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"content": "\u003cp>In some ways, the neighborhood around the \u003ca href=\"https://www.exide.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Exide Technologies\u003c/a> battery recycling plant in Vernon doesn’t seem to have changed much in the two years since Exide \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-exide-sg-storygallery.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shut down\u003c/a> operations there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trucks keep rumbling by. The summer sun bears down on the treeless street, sending up waves of heat from the asphalt. And once again, each faint puff of wind carries a bolus of foul air, the stench of decaying flesh from a rendering plant down the block, solid and heavy, like blows to the stomach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even when the Exide plant was still operating, often the only sign of the industrial work behind the gates was the occasional employee crossing the street between buildings, or the very thin, very pale streams of fumes from the chimneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It just kept falling on us and falling on us. We didn’t know much about it. Then suddenly it was a real big problem, and I haven’t heard yet how they’re going to make everybody safe.’\u003ccite>Joaquin Romero\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Just before it closed, the Exide plant — several miles southeast of downtown Los Angeles — was recycling as many as 40,000 car batteries a day. Authorities believe it showered the neighborhood with lead dust for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today there are a few outward signs that the factory infrastructure is going away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “God Bless America” poster has vanished from a factory wall, as have the company’s navy-blue Exide logos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Department of Toxic Substances Control, which regulates hazardous waste sites, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/Exide_Notice_Final-EIR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has approved a conceptual plan\u003c/a> for demolishing the plant and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Mip1bobZ0I&feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">is studying procedures\u003c/a> for doing that without further polluting the surrounding area. In July, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3890581-7-6-2017-Cleanup-Plan-Exec-Summary-English-Final.html#document/p4/a361487\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued a plan\u003c/a> for cleaning up about a quarter of the most contaminated homes nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some people living near the plant fear the cleanup could drag on indefinitely or peter out with the job incomplete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With some things, you take one look or you get one little sniff and you know it’s bad news. You know to stay away from it or to complain,” said Joaquin Romero, watching his son at a park about 2 miles from the battery recycling plant.\u003cbr>\n[contextly_sidebar id=”unZ8JwbXIaUFD6MSMVa6oHzQxoEE88Rm”]\u003cbr>\nRomero added: “With Exide, it’s not like the lead stank or anything. It just kept falling on us and falling on us. We didn’t know much about it. Then suddenly it was a real big problem, and I haven’t heard yet how they’re going to make everybody safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March 2015, as public protests mounted against the battery recycler for allegedly poisoning its neighbors with lead and arsenic, the company struck a deal with the federal Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804657-Exide-Agreement.html#document/p1/a289739\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to avoid felony prosecution\u003c/a> for illegally storing and transporting lead and acid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lead is a potent \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs379/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neurotoxin\u003c/a>, especially dangerous to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11083332\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">children\u003c/a>, pregnant women and the elderly. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/health.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Studies\u003c/a> also have \u003ca href=\"https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/1212/study-links-lead-exposure-to-brain-cancer-in-adults.aspx\">linked\u003c/a> lead exposure to cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated 10,000 homes are contaminated. So far, the state has only come up with enough \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3935511-EIR-Summary.html#document/p6/a369613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to clean up 2,500\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613090\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613090 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barbara Lee, director of the state Department of Toxic Substances Control. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a recent community meeting, state Department of Toxic Substances Control Director \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/InformationResources/Exec/BarbaraLee.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Barbara Lee\u003c/a> told Exide neighbors that her department is doing the best it can to clean up the contamination with the money it has.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not going to tell you that the other properties aren’t contaminated,” she said. “But I am going to tell you that in this phase of the cleanup, we are cleaning up all of the properties that have the highest levels of lead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it’s just a start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Exide is obligated under the law to clean up all its contamination and we are going to make sure they do that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teresa Marquez wonders, with a great deal of skepticism, how far that pledge will go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marquez lives on a leafy street in Boyle Heights, outside the radius that the department has drawn for its cleanup program. She says she built her house for family, a place where her grandchildren could come play in the dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Marquez says she can’t risk having her grandchildren play in her yard after a lead survey found high levels of contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you know how much that hurts me?” she said. “It hurts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613099 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teresa Marquez says she built her home to welcome family. When a study turned up high lead levels on her property, Marquez said she felt compelled to keep her grandchildren from playing in the yard. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marquez serves on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/ExideAdvisory.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neighborhood group\u003c/a> that advises the Department of Toxic Substances Control on the cleanup. She is campaigning to nearly triple the size of region that the department has identified as contaminated by Exide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a family neighborhood,” she said. “The children here all face the same risks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it could be at least two years before the department can press Exide on the cleanup area it has now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When state officials ordered the battery recycler closed, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804657-Exide-Agreement.html#document/p198/a369615\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">it gave Exide until 2019\u003c/a> to identify the extent of the contamination and make a cleanup plan. It also ordered the company to pay into a remediation fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles County Supervisor Hilda Solis, who represents parts of the contaminated area, believes the full cleanup could cost at least $500 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the state has required Exide to put up only \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3935515-Exide-FCI2014-StipOrder112114.html#document/p7/a369614\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$9 million\u003c/a>. When Exide shut down, the department didn’t know how widespread the contamination was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613102 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jaedyn Mercado, 8, plays on a trampoline in Boyle Heights, just outside the area the state Department of Toxic Substances Control has designated as likely to have been contaminated with lead dust from the Exide Technologies battery recycling plant. Activists say the department’s contamination map is too small, and children outside its boundaries also are in danger of lead poisoning. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Now that we have much more information — you know, we have tens of thousands of sampling results — we are pursuing Exide for a much greater cleanup,” said the department’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/InformationResources/Exec/MohsenNazemi.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mohsen Nazemi\u003c/a>, who is overseeing the cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nazemi says there may be a legal fight. The company has repeatedly challenged claims that it is primarily responsible for the lead contamination. Exide has \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3935521-ExideLawsuitAgainstPublicHealth-April2016.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sued the state\u003c/a> for data it claims may point to other polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3935519-Exide-Technologies-Response-Aug-18-2017-002.html#document/p1/a369617\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">written response to questions\u003c/a>, Exide spokeswoman Melissa Floyd points out that the region has a long history of exposure to leaded gasoline and lead-based paint. The company did not answer questions about what it considers a fair payment to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nazemi said in order to make an effective argument in court, the department must be able to demonstrate that it has considered all possible sources of pollution. The department will assess cleanup costs to any other alleged polluters identified besides Exide, Nazemi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, courts have applied a principle called “joint and several liability” to such cases, said \u003ca href=\"https://law.ucla.edu/faculty/faculty-profiles/sean-b-hecht/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sean Hecht\u003c/a>, co-director of the Emmett Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the UCLA School of Law. It’s a little like the reasoning that can find a getaway car driver criminally liable for violence during a bank robbery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613094\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613094 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mohsen Nazemi, who is overseeing the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s cleanup program near the Exide Technologies battery recycling plant, listens to a question at a public presentation on the cleanup. Nazemi is a deputy director with the department. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Courts have been prepared to hold polluters responsible for cleanups even when they created only part of the mess. But Hecht says in several recent cases, those penalties have been reduced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In such cases, “[Plaintiffs are] taking a risk that ultimately an appeals court might decide to shave off the liability and only hold the defendant responsible for some much smaller percentage of the contamination, and so typically there will be a settlement,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/experts/david-pettit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">David Pettit\u003c/a>, a senior attorney at the Natural Resources Defense Council, said the Department of Toxic Substances Control’s record of lax enforcement could undermine its legal strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2492399-exides-interim-permit.html#document/p1/a256852\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">let the Exide plant operate\u003c/a> without a fully approved hazardous waste permit for 33 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all that time, Exide didn’t satisfy regulators that it fully met California’s rules for the safe operation of such toxic sites. Further, state investigators failed to follow up in repeated instances where Exide allegedly violated department regulations, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2491555-gnb-inc-rcra-facility-assessment-10-1990-pages-1.html#document/p6/a256858\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">records show\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What [Exide] will say is, ‘We had monitoring and you knew what was coming in and going out, and you didn’t do a thing until it became politically expedient for you to do something because politicians started making noise,’ ” Pettit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingrid Brostrom, a senior attorney with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.crpe-ej.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center on Race, Poverty & the Environment\u003c/a>, said the department’s lapses in oversight could end up costing taxpayers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen on numerous occasions companies simply walking away and vanishing and leaving communities holding the bag, or that there just isn’t enough money available to the company to pay for the harm it has caused,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brostrom supports proposed legislation, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB245\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assembly Bill 245\u003c/a>, that increases requirements for facilities that handle hazardous waste, as did Exide, to fund the cleanup of contamination they have caused. The legislation would also increase the penalties for violations of waste disposal laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, another piece of Exide-related \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB2153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legislation\u003c/a> by Assemblywoman Cristina Garcia, D-Bell Gardens, took effect. For each lead-acid battery sold, the state would impose a $1 fee on the purchaser and another $1 fee on the manufacturer, with the money devoted to a special fund for cleaning up lead contamination. A state \u003ca href=\"https://www.boe.ca.gov/legdiv/pdf/2153abEnrolled16jc.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">analysis\u003c/a> predicts the fees could raise $26 million annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia spokeswoman Teala Schaff said some of that money could go to the neighborhoods around Exide.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The battery recycling company has been closed for two years but cleanup is just getting underway.",
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"title": "State Aims to Close Funding Gap for Lead Contamination Cleanup, Neighbors Skeptical | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In some ways, the neighborhood around the \u003ca href=\"https://www.exide.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Exide Technologies\u003c/a> battery recycling plant in Vernon doesn’t seem to have changed much in the two years since Exide \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-exide-sg-storygallery.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shut down\u003c/a> operations there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trucks keep rumbling by. The summer sun bears down on the treeless street, sending up waves of heat from the asphalt. And once again, each faint puff of wind carries a bolus of foul air, the stench of decaying flesh from a rendering plant down the block, solid and heavy, like blows to the stomach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even when the Exide plant was still operating, often the only sign of the industrial work behind the gates was the occasional employee crossing the street between buildings, or the very thin, very pale streams of fumes from the chimneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It just kept falling on us and falling on us. We didn’t know much about it. Then suddenly it was a real big problem, and I haven’t heard yet how they’re going to make everybody safe.’\u003ccite>Joaquin Romero\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Just before it closed, the Exide plant — several miles southeast of downtown Los Angeles — was recycling as many as 40,000 car batteries a day. Authorities believe it showered the neighborhood with lead dust for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today there are a few outward signs that the factory infrastructure is going away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “God Bless America” poster has vanished from a factory wall, as have the company’s navy-blue Exide logos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Department of Toxic Substances Control, which regulates hazardous waste sites, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/Exide_Notice_Final-EIR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has approved a conceptual plan\u003c/a> for demolishing the plant and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Mip1bobZ0I&feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">is studying procedures\u003c/a> for doing that without further polluting the surrounding area. In July, the department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3890581-7-6-2017-Cleanup-Plan-Exec-Summary-English-Final.html#document/p4/a361487\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued a plan\u003c/a> for cleaning up about a quarter of the most contaminated homes nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some people living near the plant fear the cleanup could drag on indefinitely or peter out with the job incomplete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With some things, you take one look or you get one little sniff and you know it’s bad news. You know to stay away from it or to complain,” said Joaquin Romero, watching his son at a park about 2 miles from the battery recycling plant.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nRomero added: “With Exide, it’s not like the lead stank or anything. It just kept falling on us and falling on us. We didn’t know much about it. Then suddenly it was a real big problem, and I haven’t heard yet how they’re going to make everybody safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March 2015, as public protests mounted against the battery recycler for allegedly poisoning its neighbors with lead and arsenic, the company struck a deal with the federal Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804657-Exide-Agreement.html#document/p1/a289739\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to avoid felony prosecution\u003c/a> for illegally storing and transporting lead and acid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lead is a potent \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs379/en/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neurotoxin\u003c/a>, especially dangerous to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11083332\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">children\u003c/a>, pregnant women and the elderly. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/health.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Studies\u003c/a> also have \u003ca href=\"https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/1212/study-links-lead-exposure-to-brain-cancer-in-adults.aspx\">linked\u003c/a> lead exposure to cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated 10,000 homes are contaminated. So far, the state has only come up with enough \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3935511-EIR-Summary.html#document/p6/a369613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">to clean up 2,500\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613090\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613090 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26280_BarbaraLee-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barbara Lee, director of the state Department of Toxic Substances Control. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a recent community meeting, state Department of Toxic Substances Control Director \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/InformationResources/Exec/BarbaraLee.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Barbara Lee\u003c/a> told Exide neighbors that her department is doing the best it can to clean up the contamination with the money it has.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not going to tell you that the other properties aren’t contaminated,” she said. “But I am going to tell you that in this phase of the cleanup, we are cleaning up all of the properties that have the highest levels of lead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said it’s just a start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Exide is obligated under the law to clean up all its contamination and we are going to make sure they do that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teresa Marquez wonders, with a great deal of skepticism, how far that pledge will go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marquez lives on a leafy street in Boyle Heights, outside the radius that the department has drawn for its cleanup program. She says she built her house for family, a place where her grandchildren could come play in the dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Marquez says she can’t risk having her grandchildren play in her yard after a lead survey found high levels of contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you know how much that hurts me?” she said. “It hurts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613099 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26282_TeresaMarquez-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teresa Marquez says she built her home to welcome family. When a study turned up high lead levels on her property, Marquez said she felt compelled to keep her grandchildren from playing in the yard. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marquez serves on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/ExideAdvisory.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neighborhood group\u003c/a> that advises the Department of Toxic Substances Control on the cleanup. She is campaigning to nearly triple the size of region that the department has identified as contaminated by Exide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a family neighborhood,” she said. “The children here all face the same risks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it could be at least two years before the department can press Exide on the cleanup area it has now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When state officials ordered the battery recycler closed, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2804657-Exide-Agreement.html#document/p198/a369615\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">it gave Exide until 2019\u003c/a> to identify the extent of the contamination and make a cleanup plan. It also ordered the company to pay into a remediation fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles County Supervisor Hilda Solis, who represents parts of the contaminated area, believes the full cleanup could cost at least $500 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the state has required Exide to put up only \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3935515-Exide-FCI2014-StipOrder112114.html#document/p7/a369614\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$9 million\u003c/a>. When Exide shut down, the department didn’t know how widespread the contamination was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613102 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26283_ExideChild-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jaedyn Mercado, 8, plays on a trampoline in Boyle Heights, just outside the area the state Department of Toxic Substances Control has designated as likely to have been contaminated with lead dust from the Exide Technologies battery recycling plant. Activists say the department’s contamination map is too small, and children outside its boundaries also are in danger of lead poisoning. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Now that we have much more information — you know, we have tens of thousands of sampling results — we are pursuing Exide for a much greater cleanup,” said the department’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/InformationResources/Exec/MohsenNazemi.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mohsen Nazemi\u003c/a>, who is overseeing the cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nazemi says there may be a legal fight. The company has repeatedly challenged claims that it is primarily responsible for the lead contamination. Exide has \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3935521-ExideLawsuitAgainstPublicHealth-April2016.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sued the state\u003c/a> for data it claims may point to other polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3935519-Exide-Technologies-Response-Aug-18-2017-002.html#document/p1/a369617\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">written response to questions\u003c/a>, Exide spokeswoman Melissa Floyd points out that the region has a long history of exposure to leaded gasoline and lead-based paint. The company did not answer questions about what it considers a fair payment to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nazemi said in order to make an effective argument in court, the department must be able to demonstrate that it has considered all possible sources of pollution. The department will assess cleanup costs to any other alleged polluters identified besides Exide, Nazemi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, courts have applied a principle called “joint and several liability” to such cases, said \u003ca href=\"https://law.ucla.edu/faculty/faculty-profiles/sean-b-hecht/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sean Hecht\u003c/a>, co-director of the Emmett Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the UCLA School of Law. It’s a little like the reasoning that can find a getaway car driver criminally liable for violence during a bank robbery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613094\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613094 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26281_MohsenNazemi-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mohsen Nazemi, who is overseeing the state Department of Toxic Substances Control’s cleanup program near the Exide Technologies battery recycling plant, listens to a question at a public presentation on the cleanup. Nazemi is a deputy director with the department. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Courts have been prepared to hold polluters responsible for cleanups even when they created only part of the mess. But Hecht says in several recent cases, those penalties have been reduced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In such cases, “[Plaintiffs are] taking a risk that ultimately an appeals court might decide to shave off the liability and only hold the defendant responsible for some much smaller percentage of the contamination, and so typically there will be a settlement,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/experts/david-pettit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">David Pettit\u003c/a>, a senior attorney at the Natural Resources Defense Council, said the Department of Toxic Substances Control’s record of lax enforcement could undermine its legal strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2492399-exides-interim-permit.html#document/p1/a256852\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">let the Exide plant operate\u003c/a> without a fully approved hazardous waste permit for 33 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all that time, Exide didn’t satisfy regulators that it fully met California’s rules for the safe operation of such toxic sites. Further, state investigators failed to follow up in repeated instances where Exide allegedly violated department regulations, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2491555-gnb-inc-rcra-facility-assessment-10-1990-pages-1.html#document/p6/a256858\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">records show\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What [Exide] will say is, ‘We had monitoring and you knew what was coming in and going out, and you didn’t do a thing until it became politically expedient for you to do something because politicians started making noise,’ ” Pettit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingrid Brostrom, a senior attorney with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.crpe-ej.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center on Race, Poverty & the Environment\u003c/a>, said the department’s lapses in oversight could end up costing taxpayers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen on numerous occasions companies simply walking away and vanishing and leaving communities holding the bag, or that there just isn’t enough money available to the company to pay for the harm it has caused,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brostrom supports proposed legislation, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB245\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assembly Bill 245\u003c/a>, that increases requirements for facilities that handle hazardous waste, as did Exide, to fund the cleanup of contamination they have caused. The legislation would also increase the penalties for violations of waste disposal laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, another piece of Exide-related \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB2153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legislation\u003c/a> by Assemblywoman Cristina Garcia, D-Bell Gardens, took effect. For each lead-acid battery sold, the state would impose a $1 fee on the purchaser and another $1 fee on the manufacturer, with the money devoted to a special fund for cleaning up lead contamination. A state \u003ca href=\"https://www.boe.ca.gov/legdiv/pdf/2153abEnrolled16jc.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">analysis\u003c/a> predicts the fees could raise $26 million annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia spokeswoman Teala Schaff said some of that money could go to the neighborhoods around Exide.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "In San Jose, the Flooding Is Gone, But the Trash Lives On",
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"content": "\u003cp>During her morning walk, Pairom Sar points in disgust at the dirty green leather chair hanging off the curb. Next to it? A pile of stinky yard waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chair and yard waste weren’t there when Sar went to bed. But most nights trash just seems to appear out of nowhere. She believes the items are dumped by people who don’t live in the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people outside of the flood (zone) come here,” Sar says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11612686\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11612686 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dumped chair and yard waste at the corner of Needles Drive and Welch Avenue in Rock Springs. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After San Jose’s Coyote Creek flooded on Feb. 21, the neighborhood of Rock Springs was inundated with trash and debris. Residents and construction crews spent months cleaning up and throwing out ruined furniture and belongings, and the city of San Jose provided dumpsters and regular pickups to assist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that pickup program ended earlier this summer, and there are still piles of trash. Deputy City Manager Kip Harkness believes the city’s cleanup effort has had an unintended effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people see trash in a neighborhood, they tend to bring their own stuff and dump it,” Harkness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Handwritten “no dumping signs” hang on the trees in the neighborhood. Residents regularly report the illegal dumping to the city. But still people dump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want a clean, safe community just like everyone else,” Harkness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sad thing is that there’s really no reason to dump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city will pick up up to three large bulk items,” Harkness says. “Just go to our website or app and make an appointment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city is encouraging people to continue to report the dumping. If Rock Springs continues to become a hotspot for it, the city will consider installing cameras to catch dumpers and fine them. The fee for a first-time dumper is $2,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11612687\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11612687 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pile of trash on Welch Avenue in the Rock Springs neighborhood of San Jose in July 2017. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pairom Sar stares at that dirty green leather chair hanging off the curb when I ask how she’s been doing since the flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a little OK,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sar goes on to say she’s lived in Rock Springs since 1988, and most of her possessions were destroyed in the flood. All of the trash is a reminder of those losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sar and her neighbors want it to go away — so that they can finally move on.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>During her morning walk, Pairom Sar points in disgust at the dirty green leather chair hanging off the curb. Next to it? A pile of stinky yard waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chair and yard waste weren’t there when Sar went to bed. But most nights trash just seems to appear out of nowhere. She believes the items are dumped by people who don’t live in the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people outside of the flood (zone) come here,” Sar says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11612686\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11612686 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_0094-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dumped chair and yard waste at the corner of Needles Drive and Welch Avenue in Rock Springs. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After San Jose’s Coyote Creek flooded on Feb. 21, the neighborhood of Rock Springs was inundated with trash and debris. Residents and construction crews spent months cleaning up and throwing out ruined furniture and belongings, and the city of San Jose provided dumpsters and regular pickups to assist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that pickup program ended earlier this summer, and there are still piles of trash. Deputy City Manager Kip Harkness believes the city’s cleanup effort has had an unintended effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people see trash in a neighborhood, they tend to bring their own stuff and dump it,” Harkness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Handwritten “no dumping signs” hang on the trees in the neighborhood. Residents regularly report the illegal dumping to the city. But still people dump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want a clean, safe community just like everyone else,” Harkness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sad thing is that there’s really no reason to dump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city will pick up up to three large bulk items,” Harkness says. “Just go to our website or app and make an appointment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city is encouraging people to continue to report the dumping. If Rock Springs continues to become a hotspot for it, the city will consider installing cameras to catch dumpers and fine them. The fee for a first-time dumper is $2,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11612687\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11612687 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/JulyRockSpringsTrash.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pile of trash on Welch Avenue in the Rock Springs neighborhood of San Jose in July 2017. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pairom Sar stares at that dirty green leather chair hanging off the curb when I ask how she’s been doing since the flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a little OK,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sar goes on to say she’s lived in Rock Springs since 1988, and most of her possessions were destroyed in the flood. All of the trash is a reminder of those losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sar and her neighbors want it to go away — so that they can finally move on.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "EPA Demands Answers From Valero Months After Massive Benicia Refinery Outage",
"title": "EPA Demands Answers From Valero Months After Massive Benicia Refinery Outage",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The Valero Energy Corporation is facing a deadline in the coming days to respond to questions from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency about power issues at its Benicia oil refinery several months after an outage shut down the entire facility for weeks, leading to a major release of pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA wants detailed information about the outages that have led to flaring events at the refinery over the last three years, and it wants inspection records for all of the facility's process units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"EPA believes that much of the requested information is, or should be, readily available at the facility,\" wrote Enrique Manzanilla, director of the agency's Pacific Southwest Superfund Division, in a letter obtained by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has asked Valero to explain its policies on handling outages, its risk management program and its flare system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The company may not withhold any information from EPA on the grounds that it is confidential business information,\" the July 27 letter states. The EPA says Valero is required to respond to the agency within 30 days of receiving the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage initially sent a huge plume of smoke into the air, prompting evacuation and shelter-in-place orders. It would later lead to several local and state investigations, a multimillion-dollar lawsuit, a decrease in profits for Valero and a push for more refinery oversight by the city of Benicia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Valero official says the company is working on providing answers to federal officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We did receive the EPA request, and we intend to respond accordingly,\" Lillian Riojas, a Valero spokesman, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA's demands seem to go against the image the Trump administration has established as less interested in strong regulations on the fossil fuel industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This letter is a bit surprising given that Trump's EPA seems to be ignoring many public health issues to the delight of just about every polluter in the country,\" said Hollin Kretzmann, at the Center for Biological Diversity, in an email. \"The EPA must think Valero's practices are especially concerning if it's asking for this information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, he says the agency is not being aggressive enough. \"This might be little more than a public relations exercise in the face of increasingly high-profile pollution problems at Bay Area refineries,\" Kretzmann said. \"There's no assurance that any of this information gathering will lead to meaningful action.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Kammen, a professor in the Energy and Resources Group at UC Berkeley who has long advocated for strong solutions to climate change, says the EPA's demand for information from one of the nation's largest oil companies in connection with a local emergency should be the kind of on-the-ground work the agency does, no matter who's in the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Actual workers at the EPA have to continue their jobs irrespective of political interference,\" Kammen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the EPA did not act on its federal mandate to react to Valero's pollution release, it could be sued by environmental groups, according to Anthony Wexler, director of the Air Quality Research Center at UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Despite (EPA Administrator Scott) Pruitt's stance on climate and environment in general, in numerous decisions he has shied away from taking actions that will certainly lose in court,\" Wexler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's demands are part of a review of the refinery prompted by the May 5 outage, according to EPA officials who declined to comment further on the agency's letter to Valero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They came a month after Valero filed a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/30/valero-sues-pge-for-reckless-outage-at-benicia-refinery/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit \u003c/a>against PG&E, blaming the utility for the power failure. The oil giant is seeking in excess of $75 million for damage to refinery equipment and lost revenue it says was the result of the shutdown that took place after PG&E \"shut off all electricity\" to the Benicia facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E has said the power failure was triggered by an \"inadvertent operation\" to protect electrical circuits. It has hired an engineering firm to review the cause. That company, Exponent, has yet to turn over a report to PG&E, according to utility spokeswoman Deanna Contreras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery released more than 80,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide from flaring in the days and weeks after the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, KQED revealed that the refinery released more than\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/12/valero-outage-sent-37-tons-of-toxic-gas-into-air-over-two-weeks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> 74,000 pounds of the toxic gas\u003c/a> during 14 days of flaring after the outage, described as a \"huge amount\" by experts. That information came from a report the company filed with state officials and was obtained through a California Public Records Act Request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero filed a separate report with the California Office of Emergency Services last month that showed the refinery released more than 8,200 pounds of sulfur dioxide on June 18 and 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage prompted several investigations, including one that revealed damage to part of the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) inspected the refinery after the power failure, closed its investigation the same month and decided not to issue any violations afterward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the outage did damage one of the refinery's flares, according to Cal/OSHA. \"Attention was given to the South Flare, due to damage on flare tips and the dump stack,\" wrote Cal/OSHA safety engineer Sean Sasser in a notice after the inspection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2017/2017_045_valeronovs_050917-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">several notices of violation\u003c/a> against the company due to the flaring in the days after the shutdown. Its investigation is ongoing, according to district spokesman Ralph Borrmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solano County's Department of Resource Management also launched a probe. That review is ongoing and is expected to be completed in October, according to Terry Schmidtbauer, the department's director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say the outage led to an increase in the state's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gasoline prices\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the shutdown hurt Valero's bottom line. Its lawsuit claimed that the company lost a \"substantial amount of profits.\" The company's \u003ca href=\"http://www.mysanantonio.com/business/eagle-ford-energy/article/Valero-2Q-profits-fall-32-7-percent-on-higher-11469580.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">second-quarter earnings\u003c/a>, released last month, fell by more than 30 percent, apparently because it took several weeks to get the refinery back online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage has also prompted Benicia city leaders to consider increasing \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/23/valero-outage-prompts-benicia-to-consider-industrial-safety-ordinance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">their oversight of the refinery\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/09/benicia-mayor-calls-for-key-emergency-improvements-after-valero-refinery-outage-and-flaring/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">improve how they communicate with residents\u003c/a> about emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the day of the shutdown, authorities imposed shelter-in-place evacuation orders for parts of the city, and at least a dozen people sought medical treatment for breathing difficulties.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Valero Energy Corporation is facing a deadline in the coming days to respond to questions from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency about power issues at its Benicia oil refinery several months after an outage shut down the entire facility for weeks, leading to a major release of pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA wants detailed information about the outages that have led to flaring events at the refinery over the last three years, and it wants inspection records for all of the facility's process units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"EPA believes that much of the requested information is, or should be, readily available at the facility,\" wrote Enrique Manzanilla, director of the agency's Pacific Southwest Superfund Division, in a letter obtained by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has asked Valero to explain its policies on handling outages, its risk management program and its flare system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The company may not withhold any information from EPA on the grounds that it is confidential business information,\" the July 27 letter states. The EPA says Valero is required to respond to the agency within 30 days of receiving the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage initially sent a huge plume of smoke into the air, prompting evacuation and shelter-in-place orders. It would later lead to several local and state investigations, a multimillion-dollar lawsuit, a decrease in profits for Valero and a push for more refinery oversight by the city of Benicia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Valero official says the company is working on providing answers to federal officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We did receive the EPA request, and we intend to respond accordingly,\" Lillian Riojas, a Valero spokesman, said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA's demands seem to go against the image the Trump administration has established as less interested in strong regulations on the fossil fuel industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This letter is a bit surprising given that Trump's EPA seems to be ignoring many public health issues to the delight of just about every polluter in the country,\" said Hollin Kretzmann, at the Center for Biological Diversity, in an email. \"The EPA must think Valero's practices are especially concerning if it's asking for this information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, he says the agency is not being aggressive enough. \"This might be little more than a public relations exercise in the face of increasingly high-profile pollution problems at Bay Area refineries,\" Kretzmann said. \"There's no assurance that any of this information gathering will lead to meaningful action.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Kammen, a professor in the Energy and Resources Group at UC Berkeley who has long advocated for strong solutions to climate change, says the EPA's demand for information from one of the nation's largest oil companies in connection with a local emergency should be the kind of on-the-ground work the agency does, no matter who's in the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Actual workers at the EPA have to continue their jobs irrespective of political interference,\" Kammen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the EPA did not act on its federal mandate to react to Valero's pollution release, it could be sued by environmental groups, according to Anthony Wexler, director of the Air Quality Research Center at UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Despite (EPA Administrator Scott) Pruitt's stance on climate and environment in general, in numerous decisions he has shied away from taking actions that will certainly lose in court,\" Wexler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's demands are part of a review of the refinery prompted by the May 5 outage, according to EPA officials who declined to comment further on the agency's letter to Valero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They came a month after Valero filed a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/30/valero-sues-pge-for-reckless-outage-at-benicia-refinery/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lawsuit \u003c/a>against PG&E, blaming the utility for the power failure. The oil giant is seeking in excess of $75 million for damage to refinery equipment and lost revenue it says was the result of the shutdown that took place after PG&E \"shut off all electricity\" to the Benicia facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E has said the power failure was triggered by an \"inadvertent operation\" to protect electrical circuits. It has hired an engineering firm to review the cause. That company, Exponent, has yet to turn over a report to PG&E, according to utility spokeswoman Deanna Contreras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery released more than 80,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide from flaring in the days and weeks after the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, KQED revealed that the refinery released more than\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/12/valero-outage-sent-37-tons-of-toxic-gas-into-air-over-two-weeks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> 74,000 pounds of the toxic gas\u003c/a> during 14 days of flaring after the outage, described as a \"huge amount\" by experts. That information came from a report the company filed with state officials and was obtained through a California Public Records Act Request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero filed a separate report with the California Office of Emergency Services last month that showed the refinery released more than 8,200 pounds of sulfur dioxide on June 18 and 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage prompted several investigations, including one that revealed damage to part of the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) inspected the refinery after the power failure, closed its investigation the same month and decided not to issue any violations afterward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the outage did damage one of the refinery's flares, according to Cal/OSHA. \"Attention was given to the South Flare, due to damage on flare tips and the dump stack,\" wrote Cal/OSHA safety engineer Sean Sasser in a notice after the inspection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2017/2017_045_valeronovs_050917-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">several notices of violation\u003c/a> against the company due to the flaring in the days after the shutdown. Its investigation is ongoing, according to district spokesman Ralph Borrmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solano County's Department of Resource Management also launched a probe. That review is ongoing and is expected to be completed in October, according to Terry Schmidtbauer, the department's director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say the outage led to an increase in the state's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gasoline prices\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the shutdown hurt Valero's bottom line. Its lawsuit claimed that the company lost a \"substantial amount of profits.\" The company's \u003ca href=\"http://www.mysanantonio.com/business/eagle-ford-energy/article/Valero-2Q-profits-fall-32-7-percent-on-higher-11469580.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">second-quarter earnings\u003c/a>, released last month, fell by more than 30 percent, apparently because it took several weeks to get the refinery back online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage has also prompted Benicia city leaders to consider increasing \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/23/valero-outage-prompts-benicia-to-consider-industrial-safety-ordinance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">their oversight of the refinery\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/09/benicia-mayor-calls-for-key-emergency-improvements-after-valero-refinery-outage-and-flaring/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">improve how they communicate with residents\u003c/a> about emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Evacuations Remain as Fire in Yosemite National Park Grows",
"title": "Evacuations Remain as Fire in Yosemite National Park Grows",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Weather conditions are helping crews battling the South Fork Fire in Yosemite National Park that has forced the evacuation of the tiny California community of Wawona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raj Singh, a fire spokesman, said Monday the fire grew slightly overnight to a little under 5½ square miles. It remained 10 percent contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh said thunderstorms forecast for the fire zone did not materialize, but more thunderstorms that could fuel the blaze were expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities ordered residents in and around Wawona to evacuate Saturday as flames came within 1½ square miles and air quality reached hazardous levels. The Mariposa County community has a population of 1,000 to 2,000 people at any given time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh said the fire is burning toward a river that borders the community. He did not have an estimate on when residents might be allowed to return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park has issued an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/blogs/fireinfo.htm\">alert\u003c/a> for visitors notifying them that the Wawona area is closed, including ½ Big Trees Lodge, but not the Wawona campground. Cal Fire is assisting the National Park Service with this \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/5502/\">incident\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Weather conditions are helping crews battling the South Fork Fire in Yosemite National Park that has forced the evacuation of the tiny California community of Wawona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raj Singh, a fire spokesman, said Monday the fire grew slightly overnight to a little under 5½ square miles. It remained 10 percent contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh said thunderstorms forecast for the fire zone did not materialize, but more thunderstorms that could fuel the blaze were expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities ordered residents in and around Wawona to evacuate Saturday as flames came within 1½ square miles and air quality reached hazardous levels. The Mariposa County community has a population of 1,000 to 2,000 people at any given time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh said the fire is burning toward a river that borders the community. He did not have an estimate on when residents might be allowed to return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park has issued an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/blogs/fireinfo.htm\">alert\u003c/a> for visitors notifying them that the Wawona area is closed, including ½ Big Trees Lodge, but not the Wawona campground. Cal Fire is assisting the National Park Service with this \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/5502/\">incident\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Against the sparkling backdrop of sailboats bobbing on San Francisco Bay, Gov. Jerry Brown last month signed a bill extending California's cap-and-trade program, assuring that the most high-profile piece of the state's fight against climate change persists for another decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Sacramento hearing room two days later, the California Air Resources Board approved a paragraph, tucked within a 17-page \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/2016/capandtrade16/ctreso17-21.pdf\">resolution\u003c/a>, that will likely result in benefits worth hundreds of millions of dollars for the oil and agriculture industries. It was the first domino to visibly fall as a consequence of behind-the-scenes dealmaking that produced a cap-and-trade program acceptable to both key environmental groups and major polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air board’s generous impulse toward those polluters was an abrupt reversal of previous plans, ran counter to \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/2016/capandtrade16/attachb.pdf\">staff recommendations\u003c/a>, and left at least one confused board member later saying he wished he had abstained from voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the board’s move was not written into the cap-and-trade legislation Brown signed, the bill’s author acknowledged it was a necessary concession in the scramble to secure its cliffhanger passage in the Legislature. Cap and trade, which lawmakers extended until 2030 with a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/latest-california-innovation-republican-case-cap-trade/\">bipartisan\u003c/a> vote, is supposed to help California slow global warming by forcing industry to either operate more cleanly or pay to pollute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was part of the deal to make sure we could get a (two-thirds) vote to extend the cap-and-trade program,” said Democratic Assemblyman Eduardo Garcia of Coachella. “Without a doubt, it's a compromise in order to reach the greater goal, and at the same time, to put forward what would be the nation’s strongest air quality policies that you could ever see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal would provide maximum compensation to companies for the extra cost of doing business in a state with the nation’s toughest emissions standards. But some critics say it merely gives a lucrative financial leg-up to polluting firms that don’t need it—and by removing some of those firms’ incentives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, could even undermine cap and trade’s prime goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[CaClimateDeal]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complex program, which took effect in 2013, illustrates the delicate balancing act California is trying to pull off as it works to lead the world in aggressively combating climate change while simultaneously fostering a robust economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how it works: California sets a steadily decreasing “cap” on greenhouse gas emissions each year, and sells major businesses permits, known as allowances, allowing them to pollute. To ease the burden on industry, the state also gives many permits away for free. That allocation is determined by a complicated formula that depends, in part, on how likely the companies are to flee the state if regulations become too financially burdensome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air board has grouped businesses into three categories based on whether they are at high-, medium- or low-risk of moving out of state. Each category is assigned an “industry assistance factor” that plays into the formula for free allowances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-risk industries such as oil and gas producers are guaranteed 100 percent assistance in perpetuity. The two other categories have been receiving maximum assistance since 2013, but that was scheduled to drop next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant hundreds of businesses—primarily oil refineries, but also fruit and vegetable canneries, large wineries and breweries, plaster and stucco manufacturers, and assorted other smokestack industries—were slated to receive fewer free allowances for three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system was designed to be generous in the early years of the program, but as businesses adjusted, the state intended to wean companies off the allowances. In recent years the air board staff has even recommended dropping below the 75 and 50 percent reductions scheduled to take effect next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But each time the board considered peeling away some of the allowances, California businesses have fought back with chilling declarations of financial ruin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the July meeting, the board unanimously passed a resolution asking staff to produce a regulation change that would keep all California’s covered industries at the 100 percent assistance rate. It will make a final decision later, although dozens of lobbyists at the meeting lined up to offer their thanks as if it were a done deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air board’s move would ensure industry the maximum assistance through 2020. The cap-and-trade bill then guarantees it through from 2021 to 2030. The upshot: California will have bestowed the biggest possible financial cushion to every polluter in the state for the entirety of cap and trade’s existence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Brown’s office referred reporters’ questions to the air board, which is part of his administration. The board chair—a Brown appointee—said she was not privy to legislators’ deals. She noted that the board frequently adjusts any number of aspects of the regulations and that focusing on which companies got which allowances misses the larger point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From my perspective, my eye is on the ball—it’s a long ball,” said Mary Nichols. She added that the agency is focused on running a market-based program that is “calm and well managed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613069\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11613069 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-800x539.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"539\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-800x539.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-1180x795.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-960x647.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-375x253.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Jerry Brown's office referred reporters’ questions about the cap-and-trade bill to the air board. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There was much that was unusual about the agency’s recent meeting. The actual resolution the board considered, as well as the staff’s discussion, were not publicly available prior to the meeting. In fact, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/board/res/2017/res17-21.pdf\">proposal \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/2016/capandtrade16/ctresoatta.pdf\">affiliated documents\u003c/a> were not posted on the air board’s website until a week after the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One board member said that during the meeting there was confusion about what the panel was voting on, and called the process rushed and sloppy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I knew I would have asked, ‘Is the assistance factor going from 75 percent to 100?’ \"said Dean Florez, a former state senator who now sits on the air board. “I don’t know if everyone knew that that’s what they were voting on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florez said that if he were voting on the resolution today, he would abstain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the board’s vote last month, a leading energy economist \u003ca href=\"https://www.ghgpolicy.org/blog/resolution-17-21\">has determined\u003c/a> that extending the higher rate of industry assistance for three years would amount to a $300 million benefit to oil refineries. The boon to other emitters—such as food processors and aerospace manufacturers—would likely come to tens of millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Legislature comes in and says, ‘We don’t care what experts say about allocations, we still want to give away more,’ that’s a political decision and that’s a big part of the politics of (the cap-and- trade bill),” said Danny Cullenward, who works at Near Zero, a climate policy think tank at Carnegie Institution and teaches at Stanford’s law school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But this is specifically going against what, at least as of a couple of months ago, was what the air board said was the right way to approach this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry assistance program was created to acknowledge that the cost of complying with state rules might place some companies at a competitive disadvantage. In some cases, as with utilities, the free allocations were meant to protect ratepayers from sticker shock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses say the program helps them keep prices lower for consumers while maintaining jobs in California. Cathy Reheis-Boyd, president of the Western States Petroleum Association, said that without free permits to emit greenhouse gases, oil refineries could find it too expensive to do business in California—accelerating a trend that’s already seen the number of refineries in the state drop 50 percent since 1985.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been a decline in the number of refineries over time due to increasing costs and the difficulty of managing that,” Reheis-Boyd said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorothy Rothrock, president of the California Manufacturers & Technology Association, contended that the air board bears the burden of proof to demonstrate that its policies are not harming business. In her view, they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compare investment rates in manufacturing in California to the rest of the country, she said, and the results are “pathetic. It’s really alarming. California is sucking wind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is sometimes difficult to square businesses’ dire depiction of a gasping industrial sector with the governor’s insistence that California’s climate policies have not been a drag on the state’s robust economic engine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florez, at least, said he wants companies to show their work. “Prove why 75 percent is not working,” he said. “I would like people to prove to me that they are leaving. Prove that this would be so onerous that you will leave the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business officials seldom provide studies or specifics to make their case, saying disclosing that information equates to revealing trade secrets. For the most part, the board has been sympathetic to industry’s needs, having once before canceled a scheduled drop in cap-and-trade’s assistance to industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But economist Stephen Levy said the economic impact of strict emissions rules is actually negligible. “You create some jobs, some jobs are lost. The numbers are miniscule,” said Levy, director of the Center for Continuing Study of the California Economy, a private economic research firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the issue of businesses leaving California, he was skeptical. “Are they saying they are leaving because of air quality rules or because the CEO wants to live somewhere else?” Levy said. “Leaving doesn’t always mean ‘leaving because of the regulations.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, business complaints loomed large as state leaders debated cap and trade this spring. The program was set to expire in 2020 and Brown—positioning himself as the environmental antithesis of Republican President Donald Trump—was determined to sign a law extending it for another decade. He wanted a deal that could pass with a two-thirds supermajority to protect cap and trade from further legal challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant walking a political tightrope. Though Democrats have a supermajority in the Legislature, some were not going to support cap and trade—either as progressives who see the program as too business-friendly, or as moderates who fear angering conservative voters in swing districts. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/latest-california-innovation-republican-case-cap-trade/\">Republicans\u003c/a> also were divided on the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the stakes, a powerful coalition of industry groups spent millions lobbying to shape the cap-and-trade extension, and then threw its weight behind the final bill. Securing the continuation of free allowances between 2021 and 2030 was a key item on industry’s wish list—and was included in the version of the bill Brown signed at the ceremony overlooking San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblywoman Monique Limon of Santa Barbara, one of three Democrats who voted against the bill, said she was concerned the free allowances, coupled with other provisions, could weaken the environmental power of cap and trade, and ultimately hamper the state’s ability to reach its goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40 percent by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the end, my vote reflected that I didn’t have the evidence I needed to…believe we will successfully get there,” Limon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Jim Cooper, a business-friendly Democrat from Elk Grove who voted to extend cap and trade, said maintaining the free allowances was important to him because it keeps costs down for the agricultural interests in his Central Valley district that are facing global competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m looking at it at the 30,000-foot level,” Cooper said. “Do we want to drive our dairy herds out of California?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the lawmakers’ debate over the appropriate rate of industry assistance in the cap-and-trade extension addressed how the program will operate from 2021 to 2030. The law Brown signed doesn’t say anything about industry assistance before then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, that appears to have been worked out in an agreement that’s left little in the way of a paper trail or explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia, who has a non-voting seat on the air board, said politicians had to agree to grant the free allowances—before 2021 and after—in order to get enough votes for his bill to pass. And, he said, because lawmakers also approved \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/pollution-bill-legislature-just-passed-downpayment-environmental-justice/\">a companion bill\u003c/a> to better monitor air quality in industrial neighborhoods, he feels confident that the end result is good for Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How cap and trade gets implemented will help determine whether the state has a shot at reaching its 2030 climate targets ”an ambitious accomplishment that most people believe (the cap-and-trade extension) has just delivered,” said Cullenward, the economist. He noted that a $300 million “transfer of wealth from the general public to a special interest is a notable development, but I’m not claiming this particular episode will make or break the whole cap-and-trade program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If regulators take the same industry-friendly approach to the rest of its cap-and-trade operations, he added, “it will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://calmatters.org\">\u003cem>CALmatters.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Against the sparkling backdrop of sailboats bobbing on San Francisco Bay, Gov. Jerry Brown last month signed a bill extending California's cap-and-trade program, assuring that the most high-profile piece of the state's fight against climate change persists for another decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Sacramento hearing room two days later, the California Air Resources Board approved a paragraph, tucked within a 17-page \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/2016/capandtrade16/ctreso17-21.pdf\">resolution\u003c/a>, that will likely result in benefits worth hundreds of millions of dollars for the oil and agriculture industries. It was the first domino to visibly fall as a consequence of behind-the-scenes dealmaking that produced a cap-and-trade program acceptable to both key environmental groups and major polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air board’s generous impulse toward those polluters was an abrupt reversal of previous plans, ran counter to \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/2016/capandtrade16/attachb.pdf\">staff recommendations\u003c/a>, and left at least one confused board member later saying he wished he had abstained from voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the board’s move was not written into the cap-and-trade legislation Brown signed, the bill’s author acknowledged it was a necessary concession in the scramble to secure its cliffhanger passage in the Legislature. Cap and trade, which lawmakers extended until 2030 with a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/latest-california-innovation-republican-case-cap-trade/\">bipartisan\u003c/a> vote, is supposed to help California slow global warming by forcing industry to either operate more cleanly or pay to pollute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was part of the deal to make sure we could get a (two-thirds) vote to extend the cap-and-trade program,” said Democratic Assemblyman Eduardo Garcia of Coachella. “Without a doubt, it's a compromise in order to reach the greater goal, and at the same time, to put forward what would be the nation’s strongest air quality policies that you could ever see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal would provide maximum compensation to companies for the extra cost of doing business in a state with the nation’s toughest emissions standards. But some critics say it merely gives a lucrative financial leg-up to polluting firms that don’t need it—and by removing some of those firms’ incentives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, could even undermine cap and trade’s prime goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[CaClimateDeal]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complex program, which took effect in 2013, illustrates the delicate balancing act California is trying to pull off as it works to lead the world in aggressively combating climate change while simultaneously fostering a robust economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how it works: California sets a steadily decreasing “cap” on greenhouse gas emissions each year, and sells major businesses permits, known as allowances, allowing them to pollute. To ease the burden on industry, the state also gives many permits away for free. That allocation is determined by a complicated formula that depends, in part, on how likely the companies are to flee the state if regulations become too financially burdensome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air board has grouped businesses into three categories based on whether they are at high-, medium- or low-risk of moving out of state. Each category is assigned an “industry assistance factor” that plays into the formula for free allowances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-risk industries such as oil and gas producers are guaranteed 100 percent assistance in perpetuity. The two other categories have been receiving maximum assistance since 2013, but that was scheduled to drop next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant hundreds of businesses—primarily oil refineries, but also fruit and vegetable canneries, large wineries and breweries, plaster and stucco manufacturers, and assorted other smokestack industries—were slated to receive fewer free allowances for three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system was designed to be generous in the early years of the program, but as businesses adjusted, the state intended to wean companies off the allowances. In recent years the air board staff has even recommended dropping below the 75 and 50 percent reductions scheduled to take effect next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But each time the board considered peeling away some of the allowances, California businesses have fought back with chilling declarations of financial ruin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the July meeting, the board unanimously passed a resolution asking staff to produce a regulation change that would keep all California’s covered industries at the 100 percent assistance rate. It will make a final decision later, although dozens of lobbyists at the meeting lined up to offer their thanks as if it were a done deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air board’s move would ensure industry the maximum assistance through 2020. The cap-and-trade bill then guarantees it through from 2021 to 2030. The upshot: California will have bestowed the biggest possible financial cushion to every polluter in the state for the entirety of cap and trade’s existence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Brown’s office referred reporters’ questions to the air board, which is part of his administration. The board chair—a Brown appointee—said she was not privy to legislators’ deals. She noted that the board frequently adjusts any number of aspects of the regulations and that focusing on which companies got which allowances misses the larger point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From my perspective, my eye is on the ball—it’s a long ball,” said Mary Nichols. She added that the agency is focused on running a market-based program that is “calm and well managed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613069\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11613069 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-800x539.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"539\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-800x539.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-1180x795.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-960x647.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-375x253.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26278_GettyImages-681988766-qut-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Jerry Brown's office referred reporters’ questions about the cap-and-trade bill to the air board. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There was much that was unusual about the agency’s recent meeting. The actual resolution the board considered, as well as the staff’s discussion, were not publicly available prior to the meeting. In fact, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/board/res/2017/res17-21.pdf\">proposal \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/2016/capandtrade16/ctresoatta.pdf\">affiliated documents\u003c/a> were not posted on the air board’s website until a week after the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One board member said that during the meeting there was confusion about what the panel was voting on, and called the process rushed and sloppy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I knew I would have asked, ‘Is the assistance factor going from 75 percent to 100?’ \"said Dean Florez, a former state senator who now sits on the air board. “I don’t know if everyone knew that that’s what they were voting on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florez said that if he were voting on the resolution today, he would abstain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the board’s vote last month, a leading energy economist \u003ca href=\"https://www.ghgpolicy.org/blog/resolution-17-21\">has determined\u003c/a> that extending the higher rate of industry assistance for three years would amount to a $300 million benefit to oil refineries. The boon to other emitters—such as food processors and aerospace manufacturers—would likely come to tens of millions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Legislature comes in and says, ‘We don’t care what experts say about allocations, we still want to give away more,’ that’s a political decision and that’s a big part of the politics of (the cap-and- trade bill),” said Danny Cullenward, who works at Near Zero, a climate policy think tank at Carnegie Institution and teaches at Stanford’s law school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But this is specifically going against what, at least as of a couple of months ago, was what the air board said was the right way to approach this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry assistance program was created to acknowledge that the cost of complying with state rules might place some companies at a competitive disadvantage. In some cases, as with utilities, the free allocations were meant to protect ratepayers from sticker shock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses say the program helps them keep prices lower for consumers while maintaining jobs in California. Cathy Reheis-Boyd, president of the Western States Petroleum Association, said that without free permits to emit greenhouse gases, oil refineries could find it too expensive to do business in California—accelerating a trend that’s already seen the number of refineries in the state drop 50 percent since 1985.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been a decline in the number of refineries over time due to increasing costs and the difficulty of managing that,” Reheis-Boyd said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorothy Rothrock, president of the California Manufacturers & Technology Association, contended that the air board bears the burden of proof to demonstrate that its policies are not harming business. In her view, they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compare investment rates in manufacturing in California to the rest of the country, she said, and the results are “pathetic. It’s really alarming. California is sucking wind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is sometimes difficult to square businesses’ dire depiction of a gasping industrial sector with the governor’s insistence that California’s climate policies have not been a drag on the state’s robust economic engine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florez, at least, said he wants companies to show their work. “Prove why 75 percent is not working,” he said. “I would like people to prove to me that they are leaving. Prove that this would be so onerous that you will leave the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business officials seldom provide studies or specifics to make their case, saying disclosing that information equates to revealing trade secrets. For the most part, the board has been sympathetic to industry’s needs, having once before canceled a scheduled drop in cap-and-trade’s assistance to industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But economist Stephen Levy said the economic impact of strict emissions rules is actually negligible. “You create some jobs, some jobs are lost. The numbers are miniscule,” said Levy, director of the Center for Continuing Study of the California Economy, a private economic research firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the issue of businesses leaving California, he was skeptical. “Are they saying they are leaving because of air quality rules or because the CEO wants to live somewhere else?” Levy said. “Leaving doesn’t always mean ‘leaving because of the regulations.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, business complaints loomed large as state leaders debated cap and trade this spring. The program was set to expire in 2020 and Brown—positioning himself as the environmental antithesis of Republican President Donald Trump—was determined to sign a law extending it for another decade. He wanted a deal that could pass with a two-thirds supermajority to protect cap and trade from further legal challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant walking a political tightrope. Though Democrats have a supermajority in the Legislature, some were not going to support cap and trade—either as progressives who see the program as too business-friendly, or as moderates who fear angering conservative voters in swing districts. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/latest-california-innovation-republican-case-cap-trade/\">Republicans\u003c/a> also were divided on the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the stakes, a powerful coalition of industry groups spent millions lobbying to shape the cap-and-trade extension, and then threw its weight behind the final bill. Securing the continuation of free allowances between 2021 and 2030 was a key item on industry’s wish list—and was included in the version of the bill Brown signed at the ceremony overlooking San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblywoman Monique Limon of Santa Barbara, one of three Democrats who voted against the bill, said she was concerned the free allowances, coupled with other provisions, could weaken the environmental power of cap and trade, and ultimately hamper the state’s ability to reach its goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40 percent by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the end, my vote reflected that I didn’t have the evidence I needed to…believe we will successfully get there,” Limon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Jim Cooper, a business-friendly Democrat from Elk Grove who voted to extend cap and trade, said maintaining the free allowances was important to him because it keeps costs down for the agricultural interests in his Central Valley district that are facing global competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m looking at it at the 30,000-foot level,” Cooper said. “Do we want to drive our dairy herds out of California?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the lawmakers’ debate over the appropriate rate of industry assistance in the cap-and-trade extension addressed how the program will operate from 2021 to 2030. The law Brown signed doesn’t say anything about industry assistance before then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, that appears to have been worked out in an agreement that’s left little in the way of a paper trail or explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia, who has a non-voting seat on the air board, said politicians had to agree to grant the free allowances—before 2021 and after—in order to get enough votes for his bill to pass. And, he said, because lawmakers also approved \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/pollution-bill-legislature-just-passed-downpayment-environmental-justice/\">a companion bill\u003c/a> to better monitor air quality in industrial neighborhoods, he feels confident that the end result is good for Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How cap and trade gets implemented will help determine whether the state has a shot at reaching its 2030 climate targets ”an ambitious accomplishment that most people believe (the cap-and-trade extension) has just delivered,” said Cullenward, the economist. He noted that a $300 million “transfer of wealth from the general public to a special interest is a notable development, but I’m not claiming this particular episode will make or break the whole cap-and-trade program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If regulators take the same industry-friendly approach to the rest of its cap-and-trade operations, he added, “it will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>One of the first things that you pass on the dirt road to Straus Family Creamery in Northern California is a pond. It has a white tarp over it, and you don’t want to get too close because the tarp is collecting methane gas -- gas produced by the poop from the ranch’s nearly 300 cows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The cows’ waste is collected. It goes through our methane digester that produces methane gas,” says Albert Straus, founder and CEO of the creamery, located in the Marin County town of Marshall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/08/20170810camhi.mp3\" title=\"Poop-Powered Electric Feed Truck Debuts at Northern California Creamery\" program=\"KQED News\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26190_Electric-Feed-Truck_Courtesy-of-Straus-Family-Creamery-1-qut.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the methane is used as the fuel for a generator that produces electricity for the entire farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we offset all of the electricity on the farm,” Straus says. “And now it powers the truck that feeds the cows that produce the manure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The farm has been creating its own power from methane for over a decade, but the poop-powered electric feed truck just made its debut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hulking, 33,000-pound red-and-white truck used to be fueled by diesel, but Straus worked with a local mechanic for eight years to convert it. Now the engine that would once rumble and growl purrs like an electric kitten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11611358\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11611358\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Founder and CEO of Straus Family Creamery, Albert Straus, says farming can be part of the solution to climate change. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janae Llyod)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Straus says the truck is part of a long-term plan to cut down on greenhouse gases and slow climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re trying to do here is create a model of a farm that is sustainable for the environment, for the soil, for the animals, for the people working on the farms,” Straus says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s also the law in California. Last year, Gov. Jerry Brown signed legislation that aims to reduce methane emissions from dairy operations to 40 percent below 2013 levels by the year 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Straus says he hopes other dairy farmers can use his creamery as an example by putting byproducts like poop to work.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of the first things that you pass on the dirt road to Straus Family Creamery in Northern California is a pond. It has a white tarp over it, and you don’t want to get too close because the tarp is collecting methane gas -- gas produced by the poop from the ranch’s nearly 300 cows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The cows’ waste is collected. It goes through our methane digester that produces methane gas,” says Albert Straus, founder and CEO of the creamery, located in the Marin County town of Marshall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the methane is used as the fuel for a generator that produces electricity for the entire farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we offset all of the electricity on the farm,” Straus says. “And now it powers the truck that feeds the cows that produce the manure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The farm has been creating its own power from methane for over a decade, but the poop-powered electric feed truck just made its debut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hulking, 33,000-pound red-and-white truck used to be fueled by diesel, but Straus worked with a local mechanic for eight years to convert it. Now the engine that would once rumble and growl purrs like an electric kitten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11611358\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11611358\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26197_Albertwithcows_2015_Credit-Janae-Lloyd-Farmers-Guild-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Founder and CEO of Straus Family Creamery, Albert Straus, says farming can be part of the solution to climate change. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Janae Llyod)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Straus says the truck is part of a long-term plan to cut down on greenhouse gases and slow climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re trying to do here is create a model of a farm that is sustainable for the environment, for the soil, for the animals, for the people working on the farms,” Straus says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s also the law in California. Last year, Gov. Jerry Brown signed legislation that aims to reduce methane emissions from dairy operations to 40 percent below 2013 levels by the year 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Straus says he hopes other dairy farmers can use his creamery as an example by putting byproducts like poop to work.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>UPDATE: In late October, the California Supreme Court declined to review the appeals court ruling, effectively upholding public access to the beach. Khosla's only remaining recourse to pursue his case for keeping it private would be the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ruling requiring a Silicon Valley entrepreneur to reopen Martins Beach near Half Moon Bay to the public was upheld by a state appeals court in San Francisco Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A three-judge panel of the 1st District Court of Appeal unanimously said closing the beach owned by venture capitalist Vinod Khosla would require a development permit from the California Coastal Commission because ending public access is a form of development as defined in state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's Coastal Act of 1976 states that a coastal development includes \"any change in the intensity of use of water or of access thereto.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court said that definition and later court rulings show that the requirement for a development permit \"should be broadly construed to encompass all impediments to access, whether direct or indirect.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court ruled in a lawsuit filed by the San Clemente-based Surfrider Foundation against two beach management companies created by Khosla, Martins Beach 1 and Martins Beach 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khosla bought the 53-acre property for $37.5 million in 2008. Beginning in September 2009, he closed it to the public by locking the gate to the only road to the shore and posting a \"no trespassing\" sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11611373\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11611373\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-800x573.jpg\" alt=\"A 'Private Property: No Trespassing' sign on a closed gate leading to Martins Beach.\" width=\"800\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-800x573.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-1020x730.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-1180x845.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-960x688.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-240x172.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-375x269.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-520x372.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 'Private Property: No Trespassing' sign on a closed gate leading to Martins Beach. \u003ccite>(Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The previous owners kept the gate open most of the time during the day, had a welcome billboard, built a parking lot and sometimes charged a parking fee. The beach was popular with surfers, families and fishers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court upheld a similar ruling and a preliminary injunction issued by San Mateo County Superior Court Judge Barbara Mallach in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The injunction requires that the gate \"must be unlocked and open to the same extent that it was unlocked and open at the time defendants purchased the property.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Khosla has contended that his companies did not need to follow the injunction while they were appealing it, according to Eric Buescher, an attorney for the Surfrider Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"qt8kIdy30TMPlaKYhc2nVft7uKo1OTVJ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buescher said the gate has remained locked but some beach users have walked around it or reached the beach in other ways during the three-year appeal of Mallach's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khosla's companies could make a similar argument about a right to continued closure for the time being if they decide to appeal further to the California Supreme Court or U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khosla's attorneys could not immediately be reached for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think the decision is a vindication that the 1,100 miles of California coast are a public resource,\" Buescher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11611375\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11611375\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"'I've been surfing at this beach since the Eisenhower administration,' said Rob 'Birdlegs' Caughlan, the first president of the Surfrider Foundation, the plaintiff in the protracted legal fight over access to Martins Beach.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'I've been surfing at this beach since the Eisenhower administration,' said Rob 'Birdlegs' Caughlan, the first president of the Surfrider Foundation, the plaintiff in the protracted legal fight over access to Martins Beach. \u003ccite>(Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The appeals court also said it was too soon to rule on a second argument in which Khosla claims that opening the beach would be an unconstitutional taking of property without compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel said Khosla could not make that claim until after the Coastal Commission acts on a development permit application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is one of several lawsuits concerning the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another lawsuit filed by a group called Friends of Martins Beach, a San Mateo County Superior Court trial is pending on the question of whether the previous owners created a right of public access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third lawsuit alleging several constitutional violations was filed by Khosla's companies in federal court in San Francisco last year against the Coastal Commission, State Lands Commission and San Mateo County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Jeffrey White is currently considering motions by the three agencies for dismissal and has said he wanted to see today's Court of Appeal decision before ruling, Buescher said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "An appellate court panel said closing beach owned by venture capitalist Vinod Khosla would require development permit from the California Coastal Commission because ending public access is a form of development as defined in state law.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>UPDATE: In late October, the California Supreme Court declined to review the appeals court ruling, effectively upholding public access to the beach. Khosla's only remaining recourse to pursue his case for keeping it private would be the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ruling requiring a Silicon Valley entrepreneur to reopen Martins Beach near Half Moon Bay to the public was upheld by a state appeals court in San Francisco Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A three-judge panel of the 1st District Court of Appeal unanimously said closing the beach owned by venture capitalist Vinod Khosla would require a development permit from the California Coastal Commission because ending public access is a form of development as defined in state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's Coastal Act of 1976 states that a coastal development includes \"any change in the intensity of use of water or of access thereto.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court said that definition and later court rulings show that the requirement for a development permit \"should be broadly construed to encompass all impediments to access, whether direct or indirect.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court ruled in a lawsuit filed by the San Clemente-based Surfrider Foundation against two beach management companies created by Khosla, Martins Beach 1 and Martins Beach 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khosla bought the 53-acre property for $37.5 million in 2008. Beginning in September 2009, he closed it to the public by locking the gate to the only road to the shore and posting a \"no trespassing\" sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11611373\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11611373\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-800x573.jpg\" alt=\"A 'Private Property: No Trespassing' sign on a closed gate leading to Martins Beach.\" width=\"800\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-800x573.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-1020x730.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-1180x845.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-960x688.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-240x172.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-375x269.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/PrivatePropertyMartins-520x372.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 'Private Property: No Trespassing' sign on a closed gate leading to Martins Beach. \u003ccite>(Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The previous owners kept the gate open most of the time during the day, had a welcome billboard, built a parking lot and sometimes charged a parking fee. The beach was popular with surfers, families and fishers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court upheld a similar ruling and a preliminary injunction issued by San Mateo County Superior Court Judge Barbara Mallach in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The injunction requires that the gate \"must be unlocked and open to the same extent that it was unlocked and open at the time defendants purchased the property.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Khosla has contended that his companies did not need to follow the injunction while they were appealing it, according to Eric Buescher, an attorney for the Surfrider Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buescher said the gate has remained locked but some beach users have walked around it or reached the beach in other ways during the three-year appeal of Mallach's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khosla's companies could make a similar argument about a right to continued closure for the time being if they decide to appeal further to the California Supreme Court or U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khosla's attorneys could not immediately be reached for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think the decision is a vindication that the 1,100 miles of California coast are a public resource,\" Buescher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11611375\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11611375\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"'I've been surfing at this beach since the Eisenhower administration,' said Rob 'Birdlegs' Caughlan, the first president of the Surfrider Foundation, the plaintiff in the protracted legal fight over access to Martins Beach.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Surfrider-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'I've been surfing at this beach since the Eisenhower administration,' said Rob 'Birdlegs' Caughlan, the first president of the Surfrider Foundation, the plaintiff in the protracted legal fight over access to Martins Beach. \u003ccite>(Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The appeals court also said it was too soon to rule on a second argument in which Khosla claims that opening the beach would be an unconstitutional taking of property without compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel said Khosla could not make that claim until after the Coastal Commission acts on a development permit application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is one of several lawsuits concerning the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another lawsuit filed by a group called Friends of Martins Beach, a San Mateo County Superior Court trial is pending on the question of whether the previous owners created a right of public access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third lawsuit alleging several constitutional violations was filed by Khosla's companies in federal court in San Francisco last year against the Coastal Commission, State Lands Commission and San Mateo County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Jeffrey White is currently considering motions by the three agencies for dismissal and has said he wanted to see today's Court of Appeal decision before ruling, Buescher said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
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}
},
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"id": "bbc-world-service",
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
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}
},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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