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Congress appropriates the federal funding for NPR and PBS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The executive order, like many that the president has signed, could be challenged in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Which viewpoints NPR and PBS promote does not matter,” the executive order said. “What does matter is that neither entity presents a fair, accurate or unbiased portrayal of current events to tax-paying citizens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On social media platforms, Trump recently \u003ca href=\"https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/114264549657133828\">blasted\u003c/a> the two primary public broadcasting networks, posting in all caps: “REPUBLICANS MUST DEFUND AND TOTALLY DISASSOCIATE THEMSELVES FROM NPR & PBS, THE RADICAL LEFT ‘MONSTERS’ THAT SO BADLY HURT OUR COUNTRY!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the executive order, Trump instructs the CPB and executive branch departments and agencies to cease direct and indirect funding of NPR and PBS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The CPB Board shall cancel existing direct funding to the maximum extent allowed by law and shall decline to provide future funding,” the order said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR’s President and CEO Katherine Maher defended coverage and addressed the need for funding in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/16/nx-s1-5366040/npr-federal-funding-katherine-maher\">recent interview\u003c/a> on All Things Considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it’s important for public media to be able to continue to be relevant in a time where there is a lot of coverage of different issues and areas of interest,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033465\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033465\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump speaks alongside U.S. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth in the Oval Office of the White House on March 21, 2025, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>NPR did not immediately respond to requests for comment on the executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The leaders of NPR and PBS \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/26/nx-s1-5339951/npr-pbs-congress-hearing\">testified at a House oversight committee hearing\u003c/a> in late March on allegations of ideological bias in public broadcasting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maher was assailed for her past political postings on social media, and the network’s news judgment was almost entirely based on tweets and stories that preceded her March 2024 arrival at the network by years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBS’ Paula Kerger found herself queried about a video involving a performer in drag singing a variation on a children’s song for a young audience. (Kerger testified that the video was posted on the website of PBS’ New York City member station and never aired on television.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal funding for public media flows through the congressionally chartered Corporation for Public Broadcasting. Congress allocated $535 million for the CPB for the current fiscal year — an amount affirmed in a recent stop-gap bill passed by the Republican-controlled U.S. House and Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPB’s budget is approved by Congress on a two-year cycle in large part to insulate it from political pressures; according to the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, Congress has fully funded it through Sept 30, 2027.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the hearing in late March, heads of both networks spoke of the mission to provide nonpartisan news and programming to the American public, without charge.[aside postID=news_12037919 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GETTYIMAGES-2212828202-KQED.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR receives about 1% of its funding directly from the federal government, and a slightly greater amount indirectly; its 246 member institutions, operating more than 1,300 stations, receive on average 8% to 10% of their funds from CPB.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, PBS and its stations receive about 15% of their revenues from CPB’s federal funds. Most of the funds for public media go to local stations, and most to subsidize television, which is more expensive than radio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The networks say they have been encouraged repeatedly by the agency and Congress to develop private financial support and have worked assiduously for years with the FCC to ensure that content falls within FCC guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBS offers a heavy amount of educational fare; NPR relies more on news and music. Both provide locally grounded content and reach more than 99% of the population at no cost. And in many states and communities, the stations serve as a key component of emergency and disaster response systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump opened up a new front in his assault on public media on Monday, asserting that he was removing three of the five board members of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The corporation \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/25921425-cpb-v-trump-complaint/\">sued Trump on Tuesday morning\u003c/a> in response, pointing to federal law and a U.S. Supreme Court ruling to contend that he does not have the power to take these actions.\u003cbr>\nLast month, the White House said it was going to send a request to Congress for a rescission of funding for NPR and PBS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, the Federal Communications Commission has launched an investigation of NPR and PBS, saying it appears that their corporate underwriting spots violate laws banning commercial advertisements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Disclosure: This story was reported and written by NPR Media Correspondent David Folkenflik and edited by Deputy Business Editor Emily Kopp, Managing Editor Gerry Holmes and Managing Editor Vickie Walton-James. Under NPR’s protocol for reporting on itself, no corporate official or news executive reviewed this story before it was posted publicly.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On social media platforms, Trump recently \u003ca href=\"https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/114264549657133828\">blasted\u003c/a> the two primary public broadcasting networks, posting in all caps: “REPUBLICANS MUST DEFUND AND TOTALLY DISASSOCIATE THEMSELVES FROM NPR & PBS, THE RADICAL LEFT ‘MONSTERS’ THAT SO BADLY HURT OUR COUNTRY!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the executive order, Trump instructs the CPB and executive branch departments and agencies to cease direct and indirect funding of NPR and PBS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The CPB Board shall cancel existing direct funding to the maximum extent allowed by law and shall decline to provide future funding,” the order said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR’s President and CEO Katherine Maher defended coverage and addressed the need for funding in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/16/nx-s1-5366040/npr-federal-funding-katherine-maher\">recent interview\u003c/a> on All Things Considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it’s important for public media to be able to continue to be relevant in a time where there is a lot of coverage of different issues and areas of interest,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033465\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033465\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrump100DaysGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump speaks alongside U.S. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth in the Oval Office of the White House on March 21, 2025, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>NPR did not immediately respond to requests for comment on the executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The leaders of NPR and PBS \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/26/nx-s1-5339951/npr-pbs-congress-hearing\">testified at a House oversight committee hearing\u003c/a> in late March on allegations of ideological bias in public broadcasting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maher was assailed for her past political postings on social media, and the network’s news judgment was almost entirely based on tweets and stories that preceded her March 2024 arrival at the network by years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBS’ Paula Kerger found herself queried about a video involving a performer in drag singing a variation on a children’s song for a young audience. (Kerger testified that the video was posted on the website of PBS’ New York City member station and never aired on television.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal funding for public media flows through the congressionally chartered Corporation for Public Broadcasting. Congress allocated $535 million for the CPB for the current fiscal year — an amount affirmed in a recent stop-gap bill passed by the Republican-controlled U.S. House and Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPB’s budget is approved by Congress on a two-year cycle in large part to insulate it from political pressures; according to the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, Congress has fully funded it through Sept 30, 2027.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the hearing in late March, heads of both networks spoke of the mission to provide nonpartisan news and programming to the American public, without charge.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Visa announced Wednesday it is partnering with leading \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ai\">AI\u003c/a> chatbot developers like Anthropic, Microsoft, OpenAI and Perplexity to connect their AI systems to Visa’s payments network and take online shopping out of consumer hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Magical” AI technologies have the potential to “radically transform commerce,” Visa CEO Ryan McInerney said at this week’s Visa Product Drop 2025. Visa is also working with IBM, online payment company Stripe and phone-maker Samsung on the initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do consumers need Visa et al. to insert themselves in the process? Trust and safety — at least, according to the company. Because, as it is now, within milliseconds of an attempted purchase, Visa is able to sift through vast amounts of data to assess whether patterns imply there’s fraud or a sale going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Visa recognizes these patterns through our data. We understand the rhythms, and those rhythms are what enable us to build solutions that deliver better buyer experiences, that grow sales for sellers with less fraud, and less declines and more completed transactions,” McInerney explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving aside that last time you spotted fraud on your bill that your credit card issuer and Visa didn’t, there will be kinks to work out, said Dr. Jennifer King, a privacy and data policy fellow at the Stanford Center for Human Centered Artificial Intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s possible the first places where these [AI agents] work are trusted partners. So if I want my Starbucks latte to be ordered for me and ready every morning on my walk to work, I just pick it up. I know what it costs, and I’ll get the receipt from Starbucks eventually through my system. There’s no negotiation there. It’s just straightforward,” King said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With more complex or one-time purchases, it’s less clear whether AI shop bots can guarantee the consumer is getting a desirable deal. That’s because we’re all shopping in what’s called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036411/googles-ad-dominance-is-illegal-federal-judge-rules\">ad surveillance economy\u003c/a>, where thousands of companies you’ve never heard of buy and sell all sorts of personal data. That impacts the prices you’re offered through the growing practice of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028137/california-lawmakers-take-on-predatory-surveillance-pricing\">dynamic pricing\u003c/a>, where retailers sift through all that data to determine the highest price any individual consumer is likely to pay for a product and service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This ends up being a world potentially where consumers are captured even more than they are now, and are subject to higher prices and potentially deceptive conduct that they aren’t even seeing, because they’re no longer the one making the decision,” King said.[aside postID=news_12038154 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/StanfordStudyAIChatbotsKidsGetty-1020x680.jpg']“There are so many sticky situations you can get into,” added David Harris, a senior policy advisor of the California Initiative for Technology and Democracy. Harris also lectures on AI ethics and social media at UC Berkeley’s Haas School of Business and previously worked as a research manager on the responsible AI team at Meta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris recalled the court case where Air Canada was \u003ca href=\"https://www.canlii.org/en/bc/bccrt/doc/2024/2024bccrt149/2024bccrt149.html\">ordered \u003c/a>to pay compensation after its AI chatbot misled a customer into believing he could get the difference between a full-price ticket and a discounted bereavement fare refunded. The airline tried to argue the bot was a “separate legal entity” that was “responsible for its own actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037518/newsom-signals-to-california-privacy-watchdog-that-hes-on-big-techs-side-on-ai-regulation\">paucity of regulatory oversight\u003c/a> and the slow and uneven response of courts, what hope do any of us have in this brave new world rolling out in the near future? Competition, said Dr. King.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of this is going to require trust. If you can’t trust these [AI] agents to operate on your behalf, people aren’t going to adopt them,” Dr. King said. “There’s been such a trust deficit in online services. This, to my mind, ups the ante. If people are finding out that they’re getting ripped off left and right by using these tools, they’re not going to use them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Visa, its pilot projects began this week, ahead of more widespread usage expected next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Visa announced Wednesday it is partnering with leading \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ai\">AI\u003c/a> chatbot developers like Anthropic, Microsoft, OpenAI and Perplexity to connect their AI systems to Visa’s payments network and take online shopping out of consumer hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Magical” AI technologies have the potential to “radically transform commerce,” Visa CEO Ryan McInerney said at this week’s Visa Product Drop 2025. Visa is also working with IBM, online payment company Stripe and phone-maker Samsung on the initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do consumers need Visa et al. to insert themselves in the process? Trust and safety — at least, according to the company. Because, as it is now, within milliseconds of an attempted purchase, Visa is able to sift through vast amounts of data to assess whether patterns imply there’s fraud or a sale going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Visa recognizes these patterns through our data. We understand the rhythms, and those rhythms are what enable us to build solutions that deliver better buyer experiences, that grow sales for sellers with less fraud, and less declines and more completed transactions,” McInerney explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving aside that last time you spotted fraud on your bill that your credit card issuer and Visa didn’t, there will be kinks to work out, said Dr. Jennifer King, a privacy and data policy fellow at the Stanford Center for Human Centered Artificial Intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s possible the first places where these [AI agents] work are trusted partners. So if I want my Starbucks latte to be ordered for me and ready every morning on my walk to work, I just pick it up. I know what it costs, and I’ll get the receipt from Starbucks eventually through my system. There’s no negotiation there. It’s just straightforward,” King said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With more complex or one-time purchases, it’s less clear whether AI shop bots can guarantee the consumer is getting a desirable deal. That’s because we’re all shopping in what’s called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036411/googles-ad-dominance-is-illegal-federal-judge-rules\">ad surveillance economy\u003c/a>, where thousands of companies you’ve never heard of buy and sell all sorts of personal data. That impacts the prices you’re offered through the growing practice of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028137/california-lawmakers-take-on-predatory-surveillance-pricing\">dynamic pricing\u003c/a>, where retailers sift through all that data to determine the highest price any individual consumer is likely to pay for a product and service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This ends up being a world potentially where consumers are captured even more than they are now, and are subject to higher prices and potentially deceptive conduct that they aren’t even seeing, because they’re no longer the one making the decision,” King said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There are so many sticky situations you can get into,” added David Harris, a senior policy advisor of the California Initiative for Technology and Democracy. Harris also lectures on AI ethics and social media at UC Berkeley’s Haas School of Business and previously worked as a research manager on the responsible AI team at Meta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris recalled the court case where Air Canada was \u003ca href=\"https://www.canlii.org/en/bc/bccrt/doc/2024/2024bccrt149/2024bccrt149.html\">ordered \u003c/a>to pay compensation after its AI chatbot misled a customer into believing he could get the difference between a full-price ticket and a discounted bereavement fare refunded. The airline tried to argue the bot was a “separate legal entity” that was “responsible for its own actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037518/newsom-signals-to-california-privacy-watchdog-that-hes-on-big-techs-side-on-ai-regulation\">paucity of regulatory oversight\u003c/a> and the slow and uneven response of courts, what hope do any of us have in this brave new world rolling out in the near future? Competition, said Dr. King.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of this is going to require trust. If you can’t trust these [AI] agents to operate on your behalf, people aren’t going to adopt them,” Dr. King said. “There’s been such a trust deficit in online services. This, to my mind, ups the ante. If people are finding out that they’re getting ripped off left and right by using these tools, they’re not going to use them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Visa, its pilot projects began this week, ahead of more widespread usage expected next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "on-may-day-bay-area-workers-protest-trump-labor-battles",
"title": "Bay Area Workers Defend Labor, Protest Trump on May Day",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area will be bustling with labor actions on Thursday, with thousands of workers and activists expected to take to the streets and picket lines across the region on a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/may-day\">May Day\u003c/a> that, for many, carries a heightened sense of urgency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Santa Rosa to San José, more than 50 marches and strikes are slated to take place — among thousands nationwide — many taking aim at the Trump administration’s bold efforts to fundamentally reshape American government and society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to work freely,” said Socorro Diaz, a housekeeper in Sonoma County. Diaz said she felt compelled to start organizing fellow workers, many of them immigrants, when the administration launched its sweeping immigration crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our rights as immigrants are human rights, and we want worker rights to be respected,” Diaz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many demonstrations are being organized by \u003ca href=\"https://maydaystrong.org/\">May Day Strong\u003c/a>, a national coalition of more than 160 grassroots organizations united in their opposition to the administration’s right-wing policies on everything from immigration and labor issues to health care access and education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, demonstrators are planning to march in the late afternoon from City Hall to the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement office downtown to show “we are all together as a working class and that immigrant workers are the backbone of our economy,” said Maria Moreno, an organizer for Jobs with Justice San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032407\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"732\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551-800x572.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551-160x114.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of University Professional and Technical Employees-CWA Local 9119 and AFSCME Local 3299 protest on West Chapman Avenue in front of UC Irvine Medical Center in Orange, California, on Feb. 26, 2025. AFSCME Local 3299 President Liz Perlman said Wednesday, ‘It’s the weight at the top that’s crushing the system,’ blaming the UC top brass for the hiring freeze. \u003ccite>(Paul Bersebach/MediaNews Group/Orange County Register via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“One historic thing that we’re doing this year is marching with every union in the city,” said Moreno, predicting that many workers who have never marched before will be galvanized to show up this year. “It’s to show solidarity across the movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, at UC Berkeley and UCSF, thousands of health care, research and technical workers are planning a one-day strike, accusing the University of California of unfair labor practices following last month’s announcement of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12032232/head-of-ucs-largest-union-blasts-top-brass-for-hiring-freeze-amid-massive-vacancy-crisis\">systemwide hiring freeze\u003c/a>. Some 60,000 workers in the UPTE-CWA 9119 and AFSCME Local 3299 — which includes social workers, pharmacists and IT workers — are expected to walk off their jobs at all 10 UC campuses across the state — in what will be their fourth strike since November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two unions have negotiated unsuccessfully with the UC system for months over new contracts. Both recently filed separate complaints to state workforce regulators alleging, among other things, that UC failed to provide notice of the hiring freeze or allow the unions to bargain over it in advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Russell, UPTE’s president and chief negotiator, and an IT worker at UC Berkeley, said the stalled contract negotiations and hiring freeze come amid a severe shortage of frontline workers at UC medical centers and other facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our workers have seen the impacts of short staffing for years now, with clinical trials being canceled or paused, clinics closing their doors to new patients, students waiting longer and longer for appointments with therapists, patients waiting longer and longer in emergency rooms,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12038227 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250428-OUSD-OFFICE-FILE-MD-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell said UC’s hiring freeze was ostensibly prompted by the Trump administration’s bid to slash billions in federal grants to universities. But, he noted, those cuts have so far been blocked by the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the university using ‘storm clouds’ on the horizon, even though there have not been significant financial cuts yet, as an excuse to deepen a crisis that they have created,” he said. “As a way to hoard billions in reserves and expand their market share.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, UC officials emphasized that the hiring freeze applies to future hires only and does not in any way impact the status of current employees. They also said they have consistently tried to negotiate “mutually beneficial contracts” with both unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are disappointed by the union’s continued choice of striking as a negotiation tactic,” UC said in a statement. “These strikes cost union members a full day of pay, and they cost the University system millions of dollars. This is especially harmful considering the current economic and fiscal uncertainty in higher education and nationally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a brighter note, the Oakland teachers union \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038227/oakland-teachers-strike-called-off-after-union-reaches-deal-school-district\">called off its planned May Day walkout\u003c/a> after reaching a last-minute tentative deal with the city’s school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the Oakland Education Association said the district agreed to maintain contracts for 120 high school teachers whose hours would have been reduced in next year’s budget to shrink the district’s deficit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campus-based substitute teachers, whose roles would have been centralized after this year as part of the proposed budget cuts, will also remain at their assigned school sites under the new $2.5 million deal with the Oakland Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This outcome reflects the power of educators standing together against cuts harmful to our goal of retaining experienced teachers in Oakland’s hardest-to-staff classrooms,” OEA President Kampala Taiz-Rancifer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The averted walkout would have been the fourth Oakland teachers’ strike since 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/fjhabvala\">\u003cem>Farida Jhabvala Romero\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/kdebenedetti\">\u003cem>Katie DeBenedetti\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Bay Area will be bustling with labor actions on Thursday, with thousands of workers and activists expected to take to the streets and picket lines across the region on a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/may-day\">May Day\u003c/a> that, for many, carries a heightened sense of urgency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Santa Rosa to San José, more than 50 marches and strikes are slated to take place — among thousands nationwide — many taking aim at the Trump administration’s bold efforts to fundamentally reshape American government and society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to work freely,” said Socorro Diaz, a housekeeper in Sonoma County. Diaz said she felt compelled to start organizing fellow workers, many of them immigrants, when the administration launched its sweeping immigration crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our rights as immigrants are human rights, and we want worker rights to be respected,” Diaz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many demonstrations are being organized by \u003ca href=\"https://maydaystrong.org/\">May Day Strong\u003c/a>, a national coalition of more than 160 grassroots organizations united in their opposition to the administration’s right-wing policies on everything from immigration and labor issues to health care access and education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, demonstrators are planning to march in the late afternoon from City Hall to the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement office downtown to show “we are all together as a working class and that immigrant workers are the backbone of our economy,” said Maria Moreno, an organizer for Jobs with Justice San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032407\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"732\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551-800x572.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2201544551-160x114.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of University Professional and Technical Employees-CWA Local 9119 and AFSCME Local 3299 protest on West Chapman Avenue in front of UC Irvine Medical Center in Orange, California, on Feb. 26, 2025. AFSCME Local 3299 President Liz Perlman said Wednesday, ‘It’s the weight at the top that’s crushing the system,’ blaming the UC top brass for the hiring freeze. \u003ccite>(Paul Bersebach/MediaNews Group/Orange County Register via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“One historic thing that we’re doing this year is marching with every union in the city,” said Moreno, predicting that many workers who have never marched before will be galvanized to show up this year. “It’s to show solidarity across the movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, at UC Berkeley and UCSF, thousands of health care, research and technical workers are planning a one-day strike, accusing the University of California of unfair labor practices following last month’s announcement of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12032232/head-of-ucs-largest-union-blasts-top-brass-for-hiring-freeze-amid-massive-vacancy-crisis\">systemwide hiring freeze\u003c/a>. Some 60,000 workers in the UPTE-CWA 9119 and AFSCME Local 3299 — which includes social workers, pharmacists and IT workers — are expected to walk off their jobs at all 10 UC campuses across the state — in what will be their fourth strike since November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two unions have negotiated unsuccessfully with the UC system for months over new contracts. Both recently filed separate complaints to state workforce regulators alleging, among other things, that UC failed to provide notice of the hiring freeze or allow the unions to bargain over it in advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Russell, UPTE’s president and chief negotiator, and an IT worker at UC Berkeley, said the stalled contract negotiations and hiring freeze come amid a severe shortage of frontline workers at UC medical centers and other facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our workers have seen the impacts of short staffing for years now, with clinical trials being canceled or paused, clinics closing their doors to new patients, students waiting longer and longer for appointments with therapists, patients waiting longer and longer in emergency rooms,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell said UC’s hiring freeze was ostensibly prompted by the Trump administration’s bid to slash billions in federal grants to universities. But, he noted, those cuts have so far been blocked by the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the university using ‘storm clouds’ on the horizon, even though there have not been significant financial cuts yet, as an excuse to deepen a crisis that they have created,” he said. “As a way to hoard billions in reserves and expand their market share.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, UC officials emphasized that the hiring freeze applies to future hires only and does not in any way impact the status of current employees. They also said they have consistently tried to negotiate “mutually beneficial contracts” with both unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are disappointed by the union’s continued choice of striking as a negotiation tactic,” UC said in a statement. “These strikes cost union members a full day of pay, and they cost the University system millions of dollars. This is especially harmful considering the current economic and fiscal uncertainty in higher education and nationally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a brighter note, the Oakland teachers union \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038227/oakland-teachers-strike-called-off-after-union-reaches-deal-school-district\">called off its planned May Day walkout\u003c/a> after reaching a last-minute tentative deal with the city’s school district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the Oakland Education Association said the district agreed to maintain contracts for 120 high school teachers whose hours would have been reduced in next year’s budget to shrink the district’s deficit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campus-based substitute teachers, whose roles would have been centralized after this year as part of the proposed budget cuts, will also remain at their assigned school sites under the new $2.5 million deal with the Oakland Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This outcome reflects the power of educators standing together against cuts harmful to our goal of retaining experienced teachers in Oakland’s hardest-to-staff classrooms,” OEA President Kampala Taiz-Rancifer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The averted walkout would have been the fourth Oakland teachers’ strike since 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/fjhabvala\">\u003cem>Farida Jhabvala Romero\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/kdebenedetti\">\u003cem>Katie DeBenedetti\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-regulators-move-roll-back-parts-controversial-clean-truck-rule",
"title": "California Regulators Move to Roll Back Parts of Controversial Clean Truck Rule",
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"headTitle": "California Regulators Move to Roll Back Parts of Controversial Clean Truck Rule | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California plans to erase parts of a rule created to clean up the state’s dirty air from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12032217/caltrans-launches-long-awaited-study-on-i-580-truck-ban-and-pollution-impact\">truck pollution\u003c/a>. The action comes in response to a lawsuit from the California Trucking Association and strong headwinds from the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/advanced-clean-fleets\">Advanced Clean Fleet rule\u003c/a>, adopted in 2023, would have phased out diesel trucks used by large companies, state and local governments, as well as ports and railroad yards. It would have eliminated new gas-fueled truck sales by 2036 and mandated that large trucking fleets go electric or hydrogen-powered by 2042.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the trade group’s lawsuit, the California Air Resources Board plans to propose repealing parts of the rule that applies to trucks serving ports, rail yards and large companies this year. California’s requirements that state and local governments increasingly move towards all-electric vehicles — and that all new truck sales be electric by 2036 — will remain, so long as the federal government approves that policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state adopted the clean truck regulation during the Biden administration, but did not get the necessary green light from the EPA before the Trump Administration took office this year. State officials withdrew their request for federal approval in January, meaning the state was largely unable to enforce the truck rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CARB confirmed the legal updates to KQED and a spokeswoman wrote that the agency “remains committed to protecting public health using new and alternative approaches,” in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re pleased to have reached agreement with the Air Resources Board on this stipulation,” Eric Sauer, head of the California Trucking Association, wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11930567\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Close-up of a hydrogen fuel cell truck driving on a road. According to the California Air Resources Board, heavy-duty fossil-fuel trucks spew 70% of the state’s smog-forming gases and 80% of carcinogenic diesel pollutants. \u003ccite>(Aranga87/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sam Wilson, who works on clean transportation at the Union of Concerned Scientists, called the move “disappointing,” but “more of an administrative action than anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The repeal of Advanced Clean Fleets has nothing to do with the rule’s real-world viability, but rather the political climate we find ourselves in today,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the rule would have accelerated the state’s transition to clean vehicles, Wilson is “confident that commercial vehicle electrification will continue, although at a slower pace.” The state can use other incentives to spur electric truck adoption, like requiring warehouses to track pollution and reduce it through electric heavy-duty vehicles, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court order between CARB and the California Trucking Association noted that the state will not require that new truck sales must be electric by 2036 without the approval of the federal government.[aside postID=news_12036063 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GavinNewsom1AP-1020x680.jpg']Wilson viewed the mention of the 2036 goal positively — a sign CARB officials were not abandoning the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Should the state officially remove the entire rule from California’s regulatory code, it would need to entirely rewrite a new version and relaunch a lengthy regulatory process to pursue similar actions in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CARB is also resolving litigation from trade groups representing railroads, which would have limited idling times and retired older locomotives, among other things. The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/reducing-rail-emissions-california/locomotive-fact-sheets\">rule\u003c/a> was aimed at reducing pollution from diesel-powered trains, but it also failed to receive EPA approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of planet-warming emissions produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions\">U.S.\u003c/a> come from transportation, and the same is true for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/ghg-inventory-graphs\">California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California was the first state to regulate tailpipe emissions in the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/history#:~:text=In%201966%20California%20established%20the,Air%20Resources%20Board%20was%20established.\">1960s\u003c/a>, as it struggled to bring harmful air pollution under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Richard Nixon signed the Clean Air Act into law in 1970, giving the EPA the authority to regulate air pollution from cars. The law bars states from enacting their own regulations, except California, given its unique air pollution problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880116\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880116\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880.jpg\" alt=\"Cars and trucks fill the lanes on I-80 near Berkeley on June 28, 2021. A ban against heavy trucks on I-580, another freeway running through Oakland, pushes most diesel truck traffic onto I-880.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cars and trucks fill the lanes on I-80 near Berkeley on June 28, 2021. A ban against heavy trucks on I-580, another freeway running through Oakland, pushes most diesel truck traffic onto I-880. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California’s standards must be at least as strict as federal law and are considered necessary “to meet compelling and extraordinary conditions.” While other states can’t set their own standards, they can adopt California’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA has granted California waivers for decades, with only one of its requests being initially denied in 2008 by the George W. Bush administration, then later granted by the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s EPA first revoked California’s waiver for tailpipe emissions in his first term, but California sued in response. That lawsuit became moot when Biden took office and reinstated the waiver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the final months of the Biden administration, the EPA approved two of California’s waivers, a ban on the sale of new gas-powered cars by 2035 and a regulation setting stricter emissions standards for heavy-duty trucks. However, the agency did not approve a handful of other waivers, including some applying to heavy-duty trucks and trains, before administrations changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The state withdrew the regulation from federal review in January as Trump was unlikely to support it. Now, California is moving to repeal parts of the directive from the state code. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California plans to erase parts of a rule created to clean up the state’s dirty air from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12032217/caltrans-launches-long-awaited-study-on-i-580-truck-ban-and-pollution-impact\">truck pollution\u003c/a>. The action comes in response to a lawsuit from the California Trucking Association and strong headwinds from the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/advanced-clean-fleets\">Advanced Clean Fleet rule\u003c/a>, adopted in 2023, would have phased out diesel trucks used by large companies, state and local governments, as well as ports and railroad yards. It would have eliminated new gas-fueled truck sales by 2036 and mandated that large trucking fleets go electric or hydrogen-powered by 2042.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the trade group’s lawsuit, the California Air Resources Board plans to propose repealing parts of the rule that applies to trucks serving ports, rail yards and large companies this year. California’s requirements that state and local governments increasingly move towards all-electric vehicles — and that all new truck sales be electric by 2036 — will remain, so long as the federal government approves that policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state adopted the clean truck regulation during the Biden administration, but did not get the necessary green light from the EPA before the Trump Administration took office this year. State officials withdrew their request for federal approval in January, meaning the state was largely unable to enforce the truck rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CARB confirmed the legal updates to KQED and a spokeswoman wrote that the agency “remains committed to protecting public health using new and alternative approaches,” in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re pleased to have reached agreement with the Air Resources Board on this stipulation,” Eric Sauer, head of the California Trucking Association, wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11930567\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/GettyImages-1396887368-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Close-up of a hydrogen fuel cell truck driving on a road. According to the California Air Resources Board, heavy-duty fossil-fuel trucks spew 70% of the state’s smog-forming gases and 80% of carcinogenic diesel pollutants. \u003ccite>(Aranga87/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sam Wilson, who works on clean transportation at the Union of Concerned Scientists, called the move “disappointing,” but “more of an administrative action than anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The repeal of Advanced Clean Fleets has nothing to do with the rule’s real-world viability, but rather the political climate we find ourselves in today,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the rule would have accelerated the state’s transition to clean vehicles, Wilson is “confident that commercial vehicle electrification will continue, although at a slower pace.” The state can use other incentives to spur electric truck adoption, like requiring warehouses to track pollution and reduce it through electric heavy-duty vehicles, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court order between CARB and the California Trucking Association noted that the state will not require that new truck sales must be electric by 2036 without the approval of the federal government.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Wilson viewed the mention of the 2036 goal positively — a sign CARB officials were not abandoning the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Should the state officially remove the entire rule from California’s regulatory code, it would need to entirely rewrite a new version and relaunch a lengthy regulatory process to pursue similar actions in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CARB is also resolving litigation from trade groups representing railroads, which would have limited idling times and retired older locomotives, among other things. The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/reducing-rail-emissions-california/locomotive-fact-sheets\">rule\u003c/a> was aimed at reducing pollution from diesel-powered trains, but it also failed to receive EPA approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of planet-warming emissions produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions\">U.S.\u003c/a> come from transportation, and the same is true for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/ghg-inventory-graphs\">California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California was the first state to regulate tailpipe emissions in the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/history#:~:text=In%201966%20California%20established%20the,Air%20Resources%20Board%20was%20established.\">1960s\u003c/a>, as it struggled to bring harmful air pollution under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Richard Nixon signed the Clean Air Act into law in 1970, giving the EPA the authority to regulate air pollution from cars. The law bars states from enacting their own regulations, except California, given its unique air pollution problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11880116\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11880116\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880.jpg\" alt=\"Cars and trucks fill the lanes on I-80 near Berkeley on June 28, 2021. A ban against heavy trucks on I-580, another freeway running through Oakland, pushes most diesel truck traffic onto I-880.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/trucks-I880-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cars and trucks fill the lanes on I-80 near Berkeley on June 28, 2021. A ban against heavy trucks on I-580, another freeway running through Oakland, pushes most diesel truck traffic onto I-880. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California’s standards must be at least as strict as federal law and are considered necessary “to meet compelling and extraordinary conditions.” While other states can’t set their own standards, they can adopt California’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA has granted California waivers for decades, with only one of its requests being initially denied in 2008 by the George W. Bush administration, then later granted by the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s EPA first revoked California’s waiver for tailpipe emissions in his first term, but California sued in response. That lawsuit became moot when Biden took office and reinstated the waiver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the final months of the Biden administration, the EPA approved two of California’s waivers, a ban on the sale of new gas-powered cars by 2035 and a regulation setting stricter emissions standards for heavy-duty trucks. However, the agency did not approve a handful of other waivers, including some applying to heavy-duty trucks and trains, before administrations changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A bill that would have lowered the statewide cap on rent increases won’t move forward in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california-assembly\">California Assembly\u003c/a> this year, but the effort isn’t over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Ash Kalra, D–San José, who authored the bill \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034212/california-lawmakers-push-lower-rent-cap-expand-protections-property-owners-worried\">dubbed the Affordable Rent Act\u003c/a>, said the push to further restrict how much landlords can raise the rent for long-term tenants and expand protections to more renters would become a two-year endeavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we enter an economic downturn and vulnerable Californians enter more dire financial situations, we must guide our policies with empathy for one another, especially as it pertains to keeping families in their homes,” he said in a statement after pulling the bill on Tuesday. “We must keep up the fight — housing is a human right!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite support from a swath of California Democrats, the bill faced strong opposition from state real estate agents and landlord associations, who argued that it would hamper development at a time when \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036934/california-lawmakers-push-housing-laws-to-boost-affordability\">California sorely needs new builds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would have amended the Tenant Protection Act of 2019, lowering the maximum annual rent increase from 10% to 5% for most multifamily rental properties in the state that are more than 15 years old. It would not have affected existing rent control ordinances in Bay Area cities, including San Francisco and San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The existing Tenant Protection Act includes other safeguards, such as requiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11945257/california-landlords-can-evict-renters-for-repairs-a-new-bill-could-limit-that\">just cause for evictions\u003c/a>, and will sunset in 2030. Kalra’s bill would have extended those protections to renters of single-family homes, whose properties are currently exempt, and made the legislation permanent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12034319\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A “For Rent” sign hangs in the window of an apartment building in Nob Hill in San Francisco on July 29, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Apartment Association, which represents owners, developers and landlords and has been a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12012553/californians-appear-to-reject-many-rent-control-measures\">staunch opponent of rent control efforts\u003c/a>, said in a statement that the Affordable Rent Act would “make it harder for housing construction to pencil out, target mom and pop landlords, and put government price controls on renting out your extra bedroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contingent appears to have swayed — or at least given pause to — enough members of the Assembly Judiciary Committee to halt the legislation. Kalra said discussions with its members and debate in the Housing and Community Development Committee, which passed the bill by a slim majority, both signaled that more time was needed to revise the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m concerned that elements of this bill could exacerbate our housing production concerns and have some potential unintended consequences in that vein,” Assemblymember Buffy Wicks, D-Oakland, said during the Housing and Community Development hearing on the bill last week. She ultimately voted to forward the legislation, but Democrats Anamarie Avila Farias and Lori Wilson joined three Republicans who voted against it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California YIMBY, a pro-development lobbying organization, raised similar concerns after the hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imposing increasingly strict price controls every few years could dissuade the housing production our state needs — addressing a symptom of the crisis while making the underlying disease worse,” the group said in a statement.[aside postID=news_12037474 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250425-SFSUStudentHousing-10-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']Shanti Singh, an advocate for Tenants Together, told KQED that the fear of slowing development is a common argument against tenant protections in Sacramento, but it isn’t realistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see that argument trotted out over and over and over again to the point where everything apparently blocks new housing,” she said. “Not just rent control, but just cause blocks new housing, changing the eviction process blocks new housing, giving tenants protection for retaliation for organizing blocks new housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really need to break out of that dichotomy. It’s a false one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said tenants’ advocates are disappointed but plan to bring the legislation back next session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are going to come back every single year until there is a resolution to this, because the rent cap, as it exists, expires in 2030, and we don’t want to wait for that,” she said. “There’s also issues that we’ve been trying to fix.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the current 10% cap, a tenant’s rent could double in just seven years, according to Singh. It also excludes renters of single-family homes. In 2022, 23% of single-family homes were rentals, according to census data \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2023/12/04/california-investors-are-shedding-rental-houses-its-a-national-trend-too/\">tracked by the \u003cem>Orange County Register\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People always rank [housing affordability] like the highest priority on the ground — to fix that — so we’re going to keep trying,” Singh said. “Still, it’s disappointing that the Legislature isn’t really taking this cost-of-living crisis seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/vrancano\">\u003cem>Vanessa Rancaño\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A bill that would have lowered the statewide cap on rent increases won’t move forward in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california-assembly\">California Assembly\u003c/a> this year, but the effort isn’t over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Ash Kalra, D–San José, who authored the bill \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034212/california-lawmakers-push-lower-rent-cap-expand-protections-property-owners-worried\">dubbed the Affordable Rent Act\u003c/a>, said the push to further restrict how much landlords can raise the rent for long-term tenants and expand protections to more renters would become a two-year endeavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we enter an economic downturn and vulnerable Californians enter more dire financial situations, we must guide our policies with empathy for one another, especially as it pertains to keeping families in their homes,” he said in a statement after pulling the bill on Tuesday. “We must keep up the fight — housing is a human right!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite support from a swath of California Democrats, the bill faced strong opposition from state real estate agents and landlord associations, who argued that it would hamper development at a time when \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036934/california-lawmakers-push-housing-laws-to-boost-affordability\">California sorely needs new builds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would have amended the Tenant Protection Act of 2019, lowering the maximum annual rent increase from 10% to 5% for most multifamily rental properties in the state that are more than 15 years old. It would not have affected existing rent control ordinances in Bay Area cities, including San Francisco and San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The existing Tenant Protection Act includes other safeguards, such as requiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11945257/california-landlords-can-evict-renters-for-repairs-a-new-bill-could-limit-that\">just cause for evictions\u003c/a>, and will sunset in 2030. Kalra’s bill would have extended those protections to renters of single-family homes, whose properties are currently exempt, and made the legislation permanent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12034319\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/024_SanFrancisco_Housing_07292021_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A “For Rent” sign hangs in the window of an apartment building in Nob Hill in San Francisco on July 29, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Apartment Association, which represents owners, developers and landlords and has been a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12012553/californians-appear-to-reject-many-rent-control-measures\">staunch opponent of rent control efforts\u003c/a>, said in a statement that the Affordable Rent Act would “make it harder for housing construction to pencil out, target mom and pop landlords, and put government price controls on renting out your extra bedroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contingent appears to have swayed — or at least given pause to — enough members of the Assembly Judiciary Committee to halt the legislation. Kalra said discussions with its members and debate in the Housing and Community Development Committee, which passed the bill by a slim majority, both signaled that more time was needed to revise the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m concerned that elements of this bill could exacerbate our housing production concerns and have some potential unintended consequences in that vein,” Assemblymember Buffy Wicks, D-Oakland, said during the Housing and Community Development hearing on the bill last week. She ultimately voted to forward the legislation, but Democrats Anamarie Avila Farias and Lori Wilson joined three Republicans who voted against it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California YIMBY, a pro-development lobbying organization, raised similar concerns after the hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imposing increasingly strict price controls every few years could dissuade the housing production our state needs — addressing a symptom of the crisis while making the underlying disease worse,” the group said in a statement.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Shanti Singh, an advocate for Tenants Together, told KQED that the fear of slowing development is a common argument against tenant protections in Sacramento, but it isn’t realistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see that argument trotted out over and over and over again to the point where everything apparently blocks new housing,” she said. “Not just rent control, but just cause blocks new housing, changing the eviction process blocks new housing, giving tenants protection for retaliation for organizing blocks new housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really need to break out of that dichotomy. It’s a false one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said tenants’ advocates are disappointed but plan to bring the legislation back next session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are going to come back every single year until there is a resolution to this, because the rent cap, as it exists, expires in 2030, and we don’t want to wait for that,” she said. “There’s also issues that we’ve been trying to fix.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the current 10% cap, a tenant’s rent could double in just seven years, according to Singh. It also excludes renters of single-family homes. In 2022, 23% of single-family homes were rentals, according to census data \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2023/12/04/california-investors-are-shedding-rental-houses-its-a-national-trend-too/\">tracked by the \u003cem>Orange County Register\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People always rank [housing affordability] like the highest priority on the ground — to fix that — so we’re going to keep trying,” Singh said. “Still, it’s disappointing that the Legislature isn’t really taking this cost-of-living crisis seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/vrancano\">\u003cem>Vanessa Rancaño\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Kids Are Talking to AI Companion Chatbots. Stanford Researchers Say That’s a Bad Idea.",
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"headTitle": "Kids Are Talking to AI Companion Chatbots. Stanford Researchers Say That’s a Bad Idea. | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Imagine you’re a lonely 14-year-old. Maybe you want to talk about sex. Maybe you want to complain about school or ask about the voices in your head. Whatever the case, it’s appealing to imagine a context in which no adult shuts down your curiosity — or worse, makes you feel awkward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this explains the popularity of online companions to children and teens. The chatbots mimic human social interaction in a more sophisticated fashion than digital assistants like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/openai\">OpenAI\u003c/a>’s ChatGPT or Amazon’s Alexa. Unlike those assistants, chatbots are much more likely to veer into socially controversial and even illegal territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion chatbot users can personalize their experience, like opting for characters from gaming, anime and pop culture. For instance, a 14-year-old boy from Florida \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034490/ai-companions-seductive-risk-teens-senators-want-more-guardrails\">took his own life last year\u003c/a> after growing emotionally close to a chatbot that mimicked the “Game of Thrones” character \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbuBfizSnPk\">Daenerys Targaryen\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The characters play along with the idea that they’re almost human, talking about eating meals or meeting up in real life, actively encouraging users to stay engaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What could go wrong with minors using this technology? Plenty, according to researchers from Stanford School of Medicine’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.stanfordbrainstorm.com\">Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation\u003c/a>, who collaborated with \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/ai-ratings/social-ai-companions?gate=riskassessment\">Common Sense Media\u003c/a> to set up test accounts for 14-year-olds, to evaluate how software from three different chatbot developers interacts with young people struggling to learn impulse control and social skills. They report that it took minimal prompting to get Character.AI, Nomi and Replika chatbots to engage in behavior harmful to human mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11146714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11146714 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Researchers from Stanford School of Medicine’s Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation, in collaboration with Common Sense Media, tested how chatbots interact with teens, finding that AI companions from Character.AI, Nomi and Replika quickly engaged in behavior potentially harmful to youth mental health — with major platforms like Snapchat and Meta also expanding their AI offerings for young users. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We did not have to do backflips to get the models to perform in the way that they did. The AI ‘friends’ will actively participate in sexual conversations and role play on any topic, with graphic details,” said Robbie Torney, Common Sense Media’s senior director for AI programs and project lead on what the nonprofit organization calls a risk assessment of the AI companion chatbot sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Character.AI, Nomi and Replika are not the only companies developing these products. Snapchat offers AI digital companions who are willing to \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/03/14/snapchat-myai/\">talk to teens\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/tech/ai/meta-ai-chatbots-sex-a25311bf\">Meta\u003c/a> is racing to catch up across Instagram, Facebook and WhatsApp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are countless other, similar social AI companions out there, with more being created every day,” the report states. “So, while we use examples from the specific products we tested to illustrate the potential harms of these tools, the research and evaluation we conducted for this risk assessment covers social AI companions more broadly.”[aside postID=science_1996504 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/03/IMG_0962-1020x765.jpg']The researchers argue that one of the most troubling features of companion chatbots is the way they are hardwired to be agreeable, engaging with a population of humans hardwired to be vulnerable. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nami.org/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/\">National Alliance on Mental Illness\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15939837\">50\u003c/a> percent of all mental disorders, like cutting, suicidal ideation and schizophrenia, begin by age 14, 75 percent by age 24.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chatbots “blur the line between fantasy and reality, at the exact time when adolescents are developing critical skills like emotional regulation, identity formation, and healthy relational attachment,” said Dr. Nina Vasan, a professor of psychiatry at Stanford University. “Instead of encouraging healthy real-world relationships, these AI friends pull users even deeper into artificial ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion chatbots, the researchers warn, are not prepared to replace parents or professionals in identifying the first signs of something that requires speedy and effective treatment. “In our testing, when a user showed signs of serious mental illness and suggested a dangerous action, the AI did not intervene. In fact, it encouraged dangerous behavior,” Vasan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AI companions reinforced users’ delusions, validating fears of being followed and offering advice on decoding imaginary messages, researchers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AI companions don’t understand the real consequences of bad advice. They readily, in our testing, supported teens in making potentially harmful decisions like dropping out of school, ignoring parents, moving out without planning,” Torney added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12036125\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12036125\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Meta, Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger and Threads logos are screened on a mobile phone on Jan. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beata Zawrzel/NurPhoto via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The timing of this release is no accident. Common Sense Media supports two state bills this legislative session that would ban or restrict interactions between AI companion bots and minors. The bills are among several state-level efforts by consumer advocates and lawmakers to regulate online kids’ safety after the federal Kids Online Safety Act died last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064&showamends=false\">AB 1064\u003c/a> by Rebecca Bauer-Kahan, D-Orinda, would ban access to AI companions for Californians age 16 and under, as well as create a statewide standards board to assess and regulate AI tools used by children. The bill passed the Assembly Judiciary Committee on Tuesday. It’s headed next to the Assembly Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243&showamends=false\">SB 243\u003c/a> by Sen. Steve Padilla, D-San Diego, would require the makers of AI companion bots to limit addictive design features, put in protocols in place for handling discussions of suicide or self-harm and undergo regular compliance audits. The bill goes before the State Judiciary Committee on Wednesday.[aside postID=news_12034490 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PadillaMentalHealthCaucus-1020x680.jpg']“We have been very transparent about the work we are doing to prioritize teen safety on our platform,” a spokesperson for Character.AI, which makes its products available to customers as young as 13 in the United States, said in a statement. “First and foremost, last year, we launched a separate version of our Large Language Model for under-18 users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That model is designed to further reduce the likelihood of users encountering, or prompting the model to return, sensitive or suggestive content,” the spokesperson continued. “We have updated prominent disclaimers to make it even clearer that the Character is not a real person and should not be relied on as fact or advice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Cardinell, the founder and CEO of Nomi, said the company agrees that “children should not use Nomi or any other conversational AI app.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nomi is an adult-only app, and it is strictly against our terms of service for anyone under 18 to use Nomi,” Cardinell said in an email. “Accordingly, we support stronger age gating so long as those mechanisms fully maintain user privacy and anonymity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Replika spokesperson said the company’s tool “has always been intended solely for adults aged 18 and over.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have strict protocols in place to prevent underage access. However, we are aware that some individuals attempt to bypass these safeguards by submitting false information,” the spokesperson wrote. “We take this issue seriously and are actively exploring new methods to strengthen our protections. This includes ongoing collaboration with regulators and academic institutions to better understand user behavior and continuously improve safety measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risk assessment authors did acknowledge that not all AI models are created equal in terms of functionality or guardrails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasan said she interacted with ChatGPT last summer, prompting it to respond to signs of schizophrenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was actually very gentle and compassionate about explaining what psychosis was, how the user should try to get help contacting a mental health professional,” Vasan said. “I was very pleasantly surprised to see it was really what one would expect a doctor or someone trained in mental health to say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Kids Are Talking to AI Companion Chatbots. Stanford Researchers Say That’s a Bad Idea. | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Imagine you’re a lonely 14-year-old. Maybe you want to talk about sex. Maybe you want to complain about school or ask about the voices in your head. Whatever the case, it’s appealing to imagine a context in which no adult shuts down your curiosity — or worse, makes you feel awkward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this explains the popularity of online companions to children and teens. The chatbots mimic human social interaction in a more sophisticated fashion than digital assistants like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/openai\">OpenAI\u003c/a>’s ChatGPT or Amazon’s Alexa. Unlike those assistants, chatbots are much more likely to veer into socially controversial and even illegal territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion chatbot users can personalize their experience, like opting for characters from gaming, anime and pop culture. For instance, a 14-year-old boy from Florida \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034490/ai-companions-seductive-risk-teens-senators-want-more-guardrails\">took his own life last year\u003c/a> after growing emotionally close to a chatbot that mimicked the “Game of Thrones” character \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbuBfizSnPk\">Daenerys Targaryen\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The characters play along with the idea that they’re almost human, talking about eating meals or meeting up in real life, actively encouraging users to stay engaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What could go wrong with minors using this technology? Plenty, according to researchers from Stanford School of Medicine’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.stanfordbrainstorm.com\">Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation\u003c/a>, who collaborated with \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/ai-ratings/social-ai-companions?gate=riskassessment\">Common Sense Media\u003c/a> to set up test accounts for 14-year-olds, to evaluate how software from three different chatbot developers interacts with young people struggling to learn impulse control and social skills. They report that it took minimal prompting to get Character.AI, Nomi and Replika chatbots to engage in behavior harmful to human mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11146714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11146714 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Researchers from Stanford School of Medicine’s Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation, in collaboration with Common Sense Media, tested how chatbots interact with teens, finding that AI companions from Character.AI, Nomi and Replika quickly engaged in behavior potentially harmful to youth mental health — with major platforms like Snapchat and Meta also expanding their AI offerings for young users. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We did not have to do backflips to get the models to perform in the way that they did. The AI ‘friends’ will actively participate in sexual conversations and role play on any topic, with graphic details,” said Robbie Torney, Common Sense Media’s senior director for AI programs and project lead on what the nonprofit organization calls a risk assessment of the AI companion chatbot sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Character.AI, Nomi and Replika are not the only companies developing these products. Snapchat offers AI digital companions who are willing to \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/03/14/snapchat-myai/\">talk to teens\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/tech/ai/meta-ai-chatbots-sex-a25311bf\">Meta\u003c/a> is racing to catch up across Instagram, Facebook and WhatsApp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are countless other, similar social AI companions out there, with more being created every day,” the report states. “So, while we use examples from the specific products we tested to illustrate the potential harms of these tools, the research and evaluation we conducted for this risk assessment covers social AI companions more broadly.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The researchers argue that one of the most troubling features of companion chatbots is the way they are hardwired to be agreeable, engaging with a population of humans hardwired to be vulnerable. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nami.org/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/\">National Alliance on Mental Illness\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15939837\">50\u003c/a> percent of all mental disorders, like cutting, suicidal ideation and schizophrenia, begin by age 14, 75 percent by age 24.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chatbots “blur the line between fantasy and reality, at the exact time when adolescents are developing critical skills like emotional regulation, identity formation, and healthy relational attachment,” said Dr. Nina Vasan, a professor of psychiatry at Stanford University. “Instead of encouraging healthy real-world relationships, these AI friends pull users even deeper into artificial ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion chatbots, the researchers warn, are not prepared to replace parents or professionals in identifying the first signs of something that requires speedy and effective treatment. “In our testing, when a user showed signs of serious mental illness and suggested a dangerous action, the AI did not intervene. In fact, it encouraged dangerous behavior,” Vasan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AI companions reinforced users’ delusions, validating fears of being followed and offering advice on decoding imaginary messages, researchers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AI companions don’t understand the real consequences of bad advice. They readily, in our testing, supported teens in making potentially harmful decisions like dropping out of school, ignoring parents, moving out without planning,” Torney added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12036125\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12036125\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Meta, Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger and Threads logos are screened on a mobile phone on Jan. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beata Zawrzel/NurPhoto via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The timing of this release is no accident. Common Sense Media supports two state bills this legislative session that would ban or restrict interactions between AI companion bots and minors. The bills are among several state-level efforts by consumer advocates and lawmakers to regulate online kids’ safety after the federal Kids Online Safety Act died last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064&showamends=false\">AB 1064\u003c/a> by Rebecca Bauer-Kahan, D-Orinda, would ban access to AI companions for Californians age 16 and under, as well as create a statewide standards board to assess and regulate AI tools used by children. The bill passed the Assembly Judiciary Committee on Tuesday. It’s headed next to the Assembly Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243&showamends=false\">SB 243\u003c/a> by Sen. Steve Padilla, D-San Diego, would require the makers of AI companion bots to limit addictive design features, put in protocols in place for handling discussions of suicide or self-harm and undergo regular compliance audits. The bill goes before the State Judiciary Committee on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We have been very transparent about the work we are doing to prioritize teen safety on our platform,” a spokesperson for Character.AI, which makes its products available to customers as young as 13 in the United States, said in a statement. “First and foremost, last year, we launched a separate version of our Large Language Model for under-18 users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That model is designed to further reduce the likelihood of users encountering, or prompting the model to return, sensitive or suggestive content,” the spokesperson continued. “We have updated prominent disclaimers to make it even clearer that the Character is not a real person and should not be relied on as fact or advice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Cardinell, the founder and CEO of Nomi, said the company agrees that “children should not use Nomi or any other conversational AI app.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nomi is an adult-only app, and it is strictly against our terms of service for anyone under 18 to use Nomi,” Cardinell said in an email. “Accordingly, we support stronger age gating so long as those mechanisms fully maintain user privacy and anonymity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Replika spokesperson said the company’s tool “has always been intended solely for adults aged 18 and over.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have strict protocols in place to prevent underage access. However, we are aware that some individuals attempt to bypass these safeguards by submitting false information,” the spokesperson wrote. “We take this issue seriously and are actively exploring new methods to strengthen our protections. This includes ongoing collaboration with regulators and academic institutions to better understand user behavior and continuously improve safety measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risk assessment authors did acknowledge that not all AI models are created equal in terms of functionality or guardrails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasan said she interacted with ChatGPT last summer, prompting it to respond to signs of schizophrenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was actually very gentle and compassionate about explaining what psychosis was, how the user should try to get help contacting a mental health professional,” Vasan said. “I was very pleasantly surprised to see it was really what one would expect a doctor or someone trained in mental health to say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "100-days-2-americas-assessing-the-impact-of-trumps-policies-on-california-and-texas",
"title": "100 Days, 2 Americas: Assessing the Impact of Trump’s Policies on California and Texas",
"publishDate": 1746032417,
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"headTitle": "100 Days, 2 Americas: Assessing the Impact of Trump’s Policies on California and Texas | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The 100-day marker for presidential administrations is really nothing more than that: A marker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The benchmark was established during Franklin D. Roosevelt’s first term because \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/04/23/525310208/the-first-100-days-presidential-benchmark-goes-back-to-fdr-and-napoleon\">he got a lot done\u003c/a> in those first few months as president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His moves in a relatively short amount of time — helped by a Congress controlled by Democrats — has since defined a period where presidents are expected to show what they are initially accomplishing in the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now it’s Trump’s turn, again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, we’ve witnessed a reshaping of how the United States \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/18/nx-s1-5357511/state-department-human-rights-report-cuts\">deals with the world\u003c/a>, a dismantling of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/18/nx-s1-5332274/judge-ruling-usaid-shutdown\">multiple federal agencies\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/15/nx-s1-5328721/reduction-in-force-rif-federal-workers-job-cuts-musk-doge-layoffs\">mass\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/shots-health-news/2025/04/18/nx-s1-5364544/fda-inspections-layoffs-food-and-drug-supply-less-safe\">layoffs\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/17/nx-s1-5349435/us-census-bureau-data-decennial\">government workers\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/14/nx-s1-5361461/fentanyl-medicaid-addiction\">deep cuts\u003c/a> to administrative functions and funds that support a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/24/nx-s1-5337999/elon-musk-doge-social-security-cuts\">variety of programs\u003c/a> that serve millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014668\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014668\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump arrives to deliver remarks about American energy production during a visit to the Double Eagle Energy Oil Rig on July 29, 2020, in Midland, Texas. \u003ccite>(Evan Vucci/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In these first 100 days, we’ve heard a lot from D.C. pundits. Today, we’re looking at how those decisions are hitting home. We’re focusing on two of America’s biggest and most complex states: Texas and California. Two states with enormous economic power, deep diversity and very different politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Texas, the Republican leadership controls \u003ca href=\"https://www.texasstandard.org/stories/donald-trump-texas-republicans-future-policy/\">both houses in the Legislature and the governor’s office\u003c/a>, and they’ve largely aligned themselves with President Trump’s second-term agenda. In California, where Democrats hold a supermajority, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036199/trumps-tariffs-could-wreck-californias-economy-the-state-is-suing\">state’s pushing back\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many cities across both Texas and California, you’ll find plenty of people who share a skepticism — if not scorn — for the second Trump administration. However, in more rural areas of both states, support for Trump’s direction is strong, especially when it comes to issues like immigration or cutting what some see as government waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, this change is happening so quickly that it can be hard to keep up. The ripple effects of mass layoffs, deportations and trade threats are making many people anxious, and that fear seems to be crossing clear party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Journalists at public radio stations and nonprofit newsrooms in California and Texas spoke with dozens of residents, reporters and political observers to dig into that uncertainty. Not just the economics, but across the board — where it’s coming from and what it means.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California, Texas respond to second Trump administration\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California and Texas are similar by size and population metrics, but politically, the two states are opposites. In the 2024 presidential election, for example, roughly 58.5% of Californians voted for Kamala Harris, while 56.14% of Texans voted for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Pineda is an associate professor of communications with a focus on politics at the University of Texas at El Paso. He said Texas leaders at all levels seem to be in “lockstep” with President Trump. But that’s not the case across the state, he added, especially in areas that tend to vote blue — like El Paso and Travis counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that there is a tremendous amount of concern about some of these changes, especially when you see shifts that are happening politically rolling into things like the University of Texas system,” Pineda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12037889 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1020x602.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some traditionally blue counties are starting to see increases in Republican voters, he added. That can be seen in \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2024/11/06/donald-trump-near-sweep-texas-border-counties/\">Starr, Hidalgo, Willacy and Cameron counties\u003c/a> — all of which are border counties that have historically voted blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not to a point that the county will change anytime soon, but even short shifts means that the state is becoming even redder than before,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Mitchell is the vice president of \u003ca href=\"https://politicaldata.com/\">Political Data, Inc.\u003c/a>, a voter data firm in California. He said the state, which was seen as the resistance state during Trump’s first term — filing \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/01/california-lawsuits-against-donald-trump/\">over 120 lawsuits against his administration\u003c/a> — hasn’t had the same “clear point of focus” this time around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of what Trump tried to do early on (in his first term) that really galvanized support from Democrats in California was he was trying to undo Obamacare,” Mitchell said. “In this first 100 days, you’ve seen him \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/03/newsom-transgender-athletes/\">go after transgender issues\u003c/a>, and a lot of Democrats don’t know necessarily what to do with that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the Californians polled by journalists working on this project expressed deep concern over the president’s actions, while others said they were “cautiously optimistic.” Some in the latter category suggested that their backing of President Trump had to do with frustration over state and local governments, more than the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell said the 2024 election came at the “perfect time” for those frustrated by these issues in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of voters saw what he was proposing as real action, where they look at California policy makers — whether they’re looking at the lack of action on high-speed rail or these other promises that lawmakers have made — and they say, ‘Well, they’re not delivering here in California, this guy is offering to make big real change,’” Mitchell said. “And I think that that was important to his victory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas is booming right now: There’s a huge \u003ca href=\"https://www.tpr.org/government-politics/2023-01-09/texas-has-an-unprecedented-budget-surplus-what-can-be-done-with-the-billions-of-dollars\">budget surplus\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.keranews.org/news/2024-12-02/texas-leads-nation-net-migration-census\">population is growing\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.houstonpublicmedia.org/articles/technology/2025/04/14/518779/nvidia-houston-ai-supercomputer-manufacturing-plant-amid-tariff-concerns/\">business is moving there\u003c/a>. In fact, Elon Musk has picked up \u003ca href=\"https://www.kut.org/business/2024-07-16/elon-musk-twitter-spacex-california-relocate-austin-texas\">most of his operations\u003c/a> and moved them out of California to Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038133\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP20089833722736-scaled-e1745962998545.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038133\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP20089833722736-scaled-e1745962998545.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1180\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vehicles merge onto I-10 on Sunday, March 29, 2020, in Orange, Texas, near the Louisiana border. \u003ccite>(AP Photo/David J. Phillip)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pineda said Texas business leaders have been encouraged by state leadership’s support of the Trump administration’s move to dismantle diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The governor and the lieutenant governor taking an active stance to try to undercut those [DEI practices] has allowed some businesses to move without having to worry about having those policies or maintaining those policies,” he said. “That then comes on top of the president pushing against these things, and that’s a good climate for these particular businesses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, overall, he said, growth hasn’t remained consistent for all regions of Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you’re seeing is developments in these sort of core communities, some of the bigger cities,” he said. “There’s still a lot of rural development that has not happened. We’ve looked to try to expand a \u003ca href=\"https://www.texasrailadvocates.org/post/txdots-2024-texas-rail-plan-to-be-released-by-years-end\">rail infrastructure\u003c/a> that seems to come up every couple of years and die down. I do think that the move to bring some of these companies in dovetails with limitations on previously held restrictions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Trade and tariffs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>President Trump is no stranger to tariffs — and the battles that come with changing them. During his first term, Trump imposed a number of tariffs on goods imported from China, \u003ca href=\"https://www.piie.com/blogs/trade-and-investment-policy-watch/2018/trumps-trade-war-timeline-date-guide\">sparking a trade war in 2018\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And starting on his first day back in the White House, Trump promised immediate action on the price of imported goods. Since then, news about tariffs has moved quickly. Over the last three months, Trump has imposed, rescinded and reinstated tariffs worldwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12037649 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250306-PORT-OF-OAKLAND-MD-02_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether tariffs are active or on hold, California and Texas will feel it. Of all the U.S. states, these two do the most trade with other countries — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/04/09/map-us-exports-to-china-states-agriculture\">China\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.worldatlas.com/economics/which-us-states-trade-the-most-with-mexico.html\">Mexico\u003c/a> and Canada are at the top of the list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas and Mexico’s economies are greatly intertwined — in 2023, trade between Texas and Mexico topped $272 billion, ranking \u003ca href=\"https://gov.texas.gov/uploads/files/business/Mexico-Profile.pdf\">Mexico as Texas’ no. 1 trading partner\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nmbia.org/about-us/board-of-directors/\">Jerry Pacheco\u003c/a>, president of the Border Industrial Association, said the first 100 days of the second Trump administration has felt like “chaos” for both himself and the members of his organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, my world has just been… I get up every day and wonder what’s going to happen,” Pacheco said. “Are we going to lose a prospect that we had close to signing the dotted line? Are we going to see businesses in our industrial base, related particularly to the automotive industry, shuttered?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has a similar trade relationship with Mexico, with a highly integrated supply chain that sees individual pieces of larger products often travel back and forth across the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tijuana, for example, hosts a number of car manufacturing plants, \u003ca href=\"https://www.toyota.com/usa/operations/map/tmmbc\">including one owned by Toyota\u003c/a>. But not all pieces of these vehicles are made in Mexico: Individual parts of each vehicle can cross the border multiple times — and there’s a tariff each time it crosses back and forth. Seat leather, for example, could be produced in one country, processed in another, then finished in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego business professionals echoed the sentiment of their counterparts in Texas, many of whom said they feel uncertain about the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a relationship with Mexico where we’re not just trading together, we’re producing together,” said Jessica Anderson, the interim CEO and president of the \u003ca href=\"https://sdchamber.org/about/team/jessica-anderson/\">San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce\u003c/a>. “This is not a tax on just Mexican companies. This is a tax on U.S. businesses and on U.S. companies directly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://data.imf.org/en/Data-Explorer?datasetUrn=IMF.RES:WEO(6.0.0)\">International Monetary Fund\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-state\">U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis\u003c/a> announced recently that California had surpassed Japan to become the \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/04/23/california-is-now-the-4th-largest-economy-in-the-world/\">fourth-largest economy\u003c/a> in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State legislative leaders say California’s booming economy is the driving force behind their \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/23/g-s1-62417/trump-tariff-lawsuits-states\">tariff-related lawsuit\u003c/a> against the Trump administration. They’ve also said the fluctuating stock market is a risk to California’s budget, which is highly dependent on income tax revenue from capital gains.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Immigration\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Within hours after his second inauguration in January, President Trump signed dozens of executive orders, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2025/02/07/donald-trump-immigration-executive-orders/\">10 aimed at the immigration system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP25115031458660-scaled-e1745963102151.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038131\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP25115031458660-scaled-e1745963102151.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A U.S. Border Patrol agent walks past four men being detained after crossing the border through a gap in the walls separating Mexico and the United States, Jan. 23, 2025, in San Diego. \u003ccite>(AP Photo/Gregory Bull)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among other actions, these orders pledge to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/data-graphics/us-immigration-tracker-follow-arrests-detentions-border-crossings-rcna189148\">detain and deport undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> accused of crimes and stop the resettlement of refugees from countries like Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of it has – or at least promises to have – a deep impact on Texas and California, hugely diverse states with some of the largest undocumented and refugee populations in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Response to these orders has been mixed, largely across party lines:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, I live here on the border and I’ve seen firsthand what happened the last several years with immigration, and now it’s the numbers have plummeted,” said Tim Wilkins of McAllen, Texas. “I mean, it’s almost zero activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that the Trump administration is handling this is frightening — deporting people to El Salvador and some of those people are not the gang members that they say they are and there’s no due process,” said Jane Demian, who lives in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, ICE raids and enforcement actions by federal agents in cities like San Diego, Pomona and Los Angeles have heightened fears in immigrant communities. In Texas, agents from multiple federal agencies \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2025/01/26/texas-immigration-deportation-ice-austin-san-antonio/\">began carrying out immigration enforcement operations\u003c/a> in late January in a number of cities, including Austin, Dallas-Fort Worth and San Antonio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reactions to these operations have mixed — Texans in conservative areas are largely supportive, while Texas immigration advocates and professionals are concerned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people in the immigrant community, many clients, fear for their future in this country, even lawful permanent residents and naturalized citizens,” said Irving-based immigration attorney \u003ca href=\"https://www.haimvasquezlegal.com/\">Haim Vasquez\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Inauguration Day, a number of university students have \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2025/04/09/texas-universities-international-students-legal-status/\">had their visas canceled\u003c/a>. Some international students around the country have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/international-students-revoked-visas-reasons-why-rcna200313\">even been detained\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of these California students are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034742/california-students-visa-cancellations-sue-trump-administration\">suing the Trump administration\u003c/a>. In recent days, a handful \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037662/ice-is-reversing-termination-of-legal-status-for-international-students-around-us-lawyer-says\">have won temporary restraining orders\u003c/a> with federal judges saying they must not be detained or deported while their cases are heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12037900 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/3527_transform-1440x960.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say everybody is scared right now,” Zahra Biloo, director for the \u003ca href=\"https://ca.cair.com/staff/zahra-billoo/\">Bay Area chapter of the Council on American Islamic Relations,\u003c/a> said. “The most challenging types of calls we are receiving are from U.S. citizens, and so I think to myself, if U.S. citizens with as much privilege and safety as they carry are scared, so, too, then are student visa-holders as well as undocumented students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California leaders are no strangers to taking action against the Trump administration. This time around, California Attorney General staff \u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2024/11/07/prepared-for-trumps-comeback-californias-attorney-general-is-ready-to-fight/\">began writing briefs before Inauguration Day\u003c/a>, and in early February, Gov. Gavin Newsom approved \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/02/newsom-lawsuit-fund-california-trump/\">$25 million to sue the Trump administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response from Texas leaders has looked a bit different: Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton announced recently that he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.keranews.org/government/2025-03-13/dallas-sanctuary-city-ken-paxton-investigation\">opening an investigation into the city of Dallas\u003c/a>, accusing it of having “sanctuary city” policies, or policies that would not allow city staff to cooperate with federal law enforcement in arresting or detaining undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Agriculture and business\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>All eyes are on the economy. The Trump administration’s approach to tariffs and other economic policies has a lot of people wondering where things are headed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some, that uncertainty brings on a whole lot of anxiety: “Because he enacted a policy that made me lose my job, yeah, I’m anxious, I’m worried, my budget’s completely changed, and, you know, [I’m] living off beans and rice,” said Benjamin Dechard of Austin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are bullish about the president’s actions: “People are willing to start investing again in their businesses, not holding cash back as a reserve, but now using this as an opportunity to make those investments,” said David Stein from Tyler, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agriculture is one business sector that’s got some questions. It’s a huge economic driver in both states: Texas sold about \u003ca href=\"https://www.texasstandard.org/stories/texas-farm-ranch-working-dogs/#:~:text=Texas%20livestock%20farms%3F-,Some%20ranchers%20are%20turning%20to%20dogs%20for%20help,work%20with%20sheep%20or%20cattle.\">$32 billion in agricultural products\u003c/a> in 2022, and California, the nation’s largest supplier, sold a little more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.nass.usda.gov/AgCensus/\">$59 billion worth of goods\u003c/a> in the same year. A big chunk of that money comes from exports to countries like Mexico, Canada, and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest exports coming out of Texas are \u003ca href=\"https://agrilifetoday.tamu.edu/2021/03/18/texas-tops-all-u-s-states-in-exports-for-19th-consecutive-year/\">beef and cotton\u003c/a>, amounting to roughly $2.6 billion every year. However, the state also imports and takes in a lot of goods, and farmers are concerned about tariffs affecting the cost to raise their crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038132\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP25117835043903-scaled-e1745963195295.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038132\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP25117835043903-scaled-e1745963195295.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers harvest cabbage on Wednesday, March 5, 2025, on a field less than ten miles from the border with Mexico, in Holtville, Calif. (AP Photo/Gregory Bull)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Materials like \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtnpf.com/agriculture/web/ag/crops/article/2025/04/09/uan32-continues-lead-higher-prices-8\">fertilizer\u003c/a>, insecticides, seeds and parts for farm equipment are imported and have begun to rise in price, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I apologize, I don’t mean to sound ignorant, but there’s probably more unknowns than known,” said Dale Murden, a citrus farmer in the Rio Grande Valley. “I’m like… ‘Uh, wait a minute, my fertilizer cost just tripled. Where’d that come from?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s been a lot of back and forth over tariffs. But the ongoing battle is with China, whose leaders responded with their own levies on U.S. goods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas sends a \u003ca href=\"https://stories.tamu.edu/news/2018/04/12/economist-china-commodities-tariffs-would-hit-texas-cotton-sorghum-hardest/\">large share of its cotton\u003c/a>, beef and rice to China. Market leaders are concerned that these U.S.-made goods may become prohibitively expensive for Chinese consumers, and push other exporting countries to swoop in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The last time there was a Trump tariff issue, cotton did get caught up in that, and it just caused this great reshuffle,” said \u003ca href=\"https://agecon.tamu.edu/people/robinson-john-r-c/\">John Robinson\u003c/a>, a cotton market specialist with Texas A&M University. “We actually sent more of our cotton to Vietnam, and Brazil took our market share formerly with China. Great big reshuffle. It’s inefficient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s largest exports are nuts and dairy — the state produces 80% of the world’s almonds — and a lot of that goes to China. Some California farmers share concerns about the state of the industry as tariffs are set to go into effect, though not all of them are sure of what to expect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenny Holtermann, a fourth-generation farmer in Kern County, said she’s “worried and sort of not worried,” though she ultimately supports Trump’s tariffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that even if her almond farm takes a hit, she’s hoping tariffs will bring business back to the U.S. However, she mentioned she is facing higher costs and she’s already made adjustments in her farm operations because of them. The last time Trump was president and imposed tariffs, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/04/tariffs-california-agriculture-wine/\">exports of California almonds and pistachios fell 20%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Holtermann said she’s in a better place than others because she has another job and doesn’t rely on the farm as her family’s sole income. Almonds are also not as perishable as other crops, so she has a little bit more flexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Eighty percent of the world’s supply of almonds come from California,” Holtermann said. “At some point, well, if they want almonds, they have to get them from California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Talley, who owns a \u003ca href=\"https://talleyfarms.com/\">medium-sized farm\u003c/a> that his grandfather started in the 1940s in Arroyo Grande, said he hasn’t seen a big direct impact yet because he sells most of his crops inside the U.S. However, he does sell spinach to Canada — and he’s planning on selling bell peppers in that market, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because the Trump administration is constantly changing its mind about the tariffs, he’s worried because, unlike almond-growers, his crops have a shorter shelf life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re highly perishable,” Talley said of his produce. “We don’t have the ability to hold our products for a month or two to wait for the tariffs to go away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the flip side, some folks in the agriculture business are seeing positive impacts as a result of tariffs. In Texas, people who harvest shrimp and oysters see the tariffs as a bulwark against overseas competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Education\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In March, the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced plans to cut a federal program that provides around \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/usda-cancels-local-food-purchasing-food-banks-school-meals/\">$660 million for schools\u003c/a> to buy fresh food directly from farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the Local Food for Schools program served up about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu/localfoodforschools.asp\">$23 million\u003c/a> of meals around the state. It was about the same amount of money for Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12038026 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240815-CITYATTORNEYDEEPFAKES-06-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both were part of a broader set of pandemic-era initiatives designed to address food insecurity and support local agriculture during COVID-19 disruptions. The USDA now said these programs no longer line up with priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These cuts have already begun affecting residents of both states. In California’s San Bernardino and Riverside counties, the program will expire at the end of this school year. More than $600,000 was awarded for the region to provide organic strawberries, citrus fruits, apples, and lettuce that ends up in school salads, along with produce like dragon fruit and bok choy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has attempted to recreate the program on its own, but schools have to apply to receive grant funding, while the federal program was opt-in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Texas, these federal grants amounted to less than a tenth of what state schools were previously spending for local food. However, if states don’t step in to subsidize these programs, some students could lose an important lifeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many farmers are in a tough situation because they’ve planted their crops with this program in mind. In one case, a California farmer plowed under fields of kale and collard greens because they were no longer contracted and replanted an easier crop to offload. In another case, a local poultry farm that had a contract to provide about 160 cases of chicken wings each month to a school stands to lose $13,000 a month in revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Overall impact on California and Texas? You tell us.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The idea for this joint statewide special developed during a transformative time for our country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collectively, it’s difficult — and perhaps even unfair — to find the right words that capture what is unfolding. It’s still too early to tell what the true impact will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know reactions in California and Texas are different — they’re bound to be — different states with different budget demands, different priorities, different cultures and different political views among the majority of voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, granular polling so far in both states is rather lean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what’s the impact of the first 100 days on California and Texas? You tell us. It’ll help us in our coverage going forward, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can reach the Texas Standard by emailing \u003ca href=\"mailto:texasstandard@kut.org\">texasstandard@kut.org\u003c/a> and the California Newsroom by emailing \u003ca href=\"mailto:CaliforniaNewsroom@kqed.org\">CaliforniaNewsroom@kqed.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from Angela Korcherga of KTEP in El Paso, Michael Marks of the Texas Standard, Levi Sumagaysay and Carolyn Jones of CalMatters in Sacramento, Stella Chávez of the Texas Newsroom, Gustavo Solis of KPBS in San Diego, Tyche Hendricks of KQED in San Francisco, and Jessica Greenwell of KVCR in Riverside, California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "In an hour-long special, the California Newsroom and the Texas Standard team up to examine how the Trump administration is changing life in two of the nation’s largest states.\r\n",
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"title": "100 Days, 2 Americas: Assessing the Impact of Trump’s Policies on California and Texas | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The 100-day marker for presidential administrations is really nothing more than that: A marker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The benchmark was established during Franklin D. Roosevelt’s first term because \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/04/23/525310208/the-first-100-days-presidential-benchmark-goes-back-to-fdr-and-napoleon\">he got a lot done\u003c/a> in those first few months as president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His moves in a relatively short amount of time — helped by a Congress controlled by Democrats — has since defined a period where presidents are expected to show what they are initially accomplishing in the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now it’s Trump’s turn, again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, we’ve witnessed a reshaping of how the United States \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/18/nx-s1-5357511/state-department-human-rights-report-cuts\">deals with the world\u003c/a>, a dismantling of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/18/nx-s1-5332274/judge-ruling-usaid-shutdown\">multiple federal agencies\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/15/nx-s1-5328721/reduction-in-force-rif-federal-workers-job-cuts-musk-doge-layoffs\">mass\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/shots-health-news/2025/04/18/nx-s1-5364544/fda-inspections-layoffs-food-and-drug-supply-less-safe\">layoffs\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/17/nx-s1-5349435/us-census-bureau-data-decennial\">government workers\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/14/nx-s1-5361461/fentanyl-medicaid-addiction\">deep cuts\u003c/a> to administrative functions and funds that support a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/24/nx-s1-5337999/elon-musk-doge-social-security-cuts\">variety of programs\u003c/a> that serve millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014668\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014668\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/TrumpOilGasRegulationsAP-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump arrives to deliver remarks about American energy production during a visit to the Double Eagle Energy Oil Rig on July 29, 2020, in Midland, Texas. \u003ccite>(Evan Vucci/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In these first 100 days, we’ve heard a lot from D.C. pundits. Today, we’re looking at how those decisions are hitting home. We’re focusing on two of America’s biggest and most complex states: Texas and California. Two states with enormous economic power, deep diversity and very different politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Texas, the Republican leadership controls \u003ca href=\"https://www.texasstandard.org/stories/donald-trump-texas-republicans-future-policy/\">both houses in the Legislature and the governor’s office\u003c/a>, and they’ve largely aligned themselves with President Trump’s second-term agenda. In California, where Democrats hold a supermajority, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036199/trumps-tariffs-could-wreck-californias-economy-the-state-is-suing\">state’s pushing back\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many cities across both Texas and California, you’ll find plenty of people who share a skepticism — if not scorn — for the second Trump administration. However, in more rural areas of both states, support for Trump’s direction is strong, especially when it comes to issues like immigration or cutting what some see as government waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, this change is happening so quickly that it can be hard to keep up. The ripple effects of mass layoffs, deportations and trade threats are making many people anxious, and that fear seems to be crossing clear party lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Journalists at public radio stations and nonprofit newsrooms in California and Texas spoke with dozens of residents, reporters and political observers to dig into that uncertainty. Not just the economics, but across the board — where it’s coming from and what it means.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California, Texas respond to second Trump administration\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California and Texas are similar by size and population metrics, but politically, the two states are opposites. In the 2024 presidential election, for example, roughly 58.5% of Californians voted for Kamala Harris, while 56.14% of Texans voted for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Pineda is an associate professor of communications with a focus on politics at the University of Texas at El Paso. He said Texas leaders at all levels seem to be in “lockstep” with President Trump. But that’s not the case across the state, he added, especially in areas that tend to vote blue — like El Paso and Travis counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that there is a tremendous amount of concern about some of these changes, especially when you see shifts that are happening politically rolling into things like the University of Texas system,” Pineda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some traditionally blue counties are starting to see increases in Republican voters, he added. That can be seen in \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2024/11/06/donald-trump-near-sweep-texas-border-counties/\">Starr, Hidalgo, Willacy and Cameron counties\u003c/a> — all of which are border counties that have historically voted blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not to a point that the county will change anytime soon, but even short shifts means that the state is becoming even redder than before,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Mitchell is the vice president of \u003ca href=\"https://politicaldata.com/\">Political Data, Inc.\u003c/a>, a voter data firm in California. He said the state, which was seen as the resistance state during Trump’s first term — filing \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/01/california-lawsuits-against-donald-trump/\">over 120 lawsuits against his administration\u003c/a> — hasn’t had the same “clear point of focus” this time around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of what Trump tried to do early on (in his first term) that really galvanized support from Democrats in California was he was trying to undo Obamacare,” Mitchell said. “In this first 100 days, you’ve seen him \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/03/newsom-transgender-athletes/\">go after transgender issues\u003c/a>, and a lot of Democrats don’t know necessarily what to do with that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the Californians polled by journalists working on this project expressed deep concern over the president’s actions, while others said they were “cautiously optimistic.” Some in the latter category suggested that their backing of President Trump had to do with frustration over state and local governments, more than the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell said the 2024 election came at the “perfect time” for those frustrated by these issues in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of voters saw what he was proposing as real action, where they look at California policy makers — whether they’re looking at the lack of action on high-speed rail or these other promises that lawmakers have made — and they say, ‘Well, they’re not delivering here in California, this guy is offering to make big real change,’” Mitchell said. “And I think that that was important to his victory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas is booming right now: There’s a huge \u003ca href=\"https://www.tpr.org/government-politics/2023-01-09/texas-has-an-unprecedented-budget-surplus-what-can-be-done-with-the-billions-of-dollars\">budget surplus\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.keranews.org/news/2024-12-02/texas-leads-nation-net-migration-census\">population is growing\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.houstonpublicmedia.org/articles/technology/2025/04/14/518779/nvidia-houston-ai-supercomputer-manufacturing-plant-amid-tariff-concerns/\">business is moving there\u003c/a>. In fact, Elon Musk has picked up \u003ca href=\"https://www.kut.org/business/2024-07-16/elon-musk-twitter-spacex-california-relocate-austin-texas\">most of his operations\u003c/a> and moved them out of California to Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038133\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP20089833722736-scaled-e1745962998545.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038133\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP20089833722736-scaled-e1745962998545.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1180\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vehicles merge onto I-10 on Sunday, March 29, 2020, in Orange, Texas, near the Louisiana border. \u003ccite>(AP Photo/David J. Phillip)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pineda said Texas business leaders have been encouraged by state leadership’s support of the Trump administration’s move to dismantle diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The governor and the lieutenant governor taking an active stance to try to undercut those [DEI practices] has allowed some businesses to move without having to worry about having those policies or maintaining those policies,” he said. “That then comes on top of the president pushing against these things, and that’s a good climate for these particular businesses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, overall, he said, growth hasn’t remained consistent for all regions of Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you’re seeing is developments in these sort of core communities, some of the bigger cities,” he said. “There’s still a lot of rural development that has not happened. We’ve looked to try to expand a \u003ca href=\"https://www.texasrailadvocates.org/post/txdots-2024-texas-rail-plan-to-be-released-by-years-end\">rail infrastructure\u003c/a> that seems to come up every couple of years and die down. I do think that the move to bring some of these companies in dovetails with limitations on previously held restrictions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Trade and tariffs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>President Trump is no stranger to tariffs — and the battles that come with changing them. During his first term, Trump imposed a number of tariffs on goods imported from China, \u003ca href=\"https://www.piie.com/blogs/trade-and-investment-policy-watch/2018/trumps-trade-war-timeline-date-guide\">sparking a trade war in 2018\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And starting on his first day back in the White House, Trump promised immediate action on the price of imported goods. Since then, news about tariffs has moved quickly. Over the last three months, Trump has imposed, rescinded and reinstated tariffs worldwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether tariffs are active or on hold, California and Texas will feel it. Of all the U.S. states, these two do the most trade with other countries — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/04/09/map-us-exports-to-china-states-agriculture\">China\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.worldatlas.com/economics/which-us-states-trade-the-most-with-mexico.html\">Mexico\u003c/a> and Canada are at the top of the list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas and Mexico’s economies are greatly intertwined — in 2023, trade between Texas and Mexico topped $272 billion, ranking \u003ca href=\"https://gov.texas.gov/uploads/files/business/Mexico-Profile.pdf\">Mexico as Texas’ no. 1 trading partner\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nmbia.org/about-us/board-of-directors/\">Jerry Pacheco\u003c/a>, president of the Border Industrial Association, said the first 100 days of the second Trump administration has felt like “chaos” for both himself and the members of his organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, my world has just been… I get up every day and wonder what’s going to happen,” Pacheco said. “Are we going to lose a prospect that we had close to signing the dotted line? Are we going to see businesses in our industrial base, related particularly to the automotive industry, shuttered?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has a similar trade relationship with Mexico, with a highly integrated supply chain that sees individual pieces of larger products often travel back and forth across the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tijuana, for example, hosts a number of car manufacturing plants, \u003ca href=\"https://www.toyota.com/usa/operations/map/tmmbc\">including one owned by Toyota\u003c/a>. But not all pieces of these vehicles are made in Mexico: Individual parts of each vehicle can cross the border multiple times — and there’s a tariff each time it crosses back and forth. Seat leather, for example, could be produced in one country, processed in another, then finished in another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego business professionals echoed the sentiment of their counterparts in Texas, many of whom said they feel uncertain about the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a relationship with Mexico where we’re not just trading together, we’re producing together,” said Jessica Anderson, the interim CEO and president of the \u003ca href=\"https://sdchamber.org/about/team/jessica-anderson/\">San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce\u003c/a>. “This is not a tax on just Mexican companies. This is a tax on U.S. businesses and on U.S. companies directly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://data.imf.org/en/Data-Explorer?datasetUrn=IMF.RES:WEO(6.0.0)\">International Monetary Fund\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-state\">U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis\u003c/a> announced recently that California had surpassed Japan to become the \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/04/23/california-is-now-the-4th-largest-economy-in-the-world/\">fourth-largest economy\u003c/a> in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State legislative leaders say California’s booming economy is the driving force behind their \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/23/g-s1-62417/trump-tariff-lawsuits-states\">tariff-related lawsuit\u003c/a> against the Trump administration. They’ve also said the fluctuating stock market is a risk to California’s budget, which is highly dependent on income tax revenue from capital gains.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Immigration\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Within hours after his second inauguration in January, President Trump signed dozens of executive orders, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2025/02/07/donald-trump-immigration-executive-orders/\">10 aimed at the immigration system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP25115031458660-scaled-e1745963102151.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038131\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP25115031458660-scaled-e1745963102151.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A U.S. Border Patrol agent walks past four men being detained after crossing the border through a gap in the walls separating Mexico and the United States, Jan. 23, 2025, in San Diego. \u003ccite>(AP Photo/Gregory Bull)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among other actions, these orders pledge to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/data-graphics/us-immigration-tracker-follow-arrests-detentions-border-crossings-rcna189148\">detain and deport undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> accused of crimes and stop the resettlement of refugees from countries like Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of it has – or at least promises to have – a deep impact on Texas and California, hugely diverse states with some of the largest undocumented and refugee populations in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Response to these orders has been mixed, largely across party lines:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, I live here on the border and I’ve seen firsthand what happened the last several years with immigration, and now it’s the numbers have plummeted,” said Tim Wilkins of McAllen, Texas. “I mean, it’s almost zero activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that the Trump administration is handling this is frightening — deporting people to El Salvador and some of those people are not the gang members that they say they are and there’s no due process,” said Jane Demian, who lives in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, ICE raids and enforcement actions by federal agents in cities like San Diego, Pomona and Los Angeles have heightened fears in immigrant communities. In Texas, agents from multiple federal agencies \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2025/01/26/texas-immigration-deportation-ice-austin-san-antonio/\">began carrying out immigration enforcement operations\u003c/a> in late January in a number of cities, including Austin, Dallas-Fort Worth and San Antonio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reactions to these operations have mixed — Texans in conservative areas are largely supportive, while Texas immigration advocates and professionals are concerned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people in the immigrant community, many clients, fear for their future in this country, even lawful permanent residents and naturalized citizens,” said Irving-based immigration attorney \u003ca href=\"https://www.haimvasquezlegal.com/\">Haim Vasquez\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Inauguration Day, a number of university students have \u003ca href=\"https://www.texastribune.org/2025/04/09/texas-universities-international-students-legal-status/\">had their visas canceled\u003c/a>. Some international students around the country have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/international-students-revoked-visas-reasons-why-rcna200313\">even been detained\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of these California students are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034742/california-students-visa-cancellations-sue-trump-administration\">suing the Trump administration\u003c/a>. In recent days, a handful \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037662/ice-is-reversing-termination-of-legal-status-for-international-students-around-us-lawyer-says\">have won temporary restraining orders\u003c/a> with federal judges saying they must not be detained or deported while their cases are heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say everybody is scared right now,” Zahra Biloo, director for the \u003ca href=\"https://ca.cair.com/staff/zahra-billoo/\">Bay Area chapter of the Council on American Islamic Relations,\u003c/a> said. “The most challenging types of calls we are receiving are from U.S. citizens, and so I think to myself, if U.S. citizens with as much privilege and safety as they carry are scared, so, too, then are student visa-holders as well as undocumented students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California leaders are no strangers to taking action against the Trump administration. This time around, California Attorney General staff \u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2024/11/07/prepared-for-trumps-comeback-californias-attorney-general-is-ready-to-fight/\">began writing briefs before Inauguration Day\u003c/a>, and in early February, Gov. Gavin Newsom approved \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/02/newsom-lawsuit-fund-california-trump/\">$25 million to sue the Trump administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The response from Texas leaders has looked a bit different: Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton announced recently that he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.keranews.org/government/2025-03-13/dallas-sanctuary-city-ken-paxton-investigation\">opening an investigation into the city of Dallas\u003c/a>, accusing it of having “sanctuary city” policies, or policies that would not allow city staff to cooperate with federal law enforcement in arresting or detaining undocumented immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Agriculture and business\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>All eyes are on the economy. The Trump administration’s approach to tariffs and other economic policies has a lot of people wondering where things are headed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some, that uncertainty brings on a whole lot of anxiety: “Because he enacted a policy that made me lose my job, yeah, I’m anxious, I’m worried, my budget’s completely changed, and, you know, [I’m] living off beans and rice,” said Benjamin Dechard of Austin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are bullish about the president’s actions: “People are willing to start investing again in their businesses, not holding cash back as a reserve, but now using this as an opportunity to make those investments,” said David Stein from Tyler, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agriculture is one business sector that’s got some questions. It’s a huge economic driver in both states: Texas sold about \u003ca href=\"https://www.texasstandard.org/stories/texas-farm-ranch-working-dogs/#:~:text=Texas%20livestock%20farms%3F-,Some%20ranchers%20are%20turning%20to%20dogs%20for%20help,work%20with%20sheep%20or%20cattle.\">$32 billion in agricultural products\u003c/a> in 2022, and California, the nation’s largest supplier, sold a little more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.nass.usda.gov/AgCensus/\">$59 billion worth of goods\u003c/a> in the same year. A big chunk of that money comes from exports to countries like Mexico, Canada, and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest exports coming out of Texas are \u003ca href=\"https://agrilifetoday.tamu.edu/2021/03/18/texas-tops-all-u-s-states-in-exports-for-19th-consecutive-year/\">beef and cotton\u003c/a>, amounting to roughly $2.6 billion every year. However, the state also imports and takes in a lot of goods, and farmers are concerned about tariffs affecting the cost to raise their crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038132\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP25117835043903-scaled-e1745963195295.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038132\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/AP25117835043903-scaled-e1745963195295.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers harvest cabbage on Wednesday, March 5, 2025, on a field less than ten miles from the border with Mexico, in Holtville, Calif. (AP Photo/Gregory Bull)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Materials like \u003ca href=\"https://www.dtnpf.com/agriculture/web/ag/crops/article/2025/04/09/uan32-continues-lead-higher-prices-8\">fertilizer\u003c/a>, insecticides, seeds and parts for farm equipment are imported and have begun to rise in price, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I apologize, I don’t mean to sound ignorant, but there’s probably more unknowns than known,” said Dale Murden, a citrus farmer in the Rio Grande Valley. “I’m like… ‘Uh, wait a minute, my fertilizer cost just tripled. Where’d that come from?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s been a lot of back and forth over tariffs. But the ongoing battle is with China, whose leaders responded with their own levies on U.S. goods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas sends a \u003ca href=\"https://stories.tamu.edu/news/2018/04/12/economist-china-commodities-tariffs-would-hit-texas-cotton-sorghum-hardest/\">large share of its cotton\u003c/a>, beef and rice to China. Market leaders are concerned that these U.S.-made goods may become prohibitively expensive for Chinese consumers, and push other exporting countries to swoop in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The last time there was a Trump tariff issue, cotton did get caught up in that, and it just caused this great reshuffle,” said \u003ca href=\"https://agecon.tamu.edu/people/robinson-john-r-c/\">John Robinson\u003c/a>, a cotton market specialist with Texas A&M University. “We actually sent more of our cotton to Vietnam, and Brazil took our market share formerly with China. Great big reshuffle. It’s inefficient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s largest exports are nuts and dairy — the state produces 80% of the world’s almonds — and a lot of that goes to China. Some California farmers share concerns about the state of the industry as tariffs are set to go into effect, though not all of them are sure of what to expect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenny Holtermann, a fourth-generation farmer in Kern County, said she’s “worried and sort of not worried,” though she ultimately supports Trump’s tariffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that even if her almond farm takes a hit, she’s hoping tariffs will bring business back to the U.S. However, she mentioned she is facing higher costs and she’s already made adjustments in her farm operations because of them. The last time Trump was president and imposed tariffs, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/04/tariffs-california-agriculture-wine/\">exports of California almonds and pistachios fell 20%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Holtermann said she’s in a better place than others because she has another job and doesn’t rely on the farm as her family’s sole income. Almonds are also not as perishable as other crops, so she has a little bit more flexibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Eighty percent of the world’s supply of almonds come from California,” Holtermann said. “At some point, well, if they want almonds, they have to get them from California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Talley, who owns a \u003ca href=\"https://talleyfarms.com/\">medium-sized farm\u003c/a> that his grandfather started in the 1940s in Arroyo Grande, said he hasn’t seen a big direct impact yet because he sells most of his crops inside the U.S. However, he does sell spinach to Canada — and he’s planning on selling bell peppers in that market, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because the Trump administration is constantly changing its mind about the tariffs, he’s worried because, unlike almond-growers, his crops have a shorter shelf life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re highly perishable,” Talley said of his produce. “We don’t have the ability to hold our products for a month or two to wait for the tariffs to go away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the flip side, some folks in the agriculture business are seeing positive impacts as a result of tariffs. In Texas, people who harvest shrimp and oysters see the tariffs as a bulwark against overseas competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Education\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In March, the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced plans to cut a federal program that provides around \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/usda-cancels-local-food-purchasing-food-banks-school-meals/\">$660 million for schools\u003c/a> to buy fresh food directly from farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the Local Food for Schools program served up about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu/localfoodforschools.asp\">$23 million\u003c/a> of meals around the state. It was about the same amount of money for Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both were part of a broader set of pandemic-era initiatives designed to address food insecurity and support local agriculture during COVID-19 disruptions. The USDA now said these programs no longer line up with priorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These cuts have already begun affecting residents of both states. In California’s San Bernardino and Riverside counties, the program will expire at the end of this school year. More than $600,000 was awarded for the region to provide organic strawberries, citrus fruits, apples, and lettuce that ends up in school salads, along with produce like dragon fruit and bok choy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has attempted to recreate the program on its own, but schools have to apply to receive grant funding, while the federal program was opt-in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Texas, these federal grants amounted to less than a tenth of what state schools were previously spending for local food. However, if states don’t step in to subsidize these programs, some students could lose an important lifeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many farmers are in a tough situation because they’ve planted their crops with this program in mind. In one case, a California farmer plowed under fields of kale and collard greens because they were no longer contracted and replanted an easier crop to offload. In another case, a local poultry farm that had a contract to provide about 160 cases of chicken wings each month to a school stands to lose $13,000 a month in revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Overall impact on California and Texas? You tell us.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The idea for this joint statewide special developed during a transformative time for our country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collectively, it’s difficult — and perhaps even unfair — to find the right words that capture what is unfolding. It’s still too early to tell what the true impact will be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know reactions in California and Texas are different — they’re bound to be — different states with different budget demands, different priorities, different cultures and different political views among the majority of voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, granular polling so far in both states is rather lean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what’s the impact of the first 100 days on California and Texas? You tell us. It’ll help us in our coverage going forward, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can reach the Texas Standard by emailing \u003ca href=\"mailto:texasstandard@kut.org\">texasstandard@kut.org\u003c/a> and the California Newsroom by emailing \u003ca href=\"mailto:CaliforniaNewsroom@kqed.org\">CaliforniaNewsroom@kqed.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from Angela Korcherga of KTEP in El Paso, Michael Marks of the Texas Standard, Levi Sumagaysay and Carolyn Jones of CalMatters in Sacramento, Stella Chávez of the Texas Newsroom, Gustavo Solis of KPBS in San Diego, Tyche Hendricks of KQED in San Francisco, and Jessica Greenwell of KVCR in Riverside, California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "san-francisco-chinatown-leaders-push-back-against-trumps-trade-war",
"title": "San Francisco Chinatown Leaders Push Back Against Trump’s Trade War",
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"headTitle": "San Francisco Chinatown Leaders Push Back Against Trump’s Trade War | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036939/san-francisco-chinatown-businesses-survival-mode-trade-war\">trade war\u003c/a> with China could prove to be even more devastating to businesses in San Francisco’s Chinatown than the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s according to Donald Luu, president of the San Francisco Chinese Chamber of Commerce, who told KQED \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">the administration’s\u003c/a> steep tariffs on Chinese goods — of up to 145% — are creating a nearly impossible situation for the more than 1,000 mostly small businesses in this historic immigrant community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking at a Tuesday press event on Clay Street, in the heart of Chinatown, Luu said about 90% of goods sold there are from China, and the tariffs have already forced many merchants to raise their prices by at least 30%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With this economic trade war, we feel that the effect’s going to be long-lasting and it’s going to threaten the very fabric of Chinatown,” said Luu, flanked by local business leaders and state Assemblymember Matt Haney, who represents the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Magan Li, the owner of Lion Trading, which sells religious and spiritual items, said nearly all the products lining her shelves come from China. As costs skyrocket, she said she can only increase prices so much before customers refuse to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037241\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037241\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grant Avenue in San Francisco’s Chinatown neighborhood on April 21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a very, very big blow to our small business,” said Li in Cantonese. “We’re at risk of losing the traditions that the community has spent so much time protecting. And so I hope that the government will work something out and help small businesses like us to continue to thrive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese exports to the U.S. have plummeted amid the administration’s outsized tariffs (and China’s reciprocal 125% import duties on U.S. products), prompting major U.S. retailers and small businesses alike to sound the alarm about imminent \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/china-exports-to-us-drop-sharply/\">supply shortages\u003c/a>. The Port of Los Angeles, a major entry point for Chinese goods, has seen that drop firsthand, leading its director to recently predict that cargo shipments to the port will drop by 35% within a few weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of that bodes well for businesses in San Francisco’s Chinatown, the oldest and largest of its kind in the country, which has been reluctantly thrust onto the frontlines of Trump’s escalating trade war.[aside postID=news_12036939 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-32-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg']“I think Chinatown is at the center of why these tariffs are so harmful and how devastating they’re going to be — not to another country’s government, but to us here, in our country,” Haney said on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many products sold here can’t be found anywhere else in the city, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a direct attack on these businesses, and it’s a direct attack on our residents who rely on this community,” Haney said. “This is where they get their medicine. This is where they get their clothing. This is where they get their goods to cook.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haney said that if the administration refuses to relent on the tariffs, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> has indicated he would begin negotiating directly with China on a California trade agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unfortunate that California is increasingly having to act like our own country, negotiating trade agreements with countries and trying to find ways to reduce the cost of these imports,” said Haney, who noted California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036199/trumps-tariffs-could-wreck-californias-economy-the-state-is-suing\">recent lawsuit\u003c/a> against the administration over the tariffs. “Because our businesses, our economy, cannot survive without these imports, especially coming from Asia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trade war has pushed Chinatown merchants into an existential crisis, Malcolm Yeung, executive director of the Chinatown Community Development Center, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036939/san-francisco-chinatown-businesses-survival-mode-trade-war\">told KQED\u003c/a> for a recent story profiling several local business owners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ This has always been a community that has been built around trade,” he said, noting the resiliency of the district throughout its long history. “Trade created an opportunity for upward economic mobility for people through owning stores, or by leveraging relationships that they have back in China.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/camiiddominguez\">\u003cem>Cami Dominguez\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/adahlstromeckman\">\u003cem>Azul Dahlstrom-Eckman\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036939/san-francisco-chinatown-businesses-survival-mode-trade-war\">trade war\u003c/a> with China could prove to be even more devastating to businesses in San Francisco’s Chinatown than the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s according to Donald Luu, president of the San Francisco Chinese Chamber of Commerce, who told KQED \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">the administration’s\u003c/a> steep tariffs on Chinese goods — of up to 145% — are creating a nearly impossible situation for the more than 1,000 mostly small businesses in this historic immigrant community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking at a Tuesday press event on Clay Street, in the heart of Chinatown, Luu said about 90% of goods sold there are from China, and the tariffs have already forced many merchants to raise their prices by at least 30%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With this economic trade war, we feel that the effect’s going to be long-lasting and it’s going to threaten the very fabric of Chinatown,” said Luu, flanked by local business leaders and state Assemblymember Matt Haney, who represents the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Magan Li, the owner of Lion Trading, which sells religious and spiritual items, said nearly all the products lining her shelves come from China. As costs skyrocket, she said she can only increase prices so much before customers refuse to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037241\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037241\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-22-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grant Avenue in San Francisco’s Chinatown neighborhood on April 21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a very, very big blow to our small business,” said Li in Cantonese. “We’re at risk of losing the traditions that the community has spent so much time protecting. And so I hope that the government will work something out and help small businesses like us to continue to thrive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese exports to the U.S. have plummeted amid the administration’s outsized tariffs (and China’s reciprocal 125% import duties on U.S. products), prompting major U.S. retailers and small businesses alike to sound the alarm about imminent \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/china-exports-to-us-drop-sharply/\">supply shortages\u003c/a>. The Port of Los Angeles, a major entry point for Chinese goods, has seen that drop firsthand, leading its director to recently predict that cargo shipments to the port will drop by 35% within a few weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of that bodes well for businesses in San Francisco’s Chinatown, the oldest and largest of its kind in the country, which has been reluctantly thrust onto the frontlines of Trump’s escalating trade war.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I think Chinatown is at the center of why these tariffs are so harmful and how devastating they’re going to be — not to another country’s government, but to us here, in our country,” Haney said on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many products sold here can’t be found anywhere else in the city, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a direct attack on these businesses, and it’s a direct attack on our residents who rely on this community,” Haney said. “This is where they get their medicine. This is where they get their clothing. This is where they get their goods to cook.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haney said that if the administration refuses to relent on the tariffs, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> has indicated he would begin negotiating directly with China on a California trade agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unfortunate that California is increasingly having to act like our own country, negotiating trade agreements with countries and trying to find ways to reduce the cost of these imports,” said Haney, who noted California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036199/trumps-tariffs-could-wreck-californias-economy-the-state-is-suing\">recent lawsuit\u003c/a> against the administration over the tariffs. “Because our businesses, our economy, cannot survive without these imports, especially coming from Asia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trade war has pushed Chinatown merchants into an existential crisis, Malcolm Yeung, executive director of the Chinatown Community Development Center, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036939/san-francisco-chinatown-businesses-survival-mode-trade-war\">told KQED\u003c/a> for a recent story profiling several local business owners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ This has always been a community that has been built around trade,” he said, noting the resiliency of the district throughout its long history. “Trade created an opportunity for upward economic mobility for people through owning stores, or by leveraging relationships that they have back in China.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/camiiddominguez\">\u003cem>Cami Dominguez\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/adahlstromeckman\">\u003cem>Azul Dahlstrom-Eckman\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Speaking in Los Angeles on Tuesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> said a father came up to him during halftime at their children’s basketball game over the weekend and asked him, “Wouldn’t it be good if the blue states would come together and do a DOGE?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The father was referring to the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038026/san-francisco-santa-clara-counties-sue-trump-over-mass-doge-led-firings\">Department of Government Efficiency\u003c/a>, effectively led by tech billionaire Elon Musk. Newsom said that as he tried to explain that DOGE is not the only example of how to streamline government, nor the first, the man’s eyes glazed over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He wants to see the chainsaw,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tuesday’s news conference at the L.A. offices of consulting company Accenture, Newsom announced that the state has entered into three new agreements meant to boost the efficiency of government services — not by mass layoffs but by making use of generative artificial intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re DOGE, but better … because we’ve been doing it \u003cem>with \u003c/em>people, not \u003cem>to \u003c/em>people,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the agreements aim to improve the Department of Transportation’s ability to identify and prevent traffic bottlenecks, accidents and near-misses: one with Accenture to use Azure OpenAI, developed by Microsoft, and the other with Deloitte Consulting to use Google’s Gemini GenAI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the third partnership, Department of Tax and Fee Administration officials will use generative AI to build on a pilot project carried out over the last 10 months by SymSoft Solutions, using Anthropic’s Claude, to reduce the time it takes to handle an average customer inquiry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he’s rolling out generative AI projects with multiple corporate partners across eight state departments, at a scale he said has yet to be seen anywhere else in the country. The latest projects build on Newsom’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/09/05/governor-newsom-seeks-to-harness-the-power-of-genai-to-address-homelessness-other-challenges/\">2023 executive order\u003c/a> directing state agencies to use generative AI technologies to improve state services and help solve intractable issues.[aside postID=news_12037518 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-2159615518-1020x680.jpg']California Transportation Secretary Toks Omishakin said state agencies are committed to delivering on the expectation of better customer service, pointing to the Department of Motor Vehicles as an example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Six years ago, there were only a dozen transactions that you could do online. Only 12. Today, there are 50,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California government’s sclerotic relationship with IT has been the subject of many press inquiries and government reports over the decades. But ethics watchdogs warn generative AI is not necessarily a quick fix, nor an inexpensive one, given that corporate consultants are handling the rollout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So much depends on which contexts and how genAI will be used,” wrote Irina Raicu, director of the Internet Ethics program at the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University. She argued the state government risks adding to the “pervasive AI hype that’s now endangering, among other things, the technology itself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raicu suggested every state agency should ask itself a set of tough questions ahead of every pilot program: “Why should we integrate generative AI into our processes? Is this the type of AI best suited to the problems that we are hoping to address? Do we have evidence that the AI tool we hope to use works as intended? If it does, is this the most cost-effective way to respond? Have we considered the risks that come with generative AI (and associated issues like its environmental impact), not just the benefits that it would bring?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Newsom was talking, the Legislative Analyst’s Office published a \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/5034\">preliminary assessment\u003c/a> of his generative AI initiative to overhaul the state’s IT project approval process. Upshot: “premature,” without enough information to assess whether the new process would be an improvement on the old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Speaking in Los Angeles on Tuesday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gov. Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> said a father came up to him during halftime at their children’s basketball game over the weekend and asked him, “Wouldn’t it be good if the blue states would come together and do a DOGE?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The father was referring to the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038026/san-francisco-santa-clara-counties-sue-trump-over-mass-doge-led-firings\">Department of Government Efficiency\u003c/a>, effectively led by tech billionaire Elon Musk. Newsom said that as he tried to explain that DOGE is not the only example of how to streamline government, nor the first, the man’s eyes glazed over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He wants to see the chainsaw,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tuesday’s news conference at the L.A. offices of consulting company Accenture, Newsom announced that the state has entered into three new agreements meant to boost the efficiency of government services — not by mass layoffs but by making use of generative artificial intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re DOGE, but better … because we’ve been doing it \u003cem>with \u003c/em>people, not \u003cem>to \u003c/em>people,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the agreements aim to improve the Department of Transportation’s ability to identify and prevent traffic bottlenecks, accidents and near-misses: one with Accenture to use Azure OpenAI, developed by Microsoft, and the other with Deloitte Consulting to use Google’s Gemini GenAI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the third partnership, Department of Tax and Fee Administration officials will use generative AI to build on a pilot project carried out over the last 10 months by SymSoft Solutions, using Anthropic’s Claude, to reduce the time it takes to handle an average customer inquiry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he’s rolling out generative AI projects with multiple corporate partners across eight state departments, at a scale he said has yet to be seen anywhere else in the country. The latest projects build on Newsom’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/09/05/governor-newsom-seeks-to-harness-the-power-of-genai-to-address-homelessness-other-challenges/\">2023 executive order\u003c/a> directing state agencies to use generative AI technologies to improve state services and help solve intractable issues.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>California Transportation Secretary Toks Omishakin said state agencies are committed to delivering on the expectation of better customer service, pointing to the Department of Motor Vehicles as an example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Six years ago, there were only a dozen transactions that you could do online. Only 12. Today, there are 50,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California government’s sclerotic relationship with IT has been the subject of many press inquiries and government reports over the decades. But ethics watchdogs warn generative AI is not necessarily a quick fix, nor an inexpensive one, given that corporate consultants are handling the rollout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So much depends on which contexts and how genAI will be used,” wrote Irina Raicu, director of the Internet Ethics program at the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University. She argued the state government risks adding to the “pervasive AI hype that’s now endangering, among other things, the technology itself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raicu suggested every state agency should ask itself a set of tough questions ahead of every pilot program: “Why should we integrate generative AI into our processes? Is this the type of AI best suited to the problems that we are hoping to address? Do we have evidence that the AI tool we hope to use works as intended? If it does, is this the most cost-effective way to respond? Have we considered the risks that come with generative AI (and associated issues like its environmental impact), not just the benefits that it would bring?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Newsom was talking, the Legislative Analyst’s Office published a \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/5034\">preliminary assessment\u003c/a> of his generative AI initiative to overhaul the state’s IT project approval process. Upshot: “premature,” without enough information to assess whether the new process would be an improvement on the old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-sent-investigators-ice-facilities-found-more-detainees-health-care-gaps",
"title": "California Sent Investigators to ICE Facilities. They Found More Detainees, and Health Care Gaps",
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"headTitle": "California Sent Investigators to ICE Facilities. They Found More Detainees, and Health Care Gaps | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new report from the California Department of Justice finds that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/immigration\">immigration\u003c/a> detention facilities across the state continue to fall short in providing basic mental health care, with gaps in suicide prevention and treatment, recordkeeping, and use of force incidents against mentally ill detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report’s release today comes alongside an aggressive expansion of immigration enforcement and broader changes to immigration policy under President Donald Trump’s second administration. The timing of the report’s release signals California officials plan to continue oversight as federal officials move to expand immigration detention capacity in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It flagged that California’s detainee population has grown since the state’s last review: more than 3,100 people were held in immigration detention statewide as of April 16, up from the daily average of about 1,750 in 2021, the report found. About 75% of those detained had no documented criminal history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators with the state’s Department of Justice inspected all six active immigration facilities in California. The inspections were conducted \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/AB103/id/1637414\">under a 2017 state law\u003c/a> that mandated the Attorney General’s office review and report on immigration detention facilities operating in California. It’s the fourth report to be released on conditions in facilities where noncitizens are detained in California by federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings come amid broader concerns about federal oversight: the report notes that the federal Department of Homeland Security recently moved to shutter internal offices tasked with investigating\u003ca href=\"https://news.bgov.com/bloomberg-government-news/civil-rights-advocates-brace-for-cuts-in-homeland-security-unit\"> civil rights complaints\u003c/a> and detention conditions. Last week, the homeland security department quietly removed more than 100 civil rights and civil liberties records from its website, sparking concerns about transparency and accountability in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11959336\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11959336\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"California's Attorney General Rob Bonta speaks into a microphone.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta fields questions during a press conference on Monday, Aug. 28, 2023, in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“California’s facility reviews remain especially critical in light of efforts by the Trump Administration to both eliminate oversight of conditions at immigration detention facilities and increase its inhumane campaign of mass immigration enforcement, potentially exacerbating critical issues already present in these facilities by packing them with more people,” said Attorney General Rob Bonta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 165-page report details conditions at privately operated facilities where federal immigration officials detain people facing deportation. State investigators found “deficiencies in suicide prevention and intervention strategies” at every site, including missed mental health screenings and improper clinical decisions about when to release detainees from suicide watch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staffing shortages, poor coordination between medical and mental health care providers, and widespread problems with record-keeping contributed to the risks for detainees, many of whom suffer from depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder, according to the report.[aside postID=news_12037889 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1020x602.jpg']Conditions that can worsen mental health, such as solitary confinement, remain common, the report found. At facilities known as Desert View Annex, Imperial, and Otay Mesa, investigators found that force was disproportionately used against individuals with mental health conditions, including cases where chemical agents were deployed. At the Mesa Verde facility in Bakersfield, officials failed to properly document or report the forced transfer of detainees who had participated in a peaceful hunger strike, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite federal guidelines discouraging the isolation of detainees with mental illness, the California review found people with serious mental health conditions were routinely placed in segregation, sometimes for months at a time. Investigators found some facilities failed to properly inform detainees about protections under a federal court settlement that requires legal representation for people with severe mental health disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat-down policies at the Mesa Verde center discouraged detainees from seeking health care, the review found. Detainees reported feeling that invasive searches deterred them from attending medical appointments or accessing other services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for Geo Group, the private company that operates several of the facilities, did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the just-released report, but previously told CalMatters that the company provides high-quality medical services including “around-the-clock access to medical care, which is governed by the \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/83yMC5y4qOUYRgA3SzbK9z?domain=ice.gov\">Performance-Based National Detention Standards\u003c/a> set by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and independently accredited by the National Commission on Correctional Health Care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In all instances, our contracted services are monitored by the federal government to ensure strict compliance with \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/UwYVCXDljNhjWwgkc6Xw7d?domain=urldefense.us\">Performance-Based National Detention Standards\u003c/a>, which apply to all ICE Processing Centers,” Geo spokesman Christopher Ferreira said in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A California law empowers state investigators to check on conditions at ICE detention centers. A new report raises concerns about health care inside them.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new report from the California Department of Justice finds that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/immigration\">immigration\u003c/a> detention facilities across the state continue to fall short in providing basic mental health care, with gaps in suicide prevention and treatment, recordkeeping, and use of force incidents against mentally ill detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report’s release today comes alongside an aggressive expansion of immigration enforcement and broader changes to immigration policy under President Donald Trump’s second administration. The timing of the report’s release signals California officials plan to continue oversight as federal officials move to expand immigration detention capacity in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It flagged that California’s detainee population has grown since the state’s last review: more than 3,100 people were held in immigration detention statewide as of April 16, up from the daily average of about 1,750 in 2021, the report found. About 75% of those detained had no documented criminal history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators with the state’s Department of Justice inspected all six active immigration facilities in California. The inspections were conducted \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/AB103/id/1637414\">under a 2017 state law\u003c/a> that mandated the Attorney General’s office review and report on immigration detention facilities operating in California. It’s the fourth report to be released on conditions in facilities where noncitizens are detained in California by federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings come amid broader concerns about federal oversight: the report notes that the federal Department of Homeland Security recently moved to shutter internal offices tasked with investigating\u003ca href=\"https://news.bgov.com/bloomberg-government-news/civil-rights-advocates-brace-for-cuts-in-homeland-security-unit\"> civil rights complaints\u003c/a> and detention conditions. Last week, the homeland security department quietly removed more than 100 civil rights and civil liberties records from its website, sparking concerns about transparency and accountability in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11959336\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11959336\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"California's Attorney General Rob Bonta speaks into a microphone.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230828-ROB-BONTA-AP-MJS-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta fields questions during a press conference on Monday, Aug. 28, 2023, in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“California’s facility reviews remain especially critical in light of efforts by the Trump Administration to both eliminate oversight of conditions at immigration detention facilities and increase its inhumane campaign of mass immigration enforcement, potentially exacerbating critical issues already present in these facilities by packing them with more people,” said Attorney General Rob Bonta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 165-page report details conditions at privately operated facilities where federal immigration officials detain people facing deportation. State investigators found “deficiencies in suicide prevention and intervention strategies” at every site, including missed mental health screenings and improper clinical decisions about when to release detainees from suicide watch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staffing shortages, poor coordination between medical and mental health care providers, and widespread problems with record-keeping contributed to the risks for detainees, many of whom suffer from depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder, according to the report.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Conditions that can worsen mental health, such as solitary confinement, remain common, the report found. At facilities known as Desert View Annex, Imperial, and Otay Mesa, investigators found that force was disproportionately used against individuals with mental health conditions, including cases where chemical agents were deployed. At the Mesa Verde facility in Bakersfield, officials failed to properly document or report the forced transfer of detainees who had participated in a peaceful hunger strike, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite federal guidelines discouraging the isolation of detainees with mental illness, the California review found people with serious mental health conditions were routinely placed in segregation, sometimes for months at a time. Investigators found some facilities failed to properly inform detainees about protections under a federal court settlement that requires legal representation for people with severe mental health disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat-down policies at the Mesa Verde center discouraged detainees from seeking health care, the review found. Detainees reported feeling that invasive searches deterred them from attending medical appointments or accessing other services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for Geo Group, the private company that operates several of the facilities, did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the just-released report, but previously told CalMatters that the company provides high-quality medical services including “around-the-clock access to medical care, which is governed by the \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/83yMC5y4qOUYRgA3SzbK9z?domain=ice.gov\">Performance-Based National Detention Standards\u003c/a> set by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and independently accredited by the National Commission on Correctional Health Care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In all instances, our contracted services are monitored by the federal government to ensure strict compliance with \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/UwYVCXDljNhjWwgkc6Xw7d?domain=urldefense.us\">Performance-Based National Detention Standards\u003c/a>, which apply to all ICE Processing Centers,” Geo spokesman Christopher Ferreira said in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "san-francisco-santa-clara-counties-sue-trump-over-mass-doge-led-firings",
"title": "San Francisco, Santa Clara Counties Sue Trump Over Mass DOGE-Led Firings",
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"headTitle": "San Francisco, Santa Clara Counties Sue Trump Over Mass DOGE-Led Firings | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 1:05 p.m. Tuesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Bay Area counties are suing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Trump administration\u003c/a> over its reorganization and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034478/federal-workers-fired-thousands-california-wants-hire-them\">downsizing of the federal government\u003c/a> without congressional approval, their top attorneys announced Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco City Attorney David Chiu and Santa Clara County Counsel Tony LoPresti joined cities and counties in Texas, Illinois, Washington and Maryland, as well as labor unions representing affected workers, to bring the suit alleging that the mass restructuring violates the constitutional principle of separation of powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit, which names President Donald Trump, the Department of Government Efficiency, the Office of Personnel Management and the Office of Management and Budget, was filed Monday evening in the U.S. District Court of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This case really boils down to the basic civics that we all learned in high school. There are three co-equal branches of government,” LoPresti said at a Tuesday press conference in San José. “The president’s job is to execute the laws, not to make the laws. When the president attempts to take the legislative power away from the legislative branch and claim it as his own, we are facing an existential threat to democracy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs allege that Trump’s executive orders, which demand reductions in the function and workforce of federal departments, exceed his executive authority and illegally take away Congress’ exclusive authority to create U.S. law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiu and LoPresti argue that Trump needs the legislative branch’s permission to make these significant changes to the size and structure of the federal government — a rule he should know, the lawsuit said, since he “tried and failed to obtain that authorization during his first term in office.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12028373\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12028373\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2195560285-scaled-e1745951058371.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump holds up a signed executive order in the Oval Office of the White House on Jan. 23. \u003ccite>(Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“President Trump determined that in his second term, he would proceed without Congress,” the lawsuit alleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his first weeks in office, Trump created the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033139/doge-says-it-needs-to-know-the-governments-most-sensitive-data-but-cant-say-why\">Department of Government Efficiency\u003c/a>, which, despite its name, is set up as a White House executive office, not an official Cabinet-level department. Headed by Elon Musk, DOGE was tasked with carrying out an 18-month agenda to reduce the government’s “waste, bloat, and insularity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Trump introduced an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/02/implementing-the-presidents-department-of-government-efficiency-workforce-optimization-initiative/\">executive order on his “Workforce Optimization Initiative,”\u003c/a> which required all government agencies to submit downsizing plans to DOGE, along with the offices of Management and Budget, and Personnel Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, more than 58,000 employees have been fired as part of the DOGE-led restructuring, while 76,000 more took a buyout offered by the Trump administration in January, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/03/28/us/politics/trump-doge-federal-job-cuts.html\">according to data tracked by the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>(The federal government has kept no official tally of the number of affected workers.)\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Planned cuts could hit more than 148,000 additional federal workers, according to the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> tracker, and multiple government agencies have been all but shut down through hiring and funding freezes and executive orders from the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our federal government has been decimated and thrown into complete disarray,” Chiu said Tuesday. “These dramatic and illegal changes have made it extremely difficult for local communities and local governments to effectively deliver our programs and services, as massive layoffs and staffing shortages have ground intergovernmental work to a halt.”[aside postID=news_12037889 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1020x602.jpg']This week’s lawsuit alleges that Trump’s executive order on the federal workforce and three others targeting a dozen specific government agencies — including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/65308/the-education-department-is-being-cut-in-half-heres-whats-being-lost\">Department of Education\u003c/a>, the Institute of Peace, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027864/trump-moves-slash-presidio-trust-agency-runs-historic-sf-park\">Presidio Trust\u003c/a> in San Francisco — violate the requirement for congressional approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Workforce Executive Order does not simply suggest or encourage agencies to exercise their own statutory authority to effectuate a government-wide reorganization: it orders them to act according to the President’s vision, regardless of that statutory authority,” the lawsuit reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The local governments and labor unions are requesting that a federal judge vacate the executive order to downsize the federal workforce and declare that Trump acted unconstitutionally. It also asks the judge to find that departments carrying out Trump’s requests have acted unlawfully and outside the authority granted to them by Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the president takes for himself the legislative power of Congress to recreate federal agencies in the manner he sees fit, he violates the Constitution,” the suit said. “And when the president does so across every federal agency, he threatens the very constitutional foundation of this nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If successful, the parties aim to halt future reduction-in-force plans at federal agencies and reverse cuts they say were made unconstitutionally, which have already affected Bay Area \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029178/trumps-mass-layoffs-noaa-cut-into-bay-area-weather-service\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a> workers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033338/bay-area-air-traffic-control-is-down-to-1-meteorologist-after-trumps-hiring-freeze\">air traffic controllers\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034527/meals-on-wheels-child-welfare-hhs-staff-sf-woke-up-our-jobs-gone\">Health and Human Services \u003c/a>employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as I know, we still live in a democracy, and what is happening is illegal and authoritarian,” Chiu said. “This is why San Francisco stands with this coalition and this lawsuit to stand up for the constitution and our rule of law while it still exists.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Bay Area counties join other cities, counties and labor unions in the lawsuit alleging that the mass federal downsizing without congressional approval violates the Constitution.",
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"title": "San Francisco, Santa Clara Counties Sue Trump Over Mass DOGE-Led Firings | KQED",
"description": "The Bay Area counties join other cities, counties and labor unions in the lawsuit alleging that the mass federal downsizing without congressional approval violates the Constitution.",
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"headline": "San Francisco, Santa Clara Counties Sue Trump Over Mass DOGE-Led Firings",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 1:05 p.m. Tuesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Bay Area counties are suing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Trump administration\u003c/a> over its reorganization and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034478/federal-workers-fired-thousands-california-wants-hire-them\">downsizing of the federal government\u003c/a> without congressional approval, their top attorneys announced Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco City Attorney David Chiu and Santa Clara County Counsel Tony LoPresti joined cities and counties in Texas, Illinois, Washington and Maryland, as well as labor unions representing affected workers, to bring the suit alleging that the mass restructuring violates the constitutional principle of separation of powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit, which names President Donald Trump, the Department of Government Efficiency, the Office of Personnel Management and the Office of Management and Budget, was filed Monday evening in the U.S. District Court of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This case really boils down to the basic civics that we all learned in high school. There are three co-equal branches of government,” LoPresti said at a Tuesday press conference in San José. “The president’s job is to execute the laws, not to make the laws. When the president attempts to take the legislative power away from the legislative branch and claim it as his own, we are facing an existential threat to democracy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs allege that Trump’s executive orders, which demand reductions in the function and workforce of federal departments, exceed his executive authority and illegally take away Congress’ exclusive authority to create U.S. law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiu and LoPresti argue that Trump needs the legislative branch’s permission to make these significant changes to the size and structure of the federal government — a rule he should know, the lawsuit said, since he “tried and failed to obtain that authorization during his first term in office.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12028373\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12028373\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-2195560285-scaled-e1745951058371.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump holds up a signed executive order in the Oval Office of the White House on Jan. 23. \u003ccite>(Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“President Trump determined that in his second term, he would proceed without Congress,” the lawsuit alleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his first weeks in office, Trump created the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033139/doge-says-it-needs-to-know-the-governments-most-sensitive-data-but-cant-say-why\">Department of Government Efficiency\u003c/a>, which, despite its name, is set up as a White House executive office, not an official Cabinet-level department. Headed by Elon Musk, DOGE was tasked with carrying out an 18-month agenda to reduce the government’s “waste, bloat, and insularity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Trump introduced an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/02/implementing-the-presidents-department-of-government-efficiency-workforce-optimization-initiative/\">executive order on his “Workforce Optimization Initiative,”\u003c/a> which required all government agencies to submit downsizing plans to DOGE, along with the offices of Management and Budget, and Personnel Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, more than 58,000 employees have been fired as part of the DOGE-led restructuring, while 76,000 more took a buyout offered by the Trump administration in January, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/03/28/us/politics/trump-doge-federal-job-cuts.html\">according to data tracked by the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>(The federal government has kept no official tally of the number of affected workers.)\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Planned cuts could hit more than 148,000 additional federal workers, according to the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> tracker, and multiple government agencies have been all but shut down through hiring and funding freezes and executive orders from the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our federal government has been decimated and thrown into complete disarray,” Chiu said Tuesday. “These dramatic and illegal changes have made it extremely difficult for local communities and local governments to effectively deliver our programs and services, as massive layoffs and staffing shortages have ground intergovernmental work to a halt.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This week’s lawsuit alleges that Trump’s executive order on the federal workforce and three others targeting a dozen specific government agencies — including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/65308/the-education-department-is-being-cut-in-half-heres-whats-being-lost\">Department of Education\u003c/a>, the Institute of Peace, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027864/trump-moves-slash-presidio-trust-agency-runs-historic-sf-park\">Presidio Trust\u003c/a> in San Francisco — violate the requirement for congressional approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Workforce Executive Order does not simply suggest or encourage agencies to exercise their own statutory authority to effectuate a government-wide reorganization: it orders them to act according to the President’s vision, regardless of that statutory authority,” the lawsuit reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The local governments and labor unions are requesting that a federal judge vacate the executive order to downsize the federal workforce and declare that Trump acted unconstitutionally. It also asks the judge to find that departments carrying out Trump’s requests have acted unlawfully and outside the authority granted to them by Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the president takes for himself the legislative power of Congress to recreate federal agencies in the manner he sees fit, he violates the Constitution,” the suit said. “And when the president does so across every federal agency, he threatens the very constitutional foundation of this nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If successful, the parties aim to halt future reduction-in-force plans at federal agencies and reverse cuts they say were made unconstitutionally, which have already affected Bay Area \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029178/trumps-mass-layoffs-noaa-cut-into-bay-area-weather-service\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a> workers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033338/bay-area-air-traffic-control-is-down-to-1-meteorologist-after-trumps-hiring-freeze\">air traffic controllers\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034527/meals-on-wheels-child-welfare-hhs-staff-sf-woke-up-our-jobs-gone\">Health and Human Services \u003c/a>employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as I know, we still live in a democracy, and what is happening is illegal and authoritarian,” Chiu said. “This is why San Francisco stands with this coalition and this lawsuit to stand up for the constitution and our rule of law while it still exists.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "how-paris-by-night-became-the-spirit-of-vietnamese-american-life",
"title": "How ‘Paris by Night’ Became the Spirit of Vietnamese American Life",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 10:26 a.m. Tuesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days before smartphones and personalized feeds, every family had their regular shows they watched on the living room TV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some sat down to watch the nightly news, others tuned in to a game show or rooted for the winning basketball team. However, if your family is Vietnamese, one show has always played for everyone in practically every household: \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing up in East San José, my grandma’s house was the center for all family functions. My extended family would show up in droves, bringing platters of egg rolls, roasted pork, fried rice and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the aunts and uncles gleefully hollered over food and gossip, \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> consistently permeated through the clamor. And that’s a common experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh my God, that was the soundtrack of my life; it still is,” Santa Clara County Supervisor Betty Duong said. “As a kid, it was the only time that you saw cool Asians on TV,” adding that there was excitement in her entire family about getting the latest episode. “It was, like, religious. Any time the newest \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> came out, when the VHS tape dropped, that was a day that was marked on the calendar.”[aside postID=news_12037893 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20250412_MIENGAMEMORIES_19-KQED-1020x680.jpg']What did we see?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Vietnamese folk singer belting out a ballad with gravitas or a euro-dance pop number booming through the big living room TV speakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Occasionally, the “grown-ups” would pause their conversation to listen in and reminisce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elders, like my grandma, would have a front-row seat, tuning out the buzz and tuning into this larger-than-life display of Vietnamese culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>is a flashy variety show with musical acts, dance numbers, interviews and vaudeville-style comedy skits. For many decades, it was the cultural anchor for “Viet Kieu,” or Vietnamese people who had fled their homeland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s the purpose of \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>: to reconnect the Vietnamese diaspora, like my grandma, to the culture that was left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fleeing to Paris, recreating Vietnam in California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The show’s beginnings can be traced back to Tô Văn Lai, who \u003ca href=\"https://saigoneer.com/saigon-music-art/25830-a-brief-history-of-paris-by-night,-the-anchor-of-vietnamese-culture-abroad\">sold cassette tapes in their Saigon record shop of local singers\u003c/a>, like Thaí Thanh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he and his wife Thuy \u003ca href=\"https://thesmartlocal.com/vietnam/to-van-lai/\">fled to Paris\u003c/a> in 1976, they brought their collection of tapes and records to remind them of Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Paris night skies, Tô, who deeply missed his homeland, dreamt of recapturing the melodies that would bring him the warmth of Vietnam. And so, \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> was conceived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037955\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Thuy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Thuy.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Thuy-800x511.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Thuy-160x102.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo of Thuy taken by Lai at the Saigon Zoo and Botanical Garden. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Marie Tô)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037956\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037956\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"651\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-800x543.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-160x109.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo of Tô Văn Lai in Saigon in front of the Central Post Office. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Marie Tô)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037957\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037957\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1448\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-800x579.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-1020x738.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-1536x1112.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-1920x1390.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lai and Thuy with their daughter Marie in Saigon. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Marie Tô)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly 22 episodes of the show were produced for the Vietnamese community in France before expanding internationally and relocating to \u003ca href=\"https://saigoneer.com/saigon-music-art/25830-a-brief-history-of-paris-by-night,-the-anchor-of-vietnamese-culture-abroad\">Orange County, California\u003c/a>. Tô and Thuy’s daughter, Marie Tô Ngoc Thuy, now serves as the executive producer with her husband, Paul Huynh, at Thuy Nga Productions, the company that owns \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em>, we have 138 volumes. And then beside that, we produce comedies, live concerts, so anything related to Vietnamese music,” Marie Tô said, not to mention the 600 CDs they have produced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037958\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1593px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037958 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1593\" height=\"1196\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode.jpg 1593w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode-800x601.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode-1536x1153.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1593px) 100vw, 1593px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marie Tô and her husband, Paul Huynh, with singer Thanh Hà in Paris for the 70th episode. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Marie Tô)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back when videotapes and DVDs were a hot commodity, \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> flourished. The shift from France to Southern California also proved to be the right business move since there was a pool of Hollywood producers, designers and choreographers next door. As a result, production levels soared and became more sophisticated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanda Sawyer was one of those Hollywood choreographers who came into \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>. Sawyer is an L.A.-based creative director and choreographer and works closely with Marie Tô to come up with set pieces and musical numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s such a long creative relationship, but we really create well together,” said Sawyer, who has been with \u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>for over 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before every show is filmed, Sawyer has two weeks to work with the Vietnamese artists and backup dancers to rehearse their numbers. She said, “I was able to really connect with the Vietnamese artists in a way that I could help them not only realize their individual songs, but recreate a lot of the culture that had been lost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037959\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037959 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1086\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-800x434.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-1020x554.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-160x87.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-1536x834.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-1920x1043.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Singer Như Quỳnh performs at the 129th episode of “Paris By Night.” Shanda Sawyer is the creative director and choreographer behind this and many other performances. \u003ccite>(\"Paris By Night\" Official YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to creating videos, the company performed live in multiple cities, including San José in 2003, and cemented the household name it is today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My parents attended that show, and when I asked my mom about it, she paused in a daze, trying to remember those long-ago memories. She said watching it live was so much better than viewing it at home on DVDs. She also recalled the music, dancing, choreography, the banners and even her favorite singers, Ý Lan and Khánh Ly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRlHV9V4Ip0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong told KQED that her mother would wait in line at the Lion Plaza in San José to get the newest videotapes and her whole family would excitedly sit down to watch them on repeat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On Saturdays and Sundays, it would just play in the background nonstop,” she said. “For my parents, the more classical songs would give them a sense of home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A contrast to representation in American media\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For the Vietnamese diaspora, \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> was a welcome contrast to how we were represented in Western visual media. Most depictions of Vietnam have centered around the war, typically from the perspective of American soldiers, like \u003cem>Platoon\u003c/em>, \u003cem>The Deer Hunter\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Casualties of War\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rarely has there been a piece of visual media about the Vietnam War (also known in Vietnam as the American War) that has centered on the Vietnamese perspective. That is, until last year’s HBO mini-series, \u003cem>The Sympathizer\u003c/em>, based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning book of the same title written by Viet Thanh Nguyen, who fled Vietnam when he was 4 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037960\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12037960\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/The-Sympathizer-Poster-800x1185.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1185\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/The-Sympathizer-Poster-800x1185.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/The-Sympathizer-Poster-160x237.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/The-Sympathizer-Poster.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“The Sympathizer” poster. \u003ccite>(HBO Max)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s a war that continues to need to be grappled with, but it’s also exhausting that everything is concentrated so much around this horrific experience of colonialism and war,” explained Nguyen. “It’s something that we should remember, but we shouldn’t pass on. How do we do that? That’s a balancing act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a lot of the Vietnamese diaspora, we wanted to find a representation of home that didn’t just depict graphic violence or Asian stereotypes of a war-torn country, but rather showcased our joy, resilience, nostalgia, music, performing arts, comedy, etc. Paris By Night was able to fill that tall order — weaving this complicated tapestry of emotions and politics into an at-home experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen explained that his parents were culturally conservative, but still found \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> entertaining. He called it the Hollywood of the Vietnamese diaspora.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t particularly infatuated with \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em>, but I knew it. I knew who they were,” he remarked. “I knew the music that they were singing and somehow that rubbed off on me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which meant that even if you weren’t into the show, it still influenced the burgeoning Vietnamese American culture in unexpected ways, such as knowing how to do outdated dances from the late 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I went to college, I learned how to do the cha-cha,” he told me. “You could do the cha-cha if you’re a Vietnamese American,” Nguyen said. “This was all wrapped up with the idea of\u003cem> Paris by Night \u003c/em>that we had a distinct Vietnamese American youth culture, pop culture and subculture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Full circle to Vietnam\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By the late 1990s and early 2000s, counterfeit DVDs and videotapes helped \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> reach a wider audience, including viewers in Vietnam, but the illegal copies also undermined the show’s ability to make a profit. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2015/07/29/sold-out-shows-and-thousands-of-dvds-sold-so-why-is-little-saigons-popular-paris-by-night-fighting-to-survive/\">Bootlegs were sold in the thousands at video stores. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.rajraf.org/article/paris-by-nightand-the-making-of-vietnamese-american-music/1162\">In Vietnam, official merchandise of \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> is banned due to its occasional political messaging\u003c/a>; however, the underground piracy market allowed locals to access the show, and they have expressed gratitude and excitement for its cultural impact. In a full-circle moment, \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> still manages to reach Vietnamese audiences not only internationally, but also in the homeland — the longing for which inspired the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037954\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037954\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Paris-By-Night-100-e1745875653968.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"723\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Poster of the 100th episode of “Paris By Night.” \u003ccite>(Thuy Nga \"Paris By Night\" Fandom Encyclopedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One time, when Tô was traveling in Da Nang, a taxi driver recognized her as “chị Thuy” (sister Thuy) and expressed his gratitude. “They thank us for preserving the culture, preserving the song, that all those \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> would be the success,” Tô added about the people she met in Vietnam. “That was the happiest moment for them, watching with their family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through music and performing, the Vietnamese diaspora felt more united. “There’s this beautiful connection of all of the artists who left Vietnam paying homage to their culture and then that culture returning to Vietnam,” Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the piracy troubles nearly put the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressenterprise.com/2015/08/02/media-vietnamese-juggernaut-paris-by-night-struggles-to-survive/\">out of business in 2010\u003c/a>, but community support and new business strategies managed to salvage it. However, operating the company is still a struggle, and Tô has to find a way to reach a new generation of audiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because this is the digital era, the income from all the digital platforms are not enough for you to produce a quality show,” Marie Tô said. “Our talented singers, now they’re getting older … I think if we want to continue \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em>, we have to renew our blood, like do a talent show, looking for new singers. So we have to start a new road again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to fight piracy and achieve a larger digital reach, Thuy Nga archived many of \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>’s older episodes on its official YouTube channel. While I was watching \u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>episodes on YouTube, I noticed that most, if not all, of the comments are in Vietnamese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6_y55GpOq8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The comments under the Têt-themed episode ranged from nostalgic, like, “I miss my family, I miss my hometown, I miss my grandparents, I miss old memories when my family was still full,” to curious, “I’m 10 years old, but I really like Vietnamese Tet. I’m trying to learn Vietnamese and preserve Vietnamese culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appears that the older generation is still seeking out cultural comfort, while some in the younger generation feel connected to the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even Marie Tô gets nostalgic for \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>, thinking about the opening song in the 40th Anniversary of the “Fall of Saigon” episode (#114) in 2015. “I watched that performance the other day, and I had tears in my eyes,” she said. “That’s the sweetest memory for me. Because that, I think, tells what \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> wants to achieve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0UJkbyzJ2E\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> for the next generations\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Vietnamese Americans like me who grew up primarily in the U.S., language barriers still exist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have a basic understanding of the language — I can ask grandma what she ate that morning and if she slept well the previous night — but going deeper and asking about her childhood is a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>, there was a lot I didn’t quite grasp. Like, why did this MC make a joke that had my family falling out of their seats, while I was sitting there feeling left out? Or, when a musical performance would make references to an old folktale, I’d have to ask my aunt for a full backstory.[aside postID=news_12037680 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-12-KQED-1020x680.jpg']In my mind, this show has been something for the “grown-ups.” This was made for my parents’ generation, by my parents’ generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Older generations are still tuning in as new episodes become available on DVD or drop on the Thuy Nga YouTube channel. My mom and aunts will gossip about which singer on the show recently got divorced with the same fervor as when my friends and I talk about the latest \u003cem>The White Lotus\u003c/em> episode. As our parents’ generation ages, so does the show, but \u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>isn’t something that could be passed down the same way an heirloom might when a relative dies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, I find myself wondering how I will continue to engage in my own culture. It might be the food I make, the Viet pop songs I listen to every now and then or the phrases I’d say when my cat is stinky (con mèo thúi). I think a lot of us are still trying to reconnect with what was left behind — or, in my case, something I’ve never fully known.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>was built on memories over many decades and continues to be a cultural throughline for a lot of the Vietnamese diaspora.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter where we live, my whole family still gravitates to my grandma’s house every year during Têt. Of course, \u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>still plays on the big living room TV, as if to remind us that this is home, in so many ways. And that’s when I feel the same warmth that Tô yearned for way back when in Paris, right here in my grandma’s home in San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 10:26 a.m. Tuesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days before smartphones and personalized feeds, every family had their regular shows they watched on the living room TV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some sat down to watch the nightly news, others tuned in to a game show or rooted for the winning basketball team. However, if your family is Vietnamese, one show has always played for everyone in practically every household: \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing up in East San José, my grandma’s house was the center for all family functions. My extended family would show up in droves, bringing platters of egg rolls, roasted pork, fried rice and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the aunts and uncles gleefully hollered over food and gossip, \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> consistently permeated through the clamor. And that’s a common experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh my God, that was the soundtrack of my life; it still is,” Santa Clara County Supervisor Betty Duong said. “As a kid, it was the only time that you saw cool Asians on TV,” adding that there was excitement in her entire family about getting the latest episode. “It was, like, religious. Any time the newest \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> came out, when the VHS tape dropped, that was a day that was marked on the calendar.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>What did we see?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Vietnamese folk singer belting out a ballad with gravitas or a euro-dance pop number booming through the big living room TV speakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Occasionally, the “grown-ups” would pause their conversation to listen in and reminisce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elders, like my grandma, would have a front-row seat, tuning out the buzz and tuning into this larger-than-life display of Vietnamese culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>is a flashy variety show with musical acts, dance numbers, interviews and vaudeville-style comedy skits. For many decades, it was the cultural anchor for “Viet Kieu,” or Vietnamese people who had fled their homeland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s the purpose of \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>: to reconnect the Vietnamese diaspora, like my grandma, to the culture that was left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fleeing to Paris, recreating Vietnam in California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The show’s beginnings can be traced back to Tô Văn Lai, who \u003ca href=\"https://saigoneer.com/saigon-music-art/25830-a-brief-history-of-paris-by-night,-the-anchor-of-vietnamese-culture-abroad\">sold cassette tapes in their Saigon record shop of local singers\u003c/a>, like Thaí Thanh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he and his wife Thuy \u003ca href=\"https://thesmartlocal.com/vietnam/to-van-lai/\">fled to Paris\u003c/a> in 1976, they brought their collection of tapes and records to remind them of Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Paris night skies, Tô, who deeply missed his homeland, dreamt of recapturing the melodies that would bring him the warmth of Vietnam. And so, \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> was conceived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037955\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Thuy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Thuy.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Thuy-800x511.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Thuy-160x102.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo of Thuy taken by Lai at the Saigon Zoo and Botanical Garden. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Marie Tô)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037956\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037956\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"651\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-800x543.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-160x109.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo of Tô Văn Lai in Saigon in front of the Central Post Office. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Marie Tô)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037957\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037957\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1448\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-800x579.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-1020x738.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-1536x1112.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/To-Van-Lai-Thuy-Marie-1920x1390.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lai and Thuy with their daughter Marie in Saigon. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Marie Tô)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nearly 22 episodes of the show were produced for the Vietnamese community in France before expanding internationally and relocating to \u003ca href=\"https://saigoneer.com/saigon-music-art/25830-a-brief-history-of-paris-by-night,-the-anchor-of-vietnamese-culture-abroad\">Orange County, California\u003c/a>. Tô and Thuy’s daughter, Marie Tô Ngoc Thuy, now serves as the executive producer with her husband, Paul Huynh, at Thuy Nga Productions, the company that owns \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em>, we have 138 volumes. And then beside that, we produce comedies, live concerts, so anything related to Vietnamese music,” Marie Tô said, not to mention the 600 CDs they have produced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037958\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1593px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037958 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1593\" height=\"1196\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode.jpg 1593w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode-800x601.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Marie-To-and-husband-Paul-Huynh-with-singer-Thanh-Ha-in-Paris-for-the-70th-episode-1536x1153.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1593px) 100vw, 1593px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marie Tô and her husband, Paul Huynh, with singer Thanh Hà in Paris for the 70th episode. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Marie Tô)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back when videotapes and DVDs were a hot commodity, \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> flourished. The shift from France to Southern California also proved to be the right business move since there was a pool of Hollywood producers, designers and choreographers next door. As a result, production levels soared and became more sophisticated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanda Sawyer was one of those Hollywood choreographers who came into \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>. Sawyer is an L.A.-based creative director and choreographer and works closely with Marie Tô to come up with set pieces and musical numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s such a long creative relationship, but we really create well together,” said Sawyer, who has been with \u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>for over 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before every show is filmed, Sawyer has two weeks to work with the Vietnamese artists and backup dancers to rehearse their numbers. She said, “I was able to really connect with the Vietnamese artists in a way that I could help them not only realize their individual songs, but recreate a lot of the culture that had been lost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037959\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037959 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1086\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-800x434.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-1020x554.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-160x87.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-1536x834.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Nhu-Quynh-1920x1043.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Singer Như Quỳnh performs at the 129th episode of “Paris By Night.” Shanda Sawyer is the creative director and choreographer behind this and many other performances. \u003ccite>(\"Paris By Night\" Official YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to creating videos, the company performed live in multiple cities, including San José in 2003, and cemented the household name it is today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My parents attended that show, and when I asked my mom about it, she paused in a daze, trying to remember those long-ago memories. She said watching it live was so much better than viewing it at home on DVDs. She also recalled the music, dancing, choreography, the banners and even her favorite singers, Ý Lan and Khánh Ly.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/RRlHV9V4Ip0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/RRlHV9V4Ip0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Duong told KQED that her mother would wait in line at the Lion Plaza in San José to get the newest videotapes and her whole family would excitedly sit down to watch them on repeat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On Saturdays and Sundays, it would just play in the background nonstop,” she said. “For my parents, the more classical songs would give them a sense of home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A contrast to representation in American media\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For the Vietnamese diaspora, \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> was a welcome contrast to how we were represented in Western visual media. Most depictions of Vietnam have centered around the war, typically from the perspective of American soldiers, like \u003cem>Platoon\u003c/em>, \u003cem>The Deer Hunter\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Casualties of War\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rarely has there been a piece of visual media about the Vietnam War (also known in Vietnam as the American War) that has centered on the Vietnamese perspective. That is, until last year’s HBO mini-series, \u003cem>The Sympathizer\u003c/em>, based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning book of the same title written by Viet Thanh Nguyen, who fled Vietnam when he was 4 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037960\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12037960\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/The-Sympathizer-Poster-800x1185.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1185\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/The-Sympathizer-Poster-800x1185.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/The-Sympathizer-Poster-160x237.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/The-Sympathizer-Poster.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“The Sympathizer” poster. \u003ccite>(HBO Max)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s a war that continues to need to be grappled with, but it’s also exhausting that everything is concentrated so much around this horrific experience of colonialism and war,” explained Nguyen. “It’s something that we should remember, but we shouldn’t pass on. How do we do that? That’s a balancing act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a lot of the Vietnamese diaspora, we wanted to find a representation of home that didn’t just depict graphic violence or Asian stereotypes of a war-torn country, but rather showcased our joy, resilience, nostalgia, music, performing arts, comedy, etc. Paris By Night was able to fill that tall order — weaving this complicated tapestry of emotions and politics into an at-home experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen explained that his parents were culturally conservative, but still found \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> entertaining. He called it the Hollywood of the Vietnamese diaspora.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t particularly infatuated with \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em>, but I knew it. I knew who they were,” he remarked. “I knew the music that they were singing and somehow that rubbed off on me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which meant that even if you weren’t into the show, it still influenced the burgeoning Vietnamese American culture in unexpected ways, such as knowing how to do outdated dances from the late 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I went to college, I learned how to do the cha-cha,” he told me. “You could do the cha-cha if you’re a Vietnamese American,” Nguyen said. “This was all wrapped up with the idea of\u003cem> Paris by Night \u003c/em>that we had a distinct Vietnamese American youth culture, pop culture and subculture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Full circle to Vietnam\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By the late 1990s and early 2000s, counterfeit DVDs and videotapes helped \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> reach a wider audience, including viewers in Vietnam, but the illegal copies also undermined the show’s ability to make a profit. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2015/07/29/sold-out-shows-and-thousands-of-dvds-sold-so-why-is-little-saigons-popular-paris-by-night-fighting-to-survive/\">Bootlegs were sold in the thousands at video stores. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.rajraf.org/article/paris-by-nightand-the-making-of-vietnamese-american-music/1162\">In Vietnam, official merchandise of \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> is banned due to its occasional political messaging\u003c/a>; however, the underground piracy market allowed locals to access the show, and they have expressed gratitude and excitement for its cultural impact. In a full-circle moment, \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> still manages to reach Vietnamese audiences not only internationally, but also in the homeland — the longing for which inspired the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037954\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037954\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/Paris-By-Night-100-e1745875653968.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"723\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Poster of the 100th episode of “Paris By Night.” \u003ccite>(Thuy Nga \"Paris By Night\" Fandom Encyclopedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One time, when Tô was traveling in Da Nang, a taxi driver recognized her as “chị Thuy” (sister Thuy) and expressed his gratitude. “They thank us for preserving the culture, preserving the song, that all those \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> would be the success,” Tô added about the people she met in Vietnam. “That was the happiest moment for them, watching with their family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through music and performing, the Vietnamese diaspora felt more united. “There’s this beautiful connection of all of the artists who left Vietnam paying homage to their culture and then that culture returning to Vietnam,” Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the piracy troubles nearly put the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressenterprise.com/2015/08/02/media-vietnamese-juggernaut-paris-by-night-struggles-to-survive/\">out of business in 2010\u003c/a>, but community support and new business strategies managed to salvage it. However, operating the company is still a struggle, and Tô has to find a way to reach a new generation of audiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because this is the digital era, the income from all the digital platforms are not enough for you to produce a quality show,” Marie Tô said. “Our talented singers, now they’re getting older … I think if we want to continue \u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em>, we have to renew our blood, like do a talent show, looking for new singers. So we have to start a new road again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to fight piracy and achieve a larger digital reach, Thuy Nga archived many of \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>’s older episodes on its official YouTube channel. While I was watching \u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>episodes on YouTube, I noticed that most, if not all, of the comments are in Vietnamese.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/M6_y55GpOq8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/M6_y55GpOq8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The comments under the Têt-themed episode ranged from nostalgic, like, “I miss my family, I miss my hometown, I miss my grandparents, I miss old memories when my family was still full,” to curious, “I’m 10 years old, but I really like Vietnamese Tet. I’m trying to learn Vietnamese and preserve Vietnamese culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appears that the older generation is still seeking out cultural comfort, while some in the younger generation feel connected to the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even Marie Tô gets nostalgic for \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>, thinking about the opening song in the 40th Anniversary of the “Fall of Saigon” episode (#114) in 2015. “I watched that performance the other day, and I had tears in my eyes,” she said. “That’s the sweetest memory for me. Because that, I think, tells what \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em> wants to achieve.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/F0UJkbyzJ2E'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/F0UJkbyzJ2E'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch2>\u003cem>Paris by Night\u003c/em> for the next generations\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Vietnamese Americans like me who grew up primarily in the U.S., language barriers still exist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have a basic understanding of the language — I can ask grandma what she ate that morning and if she slept well the previous night — but going deeper and asking about her childhood is a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching \u003cem>Paris By Night\u003c/em>, there was a lot I didn’t quite grasp. Like, why did this MC make a joke that had my family falling out of their seats, while I was sitting there feeling left out? Or, when a musical performance would make references to an old folktale, I’d have to ask my aunt for a full backstory.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In my mind, this show has been something for the “grown-ups.” This was made for my parents’ generation, by my parents’ generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Older generations are still tuning in as new episodes become available on DVD or drop on the Thuy Nga YouTube channel. My mom and aunts will gossip about which singer on the show recently got divorced with the same fervor as when my friends and I talk about the latest \u003cem>The White Lotus\u003c/em> episode. As our parents’ generation ages, so does the show, but \u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>isn’t something that could be passed down the same way an heirloom might when a relative dies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, I find myself wondering how I will continue to engage in my own culture. It might be the food I make, the Viet pop songs I listen to every now and then or the phrases I’d say when my cat is stinky (con mèo thúi). I think a lot of us are still trying to reconnect with what was left behind — or, in my case, something I’ve never fully known.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>was built on memories over many decades and continues to be a cultural throughline for a lot of the Vietnamese diaspora.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter where we live, my whole family still gravitates to my grandma’s house every year during Têt. Of course, \u003cem>Paris By Night \u003c/em>still plays on the big living room TV, as if to remind us that this is home, in so many ways. And that’s when I feel the same warmth that Tô yearned for way back when in Paris, right here in my grandma’s home in San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
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