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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hourly readings of PM 2.5 on the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.valleyair.org/Programs/RAAN/raan_monitoring_system.htm\">real-time monitoring website\u003c/a> have been hovering in the red (unhealthy) and purple (extremely unhealthy) zones since last week, sometimes reaching levels three times higher than the average daily federal health standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.valleyair.org/Home.htm\">San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District \u003c/a>says unusually warm temperatures for November -- and the ongoing drought -- are to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Low overnight temperatures, high afternoon temperatures, so the inversion layer is getting fairly close to the ground overnight. It’s mushing all that pollution down,” says the air district’s Jaime Holt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Extreme stagnation, long dry spells, with very little air movement,” adds Samir Sheikh, deputy air pollution control officer. “Just the perfect conditions for PM 2.5 to form in the atmosphere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air district officials have been asking residents not to burn their fireplaces and commuters to shorten trips and not idle their cars at drive-thrus. But air quality activists says the air district needs to publicly ask schools to cancel athletic events, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='20'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/176616034&visual=true&color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false&show_user=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/176616034'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Schools usually keep their kids in from recess, from PE because of the air quality, but after school, they’re not really following their recommendations anymore,” says Dolores Weller, of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calcleanair.org/\">Central Valley Air Quality Coalition\u003c/a>. “The air district does need to give some stronger recommendations based on protecting kids' health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a critique that air quality activists have been making for a long time: \u003ca href=\"http://audio.californiareport.org/archive/R201111010850/a\">the health message about air quality isn’t getting out there to the public.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At last weekend’s Fresno State football game against San Jose State, the haze was so thick it was hard to see across the stadium. But fans showed up anyway. You can check out a \u003ca href=\"http://abc30.com/weather/smog-greets-fans-at-fresno-states-homecoming-game/386998/\">video of the smoggy stadium here.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participation in the real-time air monitoring program is voluntary for schools. The San Joaquin Valley air district says it does warn schools when air pollution spikes, but it doesn’t have the authority to stop school events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do want to keep this relationship open with the schools. What we don’t want them to feel is that we are coming down with a hammer on them in such a way that it makes them not want to participate in the [air-monitoring] program at all,” says the Air District’s Jaime Holt.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "News Pix: Acorn Woodpeckers in Bay Area Lowlands and Election Shake-ups",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10347671\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440.jpg\" alt=\"fracking1440\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the first major ballot test of how California voters would react to \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2014/11/05/new-california-county-fracking-bans-likely-to-face-challenges/\" target=\"_blank\">hydraulic fracturing\u003c/a>, two counties in California approved fracking bans on Tuesday. Opponents of fracking are hoping the movement will spread to other counties. But a measure to bar the controversial oil production technique in Santa Barbara County — where the oil industry is well-established — fell short. And in San Benito and Mendocino Counties, where the bans passed, they are likely to face court challenges. (Gabriela Quiros/KQED)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10347745\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda.jpg\" alt=\"honda\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Honda thanks his campaign staff for their work on the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/04/down-to-the-wire-for-mike-honda-ro-khanna/\" target=\"_blank\">closest of his eight congressional races\u003c/a>. The campaign organized a watch party Tuesday night at Zahir's Bistro in Milpitas. (Jay Lee/\u003ca href=\"http://peninsulapress.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Peninsula Press\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10347672\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey.jpg\" alt=\"PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polls at the University Lutheran Church in Palo Alto saw a rush in the last half-hour before they closed at 8 p.m. Signs lined the hallway and lawn leading up to the\u003cbr>\nvoting station. (Austin Meyer/\u003ca href=\"http://peninsulapress.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Peninsula Press\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10347674\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker.jpg\" alt=\"woodpecker\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the Bay Area, Acorn Woodpecker colonies are fairly common in the East Bay hills and the western slopes of Mount Diablo, particularly where there are concentrations of valley oaks, but are practically unheard of west of the Hayward Fault. This year there have been \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/11/03/why-acorn-woodpeckers-are-appearing-in-berkeley/\" target=\"_blank\">several sightings in the lowlands\u003c/a>, most likely due to acorn crop failure. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/larry_dena/with/15323430179\" target=\"_blank\">Larry and Dena Hollowood\u003c/a>/Berkeleyside)\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10347671\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440.jpg\" alt=\"fracking1440\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/fracking1440-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the first major ballot test of how California voters would react to \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2014/11/05/new-california-county-fracking-bans-likely-to-face-challenges/\" target=\"_blank\">hydraulic fracturing\u003c/a>, two counties in California approved fracking bans on Tuesday. Opponents of fracking are hoping the movement will spread to other counties. But a measure to bar the controversial oil production technique in Santa Barbara County — where the oil industry is well-established — fell short. And in San Benito and Mendocino Counties, where the bans passed, they are likely to face court challenges. (Gabriela Quiros/KQED)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10347745\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda.jpg\" alt=\"honda\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/honda-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Honda thanks his campaign staff for their work on the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/04/down-to-the-wire-for-mike-honda-ro-khanna/\" target=\"_blank\">closest of his eight congressional races\u003c/a>. The campaign organized a watch party Tuesday night at Zahir's Bistro in Milpitas. (Jay Lee/\u003ca href=\"http://peninsulapress.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Peninsula Press\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10347672\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey.jpg\" alt=\"PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/PeninsulaPress_Election_Mey-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polls at the University Lutheran Church in Palo Alto saw a rush in the last half-hour before they closed at 8 p.m. Signs lined the hallway and lawn leading up to the\u003cbr>\nvoting station. (Austin Meyer/\u003ca href=\"http://peninsulapress.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Peninsula Press\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10347674\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker.jpg\" alt=\"woodpecker\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/woodpecker-800x450.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the Bay Area, Acorn Woodpecker colonies are fairly common in the East Bay hills and the western slopes of Mount Diablo, particularly where there are concentrations of valley oaks, but are practically unheard of west of the Hayward Fault. This year there have been \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/11/03/why-acorn-woodpeckers-are-appearing-in-berkeley/\" target=\"_blank\">several sightings in the lowlands\u003c/a>, most likely due to acorn crop failure. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/larry_dena/with/15323430179\" target=\"_blank\">Larry and Dena Hollowood\u003c/a>/Berkeleyside)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Life Aboard a 'Polar Roller': America's Last Heavy Icebreaker",
"headTitle": "Life Aboard a ‘Polar Roller’: America’s Last Heavy Icebreaker | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Captain Matt Walker took command of the Coast Guard cutter Polar Star, the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/aging-u-s-icebreaker-fleet-may-imperil-polar-science/\">only remaining active icebreaker\u003c/a> in the U.S. fleet that’s capable of clearing a channel for ships that supply McMurdo Station, a major hub for Antarctic research. This is Walker’s second deployment on this icebreaker, which was commissioned in 1976 with a planned 30-year working life. I spoke with him aboard the ship as it was undergoing\u003cem> three months of extensive work in a Mare Island dry dock.\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/CaptWalker_bridge.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23101\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/CaptWalker_bridge.jpg\" alt=\"Captain Matt Walker on the bridge of the USCGC Polar Star, the only active heavy-duty icebreaker in the U.S. fleet (Adam Grossberg/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"960\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Capt. Matt Walker on the bridge of the USCGC Polar Star, the only active heavy-duty icebreaker in the U.S. fleet (Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>So tell me about the Antarctica part. \u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polar Star’s primary mission is to provide a channel for the logistics ships to resupply \u003ca title=\"NSF - McMurdo\" href=\"http://www.nsf.gov/geo/plr/support/mcmurdo.jsp\">McMurdo Station\u003c/a>, which really is a hub for all of the science stations in Antarctica. They take a fuel tanker down there and also a container ship. And McMurdo is kind of the port you might say – the logistics port – for all of Antarctica. It supplies the South Pole. But they do a tremendous amount of science support out of McMurdo and that’s really what we do – is support science through our own means. We also have the capability to conduct science on-board. However, now that we’re the only heavy icebreaker that can go to Antarctica for the U.S. the science is curtailed tremendously because we’re too busy breaking in the channel to get the logistics ships into McMurdo.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We might just be rescuing mankind by supporting the science that’s being conducted in Antarctica…you never know.’\u003ccite>— Capt. Matt Walker, USCG\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But as you can imagine, Antarctica is a pretty fascinating place with ice that’s a million years old. They have opportunity to collect data from a million years ago. I tell the crew, when I took command, the Coast Guard does a lot of exciting missions — law enforcement, search and rescue — and there very good domestic opportunities for them and they have an impact domestically. But what we do on Polar Star, we might just be rescuing mankind by supporting the science that’s being conducted in Antarctica that might just save the human race — you never know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>It’s a long way and a hard way in. Give me a sense of what it’s like to be on board. \u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, to get to the ice we have to cross the Southern Ocean which is probably the most severe ocean on [sic] the world because there’s no land mass to stop [high winds] and it has a series of low-pressure systems, so you get routinely knocked around pretty good. Ten years ago when I came down there we took green water, which is heavy water, up over the bridge and knocked out three bridge windows. The bridge windows are approximately 60 feet above the water line so you can imagine how big the seas were. Once we get down across the Southern Ocean, and we enter into the ice ring, then that’s pretty light going. And it’s not until we reach the fast ice, which means the ice is connected to shore, and then we have to turn that ice into ice cubes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we’re fairly large. When people ask, “How big is the Polar Star?” We tell them, “399 feet long,” and then they think of that Navy destroyer that’s 520 feet long. But in reality we’re twice as large as a Navy destroyer by weight. We’re close to 14,000 tons [fully loaded] and that enables us when we break ice to ride up on top of the ice and crush it. And that’s how we break ice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s a very violent experience. If you can imagine the earthquake we had recently and experiencing that on every minute for a few hours as we crush through the ice, it’s pretty violent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[edge_animation id=”7″ left=”auto”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>It sounds like it feels like an earthquake.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is, exactly. And you can’t watch television. You can’t read or anything, once the ship impacts the ice. Then we back down and then it’s all smooth again. And then we ram back in and it gets very violent again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>…except our earthquakes last twenty seconds.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correct. The break-in might take a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s nobody more dependable than us to get there and make sure that we can get through the channel and get those supply ships in there. Because if they don’t get that fuel ship and container ship, they really will have to shut down the science mission in Antarctica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/CGCPolarStar_gray_sm.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23471\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/CGCPolarStar_gray_sm.jpg\" alt=\"The Polar Star in sea ice off Antarctica. (U.S. Coast Guard)\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1136\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Polar Star in sea ice off Antarctica. (Courtesy of U.S. Coast Guard)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>You talked about the mission possibly saving mankind. What did you mean by that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Antarctica really is a giant laboratory for science in the world. And it really is — I’ll say — sterile, as far as man’s influence on it, meaning we haven’t corrupted and contaminated that data that’s available down there for them to collect. I’m not a scientist but I know that they bore down into the ice one, two miles, collect data that’s close to a million years old and we haven’t yet contaminated that, with the treaty that preserves that. So by us going down there, I like to think that we are allowing those scientists to conduct that work and that research that just might save the planet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>And you’ve got sea lanes opening up where there weren’t sea lanes before in the North Polar Seas.\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correct, yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”jH4VZZJRkUCCvdnGL4A5Zl5XikHxAmg2″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Here again, I would assume, we need a couple of icebreakers for that\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, we do have the Healy up north which is a medium icebreaker. She is inadequate to go to Antarctica but she’s adequate for the north because in the Arctic, the ice is only 6 years old at the oldest because it flows in a circular pattern and exits between Greenland and Iceland and through those channels out there so we don’t need as heavy [of an] icebreaker but we do need the ability to put U.S. presence up there. From a Coast Guard standpoint, we’re looking at it from maritime preservation, security, and for search and rescue. If somebody — God forbid — needs rescuing up there, who’s going to go rescue them if we don’t have icebreakers that can do that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the Healy’s done a couple of search and rescue missions up there and just recently. And they also had to break into Nome to save Nome, Alaska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we do need icebreakers. But people, you know, the United States — other than Alaska and maybe the Great Lakes — they don’t see it. But we do have a presence there and we do have a responsibility to our maritime community to provide a safe and secure transit through the north and also up there we need to be able to fly the flag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Why is it, do you think, that you can’t get the funding to give us the ships that we need in these parts of the world?\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ice is pretty but it doesn’t spend a lot of time on television and it doesn’t capture the American audience’s interest. We have a lot of things going on in the country, there’s a lot of fiscal restraint, there’s a lot of troubles in the world that are more on the forefront of the plate, of the burner than the Arctic and the Antarctic. Unfortunately those little hot spots come and go throughout history, but the Arctic and the Antarctic don’t. They’re always there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>What did you say the sticker price would be on a new state-of-the-art heavy breaker?\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From what I have heard: a billion dollars. Now I could easily say, “Hey, the Air Force could not build one of their new fighter jets and we could have two or three of them!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>But you wouldn’t say that.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, I wouldn’t, absolutely! But you know, it’s all in perspective. The Coast Guard is a very small service. Arguably, we’re smaller than the New York City Police Department. Our budget probably wouldn’t buy the toilet paper for the Department of Defense, which is unfortunate and obviously I’m biased and would like to have more money for our humane mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This is hazardous duty.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, it is. Unfortunately, in the late 90s we had a young sailor that was standing on the port side of the bridge and we took a 35 degree roll. He slipped, fell and went sliding across the deck to the starboard side and was killed when he hit that stanchion there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong> A ship that is built optimized for breaking ice can’t be the best in heavy seas.\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, it is not, no. Yes, she does roll. [Which is why, Walker says, they refer to icebreakers as “polar rollers.”] I’ve often slept on the deck because it’s hard to stay in my rack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>So you keep a supply of Dramamine topped up?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, this is proven. I’ve read this: One earplug in one ear — you can tell this to all your listeners — is more effective than all those other drugs. I read a study by one of the universities in the U.K., tested all these seasick medications and inadvertently discovered that the most effective one was one earplug in one ear. It doesn’t matter which ear. Just one ear plug. I’ve seen it work. It worked on my wife. My wife — if she looks at water she gets seasick — went out a friend’s yacht and she didn’t get seasick at all. And on our way down here I was telling the crew members and several of them that are prone to seasickness tried it and it was effective. That’s from somebody with 20 years of sea service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Marissa Ortega-Welch looked into the “earplug” strategy and found some \u003ca title=\"JTM - post\" href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1708-8305.1995.tb00649.x/pdf\">references to it\u003c/a>. Contrary to Walker’s method, some sources specify which ear (left ear if you’re right-handed and vice versa). While there appears to be no established scientific rationale for it, many say it works. We’ll be conducting “field tests” of our own.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "And a trick to prevent seasickness that the skipper swears by (other than staying ashore).",
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"description": "And a trick to prevent seasickness that the skipper swears by (other than staying ashore).",
"title": "Life Aboard a 'Polar Roller': America's Last Heavy Icebreaker | KQED",
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"headline": "Life Aboard a 'Polar Roller': America's Last Heavy Icebreaker",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Captain Matt Walker took command of the Coast Guard cutter Polar Star, the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/aging-u-s-icebreaker-fleet-may-imperil-polar-science/\">only remaining active icebreaker\u003c/a> in the U.S. fleet that’s capable of clearing a channel for ships that supply McMurdo Station, a major hub for Antarctic research. This is Walker’s second deployment on this icebreaker, which was commissioned in 1976 with a planned 30-year working life. I spoke with him aboard the ship as it was undergoing\u003cem> three months of extensive work in a Mare Island dry dock.\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/CaptWalker_bridge.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23101\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/CaptWalker_bridge.jpg\" alt=\"Captain Matt Walker on the bridge of the USCGC Polar Star, the only active heavy-duty icebreaker in the U.S. fleet (Adam Grossberg/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"960\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Capt. Matt Walker on the bridge of the USCGC Polar Star, the only active heavy-duty icebreaker in the U.S. fleet (Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>So tell me about the Antarctica part. \u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polar Star’s primary mission is to provide a channel for the logistics ships to resupply \u003ca title=\"NSF - McMurdo\" href=\"http://www.nsf.gov/geo/plr/support/mcmurdo.jsp\">McMurdo Station\u003c/a>, which really is a hub for all of the science stations in Antarctica. They take a fuel tanker down there and also a container ship. And McMurdo is kind of the port you might say – the logistics port – for all of Antarctica. It supplies the South Pole. But they do a tremendous amount of science support out of McMurdo and that’s really what we do – is support science through our own means. We also have the capability to conduct science on-board. However, now that we’re the only heavy icebreaker that can go to Antarctica for the U.S. the science is curtailed tremendously because we’re too busy breaking in the channel to get the logistics ships into McMurdo.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We might just be rescuing mankind by supporting the science that’s being conducted in Antarctica…you never know.’\u003ccite>— Capt. Matt Walker, USCG\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But as you can imagine, Antarctica is a pretty fascinating place with ice that’s a million years old. They have opportunity to collect data from a million years ago. I tell the crew, when I took command, the Coast Guard does a lot of exciting missions — law enforcement, search and rescue — and there very good domestic opportunities for them and they have an impact domestically. But what we do on Polar Star, we might just be rescuing mankind by supporting the science that’s being conducted in Antarctica that might just save the human race — you never know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>It’s a long way and a hard way in. Give me a sense of what it’s like to be on board. \u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, to get to the ice we have to cross the Southern Ocean which is probably the most severe ocean on [sic] the world because there’s no land mass to stop [high winds] and it has a series of low-pressure systems, so you get routinely knocked around pretty good. Ten years ago when I came down there we took green water, which is heavy water, up over the bridge and knocked out three bridge windows. The bridge windows are approximately 60 feet above the water line so you can imagine how big the seas were. Once we get down across the Southern Ocean, and we enter into the ice ring, then that’s pretty light going. And it’s not until we reach the fast ice, which means the ice is connected to shore, and then we have to turn that ice into ice cubes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we’re fairly large. When people ask, “How big is the Polar Star?” We tell them, “399 feet long,” and then they think of that Navy destroyer that’s 520 feet long. But in reality we’re twice as large as a Navy destroyer by weight. We’re close to 14,000 tons [fully loaded] and that enables us when we break ice to ride up on top of the ice and crush it. And that’s how we break ice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s a very violent experience. If you can imagine the earthquake we had recently and experiencing that on every minute for a few hours as we crush through the ice, it’s pretty violent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[edge_animation id=”7″ left=”auto”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>It sounds like it feels like an earthquake.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is, exactly. And you can’t watch television. You can’t read or anything, once the ship impacts the ice. Then we back down and then it’s all smooth again. And then we ram back in and it gets very violent again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>…except our earthquakes last twenty seconds.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correct. The break-in might take a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s nobody more dependable than us to get there and make sure that we can get through the channel and get those supply ships in there. Because if they don’t get that fuel ship and container ship, they really will have to shut down the science mission in Antarctica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/CGCPolarStar_gray_sm.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23471\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/CGCPolarStar_gray_sm.jpg\" alt=\"The Polar Star in sea ice off Antarctica. (U.S. Coast Guard)\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1136\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Polar Star in sea ice off Antarctica. (Courtesy of U.S. Coast Guard)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>You talked about the mission possibly saving mankind. What did you mean by that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Antarctica really is a giant laboratory for science in the world. And it really is — I’ll say — sterile, as far as man’s influence on it, meaning we haven’t corrupted and contaminated that data that’s available down there for them to collect. I’m not a scientist but I know that they bore down into the ice one, two miles, collect data that’s close to a million years old and we haven’t yet contaminated that, with the treaty that preserves that. So by us going down there, I like to think that we are allowing those scientists to conduct that work and that research that just might save the planet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>And you’ve got sea lanes opening up where there weren’t sea lanes before in the North Polar Seas.\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correct, yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Here again, I would assume, we need a couple of icebreakers for that\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, we do have the Healy up north which is a medium icebreaker. She is inadequate to go to Antarctica but she’s adequate for the north because in the Arctic, the ice is only 6 years old at the oldest because it flows in a circular pattern and exits between Greenland and Iceland and through those channels out there so we don’t need as heavy [of an] icebreaker but we do need the ability to put U.S. presence up there. From a Coast Guard standpoint, we’re looking at it from maritime preservation, security, and for search and rescue. If somebody — God forbid — needs rescuing up there, who’s going to go rescue them if we don’t have icebreakers that can do that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the Healy’s done a couple of search and rescue missions up there and just recently. And they also had to break into Nome to save Nome, Alaska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we do need icebreakers. But people, you know, the United States — other than Alaska and maybe the Great Lakes — they don’t see it. But we do have a presence there and we do have a responsibility to our maritime community to provide a safe and secure transit through the north and also up there we need to be able to fly the flag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Why is it, do you think, that you can’t get the funding to give us the ships that we need in these parts of the world?\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ice is pretty but it doesn’t spend a lot of time on television and it doesn’t capture the American audience’s interest. We have a lot of things going on in the country, there’s a lot of fiscal restraint, there’s a lot of troubles in the world that are more on the forefront of the plate, of the burner than the Arctic and the Antarctic. Unfortunately those little hot spots come and go throughout history, but the Arctic and the Antarctic don’t. They’re always there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>What did you say the sticker price would be on a new state-of-the-art heavy breaker?\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From what I have heard: a billion dollars. Now I could easily say, “Hey, the Air Force could not build one of their new fighter jets and we could have two or three of them!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>But you wouldn’t say that.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, I wouldn’t, absolutely! But you know, it’s all in perspective. The Coast Guard is a very small service. Arguably, we’re smaller than the New York City Police Department. Our budget probably wouldn’t buy the toilet paper for the Department of Defense, which is unfortunate and obviously I’m biased and would like to have more money for our humane mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This is hazardous duty.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, it is. Unfortunately, in the late 90s we had a young sailor that was standing on the port side of the bridge and we took a 35 degree roll. He slipped, fell and went sliding across the deck to the starboard side and was killed when he hit that stanchion there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong> A ship that is built optimized for breaking ice can’t be the best in heavy seas.\u003c/strong> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, it is not, no. Yes, she does roll. [Which is why, Walker says, they refer to icebreakers as “polar rollers.”] I’ve often slept on the deck because it’s hard to stay in my rack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>So you keep a supply of Dramamine topped up?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, this is proven. I’ve read this: One earplug in one ear — you can tell this to all your listeners — is more effective than all those other drugs. I read a study by one of the universities in the U.K., tested all these seasick medications and inadvertently discovered that the most effective one was one earplug in one ear. It doesn’t matter which ear. Just one ear plug. I’ve seen it work. It worked on my wife. My wife — if she looks at water she gets seasick — went out a friend’s yacht and she didn’t get seasick at all. And on our way down here I was telling the crew members and several of them that are prone to seasickness tried it and it was effective. That’s from somebody with 20 years of sea service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Marissa Ortega-Welch looked into the “earplug” strategy and found some \u003ca title=\"JTM - post\" href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1708-8305.1995.tb00649.x/pdf\">references to it\u003c/a>. Contrary to Walker’s method, some sources specify which ear (left ear if you’re right-handed and vice versa). While there appears to be no established scientific rationale for it, many say it works. We’ll be conducting “field tests” of our own.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why Are Acorn Woodpeckers Appearing in Berkeley's Lowlands?",
"title": "Why Are Acorn Woodpeckers Appearing in Berkeley's Lowlands?",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>They are the clowns of the oak savannah — Acorn Woodpeckers — with their harlequin faces, gregarious habits, and off-kilter laughing calls that inspired Woody Woodpecker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the Bay Area, Acorn Woodpecker colonies are fairly common in the East Bay hills and the western slopes of Mount Diablo, particularly where there are concentrations of valley oaks. South of Livermore, they can be locally abundant in the Diablo range. They are rare in Tilden and Redwood Regional Parks, however, and practically unheard of west of the Hayward Fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what’s up with the recent spate of Acorn Woodpecker sightings in urban San Francisco and the East Bay lowlands?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10346845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood2-720x599.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood2-720x599.jpg\" alt=\"Acorn Woodpeckers storing acorns. (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"720\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10346845\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood2-720x599.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood2-720x599-400x332.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Acorn Woodpeckers storing acorns. (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beginning around Sept. 1, Acorn Woodpecker reports started rolling in from multiple East Bay sites from Oakland to Richmond. In Berkeley, they have been reported near McKinley and Bancroft streets, at the UC Botanical Gardens, in Claremont Canyon, and behind the Seabreeze restaurant near the Berkeley Waterfront. They’ve also been sighted across the Bay in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This irruption – the term for a sudden upsurge in a bird population — is particularly noteworthy because Acorn Woodpeckers are not migratory. What’s driving it? The most likely answer is acorn crop failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>True to their name, Acorn Woodpeckers are acorn specialists. They develop communal granaries that may consist of tens of thousands of holes drilled in tree trunks and limbs, each stuffed with an acorn. Only about half their diet actually consists of acorns — the other half is made up of fruit, insects, and other vegetable matter — but the acorn granaries are the staple food source that gets them through lean times. According to \u003ca href=\"http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/194/articles/introduction\" target=\"_blank\">Birds of North America\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[i]n areas where there are large seasonal fluctuations in insects and other foods, year-round residency is dependent on the birds’ ability to store sufficient acorn mast to provide food throughout the winter. Groups that exhaust their stores often abandon their territories and wander off in search of alternative food.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>This year appears to be one of those years. According to the Oct. 2014 edition of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbb.cornell.edu/wkoenig/CAR_2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">California Acorn Report\u003c/a>, this is a medium-to-poor acorn year. Results are particularly poor for live oaks: it is either the worst or next-to-worst year ever for coast live oaks, canyon live oaks, and interior live oaks. Blue oaks are generally fair to poor and it’s a fairly poor year for tanoaks. The valley oak crop is reasonably good but, overall, acorn production is the worst it has been since 2003, and less than half the crop production of 2012 and 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10346846\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood3-720x583.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood3-720x583.jpg\" alt=\"Acorn Woodpecker carrying an acorn . (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"720\" height=\"583\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10346846\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood3-720x583.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood3-720x583-400x323.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Acorn Woodpecker carrying an acorn . (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So what does the future hold for our clown-faced friends? Is crop failure due to drought or just cyclical variation in acorn production? University of California’s \u003ca href=\"http://ucanr.edu/sites/oak_range/Oak_Articles_On_Line/Oak_Woodland_Ecology_and_Monitoring/Acorn_Production_by_California_Oaks/\" target=\"_blank\">Oak Woodland Conservation Work Group\u003c/a> sheds some light on the drivers of crop size:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>For valley and blue oaks, the most important single factor is weather in April, the peak month for pollination, with crops being heavier in years when mean April temperatures are warmer. … For coast and canyon live oaks, mean acorn production is positively correlated with rainfall occurring one and (for canyon live oak) two years earlier. … Interestingly, winter rainfall in the same year as acorn production-the factor most commonly thought to determine crop size-does not correlate positively with mean annual crop size of any of the species we studied.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So it’s quite possible this year’s poor crop is attributable to the rain we didn’t get a couple years ago. In that case, it may be a while before acorn crops return to their 2012-2013 levels. In the meantime, here’s hoping our feathered friends find some good food sources in their new urban digs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10346848\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood4-720x480.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood4-720x480.jpg\" alt=\"An Acorn Woodpecker. (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10346848\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood4-720x480.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood4-720x480-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Acorn Woodpecker. (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bruce Mast writes the monthly \u003ca href=\"http://goldengateaudubon.org/birding-resources/observations/\" target=\"_blank\">Observations column \u003c/a>on rare and unusual bird sightings that appears on Golden Gate Audubon Society’s website. You can email him at observe@goldengateaudubon.org. This post originally appeared in \u003ca href=\"http://goldengateaudubon.org/blog/\" target=\"_blank\">Golden Gate Birder\u003c/a>, the Golden Gate Audubon blog.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "These gregarious birds are usually unheard of west of the Hayward fault. So what's going on?",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/11/03/why-acorn-woodpeckers-are-appearing-in-berkeley/\">Bruce Mast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />Berkeleyside",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>They are the clowns of the oak savannah — Acorn Woodpeckers — with their harlequin faces, gregarious habits, and off-kilter laughing calls that inspired Woody Woodpecker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the Bay Area, Acorn Woodpecker colonies are fairly common in the East Bay hills and the western slopes of Mount Diablo, particularly where there are concentrations of valley oaks. South of Livermore, they can be locally abundant in the Diablo range. They are rare in Tilden and Redwood Regional Parks, however, and practically unheard of west of the Hayward Fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what’s up with the recent spate of Acorn Woodpecker sightings in urban San Francisco and the East Bay lowlands?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10346845\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood2-720x599.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood2-720x599.jpg\" alt=\"Acorn Woodpeckers storing acorns. (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"720\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10346845\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood2-720x599.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood2-720x599-400x332.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Acorn Woodpeckers storing acorns. (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beginning around Sept. 1, Acorn Woodpecker reports started rolling in from multiple East Bay sites from Oakland to Richmond. In Berkeley, they have been reported near McKinley and Bancroft streets, at the UC Botanical Gardens, in Claremont Canyon, and behind the Seabreeze restaurant near the Berkeley Waterfront. They’ve also been sighted across the Bay in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This irruption – the term for a sudden upsurge in a bird population — is particularly noteworthy because Acorn Woodpeckers are not migratory. What’s driving it? The most likely answer is acorn crop failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>True to their name, Acorn Woodpeckers are acorn specialists. They develop communal granaries that may consist of tens of thousands of holes drilled in tree trunks and limbs, each stuffed with an acorn. Only about half their diet actually consists of acorns — the other half is made up of fruit, insects, and other vegetable matter — but the acorn granaries are the staple food source that gets them through lean times. According to \u003ca href=\"http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/194/articles/introduction\" target=\"_blank\">Birds of North America\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>[i]n areas where there are large seasonal fluctuations in insects and other foods, year-round residency is dependent on the birds’ ability to store sufficient acorn mast to provide food throughout the winter. Groups that exhaust their stores often abandon their territories and wander off in search of alternative food.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>This year appears to be one of those years. According to the Oct. 2014 edition of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbb.cornell.edu/wkoenig/CAR_2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">California Acorn Report\u003c/a>, this is a medium-to-poor acorn year. Results are particularly poor for live oaks: it is either the worst or next-to-worst year ever for coast live oaks, canyon live oaks, and interior live oaks. Blue oaks are generally fair to poor and it’s a fairly poor year for tanoaks. The valley oak crop is reasonably good but, overall, acorn production is the worst it has been since 2003, and less than half the crop production of 2012 and 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10346846\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood3-720x583.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood3-720x583.jpg\" alt=\"Acorn Woodpecker carrying an acorn . (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"720\" height=\"583\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10346846\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood3-720x583.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood3-720x583-400x323.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Acorn Woodpecker carrying an acorn . (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So what does the future hold for our clown-faced friends? Is crop failure due to drought or just cyclical variation in acorn production? University of California’s \u003ca href=\"http://ucanr.edu/sites/oak_range/Oak_Articles_On_Line/Oak_Woodland_Ecology_and_Monitoring/Acorn_Production_by_California_Oaks/\" target=\"_blank\">Oak Woodland Conservation Work Group\u003c/a> sheds some light on the drivers of crop size:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>For valley and blue oaks, the most important single factor is weather in April, the peak month for pollination, with crops being heavier in years when mean April temperatures are warmer. … For coast and canyon live oaks, mean acorn production is positively correlated with rainfall occurring one and (for canyon live oak) two years earlier. … Interestingly, winter rainfall in the same year as acorn production-the factor most commonly thought to determine crop size-does not correlate positively with mean annual crop size of any of the species we studied.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So it’s quite possible this year’s poor crop is attributable to the rain we didn’t get a couple years ago. In that case, it may be a while before acorn crops return to their 2012-2013 levels. In the meantime, here’s hoping our feathered friends find some good food sources in their new urban digs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10346848\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood4-720x480.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood4-720x480.jpg\" alt=\"An Acorn Woodpecker. (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10346848\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood4-720x480.jpg 720w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/acornwood-larryhollowood4-720x480-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Acorn Woodpecker. (Larry and Dena Hollowood/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bruce Mast writes the monthly \u003ca href=\"http://goldengateaudubon.org/birding-resources/observations/\" target=\"_blank\">Observations column \u003c/a>on rare and unusual bird sightings that appears on Golden Gate Audubon Society’s website. You can email him at observe@goldengateaudubon.org. This post originally appeared in \u003ca href=\"http://goldengateaudubon.org/blog/\" target=\"_blank\">Golden Gate Birder\u003c/a>, the Golden Gate Audubon blog.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "The Chinook Salmon's Journey: Spawning at Feather River Hatchery [Video]",
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"content": "\u003cp>https://vimeo.com/110311107\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where do \u003ca href=\"http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/on-californias-coast-farewell-to-the-king-salmon-11992359/?no-ist\" target=\"_blank\">California's chinook salmon\u003c/a> come from? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've all heard the story about the salmon's migration -- how young fish just a few inches long travel from the streams and rivers where they were born out through the Delta, San Francisco Bay and the Golden Gate. And we know how, usually after a few years of voracious feeding out there in the Pacific Ocean, the big strapping salmon -- the \u003ca href=\"https://www.landbigfish.com/staterecords/fishrecords.cfm?ID=99\" target=\"_blank\">largest chinook ever caught in California\u003c/a> was 88 pounds and about four feet long -- return to their natal streams. There, they spawn in cold water and clean gravel. Then they die, but the age-old cycle is renewed. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That story is true -- but there's something more to it. Chinook salmon have faced a host of challenges as California has become the most populous state in the nation and developed the country's biggest agricultural industry. Since both cities and farms need water, and plenty of it, virtually all of the great rivers that have been home to salmon have been dammed and developed. Salmon on the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers and their tributaries have long since been blocked from most of their spawning habitat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And because of that, hatcheries play an essential part in the chinook salmon's story. That's a chapter that not too many people get to see, but it's on display each fall in hatcheries up and down the Sacramento Valley. One of those facilities, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife's \u003ca href=\"https://www.dfg.ca.gov/fish/Hatcheries/Feather/VisitorInfo.asp\" target=\"_blank\">Feather River Fish Hatchery\u003c/a>, is the destination of tens of thousands of homeward-migrating chinook every fall. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arriving fish are blocked from moving upstream by an artificial waterfall, so, following their instinct to keep heading upriver, they enter a long fish ladder that leads to the hatchery building. There, workers in a kind of disassembly line take over the job -- spawning -- that the fish would normally take care of themselves. Fish are anesthetized with carbon dioxide, then killed and processed. Workers harvest eggs from female salmon, about 2,000 per fish on average, and then fertilize them with milt collected from males. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's federal and state hatcheries produce about 30 million salmon each year -- a process that's crucial to continuing the state's commercial and recreational fishing industry, since only a handful of wild-run salmon survive. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not overstating it to say that if we did not have the hatcheries, there wouldn’t be any salmon in the river. I mean there just wouldn’t,” says Andrew Hughan, a Department of Fish and Wildlife public information officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fish that make it back to the Feather River hatchery and similar facilities have survived against long odds. Typically, about 99 percent of the juvenile salmon die. The young fish are not great swimmers, so many become meals for predators. In California, the trip through the Delta claims many seaward migrants who take wrong turns in the maze of waterways and become \"entrained\" by the big pumps shipping water to the San Joaquin Valley and Southern California. Many fish die at sea; many are caught; many more die during the upstream migration. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But from the 1 percent that do return, much can be learned. Many hatchery salmon, including those spawned at Oroville, carry data chips inserted in their head before they're released in the spring. Chips collected from returning salmon can yield valuable information such as a fish's age and where it traveled during its ocean migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gathering this data, Hughan says, is integral to the preservation of the California chinook salmon. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Where do \u003ca href=\"http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/on-californias-coast-farewell-to-the-king-salmon-11992359/?no-ist\" target=\"_blank\">California's chinook salmon\u003c/a> come from? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've all heard the story about the salmon's migration -- how young fish just a few inches long travel from the streams and rivers where they were born out through the Delta, San Francisco Bay and the Golden Gate. And we know how, usually after a few years of voracious feeding out there in the Pacific Ocean, the big strapping salmon -- the \u003ca href=\"https://www.landbigfish.com/staterecords/fishrecords.cfm?ID=99\" target=\"_blank\">largest chinook ever caught in California\u003c/a> was 88 pounds and about four feet long -- return to their natal streams. There, they spawn in cold water and clean gravel. Then they die, but the age-old cycle is renewed. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That story is true -- but there's something more to it. Chinook salmon have faced a host of challenges as California has become the most populous state in the nation and developed the country's biggest agricultural industry. Since both cities and farms need water, and plenty of it, virtually all of the great rivers that have been home to salmon have been dammed and developed. Salmon on the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers and their tributaries have long since been blocked from most of their spawning habitat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And because of that, hatcheries play an essential part in the chinook salmon's story. That's a chapter that not too many people get to see, but it's on display each fall in hatcheries up and down the Sacramento Valley. One of those facilities, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife's \u003ca href=\"https://www.dfg.ca.gov/fish/Hatcheries/Feather/VisitorInfo.asp\" target=\"_blank\">Feather River Fish Hatchery\u003c/a>, is the destination of tens of thousands of homeward-migrating chinook every fall. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arriving fish are blocked from moving upstream by an artificial waterfall, so, following their instinct to keep heading upriver, they enter a long fish ladder that leads to the hatchery building. There, workers in a kind of disassembly line take over the job -- spawning -- that the fish would normally take care of themselves. Fish are anesthetized with carbon dioxide, then killed and processed. Workers harvest eggs from female salmon, about 2,000 per fish on average, and then fertilize them with milt collected from males. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's federal and state hatcheries produce about 30 million salmon each year -- a process that's crucial to continuing the state's commercial and recreational fishing industry, since only a handful of wild-run salmon survive. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not overstating it to say that if we did not have the hatcheries, there wouldn’t be any salmon in the river. I mean there just wouldn’t,” says Andrew Hughan, a Department of Fish and Wildlife public information officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fish that make it back to the Feather River hatchery and similar facilities have survived against long odds. Typically, about 99 percent of the juvenile salmon die. The young fish are not great swimmers, so many become meals for predators. In California, the trip through the Delta claims many seaward migrants who take wrong turns in the maze of waterways and become \"entrained\" by the big pumps shipping water to the San Joaquin Valley and Southern California. Many fish die at sea; many are caught; many more die during the upstream migration. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But from the 1 percent that do return, much can be learned. Many hatchery salmon, including those spawned at Oroville, carry data chips inserted in their head before they're released in the spring. Chips collected from returning salmon can yield valuable information such as a fish's age and where it traveled during its ocean migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gathering this data, Hughan says, is integral to the preservation of the California chinook salmon. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Humboldt County to Vote on Banning GMO Production",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the produce aisle of Eureka Natural Foods, every mushroom, zucchini and head of cabbage is organic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Organic, organic, organic,” says Bill Schaser, a retired teacher and loyal customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says local stores like this, and the local farmers that supply them, want to protect their organic brand. And they want to take advantage of new marketing opportunities that come with being GMO-free. That’s why they’re backing \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/Humboldt_County_%22Genetic_Contamination_Prevention_Ordinance%22_GMO_Ban_Initiative,_Measure_P_(November_2014)\" target=\"_blank\">Measure P,\u003c/a> a local measure that would prohibit growing genetically modified crops in Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/175142214\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a growing economy. And we think we should go with it and get behind that movement as much as possible,” says Schaser, spokesman for the Yes on Measure P campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, statewide \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201209271000\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 37\u003c/a> would have required labeling of foods containing genetically modified organisms – but it failed by a slim margin. That measure had wide support in Humboldt County, though, and on Nov. 4 residents will vote on whether to ban the production of GMO crops in their region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A scientific debate over the \u003ca href=\"http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-truth-about-genetically-modified-food/\" target=\"_blank\">safety of GMOs\u003c/a> hasn’t really come up here. Disputes have centered on farmers’ rights. Organic farmers are concerned about cross-pollination from neighboring farms that grow genetically modified crops. They want to prevent contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone within 2 miles of me plants a GMO variety of apples, the way the bees fly, it’s beyond my control. It’d get GMO pollen in my apple flowers,” says Clif Clendenen, owner of Clendenen's Cider Works, an organic apple farm in Fortuna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Secondarily, many of my customers don’t want GMOs in their food,” he adds. “So there’s a marketing reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10346339\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10346339\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Yes on P posters hang outside stores and homes throughout Humboldt County. (April Dembosky/KQED)\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yes on P posters hang outside stores and homes throughout Humboldt County. (April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bordering counties Mendocino and Trinity are already GMO-free. Supporters of Measure P say adding Humboldt could create an economic corridor that can be used to market products from the region to the Bay Area and other parts of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re looking from an economic perspective, we can compete with the inland valley,” says Schaser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yes on P campaign raised just $40,000, enough to make a radio ad and a bunch of posters. Schaser says they were expecting to get crushed by a No campaign sponsored by GMO seed companies like Monsanto and Syngenta. But those corporations ignored Measure P and instead invested in blocking statewide GMO labeling propositions in Colorado and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though there’s no official campaign against Measure P, there are still farmers that plan to vote no, even organic farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a tool they’re taking out of our toolbox that we can’t use anymore,” says John Vovoda, a dairy farmer in Ferndale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His farm is organic now -- he ships 6,000 gallons of organic milk every day that shows up on store shelves throughout California. But his operation used to be conventional. He used to grow acres of GMO corn to feed his cows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The point is, if my children want to go back to conventional, now they won’t be able to do it,” he says, nodding toward his son, Robert, who lives and works with him on the dairy farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re a small family farm, you want to spend more of your time with your animals,” says Robert, as a herd of cows grazes in the pasture behind him. “Now we spend more of our time making sure we’re in the office, doing paperwork to make sure we’re in compliance with all the regulations. Measure P is just another regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The senior Vovoda says, when it comes down to it, it’s just not right telling farmers what they can and can’t plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to stand here and look at my neighbors that are conventional and say, ‘Hey, it’s illegal, and I’m going to turn you in for what you’re doing,' ” Vovoda says.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the produce aisle of Eureka Natural Foods, every mushroom, zucchini and head of cabbage is organic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Organic, organic, organic,” says Bill Schaser, a retired teacher and loyal customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says local stores like this, and the local farmers that supply them, want to protect their organic brand. And they want to take advantage of new marketing opportunities that come with being GMO-free. That’s why they’re backing \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/Humboldt_County_%22Genetic_Contamination_Prevention_Ordinance%22_GMO_Ban_Initiative,_Measure_P_(November_2014)\" target=\"_blank\">Measure P,\u003c/a> a local measure that would prohibit growing genetically modified crops in Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/175142214&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/175142214'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a growing economy. And we think we should go with it and get behind that movement as much as possible,” says Schaser, spokesman for the Yes on Measure P campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, statewide \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201209271000\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 37\u003c/a> would have required labeling of foods containing genetically modified organisms – but it failed by a slim margin. That measure had wide support in Humboldt County, though, and on Nov. 4 residents will vote on whether to ban the production of GMO crops in their region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A scientific debate over the \u003ca href=\"http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-truth-about-genetically-modified-food/\" target=\"_blank\">safety of GMOs\u003c/a> hasn’t really come up here. Disputes have centered on farmers’ rights. Organic farmers are concerned about cross-pollination from neighboring farms that grow genetically modified crops. They want to prevent contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone within 2 miles of me plants a GMO variety of apples, the way the bees fly, it’s beyond my control. It’d get GMO pollen in my apple flowers,” says Clif Clendenen, owner of Clendenen's Cider Works, an organic apple farm in Fortuna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Secondarily, many of my customers don’t want GMOs in their food,” he adds. “So there’s a marketing reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10346339\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10346339\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Yes on P posters hang outside stores and homes throughout Humboldt County. (April Dembosky/KQED)\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/11/yesonp.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yes on P posters hang outside stores and homes throughout Humboldt County. (April Dembosky/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bordering counties Mendocino and Trinity are already GMO-free. Supporters of Measure P say adding Humboldt could create an economic corridor that can be used to market products from the region to the Bay Area and other parts of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re looking from an economic perspective, we can compete with the inland valley,” says Schaser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yes on P campaign raised just $40,000, enough to make a radio ad and a bunch of posters. Schaser says they were expecting to get crushed by a No campaign sponsored by GMO seed companies like Monsanto and Syngenta. But those corporations ignored Measure P and instead invested in blocking statewide GMO labeling propositions in Colorado and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though there’s no official campaign against Measure P, there are still farmers that plan to vote no, even organic farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a tool they’re taking out of our toolbox that we can’t use anymore,” says John Vovoda, a dairy farmer in Ferndale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His farm is organic now -- he ships 6,000 gallons of organic milk every day that shows up on store shelves throughout California. But his operation used to be conventional. He used to grow acres of GMO corn to feed his cows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The point is, if my children want to go back to conventional, now they won’t be able to do it,” he says, nodding toward his son, Robert, who lives and works with him on the dairy farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re a small family farm, you want to spend more of your time with your animals,” says Robert, as a herd of cows grazes in the pasture behind him. “Now we spend more of our time making sure we’re in the office, doing paperwork to make sure we’re in compliance with all the regulations. Measure P is just another regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The senior Vovoda says, when it comes down to it, it’s just not right telling farmers what they can and can’t plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to stand here and look at my neighbors that are conventional and say, ‘Hey, it’s illegal, and I’m going to turn you in for what you’re doing,' ” Vovoda says.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Activists Push for Public Review of Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant",
"headTitle": "Activists Push for Public Review of Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23078\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 850px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/826scr_5fa7533564080f8.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23078\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/826scr_5fa7533564080f8.jpg\" alt=\"Activists are concerned that Diablo Canyon can't withstand a major earthquake. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Activists question whether Diablo Canyon can withstand a major earthquake. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An environmental group is pushing for a public review of the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant’s license, amid concerns about the seismic safety of the Central Coast plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The environmental group Friends of the Earth has file a \u003ca href=\"http://libcloud.s3.amazonaws.com/93/f4/7/4937/14-10-28_FoE_Petition_FSAR.pdf\">petition for review\u003c/a> in the U.S. Court of Appeals. It’s the latest move in the group’s longstanding campaign to shut down California’s only remaining nuclear plant, which supplies about nine percent of the state’s electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent discoveries of geologic faults near the San Luis Obispo County facility should trigger a public re-assessment of the plant’s safety, said Friends of the Earth spokesman Damon Moglan. Instead, he said, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and PG&E changed how earthquake risk is assessed in the plant’s license, without public input. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There really has to be a full public review of whether or not this plant is safe,” he said. “And whether or not it’s worth the risk of operating a decrepit 40-year-old plant designed in the 1960s in the most seismically active area of any reactor in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its petition, Friends of the Earth said the Nuclear Regulatory Commission violated federal law and its own internal policies by making the change to Diablo Canyon’s license without public review. The group said the plant should be shut down until a full review is complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new fault was discovered near the plant in 2008. Earlier this year, PG&E completed \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/systemworks/dcpp/seismicsafety/report.page\">its own study\u003c/a>, finding that even with that additional nearby fault, the seismic risk to the plant is below what the plant was built to withstand. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The facts are: the plant was built with earthquake safety at the forefront,” Blair Jones, a spokesman for PG&E told KQED. “It’s a seismically safe facility. And it’s in full compliance with NRC licensing requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A former inspector at Diablo Canyon released his own \u003ca href=\"http://libcloud.s3.amazonaws.com/93/5a/8/4821/Diablo_Canyon_Seismic_DPO.pdf/\">analysis\u003c/a>, saying the NRC was not applying its own safety rules to the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the NRC says the agency will review the petition.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23078\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 850px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/826scr_5fa7533564080f8.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-23078\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/826scr_5fa7533564080f8.jpg\" alt=\"Activists are concerned that Diablo Canyon can't withstand a major earthquake. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Activists question whether Diablo Canyon can withstand a major earthquake. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An environmental group is pushing for a public review of the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant’s license, amid concerns about the seismic safety of the Central Coast plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The environmental group Friends of the Earth has file a \u003ca href=\"http://libcloud.s3.amazonaws.com/93/f4/7/4937/14-10-28_FoE_Petition_FSAR.pdf\">petition for review\u003c/a> in the U.S. Court of Appeals. It’s the latest move in the group’s longstanding campaign to shut down California’s only remaining nuclear plant, which supplies about nine percent of the state’s electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recent discoveries of geologic faults near the San Luis Obispo County facility should trigger a public re-assessment of the plant’s safety, said Friends of the Earth spokesman Damon Moglan. Instead, he said, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and PG&E changed how earthquake risk is assessed in the plant’s license, without public input. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There really has to be a full public review of whether or not this plant is safe,” he said. “And whether or not it’s worth the risk of operating a decrepit 40-year-old plant designed in the 1960s in the most seismically active area of any reactor in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its petition, Friends of the Earth said the Nuclear Regulatory Commission violated federal law and its own internal policies by making the change to Diablo Canyon’s license without public review. The group said the plant should be shut down until a full review is complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new fault was discovered near the plant in 2008. Earlier this year, PG&E completed \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/systemworks/dcpp/seismicsafety/report.page\">its own study\u003c/a>, finding that even with that additional nearby fault, the seismic risk to the plant is below what the plant was built to withstand. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The facts are: the plant was built with earthquake safety at the forefront,” Blair Jones, a spokesman for PG&E told KQED. “It’s a seismically safe facility. And it’s in full compliance with NRC licensing requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A former inspector at Diablo Canyon released his own \u003ca href=\"http://libcloud.s3.amazonaws.com/93/5a/8/4821/Diablo_Canyon_Seismic_DPO.pdf/\">analysis\u003c/a>, saying the NRC was not applying its own safety rules to the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the NRC says the agency will review the petition.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "As More Crude Oil Rolls In, a Push for Better Track Inspection",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Mina Kim and Molly Samuel\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6942\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/train.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/train.jpg\" alt=\"Union Pacific owns the tracks that would deliver crude oil to the Valero refinery in Benicia. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6942\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Union Pacific owns the tracks that would deliver crude oil to the Valero refinery in Benicia. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shipments of crude oil by rail are \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/08/28/oil-transport-by-train-continues-to-climb/\">expected to increase\u003c/a> in the Bay Area and the rest of the state in the near future. BNSF Railways is already transporting crude oil into Richmond, including the kind of oil that exploded from a derailment and killed 47 people in a Quebec town last year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to concerns about the risks of crude by rail, the state’s other large rail company, Union Pacific, began to boost its rail inspection program by dispatching vehicles with lasers that can find tiny track imperfections, as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/transportation/article3076881.htmlhttp://www.sacbee.com/news/local/transportation/article3076881.html\">\u003cem>Sacramento Bee\u003c/em> reports\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\nThe new cars will patrol the main mountain routes into the state, Union Pacific officials said. Northern California sites will include Donner Pass, the Feather River Canyon and grades outside Dunsmuir. The state has designated all those areas high hazards for derailments.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Bee’s Tony Bizjack spoke with Mina Kim about the program, which began last month. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/173089406&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bizjack explained that Union Pacific is particularly worried about California’s mountain passes because they’re considered more high-hazard areas, “often because they’re curving, they’re on slopes, and they have to deal with more extreme weather,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”WIhJP6RIWboEN1nBaj7bwKRNUAAOPJ3p”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bizjak rode on one of the track inspection vehicles. He said they’re equipped with ultrasound to look into the rails to find weaknesses and lasers to measure variations in rail height and alignment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last five years, Union Pacific has had about 180 derailments in California, Bizjack said. “Derailments are surprisingly frequent, but generally very minor,” he said. “Most of those derailments, however, the train cars ended up standing up, not falling over.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half of all derailments are caused by track problems, said Bizjack. Others are caused by human and equipments errors. “So tracks are important, that’s sort of the front-line of defense — \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/PUC/safety/rail/\">PUC\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.fra.dot.gov/Page/P0001\">FRA\u003c/a> think — in reducing the chance these new crude oil shipments can derail, explode.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union Pacific is not yet bringing volatile Bakken crude to California. But there are plans in the works for Union Pacific to bring crude oil both to and through the Bay Area, Bizjak explains. A project at the Valero refinery in Benicia would bring two 50-car trains a day through Sacramento and along the I-80 corridor. Another proposal in Santa Maria, by Phillips 66, would bring trains through Sacramento, the East Bay, San Jose and down the coast. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you ask anybody in the Office of Emergency Services here in California, or first responders, fire departments, there is a real level of concern about the safety with more crude oil coming in,” Bizjak said. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Mina Kim and Molly Samuel\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_6942\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/train.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/08/train.jpg\" alt=\"Union Pacific owns the tracks that would deliver crude oil to the Valero refinery in Benicia. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6942\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Union Pacific owns the tracks that would deliver crude oil to the Valero refinery in Benicia. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shipments of crude oil by rail are \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/08/28/oil-transport-by-train-continues-to-climb/\">expected to increase\u003c/a> in the Bay Area and the rest of the state in the near future. BNSF Railways is already transporting crude oil into Richmond, including the kind of oil that exploded from a derailment and killed 47 people in a Quebec town last year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to concerns about the risks of crude by rail, the state’s other large rail company, Union Pacific, began to boost its rail inspection program by dispatching vehicles with lasers that can find tiny track imperfections, as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/transportation/article3076881.htmlhttp://www.sacbee.com/news/local/transportation/article3076881.html\">\u003cem>Sacramento Bee\u003c/em> reports\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\nThe new cars will patrol the main mountain routes into the state, Union Pacific officials said. Northern California sites will include Donner Pass, the Feather River Canyon and grades outside Dunsmuir. The state has designated all those areas high hazards for derailments.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Bee’s Tony Bizjack spoke with Mina Kim about the program, which began last month. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/173089406&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bizjack explained that Union Pacific is particularly worried about California’s mountain passes because they’re considered more high-hazard areas, “often because they’re curving, they’re on slopes, and they have to deal with more extreme weather,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bizjak rode on one of the track inspection vehicles. He said they’re equipped with ultrasound to look into the rails to find weaknesses and lasers to measure variations in rail height and alignment. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last five years, Union Pacific has had about 180 derailments in California, Bizjack said. “Derailments are surprisingly frequent, but generally very minor,” he said. “Most of those derailments, however, the train cars ended up standing up, not falling over.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half of all derailments are caused by track problems, said Bizjack. Others are caused by human and equipments errors. “So tracks are important, that’s sort of the front-line of defense — \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/PUC/safety/rail/\">PUC\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.fra.dot.gov/Page/P0001\">FRA\u003c/a> think — in reducing the chance these new crude oil shipments can derail, explode.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union Pacific is not yet bringing volatile Bakken crude to California. But there are plans in the works for Union Pacific to bring crude oil both to and through the Bay Area, Bizjak explains. A project at the Valero refinery in Benicia would bring two 50-car trains a day through Sacramento and along the I-80 corridor. Another proposal in Santa Maria, by Phillips 66, would bring trains through Sacramento, the East Bay, San Jose and down the coast. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you ask anybody in the Office of Emergency Services here in California, or first responders, fire departments, there is a real level of concern about the safety with more crude oil coming in,” Bizjak said. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Listen Closely As This California Forest Falls Eerily Quiet Over 10 Years",
"title": "Listen Closely As This California Forest Falls Eerily Quiet Over 10 Years",
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"content": "\u003cp>Does the sound of the forest change over time?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BernieKrause\" target=\"_blank\">Bernie Krause\u003c/a> knows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expert bio-acoustician has spent decades recording natural sounds all over the world, including one particular \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/maps/place/38%C2%B026'20.1%22N+122%C2%B029'56.0%22W/@38.438903,-122.498889,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x0?hl=en\" target=\"_blank\">section of forest\u003c/a> between Napa and Sonoma valleys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a ten year stretch, from 2004 to 2014, he's noticed a major change in the \u003cem>biophony\u003c/em> of the section of forest where he records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen in to hear the startling changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/172636623\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It should be noted that Krause uses high-end recording gear when capturing these sounds at Sugarloaf Ridge State Park. And he follows strict standards, like taking the recordings at the same time of day and using the same settings, so audio tracks can be compared from year to year with credibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Spring at that spot is occurring two weeks earlier than when I started in the mid-90s,\" Krause said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warns that it's too early to draw major conclusions from his recordings, but one theory is that climate change is impacting bird migration patterns through this section of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The biophony is a strong indicator of habitat viability. Think of it as the voice of the natural world,\" he says. \"Right now at that particular spot, the narrative expressed through that voice is not robust.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that definitely stands out in these records is the impact of the current drought. In 2004, and 2009, the water of the nearby stream is loud and sounds as if it is moving swiftly. Yet in 2014, the water can barely be heard at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krause intends to continue his annual recordings in Sugarloaf Ridge State Park for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the individual tracks by year, so you can listen again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/playlists/55484522\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"325\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Learn more about \u003ca href=\"http://www.wildsanctuary.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Bernie Krause and Wild Sanctuary.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED Science Editor Craig Miller contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/172636623&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/172636623'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It should be noted that Krause uses high-end recording gear when capturing these sounds at Sugarloaf Ridge State Park. And he follows strict standards, like taking the recordings at the same time of day and using the same settings, so audio tracks can be compared from year to year with credibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Spring at that spot is occurring two weeks earlier than when I started in the mid-90s,\" Krause said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warns that it's too early to draw major conclusions from his recordings, but one theory is that climate change is impacting bird migration patterns through this section of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The biophony is a strong indicator of habitat viability. Think of it as the voice of the natural world,\" he says. \"Right now at that particular spot, the narrative expressed through that voice is not robust.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that definitely stands out in these records is the impact of the current drought. In 2004, and 2009, the water of the nearby stream is loud and sounds as if it is moving swiftly. Yet in 2014, the water can barely be heard at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krause intends to continue his annual recordings in Sugarloaf Ridge State Park for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the individual tracks by year, so you can listen again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='325'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/playlists/55484522&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/playlists/55484522'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Learn more about \u003ca href=\"http://www.wildsanctuary.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Bernie Krause and Wild Sanctuary.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED Science Editor Craig Miller contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Richmond 'Pocket Park' Gets an Upgrade With Neighborhood Buy-in",
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"content": "\u003cp>There’s a new scene at Richmond’s \u003ca href=\"http://pogopark.org/2013/07/21/elm-park-scale-model/\">Elm Playlot\u003c/a>, a half-acre renovated “pocket park” in the heart of the Iron Triangle, one of the city’s toughest neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the park’s fence, kids are everywhere. Toddlers ride tricycles along brightly painted paths. Older kids patiently wait for a spin on the popular zip line. And teens gather in the center for a quick game of dodge ball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a far cry from what the park used to look like just two years ago. The playground was littered with empty liquor bottles, gun shell casing and an occasional needle. Parents didn’t take their kids there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nobody used to come in here and now people are here to take care of us,” says 10-year-old Jose Anaya while taking a break from running around the playground. “[Now] it makes me feel safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His sister Dulce chimes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first time I walked by it, it was so amazing I couldn’t help myself,” she says. “The next day I came and seen all the exciting things that was here at Pogo Park. I got to meet some of my friends. I want to thank whoever made the Pogo Park and the workers who are here to help us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The siblings make a dash to the ice cream truck stopped in front of the park. They share ice cream before Dulce gives Jose a big push on the zip line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of fun,” he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park’s renovation is the brainchild of Toody Maher, a UC Berkeley alumna who previously helped launch the trendy Swatch watches on the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Richmond resident is the founder and executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://pogopark.org/\">Pogo Park\u003c/a>, the nonprofit that is renovating parks throughout Richmond. In 2007, she visited each of the city’s 56 parks, and it was the tiny “pocket parks,” like Elm Playlot, that captured her attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I first came to visit, every single house surrounding the park, but one, was boarded up,” Maher says. “You drive up and think, ‘Oh, this is a nice park.’ Then you get in and realize there is nowhere to sit, there’s no water fountains, there’s no bathroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maher used funds from her 401(K) as the initial investment. Since then, she’s managed to raise $8 million dollars from private and public sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My whole life I’ve always dreamed, if I had a million dollars and I had all the time in the world, I would go and build like great little children’s parks and playgrounds,” she says, smiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Maher knew she needed to gain the community’s trust, which was hard since the neighbors were fed up with broken promises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a neighborhood where, despite millions of dollars of investments and urban renewal projects, nothing works,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maher decided to hire workers from the community to design, build and now manage their own park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knocked on people’s doors that live around the neighborhood, and we worked for years to figure out what we wanted to build,” says Maher. “By empowering local residents to make the change themselves, it’s really been a transformative project for the whole neighborhood. It’s like a mini stimulus plan in the neighborhood because all these folks are getting jobs and training.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those employees is Karina Guadalupe. She’s worked for Pogo Park since 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before the park, people knew they had someone living next to them, but it really wasn’t a sense of community,” says Guadalupe. “Now the neighbors know each other, they look after each other’s kids and it’s a place to come meet each other and feel safe and comfortable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s not the only one who has noticed the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live here and are really invested in this,” says Doris Mason, a longtime Richmond resident who works the afternoon shift at the park. “Every day, I wake up I know I’m making a difference, so I don’t mind coming to work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says Elm Playlot has changed the whole atmosphere of the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can look around and you can see the kids, you know, they’re just happy,” Mason says. “There’s no play structure; they’re creating their own type of play.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maher is already working on renovating two other Richmond parks and has plans for many more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are thousands of inner-city parks all over the country that are just lying there — unused, dormant, uninspired — and all you have to do is transform it into a Pogo Park,” Maher says. She adds, “All I set out to do was just build a far-out, fantastic, great children’s park. It’s such a great feeling; it’s indescribable to see a dream come true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elm Playlot, Pogo Park’s first renovation, is at Eighth Street and Elm Avenue in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There’s a new scene at Richmond’s \u003ca href=\"http://pogopark.org/2013/07/21/elm-park-scale-model/\">Elm Playlot\u003c/a>, a half-acre renovated “pocket park” in the heart of the Iron Triangle, one of the city’s toughest neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the park’s fence, kids are everywhere. Toddlers ride tricycles along brightly painted paths. Older kids patiently wait for a spin on the popular zip line. And teens gather in the center for a quick game of dodge ball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a far cry from what the park used to look like just two years ago. The playground was littered with empty liquor bottles, gun shell casing and an occasional needle. Parents didn’t take their kids there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nobody used to come in here and now people are here to take care of us,” says 10-year-old Jose Anaya while taking a break from running around the playground. “[Now] it makes me feel safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His sister Dulce chimes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first time I walked by it, it was so amazing I couldn’t help myself,” she says. “The next day I came and seen all the exciting things that was here at Pogo Park. I got to meet some of my friends. I want to thank whoever made the Pogo Park and the workers who are here to help us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The siblings make a dash to the ice cream truck stopped in front of the park. They share ice cream before Dulce gives Jose a big push on the zip line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of fun,” he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park’s renovation is the brainchild of Toody Maher, a UC Berkeley alumna who previously helped launch the trendy Swatch watches on the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Richmond resident is the founder and executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://pogopark.org/\">Pogo Park\u003c/a>, the nonprofit that is renovating parks throughout Richmond. In 2007, she visited each of the city’s 56 parks, and it was the tiny “pocket parks,” like Elm Playlot, that captured her attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I first came to visit, every single house surrounding the park, but one, was boarded up,” Maher says. “You drive up and think, ‘Oh, this is a nice park.’ Then you get in and realize there is nowhere to sit, there’s no water fountains, there’s no bathroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maher used funds from her 401(K) as the initial investment. Since then, she’s managed to raise $8 million dollars from private and public sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My whole life I’ve always dreamed, if I had a million dollars and I had all the time in the world, I would go and build like great little children’s parks and playgrounds,” she says, smiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Maher knew she needed to gain the community’s trust, which was hard since the neighbors were fed up with broken promises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a neighborhood where, despite millions of dollars of investments and urban renewal projects, nothing works,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maher decided to hire workers from the community to design, build and now manage their own park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knocked on people’s doors that live around the neighborhood, and we worked for years to figure out what we wanted to build,” says Maher. “By empowering local residents to make the change themselves, it’s really been a transformative project for the whole neighborhood. It’s like a mini stimulus plan in the neighborhood because all these folks are getting jobs and training.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those employees is Karina Guadalupe. She’s worked for Pogo Park since 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before the park, people knew they had someone living next to them, but it really wasn’t a sense of community,” says Guadalupe. “Now the neighbors know each other, they look after each other’s kids and it’s a place to come meet each other and feel safe and comfortable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s not the only one who has noticed the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live here and are really invested in this,” says Doris Mason, a longtime Richmond resident who works the afternoon shift at the park. “Every day, I wake up I know I’m making a difference, so I don’t mind coming to work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says Elm Playlot has changed the whole atmosphere of the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can look around and you can see the kids, you know, they’re just happy,” Mason says. “There’s no play structure; they’re creating their own type of play.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maher is already working on renovating two other Richmond parks and has plans for many more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are thousands of inner-city parks all over the country that are just lying there — unused, dormant, uninspired — and all you have to do is transform it into a Pogo Park,” Maher says. She adds, “All I set out to do was just build a far-out, fantastic, great children’s park. It’s such a great feeling; it’s indescribable to see a dream come true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elm Playlot, Pogo Park’s first renovation, is at Eighth Street and Elm Avenue in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Anti-Fracking Activists in California Take Fight to County Ballots",
"headTitle": "Anti-Fracking Activists in California Take Fight to County Ballots | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update October 10th:\u003c/strong> Fracking bans are on the November ballots in Mendocino, San Benito and Santa Barbara Counties. Butte County voters could see a measure on the 2016 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, July 14th: \u003c/strong>Opponents of hydraulic fracturing — or fracking — have pushed for a statewide moratorium on the controversial oil production technique. With those efforts stalled in the state legislature, activists are taking the fight to the county level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copying tactics that have worked in Colorado and New York, activists have qualified November ballot measures that would ban fracking in two counties and possibly others, trying a piecemeal approach to banning fracking in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/embed/W2NeqeaSFTc\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Video reported by Gabriela Quirós and Lauren Sommer, who narrates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies use fracking to squeeze more oil out of rocks. Water mixed with sand and chemicals is injected underground at high pressure to create tiny fractures. The sand props open the cracks, so oil can flow out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”w4nKuhIm9gQiH3d9tzQJf1PP2G6IOC4d”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California legislators have debated a moratorium on fracking for the past four years, but the bills have repeatedly failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Benito County Qualifies First\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a parking lot in San Juan Bautista, an hour south of San Jose, volunteers paint signs that read, “Protect our water. Ban fracking in San Benito County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We collected enough signatures to qualify in 14 days which was maybe a state record,” says Andy Hsia-Coron of San Benito Rising, the group that’s rallying support for a fracking ban on San Benito County’s November ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”d9531efb2815df8ad2fe5db4dd70d801″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ballot measure is largely pre-emptive. While San Benito County has a handful of oil wells in production, oil companies haven’t reported using fracking there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we don’t want you to frack in San Benito County,” Hsia-Coron says. “We know this a county with a lot of oil potential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hisa-Coron says his group is collaborating with activists across the country. Cities in Colorado and New York have banned fracking over concerns about groundwater contamination and land impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bigger Fight in Santa Barbara\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see a battle for sure, but we also see a great opportunity,” says Rebecca Claassen of the Santa Barbara County Water Guardians, a volunteer group that’s put a measure on the local ballot to ban fracking on unincorporated land in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We see a battle for sure, but we also see a great opportunity.’\u003ccite>— Rebecca Claassen, Santa Barbara County Water Guardians\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Claassen says the legacy of Santa Barbara’s 1969 oil spill came up often as her group gathered 20,000 signatures for measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Home of the first major oil spill in the United States,” she says. “In ’69, there were hundreds of thousands of gallons of oil pouring into the ocean and washing up on these beaches here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also fueling support for the ban are economic concerns. “We have a lot of agriculture and tourism that both depend on clean water,” Claassen says, “and so the risks of water contamination really resonated with most everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claasen’s group is facing an uphill battle, because Santa Barbara’s oil industry is much larger than San Benito’s. When the measure came up at county supervisors meeting, industry workers turned out in force with concerns about their jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Banning More Than Fracking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s attempting to outlaw all methods of oil extraction, not only fracking, but a number of other means of well stimulating,” says Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration, a company that develops oil projects. “It is an absolute anti-hydrocarbon initiative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent morning, Nahabedian is meeting with rancher Skip Ramsey about putting an oil well on his land outside of San Ardo, an hour south of Salinas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19346\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19346\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking3.jpg\" alt=\"Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration talks with rancher Skip Ramsey about an oil project. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"371\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration (right) talks with rancher Skip Ramsey about an oil project. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The drought has hit Ramsey’s ranch hard, drying up feed for his cattle months sooner than expected. He says royalty payments from an oil well would go a long way for his family and his ranch. “To just support college educations,” he says, “and I’d like to increase my water capability to raise more feed for my cattle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahabedian says if the San Benito measure passes, it could stand in the way of deals like this one. “It’s difficult to make the same sort of offers to landowners in this area with this sort of uncertainty hanging the balance,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahabedian’s company doesn’t use fracking, but it does use another oil extraction technique that the initiatives would ban, called cyclic steam injection. Oil in California is heavy, so producers inject steam underground to loosen it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You can drill for it or you can kill for it.’\u003ccite>— Armen Nahabedian, Citadel Exploration\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> “Steam injection is an old technique,” he says. “We’ve been using it in the industry since the early 1960s. It’s not much different than cleaning a dirty engine block.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 percent of oil produced in California is extracted with steam injection and similar methods, making it more common than fracking. Nahabedian says banning steam injection would mean the state’s refineries would have to look at importing oil from outside the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I say very simply — and some people say very crudely — that you can drill for it or you can kill for it, but that’s just the truth,” he says. “I’m a veteran from Operation Iraqi Freedom, and I have a firm belief that it’s our social responsibility and our civil responsibility to become a domestic producer that’s totally independent of foreign oil supply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19348\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19348\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking1.jpg\" alt=\"About 60 percent of oil pumped in California uses steam injection or similar methods, something the ballot measures seek to ban. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About 60 percent of oil pumped in California is produced with steam injection or similar methods, which would also be banned under the ballot measures. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It would hurt oil production in our state, particularly in regions that are more economically depressed like the Central Valley,” says Sabrina Lockheart of Californians for Energy Independence, an advocacy group that’s funded in part by the oil industry and is fighting the local fracking bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California regulators \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/11/15/what-californias-new-fracking-rules-would-do-and-not-do/\">are currently drafting new regulations\u003c/a> for fracking, ones that the oil industry says are more than enough to ensure fracking is done safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re the strongest regulations in the country as it relates to fracking,” Lockheart says. “It includes conducting a science-based study, disclosure of the chemicals used, monitoring protected groundwater and prior notification of surrounding landowners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists like Andy Hsia-Coron don’t believe those regulations go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We figure that if we pass these initiatives in November,” he says, “that dozens of counties will be filing their initiatives and it can even be done a city level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Santa Cruz County supervisors voted to pass a fracking ban. Voters in San Benito and Santa Barbara counties will vote on bans in November. Activists in Butte and Mendocino counties are still working to qualify ballot measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/158339780&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Activists are hoping local residents will do what state legislators haven’t done -- shut down the controversial oil production technique known as hydraulic fracturing.\r\n",
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"description": "Activists are hoping local residents will do what state legislators haven’t done -- shut down the controversial oil production technique known as hydraulic fracturing.\r\n",
"title": "Anti-Fracking Activists in California Take Fight to County Ballots | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update October 10th:\u003c/strong> Fracking bans are on the November ballots in Mendocino, San Benito and Santa Barbara Counties. Butte County voters could see a measure on the 2016 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, July 14th: \u003c/strong>Opponents of hydraulic fracturing — or fracking — have pushed for a statewide moratorium on the controversial oil production technique. With those efforts stalled in the state legislature, activists are taking the fight to the county level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copying tactics that have worked in Colorado and New York, activists have qualified November ballot measures that would ban fracking in two counties and possibly others, trying a piecemeal approach to banning fracking in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/embed/W2NeqeaSFTc\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Video reported by Gabriela Quirós and Lauren Sommer, who narrates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies use fracking to squeeze more oil out of rocks. Water mixed with sand and chemicals is injected underground at high pressure to create tiny fractures. The sand props open the cracks, so oil can flow out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California legislators have debated a moratorium on fracking for the past four years, but the bills have repeatedly failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Benito County Qualifies First\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a parking lot in San Juan Bautista, an hour south of San Jose, volunteers paint signs that read, “Protect our water. Ban fracking in San Benito County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We collected enough signatures to qualify in 14 days which was maybe a state record,” says Andy Hsia-Coron of San Benito Rising, the group that’s rallying support for a fracking ban on San Benito County’s November ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ballot measure is largely pre-emptive. While San Benito County has a handful of oil wells in production, oil companies haven’t reported using fracking there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we don’t want you to frack in San Benito County,” Hsia-Coron says. “We know this a county with a lot of oil potential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hisa-Coron says his group is collaborating with activists across the country. Cities in Colorado and New York have banned fracking over concerns about groundwater contamination and land impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bigger Fight in Santa Barbara\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see a battle for sure, but we also see a great opportunity,” says Rebecca Claassen of the Santa Barbara County Water Guardians, a volunteer group that’s put a measure on the local ballot to ban fracking on unincorporated land in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We see a battle for sure, but we also see a great opportunity.’\u003ccite>— Rebecca Claassen, Santa Barbara County Water Guardians\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Claassen says the legacy of Santa Barbara’s 1969 oil spill came up often as her group gathered 20,000 signatures for measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Home of the first major oil spill in the United States,” she says. “In ’69, there were hundreds of thousands of gallons of oil pouring into the ocean and washing up on these beaches here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also fueling support for the ban are economic concerns. “We have a lot of agriculture and tourism that both depend on clean water,” Claassen says, “and so the risks of water contamination really resonated with most everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claasen’s group is facing an uphill battle, because Santa Barbara’s oil industry is much larger than San Benito’s. When the measure came up at county supervisors meeting, industry workers turned out in force with concerns about their jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Banning More Than Fracking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s attempting to outlaw all methods of oil extraction, not only fracking, but a number of other means of well stimulating,” says Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration, a company that develops oil projects. “It is an absolute anti-hydrocarbon initiative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent morning, Nahabedian is meeting with rancher Skip Ramsey about putting an oil well on his land outside of San Ardo, an hour south of Salinas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19346\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19346\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking3.jpg\" alt=\"Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration talks with rancher Skip Ramsey about an oil project. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"371\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration (right) talks with rancher Skip Ramsey about an oil project. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The drought has hit Ramsey’s ranch hard, drying up feed for his cattle months sooner than expected. He says royalty payments from an oil well would go a long way for his family and his ranch. “To just support college educations,” he says, “and I’d like to increase my water capability to raise more feed for my cattle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahabedian says if the San Benito measure passes, it could stand in the way of deals like this one. “It’s difficult to make the same sort of offers to landowners in this area with this sort of uncertainty hanging the balance,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahabedian’s company doesn’t use fracking, but it does use another oil extraction technique that the initiatives would ban, called cyclic steam injection. Oil in California is heavy, so producers inject steam underground to loosen it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You can drill for it or you can kill for it.’\u003ccite>— Armen Nahabedian, Citadel Exploration\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> “Steam injection is an old technique,” he says. “We’ve been using it in the industry since the early 1960s. It’s not much different than cleaning a dirty engine block.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 percent of oil produced in California is extracted with steam injection and similar methods, making it more common than fracking. Nahabedian says banning steam injection would mean the state’s refineries would have to look at importing oil from outside the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I say very simply — and some people say very crudely — that you can drill for it or you can kill for it, but that’s just the truth,” he says. “I’m a veteran from Operation Iraqi Freedom, and I have a firm belief that it’s our social responsibility and our civil responsibility to become a domestic producer that’s totally independent of foreign oil supply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19348\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19348\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking1.jpg\" alt=\"About 60 percent of oil pumped in California uses steam injection or similar methods, something the ballot measures seek to ban. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About 60 percent of oil pumped in California is produced with steam injection or similar methods, which would also be banned under the ballot measures. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It would hurt oil production in our state, particularly in regions that are more economically depressed like the Central Valley,” says Sabrina Lockheart of Californians for Energy Independence, an advocacy group that’s funded in part by the oil industry and is fighting the local fracking bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California regulators \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/11/15/what-californias-new-fracking-rules-would-do-and-not-do/\">are currently drafting new regulations\u003c/a> for fracking, ones that the oil industry says are more than enough to ensure fracking is done safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re the strongest regulations in the country as it relates to fracking,” Lockheart says. “It includes conducting a science-based study, disclosure of the chemicals used, monitoring protected groundwater and prior notification of surrounding landowners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists like Andy Hsia-Coron don’t believe those regulations go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We figure that if we pass these initiatives in November,” he says, “that dozens of counties will be filing their initiatives and it can even be done a city level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Santa Cruz County supervisors voted to pass a fracking ban. Voters in San Benito and Santa Barbara counties will vote on bans in November. Activists in Butte and Mendocino counties are still working to qualify ballot measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "With New Drilling Rules Coming, State Regulators Struggle With Enforcement",
"title": "With New Drilling Rules Coming, State Regulators Struggle With Enforcement",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/171558230\" params=\"color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false&show_user=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"20\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next year, California will implement a wide range of new regulations aimed at providing a lot more public disclosure about the hydraulic fracturing process. The new rules, set into motion by \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2013/11/15/what-californias-new-fracking-rules-would-do-and-not-do/\">2013’s Senate Bill 4\u003c/a>, will put California on par with other top drilling states when it comes to policing the fracking process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But tough rules are only half of the equation -- they don’t matter if they aren’t enforced. And the struggles state regulators have had keeping tabs on another part of the drilling process raise a lot of questions about whether California has the resources and the tools to handle a fracking boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Garbage Cans For Drilling Operations\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The method in question: deep injection wells. Drilling for oil and gas creates a lot of water waste. Fracking uses millions of gallons of salty, chemical-laced water. A lot of it comes back up with the oil and gas, and drillers have to do something with all that wastewater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They usually take that stuff and bring it to an injection well, where they shoot the waste deep underground. Injection wells are basically garbage cans for drilling operations. The federal Environmental Protection Agency says these wells are the best way to dispose of drilling waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while the fracking boom hasn’t arrived in California yet, the state already hosts thousands of these wells. That’s because the oil being drilled here is very watery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ninety-five percent of what comes out of the ground in California from hydrocarbon zones is water,” said Jason Marshall of the Department of Conservation’s Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources -- also known as DOGGR.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/fracking-california/\" target=\"_blank\">More on Fracking From KQED Science\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/fracking-california/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-10343323\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Fracking-main-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Fracking-main\" width=\"325\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Follow Fracking From Multiple Perspectives\u003c/h4>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2014/10/10/anti-fracking-activists-in-california-take-fight-to-county-ballots/\" target=\"_blank\">Anti-Fracking Activists in California Take Fight to County Ballots\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/10/10/open-arms-greet-fracking-in-kern-county/\" target=\"_blank\">Open Arms Greet Fracking in Kern County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/audio/with-drought-new-scrutiny-over-frackings-water-use/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED Science: With Drought, New Scrutiny Over Fracking’s Water Use\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277987\" target=\"_blank\">KQED Newsroom: Special Edition on Fracking\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"http://stateimpact.npr.org/oklahoma/tag/earthquakes/\">earthquakes are attributed to fracking\u003c/a>, it's really these injection wells. In places like \u003ca href=\"http://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2012/04/04/pennsylvanias-link-to-ohio-earthquakes/\">Ohio\u003c/a>, Texas, and \u003ca href=\"http://stateimpact.npr.org/oklahoma/tag/earthquakes/\">Oklahoma\u003c/a>, some of these wells have helped trigger quakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Columbia University seismologist Nicholas van der Elst said the fluid, when it gets deep underground, has likely been seeping into pre-existing fault lines, making it easier for them to shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The better analogy would be that it creates a cushion of pressurized fluid,\" he said. \"Kind of like a hovercraft or an air hockey table.\" Faults previously kept in place by pressure and friction were suddenly sliding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So is this a problem in California? Marshall said the state’s injection wells haven’t been tied to quakes. One main reason, he said, is that the bulk of them are depositing wastewater in underground spaces that had already held oil and other liquids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That doesn’t create the same dynamics we’ve seen in other parts of the nation,\" he said, \"and as a result we haven’t seen earthquakes in California from injection wells.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, Marshall said, injection wells can actually stabilize the ground, since that space oil had filled before being pumped out could otherwise start to cave in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Federal Audit’s \"Hard Findings\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But quakes or no quakes, when you’re putting wastewater deep into the earth, there are a lot of things to regulate. And California hasn’t always been doing the best job.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Our attention has really been driven squarely onto hydraulic fracturing and well stimulation.'\u003ccite>Jason Marshall, DOGGR\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Three years ago, \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dog/Documents/DOGGR%20USEPA%20consultant's%20report%20on%20CA%20underground%20injection%20program.pdf\">the federal government audited the state.\u003c/a> The EPA report included \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dog/Documents/DOGGR%20USEPA%20consultant's%20report%20on%20CA%20underground%20injection%20program.pdf\">a lot of criticism\u003c/a> -- notably the fact that the state Department of Conservation \"lack[s] sufficient manpower and other resources to implement [oversight] at a satisfactory level, especially in the largest districts.\" The audit also found some gaps in some state protection standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some hard findings in there,” Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the EPA followed up this summer and asked the state to provide an update on how it’s addressed the issues, the department’s response could be boiled down to: We’re working on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(DOGGR) has already started its ... evaluation,\" the response said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why did it take three years to begin addressing the federal concerns? Marshall said DOGGR has been focusing on preparing for new types of drilling activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, to be perfectly blunt, our attention has really been driven squarely onto hydraulic fracturing and well stimulation,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Contamination Near Injection Well Sites\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the state’s review already has some eye-opening findings. This summer, \u003ca href=\"http://www.propublica.org/article/ca-halts-injection-fracking-waste-warning-may-be-contaminating-aquifers\">the state shut down about a dozen Kern County wells\u003c/a> that may have been injecting waste into fresh water formations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re still sorting out what happened with regard to those individual wells,\" said Marshall. Like who gave approval -- or whether approval was even given -- to inject in those locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That lack of hard information worries environmental groups like Clean Water Action. Especially now that the State Water Board has located more than 100 water supply wells drilled within a mile of the injection sites that were shut down. And now tests show that a handful of those water wells may be contaminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nitrate, arsenic, and thallium exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) in four of the water supplies,\" the State Water Board told the federal government in a letter last month. “TDS [total dissolved solids -- basically the level of saltiness] exceeded the secondary MCL (SMCL) in 3 samples collected, with maximum concentrations detected at 1,800 ppm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That technical statement means the water board found toxic substances in water supplies, a great concern Andrew Grinberg of Clean Water Action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The potential impact on real people is really the most interesting and compelling and concerning thing about the mismanagement of this program,\" he said. \"So when we see over 100 wells in direct proximity to places where disposal should not have been happening, that’s the biggest cause for alarm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state says it’s not yet clear whether the contamination is tied to the injection wells, but it’s continuing to investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Marshall said the department has also added more than 60 new positions so it can better regulate existing injection wells and the possible coming fracking boom. DOGGR is also beginning to reassess its injection well regulations, and may push for new standards later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That move has Grinberg feeling a little better -- but still frustrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think we’d say it’s too little too late -- it is too late,” he said. “However there’s still time to get it right. And going forward, making sure the improvements are there and happen is the most important thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on that last point, the state and its critics agree.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"customPermalink": "2014/10/10/california-struggles-to-regulate-injection-wells/",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='20'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/171558230&visual=true&color=ff5500&inverse=false&auto_play=false&show_user=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/171558230'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next year, California will implement a wide range of new regulations aimed at providing a lot more public disclosure about the hydraulic fracturing process. The new rules, set into motion by \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2013/11/15/what-californias-new-fracking-rules-would-do-and-not-do/\">2013’s Senate Bill 4\u003c/a>, will put California on par with other top drilling states when it comes to policing the fracking process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But tough rules are only half of the equation -- they don’t matter if they aren’t enforced. And the struggles state regulators have had keeping tabs on another part of the drilling process raise a lot of questions about whether California has the resources and the tools to handle a fracking boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Garbage Cans For Drilling Operations\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The method in question: deep injection wells. Drilling for oil and gas creates a lot of water waste. Fracking uses millions of gallons of salty, chemical-laced water. A lot of it comes back up with the oil and gas, and drillers have to do something with all that wastewater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They usually take that stuff and bring it to an injection well, where they shoot the waste deep underground. Injection wells are basically garbage cans for drilling operations. The federal Environmental Protection Agency says these wells are the best way to dispose of drilling waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while the fracking boom hasn’t arrived in California yet, the state already hosts thousands of these wells. That’s because the oil being drilled here is very watery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ninety-five percent of what comes out of the ground in California from hydrocarbon zones is water,” said Jason Marshall of the Department of Conservation’s Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources -- also known as DOGGR.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/fracking-california/\" target=\"_blank\">More on Fracking From KQED Science\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/fracking-california/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-10343323\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/Fracking-main-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Fracking-main\" width=\"325\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Follow Fracking From Multiple Perspectives\u003c/h4>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2014/10/10/anti-fracking-activists-in-california-take-fight-to-county-ballots/\" target=\"_blank\">Anti-Fracking Activists in California Take Fight to County Ballots\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/10/10/open-arms-greet-fracking-in-kern-county/\" target=\"_blank\">Open Arms Greet Fracking in Kern County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/audio/with-drought-new-scrutiny-over-frackings-water-use/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED Science: With Drought, New Scrutiny Over Fracking’s Water Use\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277987\" target=\"_blank\">KQED Newsroom: Special Edition on Fracking\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"http://stateimpact.npr.org/oklahoma/tag/earthquakes/\">earthquakes are attributed to fracking\u003c/a>, it's really these injection wells. In places like \u003ca href=\"http://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2012/04/04/pennsylvanias-link-to-ohio-earthquakes/\">Ohio\u003c/a>, Texas, and \u003ca href=\"http://stateimpact.npr.org/oklahoma/tag/earthquakes/\">Oklahoma\u003c/a>, some of these wells have helped trigger quakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Columbia University seismologist Nicholas van der Elst said the fluid, when it gets deep underground, has likely been seeping into pre-existing fault lines, making it easier for them to shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The better analogy would be that it creates a cushion of pressurized fluid,\" he said. \"Kind of like a hovercraft or an air hockey table.\" Faults previously kept in place by pressure and friction were suddenly sliding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So is this a problem in California? Marshall said the state’s injection wells haven’t been tied to quakes. One main reason, he said, is that the bulk of them are depositing wastewater in underground spaces that had already held oil and other liquids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That doesn’t create the same dynamics we’ve seen in other parts of the nation,\" he said, \"and as a result we haven’t seen earthquakes in California from injection wells.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, Marshall said, injection wells can actually stabilize the ground, since that space oil had filled before being pumped out could otherwise start to cave in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Federal Audit’s \"Hard Findings\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But quakes or no quakes, when you’re putting wastewater deep into the earth, there are a lot of things to regulate. And California hasn’t always been doing the best job.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'Our attention has really been driven squarely onto hydraulic fracturing and well stimulation.'\u003ccite>Jason Marshall, DOGGR\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Three years ago, \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dog/Documents/DOGGR%20USEPA%20consultant's%20report%20on%20CA%20underground%20injection%20program.pdf\">the federal government audited the state.\u003c/a> The EPA report included \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/dog/Documents/DOGGR%20USEPA%20consultant's%20report%20on%20CA%20underground%20injection%20program.pdf\">a lot of criticism\u003c/a> -- notably the fact that the state Department of Conservation \"lack[s] sufficient manpower and other resources to implement [oversight] at a satisfactory level, especially in the largest districts.\" The audit also found some gaps in some state protection standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some hard findings in there,” Marshall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the EPA followed up this summer and asked the state to provide an update on how it’s addressed the issues, the department’s response could be boiled down to: We’re working on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(DOGGR) has already started its ... evaluation,\" the response said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why did it take three years to begin addressing the federal concerns? Marshall said DOGGR has been focusing on preparing for new types of drilling activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, to be perfectly blunt, our attention has really been driven squarely onto hydraulic fracturing and well stimulation,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Contamination Near Injection Well Sites\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the state’s review already has some eye-opening findings. This summer, \u003ca href=\"http://www.propublica.org/article/ca-halts-injection-fracking-waste-warning-may-be-contaminating-aquifers\">the state shut down about a dozen Kern County wells\u003c/a> that may have been injecting waste into fresh water formations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re still sorting out what happened with regard to those individual wells,\" said Marshall. Like who gave approval -- or whether approval was even given -- to inject in those locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That lack of hard information worries environmental groups like Clean Water Action. Especially now that the State Water Board has located more than 100 water supply wells drilled within a mile of the injection sites that were shut down. And now tests show that a handful of those water wells may be contaminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nitrate, arsenic, and thallium exceeded the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) in four of the water supplies,\" the State Water Board told the federal government in a letter last month. “TDS [total dissolved solids -- basically the level of saltiness] exceeded the secondary MCL (SMCL) in 3 samples collected, with maximum concentrations detected at 1,800 ppm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That technical statement means the water board found toxic substances in water supplies, a great concern Andrew Grinberg of Clean Water Action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The potential impact on real people is really the most interesting and compelling and concerning thing about the mismanagement of this program,\" he said. \"So when we see over 100 wells in direct proximity to places where disposal should not have been happening, that’s the biggest cause for alarm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state says it’s not yet clear whether the contamination is tied to the injection wells, but it’s continuing to investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Marshall said the department has also added more than 60 new positions so it can better regulate existing injection wells and the possible coming fracking boom. DOGGR is also beginning to reassess its injection well regulations, and may push for new standards later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That move has Grinberg feeling a little better -- but still frustrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think we’d say it’s too little too late -- it is too late,” he said. “However there’s still time to get it right. And going forward, making sure the improvements are there and happen is the most important thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on that last point, the state and its critics agree.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
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"description": "[caption id=\"attachment_13657\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"351\"]\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/files/2014/01/Fracking-main.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-13657\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/files/2014/01/Fracking-main.jpg\" alt=\"Just over 2,000 wells have been fracked in California, according to industry data. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"351\" height=\"263\" />\u003c/a> Just over 2,000 wells have been fracked in California, according to industry data. (Craig Miller/KQED)[/caption]\r\n\r\nHydraulic fracturing, or fracking, has been used for more than 30 years in California, but it’s attracting attention and scrutiny because of renewed interest in the state’s large oil reserve, known as the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/05/21/californias-monterey-shale-bonanza-or-bust-nobody-really-knows/\">Monterey Shale\u003c/a>.\r\n\r\nIn California, fracking is done mainly for oil, while in other states with recent fracking booms, like Pennsylvania and Texas, it’s used largely for natural gas.\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong>What is it?\u003c/strong>\r\n\r\nFracking is just one phase of the process used to bring an oil or gas well into production. The technique is used to release oil from rocks deep underground. Water, mixed with sand and chemicals, is injected down the well bore at high pressure to create tiny fractures in the rock. \u003ca href=\"http://fracfocus.org/\">According to the oil industry\u003c/a>, more than 2,000 wells have been fracked in the state.\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong>Concerns\u003c/strong>\r\n\r\nEnvironmental groups have called for a moratorium on fracking until the state does a comprehensive review of potential impacts on both water and air quality. A chief concern is the chemicals used, some of which are carcinogens, and potential contamination of groundwater. Fracking also \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/audio/with-drought-new-scrutiny-over-frackings-water-use/\">uses large volumes of freshwater\u003c/a>. Industry sources say it uses less freshwater in California than is used in other states and no cases of groundwater contamination have been found.\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong>Where it Stands\r\n\u003c/strong>\r\n\r\nIn November 2013, state regulators \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2013/11/15/what-californias-new-fracking-rules-would-do-and-not-do/\">released draft rules for fracking\u003c/a> that are now \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2014/07/11/californias-new-fracking-regulations-delayed-half-a-year/\">expected to go into effect in July 2015\u003c/a>. They followed passage of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/09/11/110875/fracking-bill-caifornia-senate-vote\">SB 4\u003c/a>, a bill signed by Governor Jerry Brown, that spelled out what the regulations should cover.\r\n\r\nUnder the rules, oil and gas operators would be required to apply for a permit prior to fracking a well, and to provide written notice to nearby landowners. Operators would have to disclose what chemicals they use, but not the specific concentrations if they consider those a trade secret. State water regulators are also developing a groundwater monitoring program. The regulations are expected to be finalized by the end of 2014.",
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"description": "[caption id=\"attachment_13657\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"351\"] Just over 2,000 wells have been fracked in California, according to industry data. (Craig Miller/KQED)[/caption] Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, has been used for more than 30 years in California, but it’s attracting attention and scrutiny because of renewed interest in the state’s large oil reserve, known as the Monterey Shale. In California, fracking is done mainly for oil, while in other states with recent fracking booms, like Pennsylvania and Texas, it’s used largely for natural gas. What is it? Fracking is just one phase of the process used to bring an oil or gas well into production. The technique is used to release oil from rocks deep underground. Water, mixed with sand and chemicals, is injected down the well bore at high pressure to create tiny fractures in the rock. According to the oil industry, more than 2,000 wells have been fracked in the state. Concerns Environmental groups have called for a moratorium on fracking until the state does a comprehensive review of potential impacts on both water and air quality. A chief concern is the chemicals used, some of which are carcinogens, and potential contamination of groundwater. Fracking also uses large volumes of freshwater. Industry sources say it uses less freshwater in California than is used in other states and no cases of groundwater contamination have been found. Where it Stands In November 2013, state regulators released draft rules for fracking that are now expected to go into effect in July 2015. They followed passage of SB 4, a bill signed by Governor Jerry Brown, that spelled out what the regulations should cover. Under the rules, oil and gas operators would be required to apply for a permit prior to fracking a well, and to provide written notice to nearby landowners. Operators would have to disclose what chemicals they use, but not the specific concentrations if they consider those a trade secret. State water regulators are also developing a groundwater monitoring program. The regulations are expected to be finalized by the end of 2014.",
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