the Woodland facility since September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government did appoint a so-called child advocate from the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://theyoungcenter.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Young Center for Immigrant Children’s Rights\u003c/a> to speak up for Pablo’s best interests. Cooper showed me the group’s recommendation: three times last year the advocate sent letters to ORR arguing that Pablo be released to his mom, or at least placed in a less restrictive shelter nearer Evelyn’s home. But ORR hasn’t acted. And Pablo is still locked up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crux of the problem, say Cooper and other advocates, is that ORR makes decisions at internal meetings about where children are placed and whether they’re released. And ORR doesn’t recognize courts as a place where children can challenge their detention. The upshot is that kids like Pablo, who have not been charged with a crime, can be jailed indefinitely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without any judicial or third-party oversight, ORR is both the jailer and the person who decides whether the kid is getting out,” said Cooper. “That’s a really dangerous power dynamic that is developing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “secure” and “staff-secure” lockups may indeed be the right placement for some children. But Cooper and other lawyers say there’s no way to know without an open proceeding. They note that adults in immigration custody have more access to due process, because they have the right to go before an immigration judge to contest their detention and request release on bond. Children do not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, says Jessica Jones, policy counsel at \u003ca href=\"http://lirs.org\">Lutheran Immigration and Refugee Service\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C., children in other types of legal proceedings have more of a voice than kids in ORR confinement do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is so disturbing about this whole process is that unlike the juvenile justice system, where you have the involvement of the child’s attorney and the child themselves, they are completely left out of the process,” said Jones. “The child may have a parent in the country and they are often completely left out of the decision-making process. … ORR should do better by children and be meeting basic child welfare standards in care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Holguin, of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.centerforhumanrights.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Human Rights and Constitutional Law\u003c/a> in Los Angeles, is charged with monitoring the government’s treatment of minors in immigration custody, as part of a two-decade-old legal agreement known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/files/pdfs/immigrants/flores_v_meese_agreement.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Flores Settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most advocates believe ORR is a better custodian than in the old days, before 2002, when detained migrant children were held by immigration agents. But Holguin, Jones, Cooper and other advocates around the country want better. They have been meeting with ORR officials, arguing for more transparency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The process itself is completely opaque,” said Holguin. “Most times there’s no written decision at all. There’s great delay before the decisions are actually released. And there’s no opportunity for the juvenile or the proposed custodian to review the evidence that the federal government is relying on to maintain the juvenile in custody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>ORR Official Speaks Out\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After three months of requesting an interview, I finally got to speak with the person who oversees ORR’s unaccompanied children’s program: Bobbie Gregg, the deputy director for children’s services in the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gregg emphasized that the safety of children is her first priority. She said all children are assessed when they first arrive, and every 30 days that they’re in custody. The agency monitors the physical health and mental health of children and provides them with a legal orientation. And it posts \u003ca href=\"http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/orr/resource/children-entering-the-united-states-unaccompanied\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">its policies\u003c/a> on its website in detail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when I asked Gregg about the lack of a system for children to challenge their detention, she told me instead about how parents or others who have been turned down as sponsors can appeal that decision to higher-ups within the agency. In Evelyn’s case, there’s nothing she can appeal, because ORR has still not made a decision on her fitness as a sponsor for Pablo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sponsor can make a request for information about the reason for the decision and can appeal from that decision,” said Gregg. “With respect to the child him or herself, children are kept informed through their case managers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ORR has been in hot water in recent months after a number of cases where officials failed to screen sponsors properly and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/failures-in-handling-unaccompanied-migrant-minors-have-led-to-trafficking/2016/01/26/c47de164-c138-11e5-9443-7074c3645405_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">children were released to labor traffickers\u003c/a> rather than relatives. That scandal led to Senate hearings, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/02-23-16%20Brown%20Testimony.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">investigation\u003c/a> by the Government Accountability Office and a series of reforms at ORR to tighten the vetting of sponsors before releasing children from custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked Gregg about how a kid like Pablo could be detained for 21 months and bounced around the country between so many facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t speak to any particular child,” Gregg told me. “But for each child we’re making determinations based on the least restrictive setting for that child, taking into consideration that particular child’s safety, the safety to the community as well as the risk of flight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Indefinite Custody\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does it mean for a kid to be locked up for almost two years, with no clear idea why they’re being held or for how long?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holly Cooper, the UC Davis law professor, says one of the toughest things for kids in ORR detention is not knowing when they’ll be released. She said she’s also seen the pain caused by giving kids false hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an indefinite custody,” she said. “And when you start telling kids, ‘You’ve been recommended for release. Your parent can come get you. Next week you’ll be out. Tomorrow you’ll be out,’ and it doesn’t happen? We’ve seen that that can be very psychologically harmful to the kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what happened to another teenager Cooper and her students are representing: Rafael Armenta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael’s case is a little different. His mother brought him to the U.S. from Mexico as an infant, Cooper said, and he grew up in Southern California. In middle school, she said, he got involved with a rough crowd and ran afoul of the juvenile justice system. He served a sentence (the family doesn’t want to talk about the details) and then, had he been a U.S. citizen, he would have been released. But Rafael, who’s 16, is undocumented, so he was put in deportation proceedings and handed over to ORR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over several months the agency kept suggesting Rafael could be released to await his deportation hearing. Then officials backtracked over the holidays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Friday was New Year’s,” Cooper recalled. “And they called me. I was on a run actually: my New Year’s resolution to go running. And I got a call and I said, ‘You just need to tell me one way or the other. We need to know. He needs to know. He’s calling me eight times a day.’ And they said, ‘We’re denying it.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, though, there was another reversal. In February, Rafael was released from the detention facility in Woodland. His mother and some cousins arrived to collect him, after making their own all-night drive from Southern California. He hugged his mom for the first time in seven months and walked out of the juvenile hall into the winter sunshine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924046\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10924046\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10924046\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Rafael Armenta, 16, is released to his family from the Yolo County juvenile detention facility on Feb. 6, 2016, after seven months of immigration detention in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RafaelArmentawSister.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rafael Armenta, 16, and UC Davis law student Lesley Sedano, walk out of the Yolo County Juvenile Detention Facility on Feb. 6, 2016. Rafael was released to his family after seven months of immigration detention in the custody of the Office of Refugee Resettlement. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There in the parking lot, wearing a crewcut and a dazed smile, Rafael told me how good it felt to take off the jail uniform — khaki shorts and a brown T-shirt — and put on his own T-shirt and jeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought this day was never going to come,” he said. “But it came.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked him what it felt like to be told repeatedly that he could go home and then to hear that he could not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a bad reaction to that,” Rafael said. “I’d go in a room and just do some inappropriate things, like hit the wall and stuff like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We talked a little longer, but Rafael was anxious to go. So he and his mother and his three cousins piled into the family car, and headed home to Orange County. In the weeks that followed, Rafael would reacquaint himself with his younger brother and sister and enroll in high school, where he hoped to stay clear of trouble. He said he had covered so much coursework in detention that his teachers told him he’d be going in as a 12th-grader. Holly Cooper and her law students would keep in touch and help him fight to stay in the U.S. legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper told me she has seen kids who have harmed themselves, including cutting themselves, in response to the powerlessness of indefinite detention. An official at the Yolo County juvenile hall said that they routinely have kids on suicide watch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juvenile justice experts say ORR’s secure detention may not be intended as a form of punishment, but it is punishing by nature. Barry Krisberg, a criminologist at UC Berkeley and an expert in juvenile detention, said that’s especially true for children who have been through traumatic experiences already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The consequences of secure detention are generally quite bad,” said Krisberg. “Increasingly what we understand is that secure custody — and it doesn’t really matter whether it’s staff-secure or there’s razor wire on the outside — is a toxic experience for youth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked Bobbie Gregg at ORR if she was concerned about the psychological toll of prolonged detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re very mindful that this is a special population with special needs,” she answered. “Having said that, we’re also very mindful of our responsibility as their custodian while they’re in care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>End of a Visit\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The afternoon was almost gone when Evelyn and her mother emerged from the juvenile hall in Woodland. Pablo was glad to see her, she told me, and happy to get the photos. With no end in sight to Pablo’s confinement, they rely on faith to keep going, she said. But it’s not easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258034455″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258034455″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ccite>Listen to the full Reveal episode above with an extended version of this story.\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I’ll be honest: I walk out and part of me is still inside,” she said. “I want to take him with me. I want so badly to take him with me…. I go, and half of me leaves but half of me stays here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn would return in three weeks’ time. She and her mom and her friend Mario would drive through the night, 400 miles up the length of California. And she’ll keep coming back, until the day when she gets to take her son home with her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported in collaboration with the public radio program \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reveal: from The Center for Investigative Reporting\u003c/a> and PRX. You can hear an extended version of this story and subscribe to the Reveal podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/kids-crossing-borders-alone/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "L.A. Stage Drama Journeys to the Heart of Child Immigrant Crisis",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sunrise is just starting to peak through the palm trees at Lincoln Park in East L.A. as a flatbed truck hauling a sky-blue shipping container pulls up at the edge of a dirt volleyball court. At 20 feet across and 8 feet tall, it’s the main set piece and stage for a play produced by the California Institute of the Arts called \"\u003ca href=\"http://centerfornewperformance.org/project/shelter/\">Shelter\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a lot of ways, that shipping container is kind of an abstraction of a railroad car. But it's also this metaphor of a box where people are trapped, a box where people are kept and corralled, so it functions on a variety of levels,” says producer Mark Valdez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258066894\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The play, produced by the California Institute of the Arts, revolves around a band of teenage migrants as they make the journey north to the U.S. without parents or adult guardians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it follows their journeys, from leaving their home countries, traveling through Mexico on ‘La Bestia’, the beast, which is what they call the train that crosses through the entirety of Mexico,” explains Valdez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At an evening dress rehearsal earlier this week, young actors from CalArts run through the action under the watchful eye of veteran Mexico City-based stage director Martin Acosta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-800x520.jpg\" alt=\""Shelter" director Martin Acosta talks to actors before a recent rehearsal at L.A.'s Lincoln Park.\" width=\"800\" height=\"520\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10924033\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-800x520.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-400x260.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-1180x768.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-960x625.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"Shelter\" director Martin Acosta talks to actors before a recent rehearsal at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s actually my first experience outside, outdoors. I am learning,” laughs Acosta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a physical performance. Actors roll and tumble across the dust. They dance, sing, kick a soccer ball around and perch themselves atop that makeshift 8-foot train car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Actually, there is a train,” says Acosta, as a freighter rumbles along the Union Pacific rail line that runs by Lincoln Park’s southern tip. “It probably (will) come during the performance. I think it’s great.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shelter\" is being presented with no barriers between “the stage” and the day-day-day life of this largely Latino East L.A. neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924043\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10924043 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Actors rehearse for the play "Shelter" at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-800x510.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-400x255.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-960x612.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Actors rehearse for the play 'Shelter' at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>No tickets are required for the free performances. People can stay and watch the whole thing. Or just watch a few scenes as they pass through the park. During rehearsal, children on bicycles, joggers and dog walkers watch the drama unfold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shelter’s\" story is rooted in the mass migration of tens of thousands of young people who have crossed or tried crossing into the U.S. illegally over the last few years. The number of unaccompanied minors apprehended by U.S. authorities spiked in 2014, though thousands still risk the journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a way, they are looking for more than the American dream. They are looking for their families. And during the travel they are invisible because it's getting dangerous for them,” says Acosta\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shelter\" walks a fine line between drama and politics. In one scene three teenage girls confide their fears to one another while curled up on cots in a temporary federal holding facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"315\" src=\"http://www.hulu.com/embed.html?eid=g3jn8cyf0ynrvlt34nphka\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Has anyone, you know, hurt you?” asks one girl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, not here, we’re safe here,” says another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do you know that?” wonders another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another scene the same actors adopt the voices and actual words of real-life pundits, politicians and activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This crisis is Obama-made,” exclaims one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have heard from all their friends and relatives that if they get to the U.S. all will be taken care of,” says another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We call that section, people circling the crisis from above,” says \"Shelter\" playwright \u003ca href=\"http://www.marissachibas.com/bio.html\">Marissa Chibas\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There's no question that we are wanting to let these kids' voices be heard and their personal stories to be revealed. And those are the stories that we’re not hearing enough of,” says Chibas. “About just how dangerous it is back home for some of these kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924110\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10924110 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-800x505.jpg\" alt=\"Actors rehearse for "Shelter" at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \" width=\"800\" height=\"505\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-400x252.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-1180x744.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-960x606.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Actors rehearse for 'Shelter' at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chibas met and interviewed several young immigrants while writing the script. Many were fleeing poverty or murderous organized gangs. All are still living in the U.S., their immigration cases pending in federal court. Some of them also had a chance to meet and speak with the actors and check out a preview of \"Shelter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't think I've ever been more nervous for anything in my life than the night they were watching,” laughs Chibas. “But they recognized themselves and one of the young woman said: 'I feel represented.' And I felt like, OK, we’ve done our job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After its run of performances at L.A.’s Lincoln Park wraps up next weekend, producers hope to take the play on the road to other cities across the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sunrise is just starting to peak through the palm trees at Lincoln Park in East L.A. as a flatbed truck hauling a sky-blue shipping container pulls up at the edge of a dirt volleyball court. At 20 feet across and 8 feet tall, it’s the main set piece and stage for a play produced by the California Institute of the Arts called \"\u003ca href=\"http://centerfornewperformance.org/project/shelter/\">Shelter\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a lot of ways, that shipping container is kind of an abstraction of a railroad car. But it's also this metaphor of a box where people are trapped, a box where people are kept and corralled, so it functions on a variety of levels,” says producer Mark Valdez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258066894&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258066894'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The play, produced by the California Institute of the Arts, revolves around a band of teenage migrants as they make the journey north to the U.S. without parents or adult guardians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it follows their journeys, from leaving their home countries, traveling through Mexico on ‘La Bestia’, the beast, which is what they call the train that crosses through the entirety of Mexico,” explains Valdez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At an evening dress rehearsal earlier this week, young actors from CalArts run through the action under the watchful eye of veteran Mexico City-based stage director Martin Acosta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-800x520.jpg\" alt=\""Shelter" director Martin Acosta talks to actors before a recent rehearsal at L.A.'s Lincoln Park.\" width=\"800\" height=\"520\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10924033\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-800x520.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-400x260.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-1180x768.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterDirector-960x625.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"Shelter\" director Martin Acosta talks to actors before a recent rehearsal at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s actually my first experience outside, outdoors. I am learning,” laughs Acosta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a physical performance. Actors roll and tumble across the dust. They dance, sing, kick a soccer ball around and perch themselves atop that makeshift 8-foot train car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Actually, there is a train,” says Acosta, as a freighter rumbles along the Union Pacific rail line that runs by Lincoln Park’s southern tip. “It probably (will) come during the performance. I think it’s great.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shelter\" is being presented with no barriers between “the stage” and the day-day-day life of this largely Latino East L.A. neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924043\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10924043 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Actors rehearse for the play "Shelter" at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-800x510.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-400x255.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterSoccerBall-960x612.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Actors rehearse for the play 'Shelter' at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>No tickets are required for the free performances. People can stay and watch the whole thing. Or just watch a few scenes as they pass through the park. During rehearsal, children on bicycles, joggers and dog walkers watch the drama unfold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shelter’s\" story is rooted in the mass migration of tens of thousands of young people who have crossed or tried crossing into the U.S. illegally over the last few years. The number of unaccompanied minors apprehended by U.S. authorities spiked in 2014, though thousands still risk the journey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a way, they are looking for more than the American dream. They are looking for their families. And during the travel they are invisible because it's getting dangerous for them,” says Acosta\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shelter\" walks a fine line between drama and politics. In one scene three teenage girls confide their fears to one another while curled up on cots in a temporary federal holding facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"315\" src=\"http://www.hulu.com/embed.html?eid=g3jn8cyf0ynrvlt34nphka\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Has anyone, you know, hurt you?” asks one girl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No, not here, we’re safe here,” says another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do you know that?” wonders another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another scene the same actors adopt the voices and actual words of real-life pundits, politicians and activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This crisis is Obama-made,” exclaims one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have heard from all their friends and relatives that if they get to the U.S. all will be taken care of,” says another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We call that section, people circling the crisis from above,” says \"Shelter\" playwright \u003ca href=\"http://www.marissachibas.com/bio.html\">Marissa Chibas\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There's no question that we are wanting to let these kids' voices be heard and their personal stories to be revealed. And those are the stories that we’re not hearing enough of,” says Chibas. “About just how dangerous it is back home for some of these kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10924110\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10924110 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-800x505.jpg\" alt=\"Actors rehearse for "Shelter" at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \" width=\"800\" height=\"505\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-400x252.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-1180x744.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/ShelterWhiteShirt-960x606.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Actors rehearse for 'Shelter' at L.A.'s Lincoln Park. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chibas met and interviewed several young immigrants while writing the script. Many were fleeing poverty or murderous organized gangs. All are still living in the U.S., their immigration cases pending in federal court. Some of them also had a chance to meet and speak with the actors and check out a preview of \"Shelter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don't think I've ever been more nervous for anything in my life than the night they were watching,” laughs Chibas. “But they recognized themselves and one of the young woman said: 'I feel represented.' And I felt like, OK, we’ve done our job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After its run of performances at L.A.’s Lincoln Park wraps up next weekend, producers hope to take the play on the road to other cities across the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "as-june-primary-nears-latina-influence-could-be-key-to-turnout",
"title": "As June Primary Nears, Latina Influence Could Be Key to Turnout",
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"headTitle": "As June Primary Nears, Latina Influence Could Be Key to Turnout | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s lunchtime in Watts, and Norma Salas and others have gathered in a home on Juniper Street to enjoy homemade tostadas and talk about a problem that’s growing more critical as California’s June 7 primary draws closer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue: \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/02/03/57155/california-counts-demographics-changing-in-watts-b/\">Few people vote\u003c/a> in this South Los Angeles neighborhood, and as the community grapples with high crime rates, poverty and unemployment, community activists wonder how these problems will get solved when so many feel disengaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/256481992″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mother of four, Salas worries daily about keeping her kids safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying really hard to keep control of our lives, but all these politicians are the people who make decisions,” she said. “So we have to, if we want it to go our way, we have to speak up. And so if we do not vote then it’s not going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As get-out-the-vote efforts ramp up in California ahead of the primary election, the influence of women, even those who like Salas can’t cast a ballot, could prove key in fulfilling the promise of the Latino vote this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10913478\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10913478\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Norma Salas (L) talks with Keshia Mills at a home in Watts where a lunch discussion focused on voting on Feb. 10, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Norma Salas (L) talks with Keshia Mills at a home in Watts where a lunch discussion focused on voting on Feb. 10, 2016. \u003ccite>(Dan Tuffs/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With over 6.9 million eligible Latino voters in the state, their collective influence could be substantial if participation is high. Low turnout in the past in communities like Watts, however, has blunted their political standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fewer than 17 percent of Latinos voted in most of Watts’ precincts during the 2014 general election. That’s about 5 percentage points lower than the total population’s turnout in most areas of Watts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Resident Mery Alvarez said she feels like politicians have left Watts behind. She’d like to see more of them reach out to residents and provide civic education to the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mobilizing the Vote\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the women chatting over lunch here are Latina mothers and, although some are ineligible to vote since they’re not U.S. citizens, they are a secret weapon of sorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They care about Watts deeply and they’re telling their family members why voting matters, and in some cases, who and what they should vote for.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">It’s not celebrities nor community leaders who are best at convincing citizens to vote, but rather family members.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Leticia Martinez pays attention to the newspapers and candidates, but she can’t vote. Her husband, who can vote, doesn’t read up on the candidates or the issues. “When it’s time to vote, I tell him, ‘This is who you’re going to vote for,'” she said, speaking in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Latino families, such influence is not unusual, according to Angelica Peña, California deputy director of civic engagement for the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.naleo.org/\">National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials Education Fund\u003c/a> (NALEO).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we asked which family members folks felt would be best to engage them, we heard a lot of responses that were female — so my mother, my grandmother, my sister,” Peña said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peña calls these people the “messengers,” those most likely to motivate other Latinos to get out and vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s this misconception that there’s apathy among our community members and that people don’t want to vote because they just don’t care. And that’s actually untrue,” she said. “It’s not for a lack of interest or not understanding the importance of an election but just the feeling like they couldn’t relate to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10913477\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10913477\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Leticia Martinez attends a discussion on the upcoming 2016 elections in Watts on Feb. 10, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leticia Martinez attends a discussion on the upcoming 2016 elections in Watts on Feb. 10, 2016. \u003ccite>(Dan Tuffs/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>NALEO conducted research in 2014 to uncover what practices proved most effective in mobilizing Latino voters. The group found that it’s not celebrities nor community leaders who are best at convincing citizens to vote, but rather family members, including the women closest to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside Peña’s NALEO office recently, about a dozen workers were busy answering phone calls at the group’s call center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, the desks will be filled with phone canvassers working the phones to get out the vote as part of a nonpartisan campaign. They will be putting the insights from NALEO’s voter research to the test, refining exactly who and what message works best to get Latinos to cast their ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One longtime hotline worker is Lillian Meza. A mother and a messenger herself, Meza regularly encourages others to register to vote, jumping on social media platforms like Facebook to spread the word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”jCzWtNlvyfbJl7rTT6qmajqvT32yQFHQ”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meza has even done this work within her own family. She recently convinced her 19 and 21-year-old daughters to register to vote. This year will be the first time they’ll participate in a presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here in California we have online registration. So their morning breakfast, [I ask] did you register to vote already. Did you register to vote already? It only takes five minutes online,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meza’s oldest daughter, Shirley Guzman, said in hindsight, she’s glad her mother pressed her to register.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She would bring it up every single time,” she said. “It was almost frustrating, but we understood like the importance of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Meza, she said she doesn’t care who her daughters pick in the upcoming presidential election, just as long as they vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2015 KPCC. To see more election coverage, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s lunchtime in Watts, and Norma Salas and others have gathered in a home on Juniper Street to enjoy homemade tostadas and talk about a problem that’s growing more critical as California’s June 7 primary draws closer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue: \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/02/03/57155/california-counts-demographics-changing-in-watts-b/\">Few people vote\u003c/a> in this South Los Angeles neighborhood, and as the community grapples with high crime rates, poverty and unemployment, community activists wonder how these problems will get solved when so many feel disengaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/256481992″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/256481992″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mother of four, Salas worries daily about keeping her kids safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying really hard to keep control of our lives, but all these politicians are the people who make decisions,” she said. “So we have to, if we want it to go our way, we have to speak up. And so if we do not vote then it’s not going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As get-out-the-vote efforts ramp up in California ahead of the primary election, the influence of women, even those who like Salas can’t cast a ballot, could prove key in fulfilling the promise of the Latino vote this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10913478\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10913478\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Norma Salas (L) talks with Keshia Mills at a home in Watts where a lunch discussion focused on voting on Feb. 10, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119568-full.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Norma Salas (L) talks with Keshia Mills at a home in Watts where a lunch discussion focused on voting on Feb. 10, 2016. \u003ccite>(Dan Tuffs/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With over 6.9 million eligible Latino voters in the state, their collective influence could be substantial if participation is high. Low turnout in the past in communities like Watts, however, has blunted their political standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fewer than 17 percent of Latinos voted in most of Watts’ precincts during the 2014 general election. That’s about 5 percentage points lower than the total population’s turnout in most areas of Watts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Resident Mery Alvarez said she feels like politicians have left Watts behind. She’d like to see more of them reach out to residents and provide civic education to the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mobilizing the Vote\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the women chatting over lunch here are Latina mothers and, although some are ineligible to vote since they’re not U.S. citizens, they are a secret weapon of sorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They care about Watts deeply and they’re telling their family members why voting matters, and in some cases, who and what they should vote for.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">It’s not celebrities nor community leaders who are best at convincing citizens to vote, but rather family members.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Leticia Martinez pays attention to the newspapers and candidates, but she can’t vote. Her husband, who can vote, doesn’t read up on the candidates or the issues. “When it’s time to vote, I tell him, ‘This is who you’re going to vote for,'” she said, speaking in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Latino families, such influence is not unusual, according to Angelica Peña, California deputy director of civic engagement for the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.naleo.org/\">National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials Education Fund\u003c/a> (NALEO).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we asked which family members folks felt would be best to engage them, we heard a lot of responses that were female — so my mother, my grandmother, my sister,” Peña said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peña calls these people the “messengers,” those most likely to motivate other Latinos to get out and vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s this misconception that there’s apathy among our community members and that people don’t want to vote because they just don’t care. And that’s actually untrue,” she said. “It’s not for a lack of interest or not understanding the importance of an election but just the feeling like they couldn’t relate to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10913477\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10913477\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Leticia Martinez attends a discussion on the upcoming 2016 elections in Watts on Feb. 10, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/119577-full.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leticia Martinez attends a discussion on the upcoming 2016 elections in Watts on Feb. 10, 2016. \u003ccite>(Dan Tuffs/KPCC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>NALEO conducted research in 2014 to uncover what practices proved most effective in mobilizing Latino voters. The group found that it’s not celebrities nor community leaders who are best at convincing citizens to vote, but rather family members, including the women closest to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside Peña’s NALEO office recently, about a dozen workers were busy answering phone calls at the group’s call center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, the desks will be filled with phone canvassers working the phones to get out the vote as part of a nonpartisan campaign. They will be putting the insights from NALEO’s voter research to the test, refining exactly who and what message works best to get Latinos to cast their ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One longtime hotline worker is Lillian Meza. A mother and a messenger herself, Meza regularly encourages others to register to vote, jumping on social media platforms like Facebook to spread the word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meza has even done this work within her own family. She recently convinced her 19 and 21-year-old daughters to register to vote. This year will be the first time they’ll participate in a presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here in California we have online registration. So their morning breakfast, [I ask] did you register to vote already. Did you register to vote already? It only takes five minutes online,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meza’s oldest daughter, Shirley Guzman, said in hindsight, she’s glad her mother pressed her to register.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She would bring it up every single time,” she said. “It was almost frustrating, but we understood like the importance of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Meza, she said she doesn’t care who her daughters pick in the upcoming presidential election, just as long as they vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2015 KPCC. To see more election coverage, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Who Votes, Who Doesn't? The Haves and the Have Nots",
"title": "Who Votes, Who Doesn't? The Haves and the Have Nots",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Eighty-two percent of California's adults are eligible to vote, but only half will bother to cast ballots in 2016. And those who do vote will not reflect the state's diversity. That's a key takeaway of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=705\" target=\"_blank\">California's Exclusive Electorate\u003c/a>, a new report from the Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) examining voter participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PPIC study found that the half of adults who vote tend to be older, whiter, more affluent and better educated than non-voters, who tend to be younger, Latino, renters and less wealthy than those who cast ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California's population is 42 percent white and 36 percent Latino, six in 10 California voters are white and only 18 percent are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The divide between voters and non-voters appears to be deep, persistent, and difficult to bridge.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The result, PPIC researchers say, is that the \"haves\" are making important decisions for the \"have nots,\" and in a state that often makes critical public policy decisions at the ballot box, that creates the risk of undermining confidence in elections and government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, PPIC found that when it comes to issues like bridging the gap between rich and poor, seven in 10 Californians who are \u003cem>not\u003c/em> registered to vote think the government should do more to help low-income people. For \u003cem>likely voters\u003c/em>, a little over 5 in 10 believe government should do more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The divide between voters and non-voters appears to be deep, persistent and difficult to bridge,\" said Mark Baldassare, PPIC president and CEO. \"It will have far-reaching consequences this fall, when issues as important as the minimum wage, school bonds and the death penalty are likely to be on the ballot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is taking steps to increase voter participation. There are more than 7 million eligible voters who have not bothered to register and soon, under AB-1461, the California Department of Motor Vehicles will begin automatically registering eligible voters who come into the DMV for a drivers license, unless they deliberately opt out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"H9oSXAAwDmXDowTTGUpFqLlw1FkGMtgw\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the PPIC report finds that's only part of the battle. Once they're registered they have to be motivated to actually cast a ballot. The key, according to PPIC researchers, is civic engagement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When registered voters are asked why they do not always vote, their top reasons are also a lack of interest and time as well as little confidence and trust,\" the PPIC report said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Public and private efforts, including targeted drives to increase civics education, voter registration and voting among underrepresented groups (such as Latino, Asian, low-income, renters and youth communities) could result in more diversity in the electorate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of voter participation is partly explained by immigration. Immigrants who come from places with military dictatorships or corrupt elections may not trust democracy or the electoral process. In return, they may not become citizens, register to vote or even talk with their children about the importance of civic engagement at home around the kitchen table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the more reason, PPIC says, for schools and other public institutions to encourage participation in our democracy.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Eighty-two percent of California's adults are eligible to vote, but only half will bother to cast ballots in 2016. And those who do vote will not reflect the state's diversity. That's a key takeaway of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=705\" target=\"_blank\">California's Exclusive Electorate\u003c/a>, a new report from the Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) examining voter participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PPIC study found that the half of adults who vote tend to be older, whiter, more affluent and better educated than non-voters, who tend to be younger, Latino, renters and less wealthy than those who cast ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California's population is 42 percent white and 36 percent Latino, six in 10 California voters are white and only 18 percent are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The divide between voters and non-voters appears to be deep, persistent, and difficult to bridge.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The result, PPIC researchers say, is that the \"haves\" are making important decisions for the \"have nots,\" and in a state that often makes critical public policy decisions at the ballot box, that creates the risk of undermining confidence in elections and government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, PPIC found that when it comes to issues like bridging the gap between rich and poor, seven in 10 Californians who are \u003cem>not\u003c/em> registered to vote think the government should do more to help low-income people. For \u003cem>likely voters\u003c/em>, a little over 5 in 10 believe government should do more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The divide between voters and non-voters appears to be deep, persistent and difficult to bridge,\" said Mark Baldassare, PPIC president and CEO. \"It will have far-reaching consequences this fall, when issues as important as the minimum wage, school bonds and the death penalty are likely to be on the ballot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is taking steps to increase voter participation. There are more than 7 million eligible voters who have not bothered to register and soon, under AB-1461, the California Department of Motor Vehicles will begin automatically registering eligible voters who come into the DMV for a drivers license, unless they deliberately opt out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the PPIC report finds that's only part of the battle. Once they're registered they have to be motivated to actually cast a ballot. The key, according to PPIC researchers, is civic engagement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When registered voters are asked why they do not always vote, their top reasons are also a lack of interest and time as well as little confidence and trust,\" the PPIC report said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Public and private efforts, including targeted drives to increase civics education, voter registration and voting among underrepresented groups (such as Latino, Asian, low-income, renters and youth communities) could result in more diversity in the electorate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of voter participation is partly explained by immigration. Immigrants who come from places with military dictatorships or corrupt elections may not trust democracy or the electoral process. In return, they may not become citizens, register to vote or even talk with their children about the importance of civic engagement at home around the kitchen table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the more reason, PPIC says, for schools and other public institutions to encourage participation in our democracy.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Will Central Valley Town’s Latinos Lose Political Clout If Youth Don’t Vote?",
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"content": "\u003cp>When we \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/24/central-valley-teen-is-familys-only-vote-but-will-she-cast-a-ballot\">last visited the Central Valley farm town of Lindsay\u003c/a>, Amy Huerta and her brother, Luis, were in the middle of a pretty intense dinnertime conversation about voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, these are things that matter,” says Luis, who can’t vote because he’s undocumented. Amy is 18, and she could be the first in her family to vote, so he’s putting a lot of pressure on her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t always take his side,” laughs Amy. “I don’t always do what he tells me to do, because we both have different minds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/255017454″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other potential young voters in Lindsay come from families where politics are not a main course during family dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘It Doesn’t Matter If I Vote or Not’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across town from the Huerta household, 22-year-old Cassandra Baca’s daughter, Amoriee, just woke up from a nap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baca says she hasn’t really thought at all about voting. She’s got enough on her plate as a single mom with a baby. She works as a kitchen assistant in a facility for senior citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t matter if I vote or not. I don’t think it would count. It really doesn’t have anything to do with me,” she says, as she tries to distract the baby by jangling her car keys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cassandra’s dad migrated from Mexico to work in the fields. After she got her GED, she picked fruit in the citrus orchards, too, climbing on top of the tall ladders and braving the thorny branches to pick lemons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10905494\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-800x827.jpg\" alt=\"Cassandra Baca, 22, and her baby daughter, Amoriee. Baca says she's too busy as a working single mom to think about voting.\" width=\"800\" height=\"827\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10905494\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-800x827.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-400x414.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-1180x1220.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-960x993.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cassandra Baca, 22, and her baby daughter, Amoriee. Baca says she’s too busy as a working single mom to think about voting. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for working in the fields?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was hard, but it was a lesson,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Was the lesson that she didn’t want to do it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, to do something better than working in the fields. It was a good experience to know you can work hard for your money, and that’s not an easy job,” she says. “A lot of Americans just sit around on their desk while immigrants are actually out here, from the dawn to when the sun goes down, working in the fields.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the only thing that’s caught her attention this election season has been Donald Trump’s message about immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the stuff he’s been saying about Mexicans,” says Baca. “If it wasn’t for the immigrants, we wouldn’t have any fruit or vegetables. So I think it’s pretty cruel for him to be out there doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe, just maybe, she says, Trump might be enough to drive her to the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But so far, no one has ever encouraged her to register to vote or to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that makes perfect sense,” says Lindsay’s first Latina mayor, \u003ca href=\"http://www.lindsay.ca.us/citygov/council/\">Ramona Villarreal-Padilla\u003c/a>. “If you’ve never heard why it’s important to vote, if you’ve never seen Latinos moving forward and being in office, if you’ve never seen or been exposed to that, how would one make that first move?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Latinos’ Hard-Won Political Power\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latinos make up more than 85 percent of Lindsay’s population. Padilla is in her 50s, and she says when she was growing up here, the town was mostly white, and controlled by white farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If everybody thought voting wasn’t important, we wouldn’t be moving forward in the Latino movement.’\u003ccite>Mayor Ramona Villarreal-Padilla\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>She says it’s taken a long time for Latinos to achieve a balance of power in local government. Now three out of the five members on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.lindsay.ca.us/citygov/council/\">City Council\u003c/a> are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she worries that the activism that helped sweep Latinos like her into power in Lindsay could be diminished by a generation of would-be voters who are less politically engaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If everybody thought voting wasn’t important, we wouldn’t be moving forward in the Latino movement, the Latino caucus, or anywhere you see that Latinos make a difference, because we are the majority,” says Padilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla says her father marched with Cesar Chavez, and farmworkers were always stopping by their house for advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though my dad wasn’t on city council or anything, he was an activist for the people’s voice,” explains Padilla. “I think that’s the ethic and the legacy that I’m taking over from my father, still being a voice for here in the town where I was raised.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla says her dad, who had only a second-grade education, taught his 14 children the importance of voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t think it really mattered. But my dad, if he left anything for any of us to know, he says, ‘If you don’t vote, or don’t register to vote, then the government will take your voice away.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10905499\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-800x503.jpg\" alt=\"Lindsay, California is a town of about 12,000 in the heart of the state's citrus farming belt in Tulare County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"503\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10905499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-800x503.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-400x251.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-1180x742.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-960x604.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lindsay, California is a town of about 12,000 in the heart of the state’s citrus farming belt in Tulare County. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like a lot of mayors from small towns and mid-size cities, Padilla is hardly a fat-cat politician. As mayor, she receives only a $75 stipend each month. Her day job is as a mental health clinician in the schools. She’s also working toward a Ph.D. in psychology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla takes me on a tour of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mcdermontfieldhouse.com/\">McDermont Field House\u003c/a>, a former citrus packinghouse that the city turned into 172,000-square-foot indoor sports complex. It’s got indoor soccer fields, the largest laser tag space in the world and an indoor wave rider where landlocked farm kids can hang ten on a man-made swell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a project for Lindsay to be a fit city,” explains Padilla. “To improve engagement of youth in Lindsay, to have a place where they can come and not get themselves into trouble.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”TP90BZhO4e3Q1CC3ok1y0YzLetfcYjS7″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But trouble came nonetheless. Not from kids, but through alleged financial mismanagement by previous city leaders that has left Lindsay’s current administration trying to figure out to pay for the sports complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla says she’s trying to bring more transparency to the city and to get residents engaged. And that means all residents, including undocumented farmworkers who can’t vote. And their children, who can, but maybe don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Amy Huerta. The mayor has a message for her:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Amy, I get the sense that you’re thinking that it might not make a difference whether you would vote,” Padilla says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d like to say to you that it does make a difference because I remember from Lindsay City Council, people won by one vote. That (one vote) could be you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When we \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/24/central-valley-teen-is-familys-only-vote-but-will-she-cast-a-ballot\">last visited the Central Valley farm town of Lindsay\u003c/a>, Amy Huerta and her brother, Luis, were in the middle of a pretty intense dinnertime conversation about voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, these are things that matter,” says Luis, who can’t vote because he’s undocumented. Amy is 18, and she could be the first in her family to vote, so he’s putting a lot of pressure on her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t always take his side,” laughs Amy. “I don’t always do what he tells me to do, because we both have different minds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/255017454″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/255017454″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other potential young voters in Lindsay come from families where politics are not a main course during family dinner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘It Doesn’t Matter If I Vote or Not’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across town from the Huerta household, 22-year-old Cassandra Baca’s daughter, Amoriee, just woke up from a nap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baca says she hasn’t really thought at all about voting. She’s got enough on her plate as a single mom with a baby. She works as a kitchen assistant in a facility for senior citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t matter if I vote or not. I don’t think it would count. It really doesn’t have anything to do with me,” she says, as she tries to distract the baby by jangling her car keys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cassandra’s dad migrated from Mexico to work in the fields. After she got her GED, she picked fruit in the citrus orchards, too, climbing on top of the tall ladders and braving the thorny branches to pick lemons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10905494\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-800x827.jpg\" alt=\"Cassandra Baca, 22, and her baby daughter, Amoriee. Baca says she's too busy as a working single mom to think about voting.\" width=\"800\" height=\"827\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10905494\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-800x827.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-400x414.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-1180x1220.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-960x993.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/CassandraBaca-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cassandra Baca, 22, and her baby daughter, Amoriee. Baca says she’s too busy as a working single mom to think about voting. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for working in the fields?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was hard, but it was a lesson,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Was the lesson that she didn’t want to do it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, to do something better than working in the fields. It was a good experience to know you can work hard for your money, and that’s not an easy job,” she says. “A lot of Americans just sit around on their desk while immigrants are actually out here, from the dawn to when the sun goes down, working in the fields.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the only thing that’s caught her attention this election season has been Donald Trump’s message about immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the stuff he’s been saying about Mexicans,” says Baca. “If it wasn’t for the immigrants, we wouldn’t have any fruit or vegetables. So I think it’s pretty cruel for him to be out there doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe, just maybe, she says, Trump might be enough to drive her to the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But so far, no one has ever encouraged her to register to vote or to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that makes perfect sense,” says Lindsay’s first Latina mayor, \u003ca href=\"http://www.lindsay.ca.us/citygov/council/\">Ramona Villarreal-Padilla\u003c/a>. “If you’ve never heard why it’s important to vote, if you’ve never seen Latinos moving forward and being in office, if you’ve never seen or been exposed to that, how would one make that first move?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Latinos’ Hard-Won Political Power\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latinos make up more than 85 percent of Lindsay’s population. Padilla is in her 50s, and she says when she was growing up here, the town was mostly white, and controlled by white farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If everybody thought voting wasn’t important, we wouldn’t be moving forward in the Latino movement.’\u003ccite>Mayor Ramona Villarreal-Padilla\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>She says it’s taken a long time for Latinos to achieve a balance of power in local government. Now three out of the five members on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.lindsay.ca.us/citygov/council/\">City Council\u003c/a> are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she worries that the activism that helped sweep Latinos like her into power in Lindsay could be diminished by a generation of would-be voters who are less politically engaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If everybody thought voting wasn’t important, we wouldn’t be moving forward in the Latino movement, the Latino caucus, or anywhere you see that Latinos make a difference, because we are the majority,” says Padilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla says her father marched with Cesar Chavez, and farmworkers were always stopping by their house for advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though my dad wasn’t on city council or anything, he was an activist for the people’s voice,” explains Padilla. “I think that’s the ethic and the legacy that I’m taking over from my father, still being a voice for here in the town where I was raised.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla says her dad, who had only a second-grade education, taught his 14 children the importance of voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t think it really mattered. But my dad, if he left anything for any of us to know, he says, ‘If you don’t vote, or don’t register to vote, then the government will take your voice away.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10905499\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-800x503.jpg\" alt=\"Lindsay, California is a town of about 12,000 in the heart of the state's citrus farming belt in Tulare County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"503\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10905499\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-800x503.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-400x251.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-1180x742.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/DowntownLindsay-960x604.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lindsay, California is a town of about 12,000 in the heart of the state’s citrus farming belt in Tulare County. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like a lot of mayors from small towns and mid-size cities, Padilla is hardly a fat-cat politician. As mayor, she receives only a $75 stipend each month. Her day job is as a mental health clinician in the schools. She’s also working toward a Ph.D. in psychology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla takes me on a tour of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mcdermontfieldhouse.com/\">McDermont Field House\u003c/a>, a former citrus packinghouse that the city turned into 172,000-square-foot indoor sports complex. It’s got indoor soccer fields, the largest laser tag space in the world and an indoor wave rider where landlocked farm kids can hang ten on a man-made swell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a project for Lindsay to be a fit city,” explains Padilla. “To improve engagement of youth in Lindsay, to have a place where they can come and not get themselves into trouble.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But trouble came nonetheless. Not from kids, but through alleged financial mismanagement by previous city leaders that has left Lindsay’s current administration trying to figure out to pay for the sports complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Padilla says she’s trying to bring more transparency to the city and to get residents engaged. And that means all residents, including undocumented farmworkers who can’t vote. And their children, who can, but maybe don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Amy Huerta. The mayor has a message for her:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Amy, I get the sense that you’re thinking that it might not make a difference whether you would vote,” Padilla says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d like to say to you that it does make a difference because I remember from Lindsay City Council, people won by one vote. That (one vote) could be you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California's Janitors, Security Guards Face 'Inferior Working Conditions'",
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"content": "\u003cp>Maria Trujillo cleaned buildings for 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday, she was leading a chant at a rally outside the state Capitol, calling for an end to abusive working conditions and sexual harassment for janitors like herself who have experienced sexual assault on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the beginning, I felt really worthless,\" said Trujillo. \"I felt like I was worth nothing. I felt like as an immigrant woman, I had to take this, and anyone could step all over me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Assemblywoman Lorena Gonzalez attended the same rally, where she \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/blog/a-plan-is-emerging-to-fight-the-sexual-abuse-of-janitors-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\"> announced that her office is working on a bill\u003c/a> to increase protections for female janitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/251051351\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez said she was moved to tears by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/night-shift\" target=\"_blank\">\"Rape on the Night Shift,\"\u003c/a> a collaboration between Reveal, the Investigative Reporting Program at UC Berkeley, KQED, Frontline and Univision, and that it inspired her to improve conditions for women who are subject to abuse while cleaning buildings alone at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday's rallies -- which also marked International Women's Day -- came as a \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/pdf/2016/Race-to-the-Bottom.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">new study\u003c/a> released by UC Berkeley's \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Center for Labor Research and Education\u003c/a> linked subcontracting work to lower wages, fewer benefits, risk of sexual assault and other employment law violations, compared with non-subcontracted workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers looked at janitorial and security service workers in California over a 30-year period to examine the impact of subcontract work on job quality outcomes for more than 200,000 service workers laboring under a subcontract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10889886\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10889886\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-800x490.jpg\" alt=\"Protesters rally in support of janitors, and to bring attention to issues of sexual harassment and assault in the workplace at the state Capitol on March 8, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-800x490.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-400x245.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-1180x723.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-960x588.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters rally in support of janitors, and to bring attention to issues of sexual harassment and assault in the workplace at the state Capitol on March 8, 2016. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They found that wages within the property services industry have declined or remained stagnant, even as employment in the janitorial and security industry has increased faster than other sectors of the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contracted janitors earned 20 percent less than noncontracted janitors, while contracted security officers earned 18 percent less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the first time we’ve been able to look specifically at this industry and confirm that the trend of low wages and poor work incomes is associated with subcontracting over time,\" said Sara Hinkley, a postdoctoral fellow at the\u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\"> Labor Center at UC Berkeley\u003c/a> and an author the study. \"We're talking about a significant number of workers that really represent the archetype of subcontracting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also shows that contracted workers are significantly less likely to have health insurance. Thirty-five percent of contracted janitors had health insurance through their employer or union, while 62 percent of noncontracted janitors had health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>High Risk of Sexual Harassment and Assault\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In looking at sexual harassment and assault in the workplace, researchers repeatedly cited reporting from \"Rape on the Night Shift.\" They found that the property services industry is structured in a way that leaves workers \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/23/former-janitors-go-undercover-to-clean-up-abuses-rape-on-the-night-shift/\" target=\"_blank\">vulnerable\u003c/a> to sexual assault and afraid to report it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Janitors and security officers tend to work alone at night in empty buildings and are isolated from almost everyone except their immediate supervisor,\" said Helen Chen, co-author of the study and coordinator of public programs at the UC Berkeley Labor Occupational Health Program. \"\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/23/working-alone-at-night-janitors-risk-sexual-violence-rape-on-the-night-shift/\" target=\"_blank\">This isolation is a major risk factor \u003c/a>for sexual harassment, particularly when the harasser is their supervisor, which is a common occurrence in this industry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several other factors that researchers found increase the risk of sexual harassment include lack of accountability and lack of resources for prevention services on the part of smaller employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers add that a workplace culture that does not support survivors, coupled with a high number of immigrant and undocumented female workers, leaves many in fear of retribution. Thus, many incidents go unreported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We talked to one janitor who was sexually propositioned by her supervisor and harassed for a year,\" said Chen. \"That same supervisor harassed other women in the workplace and was never reprimanded. Employers generally do not have sexual harassment policies in place, and if they do, those policies are inadequate or are not enforced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Disproportionately Affecting Immigrants, People of Color\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Latinos make up 37 percent of California's overall workforce, they make up 82 percent of contracted janitors and 41 percent of those who are not contracted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"oQktQM16n0yp7JDEd8B58VzE3wImXj8R\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of contracted janitors are also immigrants, with 75 percent of them being foreign-born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have a situation where contractors use the situation of immigrant status and gender as a means to create an environment of exploitation and harassment,\" said David Huerta, president of \u003ca href=\"http://www.seiu-usww.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Service Employees International Union United Service Workers West\u003c/a>, which represents 45,000 service workers throughout California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Security officers are less likely to be immigrants because of the English-language requirements for the job. However, they are more likely to be African-American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are things we've been talking about for some time now,,\" said Huerta. \"And as we start talking about the issue of racial justice and immigrant justice in this country, more and more we're going to see that this dysfunction within subcontract industries exist.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>High Competition, Lower wages\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In talking with employers and industry experts, researchers found that the intense competition between contract companies, coupled with the labor-intensive nature of contract work, is what puts wages and working conditions on the chopping block.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because labor cost accounts for the largest percentage of a contractor's cost of doing business, companies often find themselves unable to compete if their prices don't remain competitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The most room that they have to cut costs is in the group of expenditures associated with hiring workers,\" said Hinkley. \"They're continually competing with companies that are offering lower and lower costs based on being able to reduce the amount of money they spend on labor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In conducting her research, Hinkley did find that there are employers out there who were genuine about wanting to offer their workers good jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These employers want to compete based on offering quality services, innovation and productivity enhancements. But instead, they have to compete in a market that's all about cutting labor costs,\" said Hinkley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Huerta, who represents property service workers on the West Coast, his union's relatively strong footprint isn't cause for celebration. He notes that it's important to recognize the work to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This study indicates where progress has been made, but also shows where progress hasn't been made, and the reality that subcontractors had on the depressed wages on this industry and our economy,\" Huerta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chen, who co-authored the report's section on sexual assault and harassment, said her office is developing a set of recommendations for the property service industry that will be released in April.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Maria Trujillo cleaned buildings for 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday, she was leading a chant at a rally outside the state Capitol, calling for an end to abusive working conditions and sexual harassment for janitors like herself who have experienced sexual assault on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the beginning, I felt really worthless,\" said Trujillo. \"I felt like I was worth nothing. I felt like as an immigrant woman, I had to take this, and anyone could step all over me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Assemblywoman Lorena Gonzalez attended the same rally, where she \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/blog/a-plan-is-emerging-to-fight-the-sexual-abuse-of-janitors-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\"> announced that her office is working on a bill\u003c/a> to increase protections for female janitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/251051351&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/251051351'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez said she was moved to tears by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/night-shift\" target=\"_blank\">\"Rape on the Night Shift,\"\u003c/a> a collaboration between Reveal, the Investigative Reporting Program at UC Berkeley, KQED, Frontline and Univision, and that it inspired her to improve conditions for women who are subject to abuse while cleaning buildings alone at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday's rallies -- which also marked International Women's Day -- came as a \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/pdf/2016/Race-to-the-Bottom.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">new study\u003c/a> released by UC Berkeley's \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Center for Labor Research and Education\u003c/a> linked subcontracting work to lower wages, fewer benefits, risk of sexual assault and other employment law violations, compared with non-subcontracted workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers looked at janitorial and security service workers in California over a 30-year period to examine the impact of subcontract work on job quality outcomes for more than 200,000 service workers laboring under a subcontract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10889886\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10889886\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-800x490.jpg\" alt=\"Protesters rally in support of janitors, and to bring attention to issues of sexual harassment and assault in the workplace at the state Capitol on March 8, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-800x490.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-400x245.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-1180x723.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/RS18732_JanitorsRally-960x588.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters rally in support of janitors, and to bring attention to issues of sexual harassment and assault in the workplace at the state Capitol on March 8, 2016. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They found that wages within the property services industry have declined or remained stagnant, even as employment in the janitorial and security industry has increased faster than other sectors of the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contracted janitors earned 20 percent less than noncontracted janitors, while contracted security officers earned 18 percent less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the first time we’ve been able to look specifically at this industry and confirm that the trend of low wages and poor work incomes is associated with subcontracting over time,\" said Sara Hinkley, a postdoctoral fellow at the\u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\"> Labor Center at UC Berkeley\u003c/a> and an author the study. \"We're talking about a significant number of workers that really represent the archetype of subcontracting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also shows that contracted workers are significantly less likely to have health insurance. Thirty-five percent of contracted janitors had health insurance through their employer or union, while 62 percent of noncontracted janitors had health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>High Risk of Sexual Harassment and Assault\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In looking at sexual harassment and assault in the workplace, researchers repeatedly cited reporting from \"Rape on the Night Shift.\" They found that the property services industry is structured in a way that leaves workers \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/23/former-janitors-go-undercover-to-clean-up-abuses-rape-on-the-night-shift/\" target=\"_blank\">vulnerable\u003c/a> to sexual assault and afraid to report it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Janitors and security officers tend to work alone at night in empty buildings and are isolated from almost everyone except their immediate supervisor,\" said Helen Chen, co-author of the study and coordinator of public programs at the UC Berkeley Labor Occupational Health Program. \"\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/23/working-alone-at-night-janitors-risk-sexual-violence-rape-on-the-night-shift/\" target=\"_blank\">This isolation is a major risk factor \u003c/a>for sexual harassment, particularly when the harasser is their supervisor, which is a common occurrence in this industry.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several other factors that researchers found increase the risk of sexual harassment include lack of accountability and lack of resources for prevention services on the part of smaller employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers add that a workplace culture that does not support survivors, coupled with a high number of immigrant and undocumented female workers, leaves many in fear of retribution. Thus, many incidents go unreported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We talked to one janitor who was sexually propositioned by her supervisor and harassed for a year,\" said Chen. \"That same supervisor harassed other women in the workplace and was never reprimanded. Employers generally do not have sexual harassment policies in place, and if they do, those policies are inadequate or are not enforced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Disproportionately Affecting Immigrants, People of Color\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Latinos make up 37 percent of California's overall workforce, they make up 82 percent of contracted janitors and 41 percent of those who are not contracted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of contracted janitors are also immigrants, with 75 percent of them being foreign-born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have a situation where contractors use the situation of immigrant status and gender as a means to create an environment of exploitation and harassment,\" said David Huerta, president of \u003ca href=\"http://www.seiu-usww.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Service Employees International Union United Service Workers West\u003c/a>, which represents 45,000 service workers throughout California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Security officers are less likely to be immigrants because of the English-language requirements for the job. However, they are more likely to be African-American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are things we've been talking about for some time now,,\" said Huerta. \"And as we start talking about the issue of racial justice and immigrant justice in this country, more and more we're going to see that this dysfunction within subcontract industries exist.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>High Competition, Lower wages\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In talking with employers and industry experts, researchers found that the intense competition between contract companies, coupled with the labor-intensive nature of contract work, is what puts wages and working conditions on the chopping block.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because labor cost accounts for the largest percentage of a contractor's cost of doing business, companies often find themselves unable to compete if their prices don't remain competitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The most room that they have to cut costs is in the group of expenditures associated with hiring workers,\" said Hinkley. \"They're continually competing with companies that are offering lower and lower costs based on being able to reduce the amount of money they spend on labor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In conducting her research, Hinkley did find that there are employers out there who were genuine about wanting to offer their workers good jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These employers want to compete based on offering quality services, innovation and productivity enhancements. But instead, they have to compete in a market that's all about cutting labor costs,\" said Hinkley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Huerta, who represents property service workers on the West Coast, his union's relatively strong footprint isn't cause for celebration. He notes that it's important to recognize the work to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This study indicates where progress has been made, but also shows where progress hasn't been made, and the reality that subcontractors had on the depressed wages on this industry and our economy,\" Huerta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chen, who co-authored the report's section on sexual assault and harassment, said her office is developing a set of recommendations for the property service industry that will be released in April.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Counts: Mobilizing the State’s Refugee Voters",
"title": "California Counts: Mobilizing the State’s Refugee Voters",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>People up and down the state are trying to crack the code on California's \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/jan/28/why-dont-more-californians-vote/\">dismal voter turnout\u003c/a>, which reached a record low for general elections in 2014. Just 42.2 percent of registered voters cast ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a new law, the Department of Motor Vehicles is getting ready to \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2015/oct/14/will-californias-new-motor-voter-law-boost-turnout/\" target=\"_blank\">register drivers automatically to vote\u003c/a>, and there's talk of \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/take-two/2016/01/26/46056/ca-secretary-of-state-alex-padilla-s-plan-to-get-m/\" target=\"_blank\">sending mail-in ballots\u003c/a> to every registered voter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a San Diego nonprofit, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.panasd.org/\">Partnership for the Advancement of New Americans\u003c/a>, sees untapped potential in one voting bloc: refugees. The group noticed that refugees who do vote tend to never miss an election. They’re super voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/251017007\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How big is the opportunity? California has resettled \u003ca href=\"http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/refugee-resettlement-metropolitan-america\">about 300,000 refugees\u003c/a> since the 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramla Sahid is PANA's executive director and a U.S.-born daughter of Somali refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We grow, we have children, children get married, they have more children. So I think former refugees and new refugees are sort of an underengaged, overlooked, potentially huge voter base that could, I think, impact the way we do things,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10889865\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10889865 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-800x955.jpg\" alt=\"Demographics for San Diego’s Teralta neighborhood in the City Heights area shows 47 percent of voters there are foreign born.\" width=\"800\" height=\"955\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-800x955.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-400x478.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-1180x1409.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-960x1146.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demographics for San Diego’s Teralta neighborhood in the City Heights area shows 47 percent of voters there are foreign born.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sahid is working this election year to replicate on a larger scale what's happening in Mariam Ali's home. Ali lives in San Diego's \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/feb/10/san-diego-neighborhoods-close-distance-miles-apart/\">Teralta\u003c/a> neighborhood, where just 27 percent of registered voters cast ballots in the 2014 general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From War to Ballot Box\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, Ali was cooking pasta for her children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My kids, they love this stuff,\" she said. \"'Mommy, make the alfredo sauce!'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the store-bought kind but spiked with curry and ground African peppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five years ago, Ali was begging nomadic tribes for a pot to boil what little food she had. She and her family had fled \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094503\">civil war in Somalia\u003c/a> and were walking to a refugee camp about 200 miles from their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They took my house, they took my money, they took my belongings and I escaped with nothing,\" Ali said. Rebels were seizing towns amid the fighting between Somalia's Hawiye and Darod clans, of which Ali's family and ousted Somali President Mohamed Siad Barre were members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali went from seeing a government toppled in Somalia to living for years in a Kenyan refugee camp with no civic structure — just United Nations workers keeping things running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, in the United States, Ali is a super voter. That means she's voted in every election since becoming a U.S. citizen in 2003. Her first vote for president went to Democrat John Kerry, who lost to Republican incumbent George W. Bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10889854\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10889854 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"Mariam Ali cooks pasta in her home in Diego’s Teralta neighborhood.\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-400x275.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-1180x811.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-960x660.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mariam Ali cooks pasta in her home in San Diego’s Teralta neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Brian Myers/Media Arts Center San Diego)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I was like, 'Oh, my God.' We went to the county office and I didn't know what to do,\" Ali said, recalling that first vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali has since encouraged her three older sons to vote. She said they fill out their mail-in ballots as a family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Small But Mighty Voting Bloc\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most refugee families are not like Ali's.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, about 32 percent of foreign-born residents vote, compared with 46 percent of those born in the U.S., according to data from the U.S. Census and \u003ca href=\"http://politicaldata.com/\">Political Data Inc.\u003c/a>, a company that analyzes voter information for campaigns and others. Turnout among refugees is hard to pinpoint — foreign-born also includes people who voluntarily left home, immigrants who are living in the country illegally and cannot vote, and legal residents who aren't yet citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a survey by PANA of 953 East Africans in San Diego shows 30 percent of those registered are super voters, or voted in at least eight of the past 10 elections. That's compared with 20 percent of the state's voting population, according to data from the U.S. Census and Political Data Inc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Democrat:\u003c/strong> 45 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Republican:\u003c/strong> 40 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>African-American:\u003c/strong> 3 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Asian:\u003c/strong> 7 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Latino:\u003c/strong> 10 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Age 65 or older:\u003c/strong> 58 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earns $100,000 or more:\u003c/strong> 37 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Homeowner:\u003c/strong> 78 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Source: Political Data Inc.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the refugees surveyed, 75 percent are also active voters, meaning they don't show up only for presidential elections, like a lot of U.S.-born voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear whether this phenomenon is seen elsewhere in the state. According to Political Data Inc., 13 percent of California's foreign-born voters are super voters. The data don't account for refugees alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sahid said it would make sense to see staunch refugee voters throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think when you're kicked out of your home, you're persecuted, you've fled wars, and you have to start over and rebuild your entire life, it means something more when you can actually engage in decision-making,\" Sahid said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ietcPzhokMQnz3LuWWdAGRKbzcr2BIZN\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali said she votes because she wants her community's needs addressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important to vote because my voice will be heard,\" Ali said. \"If I need something and I don't vote, who knows me? Who knows my needs? No one.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali cares a lot about empowering women — her father pushed her into an abusive marriage at age 14. She said her vote in this year's presidential race is going to Democrat Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am very excited,\" Ali said. \"Women can do what the men do, too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali said she also cares about rising college tuition and racial inequality. She said she's surprised those issues don't draw more U.S.-born voters to the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want my community members to vote and come out of the shell that they (are) hiding in,\" Ali said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Casting Doubt on 'Every Vote Counts'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noreen H. Green lives down the street from Ali. She said racial inequality is exactly why she hasn't voted since the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I talk to refugees and they think this is the greatest country on Earth,\" Green said. \"I see it from a different perspective because I'm a black American and my ancestors were brought here as slaves and worked 400 years for free, and that's how a lot of the wealth of this country was built. So I see it from that lens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green comes from a family of super voters. In fact, the last time she went to the polls was in 2014 to drop off a ballot for her mother, who had a stroke that year and was paralyzed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was that important to her,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10889861\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10889861\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-800x509.jpg\" alt=\"Noreen H. Green works for a San Diego nonprofit that promotes voting and social justice issues.\" width=\"800\" height=\"509\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-800x509.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-400x254.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-1180x750.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-960x611.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Noreen H. Green works for a San Diego nonprofit that promotes voting and social justice issues. \u003ccite>(Brian Myers/Media Arts Center San Diego)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Green's husband is also a super voter. But not Green. She said casting a ballot would mean supporting a system she considers unjust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"From young black men and women being killed — and there really have been no consequences for that — to the fact that you have to have millions, sometimes billions, to run for president. And our county Board of Supervisors sat on a huge \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpisandiego.org/debate_erupts_over_county_s_reserve_funds\">reserve\u003c/a> during the recession.\" Green said. \"I don't vote because I don't believe anyone deserves my vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes whichever candidate squares off with Republican Donald Trump if he wins the nomination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's another thing. It's like watching a circus,\" Green said, referring to this year’s GOP presidential campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, Green is interning with a nonprofit that works to get out the vote during election years. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.sdop.net/\">San Diego Organizing Project\u003c/a> also organizes the community around social justice issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green said for her to vote, the system would have to look a lot different. And she said it will be those she organizes — the Black Lives Matter protesters, immigrant \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/feb/25/central-valley-teen-familys-only-vote-will-she-cas/\">DREAMers\u003c/a> and refugees like Ali — who will shape it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's important to empower people and create this mass of people that can make change,\" Green said. \"Because it's going to take a mass movement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PANA believes refugees are that mass to push for change — at the ballot box. San Diego has resettled an \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2013/jun/21/san-diego-marks-world-refugee-day/\">estimated 100,000 refugees\u003c/a> since 1975. To PANA, that's 100,000 potential super voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 KPBS. To see more election coverage, visit www.\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">kpbs.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CORRECTION: The original version of this story said DMV is already registering drivers automatically to vote. That's not happening yet. The story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what's important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/cacounts\">Read more in this series\u003c/a> and let us know your thoughts on Twitter using the hashtag \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23iamsouthla&src=typd\">#\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23CACounts&src=typd\">CACounts\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Voter turnout in San Diego's refugee community is low, but those refugees who do vote never miss an election. Now a nonprofit is working to get out the vote among refugees -- betting they'll become super voters.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>People up and down the state are trying to crack the code on California's \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/jan/28/why-dont-more-californians-vote/\">dismal voter turnout\u003c/a>, which reached a record low for general elections in 2014. Just 42.2 percent of registered voters cast ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a new law, the Department of Motor Vehicles is getting ready to \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2015/oct/14/will-californias-new-motor-voter-law-boost-turnout/\" target=\"_blank\">register drivers automatically to vote\u003c/a>, and there's talk of \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/take-two/2016/01/26/46056/ca-secretary-of-state-alex-padilla-s-plan-to-get-m/\" target=\"_blank\">sending mail-in ballots\u003c/a> to every registered voter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a San Diego nonprofit, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.panasd.org/\">Partnership for the Advancement of New Americans\u003c/a>, sees untapped potential in one voting bloc: refugees. The group noticed that refugees who do vote tend to never miss an election. They’re super voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/251017007&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/251017007'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How big is the opportunity? California has resettled \u003ca href=\"http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/refugee-resettlement-metropolitan-america\">about 300,000 refugees\u003c/a> since the 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramla Sahid is PANA's executive director and a U.S.-born daughter of Somali refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We grow, we have children, children get married, they have more children. So I think former refugees and new refugees are sort of an underengaged, overlooked, potentially huge voter base that could, I think, impact the way we do things,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10889865\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10889865 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-800x955.jpg\" alt=\"Demographics for San Diego’s Teralta neighborhood in the City Heights area shows 47 percent of voters there are foreign born.\" width=\"800\" height=\"955\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-800x955.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-400x478.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-1180x1409.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/VoterDemogsTeralta-960x1146.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demographics for San Diego’s Teralta neighborhood in the City Heights area shows 47 percent of voters there are foreign born.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sahid is working this election year to replicate on a larger scale what's happening in Mariam Ali's home. Ali lives in San Diego's \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/feb/10/san-diego-neighborhoods-close-distance-miles-apart/\">Teralta\u003c/a> neighborhood, where just 27 percent of registered voters cast ballots in the 2014 general election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From War to Ballot Box\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, Ali was cooking pasta for her children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My kids, they love this stuff,\" she said. \"'Mommy, make the alfredo sauce!'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the store-bought kind but spiked with curry and ground African peppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five years ago, Ali was begging nomadic tribes for a pot to boil what little food she had. She and her family had fled \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094503\">civil war in Somalia\u003c/a> and were walking to a refugee camp about 200 miles from their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They took my house, they took my money, they took my belongings and I escaped with nothing,\" Ali said. Rebels were seizing towns amid the fighting between Somalia's Hawiye and Darod clans, of which Ali's family and ousted Somali President Mohamed Siad Barre were members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali went from seeing a government toppled in Somalia to living for years in a Kenyan refugee camp with no civic structure — just United Nations workers keeping things running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, in the United States, Ali is a super voter. That means she's voted in every election since becoming a U.S. citizen in 2003. Her first vote for president went to Democrat John Kerry, who lost to Republican incumbent George W. Bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10889854\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10889854 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"Mariam Ali cooks pasta in her home in Diego’s Teralta neighborhood.\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-400x275.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-1180x811.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AliCooking-960x660.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mariam Ali cooks pasta in her home in San Diego’s Teralta neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Brian Myers/Media Arts Center San Diego)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I was like, 'Oh, my God.' We went to the county office and I didn't know what to do,\" Ali said, recalling that first vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali has since encouraged her three older sons to vote. She said they fill out their mail-in ballots as a family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Small But Mighty Voting Bloc\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most refugee families are not like Ali's.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, about 32 percent of foreign-born residents vote, compared with 46 percent of those born in the U.S., according to data from the U.S. Census and \u003ca href=\"http://politicaldata.com/\">Political Data Inc.\u003c/a>, a company that analyzes voter information for campaigns and others. Turnout among refugees is hard to pinpoint — foreign-born also includes people who voluntarily left home, immigrants who are living in the country illegally and cannot vote, and legal residents who aren't yet citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a survey by PANA of 953 East Africans in San Diego shows 30 percent of those registered are super voters, or voted in at least eight of the past 10 elections. That's compared with 20 percent of the state's voting population, according to data from the U.S. Census and Political Data Inc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Democrat:\u003c/strong> 45 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Republican:\u003c/strong> 40 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>African-American:\u003c/strong> 3 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Asian:\u003c/strong> 7 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Latino:\u003c/strong> 10 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Age 65 or older:\u003c/strong> 58 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Earns $100,000 or more:\u003c/strong> 37 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Homeowner:\u003c/strong> 78 percent\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Source: Political Data Inc.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the refugees surveyed, 75 percent are also active voters, meaning they don't show up only for presidential elections, like a lot of U.S.-born voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear whether this phenomenon is seen elsewhere in the state. According to Political Data Inc., 13 percent of California's foreign-born voters are super voters. The data don't account for refugees alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sahid said it would make sense to see staunch refugee voters throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think when you're kicked out of your home, you're persecuted, you've fled wars, and you have to start over and rebuild your entire life, it means something more when you can actually engage in decision-making,\" Sahid said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali said she votes because she wants her community's needs addressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important to vote because my voice will be heard,\" Ali said. \"If I need something and I don't vote, who knows me? Who knows my needs? No one.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali cares a lot about empowering women — her father pushed her into an abusive marriage at age 14. She said her vote in this year's presidential race is going to Democrat Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am very excited,\" Ali said. \"Women can do what the men do, too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali said she also cares about rising college tuition and racial inequality. She said she's surprised those issues don't draw more U.S.-born voters to the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want my community members to vote and come out of the shell that they (are) hiding in,\" Ali said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Casting Doubt on 'Every Vote Counts'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noreen H. Green lives down the street from Ali. She said racial inequality is exactly why she hasn't voted since the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I talk to refugees and they think this is the greatest country on Earth,\" Green said. \"I see it from a different perspective because I'm a black American and my ancestors were brought here as slaves and worked 400 years for free, and that's how a lot of the wealth of this country was built. So I see it from that lens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green comes from a family of super voters. In fact, the last time she went to the polls was in 2014 to drop off a ballot for her mother, who had a stroke that year and was paralyzed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was that important to her,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10889861\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10889861\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-800x509.jpg\" alt=\"Noreen H. Green works for a San Diego nonprofit that promotes voting and social justice issues.\" width=\"800\" height=\"509\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-800x509.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-400x254.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-1180x750.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/GreenPortrait-960x611.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Noreen H. Green works for a San Diego nonprofit that promotes voting and social justice issues. \u003ccite>(Brian Myers/Media Arts Center San Diego)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Green's husband is also a super voter. But not Green. She said casting a ballot would mean supporting a system she considers unjust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"From young black men and women being killed — and there really have been no consequences for that — to the fact that you have to have millions, sometimes billions, to run for president. And our county Board of Supervisors sat on a huge \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpisandiego.org/debate_erupts_over_county_s_reserve_funds\">reserve\u003c/a> during the recession.\" Green said. \"I don't vote because I don't believe anyone deserves my vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes whichever candidate squares off with Republican Donald Trump if he wins the nomination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's another thing. It's like watching a circus,\" Green said, referring to this year’s GOP presidential campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, Green is interning with a nonprofit that works to get out the vote during election years. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.sdop.net/\">San Diego Organizing Project\u003c/a> also organizes the community around social justice issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green said for her to vote, the system would have to look a lot different. And she said it will be those she organizes — the Black Lives Matter protesters, immigrant \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/feb/25/central-valley-teen-familys-only-vote-will-she-cas/\">DREAMers\u003c/a> and refugees like Ali — who will shape it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's important to empower people and create this mass of people that can make change,\" Green said. \"Because it's going to take a mass movement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PANA believes refugees are that mass to push for change — at the ballot box. San Diego has resettled an \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2013/jun/21/san-diego-marks-world-refugee-day/\">estimated 100,000 refugees\u003c/a> since 1975. To PANA, that's 100,000 potential super voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 KPBS. To see more election coverage, visit www.\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">kpbs.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CORRECTION: The original version of this story said DMV is already registering drivers automatically to vote. That's not happening yet. The story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what's important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/cacounts\">Read more in this series\u003c/a> and let us know your thoughts on Twitter using the hashtag \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23iamsouthla&src=typd\">#\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23CACounts&src=typd\">CACounts\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "gay-and-syrian-one-refugees-journey-to-the-bay-area",
"title": "A Gay Syrian Refugee Rebuilds His Life in the Bay Area",
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"headTitle": "A Gay Syrian Refugee Rebuilds His Life in the Bay Area | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Subhi Nahas remembers the exact day when he knew he’d have to leave Syria. It was in the spring of 2012. He was 24, on a bus, going to his university to take a final exam. It was the last exam he needed to graduate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says they came up to a checkpoint, and a group of soldiers stopped the bus. They checked the IDs of all the young men, and then they singled out Nahas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He describes what happened next. “They take you to a room, and put you in a chair, where you’re all alone,” he recalls. “The chairs, and the table, and the ground, they’re full of blood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/250266753″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These were Syrian government soldiers. They were cracking down on rebels who opposed the president, Bashar al-Assad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And although Nahas had nothing to do with the civil war, these soldiers decided to pick on him anyway. They’d noticed that he looked different. He acted effeminate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says for 30 minutes they harassed him and called him homophobic names. He was scared for his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that moment I was like, feeling that — yeah, that’s the end of it,” Nahas says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t. They let him go without hurting him. But after that, Nahas was too afraid to go back to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I came back home I was saying to myself, ‘What’s the point of staying in Syria, while you cannot complete your studies?’ Without this you cannot do anything.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dangers at Home\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The soldiers who messed with Nahas were from the Assad regime. But a few months later, rebels opposing Assad took root in Nahas’ city, Maarat al-Numan. They belonged to al-Nusra Front, which is the Syrian branch of al-Qaida. For Nahas, they were even worse than the regime. He remembers them announcing that they would “cleanse the city of sodomites.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10886257\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10886257\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-800x564.jpg\" alt=\"Fighters with the al-Nusra Front drive in the Syrian city of Aleppo, flying Islamist flags in 2015. For gay refugees like Nahas, they were even worse than the Assad regime.\" width=\"800\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-800x564.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-400x282.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-1180x832.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-960x677.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fighters with the al-Nusra Front drive in the Syrian city of Aleppo, flying Islamist flags in 2015. For gay refugees like Nahas, they were even worse than the Assad regime. \u003ccite>(Fadi al-Halabi/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So I cannot go to university, I cannot go out,” Nahas remembers. “So I have to stay home all the time. But, then, staying at home was not safe, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many LGBT people who become refugees, Nahas felt threatened by his own family. His parents never accepted the idea of a gay son. Nahas lived at home with them, but his father didn’t speak to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes we did not even say good morning to each other,” says Nahas. “Even when we speak, he never expressed his emotions or feelings … except when he’s really angry and he wanted to express how angry he is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, they were in the kitchen. They had a fight, and his father lost his temper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He grabbed my head from the back and he just smashed it into the kitchen counter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas still has a scar on his chin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re not safe outside and you’re not safe inside, and your family will not protect you from your father because your father has anger management issues, you better run,” Nahas says. “Nobody’s going to save you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He immediately made plans to cross the border into Lebanon, where he had a friend he could stay with. This journey was legal, but he had heard horrible stories about gay people who were raped as they tried to get across. So he bribed a taxi driver to deal with all the checkpoints. Nahas sat in the back of the cab and pretended he couldn’t talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In Refugee Limbo\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He stayed in Lebanon for six months. And then he moved to Turkey, where it was a little easier to be gay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a different, completely different experience,” says Nahas, “especially exploring myself, exploring my sexuality, trying to understand my body more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He even went to his first gay pride parade in Istanbul. It was there that he met a lawyer from a group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.oraminternational.org\">ORAM\u003c/a>, the Organization for Refuge and Migration. They’re based in San Francisco and they advocate for LGBT refugees around the world. He kept the lawyer’s card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never knew that my life would be threatened the next week after meeting them,” Nahas says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas started to get threatening phone calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of what you’re doing, promoting this perversion,” Nahas remembers the caller saying, “either you stop, or you deserve to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”VFWhWLxAbUZbF0wRZRDw0g0HaFRo6MXy”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He discovered that the caller was a friend of a friend who had joined ISIS. Nahas remembers at one point getting 40 calls in a single hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He contacted ORAM, and asked how to get out of the country. They told him about the U.N.’s Refugee Resettlement Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Syrian migrants in Turkey have two basic options if they want to settle in another country. They can travel to a country like Germany, hoping they receive asylum, or they can petition the U.N. for resettlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.N. resettles only people who are part of a persecuted group. One of those groups is LGBT people. But there are \u003ca href=\"http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php\">4.5 million\u003c/a> Syrian refugees. And less than \u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/559ce97f9.html\">1 percent\u003c/a> of them are resettled by the U.N.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never knew that my case would be, like, really accepted,” says Nahas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process took almost a year. He did interview after interview, screening after screening, until one day the Department of Homeland Security sent him a letter saying, effectively, “Your case has been deferred for further investigation, thank you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas says this was the hardest part — not knowing if they’d ever get back to him. His friends at ORAM tried to keep his hopes up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like, calming me, helping me to, you know, digest the whole thing,” Nahas says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then suddenly, with no more explanation than before, he found out that he was cleared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas flew to California on June 4, 2015. He even knew who he was going to live with — an older gay couple in Oakland had agreed to be his sponsors, to host him in their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Home in the Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fred Hertz and his partner gave Nahas a room in their house in North Oakland. He lived there for two months before finding other housing. (Hertz’s partner requested not to be identified for this story).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10886217\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10886217\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-800x588.jpg\" alt=\"Fred Hertz with Subhi Nahas, at Fred’s home.\" width=\"800\" height=\"588\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-800x588.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-400x294.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-1180x867.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-960x706.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fred Hertz with Subhi Nahas, at Fred’s home. \u003ccite>(Eli Wirtschafter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hertz got involved with LGBT refugee rights five years ago. “Here I am this successful gay lawyer living a liberated life,” says Hertz. “When someone comes forward saying there are gay people in trouble in other countries, how could I say no?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had donated time and money to ORAM, but hosting a refugee in his home was a much more personal commitment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertz says his biggest concerns were “things like, ‘Oh my God, what if he gets here and has a nervous breakdown and locks himself in his room and doesn’t come out for six months? What am I going to \u003cem>do\u003c/em>?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they got along like family. They especially enjoyed cooking Mediterranean food together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, Nahas went back to Hertz’s house to prepare an elaborate lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10886220\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10886220\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-800x508.jpg\" alt=\"A watermelon and feta salad Subhi and Fred made together. \" width=\"800\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-800x508.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-400x254.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-1180x750.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-960x610.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A watermelon and feta salad Subhi and Fred made together. \u003ccite>(Eli Wirtschafter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nahas shows Hertz the way he learned how to cut a pomegranate without getting juice everywhere. The pomegranate goes on a roasted eggplant dish, which Nahas calls \u003cem>mlatash\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Hertz’s commitments as a sponsor was to help Nahas with his paperwork. \u003ca href=\"http://jfcs-eastbay.org/lgbt-refugee-services/\">JFCS East Bay\u003c/a>, Nahas’s official resettlement agency, gave Hertz a list of all the appointments Nahas needed to get to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Hertz wasn’t available, he got his friends to help. Nahas explained why — especially for LGBT refugees — creating that kind of community is essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whereas most refugees might be resettled into a community from their home country, “if you’re an LGBT most of the time you’re escaping from your own community, or you’re escaping from your family, or you have nobody,” says Nahas. “So you need somebody to be with you, and you need somebody to help you in the first steps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Nahas is working at ORAM — the same organization he reached out to when he was in Turkey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas shows me a poster that he designed with ORAM. It says “You Are Safe Here” in a dozen languages, in rainbow colors. They’re sending it to refugee offices around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas has had a remarkably smooth transition into the United States. Some help came from the government. When they first arrive, refugees get a small stipend, food stamps and health care. And like almost everybody in the refugee program, Nahas is on track to eventually get a green card and U.S. citizenship. But what sets his case apart is the bond he made with Hertz and the local gay community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a good feeling when you really know that somebody cares and loves you this much,” says Nahas. “It’s life-changing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article first appeared at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://kalw.org/post/gay-and-syrian-one-refugee-s-journey-san-francisco\">\u003cem>KALW.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Subhi Nahas remembers the exact day when he knew he’d have to leave Syria. It was in the spring of 2012. He was 24, on a bus, going to his university to take a final exam. It was the last exam he needed to graduate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says they came up to a checkpoint, and a group of soldiers stopped the bus. They checked the IDs of all the young men, and then they singled out Nahas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He describes what happened next. “They take you to a room, and put you in a chair, where you’re all alone,” he recalls. “The chairs, and the table, and the ground, they’re full of blood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/250266753″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/250266753″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These were Syrian government soldiers. They were cracking down on rebels who opposed the president, Bashar al-Assad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And although Nahas had nothing to do with the civil war, these soldiers decided to pick on him anyway. They’d noticed that he looked different. He acted effeminate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says for 30 minutes they harassed him and called him homophobic names. He was scared for his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that moment I was like, feeling that — yeah, that’s the end of it,” Nahas says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t. They let him go without hurting him. But after that, Nahas was too afraid to go back to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I came back home I was saying to myself, ‘What’s the point of staying in Syria, while you cannot complete your studies?’ Without this you cannot do anything.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dangers at Home\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The soldiers who messed with Nahas were from the Assad regime. But a few months later, rebels opposing Assad took root in Nahas’ city, Maarat al-Numan. They belonged to al-Nusra Front, which is the Syrian branch of al-Qaida. For Nahas, they were even worse than the regime. He remembers them announcing that they would “cleanse the city of sodomites.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10886257\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10886257\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-800x564.jpg\" alt=\"Fighters with the al-Nusra Front drive in the Syrian city of Aleppo, flying Islamist flags in 2015. For gay refugees like Nahas, they were even worse than the Assad regime.\" width=\"800\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-800x564.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-400x282.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-1180x832.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/AlNusraFighters-960x677.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fighters with the al-Nusra Front drive in the Syrian city of Aleppo, flying Islamist flags in 2015. For gay refugees like Nahas, they were even worse than the Assad regime. \u003ccite>(Fadi al-Halabi/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So I cannot go to university, I cannot go out,” Nahas remembers. “So I have to stay home all the time. But, then, staying at home was not safe, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many LGBT people who become refugees, Nahas felt threatened by his own family. His parents never accepted the idea of a gay son. Nahas lived at home with them, but his father didn’t speak to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes we did not even say good morning to each other,” says Nahas. “Even when we speak, he never expressed his emotions or feelings … except when he’s really angry and he wanted to express how angry he is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, they were in the kitchen. They had a fight, and his father lost his temper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He grabbed my head from the back and he just smashed it into the kitchen counter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas still has a scar on his chin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re not safe outside and you’re not safe inside, and your family will not protect you from your father because your father has anger management issues, you better run,” Nahas says. “Nobody’s going to save you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He immediately made plans to cross the border into Lebanon, where he had a friend he could stay with. This journey was legal, but he had heard horrible stories about gay people who were raped as they tried to get across. So he bribed a taxi driver to deal with all the checkpoints. Nahas sat in the back of the cab and pretended he couldn’t talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>In Refugee Limbo\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He stayed in Lebanon for six months. And then he moved to Turkey, where it was a little easier to be gay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a different, completely different experience,” says Nahas, “especially exploring myself, exploring my sexuality, trying to understand my body more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He even went to his first gay pride parade in Istanbul. It was there that he met a lawyer from a group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.oraminternational.org\">ORAM\u003c/a>, the Organization for Refuge and Migration. They’re based in San Francisco and they advocate for LGBT refugees around the world. He kept the lawyer’s card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never knew that my life would be threatened the next week after meeting them,” Nahas says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas started to get threatening phone calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of what you’re doing, promoting this perversion,” Nahas remembers the caller saying, “either you stop, or you deserve to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He discovered that the caller was a friend of a friend who had joined ISIS. Nahas remembers at one point getting 40 calls in a single hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He contacted ORAM, and asked how to get out of the country. They told him about the U.N.’s Refugee Resettlement Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Syrian migrants in Turkey have two basic options if they want to settle in another country. They can travel to a country like Germany, hoping they receive asylum, or they can petition the U.N. for resettlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.N. resettles only people who are part of a persecuted group. One of those groups is LGBT people. But there are \u003ca href=\"http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php\">4.5 million\u003c/a> Syrian refugees. And less than \u003ca href=\"http://www.unhcr.org/559ce97f9.html\">1 percent\u003c/a> of them are resettled by the U.N.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never knew that my case would be, like, really accepted,” says Nahas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process took almost a year. He did interview after interview, screening after screening, until one day the Department of Homeland Security sent him a letter saying, effectively, “Your case has been deferred for further investigation, thank you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas says this was the hardest part — not knowing if they’d ever get back to him. His friends at ORAM tried to keep his hopes up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like, calming me, helping me to, you know, digest the whole thing,” Nahas says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then suddenly, with no more explanation than before, he found out that he was cleared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas flew to California on June 4, 2015. He even knew who he was going to live with — an older gay couple in Oakland had agreed to be his sponsors, to host him in their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Home in the Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fred Hertz and his partner gave Nahas a room in their house in North Oakland. He lived there for two months before finding other housing. (Hertz’s partner requested not to be identified for this story).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10886217\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10886217\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-800x588.jpg\" alt=\"Fred Hertz with Subhi Nahas, at Fred’s home.\" width=\"800\" height=\"588\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-800x588.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-400x294.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-1180x867.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/HertzNahas-960x706.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fred Hertz with Subhi Nahas, at Fred’s home. \u003ccite>(Eli Wirtschafter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hertz got involved with LGBT refugee rights five years ago. “Here I am this successful gay lawyer living a liberated life,” says Hertz. “When someone comes forward saying there are gay people in trouble in other countries, how could I say no?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had donated time and money to ORAM, but hosting a refugee in his home was a much more personal commitment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertz says his biggest concerns were “things like, ‘Oh my God, what if he gets here and has a nervous breakdown and locks himself in his room and doesn’t come out for six months? What am I going to \u003cem>do\u003c/em>?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they got along like family. They especially enjoyed cooking Mediterranean food together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, Nahas went back to Hertz’s house to prepare an elaborate lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10886220\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10886220\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-800x508.jpg\" alt=\"A watermelon and feta salad Subhi and Fred made together. \" width=\"800\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-800x508.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-400x254.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-1180x750.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/WatermelonSalad-960x610.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A watermelon and feta salad Subhi and Fred made together. \u003ccite>(Eli Wirtschafter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nahas shows Hertz the way he learned how to cut a pomegranate without getting juice everywhere. The pomegranate goes on a roasted eggplant dish, which Nahas calls \u003cem>mlatash\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Hertz’s commitments as a sponsor was to help Nahas with his paperwork. \u003ca href=\"http://jfcs-eastbay.org/lgbt-refugee-services/\">JFCS East Bay\u003c/a>, Nahas’s official resettlement agency, gave Hertz a list of all the appointments Nahas needed to get to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Hertz wasn’t available, he got his friends to help. Nahas explained why — especially for LGBT refugees — creating that kind of community is essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whereas most refugees might be resettled into a community from their home country, “if you’re an LGBT most of the time you’re escaping from your own community, or you’re escaping from your family, or you have nobody,” says Nahas. “So you need somebody to be with you, and you need somebody to help you in the first steps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Nahas is working at ORAM — the same organization he reached out to when he was in Turkey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas shows me a poster that he designed with ORAM. It says “You Are Safe Here” in a dozen languages, in rainbow colors. They’re sending it to refugee offices around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahas has had a remarkably smooth transition into the United States. Some help came from the government. When they first arrive, refugees get a small stipend, food stamps and health care. And like almost everybody in the refugee program, Nahas is on track to eventually get a green card and U.S. citizenship. But what sets his case apart is the bond he made with Hertz and the local gay community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a good feeling when you really know that somebody cares and loves you this much,” says Nahas. “It’s life-changing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "How the Comedy of ‘Bordertown’ Nails Immigration Tensions",
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"headTitle": "How the Comedy of ‘Bordertown’ Nails Immigration Tensions | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>I don’t think I’m going out on a limb here by saying it’s been a wacky presidential primary season. And while reasonable minds can disagree on immigration policy, we can all agree that \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yi33KkhKRWs\">lots of ugly things\u003c/a> are being said about immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some insight, I turned to an unlikely source: \u003ca href=\"http://www.fox.com/watch/594219587792/7765855488\">“Bordertown.”\u003c/a> It’s an animated sitcom on Fox, set in the fictional bordertown of Mexifornia. It’s basically a comedy about immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/249017415″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fox.com/watch/598904899611/7765855488\">second episode\u003c/a>, Mexifornia residents congregate at a town hall meeting to discuss what to do with a $10 million windfall to the city budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it should go toward building a border wall,” suggests Bud Buckwald, a border patrol agent and one of the show’s main characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sound familiar?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.fox.com/watch/598904899611/7765855488\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wrote the show two years ago, before Donald Trump,” says \u003ca href=\"http://laloalcaraz.com/\">Lalo Alcaraz\u003c/a>, a writer and consultant on “Bordertown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>America has been going through a huge demographic shift, and this election season is bringing the huge rifts it’s created into stark relief. Alcaraz, a longtime political cartoonist in Los Angeles, says animated comedy could be the best way for us to address these controversial topics head-on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wouldn’t be the first time Americans turned to comedy during times of social upheaval. “Bordertown” creator \u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0378262/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mark Hentemann\u003c/a> modeled his animated sitcom on \u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0066626/\">“All in the Family.”\u003c/a> The legendary sitcom was set in the 1970s, in the midst of the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10883078\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 436px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-10883078\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-800x940.jpg\" alt='Lalo Alcaraz, writer, cartoonist and consultant on \"Bordertown.\"' width=\"436\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-800x940.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-400x470.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-1180x1387.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-960x1128.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lalo Alcaraz, writer, cartoonist and consultant on “Bordertown.” \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Back in the ‘All In the Family’ days in the ’70s, Archie Bunker was complaining about Black Power, feminism, the emerging gay rights movement,” Alcaraz says. “This is an updated version, and set in a place where we can talk about those things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While “All In the Family” was based in Queens and focused on urban issues, “Bordertown” is set on the outskirts of America. But the issues it raises are at the center of our political debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The show is based on two families, the Buckwalds and Gonzalezes. They are next-door neighbors. The Buckwalds are headed by Bud, who is a border patrol agent. And Ernesto, a gardener, is the patriarch of his clan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bud Buckwald, who’s kind of a bigoted Archie Bunker-ish white guy,” Alcaraz says. “He feels out of sorts. He feels like his world has changed and can’t cope with the new reality that is the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one episode, Bud Buckwald bemoans what he sees, as his status declines in an increasingly diverse America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know I was always told if I worked for the man long enough, eventually I’d become the man,” Buckwald says. “Well, I’ve been working at that station for 20 years but I ain’t the man. Steve is. Even Ernesto is the boss of his grass thingy. It’s like the Mexican has become the man and I’ve become the Mexican.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Bud’s Mexican immigrant neighbor, Ernesto?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10883241\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Bud (L) is enraged when he finds out that his daughter is engaged to J.C., Ernesto’s nephew.\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10883241\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-400x255.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-960x612.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bud (L) is enraged when he finds out that his daughter is engaged to J.C., Ernesto’s nephew. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Fox)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Ernesto Gonzalez has been in the U.S. for 25 years or so and is doing a little bit better than Bud, and Bud cannot deal with that,” Alcaraz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like all the characters in “Bordertown,” and really, in much of America, Ernesto’s views on immigration are not easily understood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the episode about the border wall, Ernesto’s nephew urges him to speak out against it. Ernesto obliges and starts by telling the crowd, “I came to the U.S. where everybody’s voice can be heard and counted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcaraz says you think Ernesto is going to give an inspiring speech about how great America is, but it quickly devolves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ernesto hails America’s democratic process. It might not be perfect, he says, but it’s better than the government he left behind. And then he ends his speech by saying, “So in conclusion, Gonzalez landscaping, we love you lawn time!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcaraz says the scene is a riff on how immigrants may have a political point of view, but at the end of the day they’re very practical people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.fox.com/watch/592630339703/7765855488\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In animation and cartoons, I firmly believe you can say so much more that you can’t in live action or boring old essays,” Alcaraz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury is still out as to whether audiences agree, and there’s no word yet if “Bordertown” will get a second season. But a Trump presidency might make a second season too irresistible to pass up.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>I don’t think I’m going out on a limb here by saying it’s been a wacky presidential primary season. And while reasonable minds can disagree on immigration policy, we can all agree that \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yi33KkhKRWs\">lots of ugly things\u003c/a> are being said about immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some insight, I turned to an unlikely source: \u003ca href=\"http://www.fox.com/watch/594219587792/7765855488\">“Bordertown.”\u003c/a> It’s an animated sitcom on Fox, set in the fictional bordertown of Mexifornia. It’s basically a comedy about immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/249017415″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/249017415″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fox.com/watch/598904899611/7765855488\">second episode\u003c/a>, Mexifornia residents congregate at a town hall meeting to discuss what to do with a $10 million windfall to the city budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it should go toward building a border wall,” suggests Bud Buckwald, a border patrol agent and one of the show’s main characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sound familiar?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.fox.com/watch/598904899611/7765855488\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wrote the show two years ago, before Donald Trump,” says \u003ca href=\"http://laloalcaraz.com/\">Lalo Alcaraz\u003c/a>, a writer and consultant on “Bordertown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>America has been going through a huge demographic shift, and this election season is bringing the huge rifts it’s created into stark relief. Alcaraz, a longtime political cartoonist in Los Angeles, says animated comedy could be the best way for us to address these controversial topics head-on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This wouldn’t be the first time Americans turned to comedy during times of social upheaval. “Bordertown” creator \u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0378262/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mark Hentemann\u003c/a> modeled his animated sitcom on \u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0066626/\">“All in the Family.”\u003c/a> The legendary sitcom was set in the 1970s, in the midst of the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10883078\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 436px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-10883078\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-800x940.jpg\" alt='Lalo Alcaraz, writer, cartoonist and consultant on \"Bordertown.\"' width=\"436\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-800x940.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-400x470.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-1180x1387.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/LaloAlcaraz-960x1128.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lalo Alcaraz, writer, cartoonist and consultant on “Bordertown.” \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Back in the ‘All In the Family’ days in the ’70s, Archie Bunker was complaining about Black Power, feminism, the emerging gay rights movement,” Alcaraz says. “This is an updated version, and set in a place where we can talk about those things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While “All In the Family” was based in Queens and focused on urban issues, “Bordertown” is set on the outskirts of America. But the issues it raises are at the center of our political debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The show is based on two families, the Buckwalds and Gonzalezes. They are next-door neighbors. The Buckwalds are headed by Bud, who is a border patrol agent. And Ernesto, a gardener, is the patriarch of his clan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bud Buckwald, who’s kind of a bigoted Archie Bunker-ish white guy,” Alcaraz says. “He feels out of sorts. He feels like his world has changed and can’t cope with the new reality that is the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one episode, Bud Buckwald bemoans what he sees, as his status declines in an increasingly diverse America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know I was always told if I worked for the man long enough, eventually I’d become the man,” Buckwald says. “Well, I’ve been working at that station for 20 years but I ain’t the man. Steve is. Even Ernesto is the boss of his grass thingy. It’s like the Mexican has become the man and I’ve become the Mexican.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Bud’s Mexican immigrant neighbor, Ernesto?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10883241\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Bud (L) is enraged when he finds out that his daughter is engaged to J.C., Ernesto’s nephew.\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10883241\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-400x255.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-1180x752.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/BordertownDriving-960x612.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bud (L) is enraged when he finds out that his daughter is engaged to J.C., Ernesto’s nephew. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Fox)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Ernesto Gonzalez has been in the U.S. for 25 years or so and is doing a little bit better than Bud, and Bud cannot deal with that,” Alcaraz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like all the characters in “Bordertown,” and really, in much of America, Ernesto’s views on immigration are not easily understood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the episode about the border wall, Ernesto’s nephew urges him to speak out against it. Ernesto obliges and starts by telling the crowd, “I came to the U.S. where everybody’s voice can be heard and counted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcaraz says you think Ernesto is going to give an inspiring speech about how great America is, but it quickly devolves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ernesto hails America’s democratic process. It might not be perfect, he says, but it’s better than the government he left behind. And then he ends his speech by saying, “So in conclusion, Gonzalez landscaping, we love you lawn time!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcaraz says the scene is a riff on how immigrants may have a political point of view, but at the end of the day they’re very practical people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.fox.com/watch/592630339703/7765855488\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In animation and cartoons, I firmly believe you can say so much more that you can’t in live action or boring old essays,” Alcaraz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury is still out as to whether audiences agree, and there’s no word yet if “Bordertown” will get a second season. But a Trump presidency might make a second season too irresistible to pass up.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
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"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
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