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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hillary Clinton conceded the White House race to President-elect Donald Trump Wednesday morning, saying she hoped “he will be a successful president for all Americans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not the outcome we wanted or work so hard for. I’m sorry we didn’t win this election vision for our country,” the Democratic nominee told supporters crowded into a small, nondescript ballroom at the New Yorker Hotel in Midtown Manhattan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a much different venue from the first major party female presidential nominee she had hoped to deliver a victory speech instead last evening from the Javits Convention Center — on a stage shaped like the United States of America underneath a glass ceiling in a massive convention hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton seemed to be choking back tears at times, as did her running mate, Virginia Sen. Tim Kaine, who spoke just before her. Flanked by her husband, former President Bill Clinton, daughter Chelsea and her husband Marc Mezvinsky, the disappointment and shock was palpable on their faces and in the still-stunned supporters in the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know how disappointed you feel because I feel it too,” Clinton said. “And so do tens of millions of Americans who invested their hopes and dreams in this effort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is painful, and it will be for a long time,” she admitted. “But I want you to remember this — our campaign was never about one person or one election. It was about the country we love. Building an America that is hopeful, inclusive and big-hearted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton urged her supporters to “accept the result and look to the future,” saying she “still believe[s] in America and I always will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We owe him an open mind and a chance to lead. Our constitutional democracy enshrines the peaceful transition of power. We cherish it,” Clinton said of the GOP president-elect, who had refused to say many times during their very contentious campaign whether or not he would accept the results of the election should he lose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she acknowledged that even with the historic nature of her candidacy, she had fallen short of becoming the first female U.S. president, failing in an historic upset that neither polls nor pundits saw coming. For now, that task falls to a new generation of women leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, I know we have still not shattered that highest and hardest glass ceiling,” Clinton said, “but someday, someone will and hopefully sooner than we think right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WATCH%3A+Hillary+Clinton+Concedes+Presidential+Race+To+Donald+Trump+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Donald Trump’s presidential campaign, like the business career that preceded it, was unpredictable, undisciplined and unreliable. Despite those qualities — or perhaps, in part, because of them — it was also successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what should we expect from President-elect Trump, mindful that his path to the White House has defied expectations at every turn?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of Trump’s ambitions have been clearly telegraphed: He plans to build a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico, deport millions of criminal immigrants, unwind trade deals dating back more than two decades and repeal Obamacare. He has also promised to cut taxes and eliminate numerous government regulations — including power plant rules designed to combat global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the presidential pen and a friendly Republican Congress, Trump should have little trouble delivering on those promises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump’s campaign never really revolved around specific policy prescriptions. His agenda is not anchored to ideology but rather shaped by instinct and expedience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump operates very much from his gut,” said David Cay Johnston, author of \u003cem>The Making of Donald Trump\u003c/em>. “The guiding philosophy of Trump is whatever is in it for his interests at the moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When his initial tax plan prompted sticker shock among fiscal watchdogs, Trump readily shaved trillions of dollars off the bottom line. (His new plan is still a budget buster, though.) His impulsive call to ban Muslim immigrants gradually morphed into a vague prescription for “extreme vetting.” And he hastily concocted a plan to help working parents only after his daughter trumpeted a vaporware version at the GOP convention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That flexibility seems to be just fine with tens of millions of supporters who trust Trump’s instincts and assume his success will boost the country as a whole. The campaign slogan “Make America Great Again,” which Trump trademarked just days after the 2012 election, is both vague and malleable enough to accommodate whatever nostalgic and aspirational vision his followers want to attach to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters point to the way Trump rescued a New York skating rink that languished for years in the 1980s under city government supervision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What had taken the city over half a decade to botch, my father completed in less than six months, two months ahead of schedule and over a million dollars under budget,” Eric Trump told delegates at the Republican National Convention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Backers hope the incoming president will bring similar accountability to the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Trump’s first tasks will be staffing up for a new administration. The celebrity businessman who turned “You’re fired!” into a catchphrase will soon be doing a lot of hiring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will harness the creative talents of our people,” Trump told supporters at a victory party early Wednesday. “And we will call upon the best and brightest to leverage their tremendous talent for the benefit of all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friends say assembling high-performing teams is one of the president-elect’s strengths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He pushes everybody around him, including you, through comfort barriers that they never thought they could ever shatter,” said Colony Capital CEO Tom Barrack, who delivered a testimonial for Trump at the party convention in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s daughter Ivanka told delegates her father has always promoted on the basis of merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Competence in the building trades is easy to spot,” she said at the convention in July. “And incompetence is impossible to hide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In politics and in business, Trump has kept his organizations lean. He had only about \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/288867-trump-lags-behind-clinton-in-campaign-staff-pollsters\">one-tenth\u003c/a> of the staff Hillary Clinton had, heading into the final months of the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s aides are often long on loyalty and short on formal credentials. \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/07/2016-donald-trump-boss-employer-company-hired-fired-employees-workers-management-business-214020\">Politico\u003c/a> noted that the chief operating officer of the Trump Organization was initially hired to be a bodyguard, after Trump spotted him working security at the U.S. Open tennis tournament.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump may delegate, but there’s no doubt who’s in charge. Even if he fills his Cabinet with big personalities — Newt Gingrich has been floated for secretary of state and Rudy Giuliani for attorney general — Trump is not likely to share the spotlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only quote that matters is a quote from me!” Trump tweeted this summer, urging journalists to pay no attention to his subordinates. As late as Friday, he boasted that he didn’t need other celebrities to attract large crowds to his rallies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t have to bring JLo or Jay Z,” Trump said, mocking Hillary Clinton’s reliance on big-name warmup acts. “I am here all by myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, who prides himself on being a counter-puncher, can also be expected to use the levers of government to target his political rivals. He has already threatened on live television to appoint a special prosecutor to investigate Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump’s philosophy, which he’s written and spoken about for many years, is to get revenge,” Johnston said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once Trump is in the White House, the news media will remain firmly focused on the new commander in chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Donald is the most masterful manipulator of the conventions of journalism I’ve ever seen,” said Johnston, a Pulitzer Prize-winning former reporter for \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has long believed that even bad publicity is better than no publicity. Surprising and provocative statements are both a tool to keep the audience paying attention and a negotiating tactic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I always say we have to be unpredictable,” Trump told the \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-partisan/wp/2016/03/21/a-transcript-of-donald-trumps-meeting-with-the-washington-post-editorial-board/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington Post\u003c/a>\u003c/em> editorial board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything for Trump is a negotiation. And much of his campaign was based on the idea that the U.S. has been getting a bad bargain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You look at what the world is doing to us at every level, whether it’s militarily or in trade or so many other levels, the world is taking advantage of the United States,” Trump told CNN. “And it’s driving us into literally being a third-world nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a businessman, Trump has a long history of using pressure tactics to drive hard bargains. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2016/06/09/donald-trump-unpaid-bills-republican-president-laswuits/85297274/\">USA Today\u003c/a>\u003c/em> found hundreds of examples in which employees and contractors accused Trump of not paying them for their work. They sometimes settled for less than they were owed, rather than face a lengthy legal battle against Trump and his deep pockets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Trump argues that if the U.S. puts pressure on other countries — by imposing import tariffs or demanding payment for military protection — they’ll quickly back down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some foreign policy scholars are not convinced this zero-sum mindset is appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By threatening to drive harder bargains, he might manage to eke out a slightly larger share of the pie,” said Daniel Drezner of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. “But he also threatens to blow up that pie in the process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stock market has sent \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/03/500545402/as-trumps-odds-of-victory-rise-financial-markets-get-nervous\">clear signals\u003c/a> that investors are worried about the economic fallout from a Trump administration. According to one estimate, the S&P 500 index will be worth 12 percent less under Trump than it would have been had Clinton been elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Count on the president-elect to loudly hype any success while downplaying any setback. And if that requires bending the truth a bit, so be it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want to believe that something is the biggest and the greatest and the most spectacular,” Trump wrote in his best-selling 1987 book \u003cem>The Art of the Deal\u003c/em>. “It’s an innocent form of exaggeration — and a very effective form of promotion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If history is any guide, the new Trump administration will not be overly constrained by facts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has shamelessly exaggerated the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/02/nyregion/donald-trump-tower-heights.html?_r=1\">height of his buildings\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/04/us/politics/donald-trump-money.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news\">size of his profits\u003c/a>, and even the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/10/29/yes-donald-trumps-crowds-are-big-but-not-quite-as-yuge-as-he-often-claims/\">number of people who showed up\u003c/a> to cheer his presidential bid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have a huge crowd, and Trump draws huge crowds, there’s no need to exaggerate,” Johnston said. “Except in Donald’s mind where big is never big enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t expect that to stop now that he has achieved the biggest and most powerful office in the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Wins.+Now+What%3F++&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Donald Trump’s presidential campaign, like the business career that preceded it, was unpredictable, undisciplined and unreliable. Despite those qualities — or perhaps, in part, because of them — it was also successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what should we expect from President-elect Trump, mindful that his path to the White House has defied expectations at every turn?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of Trump’s ambitions have been clearly telegraphed: He plans to build a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico, deport millions of criminal immigrants, unwind trade deals dating back more than two decades and repeal Obamacare. He has also promised to cut taxes and eliminate numerous government regulations — including power plant rules designed to combat global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the presidential pen and a friendly Republican Congress, Trump should have little trouble delivering on those promises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump’s campaign never really revolved around specific policy prescriptions. His agenda is not anchored to ideology but rather shaped by instinct and expedience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump operates very much from his gut,” said David Cay Johnston, author of \u003cem>The Making of Donald Trump\u003c/em>. “The guiding philosophy of Trump is whatever is in it for his interests at the moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When his initial tax plan prompted sticker shock among fiscal watchdogs, Trump readily shaved trillions of dollars off the bottom line. (His new plan is still a budget buster, though.) His impulsive call to ban Muslim immigrants gradually morphed into a vague prescription for “extreme vetting.” And he hastily concocted a plan to help working parents only after his daughter trumpeted a vaporware version at the GOP convention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That flexibility seems to be just fine with tens of millions of supporters who trust Trump’s instincts and assume his success will boost the country as a whole. The campaign slogan “Make America Great Again,” which Trump trademarked just days after the 2012 election, is both vague and malleable enough to accommodate whatever nostalgic and aspirational vision his followers want to attach to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters point to the way Trump rescued a New York skating rink that languished for years in the 1980s under city government supervision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What had taken the city over half a decade to botch, my father completed in less than six months, two months ahead of schedule and over a million dollars under budget,” Eric Trump told delegates at the Republican National Convention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Backers hope the incoming president will bring similar accountability to the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Trump’s first tasks will be staffing up for a new administration. The celebrity businessman who turned “You’re fired!” into a catchphrase will soon be doing a lot of hiring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will harness the creative talents of our people,” Trump told supporters at a victory party early Wednesday. “And we will call upon the best and brightest to leverage their tremendous talent for the benefit of all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friends say assembling high-performing teams is one of the president-elect’s strengths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He pushes everybody around him, including you, through comfort barriers that they never thought they could ever shatter,” said Colony Capital CEO Tom Barrack, who delivered a testimonial for Trump at the party convention in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s daughter Ivanka told delegates her father has always promoted on the basis of merit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Competence in the building trades is easy to spot,” she said at the convention in July. “And incompetence is impossible to hide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In politics and in business, Trump has kept his organizations lean. He had only about \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/288867-trump-lags-behind-clinton-in-campaign-staff-pollsters\">one-tenth\u003c/a> of the staff Hillary Clinton had, heading into the final months of the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s aides are often long on loyalty and short on formal credentials. \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/07/2016-donald-trump-boss-employer-company-hired-fired-employees-workers-management-business-214020\">Politico\u003c/a> noted that the chief operating officer of the Trump Organization was initially hired to be a bodyguard, after Trump spotted him working security at the U.S. Open tennis tournament.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump may delegate, but there’s no doubt who’s in charge. Even if he fills his Cabinet with big personalities — Newt Gingrich has been floated for secretary of state and Rudy Giuliani for attorney general — Trump is not likely to share the spotlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only quote that matters is a quote from me!” Trump tweeted this summer, urging journalists to pay no attention to his subordinates. As late as Friday, he boasted that he didn’t need other celebrities to attract large crowds to his rallies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t have to bring JLo or Jay Z,” Trump said, mocking Hillary Clinton’s reliance on big-name warmup acts. “I am here all by myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, who prides himself on being a counter-puncher, can also be expected to use the levers of government to target his political rivals. He has already threatened on live television to appoint a special prosecutor to investigate Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump’s philosophy, which he’s written and spoken about for many years, is to get revenge,” Johnston said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once Trump is in the White House, the news media will remain firmly focused on the new commander in chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Donald is the most masterful manipulator of the conventions of journalism I’ve ever seen,” said Johnston, a Pulitzer Prize-winning former reporter for \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has long believed that even bad publicity is better than no publicity. Surprising and provocative statements are both a tool to keep the audience paying attention and a negotiating tactic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I always say we have to be unpredictable,” Trump told the \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-partisan/wp/2016/03/21/a-transcript-of-donald-trumps-meeting-with-the-washington-post-editorial-board/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Washington Post\u003c/a>\u003c/em> editorial board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything for Trump is a negotiation. And much of his campaign was based on the idea that the U.S. has been getting a bad bargain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You look at what the world is doing to us at every level, whether it’s militarily or in trade or so many other levels, the world is taking advantage of the United States,” Trump told CNN. “And it’s driving us into literally being a third-world nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a businessman, Trump has a long history of using pressure tactics to drive hard bargains. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2016/06/09/donald-trump-unpaid-bills-republican-president-laswuits/85297274/\">USA Today\u003c/a>\u003c/em> found hundreds of examples in which employees and contractors accused Trump of not paying them for their work. They sometimes settled for less than they were owed, rather than face a lengthy legal battle against Trump and his deep pockets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Trump argues that if the U.S. puts pressure on other countries — by imposing import tariffs or demanding payment for military protection — they’ll quickly back down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some foreign policy scholars are not convinced this zero-sum mindset is appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By threatening to drive harder bargains, he might manage to eke out a slightly larger share of the pie,” said Daniel Drezner of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. “But he also threatens to blow up that pie in the process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stock market has sent \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/03/500545402/as-trumps-odds-of-victory-rise-financial-markets-get-nervous\">clear signals\u003c/a> that investors are worried about the economic fallout from a Trump administration. According to one estimate, the S&P 500 index will be worth 12 percent less under Trump than it would have been had Clinton been elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Count on the president-elect to loudly hype any success while downplaying any setback. And if that requires bending the truth a bit, so be it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want to believe that something is the biggest and the greatest and the most spectacular,” Trump wrote in his best-selling 1987 book \u003cem>The Art of the Deal\u003c/em>. “It’s an innocent form of exaggeration — and a very effective form of promotion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If history is any guide, the new Trump administration will not be overly constrained by facts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has shamelessly exaggerated the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/02/nyregion/donald-trump-tower-heights.html?_r=1\">height of his buildings\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/04/us/politics/donald-trump-money.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news\">size of his profits\u003c/a>, and even the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/10/29/yes-donald-trumps-crowds-are-big-but-not-quite-as-yuge-as-he-often-claims/\">number of people who showed up\u003c/a> to cheer his presidential bid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have a huge crowd, and Trump draws huge crowds, there’s no need to exaggerate,” Johnston said. “Except in Donald’s mind where big is never big enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t expect that to stop now that he has achieved the biggest and most powerful office in the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Wins.+Now+What%3F++&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Donald Trump will be the next president of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s remarkable for all sorts of reasons: He has no governmental experience, for example. And many times during his campaign, he said things that inflamed large swaths of Americans, whether it was talking about grabbing women’s genitals or calling Mexican immigrants “rapists” and playing up crimes committed by immigrants, including drug crimes and murders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But right now, it’s also remarkable because almost no one saw it coming. All major forecasters predicted a Hillary Clinton win, whether moderately or by a landslide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We don’t know just yet why pollsters and forecasters got it wrong, but here’s what made this electorate so different from the one that elected Barack Obama by 4 points in 2012. To be clear, it’s impossible to break any election results out into fully discrete demographic groups or trends — race, gender and class are interconnected, impossible-to-disentangle phenomena. But, for now, here’s what the exit polls, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/election/results/exit-polls/national/president\">as reported by CNN\u003c/a>, do tell us about a few of those trends that handed this election to Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Men backed Trump\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women’s voting preferences haven’t shifted much since the time when they preferred Obama by 11 points. However, men swung more heavily Republican, by the latest exits. In 2012, men preferred Mitt Romney by 7 points. This year, they preferred Trump by almost double that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exact counts are still likely to shift a bit but, right now, 24 percentage points separate America’s women from America’s men in the latest exit polls — that is, women preferred Clinton by 12 points, while men preferred Trump by 12 points. If that ends up being the final tally, it will be the largest gap measured by exit polls since at least the 1950s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Non-college-educated whites, in particular, love Trump\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump specifically appealed to whites during this election, and they clearly preferred him at the polls — right now, his margin of victory among them is roughly the same as Romney’s in 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/election/2012/results/race/president/\">which was 20 points\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s a massive fissure between college- and non-college-educated whites. Romney won non-college-educated whites by 26 points, according to polling data \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/08/501069216/5-exit-poll-numbers-to-watch-on-election-night\">provided to NPR\u003c/a> by the Pew Research Center. Currently, exit polling shows Trump’s margin among that group to be roughly 1½ times that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, college-educated whites appear to have preferred Trump slightly, according to current exit poll figures (which, once again, could still shift some). That would mean Trump moderately underperformed Romney, who won this group by 14 points, according to the data from Pew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, that would still essentially be a win for Trump, considering that at one point, it looked like Trump might be the \u003ca href=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/trump-may-become-the-first-republican-in-60-years-to-lose-white-college-graduates/\">first Republican in decades\u003c/a> to lose white, college-educated Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Clinton failed to perform in key counties\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton underperformed Obama — sometimes heavily — in key counties in swing states. For example, Obama beat Romney by more than 381,000 votes in Wayne County, Michigan — by far the state’s most populous county. Clinton beat Trump there only by around 287,000 votes, meaning there’s a more than 90,000-vote gap between her win and Obama’s win there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Cuyahoga County, Ohio — home to Cleveland — Trump drew about 4,500 fewer voters than Romney did in 2012. However, Clinton drew almost 37,000 fewer, giving her a much smaller win there than Obama scored in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, where it appeared Trump had a much bigger early lead (as we reported earlier), the gap closed considerably as the hours wore on, to around 6,700, by the latest data. Likewise, Clinton trailed Obama’s margin in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, by around 10,000 votes. Those aren’t huge gaps, but they do reflect the broader national trend of Clinton losing a bit here, a bit there … adding up to a loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Conservatives don’t seem married to traditional conservatism\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the numbers for conservatives are looking about the same this year as they did in 2012 — that is, around 80 percent of them went for the Republican candidate in both elections. And in both, they made up just over one-third of the electorate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, then, Trump is not at all the kind of conservative that Romney was; indeed, he’s not at all a traditional conservative. Trump has rejected free trade agreements, called for \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/03/us/politics/trump-clinton-infrastructure.html\">up to $1 trillion\u003c/a> in government spending on infrastructure, and introduced a tax plan that could balloon the debt by $7.2 trillion in one decade, \u003ca href=\"http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/publications/analysis-donald-trumps-revised-tax-plan\">by one estimate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it pretty clear that Trump voters weren’t driven by far-right ideology (unless many self-proclaimed conservatives had big changes of heart since 2012). Trump’s populist, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/10/01/494249104/trump-and-the-testosterone-takeover-of-2016\">overtly masculine\u003c/a>, anti-PC appeal helped him vault past Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the GOP controlling both the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/09/500711970/republicans-keep-control-of-the-senate-as-democrats-largely-falter\">Senate\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/06/500939010/2016-house-election-results-for-congressional-races\">House\u003c/a>, the question now is how Trump will square his brand of conservatism with that of his congressional counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Those leery white evangelicals? They weren’t so leery after all\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the polls show that 81 percent of white, self-described evangelicals voted for Trump. That doesn’t look too different from 2012, when 78 percent of white, born-again Christians (a term that pollsters often use in place of, or in conjunction with, the term “evangelical Christians”) chose Romney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of which is to say that despite \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/01/500183772/evangelicals-face-a-gender-split-over-trump\">white women evangelicals’\u003c/a> apparent reluctance to choose Trump, and despite some evangelical leaders’ arguments against Trump, this group in the end didn’t shift much at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trump did well among voters who didn’t really like him\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d think that when people see a candidate unfavorably, they’d vote against that candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That didn’t happen this year — at least, not the way it did in 2012. In 2012, 94 percent of voters who saw Obama unfavorably chose Romney. Likewise, 92 percent who saw Romney unfavorably chose Obama.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as Amy Walter pointed out at the Cook Political Report Tuesday morning, 77 percent of voters who saw Trump unfavorably voted for Clinton; 15 percent of those people still voted for him. The numbers were slightly less stark among Democrats — only 82 percent of people who saw Clinton unfavorably chose Trump; 11 percent chose her anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Update: \u003c/strong>This post was updated at 8:32 a.m. with the section about Trump and Clinton’s favorability numbers.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Trump+Won%2C+According+To+The+Exit+Polls&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Donald Trump will be the next president of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s remarkable for all sorts of reasons: He has no governmental experience, for example. And many times during his campaign, he said things that inflamed large swaths of Americans, whether it was talking about grabbing women’s genitals or calling Mexican immigrants “rapists” and playing up crimes committed by immigrants, including drug crimes and murders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But right now, it’s also remarkable because almost no one saw it coming. All major forecasters predicted a Hillary Clinton win, whether moderately or by a landslide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We don’t know just yet why pollsters and forecasters got it wrong, but here’s what made this electorate so different from the one that elected Barack Obama by 4 points in 2012. To be clear, it’s impossible to break any election results out into fully discrete demographic groups or trends — race, gender and class are interconnected, impossible-to-disentangle phenomena. But, for now, here’s what the exit polls, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/election/results/exit-polls/national/president\">as reported by CNN\u003c/a>, do tell us about a few of those trends that handed this election to Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Men backed Trump\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women’s voting preferences haven’t shifted much since the time when they preferred Obama by 11 points. However, men swung more heavily Republican, by the latest exits. In 2012, men preferred Mitt Romney by 7 points. This year, they preferred Trump by almost double that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exact counts are still likely to shift a bit but, right now, 24 percentage points separate America’s women from America’s men in the latest exit polls — that is, women preferred Clinton by 12 points, while men preferred Trump by 12 points. If that ends up being the final tally, it will be the largest gap measured by exit polls since at least the 1950s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Non-college-educated whites, in particular, love Trump\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump specifically appealed to whites during this election, and they clearly preferred him at the polls — right now, his margin of victory among them is roughly the same as Romney’s in 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/election/2012/results/race/president/\">which was 20 points\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s a massive fissure between college- and non-college-educated whites. Romney won non-college-educated whites by 26 points, according to polling data \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/08/501069216/5-exit-poll-numbers-to-watch-on-election-night\">provided to NPR\u003c/a> by the Pew Research Center. Currently, exit polling shows Trump’s margin among that group to be roughly 1½ times that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, college-educated whites appear to have preferred Trump slightly, according to current exit poll figures (which, once again, could still shift some). That would mean Trump moderately underperformed Romney, who won this group by 14 points, according to the data from Pew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, that would still essentially be a win for Trump, considering that at one point, it looked like Trump might be the \u003ca href=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/trump-may-become-the-first-republican-in-60-years-to-lose-white-college-graduates/\">first Republican in decades\u003c/a> to lose white, college-educated Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Clinton failed to perform in key counties\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton underperformed Obama — sometimes heavily — in key counties in swing states. For example, Obama beat Romney by more than 381,000 votes in Wayne County, Michigan — by far the state’s most populous county. Clinton beat Trump there only by around 287,000 votes, meaning there’s a more than 90,000-vote gap between her win and Obama’s win there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Cuyahoga County, Ohio — home to Cleveland — Trump drew about 4,500 fewer voters than Romney did in 2012. However, Clinton drew almost 37,000 fewer, giving her a much smaller win there than Obama scored in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, where it appeared Trump had a much bigger early lead (as we reported earlier), the gap closed considerably as the hours wore on, to around 6,700, by the latest data. Likewise, Clinton trailed Obama’s margin in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, by around 10,000 votes. Those aren’t huge gaps, but they do reflect the broader national trend of Clinton losing a bit here, a bit there … adding up to a loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Conservatives don’t seem married to traditional conservatism\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the numbers for conservatives are looking about the same this year as they did in 2012 — that is, around 80 percent of them went for the Republican candidate in both elections. And in both, they made up just over one-third of the electorate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, then, Trump is not at all the kind of conservative that Romney was; indeed, he’s not at all a traditional conservative. Trump has rejected free trade agreements, called for \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/03/us/politics/trump-clinton-infrastructure.html\">up to $1 trillion\u003c/a> in government spending on infrastructure, and introduced a tax plan that could balloon the debt by $7.2 trillion in one decade, \u003ca href=\"http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/publications/analysis-donald-trumps-revised-tax-plan\">by one estimate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it pretty clear that Trump voters weren’t driven by far-right ideology (unless many self-proclaimed conservatives had big changes of heart since 2012). Trump’s populist, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/10/01/494249104/trump-and-the-testosterone-takeover-of-2016\">overtly masculine\u003c/a>, anti-PC appeal helped him vault past Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the GOP controlling both the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/09/500711970/republicans-keep-control-of-the-senate-as-democrats-largely-falter\">Senate\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/06/500939010/2016-house-election-results-for-congressional-races\">House\u003c/a>, the question now is how Trump will square his brand of conservatism with that of his congressional counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Those leery white evangelicals? They weren’t so leery after all\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, the polls show that 81 percent of white, self-described evangelicals voted for Trump. That doesn’t look too different from 2012, when 78 percent of white, born-again Christians (a term that pollsters often use in place of, or in conjunction with, the term “evangelical Christians”) chose Romney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of which is to say that despite \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/01/500183772/evangelicals-face-a-gender-split-over-trump\">white women evangelicals’\u003c/a> apparent reluctance to choose Trump, and despite some evangelical leaders’ arguments against Trump, this group in the end didn’t shift much at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trump did well among voters who didn’t really like him\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d think that when people see a candidate unfavorably, they’d vote against that candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That didn’t happen this year — at least, not the way it did in 2012. In 2012, 94 percent of voters who saw Obama unfavorably chose Romney. Likewise, 92 percent who saw Romney unfavorably chose Obama.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as Amy Walter pointed out at the Cook Political Report Tuesday morning, 77 percent of voters who saw Trump unfavorably voted for Clinton; 15 percent of those people still voted for him. The numbers were slightly less stark among Democrats — only 82 percent of people who saw Clinton unfavorably chose Trump; 11 percent chose her anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Update: \u003c/strong>This post was updated at 8:32 a.m. with the section about Trump and Clinton’s favorability numbers.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Trump+Won%2C+According+To+The+Exit+Polls&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Financial Markets Plunge and Recover as Trump Emerges Victorious",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated to reflect market performance as of 11:20 a.m. Wednesday.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Financial markets like certainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday night, as the presidential election’s outcome headed toward a Trump victory, stock futures plunged. Investors had bet heavily Monday on Democrat Hillary Clinton. But as Republican Donald Trump picked up many more votes than polls had predicted, markets reacted violently to the change in expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the board, it turned ugly for equities, currencies and Treasurys. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cboe.com/\">CBOE Volatility Index\u003c/a>, a measure of investor fear, showed a 30 percent spike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japan’s Nikkei index closed down more than 5 percent. Pre-opening trading in Dow futures was down 4.6 percent at one point but recovered more than half its losses as the night wore on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By mid-morning Pacific Standard Time, Treasurys had more than recovered, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/european-stocks-dive-2-as-trump-s-startling-victory-sends-global-markets-into-disarray-1478679094\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">as had the S&P 500\u003c/a>, the Nasdaq and the Dow Jones Industrial Average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shock of this presidential race is hitting markets just months after voters in Britain stunned the world with their Brexit vote to leave the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the summer and into the fall, U.S. markets were relatively quiet as investors became confident that Clinton would win. Then in late October, when it appeared the FBI would reopen an investigation into questions about Clinton’s email, stocks began a steady fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nine straight days, the S&P 500 drifted down. But that sentiment turned around when the FBI said it had found nothing new that would trigger further action. On Monday, markets rebounded, with investors again becoming confident of a Clinton victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investors generally saw her as a well-known figure whose economic policies would be similar to President Obama’s. In contrast, Trump’s positions are less clearly spelled out, and businesses generally oppose his key position: tearing up existing trade agreements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With so much uncertainty, investors shifted money out of stock futures and into safe havens. The Japanese yen shot up against the U.S. dollar while the Mexican peso fell. Gold rose. Ten-year U.S. Treasurys fell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post: 7 p.m. Tuesday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The financial markets are not liking the early results of the presidential elections. All three major stock exchanges have plummeted about 3 percent in pre-market trading. At one point the Dow was down 500 points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other economic indicators were also reacting to the uncertainty: Gold rallied and the Mexican peso dropped 8 percent, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2016/11/08/mexican-peso-hits-2-month-high-against-us-dollar-as-election-day-kicks-off.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to CNBC\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to brokers, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/markets-ricochet-as-clinton-trump-trade-lead-in-florida-1478654413\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Wall Street Journal compares\u003c/a> the volatility to what happened as markets came to terms with the United Kingdom’s vote to exit the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rightly or wrongly, markets are going to be concerned about a Trump victory, particularly given the potential consequences for world trade and its impact on many large companies in the U.S. stock market,” said Ric Spooner, chief analyst at CMC Markets in Sydney. “Like Brexit, the rally over the last two days increases the downside potential if Donald Trump does win the election,” he added, referring to Britain’s unexpected vote to leave the European Union that shook world markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asian shares have also shed early gains, tumbling Wednesday as Donald Trump gained the lead in the electoral vote count. Earlier, investors had appeared persuaded that Hillary Clinton, seen as a more stable choice, would prevail,\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated to reflect market performance as of 11:20 a.m. Wednesday.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Financial markets like certainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday night, as the presidential election’s outcome headed toward a Trump victory, stock futures plunged. Investors had bet heavily Monday on Democrat Hillary Clinton. But as Republican Donald Trump picked up many more votes than polls had predicted, markets reacted violently to the change in expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the board, it turned ugly for equities, currencies and Treasurys. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cboe.com/\">CBOE Volatility Index\u003c/a>, a measure of investor fear, showed a 30 percent spike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japan’s Nikkei index closed down more than 5 percent. Pre-opening trading in Dow futures was down 4.6 percent at one point but recovered more than half its losses as the night wore on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By mid-morning Pacific Standard Time, Treasurys had more than recovered, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/european-stocks-dive-2-as-trump-s-startling-victory-sends-global-markets-into-disarray-1478679094\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">as had the S&P 500\u003c/a>, the Nasdaq and the Dow Jones Industrial Average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shock of this presidential race is hitting markets just months after voters in Britain stunned the world with their Brexit vote to leave the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the summer and into the fall, U.S. markets were relatively quiet as investors became confident that Clinton would win. Then in late October, when it appeared the FBI would reopen an investigation into questions about Clinton’s email, stocks began a steady fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nine straight days, the S&P 500 drifted down. But that sentiment turned around when the FBI said it had found nothing new that would trigger further action. On Monday, markets rebounded, with investors again becoming confident of a Clinton victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investors generally saw her as a well-known figure whose economic policies would be similar to President Obama’s. In contrast, Trump’s positions are less clearly spelled out, and businesses generally oppose his key position: tearing up existing trade agreements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With so much uncertainty, investors shifted money out of stock futures and into safe havens. The Japanese yen shot up against the U.S. dollar while the Mexican peso fell. Gold rose. Ten-year U.S. Treasurys fell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post: 7 p.m. Tuesday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The financial markets are not liking the early results of the presidential elections. All three major stock exchanges have plummeted about 3 percent in pre-market trading. At one point the Dow was down 500 points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other economic indicators were also reacting to the uncertainty: Gold rallied and the Mexican peso dropped 8 percent, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2016/11/08/mexican-peso-hits-2-month-high-against-us-dollar-as-election-day-kicks-off.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to CNBC\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to brokers, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/markets-ricochet-as-clinton-trump-trade-lead-in-florida-1478654413\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Wall Street Journal compares\u003c/a> the volatility to what happened as markets came to terms with the United Kingdom’s vote to exit the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rightly or wrongly, markets are going to be concerned about a Trump victory, particularly given the potential consequences for world trade and its impact on many large companies in the U.S. stock market,” said Ric Spooner, chief analyst at CMC Markets in Sydney. “Like Brexit, the rally over the last two days increases the downside potential if Donald Trump does win the election,” he added, referring to Britain’s unexpected vote to leave the European Union that shook world markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asian shares have also shed early gains, tumbling Wednesday as Donald Trump gained the lead in the electoral vote count. Earlier, investors had appeared persuaded that Hillary Clinton, seen as a more stable choice, would prevail,\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Canada’s Immigration and Citizenship site has been down for hours — apparently due to a spike in searches by Americans watching the presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Search traffic for “Canada immigration,” “Canada” and “move to Canada” has increased in the United States relative to the last seven days, according to Google Trends. Google reports that the search terms were particularly popular in Oregon, Washington, Vermont and California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Business Insider \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/canadian-immigration-site-crash-election-2016-11\">reports\u003c/a> that a story called “\u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-move-canada-2016-11\">How to move to Canada and become a Canadian citizen\u003c/a>” has been the top story on the site on Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wayback Machine has an archive of the currently inaccessible site, if you’re curious, including the page with information on \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20160715203209/http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/immigrate/index.asp\">“how you can immigrate to Canada.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will anyone actually do it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR’s Danielle Kurtzleben took \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/03/30/472279572/do-americans-actually-follow-through-on-election-threats-to-move-to-canada\">a long look\u003c/a> at that question earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every election, there’s that chorus of people who insist they are moving to Canada if candidate so-and-so wins. Everyone knows these people. They’re tweeting and \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/google-searches-move-to-canada-donald-trump-super-tuesday\">Googling\u003c/a> about it as you read this,” she wrote. (Which is undoubtedly true right now.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Determining how many people actually follow through is surprisingly difficult, Kurtzleben found. The short answer is: a few, but probably for reasons more complicated than pure politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Canada%27s+Immigration+Website+Has+Been+Down+For+Hours&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Canada’s Immigration and Citizenship site has been down for hours — apparently due to a spike in searches by Americans watching the presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Search traffic for “Canada immigration,” “Canada” and “move to Canada” has increased in the United States relative to the last seven days, according to Google Trends. Google reports that the search terms were particularly popular in Oregon, Washington, Vermont and California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Business Insider \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/canadian-immigration-site-crash-election-2016-11\">reports\u003c/a> that a story called “\u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-move-canada-2016-11\">How to move to Canada and become a Canadian citizen\u003c/a>” has been the top story on the site on Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wayback Machine has an archive of the currently inaccessible site, if you’re curious, including the page with information on \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20160715203209/http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/immigrate/index.asp\">“how you can immigrate to Canada.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will anyone actually do it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR’s Danielle Kurtzleben took \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/03/30/472279572/do-americans-actually-follow-through-on-election-threats-to-move-to-canada\">a long look\u003c/a> at that question earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every election, there’s that chorus of people who insist they are moving to Canada if candidate so-and-so wins. Everyone knows these people. They’re tweeting and \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/google-searches-move-to-canada-donald-trump-super-tuesday\">Googling\u003c/a> about it as you read this,” she wrote. (Which is undoubtedly true right now.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Determining how many people actually follow through is surprisingly difficult, Kurtzleben found. The short answer is: a few, but probably for reasons more complicated than pure politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Canada%27s+Immigration+Website+Has+Been+Down+For+Hours&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Even if Hillary Clinton does win the White House on Tuesday, the tightening of the presidential race in the final week has been the most detrimental to Democrats' down-ballot hopes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In mid-October, Clinton's campaign looked like it would easily cruise to a win. Then, rising ObamaCare premiums hit, along with possible new emails that surfaced related to her private server. Subsequently, polls across the board began to show closer races. Even though FBI Director James Comey said Sunday afternoon that the FBI's original decision \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/06/500929164/comey-we-have-not-changed-our-conclusions-as-fbi-finishes-clinton-email-review\">not to recommend charges\u003c/a> against Clinton stands, any momentum Democrats hoped to get in House races from a big Clinton victory has now likely dissipated. And a fairly on-message, disciplined Trump in the final days has helped Republicans as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In our initial rankings of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/10/24/499082622/house-top-40-flipping-control-still-a-tough-task-for-democrats\">top 40 competitive congressional districts\u003c/a> two weeks ago, we wrote that a good night for Democrats would be flipping 20 districts. However, that still left them shy of the 30 seats they need to win back the House majority. Now, 12 to 15 seats would be a very good night, back to pretty much where it was when the cycle started. Democrats, though, hope the latest news in the FBI saga — again clearing Clinton — could boost them on Election Day. But even fewer Democratic gains are possible, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats' biggest problems remain that there simply aren't enough districts ripe for them to flip, and likely won't be until the next round of redistricting before the 2022 elections. And in some of the places where they have to pick up seats — like upstate New York, Iowa and more blue-collar areas of Michigan and Wisconsin — Trump remains relatively popular and isn't necessarily the drag on GOP candidates he is elsewhere in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump does complicate GOP hopes in districts with heavy Hispanic populations in places like Florida, Texas and California. And several longtime Republican incumbents have simple been caught asleep at the wheel, not taking their races — and the impact of Trump in their district — seriously until too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Republicans' \"check and balance\" argument also seems to be resonating with voters. The GOP hopes that even if Clinton wins, voters who may not like either candidate will split their tickets and make sure there is a check on a possible Clinton administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a rundown of the particulars in many of these races, the summaries we did two weeks ago remain relatively unchanged. We have a guide below of which races to watch on Election Night, and have reranked the pickup targets for each party in likelihood of which districts are most probable to flip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003cbr>\n[LikelyToFlip]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember, Democrats will likely already net a total of at least two districts due to mid-decade court-ordered redistricting — two, possibly three, in Florida and one in Virginia. Republicans will also net one district in Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some of the big themes in congressional races and types of districts to keep an eye on Tuesday night:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. GOP Veterans in Trouble\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some of the Republican incumbents most likely to lose may have themselves mostly to blame. Florida Rep. John Mica, for example, didn't take his redrawn seat with plenty of new territory into account, coupled with possible Trump backlash in a district with a growing Hispanic population. But he also didn't have the fundamental basics of a campaign either, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/john-mica-reelection-fight-230530\">admitted\u003c/a> just two weeks ago that he doesn't have a campaign manager or a full-time communications director. National Republicans have been forced to spend heavily to try and save the former House Transportation Committee chairman, but even that may not be enough. And even though his opponent, Stephanie Murphy, a college professor and national security consultant, got a late start in the race, she's proved to be a very formidable candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former House Oversight Committee Chairman Darrell Issa also didn't look like he was taking his race seriously until very late either. The California Republican is the wealthiest member of Congress and could have spent unlimited amounts to save himself early on, but \u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/article/politics-and-government/11125809/political-vet-in-surprisingly-tough-race-with-a-political-unknown\" target=\"_blank\">now he finds himself in a dogfight\u003c/a> against retired Marine Col. Doug Applegate. His district is a volatile one anyway — Obama narrowly won it in 2008 but then Mitt Romney carried it by almost 7 points — and its stretch from parts of Orange County to northern San Diego is certainly not Trump country. Issa's even been pointing out areas where he's agreed with Obama, which the president \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/10/obama-issa-darrell-230218\">said\u003c/a> was the \"definition of chutzpah\" from the dogged former chief House investigator who went after his administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11163895\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11163895\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-800x513.jpg\" alt=\"California Rep. Darrell Issa arrives for a U.S. House Oversight and Government Reform Committee hearing in 2014. \" width=\"800\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-800x513.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-1180x757.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-960x616.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-240x154.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-520x334.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Rep. Darrell Issa arrives for a U.S. House Oversight and Government Reform Committee hearing in 2014. \u003ccite>(Nicholas Kamm/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>New Jersey Republican Scott Garrett also finds himself in hot water because of comments he reportedly made last cycle disparaging the National Republican Congressional Committee for supporting gay candidates. That's hurt his ability to fundraise from his usual top financial firms. Meanwhile, his Democratic opponent, former Microsoft executive Josh Gottheimer, has outraised him and allowed him to point to Garrett's very conservative record that many voters weren't aware of. Democrats like their chances a lot here, while Republicans don't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there's New Hampshire Rep. Frank Guinta, who's facing off against former Democratic Rep. Carol Shea Porter for the fourth time. They've traded this district back and forth since 2010, and last year Guinta found himself embroiled in a campaign finance scandal. He narrowly won his primary, and Republicans really wish he hadn't. He was still doing surprisingly well at one point, but probably won't hang on.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Hispanic District Headaches for Republicans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some of Republicans' strongest incumbents come from districts with rising Latino populations, which makes this a nightmare year for them to try and overcome the top of the ticket. Florida Rep. Carlos Curbelo is a rising GOP star, and in a normal year would again probably beat former Democratic Rep. Joe Garcia, who has plenty of damaging baggage. Curbelo isn't supporting Trump, but it still might not be enough for him in his Miami district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same is true for Texas Rep. Will Hurd, one of just two African-American Republicans in the House. Hurd has also denounced Trump. The former CIA operative represents an expansive district, which reaches from El Paso to San Antonio along over 800 miles of the Mexican border. Former Democratic Rep. Pete Gallego is hoping Hispanic voters who didn't show up two years ago will help him win this seat back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several California seats are giving Republicans headaches, too. Rep. Jeff Denham wasn't a top worry earlier in the year, especially given that he beat his Democratic challenger Michael Eggman by 10 points just two years ago. But now their rematch in this 40 percent Hispanic district is much tighter than anyone thought it would be. However, this district also doesn't have a large share of college-educated voters either, so Republicans hope Trump won't be enough of a drag to hurt Denham. Still, there's no race at the top of the ticket in California to motivate GOP voters who may not like Trump to turn out anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11163953\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11163953\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-800x940.jpg\" alt=\"Republican California Rep. Jeff Denham is battling Democratic challenger Michael Eggman in a rematch that's much tighter than anyone thought it would be.\" width=\"800\" height=\"940\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-800x940.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-160x188.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-1020x1199.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-1180x1387.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-960x1128.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-240x282.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-375x441.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-520x611.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Republican California Rep. Jeff Denham is battling Democratic challenger Michael Eggman in a rematch that's much tighter than anyone thought it would be. \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And Rep. David Valadao represents a Central Valley district that's over 70 percent Hispanic, which should make him ripe for a loss. The strong incumbent looked to be safe for a long time, especially since he was running against a weak challenger in Emilio Huerta, son of famed labor leader Dolores Huerta, who barely survived the primary and has also barely any money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic superPAC House Majority PAC went in here late, hoping it was becoming more competitive, but it's still a long shot. It also illustrates that some of these contests could be much more competitive for Democrats with better candidates in some districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nevada could be the real place that gives Democrats at least one, maybe two, prime pickups, especially with encouraging turnout numbers for Democrats and Latinos on the final day of early voting. Veteran Nevada political analyst Jon Ralston \u003ca href=\"http://www.rgj.com/story/news/politics/2016/11/05/ralston-how-deep-does-blue-wave-go/93349220/\">analyzed\u003c/a> the early numbers and predicted that freshman Rep. Cresent Hardy is likely toast. The open seat of GOP Rep. Joe Heck, who's running for Senate, may be as well, even though that one's more favorable for Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. The Election Night Bellwethers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Look at these districts to see just how big Democratic pickups will be on Tuesday night. We profiled the race in Virginia's 10th District, maybe one of the best bellwethers in the country to see whether Democrats' efforts to tie Republican incumbents to Trump will be effective and if real estate developer LuAnn Bennett can win this suburban Northern Virginia district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Philadelphia suburbs have also been challenging for Trump and for GOP Sen. Pat Toomey. Both parties think the 8th District open seat race between Brian Fitzpatrick, who's running to succeed his retiring brother Mike, and Democratic state Rep. Steve Santarsiero, could be one of the closest in the country on Election Night. Both these Virginia and Pennsylvania seats are the types of ones that Democrats can't afford to lose if they want to make significant gains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Demographics and partisan breakdown alone show that GOP Rep. Mike Coffman, representing Aurora and the Denver suburbs, should be in trouble in Colorado, should be in trouble. But the four-term congressman worked to separate himself early on from Trump, and this one is harder for Democrats and challenger Morgan Carroll because of his strengths. Still, if Democrats flip this one, it's a good sign other races around the country may follow, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Trump Coattails?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest problems for Democrats is that in some of the seats they need to win to even try and get to 30 seats, Trump isn't really that toxic. Take freshman Rep. Rod Blum — Obama won his northeastern Iowa district by 14 points four years ago, and he's a member of the very conservative Freedom Caucus to boot. But the race is still very much in play in a place Democrats thought would be a relatively easy pickup. Trump is doing very well in the Hawkeye State and will likely win it. This is a heavily white district where less than a quarter of people have college degrees. Priorities USA, the main superPAC backing Clinton, made their \u003ca href=\"http://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/priorities-usa-steps-into-iowa-house-race\">only foray\u003c/a> into congressional races here, and the fact they're spending in what should be a Democratic district shows it's far from a done deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On paper, New York districts should be ripe for Democratic pickups, too. There are five districts there held by Republicans that Obama carried in 2012, but Democrats would be lucky to even win one of them. Polls have shown freshman Republicans Lee Zeldin (Long Island) and John Katko (Syracuse) holding on. And late polls show Republican John Faso leading Democrat Zephyr Teachout in an open GOP-held seat in the Hudson Valley, too. Democrats' best chance for a pickup is in the open Utica-based 22nd District, and even then a victory would be largely because of a three-way race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic targets in Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota are also much harder than they expected, because these are blue-collar, largely white districts where trade, one of the central issues Trump has seized on, is resonating and helping GOP candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. Wave Districts to Watch\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Democrats continue to hope that some other suburban GOP-held districts could go their way if Trump collapses there, though at this juncture that looks increasingly unlikely. Keep an eye on Minnesota Rep. Erik Paulsen in the Twin Cities suburbs. Recent polls showed Clinton leading comfortably there, but so was Paulsen. Democrats have hoped to flip this one for some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colorado Rep. Scott Tipton's massive western Colorado district is another GOP seat Democrats think could go their way if Clinton does incredibly well in the state, but that's again another long shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Kevin Yoder's Kansas City district is another one to keep an eye on. Democrats have hammered him on unpopular education cuts and tied him to Republican Gov. Sam Brownback, whose approval ratings have cratered. Romney carried this district pretty comfortably, but John McCain only barely carried it in 2008. There are growing pockets of Latino populations here, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. Republican Offensive Opportunities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The GOP is almost entirely playing offense this year, which makes sense because they largely maxed out their conference with 247 seats after the 2014 midterms, hitting their largest post-World War II majority ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are a few Democratic-held seats that Republicans could flip as well on Tuesday. Atop that list is the northern Palm Beach County district being vacated by Rep. Patrick Murphy, who's running for Senate. This one performs better for the GOP in presidential years anyway, and Republicans have a great candidate in Army veteran Brian Mast, who lost both of his legs in Afghanistan and was awarded the Purple Heart. Meanwhile, Democratic nominee Randy Perkins, who owns an environmental cleanup company, has proven to be a very volatile and polarizing candidate, and most Democrats concede they'll probably lose this seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no other completely clear-cut wins, but some races are still in play. Nebraska Blue Dog Rep. Brad Ashford's own polling shows he's still winning this district, but Republicans have hope that retired Air Force Brigadier Gen. Don Bacon could pull the upset.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton isn't popular in Minnesota's Iron Range, which makes Republicans optimistic about Republican Stewart Mills' chances in his rematch with Democratic Rep. Rick Nolan after he lost by just over 3,700 votes in 2014. Trump can certainly help Mills here, but Nolan survived in a good GOP year and remains relatively popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Even if Hillary Clinton does win the White House on Tuesday, the tightening of the presidential race in the final week has been the most detrimental to Democrats' down-ballot hopes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In mid-October, Clinton's campaign looked like it would easily cruise to a win. Then, rising ObamaCare premiums hit, along with possible new emails that surfaced related to her private server. Subsequently, polls across the board began to show closer races. Even though FBI Director James Comey said Sunday afternoon that the FBI's original decision \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/11/06/500929164/comey-we-have-not-changed-our-conclusions-as-fbi-finishes-clinton-email-review\">not to recommend charges\u003c/a> against Clinton stands, any momentum Democrats hoped to get in House races from a big Clinton victory has now likely dissipated. And a fairly on-message, disciplined Trump in the final days has helped Republicans as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In our initial rankings of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/10/24/499082622/house-top-40-flipping-control-still-a-tough-task-for-democrats\">top 40 competitive congressional districts\u003c/a> two weeks ago, we wrote that a good night for Democrats would be flipping 20 districts. However, that still left them shy of the 30 seats they need to win back the House majority. Now, 12 to 15 seats would be a very good night, back to pretty much where it was when the cycle started. Democrats, though, hope the latest news in the FBI saga — again clearing Clinton — could boost them on Election Day. But even fewer Democratic gains are possible, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats' biggest problems remain that there simply aren't enough districts ripe for them to flip, and likely won't be until the next round of redistricting before the 2022 elections. And in some of the places where they have to pick up seats — like upstate New York, Iowa and more blue-collar areas of Michigan and Wisconsin — Trump remains relatively popular and isn't necessarily the drag on GOP candidates he is elsewhere in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump does complicate GOP hopes in districts with heavy Hispanic populations in places like Florida, Texas and California. And several longtime Republican incumbents have simple been caught asleep at the wheel, not taking their races — and the impact of Trump in their district — seriously until too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Republicans' \"check and balance\" argument also seems to be resonating with voters. The GOP hopes that even if Clinton wins, voters who may not like either candidate will split their tickets and make sure there is a check on a possible Clinton administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a rundown of the particulars in many of these races, the summaries we did two weeks ago remain relatively unchanged. We have a guide below of which races to watch on Election Night, and have reranked the pickup targets for each party in likelihood of which districts are most probable to flip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003cbr>\n[LikelyToFlip]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember, Democrats will likely already net a total of at least two districts due to mid-decade court-ordered redistricting — two, possibly three, in Florida and one in Virginia. Republicans will also net one district in Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some of the big themes in congressional races and types of districts to keep an eye on Tuesday night:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. GOP Veterans in Trouble\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some of the Republican incumbents most likely to lose may have themselves mostly to blame. Florida Rep. John Mica, for example, didn't take his redrawn seat with plenty of new territory into account, coupled with possible Trump backlash in a district with a growing Hispanic population. But he also didn't have the fundamental basics of a campaign either, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/john-mica-reelection-fight-230530\">admitted\u003c/a> just two weeks ago that he doesn't have a campaign manager or a full-time communications director. National Republicans have been forced to spend heavily to try and save the former House Transportation Committee chairman, but even that may not be enough. And even though his opponent, Stephanie Murphy, a college professor and national security consultant, got a late start in the race, she's proved to be a very formidable candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former House Oversight Committee Chairman Darrell Issa also didn't look like he was taking his race seriously until very late either. The California Republican is the wealthiest member of Congress and could have spent unlimited amounts to save himself early on, but \u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/article/politics-and-government/11125809/political-vet-in-surprisingly-tough-race-with-a-political-unknown\" target=\"_blank\">now he finds himself in a dogfight\u003c/a> against retired Marine Col. Doug Applegate. His district is a volatile one anyway — Obama narrowly won it in 2008 but then Mitt Romney carried it by almost 7 points — and its stretch from parts of Orange County to northern San Diego is certainly not Trump country. Issa's even been pointing out areas where he's agreed with Obama, which the president \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/10/obama-issa-darrell-230218\">said\u003c/a> was the \"definition of chutzpah\" from the dogged former chief House investigator who went after his administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11163895\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11163895\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-800x513.jpg\" alt=\"California Rep. Darrell Issa arrives for a U.S. House Oversight and Government Reform Committee hearing in 2014. \" width=\"800\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-800x513.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-1180x757.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-960x616.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-240x154.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Issa-520x334.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Rep. Darrell Issa arrives for a U.S. House Oversight and Government Reform Committee hearing in 2014. \u003ccite>(Nicholas Kamm/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>New Jersey Republican Scott Garrett also finds himself in hot water because of comments he reportedly made last cycle disparaging the National Republican Congressional Committee for supporting gay candidates. That's hurt his ability to fundraise from his usual top financial firms. Meanwhile, his Democratic opponent, former Microsoft executive Josh Gottheimer, has outraised him and allowed him to point to Garrett's very conservative record that many voters weren't aware of. Democrats like their chances a lot here, while Republicans don't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there's New Hampshire Rep. Frank Guinta, who's facing off against former Democratic Rep. Carol Shea Porter for the fourth time. They've traded this district back and forth since 2010, and last year Guinta found himself embroiled in a campaign finance scandal. He narrowly won his primary, and Republicans really wish he hadn't. He was still doing surprisingly well at one point, but probably won't hang on.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Hispanic District Headaches for Republicans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some of Republicans' strongest incumbents come from districts with rising Latino populations, which makes this a nightmare year for them to try and overcome the top of the ticket. Florida Rep. Carlos Curbelo is a rising GOP star, and in a normal year would again probably beat former Democratic Rep. Joe Garcia, who has plenty of damaging baggage. Curbelo isn't supporting Trump, but it still might not be enough for him in his Miami district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same is true for Texas Rep. Will Hurd, one of just two African-American Republicans in the House. Hurd has also denounced Trump. The former CIA operative represents an expansive district, which reaches from El Paso to San Antonio along over 800 miles of the Mexican border. Former Democratic Rep. Pete Gallego is hoping Hispanic voters who didn't show up two years ago will help him win this seat back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several California seats are giving Republicans headaches, too. Rep. Jeff Denham wasn't a top worry earlier in the year, especially given that he beat his Democratic challenger Michael Eggman by 10 points just two years ago. But now their rematch in this 40 percent Hispanic district is much tighter than anyone thought it would be. However, this district also doesn't have a large share of college-educated voters either, so Republicans hope Trump won't be enough of a drag to hurt Denham. Still, there's no race at the top of the ticket in California to motivate GOP voters who may not like Trump to turn out anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11163953\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11163953\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-800x940.jpg\" alt=\"Republican California Rep. Jeff Denham is battling Democratic challenger Michael Eggman in a rematch that's much tighter than anyone thought it would be.\" width=\"800\" height=\"940\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-800x940.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-160x188.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-1020x1199.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-1180x1387.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-960x1128.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-240x282.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-375x441.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Denham-520x611.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Republican California Rep. Jeff Denham is battling Democratic challenger Michael Eggman in a rematch that's much tighter than anyone thought it would be. \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And Rep. David Valadao represents a Central Valley district that's over 70 percent Hispanic, which should make him ripe for a loss. The strong incumbent looked to be safe for a long time, especially since he was running against a weak challenger in Emilio Huerta, son of famed labor leader Dolores Huerta, who barely survived the primary and has also barely any money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic superPAC House Majority PAC went in here late, hoping it was becoming more competitive, but it's still a long shot. It also illustrates that some of these contests could be much more competitive for Democrats with better candidates in some districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nevada could be the real place that gives Democrats at least one, maybe two, prime pickups, especially with encouraging turnout numbers for Democrats and Latinos on the final day of early voting. Veteran Nevada political analyst Jon Ralston \u003ca href=\"http://www.rgj.com/story/news/politics/2016/11/05/ralston-how-deep-does-blue-wave-go/93349220/\">analyzed\u003c/a> the early numbers and predicted that freshman Rep. Cresent Hardy is likely toast. The open seat of GOP Rep. Joe Heck, who's running for Senate, may be as well, even though that one's more favorable for Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. The Election Night Bellwethers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Look at these districts to see just how big Democratic pickups will be on Tuesday night. We profiled the race in Virginia's 10th District, maybe one of the best bellwethers in the country to see whether Democrats' efforts to tie Republican incumbents to Trump will be effective and if real estate developer LuAnn Bennett can win this suburban Northern Virginia district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Philadelphia suburbs have also been challenging for Trump and for GOP Sen. Pat Toomey. Both parties think the 8th District open seat race between Brian Fitzpatrick, who's running to succeed his retiring brother Mike, and Democratic state Rep. Steve Santarsiero, could be one of the closest in the country on Election Night. Both these Virginia and Pennsylvania seats are the types of ones that Democrats can't afford to lose if they want to make significant gains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Demographics and partisan breakdown alone show that GOP Rep. Mike Coffman, representing Aurora and the Denver suburbs, should be in trouble in Colorado, should be in trouble. But the four-term congressman worked to separate himself early on from Trump, and this one is harder for Democrats and challenger Morgan Carroll because of his strengths. Still, if Democrats flip this one, it's a good sign other races around the country may follow, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Trump Coattails?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest problems for Democrats is that in some of the seats they need to win to even try and get to 30 seats, Trump isn't really that toxic. Take freshman Rep. Rod Blum — Obama won his northeastern Iowa district by 14 points four years ago, and he's a member of the very conservative Freedom Caucus to boot. But the race is still very much in play in a place Democrats thought would be a relatively easy pickup. Trump is doing very well in the Hawkeye State and will likely win it. This is a heavily white district where less than a quarter of people have college degrees. Priorities USA, the main superPAC backing Clinton, made their \u003ca href=\"http://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/priorities-usa-steps-into-iowa-house-race\">only foray\u003c/a> into congressional races here, and the fact they're spending in what should be a Democratic district shows it's far from a done deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On paper, New York districts should be ripe for Democratic pickups, too. There are five districts there held by Republicans that Obama carried in 2012, but Democrats would be lucky to even win one of them. Polls have shown freshman Republicans Lee Zeldin (Long Island) and John Katko (Syracuse) holding on. And late polls show Republican John Faso leading Democrat Zephyr Teachout in an open GOP-held seat in the Hudson Valley, too. Democrats' best chance for a pickup is in the open Utica-based 22nd District, and even then a victory would be largely because of a three-way race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic targets in Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota are also much harder than they expected, because these are blue-collar, largely white districts where trade, one of the central issues Trump has seized on, is resonating and helping GOP candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. Wave Districts to Watch\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Democrats continue to hope that some other suburban GOP-held districts could go their way if Trump collapses there, though at this juncture that looks increasingly unlikely. Keep an eye on Minnesota Rep. Erik Paulsen in the Twin Cities suburbs. Recent polls showed Clinton leading comfortably there, but so was Paulsen. Democrats have hoped to flip this one for some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colorado Rep. Scott Tipton's massive western Colorado district is another GOP seat Democrats think could go their way if Clinton does incredibly well in the state, but that's again another long shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Kevin Yoder's Kansas City district is another one to keep an eye on. Democrats have hammered him on unpopular education cuts and tied him to Republican Gov. Sam Brownback, whose approval ratings have cratered. Romney carried this district pretty comfortably, but John McCain only barely carried it in 2008. There are growing pockets of Latino populations here, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. Republican Offensive Opportunities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The GOP is almost entirely playing offense this year, which makes sense because they largely maxed out their conference with 247 seats after the 2014 midterms, hitting their largest post-World War II majority ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are a few Democratic-held seats that Republicans could flip as well on Tuesday. Atop that list is the northern Palm Beach County district being vacated by Rep. Patrick Murphy, who's running for Senate. This one performs better for the GOP in presidential years anyway, and Republicans have a great candidate in Army veteran Brian Mast, who lost both of his legs in Afghanistan and was awarded the Purple Heart. Meanwhile, Democratic nominee Randy Perkins, who owns an environmental cleanup company, has proven to be a very volatile and polarizing candidate, and most Democrats concede they'll probably lose this seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no other completely clear-cut wins, but some races are still in play. Nebraska Blue Dog Rep. Brad Ashford's own polling shows he's still winning this district, but Republicans have hope that retired Air Force Brigadier Gen. Don Bacon could pull the upset.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton isn't popular in Minnesota's Iron Range, which makes Republicans optimistic about Republican Stewart Mills' chances in his rematch with Democratic Rep. Rick Nolan after he lost by just over 3,700 votes in 2014. Trump can certainly help Mills here, but Nolan survived in a good GOP year and remains relatively popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Too Many California Ballot Measures? Just Explain Them in Song",
"title": "Too Many California Ballot Measures? Just Explain Them in Song",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Americans will decide more than 150 state ballot measures on Tuesday — up slightly from two years ago. That puts a lot of pressure on voters to study up on everything from marijuana legalization to gun control to the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians in particular have a lot of homework to do. With 17 measures, their state has the longest ballot in the country this year. On top of that, there are 650 local measures around the state to decide on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters are coming up with some creative ways to keep track of it all — like resident Deborah Barron, who had a \"Proposition Party\" at her home in San Francisco's Mission District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like any good host, she had snacks and drinks ready. But she also had hand-outs for the 17 state ballot measures and for the 25 local measures facing San Francisco voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11157987\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11157987\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Deborah Barron, third from left, hosts a proposition party on Oct. 30 at her home in San Francisco's Mission District.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d.jpg 1596w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deborah Barron, third from left, hosts a proposition party on Oct. 30 at her home in San Francisco's Mission District. \u003ccite>(Ben Adler/Capital Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The half-dozen adults at her house divvied up the prep work and took turns leading the discussion – starting with Proposition 51, the $9 billion statewide school bond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean, I don't know,\" says Barron, a 43-year-old attorney in private practice. \"Normally, I am 'Yes' on education ones, but...\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm kind of 'No' on this too,\" chimes in 43-year-old Eric Quandt of Berkeley, who works in the San Francisco Public Defender's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's how I feel,\" adds Jane Ivory Ernstthal. \"But I feel so wrong!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group laughs. \"Are you voting against the education of our youth?\" Barron quips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But party-goers quickly get frustrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everybody's got college educations. All of us work in things that are impacted by this,\" Barron says. \"Numerous of us are attorneys, who read law for a living. And we still can't figure out how to vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if it's this hard for people who've been voting for years, imagine what it's like for first-time voters. Carlos Hurtado, a junior at the University of California, Davis, is feeling the pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's just a lot, a lot to deal with,\" Hurtado says. \"I gotta take some time on the weekend to look over everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked if he planned to vote on all of the ballot measures, Hurtado replies: \"The ones that I feel strongly about.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'll probably just scan it, see what interests me,\" says Julietta Zuvia, another student at UC-Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a strategy that might make some long-time voters cringe, but not Kim Alexander with the California Voter Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I worry that people look at these 17 propositions and mistakenly think they have to vote on every single one of them – which they don't,\" Alexander says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it's far better to leave something blank than to do what voters typically do, which is vote 'No.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For voters who are overwhelmed by all those ballot measures, Alexander offers a California election tradition from her and her colleagues – the Proposition Song. She contributes on vocals and ukelele.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yizO7L2J7LU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tune uses music — think Schoolhouse Rock — to explain each of the state's 17 measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the chorus:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>\"It's the Proposition Song.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You should all be singing along.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>'Cause the ballot is too darn long.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And a lyric:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>\"Proposition 56 would enact\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>a new tobacco tax.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If it passes smokers pay two more bucks per pack.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Of course, the song isn't the only way voters can learn about all the ballots. There's the state's \u003ca href=\"http://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">official voter information guide \u003c/a>and also a myriad of online guides – \u003ca href=\"http://votersedge.capradio.org/\" target=\"_blank\">professional\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://seepolitical.com/#/props\" target=\"_blank\">amateur\u003c/a>, with graphics, videos and even \u003ca href=\"https://ballot.fyi/\" target=\"_blank\">mock text message chats\u003c/a>. And then, there are \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_sbc0NfVjK0aEdSUnY5ZG5yWWc/view\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition Haiku\u003c/a>, from Los Angeles Democratic Party activist Damian Carroll. Here's a taste of that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Proposition 59\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Asks to overturn\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Citizens United, But\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Shucks, it's non-binding\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Kim Alexander, of the California Voter Foundation, says all those ballot measures do have a benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Love it or hate it, California voters get to make law directly when we vote,\" Alexander says. \"And that's a huge amount of power – especially when you're talking about California, because we are a very influential state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is indeed a huge amount of power, vested in 18 million California voters — many of whom aren't quite sure what to do with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 Capital Public Radio. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org\">Capital Public Radio\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/cacounts/\">California Counts\u003c/a> is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Americans will decide more than 150 state ballot measures on Tuesday — up slightly from two years ago. That puts a lot of pressure on voters to study up on everything from marijuana legalization to gun control to the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians in particular have a lot of homework to do. With 17 measures, their state has the longest ballot in the country this year. On top of that, there are 650 local measures around the state to decide on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters are coming up with some creative ways to keep track of it all — like resident Deborah Barron, who had a \"Proposition Party\" at her home in San Francisco's Mission District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like any good host, she had snacks and drinks ready. But she also had hand-outs for the 17 state ballot measures and for the 25 local measures facing San Francisco voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11157987\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11157987\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Deborah Barron, third from left, hosts a proposition party on Oct. 30 at her home in San Francisco's Mission District.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/img_5375-3c6994343d6c3fad664c68cc7b04939811593b9d.jpg 1596w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deborah Barron, third from left, hosts a proposition party on Oct. 30 at her home in San Francisco's Mission District. \u003ccite>(Ben Adler/Capital Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The half-dozen adults at her house divvied up the prep work and took turns leading the discussion – starting with Proposition 51, the $9 billion statewide school bond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean, I don't know,\" says Barron, a 43-year-old attorney in private practice. \"Normally, I am 'Yes' on education ones, but...\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm kind of 'No' on this too,\" chimes in 43-year-old Eric Quandt of Berkeley, who works in the San Francisco Public Defender's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's how I feel,\" adds Jane Ivory Ernstthal. \"But I feel so wrong!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group laughs. \"Are you voting against the education of our youth?\" Barron quips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But party-goers quickly get frustrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everybody's got college educations. All of us work in things that are impacted by this,\" Barron says. \"Numerous of us are attorneys, who read law for a living. And we still can't figure out how to vote.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if it's this hard for people who've been voting for years, imagine what it's like for first-time voters. Carlos Hurtado, a junior at the University of California, Davis, is feeling the pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's just a lot, a lot to deal with,\" Hurtado says. \"I gotta take some time on the weekend to look over everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked if he planned to vote on all of the ballot measures, Hurtado replies: \"The ones that I feel strongly about.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'll probably just scan it, see what interests me,\" says Julietta Zuvia, another student at UC-Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a strategy that might make some long-time voters cringe, but not Kim Alexander with the California Voter Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I worry that people look at these 17 propositions and mistakenly think they have to vote on every single one of them – which they don't,\" Alexander says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it's far better to leave something blank than to do what voters typically do, which is vote 'No.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For voters who are overwhelmed by all those ballot measures, Alexander offers a California election tradition from her and her colleagues – the Proposition Song. She contributes on vocals and ukelele.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/yizO7L2J7LU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/yizO7L2J7LU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The tune uses music — think Schoolhouse Rock — to explain each of the state's 17 measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the chorus:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>\"It's the Proposition Song.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You should all be singing along.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>'Cause the ballot is too darn long.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And a lyric:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>\"Proposition 56 would enact\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>a new tobacco tax.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If it passes smokers pay two more bucks per pack.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Of course, the song isn't the only way voters can learn about all the ballots. There's the state's \u003ca href=\"http://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">official voter information guide \u003c/a>and also a myriad of online guides – \u003ca href=\"http://votersedge.capradio.org/\" target=\"_blank\">professional\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://seepolitical.com/#/props\" target=\"_blank\">amateur\u003c/a>, with graphics, videos and even \u003ca href=\"https://ballot.fyi/\" target=\"_blank\">mock text message chats\u003c/a>. And then, there are \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_sbc0NfVjK0aEdSUnY5ZG5yWWc/view\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition Haiku\u003c/a>, from Los Angeles Democratic Party activist Damian Carroll. Here's a taste of that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Proposition 59\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Asks to overturn\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Citizens United, But\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Shucks, it's non-binding\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Kim Alexander, of the California Voter Foundation, says all those ballot measures do have a benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Love it or hate it, California voters get to make law directly when we vote,\" Alexander says. \"And that's a huge amount of power – especially when you're talking about California, because we are a very influential state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is indeed a huge amount of power, vested in 18 million California voters — many of whom aren't quite sure what to do with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 Capital Public Radio. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org\">Capital Public Radio\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/cacounts/\">California Counts\u003c/a> is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The city of Oakland was the first to regulate and tax medical marijuana dispensaries. Now, some city leaders see the industry’s profits and are proposing to take a bigger piece of the action: The Oakland City Council is voting Tuesday night on a pot profit-taking plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.shopharborside.com/\">Harborside Health Center\u003c/a> in Oakland is the largest medical marijuana dispensary in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its executive director, Steve DeAngelo, says his dispensary brings in about $30 million in annual revenues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve created over a 150 well-paying jobs and we’re the second largest retail taxpayer in the city,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeAngelo says Harborside pays about $1.5 million in taxes every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11155471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Steve DeAngelo (shown in 2014) is co-founder and executive director of Harborside Health Center in Oakland, the country's largest medical marijuana dispensary.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11155471\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-1920x1281.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve DeAngelo (shown in 2014) is co-founder and executive director of Harborside Health Center in Oakland, the country’s largest medical marijuana dispensary. \u003ccite>(Robert Gauthier/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>His operation is one of eight licensed dispensaries in Oakland. But there are scores of other pot businesses that operate semi-legally, meaning they pay taxes but they are not fully licensed. And now the city wants to license them, too, but at a price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exploding cannabis industry has the city rethinking how much the dispensaries should pay the city to operate and who gets those licenses. City Councilwoman Desley Brooks is leading that effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at this industry across the United States and in Oakland, the vast majority of people who are making money in this industry are white males,” she said during a recent city hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harborside’s DeAngelo says he’s sympathetic with effort to diversify the industry. But he has problems with Brooks’ other plan to charge dispensaries 25 percent of their profits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And the courts have really been very, very consistent in ruling that a government agency is not allowed to take private property in that fashion,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate over whether they city should demand medical marijuana profits comes as it is still grappling with how to promote diversity in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/500264056/500264057\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last spring, the City Council voted to expand the industry by giving preferences for licenses to pot entrepreneurs who did jail time for marijuana offenses or for those who live in certain East Oakland neighborhoods — like Brooks’ district — that are predominantly black and Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to make sure that there is equity in this industry and we need to make sure that Oaklanders have an opportunity,” Brooks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, under current rules, drug felons applying for a cannabis license have to own at least 50 percent of their business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dale Geringer, director of the California chapter of National Organization for Reform of Marijuana Laws, or NORML, opposes the preference program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11155472\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Super Skunk is one of the many different kinds of marijuana sold at Harborside Health Center.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11155472\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-1920x1439.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-1180x884.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Super Skunk is one of the many different kinds of marijuana sold at Harborside Health Center. \u003ccite>(Richard Gonzales/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“These rules go well beyond what any other legal industry has to put up with and they are supposedly addressed at equity problems which are not even caused by this industry but rather by the laws that prohibited it,” Geringer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a few people around the city worry that the controversy over profits and preferences could drive away the medical marijuana industry from Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terryn Buxton is among them. He’s an entrepreneur who sits on a commission that advises the city on how to deal with the marijuana business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m from Oakland and I’m born and raised here. I’d like my business to be here,” he says. “But I do not know if we’re going to have an environment our business can survive in.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The city of Oakland was the first to regulate and tax medical marijuana dispensaries. Now, some city leaders see the industry’s profits and are proposing to take a bigger piece of the action: The Oakland City Council is voting Tuesday night on a pot profit-taking plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.shopharborside.com/\">Harborside Health Center\u003c/a> in Oakland is the largest medical marijuana dispensary in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its executive director, Steve DeAngelo, says his dispensary brings in about $30 million in annual revenues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve created over a 150 well-paying jobs and we’re the second largest retail taxpayer in the city,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeAngelo says Harborside pays about $1.5 million in taxes every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11155471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Steve DeAngelo (shown in 2014) is co-founder and executive director of Harborside Health Center in Oakland, the country's largest medical marijuana dispensary.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11155471\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-1920x1281.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gettyimages-567367357_cc_custom-fa9bde16e73ab45fde44f9f091230abb0d7881ad-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve DeAngelo (shown in 2014) is co-founder and executive director of Harborside Health Center in Oakland, the country’s largest medical marijuana dispensary. \u003ccite>(Robert Gauthier/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>His operation is one of eight licensed dispensaries in Oakland. But there are scores of other pot businesses that operate semi-legally, meaning they pay taxes but they are not fully licensed. And now the city wants to license them, too, but at a price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exploding cannabis industry has the city rethinking how much the dispensaries should pay the city to operate and who gets those licenses. City Councilwoman Desley Brooks is leading that effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at this industry across the United States and in Oakland, the vast majority of people who are making money in this industry are white males,” she said during a recent city hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harborside’s DeAngelo says he’s sympathetic with effort to diversify the industry. But he has problems with Brooks’ other plan to charge dispensaries 25 percent of their profits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And the courts have really been very, very consistent in ruling that a government agency is not allowed to take private property in that fashion,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate over whether they city should demand medical marijuana profits comes as it is still grappling with how to promote diversity in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/500264056/500264057\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last spring, the City Council voted to expand the industry by giving preferences for licenses to pot entrepreneurs who did jail time for marijuana offenses or for those who live in certain East Oakland neighborhoods — like Brooks’ district — that are predominantly black and Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to make sure that there is equity in this industry and we need to make sure that Oaklanders have an opportunity,” Brooks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, under current rules, drug felons applying for a cannabis license have to own at least 50 percent of their business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dale Geringer, director of the California chapter of National Organization for Reform of Marijuana Laws, or NORML, opposes the preference program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11155472\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Super Skunk is one of the many different kinds of marijuana sold at Harborside Health Center.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11155472\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-1920x1439.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-1180x884.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/gonzales_marijuana1_custom-47931b13e69cd2569236a4ed456605e25b744fae.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Super Skunk is one of the many different kinds of marijuana sold at Harborside Health Center. \u003ccite>(Richard Gonzales/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“These rules go well beyond what any other legal industry has to put up with and they are supposedly addressed at equity problems which are not even caused by this industry but rather by the laws that prohibited it,” Geringer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a few people around the city worry that the controversy over profits and preferences could drive away the medical marijuana industry from Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terryn Buxton is among them. He’s an entrepreneur who sits on a commission that advises the city on how to deal with the marijuana business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m from Oakland and I’m born and raised here. I’d like my business to be here,” he says. “But I do not know if we’re going to have an environment our business can survive in.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Early 20th Century Earthquakes May Have Been Caused by Calif. Oil Boom",
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"content": "\u003cp>A new study suggests some Los Angeles-area earthquakes in the 1920s and 1930s could have been caused by the oil boom at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The paper, scheduled to be published online Tuesday in the Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, presents evidence that drilling around Los Angeles between 1915 and 1932 could have been associated with damaging earthquakes in the area, including the magnitude 6.4 \u003ca href=\"http://scedc.caltech.edu/significant/longbeach1933.html\">Long Beach quake\u003c/a> in 1933 that killed 120 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the modern practice of hydraulic fracturing \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/01/05/144694550/man-made-quakes-blame-fracking-and-drilling\">has been tied to small man-made earthquakes\u003c/a>, right off the bat, the study authors — Susan E. Hough and Morgan Page of the U.S. Geological Survey — make clear this is not a study to draw lessons from today. The authors write in the opening paragraph:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Our results suggest that significant earthquakes in Southern California during the early twentieth century might have been associated with industry practices that are no longer employed (i.e., production without water reinjection), and do not necessarily imply a high likelihood of induced earthquakes at the present time.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/la-me-ln-oil-drilling-earthquake-20161031-story.html\">As the Los Angeles Times points out\u003c/a>, \"Nowadays, water is carefully used to replace the pumped-out oil, which prevents land from sinking and also helps extract more oil,\" something that was not being done in the '20s and '30s in the oil fields of the Los Angeles basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than a model for the present, the new paper is a lens through which to view the seismic past of Southern California, using scientific history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors note that earthquake-sensing technology was neither as sensitive nor as widespread in the early 20th century as it is today. Most earthquakes in the Los Angeles basin in the first third of the century \"caused light shaking reported by at most a few witnesses,\" they write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"BvmOABNkgIDRb1fvZeotadFCTcHW6Zv3\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few witnesses are not the most reliable source of data, so Hough and Page limited themselves only to the 22 biggest, most widely felt earthquakes of the period, and compared those quakes to oil industry records from the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those earthquakes, they found 13 possibly or likely were associated with \"oil production activities,\" including the drilling of deeper and deeper oil wells near \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3211401-Shaw-Et-Al-1996-Journal-of-Geophysical-Research.html\">hidden faults that are known to cause earthquakes\u003c/a>. The authors based their findings on the best information available about when and where the earthquakes and drilling occurred and the kind of drilling being conducted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70159467\">Last year, Hough and Page published evidence\u003c/a> that midcentury earthquakes in Oklahoma were triggered by the injection of wastewater during oil production in that part of the country. That historical finding was more relevant to today's oil production activities than the California data. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/29/472232829/u-s-geology-maps-reveal-areas-vulnerable-to-man-made-quakes\">The USGS announced earlier this year\u003c/a> that pumping wastewater underground during oil production has caused parts of Oklahoma to be as seismically active as parts of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hough and Page used a similar historical record analysis for the Oklahoma and California papers, but Thomas Heaton, director of the Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology, told NPR he thought the Oklahoma research was more convincing than the new California findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a long history of earthquakes being triggered by increased fluid pressure,\" he wrote in an email after reviewing the new paper. \"Although we don't understand [the association] very well, it's as close as our community gets to consensus that fluid induction triggers earthquakes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The tricky part of the equation in California is that earthquakes occur regularly without fluid injection,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He did not go so far as to call into question the associations suggested by the paper — he thought it's certainly possible that oil drilling played a part in some or all of the earthquakes Hough and Page identified. But it's hard to be sure about the reason for any one quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would be no surprise to discover that some of our California earthquakes were triggered by oil production,\" Heaton wrote. \"What would be surprising would be to discover that a team of scientists was able to present a compelling case that it had occurred in any particular example (e.g. 1933 Long Beach).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new study suggests some Los Angeles-area earthquakes in the 1920s and 1930s could have been caused by the oil boom at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The paper, scheduled to be published online Tuesday in the Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, presents evidence that drilling around Los Angeles between 1915 and 1932 could have been associated with damaging earthquakes in the area, including the magnitude 6.4 \u003ca href=\"http://scedc.caltech.edu/significant/longbeach1933.html\">Long Beach quake\u003c/a> in 1933 that killed 120 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the modern practice of hydraulic fracturing \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/01/05/144694550/man-made-quakes-blame-fracking-and-drilling\">has been tied to small man-made earthquakes\u003c/a>, right off the bat, the study authors — Susan E. Hough and Morgan Page of the U.S. Geological Survey — make clear this is not a study to draw lessons from today. The authors write in the opening paragraph:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Our results suggest that significant earthquakes in Southern California during the early twentieth century might have been associated with industry practices that are no longer employed (i.e., production without water reinjection), and do not necessarily imply a high likelihood of induced earthquakes at the present time.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/la-me-ln-oil-drilling-earthquake-20161031-story.html\">As the Los Angeles Times points out\u003c/a>, \"Nowadays, water is carefully used to replace the pumped-out oil, which prevents land from sinking and also helps extract more oil,\" something that was not being done in the '20s and '30s in the oil fields of the Los Angeles basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than a model for the present, the new paper is a lens through which to view the seismic past of Southern California, using scientific history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors note that earthquake-sensing technology was neither as sensitive nor as widespread in the early 20th century as it is today. Most earthquakes in the Los Angeles basin in the first third of the century \"caused light shaking reported by at most a few witnesses,\" they write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few witnesses are not the most reliable source of data, so Hough and Page limited themselves only to the 22 biggest, most widely felt earthquakes of the period, and compared those quakes to oil industry records from the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of those earthquakes, they found 13 possibly or likely were associated with \"oil production activities,\" including the drilling of deeper and deeper oil wells near \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3211401-Shaw-Et-Al-1996-Journal-of-Geophysical-Research.html\">hidden faults that are known to cause earthquakes\u003c/a>. The authors based their findings on the best information available about when and where the earthquakes and drilling occurred and the kind of drilling being conducted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70159467\">Last year, Hough and Page published evidence\u003c/a> that midcentury earthquakes in Oklahoma were triggered by the injection of wastewater during oil production in that part of the country. That historical finding was more relevant to today's oil production activities than the California data. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/29/472232829/u-s-geology-maps-reveal-areas-vulnerable-to-man-made-quakes\">The USGS announced earlier this year\u003c/a> that pumping wastewater underground during oil production has caused parts of Oklahoma to be as seismically active as parts of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hough and Page used a similar historical record analysis for the Oklahoma and California papers, but Thomas Heaton, director of the Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology, told NPR he thought the Oklahoma research was more convincing than the new California findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a long history of earthquakes being triggered by increased fluid pressure,\" he wrote in an email after reviewing the new paper. \"Although we don't understand [the association] very well, it's as close as our community gets to consensus that fluid induction triggers earthquakes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The tricky part of the equation in California is that earthquakes occur regularly without fluid injection,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He did not go so far as to call into question the associations suggested by the paper — he thought it's certainly possible that oil drilling played a part in some or all of the earthquakes Hough and Page identified. But it's hard to be sure about the reason for any one quake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would be no surprise to discover that some of our California earthquakes were triggered by oil production,\" Heaton wrote. \"What would be surprising would be to discover that a team of scientists was able to present a compelling case that it had occurred in any particular example (e.g. 1933 Long Beach).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "How Is a 1,600-Year-Old Tree Weathering California's Drought?",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s been a brutal forest fire season in California. But there’s actually a greater threat to California’s trees — the state’s record-setting drought. The lack of water has killed at least 60 million trees in the past four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are struggling to understand which trees are most vulnerable to drought and how to keep the survivors alive. To that end, they’re sending human climbers and flying drones into the treetops, in a novel biological experiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From a distance, the forests of the Sierra Nevada look blotchy, with patches of dead trees standing right next to healthy green ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.werc.usgs.gov/person.aspx?personid=138\">Nate Stephenson\u003c/a>, an ecologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, says the drought and high heat combine to do things he hasn’t seen before. “We don’t really understand a lot of things,” he says, “like exactly how a drought kills a tree, or what’s going on underground. Where is the water flowing in areas we can’t see?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephenson and his team of ecologists pull into a designated spot in the mountains, near Sequoia National Park, with truckloads of equipment they’ll have to carry in. Their mission: to find out what separates the surviving trees from the dead. Their ultimate destination is down a steep slope — through a blanket of pine needles, rotting tree limbs and a few yellow-jacket nests they are careful not to walk on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The walk is worth it. Looming above is Odin, a green and thriving \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/learn/nature/bigtrees.htm\">giant sequoia\u003c/a> that’s more than 1,600 years old. The top is 250 feet up. Its base is as wide as a city street. Odin was a sapling when Rome was still an empire and, for some reason, it and many other sequoias are resisting this drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In hopes of finding clues to Odin’s survival, \u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/people/directory/detail/5622/\">Cameron Williams\u003c/a>, a researcher with the University of California, Berkeley, is heading up to the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I consider myself a forest canopy biologist,” Williams says as he buckles on a climbing harness festooned with clips, carabiners, and an ascender — a kind of a clamp attached to the rope he will use to climb up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He practices his emergency communication system: “Aaaaaaaaahhhhhhhhhhhhhhh,” he yells, then laughs. Williams can joke because he’s done this so many times. He and his climbing partner, \u003ca href=\"https://nature.berkeley.edu/dawsonlab/people/rikke-reese-naesborg/\">Rikke Naesborg\u003c/a>, also a research scientist at UC Berkeley, have spent hundreds of hours up in this tree. They take meticulous measurements, limb by limb, as though studying a patient etherized on a table. “Every single branch,” says Naesborg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She takes notes dangling from the rope. “You get used to it,” she says. They check the tree’s growth rate, and how much moisture is in each branch and in the needles and cones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very, very laborious,” Williams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/dawsont\">Todd Dawson\u003c/a>, the plant ecologist from UC Berkeley who is in charge of the expedition, says what’s happening to these forests is shocking and abnormal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot more dead trees in this forest than I’ve ever seen since we’ve been working here — since 2008,” Dawson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1112768\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1112768\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2.jpg\" alt=\"Left: Dawson's team is experimenting with drones, which capture images of light reflected off the canopy. This light helps scientists get a sense of how stressed the tree is. Right: Rikke Naesborg (left) and Cameron Williams have spent hundred of hours in Odin's branches, taking measurements. \" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-768x431.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-375x210.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Dawson’s team is experimenting with drones, which capture images of light reflected off the canopy. This light helps scientists get a sense of how stressed the tree is. Right: Rikke Naesborg (left) and Cameron Williams have spent hundred of hours in Odin’s branches, taking measurements. \u003ccite>(Chris Joyce/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dawson is like an epidemiologist — studying disease in a large population. In this case, the patients are trees. There are far too many to be able to climb each one, so while some members of the team take Odin’s measurements, Dawson is going to experiment with another approach. He’ll fly a drone around the giant sequoia — carefully avoiding branches on every side — and take detailed images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first time for all of us,” says drone jockey Tom Jennings, who works for a company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.cloudd8ta.com/author/tomcloudd8ta-com/\">CloudD8TA\u003c/a>. “So we’re taking our time and trying to be very cautious. We’re dealing with the canopy, and that’s a new hazard that I’m not used to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drones will fly to the top of the tree and then down around it in a spiral, taking many different sorts of images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the team hopes to do is compare what the climbers see with what the drones reveal. If drones can diagnose a tree as well as a climber can, they could cover a whole forest much faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The black drone rises from the ground, equipped with sophisticated cameras. It’s about 3-feet square and looks like something Darth Vader would have on his desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It records, basically, the reflected light off the canopy,” Dawson explains. “And that reflected light give us the health of the crown itself — water content and other chemicals like chlorophyll content, which is related to photosynthesis and nitrogen content.” These readings reflect how stressed the tree is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the drone slowly descends from the top of Odin, Williams pulls himself up the tree, on a rope the size of his pinky finger. He narrates his climb into a microphone clipped to his shirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we just reached 160ish feet above the ground,” Williams says. “Looks like a long way down there, and I can hear a drone overhead. Sounds like a giant bee’s nest. Looking around the landscape you can really see a lot of dead trees. Wow. There are hundreds — potentially thousands — of dead trees I can see in this one view.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, from these sorts of measurements, Dawson has found that forests at low and mid-elevations — pine trees, fir, cedar — are suffering the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1112772\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1112772\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom.jpg\" alt=\"A patch of brown, dying trees stands out against the sky and treeline of Sequoia National Park. \" width=\"400\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-240x179.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-375x280.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A patch of brown, dying trees stands out against the sky and treeline of Sequoia National Park. \u003ccite>(Chris Joyce/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Drought and heat can choke a tree to death, scientists have found, by causing gas bubbles to form in the trunk, and block the flow of water. The stressed trees also close their stomata — the pores they respire through in the leaves and needles. That conserves moisture, but at a high cost. They can’t take in the carbon dioxide they need to survive. In other cases, beetles detect the weak trees and single them out — like predators taking wounded prey on the Serengeti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how are giant sequoias like Odin different? It could be that sequoias tend grow where there’s more groundwater, Dawson says. Or maybe it’s the way they shed needles when stressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Understanding how different species of trees respond is already helping scientists focus their rescue efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, you might thin the forest in places, removing some small trees and underbrush, Stephenson says. Having fewer straws sucking water out of the ground, means more water, more light and more nutrients for the biggest trees in the landscape, he says. And that would help the survivors weather future environmental stresses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s current drought is disaster, but also a huge natural experiment, the forest ecologists say. Any lessons they can glean from studying Odin — going strong despite the drought — could help them save the rest of the forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Is+A+1%2C600-Year-Old+Tree+Weathering+California%27s+Drought%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Four years of too little water is killing millions of trees in the Sierra, yet some giant sequoias still thrive. Tree-climbing scientists are exploring sequoias branch by branch to find their secret.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s been a brutal forest fire season in California. But there’s actually a greater threat to California’s trees — the state’s record-setting drought. The lack of water has killed at least 60 million trees in the past four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are struggling to understand which trees are most vulnerable to drought and how to keep the survivors alive. To that end, they’re sending human climbers and flying drones into the treetops, in a novel biological experiment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From a distance, the forests of the Sierra Nevada look blotchy, with patches of dead trees standing right next to healthy green ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.werc.usgs.gov/person.aspx?personid=138\">Nate Stephenson\u003c/a>, an ecologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, says the drought and high heat combine to do things he hasn’t seen before. “We don’t really understand a lot of things,” he says, “like exactly how a drought kills a tree, or what’s going on underground. Where is the water flowing in areas we can’t see?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephenson and his team of ecologists pull into a designated spot in the mountains, near Sequoia National Park, with truckloads of equipment they’ll have to carry in. Their mission: to find out what separates the surviving trees from the dead. Their ultimate destination is down a steep slope — through a blanket of pine needles, rotting tree limbs and a few yellow-jacket nests they are careful not to walk on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The walk is worth it. Looming above is Odin, a green and thriving \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/seki/learn/nature/bigtrees.htm\">giant sequoia\u003c/a> that’s more than 1,600 years old. The top is 250 feet up. Its base is as wide as a city street. Odin was a sapling when Rome was still an empire and, for some reason, it and many other sequoias are resisting this drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In hopes of finding clues to Odin’s survival, \u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/people/directory/detail/5622/\">Cameron Williams\u003c/a>, a researcher with the University of California, Berkeley, is heading up to the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I consider myself a forest canopy biologist,” Williams says as he buckles on a climbing harness festooned with clips, carabiners, and an ascender — a kind of a clamp attached to the rope he will use to climb up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He practices his emergency communication system: “Aaaaaaaaahhhhhhhhhhhhhhh,” he yells, then laughs. Williams can joke because he’s done this so many times. He and his climbing partner, \u003ca href=\"https://nature.berkeley.edu/dawsonlab/people/rikke-reese-naesborg/\">Rikke Naesborg\u003c/a>, also a research scientist at UC Berkeley, have spent hundreds of hours up in this tree. They take meticulous measurements, limb by limb, as though studying a patient etherized on a table. “Every single branch,” says Naesborg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She takes notes dangling from the rope. “You get used to it,” she says. They check the tree’s growth rate, and how much moisture is in each branch and in the needles and cones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very, very laborious,” Williams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ib.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/dawsont\">Todd Dawson\u003c/a>, the plant ecologist from UC Berkeley who is in charge of the expedition, says what’s happening to these forests is shocking and abnormal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot more dead trees in this forest than I’ve ever seen since we’ve been working here — since 2008,” Dawson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1112768\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1112768\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2.jpg\" alt=\"Left: Dawson's team is experimenting with drones, which capture images of light reflected off the canopy. This light helps scientists get a sense of how stressed the tree is. Right: Rikke Naesborg (left) and Cameron Williams have spent hundred of hours in Odin's branches, taking measurements. \" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-768x431.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-375x210.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-duo2-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Dawson’s team is experimenting with drones, which capture images of light reflected off the canopy. This light helps scientists get a sense of how stressed the tree is. Right: Rikke Naesborg (left) and Cameron Williams have spent hundred of hours in Odin’s branches, taking measurements. \u003ccite>(Chris Joyce/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dawson is like an epidemiologist — studying disease in a large population. In this case, the patients are trees. There are far too many to be able to climb each one, so while some members of the team take Odin’s measurements, Dawson is going to experiment with another approach. He’ll fly a drone around the giant sequoia — carefully avoiding branches on every side — and take detailed images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first time for all of us,” says drone jockey Tom Jennings, who works for a company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.cloudd8ta.com/author/tomcloudd8ta-com/\">CloudD8TA\u003c/a>. “So we’re taking our time and trying to be very cautious. We’re dealing with the canopy, and that’s a new hazard that I’m not used to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drones will fly to the top of the tree and then down around it in a spiral, taking many different sorts of images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What the team hopes to do is compare what the climbers see with what the drones reveal. If drones can diagnose a tree as well as a climber can, they could cover a whole forest much faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The black drone rises from the ground, equipped with sophisticated cameras. It’s about 3-feet square and looks like something Darth Vader would have on his desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It records, basically, the reflected light off the canopy,” Dawson explains. “And that reflected light give us the health of the crown itself — water content and other chemicals like chlorophyll content, which is related to photosynthesis and nitrogen content.” These readings reflect how stressed the tree is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the drone slowly descends from the top of Odin, Williams pulls himself up the tree, on a rope the size of his pinky finger. He narrates his climb into a microphone clipped to his shirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we just reached 160ish feet above the ground,” Williams says. “Looks like a long way down there, and I can hear a drone overhead. Sounds like a giant bee’s nest. Looking around the landscape you can really see a lot of dead trees. Wow. There are hundreds — potentially thousands — of dead trees I can see in this one view.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, from these sorts of measurements, Dawson has found that forests at low and mid-elevations — pine trees, fir, cedar — are suffering the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1112772\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1112772\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom.jpg\" alt=\"A patch of brown, dying trees stands out against the sky and treeline of Sequoia National Park. \" width=\"400\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-240x179.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/10/trees-3_custom-375x280.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A patch of brown, dying trees stands out against the sky and treeline of Sequoia National Park. \u003ccite>(Chris Joyce/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Drought and heat can choke a tree to death, scientists have found, by causing gas bubbles to form in the trunk, and block the flow of water. The stressed trees also close their stomata — the pores they respire through in the leaves and needles. That conserves moisture, but at a high cost. They can’t take in the carbon dioxide they need to survive. In other cases, beetles detect the weak trees and single them out — like predators taking wounded prey on the Serengeti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how are giant sequoias like Odin different? It could be that sequoias tend grow where there’s more groundwater, Dawson says. Or maybe it’s the way they shed needles when stressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Understanding how different species of trees respond is already helping scientists focus their rescue efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, you might thin the forest in places, removing some small trees and underbrush, Stephenson says. Having fewer straws sucking water out of the ground, means more water, more light and more nutrients for the biggest trees in the landscape, he says. And that would help the survivors weather future environmental stresses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s current drought is disaster, but also a huge natural experiment, the forest ecologists say. Any lessons they can glean from studying Odin — going strong despite the drought — could help them save the rest of the forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Is+A+1%2C600-Year-Old+Tree+Weathering+California%27s+Drought%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hours after announcing a 9 percent staff cut, Twitter said it's also cutting the Vine looping-video app, which burst to popularity after its launch in 2013 but has struggled to match that growth in the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown of Vine, which recently claimed more than 200 million monthly viewers, will occur \"in the coming months,\" \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@vine/important-news-about-vine-909c5f4ae7a7#.xsmf70lu7\">the company said in a blog post\u003c/a> about the move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vine said its users will still be able to access and download their six-second videos, and it's promising to keep its website online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We value you, your Vines, and are going to do this the right way,\" the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news wasn't included in an earnings letter Twitter sent to shareholders Thursday, in which it announced a new round of layoffs. We've updated this post to reflect the Vine shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vine's demise comes after the ascendance of Snapchat — which \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/06/snapchats-ad-revenue-to-reach-near-1-billion-by-2017-says-report.html\">could see ad revenue of nearly $1 billion\u003c/a> next year — as the dominant short-video app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Vine's blog post about its fate, one reader responded with frustration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I am in absolute shock. This is one of the top ten social media platforms on the planet. I know many, many creators who've built entire careers (and lives) on Vine. When other [Social Media] properties like Tumblr aren't making money but still raising funds this has to be a terrible mistake.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>There was some positive news in Twitter's third-quarter earnings report, including revenue of $616 million — up 8 percent from last year — but for it to be profitable, the company says, it'll have to shed several hundred jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While revenue surpassed expectations, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/twitter-to-cut-workforce-as-revenue-growth-slows-1477566772\">the Wall Street Journal says\u003c/a> it was the social media company's \"smallest gain and ninth straight period of slowing growth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter posted a loss of $103 million for the quarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/AMDA-2F526X/3105131569x0x913992/024FF5C2-52D9-4F3C-A568-E3C9D85E4AB9/Q316_ShareholderLetter.pdf\">its letter to shareholders\u003c/a>, Twitter reported $545 million in advertising revenue — 90 percent from mobile platforms. In terms of active users, it finished the quarter with a monthly average of 317 million -- 67 million in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be more efficient, the San Francisco-based company says it will cut around 9 percent of its global workforce, with the heaviest toll falling on sales and marketing units. Twitter had 3,910 employees at the end of the quarter, meaning around 352 jobs will be eliminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter wants to be profitable by sometime in 2017. As it tries to get there, users should expect to see more video ads, which the company says is its top revenue-generating format.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of its balance sheet, the company says it's now holding $3.7 billion in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, and that its adjusted free cash flow grew to around $80 million for the quarter, up from $19 million last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hours after announcing a 9 percent staff cut, Twitter said it's also cutting the Vine looping-video app, which burst to popularity after its launch in 2013 but has struggled to match that growth in the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown of Vine, which recently claimed more than 200 million monthly viewers, will occur \"in the coming months,\" \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@vine/important-news-about-vine-909c5f4ae7a7#.xsmf70lu7\">the company said in a blog post\u003c/a> about the move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vine said its users will still be able to access and download their six-second videos, and it's promising to keep its website online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We value you, your Vines, and are going to do this the right way,\" the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news wasn't included in an earnings letter Twitter sent to shareholders Thursday, in which it announced a new round of layoffs. We've updated this post to reflect the Vine shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vine's demise comes after the ascendance of Snapchat — which \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/06/snapchats-ad-revenue-to-reach-near-1-billion-by-2017-says-report.html\">could see ad revenue of nearly $1 billion\u003c/a> next year — as the dominant short-video app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Vine's blog post about its fate, one reader responded with frustration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I am in absolute shock. This is one of the top ten social media platforms on the planet. I know many, many creators who've built entire careers (and lives) on Vine. When other [Social Media] properties like Tumblr aren't making money but still raising funds this has to be a terrible mistake.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>There was some positive news in Twitter's third-quarter earnings report, including revenue of $616 million — up 8 percent from last year — but for it to be profitable, the company says, it'll have to shed several hundred jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While revenue surpassed expectations, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/twitter-to-cut-workforce-as-revenue-growth-slows-1477566772\">the Wall Street Journal says\u003c/a> it was the social media company's \"smallest gain and ninth straight period of slowing growth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter posted a loss of $103 million for the quarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/AMDA-2F526X/3105131569x0x913992/024FF5C2-52D9-4F3C-A568-E3C9D85E4AB9/Q316_ShareholderLetter.pdf\">its letter to shareholders\u003c/a>, Twitter reported $545 million in advertising revenue — 90 percent from mobile platforms. In terms of active users, it finished the quarter with a monthly average of 317 million -- 67 million in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be more efficient, the San Francisco-based company says it will cut around 9 percent of its global workforce, with the heaviest toll falling on sales and marketing units. Twitter had 3,910 employees at the end of the quarter, meaning around 352 jobs will be eliminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twitter wants to be profitable by sometime in 2017. As it tries to get there, users should expect to see more video ads, which the company says is its top revenue-generating format.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of its balance sheet, the company says it's now holding $3.7 billion in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, and that its adjusted free cash flow grew to around $80 million for the quarter, up from $19 million last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sounds, particularly those made by other humans, rank as the No. 1 distraction in the workplace. According to workplace design expert Alan Hedge at Cornell, 74 percent of workers say they face \"many\" instances of disturbances and distractions from noise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In general, if it's coming from another person, it's much more disturbing than when it's coming from a machine,\" he says, because, as social beings, humans are attuned to man-made sounds. He says overheard conversations, as well as high-pitched and intermittent noises, also draw attention away from tasks at hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popularity of open offices has exacerbated the problem. The University of California's Center for the Built Environment \u003ca href=\"http://escholarship.org/uc/item/52w3025m\">has a study\u003c/a> showing workers are happier when they are in enclosed offices and less \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjweh.fi/show_abstract.php?abstract_id=3167\" target=\"_blank\">likely to take sick days\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This does not bode well for some workers facing cold and flu season, when hacking coughs make the rounds. But some people, such as Milwaukee Web developer Taj Shahrani, contend with it year-round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had a colleague who sat a short cubicle wall away and would, as he says, \"shout-cough\" at regular intervals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He never covered his mouth,\" he says. The violent episodes, which Shahrani and another colleague kept tallies of, would shake his desk and interrupt conversations and phone calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"WrjzsBvqhsK9xWe9wkzeppDk9PRAO1Ig\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would always know when it was coming because you would hear that sharp intake, like he's about to cough, and you'd always wince and stop what you're doing because you knew it was going to be sort of loud and hard to hear,\" Shahrani says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After months of this, he went from concern about contagion to irritation about the interruptions. Still, he never broached the subject with the offender or the boss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's sort of taboo to criticize someone for an illness,\" Shahrani says. It's only months later, when he was moved to a new desk in an office reshuffling, that he realized just how much more work he accomplished without constant interruption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rue Dooley, an adviser at the Society for Human Resource Management, says HR professionals often call in, asking how to manage co-worker complaints about various bodily noises.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">There are other noises that fall into that indelicate in-between territory — like flatulence.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The answer? It depends on the circumstance. For example, in a previous job, Dooley shared an office with a man who liked to eat frozen carrots and had the hacking cough of someone with chronic bronchitis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dooley says he found the carrot-munching funny. The coughing was less amusing, he says. While employers worry about contagion and lost productivity of someone bringing an illness to work, they also have a legal obligation to accommodate employees who have an illness or a disability. He says that, by law, employers have to accommodate them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What those accommodations are might vary. A waitress or shop clerk with a hacking cough might require a sick day or a reassignment, in which case Dooley says it's OK for a manager to say: \"That cough is turning customers away. We can't have you on the floor with that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other noises that fall into that indelicate in-between territory — like flatulence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"iGR2AnXURkE2ptYvrcoBhDp59xlMH8iP\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four years ago, the Social Security Administration reprimanded a worker for his \"excessive flatulence.\" After numerous complaints and warnings, the agency charged him with \"conduct unbecoming a federal employee.\" The employee claimed he had lactose intolerance, and after his union intervened, the reprimand was rescinded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there is the gross interruption that is totally preventable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denver electrical engineer Kendra Lyons sits a few cubicles down from an unfiltered loud talker whose phone conversations include details about her gynecology and family disputes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would throw me off, and then I would find it really hard to tune out and not listen to her for the rest of the conversation, so I would end up eavesdropping rather than doing my work,\" Lyons says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, she says she drowns it out with headphones blasting electronica or the \u003cem>Hamilton\u003c/em> soundtrack — anything with a strong beat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are solutions, says Cornell's Hedge. The trend toward open offices and hard office furniture makes noise distraction worse, so adding carpet, drapes and upholstery can help. He recommends, perhaps counterintuitively, getting rid of cubicle walls, which provide the illusion of sound privacy, but actually make people less aware of the noises they create.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sounds, particularly those made by other humans, rank as the No. 1 distraction in the workplace. According to workplace design expert Alan Hedge at Cornell, 74 percent of workers say they face \"many\" instances of disturbances and distractions from noise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In general, if it's coming from another person, it's much more disturbing than when it's coming from a machine,\" he says, because, as social beings, humans are attuned to man-made sounds. He says overheard conversations, as well as high-pitched and intermittent noises, also draw attention away from tasks at hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The popularity of open offices has exacerbated the problem. The University of California's Center for the Built Environment \u003ca href=\"http://escholarship.org/uc/item/52w3025m\">has a study\u003c/a> showing workers are happier when they are in enclosed offices and less \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjweh.fi/show_abstract.php?abstract_id=3167\" target=\"_blank\">likely to take sick days\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This does not bode well for some workers facing cold and flu season, when hacking coughs make the rounds. But some people, such as Milwaukee Web developer Taj Shahrani, contend with it year-round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had a colleague who sat a short cubicle wall away and would, as he says, \"shout-cough\" at regular intervals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He never covered his mouth,\" he says. The violent episodes, which Shahrani and another colleague kept tallies of, would shake his desk and interrupt conversations and phone calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would always know when it was coming because you would hear that sharp intake, like he's about to cough, and you'd always wince and stop what you're doing because you knew it was going to be sort of loud and hard to hear,\" Shahrani says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After months of this, he went from concern about contagion to irritation about the interruptions. Still, he never broached the subject with the offender or the boss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's sort of taboo to criticize someone for an illness,\" Shahrani says. It's only months later, when he was moved to a new desk in an office reshuffling, that he realized just how much more work he accomplished without constant interruption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rue Dooley, an adviser at the Society for Human Resource Management, says HR professionals often call in, asking how to manage co-worker complaints about various bodily noises.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">There are other noises that fall into that indelicate in-between territory — like flatulence.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The answer? It depends on the circumstance. For example, in a previous job, Dooley shared an office with a man who liked to eat frozen carrots and had the hacking cough of someone with chronic bronchitis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dooley says he found the carrot-munching funny. The coughing was less amusing, he says. While employers worry about contagion and lost productivity of someone bringing an illness to work, they also have a legal obligation to accommodate employees who have an illness or a disability. He says that, by law, employers have to accommodate them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What those accommodations are might vary. A waitress or shop clerk with a hacking cough might require a sick day or a reassignment, in which case Dooley says it's OK for a manager to say: \"That cough is turning customers away. We can't have you on the floor with that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other noises that fall into that indelicate in-between territory — like flatulence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four years ago, the Social Security Administration reprimanded a worker for his \"excessive flatulence.\" After numerous complaints and warnings, the agency charged him with \"conduct unbecoming a federal employee.\" The employee claimed he had lactose intolerance, and after his union intervened, the reprimand was rescinded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there is the gross interruption that is totally preventable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denver electrical engineer Kendra Lyons sits a few cubicles down from an unfiltered loud talker whose phone conversations include details about her gynecology and family disputes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would throw me off, and then I would find it really hard to tune out and not listen to her for the rest of the conversation, so I would end up eavesdropping rather than doing my work,\" Lyons says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, she says she drowns it out with headphones blasting electronica or the \u003cem>Hamilton\u003c/em> soundtrack — anything with a strong beat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are solutions, says Cornell's Hedge. The trend toward open offices and hard office furniture makes noise distraction worse, so adding carpet, drapes and upholstery can help. He recommends, perhaps counterintuitively, getting rid of cubicle walls, which provide the illusion of sound privacy, but actually make people less aware of the noises they create.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
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