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"content": "\u003cp>More young people are leaning into the rental or sharing economy — owning less of everything and renting and sharing a whole lot more. Housing, cars, music, workspaces. In some places, such as Los Angeles, this rental life has gone to an extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steven T. Johnson, 27, works in social media advertising and lives in Hollywood. He spends most of his days using things he does not own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He takes a ride-share service to get to the gym; he does not own a car. At the gym, he rents a locker. He uses the gym's laundry service because he does not own a washing machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson doesn't even have an apartment, actually. He rents a bed in a large room with other people who rent beds, for nights, weeks or months at a time, through a service called \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/21/654426576/cant-find-an-affordable-home-try-living-in-a-pod\">PodShare\u003c/a>. All the residents share a kitchen and bathrooms. Johnson also rents a desk at \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/09/26/552379626/co-working-spaces-are-redefining-what-it-means-to-go-to-the-office\">WeWork\u003c/a>, a co-working space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Steven T. Johnson, 27, works in social media advertising']'That's what's great. When you don't own things, you don't have to keep track of them. You just show up.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he says the only clothes he owns are two versions of the same outfit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson says he owns so little that he's even been able to get rid of his backpack. \"I gave that up two months ago,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says that for him, this lifestyle isn't cumbersome or confusing. \"That's what's great,\" he says. \"When you don't own things, you don't have to keep track of them. You just show up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's part of a new-ish group of young people. He's educated and owns his own business. He could be considered well off, but he's also, in a way, homeless. By choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two big reasons for this shift: the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2018/08/09/millions-of-millennials-are-locked-out-of-homeownership-heres-why.html\">price of housing\u003c/a> and student loan debt. A little more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2018080pap.pdf\">a third of millennials\u003c/a> currently own homes, a rate lower than Generation X and baby boomers when they were the same age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is there something else going on as well? Does Johnson represent a fundamental shift in American capitalism as we know it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11739894' label='More Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skyler Wang, a Ph.D. student at UC Berkeley who studies the sharing economy, says even if young people own less and are less enamored with ownership than their parents may be, they still have a lot of stuff — it's just not tangible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I talked to a lot of minimalists,\" Wang says. \"They're the type of people who love to couch surf. They own like 30 things, but ... they hoard digitally. They have tons of photographs. They have thousands and thousands of Instagram posts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They still live in an economy of stuff — it's just different stuff. It's experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do businesses deal with this? For starters, a lot more companies are getting into rentals. Even Ikea is starting to \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ikea-sustainability/ikea-to-test-furniture-rental-in-30-countries-idUSKCN1RF0WY\">lease its furniture\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outdoor chain REI announced recently it is vastly \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/andriacheng/2019/04/09/with-millennials-in-mind-outdoor-gear-retailer-rei-to-double-down-on-rental-and-used-gear-sales/#53f245c4141e\">expanding its rental program\u003c/a> for things like camping gear. Eric Artz, acting CEO of the company, says this requires a different kind of outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Skyler Wang, a Ph.D. student at UC Berkeley who studies the sharing economy']'I talked to a lot of minimalists. They're the type of people who love to couch surf. They own like 30 things, but ... they hoard digitally. They have tons of photographs. They have thousands and thousands of Instagram posts.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're selling joy,\" he says. \"We're selling inspiration when you get out on a trail or go for a bike ride. We're selling the adrenaline buzz at the end of a run, and we're just trying to enable that in any way we possibly can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juliet Schor, a sociologist at Boston College who studies the rental and sharing economies, says not everyone is in it for the same reasons. Some are doing it just for enjoyment. Some are doing it to move toward transactions that are less corporate and more personal. Others are willing to spend more for convenience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a lot rent and share because they're broke and they need to save money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's a mistake to characterize them ... with one kind of economic orientation or orientation to money,\" Schor says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it really hard to predict whether renting and sharing is our long-term future, or just a fad — even for Johnson, who is totally plugged in to a rental life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not something that you can do forever, because you do need to have a place that you can genuinely point to and say, this is my home,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Note: REI and WeWork are among NPR's financial sponsors.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skyler Wang, a Ph.D. student at UC Berkeley who studies the sharing economy, says even if young people own less and are less enamored with ownership than their parents may be, they still have a lot of stuff — it's just not tangible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I talked to a lot of minimalists,\" Wang says. \"They're the type of people who love to couch surf. They own like 30 things, but ... they hoard digitally. They have tons of photographs. They have thousands and thousands of Instagram posts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They still live in an economy of stuff — it's just different stuff. It's experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do businesses deal with this? For starters, a lot more companies are getting into rentals. Even Ikea is starting to \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ikea-sustainability/ikea-to-test-furniture-rental-in-30-countries-idUSKCN1RF0WY\">lease its furniture\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outdoor chain REI announced recently it is vastly \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/andriacheng/2019/04/09/with-millennials-in-mind-outdoor-gear-retailer-rei-to-double-down-on-rental-and-used-gear-sales/#53f245c4141e\">expanding its rental program\u003c/a> for things like camping gear. Eric Artz, acting CEO of the company, says this requires a different kind of outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're selling joy,\" he says. \"We're selling inspiration when you get out on a trail or go for a bike ride. We're selling the adrenaline buzz at the end of a run, and we're just trying to enable that in any way we possibly can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juliet Schor, a sociologist at Boston College who studies the rental and sharing economies, says not everyone is in it for the same reasons. Some are doing it just for enjoyment. Some are doing it to move toward transactions that are less corporate and more personal. Others are willing to spend more for convenience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a lot rent and share because they're broke and they need to save money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's a mistake to characterize them ... with one kind of economic orientation or orientation to money,\" Schor says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it really hard to predict whether renting and sharing is our long-term future, or just a fad — even for Johnson, who is totally plugged in to a rental life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not something that you can do forever, because you do need to have a place that you can genuinely point to and say, this is my home,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Note: REI and WeWork are among NPR's financial sponsors.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "faa-certifies-googles-wing-drone-delivery-company-to-operate-as-an-airline",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Federal Aviation Administration has certified Alphabet’s Wing Aviation to operate as an airline, in a first for U.S. drone delivery companies. Wing, which began as a \u003ca href=\"https://x.company/projects/wing/\">Google X project\u003c/a>, has been testing its autonomous drones in southwest Virginia and elsewhere. Alphabet is also Google’s parent company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Air Carrier Certification means that we can begin a commercial service delivering goods from local businesses to homes in the United States,” Wing said in a statement posted to \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/wing-aviation/wing-becomes-first-certified-air-carrier-for-drones-in-the-us-43401883f20b\">the Medium website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has touted many advantages of using unmanned drones to deliver packages, from reducing carbon emissions and road congestion to increasing connections between communities and local businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11660802]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an important step forward for the safe testing and integration of drones into our economy. Safety continues to be our Number One priority as this technology continues to develop and realize its full potential,” Secretary of Transportation Elaine L. Chao said in a statement from the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR, the FAA said Wing was able to qualify for an air carrier certificate because it has shown “its operations met the FAA’s rigorous safety requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wing’s electric drones are powered by 14 propellers, nearly all of which are top-mounted to help carry loads of up to 1.5 kilograms (3.3 pounds). They’re meant to deliver a wide range of everyday items, from food and drinks to medicine and emergency supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By developing delivery drones — and a retail system that would connect customers with local merchants — Google’s parent company is directly competing with Amazon, which has been readying its own unmanned delivery system, called Prime Air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/12/02/248170316/drone-delivery-amazon-says-a-new-era-looms\">As early as 2013\u003c/a>, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos predicted that the online retail giant’s “octocopter” drones would start buzzing out of fulfillment centers in the coming years. At the time, Bezos said his company’s drones would be built to carry around 5 pounds — a weight limit that would allow about 85 percent of the products sold by Amazon to be delivered by drone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bezos also said it would take time to develop a safe and reliable drone system — and to get federal approvals. It wasn’t until late 2016 that Amazon announced its first fully autonomous Prime Air delivery. Since then, like Google, it’s been testing its delivery drones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of unmanned aircraft in the U.S. has been growing by leaps and bounds. At the end of 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/e0fcf74b9a9d46d1a7c57463cf6f668c\">The Associated Press reported\u003c/a> that “110,000 commercial drones are operating in U.S. airspace,” citing government figures that also projected the number would more than quadruple in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11742158\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11742158\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-800x1267.jpg\" alt=\"Customers who took part in Wing's drone delivery test program in Virginia approach their package after it was dropped on their lawn.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-800x1267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-160x253.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-1020x1615.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-758x1200.jpg 758w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400.jpg 1293w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Customers who took part in Wing’s drone delivery test program in Virginia approach their package after it was dropped on their lawn. \u003ccite>(Wing)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wing has been testing its drone delivery systems from an FAA-approved test area at Virginia Tech since the autumn of 2016. With its new air carrier certification in hand, the company says it hopes to expand deliveries in southwest Virginia, recruiting businesses and potential customers in the Blacksburg and Christiansburg areas who want to try out the delivery system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That expansion is planned for later this year. In the meantime, Wing “will begin its first trial in Europe in the spring, delivering to homes in Helsinki, Finland,” a company representative said in an email to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the earliest Wing drone tests took place in Canberra, Australia, in 2014. Since then, the company says, its drones have flown more than 70,000 test flights and delivered thousands of packages there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Wing officially launched its commercial delivery service in northern Canberra after gaining regulatory approval. \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/wing-aviation/wing-launches-commercial-air-delivery-service-in-canberra-5da134312474\">Its initial partners\u003c/a> in that venture range from local coffee, bakery and gelato shops to chocolate makers and a taqueria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to Google and Amazon, delivery companies such as United Parcel Service and DHL Express also have been developing their own drone systems. And like many human endeavors that rely on technology, a main hurdle has been a relatively simple constraint: battery life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have to recharge them every other hour, then you need so many drones, and you have to orchestrate that. So good luck with that,” Frank Appel, the CEO of DHL parent Deutsche Post AG, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/e0fcf74b9a9d46d1a7c57463cf6f668c\">told the AP\u003c/a> last December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FAA+Certifies+Google%27s+Wing+Drone+Delivery+Company+To+Operate+As+An+Airline&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Wing's drones are made to deliver a wide range of items — including coffee, chocolate and burritos — from local merchants to their customers.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Federal Aviation Administration has certified Alphabet’s Wing Aviation to operate as an airline, in a first for U.S. drone delivery companies. Wing, which began as a \u003ca href=\"https://x.company/projects/wing/\">Google X project\u003c/a>, has been testing its autonomous drones in southwest Virginia and elsewhere. Alphabet is also Google’s parent company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Air Carrier Certification means that we can begin a commercial service delivering goods from local businesses to homes in the United States,” Wing said in a statement posted to \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/wing-aviation/wing-becomes-first-certified-air-carrier-for-drones-in-the-us-43401883f20b\">the Medium website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has touted many advantages of using unmanned drones to deliver packages, from reducing carbon emissions and road congestion to increasing connections between communities and local businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an important step forward for the safe testing and integration of drones into our economy. Safety continues to be our Number One priority as this technology continues to develop and realize its full potential,” Secretary of Transportation Elaine L. Chao said in a statement from the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR, the FAA said Wing was able to qualify for an air carrier certificate because it has shown “its operations met the FAA’s rigorous safety requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wing’s electric drones are powered by 14 propellers, nearly all of which are top-mounted to help carry loads of up to 1.5 kilograms (3.3 pounds). They’re meant to deliver a wide range of everyday items, from food and drinks to medicine and emergency supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By developing delivery drones — and a retail system that would connect customers with local merchants — Google’s parent company is directly competing with Amazon, which has been readying its own unmanned delivery system, called Prime Air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/12/02/248170316/drone-delivery-amazon-says-a-new-era-looms\">As early as 2013\u003c/a>, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos predicted that the online retail giant’s “octocopter” drones would start buzzing out of fulfillment centers in the coming years. At the time, Bezos said his company’s drones would be built to carry around 5 pounds — a weight limit that would allow about 85 percent of the products sold by Amazon to be delivered by drone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bezos also said it would take time to develop a safe and reliable drone system — and to get federal approvals. It wasn’t until late 2016 that Amazon announced its first fully autonomous Prime Air delivery. Since then, like Google, it’s been testing its delivery drones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of unmanned aircraft in the U.S. has been growing by leaps and bounds. At the end of 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/e0fcf74b9a9d46d1a7c57463cf6f668c\">The Associated Press reported\u003c/a> that “110,000 commercial drones are operating in U.S. airspace,” citing government figures that also projected the number would more than quadruple in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11742158\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11742158\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-800x1267.jpg\" alt=\"Customers who took part in Wing's drone delivery test program in Virginia approach their package after it was dropped on their lawn.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-800x1267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-160x253.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-1020x1615.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400-758x1200.jpg 758w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/wing-testers-receiving-package-as-part-of-faa-testing_custom-b8e453cc8a74800a344da95377130dcc41fb934d-s1400.jpg 1293w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Customers who took part in Wing’s drone delivery test program in Virginia approach their package after it was dropped on their lawn. \u003ccite>(Wing)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wing has been testing its drone delivery systems from an FAA-approved test area at Virginia Tech since the autumn of 2016. With its new air carrier certification in hand, the company says it hopes to expand deliveries in southwest Virginia, recruiting businesses and potential customers in the Blacksburg and Christiansburg areas who want to try out the delivery system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That expansion is planned for later this year. In the meantime, Wing “will begin its first trial in Europe in the spring, delivering to homes in Helsinki, Finland,” a company representative said in an email to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the earliest Wing drone tests took place in Canberra, Australia, in 2014. Since then, the company says, its drones have flown more than 70,000 test flights and delivered thousands of packages there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Wing officially launched its commercial delivery service in northern Canberra after gaining regulatory approval. \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/wing-aviation/wing-launches-commercial-air-delivery-service-in-canberra-5da134312474\">Its initial partners\u003c/a> in that venture range from local coffee, bakery and gelato shops to chocolate makers and a taqueria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to Google and Amazon, delivery companies such as United Parcel Service and DHL Express also have been developing their own drone systems. And like many human endeavors that rely on technology, a main hurdle has been a relatively simple constraint: battery life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have to recharge them every other hour, then you need so many drones, and you have to orchestrate that. So good luck with that,” Frank Appel, the CEO of DHL parent Deutsche Post AG, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/e0fcf74b9a9d46d1a7c57463cf6f668c\">told the AP\u003c/a> last December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FAA+Certifies+Google%27s+Wing+Drone+Delivery+Company+To+Operate+As+An+Airline&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "watch-live-attorney-general-barr-briefs-reporters-about-the-mueller-report",
"title": "Mueller Report: Trump Tried to Stop Investigation Fearing His Presidency Was Over",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 7:24 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When President Trump learned two years ago that a special counsel had been appointed to investigate Russian interference in the 2016 election, he was distraught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"mueller-report-release\" label=\"The Mueller Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump “slumped back in his chair and said, ‘Oh my God. This is terrible. This is the end of my Presidency. I’m f***ed,'” according to the report by special counsel Robert Mueller which was released Thursday in redacted form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s prediction, written down by an aide and contained in the 448 pages of the Mueller report, has not come to pass. But Mueller’s 22-month investigation did turn up numerous instances where the president tried to prevent investigators from carrying out their mandate — and it suggests that he might have been successful were it not for his own aides who ignored his directives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those dissenting figures included former White House counsel Donald McGahn, deputy national security adviser K.T. McFarland and former Attorney General Jeff Sessions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/documents/document.html?id=5955997-Muellerreport\">\u003cstrong>READ: The redacted Mueller report \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/7VPnCY7ISKg?t=590\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the Mueller report’s conclusion on whether the president obstructed justice was decidedly noncommittal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we had confidence after a thorough investigation of the facts that the president clearly did not commit obstruction of justice, we would so state,” the report reads. “Based on the facts and the applicable legal standards however we are unable to reach that judgment. The evidence we obtained about the president’s actions and intent presents difficult issues that prevent us from conclusively determining that no criminal conduct occurred.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mueller’s doorstop report thumped to Earth Thursday after much anticipation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report was divided into two volumes. Volume I looked at \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/25/586099619/the-russia-investigations-what-you-need-to-know-about-russian-active-measures\">Russia’s interference in the 2016 presidential election\u003c/a> and it’s interactions with the Trump campaign. Volume II focused on the president’s actions toward investigations carried out by the FBI and by the special counsel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mueller concluded that investigators could not establish that the Trump campaign “conspired or coordinated” with the “sweeping and systematic” Russian interference effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And referring to possible charges that the president obstructed justice, Mueller writes that “while this report does not conclude that the president committed a crime, it also does not exonerate him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Barr’s reasoning\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report was released only after Attorney General William Barr held a news conference to talk about the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He told reporters that “no collusion” had been found between the Trump campaign and Russia — repeating the phrase that the president himself has used many times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr also said that the president “was frustrated and angered by a sincere belief that the investigation was undermining his presidency, propelled by his political opponents and fueled by illegal leaks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr said he was satisfied Trump had acted based on “noncorrupt motives” and decided not to prosecute the president for obstruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump responded following the press conference \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1118876219381026818\">with a post on Twitter\u003c/a> that included an image of himself in a “Game of Thrones” motif with the legend: “Game over.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1118876219381026818\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also mentioned the report at a White House ceremony Thursday morning for veterans taking part in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.woundedwarriorproject.org/programs/soldier-ride\">bike ride\u003c/a> sponsored by the Wounded Warrior Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re having a good day, I’m having a good day, too. It’s called no collusion, no obstruction,” Trump said to applause and cheers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This should never happen to another president again, this hoax. It should never happen to another president again,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kellyanne Conway, counselor to the president, told reporters following the report’s release that Thursday was “really the best day since he got elected” and that “we’re accepting apologies today, too, for anybody who feels the grace in offering them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Democrats angered\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading Democrats in Congress had a very different take on the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At news conference in New York, House Judiciary Chairman Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y., said, “Even in its incomplete form, however, the Mueller report outlines disturbing evidence that President Trump engaged in obstruction of justice and other misconduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadler called \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RepJerryNadler/status/1118877752843808768\">for Mueller to speak for himself\u003c/a> about his work, in public, to Congress, in a hearing by May 23.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., charged that Barr “deliberately distorted significant portions” of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Special Counsel Mueller’s report paints a disturbing picture of a president who has been weaving a web of deceit, lies and improper behavior and acting as if the law doesn’t apply to him,” they said in a joint statement. “But if you hadn’t read the report and listened only to Mr. Barr, you wouldn’t have known any of that because Mr. Barr has been so misleading. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier, leading Democrats on Capitol Hill objected to the early preview Barr had given the White House and to his convening a press conference before the Mueller report was public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/RepJerryNadler/status/1118877752843808768\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi and Schumer said before the press conference that Barr’s “regrettably partisan handling of the Mueller report … [has] resulted in a crisis of confidence in his independence and impartiality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi and Schumer added that “the only way to begin restoring public trust in the handling” of the Mueller investigation is for Mueller himself to testify publicly before the House and Senate “as soon as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr said later Thursday that he would let key congressional leaders and staff review a version of the Mueller report with fewer redactions than the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/18/713974980/see-how-much-of-the-mueller-report-is-redacted\">one that was released to the public\u003c/a>, leaving in place those said to protect grand jury information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report says the president’s efforts to influence the investigation were mostly stopped by those around him declining to carry out his orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 17, 2017, the president called then-White House counsel Don McGahn and directed him to tell the Justice Department that Mueller had a conflict of interest and must be removed. The report says McGahn did not act on the order and decided he “he would resign rather than trigger what he regarded as a potential \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/21/659279158/a-brief-history-of-nixons-saturday-night-massacre\">Saturday Night Massacre\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several other such instances include Trump instructing his former campaign manager Corey Lewandowski to deliver a message to Sessions to limit Mueller’s probe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in early summer 2017, the president called Sessions at home and asked him to reverse his recusal from the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What the campaign knew\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also describes contacts between members of the Trump campaign and the Russian government as the presidential race between Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton was taking place in 2016:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>Several individuals associated with the campaign were contacted in 2016 about various efforts to obtain the missing Clinton emails and other stolen material in support of the Trump campaign. Some of these contacts were met with skepticism and nothing came of them; others were pursued to some degree. The investigation did not find evidence that the Trump campaign recovered any such Clinton emails, or that these contacts were part of a coordinated effort between Russia and the Trump campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Trump specifically told investigators that he had no recollection of learning at the time that his son Donald Trump Jr., son-in-law Jared Kushner and campaign chairman Paul Manafort planned to meet with the Russian delegation they hosted at Trump Tower in June 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one has faced criminal charges in connection with that meeting, although Manafort was sentenced to prison following other conspiracy and fraud charges. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Mueller+Report%3A+Trump+Tried+To+Stop+Investigation+Fearing+His+Presidency+Was+Over&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The 448-page document, released Thursday after nearly two years of investigation, depicts a president distraught by the special counsel's inquiry — and aides thwarting his attempts to stop it.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 7:24 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When President Trump learned two years ago that a special counsel had been appointed to investigate Russian interference in the 2016 election, he was distraught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump “slumped back in his chair and said, ‘Oh my God. This is terrible. This is the end of my Presidency. I’m f***ed,'” according to the report by special counsel Robert Mueller which was released Thursday in redacted form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s prediction, written down by an aide and contained in the 448 pages of the Mueller report, has not come to pass. But Mueller’s 22-month investigation did turn up numerous instances where the president tried to prevent investigators from carrying out their mandate — and it suggests that he might have been successful were it not for his own aides who ignored his directives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those dissenting figures included former White House counsel Donald McGahn, deputy national security adviser K.T. McFarland and former Attorney General Jeff Sessions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apps.npr.org/documents/document.html?id=5955997-Muellerreport\">\u003cstrong>READ: The redacted Mueller report \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/7VPnCY7ISKg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/7VPnCY7ISKg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>As a result, the Mueller report’s conclusion on whether the president obstructed justice was decidedly noncommittal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we had confidence after a thorough investigation of the facts that the president clearly did not commit obstruction of justice, we would so state,” the report reads. “Based on the facts and the applicable legal standards however we are unable to reach that judgment. The evidence we obtained about the president’s actions and intent presents difficult issues that prevent us from conclusively determining that no criminal conduct occurred.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mueller’s doorstop report thumped to Earth Thursday after much anticipation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report was divided into two volumes. Volume I looked at \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/04/25/586099619/the-russia-investigations-what-you-need-to-know-about-russian-active-measures\">Russia’s interference in the 2016 presidential election\u003c/a> and it’s interactions with the Trump campaign. Volume II focused on the president’s actions toward investigations carried out by the FBI and by the special counsel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mueller concluded that investigators could not establish that the Trump campaign “conspired or coordinated” with the “sweeping and systematic” Russian interference effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And referring to possible charges that the president obstructed justice, Mueller writes that “while this report does not conclude that the president committed a crime, it also does not exonerate him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Barr’s reasoning\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report was released only after Attorney General William Barr held a news conference to talk about the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He told reporters that “no collusion” had been found between the Trump campaign and Russia — repeating the phrase that the president himself has used many times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr also said that the president “was frustrated and angered by a sincere belief that the investigation was undermining his presidency, propelled by his political opponents and fueled by illegal leaks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr said he was satisfied Trump had acted based on “noncorrupt motives” and decided not to prosecute the president for obstruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump responded following the press conference \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1118876219381026818\">with a post on Twitter\u003c/a> that included an image of himself in a “Game of Thrones” motif with the legend: “Game over.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Trump also mentioned the report at a White House ceremony Thursday morning for veterans taking part in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.woundedwarriorproject.org/programs/soldier-ride\">bike ride\u003c/a> sponsored by the Wounded Warrior Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re having a good day, I’m having a good day, too. It’s called no collusion, no obstruction,” Trump said to applause and cheers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This should never happen to another president again, this hoax. It should never happen to another president again,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kellyanne Conway, counselor to the president, told reporters following the report’s release that Thursday was “really the best day since he got elected” and that “we’re accepting apologies today, too, for anybody who feels the grace in offering them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Democrats angered\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leading Democrats in Congress had a very different take on the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At news conference in New York, House Judiciary Chairman Jerry Nadler, D-N.Y., said, “Even in its incomplete form, however, the Mueller report outlines disturbing evidence that President Trump engaged in obstruction of justice and other misconduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nadler called \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RepJerryNadler/status/1118877752843808768\">for Mueller to speak for himself\u003c/a> about his work, in public, to Congress, in a hearing by May 23.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., charged that Barr “deliberately distorted significant portions” of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Special Counsel Mueller’s report paints a disturbing picture of a president who has been weaving a web of deceit, lies and improper behavior and acting as if the law doesn’t apply to him,” they said in a joint statement. “But if you hadn’t read the report and listened only to Mr. Barr, you wouldn’t have known any of that because Mr. Barr has been so misleading. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier, leading Democrats on Capitol Hill objected to the early preview Barr had given the White House and to his convening a press conference before the Mueller report was public.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Pelosi and Schumer said before the press conference that Barr’s “regrettably partisan handling of the Mueller report … [has] resulted in a crisis of confidence in his independence and impartiality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi and Schumer added that “the only way to begin restoring public trust in the handling” of the Mueller investigation is for Mueller himself to testify publicly before the House and Senate “as soon as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barr said later Thursday that he would let key congressional leaders and staff review a version of the Mueller report with fewer redactions than the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/18/713974980/see-how-much-of-the-mueller-report-is-redacted\">one that was released to the public\u003c/a>, leaving in place those said to protect grand jury information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report says the president’s efforts to influence the investigation were mostly stopped by those around him declining to carry out his orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 17, 2017, the president called then-White House counsel Don McGahn and directed him to tell the Justice Department that Mueller had a conflict of interest and must be removed. The report says McGahn did not act on the order and decided he “he would resign rather than trigger what he regarded as a potential \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/21/659279158/a-brief-history-of-nixons-saturday-night-massacre\">Saturday Night Massacre\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several other such instances include Trump instructing his former campaign manager Corey Lewandowski to deliver a message to Sessions to limit Mueller’s probe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in early summer 2017, the president called Sessions at home and asked him to reverse his recusal from the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What the campaign knew\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also describes contacts between members of the Trump campaign and the Russian government as the presidential race between Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton was taking place in 2016:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>Several individuals associated with the campaign were contacted in 2016 about various efforts to obtain the missing Clinton emails and other stolen material in support of the Trump campaign. Some of these contacts were met with skepticism and nothing came of them; others were pursued to some degree. The investigation did not find evidence that the Trump campaign recovered any such Clinton emails, or that these contacts were part of a coordinated effort between Russia and the Trump campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Trump specifically told investigators that he had no recollection of learning at the time that his son Donald Trump Jr., son-in-law Jared Kushner and campaign chairman Paul Manafort planned to meet with the Russian delegation they hosted at Trump Tower in June 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one has faced criminal charges in connection with that meeting, although Manafort was sentenced to prison following other conspiracy and fraud charges. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Mueller+Report%3A+Trump+Tried+To+Stop+Investigation+Fearing+His+Presidency+Was+Over&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Tiny Earthquakes Happen Every Few Minutes in Southern California, Study Finds",
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"content": "\u003cp>Detecting very small earthquakes is notoriously difficult. The rumbling of the ocean, a passing car or even the wind can feel a lot like a minor quake to the sensors that blanket seismically active parts of the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a problem for scientists who rely on data about all the earthquakes in a region to study what triggers the biggest, most destructive ones. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"earthquakes\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, a team of scientists says it has found a way to accurately detect tiny earthquakes, and it has published a new, more comprehensive list of quakes that occurred over a recent 10-year period in Southern California. The work was \u003ca href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.aaw6888\">published Thursday\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>Science.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team relied on data \u003ca href=\"http://www.scsn.org/index.php/scsn/index.html\">from a network\u003c/a> of about 400 seismic sensors in California, spread from the U.S.-Mexico border up through the southern part of the state. Those sensors continuously measure movement in the Earth’s crust, looking for evidence of quakes. During the decade from 2008 to 2017, scientists had already identified 180,000 earthquakes in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have a robust seismic network in Southern California,” explains \u003ca href=\"https://www.lanl.gov/expertise/profiles/view/daniel-trugman\">Daniel Trugman\u003c/a>, a seismologist at Los Alamos National Laboratory and an author of the study. But while 180,000 might seem like a large number of quakes, there were many, many more hiding undetected in the data. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Trugman and his collaborators re-analyzed the data using a powerful array of computer processors, they found evidence of 10 times as many earthquakes — 1.81 million temblors in a decade, or roughly one tiny earthquake every three minutes or so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t feel them happening all the time,” Trugman says. But “they’re happening all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most quakes detected in the study are so small, their magnitude falls below zero. It’s not impossible for humans to feel such subtle trembling in the rock beneath our feet, but it is unlikely. Trugman equates it to a table being kicked over in your kitchen. If you are standing in the kitchen when it happens, you’ll notice the table hitting the ground. But if you’re up the street when it happens, or even just outside, you’re likely to miss it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To detect the tiny quakes without mistaking them for nonquake vibrations (like a passing truck), Trugman and scientists at the California Institute of Technology and the University of California, San Diego used computers to search a decade’s worth of data for patterns that resembled known earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysis was made possible by advances in computer processors over the past decade or so. Even so, it took tens of thousands of hours for a group of 200 graphics processors housed at Caltech — basically souped-up versions of the graphics cards in laptop computers — to search through all the data and pinpoint potential quakes, and hundreds of thousands of hours more for other computers to finish the analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ability to measure more, smaller earthquakes will hopefully help scientists answer some of the most intriguing questions about how, where and why earthquakes happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741287\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/ap_19016104913493-2feb9bcb92d855dafae8610109635cda8f85b1bf-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The 1994 Northridge earthquake in Southern California, which killed dozens of people and caused this overpass to collapse, had a magnitude of 6.7. Scientists say improvements in quake detection reveal that hundreds of small quakes occur every day in the region.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741287\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 1994 Northridge earthquake in Southern California, which killed dozens of people and caused this overpass to collapse, had a magnitude of 6.7. Scientists say improvements in quake detection reveal that hundreds of small quakes occur every day in the region. \u003ccite>(Douglas C. Pizac/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, many communities \u003ca href=\"http://scecinfo.usc.edu/ucerf/index.html\">rely on\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3033/fs-2004-3033.html\">fault maps\u003c/a> showing where earthquakes are most likely to happen to help make decisions about infrastructure, building codes and emergency plans. Having more complete information about quakes in the region could make those maps more complete and could help identify what are known as blind faults, which aren’t visible on the surface but have the potential to shift underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A blind thrust fault was responsible for the 1994 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcrw.com/news/articles/the-northridge-earthquake-at-20\">Northridge earthquake\u003c/a> in Southern California that killed more than 50 people, injured thousands of others and caused billions of dollars in damage. In fact, the network of seismic sensors that made the new study possible was \u003ca href=\"https://news.usc.edu/58305/earthquake-science-in-the-era-of-big-data/\">put in place\u003c/a> in the aftermath of that disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also might be possible to use data from similar sensor networks in other parts of the U.S. — for example, in the \u003ca href=\"https://pnsn.org/\">Pacific Northwest\u003c/a> — to create more comprehensive catalogs of quakes in those regions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s authors hope to use the data to look at how large earthquakes are triggered and what role small earthquakes play in that process. Understanding that complex relationship could eventually help seismologists predict earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to be looking at a lot of these questions in a lot more detail,” says lead author \u003ca href=\"http://www.seismolab.caltech.edu/ross_z.html\">Zachary Ross\u003c/a>, a geophysicist at Caltech. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The holy grail of earthquake seismology has always been prediction,” explains Trugman. In recent years, for example, the U.S. government has rolled out an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/07/576301183/what-happened-to-mexicos-earthquake-warning-system\">earthquake warning system\u003c/a> along the West Coast, which uses the same networks of sensors that scientists are studying. Having a deeper understanding of the seismic information that is fed into that early alert system could help make it more accurate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m cautiously optimistic that we’ll make progress on earthquake prediction,” Trugman says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Tiny+Earthquakes+Happen+Every+Few+Minutes+In+Southern+California%2C+Study+Finds&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, a team of scientists says it has found a way to accurately detect tiny earthquakes, and it has published a new, more comprehensive list of quakes that occurred over a recent 10-year period in Southern California. The work was \u003ca href=\"https://science.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.aaw6888\">published Thursday\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>Science.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team relied on data \u003ca href=\"http://www.scsn.org/index.php/scsn/index.html\">from a network\u003c/a> of about 400 seismic sensors in California, spread from the U.S.-Mexico border up through the southern part of the state. Those sensors continuously measure movement in the Earth’s crust, looking for evidence of quakes. During the decade from 2008 to 2017, scientists had already identified 180,000 earthquakes in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have a robust seismic network in Southern California,” explains \u003ca href=\"https://www.lanl.gov/expertise/profiles/view/daniel-trugman\">Daniel Trugman\u003c/a>, a seismologist at Los Alamos National Laboratory and an author of the study. But while 180,000 might seem like a large number of quakes, there were many, many more hiding undetected in the data. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Trugman and his collaborators re-analyzed the data using a powerful array of computer processors, they found evidence of 10 times as many earthquakes — 1.81 million temblors in a decade, or roughly one tiny earthquake every three minutes or so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t feel them happening all the time,” Trugman says. But “they’re happening all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most quakes detected in the study are so small, their magnitude falls below zero. It’s not impossible for humans to feel such subtle trembling in the rock beneath our feet, but it is unlikely. Trugman equates it to a table being kicked over in your kitchen. If you are standing in the kitchen when it happens, you’ll notice the table hitting the ground. But if you’re up the street when it happens, or even just outside, you’re likely to miss it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To detect the tiny quakes without mistaking them for nonquake vibrations (like a passing truck), Trugman and scientists at the California Institute of Technology and the University of California, San Diego used computers to search a decade’s worth of data for patterns that resembled known earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysis was made possible by advances in computer processors over the past decade or so. Even so, it took tens of thousands of hours for a group of 200 graphics processors housed at Caltech — basically souped-up versions of the graphics cards in laptop computers — to search through all the data and pinpoint potential quakes, and hundreds of thousands of hours more for other computers to finish the analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ability to measure more, smaller earthquakes will hopefully help scientists answer some of the most intriguing questions about how, where and why earthquakes happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741287\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/ap_19016104913493-2feb9bcb92d855dafae8610109635cda8f85b1bf-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The 1994 Northridge earthquake in Southern California, which killed dozens of people and caused this overpass to collapse, had a magnitude of 6.7. Scientists say improvements in quake detection reveal that hundreds of small quakes occur every day in the region.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11741287\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 1994 Northridge earthquake in Southern California, which killed dozens of people and caused this overpass to collapse, had a magnitude of 6.7. Scientists say improvements in quake detection reveal that hundreds of small quakes occur every day in the region. \u003ccite>(Douglas C. Pizac/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, many communities \u003ca href=\"http://scecinfo.usc.edu/ucerf/index.html\">rely on\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3033/fs-2004-3033.html\">fault maps\u003c/a> showing where earthquakes are most likely to happen to help make decisions about infrastructure, building codes and emergency plans. Having more complete information about quakes in the region could make those maps more complete and could help identify what are known as blind faults, which aren’t visible on the surface but have the potential to shift underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A blind thrust fault was responsible for the 1994 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcrw.com/news/articles/the-northridge-earthquake-at-20\">Northridge earthquake\u003c/a> in Southern California that killed more than 50 people, injured thousands of others and caused billions of dollars in damage. In fact, the network of seismic sensors that made the new study possible was \u003ca href=\"https://news.usc.edu/58305/earthquake-science-in-the-era-of-big-data/\">put in place\u003c/a> in the aftermath of that disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also might be possible to use data from similar sensor networks in other parts of the U.S. — for example, in the \u003ca href=\"https://pnsn.org/\">Pacific Northwest\u003c/a> — to create more comprehensive catalogs of quakes in those regions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s authors hope to use the data to look at how large earthquakes are triggered and what role small earthquakes play in that process. Understanding that complex relationship could eventually help seismologists predict earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to be looking at a lot of these questions in a lot more detail,” says lead author \u003ca href=\"http://www.seismolab.caltech.edu/ross_z.html\">Zachary Ross\u003c/a>, a geophysicist at Caltech. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The holy grail of earthquake seismology has always been prediction,” explains Trugman. In recent years, for example, the U.S. government has rolled out an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/07/576301183/what-happened-to-mexicos-earthquake-warning-system\">earthquake warning system\u003c/a> along the West Coast, which uses the same networks of sensors that scientists are studying. Having a deeper understanding of the seismic information that is fed into that early alert system could help make it more accurate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m cautiously optimistic that we’ll make progress on earthquake prediction,” Trugman says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Tiny+Earthquakes+Happen+Every+Few+Minutes+In+Southern+California%2C+Study+Finds&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Six months after the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in California history, the town of Paradise remains a disaster zone. Only 6 percent of the debris from last November’s Camp Fire has been hauled away. Burned-out skeletons of cars, piles of toxic rubble and blackened old-growth pine trees can still be seen everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"paradise\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the wildfire, the population of Paradise was about 26,000. Today, it’s in the hundreds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extent of the latest crisis unfolding in Paradise is yet unknown: The deadly fire may also have contaminated up to 173 miles of pipeline in the town’s water system with cancer-causing benzene and other volatile organic compounds, or VOCs. Preliminary results have shown contamination in about a third of the lines tested, though only about 2 percent of the entire system has been sampled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the water crisis is just the latest setback that has called into question whether the town is ready to reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some have had no choice but to move back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as the house was cleaned, our insurance company told us that we had to come home,” says Paradise resident Kyla Awalt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Awalt’s home off Bille Road is the only one still eerily standing in the rubble of what used to be her neighborhood. Her family had planned to move back, eventually. In January, though, they were notified that their “additional living expenses” had run out. But there was still no potable water in town then, nor is there today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They considered selling. But how do you put a home on the market if it doesn’t have any water?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t,” Awalt says. “That’s part of the inspection process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they bought a huge water tank, out of pocket, for $6,500. It’s sitting beneath the shade of an old walnut tree along the fence line of her property. On the other side of the fence is the rubble of what used to be her neighbor’s home. There are piles of debris and a couple of mangled, burnt lawn mowers waiting to be hauled away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Awalts spend $250 to fill the water tank every few weeks. It’s expensive, but it offers peace of mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of up to the homeowner,” Awalt says. “It’s on them to figure it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the Camp Fire, Paradise was known as a bedroom community as well as an affordable haven for retirees. Much of the population tended to skew lower income, and the idea that they’re now being left to fend for themselves is alarming to experts like Andrew Whelton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not protecting public health,” says Whelton, a civil engineer who built his career advising the U.S. military on how to restore water infrastructure after disasters. “That’s not what we’re supposed to be doing with a population that has gone under trauma like this; we’re supposed to help them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whelton, now at Purdue University, has recently been consulting with the town’s primary water supplier, the Paradise Irrigation District. The utility is trying to pinpoint the source of the contamination, whether it’s from burnt plastic pipes and meters or from the toxic waste from burnt structures that was flushed into the town’s water pipes. Much of the town’s housing stock was older and didn’t have back-flow protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The scale of the recovery effort and the testing that’s needed in my experience here will be unprecedented,” Whelton says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s likely unprecedented, but it’s also a warning to other cities in high-risk wildfire zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s manager, Kevin Phillips, says his staff is overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no playbook for a wildfire that destroys a town and you have a depressurization of a system that creates contamination,” Phillips says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are 10,500 service lines in the district’s system, which was built in the 1950s and already had a reputation of being outdated and haphazardly designed. Phillips says the plan is to prioritize testing in neighborhoods where homes are still standing and to shut down and isolate the contaminated places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system will take years to fix. The testing alone could take more than two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel like we are under the microscope of the nation right now, that we are going to be the reason why the town doesn’t rebuild. … If there’s no water, there’s no town,” Phillips says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Phillips says they won’t do anything hastily that would jeopardize public health. As more people try to move back, the utility hopes to buy and deliver tanks with potable water — a program that will hopefully begin later this month. But no one knows yet who will pay for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whelton worries that means folks living here will continue to be exposed to yet unknown risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740560\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11740560\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"899\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85-1200x674.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paradise Irrigation District manager Kevin Phillips shows a sample of the town’s water pipes, which were frequently woven between underground root systems that were likely burned during the fire. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In a disaster of this scale, that is one of the takeaways here,” he says. “In the absence of any credible authority providing help to a population, they will do what it takes to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, there are strict warnings that people moving back in should not drink or even boil the water, let alone use it for any household activity unless it has been tested. Whelton says some residents are buying water filtration systems that aren’t proven to be safe enough to handle the high VOC readings, or they’re relying on a single-point-in-time test for contaminants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Zinn, 79, whose home of four decades was spared, got her water tested three months ago. It showed the all clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They did say it could change so I should have it retested, but it’s $100 every time you have it tested, so I guess I’m gambling,” Zinn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinn is drinking bottled water, but she’s using tap water for most everything else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Something’s going to get me one of these days anyway,” Zinn says. “So I’m not really that concerned about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She chuckles as she tries to make light of the latest setback in front of her town’s recovery. She’s mostly concerned about Paradise’s survival, which she says hinges on its water crisis being solved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the big thing,” she says. “If we don’t have that taken care of the town is going to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Paradise%2C+Calif.%2C+Water+Is+Contaminated+But+Residents+Are+Moving+Back+Anyway&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Six months after the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in California history, the town of Paradise remains a disaster zone. Only 6 percent of the debris from last November’s Camp Fire has been hauled away. Burned-out skeletons of cars, piles of toxic rubble and blackened old-growth pine trees can still be seen everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the wildfire, the population of Paradise was about 26,000. Today, it’s in the hundreds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extent of the latest crisis unfolding in Paradise is yet unknown: The deadly fire may also have contaminated up to 173 miles of pipeline in the town’s water system with cancer-causing benzene and other volatile organic compounds, or VOCs. Preliminary results have shown contamination in about a third of the lines tested, though only about 2 percent of the entire system has been sampled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the water crisis is just the latest setback that has called into question whether the town is ready to reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some have had no choice but to move back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as the house was cleaned, our insurance company told us that we had to come home,” says Paradise resident Kyla Awalt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Awalt’s home off Bille Road is the only one still eerily standing in the rubble of what used to be her neighborhood. Her family had planned to move back, eventually. In January, though, they were notified that their “additional living expenses” had run out. But there was still no potable water in town then, nor is there today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They considered selling. But how do you put a home on the market if it doesn’t have any water?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t,” Awalt says. “That’s part of the inspection process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they bought a huge water tank, out of pocket, for $6,500. It’s sitting beneath the shade of an old walnut tree along the fence line of her property. On the other side of the fence is the rubble of what used to be her neighbor’s home. There are piles of debris and a couple of mangled, burnt lawn mowers waiting to be hauled away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Awalts spend $250 to fill the water tank every few weeks. It’s expensive, but it offers peace of mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of up to the homeowner,” Awalt says. “It’s on them to figure it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the Camp Fire, Paradise was known as a bedroom community as well as an affordable haven for retirees. Much of the population tended to skew lower income, and the idea that they’re now being left to fend for themselves is alarming to experts like Andrew Whelton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not protecting public health,” says Whelton, a civil engineer who built his career advising the U.S. military on how to restore water infrastructure after disasters. “That’s not what we’re supposed to be doing with a population that has gone under trauma like this; we’re supposed to help them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whelton, now at Purdue University, has recently been consulting with the town’s primary water supplier, the Paradise Irrigation District. The utility is trying to pinpoint the source of the contamination, whether it’s from burnt plastic pipes and meters or from the toxic waste from burnt structures that was flushed into the town’s water pipes. Much of the town’s housing stock was older and didn’t have back-flow protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The scale of the recovery effort and the testing that’s needed in my experience here will be unprecedented,” Whelton says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s likely unprecedented, but it’s also a warning to other cities in high-risk wildfire zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s manager, Kevin Phillips, says his staff is overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no playbook for a wildfire that destroys a town and you have a depressurization of a system that creates contamination,” Phillips says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are 10,500 service lines in the district’s system, which was built in the 1950s and already had a reputation of being outdated and haphazardly designed. Phillips says the plan is to prioritize testing in neighborhoods where homes are still standing and to shut down and isolate the contaminated places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system will take years to fix. The testing alone could take more than two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel like we are under the microscope of the nation right now, that we are going to be the reason why the town doesn’t rebuild. … If there’s no water, there’s no town,” Phillips says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Phillips says they won’t do anything hastily that would jeopardize public health. As more people try to move back, the utility hopes to buy and deliver tanks with potable water — a program that will hopefully begin later this month. But no one knows yet who will pay for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whelton worries that means folks living here will continue to be exposed to yet unknown risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740560\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11740560\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"899\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/image-from-ios-1-_wide-82709c7e83ee2caeab6037da94ec88628604786e-s1600-c85-1200x674.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paradise Irrigation District manager Kevin Phillips shows a sample of the town’s water pipes, which were frequently woven between underground root systems that were likely burned during the fire. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In a disaster of this scale, that is one of the takeaways here,” he says. “In the absence of any credible authority providing help to a population, they will do what it takes to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, there are strict warnings that people moving back in should not drink or even boil the water, let alone use it for any household activity unless it has been tested. Whelton says some residents are buying water filtration systems that aren’t proven to be safe enough to handle the high VOC readings, or they’re relying on a single-point-in-time test for contaminants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Zinn, 79, whose home of four decades was spared, got her water tested three months ago. It showed the all clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They did say it could change so I should have it retested, but it’s $100 every time you have it tested, so I guess I’m gambling,” Zinn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinn is drinking bottled water, but she’s using tap water for most everything else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Something’s going to get me one of these days anyway,” Zinn says. “So I’m not really that concerned about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She chuckles as she tries to make light of the latest setback in front of her town’s recovery. She’s mostly concerned about Paradise’s survival, which she says hinges on its water crisis being solved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the big thing,” she says. “If we don’t have that taken care of the town is going to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Paradise%2C+Calif.%2C+Water+Is+Contaminated+But+Residents+Are+Moving+Back+Anyway&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Dirty words make it to the U.S. Supreme Court only occasionally. One of those occasions came Monday, in a case involving a clothing line named “\u003ca href=\"https://fuct.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FUCT.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is whether the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office acted unconstitutionally when it refused to grant trademark protection to the brand name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, for the justices, the immediate problem was how to discuss the the F-word without actually saying it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “FUCT” clothing line, created by designer Eric Brunetti, is mainly hoodies, loose pants, shorts and T-shirts, all with the brand name prominently displayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740529\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 618px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11740529\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Screen-Shot-2019-04-16-at-11.23.05-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"618\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Screen-Shot-2019-04-16-at-11.23.05-AM.png 618w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Screen-Shot-2019-04-16-at-11.23.05-AM-160x77.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 618px) 100vw, 618px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A few items from the FUCT clothing line. Courtesy of FUCT Instagram.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brunetti opened the line in 1990, aimed at 20-somethings, and he has been trying to get the brand trademarked ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Go to eBay, and you’ll see a lot of counterfeits, or go to Amazon, and you’ll see lots of counterfeits,” he said, noting that the knockoffs are costing him real money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If he could get his brand trademarked, he could go after the copycats and shut them down. The U.S. government Patent and Trademark Office, however, has consistently rejected his trademark application, contending that those letters, “FUCT,” violate the federal statute that bars trademark protection for “immoral,” “shocking,” “offensive” and “scandalous” words.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brunetti’s case got a boost two years ago when the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/19/533514196/the-slants-win-supreme-court-battle-over-bands-name-in-trademark-dispute\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ruled that an Asian-American band calling itself “The Slants” could not be denied \u003c/a>trademark protection. The trademark office had turned the band down, because it deemed the name racially “disparaging,” but the court said the denial amounted to unconstitutional viewpoint discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dealing with the brand name “FUCT” proved a bit more daunting in the Supreme Court chamber Monday. Deputy Solicitor General Malcolm Stewart referred to the brand name as a “profane past participle form of a well-known word of profanity and perhaps the paradigmatic word of profanity in our language.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1938007,news_11729888 label='Intellectual Property Disputes']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government, he maintained, can deny trademark protection for that word. The justices pointed to a chart showing which terms had been granted trademarks by the government, and which ones had not. Most of the names on the chart — those granted and not granted — are not suitable for a general audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suffice to say that while “FUCT” did not win trademark approval, “FCUK” did, and so did the well-known brand “FUBAR.” The word “crap” was registered in a trademarked name 70 times, but the S-word was consistently denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That prompted Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg to ask how the trademark office defines what is scandalous, shocking or offensive. And, Ginsburg inquired, do 20-year-olds generally find “FUCT” to be shocking or scandalous?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probably not, conceded the government’s Stewart. But he said the term would still be shocking or offensive to a substantial segment of the population. Thus, it can be denied trademark registration, he argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Deputy Solicitor General Malcolm Stewart']‘FUCT is a profane past participle form of a well-known word of profanity and perhaps the paradigmatic word of profanity in our language.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Neil Gorsuch pointed to the chart, declaring that it was hard to see why certain trademarks either using or alluding to profanity were approved and others denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Samuel Alito asked what would happen when “really dirty words” were at issue. How about “racial slurs”? asked Justice Stephen Breyer, adding those are more like “swear words,” as they are insults that sting and are remembered by those who are targeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stewart replied that because of the court’s decision in the “Slants” case, most trademarks with racial slurs are now approved. But the most offensive slur, the N-word, for now is still not approved, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representing “FUCT” designer Brunetti, lawyer John Sommer didn’t have an easy time either. Justice Breyer had this question: Why doesn’t the government have the right to say, in essence, “You can use this language in your brand name, but the government doesn’t want to be associated with it by granting trademark protection?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’m worried about,” said Breyer, is that if a racial slur is trademarked, it will appear as a product name “on every bus where it’s advertised” and on newsstands where children and others will see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not the audience Mr. Brunetti is appealing to,” Sommer replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Justice John Roberts interjected, “But that may not be the only audience he reaches.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of his argument, Sommer returned to the language of the statute, arguing that if “offensiveness” is the standard for turning down a trademark, “Steak ‘n Shake” can’t be registered either, because “a substantial portion of Americans believe that eating beef is immoral.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decision in the case is expected by summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR.\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Dirty words make it to the U.S. Supreme Court only occasionally. One of those occasions came Monday, in a case involving a clothing line named “\u003ca href=\"https://fuct.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FUCT.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is whether the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office acted unconstitutionally when it refused to grant trademark protection to the brand name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, for the justices, the immediate problem was how to discuss the the F-word without actually saying it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “FUCT” clothing line, created by designer Eric Brunetti, is mainly hoodies, loose pants, shorts and T-shirts, all with the brand name prominently displayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11740529\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 618px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11740529\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Screen-Shot-2019-04-16-at-11.23.05-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"618\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Screen-Shot-2019-04-16-at-11.23.05-AM.png 618w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Screen-Shot-2019-04-16-at-11.23.05-AM-160x77.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 618px) 100vw, 618px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A few items from the FUCT clothing line. Courtesy of FUCT Instagram.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brunetti opened the line in 1990, aimed at 20-somethings, and he has been trying to get the brand trademarked ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Go to eBay, and you’ll see a lot of counterfeits, or go to Amazon, and you’ll see lots of counterfeits,” he said, noting that the knockoffs are costing him real money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If he could get his brand trademarked, he could go after the copycats and shut them down. The U.S. government Patent and Trademark Office, however, has consistently rejected his trademark application, contending that those letters, “FUCT,” violate the federal statute that bars trademark protection for “immoral,” “shocking,” “offensive” and “scandalous” words.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brunetti’s case got a boost two years ago when the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/19/533514196/the-slants-win-supreme-court-battle-over-bands-name-in-trademark-dispute\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ruled that an Asian-American band calling itself “The Slants” could not be denied \u003c/a>trademark protection. The trademark office had turned the band down, because it deemed the name racially “disparaging,” but the court said the denial amounted to unconstitutional viewpoint discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dealing with the brand name “FUCT” proved a bit more daunting in the Supreme Court chamber Monday. Deputy Solicitor General Malcolm Stewart referred to the brand name as a “profane past participle form of a well-known word of profanity and perhaps the paradigmatic word of profanity in our language.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government, he maintained, can deny trademark protection for that word. The justices pointed to a chart showing which terms had been granted trademarks by the government, and which ones had not. Most of the names on the chart — those granted and not granted — are not suitable for a general audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suffice to say that while “FUCT” did not win trademark approval, “FCUK” did, and so did the well-known brand “FUBAR.” The word “crap” was registered in a trademarked name 70 times, but the S-word was consistently denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That prompted Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg to ask how the trademark office defines what is scandalous, shocking or offensive. And, Ginsburg inquired, do 20-year-olds generally find “FUCT” to be shocking or scandalous?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probably not, conceded the government’s Stewart. But he said the term would still be shocking or offensive to a substantial segment of the population. Thus, it can be denied trademark registration, he argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Neil Gorsuch pointed to the chart, declaring that it was hard to see why certain trademarks either using or alluding to profanity were approved and others denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Samuel Alito asked what would happen when “really dirty words” were at issue. How about “racial slurs”? asked Justice Stephen Breyer, adding those are more like “swear words,” as they are insults that sting and are remembered by those who are targeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stewart replied that because of the court’s decision in the “Slants” case, most trademarks with racial slurs are now approved. But the most offensive slur, the N-word, for now is still not approved, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representing “FUCT” designer Brunetti, lawyer John Sommer didn’t have an easy time either. Justice Breyer had this question: Why doesn’t the government have the right to say, in essence, “You can use this language in your brand name, but the government doesn’t want to be associated with it by granting trademark protection?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’m worried about,” said Breyer, is that if a racial slur is trademarked, it will appear as a product name “on every bus where it’s advertised” and on newsstands where children and others will see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not the audience Mr. Brunetti is appealing to,” Sommer replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Justice John Roberts interjected, “But that may not be the only audience he reaches.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of his argument, Sommer returned to the language of the statute, arguing that if “offensiveness” is the standard for turning down a trademark, “Steak ‘n Shake” can’t be registered either, because “a substantial portion of Americans believe that eating beef is immoral.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decision in the case is expected by summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR.\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Watchdogs Cite Lax Medical and Mental Health Treatment of ICE Detainees",
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"content": "\u003cp>It's Saturday morning and the women of the Contreras family are busy in Montclair, California, making pupusas, tamales and tacos. They're working to replace the income of José Contreras, who has been held since last June at Southern California's \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detention-facility/adelanto-ice-processing-center\" target=\"_blank\">Adelanto ICE Processing Center\u003c/a>, a privately run immigration detention center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11739199,news_11736531,news_11728992' label='Immigration Detention in California']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José's daughter, Giselle, drives around in an aging minivan collecting food orders. First a hospital, then a car wash, then a local bank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giselle's father crossed from Guatemala more than two decades ago, without authorization to enter the U.S. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and brought him to Adelanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giselle says her father languished there for three months without his diabetes medication. Now, she says, the guards give it to him at odd times during the day and night. And, she says, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents took his eyeglasses so he can't read legal documents or write letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My aunt tried to take in glasses for him but they don't allow for us to give them anything,\" Giselle tells me as she steers the minivan. \"They tell us that they give them everything they need.\" When I ask if her father has glasses now, she says, \"No, he doesn't. He doesn't have glasses.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739789\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Maria Contreras, José's sister, makes papusas and other food for sale in Southern California — to help support the family while José is in detention at the ICE Adelanto Processing Center. He's been held there for months without his glasses or requested counseling for depression, she says, and doesn't get his diabetes medication when he needs it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739789\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Contreras, José's sister, makes papusas and other food for sale in Southern California — to help support the family while José is in detention at the ICE Adelanto Processing Center. He's been held there for months without his glasses or requested counseling for depression, she says, and doesn't get his diabetes medication when he needs it. \u003ccite>(Sarah Varney/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Giselle says her father, who is 60 years old, is terrified of being deported, and she says the regimented world inside Adelanto is driving him into a deep depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His conversations now have become shorter,\" she says. \"He doesn't talk to us and ask, 'How's your day? How you been?' He's always looking down at the ground; he doesn't want to make eye contact for the same reason that he's so depressed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José's sister, Maria Contreras, visits her brother every Saturday. She's urged him to see a psychologist at Adelanto, but he tells her that even though he filled out a medical request, he doesn't get any help. \"No response, or anything,\" Maria says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adelanto sits on a desolate stretch of road in the high desert about an hour north of the city of Riverside. Nearly 2,000 men and women are held here. Some arrived recently during the surge in border crossings. Others lived in the U.S. — undocumented and undetected — for years. In the visiting room, where detainees are brought in wearing blue, orange or red baggy pants and tops, a sign on the wall reads, \"Don't give up hope.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739790\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-800x599.jpg\" alt=\"José Contreras with his family, in happier times. He came to the U.S. from Guatemala without authorization more than two decades ago. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and took him to Adelanto.\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739790\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">José Contreras with his family, in happier times. He came to the U.S. from Guatemala without authorization more than two decades ago. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and took him to Adelanto. \u003ccite>(Sarah Varney/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The facility, run by a federal contractor, \u003ca href=\"https://www.geogroup.com/\">GEO Group\u003c/a>, a for-profit company based in Boca Raton, Florida \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/11/21/565318778/big-money-as-private-immigrant-jails-boom\" target=\"_blank\">that runs private prisons\u003c/a> has a troubled past. During an unannounced visit last year, federal inspectors from the Department of Homeland Security's \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2018-10/OIG-18-86-Sep18.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Office of the Inspector General found\u003c/a> \"nooses\" made out of bed sheets in 15 out of 20 cells. The inspectors found guards overlooked the nooses even though a detainee had committed suicide using a bedsheet in 2017 and several others had attempted suicide using a similar method. The government audit concluded GEO Group guards improperly handcuffed and shackled detainees, unnecessarily placed detainees in solitary confinement and failed to provide adequate medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate investigation of Adelanto and other immigration detention facilities in California released in February by California Attorney General Xavier Becerra found similar health and safety problems and concluded that detainees were treated like prisoners, some kept in their cells for 22 hours a day, even though they have not been charged with a crime. A state law passed in 2017 directs the state to inspect and report on the treatment of immigrant detainees held in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a March 27 letter to GEO Group, Adelanto City Manager Jessie Flores informed the private prison operator that the contract would expire in 90 days, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11736531/adelanto-ending-contract-for-largest-immigration-detention-facility-in-california\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KQED reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged cases documented in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.disabilityrightsca.org/system/files/file-attachments/DRC_REPORT_ADELANTO-IMMIG_DETENTION_MARCH2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">most recent report\u003c/a> by Disability Rights California, a watchdog group with legal oversight to protect people with disabilities in the Golden State, are grim: detainees slitting their wrists; discontinued medication for depression; and ignored requests for wheelchairs and walkers. At least one detainee claimed that guards pepper-sprayed him when he did not stand up, and a second time while he tried to hang himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, GEO Group says it \"strongly disputes the claims\" in the report, and that the remedies recommended by Disability Rights California \"were already in place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are deeply committed,\" the company says, \"to delivering high-quality, culturally responsive services in safe and humane environments.\" An ICE spokesperson says, in an emailed statement, that GEO Group's Adelanto facility is in \"full compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mario, who was inside Adelanto for six months in 2018, says the report describes his own experiences there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's happening is all those claims that have been made against GEO and the staff in the medical department are finally being backed up by reports,\" Mario says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked us not to use his last name since he's out on bond and still fighting deportation. Mario is now 32; he crossed the border with his parents without documentation when he was 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, he was convicted of a misdemeanor and ICE agents picked him up at his home in Ontario, California. At the time, Mario was seeing a therapist for depression and taking medication. It took three weeks to get back on antidepressants, he says, and the sessions with the psychologists at Adelanto were only cursory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They keep their actual sessions to five to 10 minutes,\" he says. \"It's basically like a quick check-in. They just ask you, 'How are you? Do you have any suicidal thoughts? When is your next court date?' It's one of those things that I feel is basically done just to say, 'All right, we did it.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario is gay and lived in a room with three other men, including a gay man from Mexico who was seeking asylum. The two men became close friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was persecuted in Mexico because of being gay,\" Mario says. Months of detention \"and not getting any mental health care really took a toll on him. And that's when he cut himself. He cut his wrist with a razor blade that we get to shave. And after that he was placed in solitary confinement for about a week.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario says when his friend came back to their room, he was taking some sort of medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After that, all he did was sleep,\" Mario says. \"When the food was ready I'd go call him: 'OK, it's time to eat.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other detainees and immigration lawyers described a similar pattern, of GEO psychiatrists prescribing antipsychotic medications that make people sleep much of the time. It's one of the reasons people were reluctant to seek help, Mario says. But also, like other detainees, he was worried about being labeled as depressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't express whenever I was extremely feeling sad or depressed or anxious because I was afraid that would be used against me in court,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judges cannot use mental health conditions to deny legal status to a detainee, according to immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, long after GEO Group says the company addressed any problems detailed in the Disability Rights California report, detainees in Adelanto staged a hunger strike. The detainees gave an attorney a handwritten note, which was released by the Inland Coalition for Immigrant Justice, an advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief among their demands was speedier access to good medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/news/author/sarah-varney/\" target=\"_blank\">Sarah Varney\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a senior national correspondent at Kaiser Health News, a nonprofit health newsroom that is an editorially independent part of the Kaiser Family Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2019 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Adelanto ICE Processing Center houses nearly 2,000 people in California. Federal, state and watchdog reviews say the Florida-based firm that runs Adelanto fails to provide adequate health care.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's Saturday morning and the women of the Contreras family are busy in Montclair, California, making pupusas, tamales and tacos. They're working to replace the income of José Contreras, who has been held since last June at Southern California's \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detention-facility/adelanto-ice-processing-center\" target=\"_blank\">Adelanto ICE Processing Center\u003c/a>, a privately run immigration detention center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José's daughter, Giselle, drives around in an aging minivan collecting food orders. First a hospital, then a car wash, then a local bank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giselle's father crossed from Guatemala more than two decades ago, without authorization to enter the U.S. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and brought him to Adelanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giselle says her father languished there for three months without his diabetes medication. Now, she says, the guards give it to him at odd times during the day and night. And, she says, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents took his eyeglasses so he can't read legal documents or write letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My aunt tried to take in glasses for him but they don't allow for us to give them anything,\" Giselle tells me as she steers the minivan. \"They tell us that they give them everything they need.\" When I ask if her father has glasses now, she says, \"No, he doesn't. He doesn't have glasses.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739789\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Maria Contreras, José's sister, makes papusas and other food for sale in Southern California — to help support the family while José is in detention at the ICE Adelanto Processing Center. He's been held there for months without his glasses or requested counseling for depression, she says, and doesn't get his diabetes medication when he needs it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739789\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Contreras, José's sister, makes papusas and other food for sale in Southern California — to help support the family while José is in detention at the ICE Adelanto Processing Center. He's been held there for months without his glasses or requested counseling for depression, she says, and doesn't get his diabetes medication when he needs it. \u003ccite>(Sarah Varney/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Giselle says her father, who is 60 years old, is terrified of being deported, and she says the regimented world inside Adelanto is driving him into a deep depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His conversations now have become shorter,\" she says. \"He doesn't talk to us and ask, 'How's your day? How you been?' He's always looking down at the ground; he doesn't want to make eye contact for the same reason that he's so depressed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José's sister, Maria Contreras, visits her brother every Saturday. She's urged him to see a psychologist at Adelanto, but he tells her that even though he filled out a medical request, he doesn't get any help. \"No response, or anything,\" Maria says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adelanto sits on a desolate stretch of road in the high desert about an hour north of the city of Riverside. Nearly 2,000 men and women are held here. Some arrived recently during the surge in border crossings. Others lived in the U.S. — undocumented and undetected — for years. In the visiting room, where detainees are brought in wearing blue, orange or red baggy pants and tops, a sign on the wall reads, \"Don't give up hope.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739790\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-800x599.jpg\" alt=\"José Contreras with his family, in happier times. He came to the U.S. from Guatemala without authorization more than two decades ago. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and took him to Adelanto.\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739790\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">José Contreras with his family, in happier times. He came to the U.S. from Guatemala without authorization more than two decades ago. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and took him to Adelanto. \u003ccite>(Sarah Varney/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The facility, run by a federal contractor, \u003ca href=\"https://www.geogroup.com/\">GEO Group\u003c/a>, a for-profit company based in Boca Raton, Florida \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/11/21/565318778/big-money-as-private-immigrant-jails-boom\" target=\"_blank\">that runs private prisons\u003c/a> has a troubled past. During an unannounced visit last year, federal inspectors from the Department of Homeland Security's \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2018-10/OIG-18-86-Sep18.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Office of the Inspector General found\u003c/a> \"nooses\" made out of bed sheets in 15 out of 20 cells. The inspectors found guards overlooked the nooses even though a detainee had committed suicide using a bedsheet in 2017 and several others had attempted suicide using a similar method. The government audit concluded GEO Group guards improperly handcuffed and shackled detainees, unnecessarily placed detainees in solitary confinement and failed to provide adequate medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate investigation of Adelanto and other immigration detention facilities in California released in February by California Attorney General Xavier Becerra found similar health and safety problems and concluded that detainees were treated like prisoners, some kept in their cells for 22 hours a day, even though they have not been charged with a crime. A state law passed in 2017 directs the state to inspect and report on the treatment of immigrant detainees held in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a March 27 letter to GEO Group, Adelanto City Manager Jessie Flores informed the private prison operator that the contract would expire in 90 days, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11736531/adelanto-ending-contract-for-largest-immigration-detention-facility-in-california\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KQED reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged cases documented in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.disabilityrightsca.org/system/files/file-attachments/DRC_REPORT_ADELANTO-IMMIG_DETENTION_MARCH2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">most recent report\u003c/a> by Disability Rights California, a watchdog group with legal oversight to protect people with disabilities in the Golden State, are grim: detainees slitting their wrists; discontinued medication for depression; and ignored requests for wheelchairs and walkers. At least one detainee claimed that guards pepper-sprayed him when he did not stand up, and a second time while he tried to hang himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, GEO Group says it \"strongly disputes the claims\" in the report, and that the remedies recommended by Disability Rights California \"were already in place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are deeply committed,\" the company says, \"to delivering high-quality, culturally responsive services in safe and humane environments.\" An ICE spokesperson says, in an emailed statement, that GEO Group's Adelanto facility is in \"full compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mario, who was inside Adelanto for six months in 2018, says the report describes his own experiences there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's happening is all those claims that have been made against GEO and the staff in the medical department are finally being backed up by reports,\" Mario says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked us not to use his last name since he's out on bond and still fighting deportation. Mario is now 32; he crossed the border with his parents without documentation when he was 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, he was convicted of a misdemeanor and ICE agents picked him up at his home in Ontario, California. At the time, Mario was seeing a therapist for depression and taking medication. It took three weeks to get back on antidepressants, he says, and the sessions with the psychologists at Adelanto were only cursory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They keep their actual sessions to five to 10 minutes,\" he says. \"It's basically like a quick check-in. They just ask you, 'How are you? Do you have any suicidal thoughts? When is your next court date?' It's one of those things that I feel is basically done just to say, 'All right, we did it.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario is gay and lived in a room with three other men, including a gay man from Mexico who was seeking asylum. The two men became close friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was persecuted in Mexico because of being gay,\" Mario says. Months of detention \"and not getting any mental health care really took a toll on him. And that's when he cut himself. He cut his wrist with a razor blade that we get to shave. And after that he was placed in solitary confinement for about a week.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario says when his friend came back to their room, he was taking some sort of medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After that, all he did was sleep,\" Mario says. \"When the food was ready I'd go call him: 'OK, it's time to eat.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other detainees and immigration lawyers described a similar pattern, of GEO psychiatrists prescribing antipsychotic medications that make people sleep much of the time. It's one of the reasons people were reluctant to seek help, Mario says. But also, like other detainees, he was worried about being labeled as depressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't express whenever I was extremely feeling sad or depressed or anxious because I was afraid that would be used against me in court,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judges cannot use mental health conditions to deny legal status to a detainee, according to immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, long after GEO Group says the company addressed any problems detailed in the Disability Rights California report, detainees in Adelanto staged a hunger strike. The detainees gave an attorney a handwritten note, which was released by the Inland Coalition for Immigrant Justice, an advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief among their demands was speedier access to good medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/news/author/sarah-varney/\" target=\"_blank\">Sarah Varney\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a senior national correspondent at Kaiser Health News, a nonprofit health newsroom that is an editorially independent part of the Kaiser Family Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2019 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "FACT CHECK: Trump Wrongly States Obama Administration Had Child Separation Policy",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Donald Trump repeated a false claim to reporters Tuesday, wrongly blaming the Obama administration for instituting a policy in which children were separated from their parents at the Southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the one that stopped it,” Trump said. “President Obama had child separation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made the comments during a photo op prior to his meeting with Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Family Separations at the Border\" tag=\"family-separation\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked whether the administration was considering reinstating the policy of child separation to curb the number of migrant families crossing the border from Mexico, Trump responded that “We’re not looking to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he seemed to imply it was an effective means of stemming border crossings, and he compared families attempting to cross into the U.S. to visitors to an amusement park. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll tell you something, once you don’t have it that’s why you have many more people coming. They are coming like it’s a picnic, like, ‘Let’s go to Disneyland.’ President Obama separated children. They had child separation; I was the one that changed it,” Trump said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also denied that he is “cleaning house” at the Department of Homeland Security, in light of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/07/710870473/homeland-security-secretary-kirstjen-nielsen-resigns\">the departure of DHS Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/08/711096242/trump-replacing-secret-service-director\">Secret Service Director Randolph “Tex” Alles\u003c/a> this week. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never said I’m cleaning house,” Trump said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s false claim that child separations were carried out by the Obama administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/05/29/615211215/fact-check-are-democrats-responsible-for-dhs-separating-children-from-their-pare\">has been frequently refuted\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Obama administration did not do that, no. We did not separate children from their parents,” former Obama domestic policy adviser Cecilia Muñoz \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/05/29/615079848/following-up-on-1-500-missing-immigrant-children-in-the-u-s\">told NPR in May 2018\u003c/a>. “This is a new decision, a policy decision put in place by the attorney general,” which Muñoz said “puts us in league with the most brutal regimes in the world’s history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions who instituted the “zero tolerance” policy at the Southern border \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/attorney-general-announces-zero-tolerance-policy-criminal-illegal-entry\">in April 2018\u003c/a>, which resulted in children being separated from their parents who were taken into custody for criminal prosecution. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/07/617928318/judge-says-yes-to-lawsuit-challenging-trump-administration-family-separation-pol\">allowed a lawsuit challenging the policy\u003c/a> last June, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/20/621798823/speaker-ryan-plans-immigration-votes-amid-doubts-that-bills-can-pass\">Trump issued an executive order ending it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as NPR’s Domenico Montanaro wrote last year, the Trump administration has been\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/20/621489166/family-separation-is-trumps-immigration-policy-here-s-why-he-won-t-own-it\"> unwilling to take the blame\u003c/a> for the policy of family separations because of the political optics. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FACT+CHECK%3A+Trump+Wrongly+States+Obama+Administration+Had+Child+Separation+Policy&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Speaking to reporters Tuesday, President Trump restated an earlier falsehood in which he blamed the Obama administration for a policy the Trump administration in fact started.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Donald Trump repeated a false claim to reporters Tuesday, wrongly blaming the Obama administration for instituting a policy in which children were separated from their parents at the Southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the one that stopped it,” Trump said. “President Obama had child separation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made the comments during a photo op prior to his meeting with Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked whether the administration was considering reinstating the policy of child separation to curb the number of migrant families crossing the border from Mexico, Trump responded that “We’re not looking to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he seemed to imply it was an effective means of stemming border crossings, and he compared families attempting to cross into the U.S. to visitors to an amusement park. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll tell you something, once you don’t have it that’s why you have many more people coming. They are coming like it’s a picnic, like, ‘Let’s go to Disneyland.’ President Obama separated children. They had child separation; I was the one that changed it,” Trump said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also denied that he is “cleaning house” at the Department of Homeland Security, in light of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/07/710870473/homeland-security-secretary-kirstjen-nielsen-resigns\">the departure of DHS Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/08/711096242/trump-replacing-secret-service-director\">Secret Service Director Randolph “Tex” Alles\u003c/a> this week. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never said I’m cleaning house,” Trump said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s false claim that child separations were carried out by the Obama administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/05/29/615211215/fact-check-are-democrats-responsible-for-dhs-separating-children-from-their-pare\">has been frequently refuted\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Obama administration did not do that, no. We did not separate children from their parents,” former Obama domestic policy adviser Cecilia Muñoz \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/05/29/615079848/following-up-on-1-500-missing-immigrant-children-in-the-u-s\">told NPR in May 2018\u003c/a>. “This is a new decision, a policy decision put in place by the attorney general,” which Muñoz said “puts us in league with the most brutal regimes in the world’s history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions who instituted the “zero tolerance” policy at the Southern border \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/attorney-general-announces-zero-tolerance-policy-criminal-illegal-entry\">in April 2018\u003c/a>, which resulted in children being separated from their parents who were taken into custody for criminal prosecution. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/07/617928318/judge-says-yes-to-lawsuit-challenging-trump-administration-family-separation-pol\">allowed a lawsuit challenging the policy\u003c/a> last June, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/20/621798823/speaker-ryan-plans-immigration-votes-amid-doubts-that-bills-can-pass\">Trump issued an executive order ending it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as NPR’s Domenico Montanaro wrote last year, the Trump administration has been\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/20/621489166/family-separation-is-trumps-immigration-policy-here-s-why-he-won-t-own-it\"> unwilling to take the blame\u003c/a> for the policy of family separations because of the political optics. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FACT+CHECK%3A+Trump+Wrongly+States+Obama+Administration+Had+Child+Separation+Policy&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "As Trump Visits Calexico, Residents Worry About Rising Border Wall Tension",
"title": "As Trump Visits Calexico, Residents Worry About Rising Border Wall Tension",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump is scheduled to visit Calexico, California on Friday to commemorate the completion of what \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/26/661042336/homeland-security-secretary-nielsen-visits-new-border-wall-in-california\">the White House has touted\u003c/a> as the first segment of the president's border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11733635' label='More KQED Immigration Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visit comes a week after the president \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1111653530316746752?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1111653530316746752&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F2019%2F3%2F29%2F18287101%2Ftrump-close-border-us-mexico-tweets\">threatened to shut down the border\u003c/a> as a result of a surge of migrant families crossing in search of asylum. He has since walked back that threat, but uncertainty and nervousness remain in border towns like Calexico that rely on cross-border trade and traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little before 4 on a recent morning, 25-year-old Alexandra Elizabeth Godoy had already been up for three hours. She is one of the hundreds of Mexican citizens who cross the border from Mexicali, Mexico, to Calexico every morning. She picks lettuce at a farm in the Imperial Valley to support her three children, and she was waiting in downtown Calexico for a bus to take her to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she hasn't been following the news, but her friends have been telling her about President \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/04/709933534/trump-walks-back-threat-to-close-u-s-border-giving-mexico-a-1-year-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump's on-again, off-again threats\u003c/a> to close the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have told me, 'What are you going to do if that happens?' And I'm like, 'Oh, I don't know what I'm going to do,' \" Godoy says. \"I have to cross every day. So if he closes it, I'm not going to be able to cross.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a doughnut and coffee shop filled with farmworkers from across the border, 45-year-old Enrique Javier, who has been working in the Imperial Valley for 30 years, says a border closure would be hard not only for farmworkers, but for the entire city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The marketplace would be affected, the taxi companies, the buses, everything would be impacted that works with Mexicans,\" Javier says in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families that straddle the border would also have to make tough decisions. Edgar Godinez, 21, who lives in Heber, Calif., has a 1-year-old son in Mexicali.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't be able to see my son if they do that. I might have to stay in Mexico to stay with my son,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before sunrise, buses take the agricultural workers to fields throughout the Imperial Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"KQED Immigration Stories\" tag=\"immigration\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jack Vessey is a fourth-generation farmer in Holtville, California, about 15 miles north of the border. More than half of his workers cross from Mexico. He says that the threats and the tension along the border are just not good for business — especially in the midst of the cabbage harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"\u003c/strong>It's a region. It's not this fence or this line or this border. It's been there. It's been here for a long, long time. And to see the people passing back and forth — be it families, be it dollars, be it pesos — you know, we live together,\" Vessey says at his family's farm office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vessey acknowledges the need for immigration reform, but he doesn't think a shutdown or even a short-term interruption at the border would be the right way to go about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what we'd do,\" Vessey says. \"It would be very difficult to do what we do on a daily basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of the border, in Mexicali, lots of businesses rely on cross-border traffic coming over from the U.S. In La Chinesca — a Chinese neighborhood in Mexicali — 25-year-old Hernan Gomez runs the BabyBois Barber Shop with a group of friends. The neighborhood was founded by Chinese railroad workers who had been deported from the U.S. because of the Chinese Exclusion Act, and it has been shaped \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/mexicali-chinatown_n_589bcd59e4b09bd304c00a99\">throughout the decades by U.S. and Mexican policies toward immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez's shop is currently undergoing construction, and he feels as if the border shutdown scare could not have come at a worse time for his regular clients, who he'll be relying on to keep him in business through the remodeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it were to close down, they would be affected. It's a barbershop, man. Man likes to stay fresh.\" Gomez said. \"Man, we'd lose customers like that. Sometimes when the wait [at the border] is too long, we lose customers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some border crossings — like those in El Paso — have experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-mexico/trucks-snarled-at-el-paso-border-mexico-says-no-serious-problems-idUSKCN1RF1Y5?il=0\">wait times of up to seven hours to get into the U.S\u003c/a>., because Customs and Border Protection staff have been pulled away to deal with huge numbers of asylum-seeking families arriving on the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico has not had as many asylum-seekers presenting at its port of entry as nearby San Diego, but delays at the border might occur as security ramps up for Trump's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renovated fence is now slatted — the previous one wasn't — and allows border patrol agents to see through it into Mexico. But the barrier itself isn't new to Calexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At least 45 years there's been a fence there. Now they've obviously replaced the fence. It's now higher and so now you can see through it, but the fence has been there for many, many years,\" says Calexico City Manager David Dale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dale insists, though, that what we call that barrier is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's our sister city in Mexicali, so they're like our brothers and sisters there. And so we say it's not a wall, it's a fence,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico is already planning for protesters — including some who will launch a large, inflatable Trump balloon to greet the president's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR.\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump is scheduled to visit Calexico, California on Friday to commemorate the completion of what \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/26/661042336/homeland-security-secretary-nielsen-visits-new-border-wall-in-california\">the White House has touted\u003c/a> as the first segment of the president's border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visit comes a week after the president \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1111653530316746752?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1111653530316746752&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F2019%2F3%2F29%2F18287101%2Ftrump-close-border-us-mexico-tweets\">threatened to shut down the border\u003c/a> as a result of a surge of migrant families crossing in search of asylum. He has since walked back that threat, but uncertainty and nervousness remain in border towns like Calexico that rely on cross-border trade and traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little before 4 on a recent morning, 25-year-old Alexandra Elizabeth Godoy had already been up for three hours. She is one of the hundreds of Mexican citizens who cross the border from Mexicali, Mexico, to Calexico every morning. She picks lettuce at a farm in the Imperial Valley to support her three children, and she was waiting in downtown Calexico for a bus to take her to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she hasn't been following the news, but her friends have been telling her about President \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/04/709933534/trump-walks-back-threat-to-close-u-s-border-giving-mexico-a-1-year-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump's on-again, off-again threats\u003c/a> to close the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have told me, 'What are you going to do if that happens?' And I'm like, 'Oh, I don't know what I'm going to do,' \" Godoy says. \"I have to cross every day. So if he closes it, I'm not going to be able to cross.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a doughnut and coffee shop filled with farmworkers from across the border, 45-year-old Enrique Javier, who has been working in the Imperial Valley for 30 years, says a border closure would be hard not only for farmworkers, but for the entire city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The marketplace would be affected, the taxi companies, the buses, everything would be impacted that works with Mexicans,\" Javier says in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families that straddle the border would also have to make tough decisions. Edgar Godinez, 21, who lives in Heber, Calif., has a 1-year-old son in Mexicali.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't be able to see my son if they do that. I might have to stay in Mexico to stay with my son,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before sunrise, buses take the agricultural workers to fields throughout the Imperial Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jack Vessey is a fourth-generation farmer in Holtville, California, about 15 miles north of the border. More than half of his workers cross from Mexico. He says that the threats and the tension along the border are just not good for business — especially in the midst of the cabbage harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"\u003c/strong>It's a region. It's not this fence or this line or this border. It's been there. It's been here for a long, long time. And to see the people passing back and forth — be it families, be it dollars, be it pesos — you know, we live together,\" Vessey says at his family's farm office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vessey acknowledges the need for immigration reform, but he doesn't think a shutdown or even a short-term interruption at the border would be the right way to go about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what we'd do,\" Vessey says. \"It would be very difficult to do what we do on a daily basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of the border, in Mexicali, lots of businesses rely on cross-border traffic coming over from the U.S. In La Chinesca — a Chinese neighborhood in Mexicali — 25-year-old Hernan Gomez runs the BabyBois Barber Shop with a group of friends. The neighborhood was founded by Chinese railroad workers who had been deported from the U.S. because of the Chinese Exclusion Act, and it has been shaped \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/mexicali-chinatown_n_589bcd59e4b09bd304c00a99\">throughout the decades by U.S. and Mexican policies toward immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez's shop is currently undergoing construction, and he feels as if the border shutdown scare could not have come at a worse time for his regular clients, who he'll be relying on to keep him in business through the remodeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it were to close down, they would be affected. It's a barbershop, man. Man likes to stay fresh.\" Gomez said. \"Man, we'd lose customers like that. Sometimes when the wait [at the border] is too long, we lose customers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some border crossings — like those in El Paso — have experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-mexico/trucks-snarled-at-el-paso-border-mexico-says-no-serious-problems-idUSKCN1RF1Y5?il=0\">wait times of up to seven hours to get into the U.S\u003c/a>., because Customs and Border Protection staff have been pulled away to deal with huge numbers of asylum-seeking families arriving on the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico has not had as many asylum-seekers presenting at its port of entry as nearby San Diego, but delays at the border might occur as security ramps up for Trump's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renovated fence is now slatted — the previous one wasn't — and allows border patrol agents to see through it into Mexico. But the barrier itself isn't new to Calexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At least 45 years there's been a fence there. Now they've obviously replaced the fence. It's now higher and so now you can see through it, but the fence has been there for many, many years,\" says Calexico City Manager David Dale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dale insists, though, that what we call that barrier is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's our sister city in Mexicali, so they're like our brothers and sisters there. And so we say it's not a wall, it's a fence,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico is already planning for protesters — including some who will launch a large, inflatable Trump balloon to greet the president's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR.\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump is backing down from his threat to shut down the U.S. Southern border as soon as this week. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had issued the warning in a bid to curtail surging border crossings by asylum seekers from Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The Latest From the Border\" tag=\"border-wall\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Trump is now giving Mexico \"a one-year warning\" to address his concerns about its handling of immigrants traveling through the country on the way to the United States. He also demanded that Mexico tamp down on the flow of drugs. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Mexican government doesn't respond in a manner acceptable to Trump within 12 months, he says, he will take action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mexico understands that we're going to close the border or I'm going to tariff the cars — one or the other,\" Trump said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he would likely start off with the auto tariffs, saying that would be a \"very powerful incentive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's warning about shutting down the border had been met with intense resistance from Republicans and some business groups, who warned there would be severe \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/02/708999622/southern-border-closure-would-have-consequences-for-u-s-economy\">economic consequences\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump has walked back his plan to close the border, Democrats in the House of Representatives are moving against another immigration policy put forward by Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi has announced the House will sue to block Trump's decision to declare a national emergency in order to construct a wall on the Southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The President's sham emergency declaration and unlawful transfers of funds have undermined our democracy, contravening the vote of the bipartisan Congress, the will of the American people and the letter of the Constitution,\" Pelosi said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has argued that the situation at the border is a crisis and that the president is acting within his legal authority. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Walks+Back+Threat+To+Close+U.S.+Border%2C+Giving+Mexico+A+%271-Year+Warning%27+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Social Security Administration may be the latest front in the Trump administration’s crackdown on illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency is reviving the controversial practice of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssa.gov/employer/notices.html\">sending “no match” letters\u003c/a> to businesses across the country, notifying them when an employee’s Social Security number doesn’t match up with official records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5784068-EmployerCorrectionRequest.html\" responsive=true height=800]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may sound innocuous. But these no-match letters are expected to set off alarm bells. That’s what happened when they arrived in the mail back in the mid-2000s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a scare tactic,” said Julie Pace, an employment lawyer at the Cavanagh Law Firm in Phoenix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, as now, the federal government was trying to crack down on unauthorized workers. Pace understands the need to keep accurate records. But she thinks these letters were also intended to threaten employers who might have undocumented workers on the payroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like the very old school formal government letter that scared you,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of reasons someone’s Social Security number might not match: name changes or clerical errors, for example. But it can also mean that a worker is using a fake Social Security number. And when an employer gets one of these letters, it has to ask the worker to fix the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the federal government who is now questioning something, and we’re being the delivery boy so to speak in giving the message,” said Gary Gitlin, an in-house lawyer for Pro’s Ranch Market, a chain of grocery stores in Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to let a lot of people go” when his company got no-match letters in the past, Gitlin said, “because either they were not able to reconcile the no-match or simply refused to deal with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor unions and immigrant advocates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14887175\">took the issue to court\u003c/a> in the mid-2000s. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce complained that the government was trying to turn businesses into “\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Judge-blocks-effort-to-use-no-match-letters-to-2497844.php\">immigration cops\u003c/a>.” Eventually, the Obama administration stopped sending these letters in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Immigration Crackdown in California\" tag=\"immigration\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, they’re back. And so is the controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part and parcel of an anti-immigrant agenda by the Trump administration,” said Marielena Hincapié, the executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Immigration Law Center\u003c/a>. “This fits squarely within its overall strategy of instilling fear and chaos among immigrant workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Social Security Administration insists it is trying to improve the accuracy of its records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we cannot match the name and SSN reported on a W-2 to our records, we cannot credit earnings to a worker’s record,” said spokesman Mark Hinkle in a written statement. “When earnings are missing, the worker may not qualify for Social Security benefits he or she is due or the benefit amount may be incorrect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency declined an interview request. Its written statement doesn’t mention immigration at all. But immigration hard-liners say they are glad to see no-match letters return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If an employee is using a stolen Social Security number, we think it’s important for relevant people to know,” said Dan Stein, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://fairus.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federation for American Immigration Reform\u003c/a>, which advocates for lower levels of immigration. Stein says he has no sympathy for undocumented immigrants who are using fake Social Security numbers to work or for employers who have been looking the other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Illegal immigration is ultimately everybody’s problem,” Stein said. “And one of the reasons why we’ve seen it blow out of control in the last 30-some years is because employers have not been willing to do their fair share in ensuring that American jobs go to American workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But employers say it’s not their job to enforce immigration laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very fine line for employers to walk and not get in trouble on either side of the line,” said Pace, the lawyer. “That’s the catch-22 that you sometimes see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When no-match letters went out before, Pace asked for guidance from immigration authorities and from Justice Department lawyers, she says. And she got two different answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities said employers should look at these letters as evidence that their employees are undocumented. But the Justice Department said not so fast: If you fire a worker based just on this letter, that could be discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I would get both agencies on the phone at once so they could try to get on the same page with direction on that,” Pace said. “Because they gave different direction from each agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, the Social Security Administration has changed the wording on no-match letters to clearly say this is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> about immigration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>IMPORTANT: This letter does not imply that you or your employee intentionally gave the government wrong information about the employee’s name or SSN. This letter does not address your employee’s work authorization or immigration status. You should not use this letter to take any adverse action against an employee, such as laying off, suspending, firing, or discriminating against that individual, just because his or her SSN or name does not match our records. Any of those actions could, in fact, violate State or Federal law and subject you to legal consequences.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Still, Pace has a feeling that some employers will overreact anyway. She has seen it happen before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Latest+Immigration+Crackdown+May+Be+Fake+Social+Security+Numbers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Social Security Administration may be the latest front in the Trump administration’s crackdown on illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency is reviving the controversial practice of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssa.gov/employer/notices.html\">sending “no match” letters\u003c/a> to businesses across the country, notifying them when an employee’s Social Security number doesn’t match up with official records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may sound innocuous. But these no-match letters are expected to set off alarm bells. That’s what happened when they arrived in the mail back in the mid-2000s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a scare tactic,” said Julie Pace, an employment lawyer at the Cavanagh Law Firm in Phoenix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, as now, the federal government was trying to crack down on unauthorized workers. Pace understands the need to keep accurate records. But she thinks these letters were also intended to threaten employers who might have undocumented workers on the payroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like the very old school formal government letter that scared you,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of reasons someone’s Social Security number might not match: name changes or clerical errors, for example. But it can also mean that a worker is using a fake Social Security number. And when an employer gets one of these letters, it has to ask the worker to fix the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the federal government who is now questioning something, and we’re being the delivery boy so to speak in giving the message,” said Gary Gitlin, an in-house lawyer for Pro’s Ranch Market, a chain of grocery stores in Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to let a lot of people go” when his company got no-match letters in the past, Gitlin said, “because either they were not able to reconcile the no-match or simply refused to deal with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor unions and immigrant advocates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14887175\">took the issue to court\u003c/a> in the mid-2000s. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce complained that the government was trying to turn businesses into “\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Judge-blocks-effort-to-use-no-match-letters-to-2497844.php\">immigration cops\u003c/a>.” Eventually, the Obama administration stopped sending these letters in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, they’re back. And so is the controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part and parcel of an anti-immigrant agenda by the Trump administration,” said Marielena Hincapié, the executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Immigration Law Center\u003c/a>. “This fits squarely within its overall strategy of instilling fear and chaos among immigrant workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Social Security Administration insists it is trying to improve the accuracy of its records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we cannot match the name and SSN reported on a W-2 to our records, we cannot credit earnings to a worker’s record,” said spokesman Mark Hinkle in a written statement. “When earnings are missing, the worker may not qualify for Social Security benefits he or she is due or the benefit amount may be incorrect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency declined an interview request. Its written statement doesn’t mention immigration at all. But immigration hard-liners say they are glad to see no-match letters return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If an employee is using a stolen Social Security number, we think it’s important for relevant people to know,” said Dan Stein, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://fairus.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federation for American Immigration Reform\u003c/a>, which advocates for lower levels of immigration. Stein says he has no sympathy for undocumented immigrants who are using fake Social Security numbers to work or for employers who have been looking the other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Illegal immigration is ultimately everybody’s problem,” Stein said. “And one of the reasons why we’ve seen it blow out of control in the last 30-some years is because employers have not been willing to do their fair share in ensuring that American jobs go to American workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But employers say it’s not their job to enforce immigration laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very fine line for employers to walk and not get in trouble on either side of the line,” said Pace, the lawyer. “That’s the catch-22 that you sometimes see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When no-match letters went out before, Pace asked for guidance from immigration authorities and from Justice Department lawyers, she says. And she got two different answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities said employers should look at these letters as evidence that their employees are undocumented. But the Justice Department said not so fast: If you fire a worker based just on this letter, that could be discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I would get both agencies on the phone at once so they could try to get on the same page with direction on that,” Pace said. “Because they gave different direction from each agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, the Social Security Administration has changed the wording on no-match letters to clearly say this is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> about immigration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>IMPORTANT: This letter does not imply that you or your employee intentionally gave the government wrong information about the employee’s name or SSN. This letter does not address your employee’s work authorization or immigration status. You should not use this letter to take any adverse action against an employee, such as laying off, suspending, firing, or discriminating against that individual, just because his or her SSN or name does not match our records. Any of those actions could, in fact, violate State or Federal law and subject you to legal consequences.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Still, Pace has a feeling that some employers will overreact anyway. She has seen it happen before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Latest+Immigration+Crackdown+May+Be+Fake+Social+Security+Numbers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Immigration System at 'Breaking Point,' Homeland Security Official Says",
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"content": "\u003cp>Immigration authorities are expressing alarm about the growing number of migrants crossing the southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='border-crossings' label='KQED coverage of the border']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal agents apprehended more than 4,000 migrants crossing the border on each of two days this week — the highest daily total recorded in 15 years, a senior official with Customs and Border Protection said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The breaking point has arrived,\" CBP Commissioner Kevin McAleenan \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/speeches-and-statements/el-paso-press-conference-transcript\">said\u003c/a> in El Paso, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"CBP is facing an unprecedented humanitarian and border security crisis all along our Southwest border — and nowhere has that crisis manifested more acutely than here in El Paso,\" McAleenan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the weather warms up, immigration authorities warn that the flow of migrants crossing the border will continue to grow, possibly reaching as high as 150,000 per month. Federal agents are on pace to apprehend or encounter more than 100,000 migrants in March — the largest monthly total in more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP will reluctantly begin releasing more migrant families with a notice to appear in immigration court, McAleenan said, instead of first handing them over to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for processing and detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP already had begun \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/20/705341748/border-patrol-starts-releasing-asylum-seeking-migrants-to-south-texas-streets\">releasing some recently apprehended migrants\u003c/a> to the streets of cities in the Rio Grande Valley. Senior border officials say they are prepared to extend that practice to other cities such as San Diego; Yuma, Arizona; and Del Rio and El Paso, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of these migrants are families and children fleeing violence and poverty in Central America. McAleenan said they are straining the resources of border patrol facilities, which were designed primarily for single men and are far beyond their official capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='immigration' label='KQED coverage of immigration']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are doing everything we can to simply avoid a tragedy,\" McAleenan said. \"But with these numbers, with the types of illnesses we're seeing at the border, I fear that it's just a matter of time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP has stepped up medical care for migrants since two children died in custody in December. But McAleenan said efforts to provide that medical attention have diverted border patrol agents from their security duties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our expanded medical checks and concerted efforts are saving lives,\" McAleenan said. \"But they have a high cost to our enforcement mission.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, McAleenan said, CBP is redirecting 750 blue-uniformed agents who work at ports of entry to help the Border Patrol with the care and custody of migrants. McAleenan warned that could lead to longer wait times at ports of entry on the U.S.-Mexico border, but said \"this is required to help us manage this operational crisis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McAleenan spoke in El Paso, which has become \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/26/706583199/a-surge-of-migrants-strains-border-patrol-as-el-paso-becomes-latest-hot-spot\">the latest hot spot for migrant crossings in recent months\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no questioning why this is happening,\" McAleenan said. \"The increase in family units is a direct response to the vulnerabilities in our legal framework, where migrants and smugglers know that they will be released and allowed to stay in the U.S. indefinitely pending immigration proceedings that could be many years out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But immigrant advocates dispute that. They note that migrants have a legal right to seek asylum once they're in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the Trump administration has been too focused on deterring migrants from coming and has not allocated enough resources for humanitarian aid or adjudicating the migrants' asylum claims quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Trump administration's response to the multidimensional refugee and migration challenge posed by deteriorating conditions in Central America is one-dimensional,\" said Frank Sharry, director of America's Voice. \"No wonder their simplistic and futile strategy has failed so miserably.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/21/705620835/with-thousands-of-migrants-crossing-the-border-daily-we-asked-why-now\">several reasons the number of migrants has grown\u003c/a> in recent months — including the reach of social media, lower smuggling costs and unintended consequences of the Trump administration's crackdown on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>John Burnett contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Immigration authorities are expressing alarm about the growing number of migrants crossing the southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal agents apprehended more than 4,000 migrants crossing the border on each of two days this week — the highest daily total recorded in 15 years, a senior official with Customs and Border Protection said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The breaking point has arrived,\" CBP Commissioner Kevin McAleenan \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/speeches-and-statements/el-paso-press-conference-transcript\">said\u003c/a> in El Paso, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"CBP is facing an unprecedented humanitarian and border security crisis all along our Southwest border — and nowhere has that crisis manifested more acutely than here in El Paso,\" McAleenan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the weather warms up, immigration authorities warn that the flow of migrants crossing the border will continue to grow, possibly reaching as high as 150,000 per month. Federal agents are on pace to apprehend or encounter more than 100,000 migrants in March — the largest monthly total in more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP will reluctantly begin releasing more migrant families with a notice to appear in immigration court, McAleenan said, instead of first handing them over to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement for processing and detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP already had begun \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/20/705341748/border-patrol-starts-releasing-asylum-seeking-migrants-to-south-texas-streets\">releasing some recently apprehended migrants\u003c/a> to the streets of cities in the Rio Grande Valley. Senior border officials say they are prepared to extend that practice to other cities such as San Diego; Yuma, Arizona; and Del Rio and El Paso, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of these migrants are families and children fleeing violence and poverty in Central America. McAleenan said they are straining the resources of border patrol facilities, which were designed primarily for single men and are far beyond their official capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are doing everything we can to simply avoid a tragedy,\" McAleenan said. \"But with these numbers, with the types of illnesses we're seeing at the border, I fear that it's just a matter of time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP has stepped up medical care for migrants since two children died in custody in December. But McAleenan said efforts to provide that medical attention have diverted border patrol agents from their security duties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our expanded medical checks and concerted efforts are saving lives,\" McAleenan said. \"But they have a high cost to our enforcement mission.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, McAleenan said, CBP is redirecting 750 blue-uniformed agents who work at ports of entry to help the Border Patrol with the care and custody of migrants. McAleenan warned that could lead to longer wait times at ports of entry on the U.S.-Mexico border, but said \"this is required to help us manage this operational crisis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McAleenan spoke in El Paso, which has become \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/26/706583199/a-surge-of-migrants-strains-border-patrol-as-el-paso-becomes-latest-hot-spot\">the latest hot spot for migrant crossings in recent months\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no questioning why this is happening,\" McAleenan said. \"The increase in family units is a direct response to the vulnerabilities in our legal framework, where migrants and smugglers know that they will be released and allowed to stay in the U.S. indefinitely pending immigration proceedings that could be many years out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But immigrant advocates dispute that. They note that migrants have a legal right to seek asylum once they're in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the Trump administration has been too focused on deterring migrants from coming and has not allocated enough resources for humanitarian aid or adjudicating the migrants' asylum claims quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Trump administration's response to the multidimensional refugee and migration challenge posed by deteriorating conditions in Central America is one-dimensional,\" said Frank Sharry, director of America's Voice. \"No wonder their simplistic and futile strategy has failed so miserably.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/21/705620835/with-thousands-of-migrants-crossing-the-border-daily-we-asked-why-now\">several reasons the number of migrants has grown\u003c/a> in recent months — including the reach of social media, lower smuggling costs and unintended consequences of the Trump administration's crackdown on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>John Burnett contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"radiolab": {
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"reveal": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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