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I have made no such determination,\" Rosenstein continued. \"What I have determined is that based upon the unique circumstances, the public interest requires me to place this investigation under the authority of a person who exercises a degree of independence from the normal chain of command.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"wKNIMf5Zvafxe99yRfF41ixDxj53gwUm\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump argued in a statement after the appointment that, \"As I have stated many times, a thorough investigation will confirm what we already know — there was no collusion between my campaign and any foreign entity. I look forward to this matter concluding quickly. In the meantime, I will never stop fighting for the people and the issues that matter most to the future of our country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appointment of Mueller -- who is widely respected on both sides of the aisle -- comes after growing outcry, mostly from Democrats, amid fallout of President Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/james-comey/\" target=\"_blank\">firing of FBI Director James Comey\u003c/a> last week. While the White House initially insisted the dismissal was precipitated by Comey's mishandling of the investigation into Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton's emails, Trump later told NBC's Lester Holt that the Russia investigation factored into his decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two sources close to Comey \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/16/528679977/trump-asked-comey-to-shut-down-flynn-investigation\">told NPR\u003c/a> that Trump asked Comey to scuttle an investigation into former national security adviser Michael Flynn the day after he resigned. Flynn stepped down after reports he had misled Vice President Pence about his conversations with the Russian ambassador. The White House denies that Trump made the request to shut down the probe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"XAnBDHWDg0KlBPrvJb37OIJPIqBfqIhu\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Comey associate says Comey wrote a memo after his encounter with the president, and congressional committees investigating the Russia ties have requested to see the memo and other related documentation. The House Oversight and Government Reform Committee has also asked Comey to testify next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenstein, deputy attorney general, had the authority to appoint a special counsel since Attorney General Jeff Sessions has recused himself from any part in the investigation. Sessions \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/02/518198749/attorney-general-sessions-to-recuse-himself-from-any-trump-campaign-investigatio\">said in March he would step back\u003c/a>, after reports he had met twice with the Russian ambassador during the campaign — contacts he insisted were innocent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As special counsel, Mueller will have full authorization to direct the Russia investigation, including any links or coordination between the Russian government and individuals associated with Trump's campaign, and any other matters. He can only be fired by Rosenstein, only with cause, and with notice to Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mueller, who preceded Comey at the FBI, had a 12-year stint at the agency after being unanimously confirmed by the Senate in 2001 — just the week before the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks. His tenure leading the bureau were defined by what he did to adapt to the new threats posed to America by terrorism, and he was asked by President Barack Obama to stay on beyond the typical 10-year term for two additional years, which Congress approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"iaEYNKegCVtCMxyqAPiK5ZniRghsCL7T\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had been a prosecutor before, so I anticipated spending time on public corruption cases and narcotics cases and bank robberies and the like, and Sept. 11 changed all of that,\" he \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2013/08/23/214549458/outgoing-fbi-boss-on-his-legacy-and-what-kept-him-up-at-night\">told NPR in 2013\u003c/a> as he was stepping down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mueller moved 2,000 agents from criminal investigations into counterterrorism and national security in his time leading the FBI. Airline-related terrorism was a theme for Mueller throughout his career even before that, however; as a prosecutor he spent years working on an investigation into the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103, which exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, in 1988.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since retiring from the FBI in 2013, he has been working as a partner for the law firm WilmerHale. The Justice Department says he will resign from the firm to avoid any conflicts of interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi said she was \"pleased\" that the Justice Department had decided to appoint a special counsel, and called Mueller \"a respected public servant of the highest integrity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Judiciary Committee Ranking Member Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., called Mueller \"a fine U.S. attorney, a great FBI director and there's no better person who could be asked to perform this function. He is respected, he is talented and he has the knowledge and ability to do the right thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said that Mueller's appointment \"confirms that the investigation into Russian intervention into our election will continue, as stated last week by Acting FBI Director Andrew McCabe. The Senate Select Committee on Intelligence will also continue its investigation into this matter.\"\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Miles Parks contributed\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Former+FBI+Director+Mueller+Appointed+Special+Counsel+To+Oversee+Russia+Probe+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appointment of Mueller -- who is widely respected on both sides of the aisle -- comes after growing outcry, mostly from Democrats, amid fallout of President Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/james-comey/\" target=\"_blank\">firing of FBI Director James Comey\u003c/a> last week. While the White House initially insisted the dismissal was precipitated by Comey's mishandling of the investigation into Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton's emails, Trump later told NBC's Lester Holt that the Russia investigation factored into his decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two sources close to Comey \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/16/528679977/trump-asked-comey-to-shut-down-flynn-investigation\">told NPR\u003c/a> that Trump asked Comey to scuttle an investigation into former national security adviser Michael Flynn the day after he resigned. 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Sessions \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/02/518198749/attorney-general-sessions-to-recuse-himself-from-any-trump-campaign-investigatio\">said in March he would step back\u003c/a>, after reports he had met twice with the Russian ambassador during the campaign — contacts he insisted were innocent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As special counsel, Mueller will have full authorization to direct the Russia investigation, including any links or coordination between the Russian government and individuals associated with Trump's campaign, and any other matters. He can only be fired by Rosenstein, only with cause, and with notice to Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mueller, who preceded Comey at the FBI, had a 12-year stint at the agency after being unanimously confirmed by the Senate in 2001 — just the week before the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks. His tenure leading the bureau were defined by what he did to adapt to the new threats posed to America by terrorism, and he was asked by President Barack Obama to stay on beyond the typical 10-year term for two additional years, which Congress approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had been a prosecutor before, so I anticipated spending time on public corruption cases and narcotics cases and bank robberies and the like, and Sept. 11 changed all of that,\" he \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2013/08/23/214549458/outgoing-fbi-boss-on-his-legacy-and-what-kept-him-up-at-night\">told NPR in 2013\u003c/a> as he was stepping down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mueller moved 2,000 agents from criminal investigations into counterterrorism and national security in his time leading the FBI. Airline-related terrorism was a theme for Mueller throughout his career even before that, however; as a prosecutor he spent years working on an investigation into the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103, which exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, in 1988.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since retiring from the FBI in 2013, he has been working as a partner for the law firm WilmerHale. The Justice Department says he will resign from the firm to avoid any conflicts of interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi said she was \"pleased\" that the Justice Department had decided to appoint a special counsel, and called Mueller \"a respected public servant of the highest integrity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Judiciary Committee Ranking Member Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., called Mueller \"a fine U.S. attorney, a great FBI director and there's no better person who could be asked to perform this function. He is respected, he is talented and he has the knowledge and ability to do the right thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said that Mueller's appointment \"confirms that the investigation into Russian intervention into our election will continue, as stated last week by Acting FBI Director Andrew McCabe. The Senate Select Committee on Intelligence will also continue its investigation into this matter.\"\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Miles Parks contributed\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Former+FBI+Director+Mueller+Appointed+Special+Counsel+To+Oversee+Russia+Probe+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The elephant in the room whenever talking about President Trump and the Russia investigation is the big “I” word — impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The word had been in the not-so-far reaches of liberal conspiracy talk since Trump was elected. There’s a website with \u003ca href=\"https://impeachdonaldtrumpnow.org/\">more than 976,000 signatures\u003c/a> on a petition encouraging Congress to impeach Trump. There’s even an “\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Impeach_D_Trump?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Impeach Donald Trump” Twitter handle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is highly unlikely — there’s almost zero chance — Trump would be impeached by a Republican Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/16/528679977/trump-asked-comey-to-shut-down-flynn-investigation\">with the revelation \u003c/a>that James Comey, who was fired as FBI director last week, penned a memo after a Valentine’s Day meeting with Trump in which Comey associates say Trump asked him to end the investigation into former National Security Adviser Michael Flynn, the “I” word is creeping its way into the mainstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”cJA3P7J7DITM7XImlv47cUiRuP72FUAN”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked on CNN by Wolf Blitzer after the news broke Tuesday evening whether Trump could face impeachment, Sen. Angus King, I-Maine, said, “Reluctantly, Wolf, I have to say yes simply because obstruction of justice is such a serious offense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later walked back that statement \u003ca href=\"http://mainepublic.org/post/angus-king-tempers-trump-impeachment-comment#stream/0\">during a conference call\u003c/a> with Maine reporters. “You’re jumping way forward,” King said of the possibility of impeachment. “What we really need to do is get the facts of this situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, “Before we start talking about obstruction of justice or impeachment, we need to get to the underlying facts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of Democrats starting to use the “I” word is growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Comey was fired, Connecticut Sen. Richard Blumenthal said, “It may well produce impeachment proceedings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re actually pretty close to considering impeachment,” said Kentucky Rep. John Yarmuth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has committed an impeachable act and must be charged,” said Rep. Al Green of Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have to be afraid to use the word impeachment,” Rep. Maxine Waters of California \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/333696-waters-we-dont-have-to-think-impeachment-is-out-of-our-reach\">said Tuesday at a conference\u003c/a> of the liberal think tank, the Center for American Progress, in Washington. “We don’t have to think impeachment is out of our reach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/davidaxelrod/status/864609258935111684\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/davidaxelrod/status/864609322214592512\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former top Obama adviser David Axelrod tweeted an hour after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/16/us/politics/james-comey-trump-flynn-russia-investigation.html?_r=0\">The New York Times\u003c/a> broke the story of the Comey memo that he’s been “resistant to impeachment talk until now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House understands the gravity of what \u003cem>The Times\u003c/em> reported and NPR has confirmed — that in a closed-door meeting, the president allegedly told Comey he thinks Flynn is a good guy and said, “I hope you can let this go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is flatly denying that Trump did this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While the President has repeatedly expressed his view that General Flynn is a decent man who served and protected our country, the president has never asked Mr. Comey or anyone else to end any investigation, including any investigation involving General Flynn,” a White House official said in a statement. “The president has the utmost respect for our law enforcement agencies, and all investigations. This is not a truthful or accurate portrayal of the conversation between the president and Mr. Comey.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official also noted, accurately, that “Deputy Director McCabe said in his testimony last week that the WH had not interfered with any investigation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This White House has tried to spin its way out of a lot — from things as small as the president’s inauguration crowd size to as big as whether the president leaked classified information to the Russians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”Z93mCV225f7m86AXLXugOKNMV5E0zuHr”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this flat denial is drawing a bright line in the sand. The White House understands that this is very serious and, if true, could have huge consequences for the Trump presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there are still a ton of questions to be asked. The White House press briefing has already been must-see TV and will continue to be, but the questions with teeth need to come from Congress. And a lot has to happen — and a lot of facts gathered — before anyone gets down the road to impeachment:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. The memo has to be produced. \u003c/strong>Right now, many Republicans are doubting the veracity of the story. Sen. Richard Burr, the North Carolina Republican in charge of the Senate Intelligence Committee, said Tuesday shortly after \u003cem>The Times\u003c/em> story came out that “the burden is on \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>” to produce the memo. Will he still feel that way in the light of day, especially given the fact that House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz issued a subpoena to the FBI to turn over any Comey memos related to the investigation in one week?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Comey has to testify on the record and in public about the memo and the meeting.\u003c/strong> Even if the memo is produced, Comey will likely be brought before Congress to testify about the encounter. He should be expected to talk about it with the same vivid detail he did \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/15/AR2007051500864.html\">10 years ago yesterday\u003c/a> — interestingly — about the night in March 2004 when he, as deputy attorney general, went to the hospital bed of then-Attorney General John Ashcroft to prevent White House counsel Alberto Gonzales and White House Chief of Staff Andy Card from pressuring Ashcroft to reauthorize the Bush administration’s domestic surveillance program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. There have to be many willing Republicans to go along.\u003c/strong> Even if Comey testified, he’d have to produce damning evidence that would convince Republicans that Trump had obstructed justice and should no longer serve. Grounds for impeachment are ambiguous. \u003ca href=\"https://www.usconstitution.net/xconst_A2Sec4.html\">Article 2, Section 4 of the Constitution\u003c/a> reads:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Impeaching a president takes a majority in the House and two-thirds of the Senate, and Republicans currently control both chambers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Is this obstruction of justice? \u003c/strong>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=76082\">first article of impeachment against Richard Nixon\u003c/a>, who resigned before he could be impeached, read (emphasis ours):\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“In his conduct of the office of President of the United States, Richard M. Nixon, in violation of his constitutional oath faithfully to execute the office of President of the United States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully executed, has prevented, \u003cstrong>obstructed, and impeded the administration of justice\u003c/strong>….”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”8GygU2HEe88Dfzm5LGjH5wvQ5w7ziuRm”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a question, even if the Comey memo is proved to be true, of whether what Trump is alleged to have done meets the legal definition of obstruction of justice. Some legal analysts and professors say yes. “When someone at the White House is telling someone at DOJ or the FBI to soft-pedal or abandon an investigation, that’s when people start talking about obstruction,” University of Texas law professor Stephen Vladeck told \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/16/trump-comey-obstruction-justice-238466\">Politico\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harvard law professor Alan Dershowitz says maybe not. “If it was a polite request saying, ‘Oh, you know, he’s a good guy, Flynn, I wish you’d back off this thing,’ that’s not an obstruction of justice,” Dershowitz contended on MSNBC on Tuesday. “If it was a command, it would raise stronger problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He continued, “I just think it’s a very, very high bar to get over obstruction of justice for a president who, in fact, is the head of the unitary executive branch that includes the FBI and the Justice Department.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Impeachment as political weapon\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To be clear, “impeachment” has been used as a political weapon by angry opponents — some with better cases than others — for a long time. As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2013/08/27/216156619/impeach-obama-and-fdr-eisenhower-carter-reagan-etc\">Frank James wrote for NPR in 2013\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“[N]ame a modern, non-impeached president and someone probably imagined him being impeached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A Republican congressman from Michigan \u003ca href=\"http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19410626&id=2lgbAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Z0wEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4786,3185702\">wanted Franklin Roosevelt impeached\u003c/a>, and he wasn’t alone. Perhaps more fancifully, the poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti wrote a poem titled ‘\u003ca href=\"http://www.tucradio.org/TentativeDescription_Ferlinghetti.pdf\">Tentative Description of a Dinner Given To Promote the Impeachment of President Eisenhower\u003c/a>.’ \u003ca href=\"http://www.larouchepub.com/eiw/public/1977/eirv04n19-19770510/eirv04n19-19770510_013-the_impeachment_of_jimmy_carter-lar.pdf\">Jimmy Carter\u003c/a>, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush and George W. Bush, especially, all inspired more or less serious calls for their impeachment.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Since Bill Clinton’s impeachment by the House (not confirmed by the Senate) and the advent of the internet, the political rhetoric using the “I” word seems to have ramped up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plenty on the left were \u003ca href=\"https://www.thenation.com/article/impeachment-george-w-bush/\">calling for\u003c/a> the impeachment of George W. Bush as the Iraq War was spiraling out of control and there was the revelation that the country had no weapons of mass destruction, despite claims of evidence by the U.S. There were “Impeach Bush” bumper stickers in \u003ca href=\"http://www.cafepress.com/mf/9405700/impeach-bush_bumper-sticker?utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=pla-google&utm_campaign=640265467-d-c&utm_content=27654316810-adid-93474652090&utm_term=pla-72529172410-pid-36714164&productId=36714164\">lots\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"http://www.cafepress.com/mf/12651877/impeach-bush_bumper-sticker?utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=pla-google&utm_campaign=640265467-d-c&utm_content=27654316810-adid-93474652090&utm_term=pla-72529172410-pid-58830518&productId=58830518\">different\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=impeach+bush+bumper+sticker&tbm=isch&imgil=VSftstAIPpZXCM%253A%253BQXbeeK8lW0JqaM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.cafepress.com%25252Firregulargoods.26154391&source=iu&pf=m&fir=VSftstAIPpZXCM%253A%252CQXbeeK8lW0JqaM%252C_&usg=__4IqqW54f8P3X1TA9FQhnZolymrU%3D&biw=1280&bih=894&ved=0ahUKEwjV9NmV3PbTAhWGRyYKHe9aDvcQyjcIqwE&ei=_SUcWZWCO4aPmQHvtbm4Dw#imgrc=VSftstAIPpZXCM:\">forms\u003c/a>. (You can still buy some for \u003ca href=\"http://www.cafepress.com/mf/9455474/impeach-bush_bumper-sticker?utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=pla-google&utm_campaign=640265467-d-c&utm_content=27654316810-adid-93474652090&utm_term=pla-72529172410-pid-37019998&productId=37019998\">$4.99 on Cafe Press\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The calls even came from a New York businessman, who flirted with his own runs for president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was surprised that she [then-House Speaker Nancy Pelosi] didn’t do more in terms of Bush and going after Bush. It was almost — it just seemed like she was going to really look to impeach Bush and get him out of office, which, personally, I think would have been a wonderful thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That happened to be Donald J. Trump on \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/feb/16/our-principles-pac/anti-trump-ad-says-he-backed-impeaching-bush/\">CNN with Wolf Blitzer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blitzer followed up, “Impeaching him?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Absolutely, for the war, for the war,” Trump responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of the conduct of the war,” Blitzer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, he lied,” Trump responded. “He got us into the war with lies. And, I mean, look at the trouble Bill Clinton got into with something that was totally unimportant. And they tried to impeach him, which was nonsense. And, yet, Bush got us into this horrible war with lies, by lying, by saying they had weapons of mass destruction, by saying all sorts of things that turned out not to be true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was 2008. Times and opinions change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The calls on the right for Obama’s impeachment were loud as well. There was an \u003ca href=\"http://www.pledgetoimpeach.com/\">Impeach Obama website\u003c/a> that had more than double the petition signers than the Trump one. It urged people to call Congress, gave the Capitol switchboard number and instructed them to “in plain — but \u003cem>polite\u003c/em> — language, demand impeachment and give a reason or two why.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Rhodes, Obama’s deputy national security adviser, even admitted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/obama-foreign-policy-legacy-ben-rhodes-donald-trump-china-iran-214642\">Michael Crowley in Politico magazine\u003c/a> in January that part of why Obama didn’t act on Syria unilaterally — without Congress’ approval — was fear of impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[W]e had no domestic legal basis. We actually had Congress warning us against taking action without congressional authorization, which we interpreted as the president could face impeachment,” Rhodes said. “That was a factor. Go back and read the letters from [then-House Speaker John] Boehner, letters from the Republican members of Congress. They laid down markers that this would not be constitutional. If we got drawn into a conflict in Syria without congressional authorization, without international authorization, without international support, you can see very clearly how that could have completely derailed this entire presidency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To reiterate, Trump is unlikely to be impeached by a Republican Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if things keep up at this pace — if the Comey memo comes out and he delivers damning testimony — and the GOP still does nothing, not even setting up an independent investigation, you can guarantee that the “I” word would hang all over next year’s midterm elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, as much as in any election, Trump’s presidency would be top of mind for voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Impeachment+Talk+Grows+From+Conspiracy+Theory+To+Mainstream&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The elephant in the room whenever talking about President Trump and the Russia investigation is the big “I” word — impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The word had been in the not-so-far reaches of liberal conspiracy talk since Trump was elected. There’s a website with \u003ca href=\"https://impeachdonaldtrumpnow.org/\">more than 976,000 signatures\u003c/a> on a petition encouraging Congress to impeach Trump. There’s even an “\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Impeach_D_Trump?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Impeach Donald Trump” Twitter handle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is highly unlikely — there’s almost zero chance — Trump would be impeached by a Republican Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/16/528679977/trump-asked-comey-to-shut-down-flynn-investigation\">with the revelation \u003c/a>that James Comey, who was fired as FBI director last week, penned a memo after a Valentine’s Day meeting with Trump in which Comey associates say Trump asked him to end the investigation into former National Security Adviser Michael Flynn, the “I” word is creeping its way into the mainstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked on CNN by Wolf Blitzer after the news broke Tuesday evening whether Trump could face impeachment, Sen. Angus King, I-Maine, said, “Reluctantly, Wolf, I have to say yes simply because obstruction of justice is such a serious offense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later walked back that statement \u003ca href=\"http://mainepublic.org/post/angus-king-tempers-trump-impeachment-comment#stream/0\">during a conference call\u003c/a> with Maine reporters. “You’re jumping way forward,” King said of the possibility of impeachment. “What we really need to do is get the facts of this situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added, “Before we start talking about obstruction of justice or impeachment, we need to get to the underlying facts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of Democrats starting to use the “I” word is growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Comey was fired, Connecticut Sen. Richard Blumenthal said, “It may well produce impeachment proceedings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re actually pretty close to considering impeachment,” said Kentucky Rep. John Yarmuth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has committed an impeachable act and must be charged,” said Rep. Al Green of Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have to be afraid to use the word impeachment,” Rep. Maxine Waters of California \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/333696-waters-we-dont-have-to-think-impeachment-is-out-of-our-reach\">said Tuesday at a conference\u003c/a> of the liberal think tank, the Center for American Progress, in Washington. “We don’t have to think impeachment is out of our reach.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Former top Obama adviser David Axelrod tweeted an hour after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/16/us/politics/james-comey-trump-flynn-russia-investigation.html?_r=0\">The New York Times\u003c/a> broke the story of the Comey memo that he’s been “resistant to impeachment talk until now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House understands the gravity of what \u003cem>The Times\u003c/em> reported and NPR has confirmed — that in a closed-door meeting, the president allegedly told Comey he thinks Flynn is a good guy and said, “I hope you can let this go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is flatly denying that Trump did this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While the President has repeatedly expressed his view that General Flynn is a decent man who served and protected our country, the president has never asked Mr. Comey or anyone else to end any investigation, including any investigation involving General Flynn,” a White House official said in a statement. “The president has the utmost respect for our law enforcement agencies, and all investigations. This is not a truthful or accurate portrayal of the conversation between the president and Mr. Comey.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official also noted, accurately, that “Deputy Director McCabe said in his testimony last week that the WH had not interfered with any investigation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This White House has tried to spin its way out of a lot — from things as small as the president’s inauguration crowd size to as big as whether the president leaked classified information to the Russians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this flat denial is drawing a bright line in the sand. The White House understands that this is very serious and, if true, could have huge consequences for the Trump presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there are still a ton of questions to be asked. The White House press briefing has already been must-see TV and will continue to be, but the questions with teeth need to come from Congress. And a lot has to happen — and a lot of facts gathered — before anyone gets down the road to impeachment:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. The memo has to be produced. \u003c/strong>Right now, many Republicans are doubting the veracity of the story. Sen. Richard Burr, the North Carolina Republican in charge of the Senate Intelligence Committee, said Tuesday shortly after \u003cem>The Times\u003c/em> story came out that “the burden is on \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>” to produce the memo. Will he still feel that way in the light of day, especially given the fact that House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz issued a subpoena to the FBI to turn over any Comey memos related to the investigation in one week?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Comey has to testify on the record and in public about the memo and the meeting.\u003c/strong> Even if the memo is produced, Comey will likely be brought before Congress to testify about the encounter. He should be expected to talk about it with the same vivid detail he did \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/15/AR2007051500864.html\">10 years ago yesterday\u003c/a> — interestingly — about the night in March 2004 when he, as deputy attorney general, went to the hospital bed of then-Attorney General John Ashcroft to prevent White House counsel Alberto Gonzales and White House Chief of Staff Andy Card from pressuring Ashcroft to reauthorize the Bush administration’s domestic surveillance program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. There have to be many willing Republicans to go along.\u003c/strong> Even if Comey testified, he’d have to produce damning evidence that would convince Republicans that Trump had obstructed justice and should no longer serve. Grounds for impeachment are ambiguous. \u003ca href=\"https://www.usconstitution.net/xconst_A2Sec4.html\">Article 2, Section 4 of the Constitution\u003c/a> reads:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Impeaching a president takes a majority in the House and two-thirds of the Senate, and Republicans currently control both chambers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Is this obstruction of justice? \u003c/strong>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=76082\">first article of impeachment against Richard Nixon\u003c/a>, who resigned before he could be impeached, read (emphasis ours):\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“In his conduct of the office of President of the United States, Richard M. Nixon, in violation of his constitutional oath faithfully to execute the office of President of the United States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully executed, has prevented, \u003cstrong>obstructed, and impeded the administration of justice\u003c/strong>….”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a question, even if the Comey memo is proved to be true, of whether what Trump is alleged to have done meets the legal definition of obstruction of justice. Some legal analysts and professors say yes. “When someone at the White House is telling someone at DOJ or the FBI to soft-pedal or abandon an investigation, that’s when people start talking about obstruction,” University of Texas law professor Stephen Vladeck told \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/16/trump-comey-obstruction-justice-238466\">Politico\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harvard law professor Alan Dershowitz says maybe not. “If it was a polite request saying, ‘Oh, you know, he’s a good guy, Flynn, I wish you’d back off this thing,’ that’s not an obstruction of justice,” Dershowitz contended on MSNBC on Tuesday. “If it was a command, it would raise stronger problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He continued, “I just think it’s a very, very high bar to get over obstruction of justice for a president who, in fact, is the head of the unitary executive branch that includes the FBI and the Justice Department.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Impeachment as political weapon\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To be clear, “impeachment” has been used as a political weapon by angry opponents — some with better cases than others — for a long time. As \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2013/08/27/216156619/impeach-obama-and-fdr-eisenhower-carter-reagan-etc\">Frank James wrote for NPR in 2013\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“[N]ame a modern, non-impeached president and someone probably imagined him being impeached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A Republican congressman from Michigan \u003ca href=\"http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19410626&id=2lgbAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Z0wEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4786,3185702\">wanted Franklin Roosevelt impeached\u003c/a>, and he wasn’t alone. Perhaps more fancifully, the poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti wrote a poem titled ‘\u003ca href=\"http://www.tucradio.org/TentativeDescription_Ferlinghetti.pdf\">Tentative Description of a Dinner Given To Promote the Impeachment of President Eisenhower\u003c/a>.’ \u003ca href=\"http://www.larouchepub.com/eiw/public/1977/eirv04n19-19770510/eirv04n19-19770510_013-the_impeachment_of_jimmy_carter-lar.pdf\">Jimmy Carter\u003c/a>, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush and George W. Bush, especially, all inspired more or less serious calls for their impeachment.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Since Bill Clinton’s impeachment by the House (not confirmed by the Senate) and the advent of the internet, the political rhetoric using the “I” word seems to have ramped up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plenty on the left were \u003ca href=\"https://www.thenation.com/article/impeachment-george-w-bush/\">calling for\u003c/a> the impeachment of George W. Bush as the Iraq War was spiraling out of control and there was the revelation that the country had no weapons of mass destruction, despite claims of evidence by the U.S. There were “Impeach Bush” bumper stickers in \u003ca href=\"http://www.cafepress.com/mf/9405700/impeach-bush_bumper-sticker?utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=pla-google&utm_campaign=640265467-d-c&utm_content=27654316810-adid-93474652090&utm_term=pla-72529172410-pid-36714164&productId=36714164\">lots\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"http://www.cafepress.com/mf/12651877/impeach-bush_bumper-sticker?utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=pla-google&utm_campaign=640265467-d-c&utm_content=27654316810-adid-93474652090&utm_term=pla-72529172410-pid-58830518&productId=58830518\">different\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=impeach+bush+bumper+sticker&tbm=isch&imgil=VSftstAIPpZXCM%253A%253BQXbeeK8lW0JqaM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.cafepress.com%25252Firregulargoods.26154391&source=iu&pf=m&fir=VSftstAIPpZXCM%253A%252CQXbeeK8lW0JqaM%252C_&usg=__4IqqW54f8P3X1TA9FQhnZolymrU%3D&biw=1280&bih=894&ved=0ahUKEwjV9NmV3PbTAhWGRyYKHe9aDvcQyjcIqwE&ei=_SUcWZWCO4aPmQHvtbm4Dw#imgrc=VSftstAIPpZXCM:\">forms\u003c/a>. (You can still buy some for \u003ca href=\"http://www.cafepress.com/mf/9455474/impeach-bush_bumper-sticker?utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=pla-google&utm_campaign=640265467-d-c&utm_content=27654316810-adid-93474652090&utm_term=pla-72529172410-pid-37019998&productId=37019998\">$4.99 on Cafe Press\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The calls even came from a New York businessman, who flirted with his own runs for president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was surprised that she [then-House Speaker Nancy Pelosi] didn’t do more in terms of Bush and going after Bush. It was almost — it just seemed like she was going to really look to impeach Bush and get him out of office, which, personally, I think would have been a wonderful thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That happened to be Donald J. Trump on \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/feb/16/our-principles-pac/anti-trump-ad-says-he-backed-impeaching-bush/\">CNN with Wolf Blitzer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blitzer followed up, “Impeaching him?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Absolutely, for the war, for the war,” Trump responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of the conduct of the war,” Blitzer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, he lied,” Trump responded. “He got us into the war with lies. And, I mean, look at the trouble Bill Clinton got into with something that was totally unimportant. And they tried to impeach him, which was nonsense. And, yet, Bush got us into this horrible war with lies, by lying, by saying they had weapons of mass destruction, by saying all sorts of things that turned out not to be true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was 2008. Times and opinions change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The calls on the right for Obama’s impeachment were loud as well. There was an \u003ca href=\"http://www.pledgetoimpeach.com/\">Impeach Obama website\u003c/a> that had more than double the petition signers than the Trump one. It urged people to call Congress, gave the Capitol switchboard number and instructed them to “in plain — but \u003cem>polite\u003c/em> — language, demand impeachment and give a reason or two why.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Rhodes, Obama’s deputy national security adviser, even admitted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/obama-foreign-policy-legacy-ben-rhodes-donald-trump-china-iran-214642\">Michael Crowley in Politico magazine\u003c/a> in January that part of why Obama didn’t act on Syria unilaterally — without Congress’ approval — was fear of impeachment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[W]e had no domestic legal basis. We actually had Congress warning us against taking action without congressional authorization, which we interpreted as the president could face impeachment,” Rhodes said. “That was a factor. Go back and read the letters from [then-House Speaker John] Boehner, letters from the Republican members of Congress. They laid down markers that this would not be constitutional. If we got drawn into a conflict in Syria without congressional authorization, without international authorization, without international support, you can see very clearly how that could have completely derailed this entire presidency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To reiterate, Trump is unlikely to be impeached by a Republican Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if things keep up at this pace — if the Comey memo comes out and he delivers damning testimony — and the GOP still does nothing, not even setting up an independent investigation, you can guarantee that the “I” word would hang all over next year’s midterm elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, as much as in any election, Trump’s presidency would be top of mind for voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Impeachment+Talk+Grows+From+Conspiracy+Theory+To+Mainstream&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Senate is negotiating its own legislation to repeal and replace much of the Affordable Care Act in secret talks with senators hand-picked by party leaders and with no plans for committee hearings to publicly vet the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am encouraged by what we are seeing in the Senate. We're seeing senators leading,\" said Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, one of the 13 Republicans involved in the private talks. \"We're seeing senators working together in good faith. We're not seeing senators throwing rocks at each other, either in private or in the press.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Democrats have a different take. \"Your morning reminder that under the cloud cover of the FBI story, 13 GOP Senators are still secretly writing a bill to destroy the ACA,\" Sen. Chris Murphy, D-Conn., \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ChrisMurphyCT/status/864089871270457345\">tweeted\u003c/a> Monday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Republicans have shrugged away criticism about their decision to avoid action in committees in favor of closely guarded meetings in the U.S. Capitol to craft legislation to repeal and replace key pillars of President Barack Obama's health care law and reshape Medicaid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The working group has met four times, and it plans to continue to meet every Tuesday and Thursday. So far, its strategy appears to be selectively suggesting potential provisions of the legislation to the media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Sen. John Thune, R-S.D., has \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/12/senate-obamacare-repeal-tax-credits-238290\">floated\u003c/a> pegging tax credits to help Americans buy health insurance to their income instead of their age like it does in the House version of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the fallout over President Trump's decision to fire FBI Director James Comey consumes the news cycle, it has not had an impact on Republicans' health care talks. A GOP aide for a senator involved in the talks said it has even given the Senate some breathing room to negotiate with so much attention focused elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell formed the negotiating team to take the lead on crafting health care legislation that can ultimately win the support of at least 50 of the chamber's 52 Republicans. No Democrats are expected to support any potential GOP health care bill. The legislation is moving under special budget rules known as reconciliation, which means it is not subject to usual filibuster rules and cannot be blocked by the minority party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans ditched the House-passed bill in pursuit of their own legislation, although the two chambers share the broad goals of repealing the ACA's individual mandates and taxes, restricting access to abortion services and overhauling the Medicaid system from an open-ended federal guarantee that covers costs to a system that gives states more flexibility to spend an allotted amount of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservatives like Cruz are also laying down what they say is a key marker for whether a bill can pass the Senate: \"Do premiums go up, or do they go down?\" Cruz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., told reporters last week that Republicans are still in the early planning phase of crafting a bill. \"We still need to agree on those goals and find out what's achievable,\" he said. Like Cruz, Johnson said for him lowering premiums is a top goal and he wants to repeal as much of the ACA as possible under the Senate's more strict budget rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early talks suggest Republicans are optimistic they can ultimately pass a bill by the August recess. \"We've got a group of 52 Republican senators, all of us want to get to 'yes,'\" Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sens. Susan Collins, R-Maine, and Bill Cassidy, R-La., have introduced their own health care plan, and they have been prominent voices in the debate, but they were excluded from the health care working group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans were roundly criticized for not including any women in their core group, but the Republican women in the Senate who were asked about the omission said they didn't mind. \"It doesn't bother me, the leaders have the right to choose whoever they wish,\" said Collins. \"It doesn't mean that I'm not going to work on health care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cassidy and Collins have been moderating voices in the health care debate, and their support or opposition could be critical to Republicans' success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cassidy-Collins proposal would let states keep the ACA, also known as Obamacare, in place if they wanted to, and it leaves in place the ACA's taxes and fees to have revenue streams to pay for their health care overhaul. However, their plan doesn't enjoy support among conservatives who don't believe it goes far enough to repeal and replace Obamacare — the party's signature campaign pledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The duo has been reaching out to Democrats, but Cassidy said his efforts have been rejected. Democrats see no policy or political upside to working with Republicans to dismantle the ACA. \"Let me phrase this carefully. I've had seven or eight meetings with Democrats either in their office, maybe once my office or on the floor, and that was the consistent message I got,\" Cassidy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most Republicans see no political advantage to attempting to craft bipartisan legislation that could aid vulnerable Red State Senate Democrats heading in to the midterm elections. In other words, there is mutual disinterest in bipartisanship when it comes to the fundamentals of Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GOP health care talks are expected to roll through the summer months in the Senate. The long-term strategy — according to senior GOP aides in both the House and Senate — is to pass a Senate bill and send it back to the House for an up-or-down vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While House passage of their bill was hailed by the president in an unusual Rose Garden ceremony earlier this month, Republicans are still a long way away from fulfilling their campaign promises on health care. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Secret+Republican+Senate+Talks+Are+Shaping+Health+Care+Legislation&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Senate is negotiating its own legislation to repeal and replace much of the Affordable Care Act in secret talks with senators hand-picked by party leaders and with no plans for committee hearings to publicly vet the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am encouraged by what we are seeing in the Senate. We're seeing senators leading,\" said Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, one of the 13 Republicans involved in the private talks. \"We're seeing senators working together in good faith. We're not seeing senators throwing rocks at each other, either in private or in the press.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Democrats have a different take. \"Your morning reminder that under the cloud cover of the FBI story, 13 GOP Senators are still secretly writing a bill to destroy the ACA,\" Sen. Chris Murphy, D-Conn., \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ChrisMurphyCT/status/864089871270457345\">tweeted\u003c/a> Monday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Republicans have shrugged away criticism about their decision to avoid action in committees in favor of closely guarded meetings in the U.S. Capitol to craft legislation to repeal and replace key pillars of President Barack Obama's health care law and reshape Medicaid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The working group has met four times, and it plans to continue to meet every Tuesday and Thursday. So far, its strategy appears to be selectively suggesting potential provisions of the legislation to the media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Sen. John Thune, R-S.D., has \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/12/senate-obamacare-repeal-tax-credits-238290\">floated\u003c/a> pegging tax credits to help Americans buy health insurance to their income instead of their age like it does in the House version of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the fallout over President Trump's decision to fire FBI Director James Comey consumes the news cycle, it has not had an impact on Republicans' health care talks. A GOP aide for a senator involved in the talks said it has even given the Senate some breathing room to negotiate with so much attention focused elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell formed the negotiating team to take the lead on crafting health care legislation that can ultimately win the support of at least 50 of the chamber's 52 Republicans. No Democrats are expected to support any potential GOP health care bill. The legislation is moving under special budget rules known as reconciliation, which means it is not subject to usual filibuster rules and cannot be blocked by the minority party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans ditched the House-passed bill in pursuit of their own legislation, although the two chambers share the broad goals of repealing the ACA's individual mandates and taxes, restricting access to abortion services and overhauling the Medicaid system from an open-ended federal guarantee that covers costs to a system that gives states more flexibility to spend an allotted amount of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservatives like Cruz are also laying down what they say is a key marker for whether a bill can pass the Senate: \"Do premiums go up, or do they go down?\" Cruz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., told reporters last week that Republicans are still in the early planning phase of crafting a bill. \"We still need to agree on those goals and find out what's achievable,\" he said. Like Cruz, Johnson said for him lowering premiums is a top goal and he wants to repeal as much of the ACA as possible under the Senate's more strict budget rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early talks suggest Republicans are optimistic they can ultimately pass a bill by the August recess. \"We've got a group of 52 Republican senators, all of us want to get to 'yes,'\" Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sens. Susan Collins, R-Maine, and Bill Cassidy, R-La., have introduced their own health care plan, and they have been prominent voices in the debate, but they were excluded from the health care working group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans were roundly criticized for not including any women in their core group, but the Republican women in the Senate who were asked about the omission said they didn't mind. \"It doesn't bother me, the leaders have the right to choose whoever they wish,\" said Collins. \"It doesn't mean that I'm not going to work on health care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cassidy and Collins have been moderating voices in the health care debate, and their support or opposition could be critical to Republicans' success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cassidy-Collins proposal would let states keep the ACA, also known as Obamacare, in place if they wanted to, and it leaves in place the ACA's taxes and fees to have revenue streams to pay for their health care overhaul. However, their plan doesn't enjoy support among conservatives who don't believe it goes far enough to repeal and replace Obamacare — the party's signature campaign pledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The duo has been reaching out to Democrats, but Cassidy said his efforts have been rejected. Democrats see no policy or political upside to working with Republicans to dismantle the ACA. \"Let me phrase this carefully. I've had seven or eight meetings with Democrats either in their office, maybe once my office or on the floor, and that was the consistent message I got,\" Cassidy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most Republicans see no political advantage to attempting to craft bipartisan legislation that could aid vulnerable Red State Senate Democrats heading in to the midterm elections. In other words, there is mutual disinterest in bipartisanship when it comes to the fundamentals of Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GOP health care talks are expected to roll through the summer months in the Senate. The long-term strategy — according to senior GOP aides in both the House and Senate — is to pass a Senate bill and send it back to the House for an up-or-down vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While House passage of their bill was hailed by the president in an unusual Rose Garden ceremony earlier this month, Republicans are still a long way away from fulfilling their campaign promises on health care. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Secret+Republican+Senate+Talks+Are+Shaping+Health+Care+Legislation&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>There's a famous story about how Lana Turner was discovered: sitting in a Hollywood drugstore, sipping a soda. Next thing you know, she's one of the most sought after \"It\" girls of the 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may be some key details left out of that account, but one can assume, at least in theory, that it makes sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What doesn't necessarily make sense? The recent fever pitch over 78-year-old Rep. Maxine Waters, D-Calif., who has been adopted by a new generation as \"Auntie Maxine.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waters has spent more than four decades in public service but it's only now that she's become the political crush for young progressives. That's due to her fierce attacks on President Trump and his new administration. While other politicians practice staid sound bites, Waters is extemporaneous and unpredictable. But usually her message is along the lines of \"Impeach 45!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has made her deep raspy voice and withering facial expressions almost inescapable recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although she's been a staple of cable news shows on CNN and MSNBC, Waters' popularity and reach have surpassed the traditional political audience and grabbed hold of young left-leaning hearts and minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past month alone, she's appeared at the MTV Music Awards where she basked and curtsied in the roaring applause of a standing ovation that went on and on. She's been featured in the \u003cem>Huffington Post\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Teen Vogue\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Ebony\u003c/em> and \u003cem>The Washington Post's\u003c/em> \"Cape Up\" podcast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was probably a \u003ca href=\"http://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/news/a42222/rep-maxine-waters-will-read-you-now/\">January article\u003c/a> by humor columnist R. Eric Thomas on Elle.com that catapulted the septuagenarian to stardom with the selfie-taking set and led to her new, familial nickname.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459093\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11459093 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/GettyImages-623386242-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Maxine Waters speaks during a House Financial Services Committee hearing on Capitol Hill on Nov. 15, 2016, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Zach Gibson/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Apparently, Thomas, who has a Lana Turner story of his own — he was hired by the magazine after being discovered on Twitter — was home watching C-SPAN, when Waters serendipitously appeared on the screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas had found a new muse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you haven't seen the performance that launched hundreds of thousands of tweets, take 30 seconds to watch the \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4646033/maxine-waters-says-fbi-director-credibility\">whole thing\u003c/a>. But if you don't have the time, here's what you need to know: Waters had left an intelligence briefing with then-FBI Director James Comey. She was not pleased with what she had heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, can I help you? What do you want?\" is how she addressed reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas can't help laughing as he recalls watching it unfold in real time. \"I was like, 'Who is this person?' \" he said, \"She walks into a press conference like they're already on her last nerve.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was delighted, flabbergasted and inspired and that led to \u003ca href=\"http://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/news/a42222/rep-maxine-waters-will-read-you-now/\">this unforgettable paragraph\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I have never seen anything like this outside of a family reunion. Rep. Waters is definitely that auntie who got rich selling Avon and doesn't really like your father. Or any of these low-rent people. But you sit by her so that she can stage-whisper critiques with a mouth full of potato salad.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So, technically, the words \"Auntie Maxine\" may never have been strung together by Thomas, but he takes full credit anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's on my business card!\" he bragged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asheya Warren is among Waters' legion of fans, and says the congresswoman's frank style and \"shade\"-throwing skills are what appeal to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's the way she says what she says,\" Warren said. Older women like Waters get a pass to freely speak their minds, added the 30-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a woman is over 60, she said, \"You're able to say whatever you want to, whenever you want to. My mom does it, her two sisters do it, my grandmother did it, and again, that's why that 'Auntie' moniker is so well received.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waters is thrilled by it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am surprised and honored to be so enthusiastically supported by millennials,\" she said by phone from her office in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says millennials — though she may be a little generous with that designation — stop her on the street, at the mall and in restaurants, with the same cry. \"Auntie Maxine! Oh my God, can I take a picture?\" they squeal in excitement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waters recognizes she's filling a void left by today's professional politicians, who are sometimes afraid to state their genuine opinions, fearing a backlash from constituents or the potential loss of their seat. \"But I'm not afraid of that,\" she said defiantly. \"I will speak my mind.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if that makes you want to call her \"Auntie,\" be ready. She likes giving hugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Auntie%27+Maxine+Waters+Is+The+Political+Crush+Of+The+Moment+For+Young+Progressives&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There's a famous story about how Lana Turner was discovered: sitting in a Hollywood drugstore, sipping a soda. Next thing you know, she's one of the most sought after \"It\" girls of the 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may be some key details left out of that account, but one can assume, at least in theory, that it makes sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What doesn't necessarily make sense? The recent fever pitch over 78-year-old Rep. Maxine Waters, D-Calif., who has been adopted by a new generation as \"Auntie Maxine.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waters has spent more than four decades in public service but it's only now that she's become the political crush for young progressives. That's due to her fierce attacks on President Trump and his new administration. While other politicians practice staid sound bites, Waters is extemporaneous and unpredictable. But usually her message is along the lines of \"Impeach 45!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has made her deep raspy voice and withering facial expressions almost inescapable recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although she's been a staple of cable news shows on CNN and MSNBC, Waters' popularity and reach have surpassed the traditional political audience and grabbed hold of young left-leaning hearts and minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past month alone, she's appeared at the MTV Music Awards where she basked and curtsied in the roaring applause of a standing ovation that went on and on. She's been featured in the \u003cem>Huffington Post\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Teen Vogue\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Ebony\u003c/em> and \u003cem>The Washington Post's\u003c/em> \"Cape Up\" podcast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it was probably a \u003ca href=\"http://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/news/a42222/rep-maxine-waters-will-read-you-now/\">January article\u003c/a> by humor columnist R. Eric Thomas on Elle.com that catapulted the septuagenarian to stardom with the selfie-taking set and led to her new, familial nickname.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11459093\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11459093 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/GettyImages-623386242-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Maxine Waters speaks during a House Financial Services Committee hearing on Capitol Hill on Nov. 15, 2016, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Zach Gibson/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Apparently, Thomas, who has a Lana Turner story of his own — he was hired by the magazine after being discovered on Twitter — was home watching C-SPAN, when Waters serendipitously appeared on the screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas had found a new muse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you haven't seen the performance that launched hundreds of thousands of tweets, take 30 seconds to watch the \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4646033/maxine-waters-says-fbi-director-credibility\">whole thing\u003c/a>. But if you don't have the time, here's what you need to know: Waters had left an intelligence briefing with then-FBI Director James Comey. She was not pleased with what she had heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, can I help you? What do you want?\" is how she addressed reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas can't help laughing as he recalls watching it unfold in real time. \"I was like, 'Who is this person?' \" he said, \"She walks into a press conference like they're already on her last nerve.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was delighted, flabbergasted and inspired and that led to \u003ca href=\"http://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/news/a42222/rep-maxine-waters-will-read-you-now/\">this unforgettable paragraph\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I have never seen anything like this outside of a family reunion. Rep. Waters is definitely that auntie who got rich selling Avon and doesn't really like your father. Or any of these low-rent people. But you sit by her so that she can stage-whisper critiques with a mouth full of potato salad.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>So, technically, the words \"Auntie Maxine\" may never have been strung together by Thomas, but he takes full credit anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's on my business card!\" he bragged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asheya Warren is among Waters' legion of fans, and says the congresswoman's frank style and \"shade\"-throwing skills are what appeal to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's the way she says what she says,\" Warren said. Older women like Waters get a pass to freely speak their minds, added the 30-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a woman is over 60, she said, \"You're able to say whatever you want to, whenever you want to. My mom does it, her two sisters do it, my grandmother did it, and again, that's why that 'Auntie' moniker is so well received.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waters is thrilled by it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am surprised and honored to be so enthusiastically supported by millennials,\" she said by phone from her office in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says millennials — though she may be a little generous with that designation — stop her on the street, at the mall and in restaurants, with the same cry. \"Auntie Maxine! Oh my God, can I take a picture?\" they squeal in excitement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waters recognizes she's filling a void left by today's professional politicians, who are sometimes afraid to state their genuine opinions, fearing a backlash from constituents or the potential loss of their seat. \"But I'm not afraid of that,\" she said defiantly. \"I will speak my mind.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if that makes you want to call her \"Auntie,\" be ready. She likes giving hugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Auntie%27+Maxine+Waters+Is+The+Political+Crush+Of+The+Moment+For+Young+Progressives&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Tesla is now accepting deposits for its new solar roof system, offering an \"infinity\" warranty for tiles that integrate solar power into roof coverings. Installations will begin in June, the company says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Resembling normal roofing shingles, the solar tiles will be offered in a variety of styles, from slate and terra cotta to smooth or textured dark gray. \u003ca href=\"https://www.tesla.com/solarroof\">On its website\u003c/a>, Tesla is taking $1,000 deposits toward work that includes removing a house's existing roof, installing the solar tiles and equipping the home with a battery to store power.\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potential customers can use the company's online tool to estimate the solar roof's costs and savings, based on their roof's square footage. The results, which draw on Google's \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/get/sunroof\">Project Sunroof\u003c/a>, vary according to energy costs and other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solar roof tiles are made of quartz glass. But not all tiles on a house with the system will be actively gathering the sun's energy. Tesla's plan calls for mixing solar and nonsolar tiles. From the street, the company says, the two look identical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a two-story house in Raleigh, N.C., with 2,467 square feet — the median size of a new, single-family home in the U.S., according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/construction/chars/pdf/c25ann2015.pdf\">recent Census Bureau data\u003c/a> — the upfront cost of replacing a roof with the solar tile system comes to $46,400, according to Tesla's online tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal tax credit drops that amount by nearly $14,000, but Tesla's Powerwall battery adds a $7,000 expense. With 60 percent solar coverage on the roof, the system would generate $38,100 worth of energy over 30 years, according to the estimate, leaving the homeowner with a net cost of $1,400. Depending on the local energy market, a similar home in another area could generate a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"infinity\" warranty covers the glass in the tiles, Tesla says. The company offers a 30-year warranty for other aspects of the system, such as the tiles' power output and the system's ability to prevent leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The price per square foot varies with the proportion of solar and nonsolar tiles. Tesla says active tiles will cost $42 per square foot, while inert tiles will be around $11 per square foot. The active tiles have three main layers, with a base solar cell beneath a colored louver film that's covered by tempered glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A standard solar panel setup could cost about 30 percent less than the Tesla system, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-05-10/tesla-s-solar-roof-is-finally-ready-for-you-to-buy\">Bloomberg reports\u003c/a>. But the news outlet also says Tesla is bringing its aesthetically appealing tiles to market at a price that's well beneath earlier expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla says its SolarCity subsidiary will begin installing the first systems in California in June and will then spread to other areas. For 2017, the solar tiles will be installed only in the U.S., the company says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Tesla+Begins+Taking+Orders+For+Its+Solar+Energy+Roof+Tile+Systems&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tesla is now accepting deposits for its new solar roof system, offering an \"infinity\" warranty for tiles that integrate solar power into roof coverings. Installations will begin in June, the company says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Resembling normal roofing shingles, the solar tiles will be offered in a variety of styles, from slate and terra cotta to smooth or textured dark gray. \u003ca href=\"https://www.tesla.com/solarroof\">On its website\u003c/a>, Tesla is taking $1,000 deposits toward work that includes removing a house's existing roof, installing the solar tiles and equipping the home with a battery to store power.\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potential customers can use the company's online tool to estimate the solar roof's costs and savings, based on their roof's square footage. The results, which draw on Google's \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/get/sunroof\">Project Sunroof\u003c/a>, vary according to energy costs and other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solar roof tiles are made of quartz glass. But not all tiles on a house with the system will be actively gathering the sun's energy. Tesla's plan calls for mixing solar and nonsolar tiles. From the street, the company says, the two look identical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a two-story house in Raleigh, N.C., with 2,467 square feet — the median size of a new, single-family home in the U.S., according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/construction/chars/pdf/c25ann2015.pdf\">recent Census Bureau data\u003c/a> — the upfront cost of replacing a roof with the solar tile system comes to $46,400, according to Tesla's online tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal tax credit drops that amount by nearly $14,000, but Tesla's Powerwall battery adds a $7,000 expense. With 60 percent solar coverage on the roof, the system would generate $38,100 worth of energy over 30 years, according to the estimate, leaving the homeowner with a net cost of $1,400. Depending on the local energy market, a similar home in another area could generate a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"infinity\" warranty covers the glass in the tiles, Tesla says. The company offers a 30-year warranty for other aspects of the system, such as the tiles' power output and the system's ability to prevent leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The price per square foot varies with the proportion of solar and nonsolar tiles. Tesla says active tiles will cost $42 per square foot, while inert tiles will be around $11 per square foot. The active tiles have three main layers, with a base solar cell beneath a colored louver film that's covered by tempered glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A standard solar panel setup could cost about 30 percent less than the Tesla system, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-05-10/tesla-s-solar-roof-is-finally-ready-for-you-to-buy\">Bloomberg reports\u003c/a>. But the news outlet also says Tesla is bringing its aesthetically appealing tiles to market at a price that's well beneath earlier expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla says its SolarCity subsidiary will begin installing the first systems in California in June and will then spread to other areas. For 2017, the solar tiles will be installed only in the U.S., the company says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Tesla+Begins+Taking+Orders+For+Its+Solar+Energy+Roof+Tile+Systems&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "President Trump Fires FBI Director James Comey",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 9:22 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president has fired FBI Director James Comey, who was overseeing an investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 elections and possible ties to the Trump campaign and top aides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House pointed to Comey's handling of the probe into Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton's private email server while secretary of state as the reason for his dismissal. But Democrats were quick to call the move \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/09/527677009/nothing-less-than-nixonian-democrats-react-to-comey-firing\">\"Nixonian,\"\u003c/a> claiming that the decision by President Trump was part of an effort to impede the Justice Department's Russia investigation which, in the view of many leading Capitol Hill Democrats, could now only be managed by a special prosecutor going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"k818C8K6OQZHsKqpY3gDbg9mJLadMcgE\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today, President Donald J. Trump informed FBI Director James Comey that he has been terminated and removed from office. President Trump acted based on the clear recommendations of both Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein and Attorney General Jeff Sessions,\" White House press secretary Sean Spicer said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The FBI is one of our Nation's most cherished and respected institutions and today will mark a new beginning for our crown jewel of law enforcement,\" the president said in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ComeyLetter]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Russia probe looms over surprise dismissal\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The abrupt decision by the White House brings to an end a tumultuous tenure for the career prosecutor who found himself at the center of controversy about the 2016 election, taking heat from both sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it also raised questions about the ongoing Russia probe, with Democrats saying the firing was an effort by the White House to derail the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"VaybQVaWkmjLDjl8fmG8g8Mq88CxuJ4E\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The first question the administration has to answer is, 'Why now?'\" said Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y. \"If the administration had objections to the way Director Comey handled the Clinton investigation, they had those objections the minute the president got into office. But they didn't fire him then. Why did it happen today?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If Deputy Attorney General Rosenstein does not appoint an independent special prosecutor, every American will rightly suspect that the decision to fire Director Comey was part of a cover-up,\" Schumer continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>FBI Director became a flashpoint in 2016 election\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Comey first made waves in July 2016 when he announced that the FBI was \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/07/05/484785586/fbi-recommends-no-charges-for-hillary-clinton-in-email-server-case\">not recommending any charges\u003c/a> against Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton over her handling of her controversial private server while she was secretary of state during the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though there would be no prosecution, Comey's press conference in and of itself was damning, as he declared that Clinton and her staff had been \"extremely careless\" in handling classified data — fodder that Trump and Republicans would use throughout the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"QV3UFD190E7qSw6JLODT7BMkn9Ph2pvz\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rosenstein, Trump's deputy attorney general, said in his memorandum to Attorney General Jeff Sessions that those actions were in part what motivated his dismissal:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"The Director was wrong to usurp the Attorney General's authority on July 5, 2016, and announce his conclusion that the case should be closed without prosecution. It is not the function of the Director to make such an announcement. At most, the Director should have said the FBI had completed its investigation and presented its findings to federal prosecutors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>On Twitter last week, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/859601184285491201\">claimed\u003c/a> that Comey \"was the best thing that ever happened to Hillary Clinton in that he gave her a free pass for many bad deeds!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey again found himself at the center of a political firestorm when less than two weeks before Election Day last year he notified Congress he was re-opening the investigation into Clinton's emails. Clinton \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/02/526586505/clinton-blames-2016-loss-on-comey-letter-russian-interference-and-herself\">said last week\u003c/a> she believed that controversial decision contributed to her loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the campaign, Trump \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/policy/national-security/332641-flashback-trump-praised-comey-in-october\">said\u003c/a> that Comey's decision to re-open the Clinton investigation \"took a lot of guts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes me mildly nauseous to think that we might have had some impact on the election,\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/03/526720922/fbi-director-comey-testifies-before-senate-judiciary-committee\">Comey testified\u003c/a> before the Senate Judiciary Committee last week in defending his decision. \"But honestly, it wouldn't change the decision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"pLfvsQawVlc7vbLyKQB7YtWQGxsQaRXL\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that same testimony, Comey said that Clinton aide Huma Abedin had forwarded \"hundreds and thousands\" of Clinton's emails, \"some of which contained classified information\" to her then-husband, former Rep. Anthony Weiner, to print out. The discovery of those emails while Weiner was being investigated for possible lewd contact with a minor online is what triggered the re-opening of the Clinton investigation just before Election Day. However, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/comeys-testimony-on-huma-abedin-forwarding-emails-was-inaccurate\">ProPublica\u003c/a> reported Comey's testimony had been inaccurate, and that there had only been a \"small number\" of emails forwarded, Comey had to clarify those comments in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/2017-05-09%20FBI%20to%20CEG%20-%20Comey%20Testimony%20Supplement.pdf\">letter\u003c/a> to the Senate Judiciary Committee released Tuesday nearly the same time news of his firing began to break in the media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/20/520765159/watch-live-house-hearing-on-russian-attempts-to-interfere-in-u-s-election\">confirmed\u003c/a> earlier this year that the FBI was investigating possible coordination between the Trump campaign and Russian attempts to influence the U.S. presidential election. The president has repeatedly downplayed any investigation, dismissing it as a \"total hoax.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his letter to Comey relieving him of his duties effective immediately, Trump alluded to the ongoing Russia investigation but also stressed that he had not personally been implicated:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"While I greatly appreciate you informing me. on three separate occasions. that I am not under investigation, I nevertheless concur with the judgment of the Department of Justice that you are not able to effectively lead the Bureau.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But the ongoing Russia investigation badly complicates Trump's decision to fire Comey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sessions, who recommended Comey's dismissal, had already \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/02/518198749/attorney-general-sessions-to-recuse-himself-from-any-trump-campaign-investigatio\">recused himself\u003c/a> from any investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 election, leaving any inquiry to be led by Rosenstein. The decision by Sessions, who was a top Trump surrogate, came in March after he first testified he had no contact with Russian officials during the campaign but then later clarified that he did twice meet with Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given that the Attorney General supposedly recused himself from the Russia investigation, he should not have played any role in removing the lead investigator from his duties,\" Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., a senior Judiciary Committee member, said in a statement. \"Deputy Attorney General Rosenstein now has no choice but to appoint a Special Counsel. His integrity, and the integrity of the entire Justice Department, are at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Republicans raise concerns over firing \u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It wasn't just Democrats who were questioning the rapid turn of events. Senate Intelligence Committee Chairman Richard Burr said in a statement that he was \"troubled by the timing and reasoning of Director Comey's termination.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Director Comey has been more forthcoming with information than any FBI Director I can recall in my tenure on the congressional intelligence committees,\" the North Carolina Republican said. \"His dismissal, I believe, is a loss for the Bureau and the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Kqi3HsmW5cOzCoWr1VYxyQUhM9X8g40b\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Justin Amash, R-Mich., who's been critical of Trump in the past, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/justinamash/status/862089192603607041\">tweeted\u003c/a> that he and his staff were \"reviewing legislation to establish an independent commission on Russia,\" calling Trump's comments in his letter to Comey underscoring that he himself wasn't under investigation \"bizarre.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey was just four years into a ten-year term after being nominated by President Obama in 2013. His pick drew bipartisan praise and he was \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/314179-senate-votes-93-1-to-confirm-obamas-nominee-to-lead-the-fbi\">confirmed\u003c/a> by the Senate overwhelmingly by a vote of 93-1. A former Republican, Comey served as the deputy attorney general for nearly two years under President George W. Bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey has repeatedly reiterated he planned to remain at the FBI, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/08/519235979/youre-stuck-with-me-fbi-director-says-citing-no-plans-to-leave-job\">saying in March\u003c/a>, \"You're stuck with me for about 6 1/2 years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump does have the authority to fire the FBI director, even without a reason, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.newsweek.com/can-president-fire-fbi-director-trump-comey-594716\">Newsweek\u003c/a> noted just last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a president has only taken such action once before. In 1993 President Bill Clinton \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1993/07/20/us/defiant-fbi-chief-removed-from-job-by-the-president.html\">dismissed\u003c/a> FBI Director William Sessions amid ethics concerns after Sessions refused to resign. But that was after the culmination of a long investigation that found that Sessions had abused his office. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=President+Trump+Fires+FBI+Director+James+Comey&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 9:22 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president has fired FBI Director James Comey, who was overseeing an investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 elections and possible ties to the Trump campaign and top aides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House pointed to Comey's handling of the probe into Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton's private email server while secretary of state as the reason for his dismissal. But Democrats were quick to call the move \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/09/527677009/nothing-less-than-nixonian-democrats-react-to-comey-firing\">\"Nixonian,\"\u003c/a> claiming that the decision by President Trump was part of an effort to impede the Justice Department's Russia investigation which, in the view of many leading Capitol Hill Democrats, could now only be managed by a special prosecutor going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today, President Donald J. Trump informed FBI Director James Comey that he has been terminated and removed from office. President Trump acted based on the clear recommendations of both Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein and Attorney General Jeff Sessions,\" White House press secretary Sean Spicer said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The FBI is one of our Nation's most cherished and respected institutions and today will mark a new beginning for our crown jewel of law enforcement,\" the president said in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ComeyLetter]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Russia probe looms over surprise dismissal\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The abrupt decision by the White House brings to an end a tumultuous tenure for the career prosecutor who found himself at the center of controversy about the 2016 election, taking heat from both sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it also raised questions about the ongoing Russia probe, with Democrats saying the firing was an effort by the White House to derail the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The first question the administration has to answer is, 'Why now?'\" said Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y. \"If the administration had objections to the way Director Comey handled the Clinton investigation, they had those objections the minute the president got into office. But they didn't fire him then. Why did it happen today?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If Deputy Attorney General Rosenstein does not appoint an independent special prosecutor, every American will rightly suspect that the decision to fire Director Comey was part of a cover-up,\" Schumer continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>FBI Director became a flashpoint in 2016 election\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Comey first made waves in July 2016 when he announced that the FBI was \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/07/05/484785586/fbi-recommends-no-charges-for-hillary-clinton-in-email-server-case\">not recommending any charges\u003c/a> against Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton over her handling of her controversial private server while she was secretary of state during the Obama administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though there would be no prosecution, Comey's press conference in and of itself was damning, as he declared that Clinton and her staff had been \"extremely careless\" in handling classified data — fodder that Trump and Republicans would use throughout the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rosenstein, Trump's deputy attorney general, said in his memorandum to Attorney General Jeff Sessions that those actions were in part what motivated his dismissal:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"The Director was wrong to usurp the Attorney General's authority on July 5, 2016, and announce his conclusion that the case should be closed without prosecution. It is not the function of the Director to make such an announcement. At most, the Director should have said the FBI had completed its investigation and presented its findings to federal prosecutors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>On Twitter last week, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/859601184285491201\">claimed\u003c/a> that Comey \"was the best thing that ever happened to Hillary Clinton in that he gave her a free pass for many bad deeds!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey again found himself at the center of a political firestorm when less than two weeks before Election Day last year he notified Congress he was re-opening the investigation into Clinton's emails. Clinton \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/02/526586505/clinton-blames-2016-loss-on-comey-letter-russian-interference-and-herself\">said last week\u003c/a> she believed that controversial decision contributed to her loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the campaign, Trump \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/policy/national-security/332641-flashback-trump-praised-comey-in-october\">said\u003c/a> that Comey's decision to re-open the Clinton investigation \"took a lot of guts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes me mildly nauseous to think that we might have had some impact on the election,\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/03/526720922/fbi-director-comey-testifies-before-senate-judiciary-committee\">Comey testified\u003c/a> before the Senate Judiciary Committee last week in defending his decision. \"But honestly, it wouldn't change the decision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that same testimony, Comey said that Clinton aide Huma Abedin had forwarded \"hundreds and thousands\" of Clinton's emails, \"some of which contained classified information\" to her then-husband, former Rep. Anthony Weiner, to print out. The discovery of those emails while Weiner was being investigated for possible lewd contact with a minor online is what triggered the re-opening of the Clinton investigation just before Election Day. However, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/comeys-testimony-on-huma-abedin-forwarding-emails-was-inaccurate\">ProPublica\u003c/a> reported Comey's testimony had been inaccurate, and that there had only been a \"small number\" of emails forwarded, Comey had to clarify those comments in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/2017-05-09%20FBI%20to%20CEG%20-%20Comey%20Testimony%20Supplement.pdf\">letter\u003c/a> to the Senate Judiciary Committee released Tuesday nearly the same time news of his firing began to break in the media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/20/520765159/watch-live-house-hearing-on-russian-attempts-to-interfere-in-u-s-election\">confirmed\u003c/a> earlier this year that the FBI was investigating possible coordination between the Trump campaign and Russian attempts to influence the U.S. presidential election. The president has repeatedly downplayed any investigation, dismissing it as a \"total hoax.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his letter to Comey relieving him of his duties effective immediately, Trump alluded to the ongoing Russia investigation but also stressed that he had not personally been implicated:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"While I greatly appreciate you informing me. on three separate occasions. that I am not under investigation, I nevertheless concur with the judgment of the Department of Justice that you are not able to effectively lead the Bureau.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But the ongoing Russia investigation badly complicates Trump's decision to fire Comey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sessions, who recommended Comey's dismissal, had already \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/02/518198749/attorney-general-sessions-to-recuse-himself-from-any-trump-campaign-investigatio\">recused himself\u003c/a> from any investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 election, leaving any inquiry to be led by Rosenstein. The decision by Sessions, who was a top Trump surrogate, came in March after he first testified he had no contact with Russian officials during the campaign but then later clarified that he did twice meet with Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given that the Attorney General supposedly recused himself from the Russia investigation, he should not have played any role in removing the lead investigator from his duties,\" Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., a senior Judiciary Committee member, said in a statement. \"Deputy Attorney General Rosenstein now has no choice but to appoint a Special Counsel. His integrity, and the integrity of the entire Justice Department, are at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Republicans raise concerns over firing \u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It wasn't just Democrats who were questioning the rapid turn of events. Senate Intelligence Committee Chairman Richard Burr said in a statement that he was \"troubled by the timing and reasoning of Director Comey's termination.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Director Comey has been more forthcoming with information than any FBI Director I can recall in my tenure on the congressional intelligence committees,\" the North Carolina Republican said. \"His dismissal, I believe, is a loss for the Bureau and the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Justin Amash, R-Mich., who's been critical of Trump in the past, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/justinamash/status/862089192603607041\">tweeted\u003c/a> that he and his staff were \"reviewing legislation to establish an independent commission on Russia,\" calling Trump's comments in his letter to Comey underscoring that he himself wasn't under investigation \"bizarre.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey was just four years into a ten-year term after being nominated by President Obama in 2013. His pick drew bipartisan praise and he was \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/314179-senate-votes-93-1-to-confirm-obamas-nominee-to-lead-the-fbi\">confirmed\u003c/a> by the Senate overwhelmingly by a vote of 93-1. A former Republican, Comey served as the deputy attorney general for nearly two years under President George W. Bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey has repeatedly reiterated he planned to remain at the FBI, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/08/519235979/youre-stuck-with-me-fbi-director-says-citing-no-plans-to-leave-job\">saying in March\u003c/a>, \"You're stuck with me for about 6 1/2 years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump does have the authority to fire the FBI director, even without a reason, as \u003ca href=\"http://www.newsweek.com/can-president-fire-fbi-director-trump-comey-594716\">Newsweek\u003c/a> noted just last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a president has only taken such action once before. In 1993 President Bill Clinton \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1993/07/20/us/defiant-fbi-chief-removed-from-job-by-the-president.html\">dismissed\u003c/a> FBI Director William Sessions amid ethics concerns after Sessions refused to resign. But that was after the culmination of a long investigation that found that Sessions had abused his office. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=President+Trump+Fires+FBI+Director+James+Comey&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California may end a decades-old ban on members of the Communist Party working in its government, after the state Assembly approved a bill that would delete references to the party from its employment requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s sponsor, Assemblyman Rob Bonta, D-Oakland, said that California’s laws should focus on individuals’ actions and evidence rather than political affiliations and what he termed “empty labels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking on the floor of the Assembly, Bonta called the legislation a “cleanup bill that removes archaic and outdated references to the Communist Party in our state laws, specifically those stating that a public employee may be dismissed from employment if he or she advocates or is knowingly a member of the Communist Party.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill passed in a 41-30 vote, after a debate that touched on the Cold War, the U.S. history of fighting communism — and the potential for future conflicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Bonta called the measure “an appropriate step forward” for the state, three of his Republican colleagues in the California Assembly rose to speak against the bill, \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVotesClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AB 22\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This bill is blatantly offensive to all Californians,” said Assemblyman Travis Allen, R-Huntington Beach, who said his constituents include people who fled Vietnam’s Communist regime. “Communism stands for everything that the United States stands against.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen concluded, “To allow subversives and avowed Communists to now work for the state of California is a direct insult to the people of California who pay for that government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Randy Voepel, R-Santee, also opposed the bill, noting America’s history of going to war to combat communism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are 1.9 million veterans in California,” Voepel said. “Many of us fought the communists. They are still a threat. We have North Korea, that wants to do us in. We have China, who is a great, great threat to the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After those objections were raised, Bonta told his colleagues that the legislation includes a provision that allows the dismissal of any state employee “if that public employee advocates or is knowingly a member” of an organization that works toward “the overthrow of the government of the United States or any state by force or violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Northern California chairman for the Communist Party USA, Juan Lopez, has pushed to roll back similar bans in recent years — including one that forbids teachers from being in his party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Communist Party isn’t a registered political party in California, Lopez \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailybulletin.com/article/zz/20130113/NEWS/130118554\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told the Daily Bulletin\u003c/a> in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The bill's sponsor says the legislation is \"an appropriate step forward.\" But one opponent said it was an insult to \"to allow subversives and avowed Communists\" to work for the state.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California may end a decades-old ban on members of the Communist Party working in its government, after the state Assembly approved a bill that would delete references to the party from its employment requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s sponsor, Assemblyman Rob Bonta, D-Oakland, said that California’s laws should focus on individuals’ actions and evidence rather than political affiliations and what he termed “empty labels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking on the floor of the Assembly, Bonta called the legislation a “cleanup bill that removes archaic and outdated references to the Communist Party in our state laws, specifically those stating that a public employee may be dismissed from employment if he or she advocates or is knowingly a member of the Communist Party.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill passed in a 41-30 vote, after a debate that touched on the Cold War, the U.S. history of fighting communism — and the potential for future conflicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Bonta called the measure “an appropriate step forward” for the state, three of his Republican colleagues in the California Assembly rose to speak against the bill, \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billVotesClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AB 22\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This bill is blatantly offensive to all Californians,” said Assemblyman Travis Allen, R-Huntington Beach, who said his constituents include people who fled Vietnam’s Communist regime. “Communism stands for everything that the United States stands against.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen concluded, “To allow subversives and avowed Communists to now work for the state of California is a direct insult to the people of California who pay for that government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Randy Voepel, R-Santee, also opposed the bill, noting America’s history of going to war to combat communism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are 1.9 million veterans in California,” Voepel said. “Many of us fought the communists. They are still a threat. We have North Korea, that wants to do us in. We have China, who is a great, great threat to the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After those objections were raised, Bonta told his colleagues that the legislation includes a provision that allows the dismissal of any state employee “if that public employee advocates or is knowingly a member” of an organization that works toward “the overthrow of the government of the United States or any state by force or violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Northern California chairman for the Communist Party USA, Juan Lopez, has pushed to roll back similar bans in recent years — including one that forbids teachers from being in his party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Communist Party isn’t a registered political party in California, Lopez \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailybulletin.com/article/zz/20130113/NEWS/130118554\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told the Daily Bulletin\u003c/a> in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "a-gop-health-care-bill-is-expected-to-pass-but-still-has-a-long-way-to-go",
"title": "House Passes GOP Health Care Bill, But It Still Has a Long Way to Go",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:25 p.m., Thursday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe House voted Thursday to narrowly approve a Republican-drafted measure that would eliminate many of the provisions of the Affordable Care Act — the first step toward keeping one of President Trump’s campaign pledges and a victory for GOP lawmakers who have long railed against Obamacare, as the ACA is commonly known. The vote was 217-213.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure moves to the Senate, where its fate is far from certain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After passing the measure, House Republicans jumped on buses for a quick trip to an unusual victory lap event in the White House Rose Garden — given that the measure has a long way before it actually becomes law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”tLBOmNSoftUFhfMXsUMurzLjMnS7I88a”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump promised that premiums and deductibles would be coming down under the GOP plan and said that he feels “confident” the measure will make it through the Senate. “It’s going to be an unbelievable victory when we get it through the Senate,” he added. Trump also praised House Speaker Paul Ryan as “a genius” for engineering Thursday’s legislative win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking after Trump in the Rose Garden, Ryan asserted the GOP bill was “the beginning of the end of Obamacare.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy told lawmakers “finally after years of waiting, we have the chance to do something good today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats accused Republicans of ramming the bill through without fully understanding its provisions or its implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11440299\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-800x800.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-960x960.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-240x240.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-375x375.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-520x520.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-50x50.png 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-64x64.png 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-96x96.png 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-128x128.png 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-150x150.png 150w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP.png 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Republican representatives from California \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/04/how-your-california-rep-voted-on-gop-health-care-bill/\" target=\"_blank\">voted for the bill\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill included last-minute amendments designed to draw votes from the most conservative House Republicans in the House Freedom Caucus, as well as from their more moderate counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes were necessary after the original bill \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/24/521395060/ryan-trump-meet-as-more-republicans-defect-from-health-care-bill\">was pulled\u003c/a> from the floor in March when it became apparent it would not pass. And last week, GOP leaders considered bringing it back, but then \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/04/28/526050474/congress-passes-spending-bill-to-avoid-shutdown-again-punts-on-health-care\">decided not to risk another vote\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”qEVVPcKYRU6s9yEbCbNdQE46SAXieUvA”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican members had their arms twisted by Trump in phone calls, and attended a last-minute pep rally Thursday morning, in which GOP House leaders reportedly told them it was \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/2017/05/04/gop-revives-struggling-health-care-bill-and-plans-house-vote.html\">“time to live or die by this day.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure, known as the American Health Care Act, was called “a monstrosity” by House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, who said centrist Republicans who voted for the bill will have “walked the plank from moderate to radical,” adding “you will glow in the dark,” after voting for the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11440300\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-800x800.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-960x960.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-240x240.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-375x375.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-520x520.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-50x50.png 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-64x64.png 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-96x96.png 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-128x128.png 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-150x150.png 150w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill.png 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nRepublicans appear to have finally gotten their health care bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After seven years of repeal-and-replace rhetoric against the Affordable Care Act, two presidential campaigns waged for and against it and a recent high-profile failure, GOP House leaders say they have the votes for their bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trouble is this bill is likely never to become law — at least in its current iteration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s why: While the bill is expected to pass the House (narrowly) Thursday afternoon, it still has to go to the Senate. It’s being done with a wink and a promise that the Senate will overhaul substantial portions of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This thing is going to the United States Senate. It’s going to change in my view in the United States Senate in some way,” Rep. Tom Cole of Oklahoma, a deputy whip in the House, told \u003cem>NPR’s Morning Edition\u003c/em>. (He’s one of the people in charge of making sure Republicans have the votes.) “Then we have to have a conference to work out the differences. \u003cem>If\u003c/em> we can do that, then it has to still pass the House and the Senate again before it ever gets to the president. So at some point, you just have to move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/526833507/526833508\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, the Senate is controlled by Republicans, too, but they have an even slimmer majority there with equally fractious divisions. If they lose three votes, the bill goes down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Tom Cotton of Arkansas has been doing a delicate dance on Medicaid expansion. His state took federal money to expand Medicaid, but he’s called it a “welfare program” and said “\u003ca href=\"http://www.mediaite.com/online/gop-senator-republican-healthcare-plan-is-not-going-to-work-to-bring-down-premiums/\">able-bodied adults\u003c/a>” shouldn’t be on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an angry town hall, he changed his tune, saying the House bill was “\u003ca href=\"https://www.arktimes.com/ArkansasBlog/archives/2017/04/18/tom-cottons-obamacare-repeal-dance\">moving too fast; I didn’t think it got it right\u003c/a>.” He also has indicated he’s against it in its current form because, “I simply think that it’s not going to work to bring down premiums for working Arkansans or working Americans around the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other senators, like Sens. Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, Susan Collins of Maine, Bob Corker of Tennessee, Rob Portman of Ohio and Bill Cassidy of Louisiana, are in favor of repeal, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.corker.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2017/1/senators-introduce-amendment-to-improve-process-for-repealing-and-replacing-health-care-law-in-timely-fashion\">want something “stable” \u003c/a>to replace it. They have indicated that affordability, coverage and rural access (like what the bill means for rural hospitals) are key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell is going to allow amendments. That means the bill will change. And if even a comma is inserted, it has to pass the House — again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that is inevitably going to bring back this whole game of whack-a-mole in the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exhausted yet?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wait, there’s more. Because Democrats aren’t going to sign onto something that guts the coverage mandates of the Affordable Care Act, Republicans can’t get 60 votes to advance the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”VajiqRclxG7Eyq4VufiI3TOZ6hfrnGMq”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in order to pass it, they’re going to have to use the process known as \u003cstrong>reconciliation\u003c/strong>. That allows legislation to pass with just a majority (plus one). But there’s a catch — it has to be tied to the budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get ready to hear a whole lot more about the \u003cstrong>“Byrd Rule.”\u003c/strong> What’s that? The Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget \u003ca href=\"http://www.crfb.org/blogs/byrd-rule-and-its-effect-health-reform-short-guide\">explains it this way\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Although reconciliation bills are granted many privileges that are not available to most other legislation (see Reconciliation 101), they remain bound by several conditions. Some of these restrictions championed by former Senator Robert Byrd (D-WV) and established in Section 313 of the Budget Act are jointly referred to as the ‘Byrd Rule.’ The Byrd Rule disallows “extraneous matter” from being included in a reconciliation bill, extraneous matter being defined in three major categories of restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“First, reconciliation legislation must only involve budget-related changes and cannot include policies that have no fiscal impact, that have ‘merely incidental’ fiscal impacts, or that increase the deficit if the committee did not follow its reconciliation instructions (including proposals outside of a committee’s proper jurisdiction—more on this below). Second, reconciliation bills cannot change Social Security spending or dedicated revenue, which are considered ‘off-budget.’ And finally, provisions in a reconciliation bill cannot increase the deficit in any fiscal year after the window of the reconciliation bill (usually ten years in the future) unless the costs outside the budget window are offset by other savings in the bill.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The umpire of what qualifies under the Byrd Rule is the \u003cstrong>Senate parliamentarian\u003c/strong>. Her name is Elizabeth MacDonough. \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2015/01/senate-parliamentarian-elizabeth-macdonough-obamacare-114274\">Politico\u003c/a> wrote of her in 2015:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“[S]he may very well be the most powerful person in Washington in determining how far Republicans can go in trying to repeal Obamacare. As the Senate parliamentarian, MacDonough will make the decisions on which pieces of the law qualify to be repealed using a complicated budget procedure called reconciliation. Her decisions would allow Senate Republicans to vote to kill major provisions of the health care law under a simple 51-vote majority without giving Democrats a chance to filibuster.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>MacDonough was appointed in 2012, and even though she’s liked on Capitol Hill by both sides, past parliamentarians (\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2012/02/new-parliamentarian-knows-her-way-around-072526\">known colloquially on the Hill as “parls”\u003c/a>) have come under fire because the majority party didn’t like how they ruled. \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2015/01/senate-parliamentarian-elizabeth-macdonough-obamacare-114274\">More from Politico\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Republicans protested decisions by then-parliamentarian Alan Frumin in the 2010 health care reform fight, when Democrats used the budget fast-track tool to pass a small part of the Affordable Care Act. In 2001, Republicans fired Robert Dove as parliamentarian after he ruled against them on how many reconciliation bills could be used. That was actually his second stint in the job: Democrats had fired Dove when they took the majority in 1987.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Reconciliation — and what fits and doesn’t fit into it — isn’t the GOP’s only complication. Their biggest one is the policy itself. It has a lot of shortcomings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonpartisan \u003cstrong>Congressional Budget Office\u003c/strong> said of the last iteration of the House bill that it would save money but would leave some 24 million without insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the GOP bill would be less generous in terms of benefits and cover fewer. And the only reason it would save money is because the repeal bill would \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/03/trump-obamacare-promises-236021\">cut $880 billion from Medicaid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would break Trump’s promises of “insurance for everybody” and “no cuts to Social Security, Medicare & Medicaid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CBO won’t get out an analysis of the bill before Republicans are planning to vote. Politically, that gives them a chance to wipe their brows and not have to defend something that could be difficult to defend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s morally questionable, though, to vote on something without knowing its cost or consequences. And what happens when the CBO score does come out — and they’ve already voted for it without the opportunity to make changes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s the issue of the popular \u003cstrong>pre-existing conditions\u003c/strong> provision in Obamacare — that requires insurance companies to cover people with pre-existing conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump claimed as late as this week that this bill would guarantee people with pre-existing conditions would continue to be covered. But Republicans’ attempts at doing that are very different from how Obamacare achieves it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GOP plan would essentially allow states to take sicker people out of the broader pool of people buying coverage and put them into a “high-risk pool.” That, in theory, would bring down the cost of insurance for healthier people, but drive up the cost for the sick. Depending upon how much costs increase, that could shut some or many of the people who definitely need health care out of the insurance market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-risk pools \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/02/03/513311344/republicans-consider-restoring-high-risk-pools-in-obamacare-replacement\">haven’t shown great results\u003c/a> where they have been currently implemented. Part of the problem has been funding. That’s why Trump picked up two more votes with a proposal for $8 billion more for those pools, but experts say that’s not even likely enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”eunRwEXPkmqidH6LoEqaj64hk4ZeBZMv”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government already has very high-profile high-risk pools, Medicare and Medicaid. Medicare, health care for the elderly, is popular but expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big point of Obamacare was to not go down that potentially problematic funding lane. Healthier people might pay a little more, but if you got sick, it wouldn’t bankrupt you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why the rush to get this through if it has all these holes and it may not be what eventually becomes law anyway? Politics. The House finally has a chance to tell its base it did something, it passed \u003cem>something\u003c/em> to repeal and replace Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House goes on recess next week, and Republicans want to get this done and hand Trump a win before then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a huge relief for House Speaker Paul Ryan, who was feeling the heat of not being able to govern House Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a huge relief for Trump, who has been made to look ineffectual with no legislative wins to speak of in his first 100 days and little other major accomplishments in that time — despite Republicans being in charge of the White House, the House and Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But remember, the GOP plan that failed previously had just a \u003ca href=\"https://poll.qu.edu/national/release-detail?ReleaseID=2443\">17 percent approval rating\u003c/a>. And, policywise, it hasn’t changed all that much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Obama ran into a similar problem — health care is very difficult to message about but very easy to poke holes in. And Democrats lost control of the House in 2010 because of health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the Affordable Care Act, Obama’s signature legislative achievement, has had a resurgence in public opinion. Gallup found approval of the ACA at 55 percent this month, the first time it’s ever reached a majority in the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/858659215451271168\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump says the GOP bill can’t be compared to the ACA “because Obamacare is dead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First of all, that’s not true. The last CBO analysis of the ACA said it’s not in a death spiral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second, anything that comes after Obamacare has to be compared to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s that you say, health care \u003cem>and\u003c/em> legislating are complicated? Yes, they are, and there’s still a long way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=GOP+Expected+To+Pass+Its+Health+Care+Bill+At+Long+Last%2C+But+Still+A+Long+Way+To+Go&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 1:25 p.m., Thursday:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe House voted Thursday to narrowly approve a Republican-drafted measure that would eliminate many of the provisions of the Affordable Care Act — the first step toward keeping one of President Trump’s campaign pledges and a victory for GOP lawmakers who have long railed against Obamacare, as the ACA is commonly known. The vote was 217-213.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure moves to the Senate, where its fate is far from certain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After passing the measure, House Republicans jumped on buses for a quick trip to an unusual victory lap event in the White House Rose Garden — given that the measure has a long way before it actually becomes law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump promised that premiums and deductibles would be coming down under the GOP plan and said that he feels “confident” the measure will make it through the Senate. “It’s going to be an unbelievable victory when we get it through the Senate,” he added. Trump also praised House Speaker Paul Ryan as “a genius” for engineering Thursday’s legislative win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking after Trump in the Rose Garden, Ryan asserted the GOP bill was “the beginning of the end of Obamacare.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy told lawmakers “finally after years of waiting, we have the chance to do something good today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats accused Republicans of ramming the bill through without fully understanding its provisions or its implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11440299\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-800x800.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-960x960.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-240x240.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-375x375.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-520x520.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-50x50.png 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-64x64.png 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-96x96.png 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-128x128.png 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP-150x150.png 150w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/McCarthy_ModifiedGOP.png 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Republican representatives from California \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/04/how-your-california-rep-voted-on-gop-health-care-bill/\" target=\"_blank\">voted for the bill\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill included last-minute amendments designed to draw votes from the most conservative House Republicans in the House Freedom Caucus, as well as from their more moderate counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes were necessary after the original bill \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/24/521395060/ryan-trump-meet-as-more-republicans-defect-from-health-care-bill\">was pulled\u003c/a> from the floor in March when it became apparent it would not pass. And last week, GOP leaders considered bringing it back, but then \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/04/28/526050474/congress-passes-spending-bill-to-avoid-shutdown-again-punts-on-health-care\">decided not to risk another vote\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican members had their arms twisted by Trump in phone calls, and attended a last-minute pep rally Thursday morning, in which GOP House leaders reportedly told them it was \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/2017/05/04/gop-revives-struggling-health-care-bill-and-plans-house-vote.html\">“time to live or die by this day.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure, known as the American Health Care Act, was called “a monstrosity” by House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, who said centrist Republicans who voted for the bill will have “walked the plank from moderate to radical,” adding “you will glow in the dark,” after voting for the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11440300\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-800x800.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-960x960.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-240x240.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-375x375.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-520x520.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-50x50.png 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-64x64.png 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-96x96.png 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-128x128.png 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill-150x150.png 150w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Pelosi_ModifiedBill.png 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nRepublicans appear to have finally gotten their health care bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After seven years of repeal-and-replace rhetoric against the Affordable Care Act, two presidential campaigns waged for and against it and a recent high-profile failure, GOP House leaders say they have the votes for their bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trouble is this bill is likely never to become law — at least in its current iteration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s why: While the bill is expected to pass the House (narrowly) Thursday afternoon, it still has to go to the Senate. It’s being done with a wink and a promise that the Senate will overhaul substantial portions of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This thing is going to the United States Senate. It’s going to change in my view in the United States Senate in some way,” Rep. Tom Cole of Oklahoma, a deputy whip in the House, told \u003cem>NPR’s Morning Edition\u003c/em>. (He’s one of the people in charge of making sure Republicans have the votes.) “Then we have to have a conference to work out the differences. \u003cem>If\u003c/em> we can do that, then it has to still pass the House and the Senate again before it ever gets to the president. So at some point, you just have to move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/526833507/526833508\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, the Senate is controlled by Republicans, too, but they have an even slimmer majority there with equally fractious divisions. If they lose three votes, the bill goes down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Tom Cotton of Arkansas has been doing a delicate dance on Medicaid expansion. His state took federal money to expand Medicaid, but he’s called it a “welfare program” and said “\u003ca href=\"http://www.mediaite.com/online/gop-senator-republican-healthcare-plan-is-not-going-to-work-to-bring-down-premiums/\">able-bodied adults\u003c/a>” shouldn’t be on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After an angry town hall, he changed his tune, saying the House bill was “\u003ca href=\"https://www.arktimes.com/ArkansasBlog/archives/2017/04/18/tom-cottons-obamacare-repeal-dance\">moving too fast; I didn’t think it got it right\u003c/a>.” He also has indicated he’s against it in its current form because, “I simply think that it’s not going to work to bring down premiums for working Arkansans or working Americans around the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other senators, like Sens. Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, Susan Collins of Maine, Bob Corker of Tennessee, Rob Portman of Ohio and Bill Cassidy of Louisiana, are in favor of repeal, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.corker.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2017/1/senators-introduce-amendment-to-improve-process-for-repealing-and-replacing-health-care-law-in-timely-fashion\">want something “stable” \u003c/a>to replace it. They have indicated that affordability, coverage and rural access (like what the bill means for rural hospitals) are key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell is going to allow amendments. That means the bill will change. And if even a comma is inserted, it has to pass the House — again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that is inevitably going to bring back this whole game of whack-a-mole in the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exhausted yet?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wait, there’s more. Because Democrats aren’t going to sign onto something that guts the coverage mandates of the Affordable Care Act, Republicans can’t get 60 votes to advance the legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in order to pass it, they’re going to have to use the process known as \u003cstrong>reconciliation\u003c/strong>. That allows legislation to pass with just a majority (plus one). But there’s a catch — it has to be tied to the budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get ready to hear a whole lot more about the \u003cstrong>“Byrd Rule.”\u003c/strong> What’s that? The Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget \u003ca href=\"http://www.crfb.org/blogs/byrd-rule-and-its-effect-health-reform-short-guide\">explains it this way\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Although reconciliation bills are granted many privileges that are not available to most other legislation (see Reconciliation 101), they remain bound by several conditions. Some of these restrictions championed by former Senator Robert Byrd (D-WV) and established in Section 313 of the Budget Act are jointly referred to as the ‘Byrd Rule.’ The Byrd Rule disallows “extraneous matter” from being included in a reconciliation bill, extraneous matter being defined in three major categories of restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“First, reconciliation legislation must only involve budget-related changes and cannot include policies that have no fiscal impact, that have ‘merely incidental’ fiscal impacts, or that increase the deficit if the committee did not follow its reconciliation instructions (including proposals outside of a committee’s proper jurisdiction—more on this below). Second, reconciliation bills cannot change Social Security spending or dedicated revenue, which are considered ‘off-budget.’ And finally, provisions in a reconciliation bill cannot increase the deficit in any fiscal year after the window of the reconciliation bill (usually ten years in the future) unless the costs outside the budget window are offset by other savings in the bill.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The umpire of what qualifies under the Byrd Rule is the \u003cstrong>Senate parliamentarian\u003c/strong>. Her name is Elizabeth MacDonough. \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2015/01/senate-parliamentarian-elizabeth-macdonough-obamacare-114274\">Politico\u003c/a> wrote of her in 2015:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“[S]he may very well be the most powerful person in Washington in determining how far Republicans can go in trying to repeal Obamacare. As the Senate parliamentarian, MacDonough will make the decisions on which pieces of the law qualify to be repealed using a complicated budget procedure called reconciliation. Her decisions would allow Senate Republicans to vote to kill major provisions of the health care law under a simple 51-vote majority without giving Democrats a chance to filibuster.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>MacDonough was appointed in 2012, and even though she’s liked on Capitol Hill by both sides, past parliamentarians (\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2012/02/new-parliamentarian-knows-her-way-around-072526\">known colloquially on the Hill as “parls”\u003c/a>) have come under fire because the majority party didn’t like how they ruled. \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2015/01/senate-parliamentarian-elizabeth-macdonough-obamacare-114274\">More from Politico\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Republicans protested decisions by then-parliamentarian Alan Frumin in the 2010 health care reform fight, when Democrats used the budget fast-track tool to pass a small part of the Affordable Care Act. In 2001, Republicans fired Robert Dove as parliamentarian after he ruled against them on how many reconciliation bills could be used. That was actually his second stint in the job: Democrats had fired Dove when they took the majority in 1987.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Reconciliation — and what fits and doesn’t fit into it — isn’t the GOP’s only complication. Their biggest one is the policy itself. It has a lot of shortcomings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonpartisan \u003cstrong>Congressional Budget Office\u003c/strong> said of the last iteration of the House bill that it would save money but would leave some 24 million without insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the GOP bill would be less generous in terms of benefits and cover fewer. And the only reason it would save money is because the repeal bill would \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/03/trump-obamacare-promises-236021\">cut $880 billion from Medicaid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would break Trump’s promises of “insurance for everybody” and “no cuts to Social Security, Medicare & Medicaid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CBO won’t get out an analysis of the bill before Republicans are planning to vote. Politically, that gives them a chance to wipe their brows and not have to defend something that could be difficult to defend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s morally questionable, though, to vote on something without knowing its cost or consequences. And what happens when the CBO score does come out — and they’ve already voted for it without the opportunity to make changes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s the issue of the popular \u003cstrong>pre-existing conditions\u003c/strong> provision in Obamacare — that requires insurance companies to cover people with pre-existing conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump claimed as late as this week that this bill would guarantee people with pre-existing conditions would continue to be covered. But Republicans’ attempts at doing that are very different from how Obamacare achieves it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GOP plan would essentially allow states to take sicker people out of the broader pool of people buying coverage and put them into a “high-risk pool.” That, in theory, would bring down the cost of insurance for healthier people, but drive up the cost for the sick. Depending upon how much costs increase, that could shut some or many of the people who definitely need health care out of the insurance market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-risk pools \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/02/03/513311344/republicans-consider-restoring-high-risk-pools-in-obamacare-replacement\">haven’t shown great results\u003c/a> where they have been currently implemented. Part of the problem has been funding. That’s why Trump picked up two more votes with a proposal for $8 billion more for those pools, but experts say that’s not even likely enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government already has very high-profile high-risk pools, Medicare and Medicaid. Medicare, health care for the elderly, is popular but expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big point of Obamacare was to not go down that potentially problematic funding lane. Healthier people might pay a little more, but if you got sick, it wouldn’t bankrupt you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why the rush to get this through if it has all these holes and it may not be what eventually becomes law anyway? Politics. The House finally has a chance to tell its base it did something, it passed \u003cem>something\u003c/em> to repeal and replace Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House goes on recess next week, and Republicans want to get this done and hand Trump a win before then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a huge relief for House Speaker Paul Ryan, who was feeling the heat of not being able to govern House Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a huge relief for Trump, who has been made to look ineffectual with no legislative wins to speak of in his first 100 days and little other major accomplishments in that time — despite Republicans being in charge of the White House, the House and Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But remember, the GOP plan that failed previously had just a \u003ca href=\"https://poll.qu.edu/national/release-detail?ReleaseID=2443\">17 percent approval rating\u003c/a>. And, policywise, it hasn’t changed all that much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Obama ran into a similar problem — health care is very difficult to message about but very easy to poke holes in. And Democrats lost control of the House in 2010 because of health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the Affordable Care Act, Obama’s signature legislative achievement, has had a resurgence in public opinion. Gallup found approval of the ACA at 55 percent this month, the first time it’s ever reached a majority in the poll.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>President Trump says the GOP bill can’t be compared to the ACA “because Obamacare is dead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First of all, that’s not true. The last CBO analysis of the ACA said it’s not in a death spiral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second, anything that comes after Obamacare has to be compared to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s that you say, health care \u003cem>and\u003c/em> legislating are complicated? Yes, they are, and there’s still a long way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=GOP+Expected+To+Pass+Its+Health+Care+Bill+At+Long+Last%2C+But+Still+A+Long+Way+To+Go&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "As Los Angeles Burned, the Border Patrol Swooped In",
"title": "As Los Angeles Burned, the Border Patrol Swooped In",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Looking back at the 1992 Los Angeles riots, people often remember tensions between African-Americans, white law enforcement officers and Korean small-business owners. That story gets even more complicated when you step into Pico-Union — a neighborhood that was, and still is, predominantly Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the wake of the Rodney King verdict, riots broke out around the city. The first day, they erupted in South Central; by the second, they had spread north to Pico-Union. And while people all over the city had to deal with looting, fires and general chaos, many residents of Pico Union had to deal with an additional fear — the threat of deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Lfts020aCRBQQPItCHFHG6sHK0BAyGmz\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Hernandez was the neighborhood's city councilman in 1992. He said that in the 25 years since the riots, Pico-Union hasn't changed that much. The area is still more than 80 percent Latino, with lots of immigrant families from Mexico and Central America. And, in 1992, a majority of Pico-Union constituents were living below the poverty line in crowded conditions. Hernandez said he knew long before the riots started that Pico-Union was just as combustible as South Central L.A.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had twice the density here of Manhattan,\" Hernandez said. \"And our fire station here, Fire Station 11, was the busiest fire station in the nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the midst of the burning and looting, Hernandez said the few law enforcement officers who made it to Pico-Union were not protecting and serving. He partially blamed it on the fact that in the early 1990s, \"Latino\" was often synonymous with \"illegal\" in California. In a 1992 interview, he told NPR that his request for reinforcement during the unrest didn't get him the results he wanted. \"The response to me when I said I needed the National Guard to protect the people of the area and I needed to protect the businesses and protect the homes, they gave me the Border Patrol. It was totally an insult,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11430116\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11430116\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/pico-union-img_2240_custom-bd719b7fd8a74479207699263dadd75c74b67218-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Former City Councilman Mike Hernandez visits the Pico-Union neighborhood of Los Angeles 25 years after the riots.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former City Councilman Mike Hernandez visits the Pico-Union neighborhood of Los Angeles 25 years after the riots. \u003ccite>(Shereen Marisol Meraji/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hernandez doesn't deny that people in Pico-Union were among the looters, but he said he saw people taking basics, like food and diapers. The vast majority of his constituents were scared out of their minds and hiding in their homes. The rioting and chaos, he said, triggered past trauma for many of the Central American immigrants who had fled civil war. And the presence of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, which included the Border Patrol back then, seemed to be fueling that fear — with good reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"WOK5TDFsZXVkbT3fxGLptGo4tOk1Qi3o\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Documents gathered during the Webster Commission, the FBI's months-long investigation into the Los Angeles Police Department's response to the riots, included \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1992-05-20/local/me-325_1_police-commission\">declarations\u003c/a> from Pico-Union residents. Many of them were arrested by the LAPD for illegally residing in the U.S. and turned over to the INS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the L.A. riots, Madeline Janis ran a Pico-Union based non-profit called \u003ca href=\"http://www.carecen-la.org/press\">CARECEN\u003c/a> (Central American Resource Center), which is still in the neighborhood and provides multiple services to immigrants. In the aftermath of the unrest, Janis, an attorney, helped a couple of dozen people facing deportation — people like Martha Campos, a Salvadoran woman arrested by the LAPD at 3 in the afternoon on April 30, 1992, while drinking a fruit juice in front of a convenience store. At the time, Campos was 18 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"An officer demanded to know my name, if I had any immigration papers and what country I was from,\" Campos said in her declaration, taken after two weeks in immigration detention at Terminal Island in San Pedro. She added that the LAPD questioned her about her immigration status. \"I responded that I had no papers and I told him what country I was from...I was then taken to a police station with many other people. Immigration arrived in several vans and took me and many other people away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos said that in detention she slept on narrow concrete benches, was fed dry meat and old bread, and not allowed to bathe. She was seven months pregnant. Campos said that she was afraid that the treatment she endured while in INS custody could cause serious harm to her or her baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"BNY2Cxfg8jEPv685CcquZWSfVrB1kPU8\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madeline Janis said she's almost positive she was able to get Campos a hearing in immigration court, even though the 18-year old signed a voluntary departure document the day of her arrest. (NPR tried to find Campos and other detainees who gave declarations, but was unable to locate anyone 25 years after the incident.) Janis said the entire ordeal was so upsetting that it was hard for her to recall the events after our initial interview request. \"This was so awful, I think I blocked it out of my memory. I think it's because people suffered so much that I really ... just blocked it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11430127\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11430127\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-800x521.jpg\" alt=\"The Pathfinder bookstore on Pico Blvd. burns in the Pico-Union area of Los Angeles during the riots in 1992.\" width=\"800\" height=\"521\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-160x104.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-240x156.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-375x244.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-520x339.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Pathfinder bookstore on Pico Boulevard burns in the Pico-Union area of Los Angeles during the riots in 1992. \u003ccite>(Ted Soqui/Corbis via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What happened to Martha Campos shouldn't have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a rule called Special Order 40, which has been around since the late '70s, the Los Angeles Police Department wasn't, and still isn't, allowed to \"initiate police action with the objective of discovering the alien status of a person.\" They can involve immigration enforcement only when an unauthorized person has been arrested for serious misdemeanors or a felony. Among the Webster Commission documents archived in 40 cardboard boxes at the USC library, there were Immigration and Naturalization Service documents that show 86 percent of more than 1,200 undocumented \"riot aliens\" they received from the L.A. County Jail, the LAPD and other law enforcement were deported. Those documents cover only May 1 to May 4, 1992 (the unrest began on April 29th); and they do not specify what crimes those detained and deported were charged with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Moschorak was the district director of the INS in Los Angeles during the unrest. He remembers the riots differently than people like Hernandez and Janis. Moschorak, who has been retired for 23 years, said the riots were an all-hands-on-deck situation, and he sent in agents to help as requested, sometimes to just interpret for LAPD officers. As for Special Order 40, he told me he wasn't aware of it then, and doesn't agree with the policy now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that's ridiculous,\" Moschorak said. \"You know, many people don't realize that illegal entry into the United States is a misdemeanor in and of itself, a violation of 8USC1325 and re-entry is a felony. How long are we going to accept that in our society?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11430117\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11430117\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-643900306_custom-1426e7db8bf989029bc727dfeb6621bedab99b9e-800x559.jpg\" alt=\"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti speaks during a town hall on the Affordable Care Act in Los Angeles on Feb. 22. Garcetti said he's trying to quell fears stoked in the city's immigrant communities by President Trump's calls for more cooperation between local law enforcement and federal immigration authorities.\" width=\"800\" height=\"559\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti speaks during a town hall on the Affordable Care Act in Los Angeles on Feb. 22. Garcetti said he's trying to quell fears stoked in the city's immigrant communities by President Trump's calls for more cooperation between local law enforcement and federal immigration authorities. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not everyone shares Moschorak's contempt for the order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlie Beck, the current LAPD chief, said he has accepted that there are a couple of hundred thousand immigrants living in Los Angeles who don't have legal status. \"And I got to be their police chief, too,\" Beck said. \"I'm not just a police chief to property owners. I'm not just a police chief to business owners. We're in charge of everybody's safety.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Beck has been at the LAPD as long as Special Order 40 has been around, and said he can't recall a time it wasn't followed, even after learning about the Webster Commission documents that show otherwise. Regardless, Beck said it has long been crucial that the LAPD isn't thought of as immigration enforcement, because it erodes trust and immigrants stop reporting crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just last month, L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti expanded Special Order 40 to include firefighters, port and airport police. At the event where Garcetti signed the executive directive, Beck told the audience that crime reporting has dropped significantly in Latino communities this year over fear that interacting with local law enforcement may lead to deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/525188083/525188084\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant rights activists in 1992, and a new generation of activists today, don't think the order goes far enough to protect L.A.'s immigrants — no matter how it's implemented. Many in California's immigrant rights movement are calling for zero cooperation between local law enforcement and federal immigration enforcement. (And a bill under consideration in the state Legislature may decide that issue statewide.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcetti said he's trying to quell fears stoked in L.A.'s immigrant communities by President Trump's calls for more cooperation between local law enforcement and federal immigration authorities. \"So to make our city safer, we're focused on keeping those bridges from being burned down right now,\" Garcetti said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But 25 years ago, when Los Angeles was burning, Special Order 40 appears to have been an afterthought amid the chaos. Garcetti said that this new generation of police officers understand the need for Special Order 40 from both moral and practical terms. Garcetti said that it's one thing to have a policy on the books, \"but it's another thing to make sure that it's enforced, and enforced by \u003cem>everybody\u003c/em>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor added that we continue to learn lessons from the L.A. riots 25 years later. \"We're not perfect, but in this imperfect paradise that we call Los Angeles, I think we're better and more resilient because of what we went through in 1992.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Parker Yesko of the National Desk and Leah Donnella of Code Switch contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=As+Los+Angeles+Burned%2C+The+Border+Patrol+Swooped+In&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Remembering the L.A. riots, people think of tensions between African-Americans, white cops and Korean business owners. It gets more complicated when you step into a Latino neighborhood.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Looking back at the 1992 Los Angeles riots, people often remember tensions between African-Americans, white law enforcement officers and Korean small-business owners. That story gets even more complicated when you step into Pico-Union — a neighborhood that was, and still is, predominantly Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the wake of the Rodney King verdict, riots broke out around the city. The first day, they erupted in South Central; by the second, they had spread north to Pico-Union. And while people all over the city had to deal with looting, fires and general chaos, many residents of Pico Union had to deal with an additional fear — the threat of deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Hernandez was the neighborhood's city councilman in 1992. He said that in the 25 years since the riots, Pico-Union hasn't changed that much. The area is still more than 80 percent Latino, with lots of immigrant families from Mexico and Central America. And, in 1992, a majority of Pico-Union constituents were living below the poverty line in crowded conditions. Hernandez said he knew long before the riots started that Pico-Union was just as combustible as South Central L.A.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had twice the density here of Manhattan,\" Hernandez said. \"And our fire station here, Fire Station 11, was the busiest fire station in the nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the midst of the burning and looting, Hernandez said the few law enforcement officers who made it to Pico-Union were not protecting and serving. He partially blamed it on the fact that in the early 1990s, \"Latino\" was often synonymous with \"illegal\" in California. In a 1992 interview, he told NPR that his request for reinforcement during the unrest didn't get him the results he wanted. \"The response to me when I said I needed the National Guard to protect the people of the area and I needed to protect the businesses and protect the homes, they gave me the Border Patrol. It was totally an insult,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11430116\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11430116\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/pico-union-img_2240_custom-bd719b7fd8a74479207699263dadd75c74b67218-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Former City Councilman Mike Hernandez visits the Pico-Union neighborhood of Los Angeles 25 years after the riots.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former City Councilman Mike Hernandez visits the Pico-Union neighborhood of Los Angeles 25 years after the riots. \u003ccite>(Shereen Marisol Meraji/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hernandez doesn't deny that people in Pico-Union were among the looters, but he said he saw people taking basics, like food and diapers. The vast majority of his constituents were scared out of their minds and hiding in their homes. The rioting and chaos, he said, triggered past trauma for many of the Central American immigrants who had fled civil war. And the presence of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, which included the Border Patrol back then, seemed to be fueling that fear — with good reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Documents gathered during the Webster Commission, the FBI's months-long investigation into the Los Angeles Police Department's response to the riots, included \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1992-05-20/local/me-325_1_police-commission\">declarations\u003c/a> from Pico-Union residents. Many of them were arrested by the LAPD for illegally residing in the U.S. and turned over to the INS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the L.A. riots, Madeline Janis ran a Pico-Union based non-profit called \u003ca href=\"http://www.carecen-la.org/press\">CARECEN\u003c/a> (Central American Resource Center), which is still in the neighborhood and provides multiple services to immigrants. In the aftermath of the unrest, Janis, an attorney, helped a couple of dozen people facing deportation — people like Martha Campos, a Salvadoran woman arrested by the LAPD at 3 in the afternoon on April 30, 1992, while drinking a fruit juice in front of a convenience store. At the time, Campos was 18 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"An officer demanded to know my name, if I had any immigration papers and what country I was from,\" Campos said in her declaration, taken after two weeks in immigration detention at Terminal Island in San Pedro. She added that the LAPD questioned her about her immigration status. \"I responded that I had no papers and I told him what country I was from...I was then taken to a police station with many other people. Immigration arrived in several vans and took me and many other people away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos said that in detention she slept on narrow concrete benches, was fed dry meat and old bread, and not allowed to bathe. She was seven months pregnant. Campos said that she was afraid that the treatment she endured while in INS custody could cause serious harm to her or her baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madeline Janis said she's almost positive she was able to get Campos a hearing in immigration court, even though the 18-year old signed a voluntary departure document the day of her arrest. (NPR tried to find Campos and other detainees who gave declarations, but was unable to locate anyone 25 years after the incident.) Janis said the entire ordeal was so upsetting that it was hard for her to recall the events after our initial interview request. \"This was so awful, I think I blocked it out of my memory. I think it's because people suffered so much that I really ... just blocked it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11430127\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11430127\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-800x521.jpg\" alt=\"The Pathfinder bookstore on Pico Blvd. burns in the Pico-Union area of Los Angeles during the riots in 1992.\" width=\"800\" height=\"521\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-160x104.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-240x156.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-375x244.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-539923592-edit_custom-c2c02f9731fbecf0095d6fbc402bf336261ed529-s800-c85-520x339.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Pathfinder bookstore on Pico Boulevard burns in the Pico-Union area of Los Angeles during the riots in 1992. \u003ccite>(Ted Soqui/Corbis via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What happened to Martha Campos shouldn't have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a rule called Special Order 40, which has been around since the late '70s, the Los Angeles Police Department wasn't, and still isn't, allowed to \"initiate police action with the objective of discovering the alien status of a person.\" They can involve immigration enforcement only when an unauthorized person has been arrested for serious misdemeanors or a felony. Among the Webster Commission documents archived in 40 cardboard boxes at the USC library, there were Immigration and Naturalization Service documents that show 86 percent of more than 1,200 undocumented \"riot aliens\" they received from the L.A. County Jail, the LAPD and other law enforcement were deported. Those documents cover only May 1 to May 4, 1992 (the unrest began on April 29th); and they do not specify what crimes those detained and deported were charged with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Moschorak was the district director of the INS in Los Angeles during the unrest. He remembers the riots differently than people like Hernandez and Janis. Moschorak, who has been retired for 23 years, said the riots were an all-hands-on-deck situation, and he sent in agents to help as requested, sometimes to just interpret for LAPD officers. As for Special Order 40, he told me he wasn't aware of it then, and doesn't agree with the policy now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that's ridiculous,\" Moschorak said. \"You know, many people don't realize that illegal entry into the United States is a misdemeanor in and of itself, a violation of 8USC1325 and re-entry is a felony. How long are we going to accept that in our society?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11430117\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11430117\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/gettyimages-643900306_custom-1426e7db8bf989029bc727dfeb6621bedab99b9e-800x559.jpg\" alt=\"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti speaks during a town hall on the Affordable Care Act in Los Angeles on Feb. 22. Garcetti said he's trying to quell fears stoked in the city's immigrant communities by President Trump's calls for more cooperation between local law enforcement and federal immigration authorities.\" width=\"800\" height=\"559\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti speaks during a town hall on the Affordable Care Act in Los Angeles on Feb. 22. Garcetti said he's trying to quell fears stoked in the city's immigrant communities by President Trump's calls for more cooperation between local law enforcement and federal immigration authorities. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not everyone shares Moschorak's contempt for the order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlie Beck, the current LAPD chief, said he has accepted that there are a couple of hundred thousand immigrants living in Los Angeles who don't have legal status. \"And I got to be their police chief, too,\" Beck said. \"I'm not just a police chief to property owners. I'm not just a police chief to business owners. We're in charge of everybody's safety.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Beck has been at the LAPD as long as Special Order 40 has been around, and said he can't recall a time it wasn't followed, even after learning about the Webster Commission documents that show otherwise. Regardless, Beck said it has long been crucial that the LAPD isn't thought of as immigration enforcement, because it erodes trust and immigrants stop reporting crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just last month, L.A. Mayor Eric Garcetti expanded Special Order 40 to include firefighters, port and airport police. At the event where Garcetti signed the executive directive, Beck told the audience that crime reporting has dropped significantly in Latino communities this year over fear that interacting with local law enforcement may lead to deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/525188083/525188084\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant rights activists in 1992, and a new generation of activists today, don't think the order goes far enough to protect L.A.'s immigrants — no matter how it's implemented. Many in California's immigrant rights movement are calling for zero cooperation between local law enforcement and federal immigration enforcement. (And a bill under consideration in the state Legislature may decide that issue statewide.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcetti said he's trying to quell fears stoked in L.A.'s immigrant communities by President Trump's calls for more cooperation between local law enforcement and federal immigration authorities. \"So to make our city safer, we're focused on keeping those bridges from being burned down right now,\" Garcetti said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But 25 years ago, when Los Angeles was burning, Special Order 40 appears to have been an afterthought amid the chaos. Garcetti said that this new generation of police officers understand the need for Special Order 40 from both moral and practical terms. Garcetti said that it's one thing to have a policy on the books, \"but it's another thing to make sure that it's enforced, and enforced by \u003cem>everybody\u003c/em>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor added that we continue to learn lessons from the L.A. riots 25 years later. \"We're not perfect, but in this imperfect paradise that we call Los Angeles, I think we're better and more resilient because of what we went through in 1992.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Parker Yesko of the National Desk and Leah Donnella of Code Switch contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=As+Los+Angeles+Burned%2C+The+Border+Patrol+Swooped+In&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Nearly 100 days into his administration, President Trump has drastically reduced the flow of immigration, both legal and illegal, to the U.S. He's been able to accomplish that without any new legislation — and without many of his signature ideas solidly in place, including executive orders that have been put on hold by the courts and a proposed wall on the Mexican border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a matter of months, the Trump administration has made it harder to get into the U.S for all kinds of people. From refugees and visa holders, to asylum seekers and illegal border-crossers arriving at the southern border, the numbers have plummeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this may be just the beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A leaked draft of a progress report shows that the Department of Homeland Security has begun laying the groundwork to do more. The agency has identified more detention beds for immigrants in the country illegally, set aside money to start designing the border wall and sped up the hiring of thousands of federal immigration agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"bKKksVIBhsq4UYtlHwnp5wrxGJnRGpYc\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's an effort now to deter, to terrify,\" says Donald Kerwin, executive director of the Center for Migration Studies, a think tank in New York devoted to protecting the rights of migrants. Kerwin says even Trump's own rhetoric is aimed at deterring immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What they're trying to do are very splashy, draconian enforcement efforts that are really meant to tell people: nobody is safe, and nobody should come that's not documented,\" Kerwin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[RefugeeAdmissions]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That message may be getting through. Apprehensions at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration\" target=\"_blank\">southern border fell dramatically\u003c/a> from more than 40,000 per month late last year to 18,754 in February, and just 12,193 in March. The administration is going out of its way to highlight those numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last month was the lowest month for immigration illegally into our country in 17 years,\" said Attorney General Jeff Sessions at a news conference in El Paso, Texas, last week. \"That is a remarkable thing to accomplish.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Away from the border, arrests by immigration agents were up by about a third during the first three months of the year, to 21,362, compared with 16,104 during the same period in 2016, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/documents/2017/apr/detainers_arrests.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">data provided by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement\u003c/a>. The data also show that federal agents are arresting more unauthorized immigrants who don't have criminal records: 5,441 during the first few months of the year, compared with 2,278 last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A senior official with Immigration and Customs Enforcement tells NPR that the agency has been able to \"open the aperture\" on the types of immigrants it can target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/525584236/525833294\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reactions across the country reflect a divided America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're seeing mothers and fathers torn away from their families, many with no criminal histories at all, or with just minor past convictions,\" says Tom Jawetz, a vice president at the Center for American Progress, a left-leaning think tank in Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robin Hvidston sees it differently. She's the director of We the People Rising, an organization in California that advocates tougher enforcement. \"I have not heard a presidential candidate in my lifetime address this topic,\" Hvidston says. \"And I think he does want to take action against more criminal activity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"d9XrXgxS2wMNQ7pXOsa9tcPJvsDGPbfT\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courts have twice blocked Trump's effort to suspend the U.S. refugee program. In the meantime, the administration has simply stopped accepting as many refugees. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrapsnet.org/admissions-and-arrivals/\" target=\"_blank\">numbers have dropped significantly\u003c/a>: from nearly 10,000 a month last fall to just 2,070 in March, according to the State Department's Bureau of Population, Refugees and Migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We still have families who are separated, who we want to see rejoined,\" said Rebecca Liberato, a case manager in the Jersey City, N.J., office of Church World Service, a refugee resettlement agency. \"They're scared for their loved ones across seas as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just this week, a federal judge in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/25/federal-judge-blocks-trump-order-on-sanctuary-city-funding/\" target=\"_blank\">blocked another Trump executive order\u003c/a>, this one punishing so-called sanctuary cities that limit cooperation with federal authorities. But that's not stopping the administration's agenda. In fact, it's signing up other cities to help enforce immigration law. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=In+Trump%27s+First+100+Days%2C+A+Dramatic+Reduction+In+Immigration&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Nearly 100 days into his administration, President Trump has drastically reduced the flow of immigration, both legal and illegal, to the U.S. He's been able to accomplish that without any new legislation — and without many of his signature ideas solidly in place, including executive orders that have been put on hold by the courts and a proposed wall on the Mexican border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a matter of months, the Trump administration has made it harder to get into the U.S for all kinds of people. From refugees and visa holders, to asylum seekers and illegal border-crossers arriving at the southern border, the numbers have plummeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this may be just the beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A leaked draft of a progress report shows that the Department of Homeland Security has begun laying the groundwork to do more. The agency has identified more detention beds for immigrants in the country illegally, set aside money to start designing the border wall and sped up the hiring of thousands of federal immigration agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's an effort now to deter, to terrify,\" says Donald Kerwin, executive director of the Center for Migration Studies, a think tank in New York devoted to protecting the rights of migrants. Kerwin says even Trump's own rhetoric is aimed at deterring immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What they're trying to do are very splashy, draconian enforcement efforts that are really meant to tell people: nobody is safe, and nobody should come that's not documented,\" Kerwin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[RefugeeAdmissions]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That message may be getting through. Apprehensions at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration\" target=\"_blank\">southern border fell dramatically\u003c/a> from more than 40,000 per month late last year to 18,754 in February, and just 12,193 in March. The administration is going out of its way to highlight those numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last month was the lowest month for immigration illegally into our country in 17 years,\" said Attorney General Jeff Sessions at a news conference in El Paso, Texas, last week. \"That is a remarkable thing to accomplish.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Away from the border, arrests by immigration agents were up by about a third during the first three months of the year, to 21,362, compared with 16,104 during the same period in 2016, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/documents/2017/apr/detainers_arrests.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">data provided by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement\u003c/a>. The data also show that federal agents are arresting more unauthorized immigrants who don't have criminal records: 5,441 during the first few months of the year, compared with 2,278 last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A senior official with Immigration and Customs Enforcement tells NPR that the agency has been able to \"open the aperture\" on the types of immigrants it can target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/525584236/525833294\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reactions across the country reflect a divided America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're seeing mothers and fathers torn away from their families, many with no criminal histories at all, or with just minor past convictions,\" says Tom Jawetz, a vice president at the Center for American Progress, a left-leaning think tank in Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robin Hvidston sees it differently. She's the director of We the People Rising, an organization in California that advocates tougher enforcement. \"I have not heard a presidential candidate in my lifetime address this topic,\" Hvidston says. \"And I think he does want to take action against more criminal activity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courts have twice blocked Trump's effort to suspend the U.S. refugee program. In the meantime, the administration has simply stopped accepting as many refugees. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrapsnet.org/admissions-and-arrivals/\" target=\"_blank\">numbers have dropped significantly\u003c/a>: from nearly 10,000 a month last fall to just 2,070 in March, according to the State Department's Bureau of Population, Refugees and Migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We still have families who are separated, who we want to see rejoined,\" said Rebecca Liberato, a case manager in the Jersey City, N.J., office of Church World Service, a refugee resettlement agency. \"They're scared for their loved ones across seas as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just this week, a federal judge in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/25/federal-judge-blocks-trump-order-on-sanctuary-city-funding/\" target=\"_blank\">blocked another Trump executive order\u003c/a>, this one punishing so-called sanctuary cities that limit cooperation with federal authorities. But that's not stopping the administration's agenda. In fact, it's signing up other cities to help enforce immigration law. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=In+Trump%27s+First+100+Days%2C+A+Dramatic+Reduction+In+Immigration&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "New Evidence Puts Ancient Humans in California Far Earlier Than Thought",
"title": "New Evidence Puts Ancient Humans in California Far Earlier Than Thought",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Researchers in Southern California say they've uncovered evidence that humans lived there 130,000 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it's true, it would be the oldest sign of humans in the Americas ever — predating the best evidence up to now by about 115,000 years. And the claim has scientists wondering whether to believe it or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1992, archaeologists working a highway construction site in San Diego County found the partial skeleton of a mastodon, an elephant-like animal now extinct. Mastodon skeletons aren't so unusual, but there was other strange stuff with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The remains were in association with a number of sharply broken rocks and broken bones,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.sdnhm.org/consulting-services/paleo-services/about-us/staff/\">Tom Deméré\u003c/a>, a paleontologist at the San Diego Natural History Museum. He says the rocks showed clear marks of having been used as hammers and an anvil. And some of the mastodon bones as well as a tooth showed fractures characteristic of being whacked, apparently with those stones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It looked like the work of humans. Yet there were no cut marks on the bones showing that the animal was butchered for meat. Deméré thinks these people were after something else. \"The suggestion is that this site is strictly for breaking bone,\" Deméré says, \"to produce blank material, raw material to make bone tools or to extract marrow.\" Marrow is a rich source of fatty calories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11427986\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/excavation-site-1_enl-fa3d58b167fbe1047c597ffcc3239d174efa35bc-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Don Swanson, a paleontologist with the San Diego Natural History Museum, points at a rock fragment near a large horizontal mastodon tusk fragment.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11427986\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don Swanson, a paleontologist with the San Diego Natural History Museum, points at a rock fragment near a large horizontal mastodon tusk fragment. \u003ccite>(San Diego Natural History Museum/Nature)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The scientists knew they'd uncovered something rare. But they didn't realize just how rare for years, until they got a reliable date on how old the bones were by using a uranium-thorium dating technology that didn't exist in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bones were 130,000 years old. That's a jaw-dropping date, as other evidence shows that the earliest humans got to the Americas about 15,000 to 20,000 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is an order of magnitude difference. Wow,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.stonybrook.edu/experts/profile.php?name=john-shea\">John Shea\u003c/a>, an archaeologist at New York's Stony Brook University who specializes in studying ancient tool-making. \"If it's correct, then there's an extraordinarily ancient dispersal to the New World that has a very different archaeological signature from anything left behind by recent humans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shea says it's different because Stone Age toolmakers usually leave behind stone flakes — sharp pieces broken or \"knapped\" from certain kinds of rock that serve as cutting implements. There were none at the California site. Another odd thing: no signs that the mastodon was butchered for the meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is weird,\" Shea says. \"It's an outlier in terms of what archaeological sites from that time range look like everywhere else on the planet.\" He suggests these bones might have been broken up by natural causes — by a mudflow, perhaps, or by the trampling of animals sometime after the mastodon died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another skeptic is \u003ca href=\"http://www.southampton.ac.uk/archaeology/about/staff/scarab.page\">John McNabb\u003c/a>, an archeologist at the University of Southampton in England. His question: How did those people get to California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty thousand years ago, archaeologists agree, people \u003cem>did\u003c/em> cross over to Alaska from Siberia, perhaps more than once. Sea levels were lower then and there was a land bridge connecting the continents. In an interview with the journal Nature, which \u003ca href=\"http://nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/nature22065\">published the California research\u003c/a>, McNabb says that land bridge wasn't there 130,000 years ago. \"The sea lane in between the two continents [was] wider [then],\" he says, \"so that's one problem with this, how do we get humans across?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyfSsgCrjb0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McNabb says what's needed to really prove that this is truly an archaeological site are bones from the people who got there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California team counters that they've spent over 20 years examining the evidence. Team member and archaeologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.capr.tdcart.com/\">Steve Holen\u003c/a> is with the Center for American Paleolithic Research. \"I know people will be skeptical with this because it is so surprising,\" he says, \"and I was skeptical when I first looked at the material myself. But it's definitely an archaeological site.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holen says these early people could have come across in boats. As for the broken bones, he says the type of fracture isn't accidental. And the way the hammerstones and bones were distributed in the ground doesn't look natural.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One question the team can't answer is who these people were. A genetic technique that uses mutations in a population's genome as a sort of \"clock\" says the first common ancestor of Native Americans lived about 20,000 years ago. So if there were indeed earlier settlers, it could be they made an arduous migration from Siberia, only to die out without leaving any descendants. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+Evidence+Suggests+Humans+Arrived+In+The+Americas+Far+Earlier+Than+Thought&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Researchers in Southern California say they've uncovered evidence that humans lived there 130,000 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it's true, it would be the oldest sign of humans in the Americas ever — predating the best evidence up to now by about 115,000 years. And the claim has scientists wondering whether to believe it or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1992, archaeologists working a highway construction site in San Diego County found the partial skeleton of a mastodon, an elephant-like animal now extinct. Mastodon skeletons aren't so unusual, but there was other strange stuff with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The remains were in association with a number of sharply broken rocks and broken bones,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.sdnhm.org/consulting-services/paleo-services/about-us/staff/\">Tom Deméré\u003c/a>, a paleontologist at the San Diego Natural History Museum. He says the rocks showed clear marks of having been used as hammers and an anvil. And some of the mastodon bones as well as a tooth showed fractures characteristic of being whacked, apparently with those stones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It looked like the work of humans. Yet there were no cut marks on the bones showing that the animal was butchered for meat. Deméré thinks these people were after something else. \"The suggestion is that this site is strictly for breaking bone,\" Deméré says, \"to produce blank material, raw material to make bone tools or to extract marrow.\" Marrow is a rich source of fatty calories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11427986\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/excavation-site-1_enl-fa3d58b167fbe1047c597ffcc3239d174efa35bc-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Don Swanson, a paleontologist with the San Diego Natural History Museum, points at a rock fragment near a large horizontal mastodon tusk fragment.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11427986\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don Swanson, a paleontologist with the San Diego Natural History Museum, points at a rock fragment near a large horizontal mastodon tusk fragment. \u003ccite>(San Diego Natural History Museum/Nature)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The scientists knew they'd uncovered something rare. But they didn't realize just how rare for years, until they got a reliable date on how old the bones were by using a uranium-thorium dating technology that didn't exist in the 1990s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bones were 130,000 years old. That's a jaw-dropping date, as other evidence shows that the earliest humans got to the Americas about 15,000 to 20,000 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is an order of magnitude difference. Wow,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.stonybrook.edu/experts/profile.php?name=john-shea\">John Shea\u003c/a>, an archaeologist at New York's Stony Brook University who specializes in studying ancient tool-making. \"If it's correct, then there's an extraordinarily ancient dispersal to the New World that has a very different archaeological signature from anything left behind by recent humans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shea says it's different because Stone Age toolmakers usually leave behind stone flakes — sharp pieces broken or \"knapped\" from certain kinds of rock that serve as cutting implements. There were none at the California site. Another odd thing: no signs that the mastodon was butchered for the meat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is weird,\" Shea says. \"It's an outlier in terms of what archaeological sites from that time range look like everywhere else on the planet.\" He suggests these bones might have been broken up by natural causes — by a mudflow, perhaps, or by the trampling of animals sometime after the mastodon died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another skeptic is \u003ca href=\"http://www.southampton.ac.uk/archaeology/about/staff/scarab.page\">John McNabb\u003c/a>, an archeologist at the University of Southampton in England. His question: How did those people get to California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty thousand years ago, archaeologists agree, people \u003cem>did\u003c/em> cross over to Alaska from Siberia, perhaps more than once. Sea levels were lower then and there was a land bridge connecting the continents. In an interview with the journal Nature, which \u003ca href=\"http://nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/nature22065\">published the California research\u003c/a>, McNabb says that land bridge wasn't there 130,000 years ago. \"The sea lane in between the two continents [was] wider [then],\" he says, \"so that's one problem with this, how do we get humans across?\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/HyfSsgCrjb0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/HyfSsgCrjb0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>McNabb says what's needed to really prove that this is truly an archaeological site are bones from the people who got there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California team counters that they've spent over 20 years examining the evidence. Team member and archaeologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.capr.tdcart.com/\">Steve Holen\u003c/a> is with the Center for American Paleolithic Research. \"I know people will be skeptical with this because it is so surprising,\" he says, \"and I was skeptical when I first looked at the material myself. But it's definitely an archaeological site.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holen says these early people could have come across in boats. As for the broken bones, he says the type of fracture isn't accidental. And the way the hammerstones and bones were distributed in the ground doesn't look natural.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One question the team can't answer is who these people were. A genetic technique that uses mutations in a population's genome as a sort of \"clock\" says the first common ancestor of Native Americans lived about 20,000 years ago. So if there were indeed earlier settlers, it could be they made an arduous migration from Siberia, only to die out without leaving any descendants. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+Evidence+Suggests+Humans+Arrived+In+The+Americas+Far+Earlier+Than+Thought&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Yosemite Rangers Use GPS to Save Bears From Cars",
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"content": "\u003cp>People love seeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/nature/bears.htm\">black bears\u003c/a> when they visit Yosemite National Park. But encounters don't always go well. The park has come up with a new way to keep humans and bears safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno State University student Quiang Chang was walking recently with his friends along the rushing Merced River. It was his fifth time visiting Yosemite National Park, and he hadn't seen a bear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if they appear, Chang said, \"I probably would just quietly ... just observe them and take a picture.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/524409047/524936093\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://keepbearswild.org/bear-encounters/\">Keeping a healthy distance\u003c/a> from bears is exactly what park officials want people to do. But training the public to think this way hasn't been easy, says National Park Service spokesman Scott Gediman. Twenty years ago, human-bear encounters in Yosemite were very common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was not atypical to have three or four vehicles broken into every night,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bears would rip open car doors or smash windows \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/30/us/to-bears-in-yosemite-cars-are-like-cookie-jars.html\">in search of food\u003c/a>. But others are craftier. One park visitor even took a video of a bear opening a car door with its paws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11418747\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11418747\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-4-7cd4d9e51fe5551ebbb2cbe1f8553e25fa59b56f-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Yosemite National Park wildlife biologist Ryan Leahy says he hopes the website keeps both people and bears safe.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yosemite National Park wildlife biologist Ryan Leahy says he hopes the website keeps both people and bears safe. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1998, there were 1,600 encounters with bears. Now, there are fewer than 100 every year, says Yosemite National Park wildlife biologist Ryan Leahy. That's because park rangers have worked to educate the public on \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/planyourvisit/bears.htm\">storing food properly\u003c/a>, and Leahy says they now use technology to track the bears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy works in a cabin on the edge of Yosemite Valley. He's tracking bears online in real time using the GPS collars the animals wear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, he says, human interaction with bears often resulted in having to kill the animals. By using these tracking tools, fewer and fewer bears are killed. If a bear gets too close to people, Leahy's team can scare it away, catch it or relocate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracking data from the past few years points to another trend: Bears are being hit by cars, and speeding is now their biggest threat. Leahy says 28 were hit last year, and many of them died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're talking about 10 percent of our bears potentially being hit by vehicles each year,\" he says. \"Just slowing down a little bit will give you that stopping distance required to prevent a collision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11418748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11418748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Black bears are tracked in Yosemite using telemetry and GPS collars.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832.jpg 1998w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black bears are tracked in Yosemite using telemetry and GPS collars. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The key, he says, is education. His team has created an \u003ca href=\"http://keepbearswild.org/bear-tracker/\">interactive map-based website\u003c/a> where the public can track the lives of selected bears and see general areas where they're hit most often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy says the bears' locations are delayed on the site so people aren't able to track them in real time. On the site, park visitors can also learn about how to be safe if a bear is around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So what we want to do with this website in a positive way is engage people before they get here: 'Hey, here's the real story about black bears in Yosemite National Park,' \" Leahy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hopes the site means fewer midnight calls with a dented car and either a dead or wounded bear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/people/ezra-david-romero#stream/0\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a reporter with NPR member station Valley Public Radio. You can follow him\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ezraromero\">@ezraromero\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 Valley Public Radio. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kvpr.org/\">Valley Public Radio\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Yosemite+Rangers+Use+Technology+To+Save+Bears+From+Cars&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>People love seeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/nature/bears.htm\">black bears\u003c/a> when they visit Yosemite National Park. But encounters don't always go well. The park has come up with a new way to keep humans and bears safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno State University student Quiang Chang was walking recently with his friends along the rushing Merced River. It was his fifth time visiting Yosemite National Park, and he hadn't seen a bear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if they appear, Chang said, \"I probably would just quietly ... just observe them and take a picture.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/524409047/524936093\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://keepbearswild.org/bear-encounters/\">Keeping a healthy distance\u003c/a> from bears is exactly what park officials want people to do. But training the public to think this way hasn't been easy, says National Park Service spokesman Scott Gediman. Twenty years ago, human-bear encounters in Yosemite were very common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was not atypical to have three or four vehicles broken into every night,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bears would rip open car doors or smash windows \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/30/us/to-bears-in-yosemite-cars-are-like-cookie-jars.html\">in search of food\u003c/a>. But others are craftier. One park visitor even took a video of a bear opening a car door with its paws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11418747\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11418747\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-4-7cd4d9e51fe5551ebbb2cbe1f8553e25fa59b56f-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Yosemite National Park wildlife biologist Ryan Leahy says he hopes the website keeps both people and bears safe.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yosemite National Park wildlife biologist Ryan Leahy says he hopes the website keeps both people and bears safe. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1998, there were 1,600 encounters with bears. Now, there are fewer than 100 every year, says Yosemite National Park wildlife biologist Ryan Leahy. That's because park rangers have worked to educate the public on \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/planyourvisit/bears.htm\">storing food properly\u003c/a>, and Leahy says they now use technology to track the bears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy works in a cabin on the edge of Yosemite Valley. He's tracking bears online in real time using the GPS collars the animals wear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, he says, human interaction with bears often resulted in having to kill the animals. By using these tracking tools, fewer and fewer bears are killed. If a bear gets too close to people, Leahy's team can scare it away, catch it or relocate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracking data from the past few years points to another trend: Bears are being hit by cars, and speeding is now their biggest threat. Leahy says 28 were hit last year, and many of them died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're talking about 10 percent of our bears potentially being hit by vehicles each year,\" he says. \"Just slowing down a little bit will give you that stopping distance required to prevent a collision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11418748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11418748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Black bears are tracked in Yosemite using telemetry and GPS collars.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/248424-photo-3-577eedb4615d69db7fa31c13313bd910f0acb832.jpg 1998w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black bears are tracked in Yosemite using telemetry and GPS collars. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The key, he says, is education. His team has created an \u003ca href=\"http://keepbearswild.org/bear-tracker/\">interactive map-based website\u003c/a> where the public can track the lives of selected bears and see general areas where they're hit most often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy says the bears' locations are delayed on the site so people aren't able to track them in real time. On the site, park visitors can also learn about how to be safe if a bear is around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So what we want to do with this website in a positive way is engage people before they get here: 'Hey, here's the real story about black bears in Yosemite National Park,' \" Leahy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hopes the site means fewer midnight calls with a dented car and either a dead or wounded bear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/people/ezra-david-romero#stream/0\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a reporter with NPR member station Valley Public Radio. You can follow him\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ezraromero\">@ezraromero\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 Valley Public Radio. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kvpr.org/\">Valley Public Radio\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Yosemite+Rangers+Use+Technology+To+Save+Bears+From+Cars&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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},
"soldout": {
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