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"disqusTitle": "For the First Time, the Postal Service Features Mariachi Musicians on Stamps",
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"content": "\u003cp>When the Postal Service asked Rafael López to design a commemorative stamp representing Latin American culture in the United States, he knew exactly what to show: a mariachi band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he knew just one stamp was not going to be enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The contribution of mariachi music is huge. We cannot just recognize it with one stamp. We need to create at least a series of five,\" the Mexican American artist told NPR at the launch this month in the Smithsonian's National Postal Museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So I went back to the director and I said, what if we actually have five different musicians? You can't fit five of them in one little step. I don't think that's enough honor, you know, to mariachi music.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the first time a mariachi band is featured on U.S. stamps, according to the Postal Museum. And for some in the Latino community, it's recognition of how their heritage and culture are part of the American fabric. López himself splits his time between San Miguel de Allende in Mexico and San Diego, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922681\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11922681\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a black hat and bowling shirt poses in front of a wall that reads National Postal Museum\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1090\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85-800x545.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85-1020x695.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85-1536x1046.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López stops under the museum marquee while taking a tour before the launch event. \u003ccite>(Gabriel J. Sánchez/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He used his upbringing in Mexico City as part of the inspiration for the stamps, especially the band members and the vibrant colors that fill the stamps, which have \u003ca href=\"https://about.usps.com/newsroom/national-releases/2022/0715-usps-issues-new-mariachi-forever-stamps.htm\">an initial print of 18 million sets\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López said he wanted to put the focus on the features of the characters depicted on the stamps, leaving a nondescript background with the pastel-colored homes of Mexican antiquity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/1116953193/1117385540\" width=\"100%\" height=\"240\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The background is very simple. It just resembles some kind of a Mexican town,\" he said. \"But if you see it very closely, it's just like color shapes. And I wanted to pay focus on the actual expression of the singers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The features López focused on were more passionate expressions made by those musicians at the height of their harmony. The faces of the band members compete for space on the stamps with their uniforms and instruments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're beautiful uniforms, those Charro outfits,\" López said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11922682\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"a man holds a sheet of postage stamps\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1219\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85-800x610.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85-1020x777.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85-160x122.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85-1536x1170.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López signs a set of stamps at the museum. \u003ccite>(Gabriel J. Sánchez/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The centerpiece is the leader of the group, a violinist holding her instrument in her left hand and her sombrero in the right as she belts out her operatic ballads. López set that up by design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I love when a female mariachi singers are out there. I also wanted it to be center stage, and I just wanted also to have a little bit of variety, you know, that you can tell that not only is she very talented with the violin, but she can also put it down and just belt away a great song.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The creative process was not quick\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It took two years of development before the set launched. Each stamp is priced at 60 cents and will carry on a cultural legacy forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The depictions of the band members comes from a long list of approved models, images and illustrations provided by the Postal Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when one of the models became unavailable, López used his nephew's face to create the musician holding the vihuela — a stringed instrument that resembles a guitar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I said, ask your brother to take photos of different angles of your face and you pretend to be playing the violin,\" López said. \"And after about 30 or 40 photos, I picked the best one.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922684\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11922684\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"a sheet of postage stamps featuring mariachi musicians\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85-800x740.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85-1020x944.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85-160x148.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85-1536x1421.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López points to a set of his mariachi stamps. \u003ccite>(Gabriel J. Sánchez/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Mariachi comes to life at the museum\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>López was not the only artist at the launch event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cañas y su Mariachi de Oro filled the museum's halls with music, entertaining visitors and volunteers. The five-piece band, based in Northern Virginia, played favorite pieces like \"Cielito Lindo\" and \"El Mariachi Loco Quiere Bailar,\" but the crowd of mostly families were wowed when the \u003cem>Pajaritos a Bailar\u003c/em> slowly transitioned to a rendition of \"Baby Shark.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11922686\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"a five-person mariachi band poses in a museum\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1199\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85-1020x764.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85-1536x1151.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of Cañas y su Mariachi de Oro prepare to play for the crowd at the museum. \u003ccite>(Gabriel J. Sánchez/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/1116953193/1117276187\" width=\"100%\" height=\"240\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José Cañas, the guitarist and lead singer of the group, told NPR he's happy to see a band like his on U.S. stamps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Es un honor para nosotros,\" he said. \u003cem>It's an honor for us.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López said rhythms and beats of the music — playing in an institution of American history — are key to a great mariachi sound anyone can enjoy, regardless of whether they understand Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before you know it, everybody's celebrating life and patting each other in the back. So there's that universal quality that the mariachi music has that you just can't help but feel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Artist Rafael López used his upbringing in Mexico City for inspiration. It took two years of development before the set launched, and each stamp will carry on a cultural legacy forever.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When the Postal Service asked Rafael López to design a commemorative stamp representing Latin American culture in the United States, he knew exactly what to show: a mariachi band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he knew just one stamp was not going to be enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The contribution of mariachi music is huge. We cannot just recognize it with one stamp. We need to create at least a series of five,\" the Mexican American artist told NPR at the launch this month in the Smithsonian's National Postal Museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So I went back to the director and I said, what if we actually have five different musicians? You can't fit five of them in one little step. I don't think that's enough honor, you know, to mariachi music.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the first time a mariachi band is featured on U.S. stamps, according to the Postal Museum. And for some in the Latino community, it's recognition of how their heritage and culture are part of the American fabric. López himself splits his time between San Miguel de Allende in Mexico and San Diego, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922681\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11922681\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a black hat and bowling shirt poses in front of a wall that reads National Postal Museum\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1090\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85-800x545.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85-1020x695.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1576_custom-1fe308c1508f8998a34b3e2f2e2b580184e33c86-s1600-c85-1536x1046.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López stops under the museum marquee while taking a tour before the launch event. \u003ccite>(Gabriel J. Sánchez/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He used his upbringing in Mexico City as part of the inspiration for the stamps, especially the band members and the vibrant colors that fill the stamps, which have \u003ca href=\"https://about.usps.com/newsroom/national-releases/2022/0715-usps-issues-new-mariachi-forever-stamps.htm\">an initial print of 18 million sets\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López said he wanted to put the focus on the features of the characters depicted on the stamps, leaving a nondescript background with the pastel-colored homes of Mexican antiquity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/1116953193/1117385540\" width=\"100%\" height=\"240\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The background is very simple. It just resembles some kind of a Mexican town,\" he said. \"But if you see it very closely, it's just like color shapes. And I wanted to pay focus on the actual expression of the singers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The features López focused on were more passionate expressions made by those musicians at the height of their harmony. The faces of the band members compete for space on the stamps with their uniforms and instruments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're beautiful uniforms, those Charro outfits,\" López said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11922682\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"a man holds a sheet of postage stamps\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1219\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85-800x610.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85-1020x777.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85-160x122.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/img_1606_custom-db9007e7b78fa022c60f78b74cb61937dcaa861e-s1600-c85-1536x1170.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López signs a set of stamps at the museum. \u003ccite>(Gabriel J. Sánchez/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The centerpiece is the leader of the group, a violinist holding her instrument in her left hand and her sombrero in the right as she belts out her operatic ballads. López set that up by design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I love when a female mariachi singers are out there. I also wanted it to be center stage, and I just wanted also to have a little bit of variety, you know, that you can tell that not only is she very talented with the violin, but she can also put it down and just belt away a great song.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The creative process was not quick\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It took two years of development before the set launched. Each stamp is priced at 60 cents and will carry on a cultural legacy forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The depictions of the band members comes from a long list of approved models, images and illustrations provided by the Postal Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when one of the models became unavailable, López used his nephew's face to create the musician holding the vihuela — a stringed instrument that resembles a guitar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I said, ask your brother to take photos of different angles of your face and you pretend to be playing the violin,\" López said. \"And after about 30 or 40 photos, I picked the best one.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922684\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11922684\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"a sheet of postage stamps featuring mariachi musicians\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85-800x740.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85-1020x944.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85-160x148.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/mariachi-stamps-gabriel-sanchez2_custom-95542dcb991e67ca20f462fb9209c1a13a747f96-s1600-c85-1536x1421.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López points to a set of his mariachi stamps. \u003ccite>(Gabriel J. Sánchez/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Mariachi comes to life at the museum\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>López was not the only artist at the launch event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cañas y su Mariachi de Oro filled the museum's halls with music, entertaining visitors and volunteers. The five-piece band, based in Northern Virginia, played favorite pieces like \"Cielito Lindo\" and \"El Mariachi Loco Quiere Bailar,\" but the crowd of mostly families were wowed when the \u003cem>Pajaritos a Bailar\u003c/em> slowly transitioned to a rendition of \"Baby Shark.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11922686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11922686\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"a five-person mariachi band poses in a museum\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1199\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85-1020x764.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/MARIACHISTAMPS_custom-2db32d761f8301399fba8ebe8c3fb121f15ba159-s1600-c85-1536x1151.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of Cañas y su Mariachi de Oro prepare to play for the crowd at the museum. \u003ccite>(Gabriel J. Sánchez/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/1116953193/1117276187\" width=\"100%\" height=\"240\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José Cañas, the guitarist and lead singer of the group, told NPR he's happy to see a band like his on U.S. stamps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Es un honor para nosotros,\" he said. \u003cem>It's an honor for us.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López said rhythms and beats of the music — playing in an institution of American history — are key to a great mariachi sound anyone can enjoy, regardless of whether they understand Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Before you know it, everybody's celebrating life and patting each other in the back. So there's that universal quality that the mariachi music has that you just can't help but feel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "3-ways-the-inflation-reduction-act-would-pay-you-to-help-fight-climate-change",
"title": "3 Ways the Inflation Reduction Act Would Pay You to Help Fight Climate Change",
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"headTitle": "3 Ways the Inflation Reduction Act Would Pay You to Help Fight Climate Change | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Money in the\u003ca href=\"https://www.democrats.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/inflation_reduction_act_of_2022.pdf\"> Inflation Reduction Act\u003c/a> would make it cheaper for Americans to curb their own climate-warming emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most of the bill’s climate benefits would come from incentivizing major shifts, such as building more wind and solar power, individual choices can add up when undertaken on a large scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what you need to know about three ways the bill would pay consumers to make greener choices if it passes the House of Representatives, as expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Money for efficient electric appliances — and the home upgrades needed to support them\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first home benefit Americans would see is a tax credit for energy efficiency upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Inflation Reduction Act calls for reviving a credit that ended last year, making it retroactive for all of 2022 and extending it for more than a decade. Homeowners who front the cost of energy efficiency improvements, from new doors and windows to more efficient appliances, would be able to claim up to $1,200 a year or 30% of the total cost at tax time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Down the road, the bill would also set aside more than $8 billion for two rebate programs, aimed at lower- and middle-income households. One would incentivize replacing old appliances with new energy-efficient ones, as well as the home upgrades necessary to support them; and the other, to cut down on energy wasted at home. But those will take time to set up because states must apply for the money and set up systems to implement the rebates, according to Lowell Ungar, director of federal policy with the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE), a nonprofit research organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once that happens, the language in the bill allows for the rebates to take effect at the point of sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rebate actually means a discount,” says Jamal Lewis, director of Policy Partnerships and Equitable Electrification at Rewiring America. Buyers who make 80% or less of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/il.html\"> area median income\u003c/a> can access the most money, while those making up to 150% of area median income see a smaller benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rebates are:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Up to $1,750 for a heat pump water heater.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $8,000 for a heat pump for space heating or cooling.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $840 for an electric stove, cooktop, range, or oven; or an electric heat pump clothes dryer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $4,000 for a breaker box upgrade.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $1,600 for insulation, air sealing, and ventilation.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $2,500 for electric wiring.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Once installed, certain appliances like heat pumps are also cheaper to run in most of the United States, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aceee.org/press-release/2022/07/analysis-electric-heat-pumps-offer-cheapest-clean-heating-option-most-us\">according to ACEEE\u003c/a>. Electric appliances, unlike fossil-fuel-powered ones, can also switch to run on renewable energy as more wind and solar power are added to the grid. Simply put, “it’s a cleaner, better approach” to home energy, Ungar says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"science_1978640,science_1978423,news_11921266\"]The Act would also create a second rebate program, which would pay households between $2,000 and $8,000 for undertaking holistic upgrades such as new insulation or air sealing, which significantly lower their energy waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Money for residential solar panels and energy storage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For homeowners looking to capture renewable energy themselves, the Act would bulk up existing tax credits for residential solar and as well home energy storage systems, basically giant batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taken together, these measures would reduce a building’s draw on the electric grid during peak use, for example, when everyone is running their air conditioners during a heat wave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really strengthens the grid for everybody,” says Abigail Ross Hopper, president of the Solar Energy Industries Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeowners could get up to 30% of the cost of home solar back at tax time, retroactive to the beginning of 2022 and running through 2032, with the amount tapering until the end of 2034. The same incentive would apply to storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Electric vehicle tax credits aims to help low- and middle-income buyers, but excludes many vehicles\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Experts say the bill’s electric vehicle tax credits — up to $7,500 for a new EV and $4,000 for a used one — are a mixed bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some measures would democratize who can buy an EV, according to John Helveston, an assistant professor at George Washington University who studies EV markets. Eligible buyers can’t make more than $300,000/year on a jointly filed tax return when claiming the credit for a new EV, and the money cannot apply to a car that sells for more than $55,000, or truck/SUV/van priced higher than $80,000, a step that excludes luxury vehicles from the tax credit scheme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s steering everything towards making more affordable, more accessible EVs for the mass market. And that’s the direction we need to be going,” says Helveston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The credits could also be transferred to car dealers, in order to apply at the time of sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But half of the tax credit amount is tied to gradually increasing requirements that critical minerals used to make EV batteries come from North America or the U.S.’s free trade partners, something manufacturers say is difficult if not impossible right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we work to unlock supplies of critical minerals and ramp up battery production at home, we can’t currently meet the demand for these materials on our own,” wrote John Bozzella, president and CEO of the Alliance for Automotive Innovation, in a\u003ca href=\"https://www.autosinnovate.org/posts/press-release/auto-innovators-statement-on-inflation-reduction-act\"> statement\u003c/a> on the Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His group estimated that the language in the bill would exclude many models from qualifying, and that\u003ca href=\"https://www.autosinnovate.org/posts/blog/what-if-no-evs-qualify-for-the-ev-tax-credit\"> none could qualify for the full $7,500\u003c/a> once the mineral requirements kick in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, consumers should not despair, says Helveston, since the other half of the tax credit should be accessible for at least some vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not all or nothing,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=3+ways+the+Inflation+Reduction+Act+would+pay+you+to+help+fight+climate+change&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Some of the Act's $369 billion in energy and climate spending aims to make it easier and cheaper for Americans to live more sustainably. ",
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"title": "3 Ways the Inflation Reduction Act Would Pay You to Help Fight Climate Change | KQED",
"description": "Some of the Act's $369 billion in energy and climate spending aims to make it easier and cheaper for Americans to live more sustainably. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Money in the\u003ca href=\"https://www.democrats.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/inflation_reduction_act_of_2022.pdf\"> Inflation Reduction Act\u003c/a> would make it cheaper for Americans to curb their own climate-warming emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most of the bill’s climate benefits would come from incentivizing major shifts, such as building more wind and solar power, individual choices can add up when undertaken on a large scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what you need to know about three ways the bill would pay consumers to make greener choices if it passes the House of Representatives, as expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Money for efficient electric appliances — and the home upgrades needed to support them\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first home benefit Americans would see is a tax credit for energy efficiency upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Inflation Reduction Act calls for reviving a credit that ended last year, making it retroactive for all of 2022 and extending it for more than a decade. Homeowners who front the cost of energy efficiency improvements, from new doors and windows to more efficient appliances, would be able to claim up to $1,200 a year or 30% of the total cost at tax time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Down the road, the bill would also set aside more than $8 billion for two rebate programs, aimed at lower- and middle-income households. One would incentivize replacing old appliances with new energy-efficient ones, as well as the home upgrades necessary to support them; and the other, to cut down on energy wasted at home. But those will take time to set up because states must apply for the money and set up systems to implement the rebates, according to Lowell Ungar, director of federal policy with the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE), a nonprofit research organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once that happens, the language in the bill allows for the rebates to take effect at the point of sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rebate actually means a discount,” says Jamal Lewis, director of Policy Partnerships and Equitable Electrification at Rewiring America. Buyers who make 80% or less of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/il.html\"> area median income\u003c/a> can access the most money, while those making up to 150% of area median income see a smaller benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rebates are:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Up to $1,750 for a heat pump water heater.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $8,000 for a heat pump for space heating or cooling.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $840 for an electric stove, cooktop, range, or oven; or an electric heat pump clothes dryer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $4,000 for a breaker box upgrade.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $1,600 for insulation, air sealing, and ventilation.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Up to $2,500 for electric wiring.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Once installed, certain appliances like heat pumps are also cheaper to run in most of the United States, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aceee.org/press-release/2022/07/analysis-electric-heat-pumps-offer-cheapest-clean-heating-option-most-us\">according to ACEEE\u003c/a>. Electric appliances, unlike fossil-fuel-powered ones, can also switch to run on renewable energy as more wind and solar power are added to the grid. Simply put, “it’s a cleaner, better approach” to home energy, Ungar says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Act would also create a second rebate program, which would pay households between $2,000 and $8,000 for undertaking holistic upgrades such as new insulation or air sealing, which significantly lower their energy waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Money for residential solar panels and energy storage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For homeowners looking to capture renewable energy themselves, the Act would bulk up existing tax credits for residential solar and as well home energy storage systems, basically giant batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taken together, these measures would reduce a building’s draw on the electric grid during peak use, for example, when everyone is running their air conditioners during a heat wave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really strengthens the grid for everybody,” says Abigail Ross Hopper, president of the Solar Energy Industries Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeowners could get up to 30% of the cost of home solar back at tax time, retroactive to the beginning of 2022 and running through 2032, with the amount tapering until the end of 2034. The same incentive would apply to storage.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Electric vehicle tax credits aims to help low- and middle-income buyers, but excludes many vehicles\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Experts say the bill’s electric vehicle tax credits — up to $7,500 for a new EV and $4,000 for a used one — are a mixed bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some measures would democratize who can buy an EV, according to John Helveston, an assistant professor at George Washington University who studies EV markets. Eligible buyers can’t make more than $300,000/year on a jointly filed tax return when claiming the credit for a new EV, and the money cannot apply to a car that sells for more than $55,000, or truck/SUV/van priced higher than $80,000, a step that excludes luxury vehicles from the tax credit scheme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s steering everything towards making more affordable, more accessible EVs for the mass market. And that’s the direction we need to be going,” says Helveston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The credits could also be transferred to car dealers, in order to apply at the time of sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But half of the tax credit amount is tied to gradually increasing requirements that critical minerals used to make EV batteries come from North America or the U.S.’s free trade partners, something manufacturers say is difficult if not impossible right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we work to unlock supplies of critical minerals and ramp up battery production at home, we can’t currently meet the demand for these materials on our own,” wrote John Bozzella, president and CEO of the Alliance for Automotive Innovation, in a\u003ca href=\"https://www.autosinnovate.org/posts/press-release/auto-innovators-statement-on-inflation-reduction-act\"> statement\u003c/a> on the Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His group estimated that the language in the bill would exclude many models from qualifying, and that\u003ca href=\"https://www.autosinnovate.org/posts/blog/what-if-no-evs-qualify-for-the-ev-tax-credit\"> none could qualify for the full $7,500\u003c/a> once the mineral requirements kick in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, consumers should not despair, says Helveston, since the other half of the tax credit should be accessible for at least some vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not all or nothing,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=3+ways+the+Inflation+Reduction+Act+would+pay+you+to+help+fight+climate+change&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Pelosi Has Landed in Taiwan. Here's Why That's a Big Deal",
"title": "Pelosi Has Landed in Taiwan. Here's Why That's a Big Deal",
"headTitle": "NPR | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cstrong>Updated August 2, 2022 at 11:19 AM ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, a San Francisco Democrat, landed in Taiwan late Tuesday evening local time, and she is expected to meet members of Taiwan's Legislature and President Tsai Ing-wen on Wednesday, according to a source familiar with planning for her visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The highly-anticipated stop has faced stark warnings from China, in turn worrying the White House that it could trigger a crisis in the Taiwan Strait and worsen already tense U.S.-China relations. China sent two Su-35 fighter jets across the Taiwan strait ahead of Pelosi's arrival, according to state broadcaster CCTV, and the spokeswoman for China's foreign ministry said on Twitter, \"The US & Taiwan have made provocations together first, whereas China has been compelled to act in self-defense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visit was not announced in advance, and it comes as part of Pelosi's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/01/1114818421/pelosi-begins-asia-tour-in-singapore-with-no-official-word-if-shell-visit-taiwan\">tour of Asia\u003c/a>, including Singapore, Malaysia, Japan and South Korea, where she has been leading a small congressional delegation. She is the highest-ranking elected American official to visit Taiwan since then-Speaker Newt Gingrich in 1997. The source familiar with planning for Pelosi's visit says she will be given an award by Taiwan's president and visit a museum before departing on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The island democracy governs itself, but China claims it as its territory. Rumors of Pelosi's visit launched a geopolitical firestorm amid escalating tensions between the U.S. and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Taiwanese government has operated separately from the mainland since nationalists fled there after losing the civil war to communists in 1949. Thirty years later, the U.S. switched diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing, adopting what's known as the \"One China\" policy, in which Washington acknowledges Beijing's position that Taiwan is a part of China. However, the U.S. has never supported China's claim of sovereignty over Taiwan and maintains a substantial, though unofficial, relationship with the island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More Pelosi coverage\" tag=\"nancy-pelosi\"]Pelosi penned \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/08/02/nancy-pelosi-taiwan-visit-op-ed/\">an opinion piece published by the \u003cem>Washington Post \u003c/em>\u003c/a>upon her arrival citing the Taiwan Relations Act as establishing a commitment to Taiwan's democracy and defense, adding, \"We must stand by Taiwan, which is an island of resilience.\" She said Taiwan is under threat by the government in Beijing economically, in cyberspace, and potentially by military force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the face of the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) accelerating aggression, our congressional delegation's visit should be seen as an unequivocal statement that America stands with Taiwan, our democratic partner, as it defends itself and its freedom,\" Pelosi wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to Pelosi's visit, the Chinese Foreign Ministry released a statement that said, in part, it was a \"serious violation of the one-China principle.\" The ministry added, \"It gravely undermines peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait, and sends a seriously wrong signal to the separatist forces for 'Taiwan independence.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By law, the U.S. is obligated to provide Taiwan with weapons and services. But the U.S. policy of \"strategic ambiguity\" keeps open the question of whether it would intervene in the case of a military invasion by China. The Biden administration has been accused of mixed messaging on this,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/28/1048513474/biden-us-taiwan-china\"> after Biden said on multiple occasions that\u003c/a> the U.S. would come to Taiwan's defense; a sentiment the White House walked back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chinese government remains adamantly opposed to any official exchanges between Taiwan's government and other foreign governments, and views official American contact with Taiwan as an indication of support for its independence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi's trip comes days after Biden and Xi Jinping \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/28/1114314905/biden-and-chinas-xi-discuss-tensions-over-taiwan\">spoke by phone on a wide range of issues\u003c/a>, including Taiwan. Biden sought to reassure his Chinese counterpart that U.S. policy hasn't changed, saying it \"strongly opposes unilateral efforts to change the status quo or undermine peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait,\" according to the official U.S. readout of the call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Biden told reporters the U.S. military thinks a Taiwan visit by Pelosi is \"not a good idea right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Pelosi said \"it's important for us to show support for Taiwan,\" during a press conference on July 21. Her visit got a statement of praise from a group of Republican senators after she landed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I also think that none of us has ever said we're for independence when it comes to Taiwan,\" Pelosi said. \"That's up to Taiwan to decide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>'A sensitive time'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\"The visit will occur at a sensitive time for Beijing,\" said Ryan Hass, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution. \"It coincides with the PLA (People's Liberation Army) Day, the National Day in honor of the establishment of their military, and it is in the run-up to a leadership conclave this month to talk about plans for the future of China.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also comes as Xi looks to secure a tradition-breaking third term in office, in an environment where he faces his own political and economic pressures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He may particularly feel that he can't be seen as soft on the United States and therefore react even more strongly than he might otherwise,\" said Bonnie Glaser, director of the Asia Program at the German Marshall Fund of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Xi \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/31/1114758974/as-tensions-with-the-u-s-rise-china-signals-disappointing-economic-growth\">reportedly told Biden during their call\u003c/a> that \"those who play with fire will get burned.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This quote is the exact same language that he used regarding Taiwan in a previous conversation that he had with President Biden,\" said Glaser. \"That signals to me that he made a deliberate decision not to say something that would be seen as more alarming than in the last phone call that he had.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>White House calls for calm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, China's foreign ministry said China's military would \"not sit idly by\" if Pelosi visits Taiwan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National Security Council spokesman John Kirby urged China not to escalate tensions in response to any visit from Pelosi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no reason for Beijing to turn a potential visit, consistent with longstanding U.S. policy, into some sort of crisis or conflict or use it as a pretext to increase aggressive military activity in or around the Taiwan Strait,\" Kirby said during a White House briefing Monday afternoon, adding that members of Congress routinely visit Taiwan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Kirby warned that China could respond to such a visit with threatening actions, noting the Chinese military conducted a live-fire exercise near Taiwan over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"China appears to be positioning itself to potentially take further steps in the coming days and perhaps over longer time horizons,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Pelosi is a leading China critic\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pelosi has a decades-long record of being hawkish on China and an outspoken advocate for human rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1991, Pelosi joined a small congressional delegation in Tiananmen Square, two years after the violent protests. She helped unfurl a banner that read: \"to those who died for democracy in China.\" Pelosi, along with two other members of Congress, was subsequently \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/NancyPelosi/videos/to-those-who-died-for-democracy/255745505496918/\">pulled aside for questioning\u003c/a> by Chinese police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She played an active role in trying to create a path for Chinese political prisoners and dissidents to be able to come to the United States,\" Hass said. \"She has been a longtime champion of Tibet and the Dalai Lama and she rarely misses opportunities to make her views known on Chinese actions that she feels violate American values or American interests.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi has \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/3e43376effdc4e698296ee8b173e338d\">met with Hong Kong pro-democracy protestor\u003c/a>s and has been vocal in her support of ethnic Uyghurs, who U.S. officials say have been subjected to a genocide in China's Xinjiang region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, she oversaw the House approval of legislation \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/08/1062479381/house-approves-a-bill-barring-imports-of-goods-produced-by-uighurs-in-china\">imposing economic sanctions on China\u003c/a> for goods sold to Americans from the forced labor of Muslim Uyghurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I take second place to no one in the Congress of the United States in my criticism of China,\" Pelosi said at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hass said he thinks Beijing is \"triggered\" by Pelosi's longstanding record along with the \"symbolism\" of her visiting Taiwan as the person second in the line of presidential succession.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will China retaliate?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The last major crisis in the Taiwan Strait came in 1995 and 1996, when Taiwan's leader at the time, Lee Teng-hui, sought to visit his alma mater in the U.S. Ultimately, Lee did make the visit; an outraged China retaliated by firing missiles into the waters around Taiwan, and then-President Bill Clinton ordered aircraft carriers into area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The argument was 'Chinese communists can't tell the United States who they can grant a visa to,'\" Hass described. \"Today, the argument is 'Chinese Communists can't tell the speaker of the house where she can travel or who she can meet with.' So we're hearing echoes of the last cross-strait crisis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How Beijing ultimately decides to respond to Pelosi's visit could drastically change U.S.-China relations and regional dynamics moving forward. Predicting Xi's next steps is difficult, as he's weighing various economic, domestic and global political considerations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Over the past 10 years, [Xi] has built a political brand for strength, resolve and toughness in the face of American pressure,\" Hass said. \"I don't think in the run-up to a party congress where his future fate will be determined, he will want to do anything that could diminish or degrade that brand that he's developed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonny Lin, director of the China Power Project at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, said she doesn't anticipate any \"direct attacks on the United States or any of our aircraft or vessels accompanying this visit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But there is a risk if China wanted to engage in aggressive maneuvers against U.S. or Taiwan aircraft or vessels, if they wanted to try to fire warning shots at our vessels or our aircraft, then there's a real chance of an accident occurring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lin says, beyond military means, it's likely China would engage in some form of political or economic retaliation. She says that extends to the world stage, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We should ask the question: is it possible that one potential form of Chinese escalation could be to provide more geopolitical support to Russia? If that's even on the table, then there's a lot of potential impact that the Pelosi visit might have.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pelosi+has+landed+in+Taiwan.+Here%27s+why+that%27s+a+big+deal&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Pelosi's unannounced, but widely anticipated, stop in Taiwan is expected to increase already heightened tensions between the U.S. and China. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cstrong>Updated August 2, 2022 at 11:19 AM ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, a San Francisco Democrat, landed in Taiwan late Tuesday evening local time, and she is expected to meet members of Taiwan's Legislature and President Tsai Ing-wen on Wednesday, according to a source familiar with planning for her visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The highly-anticipated stop has faced stark warnings from China, in turn worrying the White House that it could trigger a crisis in the Taiwan Strait and worsen already tense U.S.-China relations. China sent two Su-35 fighter jets across the Taiwan strait ahead of Pelosi's arrival, according to state broadcaster CCTV, and the spokeswoman for China's foreign ministry said on Twitter, \"The US & Taiwan have made provocations together first, whereas China has been compelled to act in self-defense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visit was not announced in advance, and it comes as part of Pelosi's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/01/1114818421/pelosi-begins-asia-tour-in-singapore-with-no-official-word-if-shell-visit-taiwan\">tour of Asia\u003c/a>, including Singapore, Malaysia, Japan and South Korea, where she has been leading a small congressional delegation. She is the highest-ranking elected American official to visit Taiwan since then-Speaker Newt Gingrich in 1997. The source familiar with planning for Pelosi's visit says she will be given an award by Taiwan's president and visit a museum before departing on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The island democracy governs itself, but China claims it as its territory. Rumors of Pelosi's visit launched a geopolitical firestorm amid escalating tensions between the U.S. and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Taiwanese government has operated separately from the mainland since nationalists fled there after losing the civil war to communists in 1949. Thirty years later, the U.S. switched diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing, adopting what's known as the \"One China\" policy, in which Washington acknowledges Beijing's position that Taiwan is a part of China. However, the U.S. has never supported China's claim of sovereignty over Taiwan and maintains a substantial, though unofficial, relationship with the island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Pelosi penned \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/08/02/nancy-pelosi-taiwan-visit-op-ed/\">an opinion piece published by the \u003cem>Washington Post \u003c/em>\u003c/a>upon her arrival citing the Taiwan Relations Act as establishing a commitment to Taiwan's democracy and defense, adding, \"We must stand by Taiwan, which is an island of resilience.\" She said Taiwan is under threat by the government in Beijing economically, in cyberspace, and potentially by military force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the face of the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) accelerating aggression, our congressional delegation's visit should be seen as an unequivocal statement that America stands with Taiwan, our democratic partner, as it defends itself and its freedom,\" Pelosi wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to Pelosi's visit, the Chinese Foreign Ministry released a statement that said, in part, it was a \"serious violation of the one-China principle.\" The ministry added, \"It gravely undermines peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait, and sends a seriously wrong signal to the separatist forces for 'Taiwan independence.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By law, the U.S. is obligated to provide Taiwan with weapons and services. But the U.S. policy of \"strategic ambiguity\" keeps open the question of whether it would intervene in the case of a military invasion by China. The Biden administration has been accused of mixed messaging on this,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/28/1048513474/biden-us-taiwan-china\"> after Biden said on multiple occasions that\u003c/a> the U.S. would come to Taiwan's defense; a sentiment the White House walked back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chinese government remains adamantly opposed to any official exchanges between Taiwan's government and other foreign governments, and views official American contact with Taiwan as an indication of support for its independence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi's trip comes days after Biden and Xi Jinping \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/28/1114314905/biden-and-chinas-xi-discuss-tensions-over-taiwan\">spoke by phone on a wide range of issues\u003c/a>, including Taiwan. Biden sought to reassure his Chinese counterpart that U.S. policy hasn't changed, saying it \"strongly opposes unilateral efforts to change the status quo or undermine peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait,\" according to the official U.S. readout of the call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, Biden told reporters the U.S. military thinks a Taiwan visit by Pelosi is \"not a good idea right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Pelosi said \"it's important for us to show support for Taiwan,\" during a press conference on July 21. Her visit got a statement of praise from a group of Republican senators after she landed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I also think that none of us has ever said we're for independence when it comes to Taiwan,\" Pelosi said. \"That's up to Taiwan to decide.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>'A sensitive time'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\"The visit will occur at a sensitive time for Beijing,\" said Ryan Hass, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution. \"It coincides with the PLA (People's Liberation Army) Day, the National Day in honor of the establishment of their military, and it is in the run-up to a leadership conclave this month to talk about plans for the future of China.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also comes as Xi looks to secure a tradition-breaking third term in office, in an environment where he faces his own political and economic pressures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He may particularly feel that he can't be seen as soft on the United States and therefore react even more strongly than he might otherwise,\" said Bonnie Glaser, director of the Asia Program at the German Marshall Fund of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Xi \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/31/1114758974/as-tensions-with-the-u-s-rise-china-signals-disappointing-economic-growth\">reportedly told Biden during their call\u003c/a> that \"those who play with fire will get burned.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This quote is the exact same language that he used regarding Taiwan in a previous conversation that he had with President Biden,\" said Glaser. \"That signals to me that he made a deliberate decision not to say something that would be seen as more alarming than in the last phone call that he had.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>White House calls for calm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Monday, China's foreign ministry said China's military would \"not sit idly by\" if Pelosi visits Taiwan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National Security Council spokesman John Kirby urged China not to escalate tensions in response to any visit from Pelosi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no reason for Beijing to turn a potential visit, consistent with longstanding U.S. policy, into some sort of crisis or conflict or use it as a pretext to increase aggressive military activity in or around the Taiwan Strait,\" Kirby said during a White House briefing Monday afternoon, adding that members of Congress routinely visit Taiwan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Kirby warned that China could respond to such a visit with threatening actions, noting the Chinese military conducted a live-fire exercise near Taiwan over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"China appears to be positioning itself to potentially take further steps in the coming days and perhaps over longer time horizons,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Pelosi is a leading China critic\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pelosi has a decades-long record of being hawkish on China and an outspoken advocate for human rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1991, Pelosi joined a small congressional delegation in Tiananmen Square, two years after the violent protests. She helped unfurl a banner that read: \"to those who died for democracy in China.\" Pelosi, along with two other members of Congress, was subsequently \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/NancyPelosi/videos/to-those-who-died-for-democracy/255745505496918/\">pulled aside for questioning\u003c/a> by Chinese police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She played an active role in trying to create a path for Chinese political prisoners and dissidents to be able to come to the United States,\" Hass said. \"She has been a longtime champion of Tibet and the Dalai Lama and she rarely misses opportunities to make her views known on Chinese actions that she feels violate American values or American interests.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi has \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/3e43376effdc4e698296ee8b173e338d\">met with Hong Kong pro-democracy protestor\u003c/a>s and has been vocal in her support of ethnic Uyghurs, who U.S. officials say have been subjected to a genocide in China's Xinjiang region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, she oversaw the House approval of legislation \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/12/08/1062479381/house-approves-a-bill-barring-imports-of-goods-produced-by-uighurs-in-china\">imposing economic sanctions on China\u003c/a> for goods sold to Americans from the forced labor of Muslim Uyghurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I take second place to no one in the Congress of the United States in my criticism of China,\" Pelosi said at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hass said he thinks Beijing is \"triggered\" by Pelosi's longstanding record along with the \"symbolism\" of her visiting Taiwan as the person second in the line of presidential succession.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will China retaliate?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The last major crisis in the Taiwan Strait came in 1995 and 1996, when Taiwan's leader at the time, Lee Teng-hui, sought to visit his alma mater in the U.S. Ultimately, Lee did make the visit; an outraged China retaliated by firing missiles into the waters around Taiwan, and then-President Bill Clinton ordered aircraft carriers into area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The argument was 'Chinese communists can't tell the United States who they can grant a visa to,'\" Hass described. \"Today, the argument is 'Chinese Communists can't tell the speaker of the house where she can travel or who she can meet with.' So we're hearing echoes of the last cross-strait crisis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How Beijing ultimately decides to respond to Pelosi's visit could drastically change U.S.-China relations and regional dynamics moving forward. Predicting Xi's next steps is difficult, as he's weighing various economic, domestic and global political considerations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Over the past 10 years, [Xi] has built a political brand for strength, resolve and toughness in the face of American pressure,\" Hass said. \"I don't think in the run-up to a party congress where his future fate will be determined, he will want to do anything that could diminish or degrade that brand that he's developed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonny Lin, director of the China Power Project at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, said she doesn't anticipate any \"direct attacks on the United States or any of our aircraft or vessels accompanying this visit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But there is a risk if China wanted to engage in aggressive maneuvers against U.S. or Taiwan aircraft or vessels, if they wanted to try to fire warning shots at our vessels or our aircraft, then there's a real chance of an accident occurring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lin says, beyond military means, it's likely China would engage in some form of political or economic retaliation. She says that extends to the world stage, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We should ask the question: is it possible that one potential form of Chinese escalation could be to provide more geopolitical support to Russia? If that's even on the table, then there's a lot of potential impact that the Pelosi visit might have.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pelosi+has+landed+in+Taiwan.+Here%27s+why+that%27s+a+big+deal&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bill Russell, who has died at the age of 88, was more than just a basketball superstar and world-class athlete. As a dedicated human rights activist, Russell fought against racial inequality both in and out of professional sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February 2011, Barack Obama presented Russell with the \u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2011/02/15/remarks-president-honoring-recipients-2010-medal-freedom\">Presidential Medal of Freedom\u003c/a> in the East Room of the White House. He told those in attendance about Russell’s record 11 NBA titles, more than any player in history. All of the championships were playing for the Boston Celtics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"arts_13916840,forum_2010101855026\"]However, the president was more impressed by Russell’s life outside of his athletic accomplishments: marching with Martin Luther King Jr.; standing up for Muhammad Ali; and boycotting a game in Kentucky after his Black teammates were refused service in a coffee shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He endured insults and vandalism, but he kept on focusing on making the teammates who he loved better players, and made possible the success of so many who would follow,” Obama said in 2011. “And I hope that one day, in the streets of Boston, children will look up at a statue built not only to Bill Russell the player, but Bill Russell the man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The first game boycott over civil rights\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In October 1961, the Boston Celtics were in Lexington, Ky., for a pre-season exhibition game. Before the game, Sam Jones and Tom Sanders, two Black members of the Boston team, were refused service when they tried to grab a bite to eat from the hotel’s cafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Mark C. Bodanza’s biography of Sam Jones, \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=XZ0ADAAAQBAJ&pg=PT63&lpg=PT63#v=onepage&q&f=false\">\u003cem>Ten Times a Champion\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Jones and Sanders walked away humiliated and angry. The two bumped into Russell and K.C. Jones on the way back to their hotel rooms and explained what had happened in the café.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The four men brought the news to Celtics Coach Red Auerbach, who rang the hotel management about the incident. Though the players were eventually given permission to eat at the hotel, they wanted nothing to do with the establishment and chose to fly home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the first boycotting of a game over a civil rights protest, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.basketballnetwork.net/old-school/how-bill-russells-forgotten-protest-changed-america\">the Basketball Network\u003c/a>. When the players landed back in Boston, they were welcomed by a predominantly white crowd that supported their decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell told reporters the following day, per Bodanza: “We’ve got to show our disapproval of this kind of treatment or else the status quo will prevail. We have the same rights and privileges as anyone else and deserve to be treated accordingly. I hope we never have to go through this abuse again. But if it happens, we won’t hesitate to take the same action again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost 60 years later, Russell referenced the incident as he applauded another NBA team for speaking out. In August 2020, players on the Milwaukee Bucks chose not to take the court in a playoff game against Orlando after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/live-updates-protests-for-racial-justice/2020/08/26/906496470/a-dramatic-day-in-pro-sports-where-the-action-was-no-action\">police shot a Black man in Wisconsin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In [1961] I walked out if an exhibition game much like the [NBA] players did yesterday,” Russell wrote. “I am one of the few people that knows what it felt like to make such an important decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Many of Russell’s most notable actions were during the 1960s\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Russell was at the 1963 March on Washington, \u003ca href=\"https://nba.nbcsports.com/2013/08/30/bill-russell-was-part-of-march-on-washington-was-near-dr-king-50-years-ago/\">sitting nearby\u003c/a> King as he delivered his famous “I Have a Dream” speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another notable action came when Russell \u003ca href=\"https://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/A_AA92C22B9CD14E0EA30F8CC3137CA152\">spoke to students in support\u003c/a> of a one-day Black student boycott of Boston’s public schools to protest segregation that same year. He was involved in local issues in Boston, including being involved in planning the graduation and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostoncelticshistory.com/item/russell-takes-the-stand/?postId=533\">speaking to graduates\u003c/a> at a predominantly Black high school in 1966.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Medgar Evers was murdered in 1963, Russell traveled to Mississippi to work with Evers’ brother to open an \u003ca href=\"https://www.seattletimes.com/sports/medgar-evers-assassination-in-1963-inspired-bill-russell-to-offer-help-in-mississippi/\">integrated basketball camp\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1967, when boxing legend Muhammad Ali refused to fight in America’s war in Vietnam, Russell joined other prominent Black figures gathering in Cleveland to meet with Ali. Russell supported Ali’s decision to go to prison instead of denouncing his beliefs surrounding civil rights and religious freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later in life, he continued speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, he posted a photo of himself – wearing his Presidential Medal of Freedom – taking a knee in a sign of solidarity with protesters within the NFL.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Proud to take a knee, and to stand tall against social injustice,” Russell wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=As+a+racial+justice+activist%2C+NBA+great+Bill+Russell+was+a+legend+off+the+court&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bill Russell, who has died at the age of 88, was more than just a basketball superstar and world-class athlete. As a dedicated human rights activist, Russell fought against racial inequality both in and out of professional sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February 2011, Barack Obama presented Russell with the \u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2011/02/15/remarks-president-honoring-recipients-2010-medal-freedom\">Presidential Medal of Freedom\u003c/a> in the East Room of the White House. He told those in attendance about Russell’s record 11 NBA titles, more than any player in history. All of the championships were playing for the Boston Celtics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>However, the president was more impressed by Russell’s life outside of his athletic accomplishments: marching with Martin Luther King Jr.; standing up for Muhammad Ali; and boycotting a game in Kentucky after his Black teammates were refused service in a coffee shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He endured insults and vandalism, but he kept on focusing on making the teammates who he loved better players, and made possible the success of so many who would follow,” Obama said in 2011. “And I hope that one day, in the streets of Boston, children will look up at a statue built not only to Bill Russell the player, but Bill Russell the man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The first game boycott over civil rights\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In October 1961, the Boston Celtics were in Lexington, Ky., for a pre-season exhibition game. Before the game, Sam Jones and Tom Sanders, two Black members of the Boston team, were refused service when they tried to grab a bite to eat from the hotel’s cafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Mark C. Bodanza’s biography of Sam Jones, \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=XZ0ADAAAQBAJ&pg=PT63&lpg=PT63#v=onepage&q&f=false\">\u003cem>Ten Times a Champion\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Jones and Sanders walked away humiliated and angry. The two bumped into Russell and K.C. Jones on the way back to their hotel rooms and explained what had happened in the café.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The four men brought the news to Celtics Coach Red Auerbach, who rang the hotel management about the incident. Though the players were eventually given permission to eat at the hotel, they wanted nothing to do with the establishment and chose to fly home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the first boycotting of a game over a civil rights protest, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.basketballnetwork.net/old-school/how-bill-russells-forgotten-protest-changed-america\">the Basketball Network\u003c/a>. When the players landed back in Boston, they were welcomed by a predominantly white crowd that supported their decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell told reporters the following day, per Bodanza: “We’ve got to show our disapproval of this kind of treatment or else the status quo will prevail. We have the same rights and privileges as anyone else and deserve to be treated accordingly. I hope we never have to go through this abuse again. But if it happens, we won’t hesitate to take the same action again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost 60 years later, Russell referenced the incident as he applauded another NBA team for speaking out. In August 2020, players on the Milwaukee Bucks chose not to take the court in a playoff game against Orlando after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/live-updates-protests-for-racial-justice/2020/08/26/906496470/a-dramatic-day-in-pro-sports-where-the-action-was-no-action\">police shot a Black man in Wisconsin\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In [1961] I walked out if an exhibition game much like the [NBA] players did yesterday,” Russell wrote. “I am one of the few people that knows what it felt like to make such an important decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Many of Russell’s most notable actions were during the 1960s\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Russell was at the 1963 March on Washington, \u003ca href=\"https://nba.nbcsports.com/2013/08/30/bill-russell-was-part-of-march-on-washington-was-near-dr-king-50-years-ago/\">sitting nearby\u003c/a> King as he delivered his famous “I Have a Dream” speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another notable action came when Russell \u003ca href=\"https://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/A_AA92C22B9CD14E0EA30F8CC3137CA152\">spoke to students in support\u003c/a> of a one-day Black student boycott of Boston’s public schools to protest segregation that same year. He was involved in local issues in Boston, including being involved in planning the graduation and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostoncelticshistory.com/item/russell-takes-the-stand/?postId=533\">speaking to graduates\u003c/a> at a predominantly Black high school in 1966.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Medgar Evers was murdered in 1963, Russell traveled to Mississippi to work with Evers’ brother to open an \u003ca href=\"https://www.seattletimes.com/sports/medgar-evers-assassination-in-1963-inspired-bill-russell-to-offer-help-in-mississippi/\">integrated basketball camp\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1967, when boxing legend Muhammad Ali refused to fight in America’s war in Vietnam, Russell joined other prominent Black figures gathering in Cleveland to meet with Ali. Russell supported Ali’s decision to go to prison instead of denouncing his beliefs surrounding civil rights and religious freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later in life, he continued speaking out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, he posted a photo of himself – wearing his Presidential Medal of Freedom – taking a knee in a sign of solidarity with protesters within the NFL.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Proud to take a knee, and to stand tall against social injustice,” Russell wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=As+a+racial+justice+activist%2C+NBA+great+Bill+Russell+was+a+legend+off+the+court&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "After Spiking Earlier Talks, Manchin Agrees to a New Deal on Climate and Taxes",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cstrong>Updated July 27, 2022 at 9:00 PM ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., and Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., have released preliminary details of a bill to address climate change, taxes, health care and inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement is a major reversal for Democrats, who had narrowed their ambitions for the package to address looming lapses in the Affordable Care Act and changes to prescription drug prices after Manchin raised concerns over approving more spending during record inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/15/1111675233/manchin-rejects-climate-and-tax-provisions-in-democrats-spending-package\">After many months of negotiations\u003c/a>, we have finalized legislative text that will invest approximately $300 billion in Deficit Reduction and $369.75 billion in \u003ca href=\"https://www.democrats.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/summary_of_the_energy_security_and_climate_change_investments_in_the_inflation_reduction_act_of_2022.pdf\">Energy Security and Climate Change\u003c/a> programs over the next 10 years,” the senators said in a joint statement. “The investments will be fully paid for by closing tax loopholes on wealthy individuals and corporations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation — called the \u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.democrats.senate.gov/inflation-reduction-act-one-page-summary__;!!Iwwt!T_erBxxpsxo0-Hmp8mN0_yyTMtr1hHNdwOqioGHm_BFtSoENMuYlN1rZvJA_mG15UD3A3FfsnoGpEzSZAONcKbXVivzI8w%24\">Inflation Reduction Act of 2022\u003c/a> — would also continue expansions to the Affordable Care Act that passed during the pandemic through 2025 and allow Medicare to pursue \u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.democrats.senate.gov/topline-messages-for-senate-prescription-drug-pricing-reforms_fy22-budget-reconciliation__;!!Iwwt!T_erBxxpsxo0-Hmp8mN0_yyTMtr1hHNdwOqioGHm_BFtSoENMuYlN1rZvJA_mG15UD3A3FfsnoGpEzSZAONcKbWWL0vaEQ%24\">lower drug costs\u003c/a> by negotiating directly with drug companies. Democrats say the plan \u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.democrats.senate.gov/summary-closing-tax-loopholes-in-the-inflation-reduction-act-of-2022__;!!Iwwt!T_erBxxpsxo0-Hmp8mN0_yyTMtr1hHNdwOqioGHm_BFtSoENMuYlN1rZvJA_mG15UD3A3FfsnoGpEzSZAONcKbXlchQO-A%24\">avoids any new taxes\u003c/a> on families making $400,000 or less and does not include any new taxes on small businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the bill \u003ca href=\"https://www.democrats.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/inflation_reduction_act_of_2022.pdf\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new agreement aims to “reduce carbon emissions by roughly 40% by 2030” and address inflation while also reducing the deficit, according to documents released by Schumer and Manchin. Schumer planned to submit the bill to the Senate parliamentarian for review on Wednesday night in order to start votes on the bill next week. Democrats plan to pass the bill using the budget process known as reconciliation to avoid a Republican filibuster, provided the legislation has unanimous support among Senate Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"climate-change\"]Manchin and Schumer say they have also reached an agreement with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., and President Biden to pass a permitting reform bill by the end of the year, with the goal of easing permits for domestic energy production and transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement is a significant expansion of the very narrow bill Democrats had hoped to pass through reconciliation before the midterm elections, though it still falls far short of the broader Build Back Better plan they began negotiating last year. That proposal initially included massive domestic spending to address climate, taxes, health care and social programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manchin became the leading voice of opposition to major spending as inflation concerns grew in the country. He was able to single-handedly drive the talks because Democrats need unanimous support to pass the bill in the evenly divided Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement comes hours after the Senate passed a major bipartisan bill to expand domestic production of critical semiconductor chips that have been in short supply, leading to delays in the delivery of new cars and supply chain issues for smartphones, computers and medical equipment. Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., had threatened to block the semiconductor bill, known as CHIPS, if Democrats continued to pursue climate and tax legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/26/1113470753/chip-production-semiconductor-senate\">Finalizing the CHIPS bill\u003c/a> paved the way for Democrats to reach a deal without the threat of losing support for the semiconductor bill they viewed as a critical economic and political achievement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next step will be for the Senate parliamentarian to assess whether the proposals meet strict Senate budget rules that govern the reconciliation process. Once that is done, it will go through a vote-a-rama, a process that would serve to circumvent the 60-vote threshold that bills normally must cross in order to be passed. The House must then pass a similar bill before Biden signs it into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement after the deal was announced, Biden praised it as “the action the American people have been waiting for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This addresses the problems of today — high health care costs and overall inflation — as well as investments in our energy security for the future,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+spiking+earlier+talks%2C+Manchin+agrees+to+a+new+deal+on+climate+and+taxes&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cstrong>Updated July 27, 2022 at 9:00 PM ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., and Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., have released preliminary details of a bill to address climate change, taxes, health care and inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement is a major reversal for Democrats, who had narrowed their ambitions for the package to address looming lapses in the Affordable Care Act and changes to prescription drug prices after Manchin raised concerns over approving more spending during record inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/15/1111675233/manchin-rejects-climate-and-tax-provisions-in-democrats-spending-package\">After many months of negotiations\u003c/a>, we have finalized legislative text that will invest approximately $300 billion in Deficit Reduction and $369.75 billion in \u003ca href=\"https://www.democrats.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/summary_of_the_energy_security_and_climate_change_investments_in_the_inflation_reduction_act_of_2022.pdf\">Energy Security and Climate Change\u003c/a> programs over the next 10 years,” the senators said in a joint statement. “The investments will be fully paid for by closing tax loopholes on wealthy individuals and corporations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation — called the \u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.democrats.senate.gov/inflation-reduction-act-one-page-summary__;!!Iwwt!T_erBxxpsxo0-Hmp8mN0_yyTMtr1hHNdwOqioGHm_BFtSoENMuYlN1rZvJA_mG15UD3A3FfsnoGpEzSZAONcKbXVivzI8w%24\">Inflation Reduction Act of 2022\u003c/a> — would also continue expansions to the Affordable Care Act that passed during the pandemic through 2025 and allow Medicare to pursue \u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.democrats.senate.gov/topline-messages-for-senate-prescription-drug-pricing-reforms_fy22-budget-reconciliation__;!!Iwwt!T_erBxxpsxo0-Hmp8mN0_yyTMtr1hHNdwOqioGHm_BFtSoENMuYlN1rZvJA_mG15UD3A3FfsnoGpEzSZAONcKbWWL0vaEQ%24\">lower drug costs\u003c/a> by negotiating directly with drug companies. Democrats say the plan \u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.democrats.senate.gov/summary-closing-tax-loopholes-in-the-inflation-reduction-act-of-2022__;!!Iwwt!T_erBxxpsxo0-Hmp8mN0_yyTMtr1hHNdwOqioGHm_BFtSoENMuYlN1rZvJA_mG15UD3A3FfsnoGpEzSZAONcKbXlchQO-A%24\">avoids any new taxes\u003c/a> on families making $400,000 or less and does not include any new taxes on small businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the bill \u003ca href=\"https://www.democrats.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/inflation_reduction_act_of_2022.pdf\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Manchin and Schumer say they have also reached an agreement with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., and President Biden to pass a permitting reform bill by the end of the year, with the goal of easing permits for domestic energy production and transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement is a significant expansion of the very narrow bill Democrats had hoped to pass through reconciliation before the midterm elections, though it still falls far short of the broader Build Back Better plan they began negotiating last year. That proposal initially included massive domestic spending to address climate, taxes, health care and social programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manchin became the leading voice of opposition to major spending as inflation concerns grew in the country. He was able to single-handedly drive the talks because Democrats need unanimous support to pass the bill in the evenly divided Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement comes hours after the Senate passed a major bipartisan bill to expand domestic production of critical semiconductor chips that have been in short supply, leading to delays in the delivery of new cars and supply chain issues for smartphones, computers and medical equipment. Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., had threatened to block the semiconductor bill, known as CHIPS, if Democrats continued to pursue climate and tax legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/26/1113470753/chip-production-semiconductor-senate\">Finalizing the CHIPS bill\u003c/a> paved the way for Democrats to reach a deal without the threat of losing support for the semiconductor bill they viewed as a critical economic and political achievement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next step will be for the Senate parliamentarian to assess whether the proposals meet strict Senate budget rules that govern the reconciliation process. Once that is done, it will go through a vote-a-rama, a process that would serve to circumvent the 60-vote threshold that bills normally must cross in order to be passed. The House must then pass a similar bill before Biden signs it into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement after the deal was announced, Biden praised it as “the action the American people have been waiting for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This addresses the problems of today — high health care costs and overall inflation — as well as investments in our energy security for the future,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+spiking+earlier+talks%2C+Manchin+agrees+to+a+new+deal+on+climate+and+taxes&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"storyMajorUpdateDate\">\u003cstrong>Updated July 26, 2022 at 11:17 AM ET\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe Biden administration may scrap plans to let more younger adults get second COVID-19 boosters this summer. Instead, officials are trying to speed up availability of the next generation of boosters in the fall, NPR has learned.[aside postID=news_11904834 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53457_005_StockPhoto_AtHomeCOVIDTest_02022022-qut.jpg']\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The new strategy is aimed at trying to balance protecting people this summer with keeping people safe next winter, when the country will probably get hit by yet another surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the possible shift is being met with mixed reactions. The Food and Drug Administration could make a final decision by the end of the week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dilemma facing the FDA is that the immunity many people have gotten from getting vaccinated or infected has been wearing off. At the same time, the most contagious version of the virus to emerge yet — the omicron subvariant BA.5 — is making people even more vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So as COVID is starting to become more serious than a cold or flu again, most people younger than age 50 aren't eligible for fourth shots — second boosters — to protect themselves. In response, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2022/07/19/1112229721/u-s-debates-a-summer-booster-for-people-under-50\">the FDA was considering opening up eligibility for second boosters for all adults\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But letting more people get boosted with the original vaccine now could interfere with plans to boost them with updated, hopefully more protective vaccines in the fall to blunt the toll of the winter surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why the administration is considering shifting the focus to the next generation of boosters. Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/14/1111473802/experts-question-the-fdas-covid-booster-strategy-ahead-of-autumn\">were already scrambling to comply with the FDA's request \u003c/a>to get new, hopefully more powerful \"bivalent\" boosters ready by October or November that target both the original strain of the virus and omicron subvariants BA.4 and BA.5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA is trying to get the companies to make those shots available even sooner — possibly as soon as September, according to a federal official familiar with the situation who is not authorized to talk about it publicly. \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/07/22/booster-shots-coronavirus-under-50/\">The possible shift was first reported by The Washington Post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the bivalent boosters can be accelerated, the FDA would skip opening up fourth shots of the original vaccines this summer and just wait for the new double-barreled omicron vaccines in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The possible shift is provoking mixed reactions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some think it is the smartest strategy. Three shots are still protecting most younger, otherwise healthy people against serious illness, they say. And boosting people again now, and then so soon again in the fall, could confuse people, potentially eroding their willingness to get any boosters, according to some experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this will increase trust,\" \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/monica.gandhi\">Dr. Monica Gandhi\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, wrote in an email to NPR. \"We can't give a booster now and then again in 1.5 months or two months — that will decrease trust.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And giving two shots too close together could actually backfire from a health perspective, according to some experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this is the right call,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/person/celine-gounder/\">Dr. Celine Gounder\u003c/a>, a senior fellow at the Kaiser Family Foundation, said during an interview with NPR. \"If you get a booster now with the original formulation of the vaccine, this may in fact be counter-productive. It may prevent the second booster dose given this fall from taking and from you developing an immune response to that booster.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others aren't so sure. They say the new vaccines may not be significantly better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People should not regard them as some sort of magic bullet that gives them super-strong protection,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://directory.weill.cornell.edu/person/profile/jpm2003\">Dr. \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://directory.weill.cornell.edu/person/profile/jpm2003\">John Moore\u003c/a>, an immunologist at Weill Cornell Medicine. \"These are not going to be magic bullet game-changers because they're not that much better than the already available vaccine boosters.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also unclear whether the new boosters can be ready by September. And who knows if BA.5 will even been the main virus by the fall and winter?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't see the benefit waiting for a BA.5-specific booster since BA.5 may be in the rearview mirror and well past us by the time that's available,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.bcm.edu/people-search/peter-hotez-23229\">Dr. Peter Hotez\u003c/a>, dean of the Baylor College of Medicine National School of Tropical Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People younger than 50 should at least have the option to protect themselves now, especially with BA.5 already surging, some say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're talking about you know literally hundreds of millions of people who are at a higher risk than they need to be for months,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/robert.wachter\">Dr. Robert Wachter\u003c/a>, chair of the department of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And that will mean potentially millions of preventable infections, certainly thousands of preventable hospitalizations, and probably hundreds of preventable deaths.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Reformulated+COVID+vaccine+boosters+may+be+available+earlier+than+expected&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The new strategy is aimed at trying to balance protecting people this summer with keeping people safe next winter, when the country will probably get hit by yet another surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the possible shift is being met with mixed reactions. The Food and Drug Administration could make a final decision by the end of the week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dilemma facing the FDA is that the immunity many people have gotten from getting vaccinated or infected has been wearing off. At the same time, the most contagious version of the virus to emerge yet — the omicron subvariant BA.5 — is making people even more vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So as COVID is starting to become more serious than a cold or flu again, most people younger than age 50 aren't eligible for fourth shots — second boosters — to protect themselves. In response, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2022/07/19/1112229721/u-s-debates-a-summer-booster-for-people-under-50\">the FDA was considering opening up eligibility for second boosters for all adults\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But letting more people get boosted with the original vaccine now could interfere with plans to boost them with updated, hopefully more protective vaccines in the fall to blunt the toll of the winter surge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why the administration is considering shifting the focus to the next generation of boosters. Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/14/1111473802/experts-question-the-fdas-covid-booster-strategy-ahead-of-autumn\">were already scrambling to comply with the FDA's request \u003c/a>to get new, hopefully more powerful \"bivalent\" boosters ready by October or November that target both the original strain of the virus and omicron subvariants BA.4 and BA.5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA is trying to get the companies to make those shots available even sooner — possibly as soon as September, according to a federal official familiar with the situation who is not authorized to talk about it publicly. \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/07/22/booster-shots-coronavirus-under-50/\">The possible shift was first reported by The Washington Post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the bivalent boosters can be accelerated, the FDA would skip opening up fourth shots of the original vaccines this summer and just wait for the new double-barreled omicron vaccines in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The possible shift is provoking mixed reactions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some think it is the smartest strategy. Three shots are still protecting most younger, otherwise healthy people against serious illness, they say. And boosting people again now, and then so soon again in the fall, could confuse people, potentially eroding their willingness to get any boosters, according to some experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this will increase trust,\" \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/monica.gandhi\">Dr. Monica Gandhi\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, wrote in an email to NPR. \"We can't give a booster now and then again in 1.5 months or two months — that will decrease trust.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And giving two shots too close together could actually backfire from a health perspective, according to some experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this is the right call,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/person/celine-gounder/\">Dr. Celine Gounder\u003c/a>, a senior fellow at the Kaiser Family Foundation, said during an interview with NPR. \"If you get a booster now with the original formulation of the vaccine, this may in fact be counter-productive. It may prevent the second booster dose given this fall from taking and from you developing an immune response to that booster.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others aren't so sure. They say the new vaccines may not be significantly better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People should not regard them as some sort of magic bullet that gives them super-strong protection,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://directory.weill.cornell.edu/person/profile/jpm2003\">Dr. \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://directory.weill.cornell.edu/person/profile/jpm2003\">John Moore\u003c/a>, an immunologist at Weill Cornell Medicine. \"These are not going to be magic bullet game-changers because they're not that much better than the already available vaccine boosters.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also unclear whether the new boosters can be ready by September. And who knows if BA.5 will even been the main virus by the fall and winter?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't see the benefit waiting for a BA.5-specific booster since BA.5 may be in the rearview mirror and well past us by the time that's available,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.bcm.edu/people-search/peter-hotez-23229\">Dr. Peter Hotez\u003c/a>, dean of the Baylor College of Medicine National School of Tropical Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People younger than 50 should at least have the option to protect themselves now, especially with BA.5 already surging, some say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're talking about you know literally hundreds of millions of people who are at a higher risk than they need to be for months,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/robert.wachter\">Dr. Robert Wachter\u003c/a>, chair of the department of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And that will mean potentially millions of preventable infections, certainly thousands of preventable hospitalizations, and probably hundreds of preventable deaths.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Reformulated+COVID+vaccine+boosters+may+be+available+earlier+than+expected&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>“A starfield is speckled across the image. They range from small, faint points of light to larger, closer, brighter and more fully resolved stars with eight-point diffraction spikes. The upper-right portion of the image has wispy, translucent, cloud-like streaks rising from the nebula.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s how a team of scientists, writers and educators described in vivid detail just one of the breathtaking \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/pictureshow/2022/07/12/1111002820/webb-telescope-images-nasa\">celestial images captured by the James Webb Space Telescope\u003c/a> so people with visual impairments could appreciate it, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Space is for everyone. It shouldn’t matter who you are,” said Tim Rhue, an education specialist at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.stsci.edu/\">Space Telescope Science Institute\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His team wrote labels for pictures stuffed with distant spinning galaxies, glowing clouds of gas and blazing stars using the alt text feature on social media apps, which is designed to make the internet more accessible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It allows people who use screen readers to hear a description of an image and helps when images on a website won’t load.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s another example of an alt text description from another Webb image: “A large, translucent, red oval surrounds the central stars. From the red oval, shells extend in a mix of colors. The shells appear to have a filamentous pattern similar to the surface of a cut citrus fruit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" postID=\"science_1979819,forum_2010101889805\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhue said he was astonished by the images the telescope captured, and he and his team wanted that astonishment to be shared by everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is definitely a labor of love,” Rhue said. “There are so many things that make life difficult for people, but this is just pure joy, the universe out there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $10 billion James Webb Space Telescope, under development for decades and launched into space in December, is NASA’s newest and most powerful. On July 12, the first color images were released. And scientists have been poring over the data that’s come coming from the telescope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Lotz, director of the International Gemini Observatory, is part of a team looking at one field of thousands of galaxies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know these galaxies pretty well, but seeing these images with James Webb, it’s like putting glasses on,” Lotz \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/21/1112356969/the-new-science-coming-from-the-james-webb-telescope-has-astronomers-giddy\">told NPR\u003c/a>. “Like, things we couldn’t see before now are just crystal clear. And it’s been overwhelming. It’s been really overwhelming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://astro.uchicago.edu/people/jacob-l-bean.php\">Jacob Bean\u003c/a>, an astronomer with the University of Chicago, described what the telescope has brought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like a birthday and Christmas and an anniversary and a graduation and Thanksgiving and Hanukkah all wrapped into one for us and happening just every day,” Bean told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Rhue’s team is helping to spread that joy even farther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We love seeing people’s face light up,” Rhue said. “We love seeing people really get the big picture and our place in it all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Raquel Maria Dillon contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Alt+text+helps+the+visually+impaired+experience+the+James+Webb+Telescope+images&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>“A starfield is speckled across the image. They range from small, faint points of light to larger, closer, brighter and more fully resolved stars with eight-point diffraction spikes. The upper-right portion of the image has wispy, translucent, cloud-like streaks rising from the nebula.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s how a team of scientists, writers and educators described in vivid detail just one of the breathtaking \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/pictureshow/2022/07/12/1111002820/webb-telescope-images-nasa\">celestial images captured by the James Webb Space Telescope\u003c/a> so people with visual impairments could appreciate it, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Space is for everyone. It shouldn’t matter who you are,” said Tim Rhue, an education specialist at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.stsci.edu/\">Space Telescope Science Institute\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His team wrote labels for pictures stuffed with distant spinning galaxies, glowing clouds of gas and blazing stars using the alt text feature on social media apps, which is designed to make the internet more accessible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It allows people who use screen readers to hear a description of an image and helps when images on a website won’t load.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s another example of an alt text description from another Webb image: “A large, translucent, red oval surrounds the central stars. From the red oval, shells extend in a mix of colors. The shells appear to have a filamentous pattern similar to the surface of a cut citrus fruit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhue said he was astonished by the images the telescope captured, and he and his team wanted that astonishment to be shared by everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is definitely a labor of love,” Rhue said. “There are so many things that make life difficult for people, but this is just pure joy, the universe out there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $10 billion James Webb Space Telescope, under development for decades and launched into space in December, is NASA’s newest and most powerful. On July 12, the first color images were released. And scientists have been poring over the data that’s come coming from the telescope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Lotz, director of the International Gemini Observatory, is part of a team looking at one field of thousands of galaxies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know these galaxies pretty well, but seeing these images with James Webb, it’s like putting glasses on,” Lotz \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/07/21/1112356969/the-new-science-coming-from-the-james-webb-telescope-has-astronomers-giddy\">told NPR\u003c/a>. “Like, things we couldn’t see before now are just crystal clear. And it’s been overwhelming. It’s been really overwhelming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://astro.uchicago.edu/people/jacob-l-bean.php\">Jacob Bean\u003c/a>, an astronomer with the University of Chicago, described what the telescope has brought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like a birthday and Christmas and an anniversary and a graduation and Thanksgiving and Hanukkah all wrapped into one for us and happening just every day,” Bean told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Rhue’s team is helping to spread that joy even farther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We love seeing people’s face light up,” Rhue said. “We love seeing people really get the big picture and our place in it all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Raquel Maria Dillon contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Alt+text+helps+the+visually+impaired+experience+the+James+Webb+Telescope+images&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Privacy Advocates Fear Google Will Be Used to Prosecute Abortion Seekers",
"title": "Privacy Advocates Fear Google Will Be Used to Prosecute Abortion Seekers",
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"content": "\u003cp>When police are trying to solve a crime, they often turn to Google for help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes sense since the Silicon Valley giant has grown into a nearly $1.6 trillion company on the strength of its most valuable asset: Data on billions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And often, finding out where someone was at the time of a crime, or what they were Googling before a crime occurs, can be pivotal to investigators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the Supreme Court has overturned \u003cem>Roe v. Wade\u003c/em>, privacy advocates fear Google will provide users' data to authorities who may try to target people seeking abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When someone uses a Google service on their phone with location history enabled, Google logs that phone's position about every two minutes. The company can estimate the location of a person's device within nine feet, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/document/united-states-v-chatrie-order-motion-suppress\">court testimony from the company has shown\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"reproductive-rights\"]In the first half of last year, \u003ca href=\"https://transparencyreport.google.com/user-data/overview?user_requests_report_period=authority:US\">law enforcement sent Google more than 50,000 subpoenas\u003c/a>, search warrants and other types of legal requests for data Google retains, sometimes drawing from a massive centralized database of users' location history known as \"Sensorvault,\" which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/13/technology/google-sensorvault-location-tracking.html\">first reported by the \u003cem>New York Times \u003c/em>\u003c/a>in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Google is increasingly the cornerstone of American policing,\" said Albert Fox Cahn, a lawyer who is also executive director of the Surveillance Technology Oversight Project, an advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As authorities investigating crimes have become more tech savvy, they have turned to two particularly controversial types of data requests: geofence warrants and keyword warrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Geofence and keyword warrants are digital dragnets\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Geofence warrants seek information about every device that has crossed into a defined location in a specific period of time, say a bank at which there was recently a robbery, a home that was recently burned down, or an abortion clinic following the Supreme Court ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keyword warrants request information on everyone who has Googled specific search terms, a kind of digital dragnet that has long alarmed privacy advocates, and now abortion-rights advocates as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is so chilling. It is so broad. It is so contrary to our civil rights. And yet, because Google has so much of our data, it's just a ticking time bomb for pregnant people,\" Cahn said of keyword searches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it remains unclear whether state authorities will try to prosecute abortion-seekers, and will use digital evidence as part of those potential cases, legal experts say the prospect should be taken seriously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy experts like Cahn consider the keyword search warrants — being able to comb through everyone who Googled a certain term — a type of fishing expedition that violates user privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the equivalent of going to a library and then trying to search every person who checked out a specific book,\" he added. \"We would never allow that in the analog world.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a far-reaching search in the real world would likely violate the Fourth Amendment's ban on unreasonable searches, Cahn said. But courts are still catching up to the technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Geofence and keyword warrants are largely untested in U.S. courts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are very few cases in the U.S. that have tested the legality of geofence warrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Virginia bank robbery case, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22081892-lauck-opinion\">a federal judge ruled this year that the use of the geofenced data to catch a suspect was unconstitutional\u003c/a> since police did not demonstrate they had probable cause for the search and it provided authorities with the location data of innocent bystanders. The warrant was approved by a magistrate who did not have a law degree. Yet the judge's ruling in the case does not have any bearing on how authorities in other states use the warrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, keyword searches are a relatively novel concept in the American legal system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Denver, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/police-google-reverse-keyword-searches-rcna35749\">police used a keyword search to find a suspect in a fire that left five dead\u003c/a>. Authorities obtained from Google the names of people who had searched for the address of the home that was set ablaze and made an arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The privacy watchdog group Electronic Frontier Foundation says keyword warrants are \"totally incompatible with constitutional protections for privacy and freedom of speech and expression.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Lynch, a lawyer with the group, said such searches run the risk of implicating innocent people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the U.S. does not have a national data privacy law that could ban this type of surveillance, the cases are playing out in courts around the country in scattershot fashion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's still a relatively new search technique, and we're just now seeing judges deal with them,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police and prosecutors, however, view geofence and keyword warrants as a way to catch perpetrators of crimes who may have otherwise eluded authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Google's own workers want the company to do more to protect abortion-seekers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Google has said that if data requests from authorities are overly broad, it will challenge them. \u003ca href=\"https://transparencyreport.google.com/user-data/overview?user_requests_report_period=authority:US\">The company's own statistics show that it produces data for authorities about 80% of the time it receives requests\u003c/a>. There is no public evidence of the company resisting a keyword search warrant in the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2022/04/google-fights-dragnet-warrant-users-search-histories-overseas-while-continuing\">It did, however, push back on one in Brazil\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/technology/safety-security/protecting-peoples-privacy-on-health-topics/\">Google earlier this month committed to deleting location data that shows when people go to abortion providers, fertility centers and other \"particularly personal\" places\u003c/a>. In a blog post, Google executive Jen Fitzpatrick wrote that users can also choose to have their location data auto-deleted from their devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Google employees are agitating for the company to do more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're really looking for these short, punchy press releases that get this breathless, 'Wow, Google is doing such good things,' or 'Alphabet is doing such good things,' coverage in the tech media, but then really aren't actually substantial,\" said Ashok Chandwaney, a Google software engineer who is part of the Alphabet Workers' Union. (Alphabet is Google's parent company.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chandwaney wants Google to vow to figure out all the ways law enforcement can potentially gather data on abortion-seekers from the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And then make it so that the data that could get people charged, or fined, or thrown in jail, or whatever, for seeking out healthcare, is not a thing that the company has to give to law enforcement,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Shannon Bond contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://npr.org/\">npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Privacy+advocates+fear+Google+will+be+used+to+prosecute+abortion+seekers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When police are trying to solve a crime, they often turn to Google for help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes sense since the Silicon Valley giant has grown into a nearly $1.6 trillion company on the strength of its most valuable asset: Data on billions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And often, finding out where someone was at the time of a crime, or what they were Googling before a crime occurs, can be pivotal to investigators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the Supreme Court has overturned \u003cem>Roe v. Wade\u003c/em>, privacy advocates fear Google will provide users' data to authorities who may try to target people seeking abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When someone uses a Google service on their phone with location history enabled, Google logs that phone's position about every two minutes. The company can estimate the location of a person's device within nine feet, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/document/united-states-v-chatrie-order-motion-suppress\">court testimony from the company has shown\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In the first half of last year, \u003ca href=\"https://transparencyreport.google.com/user-data/overview?user_requests_report_period=authority:US\">law enforcement sent Google more than 50,000 subpoenas\u003c/a>, search warrants and other types of legal requests for data Google retains, sometimes drawing from a massive centralized database of users' location history known as \"Sensorvault,\" which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/13/technology/google-sensorvault-location-tracking.html\">first reported by the \u003cem>New York Times \u003c/em>\u003c/a>in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Google is increasingly the cornerstone of American policing,\" said Albert Fox Cahn, a lawyer who is also executive director of the Surveillance Technology Oversight Project, an advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As authorities investigating crimes have become more tech savvy, they have turned to two particularly controversial types of data requests: geofence warrants and keyword warrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Geofence and keyword warrants are digital dragnets\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Geofence warrants seek information about every device that has crossed into a defined location in a specific period of time, say a bank at which there was recently a robbery, a home that was recently burned down, or an abortion clinic following the Supreme Court ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keyword warrants request information on everyone who has Googled specific search terms, a kind of digital dragnet that has long alarmed privacy advocates, and now abortion-rights advocates as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is so chilling. It is so broad. It is so contrary to our civil rights. And yet, because Google has so much of our data, it's just a ticking time bomb for pregnant people,\" Cahn said of keyword searches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it remains unclear whether state authorities will try to prosecute abortion-seekers, and will use digital evidence as part of those potential cases, legal experts say the prospect should be taken seriously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Privacy experts like Cahn consider the keyword search warrants — being able to comb through everyone who Googled a certain term — a type of fishing expedition that violates user privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the equivalent of going to a library and then trying to search every person who checked out a specific book,\" he added. \"We would never allow that in the analog world.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such a far-reaching search in the real world would likely violate the Fourth Amendment's ban on unreasonable searches, Cahn said. But courts are still catching up to the technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Geofence and keyword warrants are largely untested in U.S. courts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are very few cases in the U.S. that have tested the legality of geofence warrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Virginia bank robbery case, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/22081892-lauck-opinion\">a federal judge ruled this year that the use of the geofenced data to catch a suspect was unconstitutional\u003c/a> since police did not demonstrate they had probable cause for the search and it provided authorities with the location data of innocent bystanders. The warrant was approved by a magistrate who did not have a law degree. Yet the judge's ruling in the case does not have any bearing on how authorities in other states use the warrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, keyword searches are a relatively novel concept in the American legal system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Denver, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/police-google-reverse-keyword-searches-rcna35749\">police used a keyword search to find a suspect in a fire that left five dead\u003c/a>. Authorities obtained from Google the names of people who had searched for the address of the home that was set ablaze and made an arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The privacy watchdog group Electronic Frontier Foundation says keyword warrants are \"totally incompatible with constitutional protections for privacy and freedom of speech and expression.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Lynch, a lawyer with the group, said such searches run the risk of implicating innocent people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the U.S. does not have a national data privacy law that could ban this type of surveillance, the cases are playing out in courts around the country in scattershot fashion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's still a relatively new search technique, and we're just now seeing judges deal with them,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police and prosecutors, however, view geofence and keyword warrants as a way to catch perpetrators of crimes who may have otherwise eluded authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Google's own workers want the company to do more to protect abortion-seekers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Google has said that if data requests from authorities are overly broad, it will challenge them. \u003ca href=\"https://transparencyreport.google.com/user-data/overview?user_requests_report_period=authority:US\">The company's own statistics show that it produces data for authorities about 80% of the time it receives requests\u003c/a>. There is no public evidence of the company resisting a keyword search warrant in the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2022/04/google-fights-dragnet-warrant-users-search-histories-overseas-while-continuing\">It did, however, push back on one in Brazil\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/technology/safety-security/protecting-peoples-privacy-on-health-topics/\">Google earlier this month committed to deleting location data that shows when people go to abortion providers, fertility centers and other \"particularly personal\" places\u003c/a>. In a blog post, Google executive Jen Fitzpatrick wrote that users can also choose to have their location data auto-deleted from their devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Google employees are agitating for the company to do more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're really looking for these short, punchy press releases that get this breathless, 'Wow, Google is doing such good things,' or 'Alphabet is doing such good things,' coverage in the tech media, but then really aren't actually substantial,\" said Ashok Chandwaney, a Google software engineer who is part of the Alphabet Workers' Union. (Alphabet is Google's parent company.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chandwaney wants Google to vow to figure out all the ways law enforcement can potentially gather data on abortion-seekers from the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And then make it so that the data that could get people charged, or fined, or thrown in jail, or whatever, for seeking out healthcare, is not a thing that the company has to give to law enforcement,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Shannon Bond contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://npr.org/\">npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Privacy+advocates+fear+Google+will+be+used+to+prosecute+abortion+seekers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "What to Consider About Contraception and Pregnancy After Roe v. Wade Is Overturned",
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"content": "\u003cp>Access to a safe abortion already varies depending on what state you live in. Now that the Supreme Court has overturned Roe V. Wade, the landmark Supreme Court decision that's protected abortion rights since 1973, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/04/1096719943/some-states-will-ban-abortion-others-will-expand-access-if-roe-v-wade-is-overtur\">options will become even more limited – or virtually non-existent – in many states\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are potential implications for reproductive health well beyond abortion – including types of birth control, fertility treatments and treatments during pregnancy. Many people may have to rethink – or think more intentionally about – decisions they've long taken for granted.[aside postID=news_11917111 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS55728_073_KQED_AbortionRallySF_05032022-qut-1-1020x679.jpg']Here's what you need to know about birth control, emergency contraception and terminating a pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Consider \"layering\" contraceptive methods\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/contraception/index.htm#Contraceptive-Effectiveness\">Different types of birth control have different rates of failure\u003c/a> – meaning, contraception does not 100% guarantee that you won't get pregnant if you're having sex. Your choice of birth control might depend on the associated side effects, whether your healthcare provider or local pharmacy keeps it in stock, if you have insurance, what your insurance covers and a method's efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you decide \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/02/19/807328672/trying-to-decide-what-birth-control-to-use-heres-how-to-make-the-decision\">what type of birth control works for you\u003c/a>, consider whether you need to take extra precautions if you don't want to get pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Katharine White, \u003ca href=\"https://www.drkatewhite.com/yoursexualhealth/\">an associate professor at Boston University's school of medicine and author of the book \u003cem>Your Sexual Health\u003c/em>\u003c/a> recommends \"layering\" certain methods: if condoms are your primary method of birth control, consider also using the withdrawal method and/or tracking your ovulation so that you know when you're most fertile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I call this the BLT approach because it involves stacking methods on top of each other,\" like a bacon-lettuce-tomato sandwich. \"Together, these can be very highly effective,\" says Dr. White.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any birth control, Dr. White says, will be \"much more effective than crossing your fingers hoping that you don't get pregnant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>You can keep emergency contraception on hand in case you need it\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If your primary birth control fails or if you have unprotected sex and want to prevent pregnancy, you may find yourself at the pharmacy for emergency contraception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plan B and other emergency contraceptive pills are\u003cstrong> not the same\u003c/strong> as an abortion pill – \u003ca href=\"https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2017/07/access-to-emergency-contraception\">emergency contraception prevents someone from getting pregnant in the first place\u003c/a>.[aside postID=news_11913295 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RS55729_078_KQED_AbortionRallySF_05032022-qut-1020x680.jpg']Plan B is one of the most popular brands, but you can find a number of over-the-counter emergency contraceptives with levonorgestrel. You can also ask your provider to prescribe you Ella, an emergency contraceptive pill with ulipristal acetate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/emergency-contraception\">Emergency contraception can prevent more than 95% of pregnancies\u003c/a> when taken within three to five days of unprotected sex. But the sooner you take it, the more effective it is. Many sexually active people keep some on hand in their medicine cabinet as a precautionary measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check the expiration date – it's typically several years out, but the pill becomes less effective after it expires. Because of the long shelf-life, you can stock up responsibly in case supplies get short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you find yourself using emergency contraceptives frequently, consider a different primary method of birth control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If someone finds that they're needing to take it often ... [like] more than once in a month or in one menstrual cycle, it may not be as effective because the way it works is to delay ovulation,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://powertodecide.org/\">Dr. Raegan McDonald-Mosley, a practicing OBGYN and the CEO of Power to Decide\u003c/a>, a sexual health and planning nonprofit group.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If you have an unplanned pregnancy, online resources can help find the right option for you\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If a home pregnancy test shows that you're pregnant, trust it – \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940\">it's rare to get a false-positive\u003c/a>. If you're faced with an unwanted pregnancy, most states require you to act quickly.[aside postID=news_11917541 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/Lee-Mitchell_IMG_0090-2-1020x728.jpg']If you live in a state that has severely restricted or eliminated access to abortion, \u003ca href=\"https://www.abortionfinder.org/\">you can find your nearest clinic through Power To Decide's abortion finder\u003c/a>. Going to a clinic that provides abortions does not necessarily mean you will have an abortion, Dr. McDonald-Mosley says. You can make an appointment to confirm a pregnancy and discuss your options with a professional, including information about childcare services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a lot of people, traveling out of state to an abortion clinic is prohibitively expensive. The \u003ca href=\"https://wrrap.org/\">Women's Reproductive Rights Assistance Project (WRRAP)\u003c/a> or the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ineedana.com/about\">I Need a Database\u003c/a> can show you clinics in your area and link you to local organizations that can help with funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you can't travel to a clinic or prefer to manage your own abortion, \u003ca href=\"https://aidaccess.org/en/\">you can get care online through aidaccess.org\u003c/a>. The site provides online consultations for abortions and medication from overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those pills are the exact same medication as we provide in our clinic,\" says Robin Marty, the operations director at the \u003ca href=\"https://alabortionclinic.com/\">West Alabama Women's Center\u003c/a>. Like with any medication, there can be health risks with getting medication online – and Marty cautions that \u003ca href=\"https://www.reprolegalhelpline.org/self-managed-abortion-and-the-law/\">depending on where you live, there may be legal repercussions\u003c/a> involved in seeking abortion pills or inducing an abortion at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be sure to look up your state's laws about managing your own abortion before you make your decision. There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/us/abortion-laws-roe-v-wade.html\">numerous resources online\u003c/a> that explain each state's laws \u003ca href=\"https://www.plannedparenthoodaction.org/abortion-access-tool/CO\">regarding abortion restrictions there\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seek professional medical care from a local clinic, your doctor or a local urgent care if you experience prolonged bleeding or other complications after taking medication to manage an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complications from a medical abortion look very much like a miscarriage, says Dr. McDonald-Mosley. \"So someone can potentially present to an emergency room or to their provider and say, 'I'm having cramping and bleeding and I had a positive pregnancy test,' and receive the care that they need without having to reveal that they have taken abortion medications.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If you're planning to get pregnant, talk to your provider early about your options, in case of complications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, even planned pregnancies end in abortion due to complications that can pose a risk to the pregnant person, or a fetal anomaly that will result in the baby's death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal implications are even less clear in these circumstances now that Roe v. Wade is overturned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why Dr. White says that people who are planning to get pregnant should have conversations with their doctors about what might happen if there is a reason to terminate the pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would tell people who are pregnant, please enjoy your pregnancy, but don't do it by yourself,\" Dr. White says. She implores people to seek care for their pregnancy early – it's the best way to monitor the health of the parent and baby, and detect complications early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is more important than ever to have a good sense of what it is that you want in terms of pregnancy,\" Dr. White says. \"Find a doctor or a midwife or a clinical person who you can partner with, who you feel comfortable being open and honest with about everything and ... who will be open and honest with you about what's going to be possible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever your options, there are people who are willing to help. \"There are legions of doctors and health care professionals who are getting ready for what is happening,\" says Dr. White. \"We are going to be working really hard to put systems in place that everybody can still get the care that they need.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to Life Kit on \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/3LdRb0X\">\u003cem>Apple Podcasts\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/3K3xVln\">\u003cem>Spotify\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, or sign up for our \u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/3xN1tB9\">newsletter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The audio portion of this episode was produced by Mansee Khurana. We'd love to hear from you! Email us at or send a voice note to LifeKit@npr.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://npr.org/\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=What+to+consider+about+contraception+and+pregnancy+after+Roe+v.+Wade+is+overturned&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Access to a safe abortion already varies depending on what state you live in. Now that the Supreme Court has overturned Roe V. Wade, the landmark Supreme Court decision that's protected abortion rights since 1973, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/04/1096719943/some-states-will-ban-abortion-others-will-expand-access-if-roe-v-wade-is-overtur\">options will become even more limited – or virtually non-existent – in many states\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are potential implications for reproductive health well beyond abortion – including types of birth control, fertility treatments and treatments during pregnancy. Many people may have to rethink – or think more intentionally about – decisions they've long taken for granted.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Here's what you need to know about birth control, emergency contraception and terminating a pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Consider \"layering\" contraceptive methods\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/contraception/index.htm#Contraceptive-Effectiveness\">Different types of birth control have different rates of failure\u003c/a> – meaning, contraception does not 100% guarantee that you won't get pregnant if you're having sex. Your choice of birth control might depend on the associated side effects, whether your healthcare provider or local pharmacy keeps it in stock, if you have insurance, what your insurance covers and a method's efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you decide \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/02/19/807328672/trying-to-decide-what-birth-control-to-use-heres-how-to-make-the-decision\">what type of birth control works for you\u003c/a>, consider whether you need to take extra precautions if you don't want to get pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Katharine White, \u003ca href=\"https://www.drkatewhite.com/yoursexualhealth/\">an associate professor at Boston University's school of medicine and author of the book \u003cem>Your Sexual Health\u003c/em>\u003c/a> recommends \"layering\" certain methods: if condoms are your primary method of birth control, consider also using the withdrawal method and/or tracking your ovulation so that you know when you're most fertile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I call this the BLT approach because it involves stacking methods on top of each other,\" like a bacon-lettuce-tomato sandwich. \"Together, these can be very highly effective,\" says Dr. White.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any birth control, Dr. White says, will be \"much more effective than crossing your fingers hoping that you don't get pregnant.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>You can keep emergency contraception on hand in case you need it\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If your primary birth control fails or if you have unprotected sex and want to prevent pregnancy, you may find yourself at the pharmacy for emergency contraception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plan B and other emergency contraceptive pills are\u003cstrong> not the same\u003c/strong> as an abortion pill – \u003ca href=\"https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2017/07/access-to-emergency-contraception\">emergency contraception prevents someone from getting pregnant in the first place\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Plan B is one of the most popular brands, but you can find a number of over-the-counter emergency contraceptives with levonorgestrel. You can also ask your provider to prescribe you Ella, an emergency contraceptive pill with ulipristal acetate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/emergency-contraception\">Emergency contraception can prevent more than 95% of pregnancies\u003c/a> when taken within three to five days of unprotected sex. But the sooner you take it, the more effective it is. Many sexually active people keep some on hand in their medicine cabinet as a precautionary measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check the expiration date – it's typically several years out, but the pill becomes less effective after it expires. Because of the long shelf-life, you can stock up responsibly in case supplies get short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you find yourself using emergency contraceptives frequently, consider a different primary method of birth control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If someone finds that they're needing to take it often ... [like] more than once in a month or in one menstrual cycle, it may not be as effective because the way it works is to delay ovulation,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://powertodecide.org/\">Dr. Raegan McDonald-Mosley, a practicing OBGYN and the CEO of Power to Decide\u003c/a>, a sexual health and planning nonprofit group.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If you have an unplanned pregnancy, online resources can help find the right option for you\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If a home pregnancy test shows that you're pregnant, trust it – \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940\">it's rare to get a false-positive\u003c/a>. If you're faced with an unwanted pregnancy, most states require you to act quickly.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>If you live in a state that has severely restricted or eliminated access to abortion, \u003ca href=\"https://www.abortionfinder.org/\">you can find your nearest clinic through Power To Decide's abortion finder\u003c/a>. Going to a clinic that provides abortions does not necessarily mean you will have an abortion, Dr. McDonald-Mosley says. You can make an appointment to confirm a pregnancy and discuss your options with a professional, including information about childcare services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a lot of people, traveling out of state to an abortion clinic is prohibitively expensive. The \u003ca href=\"https://wrrap.org/\">Women's Reproductive Rights Assistance Project (WRRAP)\u003c/a> or the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ineedana.com/about\">I Need a Database\u003c/a> can show you clinics in your area and link you to local organizations that can help with funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you can't travel to a clinic or prefer to manage your own abortion, \u003ca href=\"https://aidaccess.org/en/\">you can get care online through aidaccess.org\u003c/a>. The site provides online consultations for abortions and medication from overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those pills are the exact same medication as we provide in our clinic,\" says Robin Marty, the operations director at the \u003ca href=\"https://alabortionclinic.com/\">West Alabama Women's Center\u003c/a>. Like with any medication, there can be health risks with getting medication online – and Marty cautions that \u003ca href=\"https://www.reprolegalhelpline.org/self-managed-abortion-and-the-law/\">depending on where you live, there may be legal repercussions\u003c/a> involved in seeking abortion pills or inducing an abortion at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be sure to look up your state's laws about managing your own abortion before you make your decision. There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/us/abortion-laws-roe-v-wade.html\">numerous resources online\u003c/a> that explain each state's laws \u003ca href=\"https://www.plannedparenthoodaction.org/abortion-access-tool/CO\">regarding abortion restrictions there\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seek professional medical care from a local clinic, your doctor or a local urgent care if you experience prolonged bleeding or other complications after taking medication to manage an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complications from a medical abortion look very much like a miscarriage, says Dr. McDonald-Mosley. \"So someone can potentially present to an emergency room or to their provider and say, 'I'm having cramping and bleeding and I had a positive pregnancy test,' and receive the care that they need without having to reveal that they have taken abortion medications.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If you're planning to get pregnant, talk to your provider early about your options, in case of complications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, even planned pregnancies end in abortion due to complications that can pose a risk to the pregnant person, or a fetal anomaly that will result in the baby's death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal implications are even less clear in these circumstances now that Roe v. Wade is overturned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why Dr. White says that people who are planning to get pregnant should have conversations with their doctors about what might happen if there is a reason to terminate the pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would tell people who are pregnant, please enjoy your pregnancy, but don't do it by yourself,\" Dr. White says. She implores people to seek care for their pregnancy early – it's the best way to monitor the health of the parent and baby, and detect complications early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is more important than ever to have a good sense of what it is that you want in terms of pregnancy,\" Dr. White says. \"Find a doctor or a midwife or a clinical person who you can partner with, who you feel comfortable being open and honest with about everything and ... who will be open and honest with you about what's going to be possible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever your options, there are people who are willing to help. \"There are legions of doctors and health care professionals who are getting ready for what is happening,\" says Dr. White. \"We are going to be working really hard to put systems in place that everybody can still get the care that they need.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "The FDA Orders Juul to Pull All of its Vaping Products From the U.S. Market",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration has issued a marketing denial order to Juul, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-denies-authorization-market-juul-products\">telling the company to remove its e-cigarettes from the U.S. marketplace\u003c/a> — a decision that promises to shake up the vaping market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision applies to “all of their products currently marketed in the United States,” the FDA said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing the FDA’s review of Juul, which accounts for a large portion of the U.S. e-cigarette market, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-denies-authorization-market-juul-products\">FDA Commissioner Robert M. Califf stated\u003c/a>, “We recognize these make up a significant part of the available products and many have played a disproportionate role in the rise in youth vaping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, a Juul representative said the company will fight the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We respectfully disagree with the FDA’s findings and decision,” Joe Murillo, Juul Labs’ chief regulatory officer, said in a statement sent to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We intend to seek a stay and are exploring all of our options under the FDA’s regulations and the law,” Murillo said, “including appealing the decision and engaging with our regulator.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The FDA ruling sparks strong reactions from both sides\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The decision comes nearly two years after Juul \u003ca href=\"https://www.juullabs.com/juul-labs-submits-premarket-tobacco-product-application/\">submitted its application to the FDA\u003c/a>, hoping to continue selling its products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the FDA’s decision initially emerged in preliminary reports on Wednesday. It was welcomed by the advocacy group PAVe, or Parents Against Vaping e-cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“JUUL will finally be held accountable for creating the youth vaping epidemic, and igniting a new industry of highly-addictive flavored products that are harming millions of American kids,” the group’s founders, Meredith Berkman and Dorian Fuhrman, told NPR via email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an enormous step in the right direction,” they added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But word of the decision incensed Amanda Wheeler, the president of the American Vapor Manufacturers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wheeler accused the FDA of waging a “campaign of regulatory arson against the nicotine vaping products that millions of Americans rely on as an alternative to cigarettes.” It was a sign, she said, of the FDA’s “staggering indifference to ordinary Americans and their right to switch” to vaping.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Vaping is seen as a potential aid for adults, and a risk for kids\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The FDA’s denial could signal a dramatic shift in how regulators view e-cigarettes. Their supporters credit Juul and other vape companies with offering addicted smokers a less harmful alternative to cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-issues-decisions-additional-e-cigarette-products\">The FDA itself acknowledges that potential\u003c/a>. In recent months, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/tobacco-products/premarket-tobacco-product-applications/premarket-tobacco-product-marketing-granted-orders\">it has authorized other companies’ vape devices and products\u003c/a> — but only after the agency became convinced the companies are doing enough to steer clear of youths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, for instance, the FDA stated that in one case it reviewed, “the likely benefit for adult smokers who significantly reduce their cigarette use … outweighs the risk to youth, provided that the company follows postmarketing requirements to reduce youth access and youth exposure to their marketing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But critics say the process of vaping highly addictive nicotine brings its own health risks — and they’ve accused Juul of targeting minors through its marketing practices and youth-friendly flavors. In recent years, the pushback prompted Juul to eliminate flavors such as mango and crème. \u003ca href=\"https://www.juul.com/discontinued-flavors\">It now sells just two variations\u003c/a>: tobacco and menthol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-announces-plans-proposed-rule-reduce-addictiveness-cigarettes-and-other-combusted-tobacco\">According to the FDA\u003c/a>, nearly 10.7 million young people from 12-17 years old have used e-cigarettes or are open to trying them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+FDA+orders+Juul+to+pull+all+of+its+vaping+products+from+the+U.S.+market&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The company 'will finally be held accountable for creating the youth vaping epidemic,' the advocacy group Parents Against Vaping e-cigarettes told NPR. Juul said it plans to fight the decision.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration has issued a marketing denial order to Juul, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-denies-authorization-market-juul-products\">telling the company to remove its e-cigarettes from the U.S. marketplace\u003c/a> — a decision that promises to shake up the vaping market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision applies to “all of their products currently marketed in the United States,” the FDA said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing the FDA’s review of Juul, which accounts for a large portion of the U.S. e-cigarette market, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-denies-authorization-market-juul-products\">FDA Commissioner Robert M. Califf stated\u003c/a>, “We recognize these make up a significant part of the available products and many have played a disproportionate role in the rise in youth vaping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, a Juul representative said the company will fight the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We respectfully disagree with the FDA’s findings and decision,” Joe Murillo, Juul Labs’ chief regulatory officer, said in a statement sent to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We intend to seek a stay and are exploring all of our options under the FDA’s regulations and the law,” Murillo said, “including appealing the decision and engaging with our regulator.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The FDA ruling sparks strong reactions from both sides\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The decision comes nearly two years after Juul \u003ca href=\"https://www.juullabs.com/juul-labs-submits-premarket-tobacco-product-application/\">submitted its application to the FDA\u003c/a>, hoping to continue selling its products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the FDA’s decision initially emerged in preliminary reports on Wednesday. It was welcomed by the advocacy group PAVe, or Parents Against Vaping e-cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“JUUL will finally be held accountable for creating the youth vaping epidemic, and igniting a new industry of highly-addictive flavored products that are harming millions of American kids,” the group’s founders, Meredith Berkman and Dorian Fuhrman, told NPR via email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an enormous step in the right direction,” they added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But word of the decision incensed Amanda Wheeler, the president of the American Vapor Manufacturers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wheeler accused the FDA of waging a “campaign of regulatory arson against the nicotine vaping products that millions of Americans rely on as an alternative to cigarettes.” It was a sign, she said, of the FDA’s “staggering indifference to ordinary Americans and their right to switch” to vaping.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Vaping is seen as a potential aid for adults, and a risk for kids\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The FDA’s denial could signal a dramatic shift in how regulators view e-cigarettes. Their supporters credit Juul and other vape companies with offering addicted smokers a less harmful alternative to cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-issues-decisions-additional-e-cigarette-products\">The FDA itself acknowledges that potential\u003c/a>. In recent months, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/tobacco-products/premarket-tobacco-product-applications/premarket-tobacco-product-marketing-granted-orders\">it has authorized other companies’ vape devices and products\u003c/a> — but only after the agency became convinced the companies are doing enough to steer clear of youths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, for instance, the FDA stated that in one case it reviewed, “the likely benefit for adult smokers who significantly reduce their cigarette use … outweighs the risk to youth, provided that the company follows postmarketing requirements to reduce youth access and youth exposure to their marketing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But critics say the process of vaping highly addictive nicotine brings its own health risks — and they’ve accused Juul of targeting minors through its marketing practices and youth-friendly flavors. In recent years, the pushback prompted Juul to eliminate flavors such as mango and crème. \u003ca href=\"https://www.juul.com/discontinued-flavors\">It now sells just two variations\u003c/a>: tobacco and menthol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-announces-plans-proposed-rule-reduce-addictiveness-cigarettes-and-other-combusted-tobacco\">According to the FDA\u003c/a>, nearly 10.7 million young people from 12-17 years old have used e-cigarettes or are open to trying them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+FDA+orders+Juul+to+pull+all+of+its+vaping+products+from+the+U.S.+market&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>People who menstruate are saying it's hard to find tampons on store shelves across the U.S. right now, as supply chain upsets reach the feminine care aisle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I just went to 5 different Walgreens [and] the shelves are CLEARED,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lilhandsy/status/1534618564547575808?s=20&t=gVLj5V6-npWQdBYy81iTgw%20\">said one Twitter user this past week\u003c/a>, while \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/TwoXChromosomes/comments/u4nwmj/the_great_tampon_shortage_of_current_day/\">people on Reddit have posted about empty shelves going back months.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shortage stems from a combination of factory staffing challenges, transportation bottlenecks, and the rising costs of key raw materials used to make the products, tampon makers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CVS, Target and Walgreens said in statements to NPR that they were aware of a limited tampon supply at some stores. A spokesperson for CVS said that, in recent weeks, suppliers haven't been able to fulfill the full orders placed by the company. Both companies said they're working with tampon makers to replenish store inventory as soon as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walgreens said its shortages \"may only be in specific brands while we navigate the supply disruption,\" but that its website is updated with the latest store-level inventory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dana Marlowe, the founder of I Support the Girls, an organization that provides menstrual products for people with economic hardship, says the shortage has been happening for longer than most people realize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marlowe says her group has seen a large drop in tampon donations in recent months. The organization received half as many tampons this year compared to the same time last year and over 60% less than in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our shelves our bare,\" Marlowe told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Procter & Gamble, makers of Tampax products, told NPR the supply problem is temporary and that \"the Tampax team is producing tampons 24/7 to meet the increased demand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>P&G, which owns the biggest market share of menstrual products, said in an April earnings call that sourcing and transporting raw materials for menstrual products, as well as getting products on trucks to retailers, \"continues to be costly and highly volatile.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>It's another supply chain issue affecting women\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It's another supply chain problem where women are bearing the brunt of the cost, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/19/1099748064/baby-infant-formula-shortages\">mothers struggle to feed their babies during the baby formula shortage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Time\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://time.com./6184644/tampon-shortage-supply-chain/\">first reported on the tampon shortage\u003c/a> last week, noting that it's lasted longer than other shortages, like toilet paper and cleaning supplies, early on in the pandemic. Decision-makers in the supply chain and CEOs of manufacturers are mostly men, the magazine reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tampons are also getting more expensive due to inflation. A year after announcing increased prices on feminine care products, P&G said in the April earnings call that ongoing supply chain constraints led to another price hike on the products, which will go into effect in mid-July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-06-09/inflation-is-pushing-tampon-prices-up-10\">The average price for tampons rose by nearly 10% in the year through last month\u003c/a>, Bloomberg reported citing NielsenIQ data, because of rising costs of the materials used. The materials that make up tampons, including cotton, rayon, fluff pulp and plastic, have been in high demand for use in masks and other medical products during the pandemic. Extreme drought in Texas, diesel prices and Russia's invasion of Ukraine also tightened the supply of those goods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I Support The Girls founder Marlowe said that existing stigmas and taboos around menstruation make it difficult to garner national attention and action needed to solve the scarcity problem. It's one that affects vulnerable groups the most, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She's met women who don't have the resources to make multiple trips to the store, she said, and have resorted to unsafe methods. \"They're using cardboard and duct tape, ripped up sheets,\" and other unsanitary items, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+not+just+you%3A+Tampons+are+harder+to+find+%E2%80%94+and+pricier&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"soldout": {
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"imageURL": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nav-News-Nov2026ElectionCoverage@2x-7bd4aad4.png",
"description": "Get informed in minutes with our Voter Guide for California’s November 3 election."
},
"podcasts-radio": {},
"video-tv": {},
"events": {},
"support": {}
}
}
}
