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"content": "\u003cp>The first week of the Trump administration has been marked by a flurry of executive actions — and lots of bombast and argument with the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump's executive actions — in the form of orders and memorandums, \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/01/24/executive-order-vs-presidential-memorandum-whats-difference/96979014/\">which differ slightly\u003c/a> — aim to show that President Trump will deliver on the promises made by Candidate Trump. And the actions hit on many of the most contentious issues in American politics: Trump moved to repeal the Affordable Care Act, remove roadblocks from the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines, impose a hiring freeze on federal employees, withdraw the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, build a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border and withhold federal funds from so-called\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/19/502684089/trump-vows-to-end-sanctuary-cities-but-no-one-can-agree-what-that-label-means\"> sanctuary cities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way, Trump and his surrogates claimed to have drawn the largest-ever inauguration crowd (\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/21/510994742/trump-administration-goes-to-war-with-the-media-over-inauguration-crowd-size\">he didn't\u003c/a>), said that 3 million to 5 million votes were illegally cast (no evidence of that), softened his stance toward the CIA and said that he would announce his pick for the Supreme Court next week. The Senate approved four of his nominees for high-level positions, and 10 others have finished their confirmation hearings and await votes. And it comes as congressional Republicans huddle to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511800216/gop-200-day-agenda-calls-for-spending-tax-cuts-but-what-about-the-deficit\">figure out a legislative way forward \u003c/a>with the new president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, we take a look at the biggest issues and where they stand, one week into the Trump presidency:\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Affordable Care Act\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Within hours of being inaugurated as the 45th president of the United States, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/2/executive-order-minimizing-economic-burden-patient-protection-and\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> that seeks to \"ease the burdens\" of the Affordable Care Act, otherwise known as Obamacare. The order allows the head of the Department of Health and Human Services, or any other agency with authority under the law, to not enforce regulations that impose a financial burden on a state, company or individual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"pgKMryTgISmJDjMtS22xMvS2thYG1Lg7\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong> It's not totally clear yet. The order is so broad that it's possible it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/01/21/510901402/trumps-executive-order-could-dismantle-parts-of-aca-before-replacement-is-ready\">could dismantle key parts of the ACA before a replacement plan is ready\u003c/a>, owing to a potential lack of enforcement of some of the tax provisions like the mandate, the requirement that if you don't have health insurance, you have to buy it. That's despite previous statements from Republican lawmakers that a replacement plan would immediately follow repeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action adds a lot of confusion to an already complicated system. Trump's pick to lead the Department of Health and Human Services, Rep. Tom Price, hasn't yet had his confirmation hearing or vote. He will be responsible for administering the program and exchanges run by the federal government for states that opted not to create their own systems. Price is an opponent of the ACA, and congressional Republicans are vowing to repeal the law. But they haven't yet settled on an alternative. Trump has also confused matters with a pledge to offer \"insurance for everybody,\" though congressional Republicans say they assume he means \"access\" for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Immigration and a border wall\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Trump signed two executive orders related to \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\">immigration\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/executive-order-border-security-and-immigration-enforcement-improvementshttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/executive-order-border-security-and-immigration-enforcement-improvements\">border security\u003c/a>, shortly after the new head of the Department of Homeland Security, Marine Gen. John Kelly, was sworn in. \"Beginning today, the United States of America gets back control of its borders,\" Trump said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"2TsJ7oOUBNeZ3eLXE1acR8rESwevk256\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move communicated that Trump planned to follow through with his oft-spoken-of plan to build a border wall, estimated to cost $15 billion or more. The fallout was immediate: Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto canceled a planned visit to Trump in Washington next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and Congress need to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/25/511619026/donald-trumps-moving-forward-with-his-wall-is-it-really-going-to-happen\">figure out how to pay for it, for starters\u003c/a>. Though Trump has repeatedly said he would make Mexico pay for the wall, on Wednesday he told ABC News that the U.S. will be \"reimbursed at a later date\" by Mexico for the costs of building the wall. Congressional Republicans vowed to come up with the funding during a policy retreat Thursday in Philadelphia, though they did not specify how.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, White House press secretary Sean Spicer told reporters that one way the administration is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511861462/trumps-suggested-import-tax-would-mean-americans-pay-for-that-wall\">considering paying for the wall is via a 20 percent tax on imports \u003c/a>from Mexico — a cost that would mean that U.S. consumers would, in fact, pay for the wall. Ironically, that was part of a congressional plan that Trump, less than two weeks ago, derided as \"too complicated.\" Hours later, the White House walked it back, saying there are many funding options being considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Voter fraud\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump told congressional leaders in a bipartisan, bicameral meeting at the White House that he would have won the popular vote, were it not for 3 million to 5 million votes cast against him by \"illegals.\" When asked about it at the Tuesday press briefing, Spicer affirmed that \"the president does believe that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"xWChhHh17HtsA6vCkHkj3le4BQC0D1Z7\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was revealed by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/25/us/politics/trump-bernhard-langer-voting-fraud.html?_r=0\">New York Times\u003c/a> that Trump is partially basing his belief on a story he heard thirdhand from a professional golfer, born in Germany, who wasn't allowed to vote in Florida and claimed there were people in line behind him who looked like they shouldn't be allowed to vote. After NPR's Mara Liasson pressed Spicer at a White House briefing on why the president wouldn't call for an investigation into something that could be the biggest scandal in U.S. history, Trump tweeted, in fact, that he would. On Thursday, Spicer told reporters Trump will issue an executive action calling for a probe of voter fraud in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's insistence that massive voter fraud occurred would seem to set up a showdown between the White House and ... the evidence. So far, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511420960/trump-still-insists-millions-voted-illegally-theres-no-evidence-of-that\">no evidence of significant voter fraud has come to light\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, it's unclear. The White House insists it will issue an executive action to launch an investigation, but it's uncertain what form a probe would take. Would it be run by the White House? Would the Justice Department take it up (even though the Justice Department is supposed to operate independently of the White House)? The U.S. has already conducted a voter fraud investigation, by the way, during the Bush administration — and found no evidence of widespread voter fraud, turning up only \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/12/washington/12fraud.html\">120 people charged and 86 convicted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>The environment and infrastructure\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Trump signed \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511402501/trump-to-give-green-light-to-keystone-dakota-access-pipelines\">five executive actions \u003c/a>relating to the Keystone XL pipeline, the Dakota Access Pipeline, using American materials when building pipelines, reducing regulations for domestic manufacturing, and \"expediting environmental reviews and approval for high-priority infrastructure projects.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"1iJ9trT1sQFLGlk9BQ2F99r2YDXq9d7f\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipelines had been stopped during the Obama administration. Trump's actions mean that the owner of the Keystone XL pipeline could apply again for a construction permit, and it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/26/511892321/transcanada-submits-new-application-to-build-keystone-xl-pipeline\">did exactly that Thursday night\u003c/a>. Trump also encouraged the Army Corps of Engineers to\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/assets/news/2017/01/DakotaAccessConstruction.pdf\"> expedite the review and approval process\u003c/a> for the section of the Dakota Access Pipeline that hasn't been built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dakota Access issue will probably head back to federal court: The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe said it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/24/511411653/trumps-move-on-keystone-xl-dakota-access-outrages-activists\">will take legal action \u003c/a>to fight Trump's decision, saying the pipeline \"risks contaminating tribal and American water supplies while disregarding treaty rights.\" Demonstrators remain camped near the site where the Dakota Access Pipeline is slated to cross under the Missouri River.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Hiring freeze for federal workers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump signed a presidential memorandum imposing a hiring freeze on federal workers, with exceptions for military positions and national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ramifications are immediate: The freeze is now in effect and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/pentagon-sill-scrambling-to-understand-trump-hiring-freeze/2017/01/24/390a8c2a-e24f-11e6-ba11-63c4b4fb5a63_story.html\">is scheduled to last 90 days\u003c/a>. It's expected that by then the Office of Management and Budget will have a longer-term plan for shrinking the federal government. The impact, though, is far-reaching. The federal government employs some 2.8 million people, \u003ca href=\"http://www.governing.com/gov-data/federal-employees-workforce-numbers-by-state.html\">more than 80 percent of whom live outside \u003c/a>Washington, D.C., Maryland or Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"vjg58R7BVdorsMHxjIlonufU1rnuJz1B\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next steps are for the exceptions to be hammered out; the memorandum states that \"the head of any executive department or agency may exempt from the hiring freeze any positions that it deems necessary to meet national security or public safety responsibilities.\" That could give agency heads at least some flexibility to hire as needed. Other exceptions could also emerge. The Department of Veterans Affairs, for example, has 45,000 job openings, and Trump's nominee to lead the VA had \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/25/511469982/hiring-freeze-and-obamacare-repeal-could-clobber-veterans-affairs\">said he needs to fill those openings \u003c/a> to serve veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The first week of the Trump administration has been marked by a flurry of executive actions — and lots of bombast and argument with the press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump's executive actions — in the form of orders and memorandums, \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2017/01/24/executive-order-vs-presidential-memorandum-whats-difference/96979014/\">which differ slightly\u003c/a> — aim to show that President Trump will deliver on the promises made by Candidate Trump. And the actions hit on many of the most contentious issues in American politics: Trump moved to repeal the Affordable Care Act, remove roadblocks from the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines, impose a hiring freeze on federal employees, withdraw the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, build a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border and withhold federal funds from so-called\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/19/502684089/trump-vows-to-end-sanctuary-cities-but-no-one-can-agree-what-that-label-means\"> sanctuary cities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way, Trump and his surrogates claimed to have drawn the largest-ever inauguration crowd (\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/21/510994742/trump-administration-goes-to-war-with-the-media-over-inauguration-crowd-size\">he didn't\u003c/a>), said that 3 million to 5 million votes were illegally cast (no evidence of that), softened his stance toward the CIA and said that he would announce his pick for the Supreme Court next week. The Senate approved four of his nominees for high-level positions, and 10 others have finished their confirmation hearings and await votes. And it comes as congressional Republicans huddle to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511800216/gop-200-day-agenda-calls-for-spending-tax-cuts-but-what-about-the-deficit\">figure out a legislative way forward \u003c/a>with the new president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, we take a look at the biggest issues and where they stand, one week into the Trump presidency:\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Affordable Care Act\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Within hours of being inaugurated as the 45th president of the United States, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/2/executive-order-minimizing-economic-burden-patient-protection-and\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> that seeks to \"ease the burdens\" of the Affordable Care Act, otherwise known as Obamacare. The order allows the head of the Department of Health and Human Services, or any other agency with authority under the law, to not enforce regulations that impose a financial burden on a state, company or individual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong> It's not totally clear yet. The order is so broad that it's possible it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/01/21/510901402/trumps-executive-order-could-dismantle-parts-of-aca-before-replacement-is-ready\">could dismantle key parts of the ACA before a replacement plan is ready\u003c/a>, owing to a potential lack of enforcement of some of the tax provisions like the mandate, the requirement that if you don't have health insurance, you have to buy it. That's despite previous statements from Republican lawmakers that a replacement plan would immediately follow repeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action adds a lot of confusion to an already complicated system. Trump's pick to lead the Department of Health and Human Services, Rep. Tom Price, hasn't yet had his confirmation hearing or vote. He will be responsible for administering the program and exchanges run by the federal government for states that opted not to create their own systems. Price is an opponent of the ACA, and congressional Republicans are vowing to repeal the law. But they haven't yet settled on an alternative. Trump has also confused matters with a pledge to offer \"insurance for everybody,\" though congressional Republicans say they assume he means \"access\" for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Immigration and a border wall\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Trump signed two executive orders related to \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\">immigration\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/executive-order-border-security-and-immigration-enforcement-improvementshttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/executive-order-border-security-and-immigration-enforcement-improvements\">border security\u003c/a>, shortly after the new head of the Department of Homeland Security, Marine Gen. John Kelly, was sworn in. \"Beginning today, the United States of America gets back control of its borders,\" Trump said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move communicated that Trump planned to follow through with his oft-spoken-of plan to build a border wall, estimated to cost $15 billion or more. The fallout was immediate: Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto canceled a planned visit to Trump in Washington next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and Congress need to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/25/511619026/donald-trumps-moving-forward-with-his-wall-is-it-really-going-to-happen\">figure out how to pay for it, for starters\u003c/a>. Though Trump has repeatedly said he would make Mexico pay for the wall, on Wednesday he told ABC News that the U.S. will be \"reimbursed at a later date\" by Mexico for the costs of building the wall. Congressional Republicans vowed to come up with the funding during a policy retreat Thursday in Philadelphia, though they did not specify how.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, White House press secretary Sean Spicer told reporters that one way the administration is \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511861462/trumps-suggested-import-tax-would-mean-americans-pay-for-that-wall\">considering paying for the wall is via a 20 percent tax on imports \u003c/a>from Mexico — a cost that would mean that U.S. consumers would, in fact, pay for the wall. Ironically, that was part of a congressional plan that Trump, less than two weeks ago, derided as \"too complicated.\" Hours later, the White House walked it back, saying there are many funding options being considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Voter fraud\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump told congressional leaders in a bipartisan, bicameral meeting at the White House that he would have won the popular vote, were it not for 3 million to 5 million votes cast against him by \"illegals.\" When asked about it at the Tuesday press briefing, Spicer affirmed that \"the president does believe that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was revealed by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/25/us/politics/trump-bernhard-langer-voting-fraud.html?_r=0\">New York Times\u003c/a> that Trump is partially basing his belief on a story he heard thirdhand from a professional golfer, born in Germany, who wasn't allowed to vote in Florida and claimed there were people in line behind him who looked like they shouldn't be allowed to vote. After NPR's Mara Liasson pressed Spicer at a White House briefing on why the president wouldn't call for an investigation into something that could be the biggest scandal in U.S. history, Trump tweeted, in fact, that he would. On Thursday, Spicer told reporters Trump will issue an executive action calling for a probe of voter fraud in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's insistence that massive voter fraud occurred would seem to set up a showdown between the White House and ... the evidence. So far, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511420960/trump-still-insists-millions-voted-illegally-theres-no-evidence-of-that\">no evidence of significant voter fraud has come to light\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, it's unclear. The White House insists it will issue an executive action to launch an investigation, but it's uncertain what form a probe would take. Would it be run by the White House? Would the Justice Department take it up (even though the Justice Department is supposed to operate independently of the White House)? The U.S. has already conducted a voter fraud investigation, by the way, during the Bush administration — and found no evidence of widespread voter fraud, turning up only \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/12/washington/12fraud.html\">120 people charged and 86 convicted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>The environment and infrastructure\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Trump signed \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/24/511402501/trump-to-give-green-light-to-keystone-dakota-access-pipelines\">five executive actions \u003c/a>relating to the Keystone XL pipeline, the Dakota Access Pipeline, using American materials when building pipelines, reducing regulations for domestic manufacturing, and \"expediting environmental reviews and approval for high-priority infrastructure projects.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pipelines had been stopped during the Obama administration. Trump's actions mean that the owner of the Keystone XL pipeline could apply again for a construction permit, and it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/26/511892321/transcanada-submits-new-application-to-build-keystone-xl-pipeline\">did exactly that Thursday night\u003c/a>. Trump also encouraged the Army Corps of Engineers to\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/assets/news/2017/01/DakotaAccessConstruction.pdf\"> expedite the review and approval process\u003c/a> for the section of the Dakota Access Pipeline that hasn't been built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dakota Access issue will probably head back to federal court: The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe said it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/24/511411653/trumps-move-on-keystone-xl-dakota-access-outrages-activists\">will take legal action \u003c/a>to fight Trump's decision, saying the pipeline \"risks contaminating tribal and American water supplies while disregarding treaty rights.\" Demonstrators remain camped near the site where the Dakota Access Pipeline is slated to cross under the Missouri River.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Hiring freeze for federal workers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump signed a presidential memorandum imposing a hiring freeze on federal workers, with exceptions for military positions and national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the consequences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ramifications are immediate: The freeze is now in effect and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/pentagon-sill-scrambling-to-understand-trump-hiring-freeze/2017/01/24/390a8c2a-e24f-11e6-ba11-63c4b4fb5a63_story.html\">is scheduled to last 90 days\u003c/a>. It's expected that by then the Office of Management and Budget will have a longer-term plan for shrinking the federal government. The impact, though, is far-reaching. The federal government employs some 2.8 million people, \u003ca href=\"http://www.governing.com/gov-data/federal-employees-workforce-numbers-by-state.html\">more than 80 percent of whom live outside \u003c/a>Washington, D.C., Maryland or Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens next?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next steps are for the exceptions to be hammered out; the memorandum states that \"the head of any executive department or agency may exempt from the hiring freeze any positions that it deems necessary to meet national security or public safety responsibilities.\" That could give agency heads at least some flexibility to hire as needed. Other exceptions could also emerge. The Department of Veterans Affairs, for example, has 45,000 job openings, and Trump's nominee to lead the VA had \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/25/511469982/hiring-freeze-and-obamacare-repeal-could-clobber-veterans-affairs\">said he needs to fill those openings \u003c/a> to serve veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California’s Undocumented Kids—Why They Could be First to Lose Medical Care Under Trump",
"title": "California’s Undocumented Kids—Why They Could be First to Lose Medical Care Under Trump",
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"content": "\u003cp>On a recent rainy morning in Los Angeles, Maria Bernal’s stove clicks to life with a bright blue flame to toast bread on a griddle for her 9-year-old son Edwin to smear with peanut butter. As she scoops papaya chunks into the blender for a smoothie, she recalls her worry during all the years when she couldn’t afford health care and he suffered painful ear infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The waiting six months to get an appointment for Edwin at a county facility. The nights trying to calm him as he cried in constant pain. The months-long wait for each of three surgeries to insert tubes into his ears. The fear when the medical bills arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, she couldn’t afford health care, and he wasn't eligible for regular government-funded Medi-Cal coverage because she had brought Edwin to the United States illegally from Mexico when he was 1. He qualified for a local program and emergency Medi-Cal, but that didn’t provide all the care he needed. Then last year, she heard on TV that California was \u003ca href=\"http://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Documents/SB75/SB75_EE_Plan_032116_Final.PDF\" target=\"_blank\">creating a new program\u003c/a> under Medi-Cal to fully cover poor undocumented children. Relieved, she rushed to sign Edwin up. As a result, she says, “I can take him in whenever he needs to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, however, the ability of Edwin and some 164,000 poor undocumented California children to see a doctor for regular medical care hangs in the balance—with several experts predicting they could be among the first to lose health coverage if the Trump administration carries out its promise to end much of Obamacare, leaving California to try to make up the difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be clear, the federal government does pay \u003ca href=\"http://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Pages/Medi-CalFAQs2014b.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">limited medical costs\u003c/a> for kids in the country illegally under the restricted-scope Medi-Cal program, which is available to anyone regardless of immigration status for emergency and prenatal services only. Last May, however, California became one of a handful of states to provide \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/take-two/2016/04/21/48148/medi-cal-for-immigrant-kids-in-us-illegally-starts/\" target=\"_blank\">state-funded full-scope Medi-Cal\u003c/a>, California’s Medicaid program. About 71 percent of the program is funded by the state, according to the state \u003ca href=\"http://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Pages/SB-75.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Department of Health Care Services\u003c/a>, with 29 percent paid for out of \u003ca href=\"https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/outreach-and-enrollment/downloads/overview-of-eligibility-for-non-citizens-in-medicaid-and-chip.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">federal funds\u003c/a> for emergency coverage. Also of note: Because the federal government funds emergency services, the state shares enrollee information with federal health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his most recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2017-18/pdf/BudgetSummary/FullBudgetSummary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">budget proposal\u003c/a>, Gov. Jerry Brown allocated $279.5 million to cover approximately 185,000 kids in the coming year in what the state has dubbed its Health for All Kids program—double what the program was estimated to cost when it was approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the election of Donald Trump, who took office last week, some health policy experts and advocates say the fledgling program is in danger. Assuming the new administration carries out plans to change how Medicaid is funded, California could stand to lose $17 billion the federal government currently provides for the Medi-Cal expansion that California adopted under the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a cut would leave state leaders unable to fully make up the funding difference—and could force them to revisit a decades-old debate over whether the state has an obligation to care for sick children regardless of their immigration status, or should focus limited resources on citizens and legal residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s impossible to precisely predict the ripple effects. But, said Nancy Gomez, organizing director of the health advocacy organization \u003ca href=\"http://Health%20Access%20California\" target=\"_blank\">Health Access California\u003c/a>: “The first things that are going to go are these optional programs. They are not optional to us. But Health for All Kids are discretionary funds and they may be the first to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trying to make up the gap will be nearly impossible, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These federal cuts to the broader Medi-Cal program would force California policymakers to make some difficult decisions—raise revenue by unprecedented amounts to maintain the current program, cut benefits, reduce eligibility, or make other cuts to the program,” said Laurel Lucia, manager of the Health Care Program at the UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Center for Labor Research and Education\u003c/a>. But, she acknowledged, “if the Legislature decides to take a 'last in, first out' approach to making eligibility cuts in response to federal cuts, state-funded Medi-Cal for undocumented kids would especially be at risk because the expansion started less than one year ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s as is should be, according to those who insist that anyone in the country illegally should not receive state resources—especially if funding is cut short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sacramento should be focused on helping American citizens,” said Robin Hvidston, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://wethepeoplerising.wordpress.com/\" target=\"_blank\">We The People Rising\u003c/a>, a Claremont-based organization that fights against legislation that it says promotes illegal immigration. The group opposed the expansion, which she contends is merely an open invitation for illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a program our state cannot afford,” she said. “We have a burgeoning homeless crisis in this state, we have disabled people in this state that need help. This energy and our tax dollars should be going to help our suffering American citizens in this state and not those here illegally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, the lawmaker who \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/californias-undocumented-kidswhy-they-could-be-first-to-lose-medical-care-under-trump/\" target=\"_blank\">authored\u003c/a> the expansion to cover undocumented children, Democratic Sen. Ricardo Lara of Los Angeles, has vowed to protect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will fight to ensure that they remain a priority population in terms of receiving adequate healthcare and meeting their health needs,” Lara said. “It makes economic sense, it’s the moral thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in an unmistakable sign that the Democratic-controlled state is changing tactics in response to a less receptive White House, California recently \u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/news/california-withdraws-bid-to-allow-undocumented-immigrants-to-buy-unsubsidized-obamacare-plans/\" target=\"_blank\">retracted\u003c/a> its request for a federal waiver that it had hoped would allow undocumented immigrants of all ages to buy unsubsidized health care via California’s Affordable Care Act exchange. Lara labeled it the “first California casualty of the Trump presidency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the state could always renew its quest for such a waiver, but won’t until it first ensures that the state can protect the data immigrants would be sharing with the federal government by using the health exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very clear and apparent that we are dealing with a hostile administration toward our immigration community,” Lara said. “Given the fact that we are working currently on legislation to protect the privacy of the immigrant communities, we felt that it was appropriate to pull the waiver and focus on the fights ahead with the incoming administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump and the Republican-controlled Congress favor establishing caps on Medicaid and changing funding to a block grant formula that sets limits on total spending per state regardless of how many people are in the program. Currently it is funded as an entitlement for all enrollees who qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medicaid is the largest insurer in the country, with 73 million people enrolled, mostly low-income or disabled. In California, 13.5 million people are on Medi-Cal, or roughly one in three Californians. The program grew by 3.6 million people when it was expanded under the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities found that the proposals to reorganize Medicaid funding would decrease funding by one-third to one-half within a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such federal cuts would trigger a cascade of effects, said Senate President Pro Tem Kevin de Leon (D-Los Angeles).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Trump administration decides to remove and take away access to quality healthcare that could possibly drive a budget deficit—and if you drive a budget deficit that means cuts would have to be made,” he said at a health care rally in Los Angeles after the November election. “If cuts have to be made that means other people could be hurt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others aren’t ready to concede that outcome, and say there are likely alternatives the state can employ to keep as many people covered as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is if Congress has enough votes to change the Medicaid program into a block grant program, California will struggle to maintain its commitment to the 13.5 million people currently covered,” said Gerald Kominski, director of the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. “I suspect the governor and Legislature will give higher priority to cutting covered services rather than cutting the number of beneficiaries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Lara said he hopes the state resists choosing one group over another—adding that he plans to suggest cutting coverage, as the state has done during lean times, or increasing eligibility thresholds in his fight to keep health care for the neediest across all groups, including undocumented children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for 9-year-old Edwin Bernal, he says going to the doctor more often is good for him because of his hearing challenges and ear tubes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_287952\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Maria Bernal, 30, cooks breakfast for her son Edwin Bernal, 9, before school at their home in Los Angeles. His mother fears that under the Trump administration the program will be in danger.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-287952\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Bernal, 30, cooks breakfast for her son Edwin Bernal, 9, before school at their home in Los Angeles. His mother fears that under the Trump administration the program will be in danger. \u003ccite>(Maria J. Avila/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My friends talk to me and I’m like ‘what, what,’ because I can’t hear them that good,” he said. “Same with my mom, she tells me something and I don’t really hear her and I don’t do the stuff she tells me because I can’t hear. So it’s better, I can hear her and I’m not getting in more trouble.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If kids like Edwin lose Medi-Cal overage, their health care will depend largely on where they live. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, the county offers a basic low-cost program to everyone regardless of immigration status and emergency Medi-Cal is expected to still be available. Private insurer Kaiser Permanente also offers a community benefit program for kids without legal status who live near their facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be a challenge for us and the patients,” said Chona de Leon, senior vice president and chief operating officer at Eisner Pediatric & Family Center, in downtown Los Angeles, where Edwin has received care since he was a baby. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinics like Eisner would lose the increased funding that has come from previously uninsured patients getting access through the Affordable Care Act. de Leon says they would continue to serve uninsured patients as they always have, although they would have to work hard to find outside funding and donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in 11 California counties, including Orange and San Diego, there are no programs for undocumented families to find care for their children outside of charitable clinics and hospital emergency rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://CALmatters.org\" target=\"_blank\">CALmatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California’s policies and politics.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A medical plan covering some 164,000 poor undocumented California children hangs in the balance. Both experts and families fear a cut-off if the Trump administration carries out its promise to end much of Obamacare. ",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/about/staff/elizabeth-aguilera/\">\u003cstrong>Elizabeth Aguilera\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr/>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CALmatters\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On a recent rainy morning in Los Angeles, Maria Bernal’s stove clicks to life with a bright blue flame to toast bread on a griddle for her 9-year-old son Edwin to smear with peanut butter. As she scoops papaya chunks into the blender for a smoothie, she recalls her worry during all the years when she couldn’t afford health care and he suffered painful ear infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The waiting six months to get an appointment for Edwin at a county facility. The nights trying to calm him as he cried in constant pain. The months-long wait for each of three surgeries to insert tubes into his ears. The fear when the medical bills arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, she couldn’t afford health care, and he wasn't eligible for regular government-funded Medi-Cal coverage because she had brought Edwin to the United States illegally from Mexico when he was 1. He qualified for a local program and emergency Medi-Cal, but that didn’t provide all the care he needed. Then last year, she heard on TV that California was \u003ca href=\"http://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Documents/SB75/SB75_EE_Plan_032116_Final.PDF\" target=\"_blank\">creating a new program\u003c/a> under Medi-Cal to fully cover poor undocumented children. Relieved, she rushed to sign Edwin up. As a result, she says, “I can take him in whenever he needs to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, however, the ability of Edwin and some 164,000 poor undocumented California children to see a doctor for regular medical care hangs in the balance—with several experts predicting they could be among the first to lose health coverage if the Trump administration carries out its promise to end much of Obamacare, leaving California to try to make up the difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be clear, the federal government does pay \u003ca href=\"http://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Pages/Medi-CalFAQs2014b.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">limited medical costs\u003c/a> for kids in the country illegally under the restricted-scope Medi-Cal program, which is available to anyone regardless of immigration status for emergency and prenatal services only. Last May, however, California became one of a handful of states to provide \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/take-two/2016/04/21/48148/medi-cal-for-immigrant-kids-in-us-illegally-starts/\" target=\"_blank\">state-funded full-scope Medi-Cal\u003c/a>, California’s Medicaid program. About 71 percent of the program is funded by the state, according to the state \u003ca href=\"http://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Pages/SB-75.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Department of Health Care Services\u003c/a>, with 29 percent paid for out of \u003ca href=\"https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/outreach-and-enrollment/downloads/overview-of-eligibility-for-non-citizens-in-medicaid-and-chip.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">federal funds\u003c/a> for emergency coverage. Also of note: Because the federal government funds emergency services, the state shares enrollee information with federal health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his most recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2017-18/pdf/BudgetSummary/FullBudgetSummary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">budget proposal\u003c/a>, Gov. Jerry Brown allocated $279.5 million to cover approximately 185,000 kids in the coming year in what the state has dubbed its Health for All Kids program—double what the program was estimated to cost when it was approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the election of Donald Trump, who took office last week, some health policy experts and advocates say the fledgling program is in danger. Assuming the new administration carries out plans to change how Medicaid is funded, California could stand to lose $17 billion the federal government currently provides for the Medi-Cal expansion that California adopted under the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a cut would leave state leaders unable to fully make up the funding difference—and could force them to revisit a decades-old debate over whether the state has an obligation to care for sick children regardless of their immigration status, or should focus limited resources on citizens and legal residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s impossible to precisely predict the ripple effects. But, said Nancy Gomez, organizing director of the health advocacy organization \u003ca href=\"http://Health%20Access%20California\" target=\"_blank\">Health Access California\u003c/a>: “The first things that are going to go are these optional programs. They are not optional to us. But Health for All Kids are discretionary funds and they may be the first to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trying to make up the gap will be nearly impossible, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These federal cuts to the broader Medi-Cal program would force California policymakers to make some difficult decisions—raise revenue by unprecedented amounts to maintain the current program, cut benefits, reduce eligibility, or make other cuts to the program,” said Laurel Lucia, manager of the Health Care Program at the UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Center for Labor Research and Education\u003c/a>. But, she acknowledged, “if the Legislature decides to take a 'last in, first out' approach to making eligibility cuts in response to federal cuts, state-funded Medi-Cal for undocumented kids would especially be at risk because the expansion started less than one year ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s as is should be, according to those who insist that anyone in the country illegally should not receive state resources—especially if funding is cut short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sacramento should be focused on helping American citizens,” said Robin Hvidston, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://wethepeoplerising.wordpress.com/\" target=\"_blank\">We The People Rising\u003c/a>, a Claremont-based organization that fights against legislation that it says promotes illegal immigration. The group opposed the expansion, which she contends is merely an open invitation for illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a program our state cannot afford,” she said. “We have a burgeoning homeless crisis in this state, we have disabled people in this state that need help. This energy and our tax dollars should be going to help our suffering American citizens in this state and not those here illegally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, the lawmaker who \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/californias-undocumented-kidswhy-they-could-be-first-to-lose-medical-care-under-trump/\" target=\"_blank\">authored\u003c/a> the expansion to cover undocumented children, Democratic Sen. Ricardo Lara of Los Angeles, has vowed to protect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will fight to ensure that they remain a priority population in terms of receiving adequate healthcare and meeting their health needs,” Lara said. “It makes economic sense, it’s the moral thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in an unmistakable sign that the Democratic-controlled state is changing tactics in response to a less receptive White House, California recently \u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/news/california-withdraws-bid-to-allow-undocumented-immigrants-to-buy-unsubsidized-obamacare-plans/\" target=\"_blank\">retracted\u003c/a> its request for a federal waiver that it had hoped would allow undocumented immigrants of all ages to buy unsubsidized health care via California’s Affordable Care Act exchange. Lara labeled it the “first California casualty of the Trump presidency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the state could always renew its quest for such a waiver, but won’t until it first ensures that the state can protect the data immigrants would be sharing with the federal government by using the health exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very clear and apparent that we are dealing with a hostile administration toward our immigration community,” Lara said. “Given the fact that we are working currently on legislation to protect the privacy of the immigrant communities, we felt that it was appropriate to pull the waiver and focus on the fights ahead with the incoming administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump and the Republican-controlled Congress favor establishing caps on Medicaid and changing funding to a block grant formula that sets limits on total spending per state regardless of how many people are in the program. Currently it is funded as an entitlement for all enrollees who qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medicaid is the largest insurer in the country, with 73 million people enrolled, mostly low-income or disabled. In California, 13.5 million people are on Medi-Cal, or roughly one in three Californians. The program grew by 3.6 million people when it was expanded under the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities found that the proposals to reorganize Medicaid funding would decrease funding by one-third to one-half within a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such federal cuts would trigger a cascade of effects, said Senate President Pro Tem Kevin de Leon (D-Los Angeles).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Trump administration decides to remove and take away access to quality healthcare that could possibly drive a budget deficit—and if you drive a budget deficit that means cuts would have to be made,” he said at a health care rally in Los Angeles after the November election. “If cuts have to be made that means other people could be hurt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others aren’t ready to concede that outcome, and say there are likely alternatives the state can employ to keep as many people covered as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is if Congress has enough votes to change the Medicaid program into a block grant program, California will struggle to maintain its commitment to the 13.5 million people currently covered,” said Gerald Kominski, director of the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. “I suspect the governor and Legislature will give higher priority to cutting covered services rather than cutting the number of beneficiaries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Lara said he hopes the state resists choosing one group over another—adding that he plans to suggest cutting coverage, as the state has done during lean times, or increasing eligibility thresholds in his fight to keep health care for the neediest across all groups, including undocumented children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for 9-year-old Edwin Bernal, he says going to the doctor more often is good for him because of his hearing challenges and ear tubes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_287952\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Maria Bernal, 30, cooks breakfast for her son Edwin Bernal, 9, before school at their home in Los Angeles. His mother fears that under the Trump administration the program will be in danger.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-287952\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/UNDOCUMENTED-KIDS-Photo-2-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Bernal, 30, cooks breakfast for her son Edwin Bernal, 9, before school at their home in Los Angeles. His mother fears that under the Trump administration the program will be in danger. \u003ccite>(Maria J. Avila/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My friends talk to me and I’m like ‘what, what,’ because I can’t hear them that good,” he said. “Same with my mom, she tells me something and I don’t really hear her and I don’t do the stuff she tells me because I can’t hear. So it’s better, I can hear her and I’m not getting in more trouble.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If kids like Edwin lose Medi-Cal overage, their health care will depend largely on where they live. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, the county offers a basic low-cost program to everyone regardless of immigration status and emergency Medi-Cal is expected to still be available. Private insurer Kaiser Permanente also offers a community benefit program for kids without legal status who live near their facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be a challenge for us and the patients,” said Chona de Leon, senior vice president and chief operating officer at Eisner Pediatric & Family Center, in downtown Los Angeles, where Edwin has received care since he was a baby. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinics like Eisner would lose the increased funding that has come from previously uninsured patients getting access through the Affordable Care Act. de Leon says they would continue to serve uninsured patients as they always have, although they would have to work hard to find outside funding and donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in 11 California counties, including Orange and San Diego, there are no programs for undocumented families to find care for their children outside of charitable clinics and hospital emergency rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee delivered his State of the City speech Thursday, outlining the city's opposition to the Trump administration's proposals. He also spoke about increasing affordable housing and about reforms to the San Francisco Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The speech comes a day after President Donald Trump signed an executive order to eliminate funding to sanctuary cities. Although Lee did not mention President Trump by name, he started by attacking the president's policies and restated his position to keep San Francisco's sanctuary city policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor's tone remained hopeful as he spoke of unity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are a sanctuary city now, tomorrow, forever,\" he said to a standing ovation at the Hibernia Bank building in the Tenderloin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor also reinforced San Francisco's commitment to diversity and even challenged Republicans to view San Francisco as a template for America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Republicans talk about 'American Carnage,' \" Lee said. \"I say, come see San Francisco, come experience our celebration of diversity and our economic success.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Sandra Lee Fewer said the speech provided the right message in a time when the city is uncertain what the future holds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The strong commitment to our sanctuary city and our residents who are the most vulnerable was just heartwarming,\" Fewer said. \"I think it is going to send a wave of relief to all those that are terrified.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco receives about $1 billion in federal funds and operates on a $9.6 billion budget. There is no clear idea how officials will proceed if there are federal cuts, but Fewer said she will be part of a new committee, formed by Supervisor London Breed, to look at the potential shortage of funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor also focused on police reform. Lee said police officers will begin new use-of-force training next week. He said 56 percent of the Police Academy's new recruits are people of color. Lee's Police Department policy proposals include de-escalation training and providing officers with an alternate option \"between a baton and gun.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reforms arrive at a time when the San Francisco Police Department has come under increased scrutiny following high-profile officer-involved shootings, which led to the resignation of Police Chief Greg Suhr last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some point, the mayor shifted his attention to the city's accomplishments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of jobs, the unemployment rate is now down to just under 3 percent. As for affordable housing, Lee said more than 13,000 of 30,000 promised new or rehabilitated housing units have been built since 2014, and 42 percent are designated for low-income and middle-income residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to help deal with the homeless crisis, San Francisco will open two new Navigation Centers. The Hummingbird Place will be located at San Francisco General Hospital and the other will be in the South of Market neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee delivered his State of the City speech Thursday, outlining the city's opposition to the Trump administration's proposals. He also spoke about increasing affordable housing and about reforms to the San Francisco Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The speech comes a day after President Donald Trump signed an executive order to eliminate funding to sanctuary cities. Although Lee did not mention President Trump by name, he started by attacking the president's policies and restated his position to keep San Francisco's sanctuary city policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor's tone remained hopeful as he spoke of unity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are a sanctuary city now, tomorrow, forever,\" he said to a standing ovation at the Hibernia Bank building in the Tenderloin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor also reinforced San Francisco's commitment to diversity and even challenged Republicans to view San Francisco as a template for America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Republicans talk about 'American Carnage,' \" Lee said. \"I say, come see San Francisco, come experience our celebration of diversity and our economic success.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Sandra Lee Fewer said the speech provided the right message in a time when the city is uncertain what the future holds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The strong commitment to our sanctuary city and our residents who are the most vulnerable was just heartwarming,\" Fewer said. \"I think it is going to send a wave of relief to all those that are terrified.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco receives about $1 billion in federal funds and operates on a $9.6 billion budget. There is no clear idea how officials will proceed if there are federal cuts, but Fewer said she will be part of a new committee, formed by Supervisor London Breed, to look at the potential shortage of funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor also focused on police reform. Lee said police officers will begin new use-of-force training next week. He said 56 percent of the Police Academy's new recruits are people of color. Lee's Police Department policy proposals include de-escalation training and providing officers with an alternate option \"between a baton and gun.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reforms arrive at a time when the San Francisco Police Department has come under increased scrutiny following high-profile officer-involved shootings, which led to the resignation of Police Chief Greg Suhr last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At some point, the mayor shifted his attention to the city's accomplishments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of jobs, the unemployment rate is now down to just under 3 percent. As for affordable housing, Lee said more than 13,000 of 30,000 promised new or rehabilitated housing units have been built since 2014, and 42 percent are designated for low-income and middle-income residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to help deal with the homeless crisis, San Francisco will open two new Navigation Centers. The Hummingbird Place will be located at San Francisco General Hospital and the other will be in the South of Market neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump's Suggested Import Tax Would Mean U.S. Consumers Pay for That Wall",
"title": "Trump's Suggested Import Tax Would Mean U.S. Consumers Pay for That Wall",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration is considering alternative ways to pay for the border wall, backtracking on the president's oft-repeated promise that Mexico would foot the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A White House spokesman said one idea taking shape is to apply a 20 percent tax on imports from Mexico, as well as other countries with which the U.S. has a trade deficit. That would effectively saddle U.S. consumers with a significant portion of the wall's cost, estimated at $15 billion or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's spokesman, Sean Spicer, did not offer details about how the import tax would work, but he said it could be adopted as part of comprehensive tax reform. After the idea sparked controversy, Spicer later walked back the idea, saying that \"it could be a multitude of things.\" The tax could be 20 percent or 18 or 5, he said, adding that he wasn't trying to be \"prescriptive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump discussed the plan during a meeting in Philadelphia with congressional Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even floating this idea amounts to a remarkable capitulation by the new president, who was insisting as late as Wednesday that Mexico would bear the cost of the border barrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico's refusal has already created friction between the countries. Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/26/mexicos-president-cancels-planned-d-c-trip-to-meet-with-trump/\" target=\"_blank\">abruptly canceled a planned meeting\u003c/a> with Trump next week, a decision that the U.S. president tried to explain as mutual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico is one of America's top trading partners, with more than $500 billion worth of goods flowing across the Southern border each year. Spicer argued that adding a 20 percent surcharge to imports from Mexico would quickly cover the cost of the wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the beginning of this plan to make sure it's done right,\" Spicer told reporters traveling aboard Air Force One. \"It clearly provides the funding and it does so in a way that ensures that the American taxpayer is wholly respected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suggestion drew a swift rebuke from at least one Republican senator, South Carolina's Lindsey Graham, who said it would be a bad idea to do anything that raises the price of Corona, tequila or margaritas. (Graham's family used to own a bar.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LindseyGrahamSC/status/824733324769951744\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/LindseyGrahamSC/status/824734113412345856\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Paul Ryan's office contended the White House and Congress were on the \"same page.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been and continue to be on the same page about tax reform that supports American jobs and American goods,\" Ryan aide AshLee Strong told NPR's Susan Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because Ryan has proposed a \"border adjustment\" tax that would affect the \"corporate tax rates applied to goods and services consumed in the U.S. but not applied to goods and services exported,\" a Republican Capitol Hill source added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan would allow corporations to subtract export sales when calculating their tax bill, but companies would not be allowed to deduct the cost of imports. Under the current tax code, export sales are taxed, and import costs are deductible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is embracing Ryan's plan, it would be a reversal. Just 10 days ago, he told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-warns-on-house-republican-tax-plan-1484613766\">Wall Street Journal\u003c/a> that a \"border adjustment tax\" was \"too complicated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anytime I hear border adjustment, I don't love it,\" Trump said. \"Because usually it means we're going to get adjusted into a bad deal. That's what happens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"gqgsZO86pEyrSFRFfvnhwJkE6cIDgaTA\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas Republican Sen. John Cornyn said the plan raises questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spicer brushed aside suggestions that much of the cost would be passed on to American consumers who purchase Mexican-made goods. He argued that cost would be outweighed by the reduction in illicit border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it's going to do is lift up the wages of American workers,\" Spicer said. \"Right now we've got an influx of cheap labor. It's going to put the American consumer back, net-net, to make sure that American workers get lifted up as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Washington, after the original comments, Spicer said, \"I don't think our job right now is to roll something out and/or be prescriptive. It's to show that there are ways the wall can be paid for. Full stop.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that he was trying to address \"questions about how the president could pay for the wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said, \"The idea is to show that generating revenue for the wall is not as difficult as some might have suggested.\" But \"there's nothing to roll out, so the idea of asking for details on something, we're not there yet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spicer also suggested that building the border wall would produce savings elsewhere in the federal budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think we're going to save additional money that we would have had to spend on tracking down illegal immigrants and on immigration,\" Spicer said. \"So it's actually a huge win for the American taxpayer and for American security when you look at the kind of plan that's coming to fruition right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump actually wants to increase spending on immigration enforcement. In addition to the wall, he has ordered the hiring of 15,000 new Border Patrol and immigration officers and the construction of new detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration is considering alternative ways to pay for the border wall, backtracking on the president's oft-repeated promise that Mexico would foot the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A White House spokesman said one idea taking shape is to apply a 20 percent tax on imports from Mexico, as well as other countries with which the U.S. has a trade deficit. That would effectively saddle U.S. consumers with a significant portion of the wall's cost, estimated at $15 billion or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's spokesman, Sean Spicer, did not offer details about how the import tax would work, but he said it could be adopted as part of comprehensive tax reform. After the idea sparked controversy, Spicer later walked back the idea, saying that \"it could be a multitude of things.\" The tax could be 20 percent or 18 or 5, he said, adding that he wasn't trying to be \"prescriptive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump discussed the plan during a meeting in Philadelphia with congressional Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even floating this idea amounts to a remarkable capitulation by the new president, who was insisting as late as Wednesday that Mexico would bear the cost of the border barrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico's refusal has already created friction between the countries. Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/26/mexicos-president-cancels-planned-d-c-trip-to-meet-with-trump/\" target=\"_blank\">abruptly canceled a planned meeting\u003c/a> with Trump next week, a decision that the U.S. president tried to explain as mutual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico is one of America's top trading partners, with more than $500 billion worth of goods flowing across the Southern border each year. Spicer argued that adding a 20 percent surcharge to imports from Mexico would quickly cover the cost of the wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the beginning of this plan to make sure it's done right,\" Spicer told reporters traveling aboard Air Force One. \"It clearly provides the funding and it does so in a way that ensures that the American taxpayer is wholly respected.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suggestion drew a swift rebuke from at least one Republican senator, South Carolina's Lindsey Graham, who said it would be a bad idea to do anything that raises the price of Corona, tequila or margaritas. (Graham's family used to own a bar.)\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Paul Ryan's office contended the White House and Congress were on the \"same page.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been and continue to be on the same page about tax reform that supports American jobs and American goods,\" Ryan aide AshLee Strong told NPR's Susan Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because Ryan has proposed a \"border adjustment\" tax that would affect the \"corporate tax rates applied to goods and services consumed in the U.S. but not applied to goods and services exported,\" a Republican Capitol Hill source added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan would allow corporations to subtract export sales when calculating their tax bill, but companies would not be allowed to deduct the cost of imports. Under the current tax code, export sales are taxed, and import costs are deductible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Trump is embracing Ryan's plan, it would be a reversal. Just 10 days ago, he told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-warns-on-house-republican-tax-plan-1484613766\">Wall Street Journal\u003c/a> that a \"border adjustment tax\" was \"too complicated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Anytime I hear border adjustment, I don't love it,\" Trump said. \"Because usually it means we're going to get adjusted into a bad deal. That's what happens.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas Republican Sen. John Cornyn said the plan raises questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spicer brushed aside suggestions that much of the cost would be passed on to American consumers who purchase Mexican-made goods. He argued that cost would be outweighed by the reduction in illicit border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it's going to do is lift up the wages of American workers,\" Spicer said. \"Right now we've got an influx of cheap labor. It's going to put the American consumer back, net-net, to make sure that American workers get lifted up as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Washington, after the original comments, Spicer said, \"I don't think our job right now is to roll something out and/or be prescriptive. It's to show that there are ways the wall can be paid for. Full stop.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that he was trying to address \"questions about how the president could pay for the wall.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said, \"The idea is to show that generating revenue for the wall is not as difficult as some might have suggested.\" But \"there's nothing to roll out, so the idea of asking for details on something, we're not there yet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spicer also suggested that building the border wall would produce savings elsewhere in the federal budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think we're going to save additional money that we would have had to spend on tracking down illegal immigrants and on immigration,\" Spicer said. \"So it's actually a huge win for the American taxpayer and for American security when you look at the kind of plan that's coming to fruition right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump actually wants to increase spending on immigration enforcement. In addition to the wall, he has ordered the hiring of 15,000 new Border Patrol and immigration officers and the construction of new detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump said on Twitter this morning that \"if Mexico is unwilling to pay for the badly needed wall, then it would be better to cancel the upcoming meeting\" with Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours later, Peña Nieto did just that. His spokesman tells NPR's Carrie Kahn in Mexico City that the president has canceled Tuesday's visit to Washington, D.C., without elaborating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/824615820391305216\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/824616644370714627\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/01/25/511565740/trump-expected-to-order-building-of-u-s-mexico-wall-wednesday\">signed an executive order Wednesday\u003c/a> that moves ahead with his plan to build a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico -- a policy he described as one in partnership with Mexico and from which both countries will benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511733631/as-wall-moves-forward-mexicos-president-mulls-canceling-u-s-trip\">But as Carrie reports\u003c/a>, Mexico's leader released a video later that night in which he forcefully condemned Trump's plan, calling it divisive. \"I have repeatedly said, 'Mexico will \u003cem>not\u003c/em> pay for a wall,' \" Peña Nieto said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the video, Peña Nieto had stopped short of canceling his trip, saying he was still waiting to hear the latest from his negotiators in Washington. And as Carrie reports, he was under significant pressure from lawmakers to scrap the visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will look for a date to schedule something in the future,\" White House press secretary Sean Spicer told reporters after Peña Nieto canceled. \"We will keep the lines of communication open.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Trump tweeted this morning: 'If Mexico is unwilling to pay for the badly needed wall, then it would be better to cancel the upcoming meeting.' Now, President Peña Nieto has done just that.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump said on Twitter this morning that \"if Mexico is unwilling to pay for the badly needed wall, then it would be better to cancel the upcoming meeting\" with Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours later, Peña Nieto did just that. His spokesman tells NPR's Carrie Kahn in Mexico City that the president has canceled Tuesday's visit to Washington, D.C., without elaborating.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/26/511733631/as-wall-moves-forward-mexicos-president-mulls-canceling-u-s-trip\">But as Carrie reports\u003c/a>, Mexico's leader released a video later that night in which he forcefully condemned Trump's plan, calling it divisive. \"I have repeatedly said, 'Mexico will \u003cem>not\u003c/em> pay for a wall,' \" Peña Nieto said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the video, Peña Nieto had stopped short of canceling his trip, saying he was still waiting to hear the latest from his negotiators in Washington. And as Carrie reports, he was under significant pressure from lawmakers to scrap the visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We will look for a date to schedule something in the future,\" White House press secretary Sean Spicer told reporters after Peña Nieto canceled. \"We will keep the lines of communication open.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Bay Area Protests Trump's Immigration Orders",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bay Area cities are preparing for a fight against increased immigration enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/25/trump-moves-to-build-border-wall-cut-sanctuary-city-funds/\">ordered by President Donald Trump on Wednesday\u003c/a>. Hundreds of people rallied in Martinez and San Francisco calling for the protection of immigrants' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About an hour after President Donald Trump signed the executive orders, about 100 people protested in front of San Francisco's City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have a message for the bully in chief. We will fight you in the streets, we will fight you in the courts, we will fight you in our workplace, we will fight you on legislative floors, we will fight you in our churches, we will fight you in our neighborhoods, we will fight you in our union halls. You better be ready for a fight because we are protecting our sanctuary city and our immigrant communities by any means necessary,\" said San Francisco Supervisor Hillary Ronen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saira Hussain, an attorney with the Asian Law Caucus, said that the president is going to have a legal battle on his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These immigration holds are not backed by a judicial authorization,\" she said. \"They violate the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution, and soon after we passed that law, federal courts found immigration holds to be unconstitutional.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11286501\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11286501\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Nancy Ybarra, 27, of Richmond protested the Contra Costa County Sheriff's Office policy of cooperating with federal immigration agents by calling immigrants on probation in for meetings, then handing them over to federal custody. "We're asking them to stop collaborating with ICE ," she said. "What we really want is for people to be protected, regardless of if they're undocumented or not."\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nancy Ybarra, 27, of Richmond, protested Wednesday in Martinez. \"We're asking them to stop collaborating with ICE,\" she said. \"What we really want is for people to be protected, regardless of if they're undocumented or not.\" \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other advocates argued that Trump's policies make the country less secure because they cause a rift between law enforcement and local communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The safety of people in my community is now at risk, and the already fractured relationship between law enforcement and communities like mine is about to get worse,\" said the Rev. Richard Smith, vicar of the Episcopal Church of St. John the Evangelist in the Mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayors from Oakland, San Francisco, San Jose and Berkeley issued a joint statement proclaiming their commitment to sanctuary policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Martinez, a coalition of local groups held a previously planned rally to demand that the sheriff stop using probation meetings to deport immigrants. A report in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/oakland/ambushed-contra-costa-county-law-enforcement-sets-up-surprise-stings-to-help-federal-immigration-agents-arrest-and-deport-immigrants/Content?oid=5078922\">East Bay Express\u003c/a> found that the Contra Costa County Sheriff’s Office staff would call immigrants serving probation in for administrative meetings, where Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents would be ready to arrest them and begin deportation proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say that violates California’s Trust Act, which shields law enforcement from complying with ICE requests to hold someone until an agent can arrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11286500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11286500 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Juan José Lozano Hernandez, of Richmond, attended a protest at the Contra Costa Administrative Building in Martinez on Wednesday, Jan. 25, 2017. The demonstration was organized by the Contra Costa County Racial Justice Coalition (CCCRJC) and the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment (ACCE) to demand that the Sheriff's Office stop cooperating with federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). "We are here so the county police are not allied with ICE," he said in Spanish.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Juan José Lozano Hernandez, of Richmond, attended a protest at the Contra Costa County Administrative Building. \"We are here so the county police are not allied with ICE,\" he said in Spanish. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Melvin Willis, a newly elected member of the Richmond City Council, was at the Martinez rally, alongside organizers from Contra Costa County Racial Justice Coalition and Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They actively have a contract with ICE,” he said. “They were ambushing people who were undocumented in Contra Costa County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff David Livingston told protesters that he will follow the law. If ICE asks him to hold someone, the answer is no, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"However, if they make a request that we notify them when an inmate is going to be released, we comply with that part of the order,\" he said. \"They are free to talk to an immigrant only when they are being released — only when they are being released — we won’t detain them a minute longer.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Candelaria Martinez, 49, of Richmond, said she wants to see the sheriff respect immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sad to see people get deported,” she said in Spanish. “We only want them to respect us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Emslie, Lisa Pickoff-White and Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Area cities are preparing for a fight against increased immigration enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/25/trump-moves-to-build-border-wall-cut-sanctuary-city-funds/\">ordered by President Donald Trump on Wednesday\u003c/a>. Hundreds of people rallied in Martinez and San Francisco calling for the protection of immigrants' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About an hour after President Donald Trump signed the executive orders, about 100 people protested in front of San Francisco's City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have a message for the bully in chief. We will fight you in the streets, we will fight you in the courts, we will fight you in our workplace, we will fight you on legislative floors, we will fight you in our churches, we will fight you in our neighborhoods, we will fight you in our union halls. You better be ready for a fight because we are protecting our sanctuary city and our immigrant communities by any means necessary,\" said San Francisco Supervisor Hillary Ronen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saira Hussain, an attorney with the Asian Law Caucus, said that the president is going to have a legal battle on his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These immigration holds are not backed by a judicial authorization,\" she said. \"They violate the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution, and soon after we passed that law, federal courts found immigration holds to be unconstitutional.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11286501\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11286501\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Nancy Ybarra, 27, of Richmond protested the Contra Costa County Sheriff's Office policy of cooperating with federal immigration agents by calling immigrants on probation in for meetings, then handing them over to federal custody. "We're asking them to stop collaborating with ICE ," she said. "What we really want is for people to be protected, regardless of if they're undocumented or not."\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23853_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-4-of-4-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nancy Ybarra, 27, of Richmond, protested Wednesday in Martinez. \"We're asking them to stop collaborating with ICE,\" she said. \"What we really want is for people to be protected, regardless of if they're undocumented or not.\" \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other advocates argued that Trump's policies make the country less secure because they cause a rift between law enforcement and local communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The safety of people in my community is now at risk, and the already fractured relationship between law enforcement and communities like mine is about to get worse,\" said the Rev. Richard Smith, vicar of the Episcopal Church of St. John the Evangelist in the Mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayors from Oakland, San Francisco, San Jose and Berkeley issued a joint statement proclaiming their commitment to sanctuary policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Martinez, a coalition of local groups held a previously planned rally to demand that the sheriff stop using probation meetings to deport immigrants. A report in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/oakland/ambushed-contra-costa-county-law-enforcement-sets-up-surprise-stings-to-help-federal-immigration-agents-arrest-and-deport-immigrants/Content?oid=5078922\">East Bay Express\u003c/a> found that the Contra Costa County Sheriff’s Office staff would call immigrants serving probation in for administrative meetings, where Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents would be ready to arrest them and begin deportation proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say that violates California’s Trust Act, which shields law enforcement from complying with ICE requests to hold someone until an agent can arrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11286500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11286500 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Juan José Lozano Hernandez, of Richmond, attended a protest at the Contra Costa Administrative Building in Martinez on Wednesday, Jan. 25, 2017. The demonstration was organized by the Contra Costa County Racial Justice Coalition (CCCRJC) and the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment (ACCE) to demand that the Sheriff's Office stop cooperating with federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). "We are here so the county police are not allied with ICE," he said in Spanish.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23850_20170125_ContraCostaSheriffProtest_BEJ-1-of-4-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Juan José Lozano Hernandez, of Richmond, attended a protest at the Contra Costa County Administrative Building. \"We are here so the county police are not allied with ICE,\" he said in Spanish. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Melvin Willis, a newly elected member of the Richmond City Council, was at the Martinez rally, alongside organizers from Contra Costa County Racial Justice Coalition and Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They actively have a contract with ICE,” he said. “They were ambushing people who were undocumented in Contra Costa County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff David Livingston told protesters that he will follow the law. If ICE asks him to hold someone, the answer is no, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"However, if they make a request that we notify them when an inmate is going to be released, we comply with that part of the order,\" he said. \"They are free to talk to an immigrant only when they are being released — only when they are being released — we won’t detain them a minute longer.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Candelaria Martinez, 49, of Richmond, said she wants to see the sheriff respect immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sad to see people get deported,” she said in Spanish. “We only want them to respect us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alex Emslie, Lisa Pickoff-White and Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Questions, Resistance Greet Trump's Immigration Orders in California",
"title": "Questions, Resistance Greet Trump's Immigration Orders in California",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>President Donald Trump signed two executive orders Wednesday dealing with immigration policy -- including \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\">one that seeks to strip federal funding from \"sanctuary jurisdictions.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sanctuary jurisdictions across the United States willfully violate federal law in an attempt to shield aliens from removal of the United States,\" he wrote in the order. \"These jurisdictions have caused immeasurable harm to the American people and to the very fabric of our republic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But officials in sanctuary cities are vowing to stand strong against efforts to force them to do the job of federal immigration authorities -- \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/29/donald-trump-wants-to-cut-funding-from-sanctuary-cities-but-can-he/\">and immigration experts believe the law is largely on the side of local jurisdictions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/304651259\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We stand by our sanctuary city because we want everybody to feel safe and to be able to utilize the services they deserve, including education and health care,\" San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee said Wednesday. \"Certainly his pronouncements do pit people against each other. And I think it's my obligation to keep our city in unity, keep it strong -- make sure that we are taking care of each other regardless of status, regardless of documentation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"vIZhMG6319dKowBh1exXLPPdDNZM00R1\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no uniform -- or legal -- definition, but sanctuary cities are generally defined as governments that restrict their law enforcement agencies from cooperating with deportation enforcement actions. What that means can vary from county to county or city to city; Los Angeles' policy is a decades-old Police Department order, while San Francisco has actual laws on the books limiting city employees' ability to interact with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To define a sanctuary city in the executive order, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1373\">cited a section of federal law \u003c/a>that states local agencies must communicate with federal immigration authorities. But Angela Chan, an immigration attorney at the Asian Law Caucus, said every single police agency in the nation already does that -- they send ICE the fingerprints of each and every person who is booked into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What cities like Oakland, San Francisco and Los Angeles don't do is hold a person in jail so that immigration agents can pick them up for deportation if they should be released otherwise. So Chan said it's unclear which jurisdictions Trump's order would actually apply to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order leaves it up to the U.S. attorney general and secretary of the Department of Homeland Security to decide which cities would have funding withheld.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan said she believes the order was purposely vague because \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/trump-cant-force-sanctuary-cities-to-enforce-his-deportation-plans/2016/12/22/421174d4-c7a4-11e6-85b5-76616a33048d_story.html?utm_term=.1525cbad3b85\">there are several court cases\u003c/a> dealing with states' rights that could make it difficult for the Trump administration to legally require cities and counties to enforce immigration law -- and that limit what funds they can withhold from cities and counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are well aware of many, many court decisions that have found ICE detainers to violate the constitution -- because they constitute unreasonable search and seizure. So they know many actions of ICE have been found to violate the constitution, and so there are limits to what they can do,\" Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What sort of money could be withheld is also up for debate. The order cites \"federal grants,\" but \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2016-11-29/sanctuary-cities-are-safe-thanks-to-conservatives\">the U.S. Supreme Court has held that the federal government can't coerce states into instituting federal policies \u003c/a>by withholding money unrelated to that policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, law enforcement grants may be fair game, but grants unrelated to immigration or police work are probably out of bounds. San Francisco, for example, gets nearly $1 billion in federal funds each year, but only about $10 million in law enforcement grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera said the vague nature of Wednesday's order makes it difficult for city leaders to respond just yet, but he said it's ironic that Trump is enacting these orders in the name of public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"To me, it's incredibly disheartening and disappointing that the president is scapegoating the immigrant community throughout the country, and in particular those that have sanctuary policies ... designed to \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">help law enforcement keep the streets safe,\" he said, noting that these policies were designed in part to ensure that immigrant communities felt comfortable reporting crimes to police. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrera said he doesn't expect anything to happen quickly in terms of moves to strip funding from cities like San Francisco, \"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">but the second we got wind of something threatening our city, its laws and policies, rest assured we would do what we need -- including going to court.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Donald Trump signed two executive orders Wednesday dealing with immigration policy -- including \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\">one that seeks to strip federal funding from \"sanctuary jurisdictions.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sanctuary jurisdictions across the United States willfully violate federal law in an attempt to shield aliens from removal of the United States,\" he wrote in the order. \"These jurisdictions have caused immeasurable harm to the American people and to the very fabric of our republic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But officials in sanctuary cities are vowing to stand strong against efforts to force them to do the job of federal immigration authorities -- \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/29/donald-trump-wants-to-cut-funding-from-sanctuary-cities-but-can-he/\">and immigration experts believe the law is largely on the side of local jurisdictions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/304651259&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/304651259'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We stand by our sanctuary city because we want everybody to feel safe and to be able to utilize the services they deserve, including education and health care,\" San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee said Wednesday. \"Certainly his pronouncements do pit people against each other. And I think it's my obligation to keep our city in unity, keep it strong -- make sure that we are taking care of each other regardless of status, regardless of documentation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no uniform -- or legal -- definition, but sanctuary cities are generally defined as governments that restrict their law enforcement agencies from cooperating with deportation enforcement actions. What that means can vary from county to county or city to city; Los Angeles' policy is a decades-old Police Department order, while San Francisco has actual laws on the books limiting city employees' ability to interact with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To define a sanctuary city in the executive order, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1373\">cited a section of federal law \u003c/a>that states local agencies must communicate with federal immigration authorities. But Angela Chan, an immigration attorney at the Asian Law Caucus, said every single police agency in the nation already does that -- they send ICE the fingerprints of each and every person who is booked into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What cities like Oakland, San Francisco and Los Angeles don't do is hold a person in jail so that immigration agents can pick them up for deportation if they should be released otherwise. So Chan said it's unclear which jurisdictions Trump's order would actually apply to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order leaves it up to the U.S. attorney general and secretary of the Department of Homeland Security to decide which cities would have funding withheld.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan said she believes the order was purposely vague because \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/trump-cant-force-sanctuary-cities-to-enforce-his-deportation-plans/2016/12/22/421174d4-c7a4-11e6-85b5-76616a33048d_story.html?utm_term=.1525cbad3b85\">there are several court cases\u003c/a> dealing with states' rights that could make it difficult for the Trump administration to legally require cities and counties to enforce immigration law -- and that limit what funds they can withhold from cities and counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are well aware of many, many court decisions that have found ICE detainers to violate the constitution -- because they constitute unreasonable search and seizure. So they know many actions of ICE have been found to violate the constitution, and so there are limits to what they can do,\" Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What sort of money could be withheld is also up for debate. The order cites \"federal grants,\" but \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2016-11-29/sanctuary-cities-are-safe-thanks-to-conservatives\">the U.S. Supreme Court has held that the federal government can't coerce states into instituting federal policies \u003c/a>by withholding money unrelated to that policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, law enforcement grants may be fair game, but grants unrelated to immigration or police work are probably out of bounds. San Francisco, for example, gets nearly $1 billion in federal funds each year, but only about $10 million in law enforcement grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera said the vague nature of Wednesday's order makes it difficult for city leaders to respond just yet, but he said it's ironic that Trump is enacting these orders in the name of public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"To me, it's incredibly disheartening and disappointing that the president is scapegoating the immigrant community throughout the country, and in particular those that have sanctuary policies ... designed to \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">help law enforcement keep the streets safe,\" he said, noting that these policies were designed in part to ensure that immigrant communities felt comfortable reporting crimes to police. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrera said he doesn't expect anything to happen quickly in terms of moves to strip funding from cities like San Francisco, \"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">but the second we got wind of something threatening our city, its laws and policies, rest assured we would do what we need -- including going to court.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Following President Trump's signing of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/25/trump-moves-to-build-border-wall-cut-sanctuary-city-funds/\">executive actions\u003c/a> to jump-start construction of a U.S.-Mexico border wall and block federal grants to sanctuary cities that protect immigrants, KQED, the NPR/PBS affiliate in the San Francisco Bay Area, would like to hear your stories on how your family entered the United States and how his new orders could impact you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complete \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/2jT2jVf\">our form here\u003c/a> so we can contact you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ImmigrationForm]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>WASHINGTON -- President Donald Trump moved aggressively to tighten the nation's immigration policies Wednesday, signing executive actions to jump-start construction of a U.S.-Mexico border wall and block federal grants from immigrant-protecting \"sanctuary cities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been talking about this right from the beginning,\" Trump said during a brief signing ceremony at the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Wednesday afternoon, the White House had not circulated copies of the documents or briefed reporters on the details, as has been typical practice in past administrations. But Trump cast his actions as fulfillment of his campaign pledge to enact hard-line immigration measures, including construction of a wall paid for by Mexico. U.S. taxpayers are expected to pay for the upfront costs, though Trump continues to assert that Mexico will reimburse the money through unspecified means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with ABC News earlier Wednesday, Trump said, \"There will be a payment; it will be in a form, perhaps a complicated form.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump has repeatedly said the border structure will be a wall, his spokesman Sean Spicer said more generally Wednesday the president was ordering construction of a \"large physical barrier.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto, who has insisted his country will not pay for a wall, is to meet with Trump at the White House next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The orders Trump signed Wednesday also increase the number of Border Patrol and Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents to be hired. And the president ordered the end of what Republicans have labeled a catch-and-release system at the border. Currently, some immigrants caught crossing the border illegally are released and given notices to report back to immigration officials at a later date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later in the week, Trump is expected to sign orders restricting the flow of refugees into the United States. His current proposal includes at least a four-month halt on all refugee admissions, as well as a temporary ban on people coming from some Muslim-majority countries, according to a source from a public policy organization that monitors refugee issues. The person was briefed on the details of that proposed action by a government official and outlined the plan to The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public policy organization source insisted on anonymity in order to outline the plans ahead of the president's official announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump campaigned on pledges to tighten U.S. immigration policies, including strengthening border security and stemming the flow of refugees. His call for a border wall was among his most popular proposals with supporters, who often broke out in chants of \"build that wall\" during rallies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to terrorism concerns, Trump controversially called for halting entry to the U.S. from Muslim countries. He later turned to a focus on \"extreme vetting\" for those coming from countries with terrorism ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To build the wall, the president may rely on a 2006 law that authorized several hundred miles of fencing along the 2,000-mile frontier. That bill led to the construction of about 700 miles of various kinds of fencing designed to block both vehicles and pedestrians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Secure Fence Act was signed by then-President George W. Bush, and the majority of that fencing in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and California was built before he left office. The last remnants were completed after President Barack Obama took office in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration also must adhere to a decades-old border treaty with Mexico that limits where and how structures can be built. The 1970 treaty requires that structures cannot disrupt the flow of the rivers, which define the U.S.-Mexico border along Texas and 24 miles in Arizona, according to the International Boundary and Water Commission, a joint U.S.-Mexican agency that administers the treaty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's order to crack down on sanctuary cities — locales that don't cooperate with immigration authorities — could cost individual jurisdictions millions of dollars. But the administration may face legal challenges, given that some federal courts have found that local jurisdictions cannot hold immigrants beyond their jail term or deny them bond based only a request from immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appeared as though the refugee restrictions were still being finalized. The person briefed on the proposals said they included a ban on entry to the U.S. for at least 30 days from countries including Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen, though the person cautioned the details could still change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is also likely to be an exception for those fleeing religious persecution if their religion is a minority in their country. That exception could cover Christians fleeing Muslim-majority nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As president, Trump can use an executive order to halt refugee processing. Bush used that same power in the immediate aftermath of the Sept. 11 attacks. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>WASHINGTON -- President Donald Trump moved aggressively to tighten the nation's immigration policies Wednesday, signing executive actions to jump-start construction of a U.S.-Mexico border wall and block federal grants from immigrant-protecting \"sanctuary cities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been talking about this right from the beginning,\" Trump said during a brief signing ceremony at the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Wednesday afternoon, the White House had not circulated copies of the documents or briefed reporters on the details, as has been typical practice in past administrations. But Trump cast his actions as fulfillment of his campaign pledge to enact hard-line immigration measures, including construction of a wall paid for by Mexico. U.S. taxpayers are expected to pay for the upfront costs, though Trump continues to assert that Mexico will reimburse the money through unspecified means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with ABC News earlier Wednesday, Trump said, \"There will be a payment; it will be in a form, perhaps a complicated form.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump has repeatedly said the border structure will be a wall, his spokesman Sean Spicer said more generally Wednesday the president was ordering construction of a \"large physical barrier.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto, who has insisted his country will not pay for a wall, is to meet with Trump at the White House next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The orders Trump signed Wednesday also increase the number of Border Patrol and Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents to be hired. And the president ordered the end of what Republicans have labeled a catch-and-release system at the border. Currently, some immigrants caught crossing the border illegally are released and given notices to report back to immigration officials at a later date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later in the week, Trump is expected to sign orders restricting the flow of refugees into the United States. His current proposal includes at least a four-month halt on all refugee admissions, as well as a temporary ban on people coming from some Muslim-majority countries, according to a source from a public policy organization that monitors refugee issues. The person was briefed on the details of that proposed action by a government official and outlined the plan to The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public policy organization source insisted on anonymity in order to outline the plans ahead of the president's official announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump campaigned on pledges to tighten U.S. immigration policies, including strengthening border security and stemming the flow of refugees. His call for a border wall was among his most popular proposals with supporters, who often broke out in chants of \"build that wall\" during rallies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to terrorism concerns, Trump controversially called for halting entry to the U.S. from Muslim countries. He later turned to a focus on \"extreme vetting\" for those coming from countries with terrorism ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To build the wall, the president may rely on a 2006 law that authorized several hundred miles of fencing along the 2,000-mile frontier. That bill led to the construction of about 700 miles of various kinds of fencing designed to block both vehicles and pedestrians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Secure Fence Act was signed by then-President George W. Bush, and the majority of that fencing in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and California was built before he left office. The last remnants were completed after President Barack Obama took office in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration also must adhere to a decades-old border treaty with Mexico that limits where and how structures can be built. The 1970 treaty requires that structures cannot disrupt the flow of the rivers, which define the U.S.-Mexico border along Texas and 24 miles in Arizona, according to the International Boundary and Water Commission, a joint U.S.-Mexican agency that administers the treaty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's order to crack down on sanctuary cities — locales that don't cooperate with immigration authorities — could cost individual jurisdictions millions of dollars. But the administration may face legal challenges, given that some federal courts have found that local jurisdictions cannot hold immigrants beyond their jail term or deny them bond based only a request from immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appeared as though the refugee restrictions were still being finalized. The person briefed on the proposals said they included a ban on entry to the U.S. for at least 30 days from countries including Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen, though the person cautioned the details could still change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is also likely to be an exception for those fleeing religious persecution if their religion is a minority in their country. That exception could cover Christians fleeing Muslim-majority nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As president, Trump can use an executive order to halt refugee processing. Bush used that same power in the immediate aftermath of the Sept. 11 attacks. Refugee security vetting was reviewed and the process was restarted several months later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Zoll reported from New York. AP writer Alicia A. Caldwell in Washington contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Follow Julie Pace at http://twitter.com/jpaceDC , Vivian Salama at http://twitter.com/vmsalama and Rachel Zoll at http://twitter.com/rzollAP\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Donald Trump talked a lot about building a wall between the U.S. and Mexico when he was a candidate. Now that he is president, it's unclear just what that wall is going to look like and when it might get built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we know so far is that it's likely to be a fence, not a wall, it won't extend the length of the border and it will be very unpopular with its southern neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, about a third of the 2,000-mile border with Mexico is fenced. Some parts are 10 feet tall, some are 20 feet, some are wire mesh, some are steel beams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oldest kind of fencing is made of landing mat material from the Vietnam War — it's the \"primary fence, which is a vehicle barrier\" so vehicles won't easily be able to drive from Mexico into the U.S., says James Nielsen, a Border Patrol agent in the San Diego sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border enforcement officials have been telling Trump's transition team that a fence alone is not enough. You also need agents, camera towers, stadium lights and sensors. If the president insists on a \"great wall\" to deliver on his campaign promise, Customs and Border Protection has identified 400 miles where the fence can be extended or reinforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511165471/511165472\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are clearly sections where it remains impractical. For instance, the border fence stops at a gnarly mountain range at Otay Mesa about 15 miles east of the Pacific Ocean. The view from here is open country — no dividing line, no nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the time that this fence was built, it was too expensive to continue,\" says Border Patrol spokesman Joshua Devack. The mountains are a natural barrier that, he says, \"a lot of crossers choose not to climb. ... They prefer to have access to roads and civilization.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to an \u003ca href=\"http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09244r.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">eight-year-old estimate by the Government Accountability Office\u003c/a>, the border fence cost the government $3 million to $4 million a mile to build. Estimates for additional fencing — in harsher terrain — could surpass $10 million a mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"This is going to divide us more\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump still says he will give the bill to Mexico. Earlier this month, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto restated that his country \"of course\" will not pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The existing wall and talk of more wall remains unpopular with Mexicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Border Patrol agents are being interviewed, a 15-year-old Mexican girl named Carla Martinez watches from a park on the Tijuana side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are against it,\" she says into a microphone thrust through a narrow space between the thick iron posts. \"We won't pay for it. It's bad because it's racist. There has to be a border between different countries, but this is just going to divide us more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has not made the fence-building easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-2000s, Sundt Construction erected about 100 miles of fence in the remote west desert. Company President Mike Hoover says the U.S. government told his construction crews not to set foot across the international divide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11283812\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Border Patrol agent James Nielsen stands near the original landing-mat border fence near Chula Vista.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11283812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Border Patrol agent James Nielsen stands near the original landing-mat border fence near Chula Vista. \u003ccite>(John Burnett/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"So we had a tight working area. That was a challenge. It was unusual but with proper planning we could work our way through that,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were other challenges:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>In one stretch near Yuma, Ariz., the soil was so soft workers had to tow their equipment in with bulldozers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In some places, they had to blast through solid rock to set the fence panels.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Summer temperatures soared above 100 degrees; workers had to take frequent breaks to avoid heatstroke.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And because some Mexicans were hostile to the fence, Hoover says federal border agents and private security guards had to protect the construction crews around the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We did have some instances of rock-throwing from the Mexican side. I know of at least one instance where we had some shots fired in our direction, close enough that we were plenty worried,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the challenges, if Trump gets his wall, Sundt Construction hopes to win a new contract and return to the border to continue the international fence. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "'Build that wall' became a mantra during Donald Trump's presidential campaign. But costs, logistics and geography make building such a wall more complicated than many realize.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Donald Trump talked a lot about building a wall between the U.S. and Mexico when he was a candidate. Now that he is president, it's unclear just what that wall is going to look like and when it might get built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we know so far is that it's likely to be a fence, not a wall, it won't extend the length of the border and it will be very unpopular with its southern neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, about a third of the 2,000-mile border with Mexico is fenced. Some parts are 10 feet tall, some are 20 feet, some are wire mesh, some are steel beams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oldest kind of fencing is made of landing mat material from the Vietnam War — it's the \"primary fence, which is a vehicle barrier\" so vehicles won't easily be able to drive from Mexico into the U.S., says James Nielsen, a Border Patrol agent in the San Diego sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border enforcement officials have been telling Trump's transition team that a fence alone is not enough. You also need agents, camera towers, stadium lights and sensors. If the president insists on a \"great wall\" to deliver on his campaign promise, Customs and Border Protection has identified 400 miles where the fence can be extended or reinforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/511165471/511165472\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are clearly sections where it remains impractical. For instance, the border fence stops at a gnarly mountain range at Otay Mesa about 15 miles east of the Pacific Ocean. The view from here is open country — no dividing line, no nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At the time that this fence was built, it was too expensive to continue,\" says Border Patrol spokesman Joshua Devack. The mountains are a natural barrier that, he says, \"a lot of crossers choose not to climb. ... They prefer to have access to roads and civilization.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to an \u003ca href=\"http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09244r.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">eight-year-old estimate by the Government Accountability Office\u003c/a>, the border fence cost the government $3 million to $4 million a mile to build. Estimates for additional fencing — in harsher terrain — could surpass $10 million a mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"This is going to divide us more\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump still says he will give the bill to Mexico. Earlier this month, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto restated that his country \"of course\" will not pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The existing wall and talk of more wall remains unpopular with Mexicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Border Patrol agents are being interviewed, a 15-year-old Mexican girl named Carla Martinez watches from a park on the Tijuana side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are against it,\" she says into a microphone thrust through a narrow space between the thick iron posts. \"We won't pay for it. It's bad because it's racist. There has to be a border between different countries, but this is just going to divide us more.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has not made the fence-building easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-2000s, Sundt Construction erected about 100 miles of fence in the remote west desert. Company President Mike Hoover says the U.S. government told his construction crews not to set foot across the international divide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11283812\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Border Patrol agent James Nielsen stands near the original landing-mat border fence near Chula Vista.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11283812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/burnett-border-fence-8-edit_wide-0ab30a1c6b4b4e675323e4af4bb45979310ee096-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Border Patrol agent James Nielsen stands near the original landing-mat border fence near Chula Vista. \u003ccite>(John Burnett/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"So we had a tight working area. That was a challenge. It was unusual but with proper planning we could work our way through that,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were other challenges:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>In one stretch near Yuma, Ariz., the soil was so soft workers had to tow their equipment in with bulldozers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In some places, they had to blast through solid rock to set the fence panels.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Summer temperatures soared above 100 degrees; workers had to take frequent breaks to avoid heatstroke.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And because some Mexicans were hostile to the fence, Hoover says federal border agents and private security guards had to protect the construction crews around the clock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We did have some instances of rock-throwing from the Mexican side. I know of at least one instance where we had some shots fired in our direction, close enough that we were plenty worried,\" Hoover says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the challenges, if Trump gets his wall, Sundt Construction hopes to win a new contract and return to the border to continue the international fence. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "interfaith-vigil-provides-some-comfort-in-fresno",
"title": "Interfaith Vigil Provides a Safe Space in Fresno",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the eve of the 45th presidential inauguration, Muslims, Christians, Jews and Sikhs sit side by side in the front pews of Fresno’s First Congregational Church. Religious leaders as well as congregants take turns at the podium offering prayers and pleas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We stand here to unite in prayer and solidarity with each other and for each and every group that is marginalized in our community. We pray for peace that is rooted in justice,” says Reza Nekumanesh, director of the Islamic Cultural Center of Fresno. “Without justice, peace is nothing but a seductive illusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice is the thread that weaves this crowd together. It’s an interfaith vigil, sponsored by \u003ca href=\"http://faithinthevalley.org/\">Faith in the Valley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://faithinfresno.org/fic/about.php\">Faith in Fresno\u003c/a>, to unite people who feel threatened by President Trump’s stance on Obamacare, religious freedom and immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303762071″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reverend Akiko Miyake-Stoner of the United Japanese Christian Church tells a story of another divisive time in America’s history, when Japanese Americans were put in internment camps during World War II. She says a Methodist Pastor in Fresno, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-melvin-wheatley15-2009mar15-story.html\">Melvin E. Wheatley\u003c/a>, moved into the empty home of one family to protect it from vandals and looting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“He tells this story of being home at night and hearing gunshots outside of his house and receiving death threats,” she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miyake-Stoner says she will follow in Wheatley’s footsteps and ask her Japanese-American congregation to stand in solidarity with another group that currently feels threatened: Muslims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s fitting, she says, that “Japanese-Americans stand with our Muslim American brothers and sisters who have received so much hate and pain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11279405\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-800x814.jpg\" alt=\"An interfaith peace vigil was held in Fresno on the eve of President Trump’s inauguration. \" width=\"800\" height=\"814\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11279405\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-800x814.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-160x163.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-1020x1038.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-1180x1201.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-960x977.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-240x244.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-375x382.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-520x529.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An interfaith peace vigil was held in Fresno on the eve of President Trump’s inauguration. \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rabbi Rick Winer of Temple Beth Israel asks the audience, “what can we do as individuals, as people?” He suggests they turn to each other and explain how they will fight injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jess Fitzpatrick and his husband Jordan turn around to face two Sikhs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fitzpatrick says he’s seen his share of bullying and won’t tolerate it. “If I ever see somebody being verbally or physically assaulted, I will be willing and ready to step in and put myself between the person being hurt and the attacker,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fitzpatrick, a member of the First Congregational Church, says he wants to learn more about other religions. Amrik Singh Virk, of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sikhcouncilcentralca.com/\">Sikh Council of Central California\u003c/a>, says he is always welcome at a Sikh temple. Sikhs have an open kitchen, he says. They’ll feed anyone who is hungry. They believe any human encounter is a chance to help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Even if a person is stuck on the road, it is my duty that I stop and check with him,” says Virk. “This is a basic human instinct that we must fulfill our duty towards other people of helping.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Estefania Torres served as the host for the event and introduced all of the speakers. She is a Fresno State student, and the only one of her siblings who is undocumented. She says she’s terrified she will be deported and wonders how her younger brothers and sisters would manage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Just because we’re so close,” she says. “So if something were to happen to me, I know it would really hurt them and my parents as well.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s why she’s here tonight, she says, to speak out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>”Knowing that the community is all here to support each other, I’ve decided I would raise my voice as well,” she says. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I wanna support others and let other people know they’re not alone. I kind of wanted that reassurance for myself tonight. So not only did I do it for the other people but for myself.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the eve of the 45th presidential inauguration, Muslims, Christians, Jews and Sikhs sit side by side in the front pews of Fresno’s First Congregational Church. Religious leaders as well as congregants take turns at the podium offering prayers and pleas.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We stand here to unite in prayer and solidarity with each other and for each and every group that is marginalized in our community. We pray for peace that is rooted in justice,” says Reza Nekumanesh, director of the Islamic Cultural Center of Fresno. “Without justice, peace is nothing but a seductive illusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice is the thread that weaves this crowd together. It’s an interfaith vigil, sponsored by \u003ca href=\"http://faithinthevalley.org/\">Faith in the Valley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://faithinfresno.org/fic/about.php\">Faith in Fresno\u003c/a>, to unite people who feel threatened by President Trump’s stance on Obamacare, religious freedom and immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303762071″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303762071″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reverend Akiko Miyake-Stoner of the United Japanese Christian Church tells a story of another divisive time in America’s history, when Japanese Americans were put in internment camps during World War II. She says a Methodist Pastor in Fresno, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-melvin-wheatley15-2009mar15-story.html\">Melvin E. Wheatley\u003c/a>, moved into the empty home of one family to protect it from vandals and looting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“He tells this story of being home at night and hearing gunshots outside of his house and receiving death threats,” she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miyake-Stoner says she will follow in Wheatley’s footsteps and ask her Japanese-American congregation to stand in solidarity with another group that currently feels threatened: Muslims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s fitting, she says, that “Japanese-Americans stand with our Muslim American brothers and sisters who have received so much hate and pain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11279405\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-800x814.jpg\" alt=\"An interfaith peace vigil was held in Fresno on the eve of President Trump’s inauguration. \" width=\"800\" height=\"814\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11279405\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-800x814.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-160x163.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-1020x1038.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-1180x1201.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-960x977.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-240x244.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-375x382.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-520x529.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/InterfaithPews-64x64.jpg 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An interfaith peace vigil was held in Fresno on the eve of President Trump’s inauguration. \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rabbi Rick Winer of Temple Beth Israel asks the audience, “what can we do as individuals, as people?” He suggests they turn to each other and explain how they will fight injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jess Fitzpatrick and his husband Jordan turn around to face two Sikhs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fitzpatrick says he’s seen his share of bullying and won’t tolerate it. “If I ever see somebody being verbally or physically assaulted, I will be willing and ready to step in and put myself between the person being hurt and the attacker,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fitzpatrick, a member of the First Congregational Church, says he wants to learn more about other religions. Amrik Singh Virk, of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sikhcouncilcentralca.com/\">Sikh Council of Central California\u003c/a>, says he is always welcome at a Sikh temple. Sikhs have an open kitchen, he says. They’ll feed anyone who is hungry. They believe any human encounter is a chance to help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Even if a person is stuck on the road, it is my duty that I stop and check with him,” says Virk. “This is a basic human instinct that we must fulfill our duty towards other people of helping.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Estefania Torres served as the host for the event and introduced all of the speakers. She is a Fresno State student, and the only one of her siblings who is undocumented. She says she’s terrified she will be deported and wonders how her younger brothers and sisters would manage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Just because we’re so close,” she says. “So if something were to happen to me, I know it would really hurt them and my parents as well.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s why she’s here tonight, she says, to speak out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>”Knowing that the community is all here to support each other, I’ve decided I would raise my voice as well,” she says. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I wanna support others and let other people know they’re not alone. I kind of wanted that reassurance for myself tonight. So not only did I do it for the other people but for myself.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Nail Salon Workers Allege Wage Theft, Indicate Larger Exploitation",
"title": "Nail Salon Workers Allege Wage Theft, Indicate Larger Exploitation",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Many nail salons in California may be systematically cheating their employees, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/sites/default/files/nail-salon-case-filing.pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> filed in Orange County Superior Court by the civil rights organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/\">Asian Americans Advancing Justice\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four Vietnamese women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated \u003ca href=\"http://labor.ca.gov/laborlawreg.htm\">California labor laws \u003c/a>in a number of ways, including breaking \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/SB3_FAQ.htm\">minimum wage \u003c/a>law. It’s not the first time the salon has been accused of labor law transgressions — three years ago state officials fined Tustin Nail Spa $28,000 for violation of labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Laboni Hoq, litigation director for Asian Americans Advancing Justice and attorney for the four women filing the lawsuit, nail salons are one of the hidden labor segments in California where exploitation of workers is rampant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The practices that they were subject to at this nail salon,\" Hoq says, \"is really indicative of practices we've seen and heard about throughout the nail salon industry in Southern California and likely throughout the state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303405241\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are an estimated 8,000 to 10,000 licensed nail salons in California -- roughly 70 percent of them are owned or staffed by Asian-Americans, predominantly Vietnamese-Americans. That's especially true in the Little Saigon area of Orange County, which boasts the largest Vietnamese population outside of Vietnam. Nail salons are in almost every small strip mall throughout Little Saigon. Within a few blocks of the Tustin Nail Spa there are a dozen other salons, including two right across the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fred Jones, executive director of the trade association \u003ca href=\"http://www.beautyfederation.org/\">Professional Beauty Federation of California\u003c/a>, nail salons offer a good entry opportunity -- both for unskilled workers to get a job and for entrepreneurs who want to start a business with limited capital. But as salons have proliferated, he says, competition has gotten cutthroat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With nail salons in particular, it’s really been a race to the bottom,” Jones says, “based solely on how cheap we can give a mani-pedi.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That pressure on owners to cut corners and cost is what's pushing the wage fight with employees, Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thu Hang Pham is one of the former workers filing the lawsuit. She says workers were required to clock in and out as employees, but in actuality worked many more hours, with few or no breaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would have paychecks, but those would not be true to what the hours were,\" Pham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11275682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-800x811.jpg\" alt=\"Four women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated state labor laws in a number of ways, including breaking minimum wage law. \" width=\"800\" height=\"811\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11275682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-800x811.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-1020x1034.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-1180x1196.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-960x973.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-240x243.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-375x380.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-520x527.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated state labor laws in a number of ways, including breaking minimum wage law. \u003ccite>(David Gorn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit says the system of paying workers strictly on commission resulted in manicurists often working long hours for little pay, with the potential for salary to even fall below minimum wage. The tipping point for Pham came when salon owners wanted to change employees’ work designation to \"independent contractor\" — but without any of the benefits of being a contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They wanted us to rent the work stations, get an independent license, but all of those other things wouldn’t change, we still would have to give up 40 percent of our money to the owner,\" Pham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California labor law says if business owners set the rates and hours of employment, they need to pay workers as employees, not contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helen Chen is coordinator of public programs at the UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://lohp.org/\">Labor Occupational Health Program\u003c/a>. She says it’s extremely common in the nail salon industry for owners to avoid paying overtime, vacations or holidays, or even provide work breaks. But to do all of that to employees, and then make them pay for the privilege of working there, that seems to have hit a nerve with salon employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"MVpQOnuXM50hPItpxfN6WjkxLE9mCaQv\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This question of whether workers are independent contractors or employees is a gateway question for the nail salon community,” Chen says. “It can be very difficult to penetrate those employment practices and change them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is trying. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_2001-2050/ab_2025_cfa_20160627_181456_sen_comm.html\">new law \u003c/a>goes into effect in July in California -- as part of all license renewals, salon owners and workers will need to sign off on a basic understanding of California labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones of the Beauty Federation says the end result of changes in salary structure within the nail salon industry will be felt by consumers. The days of the impossibly cheap $16 mani-pedi could come to an end. He thinks that may not be a bad thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you see a nail salon that’s offering a mani-pedi for under $20, the first reaction of course, it’s human nature, is, 'Yippee! Let’s go!'\" Jones says. “But hopefully with some time and reflection, you need to start asking as a consumer, 'What goes into a manicure and a pedicure?'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a common saying in the Vietnamese community: Don’t kick your bowl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, lawsuit proponents say, that means: don’t raise a fuss, even when you think employment practices might violate state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese nail salons are a closed and insular community, advocates say. Airing this case in court might do more than help four former nail salon workers -- it could help change employment practices that are both accepted and illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A preliminary hearing is set for Jan. 27 in Orange County Superior Court.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many nail salons in California may be systematically cheating their employees, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/sites/default/files/nail-salon-case-filing.pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> filed in Orange County Superior Court by the civil rights organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/\">Asian Americans Advancing Justice\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four Vietnamese women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated \u003ca href=\"http://labor.ca.gov/laborlawreg.htm\">California labor laws \u003c/a>in a number of ways, including breaking \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/SB3_FAQ.htm\">minimum wage \u003c/a>law. It’s not the first time the salon has been accused of labor law transgressions — three years ago state officials fined Tustin Nail Spa $28,000 for violation of labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Laboni Hoq, litigation director for Asian Americans Advancing Justice and attorney for the four women filing the lawsuit, nail salons are one of the hidden labor segments in California where exploitation of workers is rampant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The practices that they were subject to at this nail salon,\" Hoq says, \"is really indicative of practices we've seen and heard about throughout the nail salon industry in Southern California and likely throughout the state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303405241&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303405241'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are an estimated 8,000 to 10,000 licensed nail salons in California -- roughly 70 percent of them are owned or staffed by Asian-Americans, predominantly Vietnamese-Americans. That's especially true in the Little Saigon area of Orange County, which boasts the largest Vietnamese population outside of Vietnam. Nail salons are in almost every small strip mall throughout Little Saigon. Within a few blocks of the Tustin Nail Spa there are a dozen other salons, including two right across the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fred Jones, executive director of the trade association \u003ca href=\"http://www.beautyfederation.org/\">Professional Beauty Federation of California\u003c/a>, nail salons offer a good entry opportunity -- both for unskilled workers to get a job and for entrepreneurs who want to start a business with limited capital. But as salons have proliferated, he says, competition has gotten cutthroat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With nail salons in particular, it’s really been a race to the bottom,” Jones says, “based solely on how cheap we can give a mani-pedi.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That pressure on owners to cut corners and cost is what's pushing the wage fight with employees, Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thu Hang Pham is one of the former workers filing the lawsuit. She says workers were required to clock in and out as employees, but in actuality worked many more hours, with few or no breaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would have paychecks, but those would not be true to what the hours were,\" Pham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11275682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-800x811.jpg\" alt=\"Four women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated state labor laws in a number of ways, including breaking minimum wage law. \" width=\"800\" height=\"811\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11275682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-800x811.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-1020x1034.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-1180x1196.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-960x973.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-240x243.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-375x380.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-520x527.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/NailSpa-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four women have filed a lawsuit against their former employers, the owners of Tustin Nail Spa in the city of Orange. The women say salon owners violated state labor laws in a number of ways, including breaking minimum wage law. \u003ccite>(David Gorn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit says the system of paying workers strictly on commission resulted in manicurists often working long hours for little pay, with the potential for salary to even fall below minimum wage. The tipping point for Pham came when salon owners wanted to change employees’ work designation to \"independent contractor\" — but without any of the benefits of being a contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They wanted us to rent the work stations, get an independent license, but all of those other things wouldn’t change, we still would have to give up 40 percent of our money to the owner,\" Pham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California labor law says if business owners set the rates and hours of employment, they need to pay workers as employees, not contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helen Chen is coordinator of public programs at the UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://lohp.org/\">Labor Occupational Health Program\u003c/a>. She says it’s extremely common in the nail salon industry for owners to avoid paying overtime, vacations or holidays, or even provide work breaks. But to do all of that to employees, and then make them pay for the privilege of working there, that seems to have hit a nerve with salon employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This question of whether workers are independent contractors or employees is a gateway question for the nail salon community,” Chen says. “It can be very difficult to penetrate those employment practices and change them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is trying. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/asm/ab_2001-2050/ab_2025_cfa_20160627_181456_sen_comm.html\">new law \u003c/a>goes into effect in July in California -- as part of all license renewals, salon owners and workers will need to sign off on a basic understanding of California labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones of the Beauty Federation says the end result of changes in salary structure within the nail salon industry will be felt by consumers. The days of the impossibly cheap $16 mani-pedi could come to an end. He thinks that may not be a bad thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you see a nail salon that’s offering a mani-pedi for under $20, the first reaction of course, it’s human nature, is, 'Yippee! Let’s go!'\" Jones says. “But hopefully with some time and reflection, you need to start asking as a consumer, 'What goes into a manicure and a pedicure?'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a common saying in the Vietnamese community: Don’t kick your bowl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, lawsuit proponents say, that means: don’t raise a fuss, even when you think employment practices might violate state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese nail salons are a closed and insular community, advocates say. Airing this case in court might do more than help four former nail salon workers -- it could help change employment practices that are both accepted and illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A preliminary hearing is set for Jan. 27 in Orange County Superior Court.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
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